Source: http://pa.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.20150609_0001688.PA.htm/qx
Timestamp: 2016-12-08 10:18:26
Document Index: 416286224

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 9714', 'art:\n42', '§ 9714', '§ 9714', '§ 2702', '§ 9719', '§ 2702', '§ 6317', '§ 7508', '§ 9712', '§ 9712', '§ 9713', '§ 9718']

Submitted, March 9, 2015
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence January 16, 2014, Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Criminal Division, No(s): CP-51-CR-0003040-2010. Before ROGERS, J.
Anthony Reid, appellant, pro se.
BEFORE: BOWES, J., JENKINS, J., and PLATT, J.[*]. OPINION
Appellant Anthony Reid (" Appellant" ) appeals from the January 16, 2014 judgment of sentence in the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas following his guilty plea convictions for attempted murder,[1] assault of a law enforcement officer in the first degree,[2] and aggravated assault.[3] Appellant's counsel has filed an Anders[4] brief, together with a petition to withdraw as counsel. We affirm the judgment of sentence and grant counsel's petition to withdraw.
The trial court summarized the events underlying Appellant's convictions as follows:
On the morning of September 4, 2009, Appellant and his co-defendant, Brian Williams (" Williams" ), ran out of the Sunoco gas station at 52nd and Spruce Streets in Philadelphia. Officer Julius Cesar observed that the men were armed and carrying a bag of money. Both men jumped into a get-away car and fled the scene. Officer Cesar engaged in a high-speed pursuit of the two defendants through the city. As Appellant was driving, Williams leaned out the passenger window and fired at Officer Cesar's vehicle, which struck the car's front grille -- the officer was not injured. Both men continued to elude police until crashing into a parked car at 63rd and Grays Avenue. At that time, multiple officers converged on the scene. Appellant opened the driver's door and opened fire at the officers. The police returned fire, and during the exchange of bullets, Officer Adrian Hospetale was struck in the mouth. Both Appellant and Williams were immediately apprehended. A search of the vehicle revealed two (2) loaded firearms and $100,000 in cash.
Trial Court Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Opinion, filed November 24, 2014 (" 1925(a) Opinion" ), p. 2.
On March 21, 2011, Appellant pleaded guilty to the aforementioned charges. Pursuant to a negotiated plea agreement, on January 16, 2014, the trial court sentenced Appellant to 10 to 20 years' incarceration on the attempted murder conviction,[5] 20 to 40 years' incarceration on the assault of a law enforcement officer in the first degree conviction[6] concurrent to the attempted murder conviction, and 5 to 10 years' incarceration for the aggravated assault conviction to be served consecutive to the attempted murder and assault of a law enforcement officer in the first degree convictions, for an aggregate total of 25 to 50 years' incarceration.[7] On January 24, 2014, Appellant filed a pro se post-trial motion to reconsider sentence that was denied by operation of law on June 11, 2014. Appellant filed a notice of appeal on July 2, 2014.[8]
On August 18, 2014, Appellant's appointed counsel filed a statement of intent to file an Anders brief pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(c)(4). The trial court filed its 1925(a) Opinion on November 24, 2014.
As previously noted, Appellant's counsel has filed an application seeking to withdraw from representation pursuant to Anders v. California and its Pennsylvania counterpart, Commonwealth v. Santiago.[9] Before addressing the merits of Appellant's underlying issue presented, we must first pass on counsel's petition to withdraw. Commonwealth v. Goodwin, 2007 PA Super 180, 928 A.2d 287, 290 (Pa.Super.2007) ( en banc ).
Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361. Counsel must also provide the appellant with a copy of the Anders brief, together with a letter that advises the appellant of his or her right to " (1) retain new counsel to pursue the appeal; (2) proceed pro se on appeal; or (3) raise any points that the appellant deems worthy of the court's attention in addition to the points raised by counsel in the Anders brief." Commonwealth v. Nischan, 2007 PA Super 199, 928 A.2d 349, 353 (Pa.Super.2007). Substantial compliance with these requirements is sufficient. Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 2007 PA Super 301, 934 A.2d 1287, 1290 (Pa.Super.2007). " After establishing that the antecedent requirements have been met, this Court must then make an independent evaluation of the record to determine whether the appeal is, in fact, wholly frivolous." Commonwealth v. Palm, 2006 PA Super 180, 903 A.2d 1244, 1246 (Pa.Super.2006).
