Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US20040264867?dq=7,403,220
Timestamp: 2017-12-13 19:12:00
Document Index: 168328200

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 21', 'art 22', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 22', 'art 22']

Patent US20040264867 - Optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, electro ... - Google Patents
To provide an optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, capable of increasing signal transmission speed and of being easily made minute thereby being simply and easily fabricated, an electro-optical device, and an electronic apparatus, an optical interconnection circuit among...http://www.google.com/patents/US20040264867?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20040264867 - Optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, electro-optical device, and electronic apparatus
Publication number US20040264867 A1
Application number US 10/722,441
Also published as US6983092
Publication number 10722441, 722441, US 2004/0264867 A1, US 2004/264867 A1, US 20040264867 A1, US 20040264867A1, US 2004264867 A1, US 2004264867A1, US-A1-20040264867, US-A1-2004264867, US2004/0264867A1, US2004/264867A1, US20040264867 A1, US20040264867A1, US2004264867 A1, US2004264867A1
Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (46), Classifications (64), Legal Events (4)
Optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, electro-optical device, and electronic apparatus
US 20040264867 A1
a micro-tile shaped elements disposed on the substrate having a light emitting function or a light receiving function with wavelength selectivity.
2. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 1, further comprising:
3. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 2,
4. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 2,
5. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 4,
6. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 2,
7. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 1, integrated circuit chips being mounted on the substrate, and
8. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 7, the integrated circuit chips being mounted on the substrate by a flip-chip technique.
9. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 7,
10. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 9,
11. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 9, the timing-control integrated circuits including the micro-tile shaped elements having the light emitting function, and
12. The optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips according to claim 10, the driver integrated circuits including the micro-tile shaped elements having different received light wavelengths.
[0045]FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a circuit according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0046]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main portion of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;
[0047]FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of a FDP according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
[0048]FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main portion of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 3;
[0049]FIG. 5 is a plan view of the main portion of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 3;
[0051]FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating a modification of the constituents of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;
[0052]FIG. 8 is a side view illustrating another modification of the constituents of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;
[0053]FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating still another modification of the constituents of the circuit illustrated in FIG. 1;
[0062]FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first step of an exemplary method of fabricating micro-tile shaped elements;
[0063]FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a second step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0064]FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a third step of a method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0065]FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a fourth step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0066]FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a fifth step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0067]FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a sixth step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0068]FIG. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a seventh step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0069]FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an eighth step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0070]FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a ninth step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0071]FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an eleventh step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped elements;
[0072]FIG. 28 is a view illustrating an example of an electronic apparatus including the circuit according to the present exemplary embodiments;
[0073]FIG. 29 is a view illustrating another example of an electronic apparatus including the circuit according to the present exemplary embodiments;
[0074]FIG. 30 is a view illustrating still another example of an electronic apparatus including the circuit according to the present exemplary embodiments.
[0076]FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips in accordance with a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main portion of the optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips illustrated in FIG. 1.
In the above structure, for example, electric signals (pulse signals) output from the integrated circuit chip 201 a pass through the bumps 212 and the electrodes 211 and are transmitted to the micro-tile shaped elements 200. The electric signals are converted into, for example, optical pulse signals having the wavelength λ1 by the micro-tile shaped element 200 and are emitted into the optical waveguide 30. The optical pulse signals having the wavelength λ1 are transmitted in the optical waveguide 30 and are converted into electric signals by the micro-tile shaped elements 200 that are connected to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c and receive light having the wavelength λ1. The electric signals are input to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c.
