Source: http://www.patentgenius.com/patent/8666754.html
Timestamp: 2018-05-23 22:31:58
Document Index: 383607783

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2010219643', 'Application No. 2012204146', 'Application No. 2012204147', 'Application No. 2012204146', 'Application No. 2012204147', 'Application No. 12175685', 'Application No. 12175685', 'Application No. 12175701', 'Application No. 12175701', 'Application No. 10748784', 'Application No. 2011140533', 'Application No. 2012131495', 'Application No. 2012131496', 'Application No. 12175701', 'Application No. 12175685', 'Application No. 2']

Audio signal encoding method, audio signal decoding method, encoding device, decoding device, audio signal processing system, audio signal encoding program, and audio signal decoding program - Patent # 8666754 - PatentGenius
Audio signal encoding method, audio signal decoding method, encoding device, decoding device, audio signal processing system, audio signal encoding program, and audio signal decoding program
8666754 Audio signal encoding method, audio signal decoding method, encoding device, decoding device, audio signal processing system, audio signal encoding program, and audio signal decoding program
U.S. Class: 704/500; 704/203; 704/219
Field Of Search: ;704/203; ;704/219; ;704/500; ;704/501; ;704/502; ;704/503; ;704/504
International Class: G10L 19/00; G10L 19/02
Foreign Patent Documents: 2969805; 09-152899; 11-242499; 11-243396; 2002-164796; 2003-44097; 2004-053676; 2011-527459; WO 2005/112005; WO 2006/118179; WO 2010/003663; WO 2011/048117
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Abstract: When a frame immediately preceding an encoding target frame to be encoded by a first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme is encoded by a second encoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the encoding target frame can be encoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit. Therefore, encoding processing performed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
1. An audio signal encoding method for encoding an audio signal including a plurality of frames, using a first encoder operating under a linear predictive coding scheme anda second encoder operating under a coding scheme which is different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the audio signal encoding method comprising: a switching step of switching, to encode a second frame immediately succeeding a first frame, fromthe second encoder to the first encoder after the first frame of the audio signal is encoded by the second encoder; and an initialization step of initializing an internal state of the first encoder according to a predetermined method after the switchingstep, wherein, in the initialization step, an internal state of the first encoder is initialized by setting a residual signal as a content of an adaptive codebook of the first encoder, wherein the residual signal is obtained by applying a linearpredictive inverse filter to either the first frame yet to be encoded by the second encoder or a signal obtained by decoding an encoded result of the first frame generated by the second encoder, and wherein linear predictive coefficients of the firstframe are included in codes of the second frame, and, in the initialization step, the linear predictive coefficients are utilized for the linear predictive inverse filter.
2. An audio signal decoding method for decoding an encoded audio signal including a plurality of encoded frames generated from an audio signal including a plurality of frames, using a first decoder operating under a linear predictive codingscheme and a second decoder operating under a coding scheme which is different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the audio signal decoding method comprising: a switching step of switching, to decode a second encoded frame immediately succeeding afirst encoded frame, from the second decoder to the first decoder after the first encoded frame of the encoded audio signal is decoded by the second decoder, the first encoded frame being generated from a first frame of the audio signal and the secondencoded frame being generated from a second frame immediately succeeding the first frame in the audio signal; and an initialization step of initializing an internal state of the first decoder according to a predetermined method, after the switchingstep, wherein, in the initialization step, an internal state of the first decoder is initialized by setting a residual signal as a content of an adaptive codebook of the first decoder, wherein the residual signal is obtained by applying a linearpredictive inverse filter to a signal obtained by decoding the first encoded frame by the second decoder, and wherein linear predictive coefficients of the first frame are included in codes of the second encoded frame, and, in the initialization step,the linear predictive coefficients are utilized for the linear predictive inverse filter.
3. An encoding device including a first encoder operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second encoder operating under a coding scheme which is different from the linear predictive coding scheme and encoding an audio signalusing the first encoder and the second encoder, the encoding device comprising: a first selector that determines whether the first or second encoder is used to encode a target frame that is included in the audio signal and serves as an encoding target; a second selector that determines, if the first selector determines that the target frame is to be encoded by the first encoder, whether an immediately preceding frame that immediately precedes the target frame has been encoded by the first encoder orthe second encoder; an internal state calculator that, if the second selector determines that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded by the second encoder, calculates an internal state of the first encoder by applying a linear predictiveinverse filter to a signal obtained by decoding an encoded result of the immediately preceding frame to calculate a residual signal; and an initializer that initializes an internal state of the first encoder by setting the residual signal calculated bythe internal state calculator as a content of an adaptive codebook of the first encoder, wherein a linear predictive coefficients of the immediately preceding frame are included in codes of the target frame, and the internal state calculator utilizes thelinear predictive coefficients for the linear predictive inverse filter, and the first encoder encodes the target frame after initialization of the internal state by the initializer.
4. A decoding device including a first decoder operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second decoder operating under a coding scheme which is different from the linear predictive coding scheme and decoding an encoded audiosignal generated from an audio signal, using the first decoder and the second decoder, the decoding device comprising: a first selector that determines whether the first or second decoder is used to decode a target encoded frame that is included in theencoded audio signal and serves as a decoding target; a second selector that determines, if the first selector determines that the target encoded frame is to be decoded by the first decoder, whether an immediately preceding encoded frame thatimmediately precedes the target encoded frame has been decoded by the first decoder or the second decoder; internal state calculator that calculates, if the second selector determines that the immediately preceding encoded frame has been decoded by thesecond decoder, an internal state of the first decoder by applying a linear predictive inverse filter to a signal obtained by decoding the immediately preceding encoded frame to calculate a residual signal; and an initializer that initializes aninternal state of the first decoder by setting the residual signal calculated by the internal state calculator as a content of an adaptive codebook of the first decoder, wherein the immediately preceding encoded frame and the target encoded frame aregenerated from a first frame of the audio signal and a second frame immediately succeeding the first frame in the audio signal, respectively, linear predictive coefficients of the first frame are included in codes of the target encoded frame, theinternal state calculator utilizes the linear predictive coefficients for the linear predictive inverse filter, and the first decoder decodes the target encoded frame after initialization of an internal state by the initializer.
