Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/DE19925363A1/en
Timestamp: 2020-04-05 03:50:30
Document Index: 130891669

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 8', 'art 4']

DE19925363A1 - Arrangement for directed output or introduction of light into light conductor, has at least part of transition surface between parallel boundaries with convex prismatic or convex cross-section - Google Patents
Arrangement for directed output or introduction of light into light conductor, has at least part of transition surface between parallel boundaries with convex prismatic or convex cross-section
DE19925363A1
DE19925363A1 DE1999125363 DE19925363A DE19925363A1 DE 19925363 A1 DE19925363 A1 DE 19925363A1 DE 1999125363 DE1999125363 DE 1999125363 DE 19925363 A DE19925363 A DE 19925363A DE 19925363 A1 DE19925363 A1 DE 19925363A1
DE1999125363
1999-06-02 Application filed by Hella KGAA Huek and Co filed Critical Hella KGAA Huek and Co
1999-06-02 Priority to DE1999125363 priority Critical patent/DE19925363A1/en
2000-12-07 Publication of DE19925363A1 publication Critical patent/DE19925363A1/en
The arrangement has a flat light collection part (4), e.g. of glass, quartz and/or plastic, with two parallel boundaries and a transition surface (5b, 5a) between them, whereby the shape of the interface (6) between the boundaries can be a parabola or part of an ellipse with at least one focal point. At least the part of the transition surface between the two parallel boundaries at which light from the source (2) is not totally reflected for envelope lines perpendicular to the boundaries has a convex prismatic or convex curved cross-section between the two parallel boundaries.
The invention relates to a device for targeted delivery or Introducing the light emitted by at least one illuminant into a light guide, the device being a flat one, with two has parallel boundaries provided light collecting part has a transition area between its parallel boundaries, the course or the outer contour of the boundary between the parallel boundaries and the transition surface and thus the course or the outer contour of the transition surface is polygonal or curved is, for example, the shape of a parabola or at least one Has focal part of an ellipse, and where to Inclusion of the illuminant belonging to the device for example in the focus of the ellipse or in the focus of the Parabola or eccentric to the center of an outer contour arc and preferably in the middle between the parallel boundaries an opening is provided and that Luminous collecting part made of a crystal-clear material, for example Glass, quartz and / or made of plastic.
Such a device is known from DE 24 05 386 A1 Floodlit lighting known for scales. This as a vitreous designated light collecting part has a parabola as the outer shape, in the focal point of which is arranged the illuminant forming the light source is. The light rays emitted by the illuminant should pass through Total reflection can be directed towards a scale. Near the However, such a total reflection does not occur because the angle of incidence on the inside of the transition surface is too steep and therefore the critical angle of total reflection is exceeded.
From DE 25 52 278 A1, Fig. 3, such a device is also known in which the outer contour of the transition surface between two parallel boundaries has the shape of a parabola. Here too, due to the surface lines of the outer contour of the transition surface running at right angles to the boundary lines, there is an area near which no total reflection takes place, so that part of the light emitted by the illuminant remains unused.
From DE 43 41 555 C2, Fig. 11, a device of the type mentioned in a twin arrangement is known, the outer contour of the transition surface being approximately half an ellipse and the surface lines of this transition surface again running in a straight line and at right angles to the boundaries. The light loss of the illuminant in the area, the ellipse, in which a total reflection does not take place, is largely avoided by a twin arrangement in that a illuminant is arranged in the focal points of two oppositely arranged devices and light collecting parts, so that those lost on the one light collecting part Beams can be picked up by the other light collecting part. In order to be able to completely transmit the light emitted by the illuminant, two light collecting parts must therefore be provided and the emitted light is divided.
DE 43 41 801 A1 is also a comparable device with two opposite light collecting parts and a common one Illuminant known, the outer contour of each one Parabola corresponds, but this parabola is polygonal.
"Parabola" or "Ellipse" should therefore be used in the present case such a polygonal arrangement can also be understood, in which the sides of the polygon approximated to a parabola or ellipse are arranged.
