Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/236/2362955.html
Timestamp: 2020-01-29 07:39:41
Document Index: 261408492

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 29', 'art 29', 'art 29', 'art 29', 'art 29', 'art 29']

Method, device, system and heat exchanger to increase temperature of substance that was initially contained in container in at least partially hardened condition
The present invention relates to a method for increasing the temperature of the substance, which was originally in the container to at least partially cured state, and the container has at least one heat exchanger. In addition, the invention relates to apparatus, system and heat exchanger.
Usually tanks for the storage of substances can be equipped with a spiral heat exchanger, immersed in the substance, or a helical coil wrapped around the tank, for heating of such substances. Heating substances can be produced for different purposes, for example, to weld substance, to change the viscosity of the substance, accelerate the chemical process between the compounds in the substance and so on
The active surface of the heat exchanger is heated at least up to such a temperature as the desired temperature of the substance, i.e. there is a temperature difference. In order to obtain the desired temperature in a short time, the temperature difference is usually increased. However, if the substance or one or more fractions of a substance sensitive to high temperatures, the temperature of the coil should be kept less than or equal to the maximum allowable temperature. For some substances, the maximum temperature may be quite low, and if the tank is to place a large number of the substances, the time for heating substances can be very long. The same problem exists when a substance is cooled. This phenomenon is known also by the example of the snowman. When the snow is compacted into large balls, as is the case for the snowman takes a lot of time, so it melted, compared with the same amount of snow lying loose when it falls on the lawn.
One example of a situation when a temperature change occurs for a long time, is a large amount of vegetable oil in a plastic container. Such plastic containers are known, for example, as soft tank, or equivalent, with capacity from one to many hundreds of liters, as produced for sale companies Trans Ocean Distribution (www.todbulk.com or John S Braid & Co Ltd (www.braidco.com). During transportation, the ambient temperature may be below the melting point of the oil, so the oil gradually hardens. To empty the container, hardened oil should be melted at the destination. So first container is placed on a heating Mat before you fill it with oil. After arrival at the destination endpoint heating Mat must be switched on for several days, for example, from four to five days, depending on the size of the container, before the butter is melted and can be bottled. A long time caused by lane is left turn, a large number of oil and that the temperature of the heating Mat should be limited. The limitation is due to the plastic from which the container, which can only withstand a certain temperature, and more importantly, the quality of vegetable oil will completely deteriorate if it is heated too much. Also the pressure of the heating medium (water or steam) can not be increased further, if the pipe in a heating Mat and fittings are not designed to withstand high loads due to high blood pressure.
In another heating system described in the patent US 2522948, is used for cooling water or some other liquid. The liquid is pumped into the tank through the heat exchanger, consisting of a number of parallel tubes in the casing. After passing through the tube, the cooled fluid flows then from the other, the far open end of the casing inside the tank and mixed with the rest of the liquid. Fluid is pumped from the exhaust holes on the bottom of the tank and circulates until it reaches the desired temperature. Although the heat exchanger can probably also be used for heating, the pump can only operate on liquids, and not on the substance, which was originally partially hardened and not amenable to pumping by the pump. In addition, subjected to heat exchange between the heat exchange fluid and the other aspects of the substance may not be very effective, as the fluid merely circulates around the system, and therefore, the mixing takes place only near the inner edge of the heat exchanger. This leads to large changes in temperature at different locations within the tank and to a greater total cooling time. Also, the system takes a lot of space inside the tank as the fluid and, thereby, the pipe out of the tank at one end and is comprised of approximately with the other. Thus, in the tank requires several connecting elements and openings, as well as access to the main part of the outer surface of the tank, which is not always possible in practice.
In the patent US 6002838 describes the storage tank and unloading liquids heated during unloading. The tank is divided into two branches only with a relatively small hole in the middle and with a heat exchanger placed in the smaller compartment. The liquid is pumped through a heat exchanger and pumped, where part of it is drained out and the residue is then pumped back into the small compartment. As described earlier patent, the liquid recycle to provide heating of the remaining fluid. However, the effect of mixing is not obtained. Moreover, the above method requires a special design of storage tanks with built-in compartments, and therefore, this method does not Ave the manim on standard tanks. Finally, the method cannot solve the problem of heating a substance which is initially in the state, is not amenable to pumping by the pump.