Similar to the above-mentioned operation, a plurality of electric signals output from the integrated circuit chip 201 a are converted into a plurality of optical pulse signals having the wavelengths λ1, λ2, and λn by the plurality of micro-tile shaped elements 200 connected to the integrated circuit chip 201 a. The plurality of optical pulse signals is simultaneously transmitted in the optical waveguide 30. The optical pulse signal having the wavelength λ1 is converted into an electric signal by the micro-tile shaped element 200 that is connected to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c and receives the light having the wavelength λ1 and is input to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c. The optical pulse signal having the wavelength λ2 is converted into an electric signal by the micro-tile shaped element 200 that is connected to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c and receives the light having the wavelength λ2 and is input to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c. The optical pulse signal having the wavelength λn is converted into an electric signal by the micro-tile shaped element 200 that is connected to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c and receives the light having the wavelength λn and is input to the integrated circuit chips 201 b and 201 c. That is, the optical pulse signal having each wavelength is transmitted from and received to between desired micro-tile shaped elements 200 without cross talk.
[0117]FIG. 6 illustrates the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6(a) is a schematic side view. FIG. 6(b) is a schematic plan view. The optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment includes the first micro-tile shaped elements 21 and the second micro-tile shaped elements 22 adhered to the surface of the substrate 10 and the optical waveguide 30 formed of an optical waveguide material on the surface of the substrate 10, so as to connect the first micro-tile shaped elements 21 to the second micro-tile shaped elements 22. The same members illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5, according to the above exemplary embodiment, are denoted by the same reference numerals. Transparent resin and sol-gel glass may be used as the optical waveguide material that forms the optical waveguide 30. Glass epoxy, ceramic, plastic, polyimide, silicon, and glass may be used as the substrate 10.
With such configuration, the light emitted from the light emitting part 21 a of the first micro-tile shaped element 21 propagates along the optical waveguide 30 and reaches the light receiving part 22 b of the second micro-tile shaped element 22. Accordingly, when an optical signal is emitted from the light emitting part 21 a by controlling the light emitting operation of the light emitting part 21 a, the optical signal propagates along the optical waveguide 30, and the optical signal can be detected from the light receiving part 22 b.
Further, the optical signal emitted from the first micro-tile shaped element 21 propagates along the optical waveguide 30 and is incident on the second micro-tile shaped element 22. Furthermore, the signal passes through the second micro-tile shaped element 22. As a result, it is possible to almost simultaneously transmit optical signals from one first micro-tile shaped element 21 to a plurality of second micro-tile shaped elements 22. Herein, when a thickness of the second micro-tile shaped element 22 is set to 20 μm or less, the step difference between the substrate and the second micro-shaped element becomes sufficiently small. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6, the optical waveguide 30 can be formed consecutively regardless of the step difference. When the optical waveguide 30 is formed consecutively at the step portion, light transmission loss, such as scattering can be neglected because the step difference is sufficiently small. For such reason, a specific configuration or an optical element to alleviate the step difference is unnecessary. Thus, it is possible to simply and cheaply fabricate it. Further, the thickness of the optical waveguide material forming the optical waveguide 30 can be several ten or less micrometers.
[0131]FIG. 8 is a schematic side view illustrating another modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. A light scattering frame 31 a′ of the optical interconnection circuit is a dome-shaped light scattering frame made of resin or glass, in which light scattering particles are dispersed. An optical waveguide 30 is formed to cover such light scattering frame 31 a′ (the dome-shaped light scattering frame). It is possible to easily adjust the optical coupling efficiency between the optical waveguide 30 and a first micro-tile shaped element 21 or a second micro-tile shaped element 22 because as compared with the light scattering frame 31 a in FIG. 7, it is easy to control the size and shape of such light scattering frame 31 a′.
Next, a method of fabricating the light scattering frame 31 a′ will be described. First, an acid is added to metal alkoxide, such as liquid resin or silica ethyl containing light scattering particles, using an inkjet, a dispenser, and the like, and the liquid mixture is hydrolyzed. Then the hydrolyzed solution is applied to a desired portion of a substrate 10 in a dome shape. Then, energy, such as heat, is supplied to the applied portion to make the solution hardened or glassed. As a result, the light scattering frame 31 a′ having a dome shape is formed on the first micro-tile shaped element 21 and the second micro-tile shaped element 22. Next, a linear-shaped optical waveguide 30 is formed using transparent resin or sol gel glass to cover the light scattering frame 31 a′ having a dome shape.
