Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2010110393A/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-18 17:32:00
Document Index: 34499479

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 70', 'art 24', 'art 63', 'art 68', 'art 72', 'art 74', 'art 75']

JP2010110393A - Ophthalmic photographing apparatus - Google Patents
JP2010110393A
JP2010110393A JP2008283872A JP2008283872A JP2010110393A JP 2010110393 A JP2010110393 A JP 2010110393A JP 2008283872 A JP2008283872 A JP 2008283872A JP 2008283872 A JP2008283872 A JP 2008283872A JP 2010110393 A JP2010110393 A JP 2010110393A
JP2008283872A
JP5355994B2 (en
JP2010110393A5 (en
2008-11-05 Application filed by Nidek Co Ltd, 株式会社ニデック filed Critical Nidek Co Ltd
2008-11-05 Priority to JP2008283872A priority Critical patent/JP5355994B2/en
2010-05-20 Publication of JP2010110393A publication Critical patent/JP2010110393A/en
2011-12-22 Publication of JP2010110393A5 publication Critical patent/JP2010110393A5/ja
2013-11-27 Publication of JP5355994B2 publication Critical patent/JP5355994B2/en
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To favorably determine the quality of a three-dimensional image obtained by three-dimensionally photographing a fundus. <P>SOLUTION: An ophthalmic photographing apparatus includes an interference optical system for obtaining a tomographic image at a prescribed part of an examinee's eye, an observation optical system for obtaining a front image at the prescribed part, and a display means for displaying the tomographic image and a front surface fundus image for observation. The apparatus further includes: a positional deviation detection means for obtaining an OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) front image on the basis of photodetection signals obtained by a first photodetector disposed in the interference optical system, setting a front image for observation obtained on the basis of photodetection signals from a second photodetector disposed in the observation optical system as a reference image, comparing the OCT front image and the reference image and detecting the positional deviation of the OCT front image from the reference image by image processing; and a control means for displaying a detected result by the positional deviation detection means and the OCT front image on the screen of the display means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus for photographing a tomographic image of a predetermined part of an eye to be examined.
2. Description of the Related Art An optical tomography (OCT) using low coherent light is known as an ophthalmologic imaging apparatus that can obtain a tomographic image of a predetermined part of a subject's eye non-invasively. In such an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus, a three-dimensional image (3D image) of the eye to be examined can be acquired by two-dimensionally scanning the measurement light in a direction orthogonal to the depth direction (see Patent Document 1).
By the way, when the eye to be examined is three-dimensionally photographed by the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus as described above, there are cases in which good photographing cannot be performed due to a problem that the photographing time is relatively long and the eye to be examined moves during photographing. For this reason, in the conventional apparatus, an integrated image obtained by integrating the acquired three-dimensional image in the depth direction is displayed on the monitor together with the graphic of the three-dimensional image, and the success or failure of the three-dimensional image is confirmed.
However, in the case of an inexperienced examiner, it is difficult to determine whether or not the subject's eye has moved during the photographing of the three-dimensional image even when looking at the accumulated image or the graphic of the three-dimensional image (particularly, the subject's eye is locally ) For this reason, even if the image is actually insufficient for diagnosis and analysis, re-imaging may not be performed.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus that can suitably perform a quality of a three-dimensional image acquired by three-dimensional photographing of the fundus.
A light source that emits light of a low coherent length, scanning means for scanning measurement light emitted from the light source over a predetermined part of the eye to be examined, reference light generated by the light emitted from the light source, and predetermined light of the eye to be examined An interference optical system for obtaining a tomographic image at a predetermined part of the eye to be examined;
An illumination optical system for irradiating the predetermined part of the eye to be examined with illumination light; and a light receiving optical system for receiving reflected light from the predetermined part of the eye to be examined by a second light receiving element; An observation optical system for obtaining an image;
Display means for displaying a tomographic image acquired based on a light receiving signal output from the first light receiving element and an observation front fundus image acquired based on a light receiving signal output from the second light receiving element. In an ophthalmologic photographing apparatus comprising:
Obtaining an OCT front image based on a light reception signal obtained by the first light receiving element, and setting the front image for observation obtained from the second light receiving element based on a light reception signal as a reference image;
A displacement detection means for comparing the OCT front image and the reference image to detect a displacement of the OCT front image with respect to the reference image by image processing;
Control means for displaying a detection result by the misregistration detection means and the OCT front image on a screen of the display means.
(2) In the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus of (1),
The predetermined part of the eye to be examined includes at least one of a fundus and an anterior eye part of the eye to be examined.
(3) In the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to (2), the displacement detection unit compares the entire OCT front image acquired by the image processing unit with the reference image, and compares the entire OCT front image with respect to the reference image. While detecting the amount of displacement, the entire OCT front image is divided into a plurality of regions, and the OCT front image in each of the divided regions is compared with the reference image, so that the local position of the OCT front image with respect to the reference image It is characterized by detecting the amount of deviation.
(4) In the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to (3), the display control means displays the detection result in a format in which each divided area is associated with a positional deviation amount in each area. To do.
(5) In the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to (4), the ophthalmic imaging apparatus includes a determination processing unit that determines whether or not a positional deviation amount output from the positional deviation detection unit satisfies a predetermined allowable range.
The display control means displays the result determined by the determination processing means.
(6) In the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to (5), the interference optical system is a Fourier domain type OCT optical system, and the misregistration detection unit is based on the image control unit for acquiring the tomographic image. In a stage before Fourier analysis is performed, an OCT front image is acquired based on a light reception signal before Fourier analysis is performed, and the positional deviation amount is detected.
(7) In the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to (6), the reference image is a front image for observation acquired by the observation optical system substantially simultaneously with the photographing of the three-dimensional image, or a three-dimensional image is photographed at the same fundus site in the past. It is one of the front images for observation acquired almost simultaneously at the time.
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the quality of the three-dimensional image acquired by three-dimensional imaging | photography of the fundus can be performed suitably.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an optical system and a control system of the ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the depth direction of the eye to be examined is described as the Z direction (the optical axis L1 direction), the horizontal direction is the X direction, and the vertical direction is the Y direction.
In FIG. 1, the optical system uses an interference optical system (hereinafter referred to as an OCT optical system) 200 for non-invasively obtaining a tomographic image of the fundus of the eye to be examined using an optical interference technique, and infrared light. A scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) optical system 300 that acquires an SLO fundus image for illuminating and observing the fundus of the eye to be examined is roughly classified. The OCT optical system 200 uses a Fourier domain type OCT optical system.
