Source: https://chowinslaw.com/resources/texas-business-laws/296-shareholder-meetings-texas-business-organizations
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 04:44:35
Document Index: 519185845

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 6', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 6', '§ 21', '§ 6', '§ 21', '§ 6', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 11', '§ 11', '§ 11', '§ 11', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 6', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 3', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21', '§ 21']

Shareholder Meetings - Texas Business Organizations - Chowins Law Firm, PLLC | Chowins Law Firm, PLLC
Shareholder Meetings - Texas Business Organizations
SHAREHOLDERS' MEETINGS; NOTICE TO SHAREHOLDERS; VOTING AND QUORUM
§ 21.351. ANNUAL MEETING.
(a) An annual meeting of the SHAREHOLDERS of a corporation shall be held at a time that is stated in or set in accordance with the corporation's bylaws.
(b) On the application of a shareholder who has previously submitted a written request to the corporation that an annual meeting be held, a court in the county in which the principal executive office of the corporation is located may order a meeting to be held if the annual meeting is not held or written consent instead of the annual meeting is not executed within any 13-month period, unless the meeting is not required to be held under § 21.655.
(c) The failure to hold an annual meeting at the designated time does not result in the winding up or termination of the corporation.
§ 21.352. SPECIAL MEETINGS.
(a) A special meeting of the shareholders of a corporation may be called by:
(1) the president, the board of directors, or any other person authorized to call special meetings by the certificate of formation or bylaws of the corporation; or
(2) the holders of the percentage of shares specified in the certificate of formation, not to exceed 50 percent of the shares entitled to vote or, if no percentage is specified, at least 10 percent of all of the shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the proposed special meeting.
(b) Unless stated in or set in accordance with the bylaws, the record date for determining which shareholders of the corporation are entitled to call a special meeting is the date the first shareholder signs the notice of that meeting.
(c) Other than procedural matters, the only business that may be conducted at a special meeting of the shareholders is business that is within the purposes described in the notice required by § 21.353.
§ 21.353. NOTICE OF MEETING.
(a) Except as provided by § 21.456 and subject to § 21.3531, written notice of a meeting in accordance with § 6.051 shall be given to each shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting not later than the 10th day and not earlier than the 60th day before the date of the meeting. Notice shall be given at the direction of the president, secretary, or other person calling the meeting.
(c) If a meeting is held by means of remote communication, the notice of the meeting must include information on how to access the list of shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting required by § 21.372.
§ 21.3531. NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION.
(a) On consent of a shareholder, notice from a corporation under this code, the certificate of formation, or the bylaws may be provided to the shareholder by electronic transmission. The shareholder may specify the form of electronic transmission to be used to communicate notice.
(b) Notice is considered provided under this § when the notice is:
(1) transmitted to a facsimile number provided by the shareholder for the purpose of receiving notice;
(2) transmitted to an electronic mail address provided by the shareholder for the purpose of receiving notice;
(3) posted on an electronic network and a message is sent to the shareholder at the address provided by the shareholder for the purpose of alerting the shareholder of a posting; or
(4) communicated to the shareholder by any other form of electronic transmission consented to by the shareholder.
(c) A shareholder may revoke the shareholder's consent to receive notice by electronic transmission by providing written notice to the corporation. The shareholder's consent is considered revoked for purposes of Subsection (a) if the corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices, and the secretary, assistant secretary, or transfer agent of the corporation, or another person responsible for delivering notice on behalf of the corporation, knows that delivery of those two electronic transmissions was unsuccessful. Inadvertent failure to treat the unsuccessful transmissions as a revocation of the shareholder's consent does not affect the validity of a meeting or other action.
(d) An affidavit of the secretary, assistant secretary, transfer agent, or other agent of a corporation stating that notice has been provided to a shareholder of the corporation by electronic transmission is, in the absence of fraud, prima facie evidence that the notice was provided under this section.
§ 21.354. INSPECTION OF VOTING LIST.
