Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2015223657A/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-16 18:50:46
Document Index: 675444212

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 23', 'art 30', 'art 30', 'art 28', 'art 4', 'art 82', 'art 23', 'art 82', 'art 82', 'art 82', 'art 48']

JP2015223657A - Electric power tool and rotary impact tool - Google Patents
Electric power tool and rotary impact tool Download PDF
JP2015223657A
JP2015223657A JP2014109288A JP2014109288A JP2015223657A JP 2015223657 A JP2015223657 A JP 2015223657A JP 2014109288 A JP2014109288 A JP 2014109288A JP 2014109288 A JP2014109288 A JP 2014109288A JP 2015223657 A JP2015223657 A JP 2015223657A
JP2014109288A
友幸 近藤
2014-05-27 Application filed by 株式会社マキタ, Makita Corp filed Critical 株式会社マキタ
2014-05-27 Priority to JP2014109288A priority Critical patent/JP2015223657A/en
2015-04-28 Priority claimed from US14/698,186 external-priority patent/US10040178B2/en
2015-12-14 Publication of JP2015223657A publication Critical patent/JP2015223657A/en
An electric tool and a rotary impact tool having a reduction mechanism with a large reduction ratio by a gear while the internal gear is compact are provided.
An impact wrench (1) includes a motor (10) having a rotor shaft (70), a pinion gear portion (75) rotated by the rotor shaft (70), planetary gears (88, 88) meshed with the pinion gear (75), and subsequent stages. The front stage of the planetary gears 88, 88,... Fixed and rotating with the rear stage, the internal gear 86 that meshes with the front stage, and the spindle 14 (disk-shaped portion 82) that holds the front stage and the rear stage of the planetary gears 88, 88,. And an anvil 18 connected to the spindle 14.
The present invention relates to an electric tool capable of applying a rotational force to an output unit, and a rotary impact tool capable of applying a rotational impact force to an output unit.
As shown in Patent Document 1 below, an impact driver is known in which the rotation of a drive rotation shaft of a motor is decelerated and transmitted to an output shaft.
In this impact driver, the speed is reduced by a planetary gear mechanism having one internal gear and two planetary gears disposed between the drive rotating shaft and the output shaft. The two planetary gears mesh with the rotary drive shaft and the internal gear, and a pin passing through the center of each planetary gear is in the base of the spindle connected to the output shaft. The two planetary gears are in the same vertical plane and have a one-stage configuration.
JP2011-45201A
Since the impact driver of Patent Document 1 is decelerated by a planetary gear mechanism having a single stage planetary gear, the outer diameter of the internal gear increases as the reduction ratio by the gear increases.
Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an electric tool or a rotary impact tool having a reduction mechanism with a large reduction ratio by the gear while the internal gear is compact.
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is an electric tool, comprising: a motor having a motor shaft; a pinion gear rotated by the motor shaft; and a first planetary gear meshing with the pinion gear; A second planetary gear fixed to the first planetary gear and rotating together with the first planetary gear, an internal gear meshing with the second planetary gear, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are held. It has a carrier and an output part connected to the carrier.
In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 2 is an electric power tool, comprising: a motor having a motor shaft; a motor housing that houses the motor; and a gear housing fixed to the motor housing; A bearing held by the gear housing, a pinion gear rotated by the motor shaft, a first planetary gear meshing with the pinion gear, and a second fixed with respect to the first planetary gear and rotating together with the first planetary gear. A planetary gear; an internal gear that meshes with the second planetary gear and is fixed to the gear housing; a carrier that holds the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear; and an output unit that is connected to the carrier. It is characterized by this.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above object, in order to achieve an object of forming a reduction mechanism that is compact and can be sufficiently decelerated with a simpler configuration, in the above invention, the first planetary gear is the second planetary gear. The planetary gear is fixed to the side close to the motor.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the object of forming a reduction mechanism that is more compact and can be sufficiently decelerated in addition to the object described above, in the invention described above, the first planetary gear is the first planetary gear in the second planetary gear. It is fixed on the side close to the output unit.
In addition to the above-mentioned object, the invention described in claim 5 achieves the object of forming a reduction mechanism that is compact and can be sufficiently decelerated even in a rotary impact tool. In the invention, an impact mechanism that strikes the output section is provided. It is the rotary impact tool which has.
According to the present invention, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a compact electric power tool and a rotary impact tool that can perform sufficient deceleration.
It is a partial center longitudinal cross-sectional view of the impact wrench which concerns on the 1st form of this invention. It is a partial right view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram in which a half of FIG. 2 is a cross section taken along line TT of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a partial rear view of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. It is a BB partial sectional view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 1. It is the GG sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the HH sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the RR sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line NN in FIG. 1. It is the SS sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 for explaining a hook. FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 for explaining a hook. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 5 for explaining a hook. It is the FIG. 1 equivalent view of the impact wrench which concerns on the 2nd form of this invention. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of an impact wrench according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is FIG. 7 equivalent view (BB-BB sectional drawing of FIG. 19) of the impact wrench which concerns on the 2nd form of this invention. It is FIG. 8 equivalent view (CC-CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 19) of the impact wrench which concerns on the 2nd form of this invention. It is FIG. 13 equivalent view of the impact wrench which concerns on the 2nd form of this invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings as appropriate.
The front, rear, upper, lower, left and right in the embodiment are determined for convenience of explanation, and may change relatively depending on the situation of the work.
FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a rechargeable impact wrench (rotary impact tool) 1 which is an example of an electric tool according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial right side view of the impact wrench 1. 3 is a top view of the impact wrench 1, FIG. 4 is a top view of the impact wrench 1 and a horizontal plane (TT line) sectional view, and FIG. 5 is a partial rear view of FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 1, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG of FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H in FIG. 1, FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line RR in FIG. 6, FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line NN in FIG. In the SS cross-sectional view 16 is a partial right side view of the impact wrench 1 for explaining the hook, FIG. 17 is a top view of the impact wrench 1 for explaining the hook, and FIG. 18 is a part of the impact wrench 1 for explaining the hook. It is a rear view.
