Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN105204443A/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-20 02:29:34
Document Index: 535313542

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CN105204443A - Method Of Calculating Stable Spindle Rotation Number Capable Of Suppressing Chatter Vibration, Method Of Informing The Same, Method Of Controlling Spindle Rotation Number, And Method Of Editing Nc Program, And Apparatus Therefor - Google Patents
Method Of Calculating Stable Spindle Rotation Number Capable Of Suppressing Chatter Vibration, Method Of Informing The Same, Method Of Controlling Spindle Rotation Number, And Method Of Editing Nc Program, And Apparatus Therefor Download PDF
CN105204443A
CN105204443A CN201510250920.3A CN201510250920A CN105204443A CN 105204443 A CN105204443 A CN 105204443A CN 201510250920 A CN201510250920 A CN 201510250920A CN 105204443 A CN105204443 A CN 105204443A
stable revolution
CN201510250920.3A
大野胜彦
Dmg森精机株式会社
2014-05-21 Priority to JP2014-104896 priority Critical
2014-05-21 Priority to JP2014104896A priority patent/JP6625794B2/en
2015-05-15 Application filed by Dmg森精机株式会社 filed Critical Dmg森精机株式会社
2015-12-30 Publication of CN105204443A publication Critical patent/CN105204443A/en
G05B2219/49108—Spindle speed
G05B2219/50041—Measuring intensity of tool vibration
Numerous and diverse preliminary work need not be carried out and just can calculate the device that the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter can be suppressed to stablize revolution
The present invention relates to and a kind ofly can suppress the calculation method of the spindle revolutions of the Regenerative Chatter (regenerativechattervibration) when using lathe to carry out cut and method for reporting, spindle revolutions control method and NC program (program) edit methods and implement the device of these methods.
In the past just well-known, when use lathe adds man-hour to workpiece, machining precision (especially surface accuracy) can be caused to be deteriorated because of flutter.This flutter is roughly divided into forces flutter and self-excitation flutter, thinks and forces flutter to be that the resonant frequency of frequency with vibrational system owing to acting on excessive external force or external force is synchronous and produce.On the other hand, self-excitation flutter has regenerative chatter (Regenerative Chatter) and the flutter of mode coupling (modecoupling) type, think the Regenerative Chatter cutting (so-called regeneration efficity) that to be cyclical movement because carrying out cutting resistance continuously strengthen each other with the interaction of the cyclical movement of cutting thickness and producing, and think that the flutter of mode coupling type is when the vibration mode of both direction has close resonant frequency, the flutter that the vibration mode of this both direction is coupled and produces.
And, as the method for the Regenerative Chatter suppressed in described flutter, proposed the stability limit line chart (representing the line chart of the stability limit cutting width=penetraction depth relative to spindle revolutions) of trying to achieve as shown in Fig. 4 (a) in the past, the mode being positioned at stabilized zone with spindle revolutions adjusts the methods such as this spindle revolutions, and then, Patent Document 1 discloses the process data modification method after by described method improvement following.
As shown in this Fig. 4 (a), in stability limit line chart, even if there is the region (such as " gutter 1 ", " gutter 2 ", " gutter 3 ") being called as gutter that multiple intensification penetraction depth also can not produce Regenerative Chatter, the spindle revolutions of this gutter periphery is set as stable revolution.Further, if the natural vibration frequency of instrument is set to f r[Hz], is set to N by the sword number of instrument, so the spindle revolutions n of " gutter 1 " that revolution is the highest 1[min -1] by n 1=f r× 60/N represents, the spindle revolutions n of " gutter 2 " 2by n 2=f r× 60/ (N × 2) represent, the spindle revolutions n of " gutter 3 " 3by n 3=f r× 60/ (N × 3) represent, in this way, and the spindle revolutions n of m " gutter m " mby n m=f r× 60/ (N × m) (m is positive integer) represents.In addition, spindle revolutions is higher, and the scope of the stabilized zone of gutter is wider.
About the basic skills of trying to achieve described stability limit line chart, be described in detail in following non-patent literature 1 and non-patent literature 2, but according to these non-patent literatures 1 and 2, stability limit cutting width a limcalculated by following formula.
a lim＝-1/(2K f×G(ω c))
In addition, the K in formula ffor than cutting resistance (specificcuttingforce) [N/mm 2], G (ω c) move the real part than transport function (compliancetransferfunction) (vibration displacement exports the ratio relative to power input), ω for the power of mechanical realization cfor angular frequency.
Further, than cutting resistance K fproduce thickness for 1mm and area of section is 1mm 2the power of the mode of chip cutting direction when workpiece is cut, such as, can as described in disclosed in patent documentation 1, utilize the instrument used suitably to carry out trial cut to workpiece and cut, calculate this than cutting resistance K according to the current value now circulated in spindle drive motor f.
In addition, the real part G (ω than transport function is moved about power c), also Patent Document 1 discloses its overview at this, as disclosed in patent documentation 1, this power moves the real part G (ω than transport function c) be obtain in the following way: in the front end of the instrument being installed on machine tool chief axis, vibrating detector (acceleration transducer) is installed, then, utilize the leading section being installed with ram hammer (impacthammer) hammer tool of force snesor (dynamometer) at beating part, and obtain the output signal (signal about the free vibration of instrument) of acceleration transducer and the output signal (signal about hitting power) of force snesor, then utilize special treating apparatus to process these signals.
