Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP3740375B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-04-09 18:36:46
Document Index: 745855439

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 23', 'art 22', 'arts 22']

JP3740375B2 - AC generator for vehicles - Google Patents
JP3740375B2
JP3740375B2 JP2001053017A JP2001053017A JP3740375B2 JP 3740375 B2 JP3740375 B2 JP 3740375B2 JP 2001053017 A JP2001053017 A JP 2001053017A JP 2001053017 A JP2001053017 A JP 2001053017A JP 3740375 B2 JP3740375 B2 JP 3740375B2
JP2001053017A
JP2002262530A (en
健治 宮田
薫 川端
牧　晃司
和雄 田原
良一 高畑
2001-02-27 Application filed by 株式会社日立製作所 filed Critical 株式会社日立製作所
2001-02-27 Priority to JP2001053017A priority Critical patent/JP3740375B2/en
2002-09-13 Publication of JP2002262530A publication Critical patent/JP2002262530A/en
2006-02-01 Publication of JP3740375B2 publication Critical patent/JP3740375B2/en
The present invention relates to a vehicular AC generator, and more particularly to a vehicular AC generator provided with a permanent magnet for auxiliary excitation.
In general, an AC generator for a vehicle is composed of a rotor and a stator. In general, the rotor has a pair of claw-shaped magnetic poles arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of claw portions respectively provided on the claw-shaped magnetic poles. And a field winding that magnetizes the pair of claw-shaped magnetic poles to N and S poles by passing a current. The stator is obtained by winding a stator winding for output around a stator core, and the previous rotor rotates relative to the stator.
With such a structure, the magnetic flux emitted from the claw-shaped magnetic pole magnetized at the N pole forms a magnetic circuit that returns to the claw-shaped magnetic pole magnetized at the S pole via the stator core, and the magnetic flux of this magnetic circuit is the stator. On the stator windingLinkageIn addition, when the rotor rotates, an alternating induced voltage is generated in the stator winding.
Here, in the vehicular AC generator having such a structure, for example, by interposing a permanent magnet for auxiliary excitation between the claw-shaped magnetic poles, the leakage magnetic flux between the claw-shaped magnetic poles is reduced, and the field winding The magnetic flux is increased to improve the output of the generator. As such a vehicle AC generator in which the permanent magnets for auxiliary excitation are arranged between the claw-shaped magnetic poles, there is a vehicle AC generator described in JP-A-11-318064, for example.
Usually, the claw portion of the claw-shaped magnetic pole is formed in a substantially triangular shape so that the tip of the claw-shaped magnetic pole has a thin tip, in order to reduce the weight of the tip. This is because the claw part of the claw-shaped magnetic pole has a cantilever support structure, so that the tip part of the claw part is prevented from rising up in the radial direction of the rotor due to centrifugal force when the rotor rotates at high speed. It is because it is considered. Therefore, when a permanent magnet having a relatively large radial thickness is disposed between the claw-shaped magnetic poles, a portion of the permanent magnet that does not come into contact with the claw portion on the circumferential side surface (that is, the magnetic pole surface) of the rotor. As a result, the magnetic resistance to the magnetic circuit created by the permanent magnet increases, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet may not be effectively utilized.
Also in the above prior art, the axial cross-sectional shape of the claw rotor is substantially triangular so that the tip is thin. Further, in this prior art, a permanent magnet having a relatively thin rotor in the radial direction is used, but no particular consideration is given to the shape of the contact surface of the claw portion with the permanent magnet. In the vicinity of the tip of the portion, there is a portion that does not contact the claw portion on the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet may not be effectively utilized.
An object of the present invention is to provide an automotive alternator that can improve the output by effectively utilizing the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet disposed between claw magnetic poles.
(1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides:An AC generator for a vehicle includes a stator having a stator core and a stator winding wound around the stator core, and a rotor provided rotatably on the stator via a gap. The rotor includes a pair of claw magnetic poles arranged to face each other, a field winding attached to the claw magnetic poles, and a plurality of permanent magnets attached to the claw magnetic poles. Each of the claw magnetic poles includes a plurality of claws each having a side surface facing the rotation direction of the rotor, a cantilevered root portion, and a tip portion whose rotor radial thickness is thinner than the root portion. The claw portions of one claw magnetic pole and the claw portions of the other claw magnetic pole are alternately arranged in the rotor rotation direction, and the permanent magnet has a magnetic pole surface in the rotor rotation direction. The thickness in the direction and the rotor radial direction is thicker than the tip of the claw, and the magnetic pole surface is The claw portion is disposed between the claw portions adjacent to each other in the rotor rotation direction so as to face the side surface of the claw portion, and between the side surface of the claw portion and the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet, There is provided an auxiliary magnetic pole portion that is in contact with a non-opposing portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet with respect to the magnetic pole surface, and allows a magnetic flux emitted from the non-opposing portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet to the side surface of the claw portion to flow into the claw portion.
