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Home › Safety at work › Construction › Regulation & Guidelines for Construction
Regulation & Guidelines for Construction
The following sections of the Workers Compensation Act and the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation have been identified as being most relevant to your industry. Included are the general requirements that apply to all industrial workplaces as well as any specific requirements for your industry. However, other sections of the WCA or OHS Regulation may also apply to your workplace because hazards and tasks vary from workplace to workplace within the same industry. This compilation of relevant industry sections does not exempt you from other sections that apply to your workplace.
Part 3 Division 2 - Board Mandate Part 3 Division 3 - General Duties of Employers, Workers, and Others
Guidelines Part 3 Division 1 - Interpretation and Purposes
Guidelines Part 3 Division 3 - General Duties of Employers, Workers, and Others
Guideline Part 3 Division 4 - Joint Committees and Worker Representatives
Guidelines Part 3 Division 6 - Prohibition Against Discriminatory Action Guidelines Part 3 Division 9 - Variance Orders
Guideline Part 3 Division 10 - Accident Reporting and Investigation
Guidelines Part 3 Division 11 - Inspections, Investigations, and Inquiries
Guidelines Part 3 Division 12 - Enforcement
Guidelines Part 3 Division 15 - Offences
Guidelines Part 1 Definitions
Part 2 Application
Guidelines Part 2 Application
Part 3 Rights and Responsibilities
Guidelines Part 3 Rights and Responsibilities
Part 4 General Conditions
Guidelines Part 4 General Conditions
6.1 - 6.32 Asbestos
6.33 - 6.40 Biological Agents
6.59 - 6.69 Lead
6.110 - 6.115 Rock Dust
Guidelines G6.1 - G6.31 Asbestos
Guidelines G6.34-1 - G6.40 Biological Agents
Guidelines G6.60 - G6.68 Lead
Guidelines G6.111 - G6.113 Rock Dust Part 7 Noise, Vibration, Radiation and Temperature
7.1 - 7.9 Division 1 - Noise Exposure
7.10 - 7.16 Division 2 - Vibration Exposure
7.26 - 7.38 Division 4 - Thermal Exposure
Guidelines G7.2 - G7.9 Division 1 - Noise Exposure
Guidelines G7.11-1 - G7.16 Division 2 - Vibration exposure
Guidelines G7.27(1) - G7.37-2 Division 4 - Thermal Exposure
Part 8 Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
Guidelines Part 8 Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
Part 9 Confined Spaces
Guidelines Part 9 Confined Spaces
Part 10 De-energization and Lockout
Guidelines Part 10 De-energization and Lockout
Part 11 Fall Protection
Guidelines Part 11 Fall Protection
Part 12 Tools, Machinery and Equipment
12.2 - 12.15 General Requirements
12.16 - 12.21 Guarding Mechanical Power Transmission Parts
12.44 - 12.49 Abrasive Equipment
12.51 - 12.57 Powder Actuated Tools
12.58 - 12.67 Woodworking Tools and Equipment
12.68 - 12.71 Mobile Chippers
12.72 - 12.73 Chain Saws
12.81 - 12.83 Miscellaneous Equipment
12.84 - 12.92 Drilling Rock or Similar Materials
12.97 - 12.111 Abrasive Blasting and High Pressure Washing
12.112 - 12.126 Welding, Cutting and Allied Processes
12.127 - 12.141 Painting, Coating and Work with Plastics and Resins
Guidelines G12.2 - G12.11 General Requirements
Guideline G12.20 Guarding Mechanical Power Transmission Parts
Guideline G12.56 (and 4.3(1)&(2)) Powder Actuated Tools
Guideline G12.102(1) Abrasive Blasting and High Pressure Washing
Guidelines G12.120 - G12.124 Welding, Cutting and Allied Processes
Part 13 Ladders, Scaffolds and Temporary Work Platforms
Guidelines Part 13 Ladders, Scaffolds and Temporary Work Platforms
Part 14 Cranes and Hoists
Guidelines Part 14 Cranes and Hoists
Guidelines Part 15 Rigging Part 16 Mobile Equipment
Guidelines Part 16 Mobile Equipment
Part 17 Transportation of Workers
Guidelines Part 17 Transportation of Workers
