Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US8080833?dq=645576
Timestamp: 2013-12-21 02:03:18
Document Index: 452128612

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 2', 'Application No. 2003303485', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 02803675', 'Application No. 02806723', 'Application No. 02806723', 'Application No. 02806723', 'Application No. 02806723', 'Application No. 03808366', 'Application No. 06844804', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2004', 'Application No. 2004', 'Application No. 91137050', 'Application No. 03808366']

Patent US8080833 - Thick pseudomorphic nitride epitaxial layers - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsIn various embodiments, a semiconductor device includes an aluminum nitride single-crystal substrate, a pseudomorphic strained layer disposed thereover that comprises at least one of AlN, GaN, InN, or an alloy thereof, and, disposed over the strained layer, a semiconductor layer that is lattice-mismatched...http://www.google.com/patents/US8080833?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8080833 - Thick pseudomorphic nitride epitaxial layersAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS8080833 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 12/764,584Publication dateDec 20, 2011Filing dateApr 21, 2010Priority dateJan 26, 2007Also published asUS20100264460, US20120104355Publication number12764584, 764584, US 8080833 B2, US 8080833B2, US-B2-8080833, US8080833 B2, US8080833B2InventorsJames R. Grandusky, Leo J. Schowalter, Shawn R. Gibb, Joseph A. Smart, Shiwen LiuOriginal AssigneeCrystal Is, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (102), Non-Patent Citations (171), Referenced by (4), Classifications (24), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetThick pseudomorphic nitride epitaxial layersUS 8080833 B2Abstract In various embodiments, a semiconductor device includes an aluminum nitride single-crystal substrate, a pseudomorphic strained layer disposed thereover that comprises at least one of AlN, GaN, InN, or an alloy thereof, and, disposed over the strained layer, a semiconductor layer that is lattice-mismatched to the substrate and substantially relaxed.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3531245Apr 1, 1968Sep 29, 1970Du PontMagnesium-aluminum nitridesUS3600701Mar 14, 1968Aug 17, 1971Gen ElectricSignal generator for producing a set of signals at baseband frequency and with adjustable phase slopeUS3603414Jan 30, 1970Sep 7, 1971Stebley Frank EInsert for drilling unitUS3607014Dec 9, 1968Sep 21, 1971Dow Chemical CoMethod for preparing aluminum nitride and metal fluoride single crystalsUS3634149Oct 25, 1967Jan 11, 1972Philips CorpMethod of manufacturing aluminium nitride crystals for semiconductor devicesUS3768983Nov 3, 1971Oct 30, 1973North American RockwellSingle crystal beryllium oxide growth from calcium oxide-beryllium oxide meltsUS3903357Dec 6, 1971Sep 2, 1975Westinghouse Electric CorpAdaptive gate video gray level measurement and trackerUS3933573Mar 27, 1975Jan 20, 1976The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air ForceAluminum nitride single crystal growth from a molten mixture with calcium nitrideUS4008851Jan 16, 1976Feb 22, 1977Curt G. Joa, Inc.Adhesive tape bag closureUS4088515Apr 4, 1975May 9, 1978International Business Machines CorporationMethod of making semiconductor superlattices free of misfit dislocationsUS4234554Jul 28, 1978Nov 18, 1980Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften E.V.Stable crystalline lithium nitride and process for its preparationUS4547471Nov 18, 1983Oct 15, 1985General Electric CompanyHigh thermal conductivity aluminum nitride ceramic bodyUS5070393Dec 22, 1989Dec 3, 1991Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaAluminum nitride substrate for formation of thin-film conductor layer and semiconductor device using the substrateUS5087949Mar 5, 1991Feb 11, 1992Hewlett-Packard CompanyLight-emitting diode with diagonal facesUS5292487Mar 31, 1992Mar 8, 1994Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Czochralski method using a member for intercepting radiation from raw material molten solution and apparatus thereforUS5312698Aug 11, 1993May 17, 1994Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaAluminum nitride substrate and method for producing sameUS5494861Oct 25, 1994Feb 27, 1996New Japan Radio Co., Ltd.Method for heat-treating a compound semiconductorUS5520785Jul 25, 1994May 28, 1996Motorola, Inc.Method for enhancing aluminum nitrideUS5525320Jul 