The impact wrench 1 has a housing 2 that forms the outline thereof. In FIG. 1, the right is the front and the top is the top. In FIG. 3, the right is the front and the top is the left.
The impact wrench 1 includes a columnar main body 4 having a central axis in the front-rear direction and a grip 6 formed so as to protrude from the lower portion of the main body 4.
The grip portion 6 is a portion that is gripped by the user, and a trigger-type switch lever 8 that can be pulled with a fingertip by the user is provided at the base end portion of the grip portion 6. The switch lever 8 protrudes from the switch body 9.
The main body 4 of the impact wrench 1 includes, in order from the rear side, a motor (brushless DC motor) 10, a planetary gear mechanism 12, a spindle 14 as a carrier, a coiled spring 15 that is an elastic body, a hammer 16, and an output unit. The anvil 18 is accommodated coaxially.
The motor 10 is a drive source of the impact wrench 1, and its rotation is decelerated by the planetary gear mechanism 12 and then transmitted to the spindle 14. Then, the rotational force of the spindle 14 reaches the anvil 18. The rotational force of the spindle 14 is appropriately converted into a rotational impact force by a hammer 16 (striking mechanism), and transmitted to the anvil 18 while receiving a buffer of the spring 15 passed between the spindle 14 and the hammer 16. The anvil 18 is a portion that rotates around an axis upon receiving a rotational force or a rotational striking force.
The housing 2 in the main body 4 is disposed between a motor housing 20 that houses the motor 10, a hammer case 22 that is disposed in front of the motor housing 20, and that houses the hammer 16, and between the motor housing 20 and the hammer case 22. A gear housing 23 that is an outer shell of the planetary gear mechanism 12 is included.
The motor housing 20 includes a half-bottomed cylindrical left motor housing 20a and a right motor housing 20b. When the left motor housing 20a and the right motor housing 20b are combined, the left motor housing 20a and the right motor housing 20b have a bottomed cylindrical shape that opens forward and covers the rear, top, bottom, left and right. At the rear portions of the left motor housing 20a and the right motor housing 20b, intake ports 20c, 20c,... Are opened. In addition, screw holes 20d and 20d extending in the left-right direction are formed above and below the rear part of the right motor housing 20b, respectively, and the rear part of the left motor housing 20a facing the corresponding screw hole 20d is provided respectively. A screw boss 20e is provided. A screw 24 is inserted into the screw hole 20d and the screw boss 20e from the right side. Further, exhaust ports 20f, 20f,... Are opened in the left motor housing 20a and the right motor housing 20b. In addition, three screw bosses 20e are provided in the motor housing 20 (five places in total) (see FIG. 1).
The hammer case 22 has a cylindrical shape with a front portion reduced in diameter with respect to the rear portion, and a rear end portion thereof is disposed on the front side of the front end portion of the motor housing 20 via the gear housing 23.
The gear housing 23 has a bowl shape that expands in the vertical and horizontal directions and expands forward, and the front portion is sandwiched between the motor housing 20 and the hammer case 22.
A hole is made in the rear part of the gear housing 23, and a metal bearing retainer 25 as a bearing holding wall is attached inside the hole.
Further, in a vertical ring-shaped wall disposed at the boundary between the front part and the rear part of the gear housing 23, concave parts 23b, 23b that are recessed forward from the rear surface are provided. Each recess 23 b has an arc shape and is located on the left or right of the bearing retainer 25. Further, a plurality of arc-shaped recesses 20h, 20h,... Are formed in the thick portion (front surface) of the opening of the front portion of the motor housing 20. By forming the recesses 23b, 23b, 20h, 20h,..., The surface areas of the gear housing 23 and the motor housing 20 are increased, and heat dissipation is further facilitated.
.. Are formed in the front part of the motor housing 20 and the front part of the gear housing 23, and bolt holes 20g, 23a,... A screw boss portion 22a in the front-rear direction is formed. In common with the bolt hole portions 20g and 23a and the screw boss portion 22a that overlap each other, a bolt 24a is inserted from the rear. The bolts 24a, 24a,..., The bolt holes 20g, 23a, and the screw bosses 22a are arranged at four locations, upper right, lower right, upper left, and lower left.
A ring hook support 27 that supports the ring hook 26 is attached between the heads of the upper bolts 24a, 24a and the rear end of the bolt hole 20g. The ring hook support body 27 is an arc-shaped plate-like member extending in the left-right direction. The ring hook support 27 has holes through which the bolts 24a pass at both left and right ends. Further, the ring hook support 27 has a ring hook receiving portion 28 that is recessed in a Ω shape upward with respect to the lower sides of both sides at the center lower portion. Further, the ring hook support 27 has an elastic part 30. The elastic part 30 is W-shaped when viewed from the front (rear), surrounds the ring hook receiving part 28, and reaches the center part of the upper side and its left and right sides.
The ring hook 26 is passed through the ring hook receiving portion 28. The ring hook 26 is a ring-shaped member made of metal, and can be moved from a standing posture spreading in the front-rear and up-down directions to a tilted posture in which it is tilted to the left or right (until the top surface of the housing 2 is touched). The ring hook 26 can maintain an arbitrary posture from the left tilted posture to the right tilted posture by the elastic portion 30 disposed in the ring hook receiving portion 28 in the ring hook support 27. The impact wrench 1 can be suspended by hanging the ring hook 26 on a hook installed on a rope or a wall. In this case, the ring hook 26 naturally stands up due to the gravity acting on the impact wrench 1. Become posture.
A U-shaped hook support 34 that supports the U-shaped hook 32 is attached to the rear portion of the right motor housing 20b (the rear side of the exhaust port 20f) with screws 36, 36.
The U-shaped hook 32 includes a hook base portion 32a in the front-rear direction entering the U-shaped hook support 34, a bent portion 32b perpendicular to the hook base portion 32a, and a hook end portion 32c in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the bent portion 32b. And a hook tip portion 32d disposed at the front end portion of the hook end portion 32c. One end of the bent portion 32b is connected to the rear end of the hook base portion 32a via a J-shaped corner portion, and the other end is similarly connected to the front end of the hook end portion 32c.
