Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/KR20150088101A/en
Timestamp: 2020-04-10 10:06:20
Document Index: 87722433

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 220', 'art 210', 'arts 211', 'arts 212', 'arts 213', 'arts 214', 'art 212', 'arts 211', 'art 213', 'art 210', 'art 213', 'art 214', 'art 213', 'art 220', 'arts 221', 'arts 222', 'arts 223', 'art 224', 'art 223', 'art 220', 'art 224', 'art 223', 'arts 211', 'art 212', 'art 210', 'arts 220', 'art 222', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 222', 'arts 221', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 210', 'art 220', 'art 222', 'arts 220', 'art\n131', 'art\n212', 'art\n214', 'art\n222', 'art\n300']

KR20150088101A - Flexible display apparatus and method of manufacturing thereof - Google Patents
Flexible display apparatus and method of manufacturing thereof Download PDF
KR20150088101A
KR20150088101A KR1020140008506A KR20140008506A KR20150088101A KR 20150088101 A KR20150088101 A KR 20150088101A KR 1020140008506 A KR1020140008506 A KR 1020140008506A KR 20140008506 A KR20140008506 A KR 20140008506A KR 20150088101 A KR20150088101 A KR 20150088101A
KR1020140008506A
남승욱
민귀남
2014-01-23 Application filed by 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 filed Critical 삼성디스플레이 주식회사
2014-01-23 Priority to KR1020140008506A priority Critical patent/KR20150088101A/en
2015-07-31 Publication of KR20150088101A publication Critical patent/KR20150088101A/en
An embodiment of the present invention provides a flexible display panel capable of displaying an image on at least one surface and folding the surfaces so that the surfaces are opposed to each other; A window film provided on the one surface of the flexible display panel and made of a transparent plastic film having a modulus of 6.3 gigapascals (GPa) or more; A coating layer provided on the window film and transparent to protect the window film from physical damage; And an adhesive layer interposed between the window film and the first surface of the flexible display panel and having elasticity to bond the window film and the flexible display panel together; The present invention provides a foldable flexible display device including:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a flexible display apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof,
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a foldable flexible display device and a method of manufacturing the same.
The organic light emitting display device using the organic light emitting diode has a faster response speed than the currently widely used liquid crystal display device, and can realize moving picture, emits light by itself, has a wide viewing angle, .
The organic light emitting display has evolved so that it can be bent or further folded by changing the lower substrate and the encapsulation substrate into a flexible material. In the case of such a flexible organic light emitting display, the window film provided on the sealing substrate must be bent or further changed to a foldable material or thickness. Also, the surface of the flexible organic light emitting display device must have a certain strength regardless of the bending or folding function, so that it can be protected from external damage.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a foldable flexible display and a method of manufacturing the same.
In this embodiment, the window film may include at least one of transparent polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, and polyimide.
In this embodiment, the coating layer may include a hybrimer.
In this embodiment, the coating layer may include a siloxane polymer hybrid formed by condensation reaction of an organoalkoxysilane and an organosilane diol.
In this embodiment, the sum of the thicknesses of the window film and the coating layer may be 120 micrometers or more.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the coating layer may be equal to or greater than 45 percent of the thickness of the window film and the coating layer.
In this embodiment, the flexible display panel includes at least one thin film transistor provided on a substrate that can be folded, an insulating film covering the thin film transistor, an insulating film provided on the insulating film, electrically connected to the thin film transistor, An organic light emitting element that emits light from the organic light emitting layer, and a sealing film disposed on the substrate to seal the organic light emitting element.
In this embodiment, a touch screen panel is provided which is bonded onto the sealing film through an adhesive and can detect and collapse the touch input from the coating layer. And an optical film adhered to the touch screen panel through an adhesive and preventing external light reflection; And the adhesive layer may be provided on the optical film.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a flexible display panel, comprising: fabricating a flexible display panel capable of displaying an image on at least one surface thereof and folding the surfaces thereof facing each other; Producing a window film of a transparent plastic film having a modulus of at least 6.3 GPa; Forming a coating layer on the window film that is transparent and protects the window film from physical damage; And bonding an adhesive layer having elasticity to the window film and the one surface of the flexible display panel to couple the window film and the flexible display panel; The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a foldable flexible display device.
