Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/DE102012015063B4/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-21 18:29:03
Document Index: 569418289

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 5', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 33', 'art 33', 'art 33', 'art 5', 'art 33', 'art 5', 'art 33', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 33', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 33', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 33', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 33', 'art 33']

DE102012015063B4 - Apparatus and method for treating a filtration medium - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for treating a filtration medium
DE102012015063B4
DE102012015063B4 DE102012015063.6A DE102012015063A DE102012015063B4 DE 102012015063 B4 DE102012015063 B4 DE 102012015063B4 DE 102012015063 A DE102012015063 A DE 102012015063A DE 102012015063 B4 DE102012015063 B4 DE 102012015063B4
DE102012015063.6A
DE102012015063A1 (en
Dr. Pflanz Karl
2012-07-31 Application filed by Sartorius Stedim Biotech GmbH filed Critical Sartorius Stedim Biotech GmbH
2012-07-31 Priority to DE102012015063.6A priority Critical patent/DE102012015063B4/en
2014-02-06 Publication of DE102012015063A1 publication Critical patent/DE102012015063A1/en
2014-10-30 Publication of DE102012015063B4 publication Critical patent/DE102012015063B4/en
Device (1) for treating a porous filtration medium (37) having a receiving unit (2) consisting of a receiving part (5) and a bottom part (6), the porous filtration medium (37) being connected to the receiving part (5) by a lower part (33 ) of a filtration device (32) and the receiving part (5) with the porous filtration medium (37) on the bottom part (6) can be placed, and wherein the receiving part (5) with the bottom part (6) is formed latched,
the bottom part (6) has an incubation chamber (17) towards the filtration medium (37) which is connected to an outlet (3) of the bottom part (6) facing away from the receiving part (5),
the incubation space (17) of the bottom part (6) runs conically towards the outlet (3),
the outlet (3) has a projection (24) onto which a collecting vessel (4) containing a solvent (28) for dissolving the porous filtration medium (37) can be detachably placed,
that the collecting vessel (4) to be placed on the bottom part (6) contains, in addition to the solvent (28), grinding balls (29) assisting cell disruption, and
in that the outlet (3) of the base part (6) has an outlet channel (21) which is formed as an elongated slot transversely to the longitudinal axis (22) of the bottom part (6) whose narrow clear width (23) is smaller than the outside diameter of the grinding balls (29).
The invention relates to a device for treating a porous filtration medium with a receiving unit consisting of a receiving part and a bottom receiving unit, wherein the receiving part, the porous filtration medium from a lower part of a filtration device can be received and the receiving part with the porous filtration medium placed on the bottom part, and wherein the Receiving part is formed locked to the bottom part.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for treating a porous filtration medium with a receiving unit consisting of a receiving part and a bottom part of a device,
In which the receiving part is placed on the filtration medium arranged in a lower part of a filtration device and exposed to a liquid sample, wherein a fixing edge arranged in the receiving part is connected to an edge of the filtration medium,
- In which the receiving part is lifted with the associated filtration medium of the lower part and placed on the bottom part, wherein the receiving part and the bottom part are locked together.
Currently, microbiological methods are used for routine investigations, which detect single microorganisms by means of cultivation steps. However, these methods are very time consuming and can take several days to detect contamination of the aqueous medium. Modern and rapid detection methods for microorganisms, such as real-time PCR, antibody assays or analytical microarrays enable rapid detection of microbial contamination. However, to reduce the detection limits for these detection methods, and ideally also to locate a single seed, rapid and effective enrichment steps, which narrow a large sample volume of up to several liters to a few hundred microliters, are previously necessary. The concentrated sample offers better handling with lower reagent consumption and can be processed arbitrarily according to the subsequent detection method.
In the analysis of liquids and gases, various treatment methods have become established, using porous media such as filters and membranes. For example, the filtration process has been established for the accumulation and concentration of dissolved or particulate ingredients. This concentration is usually necessary because the concentrations of impurities are too low to perform direct evaluations. The filtration methods serve as precursors for further analytical methods, such as optical evaluations, as well as for further physical and chemical reactions for signal amplification.
For newer, more sensitive analytical methods, for example the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as their sample preparation, only small sample volumes can be used. In order to be able to filter the typically more than 100 ml sample volumes for concentration, filtration membranes of 47 mm or 25 mm diameter are typically used. Even after the filtration, when the ingredients or particles are concentrated on the filtration membrane, the membrane-bound particles can not be directly supplied to the analytics due to the membrane size. It is necessary to transfer the retained ingredients to a sample volume that ideally should not exceed 1 ml to allow sample preparation for subsequent analysis in standard reaction vessels that fit into desktop centrifuges, which are usually standard equipment in each laboratory.