[patent documentation 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2013-43240 publication
[non-patent literature 1] this English of society two, " generation mechanism of the flutter in cut and suppression ", electrically steel processed, No. 2, the 82nd volume, 2011 years
[non-patent literature 2] Suzuki religion and, " flutter (a front section) in cut ", accurate engineering proceedings Vol.76, No.3,2010
But as mentioned above, in the method for suppression Regenerative Chatter in the past, there are the following problems: in order to try to achieve stability limit line chart, and must carry out for obtaining than cutting resistance K fexamination processing or use ram hammer to carry out hitting test to move real part G (ω than transport function with acquisition power c) etc. preliminary work, in addition, due to described than cutting resistance K fand power moves the real part G (ω than transport function c) be the eigenvalue of instrument and lathe, so described preliminary work must be carried out respectively according to the instrument that will use and lathe, so that this complex operation and very bothering.
In addition, use the strike of ram hammer test to be undertaken by people, therefore easily producing artificial deviation, in addition, also there is the problem of following technical elements: in order to obtain definite data, strike itself needs technical ability.
In addition, about the hammer tip (hammertip) being installed on beating part of ram hammer, the cycle (inverse of frequency) wanting the vibration frequency measured must be calculated, in the mode in the scope being in 0.3 times ~ about 1 times of this cycle duration of contact of hammer, selected hammer tip is carried out by repetition test, also loaded down with trivial details in this.
The present invention completes in view of described actual conditions, and object is to provide a kind of and need not carries out numerous and diverse preliminary work and just can calculate the device etc. that the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter can be suppressed to stablize revolution.
As by the method solving described problem,
Have a kind of calculation method that the main shaft of flutter can be suppressed to stablize revolution, it calculates the method that the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter when using lathe to carry out cut can be suppressed to stablize revolution, and comprise:
Vibration frequency calculates step, because of the vibration data that instrument produces during acquisition cut, analyzes, calculate the vibration frequency of this instrument to this vibration data;
Regeneration vibration detecting step, compares the vibration frequency and spindle revolutions that calculate the described instrument calculated in step in described vibration frequency, detects described instrument and whether create Regenerative Chatter;
Revolution changes step, when tremble in detecting step in described regeneration detect create Regenerative Chatter time, make described spindle revolutions reduce gradually or increase; And
Stable revolution calculates step, monitors the upset condition calculating the vibration frequency of the described instrument calculated in step in described vibration frequency, and the spindle revolutions when variation of vibration frequency being exceeded special datum value is set to stable revolution.
Further, the calculating apparatus that the main shaft of the present invention possessing following formation can be utilized to stablize revolution suitably implements the method.That is, the calculating apparatus that revolution stablized by this main shaft comprises and forming as lower component:
Vibration data acquisition unit, because of the vibration data of instrument generation during acquisition cut;
Vibration frequency calculating section, analyzes the vibration data got by described vibration data acquisition unit, calculates the vibration frequency of described instrument;
Regeneration vibration test section, compares the vibration frequency of the described instrument calculated in described vibration frequency calculating section and spindle revolutions, detects described instrument and whether create Regenerative Chatter;
Main shaft rotation control unit, when detect at described regeneration vibration test section create Regenerative Chatter time, make described spindle revolutions reduce gradually or increase; And
Stablize revolution calculating section, monitor the upset condition of the vibration frequency of the described instrument calculated in described vibration frequency calculating section, the spindle revolutions when variation of vibration frequency being exceeded special datum value is set to stable revolution.
According to this calculating apparatus, first, when described vibration data acquisition unit obtains cut because of the vibration data of instrument generation, and utilize vibration frequency calculating section to analyze accessed vibration data, calculate the vibration frequency of instrument, calculated vibration frequency is sent to described regeneration vibration test section (vibration frequency calculates step).
At regeneration vibration test section, the vibration frequency of the instrument calculated by described vibration frequency calculating section and spindle revolutions are now compared, when the vibration frequency of instrument is that decision means creates Regenerative Chatter (regeneration vibration detecting step) from when being equivalent to be multiplied by the different frequency of the frequency of the value of the sword number gained of instrument to spindle revolutions.In addition, in cut, obtaining described vibration data and calculating vibration frequency and detect regeneration vibration is perform continuously with specific interval.
And, if detect at described regeneration vibration test section and create Regenerative Chatter, so utilize described main shaft rotation control unit that spindle revolutions is reduced gradually or increase (revolution change step), and utilize described stable revolution calculating section to monitor the upset condition of the vibration frequency of the instrument calculated by described vibration frequency calculating section, when the variation of vibration frequency exceedes special datum value, spindle revolutions is now determined as to stablize revolution (stablize revolution and calculate step).In addition, the variation of vibration frequency can be grasped by the residual quantity calculating the vibration frequency of successively sending from described vibration frequency calculating section.
Fig. 4 (b) is the line chart of the relation of the frequency representing spindle revolutions and Regenerative Chatter, but the curve of frequency corresponding to the Regenerative Chatter of spindle revolutions is in some multiple spindle revolutions disjunction, and each curve represents different upset conditions respectively.That is, when creating Regenerative Chatter, if while make spindle revolutions such as reduce gradually, while monitor the upset condition of the vibration frequency of the instrument calculated by described vibration frequency calculating section, so vibration frequency uprises suddenly, and that is, the variation of vibration frequency becomes very big, in other words, occur exceeding special datum value place.Such as, in Fig. 4 (b), if make spindle revolutions from 5000 [min -1] reduce gradually, so vibration frequency reduces gradually along curve A, is 4600 [min in spindle revolutions -1] near time sharply rise to about 177 [Hz] from about 147 [Hz], reduce gradually along curve B afterwards.