In the present embodiment, the coating layer may be formed by coating a mixture of oligosiloxane hybrid and volatile solvent on the window film, drying the mixture, removing the volatile solvent, and subjecting the mixture to a siloxane hybrid May be formed. .
The flexible display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the embodiments of the present invention are characterized in that the surface of the flexible display device is robust against external damage while being foldable.
1 is a schematic perspective view showing a foldable flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic perspective view showing a laminated structure of the flexible display device of FIG.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the display area of the flexible display panel included in Fig. 2. Fig.
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a touch screen panel included in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG.
Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-section of a cover window according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a reaction process of a hybrid material, which is a material used in a coating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows the pencil hardness test results.
9 shows the results of the bending stiffness test of the cover window.
1 is a schematic perspective view showing a foldable flexible display device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, the flexible display device 1 is characterized in that it has a property of bending or further folding in addition to the flexible property which can be bent. This feature makes it possible to easily store the flexible display device 1 by folding the flexible display device 1 by reducing its volume, and when used, it can be unfolded to facilitate the user's use.
As shown in FIG. 1, the flexible display device 1 may include at least one surface 1a on which an image is displayed. The flexible display device 1 is characterized in that one surface 1a can be folded so as to face each other. 1, the flexible display device 1 is folded once. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, but includes a flexible display device 1 which can be folded twice or more. In the flexible display device 1, The folding direction and the folding shape are not limited to those shown in FIG.
2 is a schematic perspective view showing a laminated structure of the flexible display device 1 of Fig.
2, the flexible display device 1 includes a flexible display panel 100, a touch screen panel 200, an optical film 300, and a cover window 400 sequentially from the bottom to the side where the user views the image. .
The flexible display panel 100 is a kind of display for displaying an image, and has a flexible property that it can be folded. One surface of the flexible display panel 100 includes a display area DA for emitting an image. A plurality of pixels are disposed in the display area DA, and each of the pixels emits light, so that the entire display area DA implements a predetermined image. The display area DA will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
A plurality of pads (not shown) are arranged in the non-display area NDA, and a plurality of pads are arranged in the non-display area NDA around the display area DA, (Not shown). Chips for applying various signals to the display area DA may be disposed on the plurality of pads. Such a chip can be arranged using a method of mounting a bare chip on a flexible substrate by a chip-on-film (COF) 131 method as shown in Fig. Meanwhile, a wiring board 132 may be further provided to apply various kinds of power to these chips. The wiring board 132 may be electrically connected to the chips. For example, the wiring board may be a flexible circuit board (FPCB). On the other hand, the flexible circuit board may serve to electrically connect the other components included in the flexible display device 1, for example, the touch screen panel 200 and the flexible display panel 100.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the display area DA among the flexible display panels 100 included in Fig. Referring to Fig. 3, a specific configuration and a manufacturing method of the display area DA will be described together.
First, the flexible display substrate 100a is prepared. The flexible display substrate 100a is characterized by being made of a flexible material which can be bent or folded. For example, the flexible display substrate 100a may be formed of a plastic film such as a polyimide film, a thin film glass, a metal film of a thin film, or the like.
A buffer film 101 is formed on the flexible display substrate 100a. The buffer layer (101) smoothes the upper surface and blocks the penetration of impurities. The buffer film 101 may be formed of a multi-layer or single-layer film made of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and / or silicon nitride (SiNx), and may be formed through various deposition methods. The buffer film 101 may be omitted if necessary.
On the buffer film 101, a pixel circuit portion is formed. The pixel circuit portion includes at least one thin film transistor (TFT). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the pixel circuit portion may further include at least one capacitor. In FIG. 3, one thin film transistor (TFT) is shown corresponding to one pixel for convenience of explanation. However, this is only an example, and a pixel circuit corresponding to one pixel may include at least two thin film transistors (TFT) and at least one capacitor. 3, a thin film transistor (TFT) is a top gate type (a thin film transistor) including an active layer 102, a gate electrode 104 and source / drain electrodes 106a and b sequentially from a flexible display substrate 100a top gate type). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various types of thin film transistors (TFT) such as a bottom gate type may be employed.
