Source: http://my.liuc.it/corsi/syllabus.asp?ID=4025
Timestamp: 2019-03-25 23:58:42
Document Index: 777883205

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 4', 'art 5', 'art 6']

A95322 Business Law
Docente Titolare Alessio Reali
E-mail areali@liuc.it
Phone 0331 572393
The course aims at helping students to develop ability and rework concepts and rules standing behind the institutions which are the subject matters of the course and apply them to concrete cases.
The course aims at acquainting students with both fundamentals of Italian business law and a comparative approach between the rules and regulations applicable to the very same field of law within the common-law systems, so that they can understand how to approach differently each single civil-law or common-law institution of private law related to economics, especially as far as business contract law, business tort law and law of partnerships and companies are concerned.
Attendance is highly recommended and active participation of students during lessons is highly encouraged.
The course deals with an overall examination of the Italian private-law institutions related to economics.
Accordingly, Italian law of contracts, Italian partnership and company law and trusts, as avalable nowadays in Italy too, are to be considered the core of the course.
Therefore, after a brief but due introduction to the Italian legal system, particular care to structure and content of contracts, partnerships and companies (as governed both in common-law and in civil-law jurisdictions) and the law of trusts is performed along the way, so that students can understand the distinctive general approach to business law in common law systems and in civil law systems.
Moreover, as the course aims at providing students with a proper approach to all business-law-related issues, tort law and especially entrepreneurial non-contractual liability is analysed too, along with all forms of different commercial entities available within the Italian territory and abroad, as well as all kinds of legal relationships that they can be created when activities are performed by entrepreneurs.
Part 1 – Introduction to the Italian legal system (prof. Alessio Reali)
Introduction to law in general
Nature and role of law; concept of State (jurisdiction above States: e.g. European Union); public law and private law
Provisions: structure, characteristics and consequnces/sanctions
Construction, duration and enforcement of law
Introduction to Italian private law and its sources
European Union legal sources
State laws and regional laws
Regolamenti and mores
The Italian Civil Code (ICC)
Private law relationships: the concept of legal acts, legal facts and negozio giuridico
Subjects of legal relationships: the distinction between physical and juridical persons
Part 2 - Juxtaposing civil-law and common-law jurisdictions in the field of private law (prof. Alessio Reali)
Different legal methods and sources of law
Case law v codes
The value of judicial decisions in civil-law jurisdictions and in common-law jurisdictions
The distinction between common law and equity within the common-law systems
Consequences in terms of rules governing law of obligations, fiduciary relationships and law of torts
Different legal approach to performance of business in general in common-law systems and in civil-law systems
Part 3 – Contract law (prof. Alessio Reali)
Introduction to a comparative approach between the rules of contracts and other legal transactions available in civil-law jurisdictions and in common-law jurisdictions
Italian-law general rules for contracts analysed in comparison with common-law rules for contracts
Agreement: offer and acceptance; termination of offer; irrevocable offer and opzione
Negotiations: different approaches and different rules of law
Pre-contractual liability, gentlemen’s agreement and letter of intent
Causa and consideration compared
Forms for contracts
Ancillary terms of contract: condition and terminable contracts
Construction/interpretation of contracts compared
Privity of contract: third party rights and contracts on behalf of third parties compared
Contracts for persons to be appointed
Sham in contracts and other legal transactions
Invalidity of contracts compared: validity vs enforcement; void contracts, errore, violenza, dolo and rescissione against illegal contracts, mistake, duress, misrepresentation and undue influence
Performance of contracts: penalty clauses and remedies against breach of contracts compared: breach of contract, impossibilità sopravvenuta and eccessiva onerosità sopravvenuta against termination, rescission and frustration of purpose; damages related
Dameges and specific performance: different approach, different rules: e.g. section 2932 ICC against specific performance and injuction in common-law
Main business contracts and other institutions available under both civil-law and common-law contract law
Trusts (history and development of the institution in common law; use of trusts in common law; Hague Convention on trusts; use of trusts in Italy
Part 4 – Entrepreneur and entrepreneurial activity in general (prof. Andrea Moja)
Different kinds of Italian entrepreneurs: imprenditore agricolo; imprenditore commerciale; piccolo imprenditore; imprenditore individuale; impresa collettiva and impresa sociale
Distinction between private and public entrepreneurial activity: the concept of impresa pubblica
General rules concerning entrepreneurs: the concepts of azienda, ditta, insegna, marchio and brevetto; rules for intellectual property rights; antitrust legislation; Companies Registry and consorzi
Consorzi and joint ventures compared
Performing entrepreneurial activities: entrepreneur, intellectual professional, independent contractor and employee compared
Project financing and securitization
Part 5 – Partnerships and companies (prof. Andrea Moja)
Introduction to the concept of Italian impresa collettiva and to the main differences between partnerships and companies in general
Legal status of partnership and partners
Different kinds of Italian partnerships: società semplice, società in nome collettivo and società in accomandita semplice compared
Assignment of goods and credits to a partnership
Joint and separate administration of a partnership
Partners’ liability on debts: insolvency issues
Termination of a partnership relationship against single partners
Termination and liquidation of a partnership
Legal status of a company
Different kinds of companies: società a responsabilità limitata, società per azioni and società in accomandita per azioni compared
Assignment of goods and credits to a company
Company’s share-capital requirements
Company’s stakeholders: shareholders v bondholders
Directors and directors’ duties and powers
Companies’ meetings
Shareholders’ voting rights inside and outside companies’ meetings
Majority rules and minority protection
Termination of a company relationship against single shareholders
Termination and company’s winding up
Insolvency issues concerning companies
Part 6 – Tort law and non-contractual liability of partnerships and companies against third parties (prof. Andrea Moja)
Tort law in general
Establishing tortious liability: duty of care, negligence, wrongdoing, causation, remoteness of damages
General defences to tort
Persons who can sue and be sued in tort
Italian employers’ vicarious liability (section 2049 ICC)
Italian liability for performance of dangerous activities (section 2050 ICC)
Italian liability for damages due to goods under custody (section 2051 ICC)
Italian liability for damages created by real properties (section 2053 ICC)
Italian liability from vehicles circulation (section 2054 ICC)
Rules for damages appraisal
Specific performance in tort law
Financial and non-financial damages
Liability of partnerships and companies under tort law
Tort law against companies and partnerships in general
Different kinds of business liability and different consequences on shareholders, bondholders and credit-holders in general
Business liability and environmental law
Covering entrepreneurial liability: insurance policies and company law
The first part of the course pertains to prof. Alessio Reali and shall consist of 30 hours personally held by the holder of the course.
The second part of the course pertains to prof. Andrea Moja and shall consist of 30 hours too.
The exam is oral and it can also be performed in two partials, during the course, each one consisting of the program respectively taught by prof. Alessio Reali and Andrea Moja. A minimum attendance is required to attend partials. In this case, a final vote, based on the average of the grades granted by in each part of the exam, shall be registered by the holder of the course afterwards.