Source: http://www.narf.org/nill/Codes/makahcode/makahlawt11.htm
Timestamp: 2014-07-28 06:15:33
Document Index: 272551876

Matched Legal Cases: ['§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11', '§11']

Enacted: 1999 TITLE 11: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE CODE CHAPTER 1
That the unity of our Tribe depends upon the unity of our families, and that a family wracked by domestic violence is neither strong nor stable. That the future of our Tribe depends upon the future of our children, and that a child who experiences domestic violence, as either victim or witness, carries deep emotional scars.
"Dating relationship" means a social relationship of a romantic nature. In determining whether parties have a "dating relationship," the Court shall consider: The length of time the relationship has existed.
"Domestic violence" means any one of the following when occurring between family or household members: Commission of an act that constitutes a crime under MLOC Title 5, Chapter 1 , as now or hereafter amended.
"Domestic violence" does not include acts of self-defense or in defense of another reasonably taken in response to acts of domestic violence. "Essential personal effects" means those items necessary for a person's immediate health, welfare, and livelihood, such as clothing, cribs, bedding, medications, personal documents, personal hygiene items, and tools of trade.
Physically or mentally disabled persons and their caregivers. Elders sixty years of age or older and their caregivers.
"Probable cause" means that a police officer, acting as a person with ordinary caution, has reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed a crime, based on all the facts known to the office, including the officer's personal observations, statements by parties involved in the incident, statements by witnesses, and any other reliable information. "Prosecutor" means the Office of the Makah Tribal Prosecutor.
§11.3.01 Domestic Violence A person is guilty of domestic violence if the person commits an act of domestic violence, as defined in MLOC 11.1.04 (e).
commits an act of domestic violence, as defined in MLOC 11.1.04 (e); and prevents or attempts to prevent the victim of or a witness to such act of domestic violence from calling 911 emergency communications system, obtaining medical assistance, or making a report to any law enforcement official.
Interfering with the reporting of domestic violence is a Class B offense. CHAPTER 4
§11.4.05 In-Custody Hearing; Release Conditions Unless the Court finds that the defendant should be held pending further criminal proceedings, the Court shall order release of the defendant upon one or more of the following conditions:
Surrender of and Restraint Against Possession and Use of Dangerous Weapons: If the Court finds probable cause to believe that the defendant used, displayed, or threatened to use a firearm or other dangerous weapon in the commission of the alleged act of domestic violence or in the presence of a police officer responding to the report of domestic violence, subject to a requirement that the defendant surrender firearms and other dangerous weapons owned by the defendant or in the defendant's possession to the Chief of Police, NBPD, and the subject to a restrain against possession and use of firearms and other dangerous weapons. §11.4.06 No-Contact Order
Contact Restraints: Restrain the defendant from coming near and from having any contact, directly or indirectly, in person, in writing, by telephone, or through a third party, with the victim, with the victim's family or household members, or with a witness to the alleged act of domestic violence, except that essential contact may be made through application to the Court. Geographic Restraints: Restrain the defendant from frequently any well-defined geographic are, including but not limited to the residence, workplace, school, or daycare of the victim, of the victim's family or household members, or of a witness to the alleged act of domestic violence.
Restraint Against Possession and Use of Intoxicants and Drugs: If the Court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the act of domestic violence was committed under the influence of alcoholic beverages or non-prescription controlled substances, the Court may impose the restraint described in MLOC 11.4.05 (g) as a condition of probation. Surrender of a Restraint Against Possession and Use of Dangerous Weapons: If the Court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant used, displayed, or threatened to use a firearm or other dangerous weapon in the commission of the act of domestic violence or in the presence of a police officer responding to the report of domestic violence, the Court may require the surrender and impose the restraint described in MLOC 11.4.05 (h) as conditions of probation. Any firearm or other dangerous weapon surrendered to the Chief of Police, NBPD, as a condition of probation shall be destroyed.
§11.4.11 Emergency No-Contact Order Procedure and Standard for Issuance: The Court may issue an emergency no-contact order when a NBPD officer or the Prosecutor states to the Court, in person or by telephone, and the Court finds probable cause to believe, that an act of domestic violence has occurred and that the victim, the victim's family, or household members, or a witness to the act of domestic violence is in immediate danger of further acts of violence. The Court's oral order shall be reflected in a written order prepared and signed by the Court or by the NBPD officer Prosecutor on behalf of the Court. The NBPD or the Prosecutor shall serve copies of the order upon the alleged perpetrator and deliver a copy to the Court by the end of the next judicial day.