Instantly, counsel contemporaneously filed a petition to withdraw as counsel with the Anders brief. The petition states that counsel determined, after communicating with Appellant about the appeal, independently and conscientiously reviewing the record, and conducting appropriate legal research into possible issues, that no non-frivolous issues exist to be raised on appeal. See Petition to Withdraw As Counsel, ¶ ¶ 8-9. The petition further explains that counsel drafted and filed an Anders brief that included all issues Appellant wished raised on appeal as well as any Page 782
issues counsel felt were of arguable merit, all of which counsel ultimately concluded were wholly frivolous. Id. at ¶ 11. Additionally, the petition explains that counsel notified Appellant of the withdrawal request, furnished Appellant with a copy of the Anders brief, and sent Appellant a letter explaining his right to proceed pro se or with new, privately-retained counsel to raise any additional points or arguments that Appellant believed had merit.[10] See id. at ¶ ¶ 12-13; see also Letter to Appellant, January 12, 2015. In the Anders brief, counsel provides a summary of the facts and procedural history of the case with citations to the record, refers to evidence of record that might arguably support the issues raised on appeal, provides citations to relevant case law, and states his conclusion that the appeal is wholly frivolous and his reasons therefor. See Appellant's Brief, pp. 7-33. Accordingly, counsel has substantially complied with the requirements of Anders and Santiago.
As Appellant filed neither a pro se brief nor a counseled brief with new, privately-retained counsel, we review this appeal based on the issues of arguable merit raised in the Anders brief:
[1.] Was [Appellant's] negotiated guilty plea knowing, intelligent, and voluntary?
[2.] Was the negotiated sentence imposed upon [Appellant] by the lower court pursuant to the terms of the negotiated guilty plea manifestly excessive?
[3.] Was the sentence imposed upon [Appellant] illegal under Alleyne v. U.S., 133 S.Ct. 2151, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013) insofar as it included mandatory minimum sentences imposed pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S.[] § § 9714 and 9719.1?
[4.] Is [Appellant] entitled to have his sentence vacated due to the fact that the District Attorney's Office breached the terms of an agreement with [Appellant]?
[5.] Was [Appellant] denied effective assistance of counsel due to the fact that his privately retained plea counsel failed to file a pre- or post-sentence motion to withdraw [Appellant's] negotiated guilty plea?
[6.] Was [Appellant] denied effective assistance of counsel due to the fact that his privately retained plea counsel advised him not to exercise his right of allocution at sentencing?
Appellant's Brief, pp. 5-6.
1. Appellant entered a knowing, intelligent and voluntary guilty plea.
Appellant's first claim alleges that his plea of guilty was not knowing, intelligent, and voluntary. See Appellant's Brief, pp. 17-20. This claim lacks merit.
" A valid plea colloquy must delve into six areas: 1) the nature of the charges, 2) the factual basis of the plea, 3) the right to a jury trial, 4) the presumption of innocence, 5) the sentencing ranges, and 6) the plea court's power to deviate from any recommended sentence." Commonwealth v. Morrison, 2005 PA Super 222, 878 A.2d 102, 107 (Pa.Super.2005); Pa.R.Crim.P. 590, Comment. Additionally, a written plea colloquy that is read, completed and signed by the defendant and made part of the record may serve as the defendant's plea colloquy when supplemented by an oral, on-the-record examination. Morrison, 878 A.2d at 108 ( citing Comment to Pa.R.Crim.P. 590). Page 783
" [A] plea of guilty will not be deemed invalid if the circumstances surrounding the entry of the plea disclose that the defendant had a full understanding of the nature and consequences of his plea and that he knowingly and voluntarily decided to enter the plea." Commonwealth v. Fluharty, 429 Pa.Super. 213, 632 A.2d 312, 315 (Pa.Super.1993). " Our law presumes that a defendant who enters a guilty plea was aware of what he was doing. He bears the burden of proving otherwise." Commonwealth v. Pollard, 2003 PA Super 334, 832 A.2d 517, 523 (Pa.Super.2003) (internal citation omitted). The entry of a negotiated plea is a " strong indicator" of the voluntariness of the plea. Commonwealth v. Myers, 434 Pa.Super. 221, 642 A.2d 1103, 1106 (Pa.Super.1994). Moreover, " [t]he law does not require that [the defendant] be pleased with the outcome of his decision to enter a plea of guilty: All that is required is that [his] decision to plead guilty be knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently made." Commonwealth v. Anderson, 2010 PA Super 64, 995 A.2d 1184, 1192 (Pa.Super.2010).
