Source: http://www.google.de/patents/US4628435
Timestamp: 2013-05-23 20:08:36
Document Index: 83279779

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 11', 'arts 12', 'art 506', 'art 509', 'art 509', 'art 507', 'art 509', 'art 509']

Patent US4628435 - Facilities control method - Google PatenteSuche Bilder Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive Mehr » Erweiterte Patentsuche | Webprotokoll | Anmelden Erweiterte Patentsuche PatenteA multi-facility control system includes a controller and attendant memory. Stored in the memory are a plurality of rules, each of which includes a conditional portion representative of a condition to be examined and a conclusive portion describing action to be taken when the condition is satisfied....http://www.google.de/patents/US4628435?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4628435 - Facilities control method Ver�ffentlichungsnummerUS4628435 APublikationstypErteilung Anmeldenummer06/578,676 Ver�ffentlichungsdatum9. Dez. 1986Eingetragen9. Febr. 1984 Priorit�tsdatum9. M�rz 1983 ErfinderKoichi HarunaNorihis KomodaTsutomu TashiroUrspr�nglich Bevollm�chtigterHitachi, Ltd. US-Klassifikation700/1700/108700/113706/50700/47706/904706/52706/48700/103Internationale KlassifikationG05B13/02G05B19/02G05B19/05G05B19/418G06F19/00G05B15/02G06Q50/00 UnternehmensklassifikationG05B19/41835G05B2219/33002 Europ�ische KlassifikationG05B 19/418EReferenzenPatentzitate (6) Referenziert von (85)Externe LinksUSPTO USPTO-Zuordnung EspacenetFacilities control methodUS 4628435 A Zusammenfassung A multi-facility control system includes a controller and attendant memory. Stored in the memory are a plurality of rules, each of which includes a conditional portion representative of a condition to be examined and a conclusive portion describing action to be taken when the condition is satisfied. Also stored in memory is the current status of each facility, information representative of the tasks to be performed by the facilities and updated status information resulting from the satisfaction of the conditional parts of the rules. The controller monitors the status of the facilities and compares monitored status information with the conditional parts of the rules stored in memory. When rule conditions are satisfied, control instructions are generated which are employed to produce command signals that are coupled to the respective facilities for controlling the operations thereof.
We claim: 1. A control system having a controller, for controlling the operation of a plurality of facilities in real time, and memory, coupled to said controller, for storing information in accordance with which said controller controls the operation of said facilities, wherein said memory comprises a rule memory portion which stores information representative of a plurality of rules, each rule containing a conditional portion which describes at least one condition to be examined and a conclusive portion which describes an action to be taken upon said condition being satisfied, and a status memory portion which stores information representative of the current status of each of said facilities, information representative of respective tasks to be performed by said facilities and information representative of the new current status of each of said facilities resulting from the satisfaction of the conditional part of a rule and wherein said controller comprises detecting means for detecting the current status of each of said facilities and generating information representative thereof, input means, coupled with said detecting means, for coupling facility status representative information generated by said detecting means to the status memory portion of said memory to be stored thereby, rule applying means for comparing current status information stored in said status memory with information representative of the conditional portions of the rules stored in said rule memory portion and, in response to the satisfaction of the conditional part of a rule, causing information representative of the conclusive portion of that rule to be stored as the new current status of a facility in the status memory portion of said memory, and for generating information representative of control instructions for controlling the operation of said facilities, said control instruction information being formed by a combination of rules conditional portions of which have been satisfied by the current status of said facilities, and output means, coupled to said rule applying means, for generating command signals for controlling the operation of said facilities in accordance with the control instruction information generated by said rule applying means, and coupling said command signals to respective ones of said facilities.
2. A control system according to claim 1, wherein information stored in said status memory portion representative of tasks to be performed by said facilities includes information representative of a schedule of tasks to be performed, and wherein rule information stored in said rule memory portion includes information representative of rules the conditional portions of which prescribe relationships between said task schedule and the status of respective ones of said facilities and the conclusive portions of which prescribe tasks of said schedule to be executed.
