Source: https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title38-chapter20&saved=%7CZ3JhbnVsZWlkOlVTQy1wcmVsaW0tdGl0bGUzOC1zZWN0aW9uMjAxNA%3D%3D%7C%7C%7C0%7Cfalse%7Cprelim&edition=prelim
Timestamp: 2019-11-15 07:06:50
Document Index: 646758275

Matched Legal Cases: ['§712', '§202', '§602', '§2001', '§5', '§701', '§3', '§4', '§6', '§2', '§2002', '§5', '§8', '§1004', '§701', '§1006', '§1004', '§1006', '§706', '§701', '§705', '§701', '§704', '§701', '§1', '§29', '§25', '§1', '§1', '§1', '§2011', '§5', '§2', '§703', '§1004', '§301', '§301', '§301', '§1006', '§1004', '§703', '§703', '§8', '§1006', '§2', '§1006', '§714', '§301', '§230', '§2012', '§5', '§701', '§711', '§5', '§402', '§711', '§711', '§711', '§711', '§711', '§2013', '§712', '§712', '§2014', '§5', '§2013', '§101', '§703', '§601', '§11', '§305', '§2', '§201', '§407', '§2014', '§712', '§5', '§2031', '§202', '§1771', '§2031', '§5', '§2', '§704', '§1006', '§10', '§302', '§203', '§9', '§204', '§307', '§308', '§307', '§144', '§1006', '§704', '§5', '§5', '§5', '§2032', '§202', '§1772', '§2032', '§5', '§2033', '§202', '§1773', '§2033', '§5', '§2', '§704', '§1006', '§10', '§204', '§9', '§204', '§307', '§308', '§307', '§144', '§1006', '§704', '§5', '§8', '§5', '§202', '§1774', '§2034', '§5', '§5', '§2041', '§9', '§1835', '§3735', '§5', '§8', '§1201', '§101', '§203', '§602', '§902', '§2041', '§5', '§404', '§8', '§705', '§1004', '§10', '§205', '§10', '§205', '§303', '§304', '§1006', '§1004', '§1006', '§705', '§8', '§8', '§8', '§9', '§8', '§9', '§304', '§2042', '§5', '§2043', '§5', '§603', '§2044', '§604', '§1001', '§12', '§305', '§2', '§206', '§304', '§601', '§305', '§304', '§145', '§4', '§12', '§601', '§304', '§12', '§12', '§12', '§604', '§2061', '§5', '§706', '§13', '§303', '§2', '§207', '§305', '§306', '§305', '§146', '§303', '§303', '§303', '§303', '§305', '§303', '§7', '§2062', '§2063', '§5', '§2064', '§5', '§707', '§2065', '§5', '§405', '§708', '§901', '§2066', '§5', '§2', '§709', '§1006', '§10', '§206', '§11', '§208', '§306', '§307', '§306', '§147', '§11311', '§709', '§1006', '§709', '§216', '§2067', '§713']

[USC02] 38 USC Ch. 20: BENEFITS FOR HOMELESS VETERANS
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38 USC Ch. 20: BENEFITS FOR HOMELESS VETERANS
CHAPTER 20—BENEFITS FOR HOMELESS VETERANS
Program to improve retention of housing by formerly homeless veterans and veterans at risk of becoming homeless.
National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans.
2016—Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §§712(a)(2), 713(b), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1587, 1588, added items 2013, 2014, and 2067 and struck out former item 2013 "Authorization of appropriations".
2010—Pub. L. 111–275, title II, §202(b), Oct. 13, 2010, 124 Stat. 2874, added item 2021A.
2008—Pub. L. 110–387, title VI, §§602(e), 604(b)(2), Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4132, 4136, substituted "Referral and counseling services: veterans at risk of homelessness who are transitioning from certain institutions" for "Demonstration program of referral and counseling for veterans transitioning from certain institutions who are at risk for homelessness" in item 2023 and added item 2044.
§2001. Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to provide for the special needs of homeless veterans.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 905.)
A prior section 2001 was renumbered section 4101 of this title.
Another prior section 2001, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1217, related to compensation for veterans under agreements with States, prior to repeal by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 87–675.
National Goal To End Homelessness Among Veterans
Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §701, Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3439, provided that:
"(a) Reaffirmation.—Congress reaffirms the national goal to end chronic homelessness among veterans within a decade of the enactment of the Homeless Veterans Comprehensive Assistance Act of 2001 (Public Law 107–95; 115 Stat. 903) [Dec. 21, 2001].
"(b) Reaffirmation of Encouragement of Cooperative Efforts.—Congress reaffirms its encouragement, as specified in the Homeless Veterans Comprehensive Assistance Act of 2001 (Public Law 107–95; 115 Stat. 903), that all departments and agencies of the Federal, State, and local governments, quasi-governmental organizations, private and public sector entities, including community-based organizations, faith-based organizations, and individuals, work cooperatively to end chronic homelessness among veterans."
Pub. L. 107–95, §3, Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 903, provided that:
"(a) National Goal.—Congress hereby declares it to be a national goal to end chronic homelessness among veterans within a decade of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 21, 2001].
"(b) Cooperative Efforts Encouraged.—Congress hereby encourages all departments and agencies of Federal, State, and local governments, quasi-governmental organizations, private and public sector entities, including community-based organizations, faith-based organizations, and individuals to work cooperatively to end chronic homelessness among veterans within a decade."
Sense of the Congress Regarding the Needs of Homeless Veterans and the Responsibility of Federal Agencies
Pub. L. 107–95, §4, Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 904, provided that: "It is the sense of the Congress that—
"(1) homelessness is a significant problem in the veterans community and veterans are disproportionately represented among homeless men;
"(2) while many effective programs assist homeless veterans to again become productive and self-sufficient members of society, current resources provided to such programs and other activities that assist homeless veterans are inadequate to provide all needed essential services, assistance, and support to homeless veterans;
"(3) the most effective programs for the assistance of homeless veterans should be identified and expanded;
"(4) federally funded programs for homeless veterans should be held accountable for achieving clearly defined results;
"(5) Federal efforts to assist homeless veterans should include prevention of homelessness; and
"(6) Federal agencies, particularly the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and the Department of Labor, should cooperate more fully to address the problem of homelessness among veterans."
Evaluation Centers for Homeless Veterans Programs
Pub. L. 107–95, §6(a), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 919, provided that: "The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall support the continuation within the Department of Veterans Affairs of at least one center for evaluation to monitor the structure, process, and outcome of programs of the Department of Veterans Affairs that address homeless veterans."
Definitions in Pub. L. 107–95
Pub. L. 107–95, §2, Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 903, provided that: "For purposes of this Act [see Short Title of 2001 Amendments note set out under section 101 of this title]:
"(1) The term 'homeless veteran' has the meaning given such term in section 2002 of title 38, United States Code, as added by section 5(a)(1).
"(2) The term 'grant and per diem provider' means an entity in receipt of a grant under section 2011 or 2012 of title 38, United States Code, as so added."
§2002. Definitions
(a) In General.—In this chapter:
(1) The term "homeless veteran" means a veteran who is homeless (as that term is defined in subsection (a) or (b) of section 103 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11302)).
(2) The term "grant and per diem provider" means an entity in receipt of a grant under section 2011 or 2012 of this title.
(b) Veteran Defined.—(1) Notwithstanding section 101(2) of this title and except as provided in paragraph (2), for purposes of sections 2011, 2012, 2013, 2044, and 2061 of this title, the term "veteran" means a person who served in the active military, naval, or air service, regardless of length of service, and who was discharged or released therefrom.
(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), the term "veteran" excludes a person who—
(A) received a dishonorable discharge from the Armed Forces; or
(B) was discharged or dismissed from the Armed Forces by reason of the sentence of a general court-martial.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 905; amended Pub. L. 109–444, §8(a)(3), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3313; Pub. L. 109–461, title X, §§1004(a)(3), 1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3465, 3468; Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §701, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1584.)
A prior section 2002 was renumbered section 4102 of this title.
Another prior section 2002, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1217, related to compensation for veterans in absence of agreements with States, prior to repeal by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 87–675.
A prior section 2002A was renumbered section 4102A of this title.
2016—Pub. L. 114–315 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, substituted "in subsection (a) or (b) of section 103 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11302)" for "in section 103(a) of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11302(a))" in subsec. (a)(1), and added subsec. (b).
2006—Par. (1). Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b), provided that as of the enactment of Pub. L. 109–461, the amendments made by Pub. L. 109–444 were deemed for all purposes not to have taken effect and that Pub. L. 109–444 ceased to be in effect. See Amendment notes below and section 1006(b) of Pub. L. 109–461, set out as a Coordination of Provisions With Pub. L. 109–444 note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 109–461, §1004(a)(3), inserted closing parenthesis before period at end.
Pub. L. 109–444, which inserted closing parenthesis before period at end, was terminated by Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b). See Amendment notes above.
Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §706, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1586, provided that: "This subtitle [subtitle A (§§701–706) of title VII of Pub. L. 114–315, amending this section and sections 5303 and 5303A of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] and the amendments made by this subtitle shall apply to individuals seeking benefits under chapter 20 of title 38, United States Code, before, on, and after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 16, 2016]."
Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §705, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1585, provided that: "Not later than 270 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 16, 2016], the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall prescribe regulations, including such modifications to section 3.12 of title 38, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), as the Secretary considers appropriate, to ensure that the Department of Veterans Affairs is in full compliance with this title [see Tables for classification] and the amendments made by this subtitle [subtitle A (§§701–706) of title VII of Pub. L. 114–315, amending this section and sections 5303 and 5303A of this title]."
Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §704, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1585, provided that: "The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall conduct a program of training and education to ensure that the following persons are aware of and implement this title [see Tables for classification] and the amendments made by this subtitle [subtitle A (§§701–706) of title VII of Pub. L. 114–315, amending this section and sections 5303 and 5303A of this title]:
"(1) Personnel of the Department of Veterans Affairs who are supporting or administering a program under chapter 20 of title 38, United States Code.