[0133]FIG. 9 is a schematic side view illustrating another modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. A light scattering frame 31 b of the optical interconnection circuit has a configuration in which a surface of an optical waveguide material forming an optical waveguide 30 has concave and convex portions. Such a light scattering frame 31 b is also formed in the neighborhood of a first micro-tile shaped element 21 and a second tile-shaped element 22. Herein, the concave and convex portions constituting the light scattering frame 31 b are formed by an embossing process or a stamper transfer.
[0134]FIG. 10 illustrates a modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. FIG. 10(a) is a schematic side view thereof, and FIG. 10(b) is a schematic plan view thereof. A light scattering frame 31 c of the optical interconnection circuit has a configuration in which the line width and height of a linear optical waveguide material forming an optical waveguide 30 vary. That is, in the optical waveguide 30, the line width and height of the optical waveguide material is narrow in the neighborhood of a light receiving part 22 b of the second micro-tile shaped element 22.
Next, still another modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. Unlike the exemplary embodiment described above, the present exemplary embodiment has light reflecting frames to reflect light at the neighborhood of a first micro-tile shaped element 21 and a second micro-tile shaped element 22 in an optical waveguide 30 or at the end of the optical waveguide 30. FIG. 11 illustrates a modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. FIG. 11(a) is a schematic side view thereof, and FIG. 11(b) is a schematic plan view thereof.
[0141]FIG. 12 illustrates still another modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. FIG. 12(a) is a schematic side view thereof, and FIG. 12(b) is a schematic plan view thereof. A light reflecting frame 32 c of the optical interconnection circuit has a configuration in which a reflecting plate with a reflecting surface is attached to an end of the optical waveguide 30. Herein, the reflecting surface of the reflecting frame 32 c is provided to incline, e.g., 45° with respect to the surface of the substrate 10.
[0144]FIG. 13 illustrates still another modified example of the optical interconnection circuit according to the present exemplary embodiment. FIG. 13(a) is a schematic side view thereof, and FIG. 13(b) is a schematic plan view thereof. Light reflecting frames 32 d, 32 e of the present optical interconnection circuit are plate-shaped optical components (grating components) in which grating is performed. On the optical waveguide 30, the light reflecting frame 32 d is provided to cover the first micro-tile shaped element 21, and the light reflecting frame 32 e is provided to cover the second micro-tile shaped element 22.
Herein, when the distance between an optical waveguide 30 a and an optical waveguide 30 b is relatively large, as shown in FIG. 13, light reflecting frames 32 e are individually attached to the optical waveguides 30 a, 30 b. When the optical waveguide 30 a and the optical waveguide 30 b are provided to be close and almost parallel to each other, as shown in FIG. 13, a light reflecting frame 32 d may be attached in common to the optical waveguide 30 a and the optical waveguide 30 b.
In the light scattering frames and light reflecting frames illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 13, it is effective to use a combination thereof.
First, the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element are attached to the top surface of the substrate 10. Then, a process to fabricate the optical waveguide 30 is performed. As shown in FIG. 14(a), photo-curable resin 30 c in a liquid state is coated over the entire surface of the substrate 10 and the surfaces of the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element (not shown). Such coating may be performed by a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a spray coating method, and the like.
Next, UV light radiates to the liquid photo-curable resin 30 c with a desired pattern mask. As a result, only the desired region of the liquid photo-curable resin 30 c is hardened to be patterned. Hence, as shown in FIG. 14(b), the optical waveguide 30 d made of a hardened optical waveguide material is formed by removing a region of resin not hardened by way of washing or the like.
[0151]FIG. 15 is typical side views illustrating another example of the method of fabricating the optical waveguide 30. First, the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element are attached to the top surface of the substrate 10. Then, a process to fabricate the optical waveguide 30 is performed. Then, as shown in FIG. 15(a), resin 30 e is coated over the entire top surface of the substrate 10 and the top surfaces of the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element (not shown)to be hardened. Such a coating may be performed by a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a spray coating method, and the like. Then, a resist mask 41 is formed at the desired region on the resin 30 e. The region on which the resist mask 41 is formed is equal to a region where the optical waveguide 30 is formed.
