Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP4310251B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-21 14:32:52
Document Index: 687253705

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 5', 'art 2', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 2', 'art 5', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 4', 'art)\n16']

JP4310251B2 - Nozzle for cold spray and method for producing cold spray coating - Google Patents
Nozzle for cold spray and method for producing cold spray coating Download PDF
JP4310251B2
JP4310251B2 JP2004252221A JP2004252221A JP4310251B2 JP 4310251 B2 JP4310251 B2 JP 4310251B2 JP 2004252221 A JP2004252221 A JP 2004252221A JP 2004252221 A JP2004252221 A JP 2004252221A JP 4310251 B2 JP4310251 B2 JP 4310251B2
JP2004252221A
JP2005095886A (en
和彦 榊
和孝 玉置
2003-09-02 Priority to JP2003309684 priority Critical
2004-08-31 Application filed by 国立大学法人信州大学, 新日本製鐵株式会社 filed Critical 国立大学法人信州大学
2004-08-31 Priority to JP2004252221A priority patent/JP4310251B2/en
2005-04-14 Publication of JP2005095886A publication Critical patent/JP2005095886A/en
2009-08-05 Publication of JP4310251B2 publication Critical patent/JP4310251B2/en
The present invention provides a cold coating film in which a powder of a material powder is collided with a substrate at a high speed in a solid state by a supersonic working gas having a temperature of room temperature or higher and lower than the melting point or softening temperature of the material powder. The present invention relates to a nozzle used for spraying, a cold spray coating, and a method for manufacturing the coating.
In recent years, “cold spray” has attracted attention as a new thermal spraying process (for example, Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the cold spray, for example, with the configuration shown in FIG. 7, a gas having a temperature lower than the melting point or softening temperature of the material powder is changed to a supersonic flow, and the particles of the material are introduced into the supersonic flow gas. This is a technique for forming a film by colliding with a base material in a solid state. Here, the material powder is a metal, an alloy, an intermetallic compound, ceramics, or the like, and the upper limit of the temperature of the working gas is the melting point or lower or the softening temperature or lower. The softening temperature of the material powder is defined as a temperature at which the strength or hardness of the material powder is half of the strength or hardness at room temperature.
In the cold spray device shown in FIG. 7, a high-pressure working gas supplied from a gas source (air, nitrogen, helium, etc.) is branched into two paths, and one working gas passes through a gas heater and is at room temperature or higher. After being heated to a temperature lower than the melting point or softening temperature of the powder, it is supplied to the working gas supply hole of the cold spray device. The other working gas is supplied to the powder supply device and supplied as a carrier gas together with the material powder to the powder supply hole of the gun of the cold spray device. The working gas supplied from the working gas supply hole to the inlet of the cold spray nozzle passes through the tip, the throat, and the divergent part. The working gas expands, decreases in pressure, increases in speed, and finally becomes supersonic flow. It is ejected from the nozzle outlet at the tip of the nozzle.
Compared to conventional plasma spraying, flame spraying, high-speed flame spraying, etc., the cold spray has a significantly lower working gas temperature for heating and accelerating the material powder particles. The substrate is allowed to collide with the base material at a high speed (speed range of 300 to 1000 m / s), and the base material and particles are plastically deformed by the energy to form a film. The film thus obtained has excellent properties of being dense and having high density, high heat and electrical conductivity, little oxidation and thermal deterioration, and good adhesion.
Tsuji, "New Spray Process Cold Spray", Thermal Spray Technology, Vol. 20, No. 2, Sangyo Publishing Co., Ltd., August 30, 2000, p32-41 Tsuji, "Cold Spray Technology", Thermal Spray Technology, Vol. 21, No. 3, Sangyo Publishing Co., Ltd., February 5, 2002, p29-38
In the equipment used for the cold spray described above, the heated material powder passes through the nozzle at a high speed, so friction is generated between the nozzle and the material powder. Since the material powder adheres to the nozzle and the nozzle is blocked, and it takes a long time to replace the nozzle, it is applied to a large area object such as a roll for a steelmaking process or a mold, for example, a large area of 0.5 m 2 or more. There was a problem that a continuous coating could not be performed and a uniform film could not be obtained. In addition, since it is necessary to supply the material powder in the high-pressure gas flow, a general powder supply device cannot be used, and a dedicated powder supply device that can be applied to high pressure is required, and the powder is stable in operation. There was a problem that supply was difficult.