As described above, the claw portion of the claw-shaped magnetic pole is normally formed in a substantially triangular shape so that the axial cross-sectional shape of the rotor is narrow, so that the rotor has a relatively radial thickness. When a thick permanent magnet is disposed between the claw-shaped magnetic poles, a portion that does not contact the claw portion is generated on the circumferential side surface (magnetic pole surface) of the rotor of the permanent magnet. That is, since the magnetic resistance to the magnetic circuit created by the permanent magnet increases, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet may not be used effectively.
Therefore, in the present invention,Auxiliary magnetic pole part that contacts the non-opposing part of the permanent magnet with respect to the side surface of the claw part that is formed so that the tip is thin (that is, the part that does not contact the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet that occurs on the side surface of the claw part described above) is provided. The magnetic pole portion causes a magnetic flux from a portion that has not conventionally been in contact with the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet on the side surface of the claw portion to flow into the claw portion.Thereby, since almost all the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet enters the claw portion, the magnetic resistance acting on the magnetic circuit made by the permanent magnet can be reduced. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet disposed between the claw magnetic poles can be used effectively, and the output of the vehicle alternator can be improved.
(2) In the above (1), preferably,The auxiliary magnetic pole portion is integrally formed with the claw portion, covers the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet, and contacts the entire surface of the magnetic pole surface.
(3) Above (1), PreferablyThe auxiliary magnetic pole portion is an auxiliary magnetic pole plate that is interposed between the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet and the side surface of the claw portion and covers the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet and contacts the entire surface of the magnetic pole surface.
(4) Above (2) And preferablyThe auxiliary magnetic pole portion is formed such that the width dimension on the radially outer side of the rotor is relatively thicker than the width dimension on the radially inner side of the rotor.
(5) Above (1)-(4), More preferably, the claw portion has a magnet holding portion for holding the permanent magnet.
(6) Above (1)-(5), And preferably, a protective member is disposed at least radially outside the rotor of the permanent magnet.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a first embodiment of an automotive alternator according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the vehicle alternator according to the present embodiment includes a rotor 1 and a stator 2 as main components. The rotor 1 includes a shaft (rotating shaft) 3, a yoke 4 inserted through the rotation center of the shaft 3, and a shaft 3 inserted through the rotation center. And a pair of claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B, each of which is made of a magnetic material, and a field winding 6 wound around the yoke 4. ing.
The claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B are provided with a plurality of claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1, these claw portions 5 </ b> Aa and 5 </ b> Ba are arranged so as to alternately overlap in the axial direction of the rotor 1 (left and right direction in FIG. 1) when viewed from the circumferential direction of the rotor 1. Between the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba adjacent in the circumferential direction of the child 1, auxiliary magnets 7 for auxiliary excitation are respectively disposed. The field winding 6 wound around the yoke 4 is located on the radially inner side of the rotor 1 with a predetermined gap space with respect to the claws 5Aa and 5Ba.
The shaft 3 described above has a bearing 9A near the end on one side (left side in FIG. 1) and a bearing 9B on the other side (left side in FIG. 1) with respect to the generator body composed of end brackets 8A and 8B. It is supported rotatably. Further, a pulley 10 is fastened by a bolt 11 to one end (left side in FIG. 1) of the shaft 3, and slip rings 12a and 12b are provided near the other end (left side in FIG. 1). Is provided. The pulley 10 is connected to, for example, an engine crank pulley (not shown) by a belt or the like.
Further, brushes 13a and 13b are provided in the end bracket 8B so as to be in sliding contact with the outer circumferences of the slip rings 12a and 12b, and the rotation rotates through the brushes 13a and 13b and the slip rings 12a and 12b. Electric power is supplied to the field winding 6 of the child 1. By energizing the field winding 6 in this manner, the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5A of the rotor 1 is magnetized to the S pole and the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5B is magnetized to the N pole.
The stator 2 described above is provided on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotor 1 (upper and lower sides when viewed in FIG. 1) so as to be sandwiched between the end brackets 8A and 8B with a small gap from the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba. The stator core 14 and an output stator winding 15 wound around the stator core 14 in three phases. The rotor 1 rotates relative to the stator 2. It has become. That is, the stator 2 forms a magnetic circuit in which the magnetic flux emitted from the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5B magnetized to the N pole as described above returns to the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5A magnetized to the S pole via the stator core 14. The magnetic circuit magnetic flux crosses the stator winding 15 and the rotor 1 rotates, whereby an alternating induced voltage is generated in the stator winding 15.
A rectifier circuit 16 and a voltage regulator 17 are provided in the end bracket 8B. The rectifier circuit 16 has a battery terminal 18 connected to the positive electrode of a battery (not shown) and a ground terminal 19 connected to the negative electrode of the battery (not shown), and the stator as described above. The AC induced voltage generated in the winding 15 is rectified and converted to a DC voltage. Further, the voltage regulator 17 charges the load current and the rotor 1 so that the DC voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit 16 is maintained at a constant voltage of, for example, about 14.5 V in order to charge the battery (not shown). The current supplied to the field winding 6 is controlled according to the number of rotations.
