Source: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/wsi/2007/717/made/data.xht?view=snippet&wrap=true
Timestamp: 2019-02-22 21:46:17
Document Index: 593280641

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 4', 'arts 1', 'arts 2', 'arts 2', 'art 1', 'ART 5', 'art 1', 'ART 1', 'ART 2', 'ART 3', 'ART 2', 'ART 3', 'ART 4', 'ART 1', 'ART 2', 'ART 3', 'ART 4', 'ART 1', 'ART 3', 'ART 2', 'ART 1', 'art 4', 'art 3']

The Air Quality Standards (Wales) Regulations 2007 No. 717 (W. 63) xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
2007 No. 717 (W.63)
The National Assembly for Wales (“the National Assembly”), being designated(1) to exercise powers under section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972(2) in relation to measures relating to the assessment and management of ambient air quality and compliance with air quality limit values, target values and objectives, makes the following Regulations:
1.—(1) The title of these Regulations is the Air Quality Standards (Wales) Regulations 2007.
“alert threshold” (trothwy rhybuddio”) means an alert threshold set out in Schedule 3;
“attainment date” (dyddiad cyrhaeddiad”) means a date by which—
a limit value is required to be attained; or
a target value should be attained, insofar as this is possible;
“Group A pollutants” (“llygryddion Grŵp A”) means benzene, carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, PM10 and sulphur dioxide;
“Group B pollutants” (“llygryddion Grŵp B”) means arsenic, benzo(a)pyrene, cadmium and nickel and their compounds;
“oxides of nitrogen” (ocsidau nitrogen”) means the sum of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide added as parts per billion and expressed as nitrogen dioxide in microgrammes per cubic metre;
“ozone precursor substances” (rhagsylweddau osôn”) means substances which contribute to the formation of ground level ozone, as referred to by regulation 18(1);
any pollutant to which Part 3 of these Regulations applies;
those compounds listed at regulation 19(2); and
any other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons the National Assembly chooses to monitor under regulation 19(1)(b);
(a)Council Directive 96/62/EC on ambient air quality assessment and management(3);
(b)Council Directive 1999/30/EC relating to limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter and lead in ambient air(4);
(c)Directive 2000/69/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to limit values for benzene and carbon monoxide in ambient air(5);
(d)Directive 2002/3/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to ozone in ambient air(6); and
(e)Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air(7).
Designation of National Assembly for Wales
3. The National Assembly is designated as the competent authority for the purposes of Article 3 (implementation and responsibilities) of Council Directive 96/62/EC.
(b)insofar as concentrations of the relevant pollutants arise as a result of emissions from installations to which Council Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control(8) applies, the application of best available techniques to prevent pollution from those installations in accordance with article 3(a) of that Directive(9).
10.—(1) This regulation applies in respect of each zone in which concentrations of—
(a)one or more Group A pollutants are below the relevant limit values;
(b)one or more Group B pollutants are below the relevant target values; or
(c)ozone meet the long-term objectives.
(a)ensure that concentrations are kept at or below the long-term objectives, insofar as the transboundary nature of ozone pollution, meteorological conditions and any other similar factors permit; and
(b)preserve through proportionate measures the lowest concentrations of ozone which it considers to be compatible with sustainable development and a high level of protection for the environment and human health.
11.—(1) The National Assembly must, in accordance with,—
(a)paragraphs (2) to (4), prepare action plans; and
(b)paragraph (5), implement action plans.
(a)reduce the risk that the relevant limit value or alert threshold will be exceeded; or
(b)where it is not possible to prevent the occurrence, limit its duration or severity.
13.—(1) The National Assembly must assess concentrations of pollutants in accordance with the methods required or, in the case of Group A pollutants and Group B pollutants, permitted by this regulation.
(a)the assessment concerns a Group A pollutant within an agglomeration; or
(b)concentrations of a pollutant have exceeded the upper assessment threshold,
(a)a combination of—
(i)fixed measurement, and
(ii)modelling techniques,
(b)the sole use of either modelling or objective estimation techniques, provided that—
(i)paragraph (4) does not apply, and
(ii)concentrations of the relevant pollutant have, over a representative period, been below the lower assessment threshold.