(a) The list of shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting prepared under § 21.372 shall be:
(1) subject to inspection by a shareholder during regular business hours; and
(2) produced and kept open at the meeting.
(a-1) If a meeting of the shareholders is held by means of remote communication, the list must be open to inspection by a shareholder during the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network.
(b) The original share transfer records are prima facie evidence of which shareholders are entitled to inspect the list.
§ 21.355. CLOSING OF SHARE TRANSFER RECORDS.
Share transfer records that are closed in accordance with § 6.101 for the purpose of determining which shareholders are entitled to receive notice of a meeting of shareholders shall remain closed for at least 10 days immediately preceding the date of the meeting.
§ 21.356. RECORD DATE FOR WRITTEN CONSENT TO ACTION.
The record date provided in accordance with § 6.102(a) may not be more than 10 days after the date on which the board of directors adopts the resolution setting the record date.
§ 21.357. RECORD DATE FOR PURPOSE OF SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING.
The record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a shareholders' meeting or any adjournment of the meeting, as provided by the directors in accordance with § 6.101, must be at least 10 days before the date of the shareholders' meeting.
§ 21.358. QUORUM.
(a) Subject to Subsection (b), the holders of the majority of the shares entitled to vote at a meeting of the shareholders of a corporation that are present or represented by proxy at the meeting are a quorum for the consideration of a matter to be presented at that meeting.
(b) The certificate of formation of a corporation may provide that a quorum is present only if:
(c) Unless provided by the certificate of formation or bylaws of the corporation, after a quorum is present at a meeting of shareholders, the shareholders may conduct business properly brought before the meeting until the meeting is adjourned. The subsequent withdrawal from the meeting of a shareholder or the refusal of a shareholder present at or represented by proxy at the meeting to vote does not negate the presence of a quorum at the meeting.
(d) Unless provided by the certificate of formation or bylaws, the shareholders of the corporation at a meeting at which a quorum is not present may adjourn the meeting until the time and to the place as may be determined by a vote of the holders of the majority of the shares who are present or represented by proxy at the meeting.
§ 21.359. VOTING IN ELECTION OF DIRECTORS.
(a) Subject to Subsection (b), directors of a corporation shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of shares entitled to vote in the election of directors at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present.
(b) The certificate of formation or bylaws of a corporation may provide that a director of a corporation shall be elected only if the director receives:
(1) the vote of the holders of a specified portion, but not less than the majority, of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors;
(2) the vote of the holders of a specified portion, but not less than the majority, of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors and represented in person or by proxy at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present; or
(3) the vote of the holders of a specified portion, but not less than the majority, of the votes cast by the holders of shares entitled to vote in the election of directors at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present.
§ 21.360. NO CUMULATIVE VOTING RIGHT UNLESS AUTHORIZED.
Except as provided by § 21.361 or 21.362, a shareholder does not have the right to cumulate the shareholder's vote in the election of directors.
§ 21.361. CUMULATIVE VOTING IN ELECTION OF DIRECTORS.
(a) At each election of directors of the corporation, each shareholder entitled to vote at the election is entitled to:
(1) vote the number of shares owned by the shareholder for as many candidates as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the shareholder is entitled to vote; or
(2) if expressly authorized by a corporation's certificate of formation in general or with respect to a specified class or series of shares or group of classes or series of shares and subject to Subsections (b) and (c), cumulate votes by:
(A) giving one candidate as many votes as the total of the number of the directors to be elected multiplied by the shareholder's shares; or
(B) distributing the votes among one or more candidates using the same principle.
(b) Cumulative voting permitted by the certificate of formation is permitted only in an election of directors in which a shareholder who intends to cumulate votes has given written notice of that intention to the secretary of the corporation on or before the day preceding the date of the election at which the shareholder intends to cumulate votes.
(c) All shareholders entitled to vote cumulatively may cumulate their votes if a shareholder gives the notice required by Subsection (b).
§ 21.362. CUMULATIVE VOTING RIGHT IN CERTAIN CORPORATIONS.