In addition, cooling fans 20a and 20b for air-cooling the stator 2 and the rectifier circuit 16 are respectively provided on both sides of the rotor 1 in the axial direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1). It can be obtained in proportion to the number.
In the present embodiment configured as described above, the greatest feature of the present invention is that the aforementioned claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba of the rotor 1 are brought into contact with the entire circumferential side surface (ie, magnetic pole surface) of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7. This is the shape.
2 is a side view showing the detailed structure of the claw portion 5Aa, and FIG. 3 is a view showing the positional relationship between the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba and the permanent magnet 7, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the III-III section in FIG. It is. In FIG. 3, the claw portions 5 </ b> Aa and 5 </ b> Ba are shown one by one for preventing congestion.
That is, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba are formed on the shaft of the rotor 1 as in the conventional case as shown by the broken lines in FIG. The cross section in the direction (left and right direction in FIG. 2) is formed in a triangular shape so that the cross section becomes narrower toward the tip direction (right direction in FIG. 2). In the permanent magnet 7, the circumferential direction (left and right direction in FIG. 3) side surface (magnetic pole surface) of the rotor 1 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and the axial direction of the rotor 1 of the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba as described above. It is interposed between the overlapping parts (in the left-right direction in FIG. 2).
At this time, on both sides of the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba in the circumferential direction (left and right direction in FIG. 3) of the rotor 1 (that is, the overlapping portions of the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba), An auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21 that is in contact is provided. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21 is formed so as to have substantially the same shape as the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 and is in close contact with the permanent magnet 7. In the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba, projecting collar portions 22 are provided on the radially outer side (upper side in FIG. 3) of the rotor 1 at both ends in the circumferential direction (left and right direction in FIG. 3) of the rotor 1. Consideration is made to prevent the permanent magnet 7 from popping out due to the rotation of the rotor 1.
Next, the operation of the vehicular AC generator configured as described above will be described.
As described above, first, electric power is supplied to the field winding 6 of the rotor 1 that is rotated by receiving power from an engine (not shown), for example, via the brushes 13a and 13b and the slip rings 12a and 12b. One claw-shaped magnetic pole 5A is magnetized to the S pole, and the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5B is magnetized to the N pole. The magnetic flux emitted from the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5B magnetized to the N pole forms a magnetic circuit in the stator 2 that returns to the claw-shaped magnetic pole 5A magnetized to the S pole via the stator core 14. At this time, the magnetic circuit formed by the field winding 6 is magnetized by applying the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 for auxiliary excitation. The magnetic flux of this magnetic circuit is applied to the stator winding 15.LinkageThen, an AC induced voltage is generated in the stator winding 15 wound around the stator core 15 in three phases by the rotation of the rotor 1.
Finally, the generated voltage is rectified by the rectifier circuit 16 and converted into a DC voltage, and charged to a battery (not shown). At this time, in order to charge the battery (not shown) rectified by the rectifier circuit 16, the load current and the rotational speed of the rotor 1 are maintained so that the generated voltage is maintained at a constant voltage of about 14.5V, for example. Accordingly, the current supplied to the field winding 6 is controlled by the voltage regulator 17.
Here, the operation of the present embodiment will be sequentially described below.
Normally, the claw portion of the claw-shaped magnetic pole is formed in a substantially triangular shape so that the axial cross-sectional shape of the rotor becomes narrower, so that a permanent magnet having a relatively thick radial thickness is clawed. When arranged between the magnetic poles, a portion that does not contact the claw portion is formed on the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet. That is, since the magnetic resistance to the magnetic circuit created by the permanent magnet increases, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet may not be used effectively.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba of the claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B are formed so as to be in contact with the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7, so that almost all of the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet 7 is removed. 5Aa and 5Ba can be introduced. Thereby, since the magnetic resistance which acts on the magnetic circuit made by the permanent magnet 7 can be reduced and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 can be used effectively, the output of the vehicle alternator can be improved. .
(2) Lower prices
Further, in the present embodiment, even if the permanent magnet 7 is downsized by the action (1), the magnetic flux can be used effectively and the output can be improved efficiently. The manufacturing cost can be reduced.
(3) Suppression of high temperature demagnetization
For example, when a neodymium magnet is used as a permanent magnet for auxiliary excitation, the inflection point of the irreversible demagnetization point changes as the temperature rises. Therefore, when the permeance coefficient is low, the magnetic flux density becomes low (high temperature demagnetization). is there. In this case, if a claw-shaped magnetic pole that does not contact the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet is used as in the conventional case, the magnetic resistance to the magnetic flux of the portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet that does not contact the claw-shaped magnetic pole increases. In some cases, the permeance coefficient decreased.