(a)the upper and lower assessment thresholds are specified for Group A pollutants in Part 1 of Schedule 4 and for Group B pollutants in Part 2 of that Schedule; and
(b)the representative period is to be interpreted in accordance with Part 3 of that Schedule.
(a)in the event of significant changes in activities affecting concentrations of a pollutant within that zone; and
(b)in any event, at least once in every five years.
(a)measurement campaigns of short duration at times and locations which it considers are likely to be typical of the highest pollution levels; and
Fixed measurement
14.—(1) This regulation applies in cases where, in relation to one or more pollutants, a zone is assessed in accordance with the methods referred to in regulation 13(2), (3)(a) or (7).
15.—(1) Where the National Assembly assesses concentrations of a pollutant within a zone in accordance with the methods referred to at regulation 13(2), (3)(a) or (7) it must, in respect of each pollutant, ensure that—
(a)a minimum number of sampling points are established within each zone, in accordance with paragraphs (2) to (6); and
(b)each sampling point is located in accordance with the relevant Parts of Schedule 5.
(a)regulation 13(2), and paragraph (3)(a) of this regulation does not apply; or
(b)regulation 13(7), and paragraph (4) of this regulation does not apply,
(a)regulation 13(2) and, within that zone, the National Assembly supplements fixed measurements with modelling techniques in accordance with regulation 14(3); or
(b)regulation 13(3)(a),
(a)the modelling techniques adopted provide an adequate level of information for the assessment of air quality with regard to the—
(i)target values,
(ii)information threshold, and
(iii)alert threshold;
(b)the number of sampling points to be installed and the spatial resolution of other techniques are sufficient for the concentration of ozone to be established and to enable the compilation of assessment results as specified in Part 3 of Schedule 7;
(c)the number of sampling points in each zone amounts to—
(i)at least one sampling point per two million inhabitants, or
(e)concentrations of nitrogen dioxide are assessed at all remaining sampling points except rural background stations, in accordance with paragraph (7).
(a)concentrations of nitrogen dioxide are assessed—
(i)at least at 50 per cent of the sampling points established for ozone in accordance with Part 4 of Schedule 6, or
(ii)where paragraph (6) applies, in accordance with sub-paragraph (e) of that paragraph;
(b)the measurement of nitrogen dioxide taken at these sampling points is continuous, except at rural background stations where other measurement methods may be used.
16.—(1) When the National Assembly undertakes assessments as respects—
(a)Group A pollutants or Group B pollutants, by the methods other than fixed measurement which are permitted by regulation 13(3) or 14(3); or
(b)ozone, by methods other than fixed continuous measurement which are permitted by regulations 13(7) and 14(4),
(b)any alternative reference methods, where it considers that the method in question gives equivalent results to the relevant method required by Schedule 9.
17.—(1) The National Assembly must, in accordance with paragraph (2), install and operate measuring stations to supply representative data on concentrations of PM2·5.
(a)choose the number of measuring stations it considers necessary;
(b)insofar as possible, co-locate the measuring stations with any sampling points established for PM10 in accordance with regulation 15(1), or
(ii)in any other case, locate the measuring stations in accordance with the principles set out in Parts 1, 4 and 5 of Schedule 5 as they apply to PM10;
(c)use reference methods for sampling and measurement that it considers suitable; and
18.—(1) The National Assembly must, in accordance with paragraph (2), install and operate one or, if it considers it necessary, more measuring stations to supply data on concentrations of those ozone precursor substances set out in Schedule 10.
19.—(1) The National Assembly must, in accordance with paragraphs (3) to (6), monitor concentrations of—
(a)those polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons listed in paragraph (2); and
(b)any other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, within the meaning of paragraph (7) that it may additionally choose to monitor.
(b)benzo(a)fluoranthene;
(c)benzo(b)fluoranthene;
(d)benzo(j)fluoranthene;
(e)benzo(k)fluoranthene;
(f)dibenz(a,h)anthracene; and
(g)indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.
(a)insofar as possible, be co-located with a sampling point established for benzo(a)pyrene under regulation 15(1); or
(b)in any other case, be located in accordance with Parts 2, 4 and 5 of Schedule 5.
