Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/200164931/Sales-2
Timestamp: 2019-01-24 12:14:31
Document Index: 487166158

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art. 1476', 'Art. 1484', 'Art. 1490', 'Art. 1494', 'Art. 1502', 'Art. 1504', 'Art. 1505', 'Art. 1508', 'Art. 1516']

Sales 2 | Negotiable Instrument | Implied Warranty
Uploaded by Marvin H. Taleon II
Enumerations in Sales Art. 1476.
In the case of a sale by auction: (1) Where goods are put up for sale by auction in lots, each lot is the subject of a separate contract of sale. (2) A sale by auction is perfected when the auctioneer announces its perfection by the fall of the hammer, or in other customary manner. Until such announcement is made, any bidder may retract his bid; and the auctioneer may withdraw the goods from the sale unless the auction has been announced to be without reserve. (3) A right to bid may be reserved expressly by or on behalf of the seller, unless otherwise provided by law or by stipulation. (4) Where notice has not been given that a sale by auction is subject to a right to bid on behalf of the seller, it shall not be lawful for the seller to bid himself or to employ or induce any person to bid at such sale on his behalf or for the auctioneer, to employ or induce any person to bid at such sale on behalf of the seller or knowingly to take any bid from the seller or any person employed by him. Any sale contravening this rule may be treated as fraudulent by the buyer. (n) Art. 1484. In a contract of sale of personal property the price of which is payable in installments, the vendor may exercise any of the following remedies: (1) Exact fulfillment of the obligation, should the vendee fail to pay; (2) Cancel the sale, should the vendee's failure to pay cover two or more installments; (3) Foreclose the chattel mortgage on the thing sold, if one has been constituted, should the vendee's failure to pay cover two or more installments. In this case, he shall have no further action against the purchaser to recover any unpaid balance of the price. Any agreement to the contrary shall be void. (1454-A-a) Art. 1490. The husband and the wife cannot sell property to each other, except: (1) When a separation of property was agreed upon in the marriage settlements; or (2) When there has been a judicial separation or property under Article 191. (1458a) Art. 1494. Where the parties purport a sale of specific goods, and the goods without the knowledge of the seller have perished in part or have wholly or in a material part so deteriorated in quality as to be substantially changed in character, the buyer may at his option treat the sale: (1) As avoided; or (2) As valid in all of the existing goods or in so much thereof as have not deteriorated, and as binding the buyer to pay the agreed price for the goods in which the ownership will pass, if the sale was divisible. (n) Art. 1502. When goods are delivered to the buyer "on sale or return" to give the buyer an option to return the goods instead of paying the price, the ownership passes to the buyer of delivery, but he may revest the ownership in the seller by returning or tendering the goods within the time fixed in the contract, or, if no time has been fixed, within a reasonable time. (n) When goods are delivered to the buyer on approval or on trial or on satisfaction, or other similar terms, the ownership therein passes to the buyer: (1) When he signifies his approval or acceptance to the seller or does any other act adopting the transaction; (2) If he does not signify his approval or acceptance to the seller, but retains the goods without giving notice of rejection, then if a time has been fixed for the return of the goods, on the expiration of such time, and, if no time has been fixed, on the expiration of a reasonable time. What is a reasonable time is a question of fact. (n) Art. 1504. Unless otherwise agreed, the goods remain at the seller's risk until the ownership therein is transferred to the buyer, but when the ownership therein is transferred to the buyer the goods are at the buyer's risk whether actual delivery has been made or not, except that: (1) Where delivery of the goods has been made to the buyer or to a bailee for the buyer, in pursuance of the contract and the ownership in the goods has been retained by the seller merely to secure performance by the buyer of his obligations under the contract, the goods are at the buyer's risk from the time of such delivery; (2) Where actual delivery has been delayed through the fault of either the buyer or seller the goods are at the risk of the party in fault. (n) Art. 1505. Subject to the provisions of this Title, where goods are sold by a person who is not the owner thereof, and who does not sell them under authority or with the consent of the owner, the buyer acquires no better title to the goods than the seller had, unless the owner of the goods is by his conduct precluded from denying the seller's authority to sell. Nothing in this Title, however, shall affect: (1) The provisions of any factors' act, recording laws, or any other provision of law enabling the apparent owner of goods to dispose of them as if he were the true owner thereof; (2) The validity of any contract of sale under statutory power of sale or under the order of a court of competent jurisdiction; (3) Purchases made in a merchant's store, or in fairs, or markets, in accordance with the Code of Commerce and special laws. (n) Art. 1508. A negotiable document of title may be negotiated by delivery: (1) Where by the terms of the document the carrier, warehouseman or other bailee issuing the same undertakes to deliver the goods to the bearer; or