Reference numeral 40 denotes a dichroic mirror as a light splitting member, which reflects measurement light (for example, around λ = 840 nm) emitted from the measurement light source 27 used in the OCT optical system 200 and emits light used in the SLO optical system 300. The laser beam emitted from the unit 61 (light having a wavelength different from that of the light source 27, for example, near λ = 780 nm) is transmitted. In this case, the dichroic mirror 40 makes the measurement optical axis L2 of the OCT optical system 200 and the measurement optical axis L1 of the SLO optical system 300 coaxial.
In the optical path for emitting the measurement light toward the eye E, the end 39b of the optical fiber 38b for emitting the measurement light, the focusing lens 24 movable in the optical axis direction according to the refractive error of the eye to be examined, and the scanning drive mechanism A scanning unit 23 composed of a combination of two galvanometer mirrors capable of scanning measurement light in the XY directions on the fundus by driving 51 and a relay lens 22 are arranged. The dichroic mirror 40 and the objective lens 10 serve as a light guide optical system that guides OCT measurement light from the OCT optical system 200 to the fundus of the eye to be examined. Note that the scanning unit 23 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the scanning direction of the measurement light to be scanned on the fundus can be arbitrarily set by arbitrarily adjusting the reflection angle of the measurement light by the two galvanometer mirrors. Yes. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a tomographic image of an arbitrary region of the fundus of the eye to be examined. Note that the end 39b of the optical fiber 38b is disposed so as to be conjugate with the fundus of the eye to be examined. Further, the two galvanometer mirrors of the scanning unit 23 are arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the eye pupil to be examined.
Then, the reference light generated as described above by the light emitted from the light source 27 and the fundus reflection light by the measurement light irradiated on the eye fundus to be examined are combined by the fiber coupler 26 to be interference light, The light is emitted from the end portion 84a through the fiber 38d. A spectroscopic optical system 800 (spectrometer unit) 800 separates interference light into frequency components in order to obtain an interference signal for each frequency, and includes a collimator lens 80, a grating mirror (diffraction grating) 81, a condensing lens 82, and a light receiving element. 83. The light receiving element 83 is a one-dimensional element (line sensor) having sensitivity in the infrared region.
Here, the interference light emitted from the end portion 84 a is collimated by the collimator lens 80, and then is split into frequency components by the grating mirror 81. Then, the interference light split into frequency components is condensed on the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 83 via the condenser lens 82. Thereby, spectrum information of interference fringes is recorded on the light receiving element 83. Then, the spectrum information is input to the control unit 70 and analyzed using Fourier transform, whereby information (A scan signal) in the depth direction of the subject's eye can be measured. Here, the control unit 70 can acquire a tomographic image by causing the scanning unit 23 to scan the measurement light on the fundus in a predetermined transverse direction. For example, a tomographic image on the XZ plane or YZ plane of the fundus of the eye to be examined can be acquired by scanning in the X direction or the Y direction. And a method for obtaining a tomographic image is referred to as a B-scan). The acquired tomographic image is stored in a memory 72 connected to the control unit 70. Furthermore, it is also possible to acquire a three-dimensional image of the fundus of the eye to be examined by two-dimensionally scanning the measurement light in the XY direction. The acquisition of the OCT image in the present embodiment is performed by two galvanometer mirrors provided in the scanning unit 23.
Next, the SLO optical system (confocal optical system) 300 disposed in the transmission direction of the dichroic mirror 40 will be described. The SLO optical system 300 is roughly divided into an illumination optical system that illuminates the fundus of the eye to be examined and a light receiving optical system that receives the fundus reflection light illuminated by the illumination optical system by a light receiving element, and receives light output from the light receiving element. A front image of the fundus of the eye to be examined is obtained based on the signal.
The light emitting unit 61 includes a first light source (SLO light source) 61a that emits light having an infrared wavelength (for example, λ = 780 nm) and a second light source that emits light having a visible wavelength (for example, λ = 630 nm). (Fixation light source) 61b, mirror 100, and dichroic mirror 101. Note that a light source (laser diode light source, SLD light source, or the like) that emits light with high luminance and high directivity is used for the first light source 61a and the second light source 61b. The infrared light emitted from the first light source 61 a passes through the dichroic mirror 101, exits the light emitting unit 61, and proceeds to the beam splitter 62. The visible light emitted from the second light source 61b is bent by the mirror 100, reflected by the dichroic mirror 101, and coaxial with the light emitted from the first light source 61a. The first light source 61a is used to obtain a frontal fundus image for observation, and the second light source 61b is used to guide the line-of-sight direction of the eye to be examined.
In the optical path for emitting the laser light emitted from the light emitting unit 61 toward the eye E to be examined, the focusing lens 63 that can move in the optical axis direction according to the refractive error of the eye to be examined, and the scanning drive mechanism 52 drive the fundus. Thus, a scanning unit 64, a relay lens 65, and an objective lens 10 that are a combination of a galvanometer mirror and a polygon mirror capable of scanning the measurement light in the XY directions at high speed are arranged. Further, the reflection surfaces of the galvanometer mirror and the polygon mirror of the scanning unit 64 are arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the eye pupil to be examined.
A beam splitter 62 is disposed between the light emitting unit 61 and the focusing lens 63. In the reflection direction of the beam splitter 62, a condensing lens 66 for constituting a confocal optical system, a confocal aperture 67 placed at a conjugate position to the fundus, and an SLO light receiving element 68 are provided. Yes.
Here, the laser light (measurement light or fixation light beam) emitted from the light emitting unit 61 passes through the beam splitter 62, and then reaches the scanning unit 64 via the focusing lens 63, and is a galvanometer mirror and polygon mirror. The reflection direction can be changed by driving. The laser light reflected by the scanning unit 64 is transmitted through the dichroic mirror 40 via the relay lens 65 and then condensed on the fundus of the eye to be examined via the objective lens 10.
Then, the laser light (measurement light) reflected by the fundus is reflected by the beam splitter 62 through the objective lens 10, the relay lens 65, the galvanometer mirror and polygon mirror of the scanning unit 64, and the focusing lens 63. Thereafter, the light is condensed by the condenser lens 66 and then detected by the light receiving element 68 through the confocal aperture 67. Then, the light reception signal detected by the light receiving element 68 is input to the control unit 70. The control unit 70 acquires a front image of the fundus of the eye to be examined based on the light reception signal obtained by the light receiving element 68. The acquired front image is stored in the memory 72. The acquisition of the SLO image is performed by vertical scanning (sub-scanning) of laser light by a galvanometer mirror provided in the scanning unit 64 and horizontal scanning (main scanning) of laser light by a polygon mirror.
The control unit 70 is connected to the display monitor 75 and controls the display image. Further, the control unit 70 moves a memory (storage unit) 72, an operation unit 74 for performing various operations, a scanning drive mechanism 51, a scanning drive mechanism 52, a reference mirror drive mechanism 50, and a focusing lens 63 in the optical axis direction. A first drive mechanism 63a for moving the focusing lens 24 and a second drive mechanism 24a for moving the focusing lens 24 in the optical axis direction are connected.