The U-shaped hook support 34 has a hole in the front-rear direction, and the hook base 32 a of the U-shaped hook 32 is contained in the hole. An elastic cylinder (not shown) is disposed on the inner surface of the hole. The U-shaped hook support 34 has a cylindrical portion having the hole and a screw hole portion extending leftward from the cylindrical portion, and screws 36 and 36 are inserted into the screw hole portion. A plate member 37 (see FIG. 12) having screw holes formed in the front and rear is disposed below the screw hole portion and inside the thick portion of the right motor housing 20b. The screw hole is a female screw hole, and a screw 36 which is a male screw is inserted therein. The head of the corresponding screw 36 enters the screw hole of the U-shaped hook support 34.
As shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the U-shaped hook 32 can take a posture in which the hook end portion 32 c is positioned above, rightward, leftward, and below the U-shaped hook support 34. It can rotate from the lower position (position where it touches the right surface of the housing 2) to the left position via the right / upper position, and can be stopped at any position within the rotation range.
The hook end portion 32c is positioned above the upper end of the ring hook 26 in the upper position, and it is possible to select whether to use the ring hook 26 or the U-shaped hook 32 in the upper position.
Further, the distance from the right surface portion or the left surface portion of the housing 2 to the hook end portion 32c differs depending on whether the hook end portion 32c is in the right position or the left position. Since it is wide and can be made relatively narrow at the left position, the U-shaped hook 32 can be stably attached to the members having different widths by using a position having a suitable interval. Can be hooked.
Furthermore, when the hook end portion 32 c is positioned below, the U-shaped hook 32 is disposed on the left side of the right surface portion (the rightmost portion) of the housing 2. Therefore, the U-shaped hook 32 can be stored along the outline of the impact wrench 1 (main body part 4) by setting the lower position, and the impact wrench 1 can be used or carried without using the U-shaped hook 32. The U-shaped hook 32 does not get in the way.
On the other hand, the housing 2 in the grip portion 6 is a grip housing 38.
The upper part of the grip housing 38 includes a left grip housing 38a and a right grip housing 38b, each of which is halved. The left grip housing 38a is integral with the left motor housing 20a, and the right grip housing 38b is integral with the right motor housing 20b. The left grip housing 38a and the right grip housing 38b, and the left motor housing 20a and the right motor housing 20b are fitted together by screws 24 and 24. Screw bosses 38c, 38c for the screws 24, 24 are formed in the left motor housing 20a.
A forward / reverse switching lever 40, which is a switch for switching the rotation direction of the motor 10, is located at the upper part of the grip housing 38 and behind the switch lever 8 so as to penetrate left and right in the boundary region between the main body 4 and the grip 6. Is provided. A light 42 that can irradiate the front is provided above the switch lever 8 and in front of the forward / reverse switching lever 40. Here, the light 42 is an LED, and is provided so as to overlap the switch lever 8 in the vertical direction. Since the light 42 is provided so as to overlap the switch lever 8 in the vertical direction, the occurrence of a situation that prevents the light 42 from being irradiated without the user's finger or the like being positioned in the light 42 irradiation direction is prevented. The visibility when the light 42 is turned on can be improved.
A box-shaped battery holding housing 43 that opens upward is disposed below the grip housing 38. The battery holding housing 43 extends mainly forward with respect to the upper portion thereof. The battery holding housing 43 includes a left battery holding housing 43a and a right battery holding housing 43b, each of which is halved. Screw bosses 43c and 43c are formed in the left battery holding housing 43a, and screw holes (not shown) corresponding to the screw bosses 43c and 43c are formed in the left battery holding housing 43a. The left battery holding housing 43a and the right battery holding housing 43b are combined by a screw boss 43c and a screw 24 passing through the screw hole.
A lower end portion of the battery holding housing 43 serves as a battery attachment portion 44. A battery 46 is detachably held below the battery attachment portion 44 by a push button (not shown). Here, the battery 46 is an 18 V (volt) lithium ion battery. The battery 46 can be attached to the battery attachment portion 44 by sliding the battery attachment portion 44 from the front to the rear.
A display unit with a display switch 48 (herein, a display unit using LEDs) is provided at the front part of the upper part of the battery holding housing 43. The display unit 48 with a display switch displays the number of rotations of the motor 10 (here, four levels of minimum, low, high, and maximum) and the remaining amount of the battery 43 (three levels of low, medium, and high here).
A control circuit board 52 on which a capacitor 50 and the like are mounted is housed inside the battery holding housing 43 and below the display unit 48 with a display switch. The display unit with display switch 48 is mounted on the control circuit board 52. The capacitor 50 is mounted so as to protrude upward, and the upper part (most part other than the lower part) is in the lower ends of the left grip housing 38a and the right grip housing 38b. The control circuit board 52 also controls display on the display unit with display switch 48. This control can be performed by a microcomputer or a dedicated element described later.
The battery holding housing 43 is attached to the grip housing 38 with two screws in a state where the lower ends of the left grip housing 38a and the right grip housing 38b are received in the opening of the upper portion thereof.
An elastic body 54 is interposed between the lower end portion and the opening portion. That is, the lower end portion is connected to the opening portion via the elastic body 54. The elastic body 54 includes a left elastic body 54a and a right elastic body 54b, which are sheet-like members each having a plurality of outward folds 54c. The elastic body 54 is disposed along the lower end portion opened outward in the radial direction and the opening portion directed inward in the radial direction, and the left elastic body 54a is arranged on the left half of the lower end portion and the opening portion ( The right elastic body 54b is disposed on the right half of the lower end and the opening (outside the right battery holding housing 43b).
The motor housing 20 is connected to the grip housing 38, and these serve as a first housing that houses the motor 10. Further, the battery holding housing 43 serves as a second housing connected to the first housing via the elastic body 54.