A little bit like the heating device described in patent US 3856078. Here, the heat exchanger is placed in a separate and well-isolated chamber in the lower part of the tank, with only one hole in the rest of the tank. Near the inner edge of the heat exchanger, the pump, which causes the fluid, in particular, heavy oil, can flow along the steam pipe in the heat exchanger and to some extent to circulate in an isolated chamber. Heating is carried out in parallel with the discharging side of the fluid, when a portion of the heated liquid is discharged directly when warms up, and the other part is again in the tank, moving back along the outer surface of the heat exchanger, but still within an isolated chamber. However, this device, like the previous one, is designed to heat not only the tank filled with liquid, but to heat a limited number together with his rake.
One challenge is to obtain a relatively rapid temperature increase of the entire tank is filled with material that was originally in at least partially hardened state. Another challenge in that is, to get a relatively quick temperature rise, even when the allowable limited temperature difference or the maximum allowable temperature.
The following tasks will be understood from further description. Thus, the invention provides a method of raising the temperature of the substance, and the substance is initially at least partially hardened condition, as indicated in paragraph 1 of the claims, and are provided with pumping means for moving a substance, comprising the following steps:
a) providing a heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the substance,
b) moving the substance transfer device to enhance heat transfer between the heat exchanger and the substance,
c) mixing the substance transfer device by moving substances within the container using at least one device type nozzle to increase the flow rate with stirring.
When a substance which is initially in at least partially hardened condition, move according to step b), then in contact with the heat exchanger for heat exchange in accordance with step (a) is not only stagnant substance. Thereby significantly increasing the amount of a substance in contact with the heat exchanger, and the heat transfer is less than what avisit from thermal conductivity of the substance. When the substance is stirred further in accordance with step C), it turns out that the substance after contact with the heat exchanger removed from the heat exchanger and mixed with the rest of the substance, in accordance with what will also be subjected to heat exchange between the heat transfer substance and the rest of the substance, which represents a great improvement compared to the heat exchange only with heat exchanger. In stage C) get that stuff away from the heat exchanger is transferred to the heat exchanger, in accordance with which the heat exchanger may be a short time to exchange heat with the whole matter, which again reduces the dependence on thermal conductivity of the substance. When increasing the flow rate improves the mixing effect, and thereby also the transfer of heat to or from the substance. Having multiple nozzles or devices such as nozzles of different sizes and in different places, mixing can be adjusted so that the mixing of the heated substance with unheated substance could have been received in all parts of the tank, and even in the most remote from the heat exchanger corners. In the simplest case, the nozzle may be holes.
The method may preferably include the connection of the heat exchanger with external power devices to transfer heat to the substance in the container, and a power device and perekachivayuschih the device are coordinated by a control device for regulating the temperature of the substance. Thus the external power device to transfer heat to or from the substance must be equipped only in places where should be the transfer of heat. Through the coordination of the power devices and the pumping device can be obtained softer transporting substance, for example, by adjusting the volume pumped per unit time, compared to the amount of heat transferred to or from the power devices to, for example, to prevent overheating and, in addition, to gain complete control over the temperature range of substances.
The heat exchanger may preferably contain an elongated cylindrical surface and a guiding device for holding the material along a given surface when carrying out step b), and specified a guiding device connected to the pumping device. When the substance is conducted along the surface of the heat exchanger, achieve improved heat transfer between matter and heat exchanger, as the substance can interact with the heat exchanger along the surface, and not limited to a certain limited part of the surface.
A guiding device in the preferred embodiment, may include a casing situated essentially concentrically arranged around the heat exchanger and the casing contains a number the holes, situated in a specific order along the length of the casing to distribute the substance when carrying out step C). Thereby achieve improved heat transfer between matter and heat exchanger, as well as the effect of mixing substances, when it is spread over the holes. Compared to heat transfer to or from a substance, which is in a static state, the effect of the distribution and the resulting blend effect significantly improve the heat transfer to or from the total number of substances. In the case where the method comprises melting the hardened substance, thanks to the guiding device containing casing, mounted essentially concentrically arranged around the heat exchanger, receive that the substance contained in the guiding device may be first melted by heat from the heat exchanger, after which the melted substance is then spread throughout the rest of the substance that remains hardened in accordance with what get direct heat transfer to this part.
External device power can in a preferred execution to include a device for heating water. A device for heating water can usually be bought relatively inexpensively. Water is neutral to the environment, and if the amount of water accidentally occur, will not have done any harm.
