Source: http://www.google.ca/patents/US9307285
Timestamp: 2017-10-17 11:19:20
Document Index: 745588381

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'art 107', 'art 107', 'art 107', 'art 108', 'art 110', 'art 112', 'art 132', 'art 132']

Patent US9307285 - Use of messages in or associated with program signal streams by set-top ... - Google Patents
Methods of operating a communications system comprise, in one example, inserting advertising in a program stream by a receiving device based, at least in part, on an encrypted segmentation message embedded in the program steam. The at least one segmentation message defines an expanse of the program stream...http://www.google.ca/patents/US9307285?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US9307285 - Use of messages in or associated with program signal streams by set-top terminals
Publication number US9307285 B2
Application number US 13/891,855
Also published as US8443383, US9264761, US20040040035, US20130254799, US20130254800, US20160173933, US20160219315
Publication number 13891855, 891855, US 9307285 B2, US 9307285B2, US-B2-9307285, US9307285 B2, US9307285B2
Inventors John B. Carlucci, Michael L. DeHart
Patent Citations (119), Non-Patent Citations (17), Classifications (81), Legal Events (1)
US 9307285 B2
receiving a program signal stream comprising at least one embedded, encrypted segmentation message to indicate an expanse of a portion of the program signal stream for insertion of advertising, and at least one embedded decoy message;
disregarding the at least one embedded decoy message based, at least in part, on content of the at least one embedded decoy message;
decrypting the at least one segmentation message;
identifying the expanse by the receiving device based, at least in part, on the at least one decrypted segmentation message;
inserting advertising in the expanse; and
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving device comprises a set-top terminal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the content of the at least one embedded decoy message is irrelevant or redundant.
causing display of at least a portion of the program signal stream including the advertising on a television display.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one segmentation message comprises:
at least one first segmentation message defining, in units of time with respect to progression of the program signal stream, from receipt of a respective first segmentation message, a start of the expanse; and
at least one second segmentation message defining, in units of time with respect to progression of the program signal stream, from receipt of a respective second segmentation message, an end of the expanse.
receiving a program signal stream comprising at least one segmentation message to indicate an expanse of a portion of the program signal stream for insertion of advertising in the expanse, and at least one embedded decoy message;
identifying the expanse based, at least in part, on the at least one segmentation message;
inserting advertising in the identified expanse by the receiving device; and
displaying at least a portion of the program signal stream including the advertising.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein at least one respective segmentation message is encrypted, the method further comprising:
decrypting the at least one respective segmentation message.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least one segmentation message comprises:
at least one first segmentation message to define a start of the expanse, in units of time with respect to progression of the program signal stream, from receipt of a respective segmentation message; and
10. The method of claim 7, comprising causing display of the at least a portion of the program signal stream on a television display.
11. The method of claim 7, comprising receiving a plurality of the at least one first segmentation messages, and/or receiving a plurality of the at least one second segmentation messages, in the program signal stream, at different respective locations in the signal stream.
12. The method of claim 7, comprising inserting advertising stored by the receiving device, in the expanse.
13. The method of claim 7, wherein the content of the at least one embedded decoy message is irrelevant or redundant.
an interface to receive a program signal stream comprising at least one segmentation message indicating an expanse of a portion of the program signal stream for insertion of advertising, and at least one embedded decoy message;
memory to store advertising; and
disregard the at least one embedded decoy message based, at least in part on content of the at least one embedded decoy message;
identify the expanse of the program signal stream based, at least in part, on the at least one first and second segmentation messages;
retrieve advertising from the memory;
insert the advertising into the identified expanse of the program signal stream; and
cause display of at least a portion of the program signal stream including the advertising.
15. The receiving device of claim 14, wherein:
at least one respective segmentation message is encrypted, and the processing device is further configured to:
decrypt the at least one respective segmentation message.
16. The receiving device of claim 14, wherein the at least one segmentation message defines:
at least one first segmentation message, defining, in units of time with respect to progression of the program signal stream, from receipt of a respective segmentation message the start of the expanse, respectively; and
17. The receiving device of claim 14, comprising a set-top terminal coupled to a television to cause display of the at least a portion of the program signal stream on the television display.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein the program signal stream comprises a plurality of the at least one first segmentation messages, and/or a plurality of the at least one second segmentation messages, in the program signal stream, at different respective locations in the signal stream.
19. The system of claim 14, content of the at least one embedded decoy message is irrelevant or redundant.
The present application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/428,900, which was filed on May 1, 2003 and will issue on May 14, 2013 bearing U.S. Pat. No. 8,443,383, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/263,015, filed on Oct. 2, 2002, which issued on Mar. 15, 2011 bearing U.S. Pat. No. 7,908,626 B2 and is incorporated by reference herein. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/263,015 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/377,963, filed on May 3, 2002, under 35 U.S.C. 119(e).