The present invention improves the inconvenience in the operation of such a cold spray facility, can use a general low-pressure powder supply device, can mix different kinds of powders if necessary, and is 0.5 m 2. Nozzle for cold spray capable of providing a coating film with high density, high density, high thermal and electrical conductivity, little oxidation and thermal deterioration, and good adhesion even in the above large area construction, and cold spray coating film and coating film thereof The manufacturing method of this is provided.
(1) In a cold spray nozzle in which a working gas having a temperature not lower than room temperature and not higher than the melting point or softening temperature of the material powder is made into a supersonic flow and is ejected together with the material powder, a conical taper that follows the nozzle inlet and the taper A cone-shaped divergent portion that follows, a cylindrical nozzle main body parallel portion that projects from the divergent portion, a powder inlet provided in the nozzle main body parallel portion, and a tip of the nozzle main body parallel portion A nozzle for cold spray, comprising: a cylindrical extended parallel portion detachably connected to the portion.
(2) 20 to 100 mm the diameter of the nozzle inlet portion, 20 to 150 mm the length of the taper, 4 ° to 60 ° tapered angle, 1 to 10 mm throat diameter, 1 to 300 mm the length of the divergent portion, The nozzle for cold spray according to (1), wherein a divergent angle is 0.1 ° to 45 °, and an outlet diameter is 3 to 20 mm.
(3) The cold spray nozzle according to (1) or (2), wherein the length of the cylindrical parallel portion is 10 to 300 mm.
(4) The nozzle for a cold spray according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the distance from the powder inlet to the throat is 1 to 50 mm.
(5) Using the cold spray nozzle according to any one of (1) to (4), the material powder is solidified together with a supersonic flow of working gas at a temperature not lower than room temperature and not higher than a melting point or softening temperature of the material powder. A method for producing a cold spray coating, characterized in that a film is formed by colliding with a substrate in a phase state.
(6) The cold spray according to (5), wherein the material powder is heated and charged to a temperature not lower than room temperature and not higher than the melting point or softening temperature of the material powder from a powder inlet provided in the nozzle body parallel part. A method for producing a coating.
In the cold spray nozzle structure according to the present invention, the extended parallel portion is detachably connected to the tip of the nozzle body parallel portion. This makes it possible to use inexpensive standard pipe materials and facilitate the replacement of parallel parts. Even if powder accumulates in large-area construction of 0.5 m 2 or more, it is easy to replace only the cylindrical part. When nozzle clogging occurs at the throat, divergent part, etc., nozzle maintenance becomes easy.
The present invention also provides a powder inlet for feeding material powder into the nozzle body parallel part of the cold spray nozzle. This makes it possible to use a general low-pressure powder supply device instead of a high-pressure powder supply device, there is no clogging of nozzles during large-area construction, and a cold spray coating formed by mixing different material powders. A membrane becomes possible.
Also, when the material powder is not sufficiently heated when passing through the nozzle, the material powder is heated to a temperature below the softening point and is introduced from the supply port, and plastic deformation on the substrate surface is likely to occur. A dense film can be obtained.
The film formed by the cold spray nozzle of the present invention is dense and has high density, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity even in a large area construction of 0.5 m 2 or more, little oxidation and thermal alteration, and good adhesion. is there. Furthermore, it is possible to form a high-quality film in which different materials are mixed.
As described above, the present invention greatly contributes to the progress of cold spray technology, and the industrial contribution is extremely remarkable.
First , Reference Example 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a mode in which only a desorption mechanism is provided in a parallel portion of a cold spray nozzle according to Reference Example 1 . In FIG. 1, the nozzle body has a conical tapered portion 1 following a nozzle inlet portion to which working gas and material powder are supplied, and a short conical divergent portion 2a continuing to the tapered portion 1 through a throat portion 3; Further, it is composed of a cylindrical extended parallel part 5 following the divergent part 2a, and has a desorption mechanism in the extended parallel part . As the desorption mechanism, a screw may be provided at an arbitrary position of the extended parallel portion , or a nut may be used. In the example of FIG. 1, a male screw part 5 s is provided at the end of the parallel part 5 on the side of the divergent part 2 a, and the extended parallel part 5 is nozzled by screwing into a female screw part 1 s provided at the parallel part mounting position of the tapered part 1 body. It is detachable from the main body. The cylindrical extended parallel portion 5 preferably has a circular inner cross-sectional shape, but may have a rectangular shape. Further, the detachable extended parallel portion can be formed of a separate and inexpensive pipe material.
