Source: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2009/09/09/E9-21360/updating-osha-standards-based-on-national-consensus-standards-personal-protective-equipment
Timestamp: 2016-09-29 12:14:37
Document Index: 250783997

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:: Updating OSHA Standards Based on National Consensus Standards; Personal Protective Equipment
A Rule by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration on 09/09/2009
46350-46361
E9-21360
Subpart J—[Amended] Footnotes
https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E9-21360
Subpart I of OSHA's general industry standards contains design requirements for eye- and face-protective devices, head protection, and foot protection. (See 29 CFR 1910.133, 1910.135, 1910.136.) OSHA has similar requirements in subpart I of part 1915 (Shipyard Employment), subpart E of part 1917 (Marine Terminals), and subpart J of part 1918 (Longshoring). These rules require that the specified PPE comply with national consensus standards incorporated by reference into the OSHA standards, unless the employer demonstrates that a piece of equipment is as effective as equipment that complies with the incorporated national consensus standard. (See, e.g., 29 CFR 1910.133(b)(1).) [1] These design provisions are part of comprehensive requirements to ensure that employees use PPE that will protect them from hazards in the workplace.
The incorporated ANSI standards are over a decade old and, in some instances, are two decades old. Over this period, ANSI updated all of the standards, and, in one instance (i.e., the Start Printed Page 46351ANSI Z41 standard for protective footwear), ANSI withdrew its standard when ASTM adopted a national consensus standard for protective footwear. In response, manufacturers began manufacturing PPE that conforms with the updated ANSI and ASTM standards. As a result, employers and employees have difficulty obtaining PPE manufactured in accordance with the national consensus standards incorporated earlier in OSHA standards. OSHA estimates that these types of PPE last about two to four years. (See OSHA Docket S-060, “Preliminary Regulatory Impact & Regulatory Flexibility Analysis of the Personal Protective Equipment Standard,” Table IV-2 (U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis, June 30, 1989).)
The proposed rule also deleted a paragraph in § 1910.94 and another paragraph in § 1910.252, which reference, respectively, specific versions of American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards on foot protection and eye- and face-protective devices. OSHA explained that, in deleting these references, the relevant design provisions of the general industry PPE standard would apply to these types of PPE.
OSHA believes that, for the most part, these and other criticisms of the proposal represent a misunderstanding of the proposal or overstate the effects of the proposed good-design requirement. For example, numerous commenters noted that the proposed rule eliminated a baseline level of PPE protection. (See, e.g., ISEA (Ex. OSHA-2007-0044-0025) and ASSE (Tr. at 84-85).) These concerns appear to overlook the provision in the proposal that required the PPE to provide protection equivalent to or greater than PPE that was constructed in accordance with one of the national consensus standards listed in the nonmandatory appendices, which included national consensus standards already incorporated into the OSHA standards. (See, e.g., proposed § 1910.133(b)(2) in 72 FR 27775.)
Finally, a few commenters remarked that employee protection may decrease because OSHA, at a later date, could approve, for inclusion in the Start Printed Page 46352nonmandatory appendices, a design standard that did not provide an adequate level of protection. (See, e.g., ASSE (Ex. OSHA-2007-0044-0029, and Tr. at 79).) These commenters, however, did not provide a basis for this comment. Moreover, OSHA notes that such action would be counter to its long-standing policy to adopt new requirements only if they provide employees with equivalent or increased protection. In any event, adding a design standard to the nonmandatory appendices would be subject to notice-and-comment rulemaking.
OSHA believes that the widespread opposition to the good-design provision indicates possible misapplication of the standard if adopted as proposed. In addition, the widespread support for continued incorporation of national consensus standards convinces OSHA that using direct-final rulemaking to update references to national consensus standards may alleviate the administrative and practical problems that arise when OSHA standards require compliance with outdated national consensus standards.[2] Accordingly, OSHA is not adopting the proposed good-design approach.
