Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7731730?dq=6,073,142
Timestamp: 2017-05-29 04:50:54
Document Index: 137853178

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 128', 'art 123', 'art 123', 'art 227', 'art 227', 'art 427', 'art 438', 'art 427', 'art 723']

Patent US7731730 - Safety trocar assembly - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA trocar assembly including a low-profile retractable shield deployable adjacent to a cutting element with a cross-sectional area which is small relative to the total cross-section of the assembly....http://www.google.com/patents/US7731730?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7731730 - Safety trocar assemblyAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS7731730 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/028,502Publication dateJun 8, 2010Filing dateJan 4, 2005Priority dateMar 15, 1999Fee statusPaidAlso published asEP1177001A2, EP1177001A4, US6837874, US20060149302, WO2000054648A2, WO2000054648A3Publication number028502, 11028502, US 7731730 B2, US 7731730B2, US-B2-7731730, US7731730 B2, US7731730B2InventorsSergey PopovOriginal AssigneeSergey PopovExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (10), Classifications (10), Legal Events (2) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSafety trocar assembly
US 7731730 B2Abstract
1. A safety trocar assembly comprising:
a trocar unit having an elongated obturator with a penetrating distal end; and
a port unit with an elongated tubular cannula, having an open distal end through which said penetrating distal end of said obturator is exposed, wherein said obturator further comprises
a penetrating means for orifice formation in a body cavity wall disposed onto said penetrating distal end, said penetrating means having at least two penetrating zones in the form of 1) a distal penetrating zone configured to initiate cavity wall penetration by forming an orifice in a body and firstly entering a body cavity through said orifice, and 2) a proximal penetrating zone configured to enlarge said orifice formed by said distal penetrating zone,
a protector means, having at least a distal independent protector member and a proximal independent protector member for independent protection of each of said distal and proximal penetrating zones respectively during said cavity wall perforation, and
a resilient bias means for each of said protector members, said bias means enabling said protector members to move independently of each other from an extended position to a retracted position in response to a resistance from perforated tissue encountered by said protector members, and to move independently of each other from said retracted position to said extended position when said resistance from perforated tissue is no longer encountered by said protector members after said penetrating zones have entered said body cavity.
2. An assembly according to claim 1, wherein said distal penetrating zone is disposed onto said penetrating distal end more distally than said proximal penetrating zone.
3. An assembly according to claim 2, wherein said distal protector member protects said distal penetrating zone, and wherein said proximal protector member protects both of said penetrating zones.
4. An assembly according to claims 3, wherein said proximal shield envelops, in its extended position, said distal protector member and both of said penetrating zones.
5. An assembly according to claims 4, wherein said proximal shield is tubular.
6. An assembly according to claim 1, wherein each of said penetrating zones is in propinquity to a cutting member, and wherein said independent protector members are made as separate shields. Description
This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/936,741, filed Sep. 13, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,837,874 which was a U.S. National Phase Patent Application under 35 U.S.C. 371 of PCT International Application No. PCT/IB00/00408, which has an international filing date of Mar. 14, 2000, and which claims priority from Israel Patent Application No. 128,989, filed Mar. 15, 1999, all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
The above noted objectives are accomplished by a safety trocar assembly having a port unit with elongated obturator removably inserted through the cannula and having a handle on its proximal end and a penetrating end on its distal end. The penetrating end is exposed through the cannula open distal end and has a cutting means, a penetrating apex, and a sloping side wall immovable relative to obturator. The obturator is provided with a protector means having a bias means and a movable penetrating apex shield that in its retracted position opens the penetrating apex and in its extended position closes the penetrating apex preventing it from any contact with patient's organs. In the projection onto transverse plane, the obturator sloping side wall surrounds the penetrating apex shield. It means that the penetrating and, consequently, also the penetrating apex shield have little cross section dimensions in comparison with the obturator. This allows reduction of the resistance of body tissue during penetrating apex shield displacement to its extended position and provides fast acting protection of the penetrating apex immediately after the penetration of penetrating apex distal end into the body cavity, however, before the penetrating end has been fully inserted. Further dilation of the orifice in the body wall is carried out by cutting means located on the sloping side wall. The penetrating apex shield is made tubular of circular or flattened cross section, totally closed or having a slot on one side. The distal edge of this shield forms a fence precluding the introduction, jamming; and engagement of tissue fibers of the body cavity wall between the penetrating apex shield and the penetrating apex as well as between the penetrating apex shield segments. As a result, the injury of body cavity wall is decreased and trocar passing through body cavity wall is facilitated.