Next, as shown in FIG. 15(b), dry etching or wet etching is performed on the entire substrate 10 with the resist mask 41, and resin 30 e, except for a portion under which the resist mask 41 is removed. The optical waveguide 30 f made of an optical waveguide material is formed by removing the resist mask 41 through photolithography patterning.
[0153]FIG. 16 is typical side views illustrating another example of the method of fabricating the optical waveguide 30. First, the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element are attached to the top surface of the substrate 10. Then, the process to fabricate the optical waveguide 30 is performed. Then, the liquid repellent treatment is performed to the entire surface of the substrate 10 and the entire surfaces of the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element (not shown) to provide a liquid repellent surface 51.
Next, as shown in FIG. 16(a), UV light radiates to the desired pattern region of the liquid repellent surface 51, such that the desired region of the liquid repellent surface 51 can be changed into a lyophilic surface 52. Then, as shown in FIG. 16(b), a liquid optical waveguide material 30 g is dropped from an inkjet nozzle, a dispenser, and the like to the lyophilic region 52. Transparent resin or sol gel solution may be used as the optical waveguide material 30 g. Then, the optical waveguide 30 h made of the optical waveguide material is formed by hardening the optical waveguide material 30 g dropped on the substrate 10.
[0156]FIG. 17 is typical side views illustrating another example of the method of fabricating the optical waveguide 30. First, the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element are attached to the top surface of the substrate 10. Then, a process to fabricate the optical waveguide 30 is performed. Hence, as shown in FIG. 17(a), liquid resin 30 i is applied over the top surface of the substrate 10 and the top surfaces of the first micro-tile shaped element and the second micro-tile shaped element to cover a region in which the optical waveguide 30 will be formed.
Next, a stamper 51 having a pattern shape 52 of the optical waveguide 30 is pressed into a surface of the substrate 10 from the upper part of the substrate 10. Then, as shown in FIG. 17(b), the stamper 51 is raised from the substrate 10. As a result, by a pattern transfer method using the stamper 51, an optical waveguide 30 j made of an optical waveguide material is formed in the desired pattern on the substrate 10.
[0161]FIG. 18 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a first step of an exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In FIG. 18, a substrate 110 is a semiconductor substrate, e.g., a GaAs compound semiconductor substrate. A sacrifice layer 111 is provided in the lowest layer of the substrate 110. The sacrifice layer 111 is made of AlAs, and its thickness is several hundred nanometers.
[0163]FIG. 19 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a second step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, partitioning grooves 121 are formed to partition each semiconductor device 113. The partitioning grooves 121 have a depth at least reachable to the sacrifice layer 111. For example, the width and the depth of the partitioning grooves are all in the range of several ten to several hundred micrometers. Further, the partitioning grooves 121 are formed to be connected to each other such that the selective etching solution, which will be described later, can flow in the partitioning grooves 121. Moreover, it is desirable that the partitioning grooves 121 be formed in a lattice shape.
[0165]FIG. 20 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a third step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, an intermediate transfer film 131 is attached to the surface of the substrate 110 (semiconductor device 113 side). The intermediate transfer film 131 is a flexible band-shaped film with its surface coated with adhesion paste.
[0166]FIG. 21 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a fourth step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, the selective etching solution 141 is injected into partitioning grooves 121. In the present step, since only the sacrifice layer 111 is selectively etched, the hydrochloric acid of low density, which has high selectivity to aluminum/arsenic, is used as the selective etching solution 141.
[0167]FIG. 22 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a fifth step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, after injecting the selective etching solution 141 into the partitioning grooves 121 in the fourth step, the whole sacrifice layer 111 is selectively etched and removed from the substrate 110 with the lapse of a predetermined time.
