Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7530257?dq=6078894
Timestamp: 2017-10-23 01:22:37
Document Index: 681691573

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', '§ 119', 'Application No. 60', '§ 119', 'Application No. 60']

Patent US7530257 - Phased micro analyzer VIII - Google Patents
A micro fluid analyzer that may be highly sensitive, fast and very compact. The analyzer may use sufficiently low power per analysis to be easily implemented with an equivalently small battery pack or other portable power source. There may be energy conservation features in the analyzer, such as optimal...http://www.google.com/patents/US7530257?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7530257 - Phased micro analyzer VIII
Publication number US7530257 B2
Application number US 10/829,763
Also published as EP1774316A2, US7779671, US20050142662, US20090100906, WO2006073434A2, WO2006073434A3
Publication number 10829763, 829763, US 7530257 B2, US 7530257B2, US-B2-7530257, US7530257 B2, US7530257B2
Patent Citations (113), Non-Patent Citations (30), Referenced by (17), Classifications (42), Legal Events (4)
US 7530257 B2
This application is a continuation-in-part of and claims priority to U.S. Nonprovisional patent application Ser. No. 10/672,483, filed Sep. 26, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,367,216, and entitled “PHASED MICRO ANALYZER V, VI”, which is incorporated herein by reference, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e)(1) from Provisional Patent Application No. 60/500,821, filed Sep. 4, 2003, from Provisional Patent Application No. 60/440,108, filed Jan. 15, 2003, and from Provisional Patent Application No. 60/414,211, filed Sep. 27, 2002, which are incorporated by reference.
The present application is a Continuation-in-part of pending patent application Ser. No. 10/749,863, filed Dec. 31, 2003, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e)(1) from Provisional Patent Application No. 60/440,108, filed Jan. 15, 2003, wherein such document is incorporated by reference.
The present application is a Continuation-in-part of pending patent application Ser. No. 10/749,863, filed Dec. 3, 2003, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e)(1) from Provisional Patent Application No. 60/500,821, filed Sep. 4, 2003, wherein such document is incorporated by reference.
An example of how the selective wavelength channels of an AED can identify the atomic makeup of a compound separated by GC is illustrated in FIG. 11, which shows separate channels for C, H, N, O, S, Cl, Br, P, D, Si and F atomic emissions, with a corresponding list of channels in the table of FIG. 10. FIG. 11 shows chromatograms of a multielement test mixture with various peaks that may indicate the element and its approximate amount. Peak 301 indicates 2.5 ng of 4-fluoroanisole; peak 302 indicates 2.6 ng of 1-bromohexane; peak 303 indicates 2.1 ng of tetraethylorthosilicate; peak 304 indicates 1.9 ng of n-perdeuterodecane; peak 305 indicates 2.7 ng of nitrobenzene; peak 306 indicates 2.4 ng of triethyl phosphate; peak 307 indicates 2.1 tert-butyl disulfide; peak 308 indicates 3.3 ng of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene; peak 309 indicates 170 ng of n-dodecane; peak 310 indicates 17 ng of n-tridecane; and peak 311 indicates 5.1 ng of n-tetradecane. For such chromatograms, the GC conditions may include a column flow of 3.3 mL/min, a split ratio of 36:1, and an oven program from 60 degrees to 180 degrees Centigrade (C.) at 30 degrees C./min. Part of a UV spectrum of neutral and ionized emitters of Ne, generated with low-power microdischarges are shown in FIG. 12. Also shown in this figure is that the spectral species change in intensity as the “Ne” pressure changes. The optical output may depend on several parameters such as discharge cavity geometry, applied voltage and pressure. Molecular bands are emitted and may even be used for “NO” measurements of such gases as in the hot exhaust of jet engines.