Here, the operating point of a permanent magnet whose magnetic poles are not in contact with a magnetic material and the operating point of a magnet whose magnetic poles are in contact with a magnetic material are usually the magnets whose both magnetic poles are in contact with the magnetic material. The permeance coefficient is high, and the magnetic flux density at the operating point is high. In the present embodiment, since both the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 7 are in contact with the entire claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B (strictly, the auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21), the influence on high temperature demagnetization can be reduced. The margin for demagnetization of the permanent magnet 7 can be increased.
(4) Easy magnetizing of permanent magnets
As a method for manufacturing an AC generator for vehicles, in consideration of prevention of adhesion of iron powder such as metal scrap, a permanent magnet for auxiliary excitation is arranged between the claw-shaped magnetic poles in an unmagnetized state, and the rotor After adjusting the rotation balance, it is generally performed to magnetize a permanent magnet by, for example, an external magnetizing yoke (not shown) at the final stage of the rotor manufacturing process. In this embodiment, in such a case, the claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B (strictly claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba) made of a magnetic material are in contact with the entire circumferential side surface of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7. Therefore, a sufficient magnetic flux can be passed through the non-magnetized permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 7 can be easily magnetized.
In the present embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 3, the auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21 provided on the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba has a thickness (width in the left-right direction in FIG. 3) of approximately Although formed so as to be constant, as shown in FIG. 4, the root is slightly compared with the width dimension W <b> 1 on the tip side (that is, the lower side in FIG. 4, in other words, the inner side in the radial direction of the rotor 1). By forming the auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21 'so that the width W2 on the side (that is, the upper side in FIG. 4, in other words, the radially outer side of the rotor 1) is relatively thick, the mechanical strength of the auxiliary magnetic pole portion is improved. In addition, the flow of magnetic flux flowing from the permanent magnet 7 can be smoothed.
In FIG. 4, the collar portion 22 ′ is chamfered (beveled), and the magnetic force between the claw portions 5 Aa and 5 Ba and the stator core 14 when the rotor 1 rotates. Intermittent interruption is smooth. As a result, magnetic flux pulsations in the gaps between the stator 2 and the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba are reduced, so that magnetic vibration can be suppressed and noise can be reduced.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a detailed structure of a portion corresponding to part A in FIG. 3 of the first embodiment described above.
A second embodiment of the automotive alternator of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 shows claw portions 5Aa of claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in the second embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention.1, 5Ba1It is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Further, in FIG. 5 as well as FIG. 3, the claw portion 5Aa is used for preventing the congestion.1, 5Ba1Is shown for each pole.
Although not shown in particular to prevent congestion, the claw portion 5Aa1, 5Ba1As in the prior art, the cross section of the rotor 1 in the axial direction (in the direction orthogonal to the plane of the paper in FIG. 5) is formed in a substantially triangular shape so that the tip is narrow, except for the collar portion 22. And as shown in FIG. 5, in this Embodiment, nail | claw part 5Aa of such a shape1, 5Ba1And the permanent magnet 7 are in contact with the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 and an auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 made of a magnetic material is interposed. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
In the present embodiment, as described above, the claw portion 5Aa1, 5Ba1By interposing the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 in contact with the entire magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet 7 between the permanent magnet 7 and the permanent magnet 7, almost all of the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet 7 passes through the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23. Since 5A and 5B are entered, the magnetic resistance acting on the magnetic circuit formed by the permanent magnet 7 can be reduced. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 disposed between the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B can be effectively utilized, and the output of the vehicle alternator can be improved.
When the permanent magnet 7 is magnetized in the present embodiment, the claw portion 5Aa adjacent to the one having the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 bonded in advance to the magnetized surface (both left and right in FIG. 5) of the permanent magnet 7 is used.1, 5Ba1It arrange | positions in between and is magnetized by the outside magnetizing yoke (not shown) after that. As described above, this magnetization is preferably performed at the final stage of the manufacturing process of the rotor 1 after the cooling fans 20a and 20b (see FIG. 1) are mounted and balanced. By following such a procedure, it is possible to prevent adhesion of iron powder such as metal scrap, and to provide a highly reliable vehicle AC generator.
A third embodiment of an automotive alternator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 shows claw portions 5Aa of claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in the third embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention.2, 5Ba2It is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Also in FIG. 6, as in FIG. 3, the claw portion 5 </ b> Aa for preventing congestion2, 5Ba2Is shown for each pole.
Although not shown in particular to prevent congestion, the claw portion 5Aa2, 5Ba2Are formed such that the radially inner surface (lower side in FIG. 6) of the rotor 1 is substantially parallel to the radially outer surface (upper side in FIG. 6) of the rotor 1. That is, the claw portion 5Aa2, 5Ba2The overall thickness is substantially the same from the tip to the base, and the cross-sectional shape of the rotor 1 in the axial direction (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 6) is substantially rectangular.
With such a structure, the circumferential direction (left-right direction in FIG. 6) side surface (magnetic pole surface) of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7 is a claw portion 5Aa made of a magnetic material.2, 5Ba2Is in close contact with the entire surface. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same effects are obtained in this embodiment.
