Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/1062790/description-tags-2Ch3
Timestamp: 2018-07-20 11:10:12
Document Index: 720822103

Matched Legal Cases: ['§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', '§668', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 1', 'art 2']

description: tags: 2Ch3 | Liability (Financial Accounting) | Loans
description: tags: 2Ch3
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Cohort Default Rate Strategies
What strategies can a school employ before the release of the draft and official cohort default rates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-1 What strategies should a school employ after the release of the draft and official cohort default rates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-3 What else can a school do after the release of the draft and official cohort default rates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-3 Information for Schools that Believe the Loan Record Detail Report Contains Inaccurate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1-4 Why should a school that is not subject to sanctions contest inaccurate data on the loan record detail report? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-4 How does a school determine if there is inaccurate data on the loan record detail report? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-5 How does a school contest inaccurate data on the loan record detail report? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-10 What types of loan record detail report allegations may a school submit as a part of an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-11 What supporting documentation does a school need to submit with its allegations? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-12 Does a school need to submit loan record detail report pages with its allegations? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-13 What specific allegations and supporting documentation can a school submit with an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1-14 Information for Schools that Believe they have Exceptional Mitigating Circumstances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1-21 Information for Schools that are Subject to Provisional Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1-22
helv n cond helv l cond
Cohort Default Strategies
What strategies can a school employ before the release of the draft and official cohort default rates? There are a number of strategies a school can employ before the release of the draft and official cohort default rates keep copies of all correspondence between the school and data managers, lenders, and the U.S. Department of Education (the Department); send all cohort default rate correspondence and enrollment information correspondence to all entities via certified mail or commercial delivery and maintain the documentation that shows the correspondence was timely sent; timely submit, on a regular basis, changes in a student’s enrollment status to the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS) and follow up with a screen print to NSLDS to show timely submission; on at least a monthly basis, review the NSLDS repayment information and compare this data with the school’s data (see Chapter 3.2,“Repayment Information,” for additional information); coordinate with all offices throughout the school concerning student enrollment status to ensure free flow of information at the school; contact all data managers to determine what reports are available from the data manager to track students on a regular basis; contact the data manager to discuss how to update information if the school finds incorrect data during its review; correct reports with the data manager on a regular, timely basis; work with the school’s Institutional Improvement Specialist (IIS) or Client Account Manager (CAM) to resolve difficulties; read the Department’s publication “Ensuring Student Loan Repayment;” review this guide for information regarding cohort default rates; and update this guide by incorporating new pages as they are received. Page 3.1 - 1
CHAPTER 3.1 Cohort Default Strategies
Participation Rate Index Challenges §668.185(c) §668.190 §668.191 §668.192 §668.193 §668.194 §668.195 §668.196 §668.197 Uncorrected Data Adjustments New Data Adjustments Erroneous Data Appeals Loan Servicing Appeals Economically Disadvantaged Appeals Participation Rate Index Appeals Average Rates Appeals 30-or-Fewer Borrowers Appeals
Incorrect Data Challenge
§668.185(b)
You receive the draft Start Start Start Start Start Start Start Start Start
or official cohort default rate or notice of loss or provisional certification. Days
You request loan 15
Page 3.1 - 2
manager your challenge or your request for information. Days Days Days
45 15 15 15
You send us your management's written assertion. 30
Data manager 20
You pay the fee, if charged. 20
Figure 3.1.1- Challenges, Adjustments, and Appeals
replacement or our records (if we have the loan) Days
Your last deadline Action not always required
If you are filing more than one of these three adjustments or appeal types, you may submit them together, by the date that the latest is due
Ours or data manager’s deadline
Cohort Default Strategies helv n cond What strategies should a school employ after release of the draft and official cohort default rates? The school will receive a notification letter each year when the Department releases the draft cohort default rates. Most schools will also receive a loan record detail report for the draft period listing all the borrowers contained in the draft calculation. The school should compare the information in the loan record detail report for the draft period to the school’s own records to ensure the accuracy of the data in the loan record detail report for the draft period. The school will receive an official cohort default rate notification letter when the Department releases the official cohort default rates. The letter will inform the school of its official cohort default rate and inform the school of any sanctions or benefits associated with the school’s official cohort default rate. (See Chapter 2.2,“Cohort Default Rate Effects,” for additional information about cohort default rate sanctions and cohort default rate benefits.) If the school's official cohort default rate is 10 percent or greater, the school will receive a loan record detail report for the official period listing all the borrowers contained in the official calculation. (A school may also request a copy of the loan record detail report. See Chapter 2.3,“Loan Record Detail Report,” for information on requesting a copy.) Because loan record detail reports contain personal identification information about borrowers who received loans under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) and William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) programs, the Privacy Act of 1974 and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) apply to all cohort default rate loan data, including the loan record detail reports. State and local laws and regulations may also govern the use of this material. Recipients should take appropriate steps to ensure that this material is used and discarded properly. What else can a school do after release of the draft and official cohort default rates? There are a number of challenges, adjustments, and appeals a school can pursue after the release of the draft and official cohort default rates. Schools may submit challenges after the release of the draft cohort default rates; schools may submit adjustments and appeals after the release of the official cohort default rates. Figure 3.1.1 outlines those challenges, adjustments, and appeals.