1) Adsorption time, Za. Analyte of mol fraction X=1 ppt flows with the sample gas at v=110 cm/s, for sufficient time, za, to equilibrate with the stationary phase: za=N1GL/v, where N1=number of adsorbing elements, L=length of adsorbing film element in the flow direction. For N1=500 and L=0.5 cm one may get z=500×100×0.5/110=227 seconds. Note that za is independent of X, provided X is small relative to 1 even after all pre-concentration steps are completed. (For chips with N1=50, the time would be 22.7 seconds, for chips with L=0.1, this time could be 4.3 seconds. Increasing the sample gas flow velocity would decrease this time, but increasing the film thickness would increase that time).
In all cases, the broad peak being sampled may be “injected” into μGC #2 via and after a brief focusing period with the help of a short 1st adsorption element in the μGC #2 column, preferably made with stationary phase film material and the thickness of column #1. Its subsequent rapid heating and desorption may be used to inject that analyte into uGC #2, which may feature a narrower column, higher velocity and thinner adsorption film to approach the higher optimal velocity for maximum resolution of μGC #2. That higher velocity may also be implemented by the lower pressure in that column, either via the large pressure drop throughout the column #2 or via a fixed orifice (not shown in FIG. 21) at the junction between the end of above element #1 of column #2 and the remainder of column #2 or at the junction between columns #1 and #2.
During operation, the focusing process may be repeated either at fixed time intervals or only when column #1 detector senses a peak. Such a focusing operation may then start with a sharp drop in the temperature of that 1st element of column #2, for a period of typical 2×Δt the peak half-widths, e.g., 2×20 ms (see the table 1 in FIG. 24). After such a concentration period, tc, the adsorbed analyte may be rapidly released, to result in peak half-width of about 2 ms. Other features of the exemplary data listed in FIG. 24 include the flow rates of sample gas in columns #1 and #2, V, which may need to be equal, for approach #3; the concentration time, tc=to(#2)=2Δt(#1); the velocity of the sample gas, v, may need to be close to the optimal one to maximize the resolution, R=tR/Δt, for a middle range of 0≦k≦5, with k=(tR−to)/to; and the time for desorption off the 1st element of column #2 (or last element of column #1), ˜Δt/2, may need to be compatible with the local flow velocity, so that 1/v≦Δt(#2)≦2 l/v.
The terms “pre-concentrator” and “concentrator” may be used interchangeably in the present description. Device 826 may be regarded as a pre-concentrator, a first-level pre-concentrator, or a first level concentrator. Device 823 may be regarded as another pre-concentrator, second-level pre-concentrator, a second level concentrator, or just a concentrator. The “pre” may be an abbreviated term for “pre-analysis”. FIG. 25 regards devices 826 and 823 as a pre-concentrator and a concentrator, respectively. One may refer to devices 826 and 823 as concentrators in general. Pre-concentrator 826 may have phased heaters that are timed with the passing gas analyte, with the heat pulse from the heaters moving at the same speed as the analyte. That is, the heaters may be turned on and off at a very short duration thus providing a heat pulse which moves along with the lump of gas or analyte as it moves through the concentrators, particularly the second concentrator 823. The heat in the moving gas is pulse-like in that it is cumulative and increases in temperature as the gas moves through the concentrator. The window of heating may be in a 5 to 6 millisecond range but may be kept as short as possible to conserve energy. The heated lump or “pulse” of gas or analyte may be prepped by the first concentrator for the entering the second concentrator that may have more stages (i.e., phased heaters) than the first one. The heat pulses in the second concentrator may be very short and sharp, and quickly can heat up an adsorbed gas or analyte to a high temperature. The more significant concentration increase of the gas tends to be in the second level concentrator. The first-level concentrator may ready, i.e., concentrate the gas for the second-level concentrator. In both concentrators, the phased heaters are off outside before and after the pulse of heater and the coinciding lump of heated gas or analyte as the latter moves through the respective concentrator. If there are for example 20 heater elements with each one being on for a period of 6 milliseconds, then the time of the heating of the flow of the gas or analyte may be about 120 milliseconds. Although the total time may be greater in that the concentrator may have hundreds or more phased heating elements. Interactive elements may be adsorber films deposited on the phased heater elements. The adsorber coatings may be of one, two or more compositions, where each type of coating adsorbs a subgroup of analytes and lacks interaction with the analytes not in the subgroup, and these coating enable processing of the subgroup of analytes such as concentrating and separating.