5. An audio signal processing system comprising: the encoding device according to claim 3; and the decoding device according to claim 4, wherein the decoding device decodes an encoded audio signal encoded by the encoding device.
6. A non-transitory storage medium which stores an audio signal encoding program for encoding an audio signal using a first encoder operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second encoder operating under a coding scheme which isdifferent from the linear predictive coding scheme, the audio signal encoding program causing a computer device to function as: the first encoder; the second encoder; a first selector that determines whether the first or second encoder is used toencode a target frame that is included in the audio signal and serves as an encoding target; a second selector that, if the first selector determines that the target frame is to be encoded by the first encoder, determines whether an immediatelypreceding frame that immediately precedes the target frame has been encoded by the first encoder or the second encoder; an internal state calculator that, if the second selector determines that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded by thesecond encoder, calculates an internal state of the first encoder by applying a linear predictive inverse filter to a signal obtained by decoding an encoded result of the immediately preceding frame to calculate a residual signal; and an initializerthat initializes an internal state of the first encoder by setting the residual signal calculated by the internal state calculator as a content of an adaptive codebook of the first encoder, wherein linear predictive coefficients of the immediatelypreceding frame are included in codes of the target frame, and the internal state calculator utilizes the linear predictive coefficients for the linear predictive inverse filter.
7. A non-transitory storage medium which stores an audio signal decoding program for decoding an encoded audio signal generated from an audio signal, using a first decoder operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second decoderoperating under a coding scheme which is different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the audio signal decoding program causing a computer device to function as: the first decoder; the second decoder; a first selector that determines whether thefirst or second decoder is used to decode a target encoded frame that is included in the encoded audio signal and serves as a decoding target; a second selector that, if the first selector determines that the target encoded frame is to be decoded by thefirst decoder, determines whether an immediately preceding encoded frame that immediately precedes the target encoded frame has been decoded by the first decoder or the second decoder; an internal state calculator that calculates, if the second selectordetermines that the immediately preceding encoded frame has been decoded by the second decoder, an internal state of the first decoder by applying a linear predictive inverse filter to a signal obtained by decoding the immediately preceding encoded frameto calculate a residual signal; and an initializer that initializes an internal state of the first decoder by setting the residual signal calculated by the internal state calculator as a content of an adaptive codebook of the first decoder, wherein theimmediately preceding encoded frame and the target encoded frame are generated from a first frame of the audio signal and a second frame immediately succeeding the first framed in the audio signal, respectively, linear predictive coefficients of thefirst frame are included in codes of the target encoded frame, and the internal state calculator utilizes the linear predictive coefficients for the linear predictive inverse filter.
The present invention relates to an audio signal encoding method, an audio signal decoding method, an encoding device, a decoding device, an audio signal processing system, an audio signal encoding program, and an audio signal decoding program.
A coding technique for compressing speech/music signals (audio signals) at low bit rates is important to reduce the costs incurred in communications, broadcasting, and storing of speech and music signals. In order to efficiently encode bothspeech signals and music signals, a hybrid-type coding scheme is effective in which a coding scheme suitable for speech signals and a coding scheme suitable for music signals are selectively utilized. The hybrid-type coding scheme performs codingefficiently by switching coding schemes in the process of coding an audio sequence, even when the characteristics of input signals vary temporally.
The hybrid-type coding scheme typically includes, as a component, the CELP coding scheme (CELP: Code Excited Linear Prediction Coding) suitable for coding speech signals. Generally, in order to encode a residual signal obtained throughapplication of a linear predictive inverse filter to an input signal, an encoder exercising the CELP scheme holds therein information about past residual signals in an adaptive codebook. Since the adaptive codebook is used for coding, a high codingefficiency is achieved.
A technique for coding speech signals and music signals is described, for example, in Patent Literature 1. In Patent Literature 1, a coding algorithm for coding both speech signals and music signals, etc. is described. The technique describedin Patent Literature 1 utilizes a Linear Predictive (LP) synthesis filter functioning commonly to encode speech signals and music signals. The LP synthesis filter switches between a speech excitation generator and a transform excitation generatoraccording to whether a speech signal or music signal is coded, respectively. For coding speech signals, the conventional CELP technique is used, and for coding music signals, a novel asymmetrical overlap-add transform technique is applied. Inperforming the common LP synthesis filtering, interpolation of the LP coefficients is conducted on a signal in overlap-add operation regions.
When switching takes place from a coding scheme other than the CELP coding scheme to a coding scheme exercising the CELP scheme in the process of coding an audio sequence, information on a residual signal corresponding to the speech comingbefore the switching is not held in an adaptive codebook in the encoder. Therefore, the coding efficiency degrades when coding a frame coming immediately after the switching of the coding scheme, resulting in a problem of degradation in the reproducedspeech quality. Conventional art is known such as Adaptive MultiRate Wideband plus (AMR-WB+, Non Patent Literature 1), which is a speech coding scheme standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), in which the internal state of anencoder exercising the CELP scheme is initialized, using an encoded result obtained under a coding scheme other than the CELP scheme. The AMR-WB+ encoder obtains a residual signal through the linear predictive inverse filtering on an input signal andthereafter encodes the residual signal selectively using two coding schemes, i.e., the CELP scheme and the Transform Coded Excitation (TCX) scheme. When switching from the TCX scheme to the CELP scheme, the AMR-WB+ encoder updates the adaptive codebookin the CELP scheme, using an excitation signal in the TCX scheme.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-44097 Non Patent Literature 3GPP TS 26.290 "Audio codec processing functions; Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate--Wideband (AMR-WB+) codec; Transcoding functions". [online].[retrieved on 5 Mar. 2009] Retrieved from the Internet: <URL:http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/26290.htm>
However, under a hybrid-type coding scheme in which a coding scheme based on the CELP scheme and a coding scheme not using linear predictive coding are selectively used, it is difficult to obtain an excitation signal from the coding processperformed under a coding scheme not using the linear predictive coding. Therefore, when switching from a coding scheme not using the linear predictive coding to a coding scheme based on the CELP scheme, it is difficult to initialize the adaptivecodebook in the CELP scheme with an excitation signal corresponding to the speech coming before the switching. An object of the present invention is to initialize, to an appropriate value, the internal state of a encoding unit or decoding unitexercising a coding scheme using the linear predictive coding to thereby improve the quality of a speech reproduced from a frame coming immediately after the switching, when switching from a coding scheme not using linear prediction to a coding schemeusing the linear predictive coding.
