Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7802311?ie=ISO-8859-1&dq=4200770
Timestamp: 2015-07-01 13:11:13
Document Index: 571220273

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 173', 'art 173', 'art 173', 'art 173', 'art 170', 'art 171', 'art 173', 'art 173', 'art 173', 'art 173', 'art 170', 'art 171']

Patent US7802311 - Recording apparatus, recording method, recording medium and program - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA recording apparatus which executes copy control utilizing copy control information which is indicative of plural types of copy control includes an electronic watermark detection device, which detects a predetermined copy control information portion of the copy control information out of a content over...http://www.google.com/patents/US7802311?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7802311 - Recording apparatus, recording method, recording medium and programAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7802311 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/541,997PCT numberPCT/JP2004/000189Publication dateSep 21, 2010Filing dateJan 14, 2004Priority dateJan 14, 2003Fee statusPaidAlso published asCN1751349A, EP1605461A1, US20060146604, WO2004064062A1Publication number10541997, 541997, PCT/2004/189, PCT/JP/2004/000189, PCT/JP/2004/00189, PCT/JP/4/000189, PCT/JP/4/00189, PCT/JP2004/000189, PCT/JP2004/00189, PCT/JP2004000189, PCT/JP200400189, PCT/JP4/000189, PCT/JP4/00189, PCT/JP4000189, PCT/JP400189, US 7802311 B2, US 7802311B2, US-B2-7802311, US7802311 B2, US7802311B2InventorsKenji Muraki, Tetsuhiko KaneakiOriginal AssigneePanasonic CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (13), Non-Patent Citations (7), Classifications (17), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetRecording apparatus, recording method, recording medium and program
said copy control information includes: i) information indicative of “no_more_copy,” ii) information indicative of an allowable copy corresponding to a first condition, and iii) information indicative of an allowable copy corresponding to a second condition,
said copy control information enables determination that said content is “no_more_copy” from said information indicative of “no_more_copy” or said information indicative of said first condition or second condition, by using only said predetermined certain bit of digital data, and
said recording section (i) does not record said content when said detection result indicates that said content is said “no_more_copy” and (ii) records said content without determining that said copy control information is said information indicative of said first condition or is said information indicative of said second condition, by further analyzing said copy control information when said detection result indicates that said content is said allowable copy.
wherein said allowable copy corresponding to said first condition represents “copy_freely”, and said allowable copy corresponding to said second condition represents “copy_one_generation”, and
said predetermined certain bit of digital data expressing said “no_more_copy”.
wherein said allowable copy corresponding to said first condition represents “copy_freely” and said allowable copy corresponding to said second condition represents “copy_one_generation”, and
said recording step (i) does not record said content when said detection result indicates that said content is said “no_more_copy” and (ii) records said content without determining that said copy control information is said information indicative of said first condition or is said information indicative of said second condition, by further analyzing said copy control information when said detection result indicates that said content is said allowable copy.
As copy control in digital audio equipment, a serial copy management system (hereinafter abbreviated as “SCMS”) has been widely used from around the 1980s. In the SCMS, copy control information is recorded together with content in a medium such as a CD, a minidisk (MD) and an airwave. When the content is to be copied with a connection established inside the same housing or between different pieces of equipment via a digital interface, whether to permit copying is controlled in accordance with the copy control information of the content. The SCMS is effective to a certain extent, as in the case of commercial recording machines, such as those for MDs.
In light of these problems with the SCMS, the Content Protection for Prerecorded Media standard and the Content Protection for Recordable Media standard (hereinafter abbreviated as “CPPM” and “CPRM”) which are copyright protection systems utilizing the DVD and the SD (Secure Digital) Memory Card Audio standards (hereinafter abbreviated as “SD Audio”) adopt a copy control method which uses an electronic watermark. Meanwhile, copy control/playback control methods which use electronic watermarking have been proposed for the SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative) standard determined involving the music industry, the computer industry, the consumer electronics industry and the like.
By means of electronic watermarking technologies for use in CPPM, CPRM and SDMI, it is possible to embed 12-bit information as an electronic watermark within digital audio data of the linear PCM format. Of this, two bits are used for copy control. The two bits express the three states: “copy_freely”; “copy_one_generation” and “no_more_copy”. Although these two bits, as such, can express four states, use of the remaining one is prohibited.
