Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US6911963B2/en
Timestamp: 2018-12-10 09:41:11
Document Index: 540188157

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 90', 'art 92', 'art 92', 'art 90', 'art 82', 'art 82', 'art 82', 'art 84', 'art 84', 'art 86', 'art 88', 'art 84', 'art 84', 'art 88', 'art 84', 'art 88', 'art 84', 'art 84', 'art 82', 'art 86']

US6911963B2 - Field-sequential color display unit and display method - Google Patents
Field-sequential color display unit and display method Download PDF
US6911963B2
US6911963B2 US10017581 US1758101A US6911963B2 US 6911963 B2 US6911963 B2 US 6911963B2 US 10017581 US10017581 US 10017581 US 1758101 A US1758101 A US 1758101A US 6911963 B2 US6911963 B2 US 6911963B2
picture signals
US10017581
US20020122019A1 (en )
There is provided a field-sequential color displaying method capable of reducing color breakup with respect to an optional image without greatly increasing a sub-field frequency. The field-sequential color display method includes; time-sequentially displaying of luminous information of an input image information with every display color and changing the display color in synchronism with the displaying of the luminous information in order to display the input image information, wherein one frame period in which one color image is displayed includes at least four sub-field periods in which information of each color is displayed, and a picture signal displayed in at least one sub-field period is a non-three-primary color picture signal which is generated from at least two primary color signals of input picture signals including three-primary color signals.
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Applications No. 2000-389085, filed on Dec. 21, 2000; the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Therefore, in the field-sequential color display, the lower limit of the sub-field frequency at which a flicker cannot be perceived is 3 times of the CFF, i.e., about 150 Hz. It is known that the “color breakup artifact” occurs if the sub-field frequency is lower than the limit. This is interference that the profile of an image or screen is seen so as to be colorized since the RGB-images are time-integrated without being coincident with each other on a retina due to the eye movement following a moving picture, blink or saccade of an eye.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate the aforementioned problems and to provide a field-sequential color display unit and display method capable of reducing the color breakup of an optional image without greatly increasing a sub-field frequency.
The present invention will be understood more fully from the detailed following description and from the attached drawings of the embodiments of the invention. However, the drawings are not intended to imply limitation of the invention to a specific embodiment, but are for explanation and understanding only.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail.
FIG. 2 schematically shows a system for separating an input picture signal in this embodiment. In order to simplify explanation, FIG. 2 shows a case where picture signals of 3×3 pixels 40 ij (i, j=1, 2, 3) are inputted and where one pixel comprises three kinds of sub-pixels of R, G and B from the left. The numeric characters added to R, G and B indicate the intensities of the respective sub-pixel signals assuming that the maximum is 100. First, the inputted picture signal is separated into R1, G1 and B1 signals by means of the RGB minimum-value detecting circuit 6 and the subtracting circuits 8 a, 8 b and 8 c. For example, in the case of the upper-left pixel 40 11, shown in FIG. 2(a), R=100, G=50 and B=20, so that W=20. Therefore, R1, G1 and B1 are R1=R−W=80, G1=G−W=30, and B1=B−W=0, respectively. The values of the R1, G1 and B1 signals corresponding to each pixel 40 ij (i, j=1, 2, 3) thus obtained are shown in FIG. 2(b), and the values 42 ij of the W signal corresponding thereto thus obtained are shown in FIG. 2(c).
The color display controller 88 is designed to add a corresponding display color (a display color formed by synthesizing IR·R, IG·G, IB·B shown in FIG. 11) on the basis of information determined by the sub-field controller 84 to control the color displaying part 90. On the other hand, the picture signal converter 86 is designed to convert and generate a picture signal for each sub-field from RGB signals (a picture signal S′ shown in FIG. 11). Furthermore, the generating method of the display colors IR·R, IG·G, IB·B will be described later. The converted picture signal is displayed on the monochrome image displaying part 92 by a predetermined driving part, so that the monochrome image displaying part 92 is linked with the color displaying part 90, which is driven in synchronism therewith, for displaying a color image.
The image evaluator 82 comprises aγ data storing part 82 a, an inverse gamma correction part 82 b, switches 82 c, 82 f, sub-memories 82 d, 82 e, a B/L (backlight) color data storing part 82 g, a tristimulus values converter 82 h, and an uniform color space converter 82 i. The sub-field controller 84 comprises a color breakup prediction model 84 a, an additional sub-field determining part 84 b, and a sub-field chromaticity coordinates value calculating part 84 c. The picture signals converter 86 comprises an R′G′B′S′ converter 86 a, and a gamma correction part 86 b. The display color controller 88 comprises an illumination intensity data calculating part 88 a, and a B/L control circuit 88 b. The LCD 92A comprises a display 92 a, a scanning line driving circuit 92 b, and a signal line driving circuit 92 c.