An active layer 102 is formed on the buffer film 101. The active layer 102 includes a semiconductor material and may include, for example, amorphous silicon or poly crystalline silicon. However, the present invention is, for example, the active layer 102 is not limited to this GIZO [(In 2 O 3) a (Ga 2 O 3) b (ZnO) c] (a, b, c are each a≥0, b≥ 0, c &gt; 0). &Lt; / RTI &gt; In addition to GIZO, the active layer 102 may be formed of a material selected from the group consisting of Zn, Zn, In, Ga, Cd, Ge, , Group 14 metal elements, and combinations thereof. The active layer 102 includes a source region 102a and a drain region 102b where the source electrode 106a and the drain electrode 106b contact with each other and a channel region 102c located therebetween. When the active layer 102 includes amorphous silicon or polycrystalline silicon, the source region 102a and the drain region 102b may be doped with impurities, if necessary.
A gate insulating layer 103 is formed on the active layer 102, and a film made of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide and / or silicon nitride may be formed in a multilayer or single layer. The gate insulating film 103 serves to insulate the active layer 102 and the gate electrode 104.
A gate electrode 104 is formed on the gate insulating film 103. The gate electrode 104 is connected to a gate line (not shown) for applying an on / off signal to the thin film transistor. The gate electrode 104 may be formed of a low resistance metal material and may be formed of a conductive material including molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti) .
An interlayer dielectric 105 is formed on the gate electrode 104. The interlayer insulating film 105 serves to insulate the source electrode 106a and the drain electrode 106b from the gate electrode 104. [ The interlayer insulating film 105 may be formed of a multilayer or single layer film made of an inorganic material. For example, an inorganic material may be a metal oxide or a metal nitride, specifically, an inorganic material is silicon oxide (SiO 2), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3), titanium oxide ( TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), or zinc oxide (ZrO 2 ).
The source electrode 106a and the drain electrode 106b are formed on the interlayer insulating film 105. [ For example, the source electrode 106a and the drain electrode 106b may be formed of a multilayer or single layer of a film made of a conductive material including molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti) The source electrode 106a and the drain electrode 106b are in contact with the source region 102a and the drain region 102b of the active layer 102 through the interlayer insulating film 105 and the contact hole formed in the gate insulating film 103,
Next, a planarizing film 107 is formed to cover the thin film transistor (TFT). The planarization film 107 eliminates steps caused by the thin film transistor (TFT) and flattenes the top surface, thereby preventing the organic light emitting device OLED from being defective due to the bottom unevenness. The planarizing film 107 may be formed of a single layer or a multi-layered film made of an inorganic material and / or an organic material. For example, an inorganic material may be a metal oxide or a metal nitride, specifically, an inorganic material is silicon oxide (SiO 2), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3), titanium oxide ( TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), or zinc oxide (ZrO 2 ). On the other hand, the organic material may be a general general purpose polymer such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or polystyrene (PS), a polymer derivative having a phenol group, an acrylic polymer, an imide polymer, an arylether polymer, An amide-based polymer, a fluorine-based polymer, a p-xylene-based polymer, a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, and blends thereof. In addition, the planarizing film 107 may be formed as a composite laminate of an inorganic insulating film and an organic insulating film.
The thin film transistor TFT is connected to the organic light emitting diode OLED. The organic light emitting diode OLED emits light or does not emit light according to the turn-on or turn-off of the thin film transistor TFT. As described above, FIG. 3 discloses a flexible display device 1 that is driven in an active mode. However, this is merely an example, and the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to driving in a passive manner that does not include a thin film transistor (TFT). In this case, the layer in which the thin film transistor array is formed is omitted.
