Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8548373B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-07-20 10:31:19
Document Index: 43293978

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2', 'application No. 2503340', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 03749497', 'application No. 03749497', 'application No. 03749497', 'application No. 03749497', 'Application No. 03749497', 'application No. 2000', 'application No. 10', 'Application No. 2011201930', 'Application No. 03749497', 'Application No. 094110973']

US8548373B2 - Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal - Google Patents
US8548373B2
US8548373B2 US12/760,712 US76071210A US8548373B2 US 8548373 B2 US8548373 B2 US 8548373B2 US 76071210 A US76071210 A US 76071210A US 8548373 B2 US8548373 B2 US 8548373B2
US12/760,712
US20100198380A1 (en
2002-01-08 Priority to US09/973,893 priority Critical patent/US20030131350A1/en
2002-10-09 Priority to PCT/US2002/032043 priority patent/WO2003060630A2/en
2002-10-09 Priority to US10/492,471 priority patent/US7742737B2/en
2010-04-15 Priority to US12/760,712 priority patent/US8548373B2/en
2010-04-15 Application filed by Nielsen Co (US) LLC filed Critical Nielsen Co (US) LLC
2010-08-05 Publication of US20100198380A1 publication Critical patent/US20100198380A1/en
2010-10-27 Assigned to THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC. reassignment THE NIELSEN COMPANY (US), LLC. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, LLC
2010-10-27 Assigned to NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, LLC reassignment NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, LLC CERTIFICATE OF CONVERSION Assignors: NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH INC.
2013-10-01 Publication of US8548373B2 publication Critical patent/US8548373B2/en
Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal are described. An example apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal includes an input to receive the digital audio signal, which includes data from a broadcast or a stored digital program signal. The example apparatus also includes a detector to receive the digital audio signal from the input and determine whether the received digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input; a decoder to receive the digital audio signal from the detector when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input and identify any first program-identifying code in an auxiliary field of the compressed digital audio signal; and a code reader to receive the digital audio signal from the detector when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input and receive the digital audio signal from a decompressor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input. Additionally, the code reader is to identify any second program-identifying code in a decompressed or uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal when the first program-identifying code is not identified in the auxiliary field or when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input.
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/492,471, filed Apr. 12, 2004, which is a national stage entry of PCT/US02/32043, filed on Oct. 9, 2002, which claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/973,893, filed on Jan. 8, 2002, all of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
The present invention relates to method and apparatus for identifying a program signal that is broadcast to members of an audience. More particularly, the present invention relates to method and apparatus for identifying a program signal having a digital audio component. Preferably, such method and apparatus will find use in audience measurement and/or broadcast monitoring services.
Although the audio component of the overall program signal generally utilizes far less valuable bandwidth than does the video component, there is variation among digital audio standards. The ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) standard, for example, mandates the use of what is called AC-3 audio, which could also be carried by direct satellite and cable systems. In 2001, the majority of satellites (Direct Broadcasting Satellite—DBS) and digital cable system were not using AC-3 sound. For example, some U.S. UBS used a standard referred to as Musicam or MPEG1 Layer 2 audio. Other standards, such as the Japanese AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) standard using MPEG2, Layers 1-3, are also known. Of course, many programs are still in a linear PCM format.
The Stuffing 20 between data bursts is all zeros, however it must be noted that the IEC60958 frames still contain preamble, channel status bits, validity bits, etc. Bits 12-27 are zero. The stuffing between data bursts is used to maintain the proper synchronization of the audio out since the data channel has a capacity of a higher data rate than is necessary to convey the compressed audio content. In the “worst case” scenario, where the capacity of the data rate is fully utilized, there would be no spare Stuffing space left. However, according to statistical data from real audio contents, there typically are Stuffings available that can be altered and used for delivering additional viewing activity information from the receiver to the outside, by a resident software meter preinstalled inside the receiver. The viewing activity information can be a detailed description of what the audience (viewer) is doing with the receiver and what the receiver is doing accordingly.