"(2) Recipients of grants or other amounts for purposes of carrying out such a program."
(a) VBA Staffing at Regional Offices.—The Secretary shall ensure that there is at least one full-time employee assigned to oversee and coordinate homeless veterans programs at each of the 20 Veterans Benefits Administration regional offices that the Secretary determines have the largest homeless veteran populations within the regions of the Administration. The programs covered by such oversight and coordination include the following:
(b) VHA Case Managers.—The Secretary shall ensure that the number of case managers in the Veterans Health Administration is sufficient to assure that every veteran who is provided a housing voucher through section 8(o) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)) is assigned to, and is seen as needed by, a case manager.
Another prior section 2003, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1218, related to payments to the States equal to payments made by them in accordance with an agreement under chapter 41 of this title, prior to repeal by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 87–675.
Another prior section 2004, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1219, related to information necessary to determine a veteran's entitlement to compensation and which all Federal departments and agencies were required to make available to State agencies or to the Secretary, prior to repeal by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 87–675.
Another prior section 2005, Pub. L. 85–837, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1219, related to penalties for making false statements or representations, or for knowledgeable failure to disclose material facts in order to obtain or increase payments under chapter 41 of this title, prior to repeal by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 87–675.
Another prior section 2006, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1219, authorized the Secretary to make rules and regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of chapter 41 of this title, and required him to consult with representatives of the State unemployment compensation agencies before prescribing any rules which could affect the performance of such agencies, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 87–675, §1(a), Sept. 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 558.
Another prior section 2007, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1220; Pub. L. 86–70, §29(b), June 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 148; Pub. L. 86–624, §25(c), July 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 418, defined "Korean conflict veterans", "unemployment compensation", and "State", prior to repeal by Pub. L. 87–675, §1(a), Sept. 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 558.
Another prior section 2008, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1220, enumerated provisions which forbade duplication of benefits, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 87–675, §1(a), Sept. 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 558.
Another prior section 2009, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1221, provided termination dates for the payment of benefits under chapter 41 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 87–675, §1(a), Sept. 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 558.
§2011. Grants
(a) Authority To Make Grants.—Subject to the availability of appropriations provided for such purpose, the Secretary shall make grants to assist eligible entities in establishing programs to furnish, and expanding or modifying existing programs for furnishing, the following to homeless veterans:
(1) Outreach.
(2) Rehabilitative services.
(3) Vocational counseling and training.
(4) Transitional housing assistance.
(b) Criteria for Grants.—The Secretary shall establish criteria and requirements for grants under this section, including criteria for entities eligible to receive grants, and shall publish such criteria and requirements in the Federal Register. The criteria established under this subsection shall include the following:
(1) Specification as to the kinds of projects for which grants are available, which shall include—
(A) new construction of facilities, expansion, remodeling, or alteration of existing facilities, or acquisition of facilities, for use as service centers, transitional housing, or other facilities to serve homeless veterans; and
(B) procurement of vans for use in outreach to and transportation for homeless veterans for purposes of a program referred to in subsection (a).
(2) Specification as to the number of projects for which grants are available.
(3) Criteria for staffing for the provision of services under a project for which grants are made.
(4) Provisions to ensure that grants under this section—
(A) shall not result in duplication of ongoing services; and
(B) to the maximum extent practicable, shall reflect appropriate geographic dispersion and an appropriate balance between urban and other locations.
(5) Provisions to ensure that an entity receiving a grant shall meet fire and safety requirements established by the Secretary, which shall include—
(A) such State and local requirements that may apply; and
(B) fire and safety requirements applicable under the Life Safety Code of the National Fire Protection Association or such other comparable fire and safety requirements as the Secretary may specify.
(6) Specification as to the means by which an entity receiving a grant may contribute in-kind services to the start-up costs of a project for which a grant is sought and the methodology for assigning a cost to that contribution for purposes of subsection (c).
(c) Funding Limitations.—(1) A grant under this section may not be used to support operational costs.
(2) The amount of a grant under this section may not exceed 65 percent of the estimated cost of the project concerned.
(3)(A) The Secretary may not deny an application from an entity that seeks a grant under this section to carry out a project described in subsection (b)(1)(A) solely on the basis that the entity proposes to use funding from other private or public sources, if the entity demonstrates that a private nonprofit organization will provide oversight and site control for the project.
(B) In this paragraph, the term "private nonprofit organization" means the following:
(i) An incorporated private institution, organization, or foundation—
(III) that the Secretary determines is financially responsible.
(ii) A for-profit limited partnership or limited liability company, the sole general partner or manager of which is an organization that is described by subclauses (I) through (III) of clause (i).
(iii) A corporation wholly owned and controlled by an organization that is described by subclauses (I) through (III) of clause (i).
(d) Eligible Entities.—The Secretary may make a grant under this section to an entity applying for such a grant only if the applicant for the grant—
(1) is a public or nonprofit private entity with the capacity (as determined by the Secretary) to effectively administer a grant under this section;
(2) demonstrates that adequate financial support will be available to carry out the project for which the grant is sought consistent with the plans, specifications, and schedule submitted by the applicant; and
(3) agrees to meet the applicable criteria and requirements established under subsections (b) and (g) and has, as determined by the Secretary, the capacity to meet such criteria and requirements.
(e) Application Requirement.—An entity seeking a grant for a project under this section shall submit to the Secretary an application for the grant. The application shall set forth the following:
(1) The amount of the grant sought for the project.
(2) A description of the site for the project.
(3) Plans, specifications, and the schedule for implementation of the project in accordance with criteria and requirements prescribed by the Secretary under subsection (b).
(4) Reasonable assurance that upon completion of the work for which the grant is sought, the project will become operational and the facilities will be used principally to provide to veterans the services for which the project was designed, and that not more than 25 percent of the services provided under the project will be provided to individuals who are not veterans.
(f) Program Requirements.—The Secretary may not make a grant for a project to an applicant under this section unless the applicant in the application for the grant agrees to each of the following requirements:
(1) To provide the services for which the grant is made at locations accessible to homeless veterans.
(2) To maintain referral networks for homeless veterans for establishing eligibility for assistance and obtaining services, under available entitlement and assistance programs, and to aid such veterans in establishing eligibility for and obtaining such services.
(3) To ensure the confidentiality of records maintained on homeless veterans receiving services through the project.
(4) To establish such procedures for fiscal control and fund accounting as may be necessary to ensure proper disbursement and accounting with respect to the grant and to such payments as may be made under section 2012 of this title.
(5) To seek to employ homeless veterans and formerly homeless veterans in positions created for purposes of the grant for which those veterans are qualified.
(g) Service Center Requirements.—In addition to criteria and requirements established under subsection (b), in the case of an application for a grant under this section for a service center for homeless veterans, the Secretary shall require each of the following:
(1) That such center provide services to homeless veterans during such hours as the Secretary may specify and be open to such veterans on an as-needed, unscheduled basis.
(2) That space at such center be made available, as mutually agreeable, for use by staff of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Department of Labor, and other appropriate agencies and organizations in assisting homeless veterans served by such center.
(3) That such center be equipped and staffed to provide or to assist in providing health care, mental health services, hygiene facilities, benefits and employment counseling, meals, transportation assistance, and such other services as the Secretary determines necessary.
(4) That such center be equipped and staffed to provide, or to assist in providing, job training, counseling, and placement services (including job readiness and literacy and skills training), as well as any outreach and case management services that may be necessary to carry out this paragraph.
(h) Recovery of Unused Grant Funds.—(1) If a grant recipient under this section does not establish a program in accordance with this section or ceases to furnish services under such a program for which the grant was made, the United States shall be entitled to recover from such recipient the total of all unused grant amounts made under this section to such recipient in connection with such program.
(2) Any amount recovered by the United States under paragraph (1) may be obligated by the Secretary without fiscal year limitation to carry out provisions of this subchapter.
(3) An amount may not be recovered under paragraph (1) as an unused grant amount before the end of the three-year period beginning on the date on which the grant is made.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 906; amended Pub. L. 109–444, §§2(b), 8(a)(4), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3304, 3313; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §703(a), title X, §§1004(a)(4), 1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440, 3465, 3468; Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §301(a), Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1182.)
Section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B)(i)(I), is classified to section 501(c) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.
A prior section 2011 was renumbered section 4211 of this title.
Another prior section 2011 was renumbered section 4102 of this title.
2012—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 112–154, §301(a)(1), substituted "new construction of facilities, expansion, remodeling, or alteration of existing facilities, or acquisition of facilities," for "expansion, remodeling, or alteration of existing buildings, or acquisition of facilities,".
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–154, §301(a)(2), designated first sentence as par. (1) and second sentence as par. (2) and added par. (3).
2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b), provided that as of the enactment of Pub. L. 109–461, the amendments made by Pub. L. 109–444 were deemed for all purposes not to have taken effect and that Pub. L. 109–444 ceased to be in effect. See Amendment notes below and section 1006(b) of Pub. L. 109–461, set out as a Coordination of Provisions With Pub. L. 109–444 note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 109–461, §1004(a)(4), which directed insertion of a period at end of subpar. (C) of par. (1), was executed to par. (3) to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the redesignation of par. (1)(C) as (3) by Pub. L. 109–461, §703(a). See below.
Pub. L. 109–461, §703(a), struck out par. (1) designation before "Subject", redesignated subpars. (A) to (D) of former par. (1) as pars. (1) to (4), respectively, and struck out former par. (2), which read as follows: "The authority of the Secretary to make grants under this section expires on September 30, 2005."
