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9780853083290
His Honour Nigel Fricker QC, Her Honour Nazreen Pearce
Recognised as the standard reference work on the subject, Emergency Remedies in the Family Courts gives practical guidance on how all emergency applications should be made and is available as an online or print subscription. For any family law crisis, Emergency Remedies in the Family Courts:Identifies the appropriate remedyExplains in step-by-step detail the requisite procedureProvides model applications and pleadingsClarifies the underlying law Written and edited by an unrivalled team of experts, definitive advice is provided on all aspects of the law, together with guidance on over 70 urgent applications, including:Application for non-molestation and/or occupation order under Family Law Act 1996, Part IVApplication for a freezing injunction, search orders and writ ne exeat regnoAuthority to place a child in secure accommodationApplication for an emergency protection orderApplication for authority under the inherent jurisdictionApplication for warrant of arrest under Family Law Act 1996, Pt IV, s 47(8)Application for forced marriage protection ordersApplication for judicial reviewUrgent appeal against an order by magistrates for transfer of residence of a childApplication to extend or restrict publicityApplication in respect of mentally ill personsApplications concerning domestic and international child abductionThe impact of the Hague Convention 1996 on the Protection of ChildrenApplications under TOLATA and MFP Act 1984 Part IIIGeneral introduction on procedure under the FPR 2010Emergency Remedies in the Family Courts has a unique format comprising four parts:Key Page - A quick reference guide to the appropriate application, who can apply and in which court the application must be madeProcedural Guide - Takes you step-by-step through each stage of an application and cross-refers you to the relevant rules of courtPrecedents - Includes all documentation needed for each applicationLaw and Practice - These sections present unrivalled advice from a team of experts giving you a full understanding of the applicable law
Applications under the Children Act 1989Wardship and the Inherent JurisdictionAdoptionChild Abduction: Registration and EnforcementPersonal Protection and Occupation of the Family HomeProtection of Family PropertyRestriction of PublicityProtection of Vulnerable AdultsAppeals Judicial ReviewAppendices ---------------- Find out more about the scope of the work and how to use it ----------------Find out what is in the latest update
His Honour Nigel Fricker QC
The third edition of Emergency Remedies in the Family Courts, in loose-leaf form, is intended, like the previous editions, to meet the practical needs of family law practitioners. Among the helpful suggestions received from users and adopted in this edition is the change to loose-leaf. The continuing changes in family law and procedures, some by statute or rules of court and some evolutionary, make it difficult for courts and practitioners to keep up to date. Users of the book, including teachers of family law, have persuaded the authors and publishers that the book will be more useful if the latest developments are regularly incorporated. The second edition of this book included a page headed ‘The Book and How to Use it’, which said ‘Experienced practitioners often guide a less experienced assistant or colleague by giving him or her a precedent to adapt and explaining the sequence of steps which need to be taken’. The Preface to the second edition said the book ‘is designed to enable a busy family law practitioner in private practice or employed by a local authority, easily to find a precedent for an emergency application to an appropriate court. Procedural guides facilitate pursuit of each application. Explanatory texts help to understand what can be achieved in an application and to justify what the practitoner seeks if he is questioned by the court. Best practice is the model’. The goal of the third edition is to build on the strengths of the earlier editions, carrying forward the same practical approach. The personal protection material (Division E) has been updated on the basis of the present law. The revisions for the new law and practice under the Family Law Act 1996 will be distributed in time for the commencement of Part IV of the Act, which is expected to be in October 1997. The spectrum of experience of the team of authors is the source from which the book draws its strength and I thank each of them for their positive and committed contributions. My thanks are also due to David Burrows for providing the material for Appendix 1; Peter Harris, the Official Solicitor, for contributing Appendix 5; Ruth Few, Clerk of the Rules, Family Division, for helpful suggestions for improvements in ‘Procedure on appeal from magistrates’ in Division I; Mrs Melanie Perara for the application for displacement of nearest relative in Division H and to District Judge Roger Bird for reviewing some of the precedents. Nigel Fricker July 1997
The courts exercising the family jurisdiction can only operate usefully if the lawyers and public who use them understand their procedures. The difference between an order which leads to an effective result and one which does not may depend, particularly in an emergency, upon making the correct application to the right court supported by the relevant information. All the courts, including those dealing with family law, are engaged in the process of streamlining the procedures with a view to saying delays in hearing cases, avoiding complexity and reducing unnecessary costs of litigation. Practitioners have to be well aware of the changes in the rules and practice directions of the courts. The third edition of this invaluable book brings up to date the procedures of all the relevant family courts and continues to guide those using the book, step by step, by clear and easy to follow instructions. It is a must for all practitioners, whether their practice of family law is regular or infrequent. The Right Hon Lady Justice Butler-Sloss DBE January 1997