From the DE 20 2009 016 410 U1 a device for the treatment of a porous filtration medium with a consisting of a receiving part and a bottom part receiving unit is known, with the receiving part, the porous filtration medium from a lower part of a filtration device can be received and the receiving part with the porous filtration medium on the bottom part (lower part) can be placed the receiving part is formed latched to the bottom part.
Although the bottom part has an incubation space above its nutrient medium, it is not connected to an outlet. Incidentally, the correspond from the 5 and 7 known lower parts of the filtration devices, just not the bottom parts to which the receiving part is placed with the recorded from the lower part of the porous filtration medium. The lower parts also have no incubation space but only one the filtration medium upstream to an outlet paragraph, which is filled with a liquid-permeable pad.
A disadvantage of this known device, which has proven itself in principle, is that after filtration, the retained particles or their ingredients from the membrane are no longer to be removed by rinsing in such a way that highly concentrated suspensions arise.
From the WO 2011/057707 A2 For example, an apparatus and a method for treating a porous filtration medium with a receiving unit consisting of a receiving part and a bottom part are known. With the receiving part, the porous filtration medium from a lower part of a filtration device is receivable and the receiving part with the porous filtration medium can be placed on the bottom part, wherein the receiving part and the bottom part are formed reversibly connectable with each other. The known device, which has proven itself in principle, is used to transfer filtered ingredients from a filter (filtration medium) by backwashing in a collecting vessel, which is connected to the receiving part.
A disadvantage is that due to the pore size distribution of most membrane filters numerous particles are not deposited on the surface of the membrane filter, but in deeper layers, so that no quantitatively complete backwashing of the particles is possible. Unspecific adsorption events of the retained particles on the membrane additionally amplify this problem.
From the DE 10 2008 005 968 A1 For example, a nutrient media unit and a method for receiving a filter from a filtration device are known. The Nährmedieneinheit consists of a lid or a receiving part, which forms the actual transfer unit, and a filled with nutrient medium lower part. The upper part formed as a receiving part has a fixing edge, which can be connected to an edge of the filter via an adhesive bond in order to remove the filtration medium from the filtration or treatment device.
From the DE 10 2008 005 968 A1 Furthermore, a method for the microbiological examination of liquid samples is known, in which a cover or receiving part of a nutrient medium unit is placed on a arranged in a lower part of a filter or treatment device, designed as a membrane filter filter with a fixing edge. In this case, the fixing edge of the receiving part is connected via an adhesive layer with an edge of the filter. Subsequently, the receiving part with the filter is lifted off a filter support of the lower part of the filter device and deposited on a surface of a nutrient medium arranged in the lower part of a culture medium unit, the cover or the receiving part covering the shell-shaped lower part.
A disadvantage of the known filtration units and the corresponding methods, which have been proven for classical microbiological membrane applications in which one only removes particles or visually evaluated in the field of microbiology colonies, but is that after filtration, the retained particles or their ingredients of The membrane can no longer be removed by rinsing in such a way that highly concentrated suspensions arise.
Dissolution of a porous filtration medium for the purpose of PCR analysis of the ingredients is known from JP 2012-019723 A , LJ DiMichele (Am Soc Brew Chem., 1993, vol 51, No. 2, pp. 63-66), K. Nakamura (Journal of Aerosol Research, 2003, Vol , P. 177-180) and K. Stärk (Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998, Vol. 64, No. 2, pp. 543-548).
However, the disadvantage of each of these documents is a high risk of contamination, since the filtration medium has to be taken up with tweezers, folded and transferred into a reaction vessel (usually 1.5 to 2 ml vessel). Danger of contamination also exists due to the subsequent addition of the solvent for the membrane in an open system.
Out JP 2012-019723 A It is also known to dissolve cellulosic membranes on which microorganisms are fixed in acetone and to add aqueous buffer solutions to obtain a solution containing the microorganisms.
A disadvantage of this process is that in this process cellulose in the form of fibers is partly precipitated again, the cellulose fibers binding unwanted portions of the microorganisms or of the DNA, thus making the quantitative analysis of the microorganisms more difficult. In order to reduce the unwanted adsorption of microorganisms or DNA on the fibers, certain additives, for. As cetyltrimethylammonium bromide added. But a complete quantitative analysis can not be achieved.
It is also known from LJ DiMichele (Am Soc Brew Chem, 1993, vol 51, No. 2, pp. 63-55) to dissolve polycarbonate membranes to which microorganisms are fixed in a mixture of water and chloroform (200 ul of water and 300 ul chloroform), with the aim of enrichment of the microorganisms in the aqueous phase. After the aqueous phase has been taken up in a new vessel, the microorganisms are pelleted by centrifugation. This is followed by a washing step and then the PCR.