With the advent of digital communications technology, many TV broadcast streams are transmitted in digital formats. For example, Digital Satellite System (DSS), Digital Broadcast Services (DBS), and Advanced Television Standards Committee (ATSC) broadcast streams are digitally formatted pursuant to the well known Moving Pictures Experts Group 2 (MPEG-2) standard. The MPEG-2 standard specifies, among others, the methodologies for video and audio data compressions which allow multiple programs, with different video and audio feeds, to be multiplexed in a transport stream traversing a single broadcast channel. A digital TV receiver may be used to decode an MPEG-2 encoded transport stream and extract the desired program therefrom. The prior art PVRs take advantage of MPEG-2 compression of video and audio data to maximize use of their limited storage capacity.
FIG. 5b shows certain components of an example of an acquisition/staging (A/S) processor of FIG. 5 a;
Cable system 14 includes headend 22, which processes program materials, such as TV program streams, for example, from sources 12 in digital and analog forms. Digital TV streams may be formatted according to Motorola Digicipher System, Scientific Atlanta Powerview Systems, the Digital Satellite System (DSS), Digital Broadcast Services (DBS), or Advanced Television Standards Committee (ATSC) standards, for example. Analog TV program streams may be formatted according to the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) or Phase Alternating Line (PAL) broadcast standard. Headend 22 extracts program content in the analog and digital TV streams and reformats the content to form one or more MPEG-2 encoded transport streams for transmission to users at set-top terminals 18-1 through 18-n. Such reformatting may be applied to those received streams already in an MPEG-2 format. This stems from the fact that the digital content in the received MPEG-2 streams are typically encoded at a variable bit rate (VBR). To avoid data burstiness, headend 22 may re-encode such digital content at a constant bit rate (CBR) to form transport streams in a conventional manner. Headend 22 is discussed in more detail below, with respect to FIGS. 5a and 5 b.
FIG. 2a is a schematic representation of a program signal stream 100, such as a video stream, segmented with segmentation messages in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. Program stream 100 includes a plurality of TV programs, including TV program 102. Portions of TV program 104 preceding TV program 102 and TV program 106 following TV program 102 are shown, as well. TV program 102 starts at point 107 a and ends at point 107 b. TV program 102 may include chapter 108, such as a monolog, skit, musical performance, guest appearance, sports highlight, interview, weather report, and innings of a baseball game, for example. Chapter 108 starts at point 108 a and ends at point 108 b. A network commercial 110 and a local commercial 112 are also included within the expanse of program 102, with respective start and end points 110 a, 110 b, 112 a, 112 b. Unscheduled content 132 is indicated, with start and end times 132 a, 132 b, respectively, to represent an overrun of a program, such as overtime in a sports event, for example. Unscheduled content 132 could also be news bulletin. Unscheduled content 132 may or may not be present in a particular program or program stream. A TV program may contain more or fewer chapters 108, network commercials 110 and local commercials 112. Content-related segmentation messages 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 134 and 136 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention are also indicated.
Instead of including rights information in segmentation message 114, it may be provided in a separate message 115, as shown in FIG. 2a . Rights message 115 may have a similar configuration as segmentation message 114 of FIG. 2b , except that the time to event field 156 is not needed. PIC field 158, and two rights fields 160, 162 are shown in FIG. 2c . More or fewer rights fields may be provided, depending on the number of rights that need to be defined.
Returning to FIG. 2a , another rights-related segmentation message 117 is provided after start 107 a of program 102. It may be useful to provide a rights message within the expanse of the program or program portion to which the right relates, in addition to or instead of providing rights-related segmentation message 115 prior to the start of program 102. If both rights-related segmentation message 115 and 117 are provided, different types of rights information may be provided in each. For example, the right to copy program 102 may be included in segmentation message 115, so that headend 22 will know prior to the arrival of program 102 whether or not program 102 may be processed for storage. Other types of rights, such as the right to store the program for a particular period of time, which is useful information to have access to after program 102 is stored, may be provided within the expanse of program 102, in rights segmentation message 117. Other rights related to the use of the stored program may also be more advantageously stored within the expanse of program 102 in message 117.
Both ends of a program or a program portion (such as chapter 108), are preferably indicated by separate segmentation messages. Alternatively, both the time until a start of a program or program portion and the time until the end of that program or program portion may be indicated in the same segmentation message. For example, in segmentation message 114 in FIG. 2b , where Time to Event field 156 indicates the time until the start of program 102, an additional field may be provided to indicate the time until the end of program 102 and/or the duration of the program. Such a segmentation message should be positioned prior to the start of the respective program or program portion. Both a program start segmentation message including a time to end or duration of a program and program end segmentation message 136 may be provided for redundancy, as well.
