Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7765104?dq=5572193
Timestamp: 2014-07-24 07:54:38
Document Index: 24968326

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 2008112226', 'Application No. 06799105', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'Application No. 095136566', 'Application No. 095136561', 'Application No. 2008103314', 'Application No. 2008112174', 'Application No. 06757751', 'Application No. 06799058', 'Application No. 95124070', 'Application No. 95124112', 'Application No. 095124113']

Patent US7765104 - Slot position coding of residual signals of spatial audio coding application - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsSpatial information associated with an audio signal is encoded into a bitstream, which can be transmitted to a decoder or recorded to a storage media. The bitstream can include different syntax related to time, frequency and spatial domains. In some embodiments, the bitstream includes one or more data...http://www.google.com/patents/US7765104?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7765104 - Slot position coding of residual signals of spatial audio coding applicationAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7765104 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/514,302Publication dateJul 27, 2010Filing dateAug 30, 2006Priority dateAug 30, 2005Fee statusPaidAlso published asCA2620627A1, CA2620627C, EP1920635A1, EP1920635B1, EP1920636A1, EP1920636B1, EP1938311A1, EP1938311A4, EP1938662A1, EP1938662A4, EP1938663A1, EP1938663A4, EP1941497A1, EP1941497A4, EP1949759A1, EP1949759A4, US7761303, US7783493, US7783494, US7792668, US7822616, US7831435, US8060374, US8082158, US8103513, US8103514, US8165889, US20070071247, US20070078550, US20070091938, US20070094036, US20070094037, US20070201514, US20070203697, US20110022397, US20110022401, US20110044458, US20110044459, US20110085670, WO2007027050A1, WO2007027051A1, WO2007055460A1, WO2007055461A1, WO2007055462A1, WO2007055463A1, WO2007055464A1Publication number11514302, 514302, US 7765104 B2, US 7765104B2, US-B2-7765104, US7765104 B2, US7765104B2InventorsHee Suk Pang, Dong Soo Kim, Jae Hyun Lim, Hyen O. Oh, Yang Won JungOriginal AssigneeLg Electronics Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (106), Non-Patent Citations (104), Referenced by (8), Classifications (16), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSlot position coding of residual signals of spatial audio coding applicationUS 7765104 B2Abstract Spatial information associated with an audio signal is encoded into a bitstream, which can be transmitted to a decoder or recorded to a storage media. The bitstream can include different syntax related to time, frequency and spatial domains. In some embodiments, the bitstream includes one or more data structures (e.g., frames) that contain ordered sets of slots for which parameters can be applied. The data structures can be fixed or variable. The data structure can include position information that can be used by a decoder to identify the correct slot for which a given parameter set is applied. The slot position information can be encoded with either a fixed number of bits or a variable number of bits based on the data structure type.
1. A method of decoding an audio signal performed by an audio coding system, the audio signal including a downmix signal and spatial information, the spatial information including a residual signal, comprising:
extracting time slot information in variable bit length and residual band information in fixed bit length, the time slot information indicating a time slot to which a parameter set is applied and the residual band information indicating a number of parameter bands to which the residual signal is applied;
decoding the audio signal by using the parameter set including the updated parameter based on the time slot information, wherein the process of extracting time slot information further comprises:
wherein a number of the time slot information is equal to the number of parameter sets.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the time slot information includes an absolute value for indicating a time slot to which a first parameter set is applied or a difference value for indicating a time slot to which a following parameter set of the first parameter set is applied, and
4. An apparatus for decoding an audio signal, the audio signal including a downmix signal and spatial information, the spatial information including a residual signal, comprising:
a processor comprising a signal receiving unit, a spatial information obtaining unit and an upmixing unit,
wherein the signal receiving unit is operable for receiving a residual signal, a downmix signal and spatial information, and
wherein the spatial information obtaining unit is operable for obtaining parameter set, time slot information corresponding to the parameter set and residual band information indicating the number of parameter bands corresponding to the residual signal, and updating a parameter of the parameter set by using the residual signal based on the residual band information, the parameter set including inter-channel correlation information, and
wherein the upmixing unit is operable for decoding the downmix signal by using the parameter set including the updated parameter based on the time slot information,
wherein a bit length of the time slot information is determined based on a number of time slots, a number of parameter sets, and previous time slot information associated with a previous parameter set.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the time slot information is position information indicating a position of a time slot to which a parameter set is applied.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the time slot information includes an absolute value for indicating a time slot to which a first parameter set is applied or a difference value for indicating a time slot to which a following parameter set of the first parameter set is applied, and
CROSS-RELATED APPLICATIONS This patent application claims the benefit of priority from the following Korean and U.S. patent applications:
Korean Patent No. 10-2006-0004051, filed Jan. 13, 2006; Korean Patent No. 10-2006-0004057, filed Jan. 13, 2006; Korean Patent No. 10-2006-0004062, filed Jan. 13, 2006; Korean Patent No. 10-2006-0004063, filed Jan. 13, 2006; Korean Patent No. 10-2006-0004055, filed Jan. 13, 2006; Korean Patent No. 10-2006-0004065, filed Jan. 13, 2006; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/712,119, filed Aug. 30, 2005; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/719,202, filed Sep. 22, 2005; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/723,007, filed Oct. 4, 2005; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/726,228, filed Oct. 14, 2005; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/729,225. filed Oct. 24, 2005; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/762,536, filed Jan. 27, 2006. Each of these patent applications is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD The subject matter of this application is generally related to audio signal processing.
BACKGROUND Efforts are underway to research and develop new approaches to perceptual coding of multi-channel audio, commonly referred to as Spatial Audio Coding (SAC). SAC allows transmission of multi-channel audio at low bit rates, making SAC suitable for many popular audio applications (e.g., Internet streaming, music downloads).
SUMMARY Spatial information associated with an audio signal is encoded into a bitstream, which can be transmitted to a decoder or recorded to a storage media. The bitstream can include different syntax related to time, frequency and spatial domains. In some embodiments, the bitstream includes one or more data structures (e.g., frames) that contain ordered sets of slots for which parameters can be applied. The data structures can be fixed or variable. A data structure type indicator can be inserted in the bitstream to enable a decoder to determine the data structure type and to invoke an appropriate decoding process. The data structure can include position information that can be used by a decoder to identify the correct slot for which a given parameter set is applied. The slot position information can be encoded with either a fixed number of bits or a variable number of bits based on the data structure type as indicated by the data structure type indicator. For variable data structure types, the slot position information can be encoded with a variable number of bits based on the position of the slot in the ordered set of slots.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings:
DETAILED DESCRIPTION FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a principle of generating spatial information according to one embodiment of the present invention. Perceptual coding schemes for multi-channel audio signals are based on a fact that humans can perceive audio signals through three dimensional space. The three dimensional space of an audio signal can be represented using spatial information, including but not limited to the following known spatial parameters: Channel Level Differences (CLD), Inter-channel Correlation/Coherence (ICC), Channel Time Difference (CTD), Channel Prediction Coefficients (CPC), etc. The CLD parameter describes the energy (level) differences between two audio channels, the ICC parameter describes the amount of correlation or coherence between two audio channels and the CTD parameter describes the time difference between two audio channels.
The spatial information generating unit 203 extracts spatial information from the multi-channel audio signal 201. In this case, �spatial information� means information relating to the audio signal channels used in upmixing the downmix signal 204 to a multi-channel audio signal in the decoder. The downmix signal 204 is generated by downmixing the multi-channel audio signal. The spatial information is encoded to provide an encoded spatial information signal 206.
In some embodiments, the channel converting module can include an OTT (one-to-two) box for converting one channel to two channels and vice versa, and a TTT (two-to-three) box for converting two channels to three channels and vice versa. The OTT and/or TTT boxes can be arranged in a variety of useful configurations. For example, the upmixing unit 309 shown in FIG. 3 can include a 5-1-5 configuration, a 5-2-5 configuration, a 7-2-7 configuration, a 7-5-7 configuration etc. In a 5-1-5 configuration, a downmix signal having one channel is generated by downmixing five channels to a one channel, which can then be upmixed to five channels. Other configurations can be created in the same manner using various combinations of OTT and TTT boxes.
Referring to FIG. 6A, a number of parameter sets 1, . . . , P can be used in a spatial frame, and each parameter set can include one or more data fields 1, . . . , Q-1. A parameter set can be applied to an entire frequency domain of an audio signal, and each spatial parameter in the parameter set can be applied to one or more portions of the frequency band. For example, if a parameter set includes 20 spatial parameters, the entire frequency band of an audio signal can be divided into 20 zones (hereinafter referred to as �parameter bands�) and the 20 spatial parameters of the parameter set can be applied to the 20 parameter bands. The parameters can be applied to the parameter bands as desired. For example, the spatial parameters can be densely applied to low frequency parameter bands and sparsely applied to high frequency parameter bands.
