Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP6442255B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-26 11:43:01
Document Index: 460931710

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 4', 'art 6', 'art 8', 'art, 6', 'art, 6', 'art, 8', 'art, 18']

JP6442255B2 - Battery pack - Google Patents
JP6442255B2
JP6442255B2 JP2014241413A JP2014241413A JP6442255B2 JP 6442255 B2 JP6442255 B2 JP 6442255B2 JP 2014241413 A JP2014241413 A JP 2014241413A JP 2014241413 A JP2014241413 A JP 2014241413A JP 6442255 B2 JP6442255 B2 JP 6442255B2
JP2014241413A
JP2016103925A (en
峻平 山路
隆良 遠藤
2014-11-28 Application filed by 株式会社マキタ filed Critical 株式会社マキタ
2014-11-28 Priority to JP2014241413A priority Critical patent/JP6442255B2/en
2016-06-02 Publication of JP2016103925A publication Critical patent/JP2016103925A/en
2018-12-19 Publication of JP6442255B2 publication Critical patent/JP6442255B2/en
230000004224 protection Effects 0 claims description 66
The present invention relates to a battery pack including a control circuit that controls discharge from a battery to an external load.
This type of battery pack is provided with a switching element such as an FET in the discharge path from the battery to the external load, and the control circuit conducts the switching element to discharge the battery to the external load. To give permission.
In addition, the control circuit switches the switching element when an abnormality occurs during discharging, for example, when the discharging current exceeds a threshold during discharging from the battery to the external load and the state (that is, the overcurrent state) continues for a predetermined time or longer. The battery is cut off to protect the battery from overdischarge or the like (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent No. 4831171
By the way, in the battery pack, since the control circuit operates by receiving power supply from the battery, the discharge current from the battery becomes excessive due to a short circuit on the external load side, and the battery voltage rapidly decreases. The control circuit may stop operating.
In this case, since the control circuit cannot shut off the switching element before the operation is stopped, the current may continue to flow through the switching element after the operation of the control circuit is stopped.
This is because a capacitor for stabilizing the input voltage is usually provided at the control terminal of the switching element (the gate when the switching element is an FET, and the base when the switching element is a bipolar transistor). is there.
In other words, even if the drive voltage is not input from the control circuit to the control terminal of the switching element due to the stop of the operation of the control circuit, the switching element is turned on until the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor connected to the control terminal is discharged. The current continues to flow.
In this case, the voltage at the control terminal of the switching element gradually decreases due to the discharge of the capacitor. For this reason, since the on-resistance of the switching element increases, the power consumption in the switching element increases and the switching element may fail.
Therefore, the present invention provides a battery pack having a control circuit for controlling discharge from the battery, even if the control circuit stops operating due to a sudden drop in battery voltage, the switching element on the discharge path is promptly shut off. An object of the present invention is to prevent the switching element from failing.
The battery pack of the present invention includes a battery, a switching element that is provided in a discharge path from the battery to an external load, and that conducts and blocks the discharge path, a control circuit, and a protection circuit.
The control circuit operates by receiving power supply from the battery, and permits the discharging from the battery to the external load by conducting the switching element. In addition, when an abnormality occurs in the battery or the external load during discharge from the battery to the external load, the control circuit blocks the switching element and prohibits the discharge from the battery to the external load.
The protection circuit monitors the operation state of the control circuit, and shuts off the switching element when the control circuit becomes inoperable.
For this reason, according to the battery pack of the present invention, even if the battery voltage drops rapidly and the control circuit becomes inoperable, the protection circuit detects that fact and shuts off the switching element. .
For this reason, when the battery voltage drops rapidly when the switching element is in a conductive state, it is possible to prevent a current from continuing to flow through the switching element and to prevent the switching element from being damaged due to the energization.
Here, in order to operate the protection circuit, a power supply for driving the protection circuit is required. However, since the protection circuit needs to be operated even when the battery voltage decreases, the power supply can be a battery or a control circuit. It is recommended to use a power storage unit charged from
The power storage unit only needs to be charged with the power required for the protection circuit to shut off the switching element. Therefore, a capacitor with a small capacity can be used for the power storage unit, which reduces cost and size. it can.