As by referring to Fig. 4 (a) and (b) known, spindle revolutions when this variation exceedes special datum value is the revolution corresponding to gutter, and the spindle revolutions when variation of vibration frequency can be exceeded special datum value determines as to stablize revolution.In addition, the confirmation that the variation of vibration frequency exceedes the spindle revolutions of special datum value also can confirm by making this spindle revolutions increase gradually.Therefore, in the present invention, when regenerate vibration test section detect create Regenerative Chatter time, utilize main shaft rotation control unit to make spindle revolutions reduce gradually or increase.And described special datum value is used to the value of the critical point detecting vibration frequency variation, and is can detect that the mode of this critical point is appropriately pre-setting.
Like this, according to the present invention, monitor and whether produce Regenerative Chatter in cut, when creating Regenerative Chatter, can while make spindle revolutions reduce gradually or increase, the upset condition of the vibration frequency of adviser tool, decides the stable revolution of main shaft thus, therefore without the need to numerous and diverse, the unstable preliminary work as in the past, and the stable revolution of main shaft can automatically and exactly be obtained.
In the present invention, calculate in step at the stable revolution performed by described stable revolution calculating section, following aspect can also be adopted: when described main shaft rotation control unit makes spindle revolutions reduce gradually, the variation of described vibration frequency is about to the vibration frequency exceeded before described reference value and is set to f [Hz], spindle revolutions is now set to n [min -1], the sword number of described instrument is set to N, positive integer is set to i b, utilize following formula numerical expression 1 to be similar to this integer i b, then, use and become calculated integer i bfollowing positive integer i, calculates stable revolution n by following formula numerical expression 2 i; Or when described main shaft rotation control unit makes spindle revolutions increase gradually, the vibration frequency after the variation of described vibration frequency has just been exceeded described reference value is set to f [Hz], and spindle revolutions is now set to n [min -1], the sword number of described instrument is set to N, positive integer is set to i b, utilize following formula numerical expression 1 to be similar to this integer i b, then, use and become calculated integer i bfollowing positive integer i, calculates stable revolution n by following formula numerical expression 2 i.
i b＝(f×60)/(n×N)
n i＝(f×60)/(N×i)
As from Fig. 4 (b), described vibration frequency f is resonant frequency (the natural vibration frequency f close to instrument r) value.Therefore, ((f × 60)/N) represents the spindle revolutions of gutter 1, with being somebody's turn to do ((f × 60)/N) described integer i divided by spindle revolutions n gained now bbecome and represent that this spindle revolutions n is equivalent to the index of which gutter.Suppose i bbe approximately integer " 4 ", so this spindle revolutions n is regarded as the spindle revolutions corresponding to " gutter 4 ".Further, " 3 " that are used as this " 4 " integer below replace the spindle revolutions n of the i gained of numerical expression 2 3become the spindle revolutions corresponding to " gutter 3 ", replace the spindle revolutions n of i gained with " 2 " 2become the spindle revolutions corresponding to " gutter 2 ", replace the spindle revolutions n of i gained with " 1 " 1become the spindle revolutions corresponding to " gutter 1 ".Like this, described numerical expression 1 and numerical expression 2 can be utilized and calculate the stable revolution n of main shaft i.
In addition, in the present invention, also in addition to the composition also reporting unit can be set, implement by this report portion the step (reporting step) the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section being reported to operating personnel.So, when creating Regenerative Chatter, operating personnel easily can obtain and identify the stable spindle revolutions can eliminating this Regenerative Chatter.In addition, as the aspect of report, the aspect such as can be listed below: stable revolution picture is shown in display, or is exported in a voice form by stable revolution by loudspeaker.
And in the present invention, described main shaft rotation control unit can also be configured to: implement revolution correction step, described revolution correction step spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section.If formed in this way, even if so produce Regenerative Chatter in cut, also need not seek any measure by operating personnel and just can automatically eliminate this Regenerative Chatter, thus stable processing can be realized.And, can prevent from causing workpiece to become defective products because of Regenerative Chatter.
And, in the present invention, described main shaft rotation control unit also can be configured to: when calculated stable revolution exists multiple, in described revolution correction step, spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to the highest stable revolution, or, with reference to the testing result in described regeneration vibration detecting step, while spindle revolutions during described cut is progressively modified to high stable revolution.Thus, can not working (machining) efficiency be reduced and eliminate Regenerative Chatter.
And, in the present invention, can adopt following aspect: also comprise NC program editing portion (NC correction program step), this NC program editing portion (NC correction program step) is that spindle revolutions set in described NC program is modified to the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section.According to this formation, when spindle revolutions set in NC program is the revolution that can produce Regenerative Chatter, owing to utilizing NC program editing portion by this spindle revolutions auto modification for stablize revolution, therefore operating personnel need not be bothered to wait and automatically can obtain the NC program be applicable to that can not produce Regenerative Chatter, and, can prevent from advance forgetting Modifying NC Program, that after next time, therefore carries out using this NC program adds man-hour, can positively realize stable processing.
In addition, when calculating multiple stable revolution described stable revolution calculating section (stablize revolution and calculate step), can in NC program editing portion (NC correction program step), select the highest stabilizing revolution in these multiple stable revolutions, or select arbitrarily a stable revolution to revise the spindle revolutions in NC program.
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, monitor and whether produce Regenerative Chatter in cut, when creating Regenerative Chatter, can while make spindle revolutions reduce gradually or increase, the upset condition of the vibration frequency of adviser tool, decides the stable revolution of main shaft thus, therefore without the need to numerous and diverse, the unstable preliminary work as in the past, and the stable revolution of main shaft can automatically and exactly be obtained.
And if arrange reporting unit and by this report portion, stable revolution be reported to operating personnel, so when creating Regenerative Chatter, operating personnel easily can obtain and identify the stable spindle revolutions can eliminating this Regenerative Chatter.