Sposobrostey can be used then when the substance is initially in an at least partially cured state, and when the exchange of heat between the heat exchanger and the substance takes place in accordance with step (a) at least until melted a number of substances before you begin the steps b) and c). The method is especially suitable for partially melting the hardened substance.
Application of the method is preferably for melting solidified edible oil or fat. Oil or fat, for example, of vegetable origin, often produce about the place of growth or technological installations in places very remote from where they are used. Therefore they are transported on ships, so they can be on the path of days or weeks, which is sufficient time to cool ambient temperature to a temperature below the melting temperature. To empty the containers, which store such oil or fat, oil or grease should be melted, to allow draining or pumping of the pump.
In addition, since the heat exchanger is located inside the container, the apparatus requires a minimum amount as during transportation of the container, and when the heating process. Thus, the heating method can be used even where space is limited. Yes is it the heat exchanger according to the invention is inserted and mounted on the container in only one place, and therefore have access to the other sides of the container is not needed. It is also very advantageous when the method is applied to the substance, as, for example, an edible oil or fat, originally nalita soft tank placed inside the shipping container for extra stability and durability during transportation. In this case, the access soft tank is limited to only one side of the bag, just inside the drain hole of the container, but if you use the present invention, it will not cause any problems.
In addition, the invention relates to apparatus for increasing the temperature of a substance when the substance is initially in the container to at least partially hardened condition, and said apparatus includes at least one heat exchanger adapted to transfer heat to the substance, when the heat exchanger is installed in the container, and the apparatus contains, in addition, uploaders and guiding device to move the substance in the container, and uploaders and guiding device adapted for mixing substances by the movement of a substance through at least one device type nozzle to increase the velocity and increase the of teploobmena between the heat exchanger and the substance, when a substance moves. When there is a heat exchange between the substance and the heat exchanger in the container and the substance moves through the pumping and guide device for mixing substances in contact with the heat exchanger for exchange of heat is not only stagnant substance, in accordance with which the heat transfer is greatly improved. The amount of a substance in contact with the heat exchanger increases, and the heat transfer is less dependent on thermal conductivity of the substance.
Preferred embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention are subject of the dependent claims 11-13.
In addition, the invention relates to a system that contains a container for storing a substance, a heat exchanger with at least one elongated cylindrical inside surface of the container, and a guiding device for holding substances along the surface of the heat exchanger, and a guiding device includes a casing situated essentially concentrically arranged around the heat exchanger, and is able to accept the flow of the material, and the casing has a number of holes arranged in a specific order along the length of the casing for distributing the flow of a substance when it is present.
Preferred embodiments of the system according to the invention ablauts is the subject of the dependent claims 14-17.
In addition, the invention relates to a heat exchanger containing an elongated and substantially cylindrical section, intended for heat exchange with the substance, and a guiding device containing casing, positioned essentially concentrically arranged around the heat exchanger and adapted for receiving and holding the substance flow from one end of the casing along the section, and the casing has a number of holes arranged in a specific order along the length of the casing for the discharge of the flow of a substance when it is present.
Preferred embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention are subject of the dependent claims 19-23.
Hereinafter the invention is described with reference to the drawings, which illustrate examples of embodiments of the invention.
On figa shows a side view of the heat exchanger according to the invention,
on fig.1b shows the front view of the heat exchanger presented on figa,
figure 2 shows the cross-section Y-Y with fig.1b,
figure 3 shows the cross-section x-X with figa,
figure 4 shows a side view in section of a heat exchanger installed inside the container
on figa shows a top view of the heat exchanger that is installed in the container
on fig.5b shows the detail Z in figa in enhanced format,
figure 6 shows a simplified diagram of the recirculation of the heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger
on IG shows a simplified diagram of the recirculation substances
on Fig shows a cross-section corresponding to figure 2, which shows the flow direction of the heat transfer medium and substances
figure 9 shows one variant of implementation of the heat exchanger according to the invention,
on figa shows one variant of implementation of the heat exchanger according to the invention in side view,
on fig.10b shows the heat exchanger on figa in top view,
on figs shows the heat exchanger on figa as from the end.
The figures shows the number of different pipes, which are presented without welding and brazing, etc. for connection and Assembly of these tubes. However, such connections are common for a specialist, and therefore are omitted for simplification. The relative sizes of the heat exchanger in figure 1-3 and 9-10 is shown as being in the scope.