Part 18 Traffic Control
Guidelines Part 18 Traffic Control
Part 19 Electrical Safety
19.3 - 19.9 General Electrical Requirements
19.10 - 19.15 Working on Low Voltage Electrical Equipment
19.16 - 19.17 Working on High Voltage Electrical Equipment
19.18 - 19.23 Working on De-energized High Voltage Power Systems
19.24 - 19.29 Minimum Separation Distance to be Maintained from Energized High Voltage Electrical Equipment and Conductors
19.30 - 19.35 Tree Pruning and Falling near Energized Conductors Guidelines G19.1-1 - G19.9 General Electrical Requirements
Guidelines G19.10(2)(a) - G19.15(1) Working on Low Voltage Electrical Equipment
Guidelines G19.16-1 - G19.16-2 Working on High Voltage Electrical Equipment
Guidelines G19.24.1 - G19.29 Minimum Separation Distance to be Maintained from Energized High Voltage Electrical Equipment and Conductors
Guidelines G19.30 - G19.35 Tree Pruning and Falling near Energized Conductors
Part 20 Construction, Excavation and Demolition
Part 21 Blasting Operations
Guidelines Part 21 Blasting Operations
Part 24 Diving, Fishing and Marine Operations
24.7 - 24.34 General Requirements
Guidelines G24.9 - G24.29 General Requirements
Part 27 Wood Products Manufacturing
27.14 - 27.31 Saws and Knives
Part 32 Evacuation and Rescue
Parts of OHS Regulation That Apply to Frame Scaffolding
Part 8: Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
8.2 Responsibility to provide
8.3 Selection, use and maintenance
8.4 Workplace evaluation
8.5 Program
8.6 Annual review
8.7 Instruction
8.8 Supervisor's responsibilities
8.9 Worker's responsibilities 8.10 Personal clothing and accessories
8.11 Safety headgear: General requirement
Guidelines G8.2(3) - G8.10 General Requirements
Guidelines G8.11(2) - G8.11(4) Safety Headgear
Part 11: Fall Protection
11.3 Fall protection plan
11.4 Selection of harness or belt
11.5 Equipment standards
11.6 Anchors
11.7 Temporary horizontal lifelines
11.8 Certification by engineer
11.9 Inspection and maintenance
11.10 Removal from service
Guidelines G11.2-1 to G11.9 Fall protection Part 13: Ladders, Scaffolds and Temporary Work Platforms
13.2 Standards
13.3 Inspections
Division 4 Scaffolds
13.13 Responsibilities
13.14 Scaffold platforms
13.15 Manufactured components
13.16 Lumber for structural components
13.17 Scaffold stability
13.18 Connections
13.19 Electrical hazards
Guidelines G13.1 - G13.2(1)-2 Division 1 - General
Guidelines G13.14 - G13.19 Division 4 - Scaffolds
(1) A worker is responsible for providing
(a) clothing needed for protection against the natural elements,
(b) general purpose work gloves and appropriate footwear including safety footwear, and
(c) safety headgear.
(2) An employer is responsible for providing, at no cost to the worker, all other items of personal protective equipment required by this Regulation.
(3) If the personal protective equipment provided by the employer causes allergenic or other adverse health effects, the employer must provide appropriate alternate equipment or safe measures.
(4) Nothing in this section precludes or alters an existing or future agreement between a worker or workers and an employer to the effect that the employer will be responsible for the provision either at no cost or some cost to the worker, of any or all of the items described in subsection (1).
Note: Part 8 provides requirements for most types of protective clothing and equipment. See Part 7 on Noise for hearing protection requirements.
(1) Personal protective equipment must
(a) be selected and used in accordance with recognized standards, and provide effective protection,
(b) not in itself create a hazard to the wearer,
(c) be compatible, so that one item of personal protective equipment does not make another item ineffective, and
(d) be maintained in good working order and in a sanitary condition.