Pub. L. 109–444, §8(a)(4), which inserted period at end of subpar. (C) of par. (1), was terminated by Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b). See Amendment notes above.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 109–444, §2(b), which substituted "September 30, 2007" for "September 30, 2005", was terminated by Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b). See Amendment notes above.
Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §714, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1588, provided that:
"(a) In General.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 16, 2016], the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall—
"(1) assess and measure the capacity of programs for which entities receive grants under section 2011 of title 38, United States Code, or per diem payments under section 2012 or 2061 of such title; and
"(2) assess such programs with respect to—
"(A) how well they achieve their stated goals at a national level;
"(B) placements in permanent housing;
"(C) placements in employment; and
"(D) increases in the regular income of participants in the programs.
"(b) Assessment at National and Local Levels.—In assessing and measuring under subsection (a)(1), the Secretary shall develop and use tools to examine the capacity of programs described in such subsection at both the national and local level in order to assess the following:
"(1) Whether sufficient capacity exists to meet the needs of homeless veterans in each geographic area.
"(2) Whether existing capacity meets the needs of the subpopulations of homeless veterans located in each geographic area.
"(3) The amount of capacity that recipients of grants under sections 2011 and 2061 and per diem payments under section 2012 of such title have to provide services for which the recipients are eligible to receive per diem under section 2012(a)(2)(B)(ii) of title 38, United States Code, as added by section 711(6).
"(c) Consideration of Other Resources.—In assessing and measuring programs under subsection (a)(1), the Secretary shall consider the availability to such programs of resources made available to such programs and to homeless veterans, including resources provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs and by entities other than the Department.
"(d) Use of Information.—The Secretary shall use the information collected under this section as follows:
"(1) To set specific goals to ensure that programs described in subsection (a) are effectively serving the needs of homeless veterans.
"(2) To assess whether programs described in subsection (a) are meeting goals set under paragraph (1).
"(3) To inform funding allocations for programs described in subsection (a).
"(4) To improve the referral of homeless veterans to programs described in subsection (a).
"(e) Report.—Not later than 180 days after the date on which the assessment required by subsection (a) is completed, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the House of Representatives a report on such assessment and such recommendations for legislative and administrative action as the Secretary may have to improve the programs and per diem payments described in subsection (a)."
Grant and Per Diem Payments
Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §301(b), Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1183, provided that:
"(1) Study and development of fiscal controls and payment method.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 6, 2012], the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall—
"(A) complete a study of all matters relating to the method used by the Secretary to make per diem payments under section 2012(a) of title 38, United States Code, including changes anticipated by the Secretary in the cost of furnishing services to homeless veterans and accounting for costs of providing such services in various geographic areas;
"(B) develop more effective and efficient procedures for fiscal control and fund accounting by recipients of grants under sections 2011, 2012, and 2061 of such title; and
"(C) develop a more effective and efficient method for adequately reimbursing recipients of grants under section 2011 of such title for services furnished to homeless veterans.
"(2) Consideration.—In developing the method required by paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary may consider payments and grants received by recipients of grants described in such paragraph from other departments and agencies of Federal and local governments and from private entities.
"(3) Report.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on—
"(A) the findings of the Secretary with respect to the study required by subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1);
"(B) the methods developed under subparagraphs (B) and (C) of such paragraph; and
"(C) any recommendations of the Secretary for revising the method described in subparagraph (A) of such paragraph and any legislative action the Secretary considers necessary to implement such method."
Pub. L. 109–114, title II, §230, Nov. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2393, provided that: "The authority provided by section 2011 of title 38, United States Code, shall continue in effect through September 30, 2006."
§2012. Per diem payments
(a) Per Diem Payments for Furnishing Services to Homeless Veterans.—(1) Subject to the availability of appropriations provided for such purpose, the Secretary, pursuant to such criteria as the Secretary shall prescribe, shall provide to a recipient of a grant under section 2011 of this title (or an entity eligible to receive a grant under that section which after November 10, 1992, establishes a program that the Secretary determines carries out the purposes described in that section) per diem payments for services furnished to any homeless veteran—
(A) whom the Secretary has referred to the grant recipient (or entity eligible for such a grant); or
(B) for whom the Secretary has authorized the provision of services.
(2)(A) Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph (B), the rate for such per diem payments shall be the daily cost of care estimated by the grant recipient or eligible entity adjusted by the Secretary under subparagraph (C).
(B)(i) Except as provided in clause (ii), in no case may the rate determined under this paragraph exceed the rate authorized for State homes for domiciliary care under subsection (a)(1)(A) of section 1741 of this title, as the Secretary may increase from time to time under subsection (c) of that section.
(ii) In the case of services furnished to a homeless veteran who is placed in housing that will become permanent housing for the veteran upon termination of the furnishing of such services to such veteran, the maximum rate of per diem authorized under this section is 150 percent of the rate authorized for State homes for domiciliary care under subsection (a)(1)(A) of section 1741 of this title, as the Secretary may increase from time to time under subsection (c) of that section.
(C) The Secretary shall adjust the rate estimated by the grant recipient or eligible entity under subparagraph (A) to exclude other sources of income described in subparagraph (E) that the grant recipient or eligible entity certifies to be correct.
(D) Each grant recipient or eligible entity shall provide to the Secretary such information with respect to other sources of income as the Secretary may require to make the adjustment under subparagraph (C).
(E) The other sources of income referred to in subparagraphs (C) and (D) are payments to the grant recipient or eligible entity for furnishing services to homeless veterans under programs other than under this subchapter, including payments and grants from other departments and agencies of the United States, from departments or agencies of State or local government, and from private entities or organizations.
(3) In a case in which the Secretary has authorized the provision of services, per diem payments under paragraph (1) may be paid retroactively for services provided not more than three days before the authorization was provided.
(b) Inspections.—The Secretary may inspect any facility of a grant recipient or entity eligible for payments under subsection (a) at such times as the Secretary considers necessary. No per diem payment may be provided to a grant recipient or eligible entity under this section unless the facilities of the grant recipient or eligible entity meet such standards as the Secretary shall prescribe.
(c) Life Safety Code.—(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a per diem payment may not be provided under this section to a grant recipient or eligible entity unless the facilities of the grant recipient or eligible entity, as the case may be, meet applicable fire and safety requirements under the Life Safety Code of the National Fire Protection Association or such other comparable fire and safety requirements as the Secretary may specify.
(2) During the five-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this section, paragraph (1) shall not apply to an entity that received a grant under section 3 of the Homeless Veterans Comprehensive Service Programs Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–590; 38 U.S.C. 7721 note) 1 before that date if the entity meets fire and safety requirements established by the Secretary.
(3) From amounts available for purposes of this section, not less than $5,000,000 shall be used only for grants to assist entities covered by paragraph (2) in meeting the Life Safety Code of the National Fire Protection Association or such other comparable fire and safety requirements as the Secretary may specify.
(d) Per Diem Payments to Nonconforming Entities.—(1) The Secretary may make funds available for per diem payments under this section to the following grant recipients or eligible entities:
(A) Grant recipients or eligible entities that—
(i) meet each of the transitional and supportive services criteria prescribed by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a)(1); and
(ii) furnish services to homeless individuals, of which less than 75 percent are veterans.
(B) Grant recipients or eligible entities that—
(i) meet at least one, but not all, of the transitional and supportive services criteria prescribed by the Secretary pursuant to subsection (a)(1); and
(ii) furnish services to homeless individuals, of which not less than 75 percent are veterans.
(C) Grant recipients or eligible entities that—
(2) Notwithstanding subsection (a)(2), in providing per diem payments under this subsection, the Secretary shall determine the rate of such per diem payments in accordance with the following order of priority:
(A) Grant recipients or eligible entities described by paragraph (1)(A).
(B) Grant recipients or eligible entities described by paragraph (1)(B).
(C) Grant recipients or eligible entities described by paragraph (1)(C).
(3) For purposes of this subsection, an eligible entity is a nonprofit entity and may be an entity that is ineligible to receive a grant under section 2011 of this title, but whom the Secretary determines carries out the purposes described in that section.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 908; amended Pub. L. 111–163, title VII, §701, May 5, 2010, 124 Stat. 1174; Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §711, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1586.)
Section 3 of the Homeless Veterans Comprehensive Service Programs Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 3 of Pub. L. 102–590, Nov. 10, 1992, 106 Stat. 5136, which was set out in a note under former section 7721 of this title, which note was repealed and restated in sections 2011 and 2012 of this title by Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), (e)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 906, 918. Section 7721 of this title was repealed by Pub. L. 109–233, title IV, §402(c), June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 411.
2016—Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 114–315, §711(5), substituted "Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph (B), the rate" for "The rate" and "under subparagraph (C)." for "under subparagraph (B). In no case may the rate determined under this paragraph exceed the rate authorized for State homes for domiciliary care under subsection (a)(1)(A) of section 1741 of this title, as the Secretary may increase from time to time under subsection (c) of that section."
Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 114–315, §711(6), added subpar. (B). Former subpar. (B) redesignated (C).
Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 114–315, §711(1), (2), redesignated subpar. (B) as (C) and substituted "in subparagraph (E)" for "in subparagraph (D)". Former subpar. (C) redesignated (D).
Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 114–315, §711(1), (3), redesignated subpar. (C) as (D) and substituted "under subparagraph (C)" for "under subparagraph (B)". Former subpar. (D) redesignated (E).
Subsec. (a)(2)(E). Pub. L. 114–315, §711(1), (4), redesignated subpar. (D) as (E) and substituted "in subparagraphs (C) and (D)" for "in subparagraphs (B) and (C)".
2010—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–163 added subsec. (d).
§2013. Program to improve retention of housing by formerly homeless veterans and veterans at risk of becoming homeless
(a) Program Required.—The Secretary shall carry out a program under which the Secretary shall provide case management services to improve the retention of housing by veterans who were previously homeless and are transitioning to permanent housing and veterans who are at risk of becoming homeless.