With these known devices, one can Light emitted when using an ellipse or illuminant an elliptical polygon to a certain point or Area, namely the second focal point, or approximately strip-shaped Steer in parallel using a parabolic outer contour. Here however, it must be accepted that the peripheral area or the transition area near the illuminant none has a totally reflective effect because of the angle of incidence is too steep on the inside of the outer contour and the critical angle the total reflection exceeds.
There is therefore the task of a device of the beginning to create the type with which on a light collecting part higher luminous efficacy in the direction of its radiation is possible.
To solve this problem is the device mentioned characterized in that at least part of the transition surface between the two parallel boundaries in which that of the light going out at right angles to the Boundary lines running across boundaries would not be totally reflected, a convex prismatic or convex curved cross section between the two parallel boundaries and that at least the part of the inner wall of the lamp facing this area receiving opening so convex towards the center of this opening is curved or polygonal that the bulb above one containing this illuminant, parallel to the Limits emitted light above this plane Level and that of the lamp below this level emitted light below the level on the inside The outer contour of the light collecting part meets.
Because the surface lines of the outer contour are no longer in this area straight and perpendicular to the outer boundaries, but convex curved or convex polygonal or prismatic are obtained with a corresponding shape of the convex curvature or prismatic design of the minimum angle for a total reflection tion, so that now this area, in which normally a Total reflection can not take place, for total reflection of the light emitted by the illuminant can be used, which increases the yield. As a cross section of the transition area a cutting plane becomes perpendicular to the two parallel ones and usually flat boundaries or their surfaces understood, so that this "cross-section" the rectangular in such Corresponding plane surface lines. The transition area thus includes one with the outside boundary symmetrical arrangement same angle, which is greater than 90 ° is, while in the prior art this angle between the parallel boundaries and the transition surface in cross section is 90 ° each.
For easy manufacturing and uniform light output it is favorable if the lamp or its light source in the essentially in the middle between the two parallel boundaries or is arranged symmetrically to this center in the opening. As a result, the above-mentioned plane is parallel from both Boundaries have the same distance. Then proceeds accordingly also the most far from the parallel boundaries externally offset extent in this middle plane.
A relatively easy to manufacture form of the lamp can provide that the convex prismatic cross section of the transition surface a prism with a between the two parallel boundaries Angle is 90 °, the edge of this prism in the plane the device in which the illuminant runs entirely or in is essentially arranged. This preferably results in a course this edge of the following the outer contour of the transition surface Prisms in one in the middle between the two parallel ones Limits median plane, so that from the edge of the prism outgoing prism surfaces are each the same size and accordingly the limits of the two parallel limits lie congruently one above the other and parabolas of the same size or Ellipse pieces or circular arc pieces or corresponding polygons form.
The one with a prismatic or rounded cross-section Transition area can be on the outside of the entire light collecting part to its light exit point or to the light coupling point run. The one with rounded or prismatic cross-section The outer contour can be this cross-sectional shape or accordingly curved or angular surface lines also in the area maintain the light collecting part, in which also a total reflection occurs when the cross section of the transition surface is straight and is perpendicular to the boundaries. One about the entire circumference of the light collecting part of the same prismatic Cross section of the transition surface facilitates the manufacture and avoids a possible transition surface from the prism into a transition surface provided with straight surface lines, what but would also be possible.
The at the opening for receiving the lamp or the Light source provided, directed away from the illuminant Curvature can extend over part of the circumference of the opening and the limitation of the opening in the direction of radiation can one have a straight cross-section, the surface lines of which are straight and run perpendicular to the two flat and level boundaries. This ensures that the light emitted in the direction of radiation at the interface between the opening and the material of the Light collecting part can enter largely straightforward, while it to the opposite side in support of the Total reflection slightly broken and on the inside of the prismatic transition area is steered. You can choose between the curved and rectilinear portion of the opening corresponding gradual transition may be provided.