Further, a backflow prevention diode may be provided in the charging path from the battery or the control circuit to the power storage unit.
In this way, when the battery voltage or the power supply voltage of the control circuit decreases, the power charged in the power storage unit is prevented from being discharged to the battery or the control circuit, and the protection circuit operates more reliably. To be able to.
Next, the protection circuit may be configured as a first protection circuit (so-called watchdog circuit) that determines the operation stop of the control circuit by monitoring a pulse signal periodically output from the control circuit, or You may comprise as a 2nd protection circuit which determines the operation stop of a control circuit from the change of the electric potential of the output port of a control circuit. Further, the protection circuit may be configured by a combination of the first protection circuit and the second protection circuit.
When the protection circuit is configured as a first protection circuit (a so-called watchdog circuit), the control circuit may be configured to output a pulse signal from the first output port at a predetermined cycle during normal operation.
In other words, in this way, the first protection circuit is configured to determine that the control circuit has become inoperable when the pulse signal is not output from the first output port of the control circuit, and to shut off the switching element. do it.
In the case where a power storage unit is provided as a power source for the first protection circuit, the power storage unit may be configured to be charged from a battery via a diode.
That is, the first protection circuit determines that the control circuit becomes inoperable when the pulse signal is not output from the first output port of the control circuit. 1 A predetermined delay time is required until the protection circuit can cut off the switching element.
For this reason, the power storage unit needs to be charged with the amount of power required to operate the first protection circuit during the delay time. For this purpose, the charging voltage to the power storage unit may be increased. .
Therefore, it is preferable to use a battery voltage higher than the power supply voltage for charging the power storage unit serving as the power supply of the first protection circuit, rather than using the power supply voltage of the control circuit. And by this structure, the capacity | capacitance of an electrical storage part can be made small and cost and size can be suppressed.
On the other hand, when the protection circuit is configured as the second protection circuit, when the control circuit is normally operating, when the second output port becomes a predetermined potential (high or low) and the control circuit stops operating, The control circuit may be configured such that the second output port is opened and enters a floating state.
In this case, the second protection circuit can shut off the switching element when the control circuit becomes inoperable as the battery voltage decreases and the second output port is in a floating state. The element can be quickly shut off.
Note that in the case where a power storage unit is provided as a power supply for the second protection circuit, the power storage unit may be configured to be charged from the control circuit via a diode.
In this way, when the control circuit is operating normally, the power supply voltage of the control circuit and the charging voltage to the power storage unit can be made the same voltage, and the second voltage is determined by the voltage difference between these voltages. It is possible to prevent current from flowing from the protection circuit to the second port or vice versa.
That is, when the power storage unit serving as the power supply of the second protection circuit is charged with the battery voltage, the power supply voltage of the second protection circuit becomes larger than the power supply voltage of the control circuit. It can be considered that the second protection circuit flows to the second port or the opposite direction (in the case of a negative power supply).
In this case, it is necessary to prevent a current from flowing between the second protection circuit and the second port by providing a voltage limiting element and limiting the power supply voltage supplied from the power storage unit to the second protection circuit. However, if the power storage unit is charged from the control circuit, the voltage limiting element can be eliminated.
It is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the battery pack of embodiment. It is an electric circuit diagram showing the circuit structure of the battery pack of 1st Embodiment. It is a time chart showing operation | movement of the protection circuit of 1st Embodiment. It is an electric circuit diagram showing the circuit structure of the battery pack of 2nd Embodiment. It is a time chart showing the protection operation | movement of the protection circuit of 2nd Embodiment. It is an electric circuit diagram showing the circuit structure of the battery pack of 3rd Embodiment. It is a time chart showing operation of a protection circuit of a 3rd embodiment.
The battery pack 1 of the present embodiment is for supplying power to the electric tool. As shown in FIG. 1, the battery pack 1 is detachably mounted on the outer wall of the battery pack 1 to the electric tool or charger. A connector portion 4 is provided. The connector part 4 is provided with a power supply terminal part 6 and a connection terminal part 8 for electrical connection with an electric tool and a charger.
