Source: https://www.scandiagear.com/quality/norms-and-standards/
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The CE marking indicates compliance with fundamental health and safety requirements for European Directive 89/686.
The directive divides PPE into three categories, each subject to a different conformity evaluation system:
• Category 1: the manufacturer drafts a technical file and affixes the CE marking without the intervention of an external notified body.
• Category 2: the manufacturer affixes the CE marking after the notified body has performed a type examination on the basis of a technical file.
• Category 3: after the type examination, a notified body conducts a periodic inspection. Manufacturers decide whether the inspection system focuses on product sampling or on an audit of the quality system. Following inspection, the CE marking and the number of the notified body that conducted the inspection must be affixed to the product.
The European Commission describes the CE marking as a "passport" that allows manufacturers to circulate industrial products freely within the internal market of the EU. The CE marking certifies that products have met EU health, safety, and environmental requirements that ensure consumer and workplace safety. All manufacturers in the EU and abroad must affix the CE marking to products covered by the "New Approach" directives to market their products in Europe. Once a product receives a CE marking, it can be marketed throughout the EU without modification.
Most products covered by New Approach Directives can be self-certified by the manufacturer and do not require review by EU-authorized independent testing/certifying companies (i.e., Notified Bodies). To self-certify, the manufacturer must assess the conformity of the products with applicable directives and standards. While the use of EU harmonized standards is voluntary, in practice the use of EU standards is the best way to meet the requirements of the CE marking directives. This is because the standards offer specific guidelines and tests to meet safety requirements, while the directives, general in nature, do not.
The manufacturer may affix the CE marking to their products following the preparation of a declaration of conformity, which indicates that the product meets applicable requirements. Manufacturers must maintain a technical file to prove conformity and they, or their authorized representatives, must provide this together with the declaration of conformity when requested by EU authorities.
If a directive requires the involvement of a Notified Body in the conformity assessment procedure, its identification number must be displayed behind the CE logo. Doing this is the responsibility of the Notified Body.
CE marking is mandatory for certain product groups within the European Economic Area (EEA; the 28 member states of the EU plus EFTA countries Iceland, Norway, and Liechtenstein) plus Switzerland and Turkey. The manufacturer of products made within the EEA and the importer of goods made in other countries must ensure that CE-marked goods conform to all applicable standards.
By affixing the CE marking on a product, a manufacturer is declaring, at its sole responsibility, conformity with all of the legal requirements to achieve CE marking that will permit the free movement and sale of the product throughout the EEA.
(EN 13688:2013 supersedes EN 340:2004.)
This standard specifies general performance requirements for ergonomics, innocuousness, size designation, aging, compatibility, and marking of protective clothing and the information to be provided by the manufacturer with the protective clothing.
EN 340 is a reference standard and should be used in combination with other standards indicating requirements for specific performance.
More detailed requirements for protective clothing include:
• Innocuousness of the materials for the wearer.
• Sizing is based on height, chest and waist circumferences, is standardized in accordance with EN 3635, and is detailed in the sizing pictogram that is included on each product’s label.
Instructions for the wearer must be written in the official language of the country to which the products are being shipped and must include the following information:
d) A pictogram showing the hazard the product is designed to protect the wearer against and the product’s performance level
f) Information for the wearer specifying safety checks that must be conducted prior use, the purpose and limitations of the product (e.g. how long the product can be used in specific working conditions), and storage, maintenance, and cleaning instructions
(EN 342:2004 supersedes EN 342:1998 and EN 342:2000.)
Protection against temperatures lower than -5ºC
A: (U) Icler – basic thermal insulation for light / medium duty tasks
B: (U) Icler – thermal insulation while standing still
C: Air permeability (3 levels, where 3 is best)
D: Water penetration resistance (2 levels, where 2 is best)
(EN 343:2003/A1:2007 supersedes EN 343:2003.)
Protection against water penetration and water vapor:
• X: Water penetration (3 levels, where 3 is best)
• Y: Water vapor / breathability (3 levels, where 3 is best)
EN 381-5 - Protective clothing for users of hand held saws - Part 5: Requirements for leg protectors
This standard specifies three types or designs of leg protection (e.g., types A, B, and C differentiated by the kind and areas of protection) for those using handheld chainsaws.
Type A – provides partial protection for both feet, with protective coverage starting 5 cm from the bottom of the leg to at least 20 cm above the escapement seam and extending 5 cm to the inside of the right leg and 5 cm to the outer side of the left leg.
Type B – provides an additional 5 cm of protection on the inside of the left leg.
Type C – covers the entire foot beginning more than 5 cm from the bottom of the leg to at least 20 cm above the front side seam step and to at least 50 cm below the rear of the stepper stitch.
This norm specifies 4 classes that correspond to the chain speeds used in tests:
• Class 0 : 16 m/s
• Class 1 : 20 m/s
• Class 2 : 24 m/s
• Class 3 : 28 m/s
EN 469:2005 - Protective clothing for firefighters - Performance requirements for protective clothing for firefighting
(EN 469:2005 supersedes EN 469:1995, EN 469:2006 and will be replaced by EN 469:2015 Development.)