20.—(1) The National Assembly must, in accordance with paragraphs (3) and (4), install and operate background sampling points to provide the measurements required by paragraph (2).
(i)Group B pollutants,
(ii)polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and
(iii)total gaseous mercury as defined in paragraph (6);
(b)total deposition of—
(i)Group B pollutants within the PM10 fraction,
(b)each sampling point is located in accordance with Parts 2, 4 and 5 of Schedule 5.
(a)in addition to the indicative measurements required by paragraph (2), take further indicative measurements relating specifically to particulate and gaseous divalent mercury from the sampling points required to be installed by paragraph (1); and
(b)coordinate any measurements taken under this regulation with the European Monitoring and Evaluation of Pollutants monitoring strategy and measurement programme.
22. The National Assembly must make available—
(b)the following lists of zones—
(i)zones which have attained all air quality standards,
(ii)zones which have not attained one or more of the air quality standards, in respect of which the list must specify the pollutants and air quality standards concerned;
(c)until 1 January 2010, a list of zones in which concentrations of benzene or nitrogen dioxide either—
(i)exceed a limit value plus the relevant margin of tolerance, or
(d)a list classifying each zone in relation to the method by which concentrations of each pollutant are assessed within that zone in accordance with regulation 13.
24.—(1) The National Assembly must, as soon as possible in each case, provide the information required by paragraphs (2) to (4) where—
(a)any of the following are exceeded—
(i)the alert threshold for nitrogen dioxide or sulphur dioxide, or
(ii)the alert threshold or information threshold for ozone;
(b)it is predicted that the alert threshold or information threshold for ozone will be exceeded.
(a)both sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) of paragraph (1)(a) apply; or
(b)both sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph (1) apply,
26.—(1) The National Assembly must produce an annual report in relation to ozone in accordance with paragraphs (2) and (3).
(a)for human health, an indication of all occasions during which—
(i)the target value,
(ii)the long-term objective, or
(b)for vegetation, an indication of all occasions during which—
(i)the target value, or
(ii)the long-term objective,
(a)further information and assessments on forest protection, in accordance with Part 1 of Schedule 12; and
27.—(1) The National Assembly must make available, and provide information on the implementation of, each action plan and improvement plan.
28.—(1) The National Assembly must consult the public where it proposes to prepare, modify or review an improvement plan.
(a)inform the public as to its proposal and any relevant background information; and
(b)specify the means by which the public can participate in the consultation process, including an address for responses and a reasonable timescale for the consultation.
PART 5Final and miscellaneous provisions
Collation of information etc.
29.—(1) The National Assembly must ensure that the information specified in Part 1 of Schedule 12 is obtained and collated.
30. The Regulations set out in Schedule 13 are revoked in accordance with that Schedule.
Limit value for the protection of human health Calendar year 5 μg/m3 1 January 2010
For the purposes of this table, the maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration will be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated will be assigned to the day on which it ends, i.e. the first calculation period for any one day will be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on that day.
Limit value for the protection of human health Maximum daily 8-hour mean 10 mg/m3
Annual limit value for the protection of human health Calendar year 0.5 μg/m3
Hourly limit value for the protection of human health 1 hour 200 μg/m3 NO2, not to be exceeded more than 18 times a calendar year 1 January 2010
Annual limit value for the protection of human health Calendar year 40 μg/m3 NO2 1 January 2010
Annual limit value for the protection of vegetation Calendar year 30 μg/m3 NOx
24-hour limit value for the protection of human health 24 hours 50 μg/m3 PM10, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a calendar year
Annual limit value for the protection of human health Calendar year 40 μg/m3 PM10
Hourly limit value for the protection of human health 1 hour 350 μg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 24 times a calendar year
Daily limit value for the protection of human health 24 hours 125 μg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 3 times a calendar year
Limit value for the protection of ecosystems Calendar year and winter (1 October to 31 March) 20 μg/m3
Coming into force of these Regulations 31 December 2007 3 μg/m3 30 μg/m3 6 μg/m3
1 January 2008 31 December 2008 2 μg/m3 20 μg/m3 4 μg/m3
1 January 2009 31 December 2009 1 μg/m3 10 μg/m3 2 μg/m3
1. The target values in the table below in each case relate to the total content of the relevant pollutant in the PM10 fraction averaged over one calendar year.