An IF-THEN rule is a condition - conclusion pair consisting of a plurality of character strings which are divided into a conditional part (IF part) descriptive of conditions to be analyzed and a conclusive part (THEN part) descriptive of contents to be executed when the conditions are fulfilled. The plurality of conditions described in the IF part are handled as a logical "and" operator. In the THEN part, the conclusion which results from the fulfillment of the conditions of the IF part is described. Conditions of a logical "or" operator can be expressed as a plurality of IF-THEN rules which have the same THEN parts and different IF parts. Basically, a control block performs pattern matching between the character string of the IF part of the rule and each of character strings stored in a work table within a memory block. In the presence of a matched character string in the work table, it additionally writes the character string of the THEN part into the work table. The format of the character strings constituting the IF part and THEN part, and the forms of the IF-THEN rules are shown in FIG. 1. The character strings, enclosed with "(" and ")", consist of fixed parts 11 for clearly indicating the significance of each of the conditions and conclusions and parameter parts 12 (each being marked off by "&lt;" and "&gt;") for describing constants or variables indicative of facilities etc. to which the conditions and conclusion apply. Here, . . . signifies any desired character string, and ∫ signifies that a plurality of items can be designated. The IF part is a character string which begins with "IF", and which consists of characters between "(" first appearing next "IF" and ")" corresponding to the "(". Where a plurality of conditions (character strings) are described in the IF part, "IF's (any desired character strings)" are continuously designated for the plurality. The IF part of one rule continues to apply until "THEN" appears next. The THEN part is a character string which begins with "THEN", and which consists of characters between "(" first appearing next "THEN" and ")" corresponding to the "(". Where a plurality of conclusions (character strings) are described in the THEN part, "THEN's (any desired character strings)" are continuously designated for the plurality. The IF-THEN rules include three forms, as follows. In some systems for realizing a control block, the number of characters and parameter parts which can be described in one character string are limited, but this does not pertain to the essence of the present invention. Hereinbelow, the characters and parameter parts are assumed to be usable at will. Further, characters actually usable are limited depending upon processing systems, but this does not pertain to the essence of the present invention. Hereinbelow, character strings including Chinese characters shall be used for ease of understanding.
This is a rule in which, in addition to the feature of Form 2, a procedure name is designated in the THEN part in a manner to be enclosed in "&lt;" and "&gt;" first appearing subsequently to "THEN". It serves to put the processing operation, such as the selection of a maximum value and an operation on numerical values, into control logical functions. In this form, effectively the same processing step as in Form 2 is performed. The difference between Form 3 and Form 2 is that control shifts to the procedure designated immediately before the character string of the THEN part is generated. In this case, all the variable values which meet the logical "and" function of the IF part are delivered as subtrahends. The selection of a maximum value, an operation on numerical values, etc. are executed, and the delivered variable values are altered within the procedure, whereupon control can be restored. The character string to be generated is such that the altered variable values are inserted in the corresponding parameter parts of the THEN part.
The process in which a control command is generated on the basis of the rules of job assignment in FIG. 3 is illustrated in FIG. 4. In this figure, character strings stored in the work table are indicated from left to right in the order in which they have been stored. The input status of each of the facilities, as converted into charcter strings, is shown on the left side of the figure. A generated control command is shown in the right side of the figure. First, a character string for assigning a workpiece &lt;34&gt; on the basis of rule No. 1 in FIG. 3 is loaded into the work table. Subsequently, rule No. 2 determines the conditions of empty status, executable job etc., of each of the stations &lt;1&gt; and &lt;2&gt; are job alternatives. Further, rule No. 3 selects the lower numbered station &lt;1&gt;. Lastly, control commands are determined on the basis of rule No. 4. (The control block thereafter converts the character strings of the control command into signals and transmits them to respective facilities.)
FIG. 6 shows the details of the I/O signal vs. character string information memory part 506. This memory part stores information for the interfaces between the external signals (lines 504, 505 in FIG. 5) and internal processing. In FIG. 6, an input signal - character string correspondence table 61 stores data for converting the status signals (lines 504 in FIG. 5) into the form of a character sting to be handled in the control block 502. This table consists of a status signal line entry for storing the entry addresses of the status signal lines 504, and facility status character strings for storing character strings representative of facility status corresponding to signals on the signal lines. On the basis of the data in this table, control block 502 reads the respective status signal lines 504 and generates corresponding character strings subject to the occurrences of the signals (corresponding to the status of each of the facilities converted into character strings in FIG. 4). The generated character strings are stored in the character string memory part 509. Here, where the information of the status signal line 504 is binary information ("on" or "off"), control block 502 generates the character string stored in the table, as is (for example, address B or C in FIG. 6). Where the information on the status signal line 504 is numerical information (such as the read information of a bar code or the like), the control block generates a character string with the information written as a value in that parameter part of the character string stored in the table in which a variable (W, X, Y, Z) is designated (for example, address A or D in FIG. 6). That is, in the example of FIG. 6, where numerical information 34 is present in status signal line address A, control block 502 generates the character string (workpiece &lt;34&gt; is at the head of a queue). In FIG. 6, a character string - output signal correspondence table 64 stores data for sending command signals (lines 505) to the facilities 503 on the basis of character strings representative of control commands generated by the control block 502 (corresponding to control commands obtained as the character strings in FIG. 4, and stored in the character string memory part 509). This table consists of control command character strings for storing the character strings representative of the control commands, and a command signal line entry for storing entry addresses of the command signal lines 505 to which the command signal are to be sent when the control commands have been generated by the control block 502. Where control block 502 has compared the character string representative of the generated control command and the character string designated in this table, it generates the signals for the command signal lines 505 corresponding to the particular character string. At this time, where variables ((W, X, Y, Z) are designated in the parameter parts in the character string designated in the table, the values of the parameter parts corresponding to the variables in the character string representative of the generated control command are transmitted over the signal lines. For example, where a character string representative of the generated control command is (carrier &lt;1&gt; shall transfer provided workpiece &lt;34&gt; to station &lt;1&gt;), the values 34 and 1 are coupled to signal line address E in this order, to instruct the carrier 1 to transfer the workpiece 34 to the station 1. Meanwhile, where no variable is designated in the parameter parts of the character string, a binary signal ("on" or "off") is delivered to the corresponding signal line address (for example, address F in FIG. 6).