In addition, this Embodiment is suitable for the alternating current generator for vehicles used for a construction machine etc., for example. That is, the claw portion 5Aa2, 5Ba2Since the tip portion is formed with substantially the same thickness as the root portion, the weight of the tip portion is the claw portion 5Aa, 5Ba, 5Aa used in the first and second embodiments.1, 5Ba1Since it is heavier than the rotor 1, there is a possibility that the rotor 1 (see FIG. 1) rotates and rises radially outward (upper side in FIG. 6). Etc. normally rotate at a constant speed at a relatively small rotational speed of about 3000 to 4000 rpm, so that the claw portion 5Aa against centrifugal force.2, 5Ba2The stress acting on the base part of the nail is small and the claw part 5Aa2, 5Ba2Is unlikely to get up as described above. In addition, the claw portion 5Aa in the present embodiment having the above shape2, 5Ba2Since the flow of the magnetic flux flowing in from the permanent magnet 7 is smooth, it is suitable for a vehicle AC generator used for a construction machine or the like that requires a high output.
Further, when the vehicle alternator of the third embodiment is rotated at a high speed, as shown in FIG. 7, each claw portion 5Aa2, 5Ba2May be connected by, for example, a substantially ring-shaped connecting ring 24 from the radially inner side of the rotor 1. This connecting ring 24 is connected to each claw portion 5Aa.2, 5Ba2On the other hand, they are fixed by screws 25 (the fixing method is not particularly limited to this, and may be fixed by, for example, welding). At this time, it is desirable that the connection ring 24 is made of a non-magnetic material and the screw 25 is made of a magnetic material. In FIG. 7, the permanent magnet 7 is not shown in order to prevent congestion..
Here, when the permanent magnet 7 is broken for some reason by disposing a magnet cover as a protective member at least on the radially outer side of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7, the permanent is broken by the rotation of the rotor 1. It is possible to prevent the magnet 7 from jumping out of the rotor 1.
Below, the modification which provided the magnet cover in the alternating current generator for vehicles of this invention is demonstrated one by one.
FIG. 8 shows the claw portions 5Aa and 5Ba of the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B and the permanent magnet 7 provided in the modification in which the magnet cover is provided in the first embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention described above. It is a figure showing arrangement | positioning relationship with these, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Also in FIG. 8, like FIG. 3, the claw portions 5 </ b> Aa and 5 </ b> Ba are illustrated by one pole for preventing congestion.
In FIG. 8, the radially outer surface of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7 is in close contact with the magnet cover 26 having substantially the same shape. The magnet cover 26 is preferably made of a non-magnetic material having good rust prevention properties such as stainless steel so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 disposed between the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B acts effectively. In this modification, the magnet cover 26 is held by the claw portion 22, and even when the magnet cover 26 is provided in this way, the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 is claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B (strictly, claw Part 5Aa, 5Ba).
FIG. 9 shows claw portions 5Aa of claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in a modification in which a magnet cover is provided in the third embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention described above.2, 5Ba2It is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Also in FIG. 9, as in FIG. 6, the claw portion 5 </ b> Aa for preventing congestion2, 5Ba2Is shown for each pole.
Also in FIG. 9, as in the modification described above with reference to FIG. 8, the radially outer surface of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7 is in close contact with the magnet cover 26 having substantially the same shape. The magnet cover 26 is preferably made of a non-magnetic material having good rust prevention properties such as stainless steel so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 disposed between the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B acts effectively. In this modification, the magnet cover 26 is held by the claw portion 22, and even when the magnet cover 26 is provided in this way, the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 is claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B (strictly, claw Part 5Aa2, 5Ba2).
Also in this modification, each claw portion 5Aa is provided by the connecting ring 24 described in FIG.2, 5Ba2Can be accommodated even when the rotor 1 is rotated at a high speed.
In the above two modified examples, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and if the permanent magnet 7 is broken for some reason, the permanent magnet 7 is broken by the rotation of the rotor 1. Can be prevented from jumping out of the rotor 1.
Further, when the permanent magnet 7 is magnetized in the above two modified examples, the claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B adjacent to each other with the magnet cover 26 bonded in advance to the radially outer surface of the rotor 1 of the permanent magnet 7 are used. It arrange | positions in between and is magnetized by the outside magnetizing yoke (not shown) after that. As described above, this magnetization is desirably performed at the final stage of the manufacturing process of the rotor 1, and in this case, adhesion of iron powder such as metal scraps can be prevented, and the AC power generation for the vehicle having high reliability. Can be a machine.
In the above two modifications, the plate-like magnet cover 26 protects the outer surface of the permanent magnet 7 in the radial direction of the rotor 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, since the surfaces other than the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 do not affect the magnetic characteristics, the magnet cover may be shaped so as to surround, for example, four surfaces other than the magnetic pole surface. Various modifications may be made without departing from the technical idea thereof. Below, the modification of the alternating current generator for vehicles of this invention which provided the magnet cover surrounding four surfaces other than the magnetic pole surface of such a permanent magnet 7 is demonstrated using FIG.10 and FIG.11.