As shown in FIG. 2a , expanses may exist within other expanses. For example, together, a program start message 114 and a program end message 136 define an expanse of the entire program 102. Program start and end messages for chapter 108, network advertising 110 and local advertising 112 define expanses of the respective program portions within the expanse of program 102. If any portion of a program has a start message without a corresponding end message, program end message 136 terminates all segments without their own end message. If a chapter or advertisement portion is the beginning of a program, a corresponding start message preferably accompanies the program start message, and defines the same boundary time. As mentioned above, a program end message 136 can terminate unscheduled content segment 132.
In accordance with another embodiment, segmentation messages may be sent multiple times or periodically, for redundancy. Since errors in defining the start 107 a and end 107 b of program 102 could result in storage of an incomplete program or storage of one program including a portion of another program, the program start and program end messages 114, 136, and other such significant segmentation messages, are preferably sent two or more times prior to the event boundary. For example, the program start message 114 and the program end message 136 may be sent twice within a 5 to 8 second window prior to the respective boundary. Advertising segmentation messages, particularly those defining an expanse of local advertising, where cable system 14 may insert their own advertising, are also preferably sent multiple times, because missing an advertising insertion point could adversely impact advertising revenue. Messages may be sent minutes before the boundary as well.
FIG. 5a shows certain components of an example of headend 22 of cable system 14. Headend 22 includes an acquisition and staging (“A/S”) processor 70, schedule manager 72 and asset manager 74. Asset manager 74 includes memory 76. Schedule manager includes memory 77. Headend 22 receives programming from sources 12 via receiver 78, which couples the received program signal streams to A/S processor 70. Receiver 78 may comprise one or more satellite dishes, for example. A/S processor 70 may comprise an acquisition processor, such as a digital integrated receive transcoder (“IRT”) 70 a and a staging processor 70 b as shown in FIG. 5b . A/S processor 70 receives and processes program streams, such as program stream 100, for broadcast to service area nodes 16-1 through 16-m via hub 24 and HFC cable network 28. IRT 70 a receives the digital program stream, decodes the stream and outputs an MPEG-2 signal stream to staging processor 70 b. Staging processor 70 b may re-encode a VBR program stream to a CBR stream, if necessary, as discussed above. The broadcast of program signal streams and headend 22 are described in more detail in the '626 patent, identified above and incorporated by reference herein.
Program 102 may be segmented and stored in other ways instead of or in addition to being stored as a single asset 220. For example, program 102 may be segmented into assets 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236 and 238 corresponding to the following program portions: 1) start 107 a of program 102 to start 108 a of chapter 108, 2) chapter 108, 3) end of 108 b of chapter 108 to start 110 a of national advertising 110, 4) end 110 b of national advertising to start 112 a of local advertising, 5) local advertising 112, 6) end of local advertising to start 132 a of unscheduled content, and 7) start 132 a of unscheduled content to end 107 b of program 102, respectively. These assets are shown stored in memory locations 110001, 110010, 110011, 110100, 110101, 110110 and 110111, respectively, in FIG. 7. In this example, each asset 226-238 has a PIC field 222. Each asset also has an asset code field 240 to uniquely identify the asset. Assets 226, 230, 234 and 238, corresponding to chapter 108, national advertising 110, local advertising 112 and unscheduled content 132, also have a rights field 242. Rights field 242 may be a rights segmentation message from program stream 102 or may be based upon the information in the rights segmentation message. Storage of a variety of assets with different compositions may provide further flexibility in program retrieval and reconstruction and enable cable system 14 to offer a wider range of choices to a customer.
Origination system 400 comprises automation system 402 coupled to uplink system 404, via origination proxy 406. As discussed above with respect to FIG. 3, automation system 402 controls operation of system 400 and enables operators to identify locations of segmentation messages in a program or program stream. Origination proxy 406 interfaces with automation system 402 to receive information on when segmentation messages should be inserted. Origination proxy 406 also interfaces with downstream insertion equipment to have the proper messages inserted at the proper locations. Automation system 402 is thereby insulated from changes in the equipment and techniques for inserting segmentation messages Origination proxy 406 may comprise a suitably programmed processor or server, for example. Alternatively, the functions of origination proxy 406 may be incorporated in automation system 402. Uplink system 404, which processes input program signal streams as necessary 10 for transmission, is coupled to transmitter 408, which acts as an interface to transmit analog signals to satellite 410. For example, uplink system 404 may modulate the signal stream by quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, for example. Three examples of systems for incorporating segmentation messages are shown in FIG. 11a , along Path 1, Path 2 and Path 3, respectively. Each Path 1-3 differs in the way origination proxy 406 is coupled to uplink system 404. Other systems may be used, as well.