As shown in FIG. 2, the battery pack 1 is provided on the positive terminal 6 </ b> A and the negative terminal 6 </ b> B provided on the power supply terminal 6, the positive terminal 6 </ b> C for charging, and the connection terminal 8. Connection terminals 8A to 8C, a battery 10 housed in a case of the battery pack 1, and various circuits for charge / discharge control are provided.
Here, the positive electrode side terminal 6A and the negative electrode side terminal 6B are connected to the positive electrode side terminal and the negative electrode side terminal of the electric power tool when the battery pack 1 is attached to the electric power tool, and supply power from the battery 10 to the electric power tool. belongs to.
For this reason, the positive terminal 10A of the battery 10 is connected to the positive terminal 6A via the positive power line LA, and the negative terminal 10B of the battery 10 is connected to the negative terminal 6B via the negative power line LB. It is connected.
Note that, on the negative electrode side power supply line LB from the negative electrode terminal 10B of the battery 10 to the negative electrode side terminal 6B of the battery pack 1, a current detection resistor SR and a cutoff switch 22 are provided in order from the negative electrode terminal 10B side. Further, the negative terminal 10 </ b> B of the battery 10 is connected to a ground line in the battery pack 1.
Next, the connection terminal 8A is for connecting the control circuit 20 in the battery pack 1 and the control circuit on the electric tool side so that they can communicate when the battery pack 1 is mounted on the electric tool. 1 is connected to the control circuit 20 via a signal line.
The connection terminal 8B is for connecting the control circuit 20 and the control circuit on the charger side in a communicable manner when the battery pack 1 is attached to the charger. Via the control circuit 20.
Further, the connection terminal 8C is connected to the power supply line on the charger side when the battery pack 1 is attached to the charger, and inputs the power supply voltage of the charger to the charger detector 16 in the battery pack 1. belongs to.
Therefore, the charger detection unit 16 detects that the battery pack 1 is connected to the charger based on the input voltage from the connection terminal 8 </ b> C, and outputs a detection signal indicating that to the control circuit 20.
Similarly to the positive terminal 6A, the positive terminal 6C for charging is connected to the positive power line LA, and when the battery pack 1 is attached to the charger, charging is performed between the positive terminal 6C and the negative power line LB. The charging voltage is taken from the battery and used to supply a charging current to the battery 10.
Next, the control circuit 20 is for controlling charging / discharging of the battery 10, and is composed of a microcomputer centering on the CPU 20a, the ROM 20b, and the RAM 20c.
Then, when the battery pack 1 is mounted on the electric tool, the control circuit 20 can perform two-way communication with the control circuit on the electric tool side via the connection terminal 8A.
Further, when the battery pack 1 is mounted on the electric tool, the control circuit 20 detects the fact via the charger detection unit 16, and communicates with the control circuit on the charger side via the connection terminal 8 </ b> B. It becomes possible to communicate in the direction.
Further, the battery 10 is configured by connecting a plurality of chargeable / dischargeable battery cells B1, B2,... Bn in series between the positive electrode terminal 10A and the negative electrode terminal 10B, for driving the electric tool. Generate DC voltage. In the present embodiment, the battery 10 is constituted by, for example, a lithium ion battery.
The battery 10 is connected to an AFE (analog front end) 12 for detecting the battery state.
The AFE 12 is an analog circuit configured to detect the cell voltages of the battery cells B1, B2,... Bn constituting the battery 10 in accordance with a command from the control circuit 20 and output the detection result to the control circuit 20.
The AFE 12 detects a charging current to the battery 10 and a discharging current from the battery 10 via a resistor SR provided on the negative power supply line LB, and outputs a detection result to the control circuit 20. (Not shown) is also built-in.
Further, the battery pack 1 includes a voltage detection circuit 14 for detecting an output voltage Vpack (in other words, a battery voltage) from the positive terminal 6A, and a power supply voltage ( A regulator 18 for generating a DC constant voltage (Vcc) is also provided.
The voltage detection circuit 14 includes two resistors R11 and R12 that divide the output voltage Vpack, and inputs the divided voltage to the control circuit 20 as a detection result of the output voltage Vpack.
The regulator 18 can also be supplied with power from the connection terminal 8C. This is to allow the control circuit 20 to be driven by supplying power from the charger to the regulator 18 when the battery pack 1 is attached to the charger when the battery voltage drops.