General Editor Her Honour Nasreen PearceFounding Editor His Honour Nigel Fricker QCContributorsRichard Budworth Barrister, 2–3 Hind Court, LondonDavid Burrows Solicitor Advocate, BristolDistrict Judge Susan Jackson County Court at Central London and the Family Court at Croydon and Nominated Judge of the Court of ProtectionJulie O’Malley Barrister, Lamb Building, LondonLisa Phillips Director and Solicitor Advocate, Child Care Law Department, Switalskis Solicitors LLP, LeedsDavid Salter Consultant, Mills & Reeve LLP, Leeds, Manchester, Cambridge, Norwich, Birmingham and London and Deputy High Court Judge and Recorder
Extract from E13 Female genital mutilation[13.1] Background InformationFemale genital mutilation (FGM) when committed against a child is child abuse and in relation to both a girl and an adult woman is a form of violence. It has serious and significant physical, emotional, psychological and mental health consequences which are both short term and long term. It should therefore never be tolerated, overlooked, accepted or excused. It is a criminal offence under the Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 (see below [13.6]). There is also no place for political correctness in dealing with, and tackling, the issue – even at the risk of being labelled a ‘racist' or discriminatory. Its unacceptance in any civilised society has been described in a number of cases, eg in Singh v Entry Clearance Officer, New Delhi [2004] EWCA Civ 1075, [2005] 1 FLR 308 Munby LJ (as he then was) stated that it was a ‘barbarous' practice; Auld LJ described it as an ‘evil practice internationally condemned and in clear violation of Art 3 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1950' in Fornah v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2005] EWCA Civ 680, [2005] 2 FLR 1085. In B and G (Children) (No 2) [2015] EWFC 3 Sir James Munby President repeated what he had said in Singh and referring to his observations in NS v MI [2006] EWHC 1646 (Fam), [2007] 1 FLR 444 in relation to forced marriage he said that every word that he had there used in relation to forced marriage ‘applies with equal force to FGM' (para [57]), ie‘[3] Forced marriages … are utterly unacceptable. I repeat what I said in Re K, A Local Authority v N [2005] EWHC 2956, (Fam) [20071 1 FLR 399, at para [85]:“Forced marriage is a gross abuse of human rights. It is a form of domestic violence that dehumanises people by denying them their right to choose how to live their lives. It is an appalling practice. [I then quoted what I had said in Singh before continuing] No social or cultural imperative can extenuate and no pretended recourse to religious belief can possibly justify forced marriage.”[4] Forced marriage is intolerable. It is an abomination. And, as I also said in Re K, at paras [87]–[88], the court must bend all its powers to preventing it happening. The court must not hesitate to use every weapon in its protective arsenal if faced with what is, or appears to be, a case of forced marriage.'And at para [68] the President said ‘In my judgment, any form of FGM constitutes “significant harm” within the meaning of sections 31 and 100' (see further under [13.6]).It is estimated that approximately 134,000 women and girls living in England and Wales are living with the consequences of FGM. The likelihood is that the actual figure is much higher because it is difficult to make a realistic estimate due to the hidden nature of the abuse amongst those who have migrated to England and Wales and its continued practice on girls born in this country. It is more prevalent in areas with larger communities from those countries where FGM is part of the social and cultural structure of the community. Demographic and Health Survey and other national surveys 1997–2012 indicated that in the UK it is concentrated in larger cities such as London, Cardiff, Birmingham, Manchester, Sheffield, Northampton and other town and cities with a high migrant community.FGM is more prevalent in African, some Middle Eastern and Asian countries. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that between 100 and 140 million girls and women worldwide have experienced FGM and about 3 million girls some form of the procedure each year in Africa alone. (See The Multi Agency Guidance on FGM for a diagram of the prevalence of FGM across the globe).Many explanations are advanced in support of the practice of FGM. The reasons given are often linked to the social, cultural and traditional elements of the society in which the family has lived and have a sense of belonging. Much of it is related to the position a woman is held in the community and her responsibility to bring and maintain the honour of the immediate and wider extended family within the community. Hence, it becomes an issue of status, respect and honour both for the girl/woman within that community and the eligibility of marriage. Reasons of cleanliness and hygiene are also put forward in support of the practice. Some communities believe that it is a religious requirement, eg in Muslim communities. However, this is not supported by learned religious bodies and authorities ...