As for the detection of an electronic watermark, there are two results. First, is that an electronic watermark is detected. Second, is that an electronic watermark is not detected. Upon detection of an electronic watermark, the three states of “copy_freely”, “copy_one_generation” and “no_more_copy” are distinguished from each other.
In relation to playback control utilizing conventional electronic watermarking, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Gazette No. 2001-229612 titled “COPY CONTROL METHOD FOR DIGITAL DATA AND OPTICAL DISK PLAYBACK APPARATUS” for example describes an optical disk playback apparatus (pages 7 through 13, and FIGS. 6 and 12). This optical disk playback apparatus will now be described as a first conventional technique. This optical disk playback apparatus is an apparatus complying with the CPPM control method.
First, the system control part 173 checks whether the system stream available from the encryption/decryption apparatus 165 has been encrypted (Step 1). In the event that the system stream has been encrypted, the system control part 173 checks whether there is digital CCI data (Step 2). When there is digital CCI data, the system control part 173 examines whether the digital CCI data is not “copy_freely” (Step 3). As shown in FIG. 7, the digital CCI of encrypted audio or video digital data indicates only “copy_one_generation” or “no_more_copy”, but not “copy_freely”. Hence, when the digital CCI data denotes “copy_freely”, the disk is determined an illegally copied disk. As a result, the system control part 173 controls both the digital signal output control part 170 and the analog signal output control part 171 and mutes both the digital signal output and the analog signal output (Step 4).
On the contrary, when it is determined at Step 3 that the digital CCI data does not denote “copy_freely”, the system control part 173 performs normal playback (Step 8).
Meanwhile, when it is determined at Step 1 that the system stream has not been encrypted and when it is determined at Step 2 that there is not digital CCI data, the system control part 173 reads whether there is watermark CCI available from the watermark CCI decryption apparatus 169 (Step 9). Next, with the presence of watermark CCI data, the system control part 173 inspects whether the watermark CCI data denotes “copy_freely” (Step 10). As shown in FIG. 7, normal playback is permitted only when the watermark CCI data denotes “copy_freely” (Step 12), whereas the disk is determined an illegal copy in the case of “copy_one_generation” and “no_more_copy”. In consequence, the system control part 173 controls both the digital signal output control part 170 and the analog signal output control part 171 and mutes both the digital signal output and the analog signal output (Step 11).
Recording control utilizing electronic watermarking of the SDMI method according to “Amendment 3 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version 1.0” revised on Jun. 5, 2001 and issued by SECURE DIGITAL MUSIC INITIATIVE will now be described as a second conventional technique. Audio records and SD audio on Memory stick (registered trademark) comply with this SDMI control method.
The disclosure of “Amendment 3 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version 1.0” revised on Jun. 5, 2001 and issued by SECURE DIGITAL MUSIC INITIATIVE is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
As for SD audio, a content to be recorded is compressed and encrypted into an SDMI-protected content. Further, in relation to the equipment identifier of SD audio equipment, a media identifier, etc., there is a restriction over the number of copies that can be made as SDMI-protected contents. In addition, a digital output is basically prohibited from SD audio equipment so that a digital copy (second-generation copy) will not be made on an ordinary digital medium (which may be an MD, a CD-R, etc.) which is not under the restriction described above. In other words, an SDMI-protected content is copy-prohibited other than on SD audio equipment. Hence, for recording of SD audio, only whether the copy control information of an input content denoting “no_more_copy” needs to be determined. Whether marking is “copy_one_generation” or “copy_freely” needs not be distinguished from each other.
To be more specific, when the digital CCI of the content received as a protected input denotes “no_more_copy”, SD audio equipment complying with the SDMI control method does not record the content on a medium. On the contrary, when the digital CCI of the input content denotes “copy_freely” or “copy_one_generation”, this SD audio equipment encrypts the content and records the same on a medium, and as expressed in FIG. 10 as UPDATE DCCI (digital CCI), updates the digital CCI of the content to “no_more_copy” and performs CPRM encryption/recording. CPPM encryption/recording is encrypted recording based on an encryption rule defined in CPPM.
The reason why the SD audio equipment complying with the SDMI control method updates the digital CCI of the input content to “no_more_copy” and then records even when the digital CCI denotes “copy_freely” is because SD audio equipment complying with the SDMI control method is prohibited from outputting a digital output. Therefore, SD audio equipment does not comprise a digital output terminal.