Next, the cutoff switch 22 provided in the negative power supply line LB includes a switching element Q22 made of FET, and a resistor R22 and a capacitor C22 provided between the gate and source of the switching element Q22.
The switching element Q22 is configured by, for example, an n-channel MOSFET, the drain is connected to the negative terminal 6B, and the source is connected to the negative terminal 10B of the battery 10 via the resistor SR.
The gate of the switching element Q22 is connected to the positive power supply line LA via the control switch SW1, the resistor R1, and the diode D1.
One end of the control switch SW1 is directly connected to the positive power supply line LA, and the other end is connected to the gate of the switching element Q22 via the resistor R1 and the diode D1.
The diode D1 has an anode connected to the resistor R1 and a cathode connected to the gate of the switching element Q22.
The control switch SW1 constitutes a bias circuit for driving the switching element Q22 together with the resistor R1 and the diode D1, and is turned on / off by a control signal from the control circuit 20.
When the control switch SW1 is in the on state, the drive voltage is applied to the gate of the switching element Q22, the switching element Q22 (and thus the cutoff switch 22) is turned on, and the battery 10 can be charged / discharged. . In this state, the capacitor C22 is charged.
Further, when the control switch SW1 is switched from the on state to the off state, the drive voltage is not supplied from the control switch SW1 to the switching element Q22, but immediately after the switching, the drive voltage is supplied from the capacitor C22 to the switching element Q22. .
Accordingly, the switching element Q22 (and thus the cut-off switch 22) is turned on until the gate-source voltage becomes equal to or lower than the threshold value Vth due to the discharge of the capacitor C22, and is turned off after a predetermined discharge period. The charge / discharge path to 10 is cut off.
This discharge period is set by a time constant determined by the capacitance of the capacitor C22 and the resistance value of the resistor R22. The discharge period is set in this way because when the drive voltage of the switching element Q22 fluctuates due to noise or the like, the cutoff switch 22 is switched to the OFF state, and charging or discharging of the battery 10 is stopped. This is to prevent it. That is, the capacitor C22 is used to stabilize the drive voltage.
Next, when the battery pack 1 is not connected to the power tool and the charger, the control circuit 20 controls the control switch SW1 to be turned off, thereby turning off the cutoff switch 22 and charging / discharging the battery 10. Shut off.
In addition, when the battery pack 1 is connected to the power tool or the charger, the control circuit 20 controls the control switch SW1 to be in an on state, thereby turning on the cutoff switch 22 and charging or discharging the battery 10. Make the path conductive.
In addition, the control circuit 20 monitors the detection signal from the AFE 12 or the voltage detection circuit 14 while controlling the control switch SW1 to be in an on state, thereby detecting a voltage or current abnormality during charging / discharging of the battery 10. To detect.
When an abnormality is detected, the control circuit 20 outputs a cutoff signal (high level) for quickly turning off the cutoff switch 22 from the output port P1.
That is, in the present embodiment, the switching element Q1 for grounding the input path to the ground line is provided in the input path of the drive voltage from the diode D1 to the cutoff switch 22 (specifically, the gate of the switching element Q22). .
When the control circuit 20 detects an abnormality such as a battery voltage or a charge / discharge current during charging / discharging of the battery 10, the control circuit 20 turns on the switching element Q <b> 1 and sets the gate of the switching element Q <b> 22 to the ground potential, thereby 22 is turned off.
As described above, when the abnormality is detected, the cutoff switch 22 is turned off via the switching element Q1 in order to quickly discharge the capacitor C22 of the cutoff switch 22 and to quickly cut off the charging / discharging path to the battery 10. It is.
Further, the switching element Q1 used for this purpose is an FET in which the drain is connected to the gate of the switching element Q22 via the resistor R2, the source is grounded to the ground line, and the resistor R3 is provided between the gate and the source. (For example, an n-channel MOSFET).
A cutoff signal (high level) output from the output port P1 of the control circuit 20 is input to the gate of the switching element Q1 via the resistor R5 and the diode D3, and the switching element Q1 is turned on by this cutoff signal. Switch to state.
The diode D3 is a diode for preventing backflow, and has an anode connected to the output port P1 of the control circuit 20 via the resistor R5, and a cathode connected to the gate of the switching element Q1.