A case 55 made of resin (insulating material or elastic material) in a flat box shape with the upper part opened is disposed on the outer side or the lower side of the peripheral portion of the control circuit board 52. The control circuit board 52 is held in the case 55 with its upper side exposed, and the case 55 is held in the battery holding housing 43. The control circuit board 52 is fixed to the case 55 by a structure (for example, a mold) that is in close contact with the case 55. Since the control circuit board 52 is held by the case 55, it is possible to improve insulation and prevent leakage and failure of elements, and prevent inflow and adhesion of dust and moisture to the control circuit board 52. Failures can be prevented. Further, the control circuit board 52 is held by the battery holding housing 43 via the case 55, and even if the vibration is transmitted to the control circuit board 52 slightly even though it is subjected to the vibration isolating action by the elastic body 54. The vibration is further reduced by 55.
The motor 10 is a brushless DC motor and is an inner rotor type including a stator 56 and a rotor 58.
The stator 56 is wound around the stator core 60 via the stator core 60, the front insulating member 62 and the rear insulating member 64 provided before and after the stator core 60, and the front insulating member 62 and the rear insulating member 64, respectively. A plurality (six in this case) of drive coils 66, 66. A sensor circuit board 68 is fixed to the rear insulating member 64, and a plurality (three) of arc-shaped sheet metal members (first sheet metal member 69a, second sheet metal member 69b, A short-circuit member 69 having a third sheet metal member 69c) is fixed. The first sheet metal member 69a electrically connects the two drive coils 66, 66 facing each other, and the second sheet metal member 69b electrically connects the other two drive coils 66, 66 facing each other. The sheet metal member 69c electrically connects two further drive coils 66, 66 facing each other.
A rotor 58 is disposed inside the stator 56. The rotor 58 is disposed on the outer side of the rotor shaft 70 as a motor shaft, a cylindrical rotor core 72 disposed around the rotor shaft 70, and the rotor core 72, and a plurality of (four) plates. And permanent magnets 74 whose polarities are alternately changed in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of sensor permanent magnets (not shown) arranged radially on the rear side (sensor circuit board 68 side). The front end portion of the rotor shaft 70 is formed as a pinion gear portion 75 having external teeth. The rotor core 72, the permanent magnet 74, and the sensor permanent magnet constitute a rotor assembly.
A plurality (three) of sensors (not shown) for detecting the rotation angle (rotation position) of the rotor 58 (rotor shaft 70) by a sensor permanent magnet is mounted on the sensor circuit board 68. The sensor circuit board 68 is electrically connected to the control circuit board 52 in the battery holding housing 43 by lead wires (not shown). The control circuit board 52 has six switching elements (not shown). The switching element is provided corresponding to one of the drive coils 66 and performs switching of the corresponding drive coil 66. The control circuit board 52 has a microcomputer (not shown), and the microcomputer controls the switching of the switching element. The control circuit board 52 is a controller for controlling the motor 10.
A bearing 76 in front of the rotor shaft 70 is provided in front of the rotor core 72. The bearing 76 is held by a bearing retainer 25 fixed to the rear portion of the gear housing 23, and is held by the gear housing 23 via the bearing retainer 25. The bearing 76 is arranged on a straight line connecting the centers of the upper screw 24 in the main body 4 and the lower screw (the center) screw 24 in the main body 4. Therefore, the vibration of the rotor shaft 70 can be effectively suppressed.
A cooling fan 78 is disposed between the bearing 76 in front of the rotor shaft 70 and the rotor core 72. The fan 78 is fixed with respect to the rotor shaft 70. Exhaust ports 20f, 20f,... Are located outside the fan 78 in the radial direction, and the wind of the fan 78 is efficiently discharged.
A bearing 80 after the rotor shaft 70 is provided behind the rotor core 72. The bearing 80 is fixed in the rear end portion of the motor housing 20.
The spindle 14 includes a hollow disk-shaped portion 82 at the rear portion and in front of the rear end portion. The disk-shaped part 82 protrudes outward (up, down, left and right) with respect to the other part of the spindle 14 and has a longer diameter than the other part.
A washer 84 is fixed to the front side of the disk-shaped portion 82.
In the disc-shaped portion 82 of the spindle 14, a part of the planetary gear mechanism 12 and the tip of the rotor shaft 70 are disposed.
The planetary gear mechanism 12 includes a gear housing 23 as an outer shell, an internal gear 86 fixed by a spline structure inside the opening of the front portion of the gear housing 23, and a plurality (three pieces) of external teeth at each of the two front and rear stages. .), A plurality of (three) shafts 90, 90... Which are the axes of the planetary gears 88, 88..., And the internal gear 86 are restricted from moving forward. Pins 91 and 91 extending in the left-right direction are included.
Spline grooves 23c, 23c,... Are formed in the front-rear direction inside the opening of the front portion of the gear housing 23, and a spline protrusion 86a that matches the spline grooves 23c, 23c,. , 86a... Are formed. When the spline protrusions 86a, 86a,... Enter the spline grooves 23c, 23c,..., The situation where the internal gear 86 rotates with respect to the gear housing 23 is prevented.
The rear stage (first planetary gear) of each planetary gear 88 is integral with the front stage (second planetary gear) of the planetary gear 88. The rear stage of each planetary gear 88 is concentric with the front stage of the planetary gear 88 and has a larger diameter. The number of teeth at the rear stage of each planetary gear 88 is larger than the number of teeth at the front stage of each planetary gear 88.
The outer teeth at the rear stage of each planetary gear 88 mesh with the teeth of the pinion gear portion 75 at the tip of the rotor shaft 70, and the outer teeth at the front stage of each planetary gear 88 mesh with the inner gear 86. 6 to 8, these teeth are not shown individually, but are schematically illustrated as circles connecting outer diameters (tooth tips).
