Source: http://www.google.de/patents/US4511209
Timestamp: 2013-05-21 06:17:15
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Patent US4511209 - Composition having improved optical qualities - Google PatenteSuche Bilder Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive Mehr » Erweiterte Patentsuche | Webprotokoll | Anmelden Erweiterte Patentsuche PatenteCompositions with improved optical qualities, based on highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylates, are cured for use in a wide range of optical articles. The preferred components of the composition are (1) a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate; (2) a trifunctional or higher acrylate that serves...http://www.google.de/patents/US4511209?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4511209 - Composition having improved optical qualities Ver�ffentlichungsnummerUS4511209 APublikationstypErteilung Anmeldenummer06/572,397 Ver�ffentlichungsdatum16. Apr. 1985Eingetragen20. Jan. 1984 Priorit�tsdatum24. Febr. 1982 ErfinderBolesh J. SkutnikUrspr�nglich Bevollm�chtigterEnsign-Bickford Industries, Inc.Fitel Usa CorporationLucent Technologies Inc.Spectran Specialty Optics CompanyEnsign-Bickford Optics Company, 16-18 Ensign Drive, Avon, Connecticut, 06001, A Corp Of ConnecticutEnsign-Bickford Industrie, Inc., A Ct Corp. US-Klassifikation385/145385/124522/180385/123522/172385/129Internationale KlassifikationG02B1/04C03C25/10 UnternehmensklassifikationG02B1/048C03C25/105 Europ�ische KlassifikationG02B1/04D4C03C25/10P2BReferenzenPatentzitate (4) Referenziert von (127)Externe LinksUSPTO USPTO-Zuordnung EspacenetComposition having improved optical qualitiesUS 4511209 A Zusammenfassung Compositions with improved optical qualities, based on highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylates, are cured for use in a wide range of optical articles. The preferred components of the composition are (1) a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate; (2) a trifunctional or higher acrylate that serves as a crosslinking agent; (3) a mono or poly-functional thiol that functions as a synergist; and (4) a photoinitiator such as an ultraviolet (UV) initiator. These components can be varied relative to one another over a wide range, but the fluoroacrylate must always be the major component. Where the fluoroacrylate is a solid at room temperature, a small amount of solvent like di-isobutyl ketone or methylene chloride can be added.
I claim: 1. A cladding composition for plastic clad silica optical fibers comprising a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate with a refractive index below 1.38 and constituting more than 50% by weight of the composition, a polyfunctional acrylate being trifunctional or higher serving as a crosslinking agent, a mono or polyfunctional thiol that functions as a synergist, and a photoinitiator.
4. The composition according to claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate has the general formula: R.sub.F (CH.sub.2).sub.n O.sub.2 CC.sub.2 H.sub.3 where R.sub.F =X--(CF.sub.2).sub.m,m=3-12, X=H or F, and n=1, 2 . . . 3m.
7. A plastic clad silica optical fiber comprising a fused silica core, and an ultraviolet cured cladding composition which includes a mixture of a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate with a refractive index below 1.38 and constituting more than 50% by weight of the composition, a trifunctional or higher acrylate serving as a crosslinking agent, mono or polyfunctional thiol that functions as a synergist, and an ultraviolet initiator.
8. A composition having improved optical qualities, said composition comprising (a) a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate constituting more than 50% by weight of the composition; (b) a polyfunctional acrylate being trifunctional or higher serving as a crosslinking agent; (c) a mono or polyfunctional thiol that functions as a synergist; and (d) an photoinitiator.
12. The composition according to claims 8, 9 or 10 wherein said highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate has the general formula: R.sub.F (CH.sub.2).sub.n O.sub.2 CC.sub.2 H.sub.3 where R.sub.F =X--(CF.sub.2).sub.m, m=3-12, X=H or F, and n=1, 2 . . . 3m.
13. The composition according to claims 8, 9 or 10 wherein said highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate has the general formula: ##STR2## where R=CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 . . . C.sub.4 H.sub.9 R.sub.F =C.sub.N F.sub.2N+1 X=H or CH.sub.3 ; and N=2 or more.
16. An optical fiber comprising: (a) a core, and (b) an ultraviolet cured composition which includes a mixture of a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate and constituting more than 50% by weight of the composition, a trifunctional or higher acrylate serving as a crosslinking agent, a mono or polyfunctional thiol that functions as a synergist, and a photoinitiator.
