Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7791424?dq=5998925
Timestamp: 2016-02-10 02:56:29
Document Index: 163727847

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 04020779', 'Application No. 03', 'Application No. 03', 'Application No. 200610126947', 'Application No. 200610126949', 'Application No. 200605916', 'Application No. 200605918', 'Application No. 03', 'Application No. 04', 'Application No. 200610126947']

Patent US7791424 - Crystal oscillator emulator - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit comprises a first temperature sensor that senses a first temperature of the integrated circuit. Memory stores calibration parameters and selects at least one of the calibration parameters based on the first temperature. A semiconductor oscillator generates...http://www.google.com/patents/US7791424?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7791424 - Crystal oscillator emulatorAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7791424 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/732,304Publication dateSep 7, 2010Filing dateApr 3, 2007Priority dateOct 15, 2002Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS8063711, US20070176705, US20110001571Publication number11732304, 732304, US 7791424 B2, US 7791424B2, US-B2-7791424, US7791424 B2, US7791424B2InventorsSehat SutardjaOriginal AssigneeMarvell World Trade Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (111), Non-Patent Citations (23), Referenced by (6), Classifications (25), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetCrystal oscillator emulator
US 7791424 B2Abstract
a semiconductor oscillator that generates an output signal having a frequency, which is based on said calibration parameters, and an amplitude; and
an amplitude adjustment module that compares said amplitude to a predetermined amplitude and that generates a control signal that adjusts said amplitude based on said comparison.
2. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein said semiconductor oscillator includes a resonating circuit.
3. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 2 wherein said semiconductor oscillator includes a bias adjusting circuit that receives said control signal and that generates a bias signal that biases said resonating circuit to adjust said amplitude based on said control signal.
4. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 3 wherein said bias signal includes a voltage bias signal.
5. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 3 wherein said bias signal includes a current bias signal.
6. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 3 wherein said resonating circuit includes:
an inductive-capacitive (LC) circuit; and
cross-coupled transistors that communicate with said LC circuit.
7. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising a select input that selects said frequency as a function of an external passive component.
8. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 1 further comprising:
9. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 8 wherein said heater operates in response to said first temperature sensor.
10. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein said semiconductor oscillator is selected from a group consisting of inductive-capacitive (LC) oscillators, resistive capacitive (RC) oscillators and ring oscillators.
semiconductor oscillating means for generating an output signal having a frequency, which is based on said calibration parameters, and an amplitude; and
amplitude adjustment means for comparing said amplitude to a predetermined amplitude and for generating a control signal that adjusts said amplitude based on said comparison.
12. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein said semiconductor oscillating means includes resonating means for resonating.
13. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 12 wherein said semiconductor oscillating means includes bias adjusting means for receiving said control signal and for generating a bias signal that biases said resonating means to adjust said amplitude based on said control signal.
14. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 13 wherein said bias signal includes a voltage bias signal.
15. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 13 wherein said bias signal includes a current bias signal.
16. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 13 wherein said resonating means includes:
inductive-capacitive (LC) resonating means for resonating; and
cross-coupled transistors that communicate with said LC resonating means.
17. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 11 further comprising selecting means for selecting said frequency as a function of an external passive component.
18. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 11 further comprising:
19. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 18 wherein said heating means operates in response to said first temperature sensing means.
20. The crystal oscillator emulator integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein said semiconductor oscillating means is selected from a group consisting of inductive-capacitive (LC) oscillating means, resistive capacitive (RC) oscillating means and ring oscillating means.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/649,433, filed Jan. 4, 2007 and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/869,807, filed on Dec. 13, 2006, 60/868,807, filed on Dec. 6, 2006, and 60/829,710, filed on Oct. 17, 2006, and is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/328,979, filed on Jan. 10, 2006, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/714,454, filed on Sep. 6, 2005, 60/730,568, filed on Oct. 27, 2005, and 60/756,828, filed Jan. 6, 2006, and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/892,709, filed on Jul. 16, 2004, (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,148,763 issued Dec. 12, 2006), which is a continuation in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/272,247, filed on Oct. 15, 2002, (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,042,301 issued May 9, 2006), the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
The temperature of the semiconductor die is then increased from about the lowest operating temperature to about the maximum operating temperature in discrete steps. The number of discrete steps is preferably limited to about six temperature levels-to reduce testing costs, but any number of discrete steps may be used. Preferably, an on-chip heater is used to heat the semiconductor die, but any means of varying the temperature of the semiconductor die may be employed. At each discrete step, the semiconductor die temperature and the correction factor for maintaining the output at a constant frequency may be measured.