Contents of Order: An emergency no-contact order may contain the restraints described in MLOC 11.4.06, along with such other provisions as the Court deems necessary to assure the immediate safety and welfare of the victim, of the victim's family or household members, or of a witness to the alleged act of domestic violence. Duration of Order: An emergency no-contact order shall be effective until vacated by the Court or for a period of ten judicial days from the issuance of the order, whichever occurs first. CHAPTER 5
A victim on his or her own behalf. A family or household member on behalf of a minor victim, but a minor sixteen years of age or older may file a petition on his or her own behalf.
Social Services on behalf of a victim. Family and household members may jointly file a single petition. §11.5.03 Venue A petition may be filed under this Chapter in any of the following circumstances: The petitioner resides on the Reservation. The respondent resides on the Reservation.
Other Litigation or Orders; Continuing Duty: In addition to any other information required by the Court, a petition under this Chapter shall disclose the existence, in any jurisdiction, of any other civil or criminal litigation involving the parties or concerning the custody or residential placement of a child of the parties and the existence of any other no-contact order, protection order, restraining order, stay-away order, anti-harassment order, and the like between parties. So long as the petition is pending or the Court's order for protection remains in effect, the petitioner or filing party shall have a continuing duty to inform the Court about such litigation and orders. Petitioner's Whereabouts: A petition under this Chapter need not include petitioner's address, telephone number, or other information that would reveal petitioner's whereabouts. If such information is omitted, the Court shall inquire in camera and maintain the information under seal, to be used on a confidential basis to advance the proceedings. §11.5.05 Appointment of Guardian ad Litem
Contents of Order: A temporary order for protection may grant any of the relief listed under MLOC 11.5.11 as the Court deems necessary to assure the immediate safety and welfare of the petitioner and petitioner's family and household members. Duration of Order: A temporary order for protection shall be effective for a period not to exceed ten judicial days, unless reissued for good cause. But if personal service on the respondent is not feasible, as described in MLOC 11.5.08 (c), then a temporary order shall be effective for a period not to exceed twenty judicial days, unless reissued for good cause. Ex Parte Hearing: The Court may grant a temporary order for protection based solely upon the petition and affidavit or the Court may require the petitioner, the filing party, or both to appear at an ex parte hearing in person or by telephone on the day the petition is filed or on the next judicial day.
Personal Service; Hearing Within 10 Days: Where feasible, the respondent shall be personally served by an NBPD officer, and the hearing shall be scheduled within ten judicial days after the petition is filed. Service by Other Means; Hearing Within 20 Days: Where personal service is not feasible or has failed after diligent effort, the Court shall order service by certified mail, return receipt requested, or by any other feasible means reasonably likely to notify the respondent. In such case, the hearing shall be scheduled within twenty judicial days after the petition is filed or the scheduling order is entered. A return receipt for certified mail, when received by Court, shall constitute prima facie evidence that the respondent received proper notice of the hearing. Continuance of Hearing: A respondent who, without fault, does not receive proper notice at least five calendar days prior to the hearing may request a continuance. Barring exceptional circumstances, the Court shall grant a continuance of no more than ten judicial days. At the same time, the Court may issue or reissue a temporary order for protection as appropriate under MLOC 11.5.07. §11.5.09 Failure to Appear Petitioner's Failure to Appear: If neither the petitioner nor the filing party appears at the hearing, the Court may continue the hearing for no more than ten judicial days and, at the same time, issue or reissue a temporary order for protection as appropriate under MLOC 11.5.07. Alternatively, the Court shall dismiss the petition without prejudice.