The record reveals Appellant understood the nature of the charges against him and the plea to which he was agreeing, and that he voluntarily and intelligently entered his guilty plea. At the outset of the guilty plea hearing, the trial court placed the terms of the agreement on the record.[11] See N.T. 3/21/2011, pp. 6-7. Appellant confirmed that he understood the terms of the negotiated agreement. Id. at 7. Thereafter, the trial court conducted a lengthy guilty plea colloquy in which Appellant fully participated. See id. at 8-35. During the guilty plea colloquy, the trial court explained to Appellant his right to a jury trial, his post-guilty plea appellate rights, and the elements and statutory maximum penalty possible for the charges. Id. at 9-21. Appellant indicated he understood. Id. at 10, 13, 21. Additionally, the Commonwealth provided lengthy factual bases for the charges, after which Appellant admitted he was guilty of each crime. Id. at 21-29. Appellant is bound by his statements made during the colloquy. See Commonwealth v. McCauley, 2001 PA Super 301, 797 A.2d 920, 922 (Pa.Super.2001) (defendant is bound by statements he makes during plea colloquy, and may not assert grounds for withdrawing plea that contradict statements made when he pleaded guilty).
Additionally, defense counsel and Appellant reviewed and completed a written guilty plea colloquy for each docket on which he pleaded guilty, which the trial court reviewed with Appellant and admitted into evidence during the oral colloquy. See N.T. 3/21/2011, pp. 29-31; see also Written Guilty Plea Colloquies. The written colloquies outlined the plea agreement and discussed the charges, the right to a Page 784
jury trial, and the pre-trial rights relinquished by pleading guilty. See Written Guilty Plea Colloquies. The written colloquies further outlined the presumption of innocence and the trial court's power to deviate from the recommended sentence. Id. Appellant further acknowledged in the written guilty plea colloquies that he had ample opportunity to consult with counsel, and that he was satisfied with counsel's representation. See id. at 3. He is further bound by these written statements. See McCauley, supra.
Our review of the guilty plea hearing transcript and documents reveals that the lower court did not abuse its discretion. The record supports the trial court's conclusion that Appellant entered his plea knowingly, voluntarily, and intelligently.
2. Appellant waived his discretionary aspects of sentence claim.
Appellant next claims the negotiated sentence imposed upon acceptance of his guilty plea was manifestly excessive. See Appellant's Brief, pp. 29-33. This claim raises a challenge to the discretionary aspects of Appellant's negotiated sentence, and is unreviewable. The trial court imposed the sentence Appellant negotiated with the Commonwealth. Appellant may not now seek discretionary review of that negotiated sentence. See Commonwealth v. O'Malley, 2008 PA Super 224, 957 A.2d 1265, 1267 (Pa.Super.2008) (" One who pleads guilty and receives a negotiated sentence may not then seek discretionary review of that sentence." ). This claim fails.
3. The trial court did not impose an illegal sentence under Alleyne.
Appellant next claims his sentence is illegal based on the Supreme Court of the United States' decision in Alleyne v. United States[12] because it includes certain mandatory minimum sentences. See Appellant's Brief, pp. 25-28. Appellant is incorrect.
First, Appellant challenges the application of the 10-year mandatory minimum sentence imposed on his attempted murder conviction. Regarding mandatory minimum sentences for second or subsequent convictions for crimes of violence, the Sentencing Code provides, in relevant part:
42 Pa.C.S. § 9714(a).
In Alleyne, the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Sixth Amendment requires that any fact -- other than a prior conviction -- that increases a mandatory minimum sentence for an offense must be submitted to the jury and proven beyond a reasonable doubt. Importantly, Alleyne did not overturn prior precedent that prior convictions are sentencing factors and not elements of offenses. Alleyne, 133 S.Ct. at 2160 n.1; see also Almendarez-Torres v. United States, Page 785
523 U.S. 224, 243-44, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 1230-31, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998).
Section 9714 increases mandatory minimum sentences based on prior convictions. See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9714(a)(1). Accordingly, this section is not unconstitutional under Alleyne. See Alleyne, supra; see also Commonwealth v. Akbar, 2014 PA Super 89, 91 A.3d 227, 239 n.9 (Pa.Super.2014), appeal granted and order vacated on other grounds, 111 A.3d 168, 2015 WL 920472 (Pa. 2015).