11, 1994Jun 11, 1996University Of CincinnatiProcess for aluminum nitride powder productionUS5571603Feb 24, 1995Nov 5, 1996Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Aluminum nitride film substrate and process for producing sameUS5670798 *Mar 29, 1995Sep 23, 1997North Carolina State UniversityIntegrated heterostructures of Group III-V nitride semiconductor materials including epitaxial ohmic contact non-nitride buffer layer and methods of fabricating sameUS5703397Nov 8, 1996Dec 30, 1997Tokyo Shibaura Electric CoSemiconductor package having an aluminum nitride substrateUS5728635Aug 1, 1996Mar 17, 1998Ngk Insulators, Ltd.Aluminum nitride sintered bodiesUS5858085May 28, 1997Jan 12, 1999Mitsubishi Materials CorporationMethod for growing a semiconductor single-crystalUS5858086Oct 17, 1996Jan 12, 1999Hunter; Charles EricGrowth of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitrideUS5868837Jan 13, 1998Feb 9, 1999Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.Low temperature method of preparing GaN single crystalsUS5909036Jun 24, 1997Jun 1, 1999Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Group III-V nitride semiconductor deviceUS5924874Jan 28, 1998Jul 20, 1999Ando Electric Co., Ltd.IC socketUS5954874Oct 6, 1997Sep 21, 1999Hunter; Charles EricGrowth of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitride from a meltUS5972109Jul 7, 1998Oct 26, 1999Hunter; Charles EricGrowth of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitrideUS5981980Apr 18, 1997Nov 9, 1999Sony CorporationSemiconductor laminating structureUS6000174Jun 9, 1998Dec 14, 1999Kotobuki CorporationRetractable stairs-like standUS6001748Jun 4, 1997Dec 14, 1999Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Single crystal of nitride and process for preparing the sameUS6006620Dec 1, 1997Dec 28, 1999Chrysler CorporationAutomated manual transmission controllerUS6045612Jul 7, 1998Apr 4, 2000Cree, Inc.Growth of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitrideUS6048813Oct 9, 1998Apr 11, 2000Cree, Inc.Simulated diamond gemstones formed of aluminum nitride and aluminum nitride: silicon carbide alloysUS6063185Oct 9, 1998May 16, 2000Cree, Inc.Production of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitride, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride: silicon carbide alloyUS6066205Jul 27, 1999May 23, 2000Cree, Inc.Growth of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitride from a meltUS6086672Oct 9, 1998Jul 11, 2000Cree, Inc.Growth of bulk single crystals of aluminum nitride: silicon carbide alloysUS6091085Feb 19, 1998Jul 18, 2000Agilent Technologies, Inc.GaN LEDs with improved output coupling efficiencyUS6187089Feb 5, 1999Feb 13, 2001Memc Electronic Materials, Inc.Tungsten doped crucible and method for preparing sameUS6211089Sep 21, 1999Apr 3, 2001Lg Electronics Inc.Method for fabricating GaN substrateUS6270569Jun 11, 1998Aug 7, 2001Hitachi Cable Ltd.Method of fabricating nitride crystal, mixture, liquid phase growth method, nitride crystal, nitride crystal powders, and vapor phase growth methodUS6296956Jul 27, 1999Oct 2, 2001Cree, Inc.Bulk single crystals of aluminum nitrideUS6398867Oct 6, 1999Jun 4, 2002General Electric CompanyCrystalline gallium nitride and method for forming crystalline gallium nitrideUS6404125Oct 20, 1999Jun 11, 2002Sarnoff CorporationMethod and apparatus for performing wavelength-conversion using phosphors with light emitting diodesUS6447604Jun 28, 2000Sep 10, 2002Advanced Technology Materials, Inc.Method for achieving improved epitaxy quality (surface texture and defect density) on free-standing (aluminum, indium, gallium) nitride ((al,in,ga)n) substrates for opto-electronic and electronic devicesUS6468347Sep 27, 2000Oct 22, 2002Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd.Method of growing single crystal GaN, method of making single crystal GaN substrate and single crystal GaN substrateUS6515308Dec 21, 2001Feb 4, 2003Xerox CorporationNitride-based VCSEL or light emitting diode with p-n tunnel junction current injectionUS6548405Apr 2, 2002Apr 15, 2003Micron Technology, Inc.Batch processing for semiconductor wafers to form aluminum nitride and titanium aluminum nitrideUS6592663Jun 8, 2000Jul 15, 2003Ricoh Company Ltd.Production of a GaN bulk crystal substrate and a semiconductor device formed on a GaN bulk crystal substrateUS6596079Mar 13, 2000Jul 22, 2003Advanced Technology Materials, Inc.III-V nitride substrate boule and method of making and using the sameUS6719843Sep 20, 2002Apr 13, 2004Crystal Is, Inc.Powder metallurgy