An unprotected input is inputting of a content recorded on a CD or the like by SDMI control-compliant SD audio equipment in accordance with IEC958, which is a standard for transmitting such content over an optical cable, or inputting of such content as an analog signal. In the case of an unprotected input, because digital CCI could have been tampered, watermark CCI is detected and whether to permit recording is determined. In short, upon receipt of content as an unprotected input, SD audio equipment complying with the SDMI control method first detects watermark CCI, as expressed in FIG. 10 as DETECT WM (watermark). When the detected watermark CCI denotes “no_more_copy”, recording of the content received as an unprotected input does not take place. Meanwhile, when the detected watermark CCI denotes “copy_freely” or “copy_one_generation”, the content is CPRM encrypted and recorded on a medium, and the digital CCI of the recorded content is set to “no_more_copy”. The content recorded on the medium in this manner is handled as an SDMI-protected content when the content is to be played back from the medium. In this fashion, content received as a protected input or unprotected input is recorded on an HDD, an SD card or the like in accordance with a default usage rule. This rule applies a predetermined rule to an unprotected input such as a CD, a distributed content not bearing a usage rule and the like, that is, in accordance with a predetermined rule which may specify for instance that the number of check-outs is three or smaller.
Described below, as an example, is the recording control method for SD audio according to “Amendment 3 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version 1.0” revised on Jun. 5, 2001 and issued by SECURE DIGITAL MUSIC INITIATIVE. In short, an example of how content, received as unprotected input, is recorded as SD audio will be described. The description below corresponds to an operation in FIG. 10 of recording an SDMI-unprotected content received as an unprotected input onto an SD memory card, as expressed in FIG. 10 as UNPROTECTED INPUT.
The recording means 803 compresses content and records the same in encrypted form. When a control signal denoting “no_more_copy” is sent from the electronic watermark detection means 802, the content is deleted, including those portions which have been recorded so far.
After the end of the first electronic watermark detection window, the electronic watermark detection means 802 confirms whether an electronic watermark has been found, that is, whether an electronic watermark detection flag is “1” (Step 2).
When it is found at (Step 2) that the electronic watermark detection flag is “1”, the electronic watermark detection means 802 confirms whether it is found the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, that is, whether the electronic watermark is “11” (Step 3).
When it is found at (Step 3) that the electronic watermark is not “11”, this content may be copied. Hence, at this stage, the electronic watermark detection means 802 terminates the detection of the electronic watermark and sends the control signal indicative of permission of copying to the recording means 803 (Step 8). The recording means 803 continues compression and encryption of the content.
On the contrary, when it is found at (Step 3) that the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, because copying of this content is prohibited, the electronic watermark detection means 802 sends the control signal, indicative of prohibition of copying to the recording means 803 (Step 9). The recording means 803 stops compression and encryption and deletes contents which have already been compressed and encrypted. Further, in the event that the recording apparatus records SD audio in the same housing as a CD player for instance, the recording apparatus may go to a next content during playback from a CD, stop playback or otherwise control. When receiving content from outside, the recording apparatus can not stop inputting of the content, and therefore, the recording apparatus may directly enter a standby state.
As the second electronic watermark detection window ends, the electronic watermark detection means 802 confirms whether an electronic watermark has been found, that is, whether the electronic watermark detection flag is “1” (Step 6).
When it is found at (Step 6) that the electronic watermark detection flag is “1”, the electronic watermark detection means 802 confirms whether the electronic watermark thus found denotes “no_more_copy”, that is, whether the electronic watermark is “11” (Step 7).
When it is found at (Step 7) that the electronic watermark is not “11”, this content may be copied. Hence, the electronic watermark detection means 802 sends the control signal indicative of permission of copying to the recording means 803 (Step 8).
On the contrary, when it is found at (Step 7) that the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, because copying of this content is prohibited, the electronic watermark detection means 802 sends the control signal indicative of prohibition of copying to the recording means 803 (Step 9).
As described above, SD audio is under copyright protection by means of the recording control method according to “Amendment 3 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version 1.0” revised on Jun. 5, 2001 and issued by SECURE DIGITAL MUSIC INITIATIVE.
