Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9872130B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-08-25 20:26:13
Document Index: 400258946

Matched Legal Cases: ['§120', '§119', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61']

US9872130B2 - PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices - Google Patents
PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices Download PDF
US9872130B2
US9872130B2 US15/298,829 US201615298829A US9872130B2 US 9872130 B2 US9872130 B2 US 9872130B2 US 201615298829 A US201615298829 A US 201615298829A US 9872130 B2 US9872130 B2 US 9872130B2
US15/298,829
US20170041738A1 (en
June Chul Roh
2009-04-14 Priority to US16904809P priority Critical
2009-04-14 Priority to US16905409P priority
2009-04-20 Priority to US17076409P priority
2009-04-24 Priority to US17255909P priority
2009-04-27 Priority to US17288909P priority
2010-02-01 Priority to US30031210P priority
2010-02-22 Priority to US30666310P priority
2010-03-12 Priority to US31344010P priority
2010-03-26 Priority to US31807610P priority
2010-03-30 Priority to US31906310P priority
2010-04-14 Priority to US12/760,510 priority patent/US8605568B2/en
2010-04-14 Priority to US12/760,513 priority patent/US8391228B2/en
2010-04-14 Priority to US12/760,516 priority patent/US8488655B2/en
2013-10-23 Priority to US14/061,429 priority patent/US9154350B2/en
2015-08-12 Priority to US14/824,705 priority patent/US9510139B2/en
2016-10-20 Priority to US15/298,829 priority patent/US9872130B2/en
2016-10-20 Application filed by Texas Instruments Inc filed Critical Texas Instruments Inc
2017-02-09 Publication of US20170041738A1 publication Critical patent/US20170041738A1/en
2018-01-16 Publication of US9872130B2 publication Critical patent/US9872130B2/en
In at least some embodiments, a communication device includes a transceiver with a physical (PHY) layer. The PHY layer is configured for body area network (BAN) operations in a limited multipath environment using M-ary PSK, differential M-ary PSK or rotated differential M-ary PSK. Also, the PHY layer uses a constant symbol rate for BAN packet transmissions.
Under 35 U.S.C. §120, this continuation application claims priority to: U.S. Non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/824,705, filed on Aug. 12, 2015, which claims priority to U.S. Non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 14/061,429, filed on Oct. 23, 2013, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,154,350 on Oct. 6, 2015, which claims priority to U.S. Non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 12/760,510, filed on Apr. 14, 2010, and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,605,568 on Dec. 10, 2013, which under 35 U.S.C. §119(e), further claims priority to: U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/169,048, filed on Apr. 14, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/169,054, filed on Apr. 14, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/170,764, filed on Apr. 20, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/172,559, filed on Apr. 24, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/172,889, filed on Apr. 27, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/300,312, filed on Feb. 1, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/306,663, filed on Feb. 22, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/313,440, filed on Mar. 12, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/318,076, filed on Mar. 26, 2010; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/319,063, filed on Mar. 30, 2010; all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
This application also may contain subject matter that relates to the following commonly assigned co pending applications incorporated herein by reference: “PHY Layer PPDU Construction For Body Area Network (BAN) Devices,” U.S. Ser. No. 12/760,513, filed Apr. 14, 2010; and “PHY Layer Parameters For Body Area Network (BAN) Devices,” U.S. Ser. No. 12/760,516, filed Apr. 14, 2010
In at least some embodiments, a communication device includes a transceiver with a physical (PHY) layer. The PHY layer is configured for body area network (BAN) operations in a limited multipath environment using M-ary PSK, differential M-ary PSK or rotated differential M-ary PSK.