tungsten crucible for aluminum nitride crystal growthUS6770135Dec 20, 2002Aug 3, 2004Crystal Is, Inc.Method and apparatus for producing large, single-crystals of aluminum nitrideUS6777717Sep 5, 2001Aug 17, 2004Gelcore, LlcLED reflector for improved light extractionUS6791119Jan 25, 2002Sep 14, 2004Cree, Inc.Light emitting diodes including modifications for light extractionUS6831302Nov 26, 2003Dec 14, 2004Luminus Devices, Inc.Light emitting devices with improved extraction efficiencyUS6840431Sep 12, 2000Jan 11, 2005Honeywell International Inc.Methods of bonding two aluminum-comprising masses to one anotherUS6861729Mar 18, 2003Mar 1, 2005Nichia CorporationNitride semiconductor substrate and method for manufacturing the same, and nitride semiconductor device using nitride semiconductor substrateUS6936357Jan 31, 2003Aug 30, 2005Technologies And Devices International, Inc.Bulk GaN and ALGaN single crystalsUS6995402Oct 3, 2003Feb 7, 2006Lumileds Lighting, U.S., LlcIntegrated reflector cup for a light emitting device mountUS7026659Jun 3, 2004Apr 11, 2006Cree, Inc.Light emitting diodes including pedestalsUS7037738 *Jan 17, 2003May 2, 2006Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaMethod of manufacturing a semiconductor light-emitting elementUS7037838Nov 20, 2002May 2, 2006Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteMethod for polishing a substrate surfaceUS7056383Feb 13, 2004Jun 6, 2006The Fox Group, Inc.Tantalum based crucibleUS7063741Mar 27, 2002Jun 20, 2006General Electric CompanyHigh pressure high temperature growth of crystalline group III metal nitridesUS7087112Dec 2, 2003Aug 8, 2006Crystal Is, Inc.Nitride ceramics to mount aluminum nitride seed for sublimation growthUS7125734Mar 9, 2005Oct 24, 2006Gelcore, LlcIncreased light extraction from a nitride LEDUS7186580Jan 11, 2005Mar 6, 2007Semileds CorporationLight emitting diodes (LEDs) with improved light extraction by rougheningUS7211146Apr 12, 2004May 1, 2007Crystal Is, Inc.Powder metallurgy crucible for aluminum nitride crystal growthUS7211831Nov 26, 2003May 1, 2007Luminus Devices, Inc.Light emitting device with patterned surfacesUS7244520Aug 11, 2004Jul 17, 2007Nippon Telegraph And Telephone CorporationSubstrate for nitride semiconductor growthUS7250637Mar 30, 2006Jul 31, 2007Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Card type LED illumination sourceUS7274043Jun 18, 2004Sep 25, 2007Luminus Devices, Inc.Light emitting diode systemsUS7276779Aug 30, 2004Oct 2, 2007Hitachi Cable, Ltd.III-V group nitride system semiconductor substrateUS7288152Jul 2, 2004Oct 30, 2007Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Method of manufacturing GaN crystals and GaN crystal substrate, GaN crystals and GaN crystal substrate obtained by the method, and semiconductor device including the sameUS7420218Mar 16, 2005Sep 2, 2008Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Nitride based LED with a p-type injection regionUS7420222Aug 21, 2007Sep 2, 2008Cree, Inc.Light emitting diodes including transparent oxide layersUS7439552Jul 25, 2006Oct 21, 2008Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Semiconductor light-emitting device and method for fabricating the sameUS7476910 *Sep 8, 2005Jan 13, 2009Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaSemiconductor light emitting device and method for manufacturing the sameUS7518158Nov 12, 2004Apr 14, 2009Cree, Inc.Semiconductor light emitting devices and submountsUS7524376Apr 25, 2007Apr 28, 2009Fairfield Crystal Technology, LlcMethod and apparatus for aluminum nitride monocrystal boule growthUS7554128Jun 28, 2005Jun 30, 2009Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.Light-emitting apparatusUS7631986Oct 31, 2007Dec 15, 2009Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V.Lighting device packageUS7638346Aug 14, 2006Dec 29, 2009Crystal Is, Inc.Nitride semiconductor heterostructures and related methodsUS7641735Dec 4, 2006Jan 5, 2010Crystal Is, Inc.Doped aluminum nitride crystals and methods of making themUS7674699May 10, 2006Mar 9, 2010Hitachi Cable, Ltd.III group nitride semiconductor substrate, substrate for group III nitride semiconductor device, and fabrication methods thereofUS7678195Apr 6, 2006Mar 16, 2010North Carolina State UniversitySeeded growth process for preparing aluminum nitride single crystalsUS7713844Sep 7, 2006May 11, 2010Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Nitride semiconductor substrate, and method for working nitride semiconductor substrateUS7755103Aug 3, 2006Jul 13, 2010Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Nitride