Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7650379?dq=mezick
Timestamp: 2017-01-24 05:43:53
Document Index: 62420608

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60']

Patent US7650379 - Method for channel congestion management - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA method for managing data traffic in a multi-user multiple-simultaneous-access (MUMSA) environment, for example in a code reuse multiple access (CRMA) environment or other physical environment having true random access with more than one transmission present at the same time, the method including estimating...http://www.google.com/patents/US7650379?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7650379 - Method for channel congestion managementAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS7650379 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/538,429Publication dateJan 19, 2010Filing dateOct 3, 2006Priority dateDec 9, 2003Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS7975008, US20070110098, US20100008225, WO2008042533A2, WO2008042533A3Publication number11538429, 538429, US 7650379 B2, US 7650379B2, US-B2-7650379, US7650379 B2, US7650379B2InventorsSteven R. Hart, Mark J. Miller, Charles N. PaterosOriginal AssigneeViasat, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (11), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (31), Classifications (19), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod for channel congestion management
regulating the transmission of packets in the MUMSA upstream channel according at least in part to the transmission value so that a transmitted load from all of the plurality of terminals has a rate of packet transmission that is less than the congestion threshold value times an offered load to the subscriber terminal, so that the upstream channel bears a more evenly distributed load.
17. The method according to claim 16 further including the step of, at each said terminal, throttling the channel load according to a quality of service factor.
18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the transmission value from the comparing step is determinative of whether packets are transmitted or discarded.
19. The method according to claim 16, the congestion threshold calculating step comprising the repeated steps of:
computing a desired access level (DAL);
establishing an initial value of the congestion threshold;
establishing a channel load via an iterative process;
selecting an adjustment value as a desired access level divided by channel load;
applying hysteresis to the adjustment value so that when the adjustment value is greater than 1, it increments at a rate of diminished slope; thereafter
setting a next congestion threshold to be at the former congestion threshold multiplied by the adjustment value subject to a maximum;
broadcasting the next congestion threshold to subscriber terminals.
20. The method according to claim 19, comprising computing the desired access level based on capacity of the system for possible simultaneous transmissions without degradation and quality requirements based on packet error rates.
21. The method according to claim 19, comprising using the congestion threshold at each subscriber terminal in the network to perform a local portion of the congestion threshold calculating step.
22. An apparatus for managing data traffic in a two-way satellite communication system comprising:
means associated with a plurality of subscriber terminals for providing a multiple user multiple simultaneous access (MUMSA) upstream channel communicatively coupling the plurality of subscriber terminals to a hub through a satellite;
means for estimating channel load of multiple users having simultaneous access to the MUMSA upstream channel;
means for calculating on an ongoing basis a congestion threshold value using said estimate of channel load;
means for selecting a current congestion threshold value and transmitting the current congestion threshold value on a downstream channel to the plurality of subscriber terminals;
means at each of the plurality of subscriber terminals for comparing the congestion threshold value with a random number to obtain a transmission value determinative at least in part of whether a packet is eligible to be transmitted by the subscriber terminal; and
means at each of the plurality of subscriber terminals for regulating the transmission of packets in the MUMSA upstream channel according at least in part to the transmission value so that a transmitted load from all of the plurality of terminals has a rate of packet transmission that is less than the congestion threshold value times an offered load to the subscriber terminal, so that the upstream channel bears a more evenly distributed load.