FIG. 10 shows the claw portions 5Aa of the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in the modified example in which the magnet cover is provided in the second embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention described above.1, 5Ba1It is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the entire structure of the magnet cover. In FIG. 10, the same parts as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Also in FIG. 10, as in FIG. 5, the claw portion 5 </ b> Aa for preventing congestion.1, 5Ba1Is shown for each pole.
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the magnet cover 26 </ b> A has a frame shape that surrounds four surfaces other than the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7, and is in close contact with the four surfaces other than the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 as much as possible. The inner peripheral side wall surface is processed with high accuracy. Further, it is desirable that the magnet cover 26A is also made of a non-magnetic material having good rust prevention properties such as stainless steel so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7 disposed between the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B acts effectively. Also in this modification, the magnet cover 26A is held by the claw portion 22, and even when the magnet cover 26A is provided in this way, the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 is claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A and 5B (strictly, claw Part 5Aa1, 5Ba1).
Also in this modified example, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and if the permanent magnet 7 is broken for some reason, the broken permanent magnet 7 is rotated by the rotation of the rotor 1. Jumping out from the child 1 can be prevented.
When magnetizing the permanent magnet 7 in the present embodiment, first, the non-magnetized permanent magnet 7 is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the magnet cover 26A formed in a frame shape, and the permanent magnet 7 is in this state. Auxiliary magnetic pole plates 23, 23 are arranged on the magnetic pole surfaces. As can be seen from FIG. 10, the size of the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 is substantially the same as that of the side surface in the circumferential direction (left and right direction in FIG. 10) of the rotor 1 of the magnet cover 26 </ b> A. The plates 23 and 23 are accurately accommodated on the inner wall surface of a box formed by connecting, for example, by welding.
And in the state which assembled magnet cover 26A, auxiliary magnetic pole plates 23 and 23, and permanent magnet 7, these auxiliary magnetic pole plates 23 and 23 are claw part 5Aa.1, 5Ba1Adjacent nail part 5Aa1, 5Ba1It arrange | positions in between and is magnetized by the outside magnetizing yoke (not shown) after that. This magnetization is desirably performed at the final stage of the manufacturing process of the rotor 1 as described above. By following such a procedure, it is possible to prevent adhesion of iron powder such as metal scrap, and to provide a highly reliable vehicle AC generator.
Needless to say, the above-described magnet covers 26 and 26A can be arbitrarily combined with the first to third embodiments described above.
In addition, here, by providing a magnet holding part for mechanically holding the permanent magnet at a portion in contact with the permanent magnet, such as the rotor circumferential side surface of the claw part, the auxiliary magnetic pole part, and the auxiliary magnetic pole plate, The permanent magnets can be prevented from falling off between the claw magnetic poles, and workability such as assembly work of the rotor and magnetizing work of the permanent magnets can be improved.
Below, the modification which provided the magnet holding | maintenance part in the alternating current generator for vehicles of this invention is demonstrated one by one.
FIG. 12 shows claw portions 5Aa of claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in the modified example in which the magnet holding portion is provided in the first embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention described above.Three, 5BaThreeIt is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Further, in FIG. 12, as in FIG. 3, the claw portion 5Aa is used for preventing congestion.Three, 5BaThreeIs shown for each pole.
As shown in FIG. 12, in this modification, magnet holding portions 21Aa are respectively connected to the claw portions 22 at the radially inner end (lower side in FIG. 12) of the rotor 1 of each auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21A. The permanent magnet 7 is sandwiched between them. Even when the magnet holding portion 21Aa is provided in this way, the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 is claw-shaped magnetic poles 5A, 5B (strictly, the claw portion 5AaThree, 5BaThree). Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Needless to say, the magnet holder 21Aa of the present modification can also be applied to the third embodiment described above.
FIG. 13 shows the claw portions 5Aa of the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in the modified example in which the magnet holding portion is provided in the second embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention described above.1, 5Ba1It is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Also in FIG. 13, as in FIG. 5, the claw portion 5 </ b> Aa for preventing congestion.1, 5Ba1Is shown for each pole.
As shown in FIG. 13, in this modification, magnet holding portions 23 </ b> Aa are respectively connected to the claw portions 22 at the radially inner end (lower side in FIG. 13) of the rotor 1 of each auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 </ b> A. The permanent magnet 7 is sandwiched between them. Even when the magnet holding portion 23Aa is provided in this way, the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 is in contact with the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23A. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
FIG. 14 shows claw portions 5Aa of claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B provided in another modification in which the magnet holding portion is provided in the second embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention described above.1, 5Ba1It is a figure showing the arrangement | positioning relationship with a permanent magnet 7, and is a figure corresponding to previous FIG. The same parts as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the previous drawings are also referred to as necessary. Further, in FIG. 14 as well as in FIG.1, 5Ba1Is shown for each pole.