A disadvantage of this method is that microorganisms do not accumulate in practice in the upper aqueous phase. Rather, it comes to the sedimentation of the microorganisms in the organic phase (lower phase) or in the boundary layer, so that with this method no complete recovery of the microorganisms can be achieved. Furthermore, the described method does not contain a lysing step in order to digest the microorganisms, so that it must be assumed that numerous intact cells are used for the PCR and thus the amplification for the majority of the DNA is not possible.
It is further known from K. Stark (Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998, Vol. 64, No. 2, pp. 543-548) to dissolve polyethersulfone membranes to which microorganisms are fixed in chloroform. Subsequently, the addition of TE buffer and a ten-minute extraction of the DNA in the aqueous phase with shaking at room temperature. The aqueous solution should then be subjected to an alcoholic DNA precipitation before the evaluation is carried out by means of PCR.
A disadvantage of this method is that only a small proportion of the DNA can be extracted into the aqueous phase, since previously no lysis step has taken place to unlock the microorganisms and thus make the DNA freely accessible. Using this method, it is rather the sedimentation of the still intact microorganisms in the lower organic phase or in the boundary layer between the organic and aqueous phase.
It is also known from K. Sen (Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2007, vol. 73, No. 22, pp. 7380-7387) to fold the filtration medium with tweezers and transfer it into a reaction vessel. This is not followed by a disintegration step of the membrane, but merely a rinsing step with, for example, a commercial lysis buffer or mechanical stress on the membrane by vortexing in the presence of grinding balls, which serves for cell disruption. K. Sen uses various commercial DNA isolation kits.
A disadvantage of the described method is not only the increased risk of contamination by folding and transferring the membrane by means of tweezers, but also that a complete rinsing of the microorganisms from the membrane is not possible because microorganisms are often deposited in deeper layers of the membrane and In addition to unspecific adsorption, it may also come to the membrane such that a superficial rinse step is not effective. To make matters worse, that in a small collapsed membrane in a reaction vessel targeted reverse flushing of the membrane can not be done, only an undirected mixing or vortexing of membrane and rinse solution can be achieved.
From the WO 2012/031156 A1 For example, a filtration device is known that allows contamination-free operation by leaving the filtration medium (13 mm diameter of filtration area) in the sealable device and disrupting cells directly on the membrane using grinding balls and vortexing. The free DNA passes through the membrane in a subsequent filtration step.
A disadvantage of this method is that no quantitatively complete cell disruption is possible, since usually a large part of the microorganisms penetrates into deeper membrane layers and thus shielded from the grinding balls. Furthermore, this buffer effect has a negative influence on the degree of digestion of the microorganisms, since a large part of the shocks is absorbed by the membrane. Also, the subsequent filtration step of the DNA through the membrane will not be complete, as DNA tends to undergo non-specific binding, in this case to the membrane. Furthermore, the diameter of the filtration area is limited to 13 mm in this device, due to the compatibility with common centrifuge models and adapters. However, this small diameter of the filtration medium leads to significantly longer filtration times with larger sample volumes.
The EP 2 402 456 A1 there is disclosed a method for the analysis of microorganisms in water samples, in which a microorganism containing by means of a first syringe into a sample of water with a Minisar ® -Spritzenvorsatzfilter Celluloseestermembran for retention of microorganisms injected. After removal of the syringe, one end of the syringe filter is connected to a collection vessel, while the second end of the syringe filter is connected to a second, with a polar aprotic solvent, such as DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), filled syringe is connected. DMSO is injected into the syringe barrel filter until the point of pressure is reached to dissolve the membrane with the retained microorganisms and trap the solution in the trap. Centrifugation of the solution in the receiver is followed by cell lysis and further microbiological analysis such as PCR.
A disadvantage of the EP 2 402 465 A1 Known methods are successively handling two different syringes, one containing the water sample and the other the solvent for the cellulose ester membrane, and the fact that when injecting DMSO into the syringe filter, the injection pressure will not be too high, ie below the pressure point so that the syringe filter is not damaged.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method in which it is possible to transfer a porous filtration medium including retained microorganisms contamination-free, easy and safe into a collecting vessel to quantitatively complete the sample for DNA extraction and molecular biological To make analysis methods accessible.
The object concerning the device is achieved in connection with the preamble of claim 1 in that the bottom part has an incubation space towards the filtration medium which is connected to an outlet of the bottom part facing away from the receiving part such that the incubation space of the bottom part runs conically towards the outlet, in that the outlet has an attachment to which a collecting vessel containing a solvent for dissolving the porous filtration medium is detachably attachable, that the collecting vessel to be staked on the bottom part contains, in addition to the solvent, grinding balls supporting cell disintegration, and in that the outlet of the bottom part has an outlet channel is formed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the bottom part as an elongated slot whose narrow clear width is smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding balls.
