Source: http://mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/index.php?title=MHA_1983_s37&amp;action=edit
Timestamp: 2019-07-16 06:20:41
Document Index: 34536399

Matched Legal Cases: ['EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'art 12', 'art 1']

MHA 1983 s37 - Mental Health Law Online
MHA 1983 s37
See Hospital order, Restriction order, Restricted patient, Notional s37.
See Power to specify hospital units
AG's ref (nos 37, 38 and 65 of 2010) sub nom R v Khan [2010] EWCA Crim 2880 — Sentencing case which includes an illustration of the principle that there is no presumption that a hospital order will be made as a consequence of the satisfaction of the conditions in s37(2). The court noted that 'there were recognised symptoms of a depressive illness which in Mrs Khan's case were absent or equivocal. She was sleeping well; she could concentrate; she had been fit to give evidence but declined to do so; she was selective in her submission to treatment. These features of Mrs Khan's illness were relevant to her ability to serve a sentence of imprisonment which, as the judge found, was richly deserved. This was not a case in respect of which it could be argued that Mrs Khan's mental condition had any causative influence upon her offending.'
R (DB) v Nottingham Healthcare NHS Trust [2008] EWCA Civ 1354 — A hospital order under s37 ceases to have effect if the offender is not admitted to the named hospital within 28 days; unless the offender is to be immediately conveyed from court to hospital, the "place of safety" power in s37(4) must be expressly exercised.
R v Rogerson [2004] EWCA Crim 2099 — Although it was lawful to pass sentences of imprisonment and a hospital order under s37 at the same time, it was a matter of obvious impracticability for them both to be simultaneously carried out; the sentences of imprisonment were inappropriate and therefore quashed.
And cases from the new database, where the Summary contains a link to this page:
R v LV; R (LV) v SSJ [2015] EWCA Crim 45, [2015] EWCA Civ 56 Sentencing guidance; MHT/PB delay "There are before the court: (1) Sitting as the Court of Appeal Criminal Division six cases where indeterminate sentences (either imprisonment for public protection (IPP) or a life sentence) had been passed between 1997 and 2008. Each specified a minimum term. In each case there was psychiatric evidence before the court with a view to a judge considering making a hospital order under MHA 1983 s37 as amended with a restriction under s41 of the same Act. The sentencing judge did not make such an order, but each was subsequently transferred to hospital under a transfer direction made by the Secretary of State under s47. (2) Sitting as the Court of Appeal Civil Division, a civil appeal in relation to a judicial review brought by the first of the appellants in the criminal appeals of the actions of the Secretary of State for Justice and the Parole Board relating to delay in the determination of her application for release from custody." In relation to the criminal aspect: in cases where medical evidence suggests mental disorder, the offending is partly or wholly attributable to that disorder, treatment is available and a hospital order may be appropriate, the court should consider (and, if appropriate, make) a s45A order before considering making a hospital order.
Reference Guide to the Mental Health Act 1983, 4. Hospital orders [Note that the chapter number relates to the old Reference Guide], 19. Guardianship and guardianship orders [Note that the chapter number relates to the old Reference Guide] — chapter 4 (hospital orders); paragraphs 19.60 to 19.66 (guardianship orders)
Mental Health Act 1983 Code Of Practice for England, 26. Guardianship 241, 33. Patients concerned with criminal proceedings
Powers of court to order hospital admission or guardianship
37.—(1) Where a person is convicted before the Crown Court of an offence punishable with imprisonment other than an offence the sentence for which is fixed by law [...][1] or is convicted by a magistrates’ court of an offence punishable on summary conviction with imprisonment, and the conditions mentioned in subsection (2) below are satisfied, the court may by order authorise his admission to and detention in such hospital as may be specified in the order or, as the case may be, place him under the guardianship of a local social services authority or of such other person approved by a local social services authority as may be so specified.
