Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7572522?dq=7,599,983
Timestamp: 2016-10-21 17:08:01
Document Index: 11093079

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2002', 'Application No. 2002', 'Application No. 2002', 'art 2', 'Application No. 01130872', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 01130872', 'art 2', 'Application No. 200610059597']

Patent US7572522 - Luminescent device - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsInterfaces between layers in a light emitting element are eliminated by using a light emitting element with a mixed region including a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material The light emitting element may further comprise a region with a dopant. By using this light emitting...http://www.google.com/patents/US7572522?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7572522 - Luminescent deviceAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS7572522 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/026,064Publication dateAug 11, 2009Filing dateDec 21, 2001Priority dateDec 28, 2000Fee statusPaidAlso published asCN1255882C, CN1362746A, CN1551697A, CN100464441C, EP1220340A2, EP1220340A3, EP1220340B1, EP2256840A2, EP2256840A3, US7579089, US8310147, US20020086180, US20050260440, US20090273280Publication number026064, 10026064, US 7572522 B2, US 7572522B2, US-B2-7572522, US7572522 B2, US7572522B2InventorsSatoshi Seo, Shunpei YamazakiOriginal AssigneeSemiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (111), Non-Patent Citations (39), Referenced by (61), Classifications (26), Legal Events (2) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLuminescent device
US 7572522 B2Abstract
Interfaces between layers in a light emitting element are eliminated by using a light emitting element with a mixed region including a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material The light emitting element may further comprise a region with a dopant. By using this light emitting element, an organic luminescent element of low power consumption and long life is achieved, and the light emitting element can be used to manufacture a luminescent device and an electric appliance.
an organic luminescent element comprising:
a hole transporting region provided between the anode and the cathode, the hole transporting region comprising a first layer, a second layer, and a mixed layer provided between the first layer and the second layer;
wherein the first layer includes a hole injecting material, the mixed layer includes the hole injecting material and a hole transporting material, and the second layer includes the hole transporting material,
wherein the hole injecting material is smaller in ionization potential than the hole transporting material,
wherein the hole transporting material is larger in hole mobility than the hole injecting material, and
wherein there is a concentration gradient such that a concentration of the hole transporting material is increased in a direction toward the cathode from the anode and a concentration of the hole injecting material is decreased in a direction toward the cathode from the anode.
2. A luminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the hole injecting material comprises a phthalocyanine compound.
3. A luminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the hole transporting material comprises an aromatic amine-based compound.
4. A luminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the organic luminescent element has a luminescence from a triplet excited state.
5. A luminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the luminescent device is an electric appliance selected from the group consisting of a display device, a video camera, a digital camera, an image reproducing device, a mobile portable computer, a personal computer, a cellular phone, and an audio device.
an electron transporting region provided between the anode and the cathode, the electron transporting region comprising a first layer, a second layer, and a mixed layer provided between the first layer and the second layer;
wherein the first layer includes an electron injecting material, the mixed layer includes an electron transporting material and the electron injecting material, and the second layer includes the electron transporting material,
wherein the electron injecting material is larger in electron affinity than the electron transporting material,
wherein the electron transporting material is larger in electron mobility than the electron injecting material, and
wherein there is a concentration gradient such that a concentration of the electron injecting material is increased in a direction toward the cathode from the anode and a concentration of the electron transporting material is decreased in a direction toward the cathode from the anode.
7. A luminescent device according to claim 6, wherein the electron injecting material is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal halogenide, a metal complex having a quinoline skeleton, a metal complex having a benzoquinoline skeleton, an oxadiazole derivative, or a triazole derivative.
8. A luminescent device according to claim 6, wherein the electron transporting material is selected from the group consisting of a metal complex having a quinoline skeleton, a metal complex having a benzoquinoline skeleton, an oxadiazole derivative, a triazole derivative, or a phenanthroline derivative.
9. A luminescent device according to claim 6, wherein the organic luminescent element has a luminescence from a triplet excited state.
10. A luminescent device according to claim 6, wherein the luminescent device is an electric appliance selected from the group consisting of a display device, a video camera, a digital camera, an image reproducing device, a mobile portable computer, a personal computer, a cellular phone, and an audio device.
a luminescent layer provided between the anode and the cathode; and
a blocking layer adjacent to the luminescent layer, being provided between the anode and the cathode;
wherein the blocking layer comprises a blocking material and a material contained in the luminescent layer,
wherein the blocking material and the material contained in the luminescent layer have electron transport property,
wherein an energy difference between a highest occupied molecular orbit and a lowest unoccupied molecular orbit in the blocking material is larger than an energy difference between a highest occupied molecular orbit and a lowest unoccupied molecular orbit in a material contained in the luminescent layer, and
wherein there is a concentration gradient that a concentration of the material contained in the luminescent layer is decreased in a direction toward the cathode from the anode and a concentration of the blocking material is increased in a direction toward the cathode from the anode.