On figa and 1b depicts a heat exchanger 2, which contains the guiding device which includes a casing 6 with holes 7. The heat exchanger 2, in addition, contains holes 18, 19, 20, 21 and 24. Holes 19 and 20 are adapted for connection to the power supply units to transfer heat to or from the heat exchanger, for example, heated water or steam is returned to the heat exchanger 2 through the holes. To form the inner path in the heat exchanger 2, has a tubular sections 31-33. In addition, the heat exchanger includes an exhaust portion 29 having an aperture 24, which is connected with the hole 18. Release the flanged portion 29 has a cylindrical section 14, adapted for the reception of fasteners.
Figure 2 and 3 shows the heat exchanger 2, containing elongated cylindrical section 4 formed by the pipe 8, with the first end 9 and a second end 10. The pipe 8 is connected to a pipe 32 and from her hole 20. Inside the pipe 8 installed in the second pipe 15, having an open first end 16 located near the closed first end 10. The pipe 15 to the second end 17 is connected to a pipe 33, which passes up into the hole 19. The pipe 8 is concentrically surrounded by a guiding device, which here is a casing 6 formed by a pipe having a number of holes 7, and the holes are preferably facing upwards and sideways. The casing 6 is connected to the pipe 31 and away from the hole 21. The discharge portion 29 is fastened around the casing 6 and has a hole 24. The discharge portion 29 includes, in addition, the connection hole 18.
Figure 4 shows the heat exchanger 2 with the casing 6 and an elongated cylindrical surface 4, and the final part 29 containing cylindrical section 14. The heat exchanger 2 is attached to the wall 25 shown container casing 6 and the surface 4, passing on the length L in the container. The length L is preferably essentially corresponds to the length/depth/width of the container to strengthen the work of the heat exchanger when it is turned on. The heat exchanger 2 is connected with the pipe 23 through nepo is asanoha the coupling element, for example, Straub, which effectively closes any gaps between the pipe 23 and the cylindrical section 14 of the outlet part 29. The pipe 23 is connected to the flanges 27 and 26, which are attached to the wall 25. To attach the pipes 23 are used, the bolts 28. In this way not shown, the hole 24 (see, e.g., figure 2) can take the substance from the container through the pipe 23. On figa and 5b of the heat exchanger 2 is attached through flanges 26 and 27 to the wall 25 of the container 34. The casing 6 and an elongated cylindrical surface 4 are inside the container 34.
Figure 6 shows the heat exchanger 2, is placed, as shown in figa and 5b. The container 34, the casing 6 and an elongated cylindrical surface 4 for simplicity omitted. A heat transfer medium is heated in the boiler 44, for example, running on heavy fuel oil, and the connection 37 is transferred to the hole 20. Holes 19 and 20 are provided with shut-off valves 35 and 36. A heat transfer medium enters through the opening 19 and the connection 38 is transmitted to the transfer pump 42. From pumping pump a heat transfer medium is transferred back to the boiler 44 by connection 39. The surge tank 43 is connected to the connection 38 through the connection 40. Various fittings, valves, etc. that are common for professionals, for simplicity, omitted. The direction of movement of the transfer medium through the heat exchanger can, of course, be the opposite of the one.
7 the substance of the connection 50 is pumped by the centrifugal pump 48 through the opening 21 into the heat exchanger 2. Holes 18 and 21 are equipped with shut-off valves 45 and 46. The temperature sensor 47 monitors the temperature of the substance. The substance out of the container through the opening 18 and is directed to a centrifugal pump 48 via a connection 49. Various fittings, valves, etc. that are common for professionals, also omitted for simplicity.
It should be understood that external objects shown on both 6 and 7 should be connected simultaneously to the operation of the heat exchanger 2. Two separate figures are used only for simplicity. Device to control the boiler 44, pumping by the pump 42 and the centrifugal pump 48 is not shown.
In the following embodiment of the invention for the external system can use additional heat exchanger, before or after pumping device, thereby accelerating the heating process.