The preferred embodiment of the invention combines all four techniques in reading a program-identifying label from an auxiliary data field of a digital audio signal frame, in reading a program-identifying label of embedded code from a decompressed or uncompressed audio signal, in reading a predetermined portion of the signal frame, in extracting a signature from a decompressed or non compressed audio signal. The labels, if found, and the predetermined portion of the signal frame and the signature are associated with the local time when the frame was read in order to generate a time-stamped tuning record for each frame of digital audio signal that is received. During operation, there may not be all four techniques present at the same time. For example, the original audio signal may be an uncompressed (linear) digital audio signal. Then, only the third and fourth techniques may be employed. Even in a compressed digital signal case, there may be a lack of a program label in an auxiliary data field for various reasons. As long as the system gets at least one label or one signature, they (it) will be associated with the local time when the frame was read in order to generate a time-stamped tuning record for each frame of digital audio signal that is received.
1. An apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal, comprising:
an input to receive the digital audio signal, wherein the digital audio signal includes data from a broadcast or a stored digital program signal;
a detector to receive the digital audio signal from the input and to determine whether the received digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input;
a decoder to receive the digital audio signal from the detector when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input and to identify a first program-identifying code in an auxiliary field of the compressed digital audio signal; and
a code reader to receive the digital audio signal from the detector when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input and to receive the digital audio signal from a decompressor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input, wherein the code reader is to identify a second program-identifying code in a decompressed or uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal when the first program-identifying code is not identified in the auxiliary field or when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input.
2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein one of the first and second program-identifying codes is selected for storage in a memory.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, further comprising a transmitter to transmit the selected one of the first and second program-identifying codes to a collection site.
4. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein the selection of the one of the first and second program-identifying codes for storage in the memory is based on a hierarchy.
5. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, further comprising a signature extractor to receive the digital audio signal from the detector when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input and to identify a signature in an uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal.
6. An apparatus as defined in claim 5, wherein the signature extractor is to receive an uncompressed form of the digital audio signal from the decompressor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input and to identify a signature in a portion of the uncompressed form of the digital audio signal.
7. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein at least one of the detector, the decoder, or the code reader is disposed in at least one of a dwelling, a verification site, or a monitoring site.
8. A method for identifying a digital audio signal, comprising:
determining, with a programmed processor, whether a received digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at an input, wherein the digital audio signal includes data from a broadcast or a stored digital program signal;
providing the digital audio signal to a decoder when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input;
identifying a first program-identifying code in an auxiliary field of the compressed digital audio signal received at the decoder when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input;
providing the digital audio signal to a code reader from the detector when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input;
providing the digital audio signal to the code reader from a decompressor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input; and
identifying a second program-identifying code in a decompressed or uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal when at least one of (a) the first program-identifying code is not identified in the auxiliary field or (b) when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input.
9. A method as defined in claim 8, further comprising selecting one of the first and second program-identifying codes for storage in a memory.
10. A method as defined in claim 9, further comprising transmitting the selected one of the first and second program-identifying codes to a collection site.
11. A method as defined in claim 9, wherein selecting the one of the first and second program-identifying codes for storage in the memory is based on a hierarchy.
12. A method as defined in claim 8, further comprising providing the digital audio signal to a signature extractor from the detector when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input and identifying a signature in an uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal.
13. A method as defined in claim 12, further comprising providing an uncompressed form of the digital audio signal to the decompressor from the signature extractor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input and identifying a signature in a portion of the uncompressed form of the digital audio signal.
14. A tangible computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least:
determine whether a received digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at an input, wherein the digital audio signal includes data from a broadcast or a stored digital program signal;
provide the digital audio signal to a decoder when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input;
identify a first program-identifying code in an auxiliary field of the compressed digital audio signal received at the decoder when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input;
provide the digital audio signal to a code reader when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input;
provide the digital audio signal to the code reader from a decompressor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input; and
identify a second program-identifying code in a decompressed or uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal when at least one of (a) the first program-identifying code is not identified in the auxiliary field or (b) when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input.