An audio signal encoding method of the present invention encodes an audio signal, which includes a plurality of frames, using a first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second encoding unit operating under acoding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme. The audio signal encoding method of the present invention comprises a step of switching from the second encoding unit to the first encoding unit when encoding a second frame immediatelysucceeding a first frame after the second encoding unit encodes the first frame. The method further comprises a step of initializing an internal state of the first encoding unit according to a predetermined method after the switching step is performed.
According to the audio signal encoding method of the present invention, even when the second frame is to be encoded under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the first frame has been encoded by a coding scheme different from the linearpredictive coding scheme, the second frame can be encoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit operating under the linear predictive coding scheme. Therefore, encoding processingperformed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
In the present invention, the internal state of the first encoding unit preferably comprises a content of an adaptive codebook or values held by delay elements of a linear predictive synthesis filter for determining a zero input response. Theinternal state of the first encoding unit is preferably initialized using the first frame. Specifically, the internal state of the first encoding unit is preferably initialized, using a residual signal obtained by applying the linear predictive inversefilter to either the first frame yet to be encoded by the second encoding unit or the first frame decoded back after encoded by the second encoding unit. The linear predictive inverse filter is preferably applied to either the first frame yet to beencoded by the second encoding unit or the first frame decoded back after encoded by the second encoding unit, using linear predictive coefficients used by the first encoding unit to encode a third frame preceding the first frame. Alternatively, whenlinear predictive coefficients of the first frame are included in codes of the second frame, the linear predictive inverse filter is preferably applied to either the first frame yet to be encoded by the second encoding unit or the first frame decodedback after encoded by the second encoding unit, using the linear predictive coefficients included in the codes of the second frame. In the present invention, the internal state of the first encoding unit may be initialized using the internal state hadby the first encoding unit when the first encoding unit encoded a frame preceding the first frame. As for the linear predictive coefficients in the linear predictive synthesis filter for determining a zero input response, when linear predictivecoefficients used when the first encoding unit encoded the third frame preceding the first frame or the linear predictive coefficients of the first frame are included in codes of the second frame, it is desirable to use the linear predictive coefficientsof the first frame calculated when the second frame is encoded or those obtained by applying an perceptual weighting filter to the calculated linear predictive coefficients.
An audio signal decoding method of the present invention decodes an encoded audio signal, which includes a plurality of frames, using a first decoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second decoding unit operatingunder a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme. The audio signal decoding method comprises a step of switching from the second decoding unit to the first decoding unit when decoding a second frame immediately succeeding a firstframe after the second decoding unit decodes the first frame. The method further comprises a step of initializing an internal state of the first decoding unit according to a predetermined method, after the switching step is performed.
According to the audio signal decoding method of the present invention, even when the second frame is to be decoded using a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the first frame is decoded by a coding scheme different from the linearpredictive coding scheme, the second frame can be decoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit operating under the linear predictive coding scheme. Therefore, decoding processingperformed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
In the present invention, the internal state of the first decoding unit preferably comprises a content of an adaptive codebook or values held by delay elements of a linear predictive synthesis filter. The internal state of the first decodingunit is preferably initialized using the first frame. Specifically, the internal state of the first decoding unit is preferably initialized, using a residual signal obtained by applying the linear predictive inverse filter to the first frame decoded bythe second decoding unit. The linear predictive inverse filter is preferably applied to the first frame decoded by the second decoding unit, using linear predictive coefficients used when the first decoding unit decoded a third frame preceding the firstframe. Alternatively, when linear predictive coefficients of the first frame are included in codes of the second frame, the linear predictive inverse filter is preferably applied to the first frame decoded by the second decoding unit, using the linearpredictive coefficients included in the codes of the second frame. In the present invention, the internal state of the first decoding unit may be initialized, using the internal state had by the first decoding unit when the first decoding unit decoded aframe preceding the first frame.
An encoding device of the present invention includes a first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second encoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme. Theencoding device encodes an audio signal, using the first encoding unit and the second encoding unit. The encoding device comprises a first encoding determination unit that determines whether the first or second encoding unit is used to encode anencoding target frame that is included in the audio signal. The encoding device of the present invention further comprises a second coding determination unit that determines, if the first coding determination unit determines that the encoding targetframe is to be encoded by the first encoding unit, whether a frame immediately preceding the encoding target frame has been encoded by the first encoding unit or the second encoding unit, and a coding internal state calculation unit that decodes, if thesecond coding determination unit determines that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded by the second encoding unit, an encoded result of the immediately preceding frame and calculates an internal state of the first encoding unit, using thedecoded result. The encoding device of the present invention further comprises a coding initialization unit that initializes an internal state of the first encoding unit, using the internal state calculated by the coding internal state calculation unit. The first encoding unit encodes the encoding target frame after the coding initialization unit initializes the internal state thereof.