Due to the geometric conditions, it is useful if the greater part of the perimeter of the opening one toward the center of the opening towards convex curved surface with oblique or curved Has surface lines and the curvature of these surface lines in circumference direction to the area with straight surface lines gradually decreases.
Especially when combining one or more of the above Characteristics and measures described result from the prismatic or convex rounded transition surface between the two parallel and plane boundaries also close to that Illuminant a total reflection of the rays, which in turn are totally reflected on the inside at the parallel boundaries, so that they also reach the light exit surface and thereby an increased luminous efficacy can be achieved. Doing so take advantage of the invention that the rays within the light collection some do not have to be parallel to the limits, but also total of these parallel limitations be reflected. The light exit surface of the device can doing either for a flat or even largely point-shaped Spotlights are used, namely when the light collecting part as only light guide is provided, or it can on the Light exit surface of the light collecting part a coupling with a additional light guides can be provided. Especially in the case of one Partially elliptical outer contour of the transition surface - at the same time prismatic or convex rounded cross-sectional shape - can do that Light onto another light guide with a small cross-section, For example, a fiber optic light guide can be bundled can then route it to a remote location.
Below are exemplary embodiments of the invention based on the Drawing described in more detail. It shows in a highly schematic Presentation:
Fig. 1 shows a device with a light-collecting part, which has a partially elliptical outer contour in the area of a lamp, in the focal point of which the lamp is arranged within an opening, with a view of one of the two parallel boundaries of the light-collecting part, for example two beam paths emitted by the lamp are indicated
Fig. 2 is a side view of the device of FIG. 1 with a view to parallel to a prismatic transition area between the two boundaries formed edge and, in turn, two light beams,
Fig. 3 in an enlarged scale a partial cross-sectional view of the light collection portion of the device of FIG. 1 in the area of the bulb-receiving aperture according to the line AA in Fig. 1, wherein a light beam of the light bulb is exemplified,
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a modified embodiment of the invention, wherein the outer contour of the transition area located between two parallel boundaries corresponds approximately to a parabola, two parallel extensions connect to the ends of which, in turn, facing one of the two parallel boundaries
Fig. 5 is a side view of the light collecting part shown in Fig. 4 with. View of the edge formed on the transition surface due to its prismatic design as well
Fig. 6 in an enlarged scale a cross section along the line BB in Fig. 4.
In the two exemplary embodiments described below of a device designated as a whole by 1 , parts, surfaces or areas that have the same function receive the same reference numbers even with a somewhat modified design.
In both exemplary embodiments, the device 1 includes an illuminant 2 , the light of which is emitted or introduced into a light guide, with a flat light collecting part 4 provided with two parallel boundaries 3 ( FIGS. 2 and 5) being provided as such a light guide.
Especially in FIGS. 2 and 3 on the one hand and in FIGS. 5 and 6 on the other hand, it can be seen that this light collecting part 4 between its parallel boundaries 3 each has a transition surface to be explained in more detail, generally designated 5 , the course or the outer contour of the boundary 6, which can again be seen in FIGS. 1 and 4, between the parallel boundaries 3 and this transition surface 5 and thus also the course or the outer contour of this transition surface 5 itself is arcuate. However, this contour could also be polygonal in such a way that the polygon approximates the corresponding arc.
In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, a part of an ellipse having a focal point, approximately half such an ellipse, is provided for the outer contour or the course of this boundary 6 and thus also the transition surface 5 , while FIG. 4 shows an arrangement in which this outer contour has the shape of a parabola, to each of which two continuations 7 follow. In Fig. 4, these extensions 7 are parallel to each other, while in Fig. 1 at the ends of the ellipse part obliquely extending extensions 7 limit the light collecting part 4 in some areas. Also in the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the illuminant 2 , as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, is arranged in the focal point of the parabola.
If the outer contour mentioned were an arc, the illuminant 2 would be arranged eccentrically to the center of such a circle.
According to FIGS. 1 and 3 and FIGS. 4 and 6, an opening 8 extending between the parallel boundaries 3 and generally open on both sides is provided, in the center of which the illuminant 2 is arranged in each case. This opening 8 has an approximately circular outline, that is, its wall 8 a and 8 b extending between the parallel boundaries 3 maintains approximately the same distance from the illuminant 2 .