Here, the control unit 70 forms a fundus tomographic image by image processing based on the light reception signal output from the light receiving element 83, and forms a fundus front image by image processing based on the light reception signal output from the light receiving element 68. Let it form.
The memory 72 stores images acquired in the past, shooting conditions at the time of image acquisition, and the like. More specifically, the image data of the fundus tomographic image acquired in the past and the image data of the fundus front image acquired in association with the tomographic image include patient identification information (for example, an ID number, Is stored in association with (name). In addition, as information indicating an acquisition position when a past tomographic image is acquired, presentation position information of a fixation target (fixation lamp) and scanning position information of measurement light are stored together with the above-described image data. .
More specifically, the information indicating the scanning position of the measurement light includes scanning center coordinates indicating the center position of the measurement light scanned two-dimensionally on the fundus, and scanning using the scanning center coordinates as a reference position. Area information is stored. Note that the scanning region information includes the shape of the measurement light scanning pattern (eg, line, cross, circle, etc.) and the scanning range based on the scanning pattern. Note that the information indicating the scanning position of the measurement light is not limited to the above, and display position information of a scan line (described later) displayed on the monitor 75, driving information of the scanning unit 23, and the like can be considered.
Further, as the fixation target presentation position information, for example, a coordinate position indicating a past fixation target presentation position, a driving position of the scanning unit 52 when the light source 61b is turned on, and the like are stored.
Further, in the memory 72, as other imaging conditions, the position of the focusing lenses 24 and 63, the position of the reference mirror 31, the gain of the light receiving elements 68 and 83, the contrast of the image, and the like are stored in association with the patient identification information. Is done.
The operation unit 74 operated by the examiner is provided with a mouse 74a, a photographing switch 74b, a keyboard, and the like as operation members used for various operations. The mouse 74a is linked to the display on the monitor 75, and is used for setting the scanning position of the measurement light, setting the fixation target position, and the like. In the control unit 70, the storage unit 72, the operation unit 74, and the monitor 75, a dedicated member may be used as a device, or a personal computer (PC) may be used.
Next, a method of acquiring a tomographic image (B scan image) on the XZ plane by B scan will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an operation when sequentially acquiring an OCT image and an SLO image. Here, the control unit 70 alternately turns on the OCT light source 27 and the SLO light source 61a so that the irradiation light applied to the fundus of the subject's eye is obtained via the OCT optical system 200 in order to obtain the fundus image of the subject's eye. Switching between the measurement light irradiated and the laser light irradiated via the SLO optical system. Therefore, an interference signal detected by the light receiving element 83 disposed in the OCT optical system 200 and a light reception signal detected by the light receiving element 68 disposed in the SLO optical system 300 are sequentially input to the control unit 70.
Here, the control unit 70 divides the upper and lower end areas (hatched portions in FIG. 2) of the scanning area for one frame of the SLO image that hardly affect the image acquisition for the time required for the OCT image acquisition. As the region corresponding to the SLO light source 61a, the SLO light source 61a is turned off while the region is located in the region. Then, while the SLO light source 61a is OFF, the OCT light source 27 is turned ON and an OCT image is acquired by B scan. On the other hand, in the scanning area (non-hatched part in FIG. 2) set to obtain the SLO image, the control unit 70 turns on the SLO light source 61a and turns off the OCT light source 27 to acquire the SLO image. The controller 70 continuously performs such control, and displays the alternately obtained SLO images and OCT images as moving images on the display monitor 75 (see FIG. 3).
Note that when acquiring a tomographic image as described above, the control unit 70 controls turning on / off of the fixation light source 61b in synchronization with two-dimensional scanning by driving the scanning unit 64 to guide the eye of the subject's eye. . In this case, the control unit 70 turns on the fixation light source 61b when the scanning region by the scanning unit 64 reaches the region corresponding to the predetermined fixation position, and turns off the fixation light source 61b in other scanning regions. . Thereby, a fixation lamp is formed at a predetermined fixation position.
The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. Here, the control unit 70 drives and controls the OCT optical system 200 and the SLO optical system 300 to acquire each image of the OCT image and the SLO image for each frame, and controls the display of the monitor 75 to the monitor 75. The displayed OCT image and SLO image are updated as needed.
First, the examiner instructs the subject to look at a fixation lamp (not shown), and then observes the anterior ocular segment observation image captured by the anterior ocular segment observation camera (not shown) on the monitor 75. An alignment operation is performed using a joystick (not shown) so that the measurement optical axis L1 is placed at the center of the pupil. When the alignment with respect to the eye to be examined is completed in this way, a front image (SLO fundus image) of the eye fundus to be examined by the SLO optical system 300 is acquired, and the SLO fundus image appears on the monitor 75.
Here, the SLO image Gf (current front image) acquired by the SLO optical system 300 is displayed in real time in the front image display area H on the monitor 75 (see FIG. 4). Here, when an examination is performed on a revisited patient as in follow-up observation, when a predetermined switch is operated by the examiner, the control unit 70 stores data of past front images stored in the memory 72. And the information which shows the acquisition position of the past tomographic image is called.
Here, the control unit 70 sets the fixation target presentation position based on the fixation target presentation position information stored in the memory 72 in association with the recalled previous front image data. Accordingly, since the fixation target is presented at the same position as in the past examination, the front image Gf on the monitor 75 is displayed with substantially the same image as in the past examination. However, the front image may slightly deviate from the previous front image due to the subject's fixation state, alignment state, and the like. Also, when using an external fixation lamp, it is difficult to reproduce the fixation lamp position itself. The control unit 70 may further reproduce the other imaging conditions (for example, the position of the focusing lens).
Further, the control unit 70 cuts out the image K of the central area from the data of the past front image (hereinafter abbreviated as the past image) stored in the memory 72 by image processing. In this case, the image K is cut out to such a size that it can be discriminated from the current SLO image Gf, avoiding duplication with other display items (for example, indicators), misalignment confirmation using the image center, and the like. It is.
Then, the control unit 70 performs a coloring process so that the past image K that has been cut out can be distinguished from the SLO image Gf, and processes it into a translucent image having transparency. In this case, if the past image K is further inverted, the difference from the SLO image Gf becomes easier to understand. Then, the control unit 70 displays the processed past image K (see the hatched portion in FIG. 4) superimposed on the current front image Gf.
Note that the past image K displayed on the front image display area H is displayed so that the image center in the display area H and the image center in the past image K coincide with each other. Thereby, the examiner visually recognizes a deviation direction and a deviation amount between the front image acquired in the past substantially simultaneously with the tomographic image and the current front image.