Further, the resistance value of the resistor R2 is set to a value smaller than the resistance R22 of the cutoff switch 22 in order to quickly discharge the capacitor C22.
Next, a protection circuit 24 as a so-called watchdog circuit that monitors the operating state of the control circuit 20 and a capacitor C1 as a power storage unit are connected to the gate of the switching element Q1.
One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the positive power supply line LA via the diode D2, the resistor R1, and the control switch SW1, and the other end is connected to the gate of the switching element Q1 via the resistor R4. Grounded to line.
The diode D2 has an anode connected to a connection point between the resistor R1 and the diode D1, and a cathode connected to one end of the capacitor C1.
Therefore, when the control switch SW1 is in the on state, the capacitor C1 is directly charged from the battery 10 via the resistor R1, and the charge voltage is divided by the resistor R4 and the resistor R3, so that the gate of the switching element Q1 is obtained. Will be applied.
Further, the control circuit 20 is configured to periodically output a pulse signal (Watch Dog Pulse shown in FIG. 3) from the output port P2 at a predetermined time interval during normal operation.
The protection circuit 24 receives the pulse signal and grounds the gate of the switching element Q1 to the ground line, thereby holding the switching element Q1 in the off state.
Further, when the pulse signal is no longer output from the control circuit 20, the protection circuit 24 detects that the control circuit 20 is not operating normally and opens the gate of the switching element Q1 and the ground line.
As a result, a high voltage higher than the threshold voltage Vth of the switching element Q1 is applied from the capacitor C1 to the gate of the switching element Q1, and the switching element Q1 is turned on.
For this reason, when the pulse signal is no longer output from the output port P2 of the control circuit 20 (that is, when the operation of the control circuit 20 is stopped or abnormal), the cutoff switch 22 is promptly operated by the operation of the protection circuit 24. Will be blocked.
The protection circuit 24 has a drain connected to the gate of the switching element Q1 via a resistor R31, a source grounded to a ground line, and a resistor R32 provided between the gate and the source (for example, n A switching element Q31 composed of a channel MOSFET) is provided.
The protection circuit 24 also includes a capacitor C31 having one end connected to the gate of the switching element Q31 and the other end grounded to the ground line.
The capacitor C31 is charged via a resistor R33, a capacitor C32, and a diode D31 by a pulse signal (high level) output from the output port P2 of the control circuit 20, and when the pulse signal output is stopped, the capacitor C31 passes through the resistor R32. Discharged.
In the protection circuit 24 of the present embodiment configured as described above, when a pulse signal (Watch Dog Pulse) is periodically output from the output port P2 of the control circuit 20, as shown in FIG. The gate voltage of Q31 is equal to or higher than the threshold voltage Vth.
Therefore, when the control circuit 20 is operating normally, the switching element Q31 is turned on, and the switching element Q1 is turned off.
When the output of the pulse signal (Watch Dog Pulse) from the output port P2 of the control circuit 20 is stopped (time point t1), the capacitor C31 is discharged, so that the gate voltage of the switching element Q31 gradually decreases.
When the gate voltage becomes lower than the threshold voltage Vth (time point t2), the switching element Q31 is turned off and the switching element Q1 is turned on.
Therefore, according to this embodiment, when discharging from the battery 10 to the power tool, the control circuit 20 stops operating due to a sudden drop in the battery voltage, and the protection signal is not output when the shut-off signal from the output port P1 is not output. The cut-off switch 22 can be turned off by the circuit 24 to cut off the discharge current.
For this reason, when the control circuit 20 stops operating, the switching element Q22 is turned on until the capacitor C22 in the cutoff switch 22 is discharged, the current continues to flow through the switching element Q22, and the switching element Q22 fails. Can be prevented.
In the present embodiment, the switching element Q22 constituting the cutoff switch 22 corresponds to the switching element of the present invention, the output port P2 of the control circuit 20 corresponds to the first output port of the present invention, and the protection circuit Reference numeral 24 corresponds to the first protection circuit of the present invention. The capacitor C1 charged from the battery 10 via the resistor R1 and the diode D2 corresponds to the power storage unit of the present invention.