15. A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 14 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a machine to select one of the first and second program-identifying codes for storage in a memory.
16. A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 15 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause a machine to transmit the selected one of the first and second program-identifying codes to a collection site.
17. A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 15, wherein selecting the one of the first and second program-identifying codes for storage in the memory is based on a hierarchy.
18. A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 14 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed cause a machine to provide the digital audio signal to a signature extractor when the digital audio signal is uncompressed as received at the input and to identify a signature in an uncompressed portion of the digital audio signal.
19. A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 18, wherein the signature extractor is to receive the digital audio signal from the decompressor when the digital audio signal is compressed as received at the input.
20. A tangible computer readable medium as defined in claim 14, wherein the computer readable medium is disposed in at least one of a dwelling, a verification site, or a monitoring site.
US12/760,712 2002-01-08 2010-04-15 Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal Active 2023-12-02 US8548373B2 (en)
US09/973,893 US20030131350A1 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-01-08 Method and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
PCT/US2002/032043 WO2003060630A2 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-10-09 Method and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US10/492,471 US7742737B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-10-09 Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US12/760,712 US8548373B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2010-04-15 Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US10492471 Continuation
PCT/US2002/032043 Continuation WO2003060630A2 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-10-09 Method and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US10/492,471 Continuation US7742737B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-10-09 Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US20100198380A1 US20100198380A1 (en) 2010-08-05
US8548373B2 true US8548373B2 (en) 2013-10-01
US09/973,893 Abandoned US20030131350A1 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-01-08 Method and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US10/492,471 Active 2027-02-28 US7742737B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2002-10-09 Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
US12/760,712 Active 2023-12-02 US8548373B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2010-04-15 Methods and apparatus for identifying a digital audio signal
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WO (1) WO2003060630A2 (en)
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2002-01-08 US US09/973,893 patent/US20030131350A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2002-10-09 KR KR10-2004-7010691A patent/KR20040101202A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2002-10-09 MX MXPA04002765A patent/MXPA04002765A/en active IP Right Grant
2002-10-09 CA CA 2466428 patent/CA2466428A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2002-10-09 NZ NZ53117902A patent/NZ531179A/en unknown
2002-10-09 CN CN 02823817 patent/CN1611072A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
2002-10-10 MY MYPI20023791 patent/MY144393A/en unknown
2004-08-06 ZA ZA200406284A patent/ZA200406284B/en unknown
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US20030131350A1 (en) 2003-07-10
CN1611072A (en) 2005-04-27
AU2002332061B2 (en) 2007-03-15
MXPA04002765A (en) 2004-06-29
AU2002332061C1 (en) 2003-07-31
MY144393A (en) 2011-09-15
CA2466428A1 (en) 2003-07-24
JP2005515669A (en) 2005-05-26
US20100198380A1 (en) 2010-08-05
WO2003060630A3 (en) 2003-11-20
US20040210922A1 (en) 2004-10-21
EP1464171A2 (en) 2004-10-06
NZ531179A (en) 2006-09-29
ZA200406284B (en) 2005-08-08
WO2003060630A2 (en) 2003-07-24
AU2002332061A1 (en) 2003-07-30
US7742737B2 (en) 2010-06-22
KR20040101202A (en) 2004-12-02
AU2005205497B2 (en) 2009-09-03 Method of transmitting digital services over a network and device implementing the method
US20130258191A1 (en) 2013-10-03 Service usage reporting data transport
KR100894924B1 (en) 2009-04-27 Information processing apparatus and method and recording medium
Free format text: CERTIFICATE OF CONVERSION;ASSIGNOR:NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH INC.;REEL/FRAME:025206/0743
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH, LLC;REEL/FRAME:025206/0096