Further, the control unit 70 superimposes and displays the scan line SL indicating the current scanning position and scanning pattern on the front image Gf. In the present embodiment, the control unit 70 displays the scan center display SC corresponding to the scan center coordinates at the center position of the scan line SL.
Further, the control unit 70 sets the scanning position of the measurement light corresponding to the past scanning position information stored in the memory 72 as the initial position. In this case, the scanning position is set based on the signal output from the memory 72. Then, the control unit 70 displays the scan line SL at a position corresponding to the initial position. In this case, the display position of the scan center display SC corresponds to the scan center coordinates of the past examination on the display area H. The display position of the scan line SL corresponds to the scan area of the past inspection on the display area H with reference to the past scan center coordinates.
After the initial setting, when a predetermined scanning position adjustment unit (for example, a mouse) is operated by the examiner, the control unit 70 changes the scanning position of the measurement light based on the operation signal output from the adjustment unit. The scan line SL is displayed at the display position corresponding to the changed scan position. Thereby, the display position of the scan line SL is changed according to the change of the scan position. In this case, for example, the scan line SL is moved on the screen by a drag operation of the mouse.
The correspondence relationship between the scanning position of the measurement light by the scanning unit and the display position of the scan line SL on the display area H is set in advance. Then, the control unit 70 appropriately controls the drive of the pair of galvanometer mirrors of the scanning unit 23 so that the measurement light is scanned with respect to the scanning region corresponding to the set display position of the scanning line.
Further, the control unit 70 first compares the past front image stored in the memory 72 with the current front image Gf, and the positional deviation direction and the positional deviation amount Δd1 of the current front image with respect to the past front image. Are detected (calculated) by image processing. In this case, the control unit 70 uses the front image data that is the basis of the past image K displayed on the monitor 75 as a reference image, and the positional deviation direction between the reference image and the front image (current image) acquired in real time. And the amount of displacement is calculated. Thereby, positional deviation information with respect to the past image is obtained.
As described above, various image processing methods (a method using various correlation functions, a method using Fourier transform, and a method based on feature point matching) are used as a method for detecting a positional deviation between two images. Is possible.
For example, when a predetermined reference image (for example, a past fundus image) or a target image (current fundus image) is displaced by one pixel, the reference image and the target image are compared, and the two data are most consistent (correlation is It is conceivable to detect a position shift direction and a position shift amount between the two data (when it becomes the highest). Further, a method is conceivable in which common feature points are extracted from a predetermined reference image and target image, and the positional deviation direction and the positional deviation amount of the extracted feature points are detected.
Further, a phase-only correlation function may be used as a function for obtaining a positional deviation between two images. In this case, first, each image is Fourier transformed to obtain the phase and amplitude of each frequency component. The obtained amplitude component is normalized to a magnitude of 1 for each frequency component. Next, after calculating the phase difference for each frequency between the two images, inverse Fourier transform is applied to them.
Here, if there is no position shift between the two images, only the cosine wave is added, and a peak appears at the origin position (0, 0). When there is a position shift, a peak appears at a position corresponding to the shift amount and the shift direction. Thus, by obtaining the peak detection position, the displacement amount and displacement direction between the two images can be obtained. According to this method, the positional deviation of the fundus image can be detected with high accuracy and in a short time.
When the positional deviation is detected as described above, the control unit 70 acquires the scanning position information of the past measurement light from the memory 72, and based on the positional deviation direction and the positional deviation amount Δd1 detected as described above. The scanning position information is corrected, and the target index Tg is displayed at a position (scanning target position) corresponding to the corrected scanning position information. In this case, the target index Tg is used as a target for adjusting the scanning position at substantially the same site as the tomographic image in the past examination, and is displayed superimposed on the front image Gf.
More specifically, at this time, the target index Tg (hereinafter abbreviated as “target Tg”) is displayed with the positional deviation amount Δd1 offset (corrected) with respect to the past scanning center position. As a result, the target Tg is displayed at a position corresponding to the scanning center position when the fundus site that is substantially the same as the past tomographic image is measured. In this case, the positional deviation amount Δd1 is detected at any time by the control unit 70, and the display position of the target Tg is changed according to the detected positional deviation amount Δd1. Since the initial position of the scanning center display SC corresponds to the past scanning center coordinates before correction, when the detected positional deviation amount Δd1 is almost 0, the scanning center display SC and the target Tg are displayed in agreement. The When the detected positional deviation amount Δd1> 0, the relative distance between the scanning center display SC and the target Tg is changed according to the deviation amount. In the present embodiment, a cross line J extending vertically and horizontally with respect to the target Tg is displayed, and the display position of the target Tg is easily displayed to the examiner.
Further, the control unit 70 detects the shift direction and shift amount Δd2 of the current scan center position (corresponding to the scan center display SC) with respect to the scan target position (corresponding to the target Tg), and based on the detection result, the scan target position. The information on the deviation of the current scanning position with respect to is displayed.
For example, a guide index Y (in this embodiment, an arrow index) indicating the moving direction when adjusting the scanning center position is displayed as a display for representing the deviation information of the scanning position with respect to the target position. The guide index Y is changed in the guiding direction (direction indicated by the arrow) based on the deviation direction of the current scanning center position with respect to the scanning target position. Thereby, the shift direction of the scan center display SC with respect to the target index Tg is indicated. In the case of FIG. 5A, the upper right direction is specified by the arrow of the guide index Y, and the adjustment target is shown to be upper right with respect to the current scanning center of the measurement light.
The guide indicator Y changes its display form (display operation, color) based on the deviation amount Δd2 detected as described above. In addition, the drawing color of the past image K is changed based on the deviation amount Δd2 detected as described above, and becomes a different drawing color.
When the positional deviation amount Δd2 is larger than the predetermined first allowable range (D1) (Δd2> D1), the control unit 70 displays the guide index Y in the display direction so as to indicate the deviation direction of the scanning center display SC with respect to the target index Tg. (See FIG. 5A) and the guide index Y is set to the first color (for example, red). Further, the control unit 70 sets the color of the past fundus image K as the first color (for example, red translucent). As a result, the examiner is notified that the positional deviation is large (adjustment of the scanning position is insufficient). In this case, the color of the guide index Y and the color of the fundus image K are matched with the same color.
When the positional deviation amount Δd2 becomes equal to or smaller than the predetermined first allowable range (D1) (Δd2 ≦ D1), the control unit 70 sets the target index Tg in addition to the control of the display direction of the guide index Y described above. Four arrow-shaped markers Y4 are displayed at the center. Further, the control unit 70 sets the guide index Y to the second color (for example, yellow). Further, the control unit 70 sets the color of the past fundus image to the second color (for example, yellow translucent) (see FIG. 5B). As a result, the examiner is informed that the positional deviation is small (adjustment of the scanning position is insufficient but it is close to the scanning target). Of the markers Y4, the marker Y4 displayed between the target index Tg and the scanning center display SC also serves as the guide index Y.
