Source: http://delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c009/sc05/
Timestamp: 2019-03-23 01:29:33
Document Index: 444447896

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 5', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 2', '§ 15', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 62', '§ 16', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 63', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 17', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 64', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 18', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 19', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9605', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9605', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9605', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9605', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 65', '§ 3', '§ 20', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 23', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 24', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 9', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 9']

TITLE 6 - ARTICLE 9. SECURED TRANSACTIONS - Part 5. Filing
§ 9-501 § 9-502 § 9-503 § 9-504 § 9-504A § 9-505 § 9-506 § 9-507 § 9-508 § 9-509 § 9-510 § 9-511 § 9-512 § 9-513 § 9-514 § 9-515 § 9-516 § 9-517 § 9-518 § 9-519 § 9-520 § 9-521 § 9-522 § 9-523 § 9-524 § 9-525 § 9-526
1.Filing Office; Contents and Effectiveness of Financing Statement
§ 9-501 Filing office.
(a) Filing offices. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), if the local law of this State governs perfection of a security interest or agricultural lien, the office in which to file a financing statement to perfect the security interest or agricultural lien is:
(1) the office designated for the filing or recording of a record of a mortgage on the related real property, if:
(A) the collateral is as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut; or
(B) the financing statement is filed as a fixture filing and the collateral is goods that are or are to become fixtures; or
(2) the office of the Secretary of State, in all other cases, including a case in which the collateral is goods that are or are to become fixtures and the financing statement is not filed as a fixture filing.
(b) Filing office for transmitting utilities. — The office in which to file a financing statement to perfect a security interest in collateral, including fixtures, of a transmitting utility is the office of the Secretary of State. The financing statement also constitutes a fixture filing as to the collateral indicated in the financing statement which is or is to become fixtures.
§ 9-502 Contents of financing statement; record of mortgage as financing statement; time of filing financing statement.
(a) Sufficiency of financing statement. — Subject to subsection (b), a financing statement is sufficient only if it:
(1) provides the name of the debtor;
(2) provides the name of the secured party or a representative of the secured party; and
(3) indicates the collateral covered by the financing statement.
(b) Real property-related financing statements. — Except as otherwise provided in Section 9-501(b), to be sufficient, a financing statement that covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, or which is filed as a fixture filing and covers goods that are or are to become fixtures, must satisfy subsection (a) and also:
(1) indicate that it covers this type of collateral;
(2) indicate that it is to be filed in the real property records;
(3) provide a description of the real property to which the collateral is related sufficient to give constructive notice of a mortgage under the law of this State if the description were contained in a record of the mortgage of the real property; and
(4) if the debtor does not have an interest of record in the real property, provide the name of a record owner.
(c) Record of mortgage as financing statement. — A record of a mortgage is effective, from the date of recording, as a financing statement filed as a fixture filing or as a financing statement covering as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut only if:
(1) the record indicates the goods or accounts that it covers;
(2) the goods are or are to become fixtures related to the real property described in the record or the collateral is related to the real property described in the record and is as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut;
(3) the record satisfies the requirements for a financing statement in this section, but the record need not indicate that it is to be filed in the real property records; and
(4) the record is duly recorded.
(d) Filing before security agreement or attachment. — A financing statement may be filed before a security agreement is made or a security interest otherwise attaches.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 75 Del. Laws, c. 66, § 2; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, § 15.;
§ 9-503 Name of debtor and secured party.
(a) Sufficiency of debtor's name. — A financing statement sufficiently provides the name of the debtor:
(1) except as otherwise provided in paragraph (3), if the debtor is a registered organization or the collateral is held in a trust that is a registered organization, only if the financing statement provides the name that is stated to be the registered organization's name on the public organic record inclusive of the record most recently filed with or issued or enacted by the registered organization's jurisdiction of organization which purports to state, amend, restate, or correct the registered organization's name;
(2) subject to subsection (f), if the collateral is being administered by the personal representative of a decedent, only if the financing statement provides, as the name of the debtor, the name of the decedent and, in a separate part of the financing statement, indicates that the collateral is being administered by a personal representative;
(3) if the collateral is held in a trust that is not a registered organization, only if the financing statement:
(A) provides, as the name of the debtor:
(i) if the organic record of the trust specifies a name for the trust, the name specified; or
(ii) if the organic record of the trust does not specify a name for the trust, the name of the settlor or testator; and
(B) in a separate part of the financing statement:
(i) if the name is provided in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i), indicates that the collateral is held in trust; or
(ii) if the name is provided in accordance with subparagraph (A)(ii), provides additional information sufficient to distinguish the trust from other trusts having one or more of the same settlors or the same testator and indicates that the collateral is held in a trust, unless the additional information so indicates;
(4) if the debtor is an individual, only if the financing statement:
(A) provides the individual name of the debtor;
(B) provides the surname and first personal name of the debtor; or
(C) subject to subsection (g), provides the name of the individual which is indicated on a driver's license or identification card that this State has issued to the individual and which has not expired; and
(5) in other cases:
(A) if the debtor has a name, only if the financing statement provides the organizational name of the debtor; and
(B) if the debtor does not have a name, only if the financing statement provides the names of the partners, members, associates, or other persons comprising the debtor, in a manner that each name provided would be sufficient if the person named were the debtor.