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,924, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Adaptive Use of Satellite Uplink Bands” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/406,861; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,927, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Frequency Re-use for Service and Gateway Beams” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/406,804; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,959, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Satellite Architecture” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/406,880; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,960, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Piggy-back Satellite Architecture” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/406,887; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,964, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Placement of Gateways Away from Service Beams” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/187,051; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,021, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Multi-Service Provider Subscriber Authentication” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/406,847; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,033, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Large Packet Concatenation in Satellite Communication System” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/408,543; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,037, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Upfront Delayed Concatenation In Satellite Communication System” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/406,900; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,014, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Map-Trigger Dump Of Packets In Satellite Communication System” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/408,614 for “Map-Triggered Dump Of Packets In Satellite Communication System”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,044, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Web/Bulk Transfer Preallocation Of Upstream Resources In A Satellite Communication System” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/409,306; U.S. Continuation in Part patent application Ser. No. 11/538,431, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Code Reuse Multiple Access For A Satellite Return Link”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,985, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Aggregate Rate Modem” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/174,525; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,988, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Packet Reformatting for Downstream Links” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/174,222; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,992, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Downstream Waveform Modification” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/174,173; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,994, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Upstream Resource Optimization” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/174,674; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,999, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Upstream MF-TDMA Frequency hopping” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/174,676; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,002, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Downstream Virtual Channels Multiplexed on a Per Symbol Basis” now expired; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/827,997, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Broadband Modulator for Modified Downstream Waveform” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/174,196; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,038, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Adapted DOCSIS Circuit for Satellite Media” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,312; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828045, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Satellite Downstream Virtual Channels” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,738 for “High Data Rate Multiplexing Satellite Stream to Low Data Rate Subscriber Terminals”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828035, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Satellite Business Method” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,704 for “Satellite System Optimization”; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828032, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Multi-User Detection in Satellite Return Link” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,694; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,034, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Multi-rate Downstreaming in Multiple Virtual Channel Environment” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,748; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828047, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Satellite Upstream Load Balancing”, now expired; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828048, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Satellite UpstreamDownstream Virtual Channel Architecture” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,744; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/828,046, filed Oct. 3, 2006 for “Virtual Channel Load Balancing” corresponding to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/411,692 for “Intra-Domain Load Balancing”. STATEMENT AS TO RIGHTS TO INVENTIONS MADE UNDER FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
FIG. 13A and 13B are illustration of a multi-beam system configured according to various embodiments of the invention.
Referring to FIG. 3A, at a high level, the network controller 22 of the prior art estimates load (Step 101), generates a congestion threshold value or equivalent (Step 111) and broadcasts the congestion threshold value to all subscriber terminals (Step 121). Referring for FIG. 3B, at each subscriber terminal in the prior art, the congestion threshold value is received (Step 138), performs a random experiment using the received congestion threshold (Step 142), and broadcasts the packet to the hub if the experiment is a success (Step 144).
FIG. 7 is a flow chart for computation of the congestion threshold at the Network Controller 22. First a desired access level (DAL) is computed, as hereinafter explained (Step K). An initial value of the congestion threshold is set or preset to 100% (CT=1) (Step L). An iterative process begins with each new network load measurement to establish a channel load CL from zero (CL=0) to 100% (CL=1) (Step M). An adjustment value AV is set as the desired access level divided by channel load (DAL/CL) or more precisely, the desired access level divided by the maximum of the channel load or 0.001 (where 0.001 is set to avoid a division by zero) (Step N). Hysteresis is applied to the adjustment value (AV) so that when AV>1, it goes up at ¼ slope (Step O). Thereafter, the new congestion threshold is set to be the old congestion threshold multiplied by the adjustment value up to a value of 100%, or more precisely, the minimum of 1 and CT*AV (Step P). This new congestion threshold is then broadcast to all subscriber terminals (Step Q), and the iteration repeats (Step R).
The Subscriber Terminal then uses a modified version of the Local CCAP (herein Local CCAP—QOS) for handling each packet. This is shown in FIG. 10. The control packets are identified (Step AC), bypass the QOS process and are transmitted (Step BC). Packets not intended for the QOS circuit are identified (Step CC), a random number is generated (Step DC) and compared with the congestion threshold (EC). If less than the congestion threshold the packet is dropped (Step FC) rather than transmitted.
The following information is given as background in order to understand the environment of high-speed satellite communication, particularly as employed to service subscribers accessing high speed networks.
FIG. 11A is a block diagram of an exemplary satellite communications system 100 configured according to various embodiments of the invention. The satellite communications system, 100 includes a network 120, such as the Internet, interfaced with a gateway 115 that is configured to communicate with one or more subscriber terminals 130, via a satellite 105. A gateway 115 is sometimes referred to as a hub or ground station. Subscriber terminals 130 are sometimes called modems, satellite modems or user terminals. As noted above, although the communications system 100 is illustrated as a geostationary satellite 105 based communication system, it should be noted that various embodiments described herein are not limited to use in geostationary satellite based systems, for example some embodiments could be low earth orbit (LEO) satellite based systems.