(c)measuring station (map, geographical coordinates).
7. Details of those measures or projects for improvements which existed prior to 21 November 1996—
10. List of the publications, documents and work used to supplement information required by this Schedule.
SCHEDULE 4Assessment thresholds
PART 1Assessment thresholds for Group A pollutants
Upper assessment threshold 70% of limit value (140 μg/m3), not to be exceeded more than 18 times in any calendar year 80% of limit value (32 μg/m3) 80% of limit value (24 μg/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 50% of limit value (100 μg/m3), not to be exceeded more than 18 times in any calendar year 65% of limit value (26 μg/m3) 65% of limit value (19.5 μg/m3)
Upper assessment threshold 60% of limit value (30 μg/m3), not to be exceeded more than 7 times in any calendar year 70% of limit value (14 μg/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 40% of limit value (20 μg/m3), not to be exceeded more than 7 times in any calendar year 50% of limit value (10 μg/m3)
Upper assessment threshold 60% of 24-hour limit value (75 μg/m3), not to be exceeded more than 3 times in any calendar year 60% of winter limit value (12 μg/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 40% of 24-hour limit value (50 μg/m3), not to be exceeded more than 3 times in any calendar year 40% of winter limit value (8 μg/m3)
PART 2Assessment thresholds for Group B pollutants
Upper assessment threshold 60% of target value (3.6 ng/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 40% of target value (2.4 ng/m3)
Upper assessment threshold 60% of target value (0.6 ng/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 40% of target value (0.4 ng/m3)
Upper assessment threshold 60% of target value (3 ng/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 40% of target value (2 ng/m3)
Upper assessment threshold 70% of target value (14 ng/m3)
Lower assessment threshold 50% of target value (10 ng/m3)
PART 3Determination of when assessment thresholds are exceeded
1. Exceedances of upper and lower assessment thresholds must be determined on the basis of concentrations during the previous five years where sufficient data are available. An assessment threshold will be deemed to have been exceeded if it has been exceeded during at least three separate years out of the previous five years.
Regulation 15(1)(b) Regulation 19(4)(b) Regulation 20(3)(b)
SCHEDULE 5Location of sampling points
PART 2Macroscale siting for Group B pollutants
7. The sites of sampling points should be selected in such a way as to provide data on—
(a)the areas within zones where the population is likely to be directly or indirectly exposed to the highest concentrations averaged over a calendar year;
(b)concentrations in other areas within zones which are representative of the exposure of the general population;
(c)deposition rates representing the indirect exposure of the population through the food chain.
8. Sampling points should in general be sited so as to avoid measuring very small micro-environments in their immediate vicinity. As a guideline, a sampling point should be representative of air quality in surrounding areas of no less than 200 m2 at traffic-orientated sites, at least 250 m ×; 250 m at industrial sites, where feasible, and several square kilometres at urban-background sites.
9. Where the objective is to assess background levels the sampling site should not be influenced by agglomerations or industrial sites in its vicinity, i.e. sites closer than a few kilometres.
10. Where contributions from industrial sources are to be assessed, at least one sampling point must be installed downwind of the source in the nearest residential area. Where the background concentration is not known, an additional sampling point must be situated within the main wind direction. In particular, where regulation 9(1)(a) applies, the sampling points should be sited such that the application of the measures referred to at regulation 7(2)(b) can be monitored.
11. Sampling points should also, where possible, be representative of similar locations not in their immediate vicinity. Where appropriate, they should be co-located with sampling points for PM10.
