Source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32011R1343
Timestamp: 2020-07-07 03:36:34
Document Index: 598854437

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art 29', 'Art 11', 'Art 11', 'Art 22', 'Art 9', 'Art 22', 'Art 22', 'Art 9', 'Art 14', 'Art 9', 'Art 14', 'Art 16', 'art)\n36']

EUR-Lex - 32011R1343 - EN - EUR-Lex
Document 32011R1343
Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 04 Volume 006 P. 278 - 295
In force: This act has been changed. Current consolidated version: 10/07/2019
ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/1343/oj
19/01/2012; Entry into force Date pub. +20 See Art 29
01/07/2019; See Art 11a
30/09/2019; See Art 11a
30/11/2019; At the latest See Art 22r
11/01/2020; At the latest See Art 9e.2 And 16cb
20/01/2020; See Art 22p.1
31/01/2020; See Art 22p.1
31/03/2020; At the latest See Art 9d.5 And 22a.3
01/04/2020; See Art 14a.1
30/04/2020; See Art 9d.5 And 22d
30/06/2020; See Art 14a1 And 23a.8
31/12/2020; At the latest See Art 16n
Amendment 32006R1967 abolition article 24 19/01/2012
Amendment 32006R1967 abolition article 27 .1 19/01/2012
Amendment 32006R1967 abolition article 27 .4 19/01/2012
Amendment 32006R1967 abolition article 4.3 19/01/2012
Amendment 32006R1967 Replacement article 9.3 19/01/2012
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition title II chapter IV 28/11/2015
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition title II chapter V 28/11/2015
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition title II chapter VI 28/11/2015
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition title III chapter Ia 28/11/2015
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition article 23b 28/11/2015
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition article 23a 28/11/2015
Amended by 32015R2102 Addition article 15a 28/11/2015
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition title (subdivision) III chapter III 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition title (subdivision) II chapter I section III 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition article 23a paragraph 8 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition annex VIII 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition annex VII 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition annex V 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition title (subdivision) II chapter IVA 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition title (subdivision) IIa 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition title (subdivision) III chapter IV 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Replacement article 23a paragraph 1 point (a) 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition section Ia 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Repeal article 17a 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Replacement article 2 paragraph 1 unnumbered paragraph 1 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition annex VI 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition article 16ca 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Replacement article 3 Text 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition article 3 point (f) 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition title (subdivision) II chapter IIA 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition article 3 point (e) 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition article 16cb 10/07/2019
Amended by 32019R0982 Addition annex IV 10/07/2019
Amendment proposed by 52014PC0457
Amendment proposed by 52018PC0143
L 347/44
The European Community acceded to the Agreement for the establishment of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM Agreement) pursuant to Council Decision 98/416/EC of 16 June 1998 on the accession of the European Community to the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (3) (GFCM).
The GFCM Agreement provides an appropriate framework for multilateral cooperation to promote the development, conservation, rational management and best utilisation of living marine resources in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea at levels which are considered sustainable and at low risk of collapse.
The European Union, as well as Bulgaria, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Cyprus, Malta, Romania and Slovenia are contracting parties to the GFCM Agreement.
Recommendations adopted by the GFCM are binding on its contracting parties. As the Union is a contracting party to the GFCM Agreement, these recommendations are binding on the Union and should therefore be implemented in Union law unless their content is already covered thereby.
At its Annual Sessions in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 the GFCM adopted a number of recommendations and resolutions for certain fisheries in the GFCM Agreement area which have been temporarily implemented in Union law by the annual Regulations on fishing opportunities or, in the case of GFCM Recommendations 2005/1 and 2005/2, by Article 4(3) and Article 24 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1967/2006 (4).
For reasons of clarity, simplification and legal certainty, and since the permanent character of recommendations requires also a permanent legal instrument for their implementation in Union law, it is appropriate to implement these recommendations via a single legislative act, where future recommendations can be added by way of amendments to that act.
GFCM recommendations apply to the entire GFCM Agreement area, that is the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and connecting waters, as defined in the preamble to the GFCM Agreement, and therefore, for reasons of clarity and legal certainty, they should be implemented in a single separate Regulation rather than through amendments to Regulation (EC) No 1967/2006 which covers only the Mediterranean Sea.
Certain provisions contained in Regulation (EC) No 1967/2006 should apply not only to the Mediterranean Sea but to the entire GFCM Agreement area. Those provisions should therefore be deleted from Regulation (EC) No 1967/2006 and included in this Regulation. In addition, certain provisions regarding minimum mesh size that are laid down in that Regulation should be further clarified.
