Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2007084640A2/en
Timestamp: 2019-05-19 22:56:55
Document Index: 582517031

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60']

WO2007084640A2 - Shifting spectral content in solid state light emitters by spatially separating lumiphor films - Google Patents
WO2007084640A2
WO2007084640A2 PCT/US2007/001382 US2007001382W WO2007084640A2 WO 2007084640 A2 WO2007084640 A2 WO 2007084640A2 US 2007001382 W US2007001382 W US 2007001382W WO 2007084640 A2 WO2007084640 A2 WO 2007084640A2
PCT/US2007/001382
WO2007084640A3 (en
2007-01-19 Application filed by Cree Led Lighting Solutions, Inc. filed Critical Cree Led Lighting Solutions, Inc.
2007-07-26 Publication of WO2007084640A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007084640A2/en
2008-02-21 Publication of WO2007084640A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007084640A3/en
This application, claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/760,455, filed January 20, 2006, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
' . This application, claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/761,310, filed January 23, 2006, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
■ This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/794,379, filed April 24, 2006, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to a lighting device, in particular, a device which includes one or more solid state light emitters (e.g., light emitting diodes) and at least two lumiphor elements, each lumiphor element containing at least one luminescent material (e.g., one or more phosphors). The present invention is also directed to lighting methods, and to . methods of making lighting devices.
A large proportion (some estimates are as high as twenty- five percent) of the electricity generated in the United States each year goes to lighting. Accordingly, there is an ongoing need to provide lighting which is more energy-efficient. It is well-known that incandescent light bulbs are very energy-inefficient light sources — about ninety percent of the electricity they consume is released as heat rather than light. Fluorescent light bulbs are more efficient than incandescent light bulbs (by a factor of about 10) but are still less efficient as compared to solid state light emitting devices, e.g., light emitting diodes.
In addition, as compared to the normal lifetimes of light emitting diodes, incandescent light bulbs have relatively short lifetimes, i.e., typically about 750-1000 hours. In comparison, the lifetime of light emitting diodes, for example, can generally be measured in decades. Fluorescent bulbs have longer lifetimes (e.g., 10,000 - 20,000 hours) than incandescent lights, but provide less favorable color reproduction. Color reproduction is typically measured using the Color Rendering Index (CRI Ra) which is a relative measure of the shift in surface color of an object when lit by a particular lamp. .Daylight has the highest CRI (Ra of 100), with incandescent bulbs being relatively, close (Ra greater than 95), and fluorescent lighting being less accurate (typical Ra of 70-80). Certain types of specialized lighting have very low CRI (e.g., mercury vapor or sodium lamps have Ra as low as about 40 or even lower): ■ j
Another issue faced by conventional light fixtures is the need to periodically replace the lighting devices (e.g., light bulbs, etc.). Such issues are particularly pronounced where access is difficult (e.g., vaulted ceilings, bridges, high buildings, traffic tunnels) and/or where change-out costs are extremely high. The typical lifetime, of conventional fixtures is about 20 years, corresponding to a light-producing device usage of jat least about 44,000 hours (based on usage of 6 hours per day for 20 years). Light-producing device lifetime is typically much shorter, thus creating the need for periodic change-outs.
Accordingly, for these and other reasons, efforts have been ongoing to develop ways by which solid state light emitters, e.g., light emitting diodes, can be used in place of incandescent lights, fluorescent lights and other light-generating devices in a wide variety of applications. In addition, where light emitting diodes (or other solid state light emitters) are already being used, efforts are ongoing to provide light emitting diodes (or other solid state light emitters) which are improved, e.g., with respect to energy efficiency, color rendering index (CRIRa)7 contrast, efficacy (lm/W), and/or duration of service.
More specifically, light emitting diodes are semiconducting devices that emit light (ultraviolet, visible, or infrared) when a potential differenbe is applied across a p-n junction structure. There are a number of well-known ways to make light emitting diodes and many associated structures, and the present invention can employ any such devices. By way of example, Chapters 12-14 of Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, (2d Ed, 1981) and Chapter 7 of Sze, Modern Semiconductor Device Physics (1998) describe a variety of photonic devices, including light emitting diodes.