The organic light emitting device OLED is formed on the planarization film 107. Specifically, the organic light emitting diode OLED includes a pixel electrode 111, a counter electrode 112 facing the pixel electrode 111, and an intermediate layer 113 interposed between both electrodes. The display device is classified into a bottom emission type, a top emission type, and a dual emission type depending on the light emitting direction of the organic light emitting device OLED. The pixel electrode 111 is provided as a light transmission electrode and the counter electrode 112 is provided as a reflection electrode. In the front emission type, the pixel electrode 111 is provided as a reflective electrode and the counter electrode 112 is provided as a semi-transparent electrode. In the double-sided emission type, both the pixel electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 are provided as light-transmitting electrodes. In FIG. 3, the organic light emitting display device is a front emission type.
The pixel electrode 111 may be patterned in an island shape corresponding to each pixel. Further, the pixel electrode 111 is formed to contact with the thin film transistor (TFT) included in the pixel circuit through the hole of the planarization film 107. Although not shown, the pixel electrode 111 may be arranged so as to overlap with the thin film transistor TFT so as to cover the lower pixel circuit.
The pixel electrode 111 includes a reflective electrode layer in addition to the transparent electrode layer so that light can be reflected in the direction of the counter electrode 112. When the pixel electrode 111 functions as an anode, the transparent electrode layer may include at least one of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium tin oxide A transparent conductive oxide such as indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), indium gallium oxide (IGO), and aluminum zinc oxide (AZO). can do. The reflective electrode layer may include a metal having a high reflectivity such as silver (Ag).
A pixel defining layer 109 is formed on the planarization film 107. The pixel defining layer 109 may be formed by a method such as spin coating with one or more organic insulating materials selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyamide, acrylic resin, benzocyclobutene, and phenol resin. The pixel defining layer 109 includes an opening 109a covering the edge of the pixel electrode 111 and opening at least a central portion thereof. The region defined by the opening 109a corresponds to the pixel, specifically, the light emitting region of the pixel, and the intermediate layer 113 is formed in the opening.
The intermediate layer 113 includes an organic light emitting layer that emits red, green, or blue light, and the organic light emitting layer may include a low molecular organic material or a polymer organic material. A hole transport layer (HTL), a hole injection layer (HIL), and the like are positioned in the direction of the pixel electrode 111 with respect to the organic light emitting layer, and a hole transport layer An electron transport layer (ETL) and an electron injection layer (EIL) are stacked in the direction of the electrode 112. Of course, various layers other than the hole injecting layer, the hole transporting layer, the electron transporting layer, and the electron injecting layer may be stacked as needed.
Meanwhile, in the above-described embodiment, a case where a separate organic light emitting layer is formed for each pixel is shown as an example. In this case, red, green, and blue light can be emitted individually for each pixel. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the organic light emitting layer may be formed in common throughout the pixels arranged in the display area DA. For example, a plurality of organic light emitting layers emitting red, green, and blue light may be vertically stacked or mixed to form white light. Of course, the combination of colors for emitting white light is not limited to the above. In this case, a color conversion layer or a color filter for converting the emitted white light into a predetermined color may be separately provided.
Next, the counter electrode 112 is formed to cover the entire pixel defining layer 109. The counter electrode 112 may be made of a conductive inorganic material. When the counter electrode 112 functions as a cathode, the counter electrode 112 is formed of a material having a small work function such as Li, Ca, LiF / Ca, LiF / Al, Al, Mg, And the metals may be formed into a thin film so that light can be transmitted. The counter electrode 112 may be formed as a common electrode over the entire display area DA in which an image is formed. At this time, the counter electrode 112 can be formed by an evaporation process that does not damage the intermediate layer 113. On the other hand, the polarities of the pixel electrode 111 and the counter electrode 112 may be opposite to each other.
An insulating capping layer 114 may be further formed on the counter electrode 112. The insulating capping layer 114 maintains a work function of the counter electrode 112 when the encapsulating thin film 100b is formed using a sputtering process or a PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) process , The organic material contained in the intermediate layer 113 can prevent damage. The insulating capping layer 114 is optional and may not be provided as in FIG.