FIG. 7 shows the details of the IF-THEN rule trigger event memory part 507. This memory part stores information for designating a series of rule sets to be triggered (to be used for the control block 502 to generate the control command), the rule sets being determined depending upon the status of each of the facilities). By way of example, the control logic operations for controlling the production system of FIG. 2 have been divided into two rule sets as indicated in FIG. 3. Here, the rule set of job assignment must be triggered for a determination of conditions and the decisions of control commands when the workpiece has been fed to the head of the workpiece providing line 21 in FIG. 2, when any work station 24 has become available (empty), or when the carrier 1 (23) has become available (empty). Likewise, the rule set for product delivering needs to be triggered for a determination of conditions and the decisions of control commands when the job has been completed in any work station 24 or when the carrier 2 (25) has become available (empty). Where the facilities do not have these statuses, control block 502 need not generate a control command. In this manner, the rule sets to be triggered are determined for the respective status of each of the facilities (there are some facility statuses which do not require the triggering or file sets, such as station &lt;1&gt; being in operation and carrier &lt;2&gt; transporting). In FIG. 7, a rule set trigger condition table 71 stores the names of rules sets to be triggered for the respective status of each of the facilities. This table consists of a status signal line entry for storing the entry addresses of status signal lines 504 representative of facility status to execute rule triggering, and trigger rule set names for designating the names of rule sets to be triggered upon the occurrence of the signals on the signal lines (status signal lines 504 addresses corresponding to facility status which need not trigger rule sets are not appointed in this table). A used rule set name area 72 stores the name of a rule set to be used for the decision of a control command by the control block 502. The control block 502 polls the respective status signal lines 504 on the basis of data of the rule set trigger condition table 71. When a signal has been generated, it stores the trigger rule set name corresponding to the signal line into the used rule set name area 72 and then shifts to the next processing step.
FIG. 9 shows the details of the character string memory part 509. This memory part is a part which stores character string information, such as character strings produced in the process of determining control commands as illustrated in FIG. 4 and character strings representative of the value of variables received when IF-THEN rules containing the variables as the rules of Forms 2 and 3 are processed. A character string storing table 91 stores character strings which are successively produced when the control block 502 generates control commands. Here, character strings representative of the control commands finally obtained are stored in a control command character string table 93 (the control block 502 executes such processing on the basis of the rule types in FIG. 8). By way of example, character strings other than the control commands obtained as the character strings in FIG. 4 are stored in the character string storing table 91, while the control commands obtained as the character strings are stored in the control command character string table 93. It is sometimes desirable to fixedly store specified character strings in the character string storing table 91 beforehand. To this end, a fixed-part last position area 92 is provided. This area stores the last position of the fixed character strings in the character string storing table 91. The control block 502 first erases a part below this position, and then uses it for storing the character strings. Examples of specified character strings desired to be fixedly stored are the character strings in FIG. 4 from (station &lt;1&gt; is usable for &lt;assembly A&gt;) to (station &lt;3&gt; is usable for &lt;fabrication-assembly B&gt;). These can be said to represent fixed conditions such as the functions of the stations, rather than to represent the status of each of the stations changing every moment. It is more natural to store such conditions as fixed conditions in advance, than to receive them as external signals each time. In FIG. 9, a value-of-variable temporary table 94 and an "and" logic (operation) met (or satisfied) value-of-variable table 95 serve to realize the operations of the IF-THEN rules of Forms 2 and 3. The value-of-variable temporary table 94 is a table in which, in the pattern matching between the character string of a certain one of IF part and the character strings of the work table (the character string storing table 91), the value of the parameter part of the character string in the work table, matched with the character string of the IF part (determined in the portion of the character string except the parameter part where a variable is designated), the value being received as the value of the corresponding variable of the character string of the IF part, is stored. Further, an "and" logic (operation) met value-of-variable table 95 stores those of the received variable values which satisfy the "and" logic operation of the IF part.
In the example of FIG. 1, the workpieces have been assumed to be provided one by one. Where workpieces are stored in a component warehouse or the like and the carrier 1 retrieves them in accordance with a predetermined schedule, a control schedule can also be realized in the following way. A table for storing a job schedule is provided in the character string memory part 509. In this table, a predetermined job plan "job &lt;No. 150&gt; is the &lt;arm assembly&gt; job of product &lt;robot A type&gt;" is written as a character string beforehand. In accordance with the contents of this table, jobs to be next performed are successively written into the character string storing table 91, whereupon the job stations, carrier etc. are automatically assigned, as described in the embodiment, and the specified schedule control can be realized.
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Du Pont De Nemours & Co.Batch process control using expert systemsDrehenOriginalbildGoogle-Startseite - Sitemap - USPTO-Bulk-Downloads - Datenschutzerkl�rung - Nutzungsbedingungen - �ber Google Patente - Feedback gebenDaten bereitgestellt von IFI CLAIMS Patent Services.© 2012 Google