On Fig shows the heat exchanger 2, containing elongated cylindrical section 4, formed by a pipe 8 with the first end 9 and a closed second end 10. The pipe 8 is connected to a pipe 32 and from her hole 20. Inside the pipe 8 installed in the second pipe 15, having an open first end 16 located near the closed first end 10. The pipe 8 to the second end 17 is connected to a pipe 33 to ora passes up into the hole 19. A heat transfer medium enters through the hole 20 and passes in the direction of the arrows A. The closed second end 10 of the tube 8 in the direction of the transfer medium is reversed to enter the second pipe 15 at its first open end 16. A heat transfer medium exits through a hole 19 in the direction indicated by the arrow B. the Pipe 8 is concentrically surrounded by a guiding device, which is a casing 6 formed by a pipe having a number of holes 7, and the holes are preferably facing upwards and sideways. The casing 6 is connected to the pipe 31 and away from the hole 21. The substance enters through the hole 21 and passes through the opening 7 in the casing 6, where the substance is expelled from the heat exchanger 2. Direction of the passage indicated by arrows C. Thus, the substance is first gets the opportunity to exchange heat with a heat transfer medium through the surface 4, after which it is expelled through the openings 7 to receive the mixing effect in the material surrounding the heat exchanger. The discharge portion 29 is fastened around the casing 6 and has a hole 24. In addition, the drain part 29 has a connection hole 18. The substance surrounding the heat exchanger can thus be merged in the hole 24 of the holes 18 in the outlet part 29. Holes 7 can be equipped with nozzles to increase the speed of the substance to Wuxi the possible effect of mixing.
Typically, the heat exchanger 2 is placed in a container, such as a soft tank is made essentially of a polymeric material. Shut-off valves installed in the holes 18-21. Then the container is filled is suitable for pumping the substance, preferably through the opening 18, or alternatively through the hole at the top of the container. Entrapped air in the container is produced, for example, through the outlet valve. After filling the container outlet portion 29 and the casing 6 will be filled with substance. Then the container can be sent to storage or transported to another location where the substance may eventually harden to the consistency, not amenable to pumping by the pump. If this happens, then through the pipes 8 and 15 during a certain period of time circulating the heated medium, for example hot water, as described above in connection with Fig. This restores at least in substance in the casing 6 and the drain part 29 viscosity, which is pumping and the circulation of substances resumes. Circulation of the substances described above in connection with Fig. When the substance comes out of the holes 7 in the casing 6, the pressure in the casing is converted into kinetic energy of the fluid. The substance here moves with the speed-dependent pressure added by the pump, and essentially in the radial upravleniyafederaljnogo casing. Therefore subjected to heat a substance can affect the hardened substance, remote from the heat exchanger 2, and thereby to improve the heat transfer. The direction in which the speed with which it is moving the substance is regulated by the position and size of the holes 7. Thus the effect of stirring, as if it was found that the heated substance is mixed with the rest of the substance is not only just around the heat exchanger, but in the entire tank. This greatly improves the heat transfer in comparison with the heat transfer through the stagnant substance. The effect of mixing can be obtained by forming holes 7 as relatively small compared to the dimensions of the tube holes. The hole may also be provided with nozzles for even higher kinetic energy floating substances. After you have obtained the proper viscosity of part or all of the substances, you can remove the desired quantity of substance from the container, for example, by pumping or by using the force of gravity, for example, by tilting the container.
As an alternative to the circulating heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger can be equipped with built-in electric heating element.
Figure 9 shows a variant implementation of the heat exchanger 2 according to the present invention. Ka is in the previous versions of the implementation, the heat exchanger 2 includes an elongated cylindrical section 4, passing inside of the container (not shown), similarly as shown in figa, full length which corresponds to the dimensions of the container. The heating medium passes within an elongated cylindrical section 4, by heating the substance in the casing 6 surrounding the cylindrical section 4. A heating medium, for example, water or steam enters and leaves the heat exchanger through the holes 19, 20. Uploaded substance enters into the casing 6 through the opening 21 and extends from the housing 6 through a series of holes 7, operating as a nozzle, converting the pressure energy of the material inside the casing into kinetic energy. The casing section 6 is shown in the figure to increase. Here the position of the holes 7 can be seen in detail. These holes (which for clarity shows only a few) are located in several places along the length of the casing 6. Position and size of the holes determines the net direction of the floating substances together with his speed. So the holes have to obtain maximum mixing and blending of substances across the container. As the heat exchanger 2, shown in Fig.9, designed to be mounted near the bottom of the container and a little on one side, the holes 7 are located in the upper side of the casing 6. Further, the diameter of the hole 90 is made so that in order to get the most speed roaming substance there, where the distance from the hole to the container wall, the biggest. To further enhance the effect of the nozzle of the holes, the edges of the holes can be laser cut, thus preventing the formation of burrs.