According to the encoding device of the present invention, even when the encoding target frame is to be encoded by the first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the immediately preceding frame is encoded bythe second encoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the encoding target frame can be encoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit. Therefore, coding processing performed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
A decoding device of the present invention includes a first decoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second decoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme and decodesan encoded audio signal, using the first decoding unit and the second decoding unit. The decoding device comprises a first decoding determination unit that determines whether the first decoding unit or the second decoding unit is used to decode adecoding target frame that is included in the encoded audio signal. The decoding device also comprises a second decoding determination unit that determines, if the first decoding determination unit determines that the decoding target frame is to bedecoded by the first decoding unit, whether a frame immediately preceding the decoding target frame has been decoded by the first decoding unit or the second decoding unit. The decoding device further comprises a decoding internal state calculation unitthat calculates, if the second decoding determination unit determines that the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the second decoding unit, an internal state of the first decoding unit, using a decoded result of the immediately precedingframe, and a decoding initialization unit that initializes an internal state of the first decoding unit, using the internal state calculated by the decoding internal state calculation unit. The first decoding unit decodes the decoding target frame afterthe internal state thereof is initialized by the decoding initialization unit.
According to the decoding device of the present invention, even when the decoding target frame is to be decoded by the first decoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the immediately preceding frame is decoded bythe second decoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the decoding target frame can be decoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit. Therefore, decoding processing performed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
An audio signal processing system of the present invention includes the encoding device and the decoding device. The decoding device decodes an encoded audio signal encoded by the encoding device.
According to the audio signal processing system of the present invention, even when the encoding target frame is to be encoded by the first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the immediately preceding frameis encoded by the second encoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the encoding target frame can be encoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the firstencoding unit. Even when the decoding target frame is to be decoded using the first decoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the immediately preceding frame is decoded by the second decoding unit operating under a codingscheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the decoding target frame can be decoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit. Therefore, encoding processing and decodingprocessing performed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and another coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
A storage medium of the present invention stores an audio signal encoding program for encoding an audio signal, using a first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second encoding unit operating under a codingscheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme. The program causes a computer to determine whether the first encoding unit or the second encoding unit is used to encode an encoding target frame that is included in the audio signal. Theprogram also causes the computer to determine, if the encoding target frame is determined to be encoded by the first encoding unit, whether a frame immediately preceding the encoding target frame has been encoded by the first encoding unit or the secondencoding unit. If the immediately preceding frame is determined to have been encoded by the second encoding unit, the computer decodes a encoded result of the immediately preceding frame and calculates an internal state of the first encoding unit, usingthe decoded result. The program further causes the computer to initialize an internal state of the first encoding unit, using the internal state calculated by the coding internal state calculation unit, and encode the encoding target frame by the firstencoding unit after the internal state thereof is initialized.
According to the storage medium of the present invention which stores the audio signal encoding program, even when the encoding target frame is to be encoded by the first encoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereasthe immediately preceding frame is encoded by the second encoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the encoding target frame can be encoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializingthe internal state of the first encoding unit. Therefore, encoding processing performed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can berealized.
A storage medium of the present invention stores an audio signal decoding program for decoding an encoded audio signal, using a first decoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme and a second decoding unit operating under acoding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme. The program causes a computer to determine whether the first decoding unit or the second decoding unit is used to decode a decoding target frame that is included in the encoded audiosignal. If the decoding target frame is determined to be decoded by the first decoding unit, the computer determines whether a frame immediately preceding the decoding target frame has been decoded by the first decoding unit or the second decoding unit. If the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the second decoding unit, the computer calculates an internal state of the first decoding unit, using a decoded result of the immediately preceding frame, and initializes an internal state of thefirst decoding unit, using the internal state calculated by the decoding internal state calculation unit. The computer then decodes the decoding target frame by the first decoding unit after the internal state thereof is initialized.
According to the storage medium of the present invention which stores the audio signal decoding program, even when the decoding target frame is to be decoded using the first decoding unit operating under a linear predictive coding scheme,whereas the immediately preceding frame is decoded by the second decoding unit operating under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the decoding target frame can be decoded under the linear predictive coding scheme byinitializing the internal state of the first decoding unit. Therefore, decoding processing performed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding schemecan be realized.
According to the present invention, when switching from a coding scheme not using the linear prediction to a coding scheme using the linear predictive coding, the internal state of the encoding unit or the decoding unit exercising a codingscheme using the linear predictive encoding can be initialized to appropriate values, and the quality of a speech reproduced from the frame coming immediately after the switching can be improved.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an encoding device and a decoding device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the encoding device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart to describe an operation of the encoding device according to the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a decoding device according to the embodiment; and
FIG. 5 is a flowchart to describe an operation of the decoding device according to the embodiment.
A preferable embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are labeled with the same reference numerals, if possible, anddescriptions thereof are not repeated. An audio signal processing system according to an embodiment includes an encoding device 10 which encodes an input audio signal and a decoding device 20 which decodes an encoded audio signal encoded by the encodingdevice 10. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams showing a configuration of the encoding device 10 according to the embodiment. The encoding device 10 encodes an input speech/music signal (audio signal) and outputs the encoded signal. The speech/music signalis first divided into frames having a finite length and thereafter inputted to the encoding device 10. The encoding device 10 performs encoding using a first coding scheme when the speech/music signal is a speech signal, and performs encoding using asecond coding scheme when the speech/music signal is a music signal. The first coding scheme may be the CELP scheme such as ACELP based on linear predictive coding having an adaptive codebook. The second coding scheme is a coding scheme different fromthe first coding scheme and not utilizing the linear prediction. The second coding scheme may, for example, be a transform coding scheme such as AAC.
