Source: http://www.scribd.com/doc/74245655/Blunders-of-the-Supreme-Court-of-the-United-States-Part-4
Timestamp: 2014-09-01 20:34:38
Document Index: 480818462

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 4', 'art 4', 'art-409', 'art 4', '§ 2', '§ 2', '§ 2']

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|Likes: 0Published by Dan Goodman The fourth in a series on blunders made by the Supreme Court of the United States. In this article the case of Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization et. al. (307 U.S. 496, 1939) is reviewed. The blunder made is that Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution of the United States has only common privileges and immunities. It is shown that Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 has both common privileges and immunities as well as fundamental privileges and immunities. The fourth in a series on blunders made by the Supreme Court of the United States. In this article the case of Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organization et. al. (307 U.S. 496, 1939) is reviewed. The blunder made is that Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution of the United States has only common privileges and immunities. It is shown that Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 has both common privileges and immunities as well as fundamental privileges and immunities.More info:Categories:Business/LawPublished by: Dan Goodman on Nov 30, 2011Copyright:Attribution Non-commercialAvailability:Read on Scribd mobile: iPhone, iPad and Android.download as PDF, TXT or read online from ScribdFlag for inappropriate content|Add to collectionSee moreSee lesshttp://www.scribd.com/doc/74245655/Blunders-of-the-Supreme-Court-of-the-United-States-Part-409/09/2013pdftextoriginal Blunders of the Supreme Court of the United StatesPart 4
©2011 Dan GoodmanThe author has written on three blunders of the Supreme Court of the UnitedStates. Originally, he decided to write on only two mistakes made by the SupremeCourt of the United States. However, the author has reconsidered after writingabout the third blunder of the Supreme Court of the United States to not place anylimit on the number of blunders he finds with the Supreme Court of the UnitedStates.The fourth blunder of the Supreme Court of the United States is in the case of Hague v. Committee for Industrial Organiztion et. al.
(307 U.S. 496, 1939). Theblunder occurs at page 511:“ . . . The phrase ‘privileges and immunities’ [is] used in Article IV, § 2 of theConstitution, which decrees that ‘The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to allPrivileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.’At one time it was thought that this section recognized a group of rights which,according to the jurisprudence of the day, were classed as ‘natural rights’; and that the purpose of the section was to create rights of citizens of the United States byguaranteeing the citizens of every State the recognition of this group of rights byevery other State. Such was the view of Justice Washington.While this description of the civil rights of the citizens of the States has beenquoted with approval, it has come to be settled view that Article IV, § 2 does not import that a citizen of one State carries with him into another fundamentalprivileges and immunities which come to him necessarily by the mere fact of hiscitizenship in the State first mentioned, but, on the contrary, that in any State everycitizen of any other State is to have the same privileges and immunities which thecitizens of that State enjoy. The section, in effect, prevents a State fromdiscriminating against citizens of other States in favor of its own.”
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=5456152533472609432&q And at footnote 1 to the opinion of Justice Stone which states:“ . . . And [the
] held that the protection of the privileges‐ 1 ‐
and immunities clause did not extend to those ‘fundamental’ rights attached to statecitizenship which are peculiarly the creation and concern of state governments andwhich Mr. Justice Washington, in
Corfield v. Coryell , 4 Wash. C. C. 371, 6 Fed. Cas. No.3230, mistakenly thought to be guaranteed by Article IV, § 2 of the Constitution.
http://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=5456152533472609432&q According to this case, Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution of theUnited States of America, gives to a citizen of any other State the same privilegesand immunities which the citizens of a particular State enjoy. These privileges andimmunities are common privileges and immunities. Special privileges andimmunities granted by a particular State to its own citizens are not included.It is concluded implicitly in this case that Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 of theConstitution serves only one purpose. Two propositions are presented. On onehand is that Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution is a provision that recognizes fundamental privileges and immunities. On the other hand, the clausegrants common privileges and immunities to the citizens of sister States when theyare in another State.However, both are correct! Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 is the source forcommon privileges and immunities as well as fundamental privileges andimmunities.The case of Corfield v. Coryell describes fundamental privileges and immunitiesunder Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution:“The next question is, whether this Act infringes that section of the Constitutionwhich declares that ‘the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges andimmunities of citizens in the several States?’The inquiry, is what are the privileges and immunities of citizens in the severalStates? We feel no hesitation in confining these expressions to those privileges andimmunities which are fundamental.” Corfield v. Coryell: 6 Fed. Cas. (Case No. 3230)546, at 550 (1825).
http://books.google.com/books?id=pwA7AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA550#v=onepage&q&f=false The case of the
State of Tennessee v. Claiborne
specifies common privileges andimmunities under Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1:“ ‘The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities‐ 2 ‐
of citizens in the several States,’ says the Constitution. The citizens here spoken of are those who are entitled to ‘all the privileges and immunities of citizens.’ . . .. . . Hence, in speaking of the rights which a citizen of one State should enjoyin every other State . . . , it is very properly said that he should be entitled to all the‘privileges and immunities’ of citizens in such other State. The meaning of thelanguage is, that no privilege enjoyed by, or immunity allowed to, the most favoredclass of citizens in said State shall be withheld from a citizen of any other State.”State of Tennessee v. Claiborne: 10 Tenn. (1 Meigs’s) 255, at 261 thru 262 (1838).
http://books.google.com/books?id=yXcLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA261#v=onepage&q&f=false In
Ward v. State of Maryland , the Supreme Court of the United States, writes thefollowing, on fundamental privileges and immunities:“Attempt will not be made to define the words ‘privileges and immunities,’ or tospecify the rights which they are intended to secure and protect, beyond what maybe necessary to the decision of the case before the court. Beyond doubt those wordsare words of very comprehensive meaning, but it will be sufficient to say that theclause plainly and unmistakably secures and protects the right of a citizen of oneState to pass into any other State of the Union for the purpose of engaging in lawfulcommerce, trade, or business without molestation; to acquire personal property; totake and hold real estate; to maintain actions in the courts of the State; and to beexempt from any higher taxes or excises than are imposed by the State upon its owncitizens.
. . . [T]he Constitution provides that the citizens of each State shall be entitled toall privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.” Ward v. State of Maryland: 79 U.S. (12 Wall.) 418, at 430 (1870).
http://books.google.com/books?id=6X0‐AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA430#v=onepage&q&f=false In
Paul v. State of Virginia
, the Supreme Court states the following on commonprivileges and immunities:“[T]he privileges and immunities secured to citizens of each State in the severalStates, by the provision in question, are those privileges and immunities which arecommon to the citizens in the latter States under their constitution and laws byvirtue of their being citizens.” Paul v. State of Virginia: 75 U.S. (8 Wall.) 168, at 180(1868).
http://books.google.com/books?id=‐bwGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA180#v=onepage&q&f=false ‐ 3 ‐