ISEA, in its written comments, recommended that OSHA amend Appendix B to § 1910, subpart I (“Selection Guidelines for Head Protection”) to conform to the recent edition of ANSI Z89.1 (see Ex. OSHA-2007-0044-0025). Beginning with the ANSI Z89.1-1997 standard, ANSI updated the classification system for protective helmets. In this edition and in the subsequent edition, ANSI classified the type and class of protective helmets differently than it did in the current OSHA-incorporated 1986 edition. Consequently, ANSI no longer uses the old designations—Type 1 (hats) and Type 2 (caps). The electrical insulation classifications of Class G (General—tested to 2200V), Class E (Electrical—tested to 20,000V), and Class C (Conductive—no electrical protection) replace former Classes A, B, and C, respectively, to make the designations more user-friendly. Therefore, the Agency is amending paragraph 9 of nonmandatory Appendix B to § 1910, subpart I by adding a discussion clarifying the relationship between the old classification system and the new classification system.
OSHA did not receive any comments on its proposal to delete paragraph (a)(5)(v)(a) in § 1910.94 and paragraph (b)(2)(ii)(I) in § 1910.252,[3] which reference, respectively, specific versions of American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards on foot protection and eye- and face-protective devices.
Paragraph (a)(5)(v)(a) of § 1910.94 requires that safety shoes used by abrasive-blasting operators comply with ANSI Z41.1-1967, while § 1910.252(b)(2)(ii)(I) specifies that filter lenses and plates used in protective eyewear for welding must comply with the transmission test for radiant energy prescribed in ANSI Z87.1-1968. These references are outdated and, therefore, OSHA is amending these paragraphs so that they are consistent with OSHA's revisions to §§ 1910.133(b) and 1910.136(b).
The final regulatory text addresses 3M's written comment that, even though 3M supports the proposal's performance-oriented approach, the proposal's nonmandatory appendix should be mandatory (Ex. OSHA-2007-0044-0026). Similarly, it is consistent with the recommendation made by several trade associations that employers should be able to comply with their obligations under the proposed rule by continuing to use PPE constructed in accordance with ANSI Start Printed Page 46353and ASTM standards. (See National Grain and Feed Association and Grain Elevator and Processing Society (Ex. OSHA-2007-0044-0027); American Bakers Association (Ex. -0028); NADA (Ex. -0047); see, also, International Association of Drilling Contractors (Ex. -0022) (stating that OSHA “may wish to consider including International Standards Organization (ISO) standards” to the list of standards in the nonmandatory appendices).)
In developing the final rule, the Agency had to decide whether to allow employers to continue using the editions of the national consensus standards currently incorporated in its PPE standards. In this regard, several commenters and witnesses recommended that OSHA delete references to the versions of the national consensus standards that are currently incorporated in the OSHA standards, (see, e.g., Ex. OSHA-2007-0044-0025; Tr. at 81). However, OSHA received testimony from several witnesses at the hearing that the PPE designed under a previous standard generally remains safe to use even though it may not conform totally with the most recent standard, and that allowing employers to use this PPE would permit them to deplete inventories before they have to purchase new PPE (Tr. at 90 and 140-143). In addition to these comments, OSHA proposed in the NPRM to list these editions in the nonmandatory appendices as examples of national consensus standards that met the proposal's good design requirement, thereby demonstrating OSHA's confidence in the level of employee protection afforded by these national consensus standards. The Agency also noted in the NPRM that the rulemaking would place no economic burden on employers who may still be using PPE constructed in accordance with the currently incorporated editions of the national consensus standards, implying that these employers could continue using this equipment.[4] Therefore, based on the witness testimony and its statements in the NPRM, OSHA is retaining references to post-1986 editions of the national consensus standards currently incorporated in its PPE standards.
The safety shoes required by § 1910.94(a)(5)(v)(a) must comply with the updated national consensus standards referenced in § 1910.136(b)(1), while the filter lenses and plates in protective eyewear required by § 1910.252(b)(2) must meet one of the tests for radiant-energy transmission prescribed in the ANSI standards incorporated by the updated § 1910.133(b)(1).