As shown in FIG. 6, pin receiving portions 23 d and 23 d for receiving pins 91 are formed on the upper and lower portions of the gear housing 23. Each pin receiving portion 23d includes a left-right hole through which the pin 91 passes and left and right vertical small wall portions that are left and right ends of the hole. Moreover, the horizontal small wall part is formed in the outer side of the lower end part of the said vertical small wall part. In order to form the said vertical small wall part and the said horizontal small wall part in the cylindrical gear housing 23, the outer surface of the gear housing 23 is dented inward with respect to the cylindrical surface in the right and left of each pin receiving part 23d.
One shaft 90 in the front-rear direction is passed through the center of one planetary gear 88. Each shaft 90 is passed in the disk-shaped part 82 of the spindle 14 (between the front wall and the rear wall of the disk-shaped part 82), and supports the planetary gear 88 around it in a rotatable manner. That is, the spindle 14 having the disk-like portion 82 holds the planetary gears 88, 88,... Via the shafts 90, 90,.
Each hole in the front wall of the disk-shaped portion 82 containing the shafts 90, 90... Is closed by one washer 84. The rear portion of the washer 84 is disposed inside the front opening of the gear housing 23.
The washer 84 receives the rear end formed in the ring shape of the spring 15 in the front peripheral portion.
The planetary gear mechanism 12 can be assembled to the front portion of the motor housing 20 as follows.
First, the gear housing 23 in which the bearing 76 and the bearing retainer 25 are placed is disposed around the tip of the rotor shaft 70 (pinion gear portion 75). At this time, as shown in the drawings, the rear surface of the gear housing 23 and the inner surface of the front opening of the motor housing 20 are aligned.
Next, the planetary gears 88, 88,... Are inserted into the disc-shaped portion 82 of the spindle 14 via the shafts 90, 90,... And the spindle 14 is advanced until the rear end of the spindle 14 touches the bearing retainer 25. The disc-shaped portion 82 is located inward of the gear housing 23, and the subsequent stages of the planetary gears 88, 88... Mesh with the pinion gear portion 75.
Subsequently, the internal gear 86 is slid rearward along the spline groove in the front opening of the gear housing 23, and the rear surface of the internal gear 86 is brought into contact with the ring-shaped vertical surface in the front opening of the gear housing 23. . The said vertical surface is formed because the diameter of the rear side is smaller than the diameter of the front side. The front stage of the planetary gears 88, 88... Meshes with the internal gear 86.
Further, the pins 91 and 91 are passed through the pin receiving portions 23d and 23d to fix the internal gear 86. Here, the end portions of the pin receiving portions 23c, 23c are vertical small walls (planar), and the horizontal small wall (plane) is disposed outside the lower end of the vertical barrier. When inserting 91 into the pin receiving portions 23d, 23d, it is difficult to be caught by the gear housing 23, and the pins 91, 91 are easily inserted.
Then, the washer 84 is fitted on the front side of the front wall of the disk-shaped portion 82 of the spindle 14.
The hammer 16 has a recess 92 that is recessed in a cylindrical shape from the rear surface to the front, and the recess 92 includes a front portion of the spring 15. A front end formed in a ring shape of the spring 15 is disposed on the bottom (front end) of the recess 92 via a plurality of balls 94, 94... And a hammer washer 96.
Between the hammer 16 and the front part of the spindle 14, balls 98, 98 for guiding the hammer 16 mainly in the front-rear direction at the time of hitting are interposed.
In the impact wrench 1, the hammer 16, the balls 94, 94..., The hammer washer 96 and the balls 98, 98 (and the spring 15) constitute a striking mechanism. The hammer 16 may be regarded as a striking mechanism.
The anvil 18 on the front side of the hammer 16 has a pair of extending portions 100, 100 extending in the radial direction at the rear end.
An anvil ring 102 that supports the anvil 18 so as to be rotatable around the axis and not displaceable in the axial direction is provided on the front side of the extending portions 100, 100. The anvil ring 102 is attached to the front inner wall of the hammer case 22.
On the front side of the anvil ring 102, a metal bearing 103 that supports the anvil 18 so as to be rotatable about an axis is provided. The metal bearing 103 is attached to the front inner wall of the hammer case 22.
A rear hole 104, which is a hole from the rear surface to the front, is formed in the center of the rear portion of the anvil 18, and the front end portion of the spindle 14 is inserted into the rear hole 104 in a state where the rotational impact force can be transmitted. It has been.
On the other hand, a bit attachment portion 106 for receiving a bit (tip tool) (not shown) is provided at the front portion of the anvil 18.
An operation example of such an impact wrench 1 will be described.
When the operator grips the grip portion 6 (grip housing 38) and pulls the switch lever 8, power is supplied from the battery 46 to the motor 10 by switching in the switch body portion 9, and the rotor shaft 70 rotates.
The rotation of the rotor shaft 70 causes the fan 78 to rotate, and an air flow from the intake ports 20c, 20c,... To the exhaust ports 20f, 20f,. At this time, the entire surface of the sensor circuit board 68 is first cooled by the air flow. Next, the inner periphery of the rotor core 72, each drive coil 66, and the stator core 60 is cooled.
Further, the rotational force of the rotor shaft 70 is transmitted to the spindle 14 after being decelerated by the planetary gear mechanism 12.
The spindle 14 rotates the anvil 18 and guides the hammer 16 to swing back and forth (hit) when a torque exceeding a predetermined threshold is applied to the anvil 18. At the time of impact, the buffering action by the spring 15 acts on the hammer 16 (or the spindle 14).
Even when vibration is generated in the impact wrench 1 due to the application or impact of the rotational force during the operation, the elastic body 54 is sandwiched between the motor housing 20 and the grip housing 38 that house the motor 10 and the hammer 16 that are vibration sources. Furthermore, since vibration is buffered by the elastic body 54 with respect to the battery holding housing 43 that has been connected, transmission of vibration is suppressed.
In the planetary gear mechanism 12, the planetary gears 88, 88, which run while rotating in the internal gear 86 by the rotational force of the rotor shaft 70 are rotated on the spindle 14 via the shafts 90, 90,. It is done by transmitting.