The expression "light emitting diode" is used herein to refer to the basic semiconductor diode structure (i.e., the chip). The commonly recognized and commercially available "LED" that is sold (for example) in electronics stores typically represents a "packaged" device made up of a number of parts. These packaged devices typically include a semiconductor-based light emitting diode such as (but not limited to) those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,918,487; 5,631,190; and 5,912,477; various wφre connections, and a package that encapsulates the light emitting diode. ;
Although the development of solid state light emitters has in many ways revolutionized the lighting industry, some of the characteristics of solid state light emitters have presented challenges, some of which have not yet be.en fully met. For example, the emission spectrum of any particular light emitting diode is typically concentrated around a single wavelength (as dictated by the light emitting diode's composition and structure), which is desirable for some applications, but not desirable for others, (e.g., for providing lighting, such an emission spectrum provides a very low CRJ). i
Because light that is perceived as white is necessarily a blend of light of two or more colors (or wavelengths), no single light emitting diode junction has been developed that can produce white light. "White" light emitting diodes have been produced which have a light emitting diode pixel formed of respective red, green and blue light emitting diodes. Other "white" light emitting diodes have been produced which include (1) a light emitting diode which generates blue light and (2) a luminescent material,(e.g., a phosphor) that emits yellow light in response to excitation by light emitted by the light emitting diode, whereby the blue light and the yellow light, when mixed, produce light that is perceived as white light.
In addition, the blending of primary colors to produce combinations of non-primary colors is generally well understood in this and other arts. In general, the 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram (an international standard for primary colors established in 1931), and the 1976 CIE Chromaticity Diagram (similar to the 1931 Diagram but modified such that . similar distances on the Diagram represent similar perceived differences in color) provide useful reference for defining colors as weighted sums of primary colors.
Solid state light emitters can thus be used individually or in any combinations, optionally together with one or more luminescent material (e.g., phosphors or scintillators) and/or filters, to generate light of any desired perceived color (including white). Accordingly, the areas in which efforts are being made to replace existing light sources with solid state light emitters, e.g., to improve energy' efficiency, color rendering index (CRI), efficacy (lm/W), and/or duration of service, are not limited to any particular color or color blends of light.
For example, U.S. Patent No. 6,963,166 (Yano '166) discloses that a conventional light emitting diode lamp includes a light emitting diode chip, a bullet-shaped transparent housing to cover the light emitting diode chip, leads to supply current to the light emitting diode chip, and a cup reflector for reflecting the emission of the light emitting diode chip in a uniform direction, in which the light emitting diode chip is encapsulated with a first resin portion, which is further encapsulated with a second resin portion. According to Yano '166, the first resin portion is obtained by filling the cup reflector with a resin material and curing it after the light emitting diode chip has been mounted onto the bottom of the cup reflector and then has had its cathode and anode electrodes electrically connected to the leads by way of wires. According to Yano ' 166, a phosphor is dispersed in the first resin portion so as to be excited with the light A that has been emitted from the light emitting diode chip, the excited phosphor produces fluorescence ("light B") that has a longer wavelength than the light A, a portion of the light A is transmitted through the first resin portion including the phosphor, and as a result, light C, as a mixture of the light A and light B; is used as illumination.
As noted above, "white LED lights" (i.e., lights which are perceived as being white or near-white) have been investigated as potential replacements for white incandescent lamps. A representative example of a white LED lamp includes a package of a blue light emitting . diode chip, made of gallium nitride (GaN), coated with a phosphor such as YAG. In such an LED lamp, the blue light emitting diode chip produces an emission with a wavelength of about 450 nm, and the phosphor produces yellow fluorescence with a peak wavelength of about 550 nm on receiving that emission. For instance, in some designs, white light emitting diodes are fabricated by forming a ceramic phosphor layer on the output surface of a blue light-emitting semiconductor light emitting diode. Part of the blue ray emitted from the light emitting diode chip passes through the phosphor, while part of the blue ray emitted from the light emitting diode chip is absorbed by the phosphor, which becomes excited and emits a yellow ray. The part of the blue light emitted by the light emitting diode which is transmitted through the phosphor is mixed with the yellow light emitted by the phosphor. The viewer perceives the mixture of blue and yellow light as white light.
