Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/214/2142698.html
Timestamp: 2019-11-15 03:55:53
Document Index: 791583451

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 32', 'arts 37', 'arts 37', 'arts 37', 'arts 31', 'arts 37', 'art 31', 'arts 31', 'art 49', 'art 37', 'art;\n32', 'art;\n33', 'art;\n45']

Device for plant protection in the form of guarding against weather influences and collapsible blind as the protection of cultivated plants
Device for protection of plants made in the form of a fence, stretched over the cultivated crop to protect it from weather. The device includes a frame consisting of longitudinal and transverse support elements, and at least one waterproof collapsible curtain. To hold and move the curtains are movable bearing device placed in parallel rows transversely of the supporting cords. The curtain includes a frame, consisting of strips or tapes and/or cords, and can be extended from a folded position in stretched, and Vice versa. The shade is a tool, which in its extended position forming channels. The curtain is made of waterproof laminated material transparent to solar rays, and the presence of the channels provides a flow of water from the surface of the curtains, which reduces the strain on the curtain and frame. 2 C. and 16 h.p. f-crystals, 18 ill.
The invention relates to a device for protecting plants in the form of a device for protection from the weather elements that can be spanned over cultivated culture, it consists of a frame made of longitudinal and transverse A folding curtain for protection of plants can be pulled out of the folded position, and Vice-versa. The invention also relates to folding curtains for protection of plants.
So far, the greenhouses are traditionally made of glass, with the construction of frames of steel and glass, is secured at both sides and on the roof. The lack of greenhouses of this type is that their construction is costly, and that on Sunny days in them too warm, and therefore measures are required to control the temperature that the insulation is very weak, and this means that they require intense heat in the winter, in that they lead to condensation of water, and that they themselves do not allow large scale to carry out mechanized tillage, etc. in recent years, there are many cases when under saddle-type roof greenhouses are folding curtains. Curtains greenhouses can be used to regulate the magnitude of shading and temperature conditions, as well as to provide some humidity.
The authors propose a simple system for growing plants, for example of this type is described in U.S. patent US 5265373, consisting of designs of racks connected to each dreameye areas, to install dual folding curtains to protect plants while shading curtain can cover the entire frame area or to leave it open. If desired protection from frost, shade curtain can be detached from the adjusting cords and in the same frame section can be attached to the other curtain. If replacing the curtain is made of perforated, it will not be able to accumulate water, but if the curtains are designed to protect from frost, they should be waterproof. The problem is how to make flowing water without the formation of water pockets and to hold the weight of snow on a thin wire system. This document is not given the solution to these problems.
From European patent EP-A1-028282 known isolation structures in the form of large areas, such as greenhouses, which consists of bubble films, fold in a zigzag form, so that they can be used to isolate the inner side of the glass roof or the sides of the greenhouse. Film by holders hanging on the wire and the slot width of the folds can be adjusted by changing the length of the spacer parts, priciple for draining condensed moisture and ventilation multilayer films.
In canadian patent CA-A1-2094775 proposed drainage system for a retractable roof in the form of membranes, through equal distances parallel to the skate roof of the greenhouse is tensioned wire, and thereto using fasteners are attached to the membrane lying on the floors. This way of mounting the membranes that are free in other respects, which means they form a large number of Blockoban holes, suspended in four places, so that may accumulate large amounts of water, especially in the case when the slope of the ceiling is low.
The purpose of the invention and its most important distinguishing features
The purpose of the invention is to obtain a device for plant protection and waterproof foldable protective curtains, which greatly illuminated by the solar rays, may, by capillary forces to bind the water formed from the condensation on its lower surface can be sufficiently stretched so that did not form water pockets, and designed to avoid snow loads. This is achieved by distinguishing characteristics that are listed in the claims.
the links to the accompanying drawings.
In Fig. 1 in perspective shows the device for protection of plants with protective curtains, made according to the invention, and it is shown partially closed and partially open.
In Fig. 2 schematically and in enlarged scale presents net design knitted curtains before it is joined by the plastic covering.
In Fig. 3 presents a cross section of a curtain according to Fig. 2 after applying a layer of plastic.
In Fig. 4a, 4b and 4c schematically and in enlarged scale presents net design three alternative knitted curtains before applying them to the plastic layer.
In Fig. 5 presents a top view of a frame section of the device for protection of plants, shown in Fig. 1, with a protective curtain in extended position.
In Fig. 6 presents a cross-section along the line VI - VI in Fig. 5.
In Fig. 7 presents a cross section of the device for protection of plants according to Fig. 5 with curtains in the designated position.
