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Phoenix Plus. Water Heater. Installation. Start-Up. Maintenance. Parts. Warranty. PHP Models* - PDF
Download "Phoenix Plus. Water Heater. Installation. Start-Up. Maintenance. Parts. Warranty. PHP Models*"
Berenice Russell
1 Phoenix Plus Water Heater Installation Start-Up Maintenance Parts Warranty PHP Models* * LP Denotes Propane Gas Operation This manual must only be used by a qualified installer / service technician. Read all instructions in this manual before installing. Perform steps in the given order. Failure to do so could result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Improper installation, adjustment, alteration, service, or maintenance could void product warranty and cause property damage, severe personal injury, or death. HTP reserves the right to make product changes or updates without notice and will not be held liable for typographical errors in literature. The surfaces of these products contacted by potable (consumable) water contain less than 0.25% lead by weight as required by the Safe Drinking Water Act, Section NOTE TO CONSUMER: PLEASE KEEP ALL INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. 120 Braley Road P.O. Box 429 East Freetown, MA
2 2 IF THE INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL IS NOT FOLLOWED EXACTLY, A FIRE OR EXPLOSION MAY RESULT, CAUSING PROPERTY DAMAGE, PERSONAL INJURY, OR LOSS OF LIFE. DO NOT STORE GASOLINE OR OTHER FLAMMABLE VAPORS AND LIQUIDS IN THE VICINITY OF THIS OR ANY OTHER APPLIANCE. WHAT TO DO IF YOU SMELL GAS Do not try to light any appliance. Do not touch any electrical switch. Do not use any phone in your building. Immediately call your gas supplier from a neighbor s phone. Follow the gas supplier s instructions. If you cannot reach your gas supplier, call the fire department. Installation and service must be provided by a qualified installer, service agency, or the gas supplier.
3 3 The following defined terms are used throughout this manual to bring attention to the presence of hazards of various risk levels or to important product information. DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in serious personal injury or death. WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in personal injury or death. CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in moderate or minor personal injury. CAUTION used without the safety alert symbol indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in property damage. NOTICE is used to address practices not related to personal injury. Foreword This manual is intended to be used in conjunction with other literature provided with the water heater. This includes all related control information. It is important that this manual, all other documents included in this system, and additional publications including the Code for the Installation of Heat Producing Appliances and National Fuel Gas Code - ANSI Z223.1 (latest versions), be reviewed in their entirety before beginning any work. Installation should be made in accordance with the regulations of the Authority Having Jurisdiction, local code authorities, and utility companies which pertain to this type of water heating equipment. Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) The AHJ may be a federal, state, local government, or individual such as a fire chief, fire marshal, chief of a fire prevention bureau, labor department or health department, building official or electrical inspector, or others having statutory authority. In some circumstances, the property owner or his/her agent assumes the role, and at government installations, the commanding officer or departmental official may be the AHJ. NOTE: HTP, Inc. reserves the right to modify product technical specifications and components without prior notice. For the Installer This water heater must be installed by qualified and licensed personnel. The installer should be guided by the instructions furnished with the water heater, and by local codes and utility company requirements. In the absence of local codes, preference should be given to the National Fuel Gas Code - ANSI Z223.1, latest version. Installations Must Comply With: Local, state, provincial, and national codes, laws, regulations, and ordinances. The latest version of the National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1, from American Gas Association Laboratories, 8501 East Pleasant Valley Road, Cleveland, OH In Canada - CGA No. B149 (latest version), from Canadian Gas Association Laboratories, 55 Scarsdale Road, Don Mills, Ontario, Canada M3B 2R3. Also, Canadian Electrical Code, C 22.1, from Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6. Code for the Installation of Heat Producing Appliances (latest version) from American Insurance Association, 85 John Street, New York, NY The latest version of the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70. NOTE: The gas manifold and controls met safe lighting and other performance criteria when undergoing tests specified in ANSI Z latest edition.
4 4 Table of Contents Part 1 - General Safety Information 4 A. Improper Combustion 5 B. Gas 5 C. When Servicing the Water Heating System 5 D. Heater Water 5 E. Freeze Protection 5 F. Water Temperature Adjustment 5 Part 2 - Before You Start 6 A. What s in the Box 6 B. How the Heater Operates 6 C. Optional Equipment 6 Part 3 - Prepare the Water Heater 6 A. Locating the Water Heater 7 B. Leveling 8 C. Clearances for Service Access 8 D. Residential Garage Installation 9 E. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe 9 1. Indoor Direct Vent of Exhaust and Intake 9 2. Indoor Combustion Air in Confined or Unconfined Space 9 3. Outdoor Installation 9 F. Prevent Combustion Air Contamination 10 G. Removing a Heater from a Common Vent System 10 H. Water Chemistry Requirements 11 Part 4 - Piping 13 A. Heater Plumbing 13 B. Auxiliary Connection 13 C. Backflow Preventer 13 D. Potable Expansion Tank 13 E. Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve 13 F. Scalding 14 G. Filling the Heater 14 H. Applications 15 Part 5 - Venting and Condensate Removal 16 A. General 16 B. Approved Materials for Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe 17 C. Additional Requirements for Installation in Canada 17 D. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Location 18 E. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Sizing 18 F. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Installation 19 G. Applications Indoor Direct Vent Installation of Exhaust and Intake Venting Through an Existing System Indoor Combustion Air in Confined or Unconfined Space Outdoor Installation 24 H. Condensate Removal System 25 Part 6 - Wiring 26 A. Line Voltage Input 26 B. Line Voltage Condensate Output 26 C. Internal Wiring Diagram 27 Part 7 - Gas Connections 29 A. Gas Piping 30 B. Gas Table 30 Part 8 - Start-Up Procedure 32 A. Operating Instructions 32 B. Overall Water Heater and Control Operation 32 C. Status Menu 32 D. Test Mode 32 E. Maintenance 33 Part 9 - Shutdown 33 A. Shutdown Procedure 33 B. Vacation Procedure 33 C. Failure to Operate 33 D. Important Notice 33 Part 10 - Troubleshooting 34 A. Error Code 34 B. Heater Error 34 C. Lockout 34 Part 11 - Installation Checklist 39 Part 12 - Maintenance 40 Limited Warranty 44 Maintenance Notes 46 Customer Installation Record Form 47 Part 1 - General Safety Information Indoor Installation This water heater is approved for indoor installations and is not intended for use as a pool heater. Clearance to combustible materials: 0 top, bottom, sides, and back. Heater must have room for service: 24 front and 12 sides are minimum recommended service clearances. (A combustible door or removable panel is acceptable front clearance.) This water heater has been approved for closet installation and installation on combustible flooring. Do not install directly on carpeting. Install the water heater in a location where temperature and pressure relief valve discharge or a leak will not result in damage to the surrounding area. If such a location is not available, install an auxiliary catch pan. Use only Category IV vent systems. Outdoor Installation This water heater is approved for outdoor installations and is not intended for use as a pool heater. Clearance to combustible materials: 0 top, bottom, sides, and back. Heater must have room for service: 24 front and 12 sides are minimum recommended service clearances. Special attention should be paid to ensure that T&P valve discharge and drainage from condensate line will not adversely affect the surrounding area or pose a hazard in freezing conditions. This water heater has a condensate disposal system that may freeze if exposed to sustained temperatures below 32 o F. Precautions should be taken to protect the condensate trap and drain lines from freezing conditions. Failure to take precautions could result in property damage, serious personal injury, or death. Installer - Read all instructions in this manual before installing. Perform steps in the given order. User - This manual is for use only by a qualified heating installer / service technician. Have this water heater serviced / inspected annually by a qualified service technician. FAILURE TO ADHERE TO THE GUIDELINES ON THIS PAGE CAN RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL PROPERTY DAMAGE, SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY, OR DEATH.