There is an ongoing need for ways to use solid state light emitters in a wider variety of application's, with greater energy efficiency, with improved color rendering index (CRI), with improved efficacy (lm/W), and/or with longer duration of service. . Brief Summary of the Invention
Ih one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lighting device, comprising: at least one solid state light emitter; at least one first lumiphor; and at least one second lumiphor, the second lumiphor being spaced from the first lumiphor. '
In some embodiments of this aspect of the present invention, a mixture of (1) light emitted by the at least one solid state light emitter and which exits from the at least one first lumiphor without being converted, and (2) light emitted by the at least one solid state light emitter which exits from the at least one first lumiphor after being converted by the at least one first lumiphor (i.e., by being absorbed by the at least one first lumiphor, thereby exciting the at least one first lumiphor, and then being "re-emitted" by the at least one first lumiphor) has x, y color coordinates which are within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, and the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.45, 0.35, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.35, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.12, 0.22, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.20, 0.075. hi some embodiments of this aspect of the present invention, the solid state light emitter is a light emitting diode which emits light having a wavelength within the ultraviolet range or within the visible range up to a wavelength of 525 mm.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is' provided a method of making a lighting device, comprising: positioning at least one second lumiphor outside of at least one first lumiphor relative to at least one solid state light emitter, the second lumiphor being spaced from the first lumiphor. '
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of lighting, comprising: providing electricity to at least one solid state light emitter, the solid state light emitter being positioned within at least one first lumiphor, the at least one first lumiphor being spaced from at least one second lumiphor, the first lumiphor being positioned at least partially between the light emitting diode and the second lumiphor.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is 'provided a method of lighting, comprising: , providing electricity to at least one solid state light emitter, whereby the solid state light emitter emits light which passes from the solid state light emitter, through the first lumiphor, and then through the second lumiphor, the first lumiphor being spaced from the second lumiphor. ,
There exist "white" LED light sources which are relatively efficient but have a poor color rendering (e.g., Ra less then 75), and which are particularity deficient in the rendering of red colors and also to a significant extent deficient in green. This means that many things, including the typical human complexion, food items, labeling, painting, posters, signs, apparel, home decoration, plants, flowers, automobiles, etc. exhibit odd or wrong color as compared to being illuminated with an incandescent light or natural daylight. Typically, such white LEDs have a color temperature of approximately 5Q00K, which is generally not visually comfortable for general illumination, which, however, maybe desirable for the illumination of commercial produce or advertising and printed materials.
Some so-called "warm white" LEDs have a more acceptable color temperature (typically 2700 to 3500K) for indoor use, and good CRI (in the case of a yellow and red phosphor mix as high as Ra=95), but their efficiency is much less then half that of the standard "white" LEDs. >
Ih the 1931 Diagram, deviation from a point on the Diagram can be expressed either in terms of the coordinates or, alternatively, in order to give an indication as to the extent of the perceived difference in color, in terms of MacAdam ellipses. For example, a locus of points defined as being ten MacAdam ellipses from a specified hue defined by a particular set of coordinates on the 1931 Diagram consists of hues which would each be perceived as differing from the specified hue to a common extent (and likewise for loci of points defined as being spaced from a particular hue by other quantities of MacAdam ellipses).
Since similar distances on the 1976 Diagram represent similar perceived differences in color, deviation from a point on the 1976 Diagram can be expressed in terms of the coordinates, u' and v', e.g., distance from the point = (Δu'2 + Δv'2)'/2, and the hues defined by a locus of points which are each a common distance from a specified hue consist of hues which would each be perceived as differing from the specified hue to a common extent.