In the example shown in FIG. 1, the length Ld of the divergent portion 2 a is relatively shorter than the tapered portion 1 and the extended parallel portion 5, and the cone apex angle (the divergent angle) β is extended parallel only in the divergent portion. It is larger than a nozzle not provided with a portion, and preferably 30 ° to 45 °. In this nozzle example, the parallel portion 5 having a sufficient length Ls connection is provided from the throat portion 3 through the divergent portion 2a, so that the static pressure of the working gas is about atmospheric pressure at the divergent portion outlet side.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a mode in which only the powder inlet is provided in the nozzle body parallel portion of the cold spray nozzle according to the above (1) of the present invention. The nozzle body shown in FIG. 2 is similar to the nozzle shown in FIG. 1 in that it has a conical tapered portion 1, a throat portion 3, a short conical divergent portion 2 b, and a cylindrical extended parallel integral with the nozzle body. It is comprised from the part 5a. Further, the divergent portion 2b is relatively short as compared with the tapered portion 1 and the extended parallel portion 5a, the angle β is also large, and 30 ° to 45 ° is preferable as in the nozzle shown in FIG.
The nozzle shown in FIG. 2 is a mode in which one powder inlet 4 is provided at a position k from the throat 3 of the nozzle body parallel part , but a plurality of powder inlets 4 may be provided. The distance k from the throat 3 to the powder inlet 4 may be determined as appropriate. Moreover, to provide a powder inlet 4, sufficiently thicker than the part thickness of the nozzle body parallel portion at a portion the thickness of the extended parallel portions 5a, the parallel portion to the two-stage shape in the extension parallel portions 5a and nozzle body parallel portion It is preferable to form.
In the nozzle example shown in FIG. 2, the divergent portion 2b makes it easy to set the gas pressure in the vicinity of the powder inlet 4 to about atmospheric pressure, and it is possible to use a low-pressure powder supply device. Less accumulation. Moreover, since the speed of the working gas reaches the supersonic speed after passing through the throat and divergent part, the material powder can be sufficiently accelerated to a speed at which the material powder can be formed by introducing the material powder in the parallel part of the nozzle body .
Figure 3 is a nozzle for cold spray according to the present onset Akira is provided desorption mechanism and powder inlet to the nozzle body parallel portion. When mixing different materials using the nozzle shown in FIG. 3, although a high-pressure powder supply device is required, working gas and material powder are supplied to the nozzle inlet, and different kinds of material powder are supplied to the powder inlet. 4 may be supplied. Thereby, even if powder accumulates on a throat part, a nozzle body parallel part, or an extension parallel part , these parallel parts can be maintained or replaced easily.
In the extended parallel part 5 a shown in FIG. 3, the position where the desorption mechanism is provided may be the tip part of the parallel part of the nozzle body , or may be a position on the divergent side from the powder inlet 4. As the desorption mechanism, a screw may be provided or a nut may be used. In Figure 3, the male screw part 5s and the female thread portion 1s provided at a position of varying the thickness of the parallel portion 5a, and a detachable by screwing both.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a cold spray nozzle according to Reference Example 2 (Reference Example 3). Unlike FIGS. 1 to 3, the nozzle body is not provided with a parallel part or an extended parallel part, and is for a tapered and narrow-type cold spray. This nozzle is characterized in that a material powder inlet, that is, a powder inlet 4 is provided in a conical divergent portion. The cold spray nozzle shown in FIG. 4 includes a conical tapered portion 1 that follows a nozzle inlet portion to which a working gas is supplied, and a conical divergent portion for powder injection that is integrally formed following the tapered portion 1. 2, the boundary between the tapered portion 1 and the divergent portion 2 is the throat portion 3 with the narrowest section, and the powder inlet 4 is provided in the divergent portion 2.