5 5 NOTE: If the water heater is exposed to the following, do not operate. Immediately call a qualified service technician. 1. Fire 2. Damage 3. Water Failure to follow this information could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. DO NOT USE THIS WATER HEATER IF ANY PART HAS BEEN SUBMERGED IN WATER. Immediately call a qualified service technician. The water heater MUST BE replaced if it has been submerged. Attempting to operate a water heater that has been submerged could create numerous harmful conditions, such as a potential gas leakage causing a fire and/or explosion, or the release of mold, bacteria, or other harmful particulates into the air. Operating a previously submerged water heater could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. NOTE: Water heater damage due to flood or submersion is considered an Act of God, and IS NOT covered under product warranty. NOTE: Obey all local codes. Obtain all applicable permits before installing the water heater. NOTE: Install all system components and piping in such a manner that does not reduce the performance of any fire rated assembly. Altering any HTP, Inc. water heater with parts not manufactured by HTP, Inc. WILL INSTANTLY VOID the water heater warranty and could result in property damage, personal injury, or death. This water heater has been designed to heat potable water ONLY. Using this water heater to heat non-potable fluid WILL VOID product warranty, and could result in property damage, personal injury, or death. Do not use this water heater for anything other than its intended purpose (as described in this manual). Doing so could result in property damage and WILL VOID product warranty. High heat sources (sources generating heat 100 o F / 37 o C or greater, such as stove pipes, space heaters, etc.) may damage plastic components of the water heater as well as plastic vent pipe materials. Such damages ARE NOT covered by warranty. It is recommended to keep a minimum clearance of 8 from high heat sources. Observe heat source manufacturer instructions, as well as local, state, provincial, and national codes, laws, regulations and ordinances when installing this water heater and related components near high heat sources. A. Improper Combustion Do not obstruct the flow of combustion and ventilating air. Adequate air is necessary for safe operation. Failure to keep the exhaust vent and combustion air intake clear of ice, snow, or other debris could result in property damage, serious personal injury, or death. B. Gas Should overheating or gas supply fail to shut off, turn off the manual gas control valve to the water heater. C. When Servicing the Water Heating System Be sure to disconnect electrical power before performing service. Failure to do so could result in electrical shock, property damage, serious personal injury, or death. To avoid electric shock, disconnect electrical supply before performing maintenance. NOTE: When inquiring about service or troubleshooting, reference the model and serial numbers from the water heater rating label. To avoid severe burns, allow water heater and associated equipment to cool before servicing. D. Heater Water Do not use petroleum-based cleaning or sealing compounds in a water heating system. Gaskets and seals in the system may be damaged. This can result in substantial property damage. Do not use homemade cures or patent medicines. Damage to the water heater, substantial property damage, and/or serious personal injury may result. E. Freeze Protection NOTE: Consider piping and installation when determining heater location. Failure of the water heater due to freeze related damage IS NOT covered by product warranty. NEVER use any toxic chemical, including automotive, standard glycol antifreeze, or ethylene glycol made for hydronic (nonpotable) systems. These chemicals can attack gaskets and seals in water systems, are poisonous if consumed, and can cause personal injury or death. UNCRATING THE WATER HEATER - Any claims for damage or shortage in shipment must be filed immediately against the transportation company by the consignee. F. Water Temperature Adjustment If the water heater is going to have a set temperature above 120 o F, you must use an ASSE 1017 rated mixing valve to avoid severe burns or death from scalding temperatures. Households with small children, disabled, or elderly persons may require a 120 o F or lower temperature setting to prevent severe personal injury or death due to scalding.
6 6 Approximate Time / Temperature Relationships in Scalds 120 o F More than 5 minutes 125 o F 1 1/2 to 2 minutes 130 o F About 30 seconds 135 o F About 10 seconds 140 o F Less than 5 seconds 145 o F Less than 3 seconds 150 o F About 1 1/2 seconds 155 o F About 1 second Table 1 - Approximate Time / Temperature Relationships in Scalds Part 2 - Before You Start Remove all sides of the shipping crate of the water heater. A. What s in the Box Components included with the water heater: Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve Brass Tee and Bushing LP Conversion Kit (NG Models Only) Installation Manual and Warranty User s Information Manual B. How the Heater Operates Modulating Condensing Technology is an intelligent system that delivers highly efficient water heating, maximizing efficiency by measuring the data parameters of your water heating system. Some of its features are: Stainless Steel Water Storage Tank The stainless steel water storage tank has a combustion chamber submerged into the tank water. When the water heater is fired, combustion gases heat the combustion chamber walls, transferring heat directly into the surrounding water. These hot gases are blown into secondary heat exchanger coils, where more heat from these gases is transferred into the water. Dual Modulating Combustion Systems The water heater is provided with two independent combustion systems (PHP models have a single combustion system). Each combustion system has a separate control that modulates burner output based on measurements taken by water temperature sensors located within the upper and lower portions of the storage tank, efficiently regulating burner output to match system demand. These systems increase efficiency and allow for substantial fuel savings. Gas Valve The gas valve senses suction from the blower, allowing gas to flow only if the gas valve is energized and combustion air is flowing. Upper Outlet Tank Sensor This sensor monitors the upper portion water temperature (outlet) of the water heater. The control module adjusts burner firing rate so the outlet water temperature meets the set point. Lower Inlet Tank Sensor This sensor monitors the lower portion water temperature (inlet) of the water heater. The control module reduces or increases input, depending on how close the inlet water temperature is to the outlet water temperature set point. Control The integrated control system monitors upper and lower water temperature and adjusts fan speed to regulate the heater s energy output. This allows the unit to deliver the required amount of heated energy and nothing more. Burner Constructed of high grade stainless steel, the burner uses premixed air and gas and provides a wide range of firing rates. Condensate Drain System This is a condensing high efficiency water heater with a condensate removal system. Condensate is nothing more than water vapor derived from combustion products, similar to that of an automobile when it is initially started. It is very important that the condensate line slopes away from the water heater and down to a suitable inside drain. If the condensate outlet on the heater is lower than the drain, us a condensate removal pump (Part # , available from HTP). In addition, local authorities may require an additional condensate neutralizer to neutralize the condensate. Condensate neutralizers are made up of lime crystals, marble, or phosphate chips. Neutralizers can be installed in the field by the installer and purchased from HTP (p/n 7450P-212). It is also very important not to expose the condensate line to freezing temperatures or any type of blockage. Plastic tubing must be the only material used for the condensate line. Steel, brass, copper, or other materials will be subject to corrosion or deterioration. A second vent may be necessary to prevent condensate line vacuum lock on a long horizontal run. Also, an increase in pipe size may be necessary to allow condensate to drain properly. Support of the condensate line may be necessary to avoid blockage of the condensate flow. Spark Ignition The burner flame is ignited by applying high voltage to the system spark electrode. This causes a spark from electrode to ground. C. Optional Equipment Optional equipment available from HTP (and Part #): 3 Stainless Steel Vent Termination Kit (V1000) 4 Stainless Steel Vent Termination Kit (V2000) 3 PVC Concentric Vent Kit (KGAVT0601CVT) 3 Polypro Vent Kit (8400P-001) 3 Polypro Pipe (33 length # 8400P-002, 49.5 length # 8400P-003) PC Connection Kit (7250P-320) Condensate Neutralizer (7450P-212) Part 3 - Prepare the Water Heater Remove all sides of the shipping crate to allow the heater to be moved into its installation location. COLD WEATHER HANDLING - If the water heater has been stored in a very cold location (BELOW 0 o F) before installation, handle with care until the components come to room temperature. Failure to do so could result in damage to the water heater. Carefully consider installation when determining heater location. Please read the entire manual before attempting installation. Failure to properly take factors such as heater venting, piping, condensate removal, and wiring into account before installation could result in wasted time, money, and possible property damage and personal injury.