A �bsSamplingFrequencyIndex� field 701 indicates a sampling frequency obtained from a sampling process of an audio signal. To represent the sampling frequency, 4 bits are allocated to the �bsSamplingFrequencyIndex� field 701. If a value of the �bsSamplingFrequencyIndex� field 701 is 15, i.e., a binary number of 1111, a �bsSamplingFrequency� field 702 is added to represent the sampling frequency. In this case, 24 bits are allocated to the �bsSamplingFrequency� field 702.
A �bsFrameLength� field 703 indicates a total number of time slots (hereinafter named �numSlots�) within one spatial frame, and a relation of numSlots=bsFrameLength+1 can exist between �numSlots� and the �bsFrameLength� field 703.
A �bsFreqRes� field 704 indicates a total number of parameter bands spanning an entire frequency domain of an audio signal. The �bsFreqRes� field 704 will be explained in FIG. 7B.
A �bsTreeConfig� field 705 indicates information for a tree configuration including a plurality of channel converting modules, such as described in reference to FIG. 4. The information for the tree configuration includes such information as a type of a channel converting module, a number of channel converting modules, a type of spatial information used in the channel converting module, a number of input/output channels of an audio signal, etc.
A �bsQuantMode� field 706 indicates quantization mode information of spatial information.
A �bsOneIcc� field 707 indicates whether one ICC parameter sub-set is used for all OTT boxes. In this case, the parameter sub-set means a parameter set applied to a specific time slot and a specific channel converting module.
A �bsArbitraryDownmix� field 708 indicates a presence or non-presence of an arbitrary downmix gain.
A �bsFixedGainSur� field 709 indicates a gain applied to a surround channel, e.g., LS (left surround) and RS (right surround).
A �bsFixedgainLF� field 710 indicates a gain applied to a LFE channel.
A �bsFixedGainDM� field 711 indicates a gain applied to a downmix signal.
A �bsMatrixMode� field 712 indicates whether a matrix compatible stereo downmix signal is generated from an encoder.
A �bsTempShapeConfig� field 713 indicates an operation mode of temporal shaping (e.g., TES (temporal envelope shaping) and/or TP (temporal shaping)) in a decoder.
�bsDecorrConfig� field 714 indicates an operation mode of a decorrelator of a decoder.
And, �bs3DaudioMode� field 715 indicates whether a downmix signal is encoded into a 3D signal and whether an inverse HRTF processing is used.
In case that an extension frame exists, a �spatialExtensionConfig� block 718 includes configuration information for the extension frame. Information included in the �spatialExtensionConfig� block 718 will be described in reference to FIGS. 10A to 10D.
FIG. 7B is a table for a number of parameter bands of a spatial information signal according to one embodiment of the present invention. A �numBands� indicates a number of parameter bands for an entire frequency domain of an audio signal and �bsFreqRes� indicates index information for the number of parameter bands. For example, the entire frequency domain of an audio signal can be divided by a number of parameter bands as desired (e.g., 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, 20, 28, etc.).
In some embodiments, one parameter can be applied to each parameter band. For example, if the �numBands� is 28, then the entire frequency domain of an audio signal is divided into 28 parameter bands and each of the 28 parameters can be applied to each of the 28 parameter bands. In another example, if the �numBands� is 4, then the entire frequency domain of a given audio signal is divided into 4 parameter bands and each of the 4 parameters can be applied to each of the 4 parameter bands. In FIG. 7B, the term �Reserved� means that a number of parameter bands for the entire frequency domain of a given audio signal is not determined.
Unlike the �numBands�, the �numSlots� represented by the �bsFramelength� field 703 shown in FIG. 7A can represent all values. The values of �numSlots� may be limited, however, if the number of samples within one spatial frame is exactly divisible by the �numSlots.� Thus, if a maximum value of the �numSlots� to be substantially represented is �b�, every value of the �bsFramelength� field 703 can be represented by ceil{log2(b))} bit(s). In this case, �ceil(x)� means a minimum integer larger than or equal to the �x�. For example, if one spatial frame includes 72 time slots, then ceil{log2(72)} =7 bits can be allocated to the �bsFrameLength� field 703, and the number of parameter bands applied to a channel converting module can be decided within the �numBands�.
FIG. 8A illustrates a syntax for representing a number of parameter bands applied to an OTT box by a fixed number of bits according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 7A and 8A, a value of �i� has a value of zero to numOttBoxes−1, where �numOttBoxes� is the total number of OTT boxes. Namely, the value of �i� indicates each OTT box, and a number of parameter bands applied to each OTT box is represented according to the value of �i�. If an OTT box has an LFE channel mode, the number of parameter bands (hereinafter named �bsOttBands�) applied to the LFE channel of the OTT box can be represented using a fixed number of bits. In the example shown in FIG. 8A, 5 bits are allocated to the �bsOttBands� field 801. If an OTT box does not have a LFE channel mode, the total number of parameter bands (numBands) can be applied to a channel of the OTT box.
FIG. 8B illustrates a syntax for representing a number of parameter bands applied to an OTT box by a variable number of bits according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8B, which is similar to FIG. 8A, differs from FIG. 8A in that �bsOttBands� field 802 shown in FIG. 8B is represented by a variable number of bits. In particular, the �bsOttBands� field 802, which has a value equal to or less than �numBands�, can be represented by a variable number of bits using �numBands�.
If the �numBands� lies within a range equal to or greater than 2^(n−1) and less than 2^(n), the �bsOttBands� field 802 can be represented by variable n bits.
For example: (a) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 6 bits; (b) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 5 bits; (c) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 4 bits; and (d) if the �numBands� is 7, 5 or 4, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 3 bits.
If the �numBands� lies within a range greater than 2^(n−1) and equal to or less than 2^(n), the �bsOttBands� field 802 can be represented by variable n bits.
For example: (a) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 6 bits; (b) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 5 bits; (c) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 4 bits; (d) if the �numBands� is 7 or 5, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 3 bits; and (e) if the �numBands� is 4, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by 2 bits.
The �bsOttBands� field 802 can be represented by a variable number of bits through a function (hereinafter named �ceil function�) of rounding up to a nearest integer by taking the �numBands� as a variable.
In particular, i) in case of 0<bsOttBands≦numBands or 0≦bsOttBands<numBands, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by a number of bits corresponding to a value of ceil(log2(numBands)) or ii) in case of 0≦bsOttBands≦numBands, the �bsOttBands� field 802 can be represented by ceil(log2(numBands+1) bits.
If a value equal to or less than the �numBands� (hereinafter named �numberBands�) is arbitrarily determined, the �bsOttBands� field 802 can be represented by a variable number of bits through the ceil function by taking the �numberBands� as a variable.
In particular, i) in case of 0<bsOttBands≦numberBands or 0≦bsOttBands<numberBands, the �bsOttBands� field 802 is represented by ceil(log2(numberBands)) bits or ii) in case of 0≦bsOttBands≦numberBands, the �bsOttBands� field 802 can be represented by ceil(log2(numberBands+1) bits.
If more than one OTT box is used, a combination of the �bsOttBands� can be expressed by Formula 1 below
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numBands i - 1 � bsOttBands i , 0 ≤ bsOttBands i < numBands , where, bsOttBandsi indicates an ith �bsOttBands�. For example, assume there are three OTT boxes and three values (N=3) for the �bsOttBands� field 802. In this example, the three values of the �bsOttBands� field 802 (hereinafter named a1, a2 and a3, respectively) applied to the three OTT boxes, respectively, can be represented by 2 bits each. Hence, a total of 6 bits are needed to express the values a1, a2 and a3. Yet, if the values a1, a2 and a3 are represented as a group, then 27 (=3*3*3) cases can occur, which can be represented by 5 bits, saving one bit. If the �numBands� is 3 and a group value represented by 5 bits is 15, the group value can be represented as 15=1x(3^2)+2*(3^1)+0*(3^0). Hence, a decoder can determine from the group value 15 that the three values a1, a2 and a3 of the �bsOttBands� field 802 are 1, 2 and 0, respectively, by applying the inverse of Formula 1.
In the case of multiple OTT boxes, the combination of �bsOttBands� can be represented as one of Formulas 2 to 4 (defined below) using the �numberBands�. Since representation of �bsOttBands� using the �numberbands� is similar to the representation using the �numBands� in Formula 1, a detailed explanation shall be omitted and only the formulas are presented below.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ ( numberBands + 1 ) i - 1 � bsOttBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsOttBands i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 2 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsOttBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsOttBands i < numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 3 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsOttBands i , ⁢ 0 < bsOttBands i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 4 ] FIG. 9A illustrates a syntax for representing a number of parameter bands applied to a TTT box by a fixed number of bits according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 7A and 9A, a value of �i� has a value of zero to numTttBoxes−1, where �numTttBoxes� is a number of all TTT boxes. Namely, the value of �i� indicates each TTT box. A number of parameter bands applied to each TTT box is represented according to the value of �i�. In some embodiments, the TTT box can be divided into a low frequency band range and a high frequency band range, and different processes can be applied to the low and high frequency band ranges. Other divisions are possible.