gallium semiconductor substrate and nitride semiconductor epitaxial substrateUS7776153Nov 3, 2005Aug 17, 2010Crystal Is, Inc.Method and apparatus for producing large, single-crystals of aluminum nitrideUS7803733Mar 25, 2008Sep 28, 2010Ngk Insulators, Ltd.Aluminum nitride sintered body and semiconductor manufacturing apparatus memberUS20010000209Dec 6, 2000Apr 12, 2001Krames Michael R.Led having angled sides for increased side light extractionUS20010024871Jan 31, 2001Sep 27, 2001Fuji Xerox Co.Semiconductor device and method and apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor deviceUS20010051433Nov 4, 1999Dec 13, 2001Francis Alicia F.Use of csoh in a dielectric cmp slurryUS20020170490Feb 4, 2002Nov 21, 2002The Fox Group, Inc.Method and apparatus for growing aluminum nitride monocrystalsUS20030047816Sep 4, 2002Mar 13, 2003Rensselaer Polytechnic InstitutePassivated nanoparticles, method of fabrication thereof, and devices incorporating nanoparticlesUS20030160254Jan 24, 2003Aug 28, 2003Henrichs Joseph ReidFCSEL that frequency doubles its output emissions using sum-frequency generationUS20030168003Dec 20, 2002Sep 11, 2003Schowalter Leo J.Method and apparatus for producing large, single-crystals of aluminum nitrideUS20030213964Dec 6, 2002Nov 20, 2003Flynn Jeffrey S.III-V Nitride homoepitaxial material of improved MOVPE epitaxial quality (surface texture and defect density) formed on free-standing (Al,In,Ga)N substrates, and opto-electronic and electronic devices comprising sameUS20030216011Jun 9, 2003Nov 20, 2003Nichia Chemical Industries Ltd.Light-emitting gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor deviceUS20040130002Aug 25, 2003Jul 8, 2004Nitronex CorporationGallium nitride material devices and methods of forming the same* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Arulkumaran et al., "Improved dc characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors on Aln/sapphire templates," (2002) Applied Physics Letters, vol. 81, No. 6, pp. 1131-1133.2Atobe-JJAP, 29, 150, 1990-F-Type Centers in Neutron-Irradiated AlN.3Atobe�JJAP, 29, 150, 1990�F-Type Centers in Neutron-Irradiated AlN.4Balkas et al., "Sublimation Growth and Characterizations of Bulk Aluminum Nitride Single Crystals," J. Crystal Growth, (1997) 179, p. 363.5Barin, Thermochemical Data of Pure Substances, 2nd Ed., (1993) pp. 42, 1334-1335, 1337, 1381-1382, 1636-1639.6Berzina-RadEFF 157, 1089, 2002-Luminescence mechanisms of O-related defects in AlN.7Berzina�RadEFF 157, 1089, 2002�Luminescence mechanisms of O-related defects in AlN.8Bickerman pssc 0, 1993-1996, 2003-PVT growth of bulk AlN.9Bickerman pssc 0, 1993-1996, 2003�PVT growth of bulk AlN.10Bickerman-APL,103,073522, 2008-Polarization dependent below BG optical absorption of AlN bulk crystals.11Bickerman�APL,103,073522, 2008�Polarization dependent below BG optical absorption of AlN bulk crystals.12Bickermann et al., "Characterization of bulk AlN with low oxygen content," Jrl. of Crys. Growth, vol. 269, Nos. 2-4, pp. 432-442.13Bickermann et al., "Point Defect Content and Optical Transitions in Bulk Aluminum Nitride Crystals," Phys. Stat. Sol. B 246, No. 6, pp. 1181-1183 (2009).14Bockowski et al., "Combustion Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride Under High Pressure of Nitrogen and Nitrogen-Argon Mixtures," 5 J. Mat. Synthesis & Processing 6, (1997) pp. 449-458.15Bolgar et al., "Vaporization of the Nitirides of B, Al, and Ga," in Khim Fiz. Nitrodov, pp. 151-156 (1968) [Chem Abstr. 71, 34003j (1969)].16Bradley-JVacSciTechB 21, 2558, 2003-Deep level defects and doping in high Al mole fraction AlGaN.17Bradley�JVacSciTechB 21, 2558, 2003�Deep level defects and doping in high Al mole fraction AlGaN.18Brunner-JAppPhys 82, 5090, 1997-Optical constants of epitaxial AlGaN films and their temperature dependence.19Brunner�JAppPhys 82, 5090, 1997�Optical constants of epitaxial AlGaN films and their temperature dependence.20Chase et al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 14, Supplement No. 1 (1985).21Chase, J. Phys. Chem., Ref. Data, Monograph No. 9, NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 4th Ed. (1998).22Chitnis et al., "Milliwatt Power AlGaN Quantum Well Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes," Phys. Sat. Sol. (a), (2003) vol. 200, No. 1, pp. 99-101.23Collins-PRB 158, 833, 1967-Lattice vibration spectra of AlN.24Collins�PRB 158, 833, 1967�Lattice vibration spectra of AlN.25Constantin et al., "Mixing rocksalt and wurtzite structure binary nitrides to form novel ternary