7 7 A. Locating the Water Heater These heaters are design certified for outdoor installations. Heaters must not be installed under an overhang unless clearances are in accordance with local codes, the requirements of the gas supplier / utility, and the AHJ. Three sides must remain open in the area under the overhang. Roof water drainage must be diverted away from heaters installed under overhangs. Failure of heater or components due to incorrect operating conditions IS NOT covered by product warranty. Incorrect ambient conditions can lead to damage to the heating system and put safe operation at risk. Ensure that the installation location adheres to the information included in this manual. Failure to do so could result in property damage, serious personal injury, or death. Failure of heater or components due to incorrect operating conditions IS NOT covered by product warranty. This water heater is heavy. Take precautions when moving the water heater into its installation location to avoid tipping, bumping, or dropping it. Failure to take such precautions may result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. This water heater has a condensate disposal system that may freeze if exposed to sustained temperatures below 32 o F. Precautions should be taken to protect the condensate trap and drain lines from sustained freezing conditions. Failure to take precautions could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. 1. a. Indoor Installation Area (Mechanical Room) Operating Conditions Ensure ambient temperatures are higher than 32 o F / 0 o C and lower than 140 o F / 60 o C Prevent the air from becoming contaminated by the products, places, and conditions listed in this manual Avoid continuously high levels of humidity Never close existing ventilation openings Ensure a minimum 1 clearance around hot water and exhaust vent pipes b. Outdoor Installation Heater must be placed in an area where the exhaust plume will not be recirculated into the louver system located on the front access panel. Avoid fences or walls that extend above the exhaust vent termination. Pipe the exhaust vent so that it terminates level with or above the fence, wall, or enclosed area. Do not install heaters in locations where rain from building runoff may spill onto the heater. Doing so could result in premature product failure. Such failures ARE NOT covered by warranty. Do not locate where sprinklers may spray directly onto the heater cabinet and possibly into the louvers, which could damage the control system and internal components of the water heater. Such damages ARE NOT covered by warranty. Do not install directly on the ground, as the water heater is heavy when filled with water. Install the heater level on a concrete pad, block, or pressure treated wood platform, designed to support the weight of the water heater and components when filled with water. The water heater must be properly supported and installed level in order to operate and drain condensate properly. Do not install the water heater under a deck or porch. Do not install the water heater in a well, stairwell, alcove, courtyard, or other recessed area. Do not install the water heater on stack frames. In areas where heater is exposed to sustained temperatures below 32 o F, provisions must be made to protect the water heater, condensate lines, and piping from freezing. The use of heat tape is recommended to avoid freezing. It is also recommended to bush up the condensate line size to 1 and terminate condensate discharge line as close to the unit as possible. Longer condensate runs are more prone to freezing. Locate heater at least 10 away from any forced air inlet. Maintain a clearance of at least 48 below or horizontal from any window, door, walkway, or gravity air intake. Never place heater under a porch. In areas where it can get extremely hot (over 100 o F, it is recommended to install the heater in an area that avoids direct sunlight to keep the internal components cooler. Failure to follow this instruction could lead to premature failure. Such failures ARE NOT covered by warranty. Figure 1 - Outdoor Installation Recommendations 2. Check for nearby connections to: System water piping Venting connections Gas supply piping Electrical power Condensate drain
8 8 3. Check area around heater. Remove any combustible materials, gasoline, and other flammable liquids. When installing the heater outdoors, ensure the installation location is not near the exhaust or intake terminations of other gas-fired products boilers, water heaters, furnaces, etc. Failure to do so could result in the recirculation of exhaust fumes. Exhaust recirculation could result in a hazardous condition and cause substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Failure to keep the water heater area clear and free of combustible materials, liquids, and vapors can result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. The service life of the water heater s exposed metallic surfaces, such as the casing, as well as internal surfaces, such as the heat exchanger, are directly influenced by proximity to damp and salty marine environments. In such areas higher concentration levels of chlorides from sea spray coupled with relative humidity can lead to degradation of water heater components. In these environments, heaters must not be installed using direct vent systems which draw outdoor air for combustion. Such heaters must be installed using room air for combustion. Indoor air will have a much lower relative humidity, and hence potential corrosion will be minimized. High heat sources (generating heat 100 o F / 37 o C or greater, such as boiler flue pipes, space heaters, etc.) may damage plastic components of the water heater as well as plastic vent pipe materials. Such damages ARE NOT covered by warranty. It is recommended to keep a minimum clearance of 8 from high heat sources. Observe heat source manufacturer instructions, as well as local, state, provincial, and national codes, laws, regulations, and ordinances when installing this water heater and related components near high heat sources. Locate the water heater where any leakage from the relief valve, related piping, tank, or connections will not result in damage to surrounding areas or lower floors of the building. The water heater should be located near a floor drain or installed in a drain pan. Leakage damages ARE NOT covered by warranty. Failure of the water heater or components due to incorrect operating conditions IS NOT covered by product warranty. 4. Gas control system components must be protected from dripping water during operation and service. 5. If the heater is to replace an existing heater, check for and correct any existing system problems, such as: System leaks Location that could cause the system and heater to freeze and leak Incorrectly sized expansion tank 6. Clean and flush system when reinstalling a heater. NOTE: When installing in a zero clearance location, it may not be possible to read or view some product labeling. It is recommended to make note of the heater model and serial number. B. Leveling In order for the condensate to properly flow out of the collection system, the area where you locate the heater must be level. Location must also fully support the weight of the filled water heater. C. Clearances for Service Access All water heaters eventually leak. It is recommended to install a catch pan beneath the water heater. This catch pan should be sized with a maximum depth of 2, and a minimum diameter 2 greater than the diameter of the water heater. The catch pan should empty into an open drain line. This drain line should be 3/4 ID minimum, piped to an open drain. Failure to follow these instructions could result in property damage. Such damages ARE NOT covered by product warranty. Figure 2 - Minimum Service Clearances and Catch Pan Dimensions NOTE: If you do not provide the minimum clearances shown in Figure 2 it might not be possible to service the heater without removing it from the space.