According to the present invention, the shield, particularly made plate-shaped and the perimeter of its cross section insignificantly exceeds the perimeter of tissue incision made by the cutting means. Moreover, the height of this plate-shaped shield (the plate thickness) amounts 0.4 to 2 mm for obturator with outer diameter 10 to 12.5 mm and 0.4 to 1.2 mm for obturator with outer diameter 5 to 6.5 mm. This shield is a fast acting protector entering the tissue incision without substantial resistance of tissue incision edges and enabling the shield entry the body cavity immediately after entry there the cutting means. As a result, the risk of patient internal organ injury is significantly decreased.
In version embodiment, a safety trocar assembly comprises a penetrating means with at least two penetrating zones and a protector means with independent protector members, made as shields, for independent protection of each of said penetrating zones, and a resilient bias means for each of the protector members. This protects the penetrating zone (knife) which enters the body cavity independently of other penetrating zones (knives) which have not yet entered the body cavity and continue to cut the tissue. In version embodiment, there are distal and proximal penetrating zones provided with a distal and a proximal independent shield, respectively. The distal penetrating zone is the first one that enters the body cavity and is a main cause of internal organ injury, so its independent and fast protection eliminates trocar procedure complications.
FIGS. 9-11 are sections of trocar assembly of the FIG. 8 on the levels 9-9, 10-10, 11-11, respectively.
More specifically, FIG. 1 shows trocar assembly 1, comprising trocar unit 2 and port unit 3. FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of trocar assembly 1 in enlarged scale. Port unit 3 has tubular cannula 4, port housing 5 and inner seals 6, 7 located in port housing 5 and aimed to maintain insulation of the body cavity. Tubular cannula 4 has an open distal end 8. Trocar unit 2 has elongated obturator 9 adapted to be removably inserted through cannula 4 and having a penetrating end 10 exposed through cannula 4 open distal end 8. Penetrating end 10 has penetrating apex 11 and a sloping side wall 12. Longitudinal opening 17 of obturator 9 houses protector means 13 comprising tubular penetrating apex shield 14 adapted to actuate between a retracted position and an extended position (shown in FIG. 2), when shield 14 surrounds penetrating apse 11, and sloping side wall 12 surrounds shield 14 from the outside. Distal edge 15 of shield 14 forms uninterrupted hedge. Protector means 13 comprises bias means made as a compression spring 16. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2 penetrating apex 11 formed by pointed distal edge of cylindrical piece 18, having circular ledge 19 which is abutted by circular ledge 20 of penetrating apex shield 14, when shield 14 reaches its extended position. Stopper bushing 21 abutted by spring 16 is tightly placed on proximal end of cylindrical piece 18.
Turning now to FIGS. 3-6, these illustrate a variant of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 in which the shield is implemented as a helical coil of resilient wire formed with a closed portion 114 acting as the shield and a spring portion 116 which provides forward biasing. In other respects (preferred dimensions etc.), this implementation is similar to the previous embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 3 shows safety trocar assembly 101, comprising trocar unit 102 and port unit 103.
