Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US5382776?ie=ISO-8859-1&dq=6,826,762
Timestamp: 2015-07-31 01:41:51
Document Index: 284431446

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 31', 'art 411', 'art 412', 'art 413', 'art 414', 'art 415', 'art 411', 'art 412', 'art 412', 'art 412', 'art 412', 'art 412', 'art 414']

Patent US5382776 - Combination of an optical-disk and barcode memory medium for use with an ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsAn optical-disk playback apparatus plays back an optical-disk on which control programs defining the operations of the optical-disk playback apparatus and other information are recorded. Such optical-disk playback apparatus is operable by a combination of an optical-disk, such as a laser disk or CD,...http://www.google.com/patents/US5382776?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5382776 - Combination of an optical-disk and barcode memory medium for use with an optical disk playback apparatus, having control programs stored in the optical-disk and specified by barcodes stored in the barcode memory mediumAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5382776 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/054,272Publication dateJan 17, 1995Filing dateApr 30, 1993Priority dateSep 14, 1988Fee statusLapsedAlso published asCN1019705B, CN1041235A, DE68919959D1, DE68919959T2, EP0359541A2, EP0359541A3, EP0359541B1, US5250787Publication number054272, 08054272, US 5382776 A, US 5382776A, US-A-5382776, US5382776 A, US5382776AInventorsKouji Arii, Testsuo Maeda, Tetsuo Tomimoto, Ryo AkiyamaOriginal AssigneeMatsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (8), Referenced by (51), Classifications (31), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetCombination of an optical-disk and barcode memory medium for use with an optical disk playback apparatus, having control programs stored in the optical-disk and specified by barcodes stored in the barcode memory medium
US 5382776 AAbstract
An optical-disk playback apparatus plays back an optical-disk on which control programs defining the operations of the optical-disk playback apparatus and other information are recorded. Such optical-disk playback apparatus is operable by a combination of an optical-disk, such as a laser disk or CD, and printed materials on which barcodes are printed. Predetermined programs are recorded defining the operation of the optical-disk playback apparatus corresponding to the barcodes. As a result, variable, complex and yet flexible optical-disk playback operations which are not fixed at the initial system designing stage can be accomplished by simply tracing the printed barcode. The operation of the optical-disk playback apparatus is controlled by the control programs recorded in the optical disk. Difficulties which might occur when an optical-disk and barcode of different systems are combined can be prevented since a one-to-one correspondence between the barcode and the optical disk code is established beforehand.
1. A combination of an optical-disk, a barcode memory medium, a barcode reader and an optical-disk playback apparatus,said optical-disk for being set in the optical-disk playback apparatus and having information recorded thereon including data and plural control programs specifying playback operations of said optical-disk playback apparatus for playing back said data recorded on said optical-disk; said barcode memory medium having barcodes recorded thereon for being read-out by said barcode reader which is electrically connectable to said optical-disk playback apparatus, each of said barcodes including an operation code corresponding to one of said plural control programs specifying one of said playback operations of said optical-disk playback apparatus; and said optical-disk playback apparatus comprising means, responsive to selection of one of said barcodes via said barcode reader, for selecting a corresponding playback operation among said playback operations that corresponds to said one of said barcodes and playing back said data recorded on said optical-disk in accordance with said corresponding playback operation. Description
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/406,281 filed Sep. 12, 1989 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,250,787.
As one of such search methods, an interactive video training system with barcode disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 4,481,412 had been known. In this system, video-disks on which various training materials are recorded are used together with a content table identifying the titles of training material and the workbook carrying barcodes of said titles. This system consists of a barcode reader to read the barcode, video-disk player to play the training material recorded in said video-disk, and a microcontroller to control the video-disk player according to the input from the barcode reader. The operator can indicate the type of desired information to said system by reading the barcode printed in the workbook. The microcontroller interprets the input barcodes and outputs a control signal to the video-disk player to output desired information. The video-disk, upon receiving said control signal, outputs the desired information. By using this system, the operator can retrieve the desired information from said video-disk simply by tracing the printed barcode by a barcode reader.