A �bsTttDualMode� field 901 indicates whether a given UTT box operates in different modes (hereinafter called �dual mode�) for a low band range and a high band range, respectively. For example, if a value of the �bsTttDualMode� field 901 is zero, then one mode is used for the entire band range without discriminating between a low band range and a high band range. If a value of the �bsTttDualMode� field 901 is 1, then different modes can be used for the low band range and the high band range, respectively.
A �bsTttModeLow� field 902 indicates an operation mode of a given TTT box, which can have various operation modes. For example, the TTT box can have a prediction mode which uses, for example, CPC and ICC parameters, an energy-based mode which uses, for example, CLD parameters, etc. If a TTT box has a dual mode, additional information for a high band range may be needed.
A �bsTttModeHigh� field 903 indicates an operation mode of the high band range, in the case that the TTT box has a dual mode.
A �bsTttBandsLow� field 904 indicates a number of parameter bands applied to the UTw box.
A �bsTttBandsHigh� field 905 has �numBands�.
If a TTT box has a dual mode, a low band range may be equal to or greater than zero and less than �bsTttBandsLow�, while a high band range may be equal to or greater than �bsTttBandsLow� and less than �bsTttBandsHigh�.
If a TTT box does not have a dual mode, a number of parameter bands applied to the TTT box may be equal to or greater than zero and less than �numBands� (907).
The �bsTttBandsLow� field 904 can be represented by a fixed number of bits. For instance, as shown in FIG. 9A, 5 bits can be allocated to represent the �bsTttBandsLow� field 904.
FIG. 9B illustrates a syntax for representing a number of parameter bands applied to a TTT box by a variable number of bits according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9B is similar to FIG. 9A but differs from FIG. 9A in representing a �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 of FIG. 9B by a variable number of bits while representing a �bsTttBandsLow� field 904 of FIG. 9A by a fixed number of bits. In particular, since the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 has a value equal to or less than �numBands�, the �bsTttBands� field 907 can be represented by a variable number of bits using �numBands�.
In particular, in the case that the �numBands� is equal to or greater than 2^(n−1) and less than 2^(n), the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 can be represented by n bits.
For example: (i) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 6 bits; (ii) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 5 bits; (iii) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 4 bits; and (iv) if the �numBands� is 7, 5 or 4, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 3 bits.
If the �numBands� lies within a range greater than 2^(n−1) and equal to or less than 2^(n), then the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 can be represented by n bits.
For example: (i) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 6 bits; (ii) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 5 bits; (iii) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 4 bits; (iv) if the �numBands� is 7 or 5, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 3 bits; and (v) if the �numBands� is 4, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by 2 bits.
The �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 can be represented by a number of bits decided by a ceil function by taking the �numBands� as a variable.
For example: i) in case of 0<bsTttBandsLow≦numBands or 0≦bsTttBandsLow<numBands, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by a number of bits corresponding to a value of ceil(log2(numBands)) or ii) in case of 0≦bsTttBandsLow≦numBands, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 can be represented by ceil(log2(numBands+1) bits.
If a value equal to or less than the �numBands�, i.e., �numberBands� is arbitrarily determined, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 can be represented by a variable number of bits using the �numberBands�.
In particular, i) in case of 0<bsTttBandsLow≦numberBands or 0≦bsTttBandsLow<numberBands, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 is represented by a number of bits corresponding to a value of ceil(log2(numberBands)) or ii) in case of 0≦bsTttBandsLow≦numberBands, the �bsTttBandsLow� field 907 can be represented by a number of bits corresponding to a value of ceil(log2(numberBands+1).
If the case of multiple TTT boxes, a combination of the �bsTttBandsLow� can be expressed as Formula 5 defined below.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numBands i - 1 � bsTttBandsLow i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsTttBandsLow i < numBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 5 ] In this case, bsTttBandsLowi indicates an ith �bsTttBandsLow�. Since the meaning of Formula 5 is identical to that of Formula 1, a detailed explanation of Formula 5 is omitted in the following description.
In the case of multiple TTT boxes, the combination of �bsTttBandsLow� can be represented as one of Formulas 6 to 8 using the �numberBands�. Since the meaning of Formulas 6 to 8 is identical to those of Formulas 2 to 4, a detailed explanation of Formulas 6 to 8 will be omitted in the following description.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ ( numberBands + 1 ) i - 1 � bsTttBandsLow i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsTttBandsLow i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 6 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsTttBandsLow i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsTttBandsLow i < numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 7 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsTttBandsLow i , ⁢ 0 < bsTttBandsLow i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 8 ] A number of parameter bands applied to the channel converting module (e.g., OTT box and/or TTT box) can be represented as a division value of the �numBands�. In this case, the division value uses a half value of the �numBands� or a value resulting from dividing the �numBands� by a specific value.
FIG. 10A illustrates a syntax for spatial extension configuration information for a spatial extension frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. Spatial extension configuration information can include a �bsSacExtType� field 1001, a �bsSacExtLen� field 1002, a �bsSacExtLenAdd� field 1003, a �bsSacExtLenAddAdd� field 1004 and a �bsFillBits� field 1007. Other fields are possible.
The �bsSacExtType� field 1001 indicates a data type of a spatial extension frame. For example, the spatial extension frame can be filled up with zeros, residual signal data, arbitrary downmix residual signal data or arbitrary tree data.
The �bsSacExtLen� field 1002 indicates a number of bytes of the spatial extension configuration information.
The �bsSacExtLenAdd� field 1003 indicates an additional number of bytes of spatial extension configuration information if a byte number of the spatial extension configuration information becomes equal to or greater than, for example, 15.
The �bsSacExtLenAddAdd� field 1004 indicates an additional number of bytes of spatial extension configuration information if a byte number of the spatial extension configuration information becomes equal to or greater than, for example, 270.
The �bsFillBits� field 1007 indicates a number of bits of data that can be neglected to fill the unused bits.
Referring to FIG. 10B, a �bsResidualSamplingFrequencyIndex� field 1008 indicates a sampling frequency of a residual signal.
A �bsResidualFramesPerSpatialFrame� field 1009 indicates a number of residual frames per a spatial frame. For instance, 1, 2, 3 or 4 residual frames can be included in one spatial frame.
A �ResidualConfig� block 1010 indicates a number of parameter bands for a residual signal applied to each OTT and/or TTT box.
Referring to FIG. 10C, a �bsResidualPresent� field 1011 indicates whether a residual signal is applied to each OTT and/or TTT box.
A �bsResidualBands� field 1012 indicates a number of parameter bands of the residual signal existing in each OTT and/or TTT box if the residual signal exists in the each OTT and/or TTT box. A number of parameter bands of the residual signal can be represented by a fixed number of bits or a variable number of bits. In case that the number of parameter bands is represented by a fixed number of bits, the residual signal is able to have a value equal to or less than a total number of parameter bands of an audio signal. So, a bit number (e.g., 5 bits in FIG. 10C) necessary for representing a number of all parameter bands can be allocated.
FIG. 10D illustrates a syntax for representing a number of parameter bands of a residual signal by a variable number of bits according to one embodiment of the present invention. A �bsResidualBands� field 1014 can be represented by a variable number of bits using �numBands�. If the numBands is equal to or greater than 2^(n−1) and less than 2^(n), the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 can be represented by n bits.
For instance: (i) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 6 bits; (ii) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 5 bits; (iii) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 4 bits; and (iv) if the �numBands� is 7, 5 or 4, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 3 bits.
For instance: (i) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 6 bits; (ii) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 5 bits; (iii) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 4 bits; (iv) if the �numBands� is 7 or 5, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 3 bits; and (v) if the �numBands� is 4, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by 2 bits.
Moreover, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 can be represented by a bit number decided by a ceil function of rounding up to a nearest integer by taking the �numBands� as a variable.
In particular, i) in case of 0<bsResidualBands≦numBands or 0≦bsResidualBands<numBands, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by ceil{log2(numBands)} bits or ii) in case of 0≦bsResidualBands≦numBands, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 can be represented by ceil{log2(numBands+1)} bits.
In some embodiments, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 can be represented using a value (numberBands) equal to or less than the numBands.
In particular, i) in case of 0<bsresidualBands≦numberBands or 0≦bsresidualBands<numberBands, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 is represented by ceil{log2(numberBands)} bits or ii) in case of 0≦bsresidualBands≦numberBands, the �bsResidualBands� field 1014 can be represented by-ceil{log2(numberBands+1)} bits.
If a plurality of residual signals (N) exist, a combination of the �bsResidualBands� can be expressed as shown in Formula 9 below.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numBands i - 1 � bsResidualBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsResidualBands i < numBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 9 ] In this case, bsResidualBandsi indicates an ith �bsresidualBands�. Since a meaning of Formula 9 is identical to that of Formula 1, a detailed explanation of Formula 9 is omitted in the following description.