alloys: ScGaN and MnGaN," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 799 (2004) Z9.5.1.26Cox et al., "On the Preparation, Optical Properties and Electrical Behaviour of Aluminum Nitride," J. Phys. Chem. Solids, (1967) vol. 28, pp. 543-548.27Dalmau et al., Mat. Res. Soc. Proc., (2004) vol. 798, p. Y2.9.1.28DeVries et al., "Phase equilibria pertinent to the growth of cubic boron nitride," J. Cryst. Growth, 13/14 (1972) 88.29Dryburgh, "The Estimation of Maximum Growth Rate for Aluminum Nitride Crystals by Direct Sublimation," J. Crystal Growth, (1992) 125, pp. 65-68.30Dugger, "The single crystal synthesis and some properties of Aluminum Nitride", Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Physical Science Research Papers, No. 656 (Aug. 1, 1975).31Dugger, The synthesis of Aluminum Nitride single crystals:, Mat. Res. Bulletin, 9 (1974) 331.32Edgar�JCrGrwth 310, 4002, 2008-Native oxide and hydroxides and their implications for bulk AlN crystal growth.33Epelbaum et al., "Sublimation growth of bulk AlN crystals: materials compatibility and crystal quality," Mat. Sci. Forum, (2002) 389-393, 1445.34Evans�APL 88, 06112, 2006�EPR of a donor in AlN crystals.35Freitas�APL 83, 2584,2003�Properties of bulk AlN grown by thermodecomposition of AlCl3-NH3.36Freitas�JCrGrwth 281, 168, 2005�Optical studies of bulk and homoepitaxial films of III-V nitride semiconductors.37Freitas�pssb 240, 330, 2003�Shallow donors in GaN.38 *Gaska et al, Applied Physics Letters vol. 81, No. 24 Dec. 9, 2002 "Deep-ultraviolet . . . AlN" pp. 4658-4660.39Gorbatov et al., "Electrical Conductivity of Materials from Mixed Aluminum and Silicon Nitrides," Sov. Powd. Met. Met. Ceram., (1970) vol. 9, pp. 917-920.40Gutierrez�Phil.Mag.Let. 79, 147, 1999�The formation of nanopipes caused by donor impurities in GaN; a theoretical study for the case of oxygen.41Hacke et al., "Photoluminescence Intensity and Spectral Distribution of GaN Films on SiC," (1999) Phys. Stat. Sol. (b), 216, 639.42Hermann et al., "Highly Si-doped AlN Grown by Plasma-Assisted Molecular-Beam Epitaxy," Applied Phys. Letters, (2005) vol. 86, pp. 192108-1-192108-3.43Honda�JJAP 29, L652, 1990�Electron paramagnetic center in neutron-irradiated AlN.44Honig, "Vapor Pressure Data for the Solid and Liquid Elements", RCA Review, vol. 23 (1962).45Hossain�SPIE 2877, 42, 1996�Study of CL spectroscopy of AlN.46International Preliminary Report on Patentability and Written Opinion for PCT/US2006/045540, mailed Jun. 12, 2008.47International Preliminary Report on Patentability and Written Opinion for PCT/US2006/046300, mailed Jun. 12, 2006.48International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2006/022329, mailed Dec. 12, 2006.49International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2007/011075, mailed Jul. 11, 2008.50International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2007/07980, mailed Oct. 12, 2007.51International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2008/000597, mailed May 20, 2008.52International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2008/001003, mailed Aug. 5, 2008.53International Search Report for PCT/US2006/045540, mailed Jul. 6, 2007.54International Search Report for PCT/US2006/046300, mailed May 30, 2007.55Jahnen et al., "Pinholes, Dislocations and Strain Relaxation in InGaN," MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res., (1998) 3:39.56Jones�JMR 14, 4344, 1999�Optical properties of Aln from VUS and ellipsometry.57Kanechika et al., "n-type AlN Layer by Si Ion Implantation," Applied Phys. Letters, (2006) vol. 88, p. 202106.58Karel et al., "The luminescence properties of AlN with Manganese and rare earth activators under ultraviolet and cathode-ray excitation", Czech. J. Phys., B20 (1970) 46.59Karpinski et al., "Equilibrium pressure of N2 over GaN and high pressure solution growth of GaN", J. Cryst. Growth, 66 (1984) 1.60Karpov et al., "Sublimation Growth of AlN in Vacuum and in a Gas Atmosphere," Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), (1999) 176, p. 435.61Kasu et al., "Formation of Solid Solution of Al1-xSixN (0<x?12%) Ternary Alloy," Jap. J. Appl. Phys., (2001) vol. 40, Part 2, No. 10A, pp. L1048-L1050.62Katayama-Yoshida et al., "Codoping method for the Fabrication of Low-Resistivity Wide Band-Gap Semiconductors in p-type GaN, p-type AlN and n-type Diamond: Prediction versus Experiment," 13 J. of Physics: Condensed Matter, pp. 8901-8914 (2001).63Kawabe et al., "Electrical and Optical Properties of AlN-a Thermostable Semiconductor," Elec. Engin. In Japan, (1967) vol. 