[(1A) In the case of an offence the sentence for which would otherwise fall to be imposed—
(a) under section 51A(2) of the Firearms Act 1968,
(b) under section 110(2) or 111(2) of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000, [...][2]
(c) under [section 225(2) or 226(2)][3] of the Criminal Justice Act 2003, [or
(d) under section 29(4) or (6) of the Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 (minimum sentences in certain cases of using someone to mind a weapon),][2]
nothing in those provisions shall prevent a court from making an order under subsection (1) above for the admission of the offender to a hospital.
(1B) References in subsection (1A) above to a sentence falling to be imposed under any of the provisions mentioned in that subsection are to be read in accordance with section 305(4) of the Criminal Justice Act 2003.][1]
(a) the court is satisfied, on the written or oral evidence of two registered medical practitioners, that the offender is suffering from [mental disorder][4] and that either—
(i) the mental disorder from which the offender is suffering is of a nature or degree which makes it appropriate for him to be detained in a hospital for medical treatment and [appropriate medical treatment is available for him; or][4]
(ii) in the case of an offender who has attained the age of 16 years, the mental disorder is of a nature or degree which warrants his reception into guardianship under this Act; and
(b) the court is of the opinion, having regard to all the circumstances including the nature of the offence and the character and antecedents of the offender, and to the other available methods of dealing with him, that the most suitable method of disposing of the case is by means of an order under this section.
(3) Where a person is charged before a magistrates’ court with any act or omission as an offence and the court would have power, on convicting him of that offence, to make an order under subsection (1) above in his case [...],[4] then, if the court is satisfied that the accused did the act or made the omission charged, the court may, if it thinks fit, make such an order without convicting him.
(4) An order for the admission of an offender to a hospital (in this Act referred to as "a hospital order") shall not be made under this section unless the court is satisfied on the written or oral evidence of the [approved clinician who would have overall responsibility for his case][4] or of some other person representing the managers of the hospital that arrangements have been made for his admission to that hospital [...][5], and for his admission to it within the period of 28 days beginning with the date of the making of such an order; and the court may, pending his admission within that period, give such directions as it thinks fit for his conveyance to and detention in a place of safety.
(5) If within the said period of 28 days it appears to the Secretary of State that by reason of an emergency or other special circumstances it is not practicable for the patient to be received into the hospital specified in the order, he may give directions for the admission of the patient to such other hospital as appears to be appropriate instead of the hospital so specified; and where such directions are given—
(b) the hospital order shall have effect as if the hospital specified in the directions were substituted for the hospital specified in the order.
(6) An order placing an offender under the guardianship of a local social services authority or of any other person (in this Act referred to as "a guardianship order") shall not be made under this section unless the court is satisfied that that authority or person is willing to receive the offender into guardianship.
(7) [...][4]
(8) Where an order is made under this section, the court [shall not-
(a) pass sentence of imprisonment or impose a fine or make a [community order (within the meaning of Part 12 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003)][1] [or a youth rehabilitation order (within the meaning of Part 1 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008)][6] in respect of the offence,
(b) if the order under this section is a hospital order, make a referral order (within the meaning of [the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000][7]) in respect of the offence, or
(c) make in respect of the offender [[...][6] an order under section 150 of that Act (binding over of parent or guardian)],[7]
but the court may make any other order which it][8] has power to make apart from this section; and for the purposes of this subsection "sentence of imprisonment" includes any sentence or order for detention.
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Criminal Justice Act 2003
↑ 2.0 2.1 Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 wef 6/4/07
↑ Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 wef 14/7/08
↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Mental Health Act 2007 s1 & sch 1, s4, s10, s55 & sch 11; Mental Health Act 2007 (Commencement No.7 and Transitional Provisions) Order 2008 wef 3/11/08
↑ 6.0 6.1 Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 sch 4 para 30, by Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (Commencement No.13 and Transitory Provision) Order 2009, wef 30/11/09
↑ 7.0 7.1 Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000
↑ Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999
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This page was last edited on 23 November 2008, at 18:27.