As described above, the substance is extracted from the container through the opening 24 in the outlet part 29, and exits the heat exchanger through the opening 18. In this embodiment, the discharge portion 29 deepened at some distance inside the container and is provided with numerous small holes 91, which can be seen in the expanded view, included in Fig.9. Small holes prevent the collapsing or folding of the discharge portion 29 due to the pressure difference between the substances inside and outside the exhaust part. The heat exchanger 2 is installed on the container, the flanges 26 and 27 by conventional means, such as bolts or the like.
Such an implementation option of the heat exchanger 2 shown in figures 10a-c, side view, top and end, respectively. The substance enters and leaves the heat exchanger in the same way as described with reference to Fig.9. In this embodiment, the heating medium passes through the hole 19 through one pipe 93 connected with the second pipe 94 is essentially parallel to the first, and out through the opening 20. This is best seen on fig.10b. Pipes 93, 94 are held inside the casing 6 by Saigo length. This alternative implementation is beneficial in that it provides high efficiency heating and is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
Example 1 a Steel tank of size 1×1×1 m, 1 m3equipped with a heat exchanger having a structure corresponding to figure 1-3 and 8. The casing 6 is made of steel pipe 83×80 mm (internal diameter of 80 mm and an outer diameter of 83 mm). The pipe 8 is made of steel pipe 63×60 mm, and the pipe 15 is made of steel pipe 32×30 mm Length L is 0.9 m, and a casing 6 provided with two holes 7, facing up, and four holes 7, facing to the side (two on each side), and the hole 7 has a diameter of 10 mm Steel tank fill 800 kg Confao™35 (provider: Aarhus United, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark). Confao™35 is a confectionery fat based on hydrogenated vegetable oils non-lauric origin, with the following typical parameters:
The intermediate melting temperature = 37°C (according to AOCS CC 3-25)
- TRANS-isomers of fatty acids = 43% (according to IUPAC 2.304)
Vegetable oils typically have the following associated with warmth parameters:
Liquid fats: specific heat = 2.1 kJ/(kg·K)
The heat of fusion = 185-210 kJ/kg.
After filling the tank was three days in the storage room having a temperature of 5 degrees Celsius, resulting Mac is on the box. The heated water used as a heat transfer medium circulating in the heat exchanger, as described above with reference to Fig.6. After the hardened oil in the heat exchanger melted starts the movement and circulation of melted butter, which continues until all the butter is not melted and not a homogeneous temperature of the oil.
There were three experiences with the temperature transfer medium (water) 90°C, 75°C and 65°C, respectively. The rate of water flow through the heat exchanger was approximately 1 liter/second. There were four experiences with steam as heat transfer medium, at a pressure of 1.8 bar and a temperature of 131°C. For all four experiments, the oil temperature in the tank was recorded at the beginning and the end. Also record the time.
Temperature End Time
heat transfer The initial replication. the pace. rate*. oil melting point
environment oil [°C] [°C] [watch]
90°C water 11,9 39,5 6,33
75°C water 11,9 38,1 8,33
65°C water 11,9 36,4 10,50
1.8 bar steam the 9.7 36,4 3,33
*Oil temperature at the time when all the butter is melted, which is determined by visual observation.
24000 litre multilayer soft tank disposable from Braid & was placed in a 20'-s ' dry container. Soft tank was equipped with a heat exchanger, as shown in figa. The heat exchanger (see Fig) had a length of 5.3 meters and a diameter of 84 mm, an Outer cylindrical casing had twenty 10-millimeter holes, evenly distributed on both sides and at the top for the distribution of material flow.
Then a soft tank filled to 17.5 metric tons Shokao™94 (Aarhus United Denmark). Shokao™94 is a cocoa butter substitute on the basis of fractional the frame and dehydrogenation non-lauric oils, with a melting point of 32°C. the Fat is polymorphic and behaves like cocoa butter. To cool and crystallize the fat, the container was placed into the open air for six weeks at an average temperature of about 2°C. the heat Exchanger was connected to a heating device, as shown in Fig.6. Pump, item 42, was a Grundfoss pump SR-40, adjusted for the circulation of water at a flow rate of 11 m3/H. Further, the heat exchanger was connected to the circulation device, as shown in Fig.7. Pump, item 48, was a pump KSB Etachrom VS-125/302 adjusted to a flow rate of 15 m3/h Temperature sensors were installed in the water circulation lines and the material being tested. Similarly, one sensor was attached to the top of the bag. All temperatures were recorded simultaneously with 10-minute intervals.