1547. any holder may indorse the same to himself or to any specified person. and that the buyer shall from that time have and enjoy the legal and peaceful possession of the thing. (2) The income or fruits. does not lose his lien by reason only that he has obtained judgment or decree for the price of the goods. A person who for value negotiates or transfers a document of title by endorsement or delivery. A person to whom a negotiable document of title has been duly negotiated acquires thereby: (1) Such title to the goods as the person negotiating the document to him had or had ability to convey to a purchaser in good faith for value and also such title to the goods as the person to whose order the goods were to be delivered by the terms of the document had or had ability to convey to a purchaser in good faith for value. the unpaid seller of goods who is in possession of them is entitled to retain possession of them until payment or tender of the price in the following cases. (2) Where the goods have been sold on credit. (n) Art. the insolvency of the buyer. if he has been ordered to deliver them to the party who won the suit against him. 1525. and such person or a subsequent endorsee of the document has indorsed it in blank or to the bearer. and in such case the document shall thereafter be negotiated only by the endorsement of such endorsee. (2) An implied warranty that the thing shall be free from any hidden faults or defects. (n) Art. in a proper case. there is: (1) An implied warranty on the part of the seller that he has a right to sell the thing at the time when the ownership is to pass. (2) When a bill of exchange or other negotiable instrument has been received as conditional payment. 1513. warehouseman or other bailee issuing the same undertakes to deliver the goods to the order of a specified person. 1555. or is directly responsible for the price. or any other person who is in the position of a seller. Art. and (2) The direct obligation of the bailee issuing the document to hold possession of the goods for him according to the terms of the document as fully as if such bailee had contracted directly with him. and the condition on which it was received has been broken by reason of the dishonor of the instrument. or any charge or encumbrance not declared or known to the buyer. The unpaid seller of goods loses his lien thereon: (1) When he delivers the goods to a carrier or other bailee for the purpose of transmission to the buyer without reserving the ownership in the goods or the right to the possession thereof. (n) Art. (3) That he has knowledge of no fact which would impair the validity or worth of the document. warrants: (1) That the document is genuine. and. Subject to the provisions of this Title. 1527. but the term of credit has expired. (2) When the buyer or his agent lawfully obtains possession of the goods. Where by the terms of a negotiable document of title the goods are deliverable to bearer or where a negotiable document of title has been indorsed in blank or to bearer. 1529. When the warranty has been agreed upon or nothing has been stipulated on this point. (2) That he has a legal right to negotiate or transfer it. The seller of goods is deemed to be an unpaid seller within the meaning of this Title: (1) When the whole of the price has not been paid or tendered. (4) The expenses of the contract. (n) Art. unless a contrary intention appears. or (2) By any person to whom the possession or custody of the document has been entrusted by the owner. having a lien thereon. or a consignor or agent who has himself paid. In a contract of sale. Art. namely: (1) Where the goods have been sold without any stipulation as to credit. (3) The costs of the suit which caused the eviction. the vendee shall have the right to demand of the vendor: (1) The return of the value which the thing sold had at the time of the eviction. and (4) That he has a right to transfer the title to the goods and that the goods are merchantable or fit for a particular purpose. 1512. whenever such warranties would have been implied if the contract of the parties had been to transfer without a document of title the goods represented thereby. The unpaid seller of goods. A negotiable document of title may be negotiated: (1) By the owner therefor. Art. including one who assigns for value a claim secured by a document of title unless a contrary intention appears. In Articles 1525 to 1535 the term "seller" includes an agent of the seller to whom the bill of lading has been indorsed. . (3) By waiver thereof. or otherwise. or if at the time of such entrusting the document is in such form that it may be negotiated by delivery. those of the suit brought against the vendor for the warranty. if. if the vendee has paid them. (n) Art. 1516. by the terms of the document the bailee issuing the document undertakes to deliver the goods to the order of the person to whom the possession or custody of the document has been entrusted. (3) Where the buyer becomes insolvent. be it greater or less than the price of the sale. in case eviction occurs.(2) Where by the terms of the document the carrier.