The sealing thin film 100b is formed on the flexible display substrate 100a so as to cover both the display area DA and the non-display area NDA. The sealing thin film 100b is formed to protect the organic light emitting device OLED from moisture, oxygen, or the like of the outside. The sealing thin film 100b may be formed of a multilayer or single layer of a film made of an insulating inorganic material. For example, an inorganic material may be a metal oxide or a metal nitride, specifically, an inorganic material is silicon oxide (SiO 2), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3), titanium oxide ( TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), or zinc oxide (ZrO 2 ).
On the other hand, the encapsulating thin film 100b may be formed of a thin film made of an organic material and a thin film made of an inorganic material alternately stacked on a film made of an insulating inorganic material to form a sealing structure. In this case, the organic layer is formed of a polymer, and preferably, it may be a single film or a laminated film formed of any one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polycarbonate, epoxy, polyethylene and polyacrylate. In the sealing structure, the uppermost layer exposed to the outside may be formed of an inorganic layer to prevent moisture permeation to the organic light emitting device. Such an encapsulation structure may include at least one sandwich structure in which at least one organic layer is interposed between at least two inorganic layers. In addition, the sealing structure may include at least one sandwich structure in which at least one inorganic layer is interposed between at least two organic layers.
For example, such an encapsulation structure may include a first inorganic layer, a first organic layer, and a second inorganic layer sequentially from the top of the organic light emitting device OLED. In addition, the sealing structure may include a first inorganic layer, a first organic layer, a second inorganic layer, a second organic layer, and a third inorganic layer sequentially from the top of the organic light emitting diode OLED. The encapsulation structure may include a first inorganic layer, a first organic layer, a second inorganic layer, a second organic layer, a third inorganic layer, a third organic layer, and a fourth inorganic layer sequentially from the top of the organic light emitting diode OLED . Here, the first organic layer may have a smaller area than the second inorganic layer, and the second organic layer may be smaller in area than the third inorganic layer. The first organic layer may be completely covered with the second inorganic layer, and the second organic layer may be completely covered with the third inorganic layer.
As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the flexible flexible display substrate 100a and the flexible sealing film 100b formed of a thin film, the flexible display panel 100 can be bent, folded, .
Referring back to FIG. 2, the touch screen panel 200 is provided on the flexible display panel 100. One surface of the flexible display panel 100 on which the light is emitted and the rear surface of the touch screen panel 200 are adhered by the adhesive 151. The touch screen panel 200 and the flexible display panel 100 are electrically connected to each other.
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the touch screen panel 200 included in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the specific configuration and manufacturing method of the touch screen panel 200 will be described together.
Referring to FIG. 4, a touch screen panel 200 is shown that operates by forming an electrical signal according to a user's touch. In FIG. 4, a touch screen panel 200 of an electrostatic capacitive type is shown, but this is merely exemplary. Embodiments of the present invention can be applied to any one of a resistive type, an electro-magnetic type, a surface acoustic wave type, a saw type, and an infrared type. The touch screen panel 200 of FIG.
First, the flexible touch substrate 200a is prepared. The flexible touch substrate 200a, like the flexible display substrate 100a, uses a flexible material that can be bent or folded.
On the flexible touch substrate 200a, a plurality of first electrode pattern units 210 and a plurality of second electrode pattern units 220 are alternately arranged. The first electrode pattern portions 210 are formed in parallel with each other along the first direction (X direction) of the flexible touch substrate 200a. The second electrode pattern portion 220 is disposed between the pair of adjacent first electrode pattern portions 1210. The second electrode pattern part 220 is formed to be parallel with the second touch panel 200a in the second direction (Y direction).
The first electrode pattern part 210 includes a plurality of first body parts 211, a plurality of first connecting parts 212, a plurality of first extending parts 213, and a plurality of first connecting parts 214 do.
The first body 211 is formed in a diamond shape. The first main body 211 is formed in a plurality of rows along the first direction (X direction) of the flexible touch substrate 200a. The first connection portions 125 are formed between a pair of first body portions 211 arranged adjacently along a first direction (X direction). The first connection part 212 connects the pair of first body parts 211 to each other. The first extension part 213 extends from one end of the first electrode pattern part 210. The first extension part 213 extends to the edge of the flexible touch substrate 200a and is assembled to one side of the flexible touch substrate 200a. A first connection part 214 is formed at an end of the first extension part 213.