However, this system includes the following problems. First, since the video-disk operations corresponding to each of the barcodes is determined by the microcontroller incorporated in the system, the types of function attainable by the barcode are set unchangeably at its designing stage. For example, if a barcode was assigned to reproduce a specific section of the video-disk, this barcode can not be assigned to reproduce more than one section of the video-disk if it was desired at a later stage. Furthermore, since the video-disk operation corresponding to each barcode is determined by the microcontroller, the microcontroller designed for use with one video-disk is uncompatible for use with the other video-disks depending on the cases. For example, a video-disk on which numerous training materials recorded in a unit of one minute is incompatible with video-disks on which training materials are prepared in a unit of 30 seconds. Therefore, the barcode must be prepared to have a universal application in order to be able to be used with various types of video-disk and workbooks, and for this, complicated and troublesome operations for retrieving a desired information become essential.
Moreover, if various video-disk functions common throughout these various video-disk systems such as the starting of play, pause, search, etc. are attempted to be standardized in terms of barcode system, one of these function barcodes has to be read first and then the barcodes for the information has to be read in every playback operation, making the operation more complicated. Furthermore, if barcodes compatible with a full range of possible sets of functions corresponding to plural video-disks and workbooks were attempted to be prepared, the numbers of possible functions would be almost infinite, and so the numbers of necessary barcodes also would be impossible to realize. Further, the microcontroller and its software designed for each barcode system has to be replaced every time when the type of video-disks and their associated workbooks are altered, and this is nearly an impossible task to carry out.
In addition, since the conversion of a barcode to a control information signal by a microcontroller is independent of information recorded on a video-disk, difficulties would occur when a correspondence is not established between the barcode and the video-disk. For example, if a video-disk with no correspondence to a barcode were inserted in a video-player to which a wrong instruction read by barcode-reader were given by mistake, an access to a non-recorded section on the disk, or an access to video or audio information undesired by the operator might take place.
FIG. 5B is a schematic of a diagram control program;
FIG. 5C is a schematic of diagram a compound command;
FIG. 5D is a schematic of diagram a control commands;
When an optical-disk 1 is set in this optical-disk playback apparatus, said control unit 5 derives an instruction to said playback unit 2 to playback the recording at an instructed location by means of plural control programs recorded on the optical-disk 1. Upon receiving said instruction, the playback unit 2 plays back the recording at said instructed location on the optical-disk 1, and the played back signal containing plural control programs are transferred to the extraction unit 3 where the extraction of plural control programs out of the played back signal is carried out for storing these in the memory unit 4.
The following explain the concrete constituting elements of instructions, and this is begun with the data format of Optical-disk 1. In this embodiment of the optical-disk, a laser vision (LV) disk on which audio and video information are recorded is exemplified, and furthermore, a CAV laser disk of a constant rotating speed of 1800 rpm type among CAV and CLV type laser disks is explained here.
The digital audio signal is recorded by using a format which is the same as the one used for the compact-disc (CD) which is an optical disk on which only digital audio signals are recorded.
The digital audio data format for the optical-disk 1 on which said plural control programs are to be recorded is now explained referring to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a cross-section of optical-disk 1 showing its construction. The center hole 34, lead-in part 31, the analog audio, digital audio signals, and program area 32 on which frequency multiplexed analog video signal is recorded: and a lead-out area 33 showing the end of the disk are arranged on the optical-disk from the disk center toward the outer rim. A schematic of a digital audio signal to be recorded on the optical-disk 1 is shown in FIG. 4 where FIG. 4A shows a schematic of a frame which is a minimum recording unit, FIG. 4B shows a schematic of a sub-code frame, and FIG. 4C shows a schematic of a pack.
FIG. 4C shows a schematic diagram of pack comprised of the command part 411 of one symbol, instruction part 412 of one symbol, parity part 413 of two symbols, user-data part 414 of 16 symbols, and the parity part 415 of four symbols which are arranged from the top. The command part 411 is for defining the contents of recording within symbol, and the upper three bits in the command part are called mode bits, and the lower three bits are called item bits. The mode 0 (000) and item 0 (000) are called 0 mode, and all the symbols within the pack are 0s. Most conventional disks employ this mode. The mode 7 (111), item 0 (000) are defined to as the user mode which is used in the present embodiment. That is, the control programs are recorded in the pack the command part of which takes the mode 7.
The instruction part 412 is used as an identifier for the control programs recorded in the pack. The lower first bit of instruction part 412 is assigned to the initiation bit and the second bit is assigned to the termination bit. That is, 1 (000001) is recorded in the instruction part 412 of the first pack on which plural control programs are recorded, and 2 (000010) is recorded in the instruction part 412 of the last pack at which the recording of plural control programs is terminated. 0 (000000) is recorded in the instruction part 412 except those in the first and last packets.