If there are multiple residual signals, a combination of the �bsresidualBands� can be represented as one of Formulas 10 to 12 using the �numberBands�. Since representation of �bsresidualBands� using the �numberbands� is identical to the representation of Formulas 2 to 4, its detailed explanation shall be omitted in the following description.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ ( numberBands + 1 ) i - 1 � bsResidualBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsResidualBands i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 10 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsResidualBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsResidualBands i < numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 11 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsResidualBands i , ⁢ 0 < bsResidualBands i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 12 ] A number of parameter bands of the residual signal can be represented as a division value of the �numBands�. In this case, the division value is able to use a half value of the �numBands� or a value resulting from dividing the �numBands� by a specific value.
In case of using the non-guided coding, a number of parameter bands (hereinafter named �bsNumguidedBlindBands�) for each channel of an audio signal can be represented by a fixed number of bits. The �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented by a variable number of bits using �numBands�. For example, if the �numBands� is equal to or greater than 2^(n−1) and less than 2^(n), the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented by variable n bits.
In particular, (a) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 6 bits, (b) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 5 bits, (c) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 4 bits, and (d) if the �numBands� is 7, 5 or 4, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 3 bits.
If the �numBands� is greater than 2^(n−1) and equal to or less than 2^(n), then �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented by variable n bits.
For instance: (a) if the �numBands� is 40, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 6 bits; (b) if the �numBands� is 28 or 20, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 5 bits; (c) if the �numBands� is 14 or 10, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 4 bits; (d) if the �numBands� is 7 or 5, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 3 bits; and (e) if the �numBands� is 4, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by 2 bits.
Moreover, �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented by a variable number of bits using the ceil function by taking the �numBands� as a variable.
For example, i) in case of 0<bsNumguidedBlindBands≦numBands or 0≦bsNumguidedBlindBands<numBands, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by ceil{log2(numBands)} bits or ii) in case of 0≦bsNumguidedBlindBands≦numBands, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented by ceil{log2(numBands+1)} bits.
If a value equal to or less than the �numBands�, i.e., �numberBands� is arbitrarily determined, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented as follows.
In particular, i) in case of 0<bsNumguidedBlindBands≦numberBands or 0≦bsNumguidedBlindBands<numberBands, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� is represented by ceil{log2(numberBands)} bits or ii) in case of 0≦sbsNumguidedBlindBands≦numberBands, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented by ceil{log2(numberBands+1)} bits.
If a number of channels (N) exist, a combination of the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be expressed as Formula 13.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numBands i - 1 � bsNumGuidedBlindBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsNumGuidedBlindBands i < numBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 13 ] In this case, �bsNumguidedBlindBandsi� indicates an ith �bsNumguidedBlindBands�. Since the meaning of Formula 13 is identical to that of Formula 1, a detailed explanation of Formula 13 is omitted in the following description.
If there are multiple channels, the �bsNumguidedBlindBands� can be represented as one of Formulas 14 to 16 using the �numberBands�. Since representation of �bsNumguidedBlindBands� using the �numberbands� is identical to the representations of Formulas 2 to 4, detailed explanation of Formulas 14 to 16 will be omitted in the following description.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ ( numberBands + 1 ) i - 1 � bsNumGuidedBlindBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsNumGuidedBlindBands i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 14 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsNumGuidedBlindBands i , ⁢ 0 ≤ bsNumGuidedBlindBands i < numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 15 ] ∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numberBands i - 1 � bsNumGuidedBlindBands i , ⁢ 0 < bsNumGuidedBlindBands i ≤ numberBands , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 16 ] FIG. 11B is a diagram for a method of representing a number of parameter bands as a group according to one embodiment of the present invention. A number of parameter bands includes number information of parameter bands applied to a channel converting module, number information of parameter bands applied to a residual signal and number information of parameter bands for each channel of an audio signal in case of using non-guided coding. In the case that there exists a plurality of number information of parameter bands, the plurality of the number information (e.g., �bsOttBands�, �bsTttBands�, �bsResidualBand� and/or �bsNumguidedBlindBands�) can be represented as at least one or more groups.
Referring to FIG. 11B, if there are (kN+L) number information of parameter bands and if Q bits are needed to represent each number information of parameter bands, a plurality of number information of parameter bands can be represented as a following group. In this case, �k� and �N� are arbitrary integers not zero and �L� is an arbitrary integer meeting 0≦L<N.
FIG. 12 illustrates syntax representing configuration information of a spatial frame according to one embodiment of the present invention. A spatial frame includes a �FramingInfo� block 1201, a �bsIndependencyfield 1202, a �OttData� block 1203, a �TttData� block 1204, a �SmgData� block 1205 and a �tempShapeData� block 1206.
The �FramingInfo� block 1201 includes information for a number of parameter sets and information for time slot to which each parameter set is applied. The �FramingInfo� block 1201 is explained in detail in FIG. 13A.
The �bsIndependencyFlag� field 1202 indicates whether a current frame can be decoded without knowledge for a previous frame.
The �OttData� block 1203 includes all spatial parameter information for all OTT boxes.
The �TttData� block 1204 includes all spatial parameter information for all TTT boxes.
The �SmgData� block 1205 includes information for temporal smoothing applied to a de-quantized spatial parameter.
The �TempShapeData� block 1206 includes information for temporal envelope shaping applied to a decorrelated signal.
FIG. 13A illustrates a syntax for representing time slot position information, to which a parameter set is applied, according to one embodiment of the present invention. A �bsFramingType� field 1301 indicates whether a spatial frame of an audio signal is a fixed frame type or a variable frame type. A fixed frame means a frame that a parameter set is applied to a preset time slot. For example, a parameter set is applied to a time slot preset with an equal interval. The variable frame means a frame that separately receives position information of a time slot to which a parameter set is applied.
A �bsNumParamSets� field 1302 indicates a number of parameter sets within one spatial frame (hereinafter named �numParamSets�), and a relation of �numParamSets=bsNumparamSets+1� exists between the �numParamSets� and the �bsNumParamSets�.
Since, e.g., 3 bits are allocated to the �bsNumParamSets� field 1302 in FIG. 13A, a maximum of eight parameter sets can be provided within one spatial frame. Since there is no limit on the number of allocated bits more parameter sets can be provided within a spatial frame.
A �bsParamSlot� field 1303 indicates position information of a time slot to which a parameter set is applied. The �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by a variable number of bits using the number of time slots within one spatial frame, i.e., �numSlots�. In particular, in case that the �numSlots� is equal to or greater than 2^(n−1) and less than 2^(n), the �bsParamSlot� field 1103 can be represented by n bits.
For instance: (i) if the �numSlots� lies within a range between 64 and 127, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 7 bits; (ii) if the �nuniSlots� lies within a range between 32 and 63, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 6 bits; (iii) if the �numSlots� lies within a range between 16 and 31, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 5 bits; (iv) if the �numSlots� lies within a range between 8 and 15, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 4 bits; (v) if the �numSlots� lies within a range between 4 and 7, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 3 bits; (vi) if the �numSlots� lies within a range between 2 and 3, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 2 bits; (vii) if the �numSlots� is 1, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 1 bit; and (viii) if the �numSlots� is 0, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 0 bit. Likewise, if the �numSlots� lies within a range between 64 and 127, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 can be represented by 7 bits.
If there are multiple parameter sets (N), a combination of the �bsParamSlot� can be represented according to Formula 9.
∑ i = 1 N ⁢ numSlots i - 1 � bsParamSlot i , 0 ≤ bsParamSlot i < numSlots , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 9 ] In this case, �bsParamSlotsi� indicates a time slot to which an ith parameter set is applied. For instance, assume that the �numSlots� is 3 and that the �bsPararnSlot� field 1303 can have ten values. In this case, three information (hereinafter named c1, c2 and c3, respectively) for the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 are needed. Since 4 bits are needed to represent each of the c1, c2 and c3, total 12 (=4*3) bits are needed. In case of representing the c1, c2 and c3 as a group by binding them together, 1,000 (=10*10*10) cases can occur, which can be represented as 10 bits, thus saving 2 bits. If the �numSlots� is 3 and if the value read as 5 bits is 31, the value can be represented as 31=1�(3^2)+5*(3^1)+7*(3^0). A decoder apparatus can determine that the c1, c2 and c3 are 1, 5 and 7, respectively, by applying the inverse of Formula 9.
FIG. 13B illustrates a syntax for representing position information of a time slot to which a parameter set is applied as an absolute value and a difference value according to one embodiment of the present invention. If a spatial frame is a variable frame type, the �bsParamSlot� field 1303 in FIG. 13A can be represented as an absolute value and a difference value using a fact that �bsParamSlot� information increases monotonously.
For instance: (i) a position of a time slot to which a first parameter set is applied can be generated into an absolute value, i.e., �bsParamSlot[0]�; and (ii) a position of a time slot to which a second or higher parameter set is applied can be generated as a difference value, i.e., �difference value� between �bsParamSlot[ps]� and �bsParamslot[ps−1]� or �difference value−1� (hereinafter named �bsDiffParamSlot[ps]�). In this case, �ps� means a parameter set.
The �bsParamSlot[0]� field 1304 can be represented by a number of bits (hereinafter named �nBitsParamSlot(0)�) calculated using the �numSlots� and the �numParainSets�.