Turning to FIGS. 13A and 13B, examples of a multi-beam system 200 configured according to various embodiments of the invention are shown. The multi-beam system 200 may, for example, be implemented in the network 120 described in FIGS. 11A and 1B. Shown in FIGS. 12A-13B is the coverage of a number of feeder and service spot beam regions 225, 205. In this embodiment, a satellite 215 reuses frequency bands by isolating antenna directivity to certain regions of a country (e.g., United States, Canada or Brazil). As shown in FIG. 13A, there is complete geographic exclusivity between the feeder and service spot beams 205, 225. But that is not the case for FIG. 13B where there may in some instances be service spot beam overlap (e.g., 205-c, 205-d, 205-e), while there is no overlap in other areas. However, with overlap, there are certain interference issues that may inhibit frequency band re-use in the overlapping regions. A four color pattern allows avoiding interference even where there is some overlap between neighboring service beams 205.
Referring next to FIG. 14, an embodiment of a downstream channel 800 is shown. The downstream channel 800 includes a series of superframes 804 in succession, where each superframe 804 may have the same size or may vary in size. This embodiment divides a superframe 804 into a number of virtual channels 808(1−n). The virtual channels 808(1−n) in each superframe 804 can be the same size or different sizes. The size of the virtual channels 808(1−n) can change between different superframes 804. Different coding can be optionally used for the various virtual channels 808 (1−n). In some embodiments, the virtual channels are as short as one symbol in duration.
With reference to FIG. 15, an embodiment of an upstream channel 900 is shown. This embodiment uses MF-TDMA, but other embodiments can use CDMA, OFDM, or other access schemes. The upstream channel 900 has 500 MHz of total bandwidth in one embodiment. The total bandwidth is divided into m frequency sub-channels , which may differ in bandwidth, modulation, coding, etc. and may also vary in time based on system needs.
Referring to FIG. 16, an embodiment of a channel diagram is shown. Only the channels for a single feeder spot beam 225 and a single service spot beam 205 are shown, but embodiments include many of each spot beam 225, 205 (e.g., various embodiments could have 60, 80, 100, 120, etc. of each type of spot beam 225, 205). The forward channel 800 includes n virtual channels 808 traveling from the gateway antenna 110 to the service spot beam 205. Each subscriber terminal 130 may be allocated one or more of the virtual channels 808. m MF-TDMA channels 912 make up the return channel 900 between the subscriber terminal (ST) antennas 1125 and the feeder spot beam 225.
With reference to FIG. 204, an embodiment of a SMTS 310 is shown in block diagram form. Baseband processing is done for the inbound and outbound links by a number of geographically separated gateways. Each SMTS 310 is generally divided into two sections, specifically, the downstream portion 305 to send information to the satellite and the upstream portion 315 to receive information from the satellite 105.
Appendix A Very High-Speed Broadband Satellite Communication
Turning to FIG. 1B, a block diagram is shown illustrating an alternative embodiment of a satellite communication system 100. This communication system 100 may, for example, comprise the system 100 of FIG. 1A, but is in this instance described with greater particularity. In this embodiment, the gateway 115 includes a Satellite Modem Termination System (SMTS), which is based at least in part on the Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Standard (DOCSIS). The SMTS in this embodiment includes a bank of modulators and demodulators for transmitting signals to and receiving signals from subscriber terminals 130. The SMTS in the gateway 115 performs the real-time scheduling of the signal traffic through the satellite 105, and provides the interfaces for the connection to the network 120. In this embodiment, the subscriber terminals 135 use portions of DOCSIS-based modem circuitry, as well. Therefore, DOCSIS-based resource management, protocols, and schedulers may be used by the SMTS for efficient provisioning of messages. DOCSIS-based components may be modified, in various embodiments, to be adapted for use therein. Thus, certain embodiments may utilize certain parts of the DOCSIS specifications, while customizing others.
There are often spare gateway terminals 210 in a given feeder spot beam 225. The spare gateway terminal 210-5 can substitute for the primary gateway terminal 210-4 should the primary gateway terminal 210-4 fail to function properly. Additionally, the spare can be used when the primary is impaired by weather. Referring next to FIG. 8, an embodiment of a downstream channel 800 is shown. The downstream channel 800 includes a series of superframes 804 in succession, where each superframe 804 may have the same size or may vary in size. This embodiment divides a superframe 804 into a number of virtual channels 808(1−n). The virtual channels 808(1−n) in each superframe 804 can be the same size or different sizes. The size of the virtual channels 808(1−n) can change between different superframes 804. Different coding can be optionally used for the various virtual channels 808 (1−n). In some embodiments, the virtual channels are as short as one symbol in duration.