87, pp. 62-70.64Kazan�Diamond15, 1525, 2006�Phonon dynamics in AlN lattice contaminated by O.65Kazan�JAP, 98, 103529,2005�Oxygen behavior in AlN.66Klemens�PhysB, 316-317,413, 2002�Effect of point defects on the decay of the longitudinal optical mode.67Kordis, "The BeO-MgO system", J. Nuc. Mater., 14 (1964) 322.68Kovalenkov�JCrGrwth 28187, 2005�Thick AlN layers grown by HVPE.69Lawson et al., "Preparation of Single Crystals", Academic Press, New York (1958) pp. 18-20.70Liu et al., "A Global Growth Rate Model for Aluminum Nitride Sublimation," J. Electrochemical Soc., (2002) 149, p. G12.71Liu et al., "Characterization of AlN Crystals Grown by Sublimation," Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), (2001) 18, p. 769.72Liu et al., "Misfit Dislocation Generation in InGaN Epilayers on Free-Standing GaN," Jap. J. Appl. Physics, (2006) 46:22, pp. L549-L551.73Ludwig et al., "Dimers [Al2N4]", Zeitsch. f. Naturforsch., B54 (1999) pp. 461-465.74Mason�PRB 59, 1937, 1999�Optically detected EPR of AlN single crystals.75Matthews et al., "Defects in Epitaxial Multilayers," J. Crystal Growth, (1974) 27, p. 118.76McCluskey�PRL 80 4008 1998�Metastability of oxygen donors in AlGaN.77Meyer�Mat.Scie.EngB71,69,2000�Defects and defect identication in group III-nitrides.78Mokhov et al., "Sublimation growth of AlN bulk crystals in Ta crucibles," Jrl. of Crys. Growth, (Jul. 15, 2005) vol. 281, No. 1, pp. 93-100.79Morita�JJAP 21, 1102, 1982�Optical absorption and CL of epitaxial AlN films.80Naidu et al., Eds. "Phase Diagrams of Binary Tungsten Alloys," Indian Institute of Metals, Calcutta, pp. 7-13 (1991).81Nakahata�JAmCerSoc 80, 1612, 1997�Electron spin resonance analysis of lattice defects in poly AlN.82Nakanishi et al., "Effects of Al Composition on luminescence properties of europim implanted AlxGa1-xN (0∠�∠1)", Phys. Stat. Sol. (c), 0 (2003) 2623.83Nakanishi et al., "Effects of Al Composition on luminescence properties of europim implanted AlxGa1−xN (0∠�∠1)", Phys. Stat. Sol. (c), 0 (2003) 2623.84Nakarmi�APL 94, 091903, 2009�PL studies of impurity transitions Mg-doped AlGaN alloys.85Nam�APL 86, 222108, 2005�Deep Impurity transitions involving cation vacancies and complexes in AlGaN alloys.86Nassau et al., "The Physics and Chemistry of Color," Wiley-Interscience Publication (New York 1983).87Nepal�APL 84, 1091, 2004�Optical properties of the nitrogen vacancyin AlN epilayers.88Nepal�APL 89, 092107, 2006�Photoluminescene studies of impurity transitions in AlGaN alloys.89Niewa et al., "Li3[ScN2]: The first nitridoscandate (III)-Tetrahedral Sc Coordination and unusual MX2 framework", Chem. Eur. J. 9 (2003) 4255.90Niewa et al., "Recent developments in nitride chemistry", Chem. Mater., 10 (1998) 2733.91Niewa et al., "Li3[ScN2]: The first nitridoscandate (III)�Tetrahedral Sc Coordination and unusual MX2 framework", Chem. Eur. J. 9 (2003) 4255.92Noveski et al., "Growth of AlN Crystals on AlN/SiC Seeds by AlN Powder Sublimation in Nitrogen Atmosphere," MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res., (2004) 9, 2.93Noveski et al., "Mass Transfer in AlN Crystal Growth at High Temperatures," J. Crystal Growth, (2004) 264, pp. 369-378.94Office Action in Australian Patent Application No. 2003303485, Oct. 9, 2008, 2 pages.95Office Action in Canadian Patent Application No. 2,467,806, Aug. 13, 2009, 4 pages.96Office Action in Canadian Patent Application No. 2,467,806, Feb. 23, 2010, 2 pages.97Office Action in European Patent Application No. 02803675.4, May 2, 2007, 4 pages.98Office Action in European Patent Application No. 02806723.9, Aug. 8, 2008, 3 pages.99Office Action in European Patent Application No. 02806723.9, dated Feb. 16, 2010 (2 pages).100Office Action in European Patent Application No. 02806723.9, Feb. 7, 2007, 4 pages.101Office Action in European Patent Application No. 02806723.9, Jan. 17, 2008, 4 pages.102Office Action in European Patent Application No. 03808366.3, dated Sep. 28, 2006, 4 pages.103Office Action in European Patent Application No. 06844804.2, Mar. 4, 2009, 3 pages.104Office Action in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-545445, mailed Nov. 10, 2009, 3 pages (translation).105Office Action in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-545445, mailed Sep. 30, 2008, 3 pages (translation).106Office Action in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-579324, May 27, 2008 (English Translation).107Office Action in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-579324, Sep. 8, 2009, 1 page (translation).108Office Action