FIG. 4 shows distal part 123 of device 101 in enlarged scale, and FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section of distal part 123. Penetrating end 110, protruding through cannula 104 open distal end 108, has penetrating apex 111 made integral with obturator 109, penetrating apex shield 114, and bias means made as a compression spring 116. In this, shield 114 and spring 116 are made as a single piece from coiled springy rod fixed in obturator 109 circular groove 124. Penetrating end 110 also has sloping side wall 112, whereon outer cutting means 125, 126 made as outer cutting members are located, and which can be made of the same material as obturator 109.
the “proximal protected position” of the shield is the extreme proximal position of the shield which offers complete protection of the cutting edge.
Turning now to the structural details of this embodiment, FIG. 7 shows a safety trocar assembly 201, comprising trocar unit 202 and port unit 203.
FIG. 8 shows longitudinal section of obturator 209 distal part 227 in enlarged scale. Obturator distal part 227 comprises penetrating apex 211 with penetrating apex cutting means looking like distal knife 228 and outer cutting member looking like proximal knife 225. Both knives—228, 225—are made on the plate-shaped base 229, which has two springy arms 230, 231 with ledges 232, 233 in its proximal section, said ledges ensuring engagement of plated base 229 and obturator 209. Penetrating apex shield 214 is made as two-sided low profile shield and has longitudinal slot 234 plate base 229 passes through. Bias means is made as a compression spring 216, which abuts shield 214 with its distal face 235, whereas its proximal one abuts plate-shaped base 229. In FIGS. 7, 8, 12 shield 214 is in extended position so that its further distal displacement is limited by ledge 219 on plate-shaped base 229, which is abutted by shield 214 ledge 220. In FIGS. 13, 14 shield 214 is in acted position.
In a further preferred feature, which may be used either alone or in combination with the locking mechanism, the distal-portion shield is combined with a conventional large-diameter shield, in this case formed as concentric cylinders, to provide two-stage protection. The distal-portion shield provides immediate protection as soon as the distal portion of the penetrating end clears the tissue wall (FIG. 23), while the large-diameter shield provides additional protection once the penetrating end is fully inserted (FIG. 25). In the most preferred implementation shown here, the locking mechanism is operative to lock both shields when the obturator is removed. More specifically, FIG. 15 shows safety trocar assembly 401 with mutually independent shields 414, 436. Device 401 comprises trocar unit 402 and port unit 403. Port unit has tubular cannula 404 and port housing 405.
Trocar unit 402 has obturator 409 comprising distal part 427 and proximal part 438. Penetrating end 410 comprising penetrating apex 411, sloping side wall 412 and outer cutting members 425, 426450 with cutting edges 451 protruding above the sloping side wall 412 level. There are two tubular shields: penetrating apex shield 414 and outer shield 436. There are two independent, separate for both shields 414 and 436 bias means made as compression springs 416, 451. There is common for both shields 416, 436 lock means 435 comprising obturator-situated controlling member 440, partially protruding laterally of obturator distal part 427, and adapted to the interaction with inner surface 441 of tubular cannula 404. Controlling member is made integral with abutting member 442, having outer abutting surface 443 and inner abutting surface 452. Abutting member 442 by springy legs 444, 445 is spring-loaded to obturator 409.
In FIGS. 18, 19 lock means 435 is in lock position and locks shields 414 and 436 in protected position. Shield 436 wall has through elongated slot 446 with two different-width sections—distal section 447 is narrower than proximal section 448. Controlling member 440 has width less than that of slot 447 distal section, whereas abutting member 442 is wider than distal section 447 but narrower than slot 448 proximal section.
When trocar unit 402 is outside port unit 403 (FIGS. 18, 19), legs 444, 445 shift abutting member 442 to the lock position, when abutting member 442 partially enters slot 446 proximal section 448, and outer abutting surface 443 is set opposite of ledge 449 on outer shield 436, precluding shield 436 distal displacement, and inner abutting surface 452 is set opposite of proximal face 453 of penetrating apex shield 414, also precluding shield 414 proximal displacement. Unlocking of both shields 414, 436 occurs with trocar unit 402 entering port unit 403, which takes place when controlling member 440 interacts with cannula 404, and thus forces abutting member 442 out of interaction zone with shields 414, 436.