Furthermore, when the positional deviation amount Δd2 becomes equal to or smaller than the predetermined second allowable range (D2) (Δd2 ≦ D2), the control unit 70 fills the drawing color of the marker Y4 (see FIG. 5C). At this time, the control unit 70 sets the marker Y4 (guide index Y) to the third color (for example, green). In addition, the control unit 70 sets the color of the past fundus image to the third color (for example, green translucent). Note that D2 <D1. As a result, the examiner is notified that the positional deviation has been eliminated (that the adjustment of the scanning position is appropriate). That is, the control unit 70 determines whether or not the sequentially detected positional deviation amount Δd2 satisfies the predetermined second allowable range (D2), and displays the determination result on the monitor 75. Then, it is determined by this determination process whether or not the scanning position is properly adjusted.
In the display control, the transmittance of the past image (semi-transparent image) may be changed according to the detected shift amount Δd2. For example, the control unit 70 increases the transmittance of the past image (the color becomes lighter) as the positional deviation amount is larger, and lowers the transmittance of the past image (the color becomes darker) as the positional deviation amount is smaller.
Further, the control unit 70 detects the positional deviation amount Δd1 detected as described above separately for the positional deviation amount in the vertical direction and the positional deviation amount in the horizontal direction, and controls the display of the indicator G. Here, an indicator G1 indicating the amount of positional deviation in the horizontal direction is displayed at the lower end on the two-dimensional image observation screen. The indicator G1 is increased or decreased based on the past image and the amount of positional deviation in the left-right direction. In addition, an indicator G2 indicating the amount of positional deviation in the vertical direction is displayed on the right end on the two-dimensional image observation screen. The indicator G2 is increased or decreased based on the amount of positional deviation in the vertical direction. Further, the colors of the indicators G1 and G2 are changed based on the positional deviation amount d2 detected as described above. In the present embodiment, the colors of the indicators G1 and G2 are changed in synchronization with the change in the color of the guide index Y (past image K).
Next, a case where the examiner sets the measurement position on the monitor 75 will be described. Here, when it is desired to perform imaging at the same position in the past, the examiner performs an operation so that the predetermined scanning target position matches the current scanning position center.
When the fixation target position adjusting unit (for example, a mouse) is operated by the examiner, the acquisition position of the front image is changed by changing the fixation direction of the eye to be examined, and the current front image is moved on the screen. At this time, since the amount of positional deviation between the past image and the current front image is changed, the target Tg is moved with respect to the scanning center display SC. Here, the examiner adjusts the fixation position so that the scanning center display SC matches the target Tg.
When a predetermined scanning position adjustment unit (for example, a mouse) is operated by the examiner, the control unit 70 moves the scan line SL with respect to the target Tg. Here, the examiner moves the scan line SL so that the scan center display SC matches the target Tg.
The positional relationship between the scanning center SC and the target Tg is adjusted by adjusting the scanning position or the fixation position, and the monitor 75 displays that the adjustment of the scanning position is appropriate (see FIG. 5C). ), The examiner presses the imaging start switch 74b. In this case, the current scanning center position has reached the scanning center target. Here, since the scan center target is a position corresponding to the scan center position when the fundus site almost the same as the past tomographic image is measured, when the scan center position is at the scan center target, the scan position of the measurement light Is set in the fundus region almost the same as the past tomographic image.
Here, when an imaging start (imaging permission) trigger signal is output from the imaging start switch 74b, the control unit 70 operates the scanning unit 23 based on the set scanning position information to acquire a tomographic image, The acquired tomographic image is stored in the memory 72 as a still image. The acquired tomographic image is displayed side by side with the past tomographic image, and follow-up observation is performed.
With the configuration as described above, it is possible to easily acquire an image at the same position as the acquisition position of a past image, so that the inspection efficiency can be improved.
In the above description, when a message indicating that the adjustment of the scanning position is appropriate is displayed on the monitor 75 (when the scanning center position reaches the scanning center target), an operation signal from the imaging start switch by the examiner. However, this is not a limitation. In this case, for example, when the controller 70 determines that the sequentially detected positional deviation amount Δd2 satisfies the predetermined second allowable range (D2), the control unit 70 automatically generates a trigger signal for starting shooting (image capture). You may make it emit. When the trigger signal is issued, the control unit 70 operates the scanning unit 23 based on the set scanning position information, acquires a tomographic image, and stores the acquired tomographic image in the memory 72 as described above. In the present embodiment, since the tomographic image is sequentially acquired as a moving image, the tomographic image acquired at the timing when the trigger signal is generated may be stored in the memory 72 as a still image. Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described method, and the determination process is performed for each tomographic image acquired sequentially, and the tomographic image acquired sequentially and the determination result are temporarily stored in the memory 72, and the determination result is used. Thus, a tomographic image obtained in a state where the adjustment of the scanning position is appropriate may be extracted.
In the above description, the scanning position of the measurement light is set to the same position as the previous image acquisition position by the examiner's manual operation, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which the scanning unit 23 is driven and controlled by the control unit 70 so that the detected positional deviation amount Δd2 satisfies the predetermined allowable range (D2) as described above. It is. However, when performing the drive control as described above, considering the current specifications of the control unit 70 and the reaction speed of the scanning unit 23, the driving of the scanning unit 23 is completed after the positional deviation amount Δd2 is detected (predetermined). Takes time to complete the movement to the scanning position). For this reason, when measurement is performed at a predetermined scanning position after the driving of the scanning unit 23 is completed, a different position may be measured if the eye to be examined is moved again during the above processing.
On the other hand, according to the above-described manual method, each control can be performed smoothly even in the current configuration. That is, the determination process of whether or not the positional deviation amount Δd2 satisfies the predetermined allowable range D2 is sequentially performed, and the determination result is displayed on the monitor 75 in real time. Therefore, the examiner can perform an accurate measurement by pressing a trigger for starting photographing while viewing the determination result.
Even when the scanning position is automatically changed, the control unit 70 detects the positional deviation amount Δd2 again after the driving of the scanning unit 23 based on the positional deviation amount Δd2 is completed, and detects the positional deviation amount Δd2. May be determined whether or not satisfies a predetermined allowable range D2. In this case, when it is determined that the positional deviation amount Δd2 satisfies the predetermined allowable range D2, the control unit 70 automatically issues a trigger signal for starting imaging (image capturing). In addition, when it is determined that the positional deviation amount Δd2 exceeds the predetermined allowable range D2, the control unit 70 drives and controls the scanning unit 23 to change the scanning position again. In this way, the possibility of measuring different positions is reduced.