Except as provided by the corporation's certificate of formation, a shareholder of a corporation incorporated before September 1, 2003, has the right to cumulatively vote the number of shares the shareholder owns in the election of directors to the extent permitted and in the manner provided by § 21.361. A corporation may limit or deny a shareholder's right to cumulatively vote shares at any time after September 1, 2003, by amending its certificate of formation.
§ 21.363. VOTING ON MATTERS OTHER THAN ELECTION OF DIRECTORS.
(a) Subject to Subsection (b), with respect to a matter other than the election of directors or a matter for which the affirmative vote of the holders of a specified portion of the shares entitled to vote is required by this code, the affirmative vote of the holders of the majority of the shares entitled to vote on, and who voted for, against, or expressly abstained with respect to, the matter at a shareholders' meeting of a corporation at which a quorum is present is the act of the shareholders.
(b) With respect to a matter other than the election of directors or a matter for which the affirmative vote of the holders of a specified portion of the shares entitled to vote is required by this code, the certificate of formation or bylaws of a corporation may provide that the act of the shareholders of the corporation is:
§ 21.364. VOTE REQUIRED TO APPROVE FUNDAMENTAL ACTION.
(a) In this section, a "fundamental action" means:
(1) an amendment of a certificate of formation, including an amendment required for cancellation of an event requiring winding up in accordance with § 11.152(b);
(3) a revocation of a voluntary decision to wind up under § 11.151;
(4) a cancellation of an event requiring winding up under § 11.152(a); or
(5) a reinstatement under § 11.202.
(b) Except as otherwise provided by this code or the certificate of formation of a corporation in accordance with § 21.365, the vote required for approval of a fundamental action by the shareholders is the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the fundamental action.
(c) If a class or series of shares is entitled to vote as a class or series on a fundamental action, the vote required for approval of the action by the shareholders is the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares in each class or series of shares entitled to vote on the action as a class or series and at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares otherwise entitled to vote on the action. Shares entitled to vote as a class or series shall be entitled to vote only as a class or series unless otherwise entitled to vote on each matter submitted to the shareholders generally or otherwise provided by the certificate of formation.
(d) Unless an amendment to the certificate of formation is undertaken by the board of directors under § 21.155, separate voting by a class or series of shares of a corporation is required for approval of an amendment to the certificate of formation that would result in:
(2) the increase or decrease of the par value of the shares of the class or series, including changing shares with par value into shares without par value or changing shares without par value into shares with par value;
(11) the limitation or denial of existing preemptive rights or cumulative voting rights of the shares of the class or series;
(12) canceling or otherwise affecting the dividends on the shares of the class or series that have accrued but have not been declared; or
(13) the inclusion or deletion from the certificate of formation of provisions required or permitted to be included in the certificate of formation of a close corporation under Subchapter O.
(e) The vote required under Subsection (d) by a class or series of shares of a corporation is required notwithstanding that shares of that class or series do not otherwise have a right to vote under the certificate of formation.
(f) Unless otherwise provided by the certificate of formation, if the holders of the outstanding shares of a class that is divided into series are entitled to vote as a class on a proposed amendment that would affect equally all series of the class, other than a series in which no shares are outstanding or a series that is not affected by the amendment, the holders of the separate series are not entitled to separate class votes.
(g) Unless otherwise provided by the certificate of formation, a proposed amendment to the certificate of formation that would solely effect changes in the designations, preferences, limitations, or relative rights, including voting rights, of one or more series of shares of the corporation that have been established under the authority granted to the board of directors in the certificate of formation in accordance with § 21.155 does not require the approval of the holders of the outstanding shares of a class or series other than the affected series if, after giving effect to the amendment:
(1) the preferences, limitations, or relative rights of the affected series may be set and determined by the board of directors with respect to the establishment of a new series of shares under the authority granted to the board of directors in the certificate of formation in accordance with § 21.155; or
§ 21.365. CHANGES IN VOTE REQUIRED FOR CERTAIN MATTERS.