The second electrode pattern part 220 includes a plurality of second body parts 221, a plurality of second connecting parts 222, a plurality of second extending parts 223, and a second connecting part 224.
The second body portion 221 is formed in a diamond-like shape. A plurality of second main body portions 221 are formed in a row along the second direction (Y direction) of the flexible touch substrate 200a. The second extension part 223 extends from one end of the second electrode pattern part 220. The second extension portion 223 extends to an edge of the flexible touch substrate 200a. The second extension portion 223 is assembled on one side of the flexible touch substrate 200a. And a second connection part 224 is formed at an end of the second extension part 223.
At this time, the pair of first main body parts 211 are connected to each other by the first connection part 212 disposed on the same plane. In order to avoid interference with the first electrode pattern part 210, the pair of second electrode pattern parts 220 disposed adjacent to each other are electrically connected to each other by a second connection part 222, And the second body portion 221 are connected to each other.
Referring to FIG. 5, an insulating layer 201 covering the first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 is formed on the flexible touch substrate 200a. The insulating layer 201 serves to isolate the first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 from each other.
The insulating layer 201 includes a contact hole 201a formed in a region corresponding to an edge portion of a pair of adjacent second body portions 221 facing each other. The contact hole 201a is formed in a region where the first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 intersect. The second connection part 222 is formed through the contact hole 201a and connects the pair of second body parts 221 to each other across the insulation layer 201. [ According to the above-described structure, the first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 can be prevented from short-circuiting.
The first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In 2 O 3 .
The first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 may be formed through a photolithography process. That is, the first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 may be formed by patterning a transparent conductive layer formed using a manufacturing method such as evaporation, spin coating, sputtering, The first electrode pattern part 210 and the second electrode pattern part 220 can be formed.
A passivation layer 203 is formed on the insulating layer 201 to cover the second connection part 222 connecting the plurality of second electrode pattern parts 220.
When the touch screen panel 200 having the above structure touches or touches the touch screen panel 200, the first electrode pattern unit 210 and the second electrode pattern unit 220 And the touch position is detected. According to one embodiment of the present invention, since the flexible touch substrate 200a is made of a flexible material, the touch screen panel 200 can be easily bent, folded, or unfolded.
Referring again to FIG. 2, an optical film 300 is provided on the touch screen panel 200. The upper portion of the touch screen panel 200 and the rear surface of the optical film 300 are adhered by the adhesive 151. Here, the optical film 300 may be a circularly polarized film, a polarizing film, or the like, and may prevent reflection of external light, thereby allowing a user to easily observe an image.
On the optical film 300, a cover window 400 is provided.
The upper surface of the optical film 300 and the rear surface of the cover window 400 are bonded by the adhesive layer 351. The adhesive layer 351 may have a thickness of several tens of micrometers, for example, about 30 to 70 占 퐉. The adhesive layer 351 may be made of a soft material having elasticity, for example, a silicone-based elastomer.
The cover window 400 may be made of a flexible material so that the flexible display device 1 can be bent, folded and unfolded. However, such a flexible material has a problem that it is easily damaged by a relatively external impact. The cover window 400 is formed of a flexible material and is formed on the surface of the window film 410 so as to protect the window film 410 from damage to protect it from damages such as cracks and flaws. 420). However, since the adhesive layer 351 for adhering the cover window 400 having such a configuration to the upper portion of the optical film 300 is made of a soft material having elasticity, there arises a problem that the surface hardness of the coating layer 420 is lowered . More specifically, when external pressure is applied to the coating layer 420 disposed at the outermost position of the flexible display device 1, the pressing force is applied to the adhesive layer 351 under the cover window 400. The adhesive layer 351 is made of a soft material having elasticity Bar pressing can occur by the thickness of the adhesive layer 351. For example, when the entire thickness of the adhesive layer 351 is pressed, there is a problem that the surface of the coating layer 420 is greatly deformed, and the coating layer 420 is pressed and scratched.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a cover window 400 for preventing the decrease in the surface hardness of the coating layer 420 without lowering the bending, folding and spreading of the flexible display device 1. [
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a window film 410 having a predetermined modulus is employed and the entire thickness of the cover window 400 is adjusted to prevent the flexible display device 1 that is resistant to external damage, Can be manufactured.