Regarding safety shoes, OSHA believes that shoes constructed according to recent national consensus standards provide an appropriate level of protection, and, moreover, that it is difficult for employers to purchase shoes constructed in accordance with the referenced 1967 national consensus standard. Similarly, although it is feasible to purchase protective eye wear that meets an outdated test, if the protective eye wear meets a subsequent test that provides equivalent or greater protection, it is unnecessarily confusing to explicitly require conformity to an outdated test when meeting a more current test provides the required level of protection. Accordingly, OSHA believes that complying with related OSHA standards (i.e., §§ 1910.133(b) and 1910.136(b)) will provide employees with the latest PPE technology while also easing employers' compliance obligations. In the final rule, OSHA revised the phrase “filter lens and plates” to “filter lens” to conform to the definitions in the recent ANSI standards. The newly incorporated ANSI standards do not define “plates,” and the definitions of “filter lens” in these standards are broad enough to encompass “plates” as the term was used in § 1910.252(b)(2)(ii)(I) and the 1968 ANSI standard. OSHA does not consider this revision to be substantive.
This rulemaking also deletes the paragraphs in §§ 1910.94 and 1910.252 that reference pre-1970 ANSI standards on foot protection and eye- and face-protective devices, respectively. Instead, employers must comply with §§ 1910.136(b) and 1910.133(b), which consist, respectively, of requirements for foot protection and eye- and face-protective devices newly updated under this rulemaking.
Finally, the Agency plans in the future to update the national consensus standards referenced in its PPE standards as new editions become available. Once OSHA determines that a new edition of a national consensus standard provides protection that is equal to or greater than the editions currently incorporated into its PPE standards, the Agency will use appropriate rulemaking, including direct-final rulemaking, to incorporate the new editions, and to remove outdated editions, from the regulatory text.Start Printed Page 46354
With regard to this final rule, it will not impose any additional or more stringent requirements on employers compared to existing OSHA standards. Through this rulemaking, OSHA is updating the references in its regulations to recognize recent editions of the applicable national consensus standards, and deleting a number of outdated editions of the national consensus standards referenced in its existing PPE standards. The final rule does not require employers to update or replace their PPE solely as a result of this rulemaking if the PPE currently in Start Printed Page 46355use meets the existing standards. Therefore, the final rule does not require action under 29 CFR 1953.5(a), and States and U.S. Territories with approved State Plans do not need to adopt this rule or show OSHA why such action is unnecessary. However, to the extent these States and Territories have the same standards as the OSHA standards affected by this final rule, OSHA encourages them to adopt the amendments.
Start Amendment PartFor the reasons stated above in the preamble, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration is amending End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Part1. Revise the authority citation for subpart A of part 1910 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Authority: Sections 4, 6, 8, Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657); Secretary of Labor's Orders 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 6-96 (62 FR 111), 3-2000 (65 FR 50017), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008), and 5-2007 (72 FR 31160), as applicable.
Start Amendment Part2. Amend § 1910.6 as follows:End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Parta. Revise paragraphs (a)(2) and (a)(4)End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partb. Revise paragraph (e) introductory textEnd Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partc. Revise paragraphs (e)(60), (e)(61), and (e)(67) through (e)(72)End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partd. Add new paragraphs (e)(73), (74), (75), (76), and (77)End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Parte. Revise paragraph (h) introductory textEnd Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partf. Add new paragraphs (h)(20) and (h)(21)End Amendment Part
(4) Copies of standards listed in this section and issued by private standards organizations are available for purchase from the issuing organizations at the addresses or through the other contact information listed below for these private standards organizations. In addition, these standards are available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of these standards at NARA, telephone: 202-741-6030, or go to http://www.archives.gov/​federal_​register/​code_​of_​federal_​regulations/​ibr_​locations.html. Also, the standards are available for inspection at any Regional Office of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), or at the OSHA Docket Office, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Room N-2625, Washington, DC 20210; telephone: 202-693-2350 (TTY number: 877-889-5627).