And, if formed in the mode utilizing main shaft rotation control unit spindle revolutions during cut to be modified to the stable revolution calculated by stable revolution calculating section, even if so produce Regenerative Chatter in cut, also need not seek any measure by operating personnel and just can automatically eliminate this Regenerative Chatter, thus stable processing can be realized.
And, if arrange NC program editing portion, spindle revolutions set in NC program is modified to the stable revolution calculated by stable revolution calculating section, so when spindle revolutions set in NC program is the revolution that can produce Regenerative Chatter, this spindle revolutions automatically can be modified to stable revolution, operating personnel need not be bothered to wait and automatically can obtain the suitable NC program that can not produce Regenerative Chatter.
Fig. 1 is the key diagram representing the NC lathe of the first embodiment of the present invention and the schematic configuration of spindle revolutions control device.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the schematic configuration of the spindle revolutions control device representing the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the schematic configuration of the NC program editing device representing the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is used to the key diagram be described the stable revolution of main shaft, Fig. 4 (a) represents the stability limit line chart of stability limit cutting width relative to spindle revolutions, and Fig. 4 (b) is the line chart of the relation representing spindle revolutions and Regenerative Chatter frequency.
Description of reference numerals: 1-NC lathe; 5-main shaft; 7-platform; T-instrument; W-workpiece; 10-NC device; 20-spindle revolutions control device; 21-operational part; 22-vibration frequency calculating section; 23-regeneration vibration test section; 24-main shaft rotation control unit; 25-stablizes revolution calculating section; 26-reports control part; 30-acceleration transducer; 35-annunciator.
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, while be described concrete embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 represents the spindle revolutions control device of the first embodiment and sets up the key diagram of schematic configuration of NC lathe of this spindle revolutions control device, and Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the formation representing spindle revolutions control device.
First, the outline of NC lathe 1 is described.This NC lathe 1 comprises: base (bed) 2; Post 3, erects on base 2; Main tapping 4, can be arranged on the front surface (machining area side one side) of post 3 in Z-direction shown in arrow with moving freely; Main shaft 5, Ke Raozhou center rotatably remains on described main tapping 4; Saddle 6, can be arranged on than on described main tapping 4 described base 2 on the lower with moving freely in Y direction shown in arrow; Platform 7, can be disposed on saddle 6 with moving freely in X-direction shown in arrow; Conveying mechanism (not shown), makes described main tapping 4, saddle 6 and platform 7 move towards described each direction of principal axis; Spindle drive motor (not shown), makes described main shaft 5 rotate; And NC device 10, digital control described conveying mechanism (not shown) and spindle drive motor (not shown) etc.In addition, described X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis are mutually orthogonal axle.
Like this, in this NC lathe 1, under the control of NC device 10, drive described conveying mechanism (not shown) and spindle drive motor (not shown), main shaft 5 is around its axle central rotation, and this main shaft 5 relatively moves in three dimensions with platform 7.Then, such as, NC device 10 drives described conveying mechanism (not shown) and spindle drive motor (not shown) according to built-in NC program, utilizes thus and is arranged on instrument T on main shaft 5 to load and the workpiece W be fixed on platform 7 suitably processes.
Next, the spindle revolutions control device 20 of this example is described.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the spindle revolutions control device 20 of this example annunciator 35 that comprises operational part 21, be arranged on the acceleration transducer 30 of the outer peripheral face of described main shaft 5 and be connected with described operational part 21.
Described acceleration transducer 30 detect main shaft 5 acceleration, namely from the acceleration (namely vibrating) that the instrument T that is arranged on main shaft 5 transmits.If utilize the instrument T rotated to carry out cut to described workpiece W, so make instrument T produce vibration because of its cutting resistance, but acceleration transducer 30 detects the vibration (because of the vibration that instrument T produces) passing to main shaft 5 from this instrument T, and exports the signal corresponding with this vibration.
Described annunciator 35 comprises the display carrying out picture display, the picture of display about stablizing revolution.
Described operational part 21 comprises CPU (CentralProcessingUnit, central processing unit), ROM (ReadOnlyMemory, ROM (read-only memory)), RAM (RandomAccessMemory, random access memory) etc. hardware and be stored in the software etc. of the suitable storage part such as ROM or RAM, by performing this software as vibration frequency calculating section 22, regeneration vibration test section 23, stablize each function part performance function of revolution calculating section 25, main shaft rotation control unit 24 and report control part 26.
Described vibration frequency calculating section 22 is carried out in cut at use instrument T to workpiece W, input the output signal from described acceleration transducer 30, Fourier analysis (Fourieranalysis) is carried out to this output signal, maximum frequency contents is sent to described regeneration vibration test section 23 and described stable revolution calculating section 25 as the vibration frequency of instrument T.In addition, in cut, it is that (sampling) interval of specifically sampling is carried out continuously that this vibration frequency calculates process.
Described regeneration vibration test section 23 receives the vibration frequency of the instrument T calculated by described vibration frequency calculating section 22 from this vibration frequency calculating section 22, and the revolution of described main shaft 5 is now received from described NC device 10, the revolution (hereinafter referred to as spindle revolutions) of the vibration frequency of this instrument T and main shaft 5 is compared, carries out judging whether this instrument T creates the process of Regenerative Chatter.More particularly, regeneration vibration test section 23 by the vibration frequency of instrument T with particular range (margin) is added to the frequency (rotation frequency of spindle) being equivalent to spindle revolutions and being multiplied by the value of the sword number gained of instrument T after frequency range (main shaft rotation frequency range) compare, when the vibration frequency of instrument T is the frequency outside main shaft rotation frequency range, decision means T creates Regenerative Chatter, and regeneration vibration detection signal is sent to described main shaft rotation control unit 24 and described stable revolution calculating section 25.Its reason is: by being multiplied by the sword number of instrument T to spindle revolutions, the frequency that obtains is the vibration frequency produced because of the sword contact workpiece W of instrument T, therefore be normal vibration frequency, on the other hand, vibration frequency is in addition abnormal vibration frequency, that is, can be regarded as the vibration frequency about Regenerative Chatter.