The construction and operation shown in FIG. 14 will be described below in detail.
R=[r/(28−1)]2.2
G=[g/(28−1)]2.2
B=[b/(28−1)]2.2 (1)
An example of RGB-emissive dispersion curves and intensity ratios of a LED light source are shown in FIG. 16. The conversion of the picture signals (R, G, B) into tristimulus values (X, Y, Z) in the 1931CIEXYZ color system is related by the following expression: ( X Y Z ) = ( X R X G X B Y R Y G Y B Z R Z G Z B ) ⁢ ( R G B ) + ( X K Y K Z K ) ( 2 )
wherein (XR, YR, ZR) denotes tristimulus values in the case of R displaying, i.e., (R, G, B)=(1, 0, 0), on the condition that the fourth sub-field is black (the backlight does not emit light). In the case of black displaying, i.e., (X, Y, Z)=(XK, YK, ZK), XK=YK=ZK=0 in the ideal condition. In addition, the conversion expressions to the CIE1976L*a*b* uniform color space used in this embodiment are expressed as follows:
b*=200[(Y/Y W)1/3−(Z/Z W)1/3] (3)
On the basis of the mapped image information, the color breakup prediction model 84 a is used for determining color of an additional sub-field in the additional sub-field determining part 84 b, and the chromaticity values in the added sub-field are determined by the sub-field chromaticity value calculating part 84 c.
Several models for predicting color breakup are applicable. Color breakup is easily recognized when displayed color is an achromatic and its luminance is high level, and/or when chromaticity of displayed color is high and the hue-difference is high between colors continuously displayed. In addition, even if luminance of two colors is same, the visual sensitivity as a spatial frequency in an r-b hue direction is different from that in a y-b hue direction. In view of the foregoing, the additional sub-field may be selected so as to reduce color breakup most effectively. For example, a weighting for each picture signal about the magnitude of color breakup is carried out in the L* , a* , b* directions in order to determine a chromaticity vector (XS, YS, ZS) which is to be added by the weighted averaging in the color breakup-uniform color space. As an example of weighting, it is applicable that the weighted ratio is set as L*:a*:b*=4:1:3, or that only values of b*>0 and L* of a predetermined value or more are averaged, since color breakup is easily recognized in W and Y displays having high lightness.
The LED light source intensity ratios of RGB colors are determined by the illumination intensity data calculating part 88 a in accordance with the chromaticity values in the additional sub-field. Such a method may be carried out by the inverse conversion of the aforementioned (R, G, B)→(X, Y, Z) conversion matrix, and is expressed as follows. ( R S G S B S ) = ( X R X G X B Y R Y G Y B Z R Z G Z B ) - 1 ⁢ ( X S - X K Y S - Y K Z S - Z K ) ( 4 )
The obtained RGB intensity ratios (RS, GS, BS) are the LED light source intensity ratios in the additional sub-field, and the intensity of the LEDs being the maximum intensity of RGB colors is standardized as 100%. Assuming that the intensities of the standardized LEDs are (IR, IG, IB), the following expressions are established:
I R =R S/Max (R S , G S , B S)
I G =G S/Max (R S , G S , B S)
I B =B S/Max (R S , G S , B S)
For example, assuming that ( X R X G X B Y R Y G Y B Z R Z G Z B ) = ( 41.24 35.76 18.05 21.26 71.52 7.22 1.93 11.92 95.05 ) , X K = Y K = Z K = 0 , ⁢
the following expression is established from (XS, YS, ZS)=(80.7, 87.6, 14.8) which is calculated in {circle around (2)}. ( R S G S B S ) = ( 41.24 35.76 18.05 21.26 71.52 7.22 1.93 11.92 95.05 ) - 1 ⁢ ( 80.7 87.6 14.8 ) = ( 1.195 0.868 0.022 )
Therefore, the standardized LED intensity ratios are (IR, IG, IB)=(1.9, 0.73, 0.02).