(b) Additional debtor-related information. — A financing statement that provides the name of the debtor in accordance with subsection (a) is not rendered ineffective by the absence of:
(1) a trade name or other name of the debtor; or
(2) unless required under subsection (a)(5)(B), names of partners, members, associates, or other persons comprising the debtor.
(c) Debtor's trade name insufficient. — A financing statement that provides only the debtor's trade name does not sufficiently provide the name of the debtor.
(d) Representative capacity. — Failure to indicate the representative capacity of a secured party or representative of a secured party does not affect the sufficiency of a financing statement.
(e) Multiple debtors and secured parties. — A financing statement may provide the name of more than one debtor and the name of more than one secured party.
(f) Name of decedent. — The name of the decedent indicated on the order appointing the personal representative of the decedent issued by the court having jurisdiction over the collateral is sufficient as the "name of the decedent'' under subsection (a)(2).
(g) Multiple driver's licenses or identification cards. — If this State has issued to an individual more than one driver's license or identification card of a kind described in subsection (a)(4)(C), the one that was issued most recently is the one to which subsection (a)(4)(C) refers.
(h) Definition. — In this section, the "name of the settlor or testator'' means:
(1) if the settlor is a registered organization, the name that is stated to be the settlor's name on the public organic record inclusive of the record most recently filed with or issued or enacted by the settlor's jurisdiction of organization which purports to state, amend, restate, or correct the settlor's name; or
(2) in other cases, the name of the settlor or testator indicated in the trust's organic record.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 74 Del. Laws, c. 332, § 62; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, § 16.;
§ 9-504 Indication of collateral.
(1) a description of the collateral pursuant to Section 9-108; or
§ 9-504A Indication of collateral that is accounts, chattel paper, instruments or general intangibles.
(a) A financing statement sufficiently indicates the collateral that it covers if the collateral is accounts, chattel paper, instruments or general intangibles and:
(1) The financing statement provides a description of one or more records (such as a computer file, microfiche list, printed list or other record) in the possession or control of the secured party and such record or records identify the specific accounts, chattel paper, instruments or general intangibles constituting the collateral;
(2) The financing statement indicates:
(A) That the items described on the record or records in the possession or control of the secured party are accounts, chattel paper, instruments or general intangibles; or
(B) The nature of the items on the record or records in the possession or control of the secured party by general description or category; and
(3) The record or records in the possession or control of the secured party contain:
(A) Confidential information, such as credit card numbers, loan numbers or taxpayer identification numbers, identifying the specific account debtors or persons obligated on the instruments; or
(B) A description of 100 or more specific accounts, chattel paper, instruments or general intangibles.
(b) Subsection (a) provides an additional method of sufficiently indicating collateral in a financing statement for purposes of this Article. A financing statement not complying with subsection (a) but otherwise complying with § 9-504 shall sufficiently indicate the collateral it covers for purposes of this Article.
74 Del. Laws, c. 332, § 63.;
§ 9-505 Filing and compliance with other statutes and treaties for consignments, leases, other bailments, and other transactions.
(a) Use of terms other than "debtor'' and "secured party.'' — A consignor, lessor, or other bailor of goods, a licensor, or a buyer of a payment intangible or promissory note may file a financing statement, or may comply with a statute or treaty described in Section 9-311(a), using the terms "consignor'', "consignee'', "lessor'', "lessee'', "bailor'', "bailee'', "licensor'', "licensee'', "owner'', "registered owner'', "buyer'', "seller'', or words of similar import, instead of the terms "secured party'' and "debtor''.
(b) Effect of financing statement under subsection (a). — This part applies to the filing of a financing statement under subsection (a) and, as appropriate, to compliance that is equivalent to filing a financing statement under Section 9-311(b), but the filing or compliance is not of itself a factor in determining whether the collateral secures an obligation. If it is determined for another reason that the collateral secures an obligation, a security interest held by the consignor, lessor, bailor, licensor, owner, or buyer which attaches to the collateral is perfected by the filing or compliance.