19. An optical article comprising (a) a substrate; and (b) at least one layer of a cured composition having a variable refractive index and being layered in decreasing refractive index order from said substrate, said compositions includes a mixture of a highly fluorinated mono functional acrylate constituting more than 50% by weight of the composition, a trifunctional or higher acrylate serving as a crosslinking agent, a mono or polyfunctional thiol that functions as a synergist and an ultraviolet photo-initiator.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This application is a continuation in-part of my earlier filed co-pending application, Ser. No. 352,050 filed Feb. 24, 1982 now abandoned.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to compositions having improved optical qualities, and more particularly to ultraviolet (UV) curable compositions containing a highly fluorinated monofunctional acrylate as the major component and which produce superior compositions whose improved strength, barrier properties, anti reflective qualities and low attenuation increases with decreasing temperature are useful in a wide range of optical applications such as coatings, signal transmittal cores, fiber claddings and other such uses.
As currently used, the term plastic clad silica (PCS) optical fibers mean a silicone cladding over a fused quartz core. The viscosity and curing requirements of the silicones restrict the production rate to about 0.5 meter/second. The silicone cladding does not adhere well to the quartz, and since it is also soft, the clad fiber is hard to connect. Thermal changes in the fiber's environment can cause a pumping action at the connection, where the quartz core is forced in and out of the clamped cladding. Furthermore, exposing these PCS fibers to low temperatures in the -40 increase of 10-20 dB/km. In many cases, an increase in room temperature attenuation also occurs after thermal cycling. Typical results are given below:
EXAMPLE 1 A 200 μm Suprasil fiber with General Electric 670 silicone resin and a soft urethane jacket (Goodrich 58880)
______________________________________Attenuation (dB/km)______________________________________Room Temp. Start    10.5     after 3 cycles                                 10.9-46      1st cycle               18.6     3rd cycle                                 20.2+75      1st cycle                9.6     3rd cycle                                 10.0______________________________________
EXAMPLE 2 Same as above except Dow Corning's Sylard 184 silicone resin is used instead of the General Electric resin
______________________________________Attenuation (dB/km)______________________________________Room Temp  Start    10.6     after 2 cycles                                 12.2-46      1st cycle               24.5     2nd cycle                                 26.6+75      1st cycle                9.0     2nd cycle                                 10.3______________________________________
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore a principal object of the present invention to provide a composition having improved optical properties for use in treating a wide range of articles to thereby render them more resistant to moisture and chemicals and to increase their resistance to stress.
TABLE I__________________________________________________________________________Examples of using other core and substrate materials.__________________________________________________________________________              NA using cured film with:Substrate Material          N.sub.D              N.sub.D = 1.41(a)                       N.sub.D = 1.45(b)                              N.sub.D = 1.47(c)__________________________________________________________________________Borosilicate crown glass          1.524              0.58     0.47   0.40Fused Quartz   1.458              0.37     0.15   --Polystyrene    1.592              0.74     0.66   0.61Polymethylmethacrylate          1.489              0.48     0.34   0.01Polymethylacrylate          1.476              0.44     0.28   0.13Poly 4-methyl, 1-pentene          1.462              0.39     0.19   --Polyethylacrylate          1.469              0.41     0.24   --fluoroacrylate 1.44              0.29     --     --composition of thisinvention(d)__________________________________________________________________________(a)composition comprises:                    (c)Composition comprises:trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate               72.1%                    nonahydroperfluorodecylacrylate                                    50.2%trimethylolpropanetriacrylate               23.3%                    trimethylolpropanetriacylate                                    21.0%&#947;-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane               3.7% trimethylolpropanetris                                    22.5%2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl propanone               0.9% (3-mercaptoproprionate)                    2-hydroxy, 2-methyl, 1 phenyl                                    6.4%                    propanone(b)Composition comprises:                    (d)compositions comprises:trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate               55.1%                    trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate                                    60.4%trimethylolpropanetriacrylate               26.7%                    trimethylolpropanetriacrylate                                    19.6%&#947;-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane               8.4% &#947;-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane                                    9.2%2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl propanone               9.8% 2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl                                    10.8%                    propanone