R′=R−S′I R
G′=G−S′I G
B′=B−S′I B (7)
The relationship between the tristimulus values (X, Y, Z) and (R′, G′, B′, S′) signals is as follows. ( X Y Z ) = ( X R X G X B X S Y R Y G Y B Y S Z R Z G Z B Z S ) ⁢ ( R ′ G ′ B ′ S ′ ) + ( X K Y K Z K ) ( 8 )
Since this inverse conversion matrix cannot be identically obtained, the optimum conversion signal is obtained by inverse converting three kinds of partial conversion matrixes to which S′ is added. That is, a set of optimum signal levels is selected from the following expressions. ( R ′ G ′ B ′ ) = ( X R X G X S Y R Y G Y S Z R Z G Z S ) - 1 ⁢ ( X - X K Y - Y K Z - Z K ) ( 9 ) ( G ′ B ′ S ′ ) = ( X G X B X S Y G Y B Y S Z G Z B Z S ) - 1 ⁢ ( X - X K Y - Y K Z - Z K ) ( 10 ) ( R ′ B ′ S ′ ) = ( X R X B X S Y R Y B Y S Z R Z B Z S ) - 1 ⁢ ( X - X K Y - Y K Z - Z K ) ( 11 )
This method can be explained that three of four axes of coordinates, which are obtained by adding S-axis to the RGB coordinate system, are selected as principal axes to use the selected three principal axes to indicate the coordinates of picture signal values. This method is also equivalent to the fact that the triangle including the chromaticity coordinates of the picture signals is extracted from three triangles, the apexes of these triangles are the S′ chromaticity coordinates and two coordinates of the RGB colors in the xy chromaticity coordinate system, to express the chromaticity coordinates of the picture signals using the chromaticity values at the apexes of the extracted triangle.
X W =X R +X G +X B
Y W =Y R +Y G +Y B
Z W =Z R +Z G +Z B (12)
x+y+z=1 (13)
since XYZ chromaticity coordinates during a black displaying, i.e., during a light is not emitted or can be ignored. If the relational expression of the LED backlight is expressed in accordance with expression (2) using kW, kR, kG and kB as proportional coefficients from expressions (12), (13) and (14), the following expression is established (expression (2) is a general formula which does not only indicate picture signals and color values, but which also indicate the relationship between the intensity of each of backlights of the three-primary colors and illumination color). ( 0.31 ⁢ k W 0.32 ⁢ k W 0.37 ⁢ k W ) = ( 0.69 ⁢ k R 0.22 ⁢ k G 0.14 ⁢ k B 0.31 ⁢ k R 0.70 ⁢ k G 0.05 ⁢ k B 0 0.08 ⁢ k G 0.81 ⁢ k B ) ⁢ ( 1 1 1 ) ( 15 )
The ratios of the proportional coefficients kW, kR, kG and kB are derived from expression (15), and the respective elements in expression (2)are derived by standardizing the luminance value YW as 100, i.e., 100% in the case of white displaying: (R, G, B)=(1, 1, 1). ( X R X G X B Y R Y G Y B Z R Z G Z B ) = ( 56.4 25.6 13.2 33.3 60.6 6.1 3.5 12.9 92.4 ) ( 16 )
Therefore, the relationship between both detection signals (R, G, B) after the gamma correction and color values X, Y and Z, which should be displayed by both image signals, are expressed as follows: ( X Y Z ) = ( 56.4 25.6 13.2 33.3 60.6 6.1 3.5 12.9 92.4 ) ⁢ ( R G B ) ( 17 )
{circle around (1)} color breakup is easy to occur in a portion wherein the frequency of signal levels having high luminance (Y value) is large;
{circle around (2)} color breakup is easy to occur if the frequency of X values is higher than that of Z values; and
{circle around (3)} color breakup is easy to occur in a portion having high Z values in the case that both X and Y values are low, and each signal level fitting these conditions {circle around (1)}˜{circle around (3)} was selected as the color of the fourth sub-field which is an additional sub-field. The respective values are derived in the sub-field chromaticity coordinates calculating part 84 c. For example, it is assumed that
Then, from the XYZ color values of the additional sub-field, the RGB illumination intensity ratios of the LED backlight are calculated in the illuminating intensity data calculating part 88 a. The illuminating intensity ratios (IR, IG, IB) are derived from deriving (RS, GS, BS) and standardizing them expression (5). Specifically, the inverse conversion of expression (17) is given by the following expression: ( X R X G X B Y R Y G Y B Z R Z G Z B ) - 1 = ( 0.0234 - 0.0093 - 0.0027 - 0.0130 0.0219 0.0004 0.0009 - 0.0027 0.0109 ) ( 20 )
Therefore, from expressions (4) and (5), the following expression is derived.