The trial began on 24 February 2004 and the installation procedure was as described in example 1. The results were as follows:
Time, in hours The heating temperature of water, °C The temperature of the circulating oil, °C The temperature at the top of the bag, °C
5 80,4 42,9 7,7
10 80,4 39,3 the 5.7
15 71,0 39,3 4.6
20 77,7 39,3 4,6
25 80,4 39,3 8,4
30 75,0 39,3 14,5
35 72,3 39,3 32,2
40 72,3 39,3 33,3
45 76,3 40,5 34,1
50 72,3 42,9 36,5
In the period from 10 to 40 hours, the melt was in a stationary state, which is indicated by the constant temperature circulating oil. In addition, you can see that the volume of material RASPLAV is camping for the time period from 35 to 40 hours that indicates a temperature equal to or above the melting point of the material at the top of the bag. When considering it was discovered that left a layer of only about 1 cm of solid material at the remote end of the bag.
At the end of the test substance was drained, this soft tank remained approximately 30 kg of substance.
This example is essentially a continuation of example 2, except that the heat exchanger and installation of mixing were optimized and the scheme melted substance was introduced external heat exchanger to enhance heat transfer. In addition, the substance was transported to another continent, to check out the industrial applicability of the idea of the invention applied on the substance of the food quality, which tend to deteriorate during transport.
24000-liter multi-layer disposable soft tank from Braid & was placed in a 20'-s ' dry container. Soft tank was equipped with a heat exchanger and installation of mixing, as shown in figa. The heat exchanger (see figures 9 and 10a-c) had a length of 5.3 meters and a diameter of 76 mm, an Outer cylindrical casing had thirty-five holes that serve as a simple nozzles uniformly distributed along the length of the casing on both sides and the top, to distribute the flow of material. Holes in the casing and the spruce of different diameter and position, to effect complete mixing of the substances (see Fig.9). Then a soft tank filled to 20.5 metric tons Illexao™30-61 (Aarhus United Denmark). Illexao™30-61 represents the equivalent of cocoa butter based on fractionated and dehydrogenation exotic oils, with intermediate melting point 34°C. the Fat is polymorphic and behaves as cocoa butter. After cooling, the container was sent as a normal cargo tank in Brazil. Upon arrival, the container was placed in a room under the roof and the heat exchanger was connected to a heating device, as shown in Fig.6, and in the scheme of circulating molten substance was included external heat exchanger (7).
Heating and melting the substances was carried out with the following parameters:
- The ambient temperature is approximately 20°C (night) and 35°C (day)
The flow rate of the heating water is 12 m3/PM
The flow rate of the circulating molten substances - 15 m3/PM
Temperature sensors were installed in the line for circulating water and melted substance. Similarly, one sensor was installed at the top of the bag. All temperatures were recorded simultaneously with 3-minute intervals. The trial began on January 11, 2005, the start-up procedure was described in example 1. The results were as follows:
Time Temperature* Temperature Temperature
hours heating circulating top soft
water, °C oil, °C tank, °C
22,5 80 57 57
* Step thermostat ±10°C.
In the period from 10 to 20 hours melting was the stationary state, as indicated by the constant temperature circulating oil. In addition, you can see that the amount of material melted in 20 hours, which indicated almost the same temperature circulating substances and the temperature at the top of the bag. After discharging the molten substance was discovered that in the soft tank has less than 25 kg
The results of the analysis carried out before loading and after melting, proved that as a result of all loading and unloading operations as the matter has not suffered. Was noted only minor oxidation or thermal decomposition.
This example is a comparative example based on the method according to the prior art, which is widely used simultaneously with the present invention.
So, 24000 litre multi-layer disposable soft tank was placed in a 20'-s ' dry container on top of the heating Mat, also known as a heating cushion. Then a soft tank was filled with Cebes™30-86 (Aarhus United Denmark). Cebes™30-86 is a cocoa butter substitute based on fractionated and hydrogenated stone palm oil, with intermediate melting point of 35°C. After cooling, the container was sent as a normal cargo tank in Australia.
The closest international and pipe heating pads were connected with the circuit of the heating water. Heating and melting the substances was carried out with the following parameters:
The flow rate of heating water to 2.5 m3/h at differential pressure of 2.3 bar.
- The inlet temperature of the heating water is 85°C.
- Output temperature of heating water to 60°C.
Heating is continued until until all the material has not passed in the liquid state and was not ready for unloading. The following results are the average value based on approximately 240 supply, as described above.