PART 3Macroscale siting for ozone
12. Sampling points for ozone must be located in accordance with the considerations set out in the following table—
Objective of measurement
Urban Protection of human health: to assess the exposure of the urban population to ozone, i.e. where the population density and ozone concentration are relatively high and representative of the exposure of the general population A few km2 Away from the influence of local emissions such as traffic, petrol stations etc.; vented locations where the urban population to well mixed levels can be measured; locations such as residential and commercial areas of cities, parks (away from the trees), big streets or squares with very little or no traffic open areas characteristic of education, sports or recreation facilities
Suburban Protection of human health and vegetation: To assess the exposure of the population and vegetation located in the outskirts of the agglomeration, where the highest ozone levels, to which the population and vegetation is likely to be directly or indirectly exposed, occur Some tens of km2 At a certain distance from the area of maximum emissions, downwind following the main wind direction during conditions favourable to ozone formation; where population, sensitive crops or natural ecosystems located in the outer fringe of an agglomeration are exposed to high ozone levels; where appropriate, some sub urban stations also upwind of the area of maximum emissions, in order to determine the regional background levels of ozone
Rural Protection of human health and vegetation: to assess the exposure of population, crops and natural ecosystems to sub-regional scale ozone concentrations Sub-regional levels (a few km2) Stations can be located in small settlements and/or areas with natural ecosystems, forests or crops; representative for ozone away from the influence of immediate local emissions such as industrial installations and roads; at open area sites, but not on higher mountain-tops
Rural background Protection of vegetation and human health: To assess the exposure of crops and natural ecosystems to regional-scale ozone concentrations as well as exposure of the populations Regional/national /continental levels (1,000 to 10,000 km2) Stations located in areas with lower population density, e.g. with natural ecosystems, forests, far removed from urban and industrial areas and away from local emissions; avoid locations which are subject to locally enhanced formation of near- ground inversion conditions, also summits of higher mountains; coastal sites with pronounced diurnal wind cycles of local character are not recommended
13. For rural and background stations, consideration should be given, where appropriate, to co-ordination with the monitoring requirements of Commission Regulation 1091/94(11) concerning protection of the Community’s forests against atmospheric pollution.
PART 4Microscale siting
14. The following guidelines should be met as far as practicable—
(a)the flow around the inlet sampling probe should be unrestricted (and, for ozone sampling, free in an arc of at least 270°), without any obstructions affecting the airflow in the vicinity of the sampler (normally some metres away from buildings, balconies, trees and other obstacles by more than twice the height the obstacle protrudes above the sampler and at least 0.5 m from the nearest building in the case of sampling points representing air quality at the building line);
(e)in relation to the location of traffic orientated samplers—
(i)for all pollutants, such sampling points should be at least 25 m from the edge of major junctions and at least 4 m from the centre of the nearest traffic lane,
(ii)for nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide, inlets should be no more than 5 m from the kerbside, and
(iii)for PM10, lead, benzene and Group B pollutants, inlets should be sited so as to be representative of air quality near to the building line;
(f)for ozone, the inlet probe should be positioned well away from such sources as furnaces and incineration flues and more than 10 m from the nearest road, with distance increasing as a function of traffic intensity;
(g)for deposition measurements in rural background areas as respects Group B pollutants and other pollutants falling within regulations 19 and 20, the European Monitoring and Evaluation of Pollutants guidelines and criteria should be applied as far as practicable.
15. The following factors may also be taken into account—
SCHEDULE 6Minimum number of sampling points
PART 1Group A pollutants: human health-based limit values and alert thresholds
If concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold(1)
For nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide in agglomerations where maximum concentrations are below the lower assessment thresholds
For NO2 and PM10 to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement also applies to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.
0—249 1 1 not applicable
250—499 2 1 1
500—749 2 1 1
750—999 3 1 1
1,000—1,499 4 2 1
1,500—1,999 5 2 1
2,000—2,749 6 3 2
2,750—3,749 7 3 2
3,750—4,749 8 4 2
4,750—5,999 9 4 2
6,000 or more 10 5 3
2. For the assessment of pollution in the vicinity of point sources, the number of sampling points for fixed measurement should be calculated taking into account emission densities, the likely distribution patterns of ambient-air pollution and the potential exposure of the population.
PART 2Group A pollutants: limit values for the protection of ecosystems or vegetation
3. The Table below sets out the minimum number of sampling points for fixed measurements to assess compliance with limit values for the protection of ecosystems or vegetation in zones other than agglomerations.
4. In island zones, the number of sampling points for fixed measurement should be calculated taking into account the likely distribution patterns of ambient-air pollution and the potential exposure of ecosystems or vegetation.