Since the basic configuration of the battery pack 2 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the battery pack 1 of the first embodiment, differences from the battery pack 1 of the first embodiment will be described in the following description.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the battery pack 2 of the present embodiment, a cutoff switch 22 and a cutoff switch 26 are connected in series to the negative power supply line LB.
Similarly to the cutoff switch 22, the cutoff switch 26 includes a switching element Q26 made of FET, and a resistor R26 and a capacitor C26 provided between the gate and the source of the switching element Q26.
The drain of the switching element Q26 is connected to the negative terminal 6B, and the gate is connected to the positive power line LA via the diode D4, the resistor R6, and the control switch SW1.
The diode D4 has an anode connected to the resistor R6 and a cathode connected to the gate of the switching element Q26.
For this reason, when the control switch SW1 is in the on state, the drive voltage is applied to the gate of the switching element Q26, and the switching element Q26 (and hence the cutoff switch 26) is turned on. Further, when the control switch SW1 is in the off state, the switching element Q26 (and thus the cutoff switch 26) is in the off state.
Next, in the input path of the drive voltage from the diode D4 to the cutoff switch 26 (specifically, the gate of the switching element Q26), the switching element Q2 for grounding this input path to the ground line via the resistor R7 is provided. It has been.
The switching element Q2 is configured by an FET (for example, an n-channel MOSFET), like the switching element Q1, and the drain is connected to the gate of the switching element Q26 via the resistor R7, and the source is grounded to the ground line. . A resistor R8 is provided between the gate and source of the switching element Q2.
In addition, a charging circuit 28 that takes in the power supply voltage Vdd output from the control circuit 20 through the diode D41 and charges the capacitor C41 as a power storage unit is connected to the gate of the switching element Q2.
The charging circuit 28 is provided with a resistor R41 that divides the charging voltage of the capacitor C41 with the resistor R8 and applies it to the gate of the switching element Q2 to turn on the switching element Q2.
The connection path between the resistor R41 and the gate of the switching element Q2 is connected to the output port P3 of the control circuit 20.
In the control circuit 20, the output port P3 has an output transistor (shown in FIG. 3) that is turned on when the control circuit 20 is operating with power supplied from the regulator 18 and grounds the output port P3 to the ground line. (Not shown) is connected.
Therefore, during the operation of the control circuit 20, the switching element Q2 is turned off, and the cutoff switch 26 is turned on by the drive voltage supplied via the control switch SW1.
Further, when the control circuit 20 stops operating due to a sudden drop in battery voltage, the output port P3 enters a floating state.
When the control circuit 20 stops operating, the power supply voltage Vdd is not output from the control circuit 20, but when the control circuit 20 stops operating, the capacitor C41 in the charging circuit 28 is charged.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the control circuit 20 stops operating (time t1) when discharging from the battery 10 to the power tool, the voltage from the capacitor C41 to the gate of the switching element Q2 is higher than the threshold voltage Vth. The voltage is applied, and the switching element Q2 is turned on.
When the switching element Q2 is turned on, the gate of the switching element Q26 in the cutoff switch 26 becomes lower than the threshold voltage Vth, and the switching element Q26 is turned off, so that the discharge current from the battery 10 to the power tool Is cut off.
Therefore, according to the battery pack 2 of the present embodiment, when the control circuit 20 stops operating due to a sudden drop in battery voltage, the output from the output port P3 is normally switched to the floating state. The discharge path can be interrupted earlier than the battery pack 1 of the embodiment.
Further, for example, when the output port P3 is not switched to a floating state due to a failure of an output transistor provided in the output port P3 of the control circuit 20, the discharge path is blocked by the protection circuit 24 as in the first embodiment. .
For this reason, according to the battery pack 2 of the present embodiment, when the control circuit 20 stops operating due to a sudden drop in battery voltage, the discharge path is more reliably cut off, and the switching in the cut-off switches 22 and 26 is performed. It is possible to prevent the elements Q22 and Q26 from failing.
In the present embodiment, the switching elements Q22 and Q26 constituting the cutoff switches 22 and 26 correspond to the switching element of the present invention, and the output port P2 of the control circuit 20 corresponds to the first output port of the present invention. The protection circuit 24 corresponds to the first protection circuit of the present invention.