(60) ANSI Z41-1999, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1910.136(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1999 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(61) ANSI Z41-1991, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1910.136(b)(1)(iii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1991 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(67) ANSI Z87.1-2003, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for §§ 1910.133(b)(1)(i) and 1910.252(b)(2)(ii)(I)(1). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929; or from the International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA), 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(68) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), American National Standard Practice for Start Printed Page 46356Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.133(b) (1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998) are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(69) ANSI Z87.1-1989, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.133(b)(1)(iii). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(70) ANSI Z88.2-1969, Practices for Respiratory Protection; IBR approved for §§ 1910.94(c)(6)(iii)(a), 1910.134(c); and 1910.261(a)(3)(xxvi), (b)(2), (f)(5), (g)(15)(v), (h)(2)(iii), (h)(2)(iv), and (i)(4).
(71) ANSI Z89.1-2003, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.135(b)(1)(i). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(72) ANSI Z89.1-1997, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.135(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-1997 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(73) ANSI Z89.1-1986, American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements; IBR approved for § 1910.135(b)(1)(iii).
(74) ANSI Z41.1-1967 Men's Safety Toe Footwear; IBR approved for § 1910.261(i)(4).
(75) ANSI Z87.1-1968 Practice of Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.261(a)(3)(xxv), (d)(1)(ii), (f)(5), (g)(1), (g)(15)(v), (g)(18)(ii), and (i)(4).
(76) ANSI Z89.1-1969 Safety Requirements for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.261(a)(3)(xxvii), (b)(2), (g)(15)(v), and (i)(4).
(77) ANSI Z89.2-1971 Safety Requirements for Industrial Protective Helmets for Electrical Workers, Class B; IBR approved for § 1910.268(i)(1).
(20) ASTM F-2412-2005, Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection; IBR approved for § 1910.136(b)(1)(i).
(21) ASTM F-2413-2005, Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1910.136(b)(1)(i).
Start Amendment Part3. The authority citation for subpart G of part 1910 continues to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Authority: Sections 4, 6, and 8 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657); Secretary of Labor's Orders 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 6-96 (62 FR 111), 3-2000 (65 FR 50017), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008), or 5-2007 (72 FR 31160), as applicable; and 29 CFR part 1911.
Start Amendment Part4. Revise paragraph (a)(5)(v)(End Amendment Part
§ 1910.94 Ventilation.
Start Amendment Part5. Revise the authority citation for subpart I of part 1910 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Authority: Sections 4, 6, and 8 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657); Secretary of Labor's Orders 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 6-96 (62 FR 111), 3-2000 (65 FR 50017), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008), or 5-2007 (72 FR 31160), as applicable.
Start Amendment Part6. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1910.133 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1910.133 Eye and face protection.
(i) ANSI Z87.1-2003, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6;
(ii) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6; or
(iii) ANSI Z87.1-1989, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6.
Start Amendment Part7. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1910.135 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1910.135 Head protection.
(i) ANSI Z89.1-2003, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6;
(ii) ANSI Z89.1-1997, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6; or
(iii) ANSI Z89.1-1986, “American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6.
Start Amendment Part8. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1910.136 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1910.136 Foot protection.
(i) ASTM F-2412-2005, “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” and ASTM F-2413-2005, “Standard Specification for Performance Start Printed Page 46357Requirements for Protective Footwear,” which are incorporated by reference in § 1910.6;
(ii) ANSI Z41-1999, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6; or
(iii) ANSI Z41-1991, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1910.6.
Start Amendment Part9. Add a paragraph at the end of paragraph 9 in Appendix B to subpart I that reads as follows:End Amendment Part
9. Selection guidelines for head protection. * * *
Start Amendment Part10. The authority citation for subpart Q of part 1910 continues to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Part11. Revise paragraph (b)(2)(ii)(I) of § 1910.252 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1910.252 General requirements.