In Fig. 8 shows a cross section along the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 5.
In Fig. 9 presents a cross section of part of a modified apparatus for protecting plants according to the invention with the W cross-section in Fig. 9, with curtains in the designated position.
In Fig. 11 presents a cross section of part of another modified apparatus for protecting plants with asymmetrically stretched by a curtain.
In Fig. 12 on a larger scale presents a cross section along the line XII-XII in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 13 shows a front view of an alternate connection.
In Fig. 14 shows a cross section along the line XIV-XIV in Fig. 13.
In Fig. 15 presents a short cross-section of the spacer part.
In Fig. 16 presents a cross section along the line XVI-XVI in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 17 in the long term presents a modified device for protecting plants according to the invention with a saddle roof and protective curtains in the designated position. In Fig. 18 presents a cross-section of another modified example according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 shows a device 10 for protection of plants, which includes a certain number of spaced apart and arranged rows of racks 11, which hold the frame 12 consisting of longitudinal and transverse support elements 13, 14. The frame 12 forms a certain amount is to be extended from a folded position (shown in zone 15b) to cover the entire zone 15a.
The curtain 16 is shown in Fig. 2 and 3, consists of a large number of small strips 17 are connected to each other by means of textile cords, which form a spun frame 18, which is performed through the weaving technology. Narrow tapes are placed tightly against each other with fit edge to edge and positioned between them a thin layer of spun cords, so that they form an essentially continuous surface. In order to show the shape of a mesh design, the distance between the narrow strips 17 are exaggerated. To the extent possible the best way to attach the narrow tape, spun skeletons consist of longitudinal connecting cords 19 and transverse retainer cords 20 and 21 on both sides of the narrow strips.
To ensure that the curtain could oppose the forces due to weather impacts and wind, and to prevent the appearance of unwanted wrinkles, which can prevent the runoff of water, it is necessary that it was stretched on the frame section 15. With this purpose, a narrow strip at regular intervals, comprising, for example, 30-40 cm, further provided with a tensioning cords 22, the width of which is equal to the width of the narrow tape 17a or less of it, so that it is on one side of the surface layer 23 of the respective plastic material, which preferably represents the same material as the material of the yarn curtains, and possibly tapes. Material group, which shows itself corresponds to polyolefins, and this group includes polyethylene and polypropylene. A plastic layer or a layered structure accordingly is done by pushing in the shade softened plastic in the area of squeezing between two rollers, with the upper side has a smooth waterproof surface, while the lower side still retains the distinctive characteristics of textiles. Narrow ribbon 17 is intended to prevent fill stretch cords 22 in plastic material, so the tension cords can be moved in the longitudinal direction, while spun the frame 18 with narrow strips rigidly attached to the plastic, while spun down, and to a certain extent and narrow ribbons form a hardening plastic layer.
Instead of making knitting curtain can also be woven according to Fig. 4a of narrow strips 17 in the direction of the base, and a duck. In another embodiment, made according to Fig. 4, from narrow strips 17 is only the basis, while the weft is composed of textile cords 25. With the catch cords 24, while the duck is shown in Fig. 4c textile cords 25 in the form of a woven connection of two or four parts. Then on woven curtain as described above is applied to a thin plastic layer 23. In addition, the curtain is woven stretch cords 22, which on one or both sides protected by narrow strips 17, so that the tension cords can move freely in the curtain in the longitudinal direction and after coating with plastic.
Stretch cords 22 may also be coated with a material that prevents the mounting surface layer to stretch the cords during layup. They can also completely made out of such material, which may, for example, be Teflon.
Selection of tapes that make up the curtain, dictated a certain number of requirements, namely whether they should be weak emitters, transparent, opaque, impenetrable mainly to ultraviolet rays or possess some other specific features. It may be desirable to, for example, the material of narrow strips was fireproof.
If the curtain is designed to prevent water condensation, the lower side should be volokonnie challenge due to capillary action. If it is desirable to cover both the sides of the waterproof layers, in this case, the condensation water can be connected, for example, flocculent fiber coating. Another way to prevent or in many cases reduce the condensation of water droplets is added to the polymer chemicals that reduce the surface tension.
In the example shown in Fig. 5, 6 and 7, the tension cords 22 is combined with the curtain 16, where they perform a dual function of the tension cords and strengthening cords. Stretch cords are free at both ends, each of which is attached to the slider 26, which are in rolling contact with the guide device 27, attached to the cross support element 14. The sliders 26 is equipped with a tension device 28, which allows you to tighten the tension cords 22 between the support elements 14. These parts together form the support device 9.