This EU standard specifies the minimum performance requirements for protective clothing worn during firefighting operations and associated activities (e.g. rescue work, assistance during disasters). The standard outlines general clothing design, the minimum performance levels of the materials used, and the test methods used to determine these performance levels. The required performance levels may be achieved by the use of one or more garments. In addition, the standard covers the event of an accidental splash of chemical or flammable liquids but does not cover special clothing for use in other high-risk situations (e.g., reflective protective clothing) nor does it cover protection for the head, hands, and feet and protection against other hazards (e.g., chemical, biological, radiological, and electrical hazards and the hazards encountered during chemical and gas cleaning operations).
The following information must be provided on product labels (note: a higher number indicates better performance):
• The EU standard’s number and year
• The layers of clothing to be used for protection
• Pictogram (see figure)
• If applicable, maximum number of washes before material must be reimpregnated
Pictogram, accompanied by:
• Flame heat transfer index (Xf1 or Xf2)
• Radiant heat transfer index (Xr1 or Xr2)
• Water penetration resistance (Y1 or Y2)
• Water vapour resistance (Z1 or Z2)
This standard details test methods and performance requirements for clothing designed to enhance the wearer’s visibility in poor and low lighting, during bad weather, and in locations with mechanical hazards. Requirements include very bright colours (e.g., fluorescents) and retroreflective features (i.e., those with high reflectivity).
Design specifications include the minimum required retroreflective surface areas and the configuration of those areas.
• X = classification of the fluorescent and retroreflective material
Classes 1 to 3 (in which 3 is the highest)
• Y = classification of the retroreflective material’s quality
Level 1 and 2 (in which 2 is the best)
EN 1149-5:2008 specifies material and design requirements for electrostatic dissipative clothing that is worn as part of a total earthed system for protection against incendiary discharges.
Please note that this standard does not encompass protections against hazards associated with mains voltages and oxygen enriched workspaces.
There are 2 different test methods in EN 1149-5:
• EN1149-1: 1995 measurement of surface resistivity (surface resistance)
• EN1149-3: 2000 measurement of charge decay
EN ISO 11612 - Protective clothing - Clothing to protect against heat and flame
(EN ISO 11612 supersedes EN 531:1995.)
Protection against limited heat and fire, radiation, molten cast.
Markings as followed:
• A1: Limited flame spread – surface ignition
• A2: Limited flame spread – edge ignition
• B: Against convective heat (5 levels)
• C: Against radiant heat (4 levels)
• D: Against molten aluminum (3 levels)
• E: Against molten cast iron (3 levels)
• F: Against contact heat (3 levels)
EN 13758-2:2003+A1:2006 - UV protective apparel
This standard specifies the requirements for marking clothing designed to provide the wearer with protection against solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Garments marked according to EN13758-2 provide UVA + UVB protection against harmful UV rays. Prolonged exposure to the sun can cause skin damage. Wearing protective apparel designed in accordance with this standard reduces the dangers caused by UV exposure. While this apparel protects against UV radiation wearing this apparel does not guarantee protection in all conditions. Note that only areas covered by this apparel are protected and that the protection offered by this apparel may reduce with use, if stretched, or if wet. UV protective apparel should be cared for according to instructions inside each garment.
UPF Range* Protection % UV Blocking Labelling levels
15 - 24 Good 93,3 - 95,8 % 15,20
25 - 39 Very good 96 - 97,4 % 25,30,35
40 - 50+ Excellent 97,5 - 98+ % 40,45,50,50+
EN 14058 - Protection against cold - Garments for protection in cool environments
(EN 14058:2004 supersedes EN 14058:2000.)
This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for evaluating the performance of single garments that provide protection against the cooling of the wearer’s body in areas where the air temperature can be as low as -5 °C. The standard does not include specific requirements for headwear, footwear, or gloves.
A “cool environment” is characterized by a combination of humidity, wind, and temperatures as low as
-5°C. Some garments provide adequate protection against local body cooling (for ensembles, see EN 342) relative to the length of the wearer’s exposure to the cold, the wearer’s physiology, the composition of the wearer’s overall outfit, and specific environmental features (e.g., wind speed, temperature, humidity).
At moderate to low temperatures, garments that protect against local body cooling can be used for outdoor and indoor activities. In these instances, garments need not be made of watertight or air impermeable materials; these requirements are, then, optional for this standard. EN 14058 defines 1 criterion to ensure the proper functioning of protective clothing against the hazards of cool environments:
Thermal resistance (Rct) represents a quantity specific to textiles and indicates the amount of dry heat that can pass through a textile layer in a steady state condition as a result of a temperature gradient.
Performance requirements for air permeability (AP), resistance to water penetration (WP), and thermal insulation are optional and measured with the same criteria as EN 342.
a: thermal resistance (Rct), classes 1 – 3
b: air permeability, classes 1 – 3 (optional)
c: water penetration resistance classes 1 – 2 (optional)
d: thermal insulation value Icle in m²K/W (optional)
e: thermal insulation value Icle in m²K/W (optional)
EN ISO 14116 - Protective clothing - Protection against heat and flame spread
(EN ISO 14116 supersedes EN 533:1996.)