Page 3.1 - 3
Cohort Default Strategies The challenges, adjustments, and appeals fall into two main categories: Challenges, adjustments, and appeals that contend that the loan record detail report contains inaccurate data and, as a result, the school’s cohort default rate is incorrect. Generally, this type of challenge, adjustment, or appeal is available to any school. The exceptions are the uncorrected data adjustment, which is only available to schools that submitted an incorrect data challenge, and the erroneous data appeal, which is only available to schools that are subject to sanctions. Challenges, adjustments, and appeals that contend that the school has exceptional mitigating circumstances that should remove the school from being subject to cohort default rate sanctions. Generally, this type of challenge, adjustment, or appeal is only available to schools that are subject to sanctions. The exception is the participation rate index challenge, which is available to schools that believe they will be subject to sanctions after the release of the official cohort default rates. The type of challenge, adjustment, or appeal a school should submit depends on the school’s situation. Figure 3.1.2 details which schools will benefit from submitting the different challenges, adjustments, or appeals.
Information for Schools that Believe the Loan Record Detail Report Contains Inaccurate Data Why should a school that is not subject to sanctions contest inaccurate data on the loan record detail report? There are a number of reasons why a school that is not subject to sanctions should contest inaccurate data on the loan record detail report: Contesting inaccurate data helps maintain data integrity and accuracy. Contesting inaccurate data may lead to a reduction in the school’s cohort default rate that would make the school eligible for the benefits available to schools with a low cohort default rate. See Chapter 2.2,“Cohort Default Rate Effects,” for information on the benefits available for schools with a low cohort default rate.
Page 3.1 - 4
Figure 3.1.2 - Schools that can Benefit from Submitting a Challenge, Adjustment, or Appeal (part 1 of 2) Submission Type Incorrect Data Challenge Basis What schools can take action? Any school that believes there is inaccurate data in the loan record detail report for the draft period. Any school that Participation Rate Index Challenge Exceptional Mitigating Circumstances believes it will be subject to sanctions after the release of the official cohort default rates and has a low borrower participation rate. Any school that timely submitted an incorrect data challenge if the data manager reviewing the incorrect data challenge correctly agreed to make changes to the cohort default rate data and the agreed upon changes are not reflected in the school's loan record detail report for the official period. New Data Adjustment Inaccurate Data Any school that finds new, incorrect data in the loan record detail report for the official period. Any school that is subject to sanctions if the school believes there is new data in the loan record detail report for the official period or the school submitted an incorrect data challenge and believes there is disputed data in the loan record detail report for the official period. How does a school determine if there is inaccurate data on the loan record detail report? A school should review the loan record detail report by comparing the school’s records to the information on the loan record detail report. A school can simplify this process by creating a report using Page 3.1 - 5 See Chapter 4.4, “ New Data Adjustment” or 34 CFR 191 See Chapter 4.3, “ Uncorrected Data Adjustment” or 34 CFR 190 See Chapter 4.2, “ Participation Rate Index Challenge” or 34 CFR 185(c) Effect See Chapter 4.1, “ Incorrect Data Challenge” or 34 CFR 185(b)
Uncorrected Data Adjustment
Erroneous Data Appeal
See Chapter 4.5, “ Erroneous Data Appeal” or 34 CFR 192
Figure 3.1.2 (cont.) - Schools that can Benefit from Submitting a Challenge, Adjustment, or Appeal (part 2 of 2)
Submission Type Loan Servicing Appeal
What schools can take action? Any school that believes its loan record detail report for the official period contains defaulted FFELs or Direct Loans that were improperly serviced for cohort default rate purposes. Any school that is subject to sanctions if in the case of a non-degree granting school, the school’ s low income rate is two-thirds or more and the school’ s placement rate is 44 percent or more or, in the case of a degree granting school, the school’ s low income rate is two-thirds or more and the school’ s completion rate is 70 percent or more.