9 9 The space must be provided with combustion / ventilation air openings correctly sized for all other appliances located in the same space as the heater. The heater cover must be securely fastened to prevent the heater from drawing air from the heater room. This is particularly important if the heater is in a room with other appliances. Failure to comply with the above warnings could result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. D. Residential Garage Installation Precautions If the heater is located in a residential garage, per ANSI Z223.1: Install the water heater burner and ignition devices a minimum of 18 above the floor of the garage. This will ensure the burner and ignition devices are well off the floor. When raising the water heater ensure the entire bottom and fully filled weight of the water heater are fully supported. Locate or protect the water heater so it cannot be damaged by a moving vehicle. E. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe The heater is rated ANSI Z Category IV (pressurized vent, likely to form condensate in the vent) and requires a special vent system designed for pressurized venting. NOTE: The venting options described here (and further detailed in the Venting section, this manual) are the lone venting options approved for this water heater. Failure to vent the water heater in accordance with the provided venting instructions will void the warranty. Failure to vent the water heater properly will result in serious personal injury or death. Do not attempt to vent this water heater by any means other than those described in this manual. Doing so will void the warranty and may result in severe personal injury or death. Vents must be properly supported. Heater exhaust and intake connections are not designed to carry heavy weight. Vent support brackets must be within 1 of the heater and the balance at 4 intervals. Heater must be readily accessible for visual inspection for first 3 from the water heater. Failure to properly support vents could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. The exhaust discharged by this water heater may be very hot. Avoid touching or other direct contact with the exhaust gases of the vent termination assembly. Doing so could result in severe personal injury or death. 1. Indoor Direct Vent of Exhaust and Intake If installing a direct vent option, combustion air must be drawn from the outdoors directly into the water heater intake and exhaust must terminate outdoors. There are three basic direct vent options detailed in this manual: 1. Side Wall Venting, 2. Roof Venting, and 3. Unbalanced Venting. Be sure to locate the heater such that the exhaust vent and intake piping can be routed through the building and properly terminated. Different vent terminals can be used to simplify and eliminate multiple penetrations in the building structure (see Optional Equipment in Venting Section). The exhaust vent and intake piping lengths, routing, and termination methods must all comply with the methods and limits given in the Venting Section, this manual. When installing a combustion air intake from outdoors, care must be taken to utilize uncontaminated combustion air. To prevent combustion air contamination, see Table Indoor Combustion Air in Confined or Unconfined Space This heater requires fresh, uncontaminated air for safe operation and must be installed in a mechanical room where there is adequate combustion and ventilating air. NOTE: To prevent combustion air contamination, see Table 2. Combustion air from the indoor space can be used if the space has adequate area or when air is provided through a duct or louver to supply sufficient combustion air based on the water heater input. Never obstruct the supply of combustion air to the water heater. If the water heater is installed in areas where indoor air is contaminated (see Table 2) it is imperative that the water heater be installed as direct vent so that all combustion air is taken directly from the outdoors into the water heater intake connection. Unconfined space is space with volume greater than 50 cubic feet per 1,000 BTU/hr (4.8 cubic meters per kw) of the total input rating of all fuel-burning appliances installed in that space. Rooms connected directly to this space through openings not furnished with doors are considered part of the space. See Venting Section for details. Confined space is space with volume less than 50 cubic feet per 1,000 BTU/hr (4.8 cubic meters per kw) of the total input rating of all fuel-burning appliances installed in that space. Rooms connected directly to this space through openings not furnished with doors are considered part of the space. When drawing combustion air from inside a conventionally constructed building to a confined space, such space should be provided with two permanent openings: one located 6 (15 cm) below the space ceiling, the other 6 (15cm) above the space floor. Each opening should have a free area of one square inch per 1,000 BTU/hr (22cm 2 /kw) of the total input of all appliances in the space, but not less than 100 square inches (645cm 2 ). If the confined space is within a building of tight construction, air for combustion must be obtained from the outdoors as outlined in the Venting section of this manual. When drawing combustion air from the outside into the mechanical room, care must be taken to provide adequate freeze protection. 3. Outdoor Installation This water heater is designed to draw combustion air through the louver system in the front of the heater cabinet. Before commissioning or starting a heater installed outdoors, the end cap must be removed so that the heater draws combustion air through the louvers. This combustion air also serves to cool the internal electronics when the heater is installed in very warm climates. To prevent combustion air contamination or exhaust recirculation: Ensure the heater is located away from the building. Flue gas can cause damage to exterior walls and other devices.
10 10 Locate the heater at least 48 below or horizontally from any window, door, walkway, or gravity air intake. Locate the heater 10 away from any public area, outdoor sitting area, or forced air inlet. Locate the heater away from areas that may change over time. Do not allow the growth of trees, shrubs, or plants to obstruct proper operation of the exhaust vent system. If the heater is located in a fenced area, ensure the unit exhaust vent extends level with or above the top of the fence to ensure flue gas does not get trapped and possible recirculated into the louver system, which could contaminate combustion air. See Venting section for additional details. Failure to provide an adequate supply of fresh combustion air can cause poisonous flue gases to enter the living space, resulting in severe personal injury or death. To prevent combustion air contamination, see Table 2. F. Prevent Combustion Air Contamination Install intake air piping for the heater as described in the Venting Section, this manual. Do not terminate exhaust in locations that can allow contamination of intake air. NOTE: DAMAGE TO THE HEATER CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO CORROSIVE VAPORS IS NOT COVERED BY WARRANTY. (Refer to the limited warranty for complete terms and conditions.) G. Removing a Heater from a Common Vent System Do not install the heater into a common vent with any other appliance. This will cause flue gas spillage or appliance malfunction, resulting in possible substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Failure to follow all instructions can result in flue gas spillage and carbon monoxide emissions, causing severe personal injury or death. Ensure that the intake air will not contain any of the contaminants in Table 2. Contaminated air will damage the heater, resulting in possible substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. For example, do not pipe intake air near a swimming pool or laundry facilities. These areas always contain contaminants. Products to Avoid Spray cans containing fluorocarbons Permanent wave solutions Chlorinated waxes / cleaners Chlorine-based swimming pool chemicals Calcium chloride used for thawing Sodium chloride used for water softening Refrigerant leaks Paint or varnish removers Hydrochloric or Muriatic acid Cements and glues Antistatic fabric softeners used in clothes dryers Chlorine-type bleaches, laundry detergents, and cleaning solvents Areas Likely to Have Contaminants Dry cleaning / laundry areas and establishments Swimming pools Metal fabrication plants Beauty shops Refrigeration repair shops Photo processing plants Auto body shops Plastic manufacturing plants Furniture refinishing areas and establishments New building construction Remodeling areas Garages and workshops Adhesives used to fasten building products Table 2 - Products and Areas Likely to Have Contaminants Figure 3 - CO Warning Label When removing an existing heater, follow the steps below. 1. Seal any unused openings in the common venting system. 2. Visually inspect the venting system for proper size and horizontal pitch to determine if there is blockage, leakage, corrosion, or other deficiencies that could cause an unsafe condition. 3. If practical, close all building doors, windows, and doors between the space in which the water heater remains connected to the common venting system and other spaces in the building. Turn on clothes dryers and any appliances not connected to the common venting system. Turn on any exhaust fans, such as range hoods and bathroom exhausts, at maximum speed. Do not operate a summer exhaust fan. Close all fireplace dampers. 4. Place in operation the appliance being inspected. Follow the lighting instructions. Adjust the thermostat so the appliance will operate continuously. 5. Test for spillage at the draft hood relief opening after 5 minutes of main burner operation. Use the flame of a match or candle or smoke from a cigarette. 6. After it has been determined that each appliance remaining connected to the common venting system properly vents when