This powder inlet 4 is drilled at a suitable position of the divergent section 2, preferably at a position near the throat section 3, so that the tip of the supply section of a separately prepared powder supply apparatus is mounted. The cold spray nozzle shown in FIG. 4 is an example in which a single powder inlet 4 is provided. However, for example, when different materials are mixed, a plurality of powder injection ports 4 may be provided.
In addition, when mixing different materials, a working gas supply device and a powder supply device that divides the high pressure working gas into two systems or a high pressure powder supply device is required. A supply hole and a powder supply port may be provided, the working gas and the material powder may be supplied to the nozzle inlet, and the different material powder may be supplied to the powder inlet 4.
In the example of the cold spray nozzle shown in FIG. 4, the angle (divergent angle) β of the divergent portion 2 is from a considerably smaller range than the angle (approximately 5 °) of the conventional nozzle divergent portion (structure of FIG. 7). It is preferable to be in the range of 0.1 ° to 5 ° to the same extent. In addition, it is preferable to ensure the length Ld of the divergent portion with a small diameter to some extent because it is effective for the introduction of different kinds of material powders from the powder inlet, and a composite coating can be formed. Further, the shape of the nozzle cross section (cross section of the divergent portion) is preferably circular, but may be rectangular.
1 to 4, the dimensions of each part of the cold spray nozzle used are 20 to 100 mm in the diameter di of the nozzle inlet, 20 to 150 mm in the length Lc of the tapered portion, and 4 to 60 degrees in the taper angle α. It is preferable that the throat diameter dt is 1 to 10 mm, the length Ld of the divergent portion is 1 to 300 mm, the divergent angle β is 0.1 ° to 45 °, and the outlet diameter do is 3 to 20 mm. In particular, the preferred taper angle α is 20 ° to 40 °. Moreover, it is preferable to make the length Ls of the cylindrical parallel part of FIGS. 1-3 into the range of 10-300 mm. The structure of the nozzle shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and the size and angle of each part of the nozzle are the conditions such as the material powder type, particle diameter, powder supply amount, working gas type, pressure, temperature, etc. It may be appropriately selected depending on the situation.
Moreover, in FIGS. 1-4, the working gas injected from the exit of the nozzle of a cold spray is a supersonic flow, The flow rate is determined by the throat diameter dt. When the throat diameter dt is larger than 10 mm, there are practical problems such as excessive flow of working gas. Further, if the throat diameter dt is smaller than 1 mm, the material powder supplied from the nozzle inlet portion may accumulate on the throat portion and the throat portion may be blocked. Therefore, the throat diameter dt is preferably 1 to 10 mm.
The diameter di of the nozzle inlet may be appropriately determined according to the throat diameter dt, but is preferably about 10 to 20 times the throat diameter dt, that is, 20 to 100 mm, in order to suppress the flow disturbance. . Also, if the nozzle tip is short and the taper angle is too large, the flow is likely to be disturbed, so the nozzle tip is long, and if the taper angle is too small, the nozzle becomes large and difficult to handle. The length Lc and the taper angle α are preferably 20 to 150 mm and 4 ° to 60 °, respectively. Since the gas introduced from the nozzle inlet is relatively high temperature and low speed, depending on the type of material particles, the longer the nozzle details, the more uniform the material particles. In some cases, a good film can be produced.
The working gas flow is supersonic at the outlet side of the nozzle throat, that is, at the divergent part. However, if the divergent angle β and the outlet diameter do are increased, the working gas flow may be separated or excessively expanded. . Further, due to processing restrictions, the nozzle wide end angle β is substantially 0.1 ° to 45 °, and the outlet diameter do is determined by the nozzle diameter and the nozzle wide end angle β, but is preferably 3 to 20 mm.
In the nozzle body parallel part and the extended parallel part , the material particles are accelerated and heated by the working gas. For this reason, the length of these parallel parts must be at least 10 mm. On the other hand, if the nozzle body parallel part and the extended parallel part become too long, the speed and temperature of the working gas decrease due to tube friction, heat dissipation to the nozzle, etc., and turbulence is likely to occur. Therefore, the length Ld of the divergent part and the length Ls from the divergent part to the tip of the extended parallel part are preferably 300 mm or less.