Described main shaft rotation control unit 24, when receiving regeneration vibration detection signal from described regeneration vibration test section 23, sends the signal being used for spindle revolutions is reduced gradually to described NC device 10.The signal being used for spindle revolutions is reduced gradually can be distinctive signal, but is preferably set to for the enable override signal (overridesignal) of adjustment according to the spindle revolutions of present instruction.Common NC device 10 possesses override function, if make spindle revolutions reduce by this override function, so need not improve NC device 10, and can restraining device cost.In addition, when making spindle revolutions reduce by this enable override signal, the override value (number percent) such as reduced gradually as 99%, 98%, 97% is sent to NC device 10 with the specific time interval by main shaft rotation control unit 24.Thus, under the control of NC device 10, spindle revolutions is made to reduce gradually.
And, if described main shaft rotation control unit 24 receive calculated in the described stable revolution calculating section 25 of description by details relevantly stablize revolution n idata, the process described in just stopping, spindle revolutions being reduced gradually, in order to by cut in spindle revolutions be modified to received stable revolution n i, and corrected signal is sent to revise the revolution of described main shaft 5 to described NC device 10.In addition, as corrected signal, the distinctive signal of the data comprised about revising revolution can be set to, but preferably be set to enable override signal spindle revolutions set in NC program being adjusted to correction revolution in the same manner as described.So, NC device 10 need not be improved, and can restraining device cost.And, about received stable revolution n idata when existing multiple, revise in the mode becoming wherein the highest revolution.
The process after receiving regeneration vibration detection signal from described regeneration vibration test section 23 of described stable revolution calculating section 25, the process carried out is the upset condition of the vibration frequency monitoring the instrument T sent from described vibration frequency calculating section 22, when the variation of vibration frequency exceedes special datum value, exceed the vibration frequency f [Hz] before special datum value and spindle revolutions n [min now based on being about to -1], and calculate according to following formula numerical expression 1 and numerical expression 2 the stable revolution n becoming candidate i[min -1], by about calculated stable revolution n idata be sent to described main shaft rotation control unit 24 and report control part 26.In addition, the variation of vibration frequency calculates by obtaining the residual quantity of the vibration frequency of successively sending from described vibration frequency calculating section 22.And, receive spindle revolutions n via described main shaft rotation control unit 24 from NC device 10.
Wherein, N is the sword number of instrument T, i bfor positive integer, i is i bfollowing positive integer.
As used Fig. 4 mentioned above, the homologous thread of the frequency of spindle revolutions n and Regenerative Chatter is in some multiple spindle revolutions n disjunction as shown in Fig. 4 (b), and each curve represents different upset conditions respectively.That is, when creating Regenerative Chatter, if make spindle revolutions n such as reduce gradually, the upset condition of the vibration frequency of adviser tool T on one side, so vibration frequency uprises suddenly, that is, the variation of vibration frequency becomes very big, and occurs exceeding special datum value place.
Such as, in this Fig. 4 (b), if make spindle revolutions n from 5000 [min -1] reduce gradually, so vibration frequency reduces gradually along curve A, is 4600 [min at spindle revolutions n -1] near time sharply rise to about 177 [Hz] from about 147 [Hz], reduce gradually along curve B afterwards.As known with reference to Fig. 4 (a) and (b), spindle revolutions n when this variation exceedes special datum value is the revolution corresponding to gutter, and when the variation of vibration frequency exceedes special datum value, spindle revolutions is for stablize revolution.In addition, this special datum value is used to the value of the critical point detecting vibration frequency variation, and is can detect that the mode of this critical point is appropriately pre-setting.
And as from Fig. 4 (b), described variation is about to the value that the described vibration frequency f exceeded before special datum value is the resonant frequency (natural vibration frequency fr) close to instrument T.Therefore, ((f × 60)/N) in described numerical expression 1 can regard as ((fr × 60)/N), is equivalent to the spindle revolutions of gutter 1.Thus, with should ((f × 60)/N) divided by spindle revolutions n now and the described integer i be similar to bbecome and represent that this spindle revolutions n is equivalent to the index of which gutter.
Such as, when spindle revolutions n is 1400 [min -1] time, if detected by described regeneration vibration test section 23 and create Regenerative Chatter, and stablize revolution calculating section 25 and receive regeneration vibration detection signal from regeneration vibration test section 23, so this stable revolution calculating section 25 monitors the upset condition (upset condition of curve D) of the vibration frequency of the instrument T sent from described vibration frequency calculating section 22, if become 1125 [min at spindle revolutions n -1] near, the variation of vibration frequency exceedes described special datum value, so detects the variation of this vibration frequency, based on the vibration frequency f=147 [Hz], the spindle revolutions n=1125 [min that are about to exceed before special datum value -1], and utilize described numerical expression 1 to calculate described i as gutter index as described as follows b.In addition, the sword number N of instrument T is set to 2.
i b＝147×60/(1125×2)＝3.92≈4
According to this result, 1125 [min -1] the stable revolution of the 4th gutter can be regarded as.
