Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/244/2444697.html
Timestamp: 2019-10-14 21:52:35
Document Index: 771953718

Matched Legal Cases: ['art.\n1', 'art 5', 'art 11', 'art 4', 'art 11', 'art 5']

Combined charging stem bag
The invention relates to the field of drilling and blasting operations in strong rocks in quarries and can be used in a variety of industries, using blasting in hard rock masses.
Known suspension stemming representing a split cylinder with at least three longitudinal slots and a tapered extension cavity down from the bottom, the bottom of the cavity split hollow cylinder is inserted spacer cone, connected to a pull rope upper end fixed on a tripod /1/. This stemming blast holes allows you to lock the products of an explosion into the charging cavity to the destruction of the array and thereby to improve the energy efficiency of blast fragmentation of rocks.
A disadvantage of this device is the poor adhesion of the cylinder walls with the walls of wells of damaged structure (wood thrown out of the walls), forcing to put stemming depth, and performing stemming from metal, which is unacceptable when loading rock mass on the crusher possible losses stemming in the rock mass and hit her as uncrushed body to the crusher. In addition, to secure the tamping in the well requires a special device, which complicates the manufacturing technology works.
The closest essentially solved problem with a device for locking the products of the explosion in Saran the second cavity is well combined stemming, including the suspension stemming having a body with an axial cavity in which the bottom rope operated retracts spacer cone, in which case axial cavity is made in the form of a hollow truncated cone of elastic material variable elasticity with the greatest elasticity in the lower part, for example, of rubber, spacer cone made of organic material such as wood or plastic masses, and on top of the suspension stemming place positraction charging part with a predominance of gravel fractions of 10-20 mm in the first portions /2/. They are part of the tamping when shifting up hanging part is sealed, forming a "plug"that prevents further displacement of the suspension stemming up and break gas blast through the wellhead. It provides long-term isolation of the charging cavity.
The disadvantage of this tamping, adopted for the prototype of the proposed device design is the complexity of cluster consisting of two basic elements: a body with an axial cavity and the filling of the cone.
The technical task to be solved by the invention is to simplify the design of the combined tamping due to the elimination from the body with an axial cavity.
This object is achieved in that in the combined charging the stemming, including suspension to the NUS, made of organic material, for example of rubber or plastic masses connected with a pull rope and positraction charging part with a predominance of gravel fractions of 10-20 mm in the first portions, according to the invention, the outboard cone made with bicone groove in the middle part.
1 schematically depicts an outboard cone after lowering into the borehole to a predetermined depth, figure 2 - suspension stemming after the filing of the first portions of rubble in figure 3 - combined stemming in operating position in the well.
Suspension of the combined charge stemming includes cable rod 1 on which is fixed outboard cone 2 with groove 3, with the upper portion 4 with a reverse taper and the lower part 5 with a straight taper.
Combined sediment stemming designed for installation in explosive wells at shallow depths (mostly 1.5-2.0 m), where significant disturbance of the borehole walls by the action of explosions overlying ledges, and works as follows. In the hole 6 on the conductor initiating impulse 7, such as a detonating cord or waveguide system SINV, lower action 8 and form the charge 9 of the explosives. Then traction on the cable 1 is lowered into the well 6 to a predetermined depth outboard cone 2 with bottom diameter less than the hole diameter 6-8 mm, and spiked in the UK is the azhina 6 a small amount of crushed stone of 10 fractions 10-20 mm. Pieces of rubble 10 fall into the groove 3 and jam outboard cone 2 in the well 6. More than the destruction of the walls, the more reliable is fixed outboard cone stuck in the cracks of the pieces of rubble. After that, the cavity of the bore 6 to the mouth is filled with charging part 11, such as drill cuttings. Pressure charging portion 11 of the upper conical part 4 of the groove 3 is transmitted to the wall of the bore 6 through the rubble 10, and hanging cone 2 remains stationary. Combined sediment stemming ready for use.
After detonation of the explosive charge in the charging cavity dramatically increases the pressure of detonation products to values of a few tens of thousands of atmospheres and dynamic kick gases of explosion 12 on the lower part of the outboard cone 2, which leads to its displacement by a certain amount in the charging part 11. This gravel 10 pressure lower conical part 5 of the groove increases rasklinivanie outboard cone 2 in the wall of the bore 6. Therefore the position of the outboard cone 2 remains until the beginning of the destruction of the walls of the well and break part of the products of detonation of the charge cavity to the atmosphere through cracks in the broken array. At this point, the outboard clutch cone 2 with divergent walls of the borehole 6 is weakened and he begins to shift under the influence is still very high pressure of detonation products up through the borehole 6. C the curricular part of the tamping 11 this hardens, forming a "tube" 13 preventing further displacement of the outboard cone up and break gas blast through the wellhead. It provides long-term isolation of the charging cavity, which results in a better flow of secondary reactions in the detonation products and accordingly raises the energy of the explosion; this is especially important for modern coarse CENTURIES types of granulite and ramonito that have a significant share of the energy released in the process of secondary reactions.
Thus, the claimed combined sediment stemming simplified design allows you to securely lock the products of an explosion into the charging cavity to the destruction of the array and thereby to provide the solution of a technical problem.
1. Suspension stemming: RF patent №2286534, IPC F42D 1/08, 2006.
2. Combined stemming: RF patent №2371670, IPC F42D 1/08, 2009 (prototype).
Combined sediment stemming, including suspension cone made of organic material, for example of rubber or plastic masses connected with a pull rope and positraction charging part with a predominance of gravel fractions of 10-20 mm in the first portions, wherein the outboard cone made with bicone groove in the middle part.
Suspended well stem // 2419063
SUBSTANCE: suspended well stem is arranged in the form of a solid cylinder, diametre of which is approximated and comparable to the well diametre to the maximum. The cylinder is installed at the depth of the massif with intensive cracking. Between a charge and a stem there is an air gap. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder are arranged as truncated in parallel to each other, besides the length L of the large axis of the formed ellipse equals 1.15-1.25 of the well diametre, besides, the upper end is fixed to the crosspiece arranged above the well head with a rope fixed near the lower edge of the truncated part of the stem.
EFFECT: invention makes it possible to use the energy of explosion products to the maximum, to intensify the process of rocks grinding, to reduce the specific weight of explosives, to increase quality of rock mass grinding, to increase reliability of the well stem, to simplify its manufacturing.
Charging method of emulsion explosive compounds // 2416782