Protection clothing of limited spread materials, material assemblies
Classification as followed:
• Index 1: hole may be formed, no flame spread, no flaming debris
• Index 2: no hole formation, no flame spread, no flaming debris, after flame / glow time > 2 seconds
• Index 3: no hole formation, no flame spread, no flaming debris, after flame / glow time < 2 seconds
EN ISO 15025:2000 - Protective clothing - Protection against heat and flame - Test Methods for limited flame spread
This standard, superseded by ISO 15025:2016, specifies the methods for measuring the limited flame spread properties of vertically-oriented textiles and industrial products in the form of single or multi-component fabrics (e.g., coated, quilted, multilayered, sandwich constructions, and similar combinations) when subjected to a small, intense flame. These test methods are not appropriate for materials that melt or shrink extensively.
These methods include two procedures:
•Position the burner perpendicular to the surface of the test fabric
•Align the axis of the burner 20mm above the line of the lower pins
•Adjust the horizontal reach of the flame to 25 mm
•Test six specimens of fabric
Procedure B: bottom edge ignition
•Position the burner below the test specimen
•Adjust inclination to a 30° angle and flame height to 40 mm
After 10 seconds of ignition, the lab must note:
1. whether the flame reaches any edge of the test fabric
2. the after flame time
3. whether afterglow spreads to the undamaged area
4. the afterglow time
5. the occurrence of debris
6. whether a hole develops
EN 20471:2013 - High-visibility clothing
(EN 20471:2013 supersedes EN 471:2003/A1:2008.)
In contrast to EN 471, ISO 20471 has one value (x), which indicates the class of the product. Since reflection is featured only in the highest class, the value (y) expires in ISO 20471. High-visibility clothing requirements increase visibility during the day, twilight, in the dark, and in poor weather conditions. High-visibility clothing has a fluorescent surface and retroreflective material that meet the certification requirements of three different classes. The applicable performance class can be obtained using a single garment or a clothing ensemble (e.g., jacket and trousers). Performance requirements are included for colour, retroreflection, and minimum HV surface area. The standard also includes direction concerning where to place HV features on protective clothing.
• X: ratio of fluorescent background material to retroreflective material (3 levels, where 3 is best)
• Class F – High daytime visibility fluorescent material/ fabric.
• Class F (W) – High daytime visibility fluorescent material that has met both the requirements for Class F material and an optional wet weather test.
• Class R – Retro-reflective material for use in garments used in low-light conditions.
• Class RF – Combined performance retro-reflective/fluorescent material that meets the requirements of Class R and the daytime colour of Class F.
• Class NF – High daytime visibility non-fluorescent material.
AS/NZS 4399:1996 - Sun protective clothing - Evaluation and classification
Protective clothing that provides protection against solar ultraviolet radiation exposure (UVA and UVB).This means that the clothing’s fabric blocks more than 98% of harmful UV radiation.
UPF levels:
• UPF 15,20 = Good protection
• UPF 25,30,35 = Very good protection
• UPF 40, 45, 50, 50+ = Excellent Protection
NFPA 70E helps companies and employees avoid workplace injuries and fatalities due to shock, electrocution, arc flash, and arc blast. Employees’ equipment contains flame-resistant clothing, which meets the requirements of ASTM F1506.
The NFPA 70E standard provides tables of common electrical tasks, which are assigned one of five Hazard Risk Categories (HRC 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4). Each HRC category has a minimum arc rating for protective clothing measured in cal/cm² plus other PPE requirements.
Arc Thermal Performance Value (ATPV), a value of the energy necessary to pass through any given fabric to cause with 50% probability a second- or third- degree burn. This value is measured in calories/cm². ATPV indicates the level of protection provided by flame-resistant clothing as measured in cal/cm²: the higher the ARC rating, the greater the protection.
Hazard Risk Category (HRC) is the level of arc flash protection clothing you must wear to protect against a minimum level of incident energy measured in calories per centimetre squared.
NFPA 2112:2012 - Standard on Flame-Resistant Garments for Protection of Industrial Personnel Against Flash Fire
Standard for Flame-Resistant (FR) Garments for Protection of Industrial Personnel against Flash Fire
This standard specifies the minimum performance requirements and test methods for FR fabrics and components and the design and certification requirements for garments developed to protect workers from a flash fire hazard. It requires FR fabrics to pass a comprehensive number of thermal tests.
• ASTM D6413 - Vertical Flammability Test – maximum 2.0 seconds after flame and 4.0 inch char length.
• ASTM F1930 - Thermal Mannequin Test - maximum predicted body burn after 3.0 second thermal exposure.
• ASTM F2700 - Heat Transfer Performance (HTP) test - minimum HTP of 6.0 cal/cm2 spaced and 3.0 cal/cm2 contact.
• Thermal Stability Test - fabric must not melt or drip, separate or ignite after 2.0 minutes in a 260° C (500° F) oven.
• AATCC 135 - Thermal Shrinkage Test - fabric must not shrink more than 10% after 5.0 minutes in a 260° C (500° F) oven.
EN 374-2: 2014 Gloves that provide protection against dangerous chemicals and microorganisms – Part 2: Determining resistance to penetration
EN 374-2:2014 specifies the test methods for determining the penetration resistance of gloves that protect against dangerous chemicals and microorganisms. The microorganism pictogram indicates that glove is waterproof, resistant to microorganisms, and an effective barrier against the liquids that harbor microorganisms. Protection levels assigned to EN 374-2 gloves range from 1 to 3, with 1 being the lowest and 3 being the highest (e.g., gloves assigned a protection rating of 1 are waterproof while gloves with ratings of 2 and 3 provide protection against microorganisms).