Then, stablize revolution calculating section 25 setting and become calculated i b(=4) positive integer below, replaces the i of described numerical expression 2 by these positive integers, calculate the stable revolution n becoming candidate i[min -1].
In this embodiment, corresponding to the stable revolution n of the 4th gutter 4become
n 4＝(147×60)/(2×4)＝1103[min -1]，
Corresponding to the stable revolution n of the 3rd gutter 3become
n 3＝(147×60)/(2×3)＝1470[min -1]，
Corresponding to the stable revolution n of second gutter 2become
n 2＝(147×60)/(2×2)＝2205[min -1]，
Stable revolution n1 corresponding to first gutter becomes
n 1＝(147×60)/(2×1)＝4410[min -1]。
Described stable revolution calculating section 25 calculates the stable revolution n becoming candidate in this way i, and by about calculated stable revolution n idata be sent to described main shaft rotation control unit 24 and report control part 26.In addition, according to the spindle revolutions n producing Regenerative Chatter, described i is had bbecome the situation of 1, in the case, only calculate the stable revolution n being equivalent to " gutter 1 " 1.
Described report control part 26 shows to the picture of described annunciator 35 function part controlled, and makes the stable revolution n about being calculated by described stable revolution calculating section 25 iinformation frame be shown in described annunciator 35.As shown picture, expression can be illustrated and stablize revolution n iword (text) picture.
According to the spindle revolutions control device 20 of this example possessing above formation, detect the vibration because instrument T produces by described acceleration transducer 30, the signal corresponding to this vibration is input to described vibration frequency calculating section 22.Then, in vibration frequency calculating section 22, at least in cut, Fourier analysis is carried out to the vibration signal inputted from described acceleration transducer 30, maximum frequency contents is sent to described regeneration as the vibration frequency of instrument T and trembles test section 23 and described stable revolution calculating section 25.
At regeneration vibration test section 23, the revolution of the vibration frequency of the instrument T calculated by described vibration frequency calculating section 22 with described main shaft 5 is now compared, whether decision means T creates Regenerative Chatter, when being judged to create Regenerative Chatter, regeneration vibration detection signal is sent to described main shaft rotation control unit 24 and described stable revolution calculating section 25.
Then, in described main shaft rotation control unit 24, when receiving regeneration vibration detection signal from described regeneration vibration test section 23, described NC device 10 being sent to the signal being used for spindle revolutions is reduced gradually, and spindle revolutions is reduced gradually.
On the other hand, in described stable revolution calculating section 25, the upset condition processing the vibration frequency simultaneously monitoring the instrument T sent from described vibration frequency calculating section 22 is reduced with the spindle revolutions of described main shaft rotation control unit 24, when the variation of vibration frequency exceedes special datum value, exceed the vibration frequency f [Hz] before special datum value and spindle revolutions n [min now based on being about to -1], and the stable revolution n becoming candidate is calculated according to described numerical expression 1 and numerical expression 2 i[min -1], by about calculated stable revolution n idata be sent to described main shaft rotation control unit 24 and report control part 26.
Then, when described main shaft rotation control unit 24 receives about stablizing revolution n from described stable revolution calculating section 25 idata time, stop spindle revolutions is reduced gradually process, corrected signal is sent to described NC device 10, becomes stable revolution n with the revolution of described main shaft 5 ithe revolution of mode to this main shaft 5 revise.
And what described report control part 26 made to receive from described stable revolution calculating section 25 relevantly stablizes revolution n iinformation frame be shown in described annunciator 35.
Like this, according to the spindle revolutions control device 20 of this example, regeneration vibration test section 23 is utilized to monitor whether produce Regenerative Chatter in cut, when creating Regenerative Chatter, while make spindle revolutions reduce gradually by main shaft rotation control unit 24, while the upset condition of vibration frequency by stable revolution calculating section 25 adviser tool T, the stable revolution n of main shaft can be determined thus i, so without the need to numerous and diverse, unstable preliminary work as in the past, and automatically and exactly can obtain the stable revolution n of main shaft i.
And, when creating Regenerative Chatter in cut, utilize main shaft rotation control unit 24 that the spindle revolutions in cut is automatically modified to stable revolution n i, therefore need not seek any measure by operating personnel and automatically can eliminate Regenerative Chatter, thus stable processing can be realized.And, by such mode, can prevent from causing workpiece to become defective products because of Regenerative Chatter.
And, by the stable revolution n calculated by described stable revolution calculating section 25 ibe shown in annunciator 35, therefore when creating Regenerative Chatter, operating personnel easily can identify the stable spindle revolutions n that can eliminate this Regenerative Chatter i, and can adopt the suitable spindle revolutions of the NC program defined be stored in NC device 10 is changed to shown stable revolution n ietc. countermeasure.
And described main shaft rotation control unit 24 is at the stable revolution n calculated by stable revolution calculating section 25 iwhen existing multiple, spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to the highest stable revolution n i, therefore can not reduce working (machining) efficiency and eliminate Regenerative Chatter.
Next, with reference to Fig. 3, while be described the NC program editing device of the second embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, the NC program editing device 40 of this example is device the present invention being embodied as NC program editing device, as shown in Figure 3, the formation of this NC program editing device 40 only possesses in NC program editing portion 42 this point different from the operational part 21 of described spindle revolutions control device 20 at operational part 41, and other formations are identical with described spindle revolutions control device 20.Therefore, identical symbol is marked to identical component part, and omit its detailed description.
Described NC program editing portion 42 is connected with described NC device 10, is handled as follows: when receiving from described stable revolution calculating section 25 about stablizing revolution n idata time, terminate executory cut, afterwards by the NC program be stored in NC device 10 be applicable to spindle revolutions change to the stable revolution n sent i.