Effect See Chapter 4.6, “ Loan Servicing Appeal” or 34 CFR 193
Economically Exceptional Disadvantaged Mitigating Appeal Circumstances
See Chapter 4.7, “ Economically Disadvantaged Appeal” or 34 CFR 194
Participation Rate Index Appeal
Exceptional Any school that is subject to sanction that has Mitigating a low borrower participation rate. Circumstances Any school that is
See Chapter 4.8, “ Participation Rate Index Appeal” or 34 CFR 195
Average Rates Appeal
Exceptional Mitigating Circumstances
subject to sanctions because of three consecutive official cohort default rates that are 25.0 percent or greater if at least two of the school’ s three most recent official cohort default rates are average cohort default rates and would have been less than 25.0 percent if only the data for the cohort fiscal year had been used to calculate the rate or subject to sanctions because of an official cohort default rate that is greater than 40.0 percent if the official cohort default rate was calculated as an average rate.
See Chapter 4.9, “ Average Rates Appeal” or 34 CFR 196
Thirty-orFewer Borrowers Appeal
Any school that is subject to sanctions that has Exceptional a total of 30 or fewer borrowers included in the Mitigating three most recent cohort periods used to Circumstances calculate the cohort default rates.
See Chapter 4.10, “ Thirty-or-Fewer Borrowers Appeal” or 34 CFR 197
the school’s records. It is important to note that a school does not need to wait until the release of the loan record detail reports to create the school’s report.
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School Name: OPE ID:
A Borrower's SSN B Borrower's Name C Date of Birth D Class Begin Date E Class End Date F Type of Loans G H I Default/ NegAm Date
School Records Report
J Loan Repay Date K L
Claim Loan eas Status RCodon e
Enrollment Enrollment Status Status Code Date
Date __/__/__
Page __ of ___
Figure 3.1.3 is a blank school records report. There is also a full-sized blank school records report at the end of this chapter. A school may photocopy and use the full-sized blank report or create its own report using the layout provided. The report should be created in landscape format using a spreadsheet software application such as Excel or Lotus 1-2-3. The report should contain the following: Left-side Header: In the left-side area of the header, enter the school identification information. The left-side header should have the following titles. School Name: OPE ID: After entering the title, a school should enter the information appropriate to that title. Right-side Header: In the right-side area of the header, enter this title:“School Records Report.” Left-side Footer: In the left-side area of the footer, enter the date the spreadsheet was prepared. Right-side Footer: In the right-side area of the footer, set up automatic pagination so that the specific page number and the total number of pages show on each page. For example, Page 1 of 10. Column A: On Row 1, enter the title “Borrower’s SSN.” Starting on Row 2, enter the SSNs of all the borrowers. Use hyphens to separate the numbers in the following format: 000-00-0000. If a borrower has multiple loans, create a separate entry for each loan.
Figure 3.1.3 Blank School Records Report
Page 3.1 - 7
Cohort Default Strategies Column B: On Row 1, enter the title “Borrower’s Name.” Starting on Row 2, enter the names of the individuals whose SSNs are listed in Column A. Use the following format: Last Name, First Name, Middle Initial Column C: On Row 1, enter the title “Date of Birth.” Starting on Row 2, enter the date of birth for the individuals whose SSNs are listed in Column A. Column D: On Row 1, enter the title “Class Begin Date.” Starting on Row 2, enter MM/DD/CCYY to identify the date the loan period began. Column E: On Row 1, enter the title “Class End Date.” Starting on Row 2, enter MM/DD/CCYY to identify the date the loan period ended. Column F: On Row 1, enter the title “Type of Loans.” Starting on Row 2, enter the code for the loan. Use the following loan type codes: D1 Direct Subsidized Loan D2 Direct Unsubsidized Loan
SF Subsidized Federal Stafford Loan SL Federal Supplemental Loans for Students (Federal SLS) loan SU Unsubsidized Federal Stafford Loan Column G: On Row 1, enter the title “Loan Status.” Starting on Row 2, enter loan status at the time the cohort default rate was calculated. Use the codes found in Figure 2.3.5 in Chapter 2.3, “Loan Record Detail Report.” Column H: On Row 1, enter the title “Claim Reason Code.” Starting on Row 2, enter the reason why a FFEL or Direct Loan is considered in default. Use the codes found in Figure 2.3.6 in Chapter 2.3,“Loan Record Detail Report.” Column I: On Row 1, enter the title “Default/NegAm Date.” Starting on Row 2, enter MM/DD/CCYY to identify the date the default claim was paid on a FFEL or the date that a Direct Loan was 360 days delinquent or met other specified conditions.