Where the buyer is entitled to rescind the sale and elects to do so. (3) Should he be in default. as follows: (1) Where the buyer. (6) In any other case where it may be fairly inferred that the real intention of the parties is that the transaction shall secure the payment of a debt or the performance of any other obligation. But if deterioration or injury of the goods is due to the breach or warranty.(5) The damages and interests. (2) When the vendor remains in possession as lessee or otherwise. Art. (4) Rescind the contract of sale and refuse to receive the goods or if the goods have already been received. (n) Art. or immediately after an offer to return the goods in exchange for repayment of the price. the buyer shall thereafter be deemed to hold the goods as bailee for the seller. he shall cease to be liable for the price upon returning or offering to return the goods. (1518) Art. concurrently with the return of the goods. If the price or any part thereof has already been paid. (1536) . Where the buyer is entitled to rescind the sale and elects to do so. The vendee shall owe interest for the period between the delivery of the thing and the payment of the price. (n) Art. makes known to the seller the particular purpose for which the goods are acquired. and ornamental expenses. but subject to a lien to secure payment of any portion of the price which has been paid. (2) Where the goods are brought by description from a seller who deals in goods of that description (whether he be the grower or manufacturer or not). (5) When the vendor binds himself to pay the taxes on the thing sold. he cannot rescind the sale if he knew of the breach of warranty when he accepted the goods without protest. no other remedy can thereafter be granted. is the difference between the value of the goods at the time of delivery to the buyer and the value they would have had if they had answered to the warranty. (2) Accept or keep the goods and maintain an action against the seller for damages for the breach of warranty. and any other legitimate payments made by reason of the sale. 1589. the breach of warranty by way of recoupment in diminution or extinction of the price. there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be reasonably fit for such purpose. and it appears that the buyer relies on the seller's skill or judgment (whether he be the grower or manufacturer or not). (3) To the possessor of a tenement or piece of land which is subject to the right in litigation assigned. In a sale of goods. From the provisions of the preceding article shall be excepted the assignments or sales made: (1) To a co-heir or co-owner of the right assigned. (3) When upon or after the expiration of the right to repurchase another instrument extending the period of redemption or granting a new period is executed. in any of the following cases: (1) When the price of a sale with right to repurchase is unusually inadequate. from the time of judicial or extrajudicial demand for the payment of the price. the seller shall be liable to repay so much thereof as has been paid. or if he fails to return or to offer to return the goods to the seller in substantially as good condition as they were in at the time the ownership was transferred to the buyer. in the absence of special circumstances showing proximate damage of a greater amount. (5) In the case of breach of warranty of quality. return them or offer to return them to the seller and recover the price or any part thereof which has been paid. (2) The necessary and useful expenses made on the thing sold. (3) Refuse to accept the goods. (1501a) (n) Art. and in addition: (1) The expenses of the contract. (4) When the purchaser retains for himself a part of the purchase price. without prejudice to the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 1191. and with the remedies for the enforcement of such lien allowed to an unpaid seller by Article 1526. such deterioration or injury shall not prevent the buyer from returning or offering to return the goods to the seller and rescinding the sale. in the following three cases: (1) Should it have been so stipulated. The contract shall be presumed to be an equitable mortgage. (2) Should the thing sold and delivered produce fruits or income. there is an implied warranty or condition as to the quality or fitness of the goods. Where the goods have been delivered to the buyer. The vendor cannot avail himself of the right of repurchase without returning to the vendee the price of the sale. at his election: (1) Accept or keep the goods and set up against the seller. expressly or by implication. the buyer may. (1478) Art. if the seller refuses to accept an offer of the buyer to return the goods. 1602. there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be of merchantable quality. if the sale was made in bad faith. When the buyer has claimed and been granted a remedy in anyone of these ways. 1599. Where there is a breach of warranty by the seller. 1635. (2) To a creditor in payment of his credit. and maintain an action against the seller for damages for the breach of warranty. 1616. such loss. or if he fails to notify the seller within a reasonable time of the election to rescind. 1562.
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