• Minimum liquid proof section: the size of this section of the glove must equal the length specified in EN 420.
• Penetration: a glove must not leak when subjected to an air and/or water leak test and must be evaluated against the acceptable quality level (AQL).
Performance level AQL unit Inspection levels
EN 374-3: 2003 Gloves providing protection against chemicals and microorganisms – Part 3: Determination of resistance to permeation by chemicals
This standard specifies the methods used to determine the resistance of protective glove materials to permeation by potentially hazardous non-gaseous chemicals that the glove has been in continuous contact with. Since these test methods do not endeavor to replicate conditions likely to be found on worksites, use of the results from these tests should be restricted to general comparisons of materials’ durability (e.g., breakthrough times). Gloves with the chemical resistant symbol have attained a level 2 protection score in the EN 374-2 test (see EN 374-2) in which gloves must achieve the same protection scores when exposed to water and any three of the following chemicals:
C Acetonenitrile 75-05-8 Nitrile compound
D Dichloromethane 75-9-2 Chlorinated paraffin
F Toluene 108-88-3 Aromatic hyrdrocarbon
H Tetrhydrofuran (THF) 109-99-9 Heterocyclic and ethereal
Permeation: Each chemical tested is classified according to its breakthrough time (i.e., performance levels 0 to 6)
Measured breakthrough time Production index Measured breakthrough time Protection index
>10 mitues Class 1 >120 minutes Class 4
>30 minutes Class 2 >240 minutes Class 5
>60 minutes Class 3 >480 minutes Class 6
EN 407 Gloves providing protection against thermal risks (heat and/or fire)
EN 407:2004 specifies the requirements, test methods, information to be supplied, and marking for gloves that provide protection against heat and/or fire. This should be used for gloves that protect the hands against heat and/or flames in one or more of the following forms: fire, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small splashes, and large quantities of molten metal. This standard is applicable only in conjunction with EN420. Product tests may indicate performance levels but not protection levels.
The nature and degree of protection is shown by a pictogram followed by a series of six performance levels that relate to specific protective qualities. The higher the number, the better the test result. The following product features are those tested relative to the specifications of this standard:
A: Resistance to flammability (performance level 0-4)
The glove’s material is stretched and lit with a gas flame. The flame is held against the material for 15 seconds. After the flame is distinguished, the time that the material glows or burns is measured.
B: Resistance to contact heat (performance level 0-4)
The glove’s material is exposed to temperatures between 100°C and 500°C to determine the amount of time required for the material on the inside of the glove to increase by 10°C from the starting temperature (approx. 25°C). 15 seconds is the minimum accepted length of time for approval. For example: to be marked with class 2, the glove’s inside material must withstand 250°C heat for 15 seconds before the material exceeds 35°C.
C: Resistance to convective heat (performance level 0-4)
The glove is placed in contact with a gas flame (80Kw/kvm) to determine the amount of time required to increase the temperature of a glove’s inside material by 24°C.
A score is indicated only if the sample obtains a performance level of 3 or 4 in the flammability test.
D: Resistance to radiant heat (performance level 0-4)
The glove’s material is stretched in front of a heat source with an effect of 20-40 kw/kvm to measure the average time for 2.5 kw/kvm of heat penetration.
E: Resistance to small splashes of molten metal (performance level 0-4)
This test is used to determine the number of drops of molten metal that will increase the temperature between the inside of the glove and the wearer’s skin by 40°C.
F: Resistance to large splashes of molten metal (performance level 0-4)
After simulated skin is affixed to the inside of the sample glove. Molten metal is then poured over the glove to determine what quantity will damage the simulated skin. If molten metal droplets remain stuck to the glove or if the glove ignites, the sample glove will receive a score of 0.
A Burning behavior – after-burn time ≤ 20 s ≤ 10 s ≤ 3 s ≤ 2 s
A Burning behavior – afterglow time no requirement ≤ 120 s ≤ 25 s ≤ 5 s
B Contact heat – contact temperature 100°C 250°C 350°C 500°C
B Contact heat – threshold time ≥ 15 ≥ 15 ≥ 15 ≥ 15
C Convective heat (heat transfer delay) ≤ 4 s ≤ 7 s ≤ 10 s ≤18 s
D Radiant heat (heat transfer delay) ≤ 7 s ≤ 20 s ≤ 50 s ≤ 95 s
E Drops of molten metal (number of drops) ≥ 10 ≥ 15 ≥ 25 ≥ 35
F Large quantity of molten metal (mass) 30 g 60 g 120 g 200 g
≥ = greater than or equal to | ≤ = less than or equal to l
X indicates that the test is not applicable
EN 659:2003+A1:2008 - Protective gloves for firefighters
This European Standard defines the minimum performance requirements and test methods for firefighters’ protective gloves and applies only to gloves that protect the wearer’s hands during normal firefighting operations (e.g., search and rescue). While these gloves are not intended for the deliberate handling of liquid chemicals, they do provide some protection against accidental contact. Protective gloves designed for specific firefighting operations are excluded from the scope of this standard.
Firefighters’ protective gloves must conform to the general requirements of EN 420, excluding minimum glove lengths (see Table 1 below).