The ‘fisheries restricted areas’ established by GFCM recommendations for spatial management measures are equivalent to the ‘fishing protected areas’ as used in Regulation (EC) No 1967/2006.
At its Annual Session of 23 to 27 March 2009 the GFCM adopted, on the basis of scientific advice by the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC), contained in the report of its 11th session (FAO report No 890), a recommendation on the establishment of a fisheries restricted area in the Gulf of Lions. It is appropriate to implement this measure by means of a fishing effort management system.
In Mediterranean mixed fisheries, the selectivity of some fishing gears cannot be permitted to go beyond a certain level. In addition to the overall control and limitation of fishing effort, it is fundamental to limit fishing effort in areas where adults of important stocks aggregate, in order to ensure a risk of reproduction impairment that is low enough to allow for their sustainable exploitation. It is therefore advisable, in respect of the area examined by the SAC, first to limit the fishing effort to previous levels and then not to allow any increase of that level.
The advice upon which management measures are based should itself be based on the scientific use of relevant data on fleet capacity and activity, on the biological status of exploited resources and on the social and economic situation of fisheries. Those data need to be collected and submitted in time to allow the subsidiary bodies of the GFCM to prepare their advice.
At its Annual Session in 2008, the GFCM adopted a recommendation on a regional scheme of port state measures to combat Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing in the GFCM Area. While Council Regulation (EC) No 1005/2008 of 29 September 2008 establishing a Community system to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (5) covers generally the content of that recommendation and has been applied since 1 January 2010, there are nevertheless some parts thereof, such as the frequency, the coverage and the procedure for port inspections, which need to be referred to in this Regulation in order to adapt them to the particularities of the GFCM Agreement area.
Implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission in order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of the provisions of this Regulation in respect of the format and transmission of: the report on the fishing activities carried out in fisheries restricted areas; applications for carrying over lost days due to bad weather in the closed season for dolphinfish fisheries and the report on such carrying over; the report in the context of collecting data on dolphinfish fisheries; information in respect of the use of minimum mesh size for nets used for trawling activities exploiting demersal stocks in the Black Sea; and data on statistical matrices, as well as in respect of cooperation and exchange of information with the Executive Secretary of the GFCM. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission’s exercise of implementing powers (6).
In order to ensure that the Union continues to fulfil its obligations under the GFCM Agreement, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission in respect of the implementation in Union law of amendments, which have become binding on the Union, to existing GFCM measures which have already been implemented in Union law, as regards the provision to the Executive Secretary of the GFCM of information on minimum mesh size in the Black Sea; the transmission to the Executive Secretary of the GFCM of the list of authorised vessels for the purpose of the GFCM Register; port state measures; cooperation, information and reporting; the table, map and geographic coordinates of the GFCM Geographical Sub-Areas; port state inspection procedures for vessels; and GFCM statistical matrices. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council,
For the purposes of this Regulation the following definitions shall, in addition to the definitions laid down in Article 3 of Council Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002 of 20 December 2002 on the conservation and sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources under the Common Fisheries Policy (7) and Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 1967/2006, apply:
‘GFCM Agreement area’ means the Mediterranean and the Black Sea and connecting waters, as described in the GFCM Agreement;
‘fishing effort’ means the product resulting from multiplying the capacity of a fishing vessel, expressed either in kW or in GT (gross tonnage), by the activity expressed in number of days at sea;
‘day at sea’ means any calendar day on which a vessel is absent from port, irrespective of the amount of time in the course of that day that that vessel is present in an area;
‘EU Fleet Register number’ means the Community Fleet Register number defined in Annex I to Commission Regulation (EC) No 26/2004 of 30 December 2003 on the Community fishing fleet register (8).
42° 40′ N, 4° 20′ E
42° 40′ N, 5° 00′ E
43° 00′ N, 4° 20′ E
43° 00′ N, 5° 00′ E.
1. Vessels authorised to fish in the area referred to in Article 4 shall be issued with a fishing authorisation by their Member State in accordance with Article 7 of Council Regulation (EC) No 1224/2009 of 20 November 2009 establishing a Community control system for ensuring compliance with the rules of the common fisheries policy (9).
the maximum number of hours per day a vessel is permitted to engage in fishing activity;
the maximum number of days per week a vessel is permitted to stay at sea and be absent from port; and
the compulsory times for fishing vessels to exit from, and return to, their registered port.