PART 3Group B pollutants
5. This Part sets out the minimum number of sampling points for fixed measurement of Group B pollutants to assess compliance with target values for the protection of human health in zones where fixed measurement is the sole source of information.
If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold(1)
To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.
0—749 1 1 1 1
750—1,999 2 2 1 1
2,000—3,749 2 3 1 1
3,750—4,749 3 4 2 2
4,750—5,999 4 5 2 2
=<6,000 5 5 2 2
6. For the assessment of pollution in the vicinity of point sources, the number of sampling points for fixed measurement should be determined taking into account emission densities, the likely distribution patterns of ambient air pollution and potential exposure of the population. The sampling points should be sited such that the application of the measures referred to at regulation 7(2)(b) can be monitored.
PART 4Ozone
7. Except insofar as otherwise provided by regulation 15(5) or (6), the minimum number of sampling points for fixed continuous measurement to assess air quality in view of compliance with the target values, long-term objectives and information and alert thresholds where continuous measurement is the sole source of information is set out in the table below.
0—249 1 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
250—499 1 2 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
500—999 2 2 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
1,000—1,499 3 3 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
1,500—1,999 3 4 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
2,000—2,749 4 5 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
2,750—3,749 5 6 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
3,750 or more 1 additional station per 2 million inhabitants 1 additional station per 2 million inhabitants 1 station/50,000 km2 as an average density over all zones in Wales(2)
3. Where an air quality model is used for assessment, references to descriptions of the model and information on the uncertainty must be compiled. The uncertainty for modelling is defined as the maximum deviation of the measured and calculated concentration levels, over a full year, without taking into account the timing of the events.
4. Where objective estimation techniques are used, the uncertainty must not exceed 100%.
5. For substances to be analysed in the PM10 fraction, the sampling volume refers to ambient conditions.
Regulation 16(2) Regulation 17(2)(d) Regulation 19(6) Regulation 20(4)
SCHEDULE 8Data quality objectives
PART 1Group A pollutants and PM2·5
1. Data-quality objectives are set out in the table and paragraphs below for the required accuracy of assessment methods, of minimum time coverage and of data capture of measurement are laid down to guide quality assurance programmes—
Lead, PM2·5 and PM10
Minimum time coverage 14% (one measurement a week at random, evenly distributed over the year, or eight weeks evenly distributed over the year) 14% (one measurement a week at random, evenly distributed over the year, or eight weeks evenly distributed over the year)
Hourly averages 50%-60%
Accuracy 75% 100%
2. The accuracy of the measurement is defined as laid down in the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty of Measurements” (ISO 1993)(12) or in ISO 5725-1 “Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results” (ISO 1994). The percentages in the table are given for individual measurements averaged, over the period considered, by the limit value, for a 95% confidence interval (bias + two times the standard deviation). The accuracy for continuous measurements should be interpreted as being applicable in the region of the appropriate limit value.
3. The accuracy for modelling and objective estimation is defined as the maximum deviation of the measured and calculated concentration levels, over the period considered by the limit value, without taking account the timing of the events
4. The requirements for minimum data capture and time coverage do not include losses of data due to the regular calibration or the normal maintenance of the instrumentation.
5. The National Assembly may allow for random measurements to be made instead of continuous measurements for lead, PM2·5 and PM10 by methods for which accuracy within the 95% confidence interval with respect to continuous monitoring has been demonstrated to be within 10%. Random sampling must be spread evenly over the year.
6. The data quality objectives in the following table, for allowed uncertainty of assessment methods, of minimum time coverage and of data capture of measurement are provided to guide quality assurance programmes—
Minimum time coverage 35% at urban background and traffic sites (distributed over the year to be representative of various conditions for climate and traffic); 90% at industrial sites
Eight-hour averages 50%
Annual averages 50%
7. The uncertainty (on a 95% confidence interval) of the assessment methods must be evaluated in accordance with the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty of Measurements” (ISO 1993) or the methodology of ISO 5725:1994. The percentages for uncertainty in the above table are given for individual measurements averaged over the period considered by the limit value, for a 95% confidence interval. The uncertainty for the fixed measurements should be interpreted as being applicable in the region of the appropriate limit value.
9. The requirements for minimum data capture and time coverage do not include losses of data due to the regular calibration or the normal maintenance of the instrumentation.