The sub-field controller 84A comprises a sub-field display color determining part 84 e. The picture signal converter 86 has the same construction as that of the image evaluator 86 in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 14. The color display controller 88A comprises a shutter control circuit 88 c for controlling the liquid crystal shutter 94 on the basis of a sub-field display color determined by a sub-field display color determining part 84 e.
In this embodiment, the XYZ tristimulus values conversion and the non-linear conversion to uniform color space may be carried out similar to the sixth embodiment. However, since the selection of the color of the additional sub-field should be limited to the selection of one color from four colors of W, C, M and Y, it is more efficient to evaluate image information without converting the (R, G, B) signal system for more simplification. As a method for selecting the color of an additional sub-field,using the frequency of each CMYW, or selecting color, which has the highest average signal level, is applicable in the WCMY statistical processing part 82 m.
On the other hand, the method of picture signal conversion (r, g, b)→(r′, g′, b′, s′) based on the additional sub-field color may be a simple method which directly uses the difference between the RGB signal and the s′ signal. However, it is difficult to obtain a precise display color since the display color of the liquid crystal color shutter is based on the subtractive color mixing system. Therefore, preferably, the conversion to tristimulus values XYZ indicative of color coordinates is carried out in the tristimulus values converter 82 h, and thereafter, the matrix conversion of (X, Y, Z)→(R′, G′, B′, S′) is carried out in the R′G′B′S′ converter 86 a.
The concrete converting method has been described in the sixth embodiment. As another method, a compromise system for generating an S′ signal from RGB signals and then deriving (R′, G′, B′) by the tristimulus values matrix conversion is applicable as will be described below.
X′=X−X S,
Y′=Y−Y S,
Z′=Z−Z S′, (23)
The derived (R′, G′, B′, S′) are gamma-corrected in the gamma correction part 86 b to be converted to signals (r′, g′, b′, s′) which are to be applied to the drivers 92 b and 92 c.
As described above, according to the field-sequential color display unit in this embodiment, it is possible to reduce color breakup with respect to any inputted image without greatly increasing the sub-field frequency, since one color serving as the color of a sub-field to be added is selected from non-three-primary colors of W, C, M and Y in addition to the three-primary colors.
time-sequentially displaying of luminous information of an input image information with every display color; and
changing the display color in synchronism with the displaying of the luminous information in order to display the input image information,
wherein one frame period in which one color image is displayed comprises at least four sub-field periods in which information of each color is displayed, and a picture signal displayed in at least one sub-field period is a non-three-primary color picture signal which is generated from at least two primary color signals of input picture signals including three-primary color signals,
wherein the picture signal displayed in each of the sub-field periods is one of modified picture signals which are obtained by separating the input picture signal into n non-three-primary color picture signals and three modified three-primary color picture signals, where n is an integer of 1 or more, and
wherein the separation of the picture signals is carried out by detecting the minimum value of the three-primary color picture signals, causing the minimum value to be set as the signal value of a first non-three-primary color picture signal of the non-three-primary color picture signals, and causing a smaller signal value of two modified picture signals, which are obtained by subtracting the minimum value from the three-primary color picture signal values and which are not zero, to be set as a second non-three-primary color picture signal of the non-three-primary color picture signals.
2. A field-sequential color display method comprising:
wherein one frame period in which one color image is displayed comprises at least four sub-field periods in which information of each color is displayed, and a picture signal displayed in at least one sub-field period is a non-three-primary color picture signal comprising a color determined on the basis of the color picture signals is of the input image information in one frame period, the color not being fixed to one color,
wherein the picture signals displayed in each of the sub-field periods is one of modified picture signals which are obtained by separating the input picture signal into the n non-three-primary color picture signals and three modified three-primary color picture signals when n is an integer of 1 or more, and
wherein the input picture signal is separated into two non-primary color picture signals and three modified three-primary color picture signals, the method further comprising:
detecting a minimum value of three-primary color picture signals of the input image information for every pixel;
setting the minimum value as the signal value of a first non-three-primary color picture signal for every pixel;
subtracting the minimum value from each signal value of the three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
setting remainders of the subtraction as signal values of first modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
detecting combinations, in which values of two of the first modified three-primary color picture signals are not zero, out of combinations of the first modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
detecting the number of each detected combination of the first modified three-primary color picture signals in one frame;
selecting a kind of combination of the largest number of the detected combinations;
detecting a minimum value of the two of the first modified three-primary color picture signals of the selected combination for every pixel;
setting the minimum value for the selected combination and zero for the non-selected three-primary color picture signal as a signal value of a second non-three-primary color picture signal for every pixel;
subtracting the signal value of the second non-three-primary picture signal from each signal value of the first modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel; and
setting a remainder of the subtraction as a signal value of second modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel,
wherein the picture signal displaying during each sub-field period is one of the first non-three-primary color picture signal, the second non-three-primary color picture signal, and the second modified three-primary color picture signal for every pixel.