11 11 tested as outlined, return doors, windows, exhaust fans, fireplace dampers, and any other gas burning appliances to their previous condition of use. 7. Any improper operation of the common venting system should be corrected to conform to the National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z When resizing any portion of the common venting system, the system should approach the minimum size as determined using the appropriate tables in Appendix G of ANSI Z H. Water Chemistry Requirements Chemical imbalance of the water supply may affect efficiency and cause severe damage to the water heater and associated equipment. HTP recommends having water quality professionally analyzed to determine whether it is necessary to install a water softener. It is important that the water chemistry on both the domestic hot water and central heating sides are checked before installing the water heater, as water quality will affect the reliability of the system. In addition, operating temperatures above 135 o F will further accelerate the build-up of lime scale and may shorten the service life of the water heater. Failure of a water heater due to lime scale build-up, low ph, or other chemical imbalance IS NOT covered by the warranty. Outlined below are water quality parameters that need to be met in order for the system to operate efficiently for many years. Water Hardness Water hardness is mainly due to the presence of calcium and magnesium salts dissolved in water. The concentration of these salts is expressed in mg/l, ppm, or grains per gallon as a measure of relative water hardness. Grains per gallon is the common reference used in the US water heater industry. Hardness expressed as mg/l or ppm may be divided by 17.1 to convert to grains per gallon. Water may be classified as very soft, slightly hard, moderately hard, or hard based on its hardness number. The minerals in the water precipitate out as the water is heated and cause accelerated lime scale accumulation on a heat transfer surface. This lime scale build-up may result in premature failure of the water heater. Operating temperatures above 135 o F will further accelerate the build-up of lime scale and may shorten the service life of the water heater. Water that is classified as hard and very hard must be softened to avoid water heater failure. corrosive. ph of Water ph is a measure of relative acidity, neutrality, or alkalinity. Dissolved minerals and gases affect water ph. The ph scale ranges from 0 to 14. Water with a ph of 7 is considered neutral. Water with ph lower than 7 is considered acidic. Water with a ph higher than 7 is considered alkaline. A neutral ph (around 7) is desirable for most potable water applications. Corrosion damage and tank failures resulting from water ph levels of lower than 6 or higher than 8 ARE NOT covered by warranty. The ideal ph range for water used in a water heater is 7.2 to 7.8. Total Dissolved Solids Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is a measurement of all minerals and solids dissolved in a water sample. The concentration of TDS is usually expressed in parts per million (ppm). Water with a high TDS concentration will greatly accelerate lime and scale formation in the hot water system. Most high TDS concentrations precipitate out of the water when heated. This can generate a scale accumulation that will greatly reduce the service life of the water heater. The manufacturer of the water heater has no control over water quality, especially TDS levels in your system. TDS in excess of 2000 ppm will accelerate lime and scale formation on the element or the heat exchanger. Water heater failure due to TDS in excess of 2000 ppm IS NOT covered by warranty. Failure of a water heater due to lime scale build-up IS NOT covered by warranty. Hardness: 7 grains Chloride levels: 100 ppm ph levels: 6-8 TDS: 2000 ppm Sodium: 20 mg/l CLASSIFICATION MG/L OR PPM GRAINS/GAL Soft Slightly Hard Moderately Hard Hard Very Hard 180 and over 10.5 and over If the hardness of the water exceeds the maximum level of 7 grains per gallon, the water should be softened to a hardness level no lower than 5 grains per gallon. Water softened as low as 0 to 1 grain per gallon may be under-saturated with respect to calcium carbonate, resulting in water that is aggressive and
12 12 Figure 4 - Water Heater Dimensions - NOTE: All Dimensions Are Approximate BTU/Hr 199, , ,000 Efficiency 95% Performance Specifications for Phoenix Plus Models Temperature Rise in Degrees Fahrenheit (F) and Celsius (C) ( F) ( C) GPH LPH GPH LPH GPH LPH GPH ,000 LPH Table 3-95% Thermal Efficiency Used for Calculations Performance Equations Rated Input x.95 GPM = Temp Rise ( o F) x 500 GPH = GPM x 60
13 13 Part 4 - Piping Failure to follow the instructions in this section WILL VOID the warranty and may result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Dielectric unions or galvanized steel fittings must not be used in a system with this water heater. Doing so WILL VOID the warranty. Use only copper, brass, or stainless steel fittings. Teflon thread sealant must be used on all connections. DO NOT pipe this water heater with black iron, galvanized steel, steel, or lead pipe. Doing so will result in premature product failure and property damage, and WILL VOID the warranty. A. Heater Plumbing Use two wrenches when tightening water piping at heater. Use one wrench to prevent the heater return or supply line from turning. Failure to prevent piping connections from turning could cause damage to heater components. The heater control module uses temperature sensors to provide both high limit protection and modulating temperature control. The control module also provides low water protection by sensing the water level in the tank. Some codes / jurisdictions may require additional external controls. Pump motors should not be supported by any type of stand due to possible misalignment of pump and motor. Failure to follow this instruction may result in property damage or personal injury. The domestic water connections must be installed in accordance to all local and national plumbing codes, or any applicable standard which prevails. The inlet (cold) and outlet (hot) ports are 1 1/2 on all models. The water heaters are shipped with a brass drain valve located on the inside of the cabinet. The water heater is also equipped with a 1 auxiliary port that can be used as a recirculation line. The auxiliary port is located between the upper and lower combustion systems. When used, the recirculation line will increase overall heater efficiency. If there is a backflow preventer or any type of a no return valve in the system, install an additional tee on the cold feed line to connect to a potable hot water expansion tank. In the hot outlet, install a suitable adapter to match the copper tubing of the plumbing system. A thermal trap or heat trap loop may be installed here to provide additional energy savings and prevent the thermal siphoning of domestic hot water. B. Auxiliary Connection The auxiliary connection is provided to improve efficiency via recirculation. This connection must be installed in accordance with all local and national codes or any applicable standard that prevails. Auxiliary connection is 1 on all models. Never use dielectric unions or galvanized steel fittings. Use only copper or brass fittings. Sealant must be used on all connections. Never connect auxiliary connections to any system that uses glycol or other solutions formulated for hydronic systems. These auxiliary connections are to be used only in a potable water system. Failure to follow this warning could result in serious injury or death. C. Backflow Preventer Use a backflow preventer specifically designed for water heater installations. This valve should be installed on the cold water fill supply line per local codes. D. Potable Expansion Tank A potable hot water expansion tank is required to offset heated water expansion. In most city plumbing systems, the water meter has a no return or back flow device built into the system to prevent back flowing of water into city mains. Some local codes require back flow preventers on all incoming water supplies. The hot water expansion tank must be listed for potable water use. The expansion tank should be located on the cold inlet piping close to the water heater. Expansion Tank and Make-Up Water 1. Ensure that the expansion tank is sized to correctly handle heater and system water volume and temperature. Undersized expansion tanks cause system water to be lost from the relief valve, causing make-up water to be added. Eventual heater failure can result due to excessive make-up water addition. SUCH FAILURE IS NOT COVERED BY WARRANTY. The expansion tank must be suitable for hot potable water systems. 2. The expansion tank must be located as shown in Applications, this manual, or following recognized design methods. See expansion tank manufacturer s instructions for details. E. Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve Overheated water and high pressures can cause water tank explosion. A properly sized temperature and pressure relief valve must be installed in the opening provided on the water heater. Failure to install a properly sized temperature and pressure relief valve could result in explosion and property damage, serious injury, or death. To avoid water damage or scalding due to relief valve operation: Discharge line must be connected to relief valve outlet and run to a safe place of disposal. Terminate the discharge line in a manner that will prevent possibility of severe burns or property damage should the relief valve discharge. Discharge line must be as short as possible and the same size as the valve discharge connection throughout its entire length. Discharge line must pitch downward from the valve and terminate at least 6 above the floor drain, making discharge clearly visible. The discharge line shall terminate plain, not threaded, with a material serviceable for temperatures of 375 o F or greater. Do not pipe discharge to any location where freezing