10. The National Assembly may allow for random measurements to be made instead of continuous measurements for benzene if the uncertainty, including the uncertainty due to random sampling, meets the quality objective of 25%. Random sampling must be spread evenly over the year.
12. The uncertainty (expressed at a 95 % confidence level) of the methods used for the assessment of ambient air concentrations must be evaluated in accordance with the CEN Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (ENV 13005-1999)(13), the methodology of ISO 5725:1994, and the guidance provided in the CEN Report, “Air quality — Approach to uncertainty estimation for ambient air reference measurement methods” (CR 14377:2002E). The percentages for uncertainty in the above table are given for individual measurements, which are averaged over typical sampling times, for a 95 % confidence interval. The uncertainty of the measurements should be interpreted as being applicable in the region of the appropriate target value. Fixed and indicative measurements must be evenly distributed over the year in order to avoid skewing of results.
PART 3Ozone and nitrogen dioxide assessed at ozone sampling points
16. The data quality objectives set out in the table and paragraphs below, for allowed uncertainty of assessment methods, and of minimum time coverage and of data capture of measurement, are provided to guide quality-assurance programmes—
17. The uncertainty (on a 95% confidence interval) of the measurement methods must be evaluated in accordance with the principles laid down in the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty of Measurements” (ISO 1993) or the methodology in ISO 5725-1 “Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results” (ISO 1994) or equivalent. The percentages for uncertainty in the table are given for individual measurements, averaged over the period for calculating target values and long-term objectives, for a 95% confidence interval. The uncertainty for continuous fixed measurements should be interpreted as being applicable in the region of the concentration used for the appropriate threshold.
19. “Time coverage”(“yr amser a gwmpesir”) means the percentage of time considered for settling the threshold value during which the pollutant is measured.
20. “Data capture” (“y data a gipir”) means the ratio of the time for which the instrument produces valid data, to the time for which the statistical parameter or aggregated value is to be calculated.
Regulation 16(3)(a) Regulation 19(6) Regulation 20(4)
SCHEDULE 9Reference methods
PART 2Group B pollutants in ambient air
Sampling and analysis of Group B pollutants other than benzo(a)pyrene in ambient air A method based on manual PM10 sampling equivalent to EN 12341, followed by digestion of the samples and analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry or ICP Mass Spectrometry
Benzo(a)pyrene concentrations in ambient air A method based on manual PM10 sampling equivalent to EN 12341
4. A list of volatile organic compounds recommended for measurement by Directive 2002/3/EC(14) is given in the table below—
SCHEDULE 12Collation of information and criteria for aggregating data and calculating statistical parameters
PART 1Information to be submitted to the Commission
1. The following information on ozone concentrations must be obtained and collated—
Averaging /accumulation time
In this table, “AOT40” has the same meaning as in paragraph 3(d) of Part 4 of Schedule 1.
Information threshold Any 180μg/m3 1 hour For each day with any exceedance: date, total hours of, exceedance, maximum 1-hour ozone and related NO2 values when required For each day with any exceedance: date, total hours of exceedance, maximum 1-hour ozone and related NO2 values, when required
Monthly 1-hour maximum ozone
Alert threshold Any 240μg/m3 1 hour For each day with any exceedance: date, total hours of exceedance, maximum 1-hour ozone and related NO2 values, when required For each day with any exceedance: date, total hours of exceedance, maximum 1-hour ozone and related NO2 values, when required
Health protection Any 120μg/m3 8 hours For each day with any exceedance: date, 8 hours maximum(1) For each day with any exceedance: date, 8 hours maximum(1)
Vegetation protection Suburban, rural, rural background AOT40(2) = 6,000 μg/m3.h 1 hour, accumulated from May to June Value
Forest protection Suburban, rural, rural background AOT40(2) = 20,000 μg/m3.h 1 hour, accumulated from April to September Value
Materials Any 40 μg/m3 1 year Value
2. The National Assembly must also ensure that the following information is collated—
4. In this Part, percentiles are to be calculated using the method specified in Council Decision 97/101/EC(15) establishing a reciprocal exchange of information and data from networks and individual stations measuring ambient air pollution within member States.