(b) * * * (2) * * * (ii) * * * (I) Filter lenses must meet the test for transmission of radiant energy prescribed by any of the consensus standards listed in 29 CFR 1910.133(b)(1).
Start Amendment Part12. The authority citation for part 1915 continues to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Authority: Section 41, Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (33 U.S.C. 941); Sections 4, 6, and 8 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657); Secretary of Labor's Orders 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 6-96 (62 FR 111), 3-2000 (65 FR 50017), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008), or 5-2007 (72 FR 31160), as applicable; and 29 CFR part 1911.
Start Amendment Part13. Amend § 1915.5 as follows:End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Parta. Revise paragraphs (b) and (c).End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partb. Revise paragraph (d)(1) introductory text.End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partc. Revise paragraphs (d)(1)(iv) through (d)(1)(ix).End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partc. Add new paragraphs (d)(1)(x), and (d)(1)(xi).End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partd. Add new paragraph (d)(5).End Amendment Part
§ 1915.5 Incorporation by reference.
(c) Copies of standards listed in this section and issued by private standards organizations are available for purchase from the issuing organizations at the addresses or through the other contact information listed below for these private standards organizations. In addition, these standards are available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of these standards at NARA, telephone: 202-741-6030, or go to http://www.archives.gov/​federal_​register/​code_​of_​federal_​regulations/​ibr_​locations.html. Also, the standards are available for inspection at any Regional Office of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), or at the OSHA Docket Office, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Room N-2625, Washington, DC 20210; telephone: 202-693-2350 (TTY number: 877-889-5627).
(iv) ANSI Z41-1999, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1915.156(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1999 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(v) ANSI Z41-1991, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1915.156(b)(1)(iii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1991 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(vi) ANSI Z87.1-2003, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1915.153(b)(1)(i). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929; or from the International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA), 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.Start Printed Page 46358
(vii) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1915.153(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998) are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(viii) ANSI Z87.1-1989, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1915.153(b)(1)(iii).
(ix) ANSI Z89.1-2003, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1915.155(b)(1)(i). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(x) ANSI Z89.1-1997, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1915.155(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-1997 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(xi) ANSI Z89.1-1986, American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements; IBR approved for § 1915.155(b)(1)(iii).
(i) ASTM F-2412-2005, Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection; IBR approved for § 1915.156(b)(1)(i).
(ii) ASTM F-2413-2005, Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1915.156(b)(1)(i).
Start Amendment Part14. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1915.153 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1915.153 Eye and face protection.
(i) ANSI Z87.1-2003, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5;
(ii) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5; or
(iii) ANSI Z87.1-1989, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5.
Start Amendment Part15. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1915.155 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1915.155 Head protection.
(i) ANSI Z89.1-2003, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5;
(ii) ANSI Z89.1-1997, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5; or
(iii) ANSI Z89.1-1986, “American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5.
Start Amendment Part16. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1915.156 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1915.156 Foot protection.
(i) ASTM F-2412-2005, “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” and ASTM F-2413-2005, “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear,” which are incorporated by reference in § 1915.5;
(ii) ANSI Z41-1999, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5; or
(iii) ANSI Z41-1991, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1915.5.
Start Amendment Part17. Revise the authority citation for part 1917 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Authority: Section 41, Longshore and Harbor Worker's Compensation Act (33 U.S.C. 941); Sections 4, 6, and 8 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657); Secretary of Labor's Orders 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 6-96 (62 FR 111), 3-2000 (65 FR 50017), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008), or 5-2007 (72 FR 31160), as applicable; and 29 CFR part 1911.
Start Amendment Part18. Amend 1917.3 as follows:End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Parta. Revise paragraphs (a)(2), (a)(3), and (a)(4).End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partb. Revise paragraph (b) introductory text.End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partc. Revise paragraphs (b)(4) through (b)(7).End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partd. Add new paragraphs (b)(8) through (b)(12).End Amendment Part
§ 1917.3 Incorporation by reference.