The light collecting part 4 also consists of a crystal-clear material, for example made of glass, quartz and / or plastic.
The arrangement of the illuminant 2 and thus also the opening 8 in the area of the respective focal point of the outer contour results in this area, in which the illuminant 2 is very close to the outer contour, between the rays emitted by the illuminant 2 and the inside of this outer contour or This transition surface 5 each has an angle which is so large and steep that the critical angle is exceeded, at which a total reflection still takes place.
So that total reflection with a corresponding angle is still possible in this area, it is provided in both embodiments that at least the part of the transition surface 5 between the two parallel boundaries 3 , in which the light coming from the illuminant 2 is perpendicular to the boundaries 3 extending surface lines of the transition surface 5 would not be totally reflected, the convex prismatic cross section recognizable especially in FIGS. 2 and 3 and 5 and 6 between the two parallel boundaries 3 - at least over part of the thickness of the light collecting part 4 or the distance between the two Has limitations 3 . Instead of the prismatic cross-section, in which the corresponding surface line does not run at right angles to the two boundaries 3 , but at a larger angle to it and has two sections 5 a and 5 b, which in turn has an angle and thus a parallel to the transition surface 5 Form border 6 extending edge 9 , a convexly curved cross-section could also be provided in this area, the curvature in turn being partially elliptical, parabolic, circular arc-shaped or in some other suitable manner. As a result, the inside of this transition surface 5 is angled so that rays emitted by the illuminant 2 nevertheless strike at an angle which gives a total reflection. This can be seen while viewing a first output from the lamps 2 the light beam 10 in Fig. 1, the very near in the lamps 2 area on the transfer surface 5 and, according to FIG. 3, first the section 5 b at an angle of incident which 5 a said transition surface 5 of which it is again totally internally reflected and that on one of the stops 3 causes of FIG. 3, a total reflection on the second portion. In this case, this light beam 10 also shown in FIG. 3 falls onto an area of a parallel boundary 3 of the light collecting part 4 located outside the opening 8 , which in turn can be seen in FIG. 1.
Similarly, a beam 11 is reflected several times. Rays 10 and 11 are also indicated in FIG. 4 and are totally reflected in the same way. Only the last reflection leads due to the elliptical profile of the transition area 5 to a bundling of these rays 10 and 11, while the parabolic outer contour leads 5 of Fig. 4 to the fact that the reflected and then emitted rays are directed parallel to its last reflection 10 and 11 .
A further special feature can be seen especially in FIGS. 3 and 6, which promote, promote or enable the total reflection of the rays emitted by the illuminant 2 even in a region very close to the respective illuminant. This is done in that at least that part of the inner wall 8 a of the opening 8 receiving the illuminant 2 towards the middle of this opening 8 is at least partially convexly curved or polygonal in that area that the one of the illuminant 2 contains one of this illuminant 2 , parallel to the boundaries 3 imaginary plane emitted light above this level and the light emitted by the illuminant 2 below this level below the plane meets the inside of the outer contour or transition surface 5 of the light collecting part 4 . This can be clearly seen in FIG. 3 on the basis of the beam 10 . The beam 10 emanating from the illuminant is inclined somewhat obliquely from the corresponding center to the left and also strikes the section 5 b of the prismatic transition surface 5 on the left in this drawing. Analogously, a beam that runs obliquely to the other side would first strike region 5 a. This happens above all in that the convexly curved inner wall 8 a deflects this beam 10 somewhat and prevents it from hitting the transition surface 5 or its section 5 b at an excessively large angle. The convex curvature of the inner wall 8 a thus contributes to the fact that the angle for a total reflection at the area 5 b is not exceeded, but rather the light is used accordingly. The convex curvature shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, in which the surface lines of this inner wall section 8 a are curved accordingly, could also have a modified curvature or be polygonal.