(a) With respect to a matter for which the affirmative vote of the holders of a specified portion of the shares entitled to vote is required by this code, the certificate of formation of a corporation may provide that the affirmative vote of the holders of a specified portion, but not less than the majority, of the shares entitled to vote on that matter is required for shareholder action on that matter.
§ 21.366. NUMBER OF VOTES PER SHARE.
(a) Except as provided by the certificate of formation of a corporation or this code, each outstanding share, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a shareholders' meeting.
§ 21.367. VOTING IN PERSON OR BY PROXY.
(a) A shareholder may vote in person or by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder.
§ 21.368. TERM OF PROXY.
A proxy is not valid after 11 months after the date the proxy is executed unless otherwise provided by the proxy.
§ 21.369. REVOCABILITY OF PROXY.
(a) In this section, a "proxy coupled with an interest" includes the appointment as proxy of:
(4) a creditor of the corporation who extended the corporation credit under terms requiring the appointment;
(5) an employee of the corporation whose employment contract requires the appointment; or
(6) a party to a voting agreement created under § 6.252 or a shareholders' agreement created under § 21.101.
§ 21.370. ENFORCEABILITY OF PROXY.
(a) An irrevocable proxy is specifically enforceable against the holder of shares or any successor or transferee of the holder if:
(2) in the case of uncertificated shares, notation of the proxy is contained in the notice sent under § 3.205 with respect to the shares subject to the proxy.
(b) An irrevocable proxy that is otherwise enforceable is ineffective against a transferee for value without actual knowledge of the existence of the irrevocable proxy at the time of the transfer or against a subsequent transferee, regardless of whether the transfer is for value, unless the proxy is:
(1) noted conspicuously on the certificate representing the shares subject to the proxy; or
§ 21.371. PROCEDURES IN BYLAWS RELATING TO PROXIES.
(a) A corporation may establish in the corporation's bylaws procedures consistent with this code for determining the validity of proxies and determining whether shares that are held of record by a bank, broker, or other nominee are represented at a meeting of shareholders. The procedures may incorporate rules of and determinations made by a stock exchange or self-regulatory organization regulating the corporation or that bank, broker, or other nominee.
(b) The bylaws may contain one or both of the following:
(1) a provision requiring that, when soliciting proxies or consents with respect to an election of directors, the corporation include in both its proxy statement and any form of its proxy or consent, in addition to individuals nominated by the board of directors, one or more individuals nominated by a shareholder, subject to any procedures or conditions as may be provided in the bylaws; and
(2) a provision requiring that the corporation reimburse expenses incurred by a shareholder in soliciting proxies or consents with respect to an election of directors so long as the provision does not apply to any election for which the record date precedes the adoption of the bylaw provision, but subject to any procedures or conditions as may be provided in the bylaws.
§ 21.372. SHAREHOLDER MEETING LIST.
(a) Not later than the 11th day before the date of each meeting of the shareholders of a corporation, an officer or agent of the corporation who is in charge of the corporation's share transfer records shall prepare an alphabetical list of the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting or at any adjournment of the meeting. The list of shareholders must:
(A) the address of each shareholder;
(B) the type of shares held by each shareholder;
(C) the number of shares held by each shareholder; and
(D) the number of votes that each shareholder is entitled to if the number of votes is different from the number of shares stated under Paragraph (C); and
(2) be kept on file at the registered office or principal executive office of the corporation for at least 10 days before the date of the meeting.
(a-1) Instead of being kept on file, the list required by Subsection (a) may be kept on a reasonably accessible electronic network if the information required to gain access to the list is provided with notice of the meeting. § 21.353(c), § 21.354(a-1), and this subsection may not be construed to require a corporation to include any electronic contact information of a shareholder on the list. A corporation that elects to make the list available on an electronic network must take reasonable measures to ensure the information is available only to shareholders of the corporation.
(b) The original share transfer records of the corporation are prima facie evidence of the shareholders of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting.
(c) Failure to comply with this § does not affect the validity of any action taken at a meeting of the shareholders of the corporation.