The plural control programs are provided with a format shown in FIG. 5A, and each control program is divided by a SYNC code (11111111) of one byte, and the termination of control program is manifested by a train of recording of separator codes in the SYNC code. A disk ID code is recorded in the top control program, and the operation codes and their corresponding compound codes are recorded in the control programs other than the top control program.
As shown in FIG. 5C, the compound command comprises more than one control command each of which is partitioned by a separator code of one byte. As shown in FIG. 5D, the control command is formed essentially of a control code of one byte and a succeeding attribute code of one byte. Some of the control command possess an additional one or two frame codes succeeding the above mentioned attribute code, and these control commands define the control operations of a minimum unit for the playback apparatus.
The control codes are allocated for the playback operations of the optical disk playback apparatus, or more concretely, are assigned for the commands for playback starting, playback ending, pause, search, multi-speed playback, etc. The detail of the attribute codes is prepared for each control code, and the operations to be executed accompanying the execution of the control code are defined. For example, those include the designation of audio channel, ON/OFF of audio output, ON/OFF of video output, etc.
The disk ID code is a unique number specifying the correspondence between barcode memory medium 8 and optical-disk 1. The operation code constitutes numbers to specify a particular operation program among plural control programs recorded in the optical-disk 1. 61 is the barcode instructing the playback of "lion outline", and 62 is the barcode instructing the playback of "short highlight" by which the lion outline of lion is played back within a period shorter than that of 61. The optical-disk frame numbers of each program information instructing the playback by the barcodes 61 and 62 are shown in FIG. 6B. The content of "lion outline" indicated by the barcode 61 is recorded in the frames numbered from a to a+900. The content of "short highlight" indicated by the barcode 62 is excerpted from the program information for the "lion outline", and is recorded in the four frames each numbered by the numbers of a to a+100, a+300 to a+400, a+500 to a+600, and a+700 to a+800 respectively. The control programs selected by the operation code recorded in the optical-disk are defined as follows in the examples of "lion outline" and "short highlight".
The playback command instructed by the barcode 62 is far more complicated than that instructed by the barcode 61. However, the barcode 62 of which amount of information is the same as that of barcode 61, can execute the operations far more complicated than that of barcode 61 by giving the operation codes by means of barcodes and by recording the corresponding control programs on the optical-disk.
The formats of ID and operation codes recorded in terms of barcode are explained by referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B. FIG. 7A shows a schematic diagram of data recorded in a barcode form, and FIG. 7B shows a barcode module correlation showing correlation between the number indicated by each character and the module having a barcode pattern corresponding to a character. The barcode employed is a barcode taking into account the standard of UPC code. The barcode employed in this embodiment consists of 12 characters along the UPC standard code, and each character consists of 7 modules as shown by FIG. 7B.
The disk ID codes are unique numbers determined by the disk software such as the animal, human, or plant encyclopedia, and is used for preventing wrong combinations between barcode memory medium 8 and optical-disk 1. The operation code is a code necessary to select one particular program out of plural control programs recorded on the optical-disk 1. The check digit is for the detection of error which might happen at the barcode scanning.
The details and operations of elements constituting the optical-disk playback apparatus are explained below by referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 8. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the functions of optical-disk playback apparatus, and its details are given in FIG. 2. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of control unit 5. The playback unit 2 includes a pick-up 20, preamplifier 21, address decoder 22, motor 23, and a controller 24.
Explanations is now given of the above described constitution of playback unit 2 which plays back the designated part of optical-disk 1 by the control information d32 derived from the control unit 5. The amplified playback signal d2 is output from the preamplifier 21, and the detection of an assigned location on the disk is conducted by detecting the frame number contained in the analog video signal d11.
As shown in FIG. 2, the extraction unit 3 is constituted of MTF25, LPF26, LPF27, BPF28, BPF29, BPF210, data-slicer 211, EFM demodulating circuit 212, selector 213, and a data decoder 214. The individual functions of the elements constituting said extraction unit 3 are as follows. MTF25 is for the MTF (modulation-transfer-function) compensation, and it controls the gain of AGC (automatic gain control) circuit for compensating the difference of amplitudes of playback signal d2 which takes place between the outer and inner rims of the optical-disk.