(b) Grants.—(1) The Secretary shall carry out the program through the award of grants.
(2)(A) In awarding grants under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give priority to organizations that demonstrate a capability to provide case management services as described in subsection (a), particularly organizations that are successfully providing or have successfully provided transitional housing services using amounts provided by the Secretary under sections 2012 and 2061 of this title.
(B) In giving priority under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give extra priority to an organization described in such subparagraph that—
(i) voluntarily stops receiving amounts provided by the Secretary under sections 2012 and 2061 of this title; and
(ii) converts a facility that the organization used to provide transitional housing services into a facility that the organization uses to provide permanent housing that meets housing quality standards established under section 8(o)(8)(B) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)(8)(B)).
(C) In any case in which a facility, with respect to which a person received a grant for construction, rehabilitation, or acquisition under section 2011 of this title, is converted as described in subparagraph (B)(ii), such conversion shall be considered to have been carried out pursuant to the needs of the Department and such person shall not be considered in noncompliance with the terms of such grant by reason of such conversion.
(Added Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §712(a)(1)(B), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1586.)
A prior section 2013 was renumbered section 2014 of this title.
Another prior section 2013 was renumbered section 4213 of this title.
Another prior section 2013 was renumbered section 4104 of this title.
Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §712(b), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1587, provided that: "Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 16, 2016], the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall prescribe regulations to carry out section 2013 of such title [38 U.S.C. 2013], as added by subsection (a)(1)(B)."
§2014. Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter amounts as follows:
(1) $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2009.
(2) $175,100,000 for fiscal year 2010.
(3) $217,700,000 for fiscal year 2011.
(4) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2013.
(6) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2014.
(7) $257,700,000 for fiscal year 2015 and each subsequent fiscal year.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 909, §2013; amended Pub. L. 108–422, title I, §101, Nov. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2380; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §703(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440; Pub. L. 110–387, title VI, §601, Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4131; Pub. L. 112–37, §11, Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §305(a), Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1187; Pub. L. 113–37, §2(f)(1), Sept. 30, 2013, 127 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §201, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1903; Pub. L. 114–228, title IV, §407, Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 940; renumbered §2014, Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §712(a)(1)(A), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1586.)
A prior section 2014 was renumbered section 4214 of this title.
Another prior section 2014 was renumbered section 4105 of this title.
2016—Pub. L. 114–315 renumbered section 2013 of this title as this section.
Par. (7). Pub. L. 114–228 substituted "$257,700,000" for "$250,000,000".
2014—Par. (7). Pub. L. 113–175 substituted "$250,000,000" for "$150,000,000".
2013—Pars. (6), (7). Pub. L. 113–37 added pars. (6) and (7) and struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: "$150,000,000 for fiscal year 2014 and each subsequent fiscal year."
2012—Pars. (5), (6). Pub. L. 112–154 added pars. (5) and (6) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "$150,000,000 for fiscal year 2013 and each subsequent fiscal year."
2011—Pub. L. 112–37 substituted "subchapter amounts as follows:" for "subchapter $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2007 and each fiscal year thereafter." and added at end pars. (1) to (5).
2008—Pub. L. 110–387 substituted "$150,000,000" for "$130,000,000".
2006—Pub. L. 109–461 amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter amounts as follows:
"(1) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.
"(2) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
"(3) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2004.
"(4) $99,000,000 for fiscal year 2005."
2004—Par. (4). Pub. L. 108–422 substituted "$99,000,000" for "$75,000,000".
2001—Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 918, redesignated subchapter VII of chapter 17 of this title as this subchapter.
§2031. General treatment
(a) In providing care and services under section 1710 of this title to veterans suffering from serious mental illness and to veterans who are homeless, the Secretary may provide (directly or in conjunction with a governmental or other entity)—
(2) care, treatment, and rehabilitative services (directly or by contract in community-based treatment facilities, including halfway houses); and
(3) therapeutic transitional housing assistance under section 2032 of this title, in conjunction with work therapy under subsection (a) or (b) of section 1718 of this title and outpatient care.
(b) The authority of the Secretary under subsection (a) expires on September 30, 2020.
(Added Pub. L. 105–114, title II, §202(a), Nov. 21, 1997, 111 Stat. 2284, §1771; renumbered §2031 and amended Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b), (f), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 918; Pub. L. 109–444, §2(c), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3304; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §704(a), title X, §1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440, 3468; Pub. L. 112–37, §10(c), Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §302, Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1184; Pub. L. 112–191, title II, §203, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1439; Pub. L. 113–59, §9(a), Dec. 20, 2013, 127 Stat. 662; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §204(a), Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 114–58, title III, §307(a), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 534; Pub. L. 114–228, title III, §308(a), Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 939; Pub. L. 115–62, title III, §307(a), Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 115–251, title I, §144(a), Sept. 29, 2018, 132 Stat. 3170.)
2018—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–251 substituted "September 30, 2020" for "September 30, 2019".
2017—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–62 substituted "September 30, 2019" for "September 30, 2017".
2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–154 substituted "and to" for ", including" in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–191 substituted "December 31, 2013" for "December 31, 2012".
2011—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–37 substituted "December 31, 2012" for "December 31, 2011".
2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b), provided that as of the enactment of Pub. L. 109–461, the amendments made by Pub. L. 109–444 were deemed for all purposes not to have taken effect and that Pub. L. 109–444 ceased to be in effect. See Amendment notes below and section 1006(b) of Pub. L. 109–461, set out as a Coordination of Provisions With Pub. L. 109–444 note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 109–461, §704(a), substituted "December 31, 2011" for "December 31, 2006".
2001—Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b)(1), renumbered section 1771 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b)(2), substituted "section 2032 of this title" for "section 1772 of this title".
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–95, §5(f), substituted "December 31, 2006" for "December 31, 2001".
§2032. Therapeutic housing
(a) The Secretary, in connection with the conduct of compensated work therapy programs, may operate residences and facilities as therapeutic housing.
(b) The Secretary may use such procurement procedures for the purchase, lease, or other acquisition of residential housing for purposes of this section as the Secretary considers appropriate to expedite the opening and operation of transitional housing and to protect the interests of the United States.
(c) A residence or other facility may be operated as transitional housing for veterans described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 1710(a) of this title under the following conditions:
(1) Only veterans described in those paragraphs and a house manager may reside in the residence or facility.
(2) Each resident, other than the house manager, shall be required to make payments that contribute to covering the expenses of board and the operational costs of the residence or facility for the period of residence in such housing.
(3) In order to foster the therapeutic and rehabilitative objectives of such housing (A) residents shall be prohibited from using alcohol or any controlled substance or item, (B) any resident violating that prohibition may be expelled from the residence or facility, and (C) each resident shall agree to undergo drug testing or such other measures as the Secretary shall prescribe to ensure compliance with that prohibition.
(4) In the establishment and operation of housing under this section, the Secretary shall consult with appropriate representatives of the community in which the housing is established and shall comply with zoning requirements, building permit requirements, and other similar requirements applicable to other real property used for similar purposes in the community.
(5) The residence or facility shall meet State and community fire and safety requirements applicable to other real property used for similar purposes in the community in which the transitional housing is located, but fire and safety requirements applicable to buildings of the Federal Government shall not apply to such property.
(d) The Secretary shall prescribe the qualifications for house managers for transitional housing units operated under this section. The Secretary may provide for free room and subsistence for a house manager in addition to, or instead of payment of, a fee for the services provided by the manager.
(e)(1) The Secretary may operate as transitional housing under this section—
(A) any suitable residential property acquired by the Secretary as the result of a default on a loan made, guaranteed, or insured under chapter 37 of this title;
(B) any suitable space in a facility under the jurisdiction of the Secretary that is no longer being used (i) to provide acute hospital care, or (ii) as housing for medical center employees; and
(C) any other suitable residential property purchased, leased, or otherwise acquired by the Secretary.
(2) In the case of any property referred to in paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall—
(A) transfer administrative jurisdiction over such property within the Department from the Veterans Benefits Administration to the Veterans Health Administration; and
(B) transfer from the General Post Fund to the Loan Guaranty Revolving Fund under chapter 37 of this title an amount (not to exceed the amount the Secretary paid for the property) representing the amount the Secretary considers could be obtained by sale of such property to a nonprofit organization or a State for use as a shelter for homeless veterans.
(3) In the case of any residential property obtained by the Secretary from the Department of Housing and Urban Development under this section, the amount paid by the Secretary to that Department for that property may not exceed the amount that the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development would charge for the sale of that property to a nonprofit organization or a State for use as a shelter for homeless persons. Funds for such charge shall be derived from the General Post Fund.
(f) The Secretary shall prescribe—
(1) a procedure for establishing reasonable payment rates for persons residing in transitional housing; and
(2) appropriate limits on the period for which such persons may reside in transitional housing.
(g) The Secretary may dispose of any property acquired for the purpose of this section. The proceeds of any such disposal shall be credited to the General Post Fund.
(h) Funds received by the Department under this section shall be deposited in the General Post Fund. The Secretary may distribute out of the fund such amounts as necessary for the acquisition, management, maintenance, and disposition of real property for the purpose of carrying out such program. The Secretary shall manage the operation of this section so as to ensure that expenditures under this subsection for any fiscal year shall not exceed by more than $500,000 proceeds credited to the General Post Fund under this section. The operation of the program and funds received shall be separately accounted for, and shall be stated in the documents accompanying the President's budget for each fiscal year.
(Added Pub. L. 105–114, title II, §202(a), Nov. 21, 1997, 111 Stat. 2284, §1772; renumbered §2032, Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 918.)
2001—Pub. L. 107–95 renumbered section 1772 of this title as this section.
§2033. Additional services at certain locations
(a) Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall operate a program under this section to expand and improve the provision of benefits and services by the Department to homeless veterans.