The encoding device 10 physically includes a computer device including a CPU 10a, a ROM 10b, a RAM 10c, a storage device 10d, a communication device 10e, and the like. The CPU 10a, the ROM 10b, the RAM 10c, the storage device 10d, and thecommunication device 10e are connected to a bus 10f. The CPU 10a centrally performs control of the encoding device 10 by executing a preset computer program (for example, an audio signal encoding program for executing the process shown in the flowchartof FIG. 3), which is stored in an internal memory such as the ROM 10b and loaded therefrom onto the RAM 10c. The storage device 10d is a writable and readable memory and stores a variety of computer programs, a variety of data required to executecomputer programs (for example, an adaptive codebook and linear predictive coefficients used for encoding under the first coding scheme, and in addition, various parameters required for encoding under the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme,and a predetermined number of pre-coded and coded frames). The storage device 10d stores at least a frame of speech/music signal coded most recently (a latest coded frame).
The encoding device 10 functionally includes a coding scheme switching unit 12 (first coding determination unit, second coding determination unit), a first encoding unit 13 (first encoding unit), a second encoding unit 14 (second encoding unit),a code multiplexing unit 15, an internal state calculation unit 16 (internal coding state calculation unit), and an internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 (coding initialization unit). The coding scheme switching unit 12, the firstencoding unit 13, the second encoding unit 14, the code multiplexing unit 15, the internal state calculation unit 16, and the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 are functions implemented by the CPU 10a executing the computer programsstored in an internal memory of the encoding device 10, such as the ROM 10b, to operate each component of the encoding device 10 shown in FIG. 1. The CPU 10a executes the process shown in the flowchart in FIG. 3 by executing an audio signal encodingprogram (using the coding scheme switching unit 12, the first encoding unit 13, the second encoding unit 14, the code multiplexing unit 15, the internal state calculation unit 16, and the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17).
Next, referring to FIG. 3, the operation of the encoding device 10 is described. A speech/music signal is first divided into frames having a finite length and then inputted to the communication device 10e of the encoding device 10. When aspeech/music signal is inputted through the communication device 10e, the coding scheme switching unit 12 determines, based on an encoding target frame (a frame that is a target of encoding) of the speech/music signal, whether the first coding scheme orthe second coding scheme is used to encode the encoding target frame and, based on the determination, sends the encoding target frame to either the first encoding unit 13, which exercises the first coding scheme to encode a speech/music signal, or thesecond encoding unit 14, which exercises the second coding scheme to encode a speech/music signal (step S11; a first switching step). In step S11, the coding scheme switching unit 12 determines that encoding is to be performed by the first coding schemeif the encoding target frame is a speech signal and that encoding is to be performed by the second coding scheme if the encoding target frame is a music signal. Then, after this first switching step, a first initialization step (steps S12 to S18) isperformed for initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 (which is hereinafter referred to as including the content of an adaptive codebook or values held by delay elements of a linear predictive synthesis filter which calculates azero input response, etc.)
If the coding scheme switching unit 12 determines in step S11 that the encoding target frame is a music signal and that the encoding target frame is to be encoded by the second coding scheme (step S11: SECOND ENCODING UNIT), the coding schemeswitching unit 12 sends the encoding target frame to the second encoding unit 14, and the second encoding unit 14 encodes the encoding target frame sent from the coding scheme switching unit 12, using the second coding scheme, and outputs the encodedtarget frame (encoded speech/music signal) through the communication device 10e (step S18). If the coding scheme switching unit 12 determines in step S11 that the encoding target frame is a speech signal and that the encoding target frame is to beencoded by the first coding scheme (step S11: FIRST ENCODING UNIT), the coding scheme switching unit 12 refers to the content of the storage device 10d and determines whether a frame immediately preceding the encoding target frame (the immediatelypreceding frame) has been encoded by the first encoding unit 13 or encoded by the second encoding unit 14 (step S12). The encoded results of a predetermined number of encoded frames (including the immediately preceding frame and frames preceding theencoding target frame) and frames yet to be encoded are all stored in the storage device 10d.
If the coding scheme switching unit 12 determines in step S12 that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded by the first encoding unit 13 (step S12; YES), the coding scheme switching unit 12 sends the encoding target frame to the firstencoding unit 13, and the first encoding unit 13 encodes the encoding target frame sent from the coding scheme switching unit 12, using the first coding scheme, and outputs the encoded result of the encoding target frame (encoded speech/music signal)through the communication device 10e (step S17). If the coding scheme switching unit 12 determines in step S12 that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded by the second encoding unit 14 (step S12; NO), the internal state calculation unit 16decodes the encoded result of the immediately preceding frame stored in the storage device 10d and obtains the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame (step S13). The decoded result used by the encoding device 10 is obtained by a decoder (notshown) included in the encoding device 10 or the decoding device 20 described later. This decoding operation may not be necessary if the immediately preceding frame yet to be encoded by the second encoding unit 14 is used, in place of the decoded resultobtained by decoding the encoded result of the immediately preceding frame. This immediately preceding frame yet to be encoded is stored in the storage device 10d.
After step S13, the internal state calculation unit 16 calculates the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 using the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame (step S14). As an exemplary process of calculating the internal statewith the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame, the process of calculating the internal state of the first encoding unit 13, which is performed by the internal state calculation unit 16, includes a process of calculating linear predictivecoefficients, using a method such as a covariance method, from the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame (or the immediately preceding frame yet to be encoded by the second encoding unit 14) and then obtaining a residual signal by applying alinear predictive inverse filter to the decoded result, using the calculated linear predictive coefficients.
