Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7421858?dq=5343970
Timestamp: 2014-03-11 07:25:11
Document Index: 85696365

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 150', 'art 150', 'art 180', 'art 190', 'art 180', 'art 150', 'arts 150', 'arts 150']

Patent US7421858 - Optical transmission substrate, method for manufacturing optical ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsProvided is an optical transmission substrate including: a first substrate; an optical waveguide which has clad covering a core and a periphery of the core and extends on an upper surface of the first substrate; a second substrate provided parallel to the first substrate so that a lower surface thereof...http://www.google.com/patents/US7421858?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7421858 - Optical transmission substrate, method for manufacturing optical transmission substrate and optoelectronic integrated circuitAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7421858 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/679,460Publication dateSep 9, 2008Filing dateFeb 27, 2007Priority dateNov 27, 2003Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS7212713, US20050117833, US20070137254Publication number11679460, 679460, US 7421858 B2, US 7421858B2, US-B2-7421858, US7421858 B2, US7421858B2InventorsTadashi Fukuzawa, Masaki HasegawaOriginal AssigneeInternational Business Machines CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (16), Non-Patent Citations (5), Classifications (29), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetOptical transmission substrate, method for manufacturing optical transmission substrate and optoelectronic integrated circuitUS 7421858 B2Abstract Provided is an optical transmission substrate including: a first substrate; an optical waveguide which has clad covering a core and a periphery of the core and extends on an upper surface of the first substrate; a second substrate provided parallel to the first substrate so that a lower surface thereof contacts an upper surface of the optical waveguide; a reflection surface which is provided on a cross section of the core at an end of the optical waveguide and reflects light, which travels through the core of the optical waveguide, toward the second substrate; and a light guide which is provided in the second substrate and guides the light, which is reflected toward the second substrate, toward an upper surface of the second substrate from a position closer to the core than an upper surface of the clad.
1. A method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate, comprising:
2. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 1, wherein,
3. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 1, further comprising:
4. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 3, wherein
5. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 3, wherein, in the light guide installation step, the core at the end of the optical waveguide and the light guide are bonded to each other by use of an optical adhesive.
6. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 3, further comprising:
7. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 1, further comprising:
8. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 1, wherein
9. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 8, wherein
10. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 8, wherein
11. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 1, wherein, in the metal film removal step, a femtosecond laser is irradiated on the metal film to remove the metal film.
12. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 1, wherein, in the metal film removal step, the metal film is removed by reactive ion etching.
13. A method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate, comprising:
a lower clad layer formation step of forming a lower clad layer of a plurality of optical waveguides on an upper surface of a first substrate;
a core formation step of forming cores of the optical waveguides;
a metal film formation step of forming a metal film above the cores at an end of the optical waveguides;
an upper clad layer formation step of forming an upper clad layer above the cores in the optical waveguides in a state where the metal film is formed;
an opening formation step of selectively removing the second substrate laminated on the metal film and forming an opening extending to an upper surface of the metal film from an upper surface of the second substrate;
a metal film removal step of selectively removing the metal film;
a light guide installation step of forming a plurality of light guides positioned in the second substrate, wherein said light guides guide said light, which was reflected toward the second substrate, toward an upper surface of the second substrate from a position closer to the cores than an upper surface of the clad; and
a connector formation step of forming a connector connected to said plurality of light guides, wherein said connector is inserted into an opening penetrating the second substrate, and wherein said connector aligns the light guides with positions receiving light reflected toward the second substrate by the reflection surfaces.
14. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 13, wherein,
in the upper clad layer formation step, the upper clad layer is formed on the cores in the optical waveguides and the metal film and
15. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 13, wherein, said light guides installation step of providing said light guides in the opening, the light guides guiding light, which travels through the cores and is reflected toward the second substrate at the end of the optical waveguides, toward the upper surface of the second substrate from a position where the metal film is removed.
16. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 15, wherein
in the metal film formation step, the metal film is formed on an upper surface of the cores at the end of the optical waveguides and
in the light guide installation step, the light guides which contacts the cores at the end of the optical waveguides is installed.
17. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 16, wherein, in the light guide installation step, the cores at the end of the optical waveguides and the light guides are bonded to each other by use of an optical adhesive.
18. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 15, further comprising:
a core upper clad layer formation step of forming cores upper clad layer on an upper surface of the cores of the optical waveguides before the metal film is formed and after the cores of the optical waveguides is formed, wherein
in the metal film formation step, the metal film is formed on an upper surface of the cores upper clad layer at the end of the optical waveguides,
in the upper clad layer formation step, the upper clad layer is formed on the upper surface of the cores upper clad layer in the optical waveguides in a state where the metal film is formed,
in the light guide installation step, the light guides which contacts the cores upper clad layer at the end of the optical waveguides is installed.
19. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 13, further comprising:
a reflection part formation step of forming a reflection part having a reflection surface on an upper surface of the lower clad layer, the reflection surface reflecting light traveling through the cores of the optical waveguides toward the second substrate, wherein
in the cores formation step, the cores of which cross section contacts the reflection surface at the end of the optical waveguides is formed.
20. A method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate, comprising:
a connector formation step of forming a connector connected to said plurality of light guides, wherein said connector is inserted into an opening penetrating the second substrate, and wherein said connector aligns the light guides with positions receiving light reflected toward the second substrate by the reflection surfaces,
wherein, said light guides installation step of providing said light guides in the opening, the light guides guiding light, which travels through the cores and is reflected toward the second substrate at the end of the optical waveguides, toward the upper surface of the second substrate from a position where the metal film is removed.
21. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 20, wherein,
22. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 20, wherein
23. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 20, wherein, in the light guide installation step, the core at the end of the optical waveguide and the light guide are bonded to each other by use of an optical adhesive.
24. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 20, further comprising:
25. The method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate according to claim 20, further comprising:
in the core formation step, the core of which cross section contacts the reflection surface at the end of the optical waveguide is formed. Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/977,170, filed on Oct. 29, 2004 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,212,713.
(Nonpatent Document 1)B. J. Offrein et. al., �Tunable WDM Add/Drop Components in Silicon Oxynitride Waveguide Technology�, 49th Electronic Components & Technology Conference 1999 Proceedings, p. 19-25
(Nonpatent Document 2)Mikami, Uchida, �Development in Optical Surface-Mount Technology�, IEICE (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) Transactions C Vol. J84-C, p. 715-726, 2001
(Nonpatent Document 3)Ishii, Arai, �Wide Tolerance �Optical Bump� Interface for Chip-Level Optical Interconnection�, IEICE (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) Transactions C Vol. J84-C, p. 793-799, 2001
(Nonpatent Document 4)Maruno, �Polymer Optical Waveguide Device�, IEICE (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers) Transactions C Vol. J84-C, p. 1-6, 2001
(Nonpatent Document 5)R. F. Cregan et. al., �Single-Mode Photonic Band Gap Guidance of Light in Air�, Science, Vol. 285, p. 1537-1539, 1999
According to a first aspect of the present invention, provided is an optical transmission substrate including: a first substrate; an optical waveguide , which consists of a core and a clad covering periphery of the core, extends on an upper surface of the first substrate; a second substrate provided parallel to the first substrate so that a lower surface thereof contacts an upper surface of the optical waveguide; a reflection surface which is provided on a cross section of the core at an end of the optical waveguide and reflects light, which travels through the core of the optical waveguide, toward the second substrate; and a light guide which is provided in the second substrate and guides the light, which is reflected toward the second substrate, toward an upper surface of the second substrate from a position closer to the core than an upper surface of the clad.
FIGS. 2( a)-2(c) are first views showing a method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to this embodiment. FIG. 2( a) shows a lower clad layer formation step and FIGS. 2( b) and (c) show a side and an upper surface of the optical transmission substrate 10, respectively, in a reflection part formation step.
FIGS. 3( a)-3(c) are second views showing the method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to this embodiment. FIG. 3( a) shows a state where a photoresist is formed in the reflection part formation step, FIG. 3( b) shows a state where an evaporated metal film 310 is evaporated and FIG. 3( c) shows a state where the evaporated metal film 310 is lifted off.
FIGS. 4( a)-4(c) are third views showing the method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to this embodiment. FIGS. 4( a) and 4(b) show the side and the upper surface of the optical transmission substrate 10, respectively, in a core formation step and FIG. 4( c) shows a metal film formation step.
FIGS. 5( a)-5(c) are fourth views showing the method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to this embodiment. FIG. 5( a) shows an upper clad layer formation step, FIG. 5( b) shows a substrate lamination step and FIG. 5( c) shows an opening formation step.
FIGS. 6( a)-6(b) are fifth views showing the method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to this embodiment. FIG. 6( a) shows a metal film removal step and FIG. 6( b) shows a light guide installation step.