Figure 6 shows a schematic cross-section of a cover window 400 according to an embodiment of the invention. 6, the cover window 400 includes a window film 410 adhered to the optical film 300 with an adhesive layer 351 and a coating layer 420 formed on the window film 410. [
The window film 410 is characterized by being made of a transparent plastic film having a modulus of 6.3 gigapascals (GPa) or more. Materials satisfying such conditions include polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyimide and the like, but these materials are exemplary and the material of the window film 410 is not limited to the above. For example, the window film 410 may comprise polyimide, and the polyimide may include a transparent polyimide rather than a yellow polyimide to allow the user to view the image implemented in the display area DA have.
8 and 9, when the window film 410 has a modulus of 6.3 GPa or more, the cover window 400 can satisfy the high hardness condition. Here, the high hardness condition means a case in which pencil hardness of 8H or more is satisfied in the pencil hardness test, which will be described in detail in FIG.
The coating layer 420 is formed of a hybrimer. FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a reaction process of a hybrid material, which is a material used in the coating layer 420 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 7, the coating layer 420 may be an oligosiloxane hybrid formed by a condensation reaction of an organic alkoxysilane and an organosilane diol, or a siloxane polymer hybrid prepared by polymerizing the oligosiloxane hybrid.
The oligosiloxane hybrid is prepared through a sol-gel reaction as shown in FIG. Specifically, the oligosiloxane hybrid is formed by a condensation reaction between an organoalkoxysilane and an organosilane diol as shown in the following reaction formula. As a sol-gel reaction, a hydro or non-hydrophobic sol-gel reaction can be used.
As shown in the reaction formula, the hydroxyl group of the organosilane diol as the starting material is condensed with the alkoxy group of the organic alkoxysilane as the other monomer to form an inorganic network structure. In the periphery of the inorganic network structure, organic groups such as R 'and R " The oligosiloxane hybrid becomes a siloxane polymer hybrid through a polymerization process through an ultraviolet (UV) curing step as shown in FIG.
Siloxane polymer hybrids are coated on a window film by a wet coating method to form a coating layer. Specifically, a mixed solution of an oligosiloxane hybrid and a volatile solvent is applied on the window film 410. At this time, the mixed solution may contain about 1% or more of the solid content of the oligosiloxane hybrid relative to the volatile solvent. The mixed solution thus coated is hot-air dried to remove the volatile solvent. The oligosiloxane hybrid is then cured by UV curing to form a siloxane polymer hybrid. Here, thermal curing may be performed instead of ultraviolet curing. The polymerization process may be a primary crosslinking reaction. Next, a post curing process is performed to finally form a coating layer. The post curing process corresponds to the process of removing residual moisture by using ultraviolet rays or heat. On the other hand, the total thickness of the cover window 400 is also related to whether the cover window 400 can satisfy the high hardness condition. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the total thickness of the cover window 400 is about 120 micrometers or more. In this case, the cover window 400 can satisfy the high hardness condition. Details of the experiment will be described together with the experimental graphs of FIGS. 8 and 9. On the other hand, when the thickness of the coating layer 420 is about 45% or more of the thickness of the entire cover window 400, no crack or fatigue failure was observed on the surface of the cover window 400 in the pencil hardness test or the bending stiffness test.
Fig. 8 shows the pencil hardness test results. In the pencil hardness test, a pencil having a hardness of 9H at 9B is classified into a high hardness condition when there is no pressing or scratch on the surface of the cover window 400 when the pencil with a load of 1 Kgf is poured about three times on the cover window 400 . As a criterion to be adopted in the product, the hardness condition should correspond to a pencil hardness of 8H or more. The thickness of the cover window 400 and the modulus of the window film 410, which satisfy the high hardness condition, can be determined through the pencil hardness test.