Since the process of calculating linear predictive coefficients from the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame requires a large amount of calculation, instead of calculating the linear predictive coefficients from the decoded resultof the immediately preceding frame, the internal state calculation unit 16 may use the linear predictive coefficients (stored in the storage device 10d) of a frame neighboring the immediately preceding frame (a frame preceding the immediately precedingframe) which is encoded by the first coding scheme, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (the process of calculating the internal state of the first encoding unit 13), or may use values obtained byinterpolating those linear predictive coefficients between frames, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (the process of calculating the internal state of the first encoding unit 13). The internal statecalculation unit 16 may use values obtained by extrapolating the linear predictive coefficients of frames neighboring the immediately preceding frame which is encoded under the first coding scheme or values obtained by extrapolating values obtained byinterpolating the linear predictive coefficients between frames, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (the process of calculating the internal state of the first encoding unit 13). The internal statecalculation unit 16 may convert the linear predictive coefficients into linear spectral frequencies, extrapolate the linear spectral frequencies and reconvert the extrapolated result back into linear predictive coefficients. If the linear predictivecoefficients of the immediately preceding frame are included in the codes of the encoding target frame, the internal state calculation unit 16 may use the linear predictive coefficients included in the codes of the encoding target frame in place of thelinear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (the process of calculating the internal state of the first encoding unit 13). The internal state calculation unit 16 may use the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame as itis as a replacement for the residual signal, without calculating the linear predictive coefficients. The internal state of the first encoding unit 13 may be initialized by using the internal state (information indicating the internal state is stored inthe storage device 10d) obtained during the process of encoding a frame neighboring the immediately preceding frame (and preceding the immediately preceding frame) which is encoded under the first coding scheme. The process of applying the linearpredictive inverse filter to the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame may not be performed on the entire frame but may be performed on only a part of the frame.
After step S14, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 specifies, based on the encoding target frame or the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame, one of predetermined initialization methods including a method ofinitializing the internal state of the first encoding unit 13, using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 16, a method of initializing the internal state with "0", and the like (step S15). Then, the internal stateinitialization method specifying unit 17 initializes the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 by executing the initialization method specified in step S15 (step S16). Initialization of the internal state of the first encoding unit 13, which isperformed by the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17, is a process of initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 16 and may include aprocess of initializing the internal state (indicating values held by delay elements) of the linear predictive synthesis filter of the first encoding unit 13 for use in calculating the residual signal under the first coding scheme. When specifying amethod of initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit 13, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 may, for example, encode the encoding target frame using the first coding scheme according to each of a plurality ofinitialization methods including the above two initialization methods and select an initialization method minimizing square error or perceptual weighted error.
After the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 initializes the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 in step S16, the first encoding unit 13 encodes the encoding target frame under the first coding scheme and outputsthe encoded result of the encoding target frame (encoded speech/music signal) through the communication device 10e (step S17).
The above process may be so configured that the code multiplexing unit 15 multiplexes information of the initialization method selected by the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 in step S15, as supplemental information, intothe encoded result obtained under the first coding scheme. It may also be so configured to specify the initialization method of the internal state of the first encoding unit 13, based on information (described below) obtained in common between the firstencoding unit 13 and the second encoding unit 14, and the decoder (the decoder included in the encoding device 10 or the decoding device 20). In this case, the code multiplexing unit 15 does not multiplex the supplemental information indicating thespecified initialization method for initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 into the encoded result. For example, when the adaptive codebook gain of the encoding target frame under the first coding scheme is large, or when theperiodicity of the decoded result in the immediately preceding frame is high, or in the similar cases, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 can initialize the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 using the internal statecalculated by the internal state calculation unit 16.
Alternatively, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 may be dispensed with if the first encoding unit 13 always initializes the internal state thereof using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculationunit 16. Although the internal state calculation unit 16 and the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 are configured to perform the aforementioned process (the first initialization step) on the encoding target frame immediately afterthe coding scheme switching unit 12 switches from the second coding scheme to the first coding scheme (after the first switching step), it needs not be so limited if the internal state calculation unit 16 and the internal state initialization methodspecifying unit 17 perform the aforementioned process when the immediately preceding frame (immediately before the encoding target frame) is encoded immediately before the coding scheme switching unit 12 switches from the second coding scheme to thefirst coding scheme. Although it has been discussed that switching is performed between the two coding schemes, that is, the first coding scheme (the first encoding unit 13) and the second coding scheme (the second encoding unit 14), switching may beperformed among three or more coding schemes including a plurality of coding schemes different from the first coding scheme.
FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 are diagrams showing the configuration of the decoding device 20 according to one embodiment. The decoding device 20 physically includes a computer device including a CPU 20a, a ROM 20b, a RAM 20c, a storage device 20d, acommunication device 20e, and the like. The CPU 20a, the ROM 20b, the RAM 20c, the storage device 20d, and the communication device 20e are connected to a bus 20f. The CPU 20a centrally performs control of the decoding device 20 by executing a presetcomputer program (for example, an audio signal decoding program for executing the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5) which is stored in an internal memory, such as the ROM 20b and loaded onto the RAM 20c. The storage device 20d is a writable andreadable memory and stores a variety of computer programs, a variety of data required to execute computer programs (including, for example, an adaptive codebook and linear predictive coefficients used in decoding under the first coding scheme, and inaddition, various parameters required for performing decoding under the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme, a prescribed number of decoded frames and frames before decoding, and the like). The storage device 20d stores at least aspeech/music signal decoded most recently (a latest decoded frame).
The decoding device 20 functionally includes a coding scheme determination unit 22 (first decoding determination unit, second decoding determination unit), a code separation unit 23, a first decoding unit 24 (first decoding unit), a seconddecoding unit 25 (second decoding unit), an internal state initialization method specifying unit 26 (decoding initialization unit), and an internal state calculation unit 27 (decoding internal state calculation unit). The coding scheme determinationunit 22, the code separation unit 23, the first decoding unit 24, the second decoding unit 25, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26, and the internal state calculation unit 27 are functions implemented by the CPU 20a executing thecomputer program stored in an internal memory of the decoding device 20, such as the ROM 20b, to operate each component of the decoding device 20 shown in FIG. 1. The CPU 20a executes the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5 by executing the audiosignal decoding program (using the coding scheme determination unit 22, the code separation unit 23, the first decoding unit 24, the second decoding unit 25, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26, and the internal state calculationunit 27).