The cold spray nozzle having the structure shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is provided with a powder inlet 4, which is separated from the nozzle throat 3 by a distance of about 1 to 50 mm, and the nozzle body. It is preferable to provide in a parallel part or an extended parallel part. In the nozzle of the present invention, when the working gas is sprayed to the divergent part through the throat part, it becomes about atmospheric pressure at the outlet side of the divergent part, so the powder inlet 4 should be provided as close to the throat part 3 as possible. Is preferred. If the distance k between the throat portion 3 and the powder inlet 4 exceeds 50 mm, the pressure due to the pipe friction loss increases and cannot be handled by a low-pressure supply device. The lower limit is preferably 1 mm because it cannot be shorter than Ld.
FIG. 5 illustrates another aspect of the present invention. The nozzle for cold spray includes a tapered portion 11, a throat portion 13, a divergent portion 12, a nozzle body parallel portion, and an extended parallel portion 5. Two powder inlets 14 are provided opposite to each other across the injection shaft in the thick portion of the nozzle body parallel portion on the outlet side (injection direction) of the divergent portion 12. Furthermore, the parallel portion extending from the nozzle body parallel portion is the outlet side of the powder inlet 14, a structure of attaching the injection nozzle portion (extension parallel portion) 15 by a nut 23 which is detachable mechanism. The injection nozzle portion 15 is formed of a long pipe, and is attached to the thick portion of the parallel portion extending from the nozzle body parallel portion through the nut 23 so as to be airtight and replaceable.
The tip 11 of the cold spray nozzle and the gas / powder supply unit 17 are fixed by a nut 18 via a honeycomb-shaped commutator 24 and a gasket 16 for adjusting the gas flow. The gas / powder supply unit 17 is provided with a working gas supply hole 19, a powder supply hole 20, a temperature measurement hole 21, and a pressure measurement hole 22, and an appropriate gas supply source, powder supply source, temperature measurement mechanism, and pressure, respectively. Connected to the measurement mechanism. In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a honeycomb-shaped commutator 24 for adjusting the gas flow, but it is not essential and is not limited to the honeycomb shape.
In the case of forming a film using the apparatus of FIG. 5, first, the working gas is supplied from the working gas supply hole 19 and is sent to the nozzle detail 11 through the commutator 24. The temperature and pressure of the working gas are measured through the temperature measurement hole 21 and the pressure measurement hole 22 and are controlled so that they are within a set range, specifically, a range of 0 to 700 ° C. and 1 to 6 MPa. . Since the working gas has a relatively high temperature and a lower speed than the divergent portion 12 in the tapered portion 11 at the nozzle inlet, the material powder can be heated uniformly.
The working gas increases in speed at the outlet side of the tapered portion 11, reaches the sound velocity at the throat portion 13, further expands at the divergent portion 12, the pressure drops to about atmospheric pressure, and accelerates to become supersonic speed, and the injection nozzle portion 15 Passes through the exit and spouts into the atmosphere as supersonic flow. Since the working gas expands in the divergent portion 12 and the pressure decreases, the pressure becomes about atmospheric pressure at the position of the powder inlet 14. Accordingly, the material powder can be supplied from the powder inlet 14 together with the supply gas having a pressure of about 0.2 MPa. The material powder introduced from the powder inlet 14 is accelerated and heated by the working gas in the injection nozzle portion 15 to become a supersonic flow, and is ejected from the outlet and collides with the base material to form a film.
When the heating of the material powder is not sufficient, the material powder is heated to a temperature below the softening point, for example, 400 ° C. in the case of Cu, 200 ° C. in the case of Al, Zn, and inert to prevent oxidation. A dense film can be obtained by using a carrier gas, argon, nitrogen, or the like, from the supply port.
In the cold spray facility shown in FIG. 5, two powder inlets 14 are provided in the parallel part on the outlet side of the widest part of the cold spray nozzle, but only one powder inlet 14 may be provided. Three or more may be used. Further, if a plurality of powder inlets 14 are provided and different kinds of material powders are introduced into the respective powder inlets 14, a mixed film can be formed. Furthermore, it is possible to supply different types and different amounts of material powders from the plurality of powder inlets 14, whereby the mixing ratio of the coating film of the composite material can be changed.