It is provided in both embodiments that the illuminant 2 or its light source is arranged substantially in the middle between the two parallel boundaries 3 or symmetrically to this center in the opening 8 , so that the imaginary plane mentioned between the two boundaries 3 of these each has the same distance and runs parallel to them.
At the same time it is provided that the convex prismatic cross section of the transition surface 5 with the two sections 5 a and 5 b forming the edge 9 between the two parallel boundaries 3 is a prism with an angle of 90 °. The edge 9 of this prism thus runs in the plane of the device 1 or the light collecting part 4 , in which the illuminant 2 is arranged entirely or essentially.
When viewing FIGS. 1 and 2 or FIGS. 4 and 5 at the same time, it becomes clear that in both exemplary embodiments the transition surface 5 provided with a prismatic - or optionally rounded - cross section on the outside of the entire light collecting part 4 up to its light exit point 12 , which also could be a light coupling point. Fig. 1 shows that this light exit point 12 can simultaneously be the light coupling point to a further light guide 13 , which could extend over any length, also as a flexible light guide. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, the light exit point 12 between the extensions 7 is used for illumination, but a further light guide 13 could also be provided there.
In FIGS. 3 and 6 it can be seen that the provided at the opening 8 for receiving the lighting means 2 or the light source curvature of the wall is directed away 5 a each of the lamps 2, that is, in the plane in which the lamps 2 is located, the curved wall 8 a is closest to the illuminant and then moves away more and more due to the curvature on both sides.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4 while this is provided with a curvature of wall portion 8 extends a only a part of the periphery of the opening 8, while the wall 8b of the opening 8 in the radiation direction, ie towards the light exit point 12 side, a rectilinear cross-section has, so that the surface lines of the inner wall 8 b extend straight and at right angles to the two flat and flat boundaries 3 . This course of the surface line in the inner wall region 8 b can again be seen in FIGS. 3 and 6. The curvature of the surface lines can be dispensed with in this area of the opening 8 , because the light rays incident in this direction from the illuminant 2 do not necessarily have to be directed to a specific location or half of the prismatic transition surface 5 . It is important that 5 would be no total reflection in the region in which in non-prismatic and not convexly curved design of the transition surface by the curvature of the inner wall 8a of the opening 8 there falling light rays 10 in the transition from the opening 8 in the light collecting part 4 somewhat broken and thus directed onto the transition surface 5 at the angle of total reflection.
In Fig. 1 and 4 can be seen further, that the greater part 8 has the periphery of the opening, a convexly curved toward the center of the opening 8 surface with inclined or curved surface lines and the curvature of this surface lines in the circumferential direction to the straight generating lines having area gradually decreases, which leads to a correspondingly smooth transition.
By designing the transition surface 5 as a prism or in another manner with a convexly curved surface line, such a total reflection of further light rays is also possible in the area very close to the illuminant, where a total reflection of the rays of the illuminant 2 can no longer take place, so that the light yield of the device 1 is increased by this design and the associated angle ratios in the area of the incident rays 10 .
The device 1 is used for the targeted delivery or introduction of the light of an illuminant 2 into a light guide forming a light collecting part 4 , which is flat and provided with two parallel plane boundaries 3 . The transition surface 5 located between its parallel boundaries 3 and the boundary 6 between this transition surface 5 and the parallel boundaries 3 thereby forms a parabola, ellipse, an arc or a polygon approximating to such curves, with the focus of such an ellipse or parabola or eccentric to The center of a circular arc, the light-emitting illuminant 2 is arranged in an opening 8 . So that total reflection of the light is also achieved in the area near this focal point or the illuminant 2 , at least in this area the transition surface 5 between the two parallel boundaries 3 is designed to be convex, prismatic or convexly curved, that is to say those running between the boundaries 6 Surface lines form an angle with each other or run on an arc. This results in a sufficiently small angle between the light incident here and the transition surface 5 on the inside to achieve total reflection and thus a good light yield.