In the above description, the fundus observation optical system arranged to obtain the front fundus image is configured to have an optical scanning unit, but is not limited thereto, and an optical system that simultaneously illuminates the entire fundus, A configuration (so-called fundus camera type) having an imaging optical system that captures a fundus image with a two-dimensional imaging element may be used.
In the above description, a case where a tomographic image of the fundus is acquired has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a tomographic image of a predetermined part of the eye to be examined using an optical interference optical system applying the principle of OCT. The present invention can be applied to any ophthalmologic imaging apparatus that captures (for example, an anterior segment tomogram).
Next, a flow (flow) when acquiring a plurality of tomographic images acquired by the B scan and creating an addition image will be described (see the flowchart of FIG. 6). In the present embodiment, in order to obtain one tomographic image (B-scan image) in which noise components are suppressed, measurement light is scanned a plurality of times in a predetermined scanning region, and a plurality of tomographic images are obtained and acquired. The plurality of tomographic images are added by the control unit 70 and averaged. In this case, the control unit 70 divides each tomographic image into a plurality of regions that are the same with respect to the scanning direction of the measurement light, and detects misalignment between the tomographic images for each divided region to obtain misregistration information. And the control part 70 correct | amends the positional offset between each picked-up image for every divided | segmented area | region based on the acquired positional offset information. Then, the control unit 70 adds the corrected captured images and averages them.
More specifically, first, the control unit 70 scans the measurement light a plurality of times in a predetermined scanning region using the scanning unit 23, and a plurality of tomographic images (n (n> 2) in the same scanning region). )) Acquire and store in memory 72.
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 70 divides each tomographic image stored in the memory 72 by a predetermined width and divides it into a plurality of regions (see dotted lines T in the figure). In this case, each tomographic image is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the scanning direction (for example, the X direction) of the measurement light by the scanning unit 23. In this embodiment, the tomographic image is divided into four regions. However, the number of divisions can be set to any number according to the resolution of the image, the image acquisition time, the expected amount of displacement, and the like.
Next, the control unit 70 searches for a point corresponding to a preset luminance condition such as a point having the highest luminance from the A scan signal (see the dashed line S in the figure) at the center position of each divided region. The specified predetermined point is set as a template position (reference position). Then, the control unit 70 sets an image in an arbitrary region (for example, a rectangular region) centered on the template position as a template image (see the rectangular frame W in the drawing). In this way, a template image used for position shift detection is set in each divided region.
Note that the above-described method is used in order to extract a tomographic image corresponding to the retinal region of the eye to be examined as a template image for detecting misalignment. When setting the template position, a point exceeding a predetermined threshold corresponding to a luminance value in the vicinity of the retinal pigment epithelium (a luminance value having a relatively high luminance is obtained) is searched, and the specified predetermined point is determined. It may be a template position.
The control unit 70 selects one of the acquired n tomographic images (for example, an image obtained on the n / 2th sheet) as a base image (reference image), and selects the base image. A template image in each set divided area is taken out.
Next, when adding a plurality of images, the control unit 70 selects one predetermined image from the acquired tomographic images, and sequentially adds the images to the base image for each image. As a result, at least three or more images are added.
In this case, the control unit 70 first selects a predetermined tomographic image from the n acquired tomographic images, and the template image in each divided region set for the selected tomographic image (selected image). Take out. Then, the control unit 70 compares the template image of the base image with the template image of the selected image for each divided region, and for each divided region, the positional deviation direction and the deviation amount of the selected image with respect to the base image. To detect. In this case, the correlation value is sequentially calculated while shifting the template image in the selected image in units of pixels with respect to the template image of the base image. Then, the control unit 70 calculates the displacement amount (the number of displaced pixels) of the pixel when the correlation value becomes the maximum as the displacement amount.
Then, the control unit 70 uses, as the base image, the template image of the selected image in each divided region by the amount of positional deviation detected for each divided region so that the positional deviation in each divided region of the selected image with respect to the base image is corrected. Displace each. After the positional deviation correction, the control unit 70 adds the pixel values of the base image and the template image of the selected image for each divided region.
As described above, the control unit 70 repeats the positional deviation detection and positional deviation correction processing for all the acquired tomographic images, and calculates the total pixel value. Thereafter, the total value of the pixel values is divided by the number of images used for the addition process, thereby creating an addition average image. In this case, a tomographic image in which the detected displacement amount exceeds the allowable range may be excluded from the addition processing target. In the above description, in the image addition, the image addition is sequentially performed for each divided region in units of one tomographic image. However, the image addition may be sequentially performed in units of divided regions of each tomographic image.
With the configuration as described above, when a plurality of tomographic images are added, even if the subject eye slightly moves during the scanning of the measurement light, positional deviation correction is performed for each region divided in the optical scanning direction. Deviation between images is appropriately corrected, and a clear tomographic image is created.
In the above description, the positional deviation of each tomographic image with respect to the predetermined reference image is detected for each divided region, and the positional deviation with respect to the reference image is corrected. Any other method may be used as long as it is detected every time and the positional deviation between the tomographic images is corrected. For example, a method of sequentially correcting a positional shift between temporally adjacent tomographic images may be used.
In the above description, the image addition method when a plurality of fundus tomographic images are acquired has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a predetermined region of the eye to be inspected using an optical interference optical system that applies the principle of OCT. The present invention can be applied to any ophthalmologic photographing apparatus that photographs a tomographic image (for example, an anterior segment tomographic image).
Further, in the above description, the image addition method when capturing the tomographic image of the eye to be examined using the interference optical system has been described. However, a light source that emits light with high luminance and high directivity, and measurement light are predetermined for the eye to be examined. A light scanning unit that scans the region, and a light receiving element that receives reflected light from the measurement light through a confocal aperture disposed at a position substantially conjugate to a predetermined region of the eye to be examined. A confocal optical system (for example, the SLO optical system 300) for obtaining a front image at a site may be used as an image addition method when acquiring a plurality of front images of the eye to be examined. For example, when a plurality of SLO fundus images are acquired by the SLO optical system 300, each SLO fundus image is divided into a plurality of regions with respect to the sub-scanning direction (vertical direction) of the measurement light. Then, the positional deviation between the SLO images is detected for each divided area, and the positional deviation between the SLO images is corrected for each divided area by the detected positional deviation, and image addition is performed.
The present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and has a light scanning unit that scans light emitted from a measurement light source on a predetermined part of the eye to be examined and a light receiving element that receives reflected light from the measurement light, and a tomographic image of the eye to be examined. Alternatively, the present invention can be applied to any photographing optical system for obtaining a front image.