The crystal oscillator emulator 100 may determine a predetermined select value corresponding to the measured value of the impedance connected to a select pin. Preferably, the impedance is selected to have a standard value such as nominal resistance values corresponding to resistors having a 10% tolerance (e.g. 470, 560, 680, . . .) to reduce device and inventory costs. To account for measurement tolerances and the tolerance of the external impedance, a range of impedance values may correspond to a single select value. The select value is preferably a digital value, but may also be an analog value. For example, values of measured resistance from 2400 ohms to 3000 ohms may be associated with a digital value corresponding to 2. While values of measured resistance from 3001 ohms to 4700 ohms are associated with a digital value corresponding to 3. The measured resistance includes variations due to tolerances of the external impedance and the internal measurement circuit. The impedance measured at each select pin is used to determine a corresponding digital value. The range of digital values may include 3 or more digital values and preferably range from 10 to 16 digital values per select pin. The digital values corresponding to each select pin may be used in combination to describe memory addresses. For example, a device having three select pins each to interface to impedance values that are mapped into one of 10 digital values, may describe 1000 memory addresses or lookup table values. The contents of the storage locations corresponding to the memory addresses are used to set a value for an output or internal characteristic of the device. Another exemplary device may include two select pins, each configured to interface to external impedances that are mapped to a digital value within a range of 10 values. The digital values in combination may describe 100 memory addresses or lookup table values that may each contain data for setting a characteristic of the crystal oscillator emulator 100.
In operation, the active silicon oscillator 324 is normally in the on state generating a periodic output signal. The crystal oscillator emulator 322 is normally in the off state. In the off state, either all or a portion of the crystal oscillator emulator 322 may, be powered off to conserve power. At a predetermined time, power is applied to the crystal oscillator emulator 322. The semiconductor oscillator of the crystal oscillator emulator 322 is then calibrated with the stored calibration information. The frequency of the output signal of the crystal oscillator emulator 322 is compared with the frequency of the output signal of the active silicon oscillator 324 to determine the frequency error of the active silicon oscillator 324. The control signal 334 changes in response to the frequency error, causing a shift in the supply voltage from the voltage regulator 332, leading to a change in the output frequency of the active silicon oscillator 324, reducing the frequency error.
Referring now to FIG. 31B, the present invention can be implemented in a digital versatile disc (DVD) drive 1010. The present invention may implement any integrated circuit such as either or both signal processing and/or control circuits, which are generally identified in FIG. 31 B at 1012, and/or mass data storage of the DVD drive 1010. The signal processing and/or control circuit 1012 and/or other circuits (not shown) in the DVD 1010 may process data, perform coding and/or encryption, perform calculations, and/or format data that is read from and/or data written to an optical storage medium 1016. In some implementations, the signal processing and/or control circuit 1012 and/or other circuits (not shown) in the DVD 1010 can also perform other functions such as encoding and/or decoding and/or any other signal processing functions associated with a DVD drive.
Referring now to FIGS. 32A-32D, an integrated circuit package is shown that incorporates an annealed glass paste or epoxy as a layer and/or “islands”adjacent to one or more selected features of a silicon wafer. One or more “islands” of the annealed glass paste or epoxy layer can be made on portions of one or both sides of the silicon wafer. In FIG. 32A, an alternate integrated circuit package 1200 includes a silicon wafer 1204. An annealed glass paste layer or portions 1206 is/are formed on the silicon wafer 1204. A molding material 1208 may be used to encapsulate all or part of the silicon wafer 1204. The annealed glass paste layer 1206 also reduces the change in stress over time. The annealed glass paste layer 1206 tends to isolate all or part of the silicon wafer 1204 from variations in the dielectric properties such as dielectric loss of the molding material 1208.
The time required to repeatedly perform this calibration process may significantly impact the overall cost of the IC. In other words, the cost will increase as the number of sampling points increase. By allowing the adaptive calibration circuit 1638 to automatically vary the calibration process based upon the number of sample points, a manufacturer can provide varying levels of accuracy using the same ICs;
Referring now to FIG. 51 B, amplitude drift is shown as a function of time. Over time, the semiconductor oscillator circuit 2010 including the LC tank circuit 2014 may tend to have an amplitude envelope that drifts, e.g. the amplitude envelope either increases (not shown) or decreases (as shown). This may pose problems for other circuits that receive Vout. Frequency drift may be handled using the approaches described above.
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No. 11/732,465, filed Apr. 2007, Sutardja, Sehat.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS8063711Sep 7, 2010Nov 22, 2011Marvell World Trade Ltd.Crystal oscillator emulatorUS8118487 *Oct 23, 2008Feb 21, 2012O2Micro, Inc.Auto-ranging thermistor-based temperature detection systemUS9036951Jul 24, 2012May 19, 2015Cornell UniversitySilicon acousto-optic modulator structure and methodUS9143083Nov 25, 2013Sep 22, 2015Marvell World Trade Ltd.Crystal oscillator emulator with externally selectable operating configurationsUS20090110028 *Oct 23, 2008Apr 30, 2009O2Micro, Inc.Auto-ranging thermistor-based temperature detection systemUS20110001571 *Sep 7, 2010Jan 6, 2011Sehat SutardjaCrystal oscillator emulator* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification331/158, 331/66, 331/117.0FE, 331/176, 331/117.00RInternational ClassificationH03B5/32Cooperative ClassificationH01L2924/1461, H01L2224/49175, H03L7/07, H01L2924/3011, H01L2924/16152, H03L1/027, H03L5/00, H03L7/1976, H03L7/1974, H03L1/026, H01L2924/16235, H01L23/34European ClassificationH03L7/197D, H01L23/34, H03L5/00, H03L1/02B2, H03L1/02B3, H03L7/07, H03L7/197D1Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 7, 2014FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services