3. A field-sequential color display method comprising:
wherein one frame period in which one color image is displayed comprises at least four sub-field periods in which information of each color is displayed, and a picture signal displayed in at least one sub-field period is a non-three-primary color picture signal comprising a color determined on the basis of the color picture signals of the input image information in one frame period, the color not being fixed to one color,
wherein the picture signal displayed in each of the sub-field periods is one of modified picture signals which are obtained by separating the input picture signal into the n non-three-primary color picture signals and three modified three-primary color picture signals when n is an integer of 1 or more, and
wherein the input picture signal is separated into three non-primary color picture signals and three modified three-primary color picture signals, the method further comprising:
selecting a first combination of the largest number of the detected combinations;
detecting a minimum value of the two of the first modified three-primary color picture signals of the selected first combination for every pixel;
setting the minimum value for the selected first combination and zero for the non-selected three-primary color picture signal as a signal value of a second non-three-primary color picture signal for every pixel;
subtracting the signal value of the second non-three-primary picture signal from each signal value of the first modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
detecting combinations, in which values of two of the second modified three-primary color picture signals are not zero, out of combinations of the second modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
detecting the number of each detected combination of the second modified three-primary color picture signals in one frame;
selecting a second combination of the largest number of the detected combinations;
detecting a minimum value of the two of the second modified three-primary color picture signals of the selected second combination for every pixel;
setting the minimum value for the selected second combination and zero for the non-selected three-primary picture signal as a third non-three-primary color picture signal for every pixel;
subtracting the signal value of the third non-three-primary picture signal from each signal value of the second modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel; and
setting a remainder of the subtraction as a signal value of third modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel,
wherein the picture signal displaying during each sub-field period is one of the first to third non-three-primary color picture signals and the third modified three-primary color picture signals.
4. A field-sequential color display method comprising:
wherein the input picture signal is separated into two non-primary color picture signals and four modified three-primary color picture signals, the method further comprising:
setting the minimum value for the selected second combination and zero for the non-selected three-primary color picture signal as a third non-three-primary color picture signal for every pixel;
subtracting the signal value of the third non-three-primary picture signal from each signal value of the second modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
detecting combinations, in which values of two of the third modified three-primary color picture signals are not zero, out of combinations of the third modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel;
detecting the number of each detected combination of the third modified three-primary color picture signals in one frame;
selecting a third combination of the largest number of the detected combinations;
detecting a minimum value of the two of the third modified three-primary color picture signals of the selected third combination for every pixel;
setting the minimum value for the selected third combination and zero for the non-selected three-primary color picture signal as a fourth non-three-primary color picture signal for every pixel;
subtracting the signal value of the fourth non-three-primary picture signal from each signal value of the third modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel; and
setting a remainder of the subtraction as a signal value of fourth modified three-primary color picture signals for every pixel,
wherein the picture signal displaying during each sub-field period is one of the first to fourth non-three-primary color picture signals and the fourth modified three-primary color picture signals.
US10017581 2000-12-21 2001-12-18 Field-sequential color display unit and display method Expired - Fee Related US6911963B2 (en)
JP2000389085A JP3766274B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2000-12-21 Time-division color display device and a display method
JP2000-389085 2000-12-21
US11056269 US20050146492A1 (en) 2000-12-21 2005-02-14 Field-sequential color display unit and display method
US11056269 Continuation US20050146492A1 (en) 2000-12-21 2005-02-14 Field-sequential color display unit and display method
US20020122019A1 true US20020122019A1 (en) 2002-09-05
US6911963B2 true US6911963B2 (en) 2005-06-28
ID=18855715
US10017581 Expired - Fee Related US6911963B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2001-12-18 Field-sequential color display unit and display method
US11056269 Abandoned US20050146492A1 (en) 2000-12-21 2005-02-14 Field-sequential color display unit and display method
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