US4324566 Jul 2, 1980 Apr 13, 1982 Elf France Process for the separation or purification of mixtures by the use of a solid adsorption
US4502320 Jul 20, 1982 Mar 5, 1985 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and apparatus for diagnosing oil-filled electric apparatus
US5442175 Sep 29, 1994 Aug 15, 1995 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Gas evolution component analysis
US5591321 May 16, 1995 Jan 7, 1997 Electric Power Research Institute Detection of fluids with metal-insulator-semiconductor sensors
US5852308 Jun 30, 1997 Dec 22, 1998 Honeywell Inc. Micromachined inferential opto-thermal gas sensor
US5869749 Apr 30, 1997 Feb 9, 1999 Honeywell Inc. Micromachined integrated opto-flow gas/liquid sensor
US5970803 * Mar 18, 1997 Oct 26, 1999 Amerasia Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for identifying and analyzing vapor elements
US6131440 Oct 29, 1998 Oct 17, 2000 Universite De Montreal Selective removal of volatile substances injected into a chromatographic packing filled column
US6413781 Apr 6, 1999 Jul 2, 2002 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Thermophoretic pump and concentrator
US20020124631 Mar 15, 2002 Sep 12, 2002 Cyrano Sciences Inc. Handheld sensing apparatus
4 Bonne et al., "Micro Gas Chromatography Tradeoff Study Final Report," DARPA-MTO, Honeywell Labs, pp. 1-50, Dec. 1, 2003.
5 Bonne, "Phased Gas Analyzer," DARPA Micro Gas Analyzer Workshop, Monteredy, CA., 1 page, Dec. 16-17, 2002.
6 Bonne, et al., "Actuation-based microsensors," Smart Materials and Structures, 10 pp. 1185-1195, 2001.
7 Bonne, et al., "Phased, a Faster, Smarter and More Affordable Gas Analysis Device-Update," International Forum on Process Analytical Chemistry (IFPAC) Scottsdale, AZ, Jan. 21-24, 2003.
8 Bonne, et al., "Phased: a Faster, Smarter and More Affordable Gas Analysis Device," 16th International Forum on Process Analytical Chemistry, San Diego, CA., Jan. 22-25, 2002, pp. 1-17.
9 Bonne, U., et al., "New Gas Composition and Trace Contaminant Sensors," GTI Natural Gas Technologies Conference, Orland, FL, Sep. 30-Oct. 2, 2002, pp. 1-12.
12 Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. Wolfgang Wehrmann et al., "Korrelationstechnik", Expert Verlag, Grafenau, XP002094984, 173 pages, 1980.
13 Fuggerth, Endre,"Zone Gas Chromatography," Analytical Chemistry, 61, No. 14, pp. 1478-1485, (1989).
14 Groschnick, J., "An electronic nose for intelligent consumer products based on a gas analytical gradient microarray," Microelectronic Engineering, 57-58 pp. 693-704, 2001.
15 Honeywell Electronic Materials Interconnect Solutions, Thin Films-Dielectrics, Comparison of Solution and Film Properties, Advanced Products for IC Fabrication, 1 page, Dec. 2002.
16 http://www.advanced- polymers.com/star-center/techincal-papers/reduction-in-effective-dielectric-constant.pdf, 1 page, Dec. 2002.
17 http://www.chrompack.com/cgi/applicsview?ap=A00607&Go=G0, NexTrieve document view, 2 pages, printed Dec. 26, 2002.
18 http://www.darpa.mil/baa/baa03-40.htm, baa04-40, DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Ag, 6 pages, printed Oct. 6, 2004.
19 http://www.zoex.com/html/technote-kt30505-1.html, Zoex Corporation, "A New Window on the Che," 5 pages, printed Mar. 15, 2004.