As the concrete aspect of change process, include, for example following aspect: read the NC program be applicable to from this NC device 10, detecting the S code be applicable in this NC program, the numerical value of the relevant revolution in this S code being replaced into about stablizing revolution n inumerical value, afterwards to be stored in described NC device 10 be applicable to NC program overriding editor after NC program, thus the NC program after this editor is stored in described NC device 10.
In addition, at the stable revolution n calculated by described stable revolution calculating section 25 iwhen existing multiple, the spindle revolutions be applicable in NC program also can be modified to the highest stable revolution n by NC program editing portion 42 i, or be modified to an optional stable revolution n i.
Like this, according to the NC program editing device 40 of this example, when spindle revolutions set in NC program is the revolution that can produce Regenerative Chatter, by NC program editing portion 42, this spindle revolutions is automatically modified to stable revolution, therefore operating personnel need not be bothered to wait and automatically can obtain the suitable NC program that can not produce Regenerative Chatter, and can prevent from advance forgetting Modifying NC Program, when therefore carrying out the processing using this NC program after this, can positively realize stable processing.
Above, concrete embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, but the adoptable aspect of the present invention is not by any restriction of these embodiments.
Such as, in upper example, described main shaft rotation control unit 24 is configured to, when detecting Regenerative Chatter by regeneration vibration test section 23, spindle revolutions being reduced gradually, but is not limited thereto, on the contrary, this main shaft rotation control unit 24 also can be configured to, and when detecting Regenerative Chatter, spindle revolutions is increased gradually.As from Fig. 4 (b), the confirmation that the variation of vibration frequency exceedes the spindle revolutions of special datum value also can confirm by making this spindle revolutions increase gradually.Therefore, even if form main shaft rotation control unit 24 in this way, also stable revolution n can be calculated in stable revolution calculating section 25 i.In addition, in the case, stablize revolution calculating section 25 and be configured to, the variation based on vibration frequency has just exceeded the vibration frequency after special datum value, and calculates the stable revolution n becoming candidate according to described numerical expression 1 and 2 i.
And described main shaft rotation control unit 24 also can be configured to, as the stable revolution n calculated in stable revolution calculating section 25 iwhen existing multiple, with reference to the testing result in described regeneration vibration test section 23, while spindle revolutions during described cut is progressively modified to high stable revolution.Due to stable revolution n ifor the spindle revolutions of Regenerative Chatter can not be produced, if therefore consider working (machining) efficiency, so preferably spindle revolutions is modified to the highest stable revolution n iif, but be modified to the highest stable revolution n quickly i, produce unexpected undesirable condition so sometimes, be therefore preferably with reference to the testing result in regeneration vibration test section 23, be progressively modified to high stable revolution on one side.Even if like this, also correspondingly, working (machining) efficiency can not reduced and eliminate Regenerative Chatter.
And, in described stable revolution calculating section 25, calculate multiple stable revolution n becoming candidate according to described numerical expression 1 and 2 i, but to be not limited thereto, to stablize the spindle revolutions that revolution calculating section 25 also can be configured to only the variation of the vibration frequency of instrument T be exceeded special datum value and be set to stable revolution.In the aspect thinking little of working (machining) efficiency, also Regenerative Chatter can be eliminated according to this formation.
And in upper example, described annunciator 35 comprises display, but is not limited thereto, and also can comprise the voice outputs such as loudspeaker.In the case, report that control part 26 is formed in the mode controlling voice output.
And, in upper example, the vibration data because instrument T produces is obtained by the acceleration transducer 30 being arranged on main shaft 5, but be not limited thereto, such as also can in the machining area of NC lathe, arrange microphone above it, collect the cutting sound in cut by this microphone, obtain described vibration data thus.Cutting sound is produce because of the vibration of instrument T, therefore detects the vibrational state of instrument T by analyzing cutting sound.
1. a calculation method for revolution stablized by main shaft, and it calculates the method that the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter when using lathe to carry out cut can be suppressed to stablize revolution, it is characterized in that, comprising:
2. the calculation method of revolution stablized by main shaft according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described stable revolution calculates step also when described revolution change step makes spindle revolutions reduce gradually, the variation of described vibration frequency is about to the vibration frequency exceeded before described reference value and is set to f [Hz], spindle revolutions is now set to n [min -1], the sword number of described instrument is set to N, positive integer is set to i b, utilize following formula to be similar to this integer i b, then, use and become calculated integer i bfollowing positive integer i, utilizes following formula to calculate stable revolution n i; Or when described revolution change step makes spindle revolutions increase gradually, the vibration frequency after the variation of described vibration frequency has just been exceeded described reference value is set to f [Hz], and spindle revolutions is now set to n [min -1], the sword number of described instrument is set to N, positive integer is set to i b, utilize following formula to be similar to this integer i b, then, use and become calculated integer i bfollowing positive integer i, utilizes following formula to calculate stable revolution n i;
n i＝(f×60)/(N×i)。
3. a calculation method for revolution stablized by main shaft, is the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter can be suppressed to stablize when using lathe to carry out cut method that revolution is reported to operating personnel; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each step according to claim 1, and
Comprise and stable revolution calculated the reporting step that stable revolution that step calculates is reported to operating personnel.
4. a calculation method for revolution stablized by main shaft, is the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter can be suppressed to stablize when using lathe to carry out cut method that revolution is reported to operating personnel; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each step according to claim 2, and
5. a spindle revolutions control method for lathe is the method when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise revolution correction step, spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to and calculates by described stable revolution the stable revolution that step calculates.
