Source: http://www.google.es/patents/US7777500?hl=es&dq=flatulence
Timestamp: 2013-05-18 18:19:15
Document Index: 702606645

Matched Legal Cases: ['art.\n1', 'art.\n2', 'art.\n3', 'art.\n4', 'art.\n5', 'art.\n6', 'art.\n8', 'art.\n9', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'art 111', 'art 111']

Patente US7777500 - Methods for characterizing dielectric properties of parts - Google PatentesB�squeda Im�genes Maps Play YouTube Noticias Gmail Drive M�s » B�squeda avanzada de patentes | Historial web | Iniciar sesi�n B�squeda avanzada de patentesPatentesCharacterizing dielectric properties of a part includes placing a full-sized part within a dielectric property measurement apparatus. In one embodiment, the full-sized part is a dielectric part of a plasma processing system. The dielectric property measurement apparatus is operated to determine a dielectric...http://www.google.es/patents/US7777500?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatente US7777500 - Methods for characterizing dielectric properties of parts N�mero de publicaci�nUS7777500 B2Tipo de publicaci�nConcesi�n N�mero de solicitud12/240,414 Fecha de publicaci�n17 Ago 2010 Fecha de presentaci�n29 Sep 2008 Fecha de prioridad5 Oct 2007Tambi�n publicado comoCN101821844ACN101821844BUS8269510US20090091335US20090091340US20090091341WO2009048517A2WO2009048517A3 InventoresKeith ComendantJaehyun KimQing LiuArthur H. SatoFeiyang Wu Cesionario originalLam Research Corporation Clasificaci�n de EE.UU.324/663324/639 Clasificaci�n internacionalG01R27/26 Clasificaci�n cooperativaG01R27/2623 Clasificaci�n europeaG01R 27/26D3ReferenciasCitas de patentes (6)Otras citas (1)Enlaces externosUSPTO Cesi�n de USPTO EspacenetMethods for characterizing dielectric properties of partsUS 7777500 B2 Resumen Characterizing dielectric properties of a part includes placing a full-sized part within a dielectric property measurement apparatus. In one embodiment, the full-sized part is a dielectric part of a plasma processing system. The dielectric property measurement apparatus is operated to determine a dielectric constant value of the full-sized part and a loss tangent value of the full-sized part. The determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values are affixed to the full-sized part.
1. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part, comprising:
placing a full-size part having its normal geometric configuration within a dielectric property measurement apparatus, wherein the dielectric property measurement apparatus includes an electrically grounded chamber, a lower electrode disposed within the chamber and connected to a radiofrequency (RF) transmission rod, and an electrically grounded upper electrode disposed within the chamber above the lower electrode, wherein the full-size part is placed on the lower electrode;
positioning the electrically grounded upper electrode to rest freely on top of the full-size part such that a contact force between the electrically grounded upper electrode and the full-size part is defined only by a weight of the electrically grounded upper electrode;
operating the dielectric property measurement apparatus to determine a dielectric constant value of the full-size part and a loss tangent value of the full-sized part; and
attaching the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values to the full-size part.
2. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part as recited in claim 1, wherein the dielectric property measurement apparatus is operated at a radiofrequency (RF) power having a frequency substantially equal to a frequency to which the full-size part is to be exposed during use of the full-size part.
3. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
exposing the full-size part to operational atmospheric conditions and operational temperatures during operation of the dielectric property measurement apparatus to determine the dielectric constant and the loss tangent values of the full-size part, wherein the operational atmospheric conditions and temperatures represent atmospheric conditions and temperatures to which the full-size part is to be exposed during use of the full-size part.
4. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part as recited in claim 1, wherein attaching the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values to the full-size part is performed by embossing the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values on the full-size part.
5. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part as recited in claim 1, wherein attaching the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values to the full-size part is performed by affixing to the full-size part a tag displaying the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values on the full-size part.
6. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part as recited in claim 1, wherein the full-size part is a dielectric component within a plasma processing system.
7. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a part as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
storing the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values of the full-size part on a computer readable medium; and
supplying the computer readable medium in conjunction with the full-size part.
8. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a dielectric part of a plasma processing system, comprising:
placing a full-size version of the dielectric part having its normal geometric configuration within a dielectric property measurement apparatus, wherein the dielectric property measurement apparatus includes an electrically grounded chamber, a lower electrode disposed within the chamber and connected to a radiofrequency (RF) transmission rod, and an electrically grounded upper electrode disposed within the chamber above the lower electrode, wherein the full-size version of the dielectric part is placed on the lower electrode;
positioning the electrically grounded upper electrode to rest freely on top of the full-size version of the dielectric part such that a contact force between the electrically grounded upper electrode and the full-size version of the dielectric part is defined only by a weight of the electrically grounded upper electrode;
operating the dielectric property measurement apparatus to determine a capacitance value of the dielectric part, a resistance value of the dielectric part, a dielectric constant value of the dielectric part, and a loss tangent value of the dielectric part; and
embossing on the dielectric part each of the dielectric constant and loss tangent values of the dielectric part.
9. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a dielectric part of a plasma processing system as recited in claim 8, wherein the dielectric property measurement apparatus is operated at a radiofrequency (RF) power having a frequency substantially equal to a frequency to which the dielectric part is to be exposed during its use within the plasma processing system.
10. A method for characterizing dielectric properties of a dielectric part of a plasma processing system as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
exposing the dielectric part to operational atmospheric conditions and operational temperatures during operation of the dielectric property measurement apparatus to determine the capacitance, resistance, dielectric constant, and loss tangent values of the dielectric part, wherein the operational atmospheric conditions and temperatures represent atmospheric conditions and temperatures to which the dielectric part is to be exposed during its use within the plasma processing system. Descripci�n
CLAIM OF PRIORITY This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(e) to each of the following U.S. Provisional Patent Applications: 1) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/978,082, filed Oct. 5, 2007; 2) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/978,085, filed Oct. 5, 2007; 3) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/978,087, filed Oct. 5, 2007; and 4) U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/978,089, filed Oct. 5, 2007. Each of the above-identified provisional patent applications is incorporated herein by reference.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/240,291, filed on even date herewith, entitled �Apparatus for Measuring Dielectric Properties of Parts,� and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/240,329, filed on even date herewith, entitled �Electrode for Use in Measuring Dielectric Properties of Parts,� and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/240,375, filed on even date herewith, entitled �Methods for Measuring Dielectric Properties of Parts.� The disclosure of each of the above-identified related applications is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Semiconductor wafer (�wafer�) fabrication often includes exposing a wafer to a plasma to allow the reactive constituents of the plasma to modify the surface of the wafer. Such plasma processing of a wafer can be performed in a plasma processing system in which a plasma is generated by transmitting radiofrequency (RF) power through a processing gas. The wafer characteristics resulting from the plasma processing operation are dependent on the process conditions, including the plasma conditions. Because the plasma conditions are closely tied to the RF power transmission through the system, it is beneficial to have an accurate knowledge of how the RF power is transmitted through the plasma processing system. Knowledge of how the RF power is transmitted through the plasma processing system is also necessary to match one plasma processing system to another, such that the plasma intensity in each plasma processing system is substantially the same for a given power input. To this end, it is necessary to have an accurate knowledge of the dielectric properties of the plasma processing system parts through which the RF power is transmitted.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one embodiment, a method is disclosed for characterizing dielectric properties of a part. The method includes an operation for placing a full-sized part within a dielectric property measurement apparatus. The method also includes operating the dielectric property measurement apparatus to determine a dielectric constant value of the full-sized part and a loss tangent value of the full-sized part. The method further includes an operation for attaching the determined dielectric constant and loss tangent values to the full-sized part.