If parts of the palm and/or parts of the back of the glove are made from different materials, these materials must be tested separately. In instances where the sample size is significantly larger than the part of the glove being tested, the manufacturer must supply samples of the materials in question. After each thermal test, the material used for the innermost lining must be visually inspected. If there is evidence of melting, the glove will have failed the test.
Fits Hand size 6 Hand size 7 Hand size 8 Hand size 9 Hand size 10 Hand size 11
Minimum length of glove (mm) 260 270 280 290 305 315
EN 659:2003+A1:2008 - implies the following performance levels
Property Minimum performance level Norm
Abrasion resistance Level 3 (2000 cycles), palm EN 388
Cut resistance Level 2 (index 2,5), palm/back of the hand EN 388
Tear resistance Level 3 (50N), palm EN 388
Puncture resistance Level 3 (100N), palm EN 388
Burning resistance Level 4 After flame time ≤ 2s After glow time ≤ 5s EN 407
Convection heat resistance Level 3 (HTI24 ≥ 13), palm/back of the hand EN367 / EN 407
Radiant heat resistance RHTI24 at heat flux 40 kW/m2 ≥ 20 sec, back of the hand EN 6942
Contact heat resistance At least 10 sec at 250°C, palm (dry/humid environment) EN 702
Heat resistance of lining Material must not melt, burst into flames, drop away at temperature of 180°C ISO 17493
Shrinkage due to heat Max 5% at a temperature of 180 °C (length/width) ISO 17493
Dexterity Level 1 EN 420
Strength of seams Min 350 N EN 13935-2
Time to take the glove off Max 3 sec (dry/humid environment EN 15383
Resistance to water penetration 1-4 = optional test EN 15383/ EN 20811
Test for intactness of the entire glove Optional EN 15383
Resistance to penetration of liquid chemicals Optional (no chemicals may penetrate for 10s) EN 6530
EN 12477 - Protective gloves for welders
This International Standard describes the design specifications for gloves that provide hand and wrist protection for welding and for similar work and should be referred to in conjunction with EN 388 and EN 407. This standard is applicable only in combination with EN 420, excluding that standard’s specifications concerning minimum glove length. Welding gloves must provide protection against mechanical hazards as well as small splashes of molten metal, short contact exposure to limited flame, short exposure to convective heat, against UV radiant heat from arc and against contact heat.
According to their comparative performance levels, protective gloves for welders are divided into two categories:
Type A = gloves that provide a high degree of protection against heat but are less flexible
Type B = gloves that provide a lower degree of protection against heat but are more flexible
Marking conforms to specifications in EN 420 and to the pictograms in EN 388 and EN 407.
Table – Minimum lengths in mm for welding gloves:
Minimum length of glove (mm) 300 310 320 330 340 350
Table – EN 388 minimum mechanical performance levels:
EN388 Type A Type B
Abrasion resistance 2 1
Cut resistance 1 1
Tear resistance 2 1
Puncture resistance 2 1
Table – EN 407 minimum thermal performance levels:
EN 407 Type A Type B
Burning behaviour 3 (3s / 25s) 2 (10s / 120s)
Contact heat resistance 1 (100⁰C / 15s) 1 (100⁰ / 15s)C
Convection heat resistance 2 (7s) -
Drops of molten metal (number of drops) 3 (25 drops) 2 (15 drops)
Lining will be checked after each thermal test and must not melt.
Glove material must not ignite when in contact with drops of molten metal.
Protective gloves should be individually packaged. This packaging must be durable enough to protect the gloves against damages that may occur during shipment (e.g., prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, excessive moisture, temperatures above and below room temperature). Furthermore, the protective gloves’ safety markings must be displayed prominently on the packaging.
ANSI/ISEA 105-2011: Clause 5.1: Mechanical protection
This ANSI details the methods for testing and classifying hand protection designed for use against industrial chemical hazards.
The tests measure resistance to cuts, punctures, and abrasions:
• Cut resistance: levels 1-5
• Puncture resistance: levels 1-5
• Abrasion resistance: level 1-6
1 is the lowest level; 5 and 6 are the highest levels
ANSI/ISEA 105-2011: Clause 5.6: Dexterity
1 is the lowest level; 5 is the highest level
ASTM D120 - Standard Specification for Insulating Gloves Made of Rubber
This standard describes manufacturing and testing processes for insulating gloves made of rubber designed to protect wearers from electrical shock and defines the minimum electrical, chemical, and physical properties of voltage-rated gloves.
ASTM requires gloves to be manufactured within similar hand dimensions, plus or minus ½” per measurement. This allowance provides manufacturers with the opportunity to select a set of unique dimensions.
Two types of gloves are detailed in this standard:
Type I: non-resistant to ozoneType II: resistant to ozone
Six classes of gloves, differentiated by their electrical characteristics, are detailed in this:
The following tests must be performed:
AC proof testAC breakdown testAC moisture absorption/proof testDC proof testDC breakdown testOzone resistance testChemical testsTensile strengthTear resistance testPuncture resistance test
Electrical safety gloves are categorized by their capacity to provide voltage protection and to provide a resistance to ozone. To select the proper level of hand protection, use the chart below to determine the maximum voltage that the wearer will be exposed to during work. Each glove class is clearly marked with the maximum use voltage on the permanent color-coded label.