When the interval between the tensioning cords 22, comprising 40-60 cm, the curtain 16 via connector 29 is held by the supporting cords 30, disposable across the stretch cords. Reference cords 30 are attached to the longitudinal support element 13a on a slightly higher level than the level of tension snore WO 92/12621), attached to the curtains so that the hooks carry out the seizure under tension cords 22, and this means that they are tightly fastened to the curtains, but you can still move relative to the curtains on their length. This connection also implies that the curtain separated along the stretch cords 22 on the stationary upper folding portion 31, and the curtain between the tensioning cords 22 in its lower part 32 forms a more soft folds.
Maneuvering the curtain 16 is carried by means of a bearing device 33, through which the sliding Shoe 34 is held by the supporting cords 30 and which moves in the guiding device 27 by means of the reinforcing cord 22a and runners 26a on both its ends. Through a certain number is endless traction cords 35, spaced from each other at a distance of, for example, of the order of 2-3 meters and passing around pulleys 38 mounted on the outer support element 13a carrying device 33 can be moved along the guide devices 27 between the support elements, thereby curtains 16 can be extended from their folded positions according to Fig. 7 near the longitudinal support element 13a in their stretched position, in which the bearing at the th shown in Fig. 6. The outer longitudinal supporting element 13a serves as a mounting means for supporting cords 30, while the inner longitudinal supporting element 13b serves as a mounting means 39 to the end edges 16a of one of the curtains 16, as shown in Fig. 12. Maneuvering the curtain properly performed by a motor, not shown in the figure, which drives one of the pulleys 38. Of course, you can connect with each other some curtains on the various frame sections 15 and to simultaneously maneuvering them.
Side load-bearing beams 13b in the direction from the holder 39 is made in the form of an L-shaped flange 40 on the free end of which is another bracket 41 that is designed for gutters 42, the opposite end of which is held by a bearing 43, attached to the load-bearing beam 13. In many cases it is desirable to provide ventilation zone under the curtain when it is raining, and with this purpose, the curtains can be stretched to form a slit, a somewhat smaller width than the gutter 42, so that could be obtained drainage vent.
In the extended position concem way overlaps the gutter 42.
In the presented examples stretched curtain 16 is not flat, but rather forms a longitudinal channels 36 with the upper portions of the channels that are on the level of tension cords 22, and the lower parts of the channels between them. To get a specific profile of the channels between the tops of the channels are flexible spacer parts 37, shorter in length than the width of the arc channel. Thus, the spacer parts 37 limit the length, with curtains form a channel 36 between the tensioning cords. The advantage of this arrangement compared to a flat surface is that a certain way is controlled runoff, while on large flat surfaces are easily formed water pockets that become so large that the curtain or all of the device for protection of plants, is destroyed. Channels according to the invention are held virtually throughout their length and hang on the supporting cords 30, the interval c-c between which is of the order of 30-40 cm, which means that water pockets may not be formed even during a possible very heavy rain. Spacer parts 37 are appropriate cords, ribbons, or anything similar to them and can SOS is x loops 51, located at equal distances from each other corresponding to the distance between the tensioning cords 22. Loop 51 zakalyvaet over connection 29, which is mounted between the channels.
Stretch cords 22 occupy a parallel position and are at a relatively short distance from each other, for example amounting to 40-50 cm, and their tight tension between the support elements 14 means that in the extended position when the weather is dry, the curtain can be stretched so that it is completely flat, that is, the spacer parts are missing, and that the formation of channels occurs only when loading caused by precipitation.
It is not necessary that the tension cords 22 are attached to the upper portions of the channels, as shown in the previous example; they can be attached at the bottom of the channels, as shown in Fig. 9, 10 and 11, i.e. between the upper folding portions 31 along the path 16 of the curtains, and in this case, the guiding device 27 is located at a lower level. Reinforcing cords 22A, which distribute the load on the seat mounts at a greater distance are shown in upper folding parts 31. The reason NAT is that the bottom of the channels can be better stretched, what prevents creases in the channel 36. In addition, there is no need for spacer parts 37, because the curtain in the tense position forms a natural channels 36. Stretch cords 22 may also be arranged asymmetrically with respect to the upper folding part 31, as shown in Fig. 11, thereby the width of the package folded curtains can be reduced in comparison with the previous example. In addition, the tension cords can be in upper folding parts 31 and between them.