In another embodiment, a method is disclosed for characterizing dielectric properties of a dielectric part of a plasma processing system. The method includes an operation for placing a full-sized version of the dielectric part within a dielectric property measurement apparatus. The method also includes operating the dielectric property measurement apparatus to determine a capacitance value of the dielectric part, a resistance value of the dielectric part, a dielectric constant value of the dielectric part, and a loss tangent value of the dielectric part. The method further includes an operation for embossing on the dielectric part each of the dielectric constant and loss tangent values of the dielectric part.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an illustration showing an apparatus for measuring dielectric properties of parts, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
(C total � with � part)=(C part {k part})+(C st1 {Y1})+(C st2 {Y1}) Equation 1
(C total � without � part)=(C st3 {Y2})+(C st2 {Y2}) Equation 2
The right side of Equation 3, (Ctotal � without � part) at the resonance frequency, can be measured directly by connecting a capacitance meter between the RF rod 113 and the upper electrode 105, with the RF rod 113 disconnected from the conductor plate 115 and the upper electrode 105 maintained at the vertical elevation corresponding to the resonance frequency when the part is absent. Also, the capacitance (Cst1{Y1}) between the hot electrode 109 and the portions of the upper electrode 105 outside of the contact region between the part 111 and the upper electrode 105 in the configuration of FIG. 6 can be simulated. Also, the capacitance (Cst2{Y1}) between the RE rod 113 and the chamber 101 bottom in the configuration of FIG. 6 can be simulated. In one embodiment, the capacitances (Cst1{Y1}) and (Cst2{Y1}) are simulated through a finite element model analysis of the configuration of FIG. 6. With the capacitances (Ctotal � without � part), (Cst1{Y1}), and (Cst2{Y1}) known, the capacitance of the part (Cpart{kpart}) can be calculated, as shown in Equation 4.
The method further includes an operation 1015 for simulating both the capacitance (Cst1{Y1}) between the hot electrode 109 and the portions of the upper electrode 105 outside of the contact region between the part 111 and the upper electrode 105, and the capacitance (Cst2{Y1}) between the RE rod 113 and the chamber 101 bottom. As previously mentioned, in one embodiment, the capacitances (Cst1{Y1}) and (Cst2{Y1}) can be simulated through a finite element model analysis. An operation 1017 is then performed to calculate the capacitance of the part (Cpart) as being equal to the total capacitance (Ctotal � without � part) determined in operation 1013 minus the capacitances (Cst1{Y1}) and (Cst2{Y1}) simulated in the operation 1015.
FIG. 12 is an illustration showing a flowchart of a method for determining a loss tangent of a part, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The method includes an operation 1201 for placing a part to be measured on the hot electrode 109 within the chamber 101, and for lowering the upper electrode 105 to rest on top of the part. In an operation 1203, the RF signal generator 125 is operated to transmit RF power to the hot electrode 109. In an operation 1205, the variable capacitor 123 is adjusted to achieve the resonance frequency, i.e., peak frequency, of the RF power. In one embodiment, the resonance frequency corresponds to a peak gain between the connectors 129 and 131 of the electrical components housing 103. In this embodiment, the RF voltmeter 127 can be monitored to identify when the variable capacitor 123 setting corresponds to the peak gain between the connectors 129 and 131, and thereby corresponds to the resonance frequency of the apparatus 100.
The method continues with an operation 1207 in which the RF signal generator 125 is controlled to sweep the frequency of the RF power over a range bounding the resonance frequency achieved in operation 1205, while using the RF voltmeter 127 to measure and record the gain of the apparatus 100 between the connections 129 and 131 at a number of frequencies within the frequency sweep range. In one embodiment, the frequency range covered by the frequency sweep of operation 1207 is defined to include a 3 dB variation in gain of the apparatus 100 on each side of the peak gain corresponding to the resonance frequency. The method further includes an operation 1209 for fitting a mathematical model of the gain of the apparatus 100 to the gain versus frequency data measured in operation 1207, wherein the fitting of operation 1209 provides a value for the total capacitance of the apparatus 100 with the part therein (Ctotal � with � part) and a value for the total resistance of the apparatus 100 with the part therein (Rtotal � with � part). The fitting of operation 1209 is further described below with regard to FIGS. 13-14 and Equation 5.