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the working gas supply hole 19, the powder supply hole 20, the temperature measurement hole 21 and the pressure measurement hole 22 are provided in the gas / powder supply unit 17. However, mixing of material powders having different melting points is shown. When forming a film, a material powder having a high melting point can be supplied from the powder supply hole 20 and a material powder having a low melting point can be supplied from the powder inlet 14, which is extremely useful. Further, the working gas may be supplied from the working gas supply hole 19 and the powder supply hole 20 and the material powder may be supplied from the powder inlet 14, and the working gas is supplied from the working gas supply hole 19 without providing the powder supply hole 20. You may supply.
Next, using a cold spray nozzle above Symbol present invention and Reference Examples 1 to 3, the formed coating film will be described. For example, any one of metals such as Zn, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, Mo, Fe, Nb, Ti, and an alloy is used as a material powder, and the cold sprays of the present invention and the reference examples according to the above (1) to (5) By forming the coating film using the nozzle for use, it is possible to prevent the powder supply from becoming unstable and clogging the nozzle during construction. For this reason, even in a large area construction of 0.5 m 2 or more, the variation in the porosity can be 10% or less, for example, 2% or less in the porosity of the metal coating, and the metal oxide can be 0.001 to 1%. . Of course, in the present invention, it is natural that the same condition is satisfied even in the area construction of less than 0.5 m 2 or the minimum area construction. In addition, by maintaining the porosity and oxide amount of the coating within the above-mentioned low ranges, it is possible to obtain a state in which the oxide is dense and less oxidized, and the oxide is partially dispersed uniformly at the crystal grain boundaries. A film having excellent characteristics of 90% or more of the raw material powder can be obtained. The coating may be any metal or alloy such as Zn, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, Mo, Fe, Nb, Ti, etc., as appropriate, depending on the application. Alloys are preferred.
The porosity of the coating was determined by polishing and etching the cross section of the coating formed by cold spray, observing the structure photograph at 1000 times with a scanning electron microscope (referred to as SEM), and taking 10 fields of view. Using SEM micrographs, image processing was performed, and the area ratio per unit area of the void was measured, and variations in 10 fields of view ((maximum value−average value) / average value × 100 or (average value−minimum value) / The average value × 100 (large value) and the average value may be obtained. The oxide amount of the film may be obtained as an average value of 10 fields of view by measuring the area ratio per unit area of the oxide after removing voids in the above SEM structure photograph by image processing. For the image processing, as shown in FIG. 6, a sketch diagram in which an SEM photograph is modeled may be used. In FIG. 6, the black-colored portion in the drawing is a void portion, and the hatched portion is an oxide.
・ Material powder: Cu alloy, particle size 10 μm
-Working gas: Nitrogen gas, temperature 400 ° C, pressure 4MPa
・ Substrate: Cu (2 m × 1 m × thickness 10 cm)
Dimensions and angles of each portion of the nozzle for cold spray is Ru der As shown in Table 1. In Table 1, no . Nos. 3 and 9 are the present invention . Nos. 1, 2, 8, and 10 are cold spray nozzles provided with only a desorption mechanism in the extended parallel portion. 4～7,11,12 is nozzle cold spray provided only flour powder charging mechanism in the nozzle body parallel portion.
Reference Example No. Nos. 1, 2, 8, and 10 are charged with material powder only from the nozzle inlet. In Nos. 3 and 9, the material powder was charged only from the powder inlet. Reference Example No. In Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, and 12, the material powder was fed from both the nozzle inlet and the powder inlet, both of which were introduced from the nozzle inlet and the powder inlet.
This invention No. In Nos. 3 and 9, Cu powder as a material powder was heated to 400 ° C. and supplied.
Reference Example No. In 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12, maintenance of the inside of the nozzle was performed by exchanging the extended parallel portion with a desorption mechanism every 0.5 m 2 of construction area. This invention No. In 3 and 9, construction was possible without maintenance.
Cold spray was performed on a large area of 2 m 2 under the above conditions, and the obtained coating was evaluated as follows. The cross sections of the coating film and repair coating film formed by cold spraying were polished and etched, and observed with a SEM at a magnification of 1000, and 10 fields of view were taken. The obtained SEM structure photograph was subjected to image processing to determine the area ratio per unit area of the void, and then the area ratio per unit area of the oxide was measured after removing the void by image processing. Variations and simple averages of the measured values of the 10 fields of view obtained were determined, and the porosity and oxide amount of the coating were determined. The conductivity was measured with a contact-type conductivity meter.