Next, referring to FIG. 5, the operation of the decoding device 20 is described. The coding scheme determination unit 22 determines whether the first coding scheme or the second coding scheme has been used to encode a decoding target frame ofan encoded speech/music signal inputted through the communication device 20e and, based on the determination result, sends the decoding target frame to either the first decoding unit 24 for applying decoding under the first coding scheme or the seconddecoding unit 25 for applying decoding under the second coding scheme (step S21; a second switching step). In step S21, the coding scheme determination unit 22 determines that decoding is to be performed by the first decoding unit 24 if the decodingtarget frame has been encoded under the first coding scheme and that decoding is to be performed by the second decoding unit 25 if the decoding target frame has been encoded under the second coding scheme. Then, after this second switching step, asecond initialization step (steps S22 to S27) is performed in which the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 (which is hereinafter referred to as including the content of an adaptive codebook or values held by delay elements of a linearpredictive synthesis filter, or the like) is initialized.
If the coding scheme determination unit 22 determines in step 21 that the decoding target frame has been encoded under the second coding scheme (that is, the decoding target frame is to be decoded by the second decoding unit 25) (step S21:SECOND DECODING UNIT), the coding scheme determination unit 22 sends the decoding target frame to the second decoding unit 25, and the second decoding unit 25 decodes the decoding target frame sent from the coding scheme determination unit 22 under thesecond coding scheme and outputs the decoded result of the decoding target frame (decoded speech/music signal) through the communication device 20e (step S27). If the coding scheme determination unit 22 determines in step S21 that the decoding targetframe has been encoded under the first coding scheme (that is, the decoding target frame is to be decoded by the first decoding unit 24) (step S21: FIRST DECODING UNIT), the coding scheme determination unit 22 refers to the content of the storage device20d and determines whether the frame immediately before the decoding target frame (the immediately preceding frame) has been encoded under the first coding scheme (that is, the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the first decoding unit 24)or encoded under the second coding scheme (that is, the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the second decoding unit 25) (step S22). The decoded results of a predetermined number of decoded frames (including the immediately preceding frameand frames preceding the decoding target frame) and frames yet to be decoded are all stored in the storage device 20d.
If the coding scheme determination unit 22 determines in step S22 that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded under the first coding scheme (that is, the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the first decoding unit 24) (stepS22; YES), the coding scheme determination unit 22 sends the decoding target frame to the first decoding unit 24, and the first decoding unit 24 decodes the decoding target frame sent form the coding scheme determination unit 22 under the first codingscheme and outputs the decoded result of the decoding target frame (decoded speech/music signal) through the communication device 20e (step S26).
If the coding scheme determination unit 22 determines in step S22 that the immediately preceding frame has been encoded under the second coding scheme (that is, the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the second decoding unit 25)(step S22; NO), the coding scheme determination unit 22 sends the immediately preceding frame to the code separation unit 23, and the code separation unit 23 separates the multiplexed codes of the immediately preceding frame into codes of the firstcoding scheme and supplemental information indicating the initialization method of the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 (for example, information indicating the initialization method of the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 whichis specified by the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17 and is used when the immediately preceding frame is encoded). Then, the internal state calculation unit 27 calculates the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 using thedecoded result of the immediately preceding frame (step S23). As an exemplary process of calculating the internal state from the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame, the process of calculating the internal state of the first decoding unit24, which is performed by the internal state calculation unit 27, includes a process of calculating linear predictive coefficients, using a method such as a covariance method, from the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame and thencalculating a residual signal by applying a linear predictive inverse filter to the decoded result, using the calculated linear predictive coefficients.
Since the process of calculating linear predictive coefficients from the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame requires a large amount of calculation, instead of calculating the linear predictive coefficients from the decoded resultof the immediately preceding frame, the internal state calculation unit 27 may use linear predictive coefficients (, which are the linear predictive coefficients used at the time of decoding by the first decoding unit 24 and are stored in the storagedevice 20d) of a frame neighboring the immediately preceding frame (and preceding the immediately preceding frame) which is encoded under the first coding scheme, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (theprocess of calculating the internal state of the first decoding unit 24), or may use values obtained by interpolating the linear predictive coefficients between frames, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process(the process of calculating the internal state of the first decoding unit 24). The internal state calculation unit 27 may use values obtained by extrapolating the linear predictive coefficients of a frame neighboring the immediately preceding framewhich is encoded under the first coding scheme or values obtained by extrapolating values obtained by interpolating the linear predictive coefficients between frames, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (theprocess of calculating the internal state of the first decoding unit 24). The internal state calculation unit 27 may convert the linear predictive coefficients into linear spectral frequencies, extrapolate the linear spectral frequencies and reconvertthe extrapolated result back into linear predictive coefficients. If the linear predictive coefficients of the immediately preceding frame are included in the codes of the decoding target frame, the internal state calculation unit 27 may use the linearpredictive coefficients included in the codes of the decoding target frame, in place of the linear predictive coefficients used in the aforementioned process (the process of calculating the internal state of the first decoding unit 24). Alternatively,calculation of the linear predictive coefficients may be dispensed with by omitting application of the linear predictive inverse filter. Furthermore, the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 may be initialized by using the internal state(information indicating the internal state is stored in the storage device 20d) obtained during the process of decoding a frame neighboring the immediately preceding frame (and preceding the immediately preceding frame) which is encoded under the firstcoding scheme. The process of applying the linear predictive inverse filter to the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame may not be performed on the entire frame but may be performed on only a part of the frame.