The arrangement of the incubation space in the bottom part and the connection via the outlet to the collecting vessel with the solvent, it is possible to transfer the porous filtration medium including retained microorganisms contamination-free, easy and safe in the receptacle to quantitatively complete the sample for a DNA extraction and make molecular biological analysis methods accessible. The conical shape guarantees that, despite the centrifugation angle of a solid rotor centrifuge, there is no dead volume in the incubation chamber of the receiving unit, which could lead to residual fluid. Without the conical shape, due to the centrifugal force, depending on the centrifuge model, residual liquid would remain laterally in the bottom part of the receiving unit.
Characterized in that the outlet of the bottom part has an outlet channel which is formed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the bottom part as an elongated slot and the narrow clear width is smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding balls, it is ensured that the grinding balls do not penetrate into the incubation chamber and remain in the collecting vessel ,
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the solvent for dissolving the filtration medium is an organic solvent, preferably chloroform or methylene chloride.
The collecting vessel is closed at its open end by a lid liquid-tight. For this purpose, the collecting vessel, for example, at its open end on an external thread with which the lid can be screwed.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, an inner wall of the receiving part can be positioned outside a usable for hurried filtration surface of the filtration medium and arranged in the receiving part Fixierrand is positioned on an edge of the filtration medium, and the fixing edge of the receiving part is connected to the edge of the filtration medium via a Adhesive adhesion connectable. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, a fixing edge of the receiving part is connectable by a mechanical clamping connection with a corresponding annular clamping part at the edge of the filtration medium. Thus, the receiving part can be easily connect to the filtration medium and receiving part and filtration medium can be easily and without contamination put on the bottom part. The filtration medium is preferably formed from polycarbonate or polyethersulfone.
The receiving unit can be mounted in a centrifuge adapter with the collecting vessel arranged in the vertical direction at the bottom and can be centrifuged with the centrifuge adapter in a centrifuge, wherein the filtration medium dissolved in the solvent, including retained microorganisms, can be completely transferred into the collecting vessel.
The object concerning the method is solved in connection with the preamble of claim 7, characterized in that a collecting vessel containing a solvent for dissolving the porous filtration medium and the cell disruption is detachably connected to an outlet arranged on the bottom part, and in that the receiving unit with the collecting vessel is shaken upside down, wherein the solvent is supplied via the outlet of the bottom part of the filtration medium and the filtration medium dissolves, and that the receiving unit with the vertically arranged bottom collecting vessel in a centrifuge adapter and centrifuged in a centrifuge, wherein in the solvent dissolved filtration medium including retained microorganisms is completely transferred to the collection vessel.
The filtration medium can be easily removed with the receiving part of the receiving unit of a lower part of a filtration device and placed on the bottom part. After removing a lid from the collecting vessel with solvent, the collecting vessel can be easily and without contamination plugged onto an outlet of the bottom part. By gently shaking the upside down recording unit, the solvent is supplied to the incubation room and the filtration medium dissolved within a few seconds and then transferred to the collecting vessel. Although an increased pressure due to the partially evaporating organic solvent arises in the incubation of the receiving unit, the receiving part and the bottom part remain connected to each other due to their latching.
Subsequently, the collecting vessel is removed from the receiving unit and closed with a lid.
The dissolved filtration medium with the retained particles provides a good starting point for further sample preparation, eg. As a DNA extraction, and for various analytical methods, such as PCR.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the sealed collecting vessel is processed in a homogenizer, wherein a cell disruption of the microorganisms is made possible by means of the grinding balls.
The device for treating the filtration medium can be delivered sterile packed.
Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example.
1 FIG. 2 is a side view in section of a receiving part of a device for treating a porous filtration medium. FIG.
2 FIG. 4 is a side view in section of a bottom part of a device for treating a porous filtration medium. FIG.
3 : a bottom view of the bottom part of 2 .
4 FIG. 2: a side view in section of a receiving unit with a porous filtration medium accommodated, the receiving part and base part of which are latched together, and attached collecting container with solvent and grinding balls, FIG.
5 : an enlarged view of the detail V (locking) of 4 .
6 : an enlarged view of a further latching according to the detail V of 4 .
7 FIG. 2: a side view in section of a further receiving unit with accommodated porous filtration medium, whose receiving part and bottom part are locked together, and attached collecting container with solvent and grinding balls, FIG.
8th : A side view in section of the centrifuge adapter of 10 cut along the line VIII-VIII,
9 : a side view of the centrifuge adapter of 10 from direction IX,
10 : a top view of the centrifuge adapter the 8th and 9 and
11 FIG. 2: a side sectional view of a prior art filtration device with filtration media disposed on a base. FIG.
A device 1 consists essentially of a recording unit 2 with an outlet 3 and a collecting vessel 4 ,
The recording unit 2 is formed in two parts and consists of a receiving part 5 and a bottom part 6 ,
The recording part 5 forms a circumferential contour with an outer wall 7 and a parallel inner wall 8th , The recording part 5 is vertically upwards from a ceiling wall 9 completed. The ceiling wall 9 points to her the bottom part 5 facing receiving part inner surface 10 the inner wall 8th on whose free end with its end face a fixing edge 11 forms. In the embodiments, the fixing edge 11 an adhesive layer 12 made of a suitable adhesive.