(b) The program shall include the establishment of sites under the jurisdiction of the Secretary to be centers for the provision of comprehensive services to homeless veterans. The services to be provided at each site shall include a comprehensive and coordinated array of those specialized services which may be provided under existing law. The Secretary shall carry out the program under this section in sites in at least each of the 20 largest metropolitan statistical areas.
(c) The program shall include the services of such employees of the Veterans Benefits Administration as the Secretary determines appropriate at sites under the jurisdiction of the Secretary at which services are provided to homeless veterans.
(d) The program under this section shall terminate on September 30, 2020.
(Added Pub. L. 105–114, title II, §202(a), Nov. 21, 1997, 111 Stat. 2286, §1773; renumbered §2033 and amended Pub. L. 107–95, §§5(b)(1), (f), 8(b), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 918, 919; Pub. L. 109–444, §2(d), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3304; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §704(b), title X, §1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440, 3468; Pub. L. 112–37, §10(d), Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–191, title II, §204, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1439; Pub. L. 113–59, §9(b), Dec. 20, 2013, 127 Stat. 662; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §204(b), Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 114–58, title III, §307(b), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 534; Pub. L. 114–228, title III, §308(b), Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 939; Pub. L. 115–62, title III, §307(b), Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 115–251, title I, §144(b), Sept. 29, 2018, 132 Stat. 3170.)
2018—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–251 substituted "September 30, 2020" for "September 30, 2019".
2017—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–62 substituted "September 30, 2019" for "September 30, 2017".
2014—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–175 substituted "September 30, 2015" for "December 31, 2014".
2013—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–59 substituted "December 31, 2014" for "December 31, 2013".
2012—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 112–191 substituted "December 31, 2013" for "December 31, 2012".
2011—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 112–37 substituted "December 31, 2012" for "December 31, 2011".
2006—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b), provided that as of the enactment of Pub. L. 109–461, the amendments made by Pub. L. 109–444 were deemed for all purposes not to have taken effect and that Pub. L. 109–444 ceased to be in effect. See Amendment notes below and section 1006(b) of Pub. L. 109–461, set out as a Coordination of Provisions With Pub. L. 109–444 note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 109–461, §704(b), substituted "December 31, 2011" for "December 31, 2006".
2001—Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b)(1), renumbered section 1773 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–95, §8(b), struck out "not fewer than eight programs (in addition to any existing programs providing similar services) at" after "establishment of" and inserted at end "The Secretary shall carry out the program under this section in sites in at least each of the 20 largest metropolitan statistical areas."
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 107–95, §5(f), substituted "December 31, 2006" for "December 31, 2001".
(c) In furtherance of subsection (a), the Secretary shall require the director of each medical center and the director of each regional benefits office, in coordination with representatives of State and local governments, other Federal officials, and nongovernmental organizations that have experience working with homeless persons in the areas served by such facility or office, to—
(Added Pub. L. 105–114, title II, §202(a), Nov. 21, 1997, 111 Stat. 2286, §1774; renumbered §2034 and amended Pub. L. 107–95, §§5(b)(1), 6(b), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 918, 919.)
2001—Pub. L. 107–95, §5(b)(1), renumbered section 1774 of this title as this section.
§2041. Housing assistance for homeless veterans
(a)(1) To assist homeless veterans and their families in acquiring shelter, the Secretary may enter into agreements described in paragraph (2) with—
(A) nonprofit organizations, with preference being given to any organization named in, or approved by the Secretary under, section 5902 of this title; or
(B) any State or any political subdivision thereof.
(2) To carry out paragraph (1), the Secretary may enter into agreements to sell, lease, lease with an option to purchase, or donate real property, and improvements thereon, acquired by the Secretary as the result of a default on a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under this chapter. Such sale or lease or donation shall be for such consideration as the Secretary determines is in the best interests of homeless veterans and the Federal Government.
(3) The Secretary may enter into an agreement under paragraph (1) of this subsection only if—
(A) the Secretary determines that such an action will not adversely affect the ability of the Department—
(i) to fulfill its statutory missions with respect to the Department loan guaranty program and the short- and long-term solvency of the Veterans Housing Benefit Program Fund established under section 3722 of this title; or
(ii) to carry out other functions and administer other programs authorized by law;
(B) the entity to which the property is sold, leased, or donated agrees to—
(i) utilize the property solely as a shelter primarily for homeless veterans and their families,
(ii) comply with all zoning laws relating to the property,
(iii) make no use of the property that is not compatible with the area where the property is located, and
(iv) take such other actions as the Secretary determines are necessary or appropriate in the best interests of homeless veterans and the Federal Government; and
(C) the Secretary determines that there is no significant likelihood of the property being sold for a price sufficient to reduce the liability of the Department or the veteran who defaulted on the loan.
(4) The term of any lease under this subsection may not exceed three years.
(5) An approved entity that leases a property from the Secretary under this section shall be responsible for the payment of any taxes, utilities, liability insurance, and other maintenance charges or similar charges that apply to the property.
(6) Any agreement, deed, or other instrument executed by the Secretary under this subsection shall be on such terms and conditions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate and necessary to carry out the purpose of such agreement.
(b)(1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may make loans to organizations described in paragraph (1)(A) of subsection (a) to finance the purchase of property by such organizations under such subsection.
(2) In making a loan under this subsection, the Secretary—
(A) shall establish credit standards to be used for this purpose;
(B) may, pursuant to section 3733(a)(6) of this title, provide that the loan will bear interest at a rate below the rate that prevails for similar loans in the market in which the loan is made; and
(C) may waive the collection of a fee under section 3729 of this title in any case in which the Secretary determines that such a waiver would be appropriate.
(c) The Secretary may not enter into agreements under subsection (a) after September 30, 2017.
(Added Pub. L. 102–54, §9(a), June 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 272, §1835; renumbered §3735, Pub. L. 102–83, §5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; amended Pub. L. 102–590, §§8, 9, Nov. 10, 1992, 106 Stat. 5140; Pub. L. 103–446, title XII, §1201(d)(13), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4684; Pub. L. 104–110, title I, §101(h), Feb. 13, 1996, 110 Stat. 768; Pub. L. 105–114, title II, §203(a), Nov. 21, 1997, 111 Stat. 2288; Pub. L. 105–368, title VI, §602(e)(1)(G), Nov. 11, 1998, 112 Stat. 3347; Pub. L. 106–117, title IX, §902, Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1587; renumbered §2041, Pub. L. 107–95, §5(c), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 918; Pub. L. 108–170, title IV, §404, Dec. 6, 2003, 117 Stat. 2063; Pub. L. 109–444, §8(a)(5), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3313; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §705, title X, §§1004(a)(5), 1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440, 3465, 3468; Pub. L. 112–37, §10(e), Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–191, title II, §205, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1439; Pub. L. 113–59, §10, Dec. 20, 2013, 127 Stat. 662; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §205, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 114–58, title III, §303, Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 534; Pub. L. 114–228, title III, §304, Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 939.)
2016—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–228 substituted "September 30, 2017" for "September 30, 2016".
2015—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–58 substituted "September 30, 2016" for "September 30, 2015".
2014—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–175 substituted "September 30, 2015" for "December 31, 2014".
2013—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–59 substituted "December 31, 2014" for "December 31, 2013".
2012—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–191 substituted "December 31, 2013" for "December 31, 2012".
2011—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 112–37 substituted "December 31, 2012" for "December 31, 2011".
2006—Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b), provided that as of the enactment of Pub. L. 109–461, the amendments made by Pub. L. 109–444 were deemed for all purposes not to have taken effect and that Pub. L. 109–444 ceased to be in effect. See Amendment notes below and section 1006(b) of Pub. L. 109–461, set out as a Coordination of Provisions With Pub. L. 109–444 note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 109–461, §1004(a)(5), substituted "established under section 3722 of this title" for "under this chapter".
Pub. L. 109–444, which substituted "established under section 3722 of this title" for "under this chapter", was terminated by Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b). See Amendment notes above.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–461, §705, substituted "December 31, 2011" for "December 31, 2008".
2003—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–170 substituted "December 31, 2008" for "December 31, 2003".
2001—Pub. L. 107–95 renumbered section 3735 of this title as this section.
1999—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–117 substituted "December 31, 2003" for "December 31, 1999".
1998—Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 105–368 substituted "Veterans Housing Benefit Program Fund" for "Loan Guaranty Revolving Fund and the Guaranty and Indemnity Fund".
1997—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–114 substituted "December 31, 1999" for "December 31, 1997".
1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–110 substituted "December 31, 1997" for "December 31, 1995".
1994—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 103–446 substituted "section 5902" for "section 3402".
1992—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–590, §8(a)(1), inserted ", lease, lease with an option to purchase, or donate" after "sell" and "or lease or donation" after "sale".
Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 102–590, §8(a)(2), inserted ", leased, or donated" after "sold" in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (a)(4) to (6). Pub. L. 102–590, §8(a)(3), (4), added pars. (4) and (5) and redesignated former par. (4) as (6).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–590, §9(a)(2), added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).
Pub. L. 102–590, §8(b), substituted "December 31, 1995" for "September 30, 1993".
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–590, §9(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c).
1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 1835 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §304, Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1185, provided that:
"(a) In General.—The Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall consider entering into contracts or agreements, under sections 513 and 8153 of title 38, United States Code, with eligible entities to collaborate with the Secretary in the provision of case management services to covered veterans as part of the supported housing program carried out under section 8(o)(19) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f(o)(19)) to ensure that the homeless veterans facing the most significant difficulties in obtaining suitable housing receive the assistance they require to obtain such housing.