The chromaticity coordinates and the CIE chromaticity diagrams illustrated in Figs. 1- 3 are explained in detail in a number of books and other publications, such as pages 98-107 of K. H. Butler, "Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors" (The Pennsylvania State University Press 1980) and pages 109-110 of G. Blasse et al., "Luminescent Materials" (Springer- Verlag 1994), both incorporated herein by reference.
The chromaticity coordinates (i.e., color points) that lie along the blackbody locus obey Planck's equation: E(λ)=A λ'5/(e(B/T)-l), where E is the emission intensity, λ is the emission wavelength, T the color temperature of the blackbody and A and B are constants. Color coordinates that lie on or near the blackbody locus yield pleasing white light to a human observer. The 1976 CIE Diagram includes temperature listings along the blackbody locus. These temperature listings show the color path of a blackbody radiator that is caused to increase to such temperatures. As a heated object becomes incandescent, it first glows reddish, then yellowish, then white, and finally blueish. This occurs because the wavelength associated with the peak radiation of the blackbody radiator becomes progressively shorter with increased temperature, consistent with the Wien Displacement Law. Illuininants which produce light which is on or near the blackbody locus can1 thus be described in terms of their color temperature.
As discussed above, in one aspect, the present invention provides a lighting device comprising at least one solid state light emitter, at least one first lumiphor and at least one second lumiphor, the second lumiphor being spaced from the first lumiphor. The expression "lumiphor", as used herein, refers to any luminescent element, i.e., any element which includes a luminescent material, a variety of which are readily available and well-known to those skilled in the art.
(2) light emitted by the at least one solid state light emitter which exits from the at least one first lumiphor after being converted by the at least one first lumiphor (i.e., by being absorbed by the at least one first lumiphor, thereby exciting the at least one first lumiphor, and then being "re-emitted" by the at least one first lumiphor),
The one or more first lumiphors and the one or more second lumiphors can
1 individually be any lumiphor, a wide variety of which, as noted above, are known to those skilled in the art. For example, each of the at least one first lumiphor and the at least one second lumiphor can individually comprise (or can consist essentially of, or can consist of) a phosphor. Each of the at least one lumiphor can, if desired, further comprise (or consist essentially of, or consist of) one or more highly transmissive (e.g., transparent or substantially transparent, or somewhat diffuse) binder, e.g., made of epoxy, silicone, glass or any other suitable material (for example, in any given lumiphor comprising one or more binder, one or more phosphor can be dispersed within the one or more binder). For example, the thicker the lumiphor, in general, the lower the weight percentage of the phosphor can be. Depending on the overall thickness of the lumiphor, the weight percentage of the phosphor could be generally any value, e.g., from 0.1 weight percent to 100 weight percent (e.g., a lumiphor formed by subjecting pure phosphor to a hot isostatic pressing procedure).
In this first embodiment, the light emitting diode 11 is mounted within the first lumiphor 12, which in turn is positioned within the first reflective element 13. For example, the first lumiphor 12 can be obtained by filling a cup reflector 13 with a resin material and curing it after the light emitting diode chip 11 has been mounted onto the bottom of the cup reflector 13 and then has had its cathode and anode electrodes electrically connected to the leads by way of wires (a phosphor having been dispersed in the resin material so as to be excited with light emitted from the light emitting diode chip 11) whereby, (i.e., in the orientation depicted in Fig, 4), the light emitting diode 11 and the first lumiphor 12 are "within" the first reflective element in the sense that they are located between respective interior surfaces of the first reflective element 13.
In this first embodiment, the light emitting diode 11, the first lumiphor 12 and the first reflective element 13 are all positioned within the transparent element 14. The light emitting diode 11, the first lumiphor 12, the first reflective element 13 and the transparent element 14 together are similar to analogous conventional LED packages, and can, if desired, consist of a conventional LED package, e.g., a commercially available cool light 5mm LED package marketed by Nichia under the name "NSPW500 CS".