Here, at his guilty plea hearing, Appellant acknowledged that his cases involved " mandatory sentences [that would] be imposed by the [trial c]ourt[.]" N.T. 3/21/2011, p. 8. At sentencing, the court characterized the instant matter as a " second strike case[,]" without objection from Appellant.[13] See N.T. 1/16/2014, pp. 4-6. The trial court then imposed a section 9714 mandatory minimum sentence on the attempted murder conviction. This sentence was legal.
Appellant also challenges the application of the 20-year mandatory minimum sentence imposed on his conviction for assault of a law enforcement officer in the first degree. Regarding sentences for offenses committed against law enforcement officers, the Sentencing Code provides, in relevant part:
(a) Mandatory sentence.--A person convicted of the following offense shall be sentenced to a mandatory term of imprisonment as follows:
18 Pa.C.S. § 2702.1(a) (relating to assault of law enforcement officer)[14] --not less than 20 years.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9719.1.
This mandatory sentence provision does not implicate Alleyne. Section 9719.1 does not require proof of any additional elements beyond those already required to convict a defendant of assault of a law enforcement officer in the first degree under 18 Pa.C.S. § 2702.1(a). Nor does section 9719.1 follow the statutory scheme that allowed a trial court to apply a mandatory minimum sentence if the Commonwealth established the triggering fact for the mandatory minimum by a preponderance of the evidence,[15] which this Court found unconstitutional under Alleyne. See, i.e., 18 Pa.C.S. § 6317(b) (relating to sentencing for drug crimes committed in school zones),[16] 18 Pa.C.S. § 7508(b) (relating Page 786
to sentencing for drug trafficking); [17] 42 Pa.C.S. § 9712(b) (relating to sentences for offenses committed with firearms),[18] 42 Pa.C.S. § 9712.1(c) (relating to sentences for certain drug offenses committed with firearms),[19] 42 Pa.C.S. § 9713(c) (relating to sentences for offenses committed on public transportation),[20] and 42 Pa.C.S. § 9718(c) (relating to sentences for offenses against infant persons).[21] Instead, section 9719.1 simply describes the legislatively-required sentence for an offender convicted of assaulting a law enforcement officer pursuant to section 2702.1(a). Because it does not require proof of facts that increase a mandatory minimum sentence, and does not follow the statutory construction that allowed trial courts to find such facts by a preponderance of the evidence at sentencing, section 9719.1 is not unconstitutional under Alleyne or its Pennsylvania progeny.
For these reasons, the trial court did not impose an illegal sentence.
4. No evidence exists of any agreement breached by the Commonwealth.
Appellant next argues that the Commonwealth induced him to plead guilty with the promise of an alleged, nebulous agreement between the Commonwealth and Appellant, which the Commonwealth subsequently breached. See Appellant's Brief, pp. 24-25. This claim lacks merit.[22]
Appellant appears to argue that he received no benefit for having testified for the Commonwealth in other cases. [23] However, nowhere in his brief or filings does Appellant set forth when he made any agreement with the Commonwealth to testify in other cases or the terms of the alleged agreement(s). In fact, Appellant does not even allege the existence of an agreement in the first place. Instead, he simply explains that he testified and expresses his dissatisfaction that he did not receive some undefined benefit from the Commonwealth in return. See Motion for Reconsideration/Modification of Sentence, p. 2. Further, the record contains no evidence of such an agreement. The only agreement that appears in the record is Page 787
the guilty plea agreement that the trial court summarized with Appellant's approval, as discussed supra. Accordingly, this claim fails.
5. Appellant's ineffective assistance of counsel claims must await collateral review.
Appellant's final two claims allege trial counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel by (1) failing to file pre- or post-sentence motions to withdraw Appellant's guilty plea, and (2) advising Appellant not to exercise his right of allocution at sentencing. See Appellant's Brief, pp. 20-23. It is well-settled that, absent circumstances not present in the case at bar, " claims of ineffective assistance of counsel are to be deferred to PCRA review[.]" Commonwealth v. Holmes, 621 Pa. 595, 79 A.3d 562, 576 (Pa.2013). Accordingly, these claims are premature and we will not address them at this time.
For the aforementioned reasons, the claims raised in the Anders brief lack merit. Additionally, our independent review of the record has revealed no non-frivolous claims that Appellant could have raised, and we agree with counsel that this appeal is wholly frivolous. Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of sentence.
Judgment of sentence affirmed. Counsel's petition to withdraw is granted.