(2) If the use of personal protective equipment creates hazards equal to or greater than those its use is intended to prevent, alternative personal protective equipment must be used or other appropriate measures must be taken.
If an evaluation of workplace conditions is required to determine appropriate personal protective equipment, the evaluation, where practicable, must be done in consultation with the joint committee or the worker health and safety representative, as applicable, and with the worker who will use the equipment.
If personal protective equipment is required to protect against a chemical exposure or an oxygen deficient atmosphere the employer must implement an effective protective equipment program at the workplace which includes
(a) a statement of purpose and responsibilities,
(b) written procedures for selection, use, inspection, cleaning, maintenance and storage of protective equipment, when required,
(c) instruction and training in the correct use and maintenance of the equipment,
(d) for respirators, medical assessment of respirator wearers, when required,
(e) documentation when required, and
(f) program review.
(1) The personal protective equipment program must be reviewed annually by the employer in consultation with the joint committee or the worker health and safety representative, as applicable.
(2) The annual review must
(a) assess exposure control measures to ensure their continued effectiveness,
(b) determine the need for further control,
(c) ensure the adequacy of instruction, and
(d) for respirators, assess the adequacy of exposure monitoring data and assess the need for further monitoring, and ensure the adequacy of the fit test program.
The employer must ensure that a worker who wears personal protective equipment is adequately instructed in the correct use, limitations and assigned maintenance duties for the equipment to be used.
The supervisor must ensure that appropriate personal protective equipment is
(a) available to workers,
(b) properly worn when required, and
(c) properly cleaned, inspected, maintained and stored.
8.9 Worker's responsibilities
(1) A worker who is required to use personal protective equipment must
(a) use the equipment in accordance with training and instruction,
(b) inspect the equipment before use,
(c) refrain from wearing protective equipment outside of the work area where it is required if to do so would constitute a hazard, and
(d) report any equipment malfunction to the supervisor or employer.
(2) A worker who is assigned responsibility for cleaning, maintaining or storing personal protective equipment must do so in accordance with training and instruction provided.
8.10 Personal clothing and accessories
(1) The personal clothing of a worker must be of a type and in a condition which will not expose the worker to any unnecessary or avoidable hazards.
(2) If there is a danger of contact with moving parts of machinery or with electrically energized equipment, or if the work process presents similar hazards
(a) the clothing of the worker must fit closely about the body,
(b) dangling neckwear, bracelets, wristwatches, rings or similar articles must not be worn, except for medical alert bracelets which may be worn with transparent bands that hold the bracelets snugly to the skin, and
(c) cranial and facial hair must be confined, or worn at a length which will prevent it from being snagged or caught in the work process.
8.11 General requirement
(1) Safety headgear must be worn by a worker in any work area where there is a danger of head injury from falling, flying or thrown objects, or other harmful contacts.
(2) Safety headgear must meet the requirements of
(a) CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z94.1-92, Industrial Protective Headwear,
(b) ANSI Standard Z89.1-1986, American National Standard for Personnel Protection - Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers Requirements, or (c) Japanese Industrial Standard JIS T8131-1990, Industrial Safety Helmets, for Class AB or ABE headgear.
(d) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 312/2003, effective October 29, 2003.]
(3) If a worker may be exposed to an electrical hazard the safety headgear must have an appropriate non-conductive rating.
(4) Chin straps or other effective means of retention must be used on safety headgear when workers are climbing or working from a height exceeding 3 m (10 ft), or are exposed to high winds or other conditions that may cause loss of the headgear.
(5) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 381/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
(6) Damaged headgear or headgear with missing, mismatched, or modified components must be removed from service.