FIG. 26 shows safety trocar assembly 501 with one-sided low profile shield 514. Device 501 has trocar unit 502 and port unit 503. Port unit 503 has cannula 504 and port housing 505.
When penetrating end 510 passes through body cavity wall, the tissue resistance force shifts shield 514 to retracted position (FIG. 31), and stripped knife 528 makes an orifice in the tissue. Low profile protectors, both one-sided, and two-sided—are the protectors against instantaneous operation, i.e. they operate upon knife minimal penetration to body cavity.
FIG. 32 shows safety trocar assembly 701 with one-sided low profile inverted shield 736. Device 701 has trocar unit 702 and port unit 703. Port unit 703 has cannula 704 and port housing 705. Trocar unit has obturator 709 (FIG. 34—top view of device 701 distal part 723) with penetrating end 710. Penetrating end 710 comprises blunt apex 755, sloping side wall 712, two knives 725, 725 and inverted shield 736.
FIG. 38 shows longitudinal section of device 701 trocar unit 702. Trocar assembly 701 has lock means 735 for shield 736. Lock means 735 has obturator-situated controlling member 740, partially protruding laterally of obturator 709 and adapted to the interaction with inner 740, 741 of cannula 704. Controlling member 740 is made integral with abutting member 742, having abutting surface 743. Abutting member 742 is spring-loaded to obturator 709 by springy legs 744, 745. Shield 736 has abutting bar 758. When trocar unit 702 (FIG. 38) is outside the port unit 703, legs 744, 745 shift abutting surface 743 to the level of abutting bar 758, and such mutual disposition of shield 736 and lock means 735 is the lock position which prevents shield 736 proximal displacements
Unlocking of shield 736 takes place when trocar unit 702 is introduced to port unit 703 but only after protected penetrated end 710 passes through distal inner seals 706, 707 so that controlling member 740, being resisted by cannula 704 inner surface 741, shifts abutting member 742 from the interaction zone with abutting bar 758.
The embodiment of FIGS. 42-49 generally parallels the embodiment of FIGS. 32-41, but provides independently operative shields for the lateral blades. Thus, FIG. 42 shows a safety trocar assembly 801 with two independent low profile inverted shields 836, 871. Device 801 comprises trocar unit 802 and port unit 803. Port unit 803 comprises cannula 804 and housing 805.
FIGS. 50-63 illustrate an alternative type of shield for lateral blades, in this case combined with a distal knife and shield similar to those of FIGS. 26-31. The lateral shields are here implemented as resilient elements which react substantially independently to force applied near their distal and proximal ends. As a result, this configuration also provides protection for the distal portion of the blades while the proximal portion is still operative (FIGS. 61 and 62). FIG. 50 shows perspective view of safety trocar assembly 901 comprising trocar unit 902 and port unit 903. Port unit 903 has cannula 904 and housing 905. Trocar unit has obturator 909 with penetrating end 910. Penetrating end is formed by sloping side wall 912, penetrating means 973 for orifice formation in body cavity wall, and protector means 913 for said penetrating means 973. Penetrating means 973 comprises penetrating zones formed by knives 928, 925, 967, 926, 968 made on common plate-sided base 929 (FIG. 53) 50 that knives 925 and 967, as well as knives 926 and 968 have cutting edges confluent with one to another. Each penetrating zone has protector member, and each protector member has its own bias member. For penetrating zone 928 made as indented knife, protector member is made as plane-shaped shield 914, whereas bias member as compression spring 916.