Next, a case where a three-dimensional image of the fundus is captured using the OCT optical system 200 will be described (see the flowchart in FIG. 8). In this case, the examiner uses a predetermined scanning position adjustment unit and a predetermined fixation position adjustment unit to set a region on the fundus for obtaining a three-dimensional image using a setting switch (not shown), and presses the imaging start switch. . Thereby, acquisition of a three-dimensional image by the OCT optical system 200 is started. The three-dimensional image is acquired based on a light reception signal output from the light receiving element 83 when the measurement light is scanned two-dimensionally (XY direction) on the fundus by driving the scanning unit 23. In the present embodiment, when acquiring a three-dimensional image, the OCT light source 27 is turned on and the SLO light source 61a is erased.
When the scanning of the measurement light for obtaining the three-dimensional image is completed, the control unit 70, in a stage before Fourier analysis is performed, generates an interference signal from the raw data (RAW data) of the received light signal output from the light receiving element 83. Are extracted (the stationary reference light component is removed) and added for each A scan. Thereby, a fundus front image (hereinafter referred to as an OCT fundus image) by the OCT optical system 200 at the time of acquiring a three-dimensional image is obtained (see FIG. 9). In this case, the luminance level at a predetermined point of the OCT fundus image corresponds to the cumulative value of the signal level (luminance value) for each pixel of the interference signal extracted from the light reception signal of the light receiving element 83 acquired at the predetermined scanning position. To do.
Note that the above-mentioned OCT fundus image is an image formed on the basis of a light reception signal before Fourier analysis is performed, so that an image creation time (calculation processing time) can be shortened. When obtaining an OCT fundus image at the time of acquiring a three-dimensional image, the OCT fundus image is not limited to the above-described method, and the OCT fundus image may be acquired based on an interference signal received at the time of photographing output from the light receiving element 83. That's fine. For example, an integrated image obtained by integrating three-dimensional images obtained through Fourier analysis in the depth direction may be acquired as an OCT fundus image (however, time required for Fourier analysis is required). Further, an image near the surface layer (surface) of the fundus in the three-dimensional image may be acquired as an OCT fundus image.
In addition, the control unit 70 uses a SLO optical system 300 as a reference for a fundus front image (hereinafter referred to as an SLO fundus image) obtained in the same fixation state as the OCT fundus image before or after the three-dimensional image is captured. Obtained as an image and stored in the memory 72. Then, the control unit 70 extracts an image of a portion corresponding to the acquisition region of the three-dimensional image from the acquired SLO image based on the scanning position information of the measurement light set at the time of three-dimensional imaging. The extracted SLO fundus image is set as a reference image for obtaining a positional deviation from the aforementioned OCT fundus image. Note that the timing for acquiring the SLO fundus image that is the basis of the reference image may be substantially the same as that for capturing the three-dimensional image, and the SLO image may be acquired when the three-dimensional image is captured.
When the acquisition of the OCT fundus image and the SLO fundus image is completed, the control unit 70 compares the OCT fundus image with the reference image (SLO fundus image) and detects the positional shift of the OCT fundus image with respect to the reference image by image processing. Then, the detection result and the OCT fundus image are displayed on the screen of the monitor 75. More specifically, the control unit 70 compares the OCT fundus image with the reference image to detect an overall displacement amount of the OCT fundus image with respect to the reference image, and divides the entire OCT fundus image into a plurality of regions. Then, the OCT fundus image in each divided area is compared with the reference image to detect a local positional deviation amount of the fundus image with respect to the reference image.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of capturing an OCT fundus image acquired when capturing a three-dimensional image. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing an OCT fundus image when a good image is taken without fixation disparity and blinking during imaging. On the other hand, when there is a blink during three-dimensional imaging, measurement light is emitted by the eyelids, and as shown in FIG. 9B, a missing portion (see K in the figure) occurs in the OCT fundus image. In addition, when there is a shift in the fixation position during the three-dimensional imaging, the fundus region scanned with the measurement light is changed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9C, the image is displayed on a part of the OCT fundus image. A shift (there is a shift at the dotted line D in the figure) occurs.
In consideration of the fact that the SLO fundus image capturing time is shorter than the OCT three-dimensional image capturing time, the possibility of fixation disparity and blinking is relatively small when capturing the SLO fundus image. However, as a precaution, a plurality of SLO fundus images may be acquired and a good SLO fundus image may be used as the reference image.
When detecting the total amount of positional deviation between the SLO fundus image and the OCT fundus image, for example, the control unit 70 sequentially calculates the correlation value while shifting the entire OCT fundus image in units of one pixel with respect to the entire SLO fundus image. calculate. Then, the control unit 70 calculates (detects) the displacement amount (the number of displaced pixels) of the pixel when the correlation value becomes the maximum as the displacement amount. Thereby, the amount of deviation of the actual shooting position from the shooting position set before shooting the three-dimensional image is obtained.
Further, when detecting a local (partial) positional shift amount between the SLO fundus image and the OCT fundus image, the control unit 70 divides the OCT fundus image into a plurality of regions as shown in FIG. Division is performed, and a positional deviation amount between the OCT fundus image and the SLO image in each divided region is calculated. In this case, the control unit 70 sequentially calculates the correlation value of the OCT fundus image with respect to the SLO fundus image for each divided region. Then, the control unit 70 calculates the displacement amount (the number of displaced pixels) of the pixel when the correlation value becomes the maximum as the displacement amount in each region. As a result, the amount of local photographing position shift due to eye movement during acquisition of a three-dimensional image and the presence or absence of blinking are obtained. When there is a blink, the amount of misalignment indicates an abnormal value. Also, when obtaining the amount of local displacement, the SLO image is divided into a plurality of regions, as in the case of the OCT fundus image, and the displacement of the OCT fundus image with respect to the SLO fundus image is obtained for each divided region. Also good.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10A, the control unit 70 displays the OCT fundus image so that the number of pixels in the vertical direction and the number of pixels in the horizontal direction in each divided region match. Is divided into a plurality of regions. For example, when the number of pixels of the entire OCT fundus image is 256 × 256, one region is divided into a total of 16 regions of 4 × 4 × 4 having 64 × 64 pixels (FIG. 10A). (See the thin line in the image.) Thereby, it can respond also to local rotation operation | movement etc. of the eye to be examined. The OCT fundus image may be divided into a plurality of regions only in the vertical direction (measurement light sub-scanning direction). In addition, as described above, the size of each region when the OCT fundus image is divided into a plurality of regions needs to secure a region that can detect a positional shift by comparison with the reference image.