Guidelines Part 8: Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
"anchor" means a secure point of attachment for a lifeline or lanyard;
"fall arrest system" means a system that will stop a worker's fall before the worker hits the surface below;
"fall protection system" means
(a) a fall restraint system,
(b) a fall arrest system, or
(c) work procedures that are acceptable to the Board and minimize the risk of injury to a worker from a fall;
[Amended by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
"fall restraint system" means a system to prevent a worker from falling from a work position, or from travelling to an unguarded edge from which the worker could fall; [Amended by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
"full body harness" means a body support device consisting of connected straps designed to distribute the force resulting from a fall over at least the thigh, shoulders and pelvis, with provision for attaching a lanyard, lifeline or other components; [Amended by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
"horizontal lifeline system" means a system composed of a synthetic or wire rope, installed horizontally between 2 anchors, to which a worker attaches a personal fall protection system;
"lanyard" means a flexible line of webbing, or synthetic or wire rope, that is used to secure a safety belt or full body harness to a lifeline or anchor;
"lifeline" means a synthetic or wire rope, rigged from one or more anchors, to which a worker's lanyard or other part of a personal fall protection system is attached;
"personal fall protection system" means a workers fall restraint system or fall arrest system composed of
(a) a safety belt or full body harness, and
(b) a lanyard, lifeline and any other connecting equipment individual to the worker
that is used to secure the worker to an individual point of anchorage or to a horizontal lifeline system;
"safety belt" means a body support device consisting of a strap with a means for securing it about the waist and attaching it to other components;
[Amended by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.] 11.2 Obligation to use fall protection
(1) Unless elsewhere provided for in this Regulation, an employer must ensure that a fall protection system is used when work is being done at a place
(a) from which a fall of 3 m (10 ft) or more may occur, or
(b) where a fall from a height of less than 3 m involves a risk of injury greater than the risk of injury from the impact on a flat surface.
(2) The employer must ensure that guardrails meeting the requirements of Part 4 (General Conditions) or other similar means of fall restraint are used when practicable. (3) If subsection (2) is not practicable, the employer must ensure that another fall restraint system is used. (4) If subsection (3) is not practicable, the employer must ensure that a fall arrest system is used. (5) If the use of a fall arrest system is not practicable, or will result in a hazard greater than if the system was not used, the employer must ensure that work procedures are followed that are acceptable to the Board and minimize the risk of injury to a worker from a fall. (6) Before a worker is allowed into an area where a risk of falling exists, the employer must ensure that the worker is instructed in the fall protection system for the area and the procedures to be followed. (7) A worker must use the fall protection system provided by the employer. [Amended by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
(1) The employer must have a written fall protection plan for a workplace if
(a) work is being done at a location where workers are not protected by permanent guardrails, and from which a fall of 7.5 m (25 ft) or more may occur, or (b) section 11.2(5) applies. (c) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.] (2) The fall protection plan must be available at the workplace before work with a risk of falling begins. (3) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.] [Amended by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.] 11.4 Selection of harness or belt
(1) A worker must wear a full body harness or other harness acceptable to the Board when using a personal fall protection system for fall arrest.
(2) A worker must wear a safety belt, a full body harness or other harness acceptable to the Board when using a personal fall protection system for fall restraint.
[Enacted by B.C. Reg. 420/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
Equipment used for a fall protection system must (a) consist of compatible and suitable components,
(b) be sufficient to support the fall restraint or arrest forces, and
(c) meet, and be used in accordance with, an applicable CSA or ANSI standard in effect when the equipment was manufactured, subject to any modification or upgrading considered necessary by the Board.
(1) In a temporary fall restraint system, an anchor for a personal fall protection system must have an ultimate load capacity in any direction in which a load may be applied of at least
(a) 3.5 kN (800 lbs), or
(b) four times the weight of the worker to be connected to the system.
(2) Each personal fall protection system that is connected to an anchor must be secured to an independent point of anchorage.
(3) In a temporary fall arrest system, an anchor for a personal fall protection system must have an ultimate load capacity in any direction required to resist a fall of at least
(a) 22 kN (5 000 lbs), or
(b) two times the maximum arrest force.
(4) A permanent anchor for a personal fall protection system must have an ultimate load capacity in any direction required to resist a fall of at least 22 kN (5 000 lbs).
[Amended by B.C. Reg. 19/2006, effective May 17, 2006.]