The sub-channel data d37 is input to the data-decoder 214 where the synchronism and error detections and error correction of R-W channels are carried out. Furthermore, considering the command and instruction data for each pack, it outputs plural control programs recorded in the user data part 414 in the pack where the termination bit is indicated among the packs which show the starting bit of instruction data and its command data takes the mode 7 and item 0.
As shown in FIG. 2, the processing output unit 6 consists of the FM demodulating circuits 215, 216, 217, de-emphasis circuits 218, 219, 220, SW blocks 225, 226, 227, EDC.ECC circuit 221, D/A 222, and LPFs 223 and 224. The following are explanations of the individual elements constituting the processing output unit 6.
The operations of said processing output unit 6 of above described constitution is as described below. The processing output unit 6 conducts the signal processing shown below on the playback signal components other than the control programs. As for the analog video component d5, it is demodulated by the FM demodulating circuit 215, and its noise reduction processing is conducted in the de-emphasis circuit 218 before it is externally output as an analog video signal through the SW block 225.
As for the main channel data d17, the error detection and correction process thereof is conducted on it in the EDC.SCC circuit, and the digital to analog conversion thereof is conducted in the D/A 222 for converting it to two channel analog audio signals d19 and d20 of which high-band noise is reduced through LFFs 223 and 224 before these are output. Furthermore, the SW block 225 conducts the analog video signal ON/OFF, the SW block 226 conducts the analog audio signal output ON/OFF, and the SW block 227 conducts the ON/OFF of analog audio signal output played back from digital audio data recorded on the optical-disk. These ON/OFF controls are conducted obeying the instructions given by the control unit 5.
The constituting elements of barcode read unit 7 and the operation thereof is as the following. The light emitted from a light emitting diode housed in the barcode sensor 234 is projected on the printed barcode to obtain its reflection which is detected by a light detecting device where the barcode stripe pattern is transformed into light intensity variations which are eventually transformed into electrical signals of barcode for output.
The electrical output signal from the barcode sensor 234 is amplified by the digitizer 235 and is converted into a digital signal d34 in reference of a threshold value. Said digital signal d34 output from the digitizer 235 is converted into the binary ID and the operation codes, and error detection and correction are conducted thereon. These are stored in the register 237 if found to be normal.
The memory unit 4 is a random access memory (RAM), and is connected to the internal bus d30 of control unit 5 for storing the plural control programs derived from the extract unit 3 through the input buffer 229. As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 5 consists of a micro-processor 232, ROM 228, input buffers 229 and 230, I/O buffer 231, and the output latch 233 connected through a bus line.
The input buffers 229 and 230 constitute a parallel port connected to the internal bus d30, and execute the buffering of input data. The I/O buffer 231 is a serial port, and is connected to the internal bus d30 for conducting the buffering of I/O data. The I/O buffer 231 conducts a parallel to serial conversion (P.S. conversion) of the control information transmitted from the microprocessor 232 to the controller 24, and conducts a serial to parallel conversion (S/P conversion) of the status information sent from the controller 24 to the microprocessor 232. The output latch 233 is an 8 bit output latch connected to the internal bus d30, and uses only the upper three bits.
On the other hand, when the barcode is read in the barcode read unit 7, the microprocessor 232 reads out the operation codes stored in the register 237 in the barcode read unit 7 and the ID codes through the input buffer 230. Since these cedes are of BCD code, the microprocessor 232 converts these into the corresponding binary code of 16 bits.
The microprocessor 232 then compares the converted disk ID codes to the disk ID codes stored in the memory unit 4. If a discrepancy is found between these two, the microprocessor 232 cancels the input made by said barcode. If these coincide, the corresponding control programs are read from the plural control programs stored in the memory unit 4, and the compounds command defined by said control programs are sequentially executed. More specifically, the control information d32 is output through I/O buffer 231 for the playback unit 2, and the control signals d23, d24, and d25 which instruct ON/OFF to each corresponding switch blocks are output through the output latch 233 for the processing output unit 6.
At the point of the read-out ending of the control program, the program area 32 is played back under the instruction made by the control unit 5, and predetermined processings are conducted for each of playback signals in the processing output unit 6, for producing output audio and video information.
The ID code and operation code are compared with the stored disk ID code and control program in the control unit 5. If a discrepancy exists, the cancellation of barcode input is conducted, and a PG,29 program information for error processing at the optical-disk 1, e.g., a message stating "This disk is an animal encyclopedia, please input the correct barcode" is sent to the playback unit 2 which displays this message.