Page 3.1 - 8
Cohort Default Strategies Column J: On Row 1, enter the title “Loan Repay Date.” Starting on Row 2, enter MM/DD/CCYY to identify the date the loan entered repayment. The school will need to estimate actual repayment dates if the school does not maintain this information. Generally, a school can do this by adding six months to the students’ last dates of attendance to account for their grace periods. If a school knows of a reason why a borrower’s repayment date was delayed (for example, if the student enrolled in another school before entering repayment or if the student entered active duty in the armed services), the school should try to adjust for those circumstances. Column K: On Row 1, enter the title “Enrollment Status Code.” Starting on Row 2, enter enrollment status at the time the cohort default rate was calculated. Use the codes found in Figure 2.3.7 in Chapter 2.3,“Loan Record Detail Report.” Column L: On Row 1, enter the title “Enrollment Status Date.” Starting on Row 2, enter MM/DD/CCYY to identify the date the enrollment status last changed. Once the school has created the report, it should complete the report using information from the school’s records. If the school has no record for a particular field, the school should leave the element blank.
Once the school has completed the report, it should compare the report to the loan record detail report. The school should ask the following questions: Are there loans on the school’s report that are not on the loan record detail report? Are there loans on the loan record detail report that are not on the school’s report? Is each data element on the school’s report the same as the corresponding element on the loan record detail report? If there are differences between the school’s data and the data on the loan record detail report, the school should examine its records and the loan record detail report more closely to determine the possible causes for each difference.
Page 3.1 - 9
Cohort Default Strategies How does a school contest inaccurate data on the loan record detail report?
Figure 3.1.4 Challenges, Adjustments, and Appeals that can Affect a School’s Official Cohort Default Rate Submission Type As mentioned, there are five challenges, adjustments, and appeals that, if successful, enable a school to contest inaccurate data on a loan record detail report. Figure 3.1.4 outlines those five challenges, adjustments, and appeals. The figure details which schools can submit which challenge, adjustment, and appeal. What schools can take action? All schools (if a school does not challenge the accuracy of data in an incorrect data challenge, the school cannot contest the accuracy of that data later in an uncorrected data adjustment or an erroneous data appeal). All schools that submitted a successful incorrect data challenge, if the official cohort default rate data does not reflect the changes agreed to as part of the incorrect data challenge process. All schools, although those schools that are subject to sanction should submit an erroneous data appeal instead. Schools that are subject to cohort default rate sanctions and schools that are subject to provisional certification (if a school does not challenge the accuracy of data in an incorrect data challenge, the school cannot submit an erroneous data appeal based upon disputed data). Effect If successful, the data manager will correct the incorrect data in NSLDS, and the corrected data will be used when calculating the school's official cohort default rate. If successful, Default Management will recalculate the school's official cohort default rate. If successful, Default Management will recalculate the school's official cohort default rate.
A school believes that the loan record detail report for the draft period contains incorrect data.
A school believes that the loan record detail report for the official period contains data that should have been corrected as a result of an Incorrect Data Challenge. A school believes that the loan record detail report for the official period contains new, incorrect data.
A school believes that the loan record detail report for Erroneous the official period contains Data Appeal new, incorrect data and/or contains disputed data.
If successful, Default Management will recalculate the school's official cohort default rate.
A school believes that the loan record detail report for the official period contains defaulted loans that were improperly serviced for cohort default rate purposes. Page 3.1 - 10
Cohort Default Strategies When submitting an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal, a school alleges that the loan record detail report data contains inaccurate information. See the next several sections of this chapter for additional information about the allegations a school must make in order to submit an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal. See Chapter 4.1,“Incorrect Data Challenge,” Chapter 4.4,“New Data Adjustment,” and Chapter 4.5,“Erroneous Data Appeal,” for additional information about submitting an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal. When submitting an uncorrected data adjustment, a school alleges that the loan record detail report contains information that a data manager agreed to change. See Chapter 4.3,“Uncorrected Data Adjustment,” for information about submitting an uncorrected data adjustment. When submitting a loan servicing appeal, a school alleges that the school’s loan record detail report contains defaulted FFELs and Direct Loans that were improperly serviced for cohort default rate purposes. See Chapter 4.6,“Loan Servicing Appeal,” for the definition of improperly serviced for cohort default rate purposes and for information about submitting a loan servicing appeal. What types of loan record detail report allegations may a school submit as a part of an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal? When submitting an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal, a school must submit allegations about the cohort default rate data used to calculate the school’s cohort default rate. The allegations fall into three main categories: The school alleges that the loan record detail report incorrectly reports a borrower’s status and that the status should be changed. The school alleges that the loan record detail report incorrectly includes a borrower whose repayment date does not fall within the cohort fiscal year and that the borrower should be removed from the cohort default rate calculation. The school alleges that the loan record detail report incorrectly excludes a borrower who entered repayment within the cohort fiscal year and that the borrower should be added to the cohort default rate calculation.