14 14 could occur. No valve may be installed between the relief valve and heater or in the discharge line. Do not plug or place any obstruction in the discharge line. Test the operation of the relief valve after filling and pressurizing the system by lifting the lever. Make sure the valve discharges freely. If the valve fails to operate correctly, immediately replace with a new properly rated relief valve. Test T&P valve at least once annually to ensure the waterway is clear. If valve does not operate, turn the heater off and call a plumber immediately. Take care whenever operating relief valve to avoid scalding injury or property damage. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE ABOVE GUIDELINES COULD RESULT IN FAILURE OF RELIEF VALVE OPERATION, RESULTING IN POSSIBILITY OF SUBSTANTIAL PROPERTY DAMAGE, SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY, OR DEATH. Do not thread a cap or plug into the relief valve or relief valve line under any circumstances! Explosion and property damage, serious injury, or death may result. RE-INSPECTION OF T&P RELIEF VALVES: T&P valves should be inspected AT LEAST ONCE EVERY THREE YEARS, and replaced if necessary, by a licensed plumbing contractor or qualified service technician to ensure that the product has not been affected by corrosive water conditions and to ensure that the valve and discharge line have not been altered or tampered with illegally. Certain naturally occuring conditions may corrode the valve and its components over time, rendering the valve inoperative. Such conditions can only be detected if the valve and its components are physically removed and inspected. Do not attempt to conduct an inspection on your own. Contact your plumbing contractor for a re-inspection to assure continued safety. FAILURE TO RE-INSPECT THE T&P VALVE AS DIRECTED COULD RESULT IN UNSAFE TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE BUILD-UP WHICH CAN RESULT IN PROPERTY DAMAGE, SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY, OR DEATH. F. Scalding This water heater can deliver scalding water. Be careful whenever using hot water to avoid scalding injury. Certain appliances such as dishwashers and automatic clothes washers may require increased water temperatures. By setting the thermostat on this heater to obtain the increased water temperature required by these appliances you may create the potential for scald injury. To protect against injury, install a mixing valve in the water system. This valve will reduce point of use discharge temperatures by mixing cold and hot water in branch supply lines. Such valves are available from your local plumbing supplier. Table 4 details the relationship of water temperature and time with regard to scald injury and may be used as a guide in determining the safest water temperature for your applications. An ASSE 1017 or ASSE 1070 temperature limiting or mixing valve is recommended in installations servicing disabled or elderly persons, or children. Mixing valves do not eliminate the risk of scalding. To avoid scalding: Set the water heater set point temperature as low as possible. Feel water before bathing or showering. If thermostatic valves are required, use devices specifically designed for such purpose. Install these devices in accordance with instructions provided by the manufacturer. Failure to install a temperature limiting or mixing valve and follow these instructions could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death due to scalds. Approximate Time / Temperature Relationships in Scalds 120 o F More than 5 minutes 125 o F 1 1/2 to 2 minutes 130 o F About 30 seconds 135 o F About 10 seconds 140 o F Less than 5 seconds 145 o F Less than 3 seconds 150 o F About 1 1/2 seconds 155 o F About 1 second Table 4 - Approximate Time / Temperature Relationships in Scalds G. Filling the Heater The water heater must be full of water and the system fully purged BEFORE powering the water heater. When filling the water heater, open a hot water tap to release air in the tank and piping. All air has been purged from the system when water runs freely from the faucets. Applying power to the water heater when it is not full of water will damage the heat exchanger, and could result in property damage, serious personal injury, or death. Such damages ARE NOT covered by water heater warranty. Make certain the drain valve is completely closed. Open the shut-off valve in the cold water supply line. Open the hot water faucets to allow air to vent from the heater and piping. Allow sufficient time for the heater to completely fill with water.
15 15 H. Applications Figure 5 - Reverse Manifold Piping NOTES: 1. Minimum pipe size should match connection size. Upsize pipe accordingly if greater flow is required. 2. A thermal expansion tank suitable for potable water must be sized and installed within this piping system between the backflow preventer and the cold water inlet. 3. All circulators should have an integral flow check. 4. Drains and check valve between unit and storage tank will assist in purging air from system. 5. These drawings are meant to demonstrate system piping only. The installer is responsible for all equipment and detailing required by local codes. In Massachusetts, you must install a vacuum relief valve per 248 CMR. 6. Mixing valve application is optional, but recommended to help prevent scalding. 7. Always shut off power to the water heater or isolate the heater from the system if ANY plumbing work is to be done. Running the water heater without water will result in dryfiring. The piping will not support the weight of the water heater circulator pump. Refer to the pump manufacturer s installation instructions to properly support the circulator pump. Failure to comply with these instructions could result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Figure 6 - Piping with Recirculation Line and Thermostatic Mixing Valve
16 16 Part 5 - Venting and Condensate Removal The heater must be vented as detailed in this section. Ensure exhaust vent and intake piping complies with these instructions regarding vent system. Inspect finished exhaust vent and intake piping thoroughly to ensure all joints are well secured, airtight, and comply with all applicable code requirements, as well as the instructions provided in this manual. Failure to properly install the vent system will result in severe personal injury or death. A. General This heater is certified as a Category IV appliance and requires a special venting system. The vent system will operate with a positive pressure in the pipe. Exhaust gases must be piped directly outdoors using the vent materials and rules outlined in these instructions. Do not connect vent connectors serving appliances vented by natural draft into any portion of mechanical draft systems operating under positive pressure. Follow the venting instructions carefully. Failure to do so will result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. 1. Installation should be made in accordance with the regulations of the Authority Having Jurisdiction, local code authorities, and utility companies which pertain to this type of water heating equipment. 2. Install the venting system in accordance with these instructions and with the National Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1/ NFPA 54, CAN/CGA B149, and / or applicable provisions of local building codes. 3. This water heater must be vented with materials, components, and systems listed and approved for Category IV appliances. Exhaust and intake are to be piped separately. This heater cannot share a common exhaust or intake with multiple appliances. Failure to follow these instructions will result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. NOTE: To avoid contamination often contained in indoor air, it is best to pipe all intake combustion air directly to the outdoors. NOTE: If exhaust vent pipe system passes through an unheated space such as an alcove or attic, the space must be heated or the pipe must be insulated. The insulation must have an R value sufficient to prevent freezing of the condensate. Improper seating of vent pipe gaskets can cause eventual gasket failure and exhaust gas leakage. Ensure the exhaust vent pipe is properly beveled and seated before insertion into the flue adapter. Failure to do so could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Due to the extreme flammability of most glues, cements, solvents, and primers used to join plastic exhaust vent and intake pipes, explosive solvent vapors must be cleared from all vent piping before start-up. Avoid using excess cement or primer, as this may pool in the vent pipes. Vent assemblies should be allowed to cure for a period of at least 8 hours before powering a connected appliance. Failure to follow these instructions will result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. It is the installers responsibility to understand the hazards associated with explosive solvents and take the necessary precautions to avoid these risks. DO NOT insulate the first 3 feet of the exhaust vent. CPVC, Polypropylene, or Stainless Steel pipe material MUST be used for the first 3 feet of the vent run if the exhaust vent is insulated or passes through an enclosed space greater than 6, such as a wall. The balance of the vent run can be installed with standard Schedule 40 PVC pipe. Failure to comply with this warning could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Exhaust vent adaptors are not designed as load-bearing devices, and must not be used to support exhaust vent piping. All vent pipes must be properly connected, supported, and the exhaust vent must be pitched a minimum of 1/4 per foot back to the heater to allow drainage of condensate. Failure to properly support vent piping and follow the information in this statement could result in product damage, severe personal injury, or death.