The rotational force of the rotor shaft 70 is transmitted to the rear stage of each planetary gear 88 via the pinion gear portion 75, and each planetary gear 88 runs while rotating in the internal gear 86 at the front stage having fewer teeth than the rear stage. Accordingly, the gear ratio is changed to be further reduced as compared with the case of a normal (one-stage) planetary gear having no front stage and rear stage. Further, even when two ordinary planetary gears are meshed with each other in the radial direction with the internal gear, the gear ratio can be further reduced, but the planetary gear mechanism 12 is smaller in size than this case. (In particular, the size in the radial direction, that is, the outer diameter) can be further reduced.
As a specific example, the number of teeth of the pinion gear portion 75 (sun gear) in the planetary gear mechanism 12 is 6, the number of teeth of the rear stage (first planetary gear) of each planetary gear 88 (planetary gear) is 24, and the front stage (first stage) of each planetary gear 88. If the number of teeth of (two planetary gears) is 11 and the number of teeth of the internal gear 86 (internal gear) is 41, the gear ratio is about 15.9: 1. This gear ratio is equivalent to the gear ratio when the number of teeth of the sun gear is 6, the number of teeth of the planetary gear is 42, and the number of teeth of the internal gear is 89 in the ordinary planetary gear mechanism (referred to as Comparative Example 1). However, in the planetary gear mechanism of Comparative Example 1, the size (outer diameter) is relatively large in order to secure the number of teeth of the internal gear. As a comparative example 2, when the number of teeth of the sun gear in an ordinary planetary gear mechanism is 6, the number of teeth of the planetary gear is 18, and the number of teeth of the internal gear is 41, the gear ratio is about 7.83: 1. The planetary gear mechanism 12 can be further decelerated as compared with the second comparative example.
If the gear ratio can be about 15.9: 1 (more preferably 12: 1 or more and 18: 1 or less) as in the specific example of the planetary gear mechanism 12, for example, for a brushed motor with an equivalent output. Even when the brushless motor 10 having a smaller torque and a higher rotational speed (for example, about 24000 rpm / min (rpm), 20000 rpm to 30000 rpm) is employed, the rotation of the rotor shaft 70 is sufficiently reduced to achieve a desired torque. Can be obtained. Moreover, like the brushless motor 10, it can be made more compact than the conventional one.
In the above impact wrench 1, the motor 10 having the rotor shaft 70, the pinion gear portion 75 rotated by the rotor shaft 70, the rear stage of the planetary gears 88, 88... Meshing with the pinion gear 75, and the subsequent stage are fixed. The front stage of the planetary gears 88 rotating with the rear stage, the internal gear 86 meshing with the front stage, and the spindle 14 (disk-shaped portion 82) holding the front stage and the rear stage of the planetary gears 88, 88,. And an anvil 18 connected to the spindle 14. Therefore, while making the size of the internal gear 86 compact, the rotational force applied to the pinion gear portion 75 applied by the motor 10 is applied to the spindle 14 by the front and rear stages of the internal gear 86 or the planetary gears 88, 88. It is possible to sufficiently slow down.
The motor 10 having the rotor shaft 70, the motor housing 20 that houses the motor 10, the gear housing 23 that is fixed to the motor housing 20, the bearing 76 that is held by the gear housing 23, and the rotor shaft 70 are rotated. ., The rear stage of the planetary gears 88, 88... Meshing with the pinion gear 75, the front stage of the planetary gears 88, 88 .. fixed to the rear stage and rotating together with the rear stage, and the internal teeth meshing with the front stage The gear 86, the spindle 14 (disk-shaped part 82) holding the front and rear stages of the planetary gears 88, 88,... And the anvil 18 connected to the spindle 14 are provided. Therefore, while the sizes of the internal gear 86 and the gear housing 23 are made compact, the rotational force applied to the pinion gear portion 75 applied by the motor 10 is controlled by the front and rear stages of the internal gear 86 or the planetary gears 88, 88. 14 can be sufficiently slowed down.
Further, the rear stage of the planetary gears 88, 88,... Is fixed to the front stage near the motor 10 (the rear side of the front stage). Therefore, a rear stage that meshes with the pinion gear portion 75 of the rotor shaft 70 can be arranged on the motor 10 side, and a front stage that meshes with the internal gear 86 can be arranged on the anvil 18 side (spindle 16 side). Simple structure.
In addition, a striking mechanism (hammer 16) for striking the anvil 18 is provided. Therefore, the rotary impact tool having a compact and sufficient gear ratio can be provided.
In the impact wrench 1 described above, the motor housing 20 or the grip housing 38 that houses the motor 10, the battery holding housing 43 that is connected to the motor housing 20 or the grip housing 38 via the elastic body 54, and the battery holding housing 43. And a control circuit board 52 for controlling the motor 10.
The motor housing 20 that houses the motor 10, the grip housing 38 that extends downward from the motor housing 20, the battery holding housing 43 that is connected to the grip housing 38 via the elastic body 54, and the battery holding housing 43. And a control circuit board 52 for controlling the motor 10.
Therefore, it is possible to suppress transmission of vibrations from the motor housing 20 and the grip housing 38 that house the rotary striking mechanism that generates vibration by being moved by the motor 10 to the control circuit board 52 for controlling the motor 10. For example, even if a rotary impact mechanism capable of outputting a torque of 700 Nm (Newton meter) or more and 1000 Nm or less generates vibration, the vibration is almost transmitted to the battery holding housing 43 or the control circuit board 52 due to the buffering action of the elastic body 54. Absent. Therefore, the control circuit board 52 for controlling the motor 10 on which various elements are mounted can be protected from vibration, and the occurrence of failure can be suppressed and the life can be extended. Further, other members attached to or housed in the battery holding housing 43 (for example, the contact point with the battery 46 in the battery attachment portion 44) can be protected from vibration.