12. A luminescent device according to claim 11, wherein the blocking material is selected from the group consisting of an oxadiazole derivative, a triazole derivative, or a phenanthroline derivative.
13. A luminescent device according to claim 11, wherein the organic luminescent element presents luminance caused from a triplet excited state.
14. A luminescent device according to claim 11, wherein the luminescent device is an electric appliance selected from the group consisting of a display device, a video camera, a digital camera, an image reproducing device, a mobile portable computer, a personal computer, a cellular phone, and an audio device.
a first mixed region contiguous to the anode, comprising a hole injecting material and a hole transporting material;
a second mixed region contiguous to the first region, comprising the hole transporting material and a host material;
a third mixed region contiguous to the second mixed region, comprising the host material and a blocking material; and
a fourth mixed region provided between the third mixed region and the cathode, comprising an electron injecting material and an electron transporting material,
wherein there is at least one concentration gradient in the first region such that a concentration of the hole injecting material is decreased in a direction toward the second region from the anode and a concentration of the hole transporting material is increased in a direction toward the second region from the anode, in the second region such that a concentration of the hole transporting material is decreased in a direction toward the third region from the first region and a concentration of the host material is increased in a direction toward the third region from the first region, and in the third region such that a concentration of the host material is decreased in a direction toward the fourth region from the second region and a concentration of the blocking material is increased in a direction toward the fourth region from the second region.
16. A luminescent device comprising:
a first mixed region adjacent to the anode, comprising a hole injecting material and a hole transporting material;
a second mixed region adjacent to the cathode, comprising an electron injecting material and an electron transporting material; and
a third mixed region provided between the first mixed region and the second mixed region, comprising the hole transporting material and the electron transporting material,
wherein there is a concentration gradient in the first mixed region that a concentration of the hole transporting material is decreased in a direction toward the third region from the anode and a concentration of the hole injecting material is increased in a direction toward the third region from the anode, in the second region that a concentration of the electron transporting material is increased in a direction toward the third region from the cathode and a concentration of the electron injecting material is decreased in a direction toward the third region from the cathode, and in the third region that a concentration of the electron transporting material is decreased in a direction toward the first region from the second region and a concentration of the hole transporting material is increased in a direction toward the first region from the second region.
17. A luminescent device according to claim 16, wherein a luminescent material is doped in a portion of the third region.
18. A luminescent device according to claim 17, wherein the luminescent material is a triplet luminescent diode.
19. A luminescent device according to claim 16, wherein the luminescent device is an electric appliance selected from the group consisting of a display device, a video camera, a digital camera, an image reproducing device, a mobile portable computer, a personal computer, a cellular phone, and an audio device.
a fourth mixed region provided between the third mixed region and the cathode, comprising the blocking material and an electron injecting material;
wherein there is at least one concentration gradient in the first region that a concentration of the hole injecting material is decreased in a direction toward the second region from the anode and a concentration of the hole transporting material is increased in a direction toward the second region from the anode, in the second region that a concentration of the hole transporting material is decreased in a direction toward the third region from the first region and a concentration of the host material is increased in a direction toward the third region from the first region, and in the third region that a concentration of that host material is decreased in a direction toward the fourth region from the second region and a concentration of the blocking material is increased in a direction toward the fourth region from the second region.
21. A luminescent device according to claim 20, wherein there is a concentration gradient in the fourth region that a concentration of the blocking material is decreased toward the cathode from the third region and a concentration of the electron injecting material is increased toward the cathode from the third region.
22. A luminescent device according to claim 20, wherein a luminescent material is doped in a portion of both second region and third region.
23. A luminescent device according to claim 22, wherein the luminescent material is a triplet luminescent diode.
24. A luminescent device according to claim 20, wherein the blocking material is an electron transporting material.
25. A luminescent device comprising:
a first layer comprising a hole injecting material and a hole transporting material over the anode;
a second layer comprising a host material over the first layer;
a third layer comprising a blocking material over the second layer;
a fourth layer comprising an electron injecting material over the third layer; and
a cathode over the fourth layer,
wherein a luminescent material is doped in the second layer and the third layer.
26. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the first layer is a hole transporting mixed layer.
27. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the second layer is a bipolar-natured mixed layer.
28. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the third layer is a blocking mixed layer.
29. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the fourth layer is an electron transporting mixed layer.
30. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the blocking material serves as an electron transporting material.
31. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the luminescent material is a triplet light emitting material.
32. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the triplet light emitting material has a central metal selected from the group consisting of platinum and iridium.
33. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the luminescent material is a material selected from the group consisting of a metal complex and a fluorescent dye.
34. An electronic appliance having the luminescent device according to claim 25.
35. An electronic appliance according to claim 25, wherein the electronic appliance is selected from the group consisting of a car audio, a display device, a video camera, a digital camera, an image reproducing device, a mobile portable computer, a personal computer, and a cellular phone.
36. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the luminescent device is a passive matrix luminescent device.
37. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode is electrically connected to an active element such as a thin film transistor and a MOS transistor.
38. A luminescent device according to claim 25, wherein the luminescent device is an organic luminescent device. Description
One of the problems is that it results in a barrier leading to further reduction of drive voltage. Actually, it has been reported with respect to existing organic luminescent elements that an element of a single-layered structure making use of a conjugate polymer is excellent in terms of drive voltage and holds top data (comparison in luminescence from the singlet excited state) in power efficiency (unit:“lm/W”) (Literature 4: Tetsuo Tsutsui “bulletin of organic molecular/bioelectronics” subcommittee of Society of Applied Physics, Vol. 11, No. 1, P. 8 (2000)).
Hereupon, the invention has its object to provide an organic luminescent element, which makes the best use of an advantage (functional separation) in a laminated structure used in the related art and enhances mobility of a carrier by mitigating an energy barrier present in an organic compound layer, and which is lower in drive voltage and longer in service life than those in the related art.
In Literature 9, a single-layered structure is formed by mixing 4, 4′-bis [N-(3-methylphenyl)—N-phenyl-amino]-biphenyl (referred below to as “TPD”), which is of hole transporting quality, and Alq3, which is of electron transporting quality, at the ratio of 1:4. However, in comparing the single-layered structure with a laminated structure (that is, a hetero structure formed with organic interfaces composed of TPD and Alq3), it is demonstrated that the former is inferior to the laminated structure in terms of luminous efficiency.
The reason for this is thought to be that with the single mixed layer, holes filled from an anode and electrons filled from a cathode are frequently passed to opposed electrodes without recombination. Since the laminated structure functions to block a carrier, such problem is not caused.
Also, a conventional laminated structure is of simple hetero-junction between different substances, while the structure according to the invention is of so-called mixed-junction and can be said to be an organic luminescent element based on a new concept.
Also, in the case of forming hole injecting regions or electron injecting regions, it is sufficient to install in the same vacuum vessel 3210 deposition sources for respective filling materials. For example, in FIG. 32B, in the case of provision of a hole injecting region between the anode 3202 and the hole transporting region 3203 by a deposition, formation of an impurity layer can be avoided by evaporating the hole transporting material 3221 without an interval from a point of time a hole injecting material is deposited on the anode 3202.
Subsequently, a sample chamber alll2 receiving a hole transporting material 1116 is heated and a shutter alll4 is opened to cause deposition of a hole transporting region 2405 composed of the hole transporting material 1116. At this time, a sample chamber b1113 receiving an electron transporting material 1117 is also simultaneously heated while a shutter b1115 is closed.
After the hole transporting region 2405 reaches a predetermined film thickness, the shutter a1114 is gradually closed and at the same time the shutter b1115 is gradually opened. The opening and closing speed at this time forms a concentration gradient for a mixed region 2407. The opening and closing speed may be set so that when the shutter a1114 is fully closed, the mixed region 2407 reaches a predetermined film thickness and the electron transporting material 1117 reaches a predetermined deposition rate (a rate at the time of deposition of an electron transporting region 2406). Thereafter, the electron transporting region 2406 is formed while the shutter b1115 remains opened, and so an element formed with a concentration gradient is made possible in the element structure shown in FIG. 24.
Most widely used as the hole transporting material are aromatic amine-based compounds (that is, one having a benzene ring-nitrogen coupling). Widely used materials include, in addition to TPD described previously, its derivatives, that is, 4, 4′-bis [N-(1-naphthyl)—N-phenyl-amino]-biphenyl (abbreviation; α-NPD), and star-burst type aromatic amine compounds such as 4, 4′, 4″-tris (N, N-diphenyl-amino)-triphenylamine (abbreviation; TDATA), 4, 4′, 4″-tris [N-(3-methylphenyl)—N-phenyl-amino]-triphenylamine (abbreviation; MTDATA) and the like.