Class Test AC Volts Use AC Volts Test DC Volts Use DC Volts Label Color
00 2500 500 10000 750 Beige
0 5000 1000 20000 1500 Red
1 10000 7500 40000 11250 White
2 20000 17000 50000 25500 Yellow
3 30000 26500 60000 39750 Green
4 40000 36000 70000 54000 Orange
Voltage rated gloves should always be purchased with leather protectors and a storage container.
To protect the wearer properly, a glove system consists of:
Rubber insulating gloves – classified by the level of voltage protection they provide.
Liner gloves – reduce the discomfort of insulating gloves made of rubber. Liners provide warmth in cold temperatures and absorb perspiration during work in warmer temperatures. They can have a straight cuff or knitted wrist.
Leather protector gloves – worn over insulating gloves made of rubber to protect against cuts, abrasions, and punctures.
In the ASTM standards specifying the characteristics of leather protector gloves, there are regulations concerning how much of the rubber glove can be exposed at the top (i.e., near the cuff.) Due to this, certain leather protector gloves are used with specific classes of rubber gloves according to their length (see below). Note: these protectors are not interchangeable with different classes of rubber gloves.
Class 00 & 0 must have no less than a ½” gap between the top of the glove and the top of the leather protector.Class 1 must have no less than a 1” gap between the top of the glove and the top of the leather protector.Class 2 must have no less than a 2” gap between the top of the glove and the top of the leather protector.Class 3 must have no less than a 3” gap between the top of the glove and the top of the leather protector.Class 4 must have no less than a 4” gap between the top of the glove and the top of the leather protector.
Marking requirements on label:
Size, Manufacturer, ANSI/ASTM standard, Country of origin, Class, Type, Max Use Volt AC/ ColorCuff design, Length
Gloves should be worn within 12 months of their test date to ensure full protection against specified hazards. Unused gloves may be retested and, pending recertification, should be used within 12 months.
EN 12568 - Foot and leg protectors: Requirements and test methods for toecaps and penetration-resistant inserts
NEN-EN-ISO 12568:2010: This international standard describes the requirements and test methods for toecaps and penetration-resistant inserts
This European Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for toecaps and inserts that provide resistance against mechanical penetration and function as components of PPE footwear (e.g. as described by EN ISO 20345, EN ISO 20346, and EN ISO 20347).
Types of toecaps:
• Internal toecap – a toecap that is incorporated into the footwear and positioned underneath the upper
• External toecap- a toecap that is incorporated into the footwear and positioned on top of the upper
Toecaps must be clearly and permanently marked with the following information:
a) Toecap size (5 up to and including 10)
c) Manufacturer's identification mark
e) S or 200 J (for safety toecaps)
P or 100 J (for protective toecaps)
f) The number of this standard
a) Insert size
b) Manufacturer's identification mark
c) Manufacturer's type designation
d) The number of this standard
NOTE: embossed marking is acceptable
EN 13832-2:2006 - Footwear protecting against chemicals – Part 2: Requirements for footwear’s resistance to chemicals under laboratory conditions
EN 13832-2: 2006 this standard specifies the requirements for footwear that protects the wearer against specific chemicals. This standard does not apply to footwear with leather outsoles.
Part 2 of EN 13832 affords footwear designers greater flexibility than part 3 by not restricting the choice of material types, save the exclusion of designs with leather outsoles, and by allowing ankle boot styles to be evaluated in testing.
EN 13832-2:2006 details the degradation testing procedure only. Footwear in compliance with this standard resists degradation by at least 2 of the following chemicals:
EN 20345:2011 - Personal protective equipment - Safety footwear
(EN 20345:2011 supersedes EN 20345:2007.)
This international standard details basic and additional (i.e., optional) requirements for general-purpose safety footwear (e.g., mechanical risks, slip resistance, thermal risks, and ergonomic design) and for footwear designed for specific professions and worksite conditions (e.g. footwear for firefighters, electrical insulating footwear, protection against chainsaw injuries, protection against chemicals and molten metal splash, protection for motorcyclists).
Safety footwear that complies with EN 20345 is fitted with toecaps to ensure protection against impact when tested at an energy level of at least 200 J and against compression when tested at a compression load of at least 15 kN.
• Class I: footwear made from leather and other materials, excluding all-rubber and all-polymeric footwear (S1, S2, and S3)
• Class II: all-rubber (i.e. entirely vulcanised), all-polymeric (manufactured in one piece), and hybrid (S4, S5, and SBH = polymeric footwear with another material that extends the upper) footwear
Marking categories for safety shoes:
SB I or II Basic requirements for shoes and impact resistance of toecaps; toe protection against a 200 Joule impact.
SB-P Same features as the SB rating withg the addition of the midsole penetration protection this can be a stainless steel insert in the sole, aluminum insert in the sole or by kevlar insole.
S1 I With protective toecap, closed heels, antistatic properties, energy absorption in heel region, fuel oil-resistant. Use in dry working conditions.
S1-P Same as S1 plus penetration resistance
S2 I Same as S1 plus water penetration and water absorption (waterproof shaft up to 60 minutes). Use in humid/wet working conditions.
S3 I Same as S2 plus penetration resistance and cleated outsole.
S4 II Boots with protective toecap, antistatic properties, energy adsorption in heel region and liquid-tight.