In at least some embodiments, a physical (PHY) layer method includes performing BAN operations in a limited multipath environment using M-ary PSK, differential M-ary PSK or rotated differential M-ary PSK. The method further comprises transmitting BAN packets at a constant symbol rate
FIG. 19A-19B shows a spreading scheme in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure;
FIG. 15 shows a block diagram of a side-stream scrambler (e.g., scrambler 1418) in accordance with the PSDU construction of FIG. 14. The scrambler 1418 has the same polynomial G(x)=1+x2+x12+x13+x14 as in the PSDU. The scrambler 1418 multiples the symbols (generally complex-numbered) by the scrambling sequence after mapping the binary {0,1} sequence to {+1,−1} sequence. Note that the mapping can either be bit 0 to −1, bit 1 to +1; or bit 0 to +1, bit 1 to −1, as long as the mapping is consistent between a transmitter and receiver.
The BCH encoding process may be performed by any of the BCH encoders mentioned herein (e.g., BCH encoders 1008, 1408, 1604, 1704), which may represent the same BCH encoder. The scrambled or non-scrambled PSDU is encoded by computing the number of bits in the PSDU. In at least some embodiments, the number of bits in a PSDU is calculated as NPSDU=NMACheaderNMACFrameBody+NFCS)×8, where NMACheader is the number of bytes in the MAC header, NMACFrameBody is the number of bytes in the MAC frame body and NFCS is the number of bytes in the FCS. The number of BCH codewords is then calculated as
N CW = ⌈ N PSDU k ⌉ ,
where k is the number of message bits for the selected BCH code. The number of shortening bits, Nshorten to be padded to the NPSDU data bits before encoding is computed as Nshorten=NCW×k−NPSDU. The shortening bits are equally distributed over all NCW codewords with the first rem(Nshorten,NCW) codewords being shortened one bit more than the remaining codewords. Assuming
N spcw = ⌊ N shorten N CW ⌋ ,
r ⁡ ( x ) = ∑ i = 0 11 ⁢ r i ⁢ x i = x 12 ⁢ m ⁡ ( x ) ⁢ mod ⁢ ⁢ g ⁡ ( x ) ,
m ⁡ ( x ) = ∑ i = 0 50 ⁢ m i ⁢ x i
and ri, i=0, . . . , 11. Further, mi, i=0, . . . , 50 are elements of GF(2). The message polynomial m(x) is created as follows: m50 is the first bit of the message and m0 is the last bit of the message, which may be a shortened bit. The order of the parity bits is as follows: r11 is the first parity bit transmitted, r10 is the second parity bit transmitted, and r0 is the last parity bit transmitted.
Pad bits are appended after the BCH encoder to ensure that the bit stream aligns on a symbol boundary. The number of pad bits, Npad, that are inserted is a function of the number of PSDU bits NPSDU the number of codewords NCW, the number of parity bits (n−k), and the modulation constellation size M determined from
N pad = log 2 ⁡ ( M ) × ⌈ N PSDU + N CW × ( n - k ) log 2 ⁡ ( M ) ⌉ - [ N PSDU + N CW × ( n - k ) ] .
FIG. 19A-19B shows a spreading scheme 1900 in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure. As shown in spreading scheme 1900, for a spreading factor of 2, each input bit is repeated two times. For a spreading factor of 4, each input bit is repeated four times.
b ⁡ ( i ) = a ⁡ [ S × rem ⁡ ( i , 2 ) + ⌊ i 2 ⌋ ] i = 0 , 1 , … ⁢ , 2 ⁢ S - 1.
If rem(Ntotal,2)=1, the bit interleaving operation is performed by grouping the first 35 spread bits into a single block and then using a block interleaver of size S×3 to permute the bits within that single block. Using sequences a(i) and b(i) (where i=0, 1, . . . , 3S−1) to respectively represent the input and output bits of a S×3 bit interleaver, the output of the S×3 bit interleaver is given as
b ⁡ ( i ) = a ⁡ [ S × rem ⁡ ( i , 3 ) + ⌊ i 3 ⌋ ] ⁢ ⁢ i = 0 , 1 , … ⁢ , 3 ⁢ S - 1.
FIG. 20 shows a table 2000 with GMSK symbol mapping information in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure. For the GMSK constellation, the un-coded or coded, potentially spread and interleaved binary bit stream b (n), n=0, 1, . . . , N−1 is mapped onto a corresponding frequency deviation Δf which is the product of the symbol rate and a modulation index of 0.5. The relationship between the bit stream b (n) and the frequency deviation is given in table 2000.