Metal complexes are frequently used as the electron transporting material, and include, in addition to Alq3 described previously, metal complexes of quinoline skeleton or benzoquinoline skeleton, such as tris (4-methyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminium (abbreviation; Al(mq3)), bis (10-hydroxybenzo[h]-quinolinato) beryllium (abbreviation; Be(Bq)3), and mixed ligand complexes such as bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)-(4-phenylphenolate)-aluminium (abbreviation; BAlq) and the like. Also, among the metal complexes are ones having a thiazole-based ligand and an oxazole-based ligand, such as bis [2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzoxazolato] zinc (abbreviation; Zn(BOX)2), bis [2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazolato] zinc (abbreviation; Zn(BTZ)2) and the like. Further, there are, in addition to metal complexes, oxadiazole derivatives such as 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (abbreviation; PBD), 1,3-bis[5-(p—tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-il] benzene (abbreviation; OXD-7) and the like, triazole derivatives such as 5-(4-biphenylyl)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole (abbreviation; TAZ), 5-(4-biphenylyl)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-(4-ethylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (abbreviation; p-EtTAZ) and the like, and phenanthroline derivatives such as bathophenanthroline (abbreviation; BPhen), bathocuproine (abbreviation; BCP) and the like, these derivatives having an electron transporting property.
As the luminescent material (including ones used as dopant), various kinds of fluorescent dyes are serviceable as well as the above-mentioned metal complexes such as Alq3, Al(mq)3, Be(Bq)2, BAlq, Zn(BOX)2, Zn(BTZ)2 and so on. Also, a triplet light emitting material is serviceable, and composed mainly of a complex, of which central metal is platinum or iridium. Known as a triplet light emitting material are tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium (abbreviation; Ir(ppy)3),2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 13, 17, 18-octaethyl-21H, 23H-porphyrin-platinum (abbreviation; PtOEP) and so on.
The mixed region 2607 is formed to have a film thickness of 30 nm, and at this time an intermediate region of 10 nm (that is, a portion of 10 nm to 20 nm in the mixed region 2607 of 30 nm) in the mixed region 2607 is doped at the ratio of 5 wt % with rubrene as a fluorescent dye as the luminescent material 2608. Also, a last region of 10 nm (that is, a portion of 20 nm to 30 nm in the mixed region of 30 nm) in the mixed region 2607 is doped with BCP as a blocking material 2609. The deposition rate of the respective materials at the time of doping with BCP is TPD:BeBq2:BCP =1:4:3 [nm/s].
After a hole transporting layer composed of only α-NPD is formed to be 30 nm in thickness, deposition of BAlq being an electron transporting material is also started at the deposition rate 0.3 nm/sec while the deposition rate of α-NPD remains fixed at 0.3 nm/sec. That is, a mixed region (α-NPD +BAlq) where the ratio of α-NPD and BAlq is 1:1 is formed by codeposition.
Since this embodiment relates to a triplet light emitting diode, tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium (referred below to as Ir(ppy)3), which is the triplet light emitting material 1016, is doped during the formation of the bipolar-natured mixed layer 1004 and the blocking mixed layer 1005. A region where CBP being the host material is high in concentration, that is, a region near a boundary between the bipolar-natured mixed layer 1004 and the blocking mixed layer 1005 is most suitable as a doped region 1008. In this embodiment, a region of �5 nm about the boundary, that is, a region having a width of 10 nm in total is made the doped region 1008 where doping of 6 wt % is effected.
FIGS. 13( a) and 13(b) show the exterior of the active matrix luminescent device illustrated in FIG. 12B. FIG. 13A is a top view thereof and FIG. 13B is a sectional view taken along the line P-P′ of FIG. 13A. The symbols in FIGS. 12 A and 12B are used in FIGS. 13A and 13B.
FIG. 36B shows a chart for driving this circuit in accordance with digital time gray scale display. In digital time gray scale display, one frame is divided into plural sub-frames. FIG. 36B shows 6 bit gray scale in which one frame is divided into six sub-frames. In this case, the ratio of light emission periods of the sub-frames is 32 16:8:4:2:1.
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2013May 16, 2013Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.Deposition apparatus and deposition methodUS20150171359 *Nov 10, 2014Jun 18, 2015The Regents Of The University Of MichiganExtended oled operational lifetime through phosphorescent dopant profile management* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification428/690, 428/917, 257/40, 313/506, 257/101, 313/504, 257/102, 428/212, 257/80, 257/79International ClassificationH05B33/22, H05B33/12, H01J1/62, H01L51/50, B32B7/02, H01J29/08, H01L51/00, H05B33/18Cooperative ClassificationY10T428/24942, Y10T428/265, Y10T428/26, Y10S428/917, H01L51/5012, H01L51/002European ClassificationH01L51/50E, H01L51/00A6Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionDec 21, 2001ASAssignmentOwner name: SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LABORATORY CO., LTD., JAPANFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SEO, SATOSHI;YAMAZAKI, SHUNPEI;REEL/FRAME:012406/0214;SIGNING DATES FROM 20011207 TO 20011213Jan 16, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal 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