Respondent's Failure to Appear After Proper Notice: If the respondent does not appear for the hearing after receiving proper notice, the hearing shall go forward. Respondent's Failure to Appear After Eluding Service: When the respondent has not received proper notice and all feasible means reasonably likely to notify the respondent have been exhausted, the hearing may go forward if the petitioner or the filing party demonstrates that the respondent has intentionally eluded service. Such a showing may be made through an affidavit by an NBPD officer, by the petitioner or the filing party, or by any other person with personal knowledge. The affidavit shall plainly state the facts that lead the affiant to believe that respondent is avoiding service. §11.5.10 Hearing
In-Person or by Telephone: The hearing shall be conducted in person, unless the Court finds that a telephone hearing is necessary, in whole or in part, to accommodate a party's disability or to protect a victim. Evidentiary Standard: In order to obtain relief, the petitioner or filing party must show that there is a present danger of domestic violence to petitioner, based on evidence that an act of domestic violence has occurred or is about to occur. If the Court finds by a preponderance of the evidence, after a full hearing, that there is a present danger of domestic violence, the Court shall enter an order for protection as described in MLOC 11.5.11.
Care, Custody, and Control of Minor Children; Restraint Against Interference: Provide for the care, custody, and control of the minor children of the parties, and restrain the respondent from interfering with the petitioner's care, custody, and control. In making provision for a minor child, the Court shall presume that the respondent is unfit to have care, custody, and control. The respondent may rebut the presumption by showing that he or she does not commit domestic violence against the child and that his or her acts of domestic violence do not adversely affect the child. Residential Time or Visitation with Minor Children: Grant the non-custodial parent residential time or visitation with the minor children of the parties, under such conditions as the Court deems necessary to assure the safety and welfare of the minor children, the custodial parent, and other family and household members. Support and Maintenance: Order the respondent to pay child support if the respondent is founds to have a duty to pay such support. Order the respondent to pay maintenance or spousal support if the respondent is found to have a duty to pay such support.
Restraint Against Possession and Use of Dangerous Weapons: Restrain the respondent from the possession and use of firearms and other dangerous weapons. §11.5.12 Renewal of Order for Protection
Disposition of Motion; Evidentiary Standard: The Court shall grant the motion to renew unless the respondent proves by a preponderance of the evidence that the respondent will not resume acts of domestic violence against the petitioner and the petitioner's family and household members when the order expires. If there has been no violation of the order for protection, the Court shall take this fact as a presumption that the order has been effective in assuring the petitioner's safety. The Court shall not use this fact as the sole basis for concluding that the order is no longer necessary. Duration of Renewed Order for Protection: The Court shall renew an order for protection for a fixed period not to exceed one year, but the Court may exercise its discretion to make the order permanent if domestic violence has resulted in hospitalization, life-threatening injuries, or significant impairment.
§11.5.13 Termination or Modification of Order for Protection Motion to Terminate or Modify: The petitioner, the filing party, or the respondent may file a written motion to terminate or modify the terms of an existing order for protection. The motion shall be supported by and affidavit stating why the movant believes the termination or modification is warranted due to changed or unanticipated circumstances. Disposition of Motion: The Court shall cause a motion to terminate or to modify to be served on the other party. At the same time, the Court may deny the motion outright but, if the motion appears to have merit, the Court shall order a written response or schedule a hearing, or both. Under exigent circumstances, the Court may temporarily grant a motion to modify on an ex parte basis, without notice to the other party, pending a written response, a hearing , or both.
§11.5.14 Violation of Order for Protection Motion by Petitioner or Filing Party: If there is probable cause to believe that the respondent violated the terms of an order for protection, the petitioner or the filing party may file a written motion for an order to show cause, supported by an affidavit stating the specific facts and circumstances constituting the alleged violation. The Court shall cause the motion to be served on the respondent. At the same time, the Court may deny the motion outright but, if the motion appears to have merit, the Court shall proceed under MLOC Title 1, Chapter 15. The Court may also refer the matter to the Prosecutor for prosecution.
Action by Prosecutor: Upon receipt of a Court referral, police report, or statement from any person with personal knowledge that the terms of an order for protection have been violated, the Prosecutor may proceed under MLOC 11.3.01, under MLOC Title 1, Chapter 15, or under any other appropriate provision. §11.5.15 Realignment of Parties
Because of a lapse of time between an act of domestic violence and the filing of a petition. CHAPTER 6
The Court shall insure that a judge is available twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, to consider requests for emergency no-contact orders and temporary orders for protection.
CHAPTER 8 Duties of NBPD
§11.11.01 Severability *[Digitizer's Note: Pages May Be Missing] Back to Top