deep-sea fisheries restricted area ‘Lophelia reef off Capo Santa Maria di Leuca’ bounded by lines joining the following coordinates:
39° 11,16′ N, 18° 04,28′ E;
deep-sea fisheries restricted area ‘The Nile delta area cold hydrocarbon seeps’ bounded by lines joining the following coordinates:
31° 30,00′ N, 33° 10,00′ E
31° 30,00′ N, 34° 00,00′ E
32° 00,00′ N, 34° 00,00′ E
32° 00,00′ N, 33° 10,00′ E;
deep-sea fisheries restricted area ‘The Eratosthenes Seamount’ bounded by lines joining the following coordinates:
33° 00,00′ N, 32° 00,00′ E
33° 00,00′ N, 33° 00,00′ E
34° 00,00′ N, 33° 00,00′ E
34° 00,00′ N, 32° 00,00′ E.
a report containing the details of the cessation of fishing activities in question, including appropriate supporting meteorological information;
the name of the vessel and its EU Fleet Register number.
1. Without prejudice to Council Regulation (EC) No 199/2008 of 25 February 2008 concerning the establishment of a Community framework for the collection, management and use of data in the fisheries sector and support for scientific advice regarding the Common Fisheries Policy (10), Member States shall set up an appropriate system of collection and treatment of fisheries catch and fishing effort data.
The use of towed dredges and trawl nets fisheries at depths beyond 1 000 m shall be prohibited.
the vessel’s EU Fleet Register number and its external marking, as defined in Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 26/2004;
the period during which fishing and/or transhipment is authorised;
the fishing gears used.
only vessels flying their flag that are included in the list referred to in paragraph 1 and that hold on board a fishing authorisation issued by them are permitted, under the terms of the authorisation, to carry out fishing activities in the GFCM Agreement area;
no fishing authorisation is issued to vessels that have carried out illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing (IUU fishing) in the GFCM Agreement area or elsewhere, unless the new owners provide adequate documentary evidence that the previous owners and operators no longer have any legal, beneficial or financial interest in, or exercise any control over, their vessels, or that their vessels neither take part in nor are associated with IUU fishing;
as far as possible, their national legislation prohibits owners and operators of vessels flying their flag that are included in the list referred to in paragraph 1 from taking part in, or being associated with, fishing activities carried out in the GFCM Agreement area by vessels not on the GFCM register;
as far as possible, their national legislation requires owners of vessels flying their flag that are included in the list referred to in paragraph 1 to be nationals or legal entities within the flag Member State;
their vessels comply with all the relevant GFCM conservation and management measures.
does not comply with the requirements of this Regulation;
is included in a list of vessels that have engaged in, or have supported, IUU fishing adopted by a regional fisheries management organisation; or
does not have a valid authorisation to engage in fishing or fishing-related activities in the GFCM Agreement area.
By way of derogation from the first subparagraph, nothing shall prevent Member States from allowing, in situations of force majeure or distress within the meaning of Article 18 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (11), a third-country vessel from using their ports for services strictly necessary to remedy such situations.
requesting information from, and providing information to, relevant databases;
requesting cooperation and cooperating in order to promote the effective implementation of this Regulation.
the provision to the Executive Secretary of the GFCM of information under Article 15(4);
the transmission of the list of authorised vessels to the Executive Secretary of the GFCM under Article 17;
port state measures set out in Articles 18 to 22;
cooperation, information and reporting set out in Articles 23 and 24;
the table, the map and the geographical coordinates of GFCM Geographical Sub-Areas (GSAs) set out in Annex I;
port state inspection procedures for vessels set out in Annex II; and
GFCM statistical matrices set out in Annex III.
‘3. For towed nets, other than those referred to in paragraph 4, the minimum mesh size shall be at least:
a square-meshed net of 40 mm at the cod-end; or
at the duly justified request of the ship owner, a diamond-meshed net of 50 mm of an acknowledged size selectivity that is equivalent to or higher than that of nets referred to under point (a).
The Commission shall submit a report on the implementation of this paragraph to the European Parliament and the Council by 30 June 2012, on the basis of which, as well as on the basis of the information supplied by Member States before 31 December 2011, it shall propose due amendments where appropriate.’;
in Article 27, paragraphs 1 and 4 are deleted.
(1) OJ C 354, 28.12.2010, p. 71.
(2) Position of the European Parliament of 8 March 2011 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and position of the Council at first reading of 20 October 2011. Position of the European Parliament of 13 December 2011.
(3) OJ L 190, 4.7.1998, p. 34.
(4) OJ L 409, 30.12.2006, p. 11; as replaced by corrigendum, OJ L 36, 8.2.2007, p. 6.
(5) OJ L 286, 29.10.2008, p. 1.
(7) OJ L 358, 31.12.2002, p. 59.
(8) OJ L 5, 9.1.2004, p. 25.
(10) OJ L 60, 5.3.2008, p. 1.