S5 II Same as S4 plus penetration resistance and cleated outsole.
SBH II Same as S4 or S5
CI Cold insulation of sole complex (footwear with
FO Resistance to fuel oil
Requirements for slip-resistant footwear (e.g., resistance to slips, trips and falls):
EN 136:1998 - Respiratory protective devices - Full face masks
This standard specifies the minimum requirements for full face mask respiratory protective devices. Full face masks for diving apparatuses are not included in the scope of this standard. Laboratory and practical performance tests are included in these requirements' compliance assessments. A mask is a full face piece that covers the eyes, nose, mouth, and chin and that provides the wearer with respiratory protection in the form of an appropriate seal against specific atmospheric conditions and airborne hazards. Respirators and masks are manufactured in natural rubber, EPDM, and silicone and are available in designs and with filters that conform to a variety of safety standards (e.g., EN 141, EN 143, and EN 371).
This standard covers three types of full-face masks, all provide the same level of respiratory protection but have differences in terms of their applications:
• CL 1: Full mask for light duty
• CL 2: Full mask general use
• CL 3: Full mask for special use
Requirements include temperature stability, impermeability, and concentration of carbon monoxide, breathing resistance, speech diaphragms, and field of vision.
• Resistance to thermal radiation
• Speech diaphragm
• Eye and viewers
• Inhalation valves and exhalation valves
• Carbon dioxide content in the air inhaled
• Inward leakage
Marking package:
• Type and Class
• Reference to user instructions
• Size notation (if more sizes are available)
Marking on face mask:
• Production year (clock notation)
• The marking signs need to be clear and durable
EN 143:2000 Corrected 2002, 2006, Amended 2006
This standard pertains to the particle filters used as components in unassisted respiratory protective devices. The standard describes the laboratory tests used to assess the filters' compliance with the standard's requirements and the filters' suitability for use with other respiratory protective devices. Filtering face pieces and filters used in escape apparatuses are excluded from the scope of this standard.
Based on their efficiency, particle filters are divided into three categories:
• P1 – low filtration, intended for use against solid particles only
• P2 – medium filtration, subdivided according to the filters' capacity to remove both solid and liquid particles or solid particles only
• P3 – high filtration, subdivided according to the filters' capacity to remove both solid and liquid particles or solid particles only
Class Maximum filter penetration of test aerosol (%) Maximum breathing resistance (mbar*)
Sodium chloride test at 95 l/min Paraffin oil test at 95 l/min at 30 l/min at 95 l/min
P1 20% 20% 0,6 2,1
P2 6% 6% 0,7 2,4
P3 0,05% 0,05% 1,2 4,2
* 1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa
• P + particle category
• R (= reusable), or NR (= not reusable /single shift)
• CE marking with approval number of notified body
• whether the filter is intended for use in a multi-filter device
• indication (+ expired hourglass symbol) of filter's expiration date, formatted as "yyyy/mm"
EN 148-1 - Respiratory protective devices - Threads for facepieces - Part 1: Standard thread connection
This European Standard is applicable to standard threads for respiratory protective devices. This standard describes the different connection types between the PPE and filters in regards to the masks. The most common standard is EN 148-1 which is described by thread Rd40 x 1/7”. This standard does not apply to diving equipment and to positive pressure breathing apparatus.
FFP1 4 Filters at least 80% of airborne particles <22%
FFP2 10 Filters at least 94% of airborne particles <8%
FFP3 20 Filters at least 98% of airborne particles <2%
To confirm: an FFP3 respirator mask would filter out at least 98% of the airborne respirable particles, whereas an FFP1 respirator mask would filter out at least 80% of the respirable particles. FFP3 respirator masks are, therefore, the most efficient in filtering out fine particles including viruses, mold spores, and asbestos.
EN 169 Personal eye protection - Filters for welding and related applications - Transmittance requirements and recommended use
This standard specifies the scale numbers and transmittance requirements for filters intended to protect operators performing work involving welding, braze-welding, air-arc gouging, and plasma jet cutting. It also includes requirements for welding filters with dual scale numbers. The other applicable requirements for these types of filters are detailed in EN 166. The requirements for fitting frames and mountings are described in Annex EN 175.
The numbering table for filters and the reference for marking oculars and frames are available in EN 166.
EN 170:2002 Personal eye protection - Ultraviolet filters - Transmittance requirements and recommended use
This European Standard specifies the scale numbers and transmittance requirements for filters that protect against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Other applicable requirements for these types of filters, along with the frames and mountings to which these filters are affixed, are available in EN 166. Guidance concerning the selection and use of these filters is available in Annex B.
Note: the protective filters that serve as examples in this standard are not suitable for the direct viewing of bright light (e.g., from sources such as Xenon high-pressure arc lamps) nor are they suitable for the direct and indirect observation of an electric welding arc.
EN 172:1995 Personal eye protection - Sunlight filters for industrial use
This standard specifies the scale numbers, transmittances, and related requirements for sun glare filters designed for industrial use. Other requirements for these types of filters are specified in EN 166. Section criteria and information pertaining to the use of these filters are available in Annex A. This standard does not apply to filters that protect against radiation from artificial sources, such as those used in solaria, nor does it apply to ski goggles. To confirm: a separate standard is forthcoming for sunglasses and sun glare filters intended for general use.