The results are shown in Table 1. The symbol indicates the case where the porosity is less than 0.05%, the symbol ◯ indicates 0.05 to 2%, and the symbol X indicates a value larger than 2%. Example coating obtained is formed by a nozzle of the present invention is a porosity of 0.03% or less, Ri our excellent denseness, of high evaluation was obtained. On the other hand, in all of the comparative examples, friction occurs between the nozzle and the material powder, and the material powder is deposited on the inner surface of the nozzle, the throat portion, the divergent portion, etc., and the nozzle is generally installed with a construction area of 0.5 m 2. Since it was blocked, the construction was temporarily interrupted, the nozzle was replaced, and the construction was performed again at a later date, so that the porosity of the coating and the amount of oxide increased locally, and did not reach those of the present invention.
It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the nozzle for cold spray which concerns on the reference example 1 which provided only the desorption mechanism in the extension parallel part. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the nozzle for cold spray which concerns on the reference example 2 which provided only the powder injection port in the nozzle body parallel part. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the nozzle for cold sprays concerning this invention which provided the desorption mechanism in the extension parallel part, and the powder injection port in the nozzle body parallel part. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the nozzle for cold spray which concerns on the reference example 3 which provided the powder inlet in the divergent part. The specific example of the gun part of the cold spray apparatus incorporating the nozzle which concerns on this invention is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is the sketch figure which modeled, after etching the cross-sectional structure | tissue photograph of the film formed by cold spray. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the conventional cold spray equipment.
1, 11 Nozzle details 2, 2a, 2b, 12 Nozzle divergent part 3, 13 Throat part 4, 14 Powder inlet 5, 5a, 15 Extended parallel part (cylindrical part)
16 Gasket 17 Gas / Powder Supply Unit 18, 23 Nut 19 Working Gas Supply Hole 20 Powder Supply Hole 21 Temperature Measurement Hole 22 Pressure Measurement Hole 24 Commutator (Honeycomb)
In a cold spray nozzle in which a working gas having a temperature not lower than room temperature and not higher than the melting point or softening temperature of the material powder is made into a supersonic flow and is ejected together with the material powder, a conical taper that follows the nozzle inlet and a cone that follows the taper A cylindrical nozzle body parallel part protruding from the nozzle body, a powder inlet provided in the nozzle body parallel part, and a tip part of the nozzle body parallel part A nozzle for cold spraying, characterized in that it has a cylindrical extended parallel portion connected to each other.
20~100mm the diameter of the nozzle inlet portion, 20 to 150 mm the length of the taper, 4 ° to 60 ° tapered angle, 1 to 10 mm throat diameter, 1 to 300 mm the length of the divergent portion, a divergent angle The nozzle for cold spray according to claim 1, wherein the outlet diameter is 0.1 to 45 ° and the diameter of the outlet is 3 to 20 mm.
The nozzle for cold spray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the cylindrical parallel portion is 10 to 300 mm.
The nozzle for cold spray according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a distance between the powder inlet and the throat is 1 to 50 mm.
Using the cold spray nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the material powder is kept in a solid state together with a supersonic flow of a working gas that is at least room temperature and below the melting point or softening temperature of the material powder. A method for producing a cold spray coating, characterized by forming a film by colliding with a material.
6. The production of a cold spray coating according to claim 5, wherein the material powder is heated and charged to a temperature not lower than room temperature and not higher than a melting point or softening temperature of the material powder from a powder inlet provided in the nozzle body parallel part. Method.
JP2004252221A 2003-09-02 2004-08-31 Nozzle for cold spray and method for producing cold spray coating Active JP4310251B2 (en)
JP2003309684 2003-09-02
JP2004252221A JP4310251B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2004-08-31 Nozzle for cold spray and method for producing cold spray coating
JP2005095886A JP2005095886A (en) 2005-04-14
JP4310251B2 true JP4310251B2 (en) 2009-08-05
ID=34467498
JP2004252221A Active JP4310251B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2004-08-31 Nozzle for cold spray and method for producing cold spray coating
JP (1) JP4310251B2 (en)
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