The adhesive layer 12 is formed for example of a PSA dispersion adhesive or of acrylate copolymer microspheres. Suitable adhesives are adhesives which are based on organic solvents and are soluble in the organic solvent which are used in the course of the dissolution process of a filtration medium. Furthermore, the adhesives must show a permanent adhesive force (from production of the device to use at the user). The adhesive should be sterilizable by means of ETO (ethylene oxide). In addition, adhesives are used which show no unspecific reactions or signals with reagents and reaction methods used in the subsequent analysis. In particular, the adhesive is preferably DNA-free and has no substances that interfere with the subsequent analysis by staining, fluorescence or chemical reaction.
The outer wall 7 has an inner outer wall surface 13 with a circumferential bead 14 on.
The bottom part 6 has a circumferential outer wall 15 with an outer surface 16 on that with the inner wall 13 of the receiving part 5 corresponds, ie cooperates. To the recording part 5 towards the bottom part 6 a triohter-shaped incubation room 17 with a conical discharge surface 18 on the opposite to a horizontal with one to the outlet 3 sloping angle 20 is inclined by, for example, 25 °. The outlet 3 has an outlet channel 21 on, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis 22 of the bottom part 6 as an elongated slot with a narrow clear width 23 is trained.
The outer surface of the outlet 3 forms a slightly conical heel 24 on which the collecting vessel 4 is releasably attachable. At its open end 26 has the collecting vessel 4 an external thread 27 is and with a lid, not shown, with internal thread by screwing tightly closed. In the collecting vessel 4 are a solvent 28 and grinding balls 29 submitted.
The bottom part 6 indicates on its outer surface 16 a circumferential annular recess 30 on that with the bead 14 of the receiving part 5 corresponds and a catch 31 forms (s. 4 . 5 . 7 ). The locking 31 can also be appropriate 6 be formed irreversible.
A known per se (for example, from the WO 2011/057707 A2 ) Filtration device 32 corresponding 11 consists of a lower part 33 with a receiving heel 34 on which a funnel-shaped attachment 35 can be placed. Between the tower 35 and a filter support surface 36 of the lower part 33 is a preferred disc-shaped filtration medium 37 , which is formed for example as a porous filter membrane arranged.
After a filtration process, the essay 35 from the lower part 33 be removed and the receiving part 5 the device according to the invention 1 may instead of the essay 35 the known device on the lower part 33 be put on. This is the receiving part 5 with its fixing edge 11 on one edge 38 the disc-shaped filtration medium 37 put on so that the disc-shaped filtration medium 37 at the adhesive layer 12 of the fixation margin 11 sticks and from the bottom part 33 can be included.
The device 1 can with the collecting vessel 4 in a centrifuge adapter 39 can be used, which has a correspondingly adapted recess 40 having.
For the treatment of the porous filtration medium 37 with the from the receiving part 5 and the bottom part 6 existing recording unit 2 the device 1 The following steps are performed:
- the recording part 5 gets on that in the bottom part 33 the filtration device 32 arranged and exposed to a liquid sample filtration medium 37 put on, one in the receiving part 5 arranged fixing edge 11 with a border 38 of the filtration medium 37 is connected
- the recording part 5 with the associated filtration medium 37 is from the lower part 33 lifted off and on the bottom part 6 put on, with the receiving part 5 and the bottom part 6 with each other about the locking 31 . 31 ' be locked,
- a solvent 28 for dissolving the porous filtration medium 37 and grinding balls 29 containing collecting vessel 4 will be with the bottom part 6 arranged outlet 3 releasably connected,
- the recording unit 2 with the collecting vessel 4 is gently shaken upside down with the solvent 28 over the outlet 3 of the bottom part 6 the filtration medium 37 and the Filtratiousmedium 37 dissolves.
After that, the following steps can be performed:
- the recording unit 2 with the collecting vessel arranged in the vertical direction at the bottom 4 is in the centrifuge adapter 39 attached and centrifuged in a centrifuge, which is in the solvent 28 dissolved filtration medium 37 including retained microorganisms completely into the collecting vessel 4 is transferred
- the collecting vessel 4 is from the recording unit 2 removed and closed with a lid by screwing,
- the closed collecting vessel 4 is processed in a homogenizer, wherein a cell disruption of the microorganisms using the grinding balls 29 is possible.