That is, during the conventional SD audio recording control, copying of an SDMI-protected content is prohibited other than on SD audio equipment. Hence, although the copy control information of an input content denoting “no_more_copy” alone may be determined in the case of recording SD audio, all types of copy control of “no_more_copy”, “copy_one_generation” and “copy_freely” are detected from the copy control information of the input content. The SD audio recording control includes the excessive processing and is poorly efficient. Further, such a problem can occur during other recording control than that for SD audio. For example, a similar problem occurs during audio recording in accordance with the CPPM control method, the CPRM control method, etc.
Playback control of SD audio is similar. In other words, control is exercised such that as for playback of an SDMI-unprotected content, the content will not be played back when the copy control information denotes “no_more_copy”. However, the content will be played back when the copy control information denotes “copy_one_generation” or “copy_freely”. That is, whether it may alone be determined the copy control information of the input content denotes “no_more_copy”, control may be exercised such that playback will be stopped when the copy control information denotes “no_more_copy” but will be performed when the copy control information does not denote “no_more_copy”. Regardless of this, all types of copy control of “no_more_copy”, “copy_one_generation” and “copy_freely” are detected from the copy control information.
wherein said copy control information is available in three types of “copy_freely”, “copy_one_generation” and “no_more_copy”, and
said predetermined certain bits of digital data expressing “no_more_copy”.
wherein said copy control information is available in three types of “copy_freely”, “copy_one_generation” and “no_more_copy” and said predetermined certain bits of digital data expressing “no_more_copy”.
Further, a fourth aspect of the invention is the recording apparatus of the second aspect of the invention, wherein when the detection result obtained by said electronic watermark detection means indicates detection of said “no_more_copy”, said recording means does not record said content, and when the detection result obtained by said electronic watermark detection means indicates that said “no_more_copy” is not detected, said recording means records said content.
Further, a fifth aspect of the invention is the recording apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, wherein when the detection result obtained by said electronic watermark detection means indicates detection of said “no_more_copy”, said recording means does not record said content, and when the detection result obtained by said electronic watermark detection means indicates that said “no_more_copy” is not detected, said recording means records said content.
Further, a ninth aspect of the invention is directed to the playback apparatus of the eighth aspect of the invention wherein said copy control information is available in three types of “copy_freely”, “copy_one_generation” and “no_more_copy”, and
said predetermined copy control information portion is “no_more_copy”.
Further, a tenth aspect of the invention is directed to the playback apparatus of the ninth aspect of the invention wherein when playback of said SDMI-unprotected content is desired, said playback means does not play back said content if the detection result obtained by said electronic watermark detection means indicates detection of said “no_more_copy”, but said playback means plays back said content if the detection result obtained by said electronic watermark detection means indicates that said “no_more_copy” is not detected.
The recording/playback apparatus according to the embodiment is basically prohibited from outputting a digital output as described earlier in relation to the conventional techniques, so that digital copies will not be made from the recording/playback apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment (SD audio equipment) onto ordinary digital media (such as MDs and CD-Rs). In short, an SDMI-protected content is treated as “no_more_copy”, other than on SD audio equipment. Hence, for recording of SD audio, the recording/playback apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment determines only whether the copy control information of an input content denotes “no_more_copy” but does not distinguish “copy_one_generation” and “copy_freely” from each other. An SDMI-protected content has been described earlier in relation to the conventional techniques, and therefore, will not be described in detail.
After the end of the first electronic watermark detection window, the electronic watermark detection means 103 confirms whether an electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy” (Step 2). Of the copy control information, “no_more_copy” is expressed by the 2-bit numerical value of “11”, “copy_one_generation” is expressed by the 2-bit numerical value of “10” and “copy_freely” is expressed by the 2-bit numerical value of “00”. Hence, it is when an electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy” is detected that the least significant bit (LSB) of the electronic watermark becomes “1”. Noting this, whether the LSB of the electronic watermark is “1” may be examined to determine whether an electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy” has been detected.
When it is found at (Step 2) that the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, because copying of this content is prohibited, the electronic watermark detection means 103 sends the control signal indicative of prohibition of copying to the recording means 104 (Step 7). The recording means 104 stops compression and encryption and deletes contents which have been compressed and encrypted so far. At this stage, equipment having a display function may show a user that recording of this content is not permitted, as the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”.