(a) * * * (2) The standards listed in paragraph (b) of this section are incorporated by reference in the corresponding sections noted as the sections exist on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in these standards will be published in the Federal Register. The Director of the Federal Register approved these incorporations by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
(3) Any changes in the standards incorporated by reference in this part and an official historic file of such changes are available for inspection in the Docket Office at the national office of the Occupational Safety and Health Start Printed Page 46359Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC 20910; telephone: 202-693-2350 (TTY number: 877-889-5627).
(4) Copies of standards listed in this section and issued by private standards organizations are available for purchase from the issuing organizations at the addresses or through the other contact information listed below for these private standards organizations. In addition, these standards are available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, telephone: 202-741-6030, or go to http://www.archives.gov/​federal_​register/​code_​of_​federal_​regulations/​ibr_​locations.html. Also, the material is available for inspection at any Regional Office of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), or at the OSHA Docket Office, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Room N-2625, Washington, DC 20210; telephone: 202-693-2350 (TTY number: 877-889-5627).
(4) ANSI Z41-1999, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1917.94(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1999 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(5) ANSI Z41-1991, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1917.94(b)(1)(iii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1991 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(6) ANSI Z87.1-2003, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1917.91(a)(1)(i)(A). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929; or from the International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA), 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(7) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1917.91(a)(1)(i)(B). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998) are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(8) ANSI Z87.1-1989, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1917.91(a)(1)(i)(C). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(9) ANSI Z89.1-2003, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1917.93(b)(1)(i). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(10) ANSI Z89.1-1997, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1917.93(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-1997 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(11) ANSI Z89.1-1986, American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements; IBR approved for § 1917.93(b)(1)(iii).
(12) ASME B56.1, 1959, Safety Code for Powered Industrial Trucks, pages 8 and 13; IBR approved for § 1917.50(j)(1).
(1) ASTM F-2412-2005, Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection; IBR approved for § 1917.94(b)(1)(i).
(2) ASTM F-2413-2005, Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1917.94(b)(1)(i).
Start Amendment Part19. Revise paragraph (a)(1) of § 1917.91 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1917.91 Eye and face protection.
(A) ANSI Z87.1-2003, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3;
(B) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3; or
(C) ANSI Z87.1-1989, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3.
Start Amendment Part20. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1917.93 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1917.93 Head protection.
(i) ANSI Z89.1-2003, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3;
(ii) ANSI Z89.1-1997, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3; or
(iii) ANSI Z89.1-1986, “American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3.
Start Amendment Part21. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1917.94 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1917.94 Foot protection.
(i) ASTM F-2412-2005, “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” and ASTM F-2413-2005, “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear,” which are incorporated by reference in § 1917.3;
(ii) ANSI Z41-1999, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3; or
(iii) ANSI Z41-1991, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1917.3.
Start Amendment Part22. Revise the authority citation for part 1918 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Part23. Amend 1918.3 as follows:End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partc. Revise paragraphs (b)(4) through (b)(6).End Amendment Part
Start Amendment Partd. Add new paragraphs (b)(7) through (b)(11).End Amendment Part
§ 1918.3 Incorporation by reference.
(4) Copies of standards listed in this section and issued by private standards organizations are available for purchase from the issuing organizations at the addresses or through the other contact information listed below for these private standards organizations. In addition, these standards are available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, telephone: 202-741-6030, or go to http:/www.archives.gov/​federal_​register/​code_​of_​federal_​regulations/​ibr_​locations.html. Also, the standards are available for inspection at any Regional Office of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), or at the OSHA Docket Office, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Room N-2625, Washington, DC 20210; telephone: 202-693-2350 (TTY number: 877-889-5627). (b) Except as noted, copies of the standards listed below in this paragraph are available for purchase from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036; telephone: 212-642-4900; fax: 212-398-0023; Web site:
(4) ANSI Z41-1999, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1918.104(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1999 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(5) ANSI Z41-1991, American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear; IBR approved for § 1918.104(b)(1)(iii). Copies of ANSI Z41-1991 are available for purchase only from the National Safety Council, P.O. Box 558, Itasca, IL 60143-0558; telephone: 1-800-621-7619; fax: 708-285-0797; Web site: http://www.nsc.org.