As previously mentioned, a compliant device is able to support transmission and reception in one of the following frequency bands: 402-405 MHz, 420-450 MHz, 863-870 MHz, 902-928 MHz, 950-956 MHz, 2360-2400 MHz and 2400-2483.5 MHz. FIG. 24 shows a table 2400 with center frequency and channel number relationship information in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure. The mapping functions g1(nc) and g2 (nc) used in the 420-450 MHz and 863-870 MHz frequency bands are respectively defined as
g 1 ⁡ ( n c ) = { n c 0 ≤ n c ≤ 1 n c + 6.875 2 ≤ n c ≤ 4 n c + 13.4 n c = 5 n c + 35.025 6 ≤ n c ≤ 7 n c + 40.925 8 ≤ n c ≤ 9 n c + 47.25 10 ≤ n c ≤ 11 , and ⁢ ⁢ g 2 ⁡ ( n c ) = { n c 0 ≤ n c ≤ 7 n c + 0.5 n c = 8 n c + 1 9 ≤ n c ≤ 12 n c + 1.5 n c = 13 .
The modulation accuracy of the transmitter is determined via an error-vector magnitude (EVM) measurement, which is calculated over N baud-spaced received complex values (Îk,{circumflex over (Q)}k). A decision is made for each received complex value. The ideal position of the chosen symbol is represented by the vector (Ik,Qk). The error vector (δIk,δQk) 80 is defined as the distance from the ideal position to the actual position of the received complex values, i.e., (Îk,{circumflex over (Q)}k)=(Ik,Qk)+(δIk,δQk).
EVM = 1 N ⁢ ∑ k = 1 N ⁢ ( δ ⁢ ⁢ I k 2 + δ ⁢ ⁢ Q k 2 ) S 2 × 100 ⁢ % ,
where S is the magnitude of the vector to the ideal constellation point. A transmitter shall have EVM values less than or equal to those listed in the table 3100 of FIG. 31, where the measure for N=TBD (to be determined) symbols. In at least some embodiments, the EVM is measured on baseband/and Q samples after the received signal is passed through a reference receiver, which shall perform the following operations: matched SRRC filtering, carrier-frequency offset estimation and symbol timing recovery while making the measurements.
1. A method of operating a physical layer (PHY) of a body area network (BAN) device, the method comprising:
generating a physical-layer convergence protocol (PLCP) preamble, including concatenating a 63-bit m-sequence with a 27-bit extension sequence including bit values of 010101010101101101101101101;
generating a PLCP header;
transforming a physical-layer service data unit (PSDU) into a physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) pre-appended with the PLCP preamble and the PLCP header; and
transmitting the PPDU at a data rate based on an operation frequency band.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the PLCP header is derived from a data structure including a 15-bit PHY header field, a 4-bit header check sequence (HCS) field, and a 12-bit Bose, Ray-Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) parity bit field.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the 15-bit PHY header field includes:
a 3-bit rate field associated the data rate with the operation frequency band;
an 8-bit length field representing a number of octets in a medium access control (MAC) frame body;
a 1-bit burst mode field; and
a 1-bit scrambler seed field.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the PLCP header includes:
generating a PHY header based on a medium access control (MAC) frame body;
generating a header check sequence (HCS) by calculating a header check sequence of the PHY header;
generating Bose, Ray-Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) parity bits by applying a BCH code to a concatenation of the PHY header and the HCS; and
generating encoded bits including the PHY header, the HCS, and the BCH parity bits.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the generating the PLCP header includes:
spreading the encoded bits based on a spreading factor associated with the operation frequency band;
interleaving the spread bits;
scrambling the interleaved bits based on a seed associated with a channel number of the operation frequency band; and
mapping the scrambled bits to a constellation based on the operation frequency band.
generating the PSDU based on a medium access control (MAC) header, a MAC frame body, and a frame check sequence (FCS).