Page 3.1 - 11
Cohort Default Strategies What supporting documentation does a school need to submit with its allegations? A school must submit supporting documentation with its incorrect data challenge allegations, new data adjustment allegations, or erroneous data appeal allegations. Relevant supporting documentation for any allegation includes, but is not limited to, the following: a copy of a letter to the relevant data manager that informs the entity of the borrower’s last date of attendance or less-thanhalf-time date and proof that the documentation was timely sent to the relevant data manager; a dated copy of a Student Status Confirmation Report (SSCR) sent to the relevant data manager that confirms the borrower’s last date of attendance or less-than-half-time date and proof that the documentation was timely sent to the data manager; a screen print from the SSCR function within NSLDS that confirms the borrower’s last date of attendance or less-than-half-time date was timely recorded within NSLDS; or a copy of a cancelled check, front and back, or other documentation showing that the borrower’s loan was cancelled and fully refunded within 120 days of disbursement by the lender.
A school should contact the data manager for a loan for additional information on types of supporting documentation the school should submit with an allegation. In addition to submitting documentation to support the allegation, the school must also submit proof that the supporting documentation was timely submitted to the data manager or NSLDS. If the data a school submits was never originally submitted to the relevant data manager or NSLDS, or if the data was not submitted in a timely manner, the data manager should respond that the issue in question was determined based on the best information available at the time and that as a result, no change is warranted for cohort default rate purposes. To be considered timely, the school must have submitted the data to the data manager within two months of the event it concerns.
Page 3.1 - 12
Cohort Default Strategies Does a school need to submit loan record detail report pages with its allegations? A school must always submit the appropriate pages of the loan record detail report to support its incorrect data challenge allegations, new data adjustment allegations, or erroneous data appeal allegations. The school should include the loan record detail report page where the school is alleging the borrower has been incorrectly reported, incorrectly included, or incorrectly omitted. In certain circumstances the school must submit multiple loan record detail report pages from the same cohort fiscal year. If the borrower has multiple loans that appear on more than one page, the school should include each page where the borrower appears. If the borrower is missing from the calculation, and the missing borrower would have appeared at the bottom of one page or the top of the next page, the school should include both pages. In other circumstances the school must submit loan record detail report pages from multiple cohort fiscal years. If the school alleges that a borrower was incorrectly reported in one cohort fiscal year and should have been reported in another cohort fiscal year, the school must include loan record detail report pages from both cohort fiscal years. Finally, in some circumstances the school must submit pages from the loan record detail report for the draft period and the loan record detail report for the official period. If the school is alleging that the loan record detail report for the official period contains new data, the school must show the pages from the loan record detail report for the draft period where the borrower initially appeared or should have appeared and the pages from the loan record detail report from the official period where the new data appears. A school should contact the data manager for a loan for additional guidance on the loan record detail report pages the school should submit with its incorrect data challenge allegations, new data adjustment allegations, or erroneous data appeal allegations.
Page 3.1 - 13
Cohort Default Strategies What specific allegations and supporting documentation can a school submit with an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal? Figure 3.1.5 outlines several situations where a borrower was incorrectly reported on a loan record detail report because of an incorrect date entered repayment.
Figure 3.1.5 - Borrower Incorrectly Reported Due to Inaccurate Date Entered Repayment (part 1 of 3) What is the basis of the allegation? What is the school requesting? What supporting Which loan record documentation detail report should the pages should the school enclose? school enclose? The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included. The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included. The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included.
The school requests that the date entered repayment be The school changed and the loan either Incorrect should enclose remain in the current cohort last date of The school alleges documentation of attendance that correct change fiscal year cohort default rate the enrollment or lessin enrollment status calculation or, alternatively, be status change removed from the current than-half- was submitted to the and proof of cohort fiscal year cohort time data manager or timely default rate calculation and enrollment NSLDS. submission of the added to another cohort fiscal date documentation. year cohort default rate calculation. The school requests that the date entered repayment be The school changed and the loan either The school alleges should enclose remain in the current cohort that the borrower documentation of re-enrolled full-time fiscal year cohort default rate the enrollment at their school or calculation or, alternatively, be status change removed from the current another school and proof of cohort fiscal year cohort before the grace timely default rate calculation and period ended. submission of the added to another cohort fiscal documentation. year cohort default rate calculation.