As a result, it can be seen that the thickness of the cover window 400 is greater than about 120 micrometers and the modulus of the window film 410 is greater than 6.3 GPa.
9 shows the results of the bending stiffness test of the cover window 400. As shown in FIG. In the bending steadiness test, when folding and unfolding of the flexible display device 1 using a jig was repeated about 200 seconds at a speed of about one second, the cracks and fatigue fractures appeared on the surface of the cover window 400 If not, it is classified as high hardness condition. As a criterion to be adopted in the product, the hardness condition should be about 3 or more of the stiffness.
As shown in FIG. 9, when the thickness of the cover window 400 classified into the high hardness condition is about 120 micrometers or more and the modulus of the window film 410 is 6.3 GPa or more, the bending stiffness test results Most of the results show that the stiffness satisfies about 3 or more.
8 and 9, the cover window 400 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be evaluated to have a condition satisfying the hardness in both the pencil hardness test results and the bending stiffness test results.
1a: One side
1: Flexible display
100a: Flexible display substrate
101: buffer film
102c: channel region
102b: drain region
102a: source region
103: Gate insulating film
105: interlayer insulating film
106b: drain electrode
106a: source electrode
107: Planarizing film
109a: opening
113: middle layer
114: Insulative capping layer
125: first connection part
131: chip-on film
132: wiring board
151: Adhesive
200a: substrate
200: Touch screen panel
201: insulating layer
201a: Contact hole
203: Protective layer
210: a first electrode pattern portion
211: first main body part
212: first connection portion
213: first extension part
214: first connection
220: second electrode pattern portion
221: second main body part
222: second connection portion
223: second extension part
300: Optical film
351: Adhesive layer
400: Cover window
410: window film
420: Coating layer
A flexible display panel capable of displaying an image on at least one side and folding the side so that the one side faces each other;
A window film provided on the one surface of the flexible display panel and made of a transparent plastic film having a modulus of 6.3 gigapascals (GPa) or more;
A coating layer provided on the window film and transparent to protect the window film from physical damage; And
An adhesive layer interposed between the window film and the flexible display panel and having elasticity to couple the window film and the flexible display panel;
Wherein the foldable flexible display device comprises:
Wherein the window film comprises at least one of transparent polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, and polyimide.
Wherein the coating layer comprises a &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; hybrimer. &Lt; / RTI &gt;
Wherein the coating layer comprises a siloxane polymer hybrid formed by a condensation reaction of an organoalkoxysilane and an organosilane diol.
Wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the window film and the coating layer is at least 120 micrometers (m).
Wherein the thickness of the coating layer is at least 45 percent of the thickness of the window film and the coating layer.
The flexible display panel
An insulating film covering the thin film transistor, an organic light emitting element provided on the insulating film and electrically connected to the thin film transistor and emitting light from the organic light emitting layer provided between the two electrodes, And a sealing film disposed on the substrate to seal the organic light emitting device.
A touch screen panel bonded to the sealing film through an adhesive and capable of detecting and folding a touch input from the coating layer; And
An optical film adhered to the touch screen panel through an adhesive and preventing external light reflection; Wherein the adhesive layer is provided on the optical film.
Preparing a flexible display panel capable of displaying an image on at least one side and folding the one side to face each other;
Producing a window film of a transparent plastic film having a modulus of at least 6.3 GPa;
Forming a coating layer on the window film that is transparent and protects the window film from physical damage; And
Bonding an adhesive layer having elasticity to the window film and the one surface of the flexible display panel so as to couple the window film and the flexible display panel;
The step of forming the coating layer
A foldable flexible display device in which a mixture of an oligosiloxane hybrid and a volatile solvent is coated on the window film, followed by drying to remove the volatile solvent, and a coating layer composed of a siloxane hybrid is formed by a polymerization process through ultraviolet curing &Lt; / RTI &gt;
KR1020140008506A 2014-01-23 2014-01-23 Flexible display apparatus and method of manufacturing thereof KR20150088101A (en)
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