The �bsDiffParamSlot[ps]� field 1305 can be represented by a number of bits (hereinafter named �nBitParamSlot(ps)�) calculated using the �numSlots�, the �numParamSets� and a position of a time slot to which a previous parameter set is applied, i.e., �bsParamSlot[ps−1]�.
In particular, to represent �bsParamSlot[ps]� by a minimum number of bits, a number of bits to represent the �bsParamSlot[ps]� can be decided based on the following rules: (i) a plurality of the �bsParamSlot[ps]� increase in an ascending series (bsParamSlot[ps]>bsParamSlot[ps−1]); (ii) a maximum value of the �bsParamSlot[0]� is �numSlots−NumParamSets�; and (iii) in case of 0<ps<numParamSets, �bsParamSlot[ps]� can have a value between �bsParamSlot[ps−1 ]+1� and �numSlots−numParamSets+ps� only.
For example, if the �numSlots� is 10 and if the �numParamSets� is 3, since the �bsParamSlot[ps]� increases in an ascending series, a maximum value of the �bsParamSlot[0]� becomes �10−3=7�. Namely, the �bsParamSlot[0]� should be selected from values of 1 to 7. This is because a number of time slots for the rest of parameter sets (e.g., if ps is 1 or 2) is insufficient if the �bsParamSlot[0]� has a value greater than 7.
If �bsParamSlot[0]� is 5, a time slot position bsParamSlot[1] for a second parameter set should be selected from values between �5+1=6� and �10−3+1=8�.
If �bsParamSlot[1]� is 7, �bsParamSlot[2]� can become 8 or 9. If �bsParamSlot[1]� is 8, �bsParamSlot[2]� can become 9.
Hence, the �bsParamSlot[ps]� can be represented as a variable bit number using the above features instead of being represented as fixed bits.
In configuring the �bsParamSlot[ps]� in a bitstream, if the �ps� is 0, the �bsParamSlot[0]� can be represented as an absolute value by a number of bits corresponding to �nBitsParamSlot(0)�. If the �ps� is greater than 0, the �bsParamSlot[ps]� can be represented as a difference value by a number of bits corresponding to �nBitsParamSlot(ps)�. In reading the above-configured �bsParamSlot[ps]� from a bitstream, a length of a bitstream for each data, i.e., �nBitsParamSlot[ps]� can be found using Formula 10.
f b ⁡ ( x ) = { 0 ⁢ ⁢ bit , if ⁢ ⁢ x = 1 , 1 ⁢ ⁢ bit , if ⁢ ⁢ x = 2 , 2 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 3 ≤ x ≤ 4 , 3 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 5 ≤ x ≤ 8 , 4 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 9 ≤ x ≤ 16 , 5 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 17 ≤ x ≤ 32 , 6 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 33 ≤ x ≤ 64 , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 10 ] In particular, the �nBitsParamSlot[ps]� can be found as nBitsParamSlot[0]=fb(numSlots−numParamSets+1). If 0<ps<numParamSets, the �nBitsParamSlot[ps]� can be found as nBitsParamSlot[ps]=fb(numSlots−numParamSets+ps−bsParamnSlot[ps−1]). The �nBitsParamSlot[ps]� can be determined using Formula 11, which extends Formula 10 up to 7 bits.
f b ⁡ ( x ) = { 0 ⁢ ⁢ bit , if ⁢ ⁢ x = 1 , 1 ⁢ ⁢ bit , if ⁢ ⁢ x = 2 , 2 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 3 ≤ x ≤ 4 , 3 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 5 ≤ x ≤ 8 , 4 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 9 ≤ x ≤ 16 , 5 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 17 ≤ x ≤ 32 , 6 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 33 ≤ x ≤ 64 , 7 ⁢ ⁢ bits , if ⁢ ⁢ 65 ≤ x ≤ 128 , [ Formula ⁢ ⁢ 11 ] An example of the function fb(x) is explained as follows. If �numSlots� is 15 and if �numParamSets� is 3, the function can be evaluated as nBitsParamSlot[0]=fb(15−3+1)=4bits.
If the �bsParamSlot[0]� represented by 4 bits is 7, the function can be evaluated as nBitsParamSlot[1]=fb(15−3+1−7)=3bits. In this case, �bsDiffParamSlot[1]� field 1305 can be represented by 3 bits.
If the value represented by the 3 bits is 3, �bsParamSlot[1]� becomes 7+3=10. Hence, it becomes nBitsParamSlot[2]=fb(15−3+2−10)=2bits. In this case, �bsDiffParamSlot[2]� field 1305 can be represented by 2 bits. If the number of remaining time slots is equal to a number of a remaining parameter sets, 0 bits may be allocated to the �bsDiffParamSlot[ps]� field. In other words, no additional information is needed to represent the position of the time slot to which the parameter set is applied.
Thus, a number of bits for �bsParamSlot[ps]� can be variably decided. The number of bits for �bsParamSlot[ps]� can be read from a bitstream using the function fb(x) in a decoder. In some embodiments, the function fb(x) can include the function ceil(log2(x)).
In reading information for �bsParamSlot[ps]� represented as the absolute value and the difference value from a bitstream in a decoder, first the �bsParamSlot[0]� may be read from the bitstream and then the. �bsDiffParamSlot[ps]� may be read for 0<ps<numnParamSets. The �bsParamSlot[ps]� can then be found for an interval 0≦ps<nunParamSets using the �bsParamSlot[0]� and the �bsDiffParamSlot[ps]�. For example, as shown in FIG. 13B, a �bsParamSlot[ps]� can be found by adding a �bsParamSlot[ps−1]� to a �bsDiffParamSlot[ps]+1�.
FIG. 13C illustrates a syntax for representing position information of a time slot to which a parameter set is applied as a group according to one embodiment of the present invention. In case that a plurality of parameter sets exist, a plurality of �bsParamSlots� 1307 for a plurality of the parameter sets can be represented as at least one or more groups.
If a number of the �bsParamSlots� 1307 is (kN+L) and if Q bits are needed to represent each of the �bsParamSlots� 1307, the �bsParamSlots� 1307 can be represented as a following group. In this case, �k� and �N� are arbitrary integers not zero and �L� is an arbitrary integer meeting 0≦L<N.
A grouping method can include the steps of generating k groups by binding N �bsParamSlots� 1307 each and generating a last group by binding last L �bsParamSlots� 1307. The k groups can be represented by M bits and the last group can be represented by p bits. In this case, the M bits are preferably less than N*Q bits used in the case of representing each of the �bsParamSlots� 1307 without grouping them. The p bits are preferably equal to or less than L*Q bits used in the case of representing each of the �bsParamSlots� 1307 without grouping them.
For example, assume that a pair of �bsParamSlots� 1307 for two parameter sets are d1 and d2, respectively. If each of the d1 and d2 is able to have five values, 3 bits are needed to represent each of the d1 and d2. In this case, even if the 3 bits are able to represent eight values, five values are substantially needed. So, each of the d1 and d2 has three redundancies. Yet, in case of representing the d1 and d2 as a group by binding the d1 and d2 together, 5 bits are used instead of using 6 bits (=3 bits+3 bits). In particular, since all combinations of the d1 and d2 include 25(=5*5) types, a group of the d1 and d2 can be represented as 5 bits only. Since the 5 bits are able to represent 32 values, seven redundancies are generated in case of the grouping representation. Yet, in case of a representation by grouping the d1 and d2, redundancy is smaller than that of a case of representing each of the d1 and d2 as 3 bits.
In configuring the group, data for the group can be configured using �bsParamSlot[0]� for an initial value and a difference value between pairs of the �bsParamSlot[ps]� for a second or higher value.
If the OTT box does not have the LFE channel mode, �numBands� is used as a number of the parameters applied to the OTT box.
The architecture 1600 includes one or more processors 1602 (e.g., PowerPC�, Intel Pentium� 4, etc.), one or more display devices 1604 (e.g., CRT, LCD), an audio subsystem 1606 (e.g., audio hardware/software), one or more network interfaces 1608 (e.g., Ethernet, FireWire�, USB, etc.), input devices 1610 (e.g., keyboard, mouse, etc.), and one or more computer-readable mediums 1612 (e.g., RAM, ROM, SDRAM, hard disk, optical disk, flash memory, etc.). These components can exchange communications and data via one or more buses 1614 (e.g., EISA, PCI, PCI Express, etc.).
The term �computer-readable medium� refers to any medium that participates in providing instructions to a processor 1602 for execution, including without limitation, non-volatile media (e.g., optical or magnetic disks), volatile media (e.g., memory) and transmission media. Transmission media includes, without limitation, coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics. Transmission media can also-take the form of acoustic, light or radio frequency waves.