In the embodiment depicted in Fig. 4, there is further provided a second lumiphor 15. In this embodiment, only a portion of the external surface of the transparent element 14 is covered by the second lumiphor 15, so that reflected and/or backscattered light can easily exit the lighting device. In general, any desired portion of the external surface of the transparent element 14 can be covered by the second lumiphor 15 - in the embodiment depicted in Fig. 4, the second lumiphor 15 does not cover the entire surface of the LED package, and instead is coated only down to approximately a location adjacent to the first reflective element 13 (i.e., in the orientation depicted in Fig. 4, the entirety of the external surface of the transparent element 14 which is located above an imaginary plane 16 (which imaginary plane is coplanar with the peripheral top surface of the first reflective element 13), is completely covered by the second lumiphor 15, and the remainder of the outer surface of the transparent element 14 is not covered by the second lumiphor 15 (such an arrangement covers slightly more of the transparent element 14 than would be necessary to cover all of the surface area of the transparent element 14 on which light from the light emitting diode chip 11 would impinge). According to the present invention, however, if desired the second lumiphor (or lumiphors) can instead surround (independently in contact or spaced from) any portion or all of the exterior surfaces of the transparent element).
The embodiment depicted in Fig. 4 can be achieved, e.g., by using YAG to convert a blue LED chip to cool white, and covering the exterior surface of the package with a lumiphor containing any desired luminescent material, such as one or more phosphor (such as YAG, or any other phosphor, such as green, red, etc., which opens up the resultant color spectrum). i
The one or more second lumiphor can be provided in any suitable manner, e.g., by coating (e.g., by dipping, painting, spraying, electrostatically applying, etc.) on a transparent element (if provided), or by casting or molding (e.g., liquid molding, injection molding, transfer molding, etc.). :
Light exiting the lighting device depicted in Fig. 4' is in a spectrum within the range of x=0.35 to 0.40 and y=0.40 to 0.48 (which is, for many people and/or situations, more pleasant), and the efficacy of the LED fixture (i.e., relative to a device which is similar but • does not include the second lumiphor 15) is maintained, or actually improved.
Fig. 5 depicts a second embodiment of a lighting device according to the present invention. Referring to Fig. 5, there is shown a lighting device 20 which comprises a light emitting diode 11, a first lumiphor 12, a first reflective element 13, a transparent element 14 and a second lumiphor 15 as in the first embodiment, and which comprises a second reflective element 21 below (in the orientation shown in the illustration) the light emitting diode package .
In such devices, the light emitting diode excites the luminescent material contained in the first lumiphor to generate light (e.g., a cool white light of about 5600 K), and this light then impinges on the second lumiphor. Some of the cool light reflects back off the second lumiphor and is back-reflected out of the package (as noted above, the size of the light emitting diode is preferably much smaller relative to the size of the second lumiphor, so very little light is absorbed in the light emitting diode chip as a result of the back-reflection). For example, according to the present invention, a yellowish light can be achieved which provides about 60 lumens per watt, whereas other conventional yellowish light designs have such high backscattering into the chip that they provide only about 14 lumens per watt - the key is that according to some of the embodiments of the present invention, a large portion of any non- converted light is captured as a result of it exiting the package onto a reflective surface.
The luminescent material (or materials) can be any desired luminescent material. As noted above, persons skilled in the art are familiar with, and have ready access to, a wide variety of luminescent materials. The one or more luminescent materials can be down- converting or up-converting, or can include a combination of both types. For example, the first lumiphor can comprise one or more down-converting luminescent materials.
The sources of visible light in the lighting devices of the present invention can be arranged, mounted and supplied with electricity in any desired manner, and can be mounted on any desired housing or fixture. Skilled artisans are familiar with a wide variety of arrangements, mounting schemes, power supplying apparatuses, housings and fixtures, and any such arrangements, schemes, apparatuses, housings and fixtures can be employed nu connection with the present invention. The lighting devices of the present invention can be electrically connected (or selectively connected) to any desired power source, persons of skill in the art being familiar with a variety of such power sources.