FIGS. 7( a)-7(c) are first views showing a method for manufacturing an optical transmission substrate 10 according to a first modified example of this embodiment. FIG. 7 (a) shows a step of providing a reflection part 150 in the reflection part formation step and FIGS. 7( b) and 7(c) show a step of forming a tilted portion 155.
FIGS. 8( a)-8(d) are second views showing the method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to the first modified example of this embodiment. FIG. 8( a) shows a step of forming a reflection surface 160, FIG. 8( b) shows a step of removing a part of the reflection part 150, FIG. 8( c) shows a step of forming an optical waveguide 130 and FIG. 8( d) shows the metal film formation step and the substrate lamination step.
FIGS. 9( a)-9(d) are third views showing the method for manufacturing the optical transmission substrate 10 according to the first modified example of this embodiment. FIG. 9( a) shows the substrate lamination step, FIG. 9( b) shows the opening formation step, FIG. 9( c) shows the metal film removal step and FIG. 9( d) shows the light guide installation step.
The optical fiber 170 is one example of a light guide according to the present invention. The optical fiber 170 is provided in the second substrate 140 and guides the light, which is reflected toward the second substrate 140 by the reflection surface 160, toward the upper surface of the second substrate 140 from a position closer to the core 110 than the upper surface of the clad 120. The optical fiber 170 according to this embodiment is, for example, a multimode optical fiber such as a graded index optical fiber. The optical fiber 170 has a core part 180 and a clad part 190 and guides the light, which is reflected toward the second substrate 140, toward the upper surface of the second substrate 140 by use of the core part 180. Here, in order to facilitate insertion of the optical fiber 170 into an opening provided in the second substrate 140, it is preferable that the optical fiber 170 has a circular cross section.
Alternatively, a structure, in which the clad 120 b above the core 110 at the end of the optical waveguide 130 is thinner than the clad 120 b above the core 110 in a center portion of the optical waveguide 130, may be adopted. In this case, the optical fiber 170 receives the light, which is reflected toward the second substrate 140, through the thin clad 120 b in a position closer to the core 110 of the optical waveguide 130 than the upper surface of the clad 120 b. Instead of the one described above, the optical fiber 170 maybe a GRIN lens (Graded Index Lens) through which light travels while being condensed in a center portion thereof or may also be a hollow-core optical fiber. Here, in the case of realizing the optical fiber 170 by use of the graded index optical fiber, the GRIN lens or the like, a length of the optical fiber 170 is determined so as to converge light on a light receiving element provided in an upper end of the optical fiber 170. Moreover, in the case of realizing the optical fiber 170 by use of the hollow-core optical fiber, as disclosed in nonpatent document 5, a hole having such a size and a period as to be a forbidden band for light propagated through the optical fiber 170 is provided around a core to be a photonic crystal.
First, the first substrate 100 is prepared. Next, as shown in FIG. 2( a), in a lower clad layer formation step, the lower clad layer of the optical waveguide 130 is formed on the upper surface of the first substrate 100. This lower clad layer is a layer to be the clad 120 a in the optical waveguide 130 of FIG. 1. More specifically, polysilane A to be the clad 120 a of the optical waveguide 130 is applied onto the first substrate 100 by spin coating or curtain coating, pre-baked at 120 □ and calcined at 250□. Thus, the lower clad layer is formed.
Next, as shown in FIG. 8( d), in the metal film formation step, the metal films 400 are formed at the ends of the core 110 in the optical waveguide 130. Thereafter, in the substrate lamination step, the second substrate 140 is laminated on the upper surfaces of the upper clad layer and the reflection part 150. The above-described operations shown in FIG. 7( a) to FIG. 8( d) are repeated and the optical waveguides 130 are provided, respectively, in a plurality of layers of the reflection parts 150 provided in the optical transmission substrate 10. Thus, a multilayer structure for performing multilayer optical interconnect can be formed. In this case, the ends of the optical waveguides 130, which are positioned, respectively, in the plurality of layers of the reflection parts 150 provided in the optical transmission substrate 10, are provided in different positions from each other in the plane of the optical transmission substrate 10. In addition, the ends thereof are arranged so as not to overlap with each other when viewed from the upper surface or the lower surface of the optical transmission substrate 10. Here, as shown in FIG. 9( a), a third substrate 900 and a fourth substrate 910, such as SLC built-up substrates, may be laminated on the lower surface of the first substrate 100 and the upper surface of the second substrate 140, respectively.
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