The computer-readable medium 1612 further includes an operating system 1616 (e.g., Mac OS�, Windows�, Linux, etc.), a network communication module 1618, an audio codec 1620 and one or more applications 1622.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4621862Oct 22, 1984Nov 11, 1986The Coca-Cola CompanyClosing means for trucksUS4661862Apr 27, 1984Apr 28, 1987Rca CorporationDifferential PCM video transmission system employing horizontally offset five pixel groups and delta signals having plural non-linear encoding functionsUS4725885Dec 22, 1986Feb 16, 1988International Business Machines CorporationDifferential pulse code modulation data compression systemUS4907081Apr 22, 1988Mar 6, 1990Hitachi, Ltd.Compression and coding device for video signalsUS5243686Apr 20, 1992Sep 7, 1993Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd.Multi-stage linear predictive analysis method for feature extraction from acoustic signalsUS5481643Apr 24, 1995Jan 2, 1996U.S. Philips CorporationTransmitter, receiver and record carrier for transmitting/receiving at least a first and a second signal componentUS5515296Jun 29, 1994May 7, 1996Intel CorporationComputer-implemented processUS5528628Jan 31, 1995Jun 18, 1996Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Apparatus for variable-length coding and variable-length-decoding using a plurality of Huffman coding tablesUS5530750Feb 18, 1994Jun 25, 1996Sony CorporationApparatus, method, and system for compressing a digital input signal in more than one compression modeUS5563661Mar 28, 1994Oct 8, 1996Canon Kabushiki KaishaImage processing apparatusUS5579430Jan 26, 1995Nov 26, 1996Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.Digital encoding processUS5606618Dec 27, 1993Feb 25, 1997U.S. Philips CorporationSubband coded digital transmission system using some composite signalsUS5621856Jun 5, 1995Apr 15, 1997Sony CorporationDigital encoder with dynamic quantization bit allocationUS5640159May 6, 1996Jun 17, 1997International Business Machines CorporationQuantization method for image data compression employing context modeling algorithmUS5682461Mar 17, 1993Oct 28, 1997Institut Fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbhMethod of transmitting or storing digitalized, multi-channel audio signalsUS5687157Jul 18, 1995Nov 11, 1997Sony CorporationMethod of recording and reproducing digital audio signal and apparatus thereofUS5890125Jul 16, 1997Mar 30, 1999Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationMethod and apparatus for encoding and decoding multiple audio channels at low bit rates using adaptive selection of encoding methodUS5912636Sep 26, 1996Jun 15, 1999Ricoh Company, Ltd.Encoder for encoding data inputsUS5945930Oct 27, 1995Aug 31, 1999Canon Kabushiki KaishaData processing apparatusUS5966688Oct 28, 1997Oct 12, 1999Hughes Electronics CorporationSpeech mode based multi-stage vector quantizerUS5974380Dec 16, 1997Oct 26, 1999Digital Theater Systems, Inc.Multi-channel audio decoderUS6021386Mar 9, 1999Feb 1, 2000Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationCoding method and apparatus for multiple channels of audio information representing three-dimensional sound fieldsUS6125398Apr 24, 1997Sep 26, 2000Intel CorporationCommunications subsystem for computer-based conferencing system using both ISDN B channels for transmissionUS6134518Mar 4, 1998Oct 17, 2000International Business Machines CorporationDigital audio signal coding using a CELP coder and a transform coderUS6148283Sep 23, 1998Nov 14, 2000Qualcomm Inc.Method and apparatus using multi-path multi-stage vector quantizerUS6208276Mar 11, 1999Mar 27, 2001At&T CorporationMethod and apparatus for sample rate pre- and post-processing to achieve maximal coding gain for transform-based audio encoding and decodingUS6295319Mar 29, 1999Sep 25, 2001Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Decoding deviceUS6309424Nov 3, 2000Oct 30, 2001Realtime Data LlcContent independent data compression method and systemUS6339760Apr 27, 1999Jan 15, 2002Hitachi, Ltd.Method and system for synchronization of decoded audio and video by adding dummy data to compressed audio dataUS6384759Feb 2, 2001May 7, 2002At&T Corp.Method and apparatus for sample rate pre-and post-processing to achieve maximal coding gain for transform-based audio encoding and decodingUS6399760Aug 29, 1996Jun 4, 2002Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.A nucleic acid encoding an amino acid sequence; diagnosis and therapy retinitis pigmentosa, night blindnessUS6421467Sep 27, 1999Jul 16, 2002Texas Tech UniversityAdaptive vector quantization/quantizerUS6442110Aug 30, 1999Aug 27, 2002Sony CorporationBeam irradiation apparatus, optical apparatus having beam irradiation apparatus for information recording medium, method for manufacturing original disk for information recording medium, and method for manufacturing information recording mediumUS6453120Jun 19, 1996Sep 17, 2002Canon Kabushiki KaishaImage processing apparatus with recording and reproducing modes for hierarchies of hierarchically encoded videoUS6456966Jun 21, 2000Sep 24, 2002Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Apparatus and method for decoding audio signal coding in a DSR system having memoryUS6556685Nov 6, 1998Apr 29, 2003Harman Music GroupCompanding noise reduction system with simultaneous encode and decodeUS6560404 *Oct 20, 2000May 6, 2003Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Reproduction apparatus and method including prohibiting certain images from being output for reproductionUS6611212Apr 7, 2000Aug 26, 2003Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp.Matrix improvements to lossless encoding and decodingUS6631352Jan 3, 2000Oct 7, 2003Matushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd.Decoding circuit and reproduction apparatus which mutes audio after header parameter changesUS6636830Nov 22, 2000Oct 21, 2003Vialta Inc.System and method for noise reduction using bi-orthogonal modified discrete cosine transformUS7283965Jun 30, 1999Oct 16, 2007The Directv Group, Inc.Delivery and transmission of dolby digital AC-3 over television broadcastUS7376555Nov 13, 2002May 20, 2008Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Encoding and decoding of overlapping audio signal values by differential encoding/decodingUS7394903 *Jan 20, 2004Jul 1, 2008Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.Apparatus and method for constructing a multi-channel output signal or for generating a downmix signalUS7519538Oct 28, 2004Apr 14, 2009Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Audio signal encoding or decodingUS20010055302 *Aug 8, 2001Dec 27, 2001Taylor Clement G.Method and apparatus for processing variable bit rate information in an information distribution systemUS20020049586Sep 11, 2001Apr 25, 2002Kousuke NishioAudio encoder, audio decoder, and broadcasting systemUS20020106019Jan 12, 2001Aug 8, 2002Microsoft CorporationMethod and apparatus for implementing motion detection in video compressionUS20030009325Jan 22, 1999Jan 9, 2003Raif KirchherrMethod for signal controlled switching between different audio coding schemesUS20030016876Aug 19, 1999Jan 23, 2003Bing-Bing ChaiApparatus and method for data partitioning to improving error resilienceUS20030138157Jan 8, 2003Jul 24, 2003Schwartz Edward L.Reversible embedded wavelet system implementaionUS20030195742Apr 9, 2003Oct 16, 2003Mineo TsushimaEncoding device and decoding deviceUS20030236583Sep 18, 2002Dec 25, 2003Frank BaumgarteHybrid multi-channel/cue coding/decoding of audio signalsUS20040049379Aug 15, 2003Mar 11, 2004Microsoft CorporationMulti-channel audio encoding and decodingUS20040057523Sep 22, 2003Mar 25, 2004Shinichiro KotoVideo encoding method and apparatus and video decoding method and apparatusUS20040138895Dec 23, 2003Jul 15, 2004Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Decoding of an encoded wideband digital audio signal in a transmission system for transmitting and receiving such signalUS20040186735 *Aug 13, 2002Sep 23, 2004Ferris Gavin RobertEncoder programmed to add a data payload to a compressed digital audio frameUS20040199276 *Apr 3, 2003Oct 7, 2004Wai-Leong PoonMethod and apparatus for audio synchronizationUS20040247035Oct 11, 2002Dec 9, 2004Schroder Ernst F.Method and apparatus for decoding a coded digital audio signal which is arranged in frames containing headersUS20050058304Sep 8, 2004Mar 17, 2005Frank BaumgarteCue-based audio coding/decodingUS20050074127Oct 2, 2003Apr 7, 2005Jurgen HerreCompatible multi-channel coding/decodingUS20050074135Sep 8, 2004Apr 7, 2005Masanori KushibeAudio device and audio processing methodUS20050091051Mar 10, 2003Apr 28, 2005Nippon Telegraph And Telephone CorporationDigital signal encoding method, decoding method, encoding device, decoding device, digital signal encoding program, and decoding programUS20050114126Oct 15, 2004May 26, 2005Ralf GeigerApparatus and method for coding a time-discrete audio signal and apparatus and method for decoding coded audio dataUS20050137729Dec 18, 2003Jun 23, 2005Atsuhiro SakuraiTime-scale modification stereo audio signalsUS20050157883Jan 20, 2004Jul 21, 2005Jurgen HerreApparatus and method for constructing a multi-channel output signal or for generating a downmix signalUS20050174269Jun 29, 2004Aug 11, 2005Broadcom CorporationHuffman decoder used for decoding both advanced