5. The following criteria are to be used for checking validity when aggregating data and calculating statistical parameters—
In cases where all possible measured data are not available, the following factor must be used to calculate AOT40 values: AOT40 (estimate) = AOT40 measured × (total possible number of hours ÷ number of measured hourly values). The reference in this formula to the total possible number of hours is to the hours within the time period of AOT40 definition (that is, 8:00 to 20:00 Central European Time from 1 May to 31 July each year, for vegetation protection and from 1 April to 30 September each year for forest protection).
Maximum daily 8 hours mean from hourly running 8 hours averages 75% of the hourly running 8-hour averages (18 8 hours per day)
AOT40 90% of the 1-hour values over the time period defined for calculating the AOT40 value(1)
Annual mean 75% of the 1-hour values over summer (April to September) and winter (January to March, October to December) seasons separately
Number of exceedances and maximum values per month 90% of the daily maximum 8 hours mean value (27 available daily values per month) 90% of the 1-hour values between 8:00 and 20:00 Central European Time
as amended by S.I. 2005/1157 (W.74).
Regulation 6 of S.I. 1989/317 has been revoked, insofar as it applies in relation to Wales, by regulation 13(2) of S.I. 2002/3183 (W.299) from the date specified in the third column of the above table, with the effect that the revocation will not have taken effect by the time S.I. 2002/3183 (W.299) is itself revoked.
as amended by S.I. 1995/3146 in relation to regulation 6.
The Air Quality Limit Values (Wales) (Amendment) Regulations 2005 S.I. 2005/1157 (W.74) 15 March 2007
The Air Quality (Ozone) (Wales) Regulations 2003 S.I. 2003/1848 (W.198) 15 March 2007
The Air Quality Limit Values (Wales) Regulations 2002 S.I. 2002/3183 (W.299)(1) 15 March 2007
Regulation 6 of the Air Quality Standards Regulations 1989(2), insofar as it applies in relation to Wales S.I. 1989/317(3) 1 January 2010
(a)implement Council Directive 96/62/EC on ambient air quality assessment and management (OJ No. L 296, 21.11.96, p.55);
(b)implement Council Directive 1999/30/EC relating to limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter and lead in ambient air (OJ No. L 163, 29.06.99, p.41);
(c)implement Directive 2000/69/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to limit values for benzene and carbon monoxide in ambient air (OJ No. L 313, 13.12.00, p.12);
(d)implement Directive 2002/3/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to ozone in ambient air (OJ No. L 67, 09.03.02, p.14);
(e)implement Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air (OJ No. L 23, 26.01.05, p.3);
(f)incorporate requirements imposed by Commission Decision 2001/744/EC amending Annex V to Council Directive 1999/30/EC (OJ No. L 278, 23.10.01, p.35) and Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council providing for public participation in respect of the drawing-up of certain plans and programmes relating to the environment and amending with regard to public participation and access to justice Council Directives 85/337/EEC and 96/61/EC (OJ No. L 156, 25.06.03, p.17); and
(g)replace regulation 6 of the Air Quality Standards Regulations 1989 (S.I. 1989/317), the Air Quality Limit Values (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3183) (W.299), the Air Quality (Ozone) (Wales) Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/1848) (W.198) and the Air Quality Limit Values (Wales) (Amendment) Regulations 2005 (S.I. 2005/1157) (W.74), all of which are revoked by regulation 30 of, and Schedule 13 to, these Regulations.
In Part 3 of these Regulations, regulations 17 to 19 require the National Assembly to monitor or measure, respectively, PM2·5, ozone precursor substances and certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Regulation 20 requires the taking of indicative measurements of the concentration and deposition of Group B pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and mercury.
OJ No L 296, 21.11.96, p.55.
OJ No L 163, 29.06.99, p.41.
OJ No L 313, 13.12.00, p.12.
OJ No L 67, 09.03.02, p.14.
OJ No L 23, 26.01.05, p.3.
OJ No L 125, 18.05.94, p.1.
Copies of International Standards Organisation publications may be purchased from the British Standards Institution ('BSI') Sales Department either by telephone (0208 996 9001) or by post from the BSI, Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, http://www.bsi-global.com
OJ L 35, 05.02.97, p.14.