A temporary horizontal lifeline system may be used if the system is
(a) manufactured for commercial distribution and installed and used in accordance with the written instructions from the manufacturer or authorized agent, and the instructions are readily available in the workplace,
(b) installed and used in accordance with written instructions certified by a professional engineer, and the instructions are readily available in the workplace, or
(c) designed, installed and used in a manner acceptable to the Board.
The following types of equipment and systems, and their installation, must be certified by a professional engineer:
(a) permanent anchors,
(b) anchors with multiple attachment points,
(c) permanent horizontal lifeline systems, and
(d) support structures for safety nets.
Equipment used in a fall protection system must be
(a) inspected by a qualified person before use on each workshift,
(b) kept free from substances and conditions that could contribute to its deterioration, and
(c) maintained in good working order.
(1) After a fall protection system has arrested the fall of a worker, it must
(a) be removed from service, and
(b) not be returned to service until it has been inspected and recertified as safe for use by the manufacturer or its authorized agent, or by a professional engineer.
(2) Subject to subsection (3), subsection (1) (b) does not apply to a personal fall protection system designed and intended for reuse by a performer in the entertainment industry for conducting a planned fall sequence.
(3) The following conditions must be met before a personal fall protection system described in subsection (2) will be exempt from subsection (1) (b):
(a) the system must be designed and used in accordance with a standard acceptable to the Board;
(b) each use of the system must be carried out in accordance with the plan for the conduct of the fall;
(c) the peak arrest forces generated in the system during each use must be at or below both the planned limits and the maximum forces allowed for the system;
(d) after each use of the system no part of the system, including the anchorage, may be reused until a qualified person has inspected it and determined it is in serviceable condition and safe for reuse.
[Amended by B.C. Reg. 320/2007, effective February 1, 2008.]
Guidelines Part 11: Fall Protection
Guidelines G11.2-1 to G11.9 Fall protection Part 13: Ladders, Scaffolds and Temporary Work Platforms 13.1 Definitions In this Part:
"work platform" means an elevated or suspended temporary work surface used for supporting workers and includes a scaffold and boatswain's chair. [Enacted by B.C. Reg. 422/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
(2) In designing and installing a work platform, appropriate safety factors and minimum rated loads must be used in the materials and method of installation, in accordance with
(a) WCB Standard WPL 1, Design, Construction and Use of Wood Frame Scaffolds, 2004,
(b) WCB Standard WPL 2, Design, Construction and Use of Crane Supported Work Platforms, 2004,
(c) WCB Standard WPL 3, Safety Factor and Minimum Breaking Strength for Suspended Work Platforms and Associated Components, 2004, and
(d) WCB Standard LDR 1, Job Built Ladders, 2004.
[Enacted by B.C. Reg. 422/2004, effective January 1, 2005.]
A ladder, window cleaner's belt, work platform and associated components must be inspected before use on each shift, and after any modification, and any condition that might endanger workers must be remedied before the equipment is used.
The employer must ensure that scaffolds used by workers are in a safe condition and are able to withstand the load, regardless of who erected the scaffold.
(b) the open space between the platform and the structure is equal to or less than 30 cm (12 in).
Major components of scaffolds must be used in accordance with technical data provided by the manufacturer, or in writing by a professional engineer, that
(a) shows the rated load, erection procedures and compliance with an applicable standard under section 13.2, and
(b) is available at the workplace for reference.
All lumber used to construct a scaffold must be graded and marked to the National Lumber Grades Authority Standard Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber.
(1) A scaffold must be erected with the vertical members plumb, and with the ledgers and bearers level.
(2) The base of a scaffold must have bearing plates or sills that rest on a solid surface and are sufficient to support the weight of the scaffold.
(3) The poles, legs and uprights of a scaffold must be securely and rigidly braced to prevent movement.
(4) A scaffold must be effectively guyed or secured to a building or structure
(a) if the height of the scaffold exceeds 3 times its minimum base dimension, or
(b) in any other circumstances if required for stability.
(5) Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, height adjustment devices must not extend more than 2/3 of their total length or 60 cm (24 in), whichever is less.
All connections between the parts of a scaffold must be secure.