(11) OJ L 179, 23.6.1998, p. 3.
FAO SUB-AREA
FAO STATISTICAL DIVISIONS
Southern Alboran Sea
Sardinia (west)
Ligurian and North Tyrrhenian Sea
South Tyrrhenian Sea
Sardinia (east)
Southern Adriatic Sea (part)
36° N 5° 36′ W
36° N 3° 20′ W
36° 05′ N 3° 20′ W
36° N 2° 40′ W
36° N 1° 30′ W
36° 30′ N 1° 30′ W
36° 30′ N 1° W
37° 36′ N 1° W
35° 45′ N 3° 20′ W
35° 49′ N 5° 36′ W
36° N 1° 13′ W
Morocco-Algeria border
36° N 2° 13′ W
37° N 1° W
37° N 0° 30′ E
38° N 0° 30′ E
38° N 8° 35′ E
Algeria-Tunisia border
39° 30′ N 0° 30′ E
39° 30′ N 1° 30′ W
40° N 1° 30′ E
40° N 2° E
40° 30′ N 2° E
40° 30′ N 6° E
38° N 6° E
41° 47′ N 6° E
42° 26′ N 3° 09′ E
41° 20′ N 8° E
43° 15′ N 7° 38′ E
43° 15′ N 9° 45′ E
41° 18′ N 9° 45′ E
41° 18′ N 8° E
41° 18′ N 13° E
Coast line (including North Sicily)
41° 18′ N 11° E
38° N 11° E
38° N 12° 30′ E
41° 18′ N 6° E
38° 30′ N 11° E
38° 30′ N 8° 30′ E
38° N 8° 30′ E
37° N 12° E
37° N 11° 04′E
35° N 13° 30′ E
35° N 11° E
35° N 15° 18′ E
36° 30′ N 13° 30′ E
35° N 13° 30′E
36° 30′ N 15° 18′ E
37° N 15° 18′ E
41° 55′ N 15° 08′ E
Croatia-Montenegro border
Coast lines (both sides)
40° 04′ N 18° 29′ E
Albania-Greece border
Coast line (including East Sicily)
35° N 19° 10′ E
39° 58′ N 19° 10′ E
35° N 23° E
36° 30′ N 23° E
34° N 23° E
34° N 25° 09′ E
Libya-Egypt border
36° N 23° E
36° N 26° 30′ E
34° N 26° 30′ E
34° N 29° E
36° 43′ N 29° E
34° N 32° E
35° 47′ N 32° E
35° 47′ N 35° E
34° N 35° E
34° N 34° 13′ E
Egypt-Gaza Strip border
verify that the official documentation on board is valid, if necessary, through appropriate contacts with the flag State or international records of vessels;
where necessary, arrange for an official translation of the documentation;
verify that the vessel’s name, flag, any external identification number and markings (and International Maritime Organization (IMO) ship identification number when available) and the international radio call sign are correct;
as far as possible, examine whether the vessel has changed name and/or flag and, if so, note the previous name(s) and flag(s);
note the names and addresses of previous owners, if any, during the past 5 years.
Port inspectors shall verify that the fishing gear on board is in conformity with the conditions of the authorisations. The gear may also be checked to ensure that features such as, inter alia, the mesh sizes (and possible devices), length of nets and hook sizes conform with applicable regulations and that identification marks of the gear correspond to those authorised for the vessel.
Port inspectors may also search the vessel for any fishing gear stowed out of sight and for fishing gear that is otherwise illegal.
Port inspectors shall, to the greatest extent possible, examine whether the fish and fishery products on board were harvested in accordance with the conditions set out in the applicable authorisations. In doing so, port inspectors shall examine the fishing logbook and reports submitted, including those transmitted by a vessel monitoring system (VMS), as appropriate.
In order to determine the quantities and species on board, port inspectors may examine the fish in the hold or during the landing. In doing so, port inspectors may open cartons where the fish has been pre-packed and move the fish or cartons to ascertain the integrity of fish holds.
If the vessel is unloading, port inspectors may verify the species and quantities landed. Such verification may include product type, live weight (quantities determined from the logbook) and the conversion factor used for calculating processed weight to live weight. Port inspectors may also examine any possible quantities retained on board.
