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Patent US6349284 - Scalable audio encoding/decoding method and apparatus - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA scalable audio encoding/decoding method and apparatus are provided. To code an audio signal into layered data streams having a base layer and at least one enhancement layer, the encoding method includes the steps of time/frequency mapping input audio signals and quantizing the spectral data with the...http://www.google.com/patents/US6349284?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6349284 - Scalable audio encoding/decoding method and apparatusAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6349284 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/084,893Publication dateFeb 19, 2002Filing dateMay 28, 1998Priority dateNov 20, 1997Fee statusPaidAlso published asCN1131598C, CN1218339A, DE69833834D1, DE69833834T2, EP0918401A2, EP0918401A3, EP0918401B1Publication number084893, 09084893, US 6349284 B1, US 6349284B1, US-B1-6349284, US6349284 B1, US6349284B1InventorsSung-hee Park, Yeon-bae KimOriginal AssigneeSamsung Sdi Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (5), Non-Patent Citations (17), Referenced by (149), Classifications (8), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetScalable audio encoding/decoding method and apparatus
US 6349284 B1Abstract
What is claimed is: 1. A scalable audio encoding method for coding audio signals into a layered data stream having a base layer and a plurality of enhancement layers, comprising the steps of:
quantizing input audio signals for each of a plurality of predetermined coding bands; and generating bitstreams by packing the quantized data, wherein the bitstream generating step comprises: slicing said quantized data into sliced bits; coding sliced bits of the quantized data corresponding to the base layer; coding sliced bits of the quantized data corresponding to the first enhancement layer; and sequentially coding sliced bits of the quantized data corresponding to each subsequent enhancement layer to form bitstreams, wherein each of the base layer coding step, the first enhancement layer coding step and the sequential enhancement coding steps include (i) coding both side information and quantized data corresponding to each respective layer to be represented by digits of a same predetermined number; and (ii) arithmetic-coded using a predetermined probability model, and wherein the base layer coding step includes coding the most significant bits of the quantized data, the first enhancement layer coding step includes coding the next to most significant bits, and each subsequent enhancement coding steps includes coding progressively lower significant bits until the last enhancement layer includes coding the least significant bits. 2. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 1, wherein the step of coding side information includes coding scale factors and probability models to be used in the arithmetic-coding.
obtaining the maximum scale factor; obtaining differences between the maximum scale factor and the respective scale factors; and arithmetic-coding the differences. 4. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 3, wherein the step of arithmetic coding the differences include using probability models listed in Tables 5.1 through 5.4.
obtaining the minimum value of the probability model information values; obtaining differences between the minimum probability model information and the respective model information values; and arithmetic-coding the differences. 7. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 6, wherein the arithmetic coding step includes using probability models listed in Tables 5.5 through 5.9.
receiving quantized data composed of sign data and magnitude data; a. coding by a predetermined encoding method the most significant bit sequences composed of most significant bits of the magnitude data of the quantized data represented by the same number of bits; b. coding sign data corresponding to non-zero data among the coded most significant bit sequences; c. coding the most significant bit sequences among uncoded magnitude data of the quantized data by said predetermined encoding method; d. coding uncoded sign data among the sign data corresponding to non-zero magnitude data among bit sequences; and e. performing the magnitude data coding step and the sign data coding step of steps c and d on the respective bits of the quantized data until all of the quantized data is coded. 9. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 8, wherein said predetermined encoding method includes arithmetic coding and said sign data coding steps include using a probability model having a size of 2 and cumulative frequency values of 8192 and 0.
converting input audio signals of a temporal domain into signals of a frequency domain for each of a plurality of predetermined subbands; coupling together the converted signals as signals of said predetermined subbands by time/frequency mapping; calculating a masking threshold at each predetermined subband; and quantizing the signals for each predetermined subband so that quantization noise of each band is smaller than the masking threshold. 16. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 1, wherein the bitrate of the base layer is 16 kbps and an interlayer bitrate is 8 kbps.