in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-564648, Feb. 3, 2010, 2 pages (translation).109Office Action in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-564648, Jun. 24, 2009, 2 pages (translation).110Office Action in Taiwan Patent Application No. 91137050, Apr. 6, 2004, 1 page (translation).111Pantha�APL 91, 121117, 2007�Correlation between biaxial stress and free exciton transition in AlN.112Parker et al., "Determination of the critical layer thickness in the InGaN/GaN heterostructures," Applied Phys. Letters., (1999) vol. 75, No. 18, pp. 2776-2778.113Partial International Search Report for International Application No. PCT/US07/11075, dated May 7, 2008 (2 pages).114Perry and Rutz�APL 33, p319, 1978�The optical absorption edge of single-crystal AlN prepared by a closed-spaced vapor process.115Proc. of NATO Advanced Study Inst. on Nitrogen Ceramics, University of Kent, Canterbury, U.K. (1976).116Raghothamachar et al., "Synchrotron White Beam Topography Characterization of Physical Vapor Transport Grown AlN and Ammonothermal GaN," J. Crystal Growth, (2002) 246, pp. 271-280.117Raghothamachar et al., "X-ray Characterization of Bulk AlN Single Crystals Grown by the Sublimation Technique," J. Crystal Growth 250(1-2), pp. 244-250 (2003).118Rojo et al., "Growth and Characterization of Epitaxial Layers on Aluminum Nitride Substrates Prepared from Bulk, Single Crystals," J. Crystal Growth, (2002) 240, p. 508.119Rojo et al., "Progress in the Preparation of Aluminum Nitride Substrates from Bulk Cystals," Mat.Res. Soc. Symp. Pro., (2002) vol. 722, pp. 5-13.120Rojo et al., "Report on the Growth of Bulk Aluminum Nitride and Subsequent Substrate Preparation," J. Crystal Growth, (2001) 231, p. 317.121Salzman�pssc 0, 2541, 2003�Reduction of oxygen contamination in AlN.122Sarua�MRS 798, Y17.1, 2004�Effect of impurities on Raman and PL spectra of AlN bulk crystals.123Schlesser et al., "Growth of AlN Bulk Crystals from the Vapor Phase," Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., (2002) 693, p. I9.4.1.124Schlesser et al., "Seeded Growth of AlN Bulk Single Srystals by Sublimation," J. Crystal Growth, 241, pp. 416-420.125Schlesser�JCrGrwth 281, 75, 2005�Crucible materials for growth of aluminum nitride crystals.126Schowalter et al., "Fabrication of Native, Single-Crystal AlN Substrates," Phys. Stat. Sol. (c), (2003) 1-4.127Schweizer�ppsb 219, 171, 2000�Investigation of oxygen-related luminescence centres in AlN ceramic.128Sedhain�APL 93, 014905, 2008�Photoluminescence properties of AlN homeopilayers with different orientations.129Segal et al., "On Mechanisms of Sublimination Growth of AlN bulk Crystals," J. Crystal Gowth, (2000) 211, pp. 68-72.130Shi�APL89, 163127, 2006�Luminescence properties of AlN nanotips.131Shih et al, "High-quality and crack-free A1xGa1-xN (x-0.2) grown on sapphire by a two-step growth method," Jrl. of Crys. Growth, (Apr. 15, 2005) vol. 277, No. 1-4, pp. 44-50.132Silveira et al., "Excitonic Structure of Bulk AlN from Optical Reflectivity and Cathodoluminescense Measurements," Phys. Review B71, 041201� (2006).133Singh et al., "Physical Vapor Transport Growth of Large AlN Crystals," J. Cryst. Growth, (2003) 250, p. 107.134Slack et al., "AlN Single Crystals," J. Crystal Growth, (1977) 42, pp. 560-563.135Slack et al., "Growth of High Purity AlN Crystals," Journal of Crystal Growth, (1976) vol. 34, pp. 263-279.136Slack et al., "Properties of Crucible Materials for Bulk Growth of AlN," Mat. Res. Soc. Proc., (2004) vol. 798, pp. Y10.74.1-Y10.74.4.137Slack et al., "Some Effects of Oxygen Impurities on AlN and GaN," J. Crystal Growth, (2002) 246, pp. 287-298.138Smart et al., "AlGaN/GaN Heterostructures on Insulating AlGaN Nucleation Layers," Appl. Phys. Letters, (1999) 75, p. 388.139Solid State Lighting Report (Dept. of Energy, 2007).140Song, "Strain relaxation due to V-pit formation in InxGa1-xN/GaN epilayers grown on sapphire," J. Applied Phys., (2005) 98: 084906.141Stampfl�PRB 65, 155212, 2002�Theoretical investigation of native defects, impurities and complexes in aluminum nitride.142Strassburg�JAP 96, 5870,2004�Growth and optical properties of large high quality AlN single crystals.143Summons to Attend Oral Proceedings in European Patent Application No. 03808366.3, Dec. 17, 2007, 5 pages.144Sun et al., "Phase relationships in the system Y-Al-O-N", Mater. Letters, 3-4 (1991) 76.145Takeuchi et al., "Optical Properties of Strained AlGaN and GaInN on GaN," Jap. J. Appl. Phys., (1997) vol. 36, pp. L177-L179.146Takeya et al., "Degradation in AlGaInN Lasers," Phys. Stat. Sol. (c), (2003) 