audio coding (AAC) and MP3 audioUS20050216262Aug 4, 2004Sep 29, 2005Digital Theater Systems, Inc.Lossless multi-channel audio codecUS20060023577Jun 24, 2005Feb 2, 2006Masataka ShinodaOptical recording and reproduction method, optical pickup device, optical recording and reproduction device, optical recording medium and method of manufacture the same, as well as semiconductor laser deviceUS20060085200 *Dec 7, 2004Apr 20, 2006Eric AllamancheDiffuse sound shaping for BCC schemes and the likeUS20060190247 *Mar 14, 2005Aug 24, 2006Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.Near-transparent or transparent multi-channel encoder/decoder schemeUS20070038439Apr 14, 2004Feb 15, 2007Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Groenewoudseweg 1Audio signal generationUS20070150267Dec 20, 2006Jun 28, 2007Hiroyuki HonmaSignal encoding device and signal encoding method, signal decoding device and signal decoding method, program, and recording mediumUS20090185751Apr 22, 2004Jul 23, 2009Daiki KudoImage encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatusCN1655651AFeb 7, 2005Aug 17, 2005艾格瑞系统有限公司Late reverberation-based auditory scenesDE69712383T2Feb 5, 1997Jan 23, 2003Matsushita Electric Ind Co LtdDekodierungsvorrichtungEP0372601A1Nov 8, 1989Jun 13, 1990Philips Electronics N.V.Coder for incorporating extra information in a digital audio signal having a predetermined format, decoder for extracting such extra information from a digital signal, device for recording a digital signal on a record carrier, comprising such a coder, and record carrier obtained by means of such a deviceEP0599825A2May 29, 1990Jun 1, 1994Philips Electronics N.V.Digital transmission system for transmitting an additional signal such as a surround signalEP0610975A2Jan 29, 1990Aug 17, 1994Dolby Laboratories Licensing CorporationCoded signal formatting for encoder and decoder of high-quality audioEP0827312A2Aug 7, 1997Mar 4, 1998Robert Bosch GmbhMethod for changing the configuration of data packetsEP0943143A1Sep 14, 1998Sep 22, 1999Philips Electronics N.V.Optical scanning unit having a main lens and an auxiliary lensEP0948141A2Mar 26, 1999Oct 6, 1999Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Decoding device for multichannel audio bitstreamEP0957639A2May 11, 1999Nov 17, 1999Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Digital audio signal decoding apparatus, decoding method and a recording medium storing the decoding stepsEP1001549A2Nov 4, 1999May 17, 2000Victor Company of Japan, Ltd.Audio signal processing apparatusEP1047198A2Apr 19, 2000Oct 25, 2000Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Encoder with optimally selected codebookEP1376538A1Jun 24, 2003Jan 2, 2004Agere Systems Inc.Hybrid multi-channel/cue coding/decoding of audio signalsEP1396843A1Sep 3, 2003Mar 10, 2004Microsoft CorporationMixed lossless audio compressionEP1869774A1Feb 13, 2006Dec 26, 2007Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur F�rderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.Adaptive grouping of parameters for enhanced coding efficiencyEP1905005A1Jun 26, 2006Apr 2, 2008Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Method and apparatus to encode/decode low bit-rate audio signalGB2238445A Title not availableGB2340351A Title not availableJP2001053617A Title not availableJP2001188578A Title not availableJP2002328699A Title not availableJP2002335230A Title not availableJP2003005797A Title not availableJP2003233395A Title not availableJP2004170610A Title not availableJP2004220743A Title not availableJP2005063655A Title not availableJP2005332449A Title not availableJP2006120247A Title not availableJPH09275544A Title not availableJPH11205153A Title not availableJPS6096079A Title not availableJPS6294090A Title not availableKR970014387A Title not available* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1"Text of second working draft for MPEG Surround", ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, No. N7387, No. N7387, Jul. 29, 2005, 140 pages.2Bessette B, et al.: Universal Speech/Audio Coding Using Hybrid ACELP/TCX Techniques, 2005, 4 pages.3Boltze Th. Et al.; "Audio services and applications." In: Digital Audio Broadcasting. Edited by Hoeg, W. and Lauferback, Th. ISBN 0-470-85013-2. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2003. pp. 75-83.4Bosi, M., et al. "ISO/IEC MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 45.10 (Oct. 1, 1997): 789-812. XP000730161.5Breebaart, J., AES Convention Paper �MPEG Spatial audio coding/MPEG surround: Overview and Current Status�, 119th Convention, Oct. 7-10, 2005, New York, New York, 17 pages.6Breebaart, J., AES Convention Paper 'MPEG Spatial audio coding/MPEG surround: Overview and Current Status', 119th Convention, Oct. 7-10, 2005, New York, New York, 17 pages.7Chou, J. et al.: Audio Data Hiding with Application to Surround Sound, 2003, 4 pages.8Deputy Chief of the Electrical and Radio Engineering Department Makhotna, S.V., Russian Decision on Grant Patent for Russian Patent Application No. 2008112226 dated Jun. 5, 2009, and its translation, 15 pages.9Ehrer, A., et al. "Audio Coding Technology of ExAC." Proceedings Of 2004 International Symposium On Hong Kong, China Oct. 20, 2004, Piscataway, New Jersey. IEEE, 290-293. XP010801441.10European Search Report & Written Opinion for Application No. EP 06799107.5, dated Aug. 24, 2009, 6 pages.11European Search Report & Written Opinion for Application No. EP 06799108.3, dated Aug. 24, 2009, 7 pages.12European Search Report & Written Opinion for Application No. EP 06799111.7 dated Jul. 10, 2009, 12 pages.13European Search Report & Written Opinion for Application No. EP 06799113.3, dated Jul. 20, 2009, 10 pages.14Extended European search report for European Patent Application No. 06799105.9 dated Apr. 28, 2009, 11 pages.15Faller C., et al.: Binaural Cue Coding-Part II: Schemes and Applications, 2003, 12 pages, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 11, No. 6.16Faller C., et al.: Binaural Cue Coding�Part II: Schemes and Applications, 2003, 12 pages, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 11, No. 6.17Faller C.: Parametric Coding of Spatial Audio. Doctoral thesis No. 3062, 2004, 6 pages.18Faller, C: "Coding of Spatial Audio Compatible with Different Playback Formats", Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper, 2004, 12 pages, San Francisco, CA.19Faller, Christof, "Parametric Coding of Spatial Audio", Proceedings of the 7th Int. Conferences on Digital Audio Efffects (DAFx'04), Naples, Italy, Oct. 5-8, 2004, 6 pages.20Hamdy K.N., et al.: Low Bit Rate High Quality Audio Coding with Combined Harmonic and Wavelet Representations, 1996, 4 pages.21Heping, D.,: Wideband Audio Over Narrowband Low-Resolution Media, 2004, 4 pages.22Herre, J. et al., "Overview of MPEG-4 audio and its applications in mobile communication", Communication Technology Proceedings, 2000. WCC-ICCT 2000. International Confrence on Beijing, China held Aug. 21-25, 2000, Piscataway, NJ, USA, IEEE, US, vol. 1 (Aug. 21, 2008), pp. 604-613.23Herre, J. et al., "Overview of MPEG-4 audio and its applications in mobile communication", Communication Technology Proceedings, 2000. WCC�ICCT 2000. International Confrence on Beijing, China held Aug. 21-25, 2000, Piscataway, NJ, USA, IEEE, US, vol. 1 (Aug. 21, 2008), pp. 604-613.24Herre, J. et al.: MP3 Surround: Efficient and Compatible Coding of Multi-channel Audio, 2004, 14 pages.25Herre, J. et al: The Reference Model Architecture for MPEG Spatial Audio Coding, 2005, 13 pages, Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper.26Herre, J., et al., "The reference model architecture for MPEG spatial audio coding", Convention Paper 6447, Audio Engineering Society (AES) 118th Convention, Barcelona, Spain, May 28-31, 2005, 13 pages.27Hosoi S., et al.: Audio Coding Using the Best Level Wavelet Packet Transform and Auditory Masking, 1998, 4 pages.28International Preliminary Report on Patentability for Application No. PCT/KR2006/004332, dated Jan. 25, 2007, 3 pages.29International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002018 dated Oct. 16, 2006, 1 page.30International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002019 dated Oct. 16, 2006, 1 page.31International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002020 dated Oct. 16, 2006, 2 pages.32International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002021 dated Oct. 16, 2006, 1 page.33International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002575, dated Jan. 12, 2007, 2 pages.34International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002578, dated Jan. 12, 2007, 2 pages.35International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002579, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 1 page.36International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002581, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 2 pages.37International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/002583, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 2 pages.38International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/003420, dated Jan. 18, 2007, 2 pages.39International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/003424, dated Jan. 31, 2007, 2 pages.40International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/003426, dated Jan. 18, 