Determination of sensitivity for the detection of Bacillus subtilis using the device 1 including collecting vessel 4 ,
A dilution series was incubated in 0.9% NacI solution of exponential phase Bacillus subtilis culturing in duplicate after filtration on Sartorius nutrient agar (47 mm cellulose nitrate membrane with 0.45 μm pore diameter, count of colonies after 24 h) and in parallel per dilution step, a sample was processed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises the following process steps:
1. Membrane filtration of an aqueous sample (47 mm membrane diameter, track-etched "polycarbonate membrane, 0.4 μm pore diameter, 6 to 11 μm membrane thickness) using a lower part 33 (ideally plastic, ETO-sterile) as in 11 shown.
2. Removal of the attachment 35 and receiving the membrane filter / filtration medium 37 using the adhesive bond on the fixing edge 11 from the receiving part 5 (polypropylene, ETO-sterile).
3. Connect the receiving part 5 and bottom part 6 the recording unit 2 by means of locking 31 ,
4. Collection vessel 4 (made of polypropylene, ETO-sterile) with attached screw cap with a capacity of 2 ml contains 15 steel balls / grinding balls 29 (3 mm diameter) and 750 μl chloroform ("Molecular Biology Grade", especially DNA and DNase free). After opening the collecting vessel 4 this is at the outlet 3 of the bottom part 6 to attach via a plug connection (downwardly tapered approach 24 will be in the open 26 of the collecting vessel 4 plugged in).
5. The recording unit 2 with collecting vessel 4 shake lightly upside down to completely remove the chloroform from the collection vessel 4 in the receiving unit 2 to convict. Subsequently, the recording unit 2 with the collecting vessel 4 slightly tilted upside down for a few seconds to completely dissolve the membrane filter / filtration medium 37 to ensure.
6. The recording unit 2 with attached collecting vessel 4 becomes upright (receiving part 5 points upwards, collecting vessel 4 points down) into the special centrifuge adapter 39 transferred. This is a swing-out centrifuge adapter to provide quantitatively complete transfer of the dissolved membrane / filtration medium 37 including the through the membrane 37 retained particles and the solvent 28 to ensure. Furthermore, the centrifuge adapter 39 designed such that a drop / release of the collecting vessel 4 is inhibited during the centrifugation step. The centrifuge adapter 39 is mounted in a suitable centrifuge and followed by a one-minute centrifugation at least 3,000 × g to the membrane dissolved in the chloroform 37 including retained microorganisms completely into the collecting vessel 4 with the grinding balls 29 made of steel.
7. The collecting vessel 4 is from the recording unit 2 removed and firmly closed with the attached screw cap.
8. To unlock the microorganisms and make their DNA accessible, the collecting vessel 4 2 min at 6.5 m / s in the homogenizer "FastPrep-24 Instrument" (MP Biomedicals) processed (Alternatively, other homogenizers with comparable performance can be used).
9. The collecting vessel 4 is removed from the homogenizer and 500 μl of 1 × TE buffer (Tris-EDTA) with 0.01% SDS (sodium doecyl sulfate) is added. ("Molecular Biology Grade").
10. This is followed by a 10 minute extraction (extract DNA from organic into aqueous phase) at room temperature. For this purpose, the collecting vessel 4 either horizontally on a vortexer or horizontally on a thermomixer at 750 rpm.
11. Into the opening of the collecting vessel 4 Apply a spatula tip of DNA- and DNase-free silicone paste (eg Phase Lock Gel from 5 Prime or GE Bayer Silicones, highly viscous).
12. The collecting vessel 4 Centrifuge at 16,000 x g for 3 min.
13. Three phases have separated due to the different densities. The upper aqueous phase including DNA, the middle silicone gel phase as a barrier layer and the lower organic phase. The upper aqueous phase is completely pipetted into a new, empty receptacle 4 transferred. (a 1.5 ml reaction vessel is sufficient).
14. Add 600 μl of isopropanol ("Molecular Biology Grade") and 2 μl of glycogen as DNA carrier ("Molecular Biology Grade") and 50 times the reaction tube 4 invert.
15. The reaction vessel 4 Centrifuge for 3 min at 16,000 x g, leaving a small white DNA glycogen pellet at the bottom of the reaction vessel 4 arises.
16. Discard isopropanol, the DNA glycogen pellet remains in the reaction vessel 4 ,
17. Pipette 600 μL of 70% ethanol into the DNA glycogen pellet and the reaction tube 4 Invert 20 times.
18. The reaction vessel 4 Centrifuge for 1 min at 16,000 x g.
19. Discard 70% ethanol (remove with pipette), the DNA glycogen pellet remains in the reaction vessel 4 ,
20. The DNA glycogen pellet in the open reaction tube 25 either 10 minutes at 37 ° C in a sealed thermoblock or 15 to 20 minutes under the sterile workbench.
21. Pellet in 50 to 100 .mu.l Rehydration buffer (10 mM Tris, 1 mM EDTA, pH 7-8, DNA and DNase-free) for 1 h at 65 ° C in a thermoblock (in a closed reaction vessel).
