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Timestamp: 2017-11-20 20:42:16
Document Index: 504662836

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2007', 'Application No. 2007138433', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2005', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60']

Reducing mercury emissions from the burning of coal - NOx II, Ltd.
United States Patent 8920158
Comrie, Douglas C. (Cape Coral, FL, US)
14/163671
NOx II, Ltd. (Port Clinton, OH, US)
44/620, 44/621, 110/203, 110/342, 423/210, 423/242.1, 588/256, 588/257, 588/404, 588/412
B01D53/50; B01D53/64; C04B18/06; C04B28/04; C04B40/00; C10L9/10; C10L10/00; F23B90/00; F23B99/00; F23J7/00; F23J15/00; F23K1/00
44/620, 44/621, 588/256, 588/257, 588/404, 588/412, 110/203, 110/342, 431/2, 423/210, 423/242.1
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This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/958,950 filed on Aug. 5, 2013 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,658,115 B2 which issued Feb. 25, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/530,364 filed on Jun. 22, 2012 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,501,128 issued Aug. 6, 2013; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/098,973 filed May 2, 2011 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,226,913 issued Jul. 24, 2012; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/813,214 filed Jun. 10, 2010 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,955,577 issued Jun. 7, 2011; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/886,269 filed Sep. 13, 2007 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,758,827, which issued Jul. 20, 2010; which is the National Phase filing of PCT/US2006/010000 filed Mar. 16, 2006; which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/765,944 filed Feb. 7, 2006 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/759,994 filed Jan. 18, 2006; and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/742,154 filed Dec. 2, 2005 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/662,911 filed Mar. 17, 2005. The entire disclosures of each of the above applications are hereby incorporated by reference.
1. A method of reducing sulfur and mercury emissions that arise from combustion of coal, comprising burning the coal in the presence of 1) a mercury sorbent comprising a halogen compound and 2) an alkaline powder sorbent comprising a calcium powder and an aluminosilicate material, wherein the powder sorbent comprises sufficient silica and alumina to form a refractory mixture with calcium sulfate produced by combustion of the coal in the presence of the calcium powder.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mercury sorbent comprises a bromine compound or an iodine compound.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mercury sorbent comprises calcium bromide.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mercury sorbent comprises sodium iodide.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkaline powder sorbent comprises greater than 5% by weight silica and greater than 5% by weight alumina.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkaline powder sorbent comprises kaolin.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkaline powder sorbent comprises calcium montmorillonite.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkaline powder sorbent comprises metakaolin.
9. The method of claim 1, comprising applying the mercury sorbent onto coal before combustion.
10. The method of claim 1, comprising delivering the alkaline powder sorbent into the furnace during combustion.
11. The method of claim 1, comprising adding the alkaline powder sorbent in a location downstream of the furnace where the temperature is greater than 500° C.
12. The method of claim 1, comprising adding the alkaline powder sorbent in a location downstream of the furnace where the temperature is greater than 800° C.
13. The method of claim 1, comprising adding the alkaline powder sorbent in a location downstream of the furnace where the temperature is 1500° F. to 2700° F.
14. A method of reducing sulfur and mercury emissions arising from combustion of coal, comprising burning the coal in a coal burning facility in the presence of sorbent components comprising a halogen compound, a calcium powder, and an aluminosilicate material, wherein: 1) an alkaline powder sorbent comprising the calcium powder and the aluminosilicate material is added into the facility at a location where the temperature is greater than 500° C., and 2) the alkaline powder sorbent comprises greater than 5% by weight silica and greater than 5% by weight alumina.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the temperature at the location where the alkaline powder sorbent is added is greater than 800° C.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the temperature at the location where the alkaline powder sorbent is added is 1500-2700° F.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the alkaline powder sorbent comprises an aluminosilicate clay.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the halogen compound comprises calcium bromide.
19. The method of claim 14, wherein the halogen compound comprises sodium iodide.
20. The method of claim 14, comprising adding a mercury sorbent comprising the halogen compound onto the coal before the coal is delivered into a furnace of the coal burning facility.
Alternatively or in addition, sorbent components are added into the coal burning system by injecting them into the furnace during combustion of the fuel. In a preferred embodiment, they are injected into the fireball or close to the fireball, for example where the temperature is above 2000° F., above 2300° F., or above 2700° F. According to the design of the burners and the operating parameters of the furnace, effective sorbent addition takes place along with the fuel, with the primary combustion air, above the flame, with or above the overtire air, and so on. Also depending on the furnace design and operation, sorbents are injected from one or more faces of the furnace and/or from one or more corners of the furnace. Addition of sorbent compositions and sorbent components tends to be most effective when the temperature at injection is sufficiently high and/or the aerodynamics of the burners and furnace set up lead to adequate mixing of the powder sorbents with the fuel and/or combustion products. Alternatively or in addition, sorbent addition is made to the convective pathway downstream of the flame and furnace. In various embodiments, optimum injection or application points for sorbents are found by modeling the furnace and choosing parameters (rate of injection, place of injection, distance above the flame, distance from the wall, mode of powder spraying, and the like) that give the best mixing of sorbent, coal, and combustion products for the desired results.
Coal Type Composition % S reduction # Hg Reduction
Liquid sorbent Powder sorbent S Hg
EPA Baseline - prior to Test - with
Threshold Limit sorbent addition sorbent addition
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