As described above, when the positional shift of the OCT fundus image with respect to the reference image (SLO image) is detected, the control unit 70 outputs the detection result on the monitor 75. Here, the control unit 70 performs the display on the monitor 75 and the display showing the total positional deviation amount detected as described above, the display showing the partial positional deviation amount detected in each region, and the like.
As an output format, it is conceivable to display the amount of positional deviation in a predetermined unit (for example, pixel unit) (see FIG. 10B). As another output format, the control unit 70 determines whether or not the detected misregistration amount satisfies a predetermined allowable range, and outputs the determination result (for example, misregistration OK, misregistration error). It is conceivable that the drawing color is changed according to the determination result. Further, it may be a number that expresses the positional deviation step by step, may be ranked by alphabets, etc., or may be displayed as a reliability coefficient indicating the reliability of the three-dimensional image, etc. Conceivable. In addition, when performing display regarding partial misalignment, it is preferable that each segmented area and each misalignment amount are output in a form associated with each other.
The examiner determines whether OCT three-dimensional imaging is appropriate while viewing the detection result displayed on the monitor 75 and the OCT fundus image (the display of the SLO fundus image is also possible). Here, when the total displacement amount or the partial displacement amount is less than the allowable value, the examiner determines that the photographing is appropriate. Here, when it is determined to be appropriate and a predetermined switch operation is performed, the control unit 70 performs Fourier analysis, three-dimensional image construction, image analysis (for example, boundary position detection of each film, film thickness measurement of each film, Etc.) are executed sequentially. Then, the control unit 70 displays the graphic of the three-dimensional image and the result of the image analysis on the monitor 75.
In addition, when the total displacement amount or the partial displacement amount exceeds the allowable value, the examiner re-photographs the three-dimensional image. Here, when it is determined that re-imaging is necessary, and a predetermined switch operation is performed, the control unit 70 executes the OCT three-dimensional image again.
As described above, the deviation of the photographing position at the time of photographing the three-dimensional image is detected, and the detection result is displayed on the monitor 75, whereby the deviation of the actual photographing position with respect to the set photographing position is displayed. The examiner can easily grasp the difference between the fixation position and the alignment position during image shooting, the presence or absence of blinking, and the like. Further, according to the above method, the success or failure of the three-dimensional image can be determined before the Fourier analysis, the construction of the graphic image, the image analysis, or the like is executed.
In the above description, the examiner determines the success or failure of the three-dimensional image shooting. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the success or failure of the image is determined by the control unit 70, and the automatic determination is made according to the result. Alternatively, re-photographing may be performed. In this case, the control unit 70 determines whether at least one of the detected total displacement amount and partial displacement amount satisfies a predetermined allowable range, and is determined to be out of the allowable range. In this case, re-photographing of the three-dimensional image is automatically executed.
In the above description, the front image for observation acquired almost simultaneously with the photographing of the three-dimensional image is set as the reference image. However, when a three-dimensional image is photographed in the past with the same fundus region, it is almost simultaneously. The acquired front image for observation may be used as the reference image. In this way, it is possible to determine whether or not a three-dimensional image at the same fundus site as in the past has been properly performed.
In the above description, the fundus observation optical system arranged to obtain the front fundus image for observation is configured to have the optical scanning unit. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the optical system that simultaneously illuminates the entire fundus And an imaging optical system that captures a fundus image with a two-dimensional imaging device (so-called fundus camera type) may be used.
In the above description, a method for determining success or failure when a three-dimensional image of the fundus oculi is acquired has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an optical interference optical system that applies the principle of OCT is used. The present invention can be applied to any ophthalmologic imaging apparatus that captures a tomographic image (for example, an anterior segment tomographic image) of a predetermined part of the optometry.
It is a figure which shows the optical system and control system of the ophthalmologic imaging device of this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement at the time of acquiring an OCT image and an SLO image sequentially. It is a figure when an OCT fundus image and an SLO fundus image are displayed in parallel on a monitor. It is a figure which shows the front image observation screen in imaging | photography mode for measuring the same site | part as the tomographic image acquired in the past. It is an example of a display of the shift information on the current scanning position with respect to the scanning target position. It is a flowchart explaining the flow at the time of acquiring the tomographic image acquired by B scan, and producing an addition image. It is a figure which shows an example when each tomographic image is divided | segmented into several area | region. It is a flowchart explaining the flow in the case of image | photographing a three-dimensional fundus image using an OCT optical system. It is a figure which shows the example of the OCT fundus image acquired at the time of imaging | photography of a three-dimensional image. It is an example of image division when detecting the amount of local positional deviation between the SLO fundus image and the OCT fundus image, and a display example when displaying the detection result of the positional deviation amount on the monitor.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 23 Scan part 24a 2nd drive mechanism 27 OCT light source 61 Light emitting part 63a 1st drive mechanism 63 Scan part 68 Light receiving element 70 Control part 72 Memory | storage part 74 Operation part 75 Monitor 83 Light receiving element 200 OCT optical system 300 SLO optical system
An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus comprising: a control unit configured to display a detection result by the displacement detection unit and the OCT front image on a screen of the display unit.
3. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the displacement detection unit compares the entire OCT front image acquired by the image processing unit with the reference image, and an overall displacement amount of the OCT front image with respect to the reference image. And the entire OCT front image is divided into a plurality of regions, and the OCT front image in each of the divided regions is compared with the reference image to determine the amount of local displacement of the OCT front image with respect to the reference image. An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus characterized by detecting.
4. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the display control means displays the detection result in a format in which each divided area is associated with a positional deviation amount in each area. apparatus.
The ophthalmic imaging apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a determination processing unit that determines whether or not a positional deviation amount output from the positional deviation detection unit satisfies a predetermined tolerance range.
The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus characterized in that the display control means displays a result determined by the determination processing means.
The ophthalmic imaging apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the interference optical system is a Fourier domain type OCT optical system,
The position shift detection unit acquires an OCT front image based on a received light signal before Fourier analysis is performed before Fourier analysis is performed by the image control unit for acquiring the tomographic image. An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus characterized by detecting a shift amount.
7. The ophthalmologic photographing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the reference image is a front image for observation acquired by the observation optical system substantially simultaneously with the photographing of the three-dimensional image, or when a three-dimensional image is photographed at the same fundus site in the past. An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus characterized by being any one of the front images for observation acquired substantially simultaneously.
JP2008283872A 2008-11-05 2008-11-05 Ophthalmic imaging equipment Active JP5355994B2 (en)
JP2008283872A JP5355994B2 (en) 2008-11-05 2008-11-05 Ophthalmic imaging equipment
EP09175163.6A EP2184006B1 (en) 2008-11-05 2009-11-05 Ophthalmic photographing apparatus
US12/591,046 US8593514B2 (en) 2008-11-05 2009-11-05 Ophthalmic photographing apparatus
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