6. a spindle revolutions control method for lathe is the method when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
7. a spindle revolutions control method for lathe is the method when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each step according to claim 3, and
8. a spindle revolutions control method for lathe is the method when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each step according to claim 4, and
9. the spindle revolutions control method of the lathe according to any one of claim 5 to 8, is characterized in that:
In described revolution correction step, when being calculated stable revolution that step calculates by described stable revolution and existing multiple, spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to the highest stable revolution.
10. the spindle revolutions control method of the lathe according to any one of claim 5 to 8, is characterized in that:
In described revolution correction step, when being calculated stable revolution that step calculates by described stable revolution and existing multiple, while with reference to the testing result in described regeneration vibration detecting step, spindle revolutions during described cut is progressively modified to high stable revolution.
11. 1 kinds of NC program editing methods are methods spindle revolutions set in NC program being modified to the stable revolution that can suppress the Regenerative Chatter of instrument in the cut of the numerically-controlled machine using NC program; It is characterized in that:
Comprise each step described in described claim 1 or 2, and
Comprise NC program editing step, spindle revolutions set in described NC program changes to the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculation method.
The calculating apparatus of revolution stablized by 12. 1 kinds of main shafts, is to calculate the device that the main shaft of Regenerative Chatter when using lathe to carry out cut can be suppressed to stablize revolution; It is characterized in that comprising and form as lower component:
Vibration data acquisition unit, the vibration data produced because of instrument when obtaining cut;
Regeneration vibration test section, compares the vibration frequency of described instrument calculated in described vibration frequency calculating section and the revolution of main shaft, detects described instrument and whether create Regenerative Chatter;
Main shaft rotation control unit, when detect at described regeneration vibration test section create Regenerative Chatter time, make the revolution of described main shaft reduce gradually or increase; And
The calculating apparatus of revolution stablized by 13. main shafts according to claim 12, it is characterized in that:
Described stable revolution calculating section is also configured to: when described main shaft rotation control unit makes spindle revolutions reduce gradually, the variation of described vibration frequency is about to the vibration frequency exceeded before described reference value and is set to f [Hz], spindle revolutions is now set to n [min -1], the sword number of described instrument is set to N, positive integer is set to i b, utilize following formula to be similar to this integer i b, then, use and become calculated integer i bfollowing positive integer i, utilizes following formula to calculate stable revolution n i; Or when described main shaft rotation control unit makes spindle revolutions increase gradually, the vibration frequency after the variation of described vibration frequency has just been exceeded described reference value is set to f [Hz], and spindle revolutions is now set to n [min -1], the sword number of described instrument is set to N, positive integer is set to i b, utilize following formula to be similar to this integer i b, then, use and become calculated integer i bfollowing positive integer i, utilizes following formula to calculate stable revolution n i;
The calculating apparatus of revolution stablized by 14. main shafts according to claim 12, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise reporting unit, the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section is reported to operating personnel by described reporting unit.
The calculating apparatus of revolution stablized by 15. main shafts according to claim 13, it is characterized in that:
The spindle revolutions control device of 16. 1 kinds of lathes is the devices when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each portion according to claim 12, and
Described main shaft rotation control unit is also configured to: spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section.
The spindle revolutions control device of 17. 1 kinds of lathes is the devices when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each portion according to claim 13, and
The spindle revolutions control device of 18. 1 kinds of lathes is the devices when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each portion according to claim 14, and
The spindle revolutions control device of 19. 1 kinds of lathes is the devices when using lathe to carry out cut, spindle revolutions being controlled the stable revolution for suppressing the Regenerative Chatter of instrument; It is characterized in that:
Comprise described each portion according to claim 15, and
20., according to claim 16 to the spindle revolutions control device of the lathe according to any one of 19, is characterized in that:
Described main shaft rotation control unit is configured to: when the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section exists multiple, spindle revolutions during described cut is modified to the highest stable revolution.
21., according to claim 16 to the spindle revolutions control device of the lathe according to any one of 19, is characterized in that:
Described main shaft rotation control unit is configured to: when the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section exists multiple, while with reference to the testing result in described regeneration vibration test section, spindle revolutions during described cut is progressively modified to high stable revolution.
22. 1 kinds of NC program editing devices are devices spindle revolutions set in NC program being modified to the stable revolution that can suppress the Regenerative Chatter of instrument in the cut of the numerically-controlled machine using NC program; It is characterized in that:
Comprise each portion described in described claim 12 or 13, also comprise NC program editing portion,
Spindle revolutions set in described NC program is modified to the stable revolution calculated by described stable revolution calculating section by described NC program editing portion.
CN201510250920.3A 2014-05-21 2015-05-15 Method Of Calculating Stable Spindle Rotation Number Capable Of Suppressing Chatter Vibration, Method Of Informing The Same, Method Of Controlling Spindle Rotation Number, And Method Of Editing Nc Program, And Apparatus Therefor CN105204443A (en)
JP2014-104896 2014-05-21
JP2014104896A JP6625794B2 (en) 2014-05-21 2014-05-21 A method for calculating a spindle stable rotational speed capable of suppressing chatter vibration, a method for notifying the method, a method for controlling a spindle rotational speed, an NC program editing method, and an apparatus therefor.
CN105204443A true CN105204443A (en) 2015-12-30
ID=53298136
CN201510250920.3A CN105204443A (en) 2014-05-21 2015-05-15 Method Of Calculating Stable Spindle Rotation Number Capable Of Suppressing Chatter Vibration, Method Of Informing The Same, Method Of Controlling Spindle Rotation Number, And Method Of Editing Nc Program, And Apparatus Therefor
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