Furthermore, the motor housing 20 or the grip housing 38 that accommodates the motor 10, the battery holding housing 43 that is connected to the motor housing 20 or the grip housing 38 via the elastic body 54, and the motor 10 or the battery formed in the battery holding housing 43. And a display unit 48 with a display switch for displaying a state relating to 46. Therefore, the display part 48 with a display switch can be protected from vibration.
Furthermore, the control circuit board 52 is held via a resin case 55. Therefore, the case 55 can further prevent vibrations, protect the control circuit board 52 from moisture and dust, and can further improve the insulating properties of the control circuit board 52.
In addition, the control circuit board 52 includes a capacitor 50, and the capacitor 50 is disposed at the center of the control circuit board 52 in the left-right direction. Therefore, the capacitor 50 can be easily disposed in the housing 2 and the control circuit board 52 can be more easily accommodated.
In addition, a striking mechanism (hammer 16) for striking the anvil 18 is provided. Therefore, it is possible to provide a rotary impact tool in which transmission of vibration to the control circuit board 52 for controlling the motor 10 is suppressed.
19 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of an impact wrench 111 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 20 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of the impact wrench 111, and FIG. 21 is a view corresponding to FIG. FIG. 22 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 of the impact wrench 111 (cross-sectional view taken along the line CC-CC in FIG. 19) of the impact wrench 111, and FIG. 23 is a view corresponding to FIG.
The impact wrench 111 of the second form is the same as the impact wrench 1 of the first form except for the planetary gear mechanism. Members and parts that are the same as those of the impact wrench 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
The planetary gear mechanism 112 of the impact wrench 111 is the same as the planetary gear mechanism 12 of the impact wrench 1 except for the planetary gear, the internal gear, and the pin.
Each planetary gear 188 (all three) of the planetary gear mechanism 112 includes a front stage and a rear stage that are concentric with each other and have outer teeth, and the front stage has a larger diameter than the rear stage, and the number of teeth in the front stage is larger than that of the rear stage. More than the number of teeth. A shaft 90 is passed through the position of the center axis of each planetary gear 188 in the front-rear direction.
The pinion gear portion 75 of the rotor shaft 70 of the motor 10 reaches the preceding stage of each planetary gear 188 and meshes with the preceding stage (first planetary gear).
The internal gear 186 of the planetary gear mechanism 112 meshes with the rear stage (second planetary gear) of each planetary gear 188. The internal gear 186 is located further rearward than the internal gear 86 of the first embodiment, and is deeper into the interior as viewed from the front opening of the gear housing 23. Like the internal gear 86, the internal gear 186 has spline protrusions 186a, 186a,... And is fixed to the gear housing 23 by a spline structure.
Since the impact wrench 111 uses the housing 2 having the same shape as the impact wrench 1, a space P is formed on the outer side in the radial direction in front of each planetary gear 188. This space P can be filled by changing the shape of the housing 2 (especially the gear housing 23) so as to be inward in the radial direction, and by moving the shape inward while keeping the thickness of the housing 2 at the same level. The size (particularly in the radial direction) can be further reduced while maintaining the strength of the impact wrench 111.
The planetary gear mechanism 112 can be assembled to the front portion of the motor housing 20 as follows.
First, the gear housing 23 containing the bearing 76 and the bearing retainer 25 is disposed around the front portion of the rotor shaft 70.
Next, the internal gear 186 is slid rearward along the spline groove of the gear housing 23, and the rear surface of the internal gear 86 is a ring-shaped vertical surface in the front opening of the gear housing 23 (2 counted from the front opening). The second annular vertical surface). The said vertical surface is formed because the diameter of the rear side is smaller than the diameter of the front side. In the planetary gear mechanism 112, the pin that restricts the movement of the internal gear 186 is omitted.
Subsequently, the planetary gears 188, 188,... Are inserted into the disk-shaped portion 82 of the spindle 14 via the shafts 90, 90,..., And the spindle 14 is advanced until the rear end of the spindle 14 touches the bearing retainer 25. The disc-shaped portion 82 is located inward of the gear housing 23, and the rear stage of the planetary gears 188, 188... Meshes with the internal gear 86, and the front stage of the planetary gears 188, 188.
Such an impact wrench 111 operates in the same manner as the impact wrench 1 of the first embodiment.
The front stage of each planetary gear 188 serves as a first planetary gear that meshes with the pinion gear portion 75 of the rotor shaft 70, and the rear stage of each planetary gear 188 serves as a second planetary gear that meshes with the internal gear 186. ing.
In the impact wrench 111 described above, the motor 10 having the rotor shaft 70, the pinion gear portion 75 rotated by the rotor shaft 70, the front stage of the planetary gears 188, 188,... Meshing with the pinion gear 75, and the front stage are fixed. The rear stage of the planetary gears 188, 188,... Rotating with the front stage, the internal gear 186 that meshes with the rear stage, and the spindle 14 (disk-shaped portion 82) that holds the front stage and the rear stage of the planetary gears 188, 188,. And an anvil 18 connected to the spindle 14. Therefore, while reducing the size of the internal gear 186, the rotational force on the pinion gear portion 75 can be sufficiently decelerated with respect to the spindle 14 by the front and rear stages of the internal gear 186 or the planetary gears 188, 188. It becomes possible.
The motor 10 having the rotor shaft 70, the motor housing 20 that houses the motor 10, the gear housing 23 that is fixed to the motor housing 20, the bearing 76 that is held by the gear housing 23, and the rotor shaft 70 are rotated. ., A front stage of planetary gears 188, 188... Meshing with the pinion gear 75, a rear stage of planetary gears 188, 188... Fixed to the front stage and rotating together with the front stage, and an internal tooth meshing with the rear stage The gear 86, the spindle 14 (disk-shaped portion 82) that holds the front and rear stages of the planetary gears 188, 188..., And the anvil 18 connected to the spindle 14. Therefore, while making the size of the internal gear 186 and the gear housing 23 compact, the rotational force on the pinion gear portion 75 is sufficiently applied to the spindle 14 by the front and rear stages of the internal gear 186 or the planetary gears 188, 188. It becomes possible to decelerate.