[13.2]---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Extract from Division E Personal protection and occupation of the family homeE[16.1] SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO DIVISION EUrgent remedies under Part IV of the Family Law Act 1996 and byinjunctions against tortsPartIV of the Family Law Act 1996 (FLA 1996), implemented on 1 October 1997,providesa comprehensive code for applications for orders for personal protection frommolestationby a member of the family or other ‘associated person’, and for occupationof afamily home. The provisions relating to non-molestation orders and inparticulartheability of the court to attach a power of arrest to such an order wassubstantiallyalteredby the provisions of the Domestic Violence Crime and Victims Act 2004, whichcameinto force on 1 July 2007. The result of these changes is that breach of anon-molestationorder is now enforced through criminal proceedings in themagistrates’court and, as a result, the court no longer has the power to add a power ofarrestto a non-molestation order. Applications may be brought either as‘free-standing’applications or ancillary within subsisting family proceedings. DivisionEdeals primarily with emergency and urgent applications brought under the FLA1996.Thereremain cases of harassment and violence between persons who have or havehad apersonal relationship akin to a family relationship but who are not included intheclass of associated persons eligible under the Act, and which may be remediedbyinjunctionsmade in actions founded in common law torts or the statutory tort ofharassmentunder the Protection from Harassment Act 1997. Division E deals withtortsat Applications E7 and E8 and in Section 4 of the Law and Practice at [16.48].E[16.2A] Applications under Part IV of the Family Law Act 1996 maybe‘free-standing’ or made within family proceedingsMostapplications for personal protection or regulation of occupation of the familyhomeunder the 1996 Act will be ‘free-standing’, but protection under the Act isalsoavailableon applications made within other family proceedings. In particular,sometimesan order under the powers in the FLA 1996 for protection of children isappropriatewithin proceedings under the Children Act 1989 (see Division A). Thecourtmay make a non-molestation order in other family proceedings whether or not aformalapplication has been made and, in appropriate cases, of its own motion (FLA1996,s 42(2)).E[16.3] New single Family Court jurisdictionTheFamily Law Act 1996, Part IV, followed the approach of the Children Act 1989 increating,with small exceptions, a structure of unified remedies and proceduresavailablein the High Court, county courts and family proceedings courts. With effectfrom22 April 2014, s 17 of the Crime and Courts Act 2013 came into force creating asingleFamily Court. The aim is to facilitate an exclusive forum for family cases. Thelegislationand related regulations seeks to co locate the jurisdiction of the familyproceedingscourt, the county court and High Court as those powers relate to ChildrenActcases but the intention is to incorporate the entire family jurisdiction infuture.Applicationsunder FLA 1996 for protection from domestic abuse are included in thenewarrangements ...
Scope of the Work and How to Use itAim of the workExperienced practitioners often guide a lessexperienced assistant or colleague by giving him or her a precedent to adaptand explaining the sequence of steps which need to be taken. When the practiceand procedure is overhauled as under the FPR 2010 even the experienced need ahelping hand. This publication aims to offer illustrative, fictional,precedents and procedural guides to demonstrate how to launch emergencyapplications under the new rules and practice directions using the appropriateprescribed forms and bring them to a satisfactory result, seeking remedies thatare appropriate for the needs of the client. Further, the precedents,procedural guides and narrative explanations of law and practice give easyaccess to a practitioner, a judge or a magistrates’ clerk who needs quickly tocheck whether an application is proceeding in the right direction.Structure of the illustrative precedents andprocedural guidesEach set of precedents begins with a Key Page, which summarises theprincipal characteristics of an application and acts as an index to the set ofprecedents and the supporting narrative text. The procedural guide that followssummarises the sequence of steps to be taken, with references to the rules ofcourt that apply.Narrative texts of law and practiceThe authors have sought to balance the need bypractitioners for a book that affords explanation of most situations that arelikely to arise in an emergency.GenderThroughout this publication, the gender usedreflects the situation that occurs most commonly in practice. Unless thecontrary appears, references to either the female or male gender areinterchangeable.Looseleaf updatingThe looseleaf arrangement of Emergency Remedies in the Family Courtsenables the book to be kept regularly up to date by the removal and insertionof updating pages. These are supplied at least twice per year in the form of Updates. Each Update is accompanied by filing instructions, which should be followedcarefully to ensure that your book is fully and correctly updated. At the endof the binder you will find a Filing Record, which should be completed eachtime an Update has been filed. AChecklist of Pages is sent with each Update,which should be used to check that your copy of Emergency Remedies in the Family Courts is complete and has beencorrectly updated. The Checklist should then be filed at the back of thebinder.Arrangement of the workThe material is divided into 11 Divisions, eachseparated by plastic divider cards, as follows:Gen Generalintroduction on procedureA Applicationsunder the Children Act 1989B Wardshipand the inherent jurisdictionC AdoptionD Childabduction: registration and enforcementE Personalprotection and occupation of the family homeF Protectionof family propertyG