On the contrary, when it is found at (Step 2) that the electronic watermark does not denote “no_more_copy”, the electronic watermark detection means 103 waits at any desired point at or after forty-five seconds (Step 3). The electronic watermark detection means 103 then performs second electronic watermark detection which is detection of an electronic watermark as a second trial (Step 4).
After the end of the second electronic watermark detection window, the electronic watermark detection means 103 confirms whether an electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy” (Step 5). Whether an electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy” has been detected is determined at (Step 5) by examining whether the LSB of the electronic watermark is “1”, which is similar to (Step 2).
When it is found at (Step 5) that the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, because copying of this content is prohibited, the electronic watermark detection means 103 sends the control signal indicative of prohibition of copying to the recording means 104 (Step 7).
When it is found at (Step 5) that the electronic watermark does not denote “no_more_copy”, it could be that this content carries an electronic watermark of “copy_freely” or “copy_one_generation” or does not carry any electronic watermark. Hence, the electronic watermark detection means 103 sends the control signal indicative of permission of copying to the recording means 104 (Step 8). The recording means 104 continues compression and encryption of the content to the end.
Meanwhile, as for an SDMI-unprotected content, it is not possible to confirm the origin of the SDMI-unprotected content. There is no guarantee that copyright protection in accordance with the copy control information is secured. For playback of an SDMI-unprotected content on an SD audio playback apparatus therefore, it is necessary to examine the copy control information contained in an electronic watermark embedded in the content again. Because an electronic watermark check for playback of an SDMI-unprotected content is carried out at the time of playback instead of checking electronic watermark during recording of the content, only whether the copy control information of the content to be played back denotes “no_more_copy” may be determined as in the case of SD recording, and it is not necessary to distinguish “copy_one_generation” and “copy_freely” from each other.
After the end of the first electronic watermark detection window, the electronic watermark detection means 103 confirms whether an electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy” (Step 2). Whether the LSB of the electronic watermark is “1” may be examined, to determine whether an electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy” has been detected, which is similar to the description above given in relation to the recording operation.
When it is found at (Step 2) that the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, the electronic watermark detection means 103 regards this content as a copy of a copy-prohibited content and sends the control signal indicative of prohibition of copying to the playback means 105 (Step 7). The playback means 105 stops decryption and expansion, thereby stopping playback of the content. At this stage, equipment having a display function may show a user that playback is not permitted because of the electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy”.
On the contrary, when it is found at (Step 2) that the electronic watermark does not denote “no_more_copy”, the electronic watermark detection means 103 waits at any desired point at or after forty-five seconds (Step 3). Playback is continued during this time. The electronic watermark detection means 103 then performs second electronic watermark detection which is detection of an electronic watermark as a second trial (Step 4).
After the end of the second electronic watermark detection window, the electronic watermark detection means 103 confirms whether the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy” (Step 5). Whether the LSB of the electronic watermark is “1” may be examined, to determine whether an electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy” has been detected, which is similar to the description above given in relation to the operation during recording.
When it is found at (Step 5) that the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, because copying of this content is prohibited, the electronic watermark detection means 103 sends the control signal indicative of prohibition of copying to the playback means 105 (Step 7).
When it is found at (Step 5) that the electronic watermark does not denote “no_more_copy”, it could be that this content carries an electronic watermark of “copy_freely” or “copy_one_generation” or does not carry any electronic watermark. Hence, the electronic watermark detection means 103 sends the control signal indicative of permission of copying to the recording means 104 (Step 8). In accordance with this control, the playback means 105 continues playback until the end of the content.
When the DVD audio player 202 is to play back a DVD, the multi-function apparatus 201 requires electronic watermark detection of all states, namely, all types of copy control expressed by the copy control information as in the case of the first conventional technique. Meanwhile, when the SD audio apparatus 203 is to record a content input at the digital input terminal 208, as described in relation to the exemplary embodiment above, “no_more_copy” alone of the copy control information may be detected. Hence, in the case of such a multi-function apparatus 201, it is convenient if it is possible to switch in accordance with a medium between detection of only an electronic watermark of the pre-designated state, namely, only an electronic watermark of the pre-designated type of copy control and detection of electronic watermarks of all states, namely, electronic watermarks of all types of copy control.