Gain =  1 ( - ⅈ 2 ⁢ C s ⁢ f ⁢ ⁢ π + 1 2 ⁢ ⅈ ⁢ ⁢ Cf ⁢ ⁢ π + 1 2 ⁢ f ⁢ ⁢ ⅈπ ⁢ ⁢ L + R L + 1 R X ) ( 2 ⁢ ⅈ ⁢ ⁢ Cf ⁢ ⁢ π + 1 2 ⁢ f ⁢ ⁢ ⅈπ ⁢ ⁢ L + R L + 1 R X )  Equation ⁢ ⁢ 5 In the operation 1209, Equation 5 is fit to the gain versus frequency data measured in operation 1207 with the part present in the apparatus 100, thereby yielding a value for the total capacitance of the apparatus 100 with the part therein, i.e., (C)=(Ctotal � with � part) and a value for the total resistance of the apparatus 100 with the part therein, i.e., (RX)=(Rtotal � with � part). FIG. 14 is an illustration showing an exemplary fitting of Equation 5 in accordance with operation 1209, based on gain versus frequency data measured and recorded in the frequency sweep of operation 1207. In one embodiment, a multivariate regression technique is used to fit Equation 5 to the measured gain versus frequency data in operation 1209. Also, in one embodiment, a confidence interval for each of the unknown parameters (C) and (RX) is estimated by Monte Carlo simulation.
The method continues with an operation 1217 in which the RF signal generator 125 is controlled to sweep the frequency of the RE power over a range bounding the resonance frequency achieved in operation 1215, while using the RF voltmeter 127 to measure and record the gain of the apparatus 100 between the connections 129 and 131 at a number of frequencies within the frequency sweep range. In one embodiment, the frequency range covered by the frequency sweep of operation 1217 is defined to include a 3 dB variation in gain of the apparatus 100 on each side of the peak gain corresponding to the resonance frequency. The method further includes an operation 1219 for fitting a mathematical model of the gain of the apparatus 100, i.e., Equation 5, to the gain versus frequency data measured in operation 1217. The fitting of operation 1219 provides a value for the total capacitance of the apparatus 100 with the part absent, i.e., (C)=(Ctotal � without � part), and a value for the total resistance of the apparatus 100 with the part absent (RX)=(Rtotal � without � part). As previously mentioned, a multivariate regression technique can be used to fit Equation 5 to the measured gain versus frequency data in operation 1219. Also, in one embodiment, a confidence interval for each of the unknown parameters (C) and (RX) is estimated by Monte Carlo simulation.
1 R part = 1 R total_without ⁢ _part - 1 R total_with ⁢ _part ⇒ ⁢ R part = ( R total_with ⁢ _part ) ⁢ ( R total_without ⁢ _part ) R total_with ⁢ _part - R total_without ⁢ _part Equation ⁢ ⁢ 6 The method then includes an operation 1223 for calculating the loss tangent of the part based on the resistance of the part (Rpart), as determined in operation 1221, the capacitance of the part (Cpart), as determined in the method of FIG. 10, and the resonance frequency, i.e., peak frequency, corresponding to operations 1205 and 1215. More specifically, the loss tangent of the part is determined using Equation 7.
Loss ⁢ ⁢ Tangent ⁢ ⁢ of ⁢ ⁢ Part = 1 ( Resonance ⁢ ⁢ Frequency ) ( R part ) ⁢ ( C part ) Equation ⁢ ⁢ 7 Based on the foregoing, it should be appreciated that the apparatus 100 and the associated methods (FIGS. 5B, 9, 10, 11, and 12) provide for measurement of the dielectric properties of actual full-size parts to be deployed in a plasma processing system. Also, the apparatus 100 and associated methods provide for measurement of the dielectric properties of parts at the actual operating frequency of the RF power to which the part will be exposed during plasma processing operations. Furthermore, the apparatus 100 and associated methods provide for measurement of the dielectric properties of parts under simulated atmospheric conditions and temperatures to which the part will be exposed during plasma processing operations. Additionally, the apparatus 100 and associated methods have been demonstrated to provide a loss tangent measurement repeatability having standard deviation of less than 1.24 E-5.
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