TABLE II__________________________________________________________________________Examples to reflect use of compositions as antireflective coatings ondifferent substrates.__________________________________________________________________________                 Reflectance with Coatings          Reflectance       (2)N.sub.D = 1.450(c)-first coating          vs Air (1)N.sub.D = 1.39(a)                            N.sub.D = 1.375(b)-second coatingSubstrate Material       N.sub.D          %      %          %__________________________________________________________________________Fused quartz       1.458          3.47   2.72       2.56Optical crown glass       1.523          4.30   2.87       2.62Borosilicate crown glass       1.524          4.31   2.87       2.62Barium-silicate       1.540          4.52   2.92       2.65crown glassBorate flint glass       1.569          4.91   3.03       2.71Heavy flint glass       1.717          6.96   3.77       3.27Polystyrene 1.592          5.22   3.12       2.78Polymethylmethacrylate       1.489          3.86   2.78       2.58Poly 4-methyl-1-pentene       1.462          3.52   2.72       2.56Polycarbonate       1.586          5.13   3.09       2.76fluoroacrylatecomposition of this       1.47          3.62   2.74       2.57invention(d)__________________________________________________________________________(a)composition comprises:                   (c)composition comprises:either of trihydroperfluoroheptyacrylate               80.5%                   trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate                                       55.1%or trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate                   trimethylolpropanetriacrylate                                       26.7%trimethylolpropanetriacrylate               17.0%mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilone.               10.9%&#947;-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilone               1.0%                   2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl propanone                                       9.8%2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl propanone               1.5%(b)Composition comprises:                   (d)Composition comprises:either of trihydroperfluoroheptyacrylate               87% nonahydroperfluorodecylacrylate                                       50.2%or trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate                   trimethylolpropanetriacrylate                                       21.0%trimethylolpropanetriacrylate               6.1%                   trimethylolpropanetris                                       22.5%&#947;-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilone               3.7%                   (3-mercaptoproprionate)2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl propanone               3.2%                   2-hydroxy, 2 methyl, 1 phenyl propanone                                       6.4%
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Combinations of the four components of the compositions of the invention are chosen in general so as to achieve particular results. For use as an optical fiber cladding with a quartz core the refractive index of the uncured mixture should be lower than 1.42; in practice, the combination is chosen so as to yield a NA for the clad fiber in the range desired for the particular application. General guidelines for each component are set forth below.
where R.sub.F =X--(CF.sub.2).sub.m, m=3-12, X=H or F and n=1, 2 . . . 3m
Additionally, the highly fluorinated acrylate compound may include compounds which contain heteroatoms. A specific example is: ##STR1## where R=CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 . . . C.sub.4 H.sub.9 ; R.sub.F =C.sub.N F.sub.2N+1;
X=H or CH.sub.3 ; and N=2 or more
where the Fluoroacrylate mixture, R.sub.F C.sub.2 H.sub.4 OCOCXCH2 is given as:
TABLE IV______________________________________A. Thermal CyclingComposition     Temperature                Attenuation (dB/km)______________________________________ 3        Room Temp. Start   9.9  After cycles 9.4     -46     +7512        Room Temp. Start  16.6  After cycles 14.3     -46     +75General   Room Temp. Start  10.5  After cycles 10.9Electric  -46RTV-670   +75Dow Corning-     Room Temp. Start  10.6  After cycles 12.2Sylgard   -46184       +75______________________________________B. Representative Room Temperature ResultsComposition      Measured NA Attenuation (dB/km)______________________________________ 1         .37         10.7 2         .38         8.4 3         .33         9.111         .37         8.012         .36         8.513         .33         8.2Sylgard 184      .33         8.2Sylgard 182      .33         9.0RTV-670    .33         8.1______________________________________
TABLE V__________________________________________________________________________Physical Properties of Cured Coatings                          Chemical   Water   Water Vapor                    Water Resistance(d)Coating Permeability(a)           Transmission(b)                    Absorption(c)                          methylene chloride/heptane/diisobutyl                          ketone/toluene__________________________________________________________________________Buffer UV   0.269   1.65    +9.4   +333/+1.6/+35.5/+109Curable(20-25 mil film)Secondary   0.042   0.78    +3.4   +58.0/+1.3/+9.0/+22.4UV curable(15-25 mil film)RTV Silicone   0.162   1.11    +0.1   +210/+152/+110/+142(30-40 mil film)Fluoro- 0.015   0.13    +0.3   +8.7/0.0/+3.0/+4.1acrylate(e)Compositionof this invention(20-30 mil film)__________________________________________________________________________ (a)ng/m.s. Pa @ 30 (b)g/nm.sup.2 @ 30 (c)% weight change @ 23 (d)% weight change @ 23 (e)Composition comprises: Trihydroperfluoroundecylacrylate  73.8% Trimethylolproponetriacrylate  23.9% mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane  1.5% 2hydroxy, 2methyl, 1phenyl propanone  0.9%
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