22. Analysis / detection with quantitative real-time PCR, z. B. with universal or specific bacterial primers.
Reaction Conditions Example 1
25 μL PCR reaction volume (12.5 μL of "MAXIMA SYBR Green qPCR Master Mix" from Fermentas, 10 nM ROX,
0.3 μM forward primer SEQ 1 5'-AAGTCGAGCGGACAGATGG-3 ',
0.3 μM reverse primer SEQ 2 5'-TGCGGTTCAAACAACCATCCG-3 ',
10 μl of DNA (obtained according to a preferred embodiment of the invention),
make up to 25 μl with water ("PCR grade").
Temperature profile: 10 min 95 ° C; 40 cycles with 15 seconds 95 ° C, 30 seconds 60 ° C, 30 seconds 72 ° C
(Fluorescence detection at 72 ° C); Melting curve with 1 min at 95 ° C, 30 sec at 55 ° C, temperature ramp up to 95 ° C with fluorescence measurement, 30 sec 95 ° C. Results of Embodiment 1: Table: Ct values ("Cycle Threshold", threshold cycle) and melting points of Embodiment 1 sample name Cycle Threshold Melting temperature of the amplicon [° C] 2 × 10 2 CFU / ml * 34.22 83,80 2 × 10 2 CFU / ml * 34.37 83,80 2 × 10 3 CFU / ml * 33.48 83,80 2 × 10 3 CFU / ml * 33,90 83,80 2 × 10 4 CFU / ml * 32.18 83,80 2 × 10 4 CFU / ml * 32,21 83,80 2 × 10 5 CFU / ml * 29.05 83,80 2 × 10 5 CFU / ml * 28.91 83,80 PCR negative control No Ct 69.38 PCR negative control No Ct 69.38 PCR negative control No Ct 69.38
* CFU concentrations determined by plating (CFU = colony-forming unit).
Figure 3. Curves of the B. subtilis processed according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. Samples: rhombs (2 x 10 5 CFU / ml), triangles (2 x 10 4 CFU / ml), squares (2 x 10 3 CFU / ml), circles (2 x 10 2 CFU / ml), stars (0 CFU / ml, negative extraction controls). Using the preferred embodiment of the invention, Bacillus subtilis can be detected at a sensitivity of 2 × 10 2 CFU / ml in an arbitrarily large sample volume (using the primers with the sequences SEQ 1 and SEQ 2).
Invention with preferred embodiment vs. Prior art (LJ DiMichele, Am. Soc. Brew Chem., 1993, vol. 51 No. 2, pp. 63-66 and K. Stärk, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1998, vol. 64, No. 2, Pp. 543-548; Further treatment of the dissolved filtration medium 37 without cell lysis step). Sensitivity comparison for the detection of B. subtilis spores using the devices 1 including collecting vessel 4 and filtration device 32 ,
Two membrane filters / filtration medium 37 were processed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention (ie cell disruption using grinding balls 29 in a homogenizer). Two membrane filters / filtration medium 37 were processed according to this preferred embodiment of the invention, but without cell lysis step (corresponds to the state of the art after K. Stärk and LJ DiMichele). Two membrane filters / filtration medium 37 were processed as extraction negative controls according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, but without exposure to microorganisms. Each membrane filter / filtration medium 37 10 6 B. subtilis spores were applied or the two extraction negative controls were brought into contact only with sterile water (PCR cracks). The six samples were processed analogously as described in Example 1 according to the preferred embodiment of the invention (steps 1 to 22). In the samples according to the prior art (after K. Stärk and LJ DiMichele) were collecting vessels 4 without grinding balls 29 used and the cell lysis step in the homogenizer was omitted. Results of Embodiment 2: Table: Ct Values and Melting Points of Embodiment 2 sample name Cycle Threshold Melting temperature of the amplicon [° C] PCR negative control No Ct 56.92 PCR negative control No Ct 56.91 Extraction negative control No Ct 56.91 Extraction negative control No Ct 56.46 State of the art 33.23 83.97 State of the art 33.55 83.97 Invention (preferred embodiment) 29.96 83.97 Invention (preferred embodiment) 29.86 83.97
Figure: Curves of the B. sibtilis spore samples processed according to the preferred embodiment of the invention compared to the prior art: rhombi (preferred embodiment), triangles (prior art), squares (PCR negative controls and negative extraction controls).
Example 2 shows that in the preferred embodiment, the invention is superior to the current state of the art in that a sensitivity increase of more than 3 Ct units could be achieved, which is a factor of about ten genome units / B. subtilis saving corresponds.