[0168]FIG. 23 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a sixth step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. The entire sacrifice layer 111 in the fifth step is etched, and then the function layer 112 is detached from the substrate 110. Then, in the present step, the function layer 112, to which the intermediate transfer film 131 is attached, is detached from the substrate 110 by detaching the intermediate transfer film 131 from the substrate 110.
[0170]FIG. 24 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a seventh step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, the intermediate transfer film 131 (to which micro-tile shaped elements 161 are attached) moves to align the micro-tile shaped elements 161 at a desired region of a final substrate 171. Herein, the final substrate 171 is composed of, for example, a silicon semiconductor (the substrate 10 shown in FIG. 1), and an LSI region 172 is formed therein. Further, an adhesive 173 to attach the micro-tile shaped elements 161 is previously applied to a desired region on the final substrate 171.
[0171]FIG. 25 is a schematic sectional view illustrating an eighth step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, micro-tile shaped elements 161, which are aligned to the desired portion of the final substrate 171, are pressed by a back pressing pin 181 with the intermediate transfer film 131, thereby adhering to the final substrate 171. Herein, because the adhesive 173 is applied to the desired portion, the micro-tile shaped elements 161 are attached to the desired portion of the final substrate 171.
[0172]FIG. 26 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a ninth step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, the intermediate transfer film 131 is detached from the micro-tile shaped elements 161 by vanishing the adhesion of the intermediate transfer film 131.
[0175]FIG. 27 is a schematic sectional view illustrating an eleventh step of the exemplary method of fabricating the micro-tile shaped element. In the present step, the electrode of the micro-tile shaped element 161 is electrically connected through wiring 191 to circuits on the final substrate 171 to form one LSI chip (an integrated circuit chip for an optical interconnection circuit). A quartz substrate or a plastic film as well as a silicon semiconductor may be used as the final substrate 171.
[0181]FIG. 28 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a cellular phone. In FIG. 28, reference numeral 1000 represents a body of a cellular phone using the above-described optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, and reference numeral 1001 represents a display part using the above-described flat panel display (an electro-optical device).
[0182]FIG. 29 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a wristwatch type electro-optical apparatus. In FIG. 29, reference numeral 1100 represents a body of a watch using the above-described optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, and reference numeral 1101 represents a display part using the above-described flat panel display (an electro-optical device).
[0183]FIG. 30 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a portable information processing device, such as a word-processor or PC. In FIG. 30, reference numeral 1200 represents an information processing device, reference numeral 1202 represents an input part, such as a keyboard, reference numeral 1204 represents a body of the information processing device using the above-described optical interconnection circuit among wavelength multiplexing chips, and reference numeral 1206 represents a display part using the above-described flat panel display (an electro-optical device).
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U.S. Classification 385/49
International Classification H01L31/0232, H04B10/278, H04B10/524, H04B10/275, H04B10/572, H04B10/80, H04B10/00, G02F1/133, G02B6/13, G02F1/135, H01L51/50, H01S5/022, G02B6/42, G02F1/1345, G02B6/43, G02B6/122, G06F3/00, G02B6/34, H01L21/60, H01L33/30, H01L33/48
Cooperative Classification H01L2924/12042, H01L2924/12043, H01L2224/16225, H01L2224/131, H01L2224/1329, H01L2224/133, H01L2224/16227, H01L2924/12041, Y10S385/901, H01L2924/0103, H01L2224/24051, H01L2924/14, H01L2924/014, H01L2924/09701, H01L2924/10329, H01L2224/83001, G02B6/4214, H01L2224/76155, H01L2221/68368, G02B6/4246, H01L2924/01046, H01L2924/01005, H01L2224/24226, H01L2924/01004, H01L2924/01012, H01L2224/92244, H01L24/82, H01L2221/68354, H01L2924/01024, H01L2924/01047, H01L2924/30105, H01L2924/01006, H01L2924/01013, H01L2224/83192, G02B6/43, H01L24/24, H01L2924/01033, H01L2924/01029, H01L2224/82102
European Classification H01L24/82, H01L24/24, G02B6/43
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