Restrictionof publicityH Protectionof the mentally and physically infirmI Appealsincluding stay of execution, bail and judicial reviewJ CivilpartnershipK Emergencycontact details.The applications that are dealt with in eachDivision are listed in full both in the main contents to the work and at thestart of each Division.Paragraph numberingThe text is divided into numbered paragraphs.Cross-references to material in other Divisions are to paragraph numbers inthose Divisions. For example, a reference to A[23.16] directs the reader to paragraph [23.16] in Division A.Where no letter appears, the reference is to a paragraph within the sameDivision.Tables and indexThe work contains tables of cases, statutes andstatutory instruments. These are located behind the plastic divider card markedTables.A comprehensive index is included to facilitateeasy access to the material in the book. This is to be found at the end of thebinder.Subscription and editorial enquiriesPlease address any queries relating to yoursubscription to Customer Services, Jordan Publishing Limited,21 St Thomas Street, Bristol BS1 6JS. Tel 0117 918 1492, Fax 0117 9250486. Requests for missing pages or notification of change of address should bemade on the relevant page supplied at the back of the Binder.Queries relating to the content of the workshould be directed to The Commissioning Editor, Emergency Remedies in the Family Courts, at the above address.Civil Procedure Rules 1998The Civil Procedure Rules 1998 (CPR) wereintroduced on 26 April 1999. All civil proceedings are subject to these rules.‘Family proceedings’, as defined by the rules (see below), are exempt from theCPR (CPR, r 2.1(2)) with the following exceptions:(1)Costsrules under CPR Parts 43, 44, 47 and 48 apply to all familyproceedings.(2)CPR Part 52(appeals to the Court of Appeal) applies to all family proceedings from 2 May2000.Rules in family proceedingsSubject to these exceptions, family proceedingsare now covered by the FPR 2010 and the Practice Directions, which togetherprovide a single procedural code, which applies to all levels of courts.The Rules of the Supreme Court 1965 (RSC) (HighCourt) and the County Court Rules 1981 (CCR) (county courts), apply tofamily proceedings where they are specifically provided for in the FPR 2010 andwhere they are not inconsistent with the new rules.Thus, for example, committal in the county courtwill still be covered by CCR Ord 29.‘Family proceedings’: a definition(1)Narrow definition‘Family business’ is defined in the Matrimonialand Family Proceedings Act 1984, s 32 as ‘business of any descriptionwhich in the High Court is for the time being assigned to the Family Divisionand to no other Division by or under section 61 of (and Schedule 1to) the Senior Courts] Act 1981’ and family proceedings is defined as‘proceedings which are family business’.Senior Courts Act 1981, Sch 1 providesa narrow list of family proceedings, including matrimonial causes and variouschildren proceedings ...
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Update 42This update incorporates changes to legislation and case-law and procedure since the last update. In addition it includes the following significant material relevant to urgent applications in the Family Court:Division A● Text on specifically how and when the inherent jurisdiction may be relied on in:– public law cases that are concerned with radicalisation issues;– cases that involve deprivation of liberty of a young person, eg Re Daniel X [2016] EWFC B31; and– the innovative use of the inherent jurisdiction in Re C (Children) [2016] EWCA Civ 374 concerning the naming of a child.● President’s Guidance for the Judiciary on Transfer of Proceedings under Art 15 of BIIR and the Hague Convention 1996, Arts 8 and 9.● A separate section on the principles with reference to case-law in relation to applications under the Children Act 1989, s 91(14).Division D● A new precedent for orders in non-Convention abduction cases incorporating the President’s suggested orders as set out in the April 2016 Guidance.● Text on the need to conclude abduction cases with expedition and the consequences if cases are not dealt with in a timely manner.● Updates on the details of all UK Central Authorities.● The courts’ powers to strike out, with particular reference to the judgment in Re D (Children: Child Abduction: Practice) [2016] EWHC 504 (Fam).● Issues concerning representation of a child by reference to all recent case-law.● Updates to the procedural guide on transfer of proceedings under Art 15 of BIIR for incoming and outgoing transfers.Division E● Material on:– an application by a child for Part 4 orders under a discrete heading ‘Applications for orders by children’;– representation of those lacking capacity in applications for a forced marriage protection order;– the need for representation of a contemnor in committal proceedings.● The checklist in relation to contempt proceedings referred to in Re L (A Child) [2016] EWCA Civ 173 is fully set out.● The use of the court’s inherent jurisdiction and protection provided in public law proceedings under the Children Act 1989 in forced marriage cases is considered by reference to London Borough of Camden v RZ [2015] EWHC 3751 (Fam).● The procedural steps that must be taken when the court makes an FMPO on its own initiative.Division F● Recent case-law on beneficial interests and proprietary estoppels in relation to applications under TLATA 1996, s 14.● The use of receivership to enforce arrears of maintenance and service out of the jurisdiction especially concerning a roaming respondent.Division IThis division is revised and updated and now includes a separate section on:● challenging case management decisions; and● applications to set aside orders and appeals out of time.