FIG. 12 is an example of headend 500 of a cable system, such as cable system 14, configured to receive analog program streams. Satellite dishes 502-1 through 502-n are shown, each for receiving an analog program stream from a respective network along a respective channel 1 through n. Each network typically transmits a respective program stream via a respective satellite (not shown). In this example, the analog program stream received by satellite dish 502-1 is generated by Path 1 in FIG. 11a in RS 232 serial format while the program stream received by satellite dish 502-n is generated along Paths 2 or 3 in FIG. 11a and include segmentation messages in the VBI in XDS format. A channel m is shown for receiving programming along a studio link, as shown in FIG. 11b . Another channel o is shown for receipt of programming including DTMF segmentation messages.
Each MPEG encoder 506-1 through 506-n and 506-m provide the MPEG-2 stream to staging processor 70 b, which processes the stream in conjunction with a schedule manager 72, as described above with respect to FIGS. 5a, 5b and 6. Programs may thereby be stored as assets in asset manager 74, based, at least in part, on the segmentation messages.
Satellite dish 502-o, in channel o, receives program streams with segmentation messages in DTMF format. Satellite dish 502-o is coupled to an integrated receive transcoder (“IRT”) 512. IRT 512 encodes the analog program stream into an MPEG-2 stream, which is provided to staging processor 70 b along Output 1. A second output of IRT 512 is coupled to receiver 514, which is coupled to segmentation detector 516. Segmentation detector 516 is coupled to staging processor 70 b via an application interface (API). The DTMF signals are removed from the program stream by IRT 512 and provided to receiver 514 along Output 2, coordinated in time with the program stream. Receiver 514 provides the DTMF signals to segmentation detector 516, which identifies the segmentation messages and informs staging processor 70 b of the value of the DTMF message, in coordination with receipt of the program stream by the staging processor. Segmentation detector 516 may also be part of staging processor 70 b.
Staging processor 70 b, in conjunction with schedule manager 72, interprets the segmentation messages to segment a program, as described above with respect to the operation of A/S processor 70 in FIG. 5 a.
The channels 1 through n, m and o provided in headend 500 are exemplary. A headend may include non or one or more channels of each type, as needed. Other channels may also be provided for receiving compressed digital program streams in MPEG-2 format, for example, in which case the channel or channels may include the digital IRT 70 a discussed in FIG. 5b , above, coupled to the staging processor 70 b.
Segmentation messages 602-610 may each be local advertising end segmentation messages 126 (see FIG. 2a ), for example. As discussed above, cable system 14 may insert advertising in place of advertising provided in program stream 100 by a source 12. The replacement advertisement may be inserted by A/S processor 70 or terminal 270. In segmentation message 602, Time Until End indicates that there are 26.60 seconds until the end of the advertising portion. Time From Start indicates that the local advertising started 3.40 seconds ago. The next segmentation message 604, which is inserted 2.3 seconds later in program stream 600, in this example, indicates a Time Until End of 24.30 seconds. It also indicates a Time From Start of 5.7 seconds. Additional program end segmentation messages are inserted every 2.3 seconds until the end of the advertising.
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International Classification H04N21/234, H04N21/422, H04N21/6587, H04N21/4722, H04N5/60, H04H60/46, H04N21/47, H04N21/454, H04N7/24, H04N21/472, H04N7/16, H04N21/236, H04N21/222, H04N21/262, G06F3/048, H04N21/488, H04N21/433, H04N5/45, H04N21/432, H04N5/782, H04N21/435, H04N21/8545, G06F3/0482, G06F3/033, H04N21/235, H04N21/482, H04N5/445, H04N7/173, H04N21/478, H04H20/06, H04N5/44, H04N21/658, H04N21/4147, H04N21/431, H04N21/24, H04N21/45, H04N21/4335
Cooperative Classification H04N21/231, H04N21/2225, H04N21/21815, H04N21/218, H04N21/4334, H04N21/23424, H04N21/812, H04N21/435, H04N21/454, H04N21/478, H04N21/4882, H04H60/46, H04N21/2625, H04N5/45, H04N21/4722, H04N21/482, H04N21/6582, H04N5/602, H04N7/17327, H04H20/06, H04N21/2407, H04N2005/4441, H04N21/4331, H04N21/6587, H04N21/4316, H04N7/17318, H04N7/17336, H04N21/4335, H04N21/4532, H04N5/782, G06F3/0482, H04N21/47202, H04N21/47214, H04N21/8545, H04N21/235, H04N21/4325, H04N21/42204, H04N21/2221, H04N21/47, H04N5/4401, H04N21/23614, H04N21/4333, H04N21/4147, H04N5/44543