Digital CCI of DVD audio defines (1) whether to permit copying of audio, (2) the number of audio copies, (3) the tone quality of audio, (4) whether to permit copying of a relevant content, (5) CCI for conventional equipment, and the like. The element (1) whether to permit copying of audio is used in combination with the element (2) the number of audio copies, and expresses “free copying is permitted”, “copying is permitted up to the number of audio copies”, “copying is permitted in a predetermined compression format up to the number of audio copies”, etc. Each content bears a unique identification code which is for commercial contents and called ISRC (International Standard Recording Code), and the equipment must associate ISRC with the number of copies and count the number of copies made of the content. The element (3) the tone quality of audio sets the number of channels of a copy (e.g., multiple of channels such as 5.1 channel, 2 channel), a sampling frequency, a bit length, a bit rate in the case of compressed audio, etc. The element (4) whether to permit copying of a relevant content denotes whether it is permitted to copy a still picture related to an audio content. The element (5) CCI for conventional equipment expresses a rule for digital copying onto an MD, a CD-R, a DAT via an internal connection.
In other words, in this case, the multi-function apparatus 211 first plays back an audio content recorded on the CD-DA. The multi-function apparatus 211 then detects an electronic watermark of thus played back audio content and performs screening based on the electronic watermark embedded in the audio content, as expressed in FIG. 4 as AWM (audio watermark) SCREENING. That is, as expressed in FIG. 4 as “no_more_copy ”, recording onto a CD-R or MD of the multi-function apparatus 211 or an HDD built within the multi-function apparatus 211 does not take place when the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, whereas when the electronic watermark does not denote “no_more_copy” or no electronic watermark has been detected, the audio contents thus played back are recorded onto these media.
When the audio contents thus played back are to be recorded onto a CD-R or MD of the multi-function apparatus 211 or an HDD built within the multi-function apparatus 211, SCMS information stored in the CD-DA is reflected in the recording medium. In short, SCMS is recorded as is onto the recording medium when SCMS denotes “copy_freely”, while SCMS is updated to “no_more_copy” and then recorded onto the recording medium when SCMS denotes “copy_one_generation”. It is not necessary to reflect the copy control information embedded in the electronic watermarks onto these media. Hence, when the multi-function apparatus 211 is to detect the electronic watermarks of the audio contents recorded on the CD-DA, as in the recording/playback apparatus according to the embodiment, “no_more_copy” alone may be detected and it is not necessary to distinguish “copy_freely” and “copy_one_generation” from each other. Therefore, with the medium of the recording/playback apparatus according to the embodiment changed from an SD memory card to the CD-R or MD or the HDD built within the multi-function apparatus, the recording/playback apparatus according to the embodiment may be applied to such a multi-function apparatus 211.
As for outputs from the DVD recorder 221, there are protected digital outputs, analog outputs and unprotected digital audio outputs. A protected digital output is outputting in accordance with EEE1394-DTCP, HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection), etc. HDCP referred to here is a content protection technique such as HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) which is for connection between source equipment and a display apparatus. An analog output is outputting of content as an analog signal: Based on digital CCI of a content which is played back, AGC (Automatic Gain Control) and CGMS-A (Copy Generation Management System) are added and the content is output. AGC herein referred to is a copy protection technique for analog video signals proposed by Macrovision. CGMS-A refers to a copy control mechanism for audio visual contents such as video, and the letter “A” denotes analog. That is, CGMS-A demands addition during a vertical interval of an analog signal expressing video. An unprotected digital audio output is in line with IEC60958, IEC61937, etc. IEC60958 and IEC61937 are digital audio interfaces and specify optical cable interface specifications for CDs, MDs, etc. IEC60958 requires use of linear PCM, while IEC61937 requires use of compressed audio such as AC3.
That is, for recording of contents received as unprotected inputs, namely, contents which are audio visual contents received as analog signals onto media such as a DVD-R, a DVD-RW and a DVD-RAM within the DVD recorder 221, the DVD recorder 221 first detects electronic watermarks of the contents received as analog signals, and as expressed in FIG. 5 as AWM (audio watermark) SCREENING, performs screening based on the electronic watermarks. In other words, when an electronic watermark is detected and the detected electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”, the DVD recorder 221 does not record the content received as the analog signal. When no electronic watermark is detected or an electronic watermark is detected but the detected electronic watermark denotes other than “no_more_copy”, recording on a DVD-R, a DVD-RW and a DVD-RAM or the like is performed in accordance with AGC and CGMS-A of the contents received as the analog signals as expressed in FIG. 5 as RECORD IN ACCORDANCE WITH AGC AND CGMS-A. In the event that CGMS-A denotes “copy_one_generation” for instance, CGMS-A is updated to “no_more_copy” and the contents received as the analog signals are encrypted and recorded based on the CPRM control method. Meanwhile, when CGMS-A denotes “copy_freely”, the contents received as the analog signals are recorded without being encrypted. Also, when no electronic watermark has been detected recording does not accompany encryption either.