Insufficient grace period
The school requests that the date entered repayment be The school Death, changed to the date the loan should enclose disability, was discharged and the loan documentation and/or either remain in the current that the loan was The school alleges bankruptcy cohort fiscal year cohort discharged that the loan was before default rate calculation or, before the date discharged before expiration entered the borrower entered alternatively, be removed from of grace the current cohort fiscal repayment and repayment. period (date year cohort default rate proof of timely entered calculation and added to submission of the repayment) another cohort fiscal year documentation. cohort default rate calculation. Page 3.1 - 14
Figure 3.1.5 (cont.) - Borrower Incorrectly Reported Due to Inaccurate Date Entered Repayment (part 2 of 3) Allegation What is the basis of the allegation? What is the school requesting? What supporting Which loan record documentation detail report should the pages should the school enclose? school enclose? The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included. The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included.
Loan paidin-full prior to expiration of grace period (date entered repayment)
The school requests that the date entered repayment be The school changed to the date the loan should enclose was paid-in-full and the loan documentation either remain in the current that the loan was The school alleges cohort fiscal year cohort paid in full before that the loan was default rate calculation or, the scheduled paid-in-full before date entered the borrower entered alternatively, be removed from the current cohort fiscal repayment and repayment. year cohort default rate proof of timely calculation and added to submission of the another cohort fiscal year documentation. cohort default rate calculation. The school should enclose documentation showing that the borrower made a full scheduled payment before the date entered repayment and proof of timely submission of the documentation.
The school requests that the date entered repayment be changed to the date the borrower started repayment Repayment The school alleges and the loan either remain in before that the borrower the current cohort fiscal year expiration began making cohort default rate calculation of grace scheduled loan or, alternatively, be removed period (date repayment before entered the expiration of the from the current cohort fiscal year cohort default rate repayment) grace period. calculation and added to another cohort fiscal year cohort default rate calculation.
The school alleges that the data manager used a month specific The school requests that the method in date entered repayment be Wrong determining the date changed using the date conversion The school entered repayment specific method and the loan should enclose method instead of a day either remain in the current documentation of (date vs. specific method. For cohort fiscal year cohort month the enrollment example, the data default rate calculation or, specific) status change manager used the alternatively, be removed used to and proof of last date of from the current cohort fiscal determine timely attendance plus six year cohort default rate the date submission of the months plus one calculation and added to entered documentation. month instead of last another cohort fiscal year repayment date of attendance cohort default rate calculation. plus six months plus one day to determine the date entered repayment.
The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included.
Page 3.1 - 15
Figure 3.1.5 (cont.) - Borrower Incorrectly Reported Due to Inaccurate Date Entered Repayment (part 3 of 3) What is the basis of the allegation? What is the school requesting? What supporting Which loan record documentation detail report should the pages should the school enclose? school enclose? The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is included or excluded and, if applicable, the cohort fiscal year where the borrower should be included.
The school alleges that the Federal SLS Federal SLS loan and Federal loan and Stafford Loan should Federal be linked because Stafford the loans were Loan not obtained in the same linked period of continuous enrollment.
The school requests that the The school date entered repayment be should enclose changed so that the Federal documentation SLS loan and Federal Stafford showing that the Loan are linked in the same loans were cohort default rate calculation obtained in the and either both loans be same period of included in the current cohort continuous fiscal year cohort default rate enrollment and calculation or both be moved proof of timely to another cohort fiscal year submission of the cohort default rate calculation. documentation.
Page 3.1 - 16
Cohort Default Strategies Figure 3.1.6 outlines several situations where a borrower was incorrectly reported in default on a loan record detail report.
Figure 3.1.6 - Borrower Incorrectly Reported Due to Inaccurate Default Status (part 1 of 2)
Allegation What is the basis of the allegation? What is the school requesting? What supporting documentation should the school enclose? Which loan record detail report pages should the school enclose?
Insufficient delinquency period
The school alleges that the borrower did not receive the full delinquency period.
The school requests that the default be The school should The school should removed from the loan enclose the include loan record record detail report delinquency report detail report pages and the borrower from the data from the cohort usage code be manager and proof of fiscal year where changed to D timely submission of the borrower is (borrower reported in the documentation. incorrectly reported. denominator only). The school requests that the default be The school should The school should removed from the loan enclose the in-school include loan record record detail report deferment detail report pages and the borrower documentation and from the cohort usage code be proof of timely fiscal year where changed to D submission of the the borrower is (borrower reported in documentation. incorrectly reported. denominator only).
The school alleges that the borrower received an in-school deferment and has not defaulted.
The school requests that the default be removed from the loan The school alleges that record detail report the borrower received a and the borrower forbearance and has not usage code be defaulted. changed to D (borrower reported in denominator only).
The school should enclose the forbearance documentation and proof of timely submission of the documentation.
The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is incorrectly reported.