The connector 29 can be attached to several different forms, for example they may constitute hooks 29a, which are manually attached to the curtains, or, as shown in Fig. 13 and 14, the terminals 29b from an appropriate plastic material. The clamps are U-shaped cross section between the tail portions 45 which may be placed a curtain 16 which includes a tension cord 22 or reinforcing cord 22a. In the hole in the tail parts and through the curtain inserted two rivets or typed double rivet 46. The act itself is mounting for a tight hold of the curtains may be performed in different ways. In the present example, the pressure on the tail part is achieved through the sculpts are formed head. The inner surface of the tail portions opposite to the tension cords formed with a recess 47, which is large enough to stretch the cord 22 is free to move along its length. The recess 47 is made with the console 53 in the passage leading to the gap between the tail portions 45, where it is clamped curtain. Stretch the cord can be combined with curtains 16, or it can be free, and, for example, may already be stretched between the supporting elements, before the curtain is on a stretch cord and fastened to them by means of the connectors 29.
The upper part of the clamp 29b is formed with a hook 48, equipped with a wide part 49 at its free end, with the wide part can be inserted into, respectively, it formed the groove so that it is guaranteed preventing withdrawal of the hook from the connected position. The hook 48 engages the anchor cord 30 and is attached. In the transition from clip to hook clamp 48 29b has a neck 50, around which can be installed loop 51 of the spacer part 37.
The frame 12 attached to the slight inclination of, for example, 2 degrees, in the direction of the length of the support element, so the channels 36 blinds tilted to the same degree, so it's good drainer is the quiet provide drainage of water to the drain pipe (not shown).
As shown in Fig. 17, the invention is not limited to devices for protection of plants, with a flat roof; rather, they can be applied to saddle-shaped roof. In this case, each frame area 15 forms one part of the inclined saddle-shaped roof, while the upper frame trusses gable roof corresponds to a transverse supporting element 14 and the main rod longitudinal support element 13. When this tension cords 22 is stretched between the upper frames and the reference cords 30 follow the slope saddle-shaped roof. In the same way as in the example according to Fig. 6, the path of curtains without breaks stretched from the first core rod 13a to the ridge of the roof corresponding to the reference element 13b, and from there to the timber roof, which is also supporting element 13b, and up to the next ridge 13b roof and so on to the last core rod 13a. Very possible devices for protection of plants, length of 100 meters or more. All curtains on each frame portion can be manoeuvred simultaneously, they can be stretched or folded within one working stage.
In the example shown in Fig. 17, the curtain is stretched so that it is essentially flat, as the tension cords Orien is between the two frame sections 15 are tilted to each other, that is, the supporting element, which acts as a beam 13b of the roof, should be slightly tilted so the water in the channels can flow.
In the case of snow in the first example of a conventional heat protective devices must melt the snow, so can not be accumulated thick snow cover, and if the amount of heat is insufficient, the electric wires in the curtains, running in the longitudinal and/or transverse directions, can be connected to a power source (as opposed to a source of low voltage), and may be provided with direct heating of the curtains.
In the previous examples, the tension of the curtains is achieved by tensioning cords 22, which by means of rollers 26 or the like movable along the transverse support element 14 of the frame 12. In Fig. 18 stretch cords 22 are replaced by rods 54, which are attached to upper folding side curtains or engage with it in a different way. The purpose of the rods is to keep the curtains pulled over the entire length between the transverse support elements 14, but without connecting to them. The rods 54 through the connector 29, for example by means of hooks 29a, hold the supporting cords 30.
As Is. 13 and 14, the rods 54 form stretched in the lateral direction of the carrier device.
9 - support device;
10 - device for plant protection;
11 - stand;
12 - frame;
13 is a longitudinal supporting elements;
14 is a transverse supporting elements;
15 is a rectangular area;
16 - blinds for plants protection;
17 is a narrow ribbon;
18 - skeleton;
19 - patch cords;
20 - fixing cords;
21 - fixing cords;
22 - tension cord;
22a - reinforcing cord;
23 - surface layer = plastic coating;
24 - reinforcing cords;
25 - weft cords;
26 is a device to reduce friction, for example the slider;
27 - guiding device;
28 - tensioner;
29 - connector;
29a - hook;
29b - clamp;
30 - supporting cords;
31 - upper bent part;
32 - the lower bent part;
33 - support device;
34 is a sliding Shoe;
35 - traction cords;
36 - channels;
37 - spacer item;
38 - pulleys;
39 - mounting;
40 - flange;
41 - mounting;
42 - gutter;
43 - support;
44 - corner part;
45 - tail cha
51 - loop;
52 - gutter;
53 console;
54 - rods;
1. Device for plant protection in the form of guarding against weather influences stretching over cultivated a culture that includes a frame (12), consisting of longitudinal and transverse support elements (13, 14), in which at least one waterproof foldable curtain (16) for protection of plants can stretch from a folded position, and Vice versa, and the blind via connectors (29) hanging on the supporting cords (30) attached to the longitudinal support elements (13) of the frame, characterized in that the curtain (16) is held or moved along its length by moving the supporting device (9) is essentially parallel rows of elongated along the curtains cross reference cords (30) and the curtain (16) in its extended position is located so that it forms channels (36) between the bearing device (9).