The control unit 5 recognizes the ending of playback by receiving a status information, and executes the second control command. That is, it instructs the playback unit 2 to playback the part from the starting frame a+300 to the ending frame a+400. Thus, the playback unit 2 starts playback from the frame number a+300 and ends the playback at the ending frame a+400. The third command and the fourth command are executed in a similar manner.
At the ending of the fourth control command execution, the playback apparatus is brought into a pause condition for preparing for another barcode input by the user. The above described operations of control unit 5 will be better understood by a flowchart of control unit 5 shown in FIG. 8.
According to the above described embodiment, any person who prepares the disk-software can define a barcode system by which the operation thereof can be specified, and by interpreting the read barcodes by the barcode reading unit 7 by using said particular software control programs recorded in the optical-disk 1, the operations depending on an individual disk becomes executable. Furthermore, since plural control commands can be allocated for one barcode, complicated and various operations of the apparatus can be realized very easily without requiring increased barcode information such as employments of an elongated barcode or the reading of plural barcodes.
The disk ID codes, as shown by the first embodiment, are unique numbers employed to specify the correlation between the barcode memory medium 8 and optical-disk 1. The escape codes are the playback apparatus proper codes independent of the optical-disk to be played back, and are common codes between different optical-disk playback apparatus, such those simple commands of playback, playback ending, pause, search, multi-speed playback, etc. which should have been prepared by the playback apparatus itself. The escape code is utilized to switch the control programs which is to correlate the input operation code to the operation of apparatus between the plural control programs recorded in the optical-disk 1 and the apparatus proper control program independent of the content of the optical-disk.
That is, the interpretation is normally conducted by using the apparatus proper control programs independent of the content of the optical-disk to be reproduced, but, once the escape code is detected, the operation code recorded in the same barcode for the escape code switches the retrieval of corresponding control programs to the control programs recorded in the optical-disk.
The control program selected by the operation code is defined as follows as for the examples of "elephant outline" and "short highlight". The operation code A represented by the barcode 71 consists of a control code to specify the playback operation and two frame codes having frame numbers a and a+900. Moreover, since an escape code is recorded at the first position of the barcode 72, the following operation code B is selected out of the control programs recorded in the optical-disk. The operation code B is defined to as a compound command consisting of three control commands for playbacks of the frame numbers a to a+200, a+300 to a+600, and a+700 to a+800 among corresponding control commands.
The details and operations of the elements constituting an optical-disk playback apparatus are explained referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 9. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the functions of optical-disk playback apparatus and, FIG. 2 shows details of FIG. 1. FIG. 9 is a flow-chart showing the operation of control unit 5 of this embodiment. Since the constituting elements of each unit, and the operation thereof except those of control unit 5 are identical with those of the first embodiment, these are omitted here.
The microprocessor 232 then judges if the converted character numbers indicates the escape code or not, and if not, the reference to the control programs proper to the optical-disk playback apparatus stored in ROM 228 is made, and the command corresponding to the operation code succeeding to said control program is executed.
More specifically the control information d32 is given to the playback unit 2 through the I/O buffer 231, and for the processing output unit 6, the control signals d23, d24, and d25 which instruct ON/OFF to each switch block through the output latch 233 are given.
According to this embodiment, by using the escape code, a barcode operable by the apparatus proper control program independent of the optical-disk content and predetermined by the optical-disk playback apparatus itself and a barcode operable by the control program recorded in the optical-disk can be simultaneously recorded on a single barcode memory medium 8, and by this, the combined memory medium of this embodiment can be played back by the conventional optical-disk play-back apparatus of which operations corresponding to the barcodes are fixed within the apparatus, attaining the interchangeability of optical-disks.
In addition, while the above explanation relates to an optical-disk 1 which is an LV disk of a CAV system in both the first and second embodiments, the scope of this invention is not limited to any particular type of optical-disks so far as the disks are capable of recording audio, video, or both. For example, the invention is applicable to a CD on which only digital audio data is recorded a, compact video-disk (CD-V) which is capable of recording the digital audio data and analog video data, an LV of CLV system, and a write-once (W/O) disk.
As an example of teaching materials, language learning can be made highly effective by utilizing a CD and barcode system. That is, a foreign language C such as French or German, sentences and corresponding barcodes are printed and recorded on a barcode memory medium 8 and CD respectively, and the desired audio information recorded on said CD can be easily retrieved by a user by simply tracing a corresponding barcode printed on said barcode memory .medium by a barcode read unit 7.
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