a quantizing portion for (i) signal-processing input audio signals and (ii) quantizing the same for each coding band; and a bit packing portion for (i) generating bitstreams by band-limiting a base layer into scale factor bands so as to be scalable, (ii) coding side information corresponding to the base layer, (iii) coding the quantized information sequentially from the most significant bit sequence to the least significant bit sequence and from lower frequency components to higher frequency components corresponding to the base layer, and (iv) coding side information and the quantized data corresponding to the next enhancement layer, to perform coding on all layers. 18. The scalable audio coding apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the quantizing portion comprises:
a time/frequency mapping portion for converting the input audio signals of a temporal domain into signals of a frequency domain; a psychoacoustic portion for coupling the converted signals by signals of predetermined subbands by time/frequency mapping and calculating a masking threshold at each subband using a masking phenomenon generated by interaction of the respective signals; and a quantizing portion for quantizing the signals for each predetermined coding band while the quantization noise of each band is compared with the masking threshold. 19. A scalable audio decoding method for decoding audio data coded to have layered bitrates, comprising the steps of:
decoding side information having at least scale factors and arithmetic-coding model information allotted to each band, said side information decoding step being repeated for each layer in the order of creation of the layers in datastreams having layered bitrates, by analyzing the significance of bits composing the datastreams, from upper significant bits to lower significant bits, using the arithmetic coding models corresponding to the quantized data; restoring the decoded scale factors and quantized data into signals having the original magnitudes; and converting inversely quantized signals into signals of a temporal domain. 20. The scalable audio decoding method according to claim 19, wherein the decoding step decodes said side information in units of four-dimensional vectors.
decoding the maximum scale factor in the bitstream, arithmetic-decoding differences between the maximum scale factor and the respective scale factors, and subtracting the differences from the maximum scale factor. 24. The scalable audio decoding method according to claim 23, further comprising the step of arithmetic-decoding the probability models listed in Tables 5.1 through 5.4.
quantizing input audio signals for each of a plurality of predetermined coding bands; and generating bitstreams by packing the quantized data, wherein the bitstream generating step comprises: coding the quantized data corresponding to the base layer; coding the quantized data corresponding to the first enhancement layer of the coded base layer; and sequentially coding sliced bits of the quantized data corresponding to each subsequent enhancement layer to form bitstreams, wherein each of the base layer coding step, the first enhancement layer coding step and the sequential enhancement coding steps include (i) coding both side information and quantized data corresponding to each respective layer to be represented by digits of a same predetermined number; and (ii) arithmetic-coded using a predetermined probability model, and wherein the base layer coding step includes coding the most significant bits of the quantized data, the first enhancement layer coding step includes coding the next to most significant bits, and each subsequent enhancement coding step includes coding progressively lower significant bits until the last enhancement layer includes coding the least significant bits. 28. The program storage device according to claim 27, wherein the scale factor coding step comprises the steps of:
obtaining the maximum scale factor; obtaining differences between the maximum scale factor and the respective scale factors; and arithmetic-coding the same. 29. The program storage device according to claim 28, wherein the coding of the side information includes coding the probability models and coding the probability models includes the steps of:
obtaining the minimum value of the probability model information values; obtaining differences between the minimum probability model information and the respective model information values; and arithmetic-coding the differences using the probability models listed in Tables 5.5 through 5.9. 30. A computer usable medium, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the machine to perform a scalable audio decoding method for decoding audio data coded to have layered bitrates, comprising the steps of:
receiving and decoding side information having at least scale factors and arithmetic-coding model information allotted to each band, said side information decoding step being repeated for each layer in the order of creation of the layers in datastreams having layered bitrates, by analyzing the significance of bits composing the datastreams, from upper significant bits to lower significant bits, using the arithmetic coding models corresponding to the quantized data; restoring the decoded scale factors and quantized data into signals having the original magnitudes; and converting inversely quantized signals into signals of a temporal domain, a recording medium capable of reading a program for executing the scalable audio encoding method using a computer. 31. The program storage device according to claim 30, wherein said decoding step includes decoding side information in units of four-dimensional vectors, and decoding bit-sliced information of four samples in the four-dimensional vectors.