As shown in FIG. 14, in this modification, magnets are respectively held at the radially inner (lower side in FIG. 13) and outer (upper side in FIG. 13) ends of the rotor 1 of each auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23B. The portions 23Ba and 23Bb are provided so as to sandwich the permanent magnet 7. And the magnet holding | maintenance part 23Bb is hold | maintained by the nail | claw part 22. FIG. Even when the magnet holding portions 23Ba and 23Bb are provided in this way, the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 7 is in contact with the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23B. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
When the permanent magnet 7 is magnetized in the two modified examples described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14, auxiliary magnetic poles are previously formed on the magnetized surfaces of the permanent magnet 7 (both left and right in FIGS. 13 and 14). Adjacent claw portion 5Aa to which plates 23A and 23B are bonded1, 5Ba1It arrange | positions in between and is magnetized by the external magnetizing yoke (not shown) outside. This magnetization is also desirably performed at the final stage of the manufacturing process of the rotor 1 as described above. By following such a procedure, it is possible to prevent adhesion of iron powder such as metal scrap, and to provide a highly reliable vehicle AC generator. In particular, in the modification described with reference to FIG. 14, the shape of the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 </ b> B in the vertical direction in the drawing is substantially the same, so that the auxiliary magnetic pole plate 23 </ b> B bonded to the magnetized surface of the permanent magnet 7 is claw-shaped. When it is arranged between the magnetic poles 5A and 5B, it is not necessary to care about the vertical direction, and workability is improved.
In the above three modified examples, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and the permanent magnet 7 when not magnetized falls from the claw magnetic poles 5A and 5B to the field winding 6 side. This can be prevented, and workability such as assembly work of the rotor 1 and magnetizing work of the permanent magnet 7 can be improved.
In practice, the rotor circumferential side surface of the claw part, the auxiliary magnetic pole part, the auxiliary magnetic pole plate, etc. are formed so as to be strictly in contact with the entire magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet due to processing tolerance, surface roughness, etc. When viewed microscopically, the rotor circumferential side surface of the claw part, the auxiliary magnetic pole part, the auxiliary magnetic pole plate, etc. are not completely in contact with the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet (it remains almost covered). In these cases, however, the rotor circumferential side surface of the claw, the auxiliary magnetic pole portion, the auxiliary magnetic pole plate, etc. are substantially in contact with the entire magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet. Therefore, almost the same effect can be obtained.
Further, the structure for reinforcing the strength of the auxiliary magnetic pole portion 21 ′, smoothing the flow of the magnetic flux, and reducing the noise of the collar portion 22 ′ described with reference to FIG. 4 is the same as that of each of the embodiments and modifications described above. It goes without saying that is also applicable.
Further, the above description has been made by taking as an example an AC generator for a vehicle in which brushes 13a and 13b are provided to supply electric power to the rotating field winding 6, but for example, a brushless in which the field winding is fixed. Needless to say, the present invention can also be applied to an AC generator for a vehicle of the type, and the same effect can be obtained if a permanent magnet is arranged between the claw magnetic poles.
Further, the structure for preventing the permanent magnet 7 from jumping out of the rotor 1 due to the rotation of the rotor 1 or the like is provided with the collar portions 22 and 22 ', but is not limited thereto. Nail a trapezoidal permanent magnet whose width in the rotor circumferential direction is wider outside the inner side in the rotor radial direction and whose width dimension in the rotor circumferential direction is wider than the outer side in the rotor radial direction. If it is set as the structure arrange | positioned between parts, the collar parts 22 and 22 'can also be abbreviate | omitted.
BookAccording to the inventionYongSince almost all the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet enters the claw portion, the magnetic resistance acting on the magnetic circuit made by the permanent magnet can be reduced. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet disposed between the claw magnetic poles can be used effectively, and the output of the vehicle alternator can be improved.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a detailed structure of a claw portion provided in the first embodiment of the automotive alternator of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the claw portion and the permanent magnet provided in the first embodiment of the AC generator for a vehicle of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the III-III section in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure of a modified example provided with a structure for reinforcing the auxiliary magnetic pole portion, smoothing the flow of magnetic flux, and reducing noise provided in the first embodiment of the AC generator for a vehicle of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion corresponding to part A in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the claw portions of the claw magnetic poles and the permanent magnets provided in the second embodiment of the AC generator for a vehicle of the present invention, and corresponding to FIG. 3;
6 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the claw portions of the claw magnetic poles and the permanent magnets provided in the third embodiment of the automotive alternator of the present invention, and corresponding to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a detailed structure of a modified example in which the respective claw portions provided in the third embodiment of the automotive alternator of the present invention are coupled by a coupling ring.
8 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the claw portions of the claw magnetic poles and the permanent magnets provided in the modification in which the magnet cover is provided in the first embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention. It is a figure corresponding to.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship between a claw portion of a claw magnetic pole and a permanent magnet provided in a modification in which a magnet cover is provided in the third embodiment of the automotive alternator of the present invention. It is a figure corresponding to.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the claw portion of the claw magnetic pole and the permanent magnet provided in the modification in which the magnet cover is provided in the second embodiment of the vehicle alternator of the present invention. It is a figure corresponding to.