Referring next to FIG. 10, an embodiment of a gateway transmitter 1000 is shown. The downstream channels 800 are received at their intermediate frequencies from the SMTS 310. With separate pathways, each downstream channel 800 is up-converted 1004 using two different carrier frequencies. A power amplifier 1008 increases the amplitude of the forward channel 900 before coupling to the antenna 110. The antenna 110 polarizes the separate signals to keep the four forward channels 800 distinct as they are passed to the satellite 105. With reference to FIG. 4, an embodiment of a SMTS 310 is shown in block diagram form. Baseband processing is done for the inbound and outbound links 135, 140 by a number of geographically separated gateways 115. Each SMTS 310 is generally divided into two sections, specifically, the downstream portion 305 to send information to the satellite 105 and the upstream portion 315 to receive information from the satellite 105.
A variety of modulation and coding techniques may be used at the subscriber terminal 130 for signals received from and transmitted to a satellite. In this embodiment, modulation techniques include BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, 32PSK. In other embodiments, additional modulation techniques may include ASK, FSK, MFSK, and QAM, as well as a variety of analog techniques. The demodulator 710 may demodulate the down-converted signals, forwarding the demodulated virtual channel 808 to a filter 706 to strip out the data intended for the particular subscriber terminal 130 from other information in the virtual channel 808. Once the information destined for the particular subscriber terminal 130 is isolated, a downstream protocol converter 718 translates the protocol used for the satellite link into one that the DOCSIS MAC block 726 uses. Alternative embodiments could use a WiMAX MAC block or a combination DOCSIS/WiMAX block. A Rx buffer 712 is used to convert the high-speed received burst into a lower-speed stream that the DOCSIS MAC block 726 can process. The DOCSIS MAC block 726 is a circuit that receives a DOCSIS stream and manages it for the CPE 160. Tasks such as provisioning, bandwidth management, access control, quality of service, etc. are managed by the DOCSIS MAC block 726. The CPE can often interface with the DOCSIS MAC block 726 using Ethernet, WiFi, USB and/or other standard interfaces. In some embodiments, a WiMax block 726 could be used instead of a DOCSIS MAC block 726 to allow use of the WiMax protocol.
The controller 715, along with the other components of the subscriber terminal 130, may be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or a general purpose processor adapted to perform the applicable functions. Alternatively, the functions of the subscriber terminal 130 may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores), on one or more integrated circuits. In other embodiments, other types of integrated circuits may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and other Semi-Custom ICs), which may be programmed in any manner known in the art. The controller may be programmed to access memory unit (not shown). It may fetch instructions and other data from the memory unit, or write data to the memory-unit. As noted above, data may also be transmitted from the CPE 160 through the subscriber terminal 130 and up to a satellite 105 in various communication signals. The CPE 160, therefore, may transmit data to DOCSIS MAC block 726 for conversion to the DOCSIS protocol before that protocol is translated with an upstream protocol converter 722. The slow-rate data waits in the Tx buffer 716 until it is burst over the satellite link.
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Classification709/203, 709/224, 370/230, 709/228, 370/236International ClassificationG06F, H04J1/16, H04J99/00, G06F15/16Cooperative ClassificationH04L47/25, H04L47/13, H04L47/12, H04L47/10, H04B7/18543European ClassificationH04L47/10, H04L47/12, H04L47/13, H04L47/25, H04B7/185M6DLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJan 11, 2007ASAssignmentOwner name: VIASAT, INC., CALIFORNIAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HART, STEVEN R.;MILLER, MARK J.;PATEROS, CHARLES N.;REEL/FRAME:018744/0681;SIGNING DATES FROM 20061222 TO 20070103Owner name: VIASAT, INC.,CALIFORNIAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HART, STEVEN R.;MILLER, MARK J.;PATEROS, CHARLES N.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20061222 TO 20070103;REEL/FRAME:018744/0681May 9, 2012ASAssignmentOwner name: UNION BANK, N.A., CALIFORNIAFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:VIASAT, INC.;REEL/FRAME:028184/0152Effective date: 20120509Jul 19, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal 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