"(b) Covered Veterans.—For purposes of this section, a covered veteran is any veteran who, at the time of receipt of a housing voucher under such section 8(o)(19)—
"(1) requires the assistance of a case manager in obtaining suitable housing with such voucher; and
"(2) is having difficulty obtaining the amount of such assistance the veteran requires, including because—
"(A) the veteran resides in an area that has a shortage of low-income housing and because of such shortage the veteran requires more assistance from a case manager than the Secretary otherwise provides;
"(B) the location in which the veteran resides is located at such distance from facilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs as makes the provision of case management services by the Secretary to such veteran impractical; or
"(C) the veteran resides in an area where veterans who receive case management services from the Secretary under such section have a significantly lower average rate of successfully obtaining suitable housing than the average rate of successfully obtaining suitable housing for all veterans receiving such services.
"(c) Eligible Entities.—For purposes of this section, an eligible entity is any State or local government agency, tribal organization (as such term is defined in section 4 of the Indian Self[-]Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b) [now 25 U.S.C. 5304]), or nonprofit organization that—
"(1) under a contract or agreement described in subsection (a), agrees—
"(A) to ensure access to case management services by covered veterans on an as-needed basis;
"(B) to maintain referral networks for covered veterans for purposes of assisting covered veterans in demonstrating eligibility for assistance and additional services under entitlement and assistance programs available for covered veterans, and to otherwise aid covered veterans in obtaining such assistance and services;
"(C) to ensure the confidentiality of records maintained by the entity on covered veterans receiving services through the supported housing program described in subsection (a);
"(D) to establish such procedures for fiscal control and fund accounting as the Secretary of Veterans Affairs considers appropriate to ensure proper disbursement and accounting of funds under a contract or agreement entered into by the entity as described in subsection (a);
"(E) to submit to the Secretary each year, in such form and such manner as the Secretary may require, a report on the collaboration undertaken by the entity under a contract or agreement described in such subsection during the most recent fiscal year, including a description of, for the year covered by the report—
"(i) the services and assistance provided to covered veterans as part of such collaboration;
"(ii) the process by which covered veterans were referred to the entity for such services and assistance;
"(iii) the specific goals jointly set by the entity and the Secretary for the provision of such services and assistance and whether the entity achieved such goals; and
"(iv) the average length of time taken by a covered veteran who received such services and assistance to successfully obtain suitable housing and the average retention rate of such a veteran in such housing; and
"(F) to meet such other requirements as the Secretary considers appropriate for purposes of providing assistance to covered veterans in obtaining suitable housing; and
"(2) has demonstrated experience in—
"(A) identifying and serving homeless veterans, especially those who have the greatest difficulty obtaining suitable housing;
"(B) working collaboratively with the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Department of Housing and Urban Development;
"(C) conducting outreach to, and maintaining relationships with, landlords to encourage and facilitate participation by landlords in supported housing programs similar to the supported housing program described in subsection (a);
"(D) mediating disputes between landlords and veterans receiving assistance under such supported housing program; and
"(E) carrying out such other activities as the Secretary of Veterans Affairs considers appropriate.
"(d) Consultation.—In considering entering into contracts or agreements as described in subsection (a), the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall consult with—
"(1) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; and
"(2) third parties that provide services as part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development continuum of care.
"(e) Technical Assistance for Collaborating Entities.—
"(1) In general.—The Secretary may provide training and technical assistance to entities with whom the Secretary collaborates in the provision of case management services to veterans as part of the supported housing program described in subsection (a).
"(2) Grants.—The Secretary may provide training and technical assistance under paragraph (1) through the award of grants or contracts to appropriate public and nonprofit private entities.
"(3) Funding.—From amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the Secretary in the Medical Services account in a year, $500,000 shall be available to the Secretary in that year to carry out this subsection.
"(f) Annual Report.—
"(1) In general.—Not later than 545 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 6, 2012] and not less frequently than once each year thereafter, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall submit to Congress a report on the collaboration between the Secretary and eligible entities in the provision of case management services as described in subsection (a) during the most recently completed fiscal year.
"(2) Elements.—Each report required by paragraph (1) shall include, for the period covered by the report, the following:
"(A) A discussion of each case in which a contract or agreement described in subsection (a) was considered by the Secretary, including a description of whether or not and why the Secretary chose or did not choose to enter into such contract or agreement.
"(B) The number and types of eligible entities with whom the Secretary has entered into a contract or agreement as described in subsection (a).
"(C) A description of the geographic regions in which such entities provide case management services as described in such subsection.
"(D) A description of the number and types of covered veterans who received case management services from such entities under such contracts or agreements.
"(E) An assessment of the performance of each eligible entity with whom the Secretary entered into a contract or agreement as described in subsection (a).
"(F) An assessment of the benefits to covered veterans of such contracts and agreements.
"(G) A discussion of the benefits of increasing the ratio of case managers to recipients of vouchers under the supported housing program described in such subsection to veterans who reside in rural areas.
"(H) Such recommendations for legislative or administrative action as the Secretary considers appropriate for the improvement of collaboration in the provision of case management services under such supported housing program."
§2042. Supported housing for veterans participating in compensated work therapies
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 913.)
§2043. Domiciliary care programs
(a) Authority.—The Secretary may establish up to 10 programs under section 1710(b) of this title (in addition to any program that is established as of the date of the enactment of this section) to provide domiciliary services under such section to homeless veterans.
(b) Enhancement of Capacity of Domiciliary Care Programs for Female Veterans.—The Secretary shall take appropriate actions to ensure that the domiciliary care programs of the Department are adequate, with respect to capacity and with respect to safety, to meet the needs of veterans who are women.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 913; amended Pub. L. 110–387, title VI, §603, Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4132.)
2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–387 amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2003 and 2004 to establish the programs referred to in subsection (a)."
§2044. Financial assistance for supportive services for very low-income veteran families in permanent housing
(a) Distribution of Financial Assistance.—(1) The Secretary shall provide financial assistance to eligible entities approved under this section to provide and coordinate the provision of supportive services described in subsection (b) for very low-income veteran families occupying permanent housing.
(2) Financial assistance under this section shall consist of grants for each such family for which an approved eligible entity is providing or coordinating the provision of supportive services.
(3)(A) The Secretary shall provide such grants to each eligible entity that is providing or coordinating the provision of supportive services.
(B) The Secretary is authorized to establish intervals of payment for the administration of such grants and establish a maximum amount to be awarded, in accordance with the services being provided and their duration.
(4) In providing financial assistance under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give preference to entities providing or coordinating the provision of supportive services for very low-income veteran families who are transitioning from homelessness to permanent housing.
(5) The Secretary shall ensure that, to the extent practicable, financial assistance under this subsection is equitably distributed across geographic regions, including rural communities and tribal lands.
(6) Each entity receiving financial assistance under this section to provide supportive services to a very low-income veteran family shall notify that family that such services are being paid for, in whole or in part, by the Department.
(7) The Secretary may require entities receiving financial assistance under this section to submit a report to the Secretary that describes the projects carried out with such financial assistance.
(b) Supportive Services.—The supportive services referred to in subsection (a) are the following:
(1) Services provided by an eligible entity or a subcontractor of an eligible entity that address the needs of very low-income veteran families occupying permanent housing, including—
(C) assistance in obtaining any benefits from the Department which the veteran may be eligible to receive, including, but not limited to, vocational and rehabilitation counseling, employment and training service, educational assistance, and health care services; and
(D) assistance in obtaining and coordinating the provision of other public benefits provided in Federal, State, or local agencies, or any organization defined in subsection (f), including—
(i) health care services (including obtaining health insurance);
(v) income support services;
(vii) legal services to assist the veteran family with issues that interfere with the family's ability to obtain or retain housing or supportive services;
(viii) child care;
(ix) housing counseling; and
(x) other services necessary for maintaining independent living.
(2) Services described in paragraph (1) that are delivered to very low-income veteran families who are homeless and who are scheduled to become residents of permanent housing within 90 days pending the location or development of housing suitable for permanent housing.
(3) Services described in paragraph (1) for very low-income veteran families who have voluntarily chosen to seek other housing after a period of tenancy in permanent housing, that are provided, for a period of 90 days after such families exit permanent housing or until such families commence receipt of other housing services adequate to meet their current needs, but only to the extent that services under this paragraph are designed to support such families in their choice to transition into housing that is responsive to their individual needs and preferences.
(c) Application for Financial Assistance.—(1) An eligible entity seeking financial assistance under subsection (a) shall submit to the Secretary an application therefor in such form, in such manner, and containing such commitments and information as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this section.
(2) Each application submitted by an eligible entity under paragraph (1) shall contain—
(A) a description of the supportive services proposed to be provided by the eligible entity and the identified needs for those services;
(B) a description of the types of very low-income veteran families proposed to be provided such services;
(C) an estimate of the number of very low-income veteran families proposed to be provided such services;
(D) evidence of the experience of the eligible entity in providing supportive services to very low-income veteran families; and
(E) a description of the managerial capacity of the eligible entity—
(i) to coordinate the provision of supportive services with the provision of permanent housing by the eligible entity or by other organizations;
(ii) to assess continuously the needs of very low-income veteran families for supportive services;
(iii) to coordinate the provision of supportive services with the services of the Department;
(iv) to tailor supportive services to the needs of very low-income veteran families; and
(v) to seek continuously new sources of assistance to ensure the long-term provision of supportive services to very low-income veteran families.
(3) The Secretary shall establish criteria for the selection of eligible entities to be provided financial assistance under this section.
(d) Technical Assistance.—(1) The Secretary shall provide training and technical assistance to participating eligible entities regarding the planning, development, and provision of supportive services to very low-income veteran families occupying permanent housing, through the Technical Assistance grants program in section 2064 of this title.
(2) The Secretary may provide the training described in paragraph (1) directly or through grants or contracts with appropriate public or nonprofit private entities.
(e) Funding.—(1) From amounts appropriated to the Department for Medical Services, there shall be available to carry out subsections (a), (b), and (c) amounts as follows:
(A) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.
(B) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.
(C) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.
(D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
(E) $320,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017.
(F) $340,000,000 for fiscal year 2018.