2007, 2 pages.41International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/003435, dated Dec. 13, 2006, 1 page.42International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/003975, dated Mar. 13, 2007, 2 pages.43International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004014, dated Jan. 24, 2007, 1 page.44International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004017, dated Jan. 24, 2007, 1 page.45International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004020, dated Jan. 24, 2007, 1 page.46International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004024, dated Jan. 29, 2007, 1 page.47International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004025, dated Jan. 29, 2007, 1 page.48International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004027, dated Jan. 29, 2007, 1 page.49International Search Report corresponding to International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004032, dated Jan. 24, 2007, 1 page.50International Search Report in corresponding International Application No. PCT/KR2006/004023, dated Jan. 23, 2007, 1 page.51ISO/IEC 13818-2, Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio, Nov. 1993, Seoul, Korea.52ISO/IEC 14496-3 Information Technology-Coding of Audio-Visual Objects-Part 3: Audio, Second Edition (ISO/IEC), 2001.53ISO/IEC 14496-3 Information Technology�Coding of Audio-Visual Objects�Part 3: Audio, Second Edition (ISO/IEC), 2001.54Jibra A., et al.: Multi-layer Scalable LPC Audio Format; ISACS 2000, 4 pages, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.55Jin C, et al.: Individualization in Spatial-Audio Coding, 2003, 4 pages, IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics.56Korean Intellectual Property Office Notice of Allowance for No. 10-2008-7005993, dated Jan. 13, 2009, 3 pages.57Kostantinides K: An introduction to Super Audio CD and DVD-Audio, 2003, 12 pages, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.58Liebchem, T.; Reznik, Y.A.: MPEG-4: an Emerging Standard for Lossless Audio Coding, 2004, 10 pages, Proceedings of the Data Compression Conference.59Ming, L.: A novel random access approach for MPEG-1 multicast applications, 2001, 5 pages.60Moon, Han-gil, et al.: A Multi-Channel Audio Compression Method with Virtual Source Location Information for MPEG-4 SAC, IEEE 2005, 7 pages.61Moriya T., et al.,: A Design of Lossless Compression for High-Quality Audio Signals, 2004, 4 pages.62Notice of Allowance dated Apr. 13, 2009 issued in Taiwan Application No. 095136566.63Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 25, 2008 by the Korean Patent Office for counterpart Korean Appln. Nos. 2008-7005851, 7005852; and 7005858.64Notice of Allowance dated Dec. 26, 2008 by the Korean Patent Office for counterpart Korean Appln. Nos. 2008-7005836, 7005838, 7005839, and 7005840.65Notice of Allowance dated Jan. 13, 2009 by the Korean Patent Office for a counterpart Korean Appln. No. 2008-7005992.66Notice of Allowance dated Sep. 25, 2009 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/540,920.67Notice of Allowance issued in corresponding Korean Application Serial No. 2008-7007453, dated Feb. 27, 2009 (no English translation available).68Office Action dated Jul. 14, 2009 issued in Taiwan Application No. 095136561.69Office Action dated Jul. 21, 2008 issued by the Taiwan Patent Office, 16 pages.70Oh, E. et al.: Proposed changes in MPEG-4 BSAC multi channel audio coding, 2004, 7 pages, International Organisation for Standardisation.71Oh, H-O et al., "Proposed core experiment on pilot-based coding of spatial parameters for MPEG surround", ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, No. M12549, Oct. 13, 2005, 18 pages XP030041219.72Pang, H., et al., "Extended Pilot-Based Codling for Lossless Bit Rate Reduction of MPEG Surround", ETRI Journal, vol. 29, No. 1, Feb. 2007.73Pang, H-S, "Clipping Prevention Scheme for MPEG Surround", ETRI Journal, vol. 30, No. 4 (Aug. 1, 2008), pp. 606-608.74Puri, A., et al.: MPEG-4: An object-based multimedia coding standard supporting mobile applications, 1998, 28 pages, Baltzer Science Publishers BV.75Quackenbush, S. R. et al., "Noiseless coding of quantized spectral components in MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding", Application of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics, 1997. 1997 IEEE ASSP Workshop on New Paltz, NY, US held on Oct. 19-22, 1997, New York, NY, US, IEEE, US, (Oct. 19, 1997), 4 pages.76Russian Decision on Grant Patent for Russian Patent Application No. 2008103314 dated Apr. 27, 2009, and its translation, 11 pages.77Russian Notice of Allowance for Application No. 2008112174, dated Sep. 11, 2009, 13 pages.78Said, A.: On the Reduction of Entropy Coding Complexity via Symbol Grouping: I-Redundancy Analysis and Optimal Alphabet Partition, 2004, 42 pages, Hewlett-Packard Company.79Said, A.: On the Reduction of Entropy Coding Complexity via Symbol Grouping: I�Redundancy Analysis and Optimal Alphabet Partition, 2004, 42 pages, Hewlett-Packard Company.80Schroeder E F et al: Der MPEG-2Standard: Generische Codierung fur Bewegtbilder und zugehorige Audio-Information, 1994, 5 pages.81Schuijers, E. et al: Low Complexity Parametric Stereo Coding, 2004, 6 pages, Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper 6073.82Schuller, Gerald D.T., et al. "Perceptual Audio Coding Using Adaptive Pre- and Post-Filters and Lossless Compression." IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing New York, 10.6 (Sep. 1, 2002): 379. XP011079662.83Stoll, G.: MPEG Audio Layer II: A Generic Coding Standard for Two and Multichannel Sound for DVB, DAB and Computer Multimedia, 1995, 9 pages, International Broadcasting Convention, XP006528918.84Supplementary European Search Report corresponding to Application No. EP06747465, dated Oct. 10, 2008, 8 pages.85Supplementary European Search Report corresponding to Application No. EP06747467, dated Oct. 10, 2008, 8 pages.86Supplementary European Search Report corresponding to Application No. EP06757755, dated Aug. 1, 2008, 1 page.87Supplementary European Search Report corresponding to Application No. EP06843795, dated Aug. 7, 2008, 1 page.88Supplementary European Search Report for European Patent Application No. 06757751 dated Jun. 8, 2009, 5 pages.89Supplementary European Search Report for European Patent Application No. 06799058 dated Jun. 16, 2009, 6 pages.90Taiwanese Notice of Allowance for Application No. 95124070, dated Sep. 18, 2008, 7 pages.91Taiwanese Notice of Allowance for Application No. 95124112, dated Jul. 20, 2009, 5 pages.92Taiwanese Office Action for Application No. 095124113, dated Jul. 21, 2008, 13 pages.93Ten Kate W. R. Th., et al.: A New Surround-Stereo-Surround Coding Technique, 1992, 8 pages, J. Audio Engineering Society, XP002498277.94Tewfik, A.H., et al. "Enhance wavelet based audio coder." IEEE. (1993): 896-900. XP010096271.95U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Final Office Action of U.S. Appl. No. 11/513,896 dated Dec. 30, 2009, 19 pages.96USPTO Non-Final Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 11/540,920, mailed Jun. 2, 2009, 8 pages.97USPTO Non-Final Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/088,868, mailed Apr. 1, 2009, 11 pages.98USPTO Non-Final Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/088,872, mailed Apr. 7, 2009, 9 pages.99USPTO Non-Final Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/089,093, mailed Jun. 16, 2009, 10 pages.100USPTO Non-Final Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/089,105, mailed Apr. 20, 2009, 5 pages.101USPTO Non-Final Office Action in U.S. Appl. No. 12/089,383, mailed Jun. 25, 2009, 5 pages.102USPTO Notice of Allowance in U.S. Appl. No. 12/089,098, mailed Sep. 8, 2009, 19 pages.103Voros P.: High-quality Sound Coding within 2�64 kbit/s Using Instantaneous Dynamic Bit-Allocation, 1988, 4 pages.104Webb J., et al.: Video and Audio Coding for Mobile Applications, 2002, 8 pages, The Application of Programmable DSPs in Mobile Communications.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS2649240 *Oct 13, 1947Aug 18, 1953Gilbert Clyde LBlank for box productionUS7965848 *Aug 11, 2006Jun 21, 2011Dolby International AbReduced number of channels decodingUS8060374 *Jul 26, 2010Nov 15, 2011Lg Electronics Inc.Slot position coding of residual signals of spatial audio coding applicationUS8082158Oct 14, 2010Dec 20, 2011Lg Electronics Inc.Time slot position coding of multiple frame typesUS8103513Aug 20, 2010Jan 24, 2012Lg Electronics Inc.Slot position coding of syntax of spatial audio applicationUS8103514 *Oct 7, 2010Jan 24, 2012Lg Electronics Inc.Slot position coding of OTT syntax of spatial audio coding applicationUS8165889Jul 19, 2010Apr 24, 2012Lg Electronics Inc.Slot position coding of TTT syntax of spatial audio coding applicationUS20110051935 *Aug 25, 2010Mar 3, 2011Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding stereo audio* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification704/500, 704/200, 704/201, 704/501International ClassificationG10L19/00Cooperative ClassificationG10L19/008, H04S3/002, H04S1/007, H04R2499/11, G10L19/167, G10L19/00, H04S2420/03European ClassificationG10L19/00, H04S1/00D, G10L19/167, G10L19/008Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJan 9, 2014FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google