(6) ANSI Z87.1-2003, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1918.101(a)(1)(i)(A). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929; or from the International Safety Equipment Association (ISEA), 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(7) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1918.101(a)(1)(i)(B). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R1998) are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(8) ANSI Z87.1-1989, American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; IBR approved for § 1918.101(a)(1)(i)(C). Copies of ANSI Z87.1-1989 are available for purchase only from the American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187; telephone: 847-699-2929.
(9) ANSI Z89.1-2003, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1918.103(b)(1)(i). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-2003 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(10) ANSI Z89.1-1997, American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection; IBR approved for § 1918.103(b)(1)(ii). Copies of ANSI Z89.1-1997 are available for purchase only from the International Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moore Street, Arlington, VA 22209-1762; telephone: 703-525-1695; fax: 703-528-2148; Web site: http://www.safetyequipment.org.
(11) ANSI Z89.1-1986, American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements; IBR approved for § 1918.103(b)(1)(iii).
(c) Copies of the following standards are available for purchase from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone: 610-832-9585; fax: 610-832-9555; e-mail: Start Printed Page 46361
seviceastm.org; Web site: http://www.astm.org.
Subpart J—[Amended] Start Amendment Part24. Revise paragraph (a)(1) of § 1918.101 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1918.101 Eye and face protection.
(A) ANSI Z87.1-2003, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3;
(B) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R1998), “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3; or
(C) ANSI Z87.1-1989, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3.
Start Amendment Part25. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1918.103 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1918.103 Head protection.
(i) ANSI Z89.1-2003, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3;
(ii) ANSI Z89.1-1997, “American National Standard for Industrial Head Protection,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3; or
(iii) ANSI Z89.1-1986, “American National Standard for Personnel Protection—Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers—Requirements,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3.
Start Amendment Part26. Revise paragraph (b) of § 1918.104 to read as follows:End Amendment Part
§ 1918.104 Foot protection.
(i) ASTM F-2412-2005, “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” and ASTM F-2413-2005, “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective Footwear,” which are incorporated by reference in § 1918.3;
(ii) ANSI Z41-1999, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3; or
(iii) ANSI Z41-1991, “American National Standard for Personal Protection—Protective Footwear,” which is incorporated by reference in § 1918.3.
The general industry and shipyard employment standards expressly allow employers to use PPE that is as protective as PPE constructed in accordance with the incorporated standards. OSHA uses its de minimis policy to allow employers covered by the longshoring and marine terminals standards to use PPE that is as protective as PPE constructed in accordance with the incorporated standards. (See OSHA Instruction CPL 2.103, “Field Inspection Reference Manual,” Chapter III.C.2.g; and memorandum from Richard Fairfax, Director, Directorate of Enforcement Programs to Regional Administrators (June 19, 2006).)
OSHA will use the direct-final rulemaking process to update national consensus standards referenced in its PPE standards when it is appropriate to do so (see, J. Lubbers, A Guide to Federal Agency Rulemaking, at 115-119 (4th ed. 2006)).
The NPRM also requested public comment on (1) its assumption that the proposed revisions would not increase compliance burdens, and (2) whether it should replace these paragraphs with cross references to §§ 1910.136(b) and 1910.133(b). The Agency received no comment on either issue.
In the NPRM, OSHA specifically noted that it did not believe that employers were still using PPE constructed in accordance with the ANSI standards that it adopted to allow employers to continue to use PPE they purchased before a specified date, and proposed to delete any reference to these consensus standards from the PPE standards. OSHA received no comments indicating that employers were using such PPE currently.