2. Device for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that at least some of the bearing device (9) is separated spacer parts (37) of less length than the width of the arc channels in the extended position of the curtains.
3. Device for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that the bearing device is Vigna stretched transversely cords (30) between the transverse elements (14) of the frame.
4. Device for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that the bearing device (9) is made in the form of rods (54), hanging freely on the supporting cords (30) in the frame (12), and these rods are attached to the upper folding part of the curtains.
5. Device for protection of plants under item 3, characterized in that the ends of the tension cords (22) provided with a device (26) to reduce friction, each preferably with a slider that moves in the guide device (27) along the supporting elements (13) of the frame (12).
6. Device for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that the tension cords (22) located at the top of the folding parts (31) curtains (16) or in those parts and/or in the curtain between them, for example in the lower folding parts (32) or asymmetrically with respect to the upper folding part (31).
7. Device for protection of plants under item 3, characterized in that the tension cords (22) separated from the curtains attached to the connectors (29b), covering at least part of the upper folding part (31) curtains (16), with connectors made in one piece with the curtain.
8. Device for protection of plants under item 3 or 4, characterized in that the connectors (29) R what you plant on p. 6, characterized in that the connectors (29b) provided with recesses (47) for the hard, but provide flexibility in the longitudinal direction of the mounting tension or reinforcing cords (22).
10. Device for protection of plants under item 9, characterized in that the connectors (29b) is designed in such a way that they include the console (53) for transmitting load-bearing forces acting on the tension or reinforcing cords (22), to the connector in its assembled position on the curtain.
11. Device for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that one of the longitudinal side edges of the curtains (16) is attached to one longitudinal supporting elements (13A) of the frame (12) and that the opposite side edge of the curtains attached to the supporting device (33) which, through a drive mechanism (30, 38) has the ability to move between the longitudinal support elements (13A and 13b).
12. Device for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that the fixed gutter (50) is located along the second longitudinal support element (13) of the frame (12) under the tie rod curtain so that it forms a Weir, and that the curtain is positioned in such a way that in the open position, in which the expanded strip is narrower than the width of the gutter is eusto for protection of plants under item 1, characterized in that the spacer part (37) consists of a looped cable, which includes a continuous series of loops (51) with the distance between them corresponding to the distance between the upper folding part (31) of the curtains when they form interconnected channels (36).
14. Collapsible blind as the protection of cultivated plants, with a curtain (16) has a tensile strength in longitudinal and transverse directions and through the connectors (29) hanging on a certain number of reference cords (30) stretched across the curtains, and blinds can be stretched from the folded position to the stretched position, and Vice versa, and includes a frame (18), consisting of strips or tapes and/or cords, characterized in that the curtain (16) made of waterproof laminate and that it includes relatively movable stretch it or reinforcing cords (22) who is actually in parallel rows along the length of the curtains, the curtain is provided with a means, which in its extended position forms the channels (36), and that the tension cords (22) preferably combined with curtains (16) and are located at the top of the folding parts (31) and/or in the curved part of the channel (36) curtains.
15. Stage mentioned by frame (18), characterized in that the curtain (16) covered with a waterproof layer (23), at least one side forming a layered material produced by pressing together at least partially molten coating material and curtains.
16. Curtain for protection of plants under item 14, characterized in that some of the flexible tape (17) supplemented longitudinal tension or reinforcing cords (22), with the strips attached to this form that they cover the respective cord from the side, to which is applied a covering material, so that the tension cord has the possibility of free movement in layered material in the longitudinal direction.
17. Device for protection of plants by p. 15, characterized in that stretch cords have a surface or covered with a material which prevents adhesion of the surface layer to the tension cords.
18. Device for protection of plants under item 14, characterized in that the curtain along its length and/or width with an electric wire having a resistance that can be connected to a source of electrical energy, and electrical wires with high resistance is preferably located in the area around about