Further, the front stage of the planetary gears 188, 188,... Is fixed to the side (the front side of the rear stage) close to the anvil 18 (spindle 14) in the rear stage. Therefore, a front stage that meshes with the pinion gear portion 75 can be disposed on the anvil 18 side, and a rear stage that meshes with the internal gear 186 can be disposed on the motor 10 side, and the internal gear 186 can be disposed on the motor 10 side and a space can be formed on the front side thereof. P can be formed, and by arranging other members in the space P, it can be made more compact.
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said form, For example, the following changes can be given suitably.
In the planetary gear mechanism, the first planetary gear meshing with the pinion gear portion and the second planetary gear meshing with the internal gear are not integrally formed as a front stage and a rear stage of one planetary gear, and the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are May be formed separately and fixed to each other.
The pinion gear portion may be provided with a separate pinion gear at the front end portion of the rotor shaft without forming the front end portion of the rotor shaft in a gear shape and providing it integrally with the rotor shaft.
The battery holding housing may be placed inside the grip housing, and an elastic body may be interposed between them. Further, an elastic body may be interposed between the motor housing and the grip housing. Even in this case, the vibration transmitted from the motor housing that houses the motor of the vibration source is buffered by the elastic body and the motor is controlled. The vibration reaching the battery holding housing that houses the control circuit board can be suppressed.
In the embodiment, the six switching elements are arranged on the control circuit board arranged inside the battery holding housing. However, a configuration in which six switching elements are arranged on the sensor substrate is also possible. Other elements and the like can also be mounted on either or both of the control circuit board and the sensor board. In addition, the fan may be disposed behind the rear insulating member, and the sensor substrate may be fixed to the front insulating member in a state of being disposed in front of the front insulating member. A motor with a brush may be employed as the motor.
As the battery, any lithium ion battery of 18 to 36V such as 14.4V (maximum 20V), 25.2V, 28V, 36V, etc. may be used, and a lithium ion battery having a voltage less than 14.4V or more than 36V may be used. You may use and another kind of battery may be used. Moreover, it is good also as electric power feeding by the code | cord connected to a power supply instead of electric power feeding by a battery.
The permanent magnet and the sensor permanent magnet in the rotor assembly can be made into a ring-shaped permanent magnet by forming them integrally.
By adopting a gear case instead of the hammer case, omitting the hammer and anvil, and fixing the tip tool holding part holding the tip tool to the front part of the output shaft, a rechargeable driver drill or vibration driver drill It is also possible to do.
Increase or decrease the number of housing divisions, such as integrating the gear housing with the motor housing, dividing the grip housing and motor housing separately, or halving the battery holding housing, etc. The switch type of the switch lever can be changed, the bearing retainer can be omitted and the bearing can be fixed directly to the gear housing, the bearing retainer can be doubled, or the elastic can be placed between the battery holding housing and the grip housing Do not divide the body into left and right, or divide it into front and rear, or provide three or more, omit the display switch of the display unit with display switch, change the display content of the display unit with display switch to items other than the rotation speed related to the motor, The number of various members such as matters other than the remaining battery charge and other items related to the power tool Arrangement, the material can be changed size, format, or the like as appropriate.
The planetary gear mechanism of the present invention can be applied to a power tool for reducing speed other than an impact wrench, and can be applied to, for example, a driver drill or a shear wrench.
Further, the vibration isolating mechanism in which the elastic body is interposed between the battery holding housing in which the control circuit board is disposed and the grip housing of the present invention can be applied to an electric tool other than the impact wrench. For example, it can be applied to a circular saw, reciprocating saw, jigsaw, hammer drill, driver drill, and grinder.
1, 111 .. Impact wrench (power tool, rotary impact tool), 10 .. Motor, 14 .. Spindle (carrier), 16 .. Hammer (striking mechanism), 18 .. Anvil (output unit), 20. Motor housing (part of the first housing), 23 ..Gear housing, 38 ..Grip housing (part of the first housing), 43 ..Battery holding housing (second housing), 48 ..Display with display switch Part (display part), 50 .. capacitor, 52 .. control circuit board, 54 .. elastic body, 55 .. case, 70 .. rotor shaft (motor shaft), 75 .. pinion gear part (pinion gear) .Bearings, 86, 186 .. Internal gear (internal gear), 88, 188 .. Planetary gear (the rear stage of 88 and the front stage of 188: the first planetary gear, the front stage of 88 and 88 in the subsequent stage: second planetary gear).
A pinion gear rotated by the motor shaft;
A first planetary gear meshing with the pinion gear;
A second planetary gear fixed to the first planetary gear and rotating with the first planetary gear;
An internal gear meshing with the second planetary gear;
A carrier holding the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear;
And an output part connected to the carrier.
A motor housing that houses the motor;
A gear housing fixed to the motor housing;
A bearing held in the gear housing;
An internal gear meshing with the second planetary gear and fixed to the gear housing;
The electric tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first planetary gear is fixed to a side of the second planetary gear close to the motor.
The power tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first planetary gear is fixed to a side of the second planetary gear close to the output unit.
In the electric tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A rotary hitting tool having a hitting mechanism for hitting the output portion.
JP2014109288A 2014-05-27 2014-05-27 Electric power tool and rotary impact tool Pending JP2015223657A (en)
JP2014109288A JP2015223657A (en) 2014-05-27 2014-05-27 Electric power tool and rotary impact tool
US14/698,186 US10040178B2 (en) 2014-05-27 2015-04-28 Power tool and rotary impact tool
DE102015006695.1A DE102015006695A1 (en) 2014-05-27 2015-05-21 Power tool and rotary impact tool
CN201510274661.8A CN105313064B (en) 2014-05-27 2015-05-26 Electric tool and rotation percussion tool
JP2015223657A true JP2015223657A (en) 2015-12-14
ID=54840832
JP2014109288A Pending JP2015223657A (en) 2014-05-27 2014-05-27 Electric power tool and rotary impact tool
JP (1) JP2015223657A (en)
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