When an electronic watermark is detected and whether the electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy” in the DVD recorder 221, a similar operation to the operation of the recording/playback apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment is executed, thereby attaining an equivalent effect to that realized by the recording/playback apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment. While the recording/playback apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment encrypts and records all contents for recording of the contents, the DVD recorder 221 is different in that the DVD recorder 221 encrypts and records contents depending upon whether electronic watermarks are detected and in accordance with AGC and CGMS-A.
Although the exemplary embodiment is directed to an example of whether an electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy” has been detected, which in turn is determined by noting whether the LSB of the electronic watermark is “1”, the present invention is not limited to this approach. For instance, the present invention may be implemented omitting the aspect that the electronic watermark detection flag or the MSB of an electronic watermark is processed. The processing according to the present invention, may of course, remains applicable even to such an instance.
FIG. 6 shows how an electronic watermark in each state is detected while changing between a mode of detecting only such an electronic watermark which is in the pre-designated state (“no_more_copy”) and a mode of detecting electronic watermarks in all states.
The mode described as “NO_MORE_COPY” ONLY in the “DETECTION MODE” in FIG. 6 is a mode of detecting whether an embedded electronic watermark denotes or does not denote “no_more_copy” among four instances, i.e., an instance that there is no embedded electronic watermark, an instance that an embedded electronic watermark denotes “copy_freely”, an instance that an embedded electronic watermark denotes “copy_one_generation” and an instance that an embedded electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”. On the other hand, the mode described as ALL in the “DETECTION MODE” is a mode of detecting all of the four instances, i.e., an instance that there is no embedded electronic watermark, an instance that an embedded electronic watermark denotes “copy_freely”, an instance that an embedded electronic watermark denotes “copy_one_generation” and an instance that an embedded electronic watermark denotes “no_more_copy”. Further, FIRST DETECTION RESULT denotes a result that an embedded electronic watermark is detected through FIRST ELECTRONIC WATERMARK DETECTION in FIGS. 11 and 2, and SECOND DETECTION RESULT denotes a result that an embedded electronic watermark is detected through SECOND ELECTRONIC WATERMARK DETECTION in FIGS. 11 and 2.
In either mode, a conclusion as for whether to eventually permit copying, is NO only when there is an embedded electronic watermark denoting “no_more_copy”, which does not change depending upon the mode. However, when there are embedded electronic watermarks denoting “copy_freely” and “copy_one_generation”, NO DETECTION is the result of both of the two detections in the mode of detecting “no_more_copy” alone. Whereas in the mode of detecting ALL, the embedded electronic watermarks are detected in the first detection and whether to permit copying is finally determined. For content such as a CD, which is generally unlikely to contain embedded electronic watermarks, implementing the control to invoke the mode of detecting “no_more_copy” alone is efficient. Meanwhile, when DVD audio is to be recorded analog, etc., it is likely that the contents carry embedded electronic watermarks. In such an instance, the control to invoke the mode of detecting all may be exercised. Embedded electronic watermarks may be detected, only once, in the event that the copy control information of the contents denote “copy_one_generation” or “copy_freely”, thereby reducing the volume of processing for detection of the electronic watermarks.
When SD recording of DVD audio at a high speed is desired, the control to invoke the mode of detecting “no_more_copy” alone may be implemented, thereby reducing the load imposed by detection of electronic watermarks and increasing the processing speed. Whereas for SD playback of SDMI-unprotected contents, which does not demand high-speed processing unlike in the case of high-speed recording, the control to invoke the mode of detecting all electronic watermarks may be implemented, thereby reducing the number of times to detect electronic watermarks.