(G) $380,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2021.
(2) Not more than $750,000 may be available under paragraph (1) in any fiscal year to provide technical assistance under subsection (d).
(3) There is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2009 through 2012 to carry out the provisions of subsection (d).
(1) The term "consumer cooperative" has the meaning given such term in section 202 of the Housing Act of 1959 (12 U.S.C. 1701q).
(2) The term "eligible entity" means—
(A) a private nonprofit organization; or
(B) a consumer cooperative.
(3) The term "homeless" has the meaning given that term in section 103 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11302).
(4) The term "permanent housing" means community-based housing without a designated length of stay.
(5) The term "private nonprofit organization" means any of the following:
(A) Any incorporated private institution or foundation—
(ii) which has a governing board that is responsible for the operation of the supportive services provided under this section; and
(iii) which is approved by the Secretary as to financial responsibility.
(B) A for-profit limited partnership, the sole general partner of which is an organization meeting the requirements of clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) of subparagraph (A).
(C) A corporation wholly owned and controlled by an organization meeting the requirements of clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) of subparagraph (A).
(D) A tribally designated housing entity (as defined in section 4 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4103)).
(6)(A) Subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), the term "very low-income veteran family" means a veteran family whose income does not exceed 50 percent of the median income for an area specified by the Secretary for purposes of this section, as determined by the Secretary in accordance with this paragraph.
(B) The Secretary shall make appropriate adjustments to the income requirement under subparagraph (A) based on family size.
(C) The Secretary may establish an income ceiling higher or lower than 50 percent of the median income for an area if the Secretary determines that such variations are necessary because the area has unusually high or low construction costs, fair market rents (as determined under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f)), or family incomes.
(7) The term "veteran family" includes a veteran who is a single person and a family in which the head of household or the spouse of the head of household is a veteran.
(Added Pub. L. 110–387, title VI, §604(b)(1), Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4132; amended Pub. L. 111–275, title X, §1001(e), Oct. 13, 2010, 124 Stat. 2896; Pub. L. 112–37, §12, Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §305(c), Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1187; Pub. L. 113–37, §2(f)(2), Sept. 30, 2013, 127 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §206, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 114–58, title III, §304, title VI, §601(9), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 534, 538; Pub. L. 114–228, title III, §305, Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 939; Pub. L. 115–62, title III, §304, Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 115–251, title I, §145, Sept. 29, 2018, 132 Stat. 3170; Pub. L. 116–61, §4, Sept. 30, 2019, 133 Stat. 1116.)
Pub. L. 112–37, §12, Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397, which directed amendment of "section 2044" without specifying the Code title to be amended, was executed to this section, which is section 2044 of Title 38, Veterans' Benefits, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See 2011 Amendment notes below.
2019—Subsec. (e)(1)(G). Pub. L. 116–61 substituted "each of fiscal years 2019 through 2021" for "fiscal year 2019".
2018—Subsec. (e)(1)(F), (G). Pub. L. 115–251 added subpars. (F) and (G) and struck out former subpar. (F) which read as follows: "$320,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2019."
2017—Subsec. (e)(1)(F). Pub. L. 115–62 added subpar. (F).
2016—Subsec. (e)(1)(E). Pub. L. 114–228 amended subpar. (E) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (E) read as follows: "$300,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2016."
2015—Subsec. (b)(1)(D). Pub. L. 114–58, §601(9), substituted "Federal" for "federal" in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (e)(1)(E). Pub. L. 114–58, §304, substituted "fiscal years 2015 through 2016" for "fiscal years 2013 through 2015".
2014—Subsec. (e)(1)(E). Pub. L. 113–175 substituted "fiscal years 2013 through 2015" for "fiscal years 2013 and 2014".
2013—Subsec. (e)(1)(E). Pub. L. 113–37 substituted "for each of fiscal years 2013 and 2014" for "for fiscal year 2013".
2012—Subsec. (e)(1)(E). Pub. L. 112–154 added subpar. (E).
2011—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 112–37, §12(b), substituted "subsections" for "subsection" in introductory provisions. See Codification note above.
Subsec. (e)(1)(D). Pub. L. 112–37, §12(a)(1), added subpar. (D). See Codification note above.
Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 112–37, §12(a)(2), substituted "2012" for "2011". See Codification note above.
2010—Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 111–275 substituted "fiscal years" for "fiscal year".
Pub. L. 110–387, title VI, §604(a), Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4132, provided that: "The purpose of this section [enacting this section] is to facilitate the provision of supportive services for very low-income veteran families in permanent housing."
§2061. Grant program for homeless veterans with special needs
(a) Establishment.—The Secretary shall carry out a program to make grants to health care facilities of the Department and to entities eligible for grants and per diem payments under sections 2011 and 2012 of this title in order to encourage development by those facilities and entities of programs for homeless veterans with special needs.
(b) Homeless Veterans With Special Needs.—For purposes of this section, homeless veterans with special needs include homeless veterans who are—
(c) Provision of Services to Dependents.—A recipient of a grant under subsection (a) may use amounts under the grant to provide services directly to a dependent of a homeless veteran with special needs who is under the care of such homeless veteran while such homeless veteran receives services from the grant recipient under this section.
(d) Funding.—(1) From amounts appropriated to the Department for "Medical Services" for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2020, $5,000,000 shall be available for each such fiscal year for the purposes of the program under this section.
(2) The Secretary shall ensure that funds for grants under this section are designated for the first three years of operation of the program under this section as a special purpose program for which funds are not allocated through the Veterans Equitable Resource Allocation system.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 913; amended Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §706, Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440; Pub. L. 112–37, §13, Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–154, title III, §§303, 305(d), Aug. 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 1184, 1188; Pub. L. 113–37, §2(f)(3), Sept. 30, 2013, 127 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §207, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 114–58, title III, §305, Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 534; Pub. L. 114–228, title III, §306, Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 939; Pub. L. 115–62, title III, §305, Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 115–251, title I, §146, Sept. 29, 2018, 132 Stat. 3170.)
2018—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 115–251 substituted "2020" for "2019".
2017—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 115–62 substituted "2019" for "2017".
2016—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 114–228 substituted "2017" for "2016".
2015—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 114–58 substituted "2016" for "2015".
2014—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 113–175 substituted "2015" for "2014".
2013—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 113–37 substituted "2007 through 2014" for "2007 through 2013".
2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–154, §303(a), substituted "to entities eligible for grants and per diem payments under sections 2011 and 2012 of this title" for "to grant and per diem providers" and "by those facilities and entities" for "by those facilities and providers".
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 112–154, §303(b)(1), struck out ", including women who have care of minor dependents" at end.
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 112–154, §303(b)(2)–(4), added par. (5).
Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 112–154, §303(c), added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsec. (c) as (d).
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 112–154, §305(d), which directed amendment of subsec. (c)(1) by substituting "through 2013" for "through 2012", was executed to subsec. (d)(1) to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the intervening amendment by Pub. L. 112–154, §303(c)(1).
2011—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 112–37 substituted "2012" for "2011".
2006—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 109–461 substituted "Medical Services" for "Medical Care" and "fiscal years 2007 through 2011" for "fiscal years 2003, 2004, and 2005".
Pub. L. 107–95, §7, Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 919, required the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to conduct a study of the effectiveness during fiscal year 2002 through fiscal year 2004 of the grant program under this section in meeting the needs of homeless veterans with special needs and to submit to Congress a report on the study not later than Mar. 31, 2005.
§2062. Dental care
(a) In General.—For purposes of section 1712(a)(1)(H) of this title, outpatient dental services and treatment of a dental condition or disability of a veteran described in subsection (b) shall be considered to be medically necessary, subject to subsection (c), if—
(1) the dental services and treatment are necessary for the veteran to successfully gain or regain employment;
(2) the dental services and treatment are necessary to alleviate pain; or
(3) the dental services and treatment are necessary for treatment of moderate, severe, or severe and complicated gingival and periodontal pathology.
(b) Eligible Veterans.—Subsection (a) applies to a veteran—
(1) who is enrolled for care under section 1705(a) of this title; and
(2) who, for a period of 60 consecutive days, is receiving care (directly or by contract) in any of the following settings:
(A) A domiciliary under section 1710 of this title.
(B) A therapeutic residence under section 2032 of this title.
(C) Community residential care coordinated by the Secretary under section 1730 of this title.
(D) A setting for which the Secretary provides funds for a grant and per diem provider.
(3) For purposes of paragraph (2), in determining whether a veteran has received treatment for a period of 60 consecutive days, the Secretary may disregard breaks in the continuity of treatment for which the veteran is not responsible.
(c) Limitation.—Dental benefits provided by reason of this section shall be a one-time course of dental care provided in the same manner as the dental benefits provided to a newly discharged veteran.
§2063. Employment assistance
The Secretary may authorize homeless veterans receiving care through vocational rehabilitation programs to participate in the compensated work therapy program under section 1718 of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 914.)
§2064. Technical assistance grants for nonprofit community-based groups
(a) Grant Program.—The Secretary shall carry out a program to make grants to entities or organizations with expertise in preparing grant applications. Under the program, the entities or organizations receiving grants shall provide technical assistance to nonprofit community-based groups with experience in providing assistance to homeless veterans in order to assist such groups in applying for grants under this chapter and other grants relating to addressing problems of homeless veterans.
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.—There are authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2012 to carry out the program under this section.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 914; amended Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §707, Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440.)
2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–461 amended heading and text of subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "There is authorized to be appropriated $750,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2005 to carry out the program under this section."
§2065. Annual report on assistance to homeless veterans
(a) Annual Report.—Not later than June 15 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Veterans' Affairs of the Senate and House of Representatives a report on the activities of the Department during the calendar year preceding the report under programs of the Department under this chapter and other programs of the Department for the provision of assistance to homeless veterans.