17 B. Approved Materials for Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Item Exhaust Vent or Intake Pipe and Fittings Pipe Cement / Primer Material PVC Schedule 40/80 PVC-DWV* CPVC Schedule 40/80 Polypropylene Stainless Steel AL29-4C United States ANSI / ASTM D1785 ANSI / ASTM D2665 ANSI / ASTM F441 UL-1738 Standards for Installation In: Canada PVC, CPVC, and PP Venting Must be ULC-S636 Certified. IPEX is an approved manufacturer in Canada. Certified for Category IV and Direct Vent Appliance Venting PVC ANSI / ASTM D2564 IPEX System 636 Cements and CPVC ANSI / ASTM F493 Primers 17 The exhaust and intake components installed with this heater must be used for near heater piping BEFORE transitioning to the approved materials listed above. DO NOT REMOVE these installed components. Doing so WILL VOID heater warranty. PVC / CPVC pipe and fittings of the same diameter are considered interchangeable. DO NOT use Foam Core Pipe in any portion of the exhaust piping from this water heater. DO NOT connect PVC / CPVC to PP without an approved vent connector. When installing AL29-4C vent piping, install a PVC-to-stainless adapter at the heater vent connection, and at the termination when using a PVC termination kit. DO NOT mix AL29-4C piping from different manufacturers unless using adapters specifically designed for the purpose by the manufacturer. A double wall vent may be used when using stainless steel vent material in a freezing climate. *PVC-DWV may be used for air intake applications ONLY. Contact the venting material manufacturer if there is any question about the applicability of the proposed venting material. Failure to follow these directions will result in substantial property damage, severe personal injury, or death. Table 5 - Approved Materials for Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe DO NOT mix components from different venting systems. The vent system could fail, causing leakage of flue products into the living space. Use only the approved pipe and fitting materials, and primer and cement specifically designed for the material used, as listed in the above table. Failure to do so could result in property damage, serious injury, or death. High heat sources (generating heat 100 o F / 37 o C or greater, such as boiler flue pipes, space heaters, etc.) may damage plastic components of the water heater as well as plastic vent pipe materials. Such damages ARE NOT covered by warranty. It is recommended to keep a minimum clearance of 8 from high heat sources. Observe heat source manufacturer instructions, as well as local, state, provincial, and national codes, laws, regulations, and ordinances when installing this water heater and related components near high heat sources. NOTE: The use of double-wall vent or insulated material for the combustion air intake pipe is recommended in cold climates to prevent the condensation of airborne moisture in the incoming combustion air. C. Additional Requirements for Installation in Canada 1. Installations must be made with a vent pipe system certified to ULC-S636. IPEX is an approved vent manufacturer in Canada supplying vent material listed to ULC-S636. Additionally, you may use AL29-4C stainless steel venting to comply with Canadian requirements. 2. The first three (3) feet of vent pipe from the water heater flue outlet must be readily accessible for visual inspection. 3. The components of the certified vent system must not be interchanged with other vent systems or unlisted pipe / fittings. Cellular foam core piping may be used on air inlet piping only. You must not use B vent in an exhaust application. B vent is for intake applications ONLY. Using B vent in an exhaust application will result in serious injury or death.
18 18 D. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Location E Exhaust Vent Terminal I Intake Pipe Terminal Area Where Terminal Is Not Permitted Figure 7 - Exit Terminals for Direct Vent Systems - ANSI Z223.1 / NFPA 54 for US and CAN/CSA B149.1 for Canada DETERMINE EXHAUST VENT AND INTAKE PIPE LOCATION NOTES: INSTALLATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES A. Provide a minimum of 1 foot clearance from the bottom of the exhaust vent and intake pipe above the expected snow accumulation level. Snow removal may be necessary to maintain clearance. B. Provide a minimum of 1 foot distance from exhaust vent termination to any door, operable window, or gravity intake into any building. C. Provide a minimum of 1 foot distance from exhaust vent termination to any permanently closed door or window. D. Provide a minimum of 4 feet vertical clearance from the exhaust vent to all roof overhangs. E. Locating exhaust vent termination near roof overhangs will result in the formation of icicles in freezing weather, and could result in blockage of the exhaust vent. To prevent icicles from forming, maintain 4 feet vertical clearance from the exhaust vent to all roof overhangs. F. Provide 4 feet clearance from the outside corner of vertical walls, chimneys, etc., as well as horizontal corners created by roof overhangs. G. Provide 6 feet clearance from the inside corner of vertical walls, chimneys, etc., as well as horizontal corners created by roof overhangs. H. Provide 4 feet clearance from center line within a height of 15 feet above electrical meters, gas meters, gas regulators, relief equipment, exhaust fans and inlets. I. Provide 4 feet horizontal clearance from electrical meters, gas meters, gas regulators, relief equipment, exhaust fans and inlets. In no case shall the exit terminal be above or below the aforementioned equipment unless the 4 foot horizontal distance is maintained. J. This water heater vent system shall terminate at least 3 feet (0.9 m) above any forced air intake located within 10 ft (3 m). NOTE: This does not apply to the combustion air intake of a direct-vent appliance. K. When venting with a two pipe system, maximum distance between exhaust vent and intake pipe is 6 feet (1.8 m). Minimum d i s t a n c e between exhaust vent and intake pipe on single direct vented appliance is 10 (0.255 m) center-to-center. Minimum distance between exhaust vents and intake pipes on multiple water heaters is 10 (0.255 m) centerto-center. L. When adjacent to a public walkway, locate exit terminal at least 7 feet above grade. In addition: Total length of vent piping shall not exceed the limits specified in this manual. The vent piping for this direct vented appliance is approved for zero clearance to combustible construction. The flue products coming from the exhaust vent will create a large plume when the heater is in operation. Avoid venting in areas that will affect neighboring buildings or be considered objectionable. DO NOT locate exhaust vent or intake pipe in a parking area where machinery may damage the pipe. DO NOT locate the exhaust vent or intake pipe terminals under a porch, balcony, or veranda. Avoid terminating exhaust vents near shrubs, air conditioners, or other objects that will obstruct the exhaust stream. DO NOT vent over a public walkway. Condensate could drip or freeze and create a nuisance or hazard. NOTE: Due to potential moisture build-up, sidewall venting may not be the preferred venting option. Carefully consider venting installation and location to save time and cost. INSTALLATIONS IN CANADA NOTE: Canadian installation must comply with the CAN/CSA B149.1 code and applicable local codes and supersede the restrictions for the United States outlined in this section. The building owner is responsible for keeping the exhaust and intake terminations free of snow, ice, or other potential blockages, as well as scheduling routing maintenance. Failure to keep the vent piping terminations clear and properly maintain the heater could result in property damage, severe personal injury, or death. For each floor containing bedroom(s), a carbon monoxide detector and alarm shall be placed in the living area outside the bedrooms, as well as in the room that houses the heater. Detectors and alarms shall comply with NFPA 720 (latest edition). Failure to comply with these requirements could result in product damage, severe personal injury, or death. E. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Sizing 1. The exhaust vent and intake pipe size is 4 for all models. 2. The maximum total equivalent length of 4 exhaust vent and intake pipe should not exceed 200 feet. a. The equivalent length of elbows, tees, and other fittings