Further, although the foregoing has described that the copy control information denotes three types of control of “no_more_copy”, “copy_one_generation” and “copy_freely” according to the exemplary embodiment, this is not limiting. The copy control information may express four, five or other plural types of control. For instance, the copy control information may express four types of control of “no_more_copy”, “copy_one_generation”, “copy_freely” and “copy_no_more”. In this context, “no_more_copy”, “copy_one_generation” and “copy_freely” have similar meanings to those described above. Meanwhile, “copy_no_more” is a style of copy control for a situation that a content marked “copy_one_generation” is copied once. This copy is thereafter played back, meaning that further copying is prohibited. For SD audio recording of an SDMI-unprotected content containing such copy control information, electronic watermarks denoting the two types of copy control, i.e., “no_more_copy” and “copy_no_more” may be detected. In general, even when there are n types of copy styles (where n is an integer equal to or larger than 1) expressed by copy control information, for recording of such an SDMI-unprotected content, a certain portion of the copy control information maybe detected from among the n types of copy styles, thereby achieving a similar effect to that according to the embodiment. Playback of SDMI-unprotected contents is similar to recording of them.
In relation to a program or a recording medium according to the present invention, “some means (or apparatuses, elements, etc.)” described above refer to one or some means among these plurality of means and “some steps (or processes, operations, functions, etc.)” described above refer to one or some steps among these plurality of steps.
In relation to a program or a recording medium according to the present invention, the “functions of means (or apparatuses, elements, etc.)” described above refer to all or some functions of said means, while the “operations at steps (or processes, operations, functions, etc.)” described above refer to all or some operations at said steps.
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2008Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Processing copy protection signalsJP2000501875A Title not availableJP2001229612A Title not availableJPH1175169A Title not availableWO2001093264A1May 31, 2001Dec 6, 2001Yoichiro SakoRecording medium, recording method of recording medium, recording and/or reproducing method of recording medium, and data copy control methodWO2002011140A1Jul 31, 2001Feb 7, 2002Yoichiro SakoData recording method, data outputting method, and data recording and/or reproducing method* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1 *"4C 12 Bit Watermark Specification", Oct. 1999, 4C Entity, Retrieved from the Internet on Dec. 21, 2009: .2"Amendment 3 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version 1.0", published at http://www.sdmi.org/download/port-device-spec-amend3.pdf, Document No. SDMI-01051710a, Amsterdam, dated May 17, 2001.3 *"4C 12 Bit Watermark Specification", Oct. 1999, 4C Entity, Retrieved from the Internet on Dec. 21, 2009: <URL: http://www.4centity.com/docs/4C—Spec.pdf>.4"Amendment 3 to SDMI Portable Device Specification, Part I, Version 1.0", published at http://www.sdmi.org/download/port—device—spec—amend3.pdf, Document No. SDMI-01051710a, Amsterdam, dated May 17, 2001.5International Search Report for PCT/JP2004/000189, dated Apr. 13, 2004.6 *Winograd, "Audio Watermarking Technologies for Protection of Digital Audio and Video", Sep. 2000, Verance Corporation, Retrieved from the Internet on Dec. 21, 2009: <URL: http://www.cptwg.org/Assets/Presentations/September%20presentations/DVD-CPTWGv1-0%5B1%5D.ppt>.7 *Winograd, "Audio Watermarking Technologies for Protection of Digital Audio and Video", Sep. 2000, Verance Corporation, Retrieved from the Internet on Dec. 21, 2009: <URL: http://www.cptwg.org/Assets/Presentations/September%20presentations/DVD—CPTWGv1—0%5B1%5D.ppt>.* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification726/31, 726/32, 726/30, 713/176International ClassificationG06F21/24, H04N5/913, G11B20/00, G06F21/00Cooperative ClassificationH04N5/913, H04N2005/91335, G11B20/00086, G11B20/00884, G06F21/10European ClassificationG06F21/10, G11B20/00P14, H04N5/913, G11B20/00PLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionFeb 9, 2006ASAssignmentOwner name: MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD., JAPANFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MURAKI, KENJI;KANEAKI, TETSUHIKO;REEL/FRAME:017533/0328Effective date: 20050309Nov 24, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: PANASONIC CORPORATION, JAPANFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.;REEL/FRAME:021897/0653Effective date: 20081001Owner name: PANASONIC CORPORATION,JAPANFree format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.;US-ASSIGNMENT DATABASE UPDATED:20100203;REEL/FRAME:21897/653Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.;US-ASSIGNMENT DATABASE UPDATED:20100209;REEL/FRAME:21897/653Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:MATSUSHITA 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