The output port P3 of the control circuit 20 corresponds to the second output port of the present invention, and the switching element Q2 and the resistors R7 and R8 correspond to the second protection circuit of the present invention and are charged in the charging circuit 28. The capacitor C41 corresponds to the power storage unit of the present invention.
Since the basic configuration of the battery pack 3 of the third embodiment is the same as that of the battery pack 1 of the first embodiment, differences from the battery pack 1 of the first embodiment will be described in the following description.
As shown in FIG. 6, in the battery pack 3 of the present embodiment, the control circuit 20 is provided with the output port P3 of the second embodiment instead of the output port P1 of the first embodiment.
The output port P3 is connected to the gate of the switching element Q1 via a resistor R5 and a diode D5. A charging circuit 29 is connected to a connection point between the resistor R5 and the diode D5 (specifically, the anode of the diode D5). Has been.
The charging circuit 29 is provided in place of the diode D2, the capacitor C1, and the resistor R4 of the first embodiment, and is configured similarly to the charging circuit 28 of the second embodiment.
That is, the charging circuit 29 takes in the power supply voltage Vdd output from the control circuit 20 through the diode D42, charges the capacitor C42 as the power storage unit, and supplies the charging voltage of the capacitor C42 through the resistor R42. The voltage is applied to the connection point between R5 and the diode D5.
The diodes D5 and D42 are composed of, for example, Schottky barrier diodes that have a lower forward voltage effect and higher switching speed than other diodes (PN junction diodes).
As in the above embodiments, the protection circuit 24 is connected to the gate of the switching element Q1 (specifically, the connection point between the gate of the switching element Q1 and the cathode of the diode D5). A diode D33 is provided as an element for the connection.
The diode D33 has an anode connected to the drain of the switching element Q31 and a cathode connected to the gate of the switching element Q1. The power supply voltage Vdd output from the control circuit 20 is applied to the drain of the switching element Q31 via the resistor R31.
For this reason, when the control circuit 20 is operating normally, the switching element Q31 of the protection circuit 24 is turned on, and a high driving voltage is not output from the protection circuit 24 to the gate of the switching element Q1.
On the other hand, when the control circuit 20 malfunctions and the output of the pulse signal (Watch Dog Pulse) from the output port P2 is stopped, the capacitor C31 is discharged, and the switching element Q31 is turned off.
Then, a high voltage for driving (voltage value: Vdd-forward voltage of the diode D33 (so-called Vf)) is output from the protection circuit 24 to the gate of the switching element Q1 via the diode D33. Turns on.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the protection circuit 24 operates as a general watchdog circuit, and can shut off the discharge current by turning off the cutoff switch 22 when the microcomputer constituting the control circuit 20 runs away. it can.
On the other hand, when the battery voltage is reduced during the discharge from the battery pack 3 to the power tool and the control circuit 20 stops operating, the power supply voltage Vdd output from the control circuit 20 is also reduced. The protection circuit 24 cannot turn on the switching element Q1.
However, as shown in FIG. 7, when the control circuit 20 stops operating during the discharge to the power tool (at time t1), the output port P3 is in a floating state, so that the threshold value is transferred from the capacitor C42 to the gate of the switching element Q1. A voltage higher than the voltage Vth is applied. This voltage is a voltage obtained by dividing the charging voltage of the capacitor C42 by the resistors R42 and R3.
Then, since the switching element Q1 is turned on, the gate of the switching element Q22 in the cutoff switch 22 becomes lower than the threshold voltage Vth, the switching element Q22 is turned off, and the battery 10 discharges to the electric tool. The current is cut off.
Therefore, according to the battery pack 3 of the present embodiment, when the control circuit 20 stops operating due to a sudden drop in the battery voltage and the output from the output port P3 is normally switched to the floating state, the second implementation is performed. Similarly to the battery pack 2 of the embodiment, the discharge path can be promptly interrupted.
In the present embodiment, the output port P3 of the control circuit 20 corresponds to the second output port of the present invention, the charging circuit 29 and the diode D5 correspond to the second protection circuit of the present invention, and the charging circuit 29 The capacitor C42 charged inside corresponds to the power storage unit of the present invention.
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, a various aspect can be taken.