Death, disability, and/or bankruptcy before default occurred
The school requests The school should that the default be The school should enclose removed from the loan include loan record documentation that The school alleges that record detail report detail report pages the loan was the loan was discharged and the borrower from the cohort discharged before the prior to the borrower usage code be fiscal year where default and proof of defaulting. changed to D the borrower is timely submission of (borrower reported in incorrectly reported. the documentation. denominator only). The school requests that the default be The underlying loans removed from the loan making up the record detail report consolidation loans and the borrower should not be counted as usage code be in default within the changed to D cohort default period. (borrower reported in denominator only). The school should enclose the delinquency report from the data manager, other lender information, and proof of timely submission of the documentation. The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is incorrectly reported.
Underlying loans did not default (before consolidation)
Page 3.1 - 17
Figure 3.1.6 - Borrower Incorrectly Reported Due to Inaccurate Default Status (part 2 of 2)
Allegation What is the basis of the allegation? What is the school requesting? What supporting documentation should the school enclose? The school should enclose the delinquency report from the data manager, other lender information, and proof of timely submission of the documentation. Which loan record detail report pages should the school enclose? The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is incorrectly reported.
Consolidation loan did not default
The school requests that the default be The consolidation loan removed from the loan record detail report did not default and the borrower within the cohort default usage code be period. changed to D (borrower reported in denominator only). The school alleges that the lender repurchased the loan due to incorrect submission (within 30 The school requests days) and no subsequent that the default be claims were paid on the removed from the loan loan during the cohort record detail report default period. and the borrower usage code be Note: Repurchases due changed to D to courtesy or a new (borrower reported in repayment plan will not denominator only). remove the loan from default in the cohort default rate calculation. The school alleges that the borrower successfully rehabilitated the loan by making 12 consecutive, on-time payments within the cohort default period.
Loan was repurchased and no subsequent claim paid
The school should enclose the delinquency report from the data manager, other lender information, and proof of timely submission of the documentation.
Rehabilitation achieved
The school requests The school should that the default be The school should enclose the removed from the loan include loan record borrower’ s record detail report detail report pages repayment record and the borrower from the cohort from the servicer and usage code be fiscal year where proof of timely changed to D the borrower is submission of the (borrower reported in incorrectly reported. documentation. denominator only). The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is incorrectly reported.
Borrower does not The school alleges that The school requests meet criteria for a the borrower does not that the default be Direct Loan to be meet the criteria of removed from the loan considered in scheduled payments less record detail report default due to other than $15/month and less and the borrower specified conditions than the interest usage code be (See Chapter 2.1, accruing on the loan for changed to D “ Calculating Cohort 270/360 days in cohort (borrower reported in Default Rates” ) default period. denominator only).
There is no supporting documentation for a school to initially send to the DLS.
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Cohort Default Strategies Figure 3.1.7 outlines several situations where a borrower is incorrectly reported on a loan record detail report because the borrower has multiple loans. Figure 3.1.7 - Borrower Incorrectly Reported Due to Multiple Loans Allegations Allegation What is the basis of the allegation? What is the school requesting? What supporting documentation should the school enclose?
Which loan record detail report pages should the school enclose?
Wrong social security number – borrower is counted more than once in a cohort default rate calculation
The school requests the The school alleges The school should removal of the incorrect The school that the borrower include loan record social security number should enclose has been included detail report pages and removal of the data documentation of more than once in from the cohort fiscal if the loan is duplicated the correct social the cohort default years where the or the addition of the security number rate calculation borrower has been data under the correct and proof of timely because of two included under both social security number submission of the different social social security if the loan is not a documentation. security numbers. numbers. duplicated loan.
The school should Borrower has The school alleges The school requests a include loan record The school multiple loans that the borrower change to the date detail report pages should enclose in one cohort had one or entered repayment and documentation of from the cohort fiscal default rate more breaks in the removal of one or year where the the enrollment calculation that enrollment and more loans from the status change and borrower is included belong in used the full grace current cohort fiscal year and, if applicable, the proof of timely several cohort period before and the addition of those cohort fiscal year submission of the default rate obtaining more loans to the correct where the borrower documentation. calculations loans. cohort fiscal year. should be included. Borrower has multiple loans that should be included in only one cohort default rate calculation The school should include loan record The school detail report pages should enclose documentation of from the cohort fiscal year where the the enrollment status change and borrower is included and, if applicable, the proof of timely cohort fiscal year submission of the where the borrower documentation. should be included.
The school alleges The school requests that the borrower a change to the date was continuously entered repayment and enrolled full time that all loans be moved and did not use to the correct cohort the grace period. fiscal year.
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Cohort Default Strategies Figure 3.1.8 outlines two situations where a borrower was incorrectly included on a loan record detail report.