After step S23, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26 specifies, based on the supplemental information included in the multiplexed codes of the immediately preceding frame and indicating the initialization method of theinternal state of the first decoding unit 24, one of predetermined initialization methods including a method of initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit 24, using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 27,a method of initializing by "0", and the like (step S24). Then, the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26 initializes the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 according to the initialization method specified in step S24 (stepS25). The initialization of the internal state of the first decoding unit 24, which is performed by the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26, is a process of initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit 24, using theinternal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 27, and may include a process of initializing the internal state (the values held by the delay elements) of the linear predictive synthesis filter of the first decoding unit 24, whichcalculates an output signal from a residual signal under the first coding scheme.
After the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26 initializes the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 in step S25, the first decoding unit 24 decodes the decoding target frame in accordance with the first coding schemeand outputs the decoded result of the decoding target frame (decoded speech/music signal) through the communication device 20e (step S26).
If the supplemental information indicating an initialization method of initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 is not multiplexed into the codes of the immediately preceding frame, an initialization method of initializingthe internal state of the first decoding unit 24 may be specified, using a fixed codebook gain of the decoding target frame under the first coding scheme or the result of analyzing the periodicity of the decoded result in the immediately preceding frameor the like (using information obtained in common from the first decoding unit 24 and the second decoding unit 25, and the encoder (the encoder included in the decoding device 20 or the first encoding unit 13)). It may be so configured that the internalstate initialization method specifying unit 26 is dispensed with if the first decoding unit 24 always initializes the internal state thereof using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 27. In this case, it is not necessaryto use the supplemental information indicating the initialization method which is multiplexed into the codes of the immediately preceding frame. Although the operation of the internal state calculation unit 27 and the operation of the internal stateinitialization method specifying unit 26 are described above in relation to the case where the immediately preceding frame has been encoded under the second coding scheme and the decoding target frame has been encoded under the first coding scheme, it isnot so limited. If it is determined by look-ahead that the decoding target frame has been encoded under the second coding scheme and the frame immediately succeeding the decoding target frame has been encoded under the first coding scheme, the internalstate calculation unit 27 and the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26 may perform calculation of the internal state for the first decoding unit 24 and selection of the internal state initialization method, based on the look-aheadinformation. Although the configuration has been discussed in which switching is performed between two coding schemes, that is, the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme, it may be so configured that switching is performed among three or morecoding schemes including a plurality of coding schemes different from the first coding scheme.
Next, the operation and effect of the encoding device 10 according to the embodiment will be described. The encoding device 10 includes the first encoding unit 13 functioning under a linear predictive coding scheme and the second encoding unit14 functioning under another coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme and encodes an audio signal using the first encoding unit 13 and the second encoding unit 14. The encoding device 10 further includes the coding schemeswitching unit 12, the internal state calculation unit 16, and the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17. The coding scheme switching unit 12 determines whether the first encoding unit 13 or the second encoding unit 14 should be usedto encode an encoding target frame that is a target frame to be encoded included in the audio signal. If it is determined that the encoding target frame is to be encoded by the first encoding unit 13, the coding scheme switching unit 12 determineswhether the frame immediately preceding the encoding target frame has been encoded by the first encoding unit 13 or the second encoding unit 14. If it is determined by the coding scheme switching unit 12 that the immediately preceding frame has beenencoded by the second encoding unit 14, the internal state calculation unit 16 decodes the encoded result of the immediately preceding frame and calculates the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 using the decoded result. The internal stateinitialization method specifying unit 17 initializes the internal state of the first encoding unit 13 using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 16. Then, the first encoding unit 13 encodes the encoding target frame afterthe internal state is initialized by the internal state initialization method specifying unit 17.
In the encoding device 10, even when the encoding target frame is to be encoded by the first encoding unit 13 under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the immediately preceding frame has been encoded by the second encoding unit 14 undera coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the encoding target frame can be encoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first encoding unit 13. Therefore, encoding processingperformed under a plurality of encoding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and another coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
Next, the operation and effect of the decoding device 20 according to the embodiment will be described. The decoding device 20 includes the first decoding unit 24 functioning under a linear predictive coding scheme and the second decoding unit25 functioning under another coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme and decodes an encoded audio signal, using the first decoding unit 24 and the second decoding unit 25. The decoding device 20 further includes the codingscheme determination unit 22, the internal state calculation unit 27, and the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26. The coding scheme determination unit 22 determines whether the first decoding unit 24 or the second decoding unit 25should be used to decode a decoding target frame that is a target frame to be decoded included in an encoded audio signal. If it is determined by the coding scheme determination unit 22 that the decoding target frame is to be decoded by the firstdecoding unit 24, the coding scheme determination unit 22 determines whether a frame immediately preceding the decoding target frame has been decoded by the first decoding unit 24 or decoded by the second decoding unit 25. If it is determined by thecoding scheme determination unit 22 that the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the second decoding unit 25, the internal state of the first decoding unit 24 is calculated using the decoded result of the immediately preceding frame. Theinternal state of the first decoding unit 24 is initialized using the internal state calculated by the internal state calculation unit 27. Then, the first decoding unit 24 decodes the decoding target frame after the internal state is initializedaccording to the internal state initialization method specifying unit 26.
In the decoding device 20, even when the decoding target frame is to be decoded with the first decoding unit 24 under a linear predictive coding scheme, whereas the immediately preceding frame has been decoded by the second decoding unit 25under a coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme, the decoding target frame can be decoded under the linear predictive coding scheme by initializing the internal state of the first decoding unit 24. Therefore, decoding processingperformed under a plurality of coding schemes including the linear predictive coding scheme and another coding scheme different from the linear predictive coding scheme can be realized.
When switching from a coding scheme not using linear prediction to a coding scheme using linear predictive coding, the internal state of encoding unit or decoding unit operating under the coding scheme using linear predictive coding is set to anappropriate initial value, whereby the quality of a speech reproduced form a frame coming immediately after the switching can be improved.
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