EN 175 Personal Protection - Equipment providing eye and face protection for welding and related processes
This standard specifies the safety requirements and test methods for personal protective equipment (PPE) that protects the wearer's eyes and face against harmful optical radiation and other specific risks and hazards associated with welding, cutting, or similar operations (e.g., ergonomic, fire, mechanical, and electrical). The resulting equipment is designed to incorporate protective filters, with or without cover/backing oculars, as recommended by the welding protector manufacturer and in accordance with EN 166:1995 and in compliance with EN 169:1992 or EN 379:1994.
Hoods, inspector face screens, laser protective equipment, and welding protection for special applications, are beyond the scope of this standard.
Additionally, this standard defines the terms used and specifies requirements for product designs, materials, and manufacturing processes.
EN 353-2:2002 Personal protection against falls – Part 2: Guided type fall arresters with flexible anchor lines
EN 353-2:2002 specifies the requirements, test methods, marking, manufacturer information, and packaging for guided type fall arresters that include flexible anchor lines (e.g., those that can be secured to an upper anchor point). Guided type fall arresters with include flexible anchor lines in conformance with this European standard are subsystems constituting one of the fall arrest systems covered by EN 363. Other types of fall arresters are described in EN 353-1 or EN 360. Energy absorbers are detailed in EN 355.
These are systems comprised of a fixed line, either temporary or permanent, on which a travelling device is attached. The user connects to this travelling device when climbing or descending. In the event of a fall, the travelling device should grip the line and stop the fall.
Guided type fall arresters are subject to a drop test using a 100 kg mass, released over the maximum distance the device will allow (e.g., by raising the mass until the travelling device begins to slide up the cable or rail). The device should not deploy more—by movement of the travelling device, stretching the rope, or through deployment of energy absorbing elements—than 1 meter and with a maximum arrest force of 6 kN.
With mechanical devices, additional testing is required to ensure they are not adversely affected by environmental conditions. Devices’ locking function can be tested with a mass of at least 5 kg after the devices have been exposed to 50°C with 85% relative humidity for at least 2 hours, to -30°C for at least 2 hours, and to water sprayed in volumes of 70 liters/per hour for at least 3 hours. Optional testing would follow devices’ submersion in diesel oil or dust.
Whole products are subjected to tensile tests. Textile lanyards are subject to a 15 kN tensile force and metal lanyards to 12 kN. Tensile forces are applied and held for at least 3 minutes to ensure that the products’ breaking strengths of the products exceed the force specified by the standard.
Metallic components used in fall protection equipment are subjected to a neutral salt spray test designed to determine products’ capacity to resist environmental corrosion and rusting. Products are exposed to saltwater mist for 24 hours inside a sealed chamber. Following this exposure, products are examined for signs of rusting and diminished functionality.
EN 795-B - Personal fall protection equipment - Anchor devices
EN 812 - Industrial bump caps
EN 813 - Personal fall protection equipment - Sit harnesses
EN 1496-B - Personal fall protection equipment - Rescue lifting devices
EN 12492 - Mountaineering equipment - Helmets for mountaineers - Safety requirements and test methods
EN 50365 - Electrically insulating helmets for use on low voltage installations
ANSI Z87 - American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection
EN ISO 12402-2: 275N - Personal flotation devices - Part 2: Lifejackets, performance level 275 - Safety requirements
(EN ISO 12402-2 supersedes EN 399.)
This part of EN ISO 12402-2 specifies the safety requirements for performance level 275 lifejackets. This applies to: lifejackets used by adults and children; lifejackets that have a buoyancy of no less than 275 N for the average adult; lifejackets that are intended for use offshore, in extreme conditions, and in combination with heavy protective clothing; and those that are worn alongside bulky loads (e.g., tool belts).
EN ISO 12402-3:2006/A1: - Personal flotation devices - Part 3: Lifejackets, performance level 150 - Safety requirements
(EN ISO 12402-3 supersedes EN 396.)
This part of EN ISO 12402 specifies the safety requirements for performance level 150 lifejackets. This applies to: lifejackets used by adults and children; lifejackets that have a buoyancy of no less than 150 N for the average adult; and lifejackets that are intended for use offshore and in combination with foul weather clothing.
EN ISO 12402-4:2006/A1:2010 - Personal flotation devices - Part 4: Lifejackets, performance level 100 - Safety requirements
(EN ISO 12402-4 supersedes EN 395.)
This part of EN ISO 12402 specifies the safety requirements for performance level 100 lifejackets. This applies to: lifejackets used by adults and children; lifejackets that have a buoyancy of no less than 100 N for the average adult; and lifejackets that are intended for use offshore and in combination with foul weather clothing.
EN ISO 12402-5:2006 - Personal flotation devices - Part 5: Buoyancy aids, performance level 50 - Safety requirements
(EN ISO 12402-5 supersedes EN 393.)
This part of EN 12402 specifies the safety requirements for buoyancy aids with a buoyancy of no less than 50 N that are used in sheltered waters with rescue personnel closeby and under circumstances in which bulkier and buoyant devices could impair the user. These specifications apply to buoyancy aids used by adults and children who are conscious and competent swimmers.
ISO 12402-5:2006 is not applicable to one-piece suits.