FIG. 64 shows a safety trocar assembly 2001 comprising trocar unit 2002 and port unit 2003. Port unit 2003 has cannula 2004 and housing 2005. Trocar unit has obturator 2009 with penetrating end 2010. Penetrating end is formed by sloping side wall 2012, penetrating means 2073 for orifice formation in body cavity wall, and protector means 2013 for said penetrating means 2073. Penetrating means 2073 comprises penetrating zones formed by knives 2028, 2025, 2067, 2026, 2068 made on common plate-sided base 2029 (FIGS. 65, 67) so that knives 2025 and 2067, as well as knives 2026 and 2068 have cutting edges confluent into each other. Each penetrating zone has protector member, and each protector member has its own bias member. For penetrating zone 2028 made as indented knife, protector member is made as plate-shaped shield 2014, and bias member is made as compression spring 2016.
FIGS. 65-72 show an embodiment generally similar to that of FIGS. 32-41, in which the shield is formed with a stepped edge. The inclination of the steps to the longitudinal axis of the assembly varies from greatest at the distal part of the shield to least at the proximal part of the shield. This tends to ensure that less force is required to cause retraction of the shield at smaller diameters of hole than at large diameters, thereby limiting over-widening of the incision. Thus, FIG. 82 shows safety trocar assembly 3001 with low profile inverted shield 3036. Device 3001 has trocar assembly 3002 and port assembly 3003. Port assembly 3003 has cannula 3004, and housing 3005. Trocar assembly has obturator 3009 with penetrating end 3010 formed by blunt apex 3055, and sloping side wall 3012, with protector edges 3059, 3060 of shield 3036 and knives 3025, 3026 protruding over it.
Trocar assembly 3001 has lock means 3035 for shield 3036. Lock means 3035 has obturator-situated controlling member 3040, partially protruding laterally of obturator 3009, and adapted to the interaction with inner surface 3041 of cannula 3004. Controlling member 3040 is made integral with cutting member 3042, having abutting surface 3043. Abutting member 3042 by springy legs 3044, 3045 is spring-loaded to obturator 3009. Shield 3036 has abutting bar 3058. When trocar unit 3002 is outside port unit 3003, legs 3044, 3045 shift abutting surface 3043 to the level of abutting bar 3058, and such mutual arrangement of shield 3036 and lock means 3035 is the lock position (not shown in the Fig.), wherefrom shield 3036 proximal displacement is impossible.
Although the present invention has been shown and described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that various changes and other modifications are contemplated within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3805793 *Mar 21, 1973Apr 23, 1974S WrightAnastomotic apparatusUS4535773 *Mar 26, 1982Aug 20, 1985Inbae YoonSafety puncturing instrument and methodUS4601710 *Aug 6, 1984Jul 22, 1986Endotherapeutics CorporationTrocar assemblyUS4931042 *Oct 26, 1987Jun 5, 1990EndotherapeuticsTrocar assembly with improved latchUS4943280 *Dec 31, 1987Jul 24, 1990United States Surgical CorporaitonSelf-seating flapper valve for an insufflation cannula assemblyUS5066288 *Jun 27, 1989Nov 19, 1991Ethicon, Inc.Safety trocarUS5275583 *Oct 5, 1992Jan 4, 1994Lawrence CrainichTrocar assembly with independently acting shield meansUS5591190 *Sep 26, 1994Jan 7, 1997Yoon; InbaeSafety trocar penetrating instrumentUS5807402 *Jul 7, 1997Sep 15, 1998Yoon; InbaeSafety penetrating instrument with protective sheath, triggered penetrating member retraction and single and safety member protrusionUS6063099 *Aug 12, 1998May 16, 2000Endoscopic Concepts, Inc.Dilating trocar shield with blade tip* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification606/185, 606/184, 606/181International ClassificationA61B17/34Cooperative ClassificationA61B17/3417, A61B17/3496, A61B2017/346, A61B2017/3456European ClassificationA61B17/34S2, A61B17/34GLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionDec 18, 2013SULPSurcharge for late paymentDec 18, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services