0, No. 7, pp. 2292-2295.147Taniyasu et al., "An aluminum nitride light-emitting diode with a wavelength of 210 nanometres", Nature, 441 (2006) 325.148Taniyasu et al., "Intentional control of n-type conduction for Si-doped AlN and AlxGa1-xN (0.42∠�∠1)", Applied Physics Letters, 81 (2002) 1255.149Tavernier et al., "Chemical Mechanical Polishing of Gallium Nitride," Electrochemical and Solid State Latters, v. 5(8), pp. G61-G64 (2002).150Thomas�J.Eur.Cer.Soc. 1991�Determination of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in the AlN lattice.151Tomiya et al., "Dislocations in GaN-Based Laser Diodes on Epitaxial Lateral Overgrown GaN Layers," Phys. Stat. Sol. (a), (2001) vol. 188, No. 1, pp. 69-72.152Trinkler�JphysCondMatt 13, 8931, 2001�Radiation induced recombination processes in AlN ceramics.153Trinkler�RadiationMeasurements 33, 731, 2001�Stimulated luminescence of AlN ceramics induced by UV radiation.154Trinkler�SPIE 2967, 85, 1997�Spectral properties of AlN ceramics.155Tuomisto�JCrGrwth 2008�Characterization of bulk AlN crystals with position annihilation spectroscopy.156Vail�JPhysCondMat18,21225, 2006�The nitrogen vacancy in AlN.157Van de Walle et al., "Doping of AlGaN Alloys," MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res., (1999) 4S1, G10.4, pp. 1-12.158Van de Walle et al., "DX-center Formation in Wurtzite and Zinc-blende AlxGa1-xN," Phys. Rev., (1998) B57, R2033.159Van de Walle�AppPhysRev 95,3852 2004�First principles calculations for defects and impurities�Application s to iii-nitrides.160Vendl et al., "The melting points of some rare-earth metal nitrides as function of the nitrogen pressure", High Temperatures-High Pressures, 9 (1977) 313.161Vendl et al., "The melting points of some rare-earth metal nitrides as function of the nitrogen pressure", High Temperatures�High Pressures, 9 (1977) 313.162Venugopal et al., "Comparison of Various Buffer Schemes to Grow GaN on Large-Area Si(111) Substrates Using Metal-Organic Chemical-Vapor Deposition," 32 J. Electronic Mat., vol. 32, No. 5 (2003) pp. 371-374.163Vinogradov et al., "Determination of the Melting Parameters of Aluminum Nitride," High Temperatures-High Pressures, (1991) 23:685.164Vinogradov et al., "Determination of the Melting Parameters of Aluminum Nitride," High Temperatures�High Pressures, (1991) 23:685.165Watanabe�JMR13,2956,1998�Changes in optical transmittance and surface morphology of AlN thin films exposed to atmosphere.166Wentorf Jr., "Synthesis of the cubic form of boron nitride", J. Chem. Phys., 34 (1961) 809.167Wongchotigul et al., "Low Resistivity Aluminum Nitride:Carbon (AlN:C) Films Grown by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition," 26 Materials Letters, pp. 223-226 (Mar. 1996).168Yamane et al., "Preparation of GaN single crystals using a Na flux", Chem. Mater., 9 (1997) 413.169Yano et al., "Growth of nitride crystals, BN. AlN and GaN by using a Na flux", Diamond and Related Materials, 9 (2000) 512.170Zeisel et al., "DX-behavior of Si in AlN," Phys. Rev., (2000) B61, R16283.171Zhuang et al., "Seeded growth of AlN single crystals by physical vapor transport," Jrl. of Crys. Growth, (Jan. 25, 2006), vol. 287, No. 2, pp. 372-375.* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS8222650Nov 12, 2009Jul 17, 2012Crystal Is, Inc.Nitride semiconductor heterostructures and related methodsUS8323406Jan 17, 2008Dec 4, 2012Crystal Is, Inc.Defect reduction in seeded aluminum nitride crystal growthUS20120015513 *Jul 13, 2011Jan 19, 2012Sumitomo Electric Device Innovations, Inc.Method for fabricating semiconductor deviceUS20120313077 *Jun 11, 2012Dec 13, 2012The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaHigh emission power and low efficiency droop semipolar blue light emitting diodes* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification257/190, 438/47, 257/13, 257/E33.067, 257/103, 257/94, 257/E33.028International ClassificationH01L33/00Cooperative ClassificationH01L21/0262, H01L21/02458, H01L21/02389, H01L33/22, H01L33/20, H01L33/12, H01L33/08, H01L21/02433, H01L21/0254, H01L33/32European ClassificationH01L21/02K4B1B1, H01L21/02K4A1B1, H01L21/02K4A7, H01L21/02K4E3C, H01L33/12, H01L21/02K4C1B1Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJun 30, 2010ASAssignmentOwner name: CRYSTAL IS, INC., NEW YORKFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GRANDUSKY, JAMES R.;SCHOWALTER, LEO J.;GIBB, SHAWN R.;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20100507 TO 20100609;REEL/FRAME:024615/0609RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google