(b) General Contents of Report.—Each report under subsection (a) shall include the following:
(1) The number of homeless veterans provided assistance under the programs referred to in subsection (a).
(2) The cost to the Department of providing such assistance under those programs.
(3) The Secretary's evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs of the Department in providing assistance to homeless veterans, including—
(A) residential work-therapy programs;
(B) programs combining outreach, community-based residential treatment, and case-management; and
(C) contract care programs for alcohol and drug-dependence or use disabilities.
(4) The Secretary's evaluation of the effectiveness of programs established by recipients of grants under section 2011 of this title and a description of the experience of those recipients in applying for and receiving grants from the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to serve primarily homeless persons who are veterans.
(5) Information on the efforts of the Secretary to coordinate the delivery of housing and services to homeless veterans with other Federal departments and agencies, including—
(C) the Department of Housing and Urban Development;
(E) the Department of Labor;
(F) the Interagency Council on Homelessness;
(G) the Social Security Administration; and
(H) any other Federal department or agency with which the Secretary coordinates the delivery of housing and services to homeless veterans.
(6) Any other information on those programs and on the provision of such assistance that the Secretary considers appropriate.
(c) Health Care Contents of Report.—Each report under subsection (a) shall include, with respect to programs of the Department addressing health care needs of homeless veterans, the following:
(1) Information about expenditures, costs, and workload under the program of the Department known as the Health Care for Homeless Veterans program (HCHV).
(2) Information about the veterans contacted through that program.
(3) Information about program treatment outcomes under that program.
(4) Information about supported housing programs.
(5) Information about the Department's grant and per diem provider program under subchapter II of this chapter.
(6) The findings and conclusions of the assessments of the medical needs of homeless veterans conducted under section 2034(b) of this title.
(7) Other information the Secretary considers relevant in assessing those programs.
(d) Benefits Content of Report.—Each report under subsection (a) shall include, with respect to programs and activities of the Veterans Benefits Administration in processing of claims for benefits of homeless veterans during the preceding year, the following:
(1) Information on costs, expenditures, and workload of Veterans Benefits Administration claims evaluators in processing claims for benefits of homeless veterans.
(2) Information on the filing of claims for benefits by homeless veterans.
(3) Information on efforts undertaken to expedite the processing of claims for benefits of homeless veterans.
(4) Other information that the Secretary considers relevant in assessing the programs and activities.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 914; amended Pub. L. 108–170, title IV, §405(b), Dec. 6, 2003, 117 Stat. 2063; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §708, Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3440; Pub. L. 110–387, title IX, §901(a)(2), Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4142.)
2008—Subsec. (b)(3)(C). Pub. L. 110–387 struck out closing parenthesis after "disabilities".
2006—Subsec. (b)(5), (6). Pub. L. 109–461 added par. (5) and redesignated former par. (5) as (6).
2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–170 substituted "June 15 of each year" for "April 15 of each year".
§2066. Advisory Committee on Homeless Veterans
(a) Establishment.—(1) There is established in the Department the Advisory Committee on Homeless Veterans (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Committee").
(2) The Committee shall consist of not more than 15 members appointed by the Secretary from among the following:
(B) Advocates of homeless veterans and other homeless individuals.
(C) Community-based providers of services to homeless individuals.
(D) Previously homeless veterans.
(E) State veterans affairs officials.
(F) Experts in the treatment of individuals with mental illness.
(G) Experts in the treatment of substance use disorders.
(H) Experts in the development of permanent housing alternatives for lower income populations.
(I) Experts in vocational rehabilitation.
(J) Such other organizations or groups as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(3) The Committee shall include, as ex officio members, the following:
(A) The Secretary of Labor (or a representative of the Secretary selected after consultation with the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Veterans' Employment).
(B) The Secretary of Defense (or a representative of the Secretary).
(C) The Secretary of Health and Human Services (or a representative of the Secretary).
(D) The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (or a representative of the Secretary).
(E) The Executive Director of the Interagency Council on Homelessness (or a representative of the Executive Director).
(F) The Under Secretary for Health (or a representative of the Under Secretary after consultation with the Director of the Office of Homeless Veterans Programs).
(G) The Under Secretary for Benefits (or a representative of the Under Secretary after consultation with the Director of the Office of Homeless Veterans Programs).
(4)(A) The Secretary shall determine the terms of service and allowances of the members of the Committee, except that a term of service may not exceed three years. The Secretary may reappoint any member for additional terms of service.
(B) Members of the Committee shall serve without pay. Members may receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence for travel in connection with their duties as members of the Committee.
(b) Duties.—(1) The Secretary shall consult with and seek the advice of the Committee on a regular basis with respect to the provision by the Department of benefits and services to homeless veterans.
(2) In providing advice to the Secretary under this subsection, the Committee shall—
(A) assemble and review information relating to the needs of homeless veterans;
(B) provide an on-going assessment of the effectiveness of the policies, organizational structures, and services of the Department in assisting homeless veterans; and
(C) provide on-going advice on the most appropriate means of providing assistance to homeless veterans.
(A) review the continuum of services provided by the Department directly or by contract in order to define cross-cutting issues and to improve coordination of all services with the Department that are involved in addressing the special needs of homeless veterans;
(B) identify (through the annual assessments under section 2034 of this title and other available resources) gaps in programs of the Department in serving homeless veterans, including identification of geographic areas with unmet needs, and provide recommendations to address those gaps;
(C) identify gaps in existing information systems on homeless veterans, both within and outside the Department, and provide recommendations about redressing problems in data collection;
(D) identify barriers under existing laws and policies to effective coordination by the Department with other Federal agencies and with State and local agencies addressing homeless populations;
(E) identify opportunities for increased liaison by the Department with nongovernmental organizations and individual groups providing services to homeless populations;
(F) with appropriate officials of the Department designated by the Secretary, participate with the Interagency Council on the Homeless under title II of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11311 et seq.);
(G) recommend appropriate funding levels for specialized programs for homeless veterans provided or funded by the Department;
(H) recommend appropriate placement options for veterans who, because of advanced age, frailty, or severe mental illness, may not be appropriate candidates for vocational rehabilitation or independent living; and
(I) perform such other functions as the Secretary may direct.
(c) Reports.—(1) Not later than March 31 of each year, the Committee shall submit to the Secretary a report on the programs and activities of the Department that relate to homeless veterans. Each such report shall include—
(A) an assessment of the needs of homeless veterans;
(B) a review of the programs and activities of the Department designed to meet such needs;
(C) a review of the activities of the Committee; and
(D) such recommendations (including recommendations for administrative and legislative action) as the Committee considers appropriate.
(d) Termination.—The Committee shall cease to exist September 30, 2022.
(Added Pub. L. 107–95, §5(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 916; amended Pub. L. 109–444, §2(e), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3304; Pub. L. 109–461, title VII, §709, title X, §1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3441, 3468; Pub. L. 112–37, §10(f), Oct. 5, 2011, 125 Stat. 397; Pub. L. 112–191, title II, §206, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1439; Pub. L. 113–59, §11, Dec. 20, 2013, 127 Stat. 663; Pub. L. 113–175, title II, §208, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 114–58, title III, §306, Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 534; Pub. L. 114–228, title III, §307, Sept. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 939; Pub. L. 115–62, title III, §306, Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 115–251, title I, §147, Sept. 29, 2018, 132 Stat. 3170.)
The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(F), is Pub. L. 100–77, July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 482, as amended. Title II of the Act is classified generally to subchapter II (§11311 et seq.) of chapter 119 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 11301 of Title 42 and Tables.
2018—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–251 substituted "September 30, 2022" for "September 30, 2018".
2017—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–62 substituted "September 30, 2018" for "December 31, 2017".
2016—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–228 substituted "December 31, 2017" for "December 31, 2016".
2015—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–58 substituted "December 31, 2016" for "December 31, 2015".
2014—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–175 substituted "December 31, 2015" for "December 31, 2014".
2011—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 112–37 substituted "December 31, 2012" for "December 30, 2011".
2006—Subsec. (a)(3)(E) to (G). Pub. L. 109–461, §709(a), added subpars. (E) to (G).
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–461, §1006(b), provided that as of the enactment of Pub. L. 109–461, the amendments made by Pub. L. 109–444 were deemed for all purposes not to have taken effect and that Pub. L. 109–444 ceased to be in effect. See Amendment notes below and section 1006(b) of Pub. L. 109–461, set out as a Coordination of Provisions With Pub. L. 109–444 note under section 101 of this title.
Pub. L. 109–461, §709(b), substituted "December 30, 2011" for "December 31, 2006".
Interagency Council on the Homeless changed to United States Interagency Council on Homelessness by Pub. L. 108–199, div. G, title II, §216, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 394.
§2067. National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans
(a) In General.—(1) The Secretary shall establish and operate a center to carry out the functions described in subsection (b).
(2) The center established under paragraph (1) shall be known as the "National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans".
(3) To the degree practicable, the Secretary shall operate the center established under paragraph (1) independently of the other programs of the Department that address homelessness among veterans.
(b) Functions.—The functions described in this subsection are as follows:
(1) To carry out and promote research into the causes and contributing factors to veteran homelessness.
(2) To assess the effectiveness of programs of the Department to meet the needs of homeless veterans.
(3) To identify and disseminate best practices with regard to housing stabilization, income support, employment assistance, community partnerships, and such other matters as the Secretary considers appropriate with respect to addressing veteran homelessness.
(4) To integrate evidence-based and best practices, policies, and programs into programs of the Department for homeless veterans and veterans at risk of homelessness and to ensure that the staff of the Department and community partners can implement such practices, policies, and programs.
(5) To serve as a resource center for, and promote and seek to coordinate the exchange of information regarding, all research and training activities carried out by the Department and by other Federal and non-Federal entities with respect to veteran homelessness.
(Added Pub. L. 114–315, title VII, §713(a), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1588.)