For example, in the above embodiment, the switching elements provided in the battery packs 1 to 3 such as the switching elements Q22 and Q26 constituting the cutoff switches 22 and 26 have been described as FETs. However, the switching elements are bipolar transistors. It may be.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the battery packs 1-3 demonstrated as what supplies power to an electric tool, the battery pack of this invention has a built-in battery and supplies DC power to an external load. If there is, it can be applied in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1-3 ... Battery pack, 4 ... Connector part, 6 ... Power supply terminal part, 6A ... Positive electrode side terminal, 6B ... Negative electrode side terminal, 6C ... Positive electrode side terminal for charge, 8 ... Connection terminal part, 8A-8C ... Connection terminal DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Battery, 10A ... Positive electrode terminal, 10B ... Negative electrode terminal, 12 ... AFE, 14 ... Voltage detection circuit, 16 ... Charger detection part, 18 ... Regulator, 20 ... Control circuit, P1-P3 ... Output port, 20a ... CPU, 20b ... ROM, 20c ... RAM, SW1, control switch, 22,26 ... cutoff switch, Q22, Q26 ... switching element, 24 ... protection circuit, 28,29 ... charge circuit, C1, C41, C42 ... capacitor (storage) Part), D2, D41, D42... Diode (for backflow prevention).
A switching element provided in a discharge path from the battery to an external load, and conducting and blocking the discharge path;
The battery is operated by receiving power supply from the battery, and the switching element is turned on to allow discharge from the battery to the external load. When an abnormality occurs in the battery or the external load during the discharge, A control circuit that shuts off an element and prohibits discharge from the battery to the external load;
A protection circuit that monitors the operating state of the control circuit and shuts off the switching element when the control circuit becomes inoperable;
As a power source of the protection circuit, comprising a power storage unit charged from the battery or the control circuit ,
The control circuit has a second output port that becomes a predetermined potential when the control circuit is in operation and is in a floating state when the operation is stopped;
A battery pack comprising: a second protection circuit that, as the protection circuit, determines that the control circuit has become inoperable when the second output port of the control circuit is in a floating state, and shuts off the switching element. .
2. The battery pack according to claim 1 , wherein a diode for preventing backflow is provided in a charging path from the battery or the control circuit to the power storage unit.
The battery pack according to claim 2 ,
The battery pack, wherein the power storage unit serving as a power source for the second protection circuit is configured to be charged from the control circuit via the diode.
The control circuit is configured to output a pulse signal at a predetermined cycle from the first output port during normal operation,
As the protection circuit,
A first protection circuit that determines that the control circuit is disabled when the pulse signal is not output from the first output port, and shuts off the switching element;
The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:
The battery pack according to claim 4 , which refers to claim 2 .
The battery pack, wherein the power storage unit serving as a power source for the first protection circuit is configured to be charged from the battery via the diode.
JP2014241413A 2014-11-28 2014-11-28 Battery pack Active JP6442255B2 (en)
JP2014241413A JP6442255B2 (en) 2014-11-28 2014-11-28 Battery pack
US14/944,471 US9871389B2 (en) 2014-11-28 2015-11-18 Battery pack
EP15196590.2A EP3026781A1 (en) 2014-11-28 2015-11-26 Battery pack
CN201510847631.1A CN105656112B (en) 2014-11-28 2015-11-27 Battery pack
JP2016103925A JP2016103925A (en) 2016-06-02
JP6442255B2 true JP6442255B2 (en) 2018-12-19
ID=54707622
JP2014241413A Active JP6442255B2 (en) 2014-11-28 2014-11-28 Battery pack
US (1) US9871389B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3026781A1 (en)
JP (1) JP6442255B2 (en)
CN (1) CN105656112B (en)
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2014-11-28 JP JP2014241413A patent/JP6442255B2/en active Active
2015-11-18 US US14/944,471 patent/US9871389B2/en active Active
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CN105656112A (en) 2016-06-08
CN105656112B (en) 2019-08-20
JP4130186B2 (en) 2008-08-06 Pack battery
JP4844468B2 (en) 2011-12-28 Secondary battery protection device and semiconductor integrated circuit device
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JP2010124600A (en) 2010-06-03 Overcurrent protection circuit of secondary battery
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