signal-processing input audio signals and quantizing the same for each predetermined coding band; and packing the quantized data to generate bitstreams, wherein the bitstream generating step comprises: coding the quantized data of a first range of frequencies corresponding to the base layer; coding the quantized data of a second range of frequencies corresponding to a first enhancement layer; and sequentially coding sliced bits of the quantized data corresponding to each subsequent enhancement layer to form bitstreams, wherein each of the base layer coding step, the first enhancement layer coding step and the sequential enhancement coding steps include (i) coding both side information and quantized data corresponding to each respective layer to be represented by digits of a same predetermined number; and (ii) arithmetic-coded using a predetermined probability model, and wherein the base layer coding step includes coding the most significant bits of the quantized data, the first enhancement layer coding step includes coding the next to most significant bits, and each subsequent enhancement coding step includes coding progressively lower significant bits until the last enhancement layer includes coding the least significant bits. 36. The scalable audio coding method according to claim 35, said second range of frequencies includes frequencies different from said first range of frequencies wherein the most significant digits of the quantized data of said frequencies different from said first range of frequencies are coded before coding next significant digits of the quantized data belonging to the corresponding enhancement layer.
obtaining the maximum scale factor; and obtaining differences between the maximum scale factor and the respective scale factors and arithmetic-coding the differences. 38. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 37, wherein the probability models listed in Tables 5.1 through 5.4 are used in the step of arithmetic-coding the differences.
obtaining the minimum value of the probability model information values; obtaining differences between the minimum probability model information and the respective model information values and arithmetic-coding the differences. 41. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 40, wherein the probability models listed in Tables 5.5 through 5.9 are used in the arithmetic-coding step.
a. coding by a predetermined encoding method the most significant bit sequences composed of most significant bits of the magnitude data of the quantized data represented by the same number of bits; b. coding sign data corresponding to non-zero data among the coded most significant bit sequences; c. coding the most significant bit sequences among uncoded magnitude data of the quantized data by said predetermined encoding method; d. coding uncoded sign data among the sign data corresponding to non-zero magnitude data among bit sequences; and e. performing the magnitude data coding step and the sign data coding step on the respective bits of the quantized data until all of the quantized data is coded. 43. The scalable audio encoding method according to claim 42, wherein said predetermined encoding method includes arithmetic coding and sign data coding steps include using a probability model having a size of 2 and cumulative frequency values of 8192 and 0.
coverting input audio signals of a temporal domain into signals of a frequency domain for each of a plurality of predetermined subbands; coupling together the converted signals as signals of said predetermined subbands by time/frequency mapping; calculating a masking threshold at each subband; and quantizing the signals for each predetermined subband so that quantization noise of each band is smaller than the masking threshold. 52. A scalable audio decoding apparatus comprising:
a bitstream analyzing portion for receiving and decoding side information having at least scale factors and arithmetic model information and quantized data, in the order of creation of the layers in layered bitstreams; an inverse quantizing portion for restoring the decoded scale factors and quantized data into signals having the original magnitudes; and a frequency/time mapping portion for converting inversely quantized signals of a frequency domain into signals of a temporal domain to be output. Description
Priority to U.S. application Ser. No. 08/978,877, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,122,618, is claimed under 35 U.S.C. �120.
9868, 3351, 1676, 0
14316, 12248, 9882, 7516, 6399, 5282, 4183, 3083, 2247, 1411,
12170, 7956, 6429, 4901, 4094, 3287, 2982, 2677, 2454, 2230,
Scale factor band
12 [TABLE 2.6]
1002 32
1024 33
1045 34
1066 35
1088 36
1109 37
1130 38
1152 39
1173 40
1194 41
1216 42
1237 43
1258 44
1280 45
1301 46
1322 47
1344 48
1365 TABLE 3.5
10 31
10 33
10 39
11 41
11 43
11 46
12 47
12 TABLE 3.6
The data converted into that of a frequency domain is quantized with increasing scale factors so that the SNR value of the scale factor band shown in Tables 1.1 and 1.2 is smaller than the SMR as the output value of the psychoacoustic model. Here, scalar quantization is performed, and the basic scale factor interval is 2�. Quantization is performed so that the perceivable noise is minimized. The exact quantization procedure is described in the MPEG-2 AAC. Here, the obtained output is quantized data and scale factors for the respective scale factor bands.
1024 [TABLE 1.2]
13 112
while (id = id_syn_ele) ! = ID_END){3
Ics_reserved_bit
scalefactor_model
min_ArModel
ArModel_model
leftover_arithmetic_codebits
0. . .14
acode_scf[g][sfb]
0. . .13
0. . .1
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