(1) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/753,138, filed on December 22, 2005, entitled "Lighting Device" (inventor: Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_003 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(2) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/794,379, filed on April 24, 2006, entitled "Shifting Spectral Content in LEDs by Spatially Separating Lumiphor Films" (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven; attorney docket number 931_006 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; (3) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/808,702, filed on May 26, 2006, entitled "Lighting Device" (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven; attorney docket- number 931_009 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
931_011 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(6) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/839,453, filed on August 23, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD" (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_034 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; ϊ
(7) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/857,305, filed on November 7, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD" (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven ■ and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_027 PRO, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(8) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/851,230, filed on October 12, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME" (inventor: Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_041 PRO, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and :
(9) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/839,453, filed on August 23, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD" (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley attorney docket number 931_034 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(1) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/752,753, filed .on December 21, 2005, entitled "Lighting Device" (inventors: Gerald H. Negley, Antony Paul van de Ven and Neal Hunter; attorney docket no. 931_002 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(2) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/798,446, filed on May 5, 2006, entitled "Lighting Device" (inventor: Antony Paul van de Ven; attorney docket no. 931_008 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; :
(3) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/845,429, filed on September 18, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICES, LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES, FIXTURES AND METHODS OF USING SAME" (inventor: Antony Paul van de Ven; attorney docket no. 931_019 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; •
(4) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/846,222, filed on September 21, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES, METHODS OF INSTALLING SAME, AND METHODS OF REPLACING LIGHTS" (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket no. 931_021 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(5) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/809,618, filed, on May 31, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF LIGHTING" (inventors: Gerald H. Negley, Antony Paul van de Ven and Thomas G. Coleman; attorney docket no. 931_017 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and (6) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/858,558, filed on November 13, 2006, entitled . • "LIGHTING DEVICE, ILLUMINATED ENCLOSURE AND LIGHTING METHODS" (inventor: Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket no. 931_026 PRO), the entirety of which is • hereby incorporated by reference.
For example, fixtures, other mounting structures and complete lighting assemblies which may be used in practicing the present invention are. described in:
(1) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/752,753, filed on December 21, 2005, entitled "Lighting Device" (inventors: Gerald H. Negley, Antony Paul van de Ven and Neal Hunter; attorney docket number 931_002 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(2) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/798,446; filed on May 5, 2006, entitled "Lighting Device" (inventor: Antony Paul van de Ven; attorney docket number 931_008 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(3) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/845,429, filed on September 18, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICES, LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES, FIXTURES AND METHODS OF USING SAME" (inventor: Antony Paul van de Ven; attorney docket number 931_019 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; '•
(4) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/846,222, filed on September 21, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES, METHODS OF INSTALLING SAME, AND METHODS OF REPLACING LIGHTS" (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_021 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(5) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/809,618, filed on May 31, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF LIGHTING" (inventors: Gerald H. Negley, Antony Paul van de Ven and Thomas G. Coleman; attorney docket number 931_0.17 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; (6) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/858,881, filed on November 14, 2006, entitled "LIGHT ENGINE ASSEMBLIES" (inventors: Paul Kenneth Pickard and Gary David Trott; attorney docket number 931_036 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; ' ',