Port inspectors may review the quantity and composition of all catch on board, including by sampling.
inspecting authority (name of inspecting authority or the alternate body nominated by the authority),
name of inspector,
date and time of inspection,
port of inspection (place where the vessel is inspected), and
date (date the report is completed).
type of vessel,
external identification number (side number of the vessel) and IMO-number (if available) or other number as appropriate,
International Radio Call Sign,
MMS I-number (Maritime Mobile Service Identity number), if available,
Flag State (the State where the vessel is registered),
previous names and flags, if any,
home port (the port of registration of the vessel) and previous home ports,
vessel owner (name, address, contact),
vessel beneficial owner if different from the vessel owner (name, address, contact),
vessel operator responsible for using the vessel if different from the vessel owner (name, address, contact),
vessel agent (name, address, contact),
names and addresses of previous owners, if any,
name, nationality and maritime qualifications of master and fishing master, and
Fishing authorisation (licences/permits)
the vessels’ authorisations to fish or transport fish and fish products,
states issuing the authorisations,
terms of the authorisations, including areas and duration,
relevant regional fisheries management organisation,
areas, scope and duration of the authorisations,
details of allocation authorised — quota, fishing effort or other,
species, by-catch and fishing gear authorised, and
transhipment records and documents (where applicable).
date, time, zone and place current fishing trip commenced,
areas visited (entry and exit from different areas),
transhipment activities at sea (date, species, place, quantity of fish transhipped),
last port visited,
date and time when current fishing trip ended, and
intended next port of call, as appropriate.
Result of the inspection on the catch
start and end of discharge (times and date),
live weight (quantities determined from the logbook),
relevant conversion factor,
processed weight (quantities landed by species and presentation),
equivalent live weight (quantities landed in equivalent live weight, as ‘product weight multiplied with the conversion factor’),
intended destination of fish and fishery products inspected, and
quantity and species of fish retained on board, if any.
Results of gear inspection
details of gear types.
Conclusions of the inspection including identification of the violations believed to have been committed and reference to the relevant rules and measures. Such evidence shall be attached to the inspection report.
12-24 metres
More than 24 metres
Polyvalent small-scale vessels without engine
Polyvalent small-scale vessels with engine
Polyvalent vessels
A Polyvalent small-scale vessels without engine— All vessels less than 12 metres in length (LOA) without an engine (wind or propulsion).
B Polyvalent small-scale vessels with engine less than 6 m— All vessels under 6 metres in length (LOA) with engine.
C Polyvalent small-scale vessels with engine between 6 and 12 metres— All vessels between 6 and 12 metres in length (LOA) with engine, that use different gears during the year without clear predominance of one of them or that use a gear not considered in this classification.
D Trawlers less than 12 m— All vessels less than 12 metres in length (LOA) allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a demersal trawl.
E Trawlers between 12 and 24 m— All vessels, between 12 and 24 metres in length (LOA) allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a demersal trawl.
F Trawlers longer than 24 m— All vessels over 24 metres in length (LOA), allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a demersal trawl.
G Purse Seiners between 6 and 12 m— All vessels between 6 and 12 m in length (LOA), allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a purse seine.
H Purse Seiners longer than 12 m— All vessels over 12 m in length (LOA), allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a purse seine, excluding those using a tuna seine during any time of the year.
I Longliners longer than 6 m— All vessels over 6 m in length (LOA), allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a longline.
J Pelagic Trawlers longer than 6 m— All vessels over 6 m in length (LOA), allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a pelagic trawl.
K Tuna seiners— All vessels operating with a Tuna Seine for any length of time during the year.
L Dredgers longer than 6 m— All vessels over 6 m in length (LOA), allocating more than 50 percent of their effort operating with a dredge.
M Polyvalent vessels longer than 12 m— All vessels over 12 metres in length (LOA), that use different gears during the year without clear predominance of one of them or that use a gear not considered in this classification.
Note: All the cells are open for collecting information. The cells left blank in the above table are considered as unlikely to have a significant population. However, if necessary, it is advisable to merge the information of a ‘blank cell’ with the most appropriate neighbouring ‘grey cell’.
Number and dimension
Nominal Effort (1)
Open mouth, width of mouth
Dredged bottom surface (2)
Trawl (including dredges for flatfishes)
Type of trawl (pelagic, bottom)
GT and/or GRT
Size of the net (width of mouth)
GT × days
kW × days
Length and drop of the net
Number of small boats
GT × Fishing sets
Length of the net × fishing sets
Type of net (e.g. trammel net, gillnets, etc.)
Net length (used in regulations)
Net length and drop
Net length × days
Surface × days
Number of longline
Characteristics of hooks
Number of longline unit
Number of hooks × hours
Number of hooks × days
Number of longline units × days/hours
Number of traps × days
Purse seine/FADs
Number of FADs
Number of FADs × Number of trips
(1) The effort measures that do not include a time activity should be referred to a period of time (i.e. by year).
(2) Should be referred to a particular area (indicating the surface) to estimate fishing intensity (effort/km2) and to relate the effort to exploited communities.