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the generating the PSDU includes:
generating a bit stream including the MAC header, the MAC frame body, and the FCS;
applying a Bose, Ray-Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) encoder to the bit stream to generate encoded bits;
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting the PPDU includes ramping up a transmission power from 10% to 90% of a maximum power of the PHY within 5 symbols of the PPDU.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting the PPDU includes ramping down a transmission power from 90% to 10% of a maximum power of the PHY within 5 symbols of the PPDU.
10. A body area network (BAN) device, comprising:
a transceiver having a physical layer (PHY) including:
means for generating a physical-layer convergence protocol (PLCP) preamble, including means for concatenating a 63-bit m-sequence with a 27-bit extension sequence including bit values of 010101010101101101101101101;
means for generating a PLCP header;
means for transforming a physical-layer service data unit (PSDU) into a physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) pre-appended with the PLCP preamble and the PLCP header; and
means for transmitting the PPDU at a data rate based on an operation frequency band.
11. The BAN device of claim 10, wherein the PLCP header is derived from a data structure including a 15-bit PHY header field, a 4-bit header check sequence (HCS) field, and a 12-bit Bose, Ray-Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) parity bit field.
12. The BAN device of claim 11, wherein the 15-bit PHY header field includes:
13. The BAN device of claim 10, wherein the means for generating the PLCP header includes:
means for generating a PHY header based on a medium access control (MAC) frame body;
means for generating a header check sequence (HCS) by calculating a header check sequence of the PHY header;
means for generating Bose, Ray-Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) parity bits by applying a BCH code to a concatenation of the PHY header and the HCS; and
means for generating encoded bits including the PHY header, the HCS, and the BCH parity bits.
14. The BAN device of claim 13, wherein the means for generating the PLCP header includes:
means for spreading the encoded bits based on a spreading factor associated with the operation frequency band;
means for interleaving the spread bits;
means for scrambling the interleaved bits based on a seed associated with a channel number of the operation frequency band; and
means for mapping the scrambled bits to a constellation based on the operation frequency band.
15. The BAN device of claim 10, further comprising:
means for generating the PSDU based on a medium access control (MAC) header, a MAC frame body, and a frame check sequence (FCS).
16. The BAN device of claim 15, wherein the means for generating the PSDU includes:
means for generating a bit stream including the MAC header, the MAC frame body, and the FCS;
a Bose, Ray-Chaudhuri, Hocquenghem (BCH) encoder for encoding the bit stream to generate encoded bits;
17. The BAN device of claim 10, wherein the means for transmitting the PPDU includes means for ramping up a transmission power from 10% to 90% of a maximum.
18. The BAN device of claim 10, wherein the means for transmitting the PPDU includes means for ramping down a transmission power from 90% to 10% of a maximum power of the PHY within 5 symbols of the PPDU.
US15/298,829 2009-04-14 2016-10-20 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices Active US9872130B2 (en)
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US12/760,516 US8488655B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 PHY layer parameters for body area network (BAN) devices
US12/760,510 US8605568B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
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US14/061,429 US9154350B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2013-10-23 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US14/824,705 US9510139B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2015-08-12 Phy layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US15/298,829 US9872130B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2016-10-20 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US15/786,823 US10292030B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2017-10-18 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US14/824,705 Continuation US9510139B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2015-08-12 Phy layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US15/786,823 Continuation US10292030B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2017-10-18 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US20170041738A1 US20170041738A1 (en) 2017-02-09
US9872130B2 true US9872130B2 (en) 2018-01-16
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US12/760,513 Active 2031-02-09 US8391228B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 PHY layer PPDU construction for body area network (BAN) devices
US12/760,510 Active 2031-12-28 US8605568B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 PHY layer options for body area network (BAN) devices
US12/760,516 Active 2031-08-11 US8488655B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2010-04-14 PHY layer parameters for body area network (BAN) devices
US13/917,435 Active 2030-09-22 US9036614B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2013-06-13 PHY layer parameters for body area network (BAN) devices
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