Daily ambient temperature 28°C 15°C
Night temperature environment 15°C 3°C
Time melting in hours 70 90
The results show that this method of treatment of liquid products in large volume, which is solid at ambient temperature, and is inefficient and therefore expensive.
Whenever in the present context, neither mentioned the matter, it should be understood in W the rock sense, as including any material or combination of materials that at least one condition to have such viscosity/consistency that the substance can move known pumping devices.
A non-exhaustive list of such substances include:
- edible oils and fats;
- fatty alcohols;
- polyglycols;
- petroleum jelly;
- solid paraffin;
It should be understood that the invention as it is disclosed in the description and figures can be modified or changed, but will remain within the scope of the invention, as discussed below in the claims.
1. The method of raising the temperature of the substance in the container, where the substance is initially in at least a partially cured state, and the container has at least one heat exchanger and pumping device for moving substances, comprising the following steps:
b) moving the substance transfer device to improve heat transfer between the heat exchanger and the substance,
c) mixing the substance transfer device by moving substances within the container through the at least one device type nozzle d is I increase the speed of passing under stirring.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is connected to external power devices to transfer heat to the substance in the container, with the power device and the transfer device are coordinated by a control device for regulating the temperature of a substance.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchanger includes an elongated cylindrical surface and a guiding device for the passage of material along the surface when carrying out step b), and a guiding device connected to the pumping device.
4. The method according to claim 3, in which the guiding device includes a casing situated essentially concentrically arranged around the heat exchanger and the casing contains a number of holes arranged in a specific order along the length of the casing for distributing substances when carrying out step C).
5. The method according to claim 2, in which the external power device include a device for heating water.
6. The method according to claim 1, in which the substance is initially in an at least partially cured state, and the heat exchange between the heat exchanger and the substance, in accordance with step a) occurs at least up until the material melts before steps b) and c).
7. The method according to claim 1, which is used for melting solidified edible oil or fat.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, in which the heat exchanger is adapted for connection with an external power devices to transfer heat to the substance in the container.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, which contains a control device for controlling the flow of heat transfer medium between the external power devices and heat exchanger.
11. The apparatus of claim 8, in which the container is adapted to transport at least one substance of a great volume, including at least one fluid in a fluid and/or hardened state.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, which is joined in one piece with the container on technologists who eskay installation.
13. System with a container adapted for storing the substance, a heat exchanger with at least one elongated cylindrical inside surface of the container, and a guiding device for holding substances along the surface of the heat exchanger, and a guiding device includes a casing mounted essentially concentrically arranged around the heat exchanger and adapted to receive flow of the material, and the casing has a number of holes arranged in a specific order along the length of the housing, for distributing the flow of a substance when it is present.
14. The system of item 13, in which the heat exchanger is installed on the bottom side of the container.
15. The system of item 13 or 14, in which the heat exchanger is connected to a connecting device for connection to the pumping device for the flow of a substance.
16. The system of item 13, in which the container is adapted to transport at least one substance of a great volume, including at least one fluid in a fluid and/or hardened state.
17. The system of item 13, in which the container is a container made primarily of polymeric material.
18. A heat exchanger containing an elongated and essentially cylindrical section, which is adapted for heat exchange with the substance, and around the heat exchange of the ICA, essentially concentrically mounted guiding device containing a housing designed for receiving and holding the substance flow along the partition and the casing has a number of holes arranged in a specific order along the length of the specified casing, to distribute the flow of the substance when it is present.
19. Heat exchanger according to p, which includes a connecting device adapted for connecting the heat exchanger with a flange or pipe end.
20. Heat exchanger according to p or 19, in which the cylindrical section is a first tube having first and second ends, the second end is closed and the second pipe is situated essentially concentrically within the cylindrical section, and the first end of the second tube is adjacent to the second end of the cylindrical section, and the other end near the first end of the cylindrical section, and a heat transfer medium passes from the second to the first end of the second pipe and then from the second to the first end of the cylindrical section.
21. Heat exchanger according to claim 20, in which the second end of the second pipe is connected to the device for receiving the heat transfer medium, and the first end of the cylindrical section is connected to the return heat transfer medium.
22. Heat exchanger according to p or 19, in which the cylindrical section has two essentially parallel t the UBA, United at their inner ends, with a heat transfer medium passes through the connected pipes.
23. Heat exchanger according to p, which contains at least one hole adapted for release of the substance from the side of the heat exchanger to the outside through the hole, and part of the heat exchanger has a hole adapted to receive the substance, when the heat exchanger is installed in the container that contains this substance.