11 is a perspective view showing the overall structure of the magnet cover shown in FIG.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship between a claw part of a claw magnetic pole and a permanent magnet provided in a modified example in which a magnet holding part is provided in the first embodiment of the automotive alternator of the present invention. 3 corresponds to FIG.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship between a claw part of a claw magnetic pole and a permanent magnet provided in a modification in which a magnet holding part is provided in the second embodiment of the AC generator for a vehicle of the present invention. 5 corresponds to FIG.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship between a claw part of a claw magnetic pole and a permanent magnet provided in another modification in which a magnet holding part is provided in the second embodiment of the AC generator for a vehicle of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5.
5A, B Claw-shaped magnetic pole
5Aa, Ba Claw
5Aa1, Ba1 Nail
5Aa2, Ba2 Nail
5AaThree, BaThree Nail
6 Field winding
14 Stator core
21 Auxiliary magnetic pole
21 'Auxiliary magnetic pole
21A Auxiliary magnetic pole
21Aa Magnet holder
23 Auxiliary magnetic pole plate
23A, B Auxiliary magnetic pole plate
23Aa Magnet holder
23Ba, b Magnet holder
24 Connection ring (connection member)
26 Protective member (protective cover)
26A Protection member (protective cover)
In vehicle alternators,
A stator including a stator core and a stator winding wound around the stator core, and a rotor provided rotatably in the stator via a gap;
The rotor includes a pair of claw magnetic poles arranged opposite to each other, a field winding attached to the claw magnetic poles, and a plurality of permanent magnets attached to the claw magnetic poles,
Each of the pair of claw magnetic poles has a side surface facing the rotation direction of the rotor, a cantilevered root portion, and a tip portion whose rotor radial thickness is thinner than the root portion. A plurality of claw portions are formed, and the claw portions of one claw magnetic pole and the claw portions of the other claw magnetic pole are alternately arranged in the rotor rotation direction,
The permanent magnet is formed so that the magnetic pole surface faces the rotor rotation direction, the rotor radial direction thickness is thicker than the tip of the claw portion, and the magnetic pole surface faces the side surface of the claw portion. It is arranged between the claw parts adjacent in the child rotation direction,
Between the side surface of the claw portion and the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet, a non-opposing portion of the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet is in contact with the side surface of the claw portion, and the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet with respect to the side surface of the claw portion An auxiliary magnetic pole part is provided for allowing the magnetic flux emitted from the non-opposing part to flow into the claw part.
A vehicle alternator characterized by that.
2. The vehicle alternator according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary magnetic pole portion is formed integrally with the claw portion, covers the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet, and is in contact with the entire surface of the magnetic pole surface. AC generator for vehicles.
2. The vehicle alternator according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary magnetic pole portion is interposed between a magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet and a side surface of the claw portion, and covers the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet. A vehicular AC generator characterized by being an auxiliary magnetic pole plate that contacts the entire surface of the vehicle.
3. The vehicular AC generator according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary magnetic pole portion is formed such that the width dimension on the radially outer side of the rotor is relatively thicker than the width dimension on the radially inner side of the rotor. The AC generator for vehicles characterized by the above-mentioned.
In claim 1 automotive alternator according to any one of 4, the claw portion, a vehicle AC generator, characterized in that it comprises a magnet holding portion for holding the permanent magnet.
The vehicular AC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a protective member is disposed at least radially outside the rotor of the permanent magnet.
JP2001053017A 2001-02-27 2001-02-27 AC generator for vehicles Expired - Fee Related JP3740375B2 (en)
JP2001053017A JP3740375B2 (en) 2001-02-27 2001-02-27 AC generator for vehicles
EP20010119779 EP1227566B1 (en) 2001-02-27 2001-08-28 Claw pole generator with permanent magnets
DE2001618515 DE60118515T2 (en) 2001-02-27 2001-08-28 Claw pole generator with permanent magnets
KR1020010052912A KR20020070068A (en) 2001-02-27 2001-08-30 Vehicular alternator
US09/941,655 US7057327B2 (en) 2001-02-27 2001-08-30 Vehicular alternator
JP2002262530A JP2002262530A (en) 2002-09-13
JP3740375B2 true JP3740375B2 (en) 2006-02-01
ID=18913550
JP2001053017A Expired - Fee Related JP3740375B2 (en) 2001-02-27 2001-02-27 AC generator for vehicles
US (1) US7057327B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1227566B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3740375B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20020070068A (en)
DE (1) DE60118515T2 (en)
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2001-08-28 DE DE2001618515 patent/DE60118515T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
2001-08-30 US US09/941,655 patent/US7057327B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
2001-08-30 KR KR1020010052912A patent/KR20020070068A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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