Figure 3.1.8 Borrower Incorrectly Included Allegations
What is the basis of the allegation?
What is the school requesting?
What supporting documentation should the school enclose?
Which loan record detail report pages should the school enclose? The school should include loan record detail report pages from the cohort fiscal year where the borrower is improperly included.
Loan fully cancelled
The school alleges The school is The school should that the loan was fully requesting the enclose copies of the cancelled within 120 removal of the loan front and back of the days of disbursement from the cohort cancelled check and (partially cancelled default rate proof of timely loans are included in calculation and the submission of the the cohort default rate borrower usage documentation. calculation). code changed to N.
The school should The school should enclose information The school alleges The school is include loan record from the data manager requesting the Loan does that the lender did not detail report pages that the loan was meet the insurance removal of the loan not meet from the cohort fiscal repurchased by the requirements and the from the cohort insurance year where the lender and proof of loan became an default rate requirements borrower is timely submission of uninsured loan. calculation. improperly included. the documentation.
What is the basis What is the school of the allegation? requesting?
The school alleges Incorrect last that correct change date of in enrollment attendance or status information less-than-halfwas submitted to time enrollment the data manager date or NSLDS.
The school is The school should The school should requesting a change enclose documentation include loan record to the date entered of the enrollment detail report pages repayment and the status change and from the cohort fiscal addition of the loan proof of timely year where the to the cohort default submission of the borrower is rate calculation. documentation. improperly excluded.
Figure 3.1.9 Borrower Incorrectly Excluded Allegation
Figure 3.1.9 outlines a situation where a borrower was incorrectly excluded on a loan record detail report. The allegations listed in this section are common allegations; a school may submit an incorrect data challenge, new data adjustment, or erroneous data appeal based on allegations not covered in this section.
Page 3.1 - 20
Cohort Default Strategies Information for Schools that Believe they have Exceptional Mitigating Circumstances Figure 3.1.10 outlines the challenges and appeals a school may submit when it believes it has exceptional mitigating circumstances that should prevent the school from being subject to cohort default rate sanctions. Submission Type Why Submit? What schools can take action? All schools, but only those that will be subject to sanctions when the official cohort default rates are released will benefit.
Figure 3.1.10 Challenges and Appeals that Show a School has Exceptional Mitigating Circumstances
Effect If successful, Default Management will not use the cohort default fiscal year that was challenged when determining if the school will be subject to sanction.
Participation Rate Index Challenge
A school believes that it may be subject to sanction with the release of the official cohort default rates but also believes that it should not be subject to sanction because of its low borrower participation rate.
A school believes it should not be subject to sanction because of its low borrower participation rate.
If successful, Default Management will not use Schools that are the cohort default fiscal year that was appealed subject to when determining if the sanction. school will be subject to sanction.
A school believes that it should not be subject to sanctions because of the number Economically of low income students attending the school Disadvantaged and the school's placement rate (for a nondegree granting school) or the school's Appeal completion rate (for a degree granting school).
If successful, Default Management will not use Schools that are the cohort default fiscal year when determining if subject to the school will be subject sanction. to sanctions for the current fiscal year only.
A school will not be subject to sanction because of three consecutive official cohort default rates that are 25.0 percent or greater if at least two of its three most recent official cohort default rates are average cohort default rates and would have been less than Schools that are Average Rates 25.0 percent if only the data for the cohort subject to Appeal fiscal year had been used to calculate the sanction. rate. In addition, a school will not be subject to sanction because of an official cohort default rate that is greater than 40.0 percent if the official cohort default rate was calculated as an average rate. Thirty-orFewer Borrowers Appeal A school with a combined total of 30 or fewer borrowers in repayment in the three most recent cohort default rate fiscal years will not be subject to sanction. Schools that are subject to sanction.
The school will not be subject to sanction.
Page 3.1 - 21
Cohort Default Strategies A school that believes it has exceptional mitigating circumstances does not need to wait for the release of the cohort default rates to begin preparing a challenge, adjustment, or appeal. For example, a school with a low number of borrowers can begin preparing its participation rate index challenge or participation rate index appeal prior to the release of the cohort default rates. Information for Schools that are Subject to Provisional Certification All schools may submit incorrect data challenges, uncorrected data adjustments, new data adjustments, and loan servicing appeals based on the date they receive their cohort default rates. A school subject to provisional certification may also submit an erroneous data appeal when it receives notice of provisional certification. See Chapter 4.5, “Erroneous Data Appeal,” for detailed information on provisional certification and erroneous data appeals.
Page 3.1 - 22
Claim Default/ Type Loan Reason Negam of Status Date Code Loans
Loan Repay Date
Enrollment Enrollment Status Status Date Code
Date ___/___/______
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