1. Device ( 1 ) for deliberately emitting or introducing the light coming from at least one illuminant into a light guide, the device having a flat light-collecting part ( 4 ) provided with two parallel boundaries ( 3 ), which between its parallel boundaries ( 3 ) has a transition surface ( 5 ), the course or the outer contour of the boundary ( 6 ) between the parallel boundaries ( 3 ) and the transition surface ( 5 ) and thus the course or the outer contour of the transition surface ( 5 ) being polygonal or curved, for example has the shape of a parabola or of a part of an ellipse having at least one focal point, and wherein for receiving the light belonging to the device by means of ( 2 ), for example in the focal point of the ellipse or in the focal point of the parabola or eccentrically to the center of an arc forming the outer contour and preferably in the middle between the parallel boundaries ( 3 ) an opening ( 8 ) is provided and the light collecting part ( 4 ) consists of a crystal-clear material, for example of glass, quartz and / or plastic, characterized in that at least the part of the transition surface ( 5 ) between the two parallel boundaries ( 3 ), in which the light emanating from the illuminant ( 2 ) would not be totally reflected if the surface lines were perpendicular to the boundaries ( 3 ), had a convex prismatic or convex curved cross-section between the two parallel boundaries ( 3 ).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the area in which the light would not be totally reflected in the surface lines at right angles to the boundaries ( 3 ), part of the inner wall ( 8 a) facing the illuminant ( 2 ) receiving opening ( 8 ) towards the center of this opening ( 8 ) is convexly curved or polygonal in such a way that the light emitted by the illuminant ( 2 ) above an imaginary plane running parallel to the boundaries ( 3 ) and containing this illuminant ( 2 ) Above this level and the light emitted by the illuminant ( 2 ) below this level on the inside meets the outer contour or transition surface ( 5 ) of the light collecting part ( 4 ) or light guide.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the illuminant ( 2 ) or its light source is arranged substantially in the middle between the two parallel boundaries ( 3 ) or symmetrically to this center in the opening ( 8 ).
4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the convex prismatic cross section of the transition surface ( 5 ) between the two parallel boundaries ( 3 ) is a prism with an angle of 90 °, the edge ( 9 ) of this prism runs in the plane of the device ( 1 ) in which the illuminant ( 2 ) is arranged entirely or essentially.
5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the prismatic or rounded cross-section provided transition surface ( 8 ) on the outside of the entire light collecting part ( 4 ) to its light exit point ( 12 ) or to the light coupling point.
6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the provided at the opening ( 8 ) for receiving the lamp ( 2 ) or the light source, of the lamp ( 2 ) each directed away over a part of the circumference of the opening ( 8 ) and that the wall ( 8 b) of the opening ( 8 ) in the direction of radiation has a rectilinear cross-section, the surface lines of which are straight and at right angles to the two flat and flat boundaries ( 3 ).
7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the greater part of the circumference of the opening ( 8 ) towards the center of the opening ( 8 ) has a convexly curved surface with oblique or curved surface lines and the curvature of these surface lines in The circumferential direction to the area having straight surface lines gradually decreases.
DE1999125363 1999-06-02 1999-06-02 Arrangement for directed output or introduction of light into light conductor, has at least part of transition surface between parallel boundaries with convex prismatic or convex cross-section Withdrawn DE19925363A1 (en)
DE1999125363 DE19925363A1 (en) 1999-06-02 1999-06-02 Arrangement for directed output or introduction of light into light conductor, has at least part of transition surface between parallel boundaries with convex prismatic or convex cross-section
DE19925363A1 true DE19925363A1 (en) 2000-12-07
ID=7910079
DE1999125363 Withdrawn DE19925363A1 (en) 1999-06-02 1999-06-02 Arrangement for directed output or introduction of light into light conductor, has at least part of transition surface between parallel boundaries with convex prismatic or convex cross-section
DE (1) DE19925363A1 (en)
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1999-06-02 DE DE1999125363 patent/DE19925363A1/en not_active Withdrawn
BLUMENFELD,A.M., JONES,S.E.: Parts That Glow. In: Machine Design, Oct. 29, 1959, S.94-103 *
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