19 19 are listed in the Friction Loss Table. Friction Loss Equivalent in Piping and Fittings Fittings or Piping Equivalent Feet Degree Elbow* Degree Elbow 3 1 Coupling 0 0 Air Inlet Tee 0 0 Straight Pipe 1 1 Concentric Kit 3 N/A V500 2 Kit N/A N/A V Kit 1 1 V Kit 1 1 Table 6 - *Friction loss for long radius elbow is 1 foot less. NOTE: Consult Polypropylene venting instructions for friction loss and pressure drop equivalents. b. For example: If exhaust vent has two 90 o elbows and 10 feet of PVC pipe we will calculate: Exhaust Vent Equivalent Length = (2x3) + 10 = 16 feet. Further, if the intake pipe has two 90 o elbows, one 45 o elbow, and 10 feet of PVC pipe, the following calculation applies: Intake Pipe Equivalent Length = (2x3) = 17 feet. Total Equivalent Length = = 33 feet. The total equivalent length is 33 feet, well below the maximum of 200 feet. c. Effort should be made to keep a minimum difference in equivalent length between the exhaust vent and intake pipe. d. The vent size on the PHP can also be reduced down to a 3 vent from a 4 vent in order to accommodate existing vent sizes. When reducing down to a 3 vent from a 4 vent on PHP models, the total length shall not exceed 100 equivalent feet. Vent reduction must begin at the heater. 3. The minimum total equivalent length is 16 feet. Do not reduce the vent size on any model other than the PHP Doing so could result in water heater shutdown and property damage. Do not exceed the maximum lengths for vent pipes. Excessive length could result in heater shutdown and property damage. Failure to provide a minimum total vent length of 16 equivalent feet could result in property damage and improper product operation. F. Exhaust Vent and Intake Pipe Installation All joints of positive pressure vent systems must be sealed completely to prevent leakage of flue products into the living space. Failure to do so could result in property damage, serious injury, or death. NOTE: Do not block any air openings in the cabinet to ensure proper cooling and ventilation of components. When venting in an Indoor Installation: Remove cap installed outside the water heater cabinet from the air intake and leave the cap inside the water heater cabinet installed. When venting in an Outdoor Installation: Remove cap from the air intake inside the water heater and leave the cap outside the water heater installed. See Figure 8 for details. Failure to do so could result in property damage, serious injury, or death. Figure 8 - Air Intake Instructions 1. Use only solid PVC, CPVC, or stainless steel pipe, or a Polypropylene vent system approved for use with Category IV appliances. FOAM CORE PIPING IS NOT APPROVED FOR EXHAUST VENT APPLICATIONS. Foam core piping may be used on air inlet piping only. 2. Remove all burrs and debris from joints and fittings. 3. When using PVC or CPVC pipe, all joints must be properly cleaned, primed, and cemented. Use only cement and primer approved for use with the pipe material. Cement must conform to ASTM D2564 for PVC and ASTM F493 for CPVC pipe. NOTE: DO NOT CEMENT POLYPROPYLENE PIPE. 4. Ensure the vent is located where it will not be exposed to prevailing winds. 5. In all roof venting applications, exhaust discharge must point away from the pitch of the roof. 6. If the exhaust vent is to be terminated in a walled off area (such as a roof with a parapet wall), ensure the exhaust vent terminates a minimum of 10 from nearest wall and extends level with or above the top of the wall. This will ensure flue gas does not get trapped and possibly recirculated into the intake air pipe, which could contaminate the combustion air. 7. To prevent water leakage, install adequate roof flashing where the pipe enters the roof. 8. Do not locate vent over public walkways, driveways, or parking lots. Condensate could drip and freeze, resulting in a slip hazard or damage to vehicles and machinery. 9. Due to potential moisture build-up, sidewall venting may not be the preferred venting option. To save time and cost, carefully
20 20 consider venting installation and location. 10. Horizontal lengths of exhaust vent must slope back towards the water heater not less than ¼ per foot to allow condensate to drain from the vent pipe. 11. The exhaust vent must terminate where vapors cannot make accidental contact with people or pets, or damage shrubs or plants. 12. In vacant chimney applications, install and seal a rain cap over existing chimney openings. 13. All piping must be fully supported. Use pipe hangers at a minimum of 4 foot intervals to prevent sagging of the pipe where condensate may form. 13. Do not use the heater to support any piping. 14. It is recommended to install screens in outside vent terminations to prevent debris from entering the exhaust vent and intake pipes. The following table lists optional exhaust/intake terminations available from HTP: Description Stock Code 3 PVC Concentric Termination Kit KGAVT0601CVT 3 Stainless Steel Termination Kit V Stainless Steel Termination Kit V Polypro Vent Kit 8400P-001 Table 7 - Optional Vent Kits G. Applications 1. Indoor Direct Vent Installation of Exhaust and Intake If installing a direct vent option, combustion air must be drawn from the outdoors directly into the water heater intake, and exhaust must terminate outside. There are three basic direct vent options detailed in this manual: 1. Side Wall Venting, 2. Roof Venting, and 3. Unbalanced Venting. Be sure to locate the heater such that the exhaust vent and intake pipe can be routed through the building and properly terminated. Different vent terminals can be used to simplify and eliminate multiple penetrations in the building structure (see Optional Equipment in Venting Section). The exhaust vent and intake pipe lengths, routing and termination methods must all comply with the methods and limits given in the Venting section of this manual. When installing a combustion air intake from outdoors, care must be taken to utilize uncontaminated combustion air. NOTE: To prevent combustion air contamination, see Table 2. Take extra precaution to adequately support the weight of vent pipes terminating through the roof. Failure to properly support roof terminated piping could result in property damage, serious injury, or death. 6/23/15 TWO PIPE SIDEWALL VENTING WITH TEE (INTAKE) AND COUPLING (EXHAUST) Figure 9 - Two Pipe Roof and Sidewall Venting with Included Equipment (Tee and Coupling) NOTE: These drawings are meant to demonstrate system venting only. The installer is responsible for all equipment and detailing required by local codes. All vent pipes must be glued, properly supported, and the exhaust pitched a minimum of 1/4 per foot back to the heater to allow drainage of condensate. When placing support brackets on vent piping, the first bracket must be within 1 foot of the water heater and the balance of 4 foot intervals on the vent pipe. Venting must be readily accessible for visual inspection from the first three feet from the heater.