20 International Search Report, PCT/US00/19924, mailed Mar. 5, 2001, 7 pages.
21 Kenndler, Ernst, "Gas Chromatography," Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, pp. 1-34, Sep. 9, 1999.
22 Kindlund et al., "Quartz Crystal Gas Monitor With Gas Concentrating Stage," Sensors and Actuators, 6 (1984) pp. 1-17.
23 Park, et al., "Microdischarge Arrays: A New Family of Photonic Devices (Revised)," IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 387-394, Mar./Apr. 2002.
24 Park, et al., "Photodetection in the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared with silicon microdischarge devices," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 81, No. 24, pp. 4529-4531, Dec. 9, 2002.
25 Park, et al., : Arrays of silicon micro discharge devices with multicomponent dielectrics, Optics Letters, vol. 26, No. 22, pp. 1773-1775, Nov. 15, 2001.
26 Phillips, J.B. et al., "Thermal Modulation: A Chemical Instrumentation Component of Potential Value in Improving Portability," Field Analytical Chemistry and Technology, 1(1): 23-29, 1996.
27 Quimby, et al., "Evaluation of a Microwave Cavity, Discharge Tube, and Gas Flow System of Combined Aas Chromatography-Atomic Emission Detection," Analytical Chemistry, vol. 62, No. 10, pp. 1027-1034, May 15, 1990.
28 Stevenson, Robert, "Wintergreen '97," The World of Separation Science, The 19th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography and Electrophoresis, 11 pages.
29 Toker et al., "Design and development of a fiber optic TDI CCD-based slot-scan digital mammography system," X-ray Detector Physics and Applications II, Proceedings SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 2009 (Jul. 13-14, 1993) pp. 246-252.
30 Whitman et al., "Double-Injection FIA Using First-Order Calibration for Multicomponent Analysis," Analytical Chemistry 63 (1991) pp. 775-781.
US8071938 * Mar 20, 2008 Dec 6, 2011 The Mitre Corporation Multi-modal particle detector
US8134122 * Jan 19, 2010 Mar 13, 2012 The Mitre Corporation Multi-modal particle detector
US8196449 * Oct 30, 2008 Jun 12, 2012 Honeywell International Inc. Micro discharge device capable of low voltage discharges in a variety of carrier gases for detection and/or ionization
US8922219 Nov 30, 2010 Dec 30, 2014 General Electric Company Photo-ionization detectors and associated methods thereof
US20090238723 * Mar 20, 2008 Sep 24, 2009 The Mitre Corporation Multi-modal particle detector
US20100045159 * Oct 30, 2008 Feb 25, 2010 Honeywell International Inc. Micro discharge device capable of low voltage discharges in a variety of carrier gases for detection and/or ionization
CN105579842A * May 16, 2014 May 11, 2016 密执安大学评议会 Integrated fluidic system for gas chromatography
WO2014186720A2 * May 16, 2014 Nov 20, 2014 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Integrated fluidic system for gas chromatography
WO2014186720A3 * May 16, 2014 Jan 15, 2015 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Integrated fluidic system for gas chromatography
U.S. Classification 73/23.25, 73/31.05, 73/863.12, 73/23.42, 73/25.01
International Classification G01N30/30, G01N30/64, G01N30/46, G01N30/20, G01N33/00, G01N30/12, G01N30/08, G01N19/00, G01N30/60
Cooperative Classification G01N30/6039, G01N2030/642, G01N30/08, G01N2030/085, G01N2030/3076, G01N30/461, G01N30/12, G01N2030/121, G01N30/20, G01N33/0011, G01N2030/128, B82Y30/00, G01N30/6095, G01N2030/0095, G01N30/30, G01N2030/123, G01N30/468, B82Y15/00, G01N30/52, G01N2030/3061
European Classification G01N30/52, G01N30/60B2, B82Y30/00, B82Y15/00, G01N30/12, G01N30/60M, G01N30/08, G01N30/30
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BONNE, ULRICH;REEL/FRAME:015053/0444
Dec 13, 2016 CC Certificate of correction