(7) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/859,013, filed on November 14, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES AND COMPONENTS FOR LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES" (inventors: Gary David Trott and Paul Kenneth Pickard; attorney docket number 931__037 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and
(8) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/853,589, filed on October 23, 2006, entitled "LIGHTING DEVICES AND METHODS OF INSTALLING LIGHT ENGINE HOUSINGS AND/OR TRIM ELEMENTS IN LIGHTING DEVICE HOUSINGS" (inventors: Gary David Trott and Paul Kenneth Pickard; attorney docket number 931_038 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Ih addition, any desired circuitry can be employed in order to supply energy to the lighting devices according to the present invention. Representative examples of circuitry which may be used in practicing the present invention is described in:
(1) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/809,959, filed on June 1, 2006, entitled "Lighting Device With Cooling" (inventors: Thomas G. Coleman, Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven attorney docket number 931_007 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(2) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/809,595, filed on May 31 , 2006, entitled "LIGHTINGDEVICE AND METHOD OF LIGHTING"' (inventor: Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_018 PRO)3 the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and
(3) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/844,325, filed on September 13, 2006, entitled "BOOST/FLYBACK POWER SUPPLY TOPOLOGY WITH LOW SIDE MOSFET CURRENT CONTROL" (inventor: Peter Jay Myers; attorney docket number 931_020 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The devices according to the present invention can further comprise one or more long- life cooling device (e.g., a fan with an extremely high lifetime). Such long-life cooling device(s) can comprise piezoelectric or magnetorestrictive materials (e.g., MR5 GMR, and/or HMR materials) that move air as a "Chinese fan". In cooling the devices according to the present invention, typically only enough air to break the boundary layer is required to induce temperature drops of 10 to 15 degrees C. Hence, in such cases, strong 'breezes" or a large fluid flow rate (large CFM) are typically not required (thereby avoiding the need for conventional fans).
1. A lighting device, comprising: at least one solid state light emitter; at least one first lumiphor; and at least one second lumiphor, said second lumiphor being spaced from said first lumiphor. i
5. A lighting device as recited in claim 1, further comprising a first reflective element, said solid state light emitter and said first lumiphor being positioned within said first reflective element. :
6. A lighting device as" recited in claim 1 , further comprising at least one packaging element, said packaging element completely surrounding said at least one solid state light emitter and said at least one first lumiphor. . '
10. A lighting device as recited in claim 1, wherein a surface area of said second lumiphor is-at least twice a surface area of said first lumiphor.
13. A lighting device as recited in claim 1, wherein said second lumiphor comprises at least one luminescent material. ■ '
16. A lighting device as recited in claim 14, wherein said binder is selected from among the group consisting of epoxies, silicones and glasses. i
18. A method of making a lighting device, comprising: positioning at least one second lumiphor outside of at least one first lumiphor relative to at least one solid state light emitter, said second lumiphor being spaced from said first lumiphor. :
PCT/US2007/001382 2006-01-20 2007-01-19 Shifting spectral content in solid state light emitters by spatially separating lumiphor films WO2007084640A2 (en)
JP2008551400A JP2009524247A (en) 2006-01-20 2007-01-19 Shifting the spectral content of the solid-state light-emitting element by spatially separating the lumiphor membrane
EP07718356A EP2002488A4 (en) 2006-01-20 2007-01-19 Shifting spectral content in solid state light emitters by spatially separating lumiphor films
WO2007084640A2 true WO2007084640A2 (en) 2007-07-26
WO2007084640A3 WO2007084640A3 (en) 2008-02-21
WO2009018558A3 (en) * 2007-08-02 2009-05-07 George R Brandes Optoelectronic device with upconverting luminophoric medium
NL1036591C2 (en) * 2008-02-26 2011-05-12 Ledon Lighting Jennersdorf Gmbh Led module with application-specific colour setting.
BLASSE ET AL.: "Luminescent Materials", 1994, SPRINGER-VERLAG, pages: 109 - 110
See also references of EP2002488A4
JP2010535421A (en) * 2007-08-02 2010-11-18 クリー インコーポレイテッドＣｒｅｅ Ｉｎｃ． Optoelectronic device having an up-conversion luminescent medium
KR101521312B1 (en) * 2007-08-02 2015-05-18 크리 인코포레이티드 Optoelectronic Device with Upconverting Luminophoric Medium
WO2013127652A1 (en) 2012-02-27 2013-09-06 Osram Gmbh Light source with led chip and luminophore layer
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