Outlet of 2
Recording part of 2
Bottom part of 2
Outer wall of 5
Inner wall of 5
Receiving portion inner surface
inner outer wall surface
Bead of 5
Outer wall of 6
Outer surface of 15
Langsachse of 6
clear width of 21
Sales of 19
open end of 25
External thread of 25
Deepening of 6
Lower part of 32
Reception set of 33
Filter support surface
Edge of 37
Contraption ( 1 ) for the treatment of a porous filtration medium ( 37 ) with one of a receiving part ( 5 ) and a bottom part ( 6 ) existing recording unit ( 2 ), wherein with the receiving part ( 5 ) the porous filtration medium ( 37 ) of a lower part ( 33 ) a filtration device ( 32 ) and the receiving part ( 5 ) with the porous filtration medium ( 37 ) on the bottom part ( 6 ) is placed, and wherein the receiving part ( 5 ) with the bottom part ( 6 ) is latchable formed, characterized in that the bottom part ( 6 ) to the filtration medium ( 37 ) an incubation room ( 17 ), which is connected to a receiving part ( 5 ) facing away from the outlet ( 3 ) of the bottom part ( 6 ), that the incubation room ( 17 ) of the floor part ( 6 ) to the outlet ( 3 ) conical, that the outlet ( 3 ) an approach ( 24 ), to which a solvent ( 28 ) for dissolving the porous filtration medium ( 37 ) containing collecting vessel ( 4 ) releasably attachable is that on the bottom part ( 6 ) to be stowed collecting vessel ( 4 ) next to the solvent ( 28 ) the cell disruption supporting Mahlkugeln ( 29 ) and that the outlet ( 3 ) of the bottom part ( 6 ) an outlet channel ( 21 ) which is transverse to the longitudinal axis ( 22 ) of the bottom part ( 6 ) is formed as an elongated slot whose narrow clear width ( 23 ) is smaller than the outer diameter of the grinding balls ( 29 ).
Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent ( 28 ) for dissolving the filtration medium ( 37 ) is an organic solvent.
Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solvent ( 28 ) Is chloroform or methylene chloride.
Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the collecting vessel ( 4 ) at its open end ( 26 ) is liquid-tightly closed by a lid.
Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an inner wall ( 8th ) of the receiving part ( 5 ) outside of an area of the filtration medium usable for filtration ( 37 ) is positionable and a in the receiving part ( 5 ) arranged fixing edge ( 11 ) on a border ( 38 ) of the filtration medium ( 37 ) is positionable, and that the fixing edge ( 11 ) of the receiving part ( 5 ) with the edge ( 38 ) of the filtration medium ( 37 ) is connectable via an adhesive bond.
Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the filtration medium ( 37 ) is formed of polycarbonate or polyethersulfone.
Process for the treatment of a porous filtration medium ( 37 ) with one of a receiving part ( 5 ) and a bottom part ( 6 ) existing recording unit ( 2 ) of a device 1 In which the receiving part ( 5 ) on the in a lower part ( 33 ) a filtration device ( 32 ) and exposed to a liquid sample filtration medium ( 37 ) is placed, wherein a in the receiving part ( 5 ) arranged fixing edge ( 11 ) with a border ( 38 ) of the filtration medium ( 37 ), - in which the receiving part ( 5 ) with the associated filtration medium ( 37 ) of the lower part ( 33 ) and on the bottom part ( 6 ), wherein the receiving part ( 5 ) and the bottom part ( 6 ) are latched together, characterized that one is a solvent ( 28 ) for dissolving the porous filtration medium ( 37 ) and the cell disruption supporting Mahlkugeln ( 29 ) containing collecting vessel ( 4 ) with a at the bottom part ( 6 ) arranged outlet ( 3 ) Releasably connected, and that the receiving unit ( 2 ) with the collecting vessel ( 4 ) is shaken upside down, the solvent ( 28 ) over the outlet ( 3 ) of the bottom part ( 6 ) the filtration medium ( 37 ) and the filtration medium ( 37 ) and that the recording unit ( 2 ) with the vertically arranged below collecting vessel ( 4 ) in a centrifuge adapter ( 39 ) and centrifuged in a centrifuge, the 28 ) dissolved filtration medium ( 37 ) including retained microorganisms completely into the collecting vessel ( 4 ) is transferred.
Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the collecting vessel ( 4 ) from the receiving unit ( 2 ) and closed with a lid.
A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the sealed collecting vessel ( 4 ) is processed in a homogenizer, wherein a cell disruption of the microorganisms using the grinding balls ( 29 ).
DE102012015063.6A 2012-07-31 2012-07-31 Apparatus and method for treating a filtration medium Active DE102012015063B4 (en)
DE102012015063.6A DE102012015063B4 (en) 2012-07-31 2012-07-31 Apparatus and method for treating a filtration medium
PCT/EP2013/001691 WO2014019634A1 (en) 2012-07-31 2013-06-10 Device and method for treating a filtration medium
US14/418,638 US9790462B2 (en) 2012-07-31 2013-06-10 Device and method for treating a filtration medium
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