Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US8046214?dq=5927278
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Patent US8046214 - Low complexity decoder for complex transform coding of multi-channel sound - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA multi-channel audio decoder provides a reduced complexity processing to reconstruct multi-channel audio from an encoded bitstream in which the multi-channel audio is represented as a coded subset of the channels along with a complex channel correlation matrix parameterization. The decoder translates...http://www.google.com/patents/US8046214?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8046214 - Low complexity decoder for complex transform coding of multi-channel soundAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS8046214 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/767,457Publication dateOct 25, 2011Filing dateJun 22, 2007Priority dateJun 22, 2007Also published asUS20080319739Publication number11767457, 767457, US 8046214 B2, US 8046214B2, US-B2-8046214, US8046214 B2, US8046214B2InventorsSanjeev Mehrotra, Wei-ge ChenOriginal AssigneeMicrosoft CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (127), Non-Patent Citations (61), Referenced by (7), Classifications (22), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLow complexity decoder for complex transform coding of multi-channel soundUS 8046214 B2Abstract A multi-channel audio decoder provides a reduced complexity processing to reconstruct multi-channel audio from an encoded bitstream in which the multi-channel audio is represented as a coded subset of the channels along with a complex channel correlation matrix parameterization. The decoder translates the complex channel correlation matrix parameterization to a real transform that satisfies the magnitude of the complex channel correlation matrix. The multi-channel audio is derived from the coded subset of channels via channel extension processing using a real value effect signal and real number scaling.
l = X 0 X 0 * X 0 X 0 * X 1 X 1 * , σ =  X 0 X 1 * X 0 X 0 * X 1 X 1 *  , and θ = ∠ ( X 0 X 1 * X 0 X 0 * X 1 X 1 * ) , where X is a matrix containing spectral coefficients of the multi-channel audio.
R = 1 β ( l + 1 l � 2 σ cos θ ) ( l + 1 l + 2 σ ) [ l + σ 1 - σ 2 1 l + σ - 1 - σ 2 ] . 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the multi-channel audio represented in the encoded audio stream is scaled by a power-preserving scale factor by the encoder, and the method further comprises:
R = 1 ( l + 1 l ) ( l + 1 l + 2 σ ) [ l + σ 1 - σ 2 1 l + σ - 1 - σ 2 ] . 12. A method of decoding multi-channel audio, the method comprising:
R = 1 β ( l + 1 l � 2 σ cos θ ) ( l + 1 l + 2 σ ) [ l + σ 1 - σ 2 1 l + σ - 1 - σ 2 ] . 21. The multi-channel audio decoder of claim 20 wherein the multi-channel audio represented in the encoded audio stream is scaled by a power-preserving scale factor by the encoder, and the method further comprises:
R = 1 ( l + 1 l ) ( l + 1 l + 2 σ ) [ l + σ 1 - σ 2 1 l + σ - 1 - σ 2 ] . 23. The multi-channel audio decoder of claim 17 wherein the set of cross-channel correlation and channel power parameters characterize a complex channel correlation matrix.
R = 1 β ( l + 1 l � 2 σ cos θ ) ( l + 1 l + 2 σ ) [ l + σ 1 - σ 2 1 l + σ - 1 - σ 2 ] . 37. The computer-readable memory or storage of claim 36 wherein the multi-channel audio represented in the encoded audio stream is scaled by a power-preserving scale factor by the encoder, and the method further comprises:
R = 1 ( l + 1 l ) ( l + 1 l + 2 σ ) [ l + σ 1 - σ 2 1 l + σ - 1 - σ 2 ] . 39. Computer-readable memory or storage storing computer-readable instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to perform a method of decoding multi-channel audio, the method comprising:
CC * = [ LM 1 β 2 - LM - RM 2 ( 1 + j R I ) 1 β - LM - RM 2 ( 1 - j R I ) RM ] ( 5 ) C. Normalized Correlation Matrix Parameterization
l = X 0 X 0 * X 0 X 0 * X 1 X 1 * ( 6 ) σ =  X 0 X 1 * X 0 X 0 * X 1 X 1 *  ( 7 ) θ = ∠ ( X 0 X 1 * X 0 X 0 * X 1 X 1 * ) ( 8 ) This then simplifies to the decoder solving the following:
CC * = 1 β 2 l + 1 l � 2 σ cos θ [ l σⅇ jθ σⅇ - jθ 1 l ] ( 9 ) If C satisfies (9), then so will CU for any arbitrary orthonormal matrix U. Since C is a 2�2 matrix, we have 4 parameters available and only 3 equations to satisfy (since the correlation matrix is symmetric). The extra degree of freedom is used to find U such that the amount of effect signal going into both the reconstructed channels is the same. Additionally the phase component is separated out into a separate matrix which can be done for this case. That is,
∠ X 0 BX = ∠ ( X 0 X 0 * � X 0 X 1 * ) = ∠ ( l � σⅇ jθ ) = ∠ ( l � σ ( cos θ + j sin θ ) ) = ϕ 0 ( 13 ) ( 14 ) ( 15 ) ( 16 ) This gives
ϕ 0 = arctan 2 ( � σ sin θ l � σ cos θ ) ( 17 ) ϕ 1 = ϕ 0 - θ ( 18 ) The values for a, b, and d are found by satisfying the magnitude of the correlation matrix. That is
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