§ 9-506 Effect of errors or omissions.
(a) Minor errors and omissions. — A financing statement substantially satisfying the requirements of this part is effective, even if it has minor errors or omissions, unless the errors or omissions make the financing statement seriously misleading.
(b) Financing statement seriously misleading. — Except in the case of individual debtors and as otherwise provided in subsection (c), a financing statement that fails sufficiently to provide the name of the debtor in accordance with Section 9-503(a) is seriously misleading.
(c) Financing statement not seriously misleading. — If a search of the records of the filing office under the debtor's correct name, using the filing office's standard search logic, if any, would disclose a financing statement that fails sufficiently to provide the name of the debtor in accordance with Section 9-503(a), the name provided does not make the financing statement seriously misleading.
(d) "Debtor's correct name.'' — For purposes of Section 9-508(b), the "debtor's correct name'' in subsection (c) means the correct name of the new debtor.
§ 9-507 Effect of certain events on effectiveness of financing statement.
(a) Disposition. — A filed financing statement remains effective with respect to collateral that is sold, exchanged, leased, licensed, or otherwise disposed of and in which a security interest or agricultural lien continues, even if the secured party knows of or consents to the disposition.
(b) Information becoming seriously misleading. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) and Section 9-508, a financing statement is not rendered ineffective if, after the financing statement is filed, the information provided in the financing statement becomes seriously misleading under Section 9-506.
(c) Change in debtor's name. — If the name that a filed financing statement provides for a debtor becomes insufficient as the name of the debtor under Section 9-503(a) so that the filed financing statement becomes seriously misleading under Section 9-506:
(1) the financing statement is effective to perfect a security interest in collateral acquired by the debtor before, or within four months after, the filed financing statement becomes seriously misleading; and
(2) the financing statement is not effective to perfect a security interest in collateral acquired by the debtor more than four months after the filed financing statement becomes seriously misleading, unless an amendment to the financing statement which renders the financing statement not seriously misleading is filed within four months after the financing statement became seriously misleading.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, § 17.;
§ 9-508 Effectiveness of financing statement if new debtor becomes bound by security agreement.
(a) Financing statement naming original debtor. — Except as otherwise provided in this section, a filed financing statement naming an original debtor is effective to perfect a security interest in collateral in which a new debtor has or acquires rights to the extent that the financing statement would have been effective had the original debtor acquired rights in the collateral.
(b) Financing statement becoming seriously misleading. — If the difference between the name of the original debtor and that of the new debtor causes a filed financing statement that is effective under subsection (a) to be seriously misleading under Section 9-506:
(1) the financing statement is effective to perfect a security interest in collateral acquired by the new debtor before, and within four months after, the new debtor becomes bound under Section 9-203(d); and
(2) the financing statement is not effective to perfect a security interest in collateral acquired by the new debtor more than four months after the new debtor becomes bound under Section 9-203(d) unless an initial financing statement providing the name of the new debtor is filed before the expiration of that time.
(c) When section not applicable. — This section does not apply to collateral as to which a filed financing statement remains effective against the new debtor under Section 9-507(a).
§ 9-509 Persons entitled to file a record.
(a) Person entitled to file record. — A person may file an initial financing statement, amendment that adds collateral covered by a financing statement, or amendment that adds a debtor to a financing statement only if:
(1) the debtor authorizes the filing in an authenticated record or pursuant to subsection (b) or (c); or
(2) the person holds an agricultural lien that has become effective at the time of filing and the financing statement covers only collateral in which the person holds an agricultural lien.
(b) Security agreement as authorization. — By authenticating or becoming bound as debtor by a security agreement, a debtor or new debtor authorizes the filing of an initial financing statement, and an amendment, covering:
(c) Acquisition of collateral as authorization. — By acquiring collateral in which a security interest or agricultural lien continues under Section 9-315(a)(1), a debtor authorizes the filing of an initial financing statement, and an amendment, covering the collateral and property that becomes collateral under Section 9-315(a)(2).
(d) Person entitled to file certain amendments. — A person may file an amendment other than an amendment that adds collateral covered by a financing statement or an amendment that adds a debtor to a financing statement only if:
(1) the secured party of record authorizes the filing; or
(2) the amendment is a termination statement for a financing statement as to which the secured party of record has failed to file or send a termination statement as required by Section 9-513(a) or (c), the debtor authorizes the filing, and the termination statement indicates that the debtor authorized it to be filed.
(e) Multiple secured parties of record. — If there is more than one secured party of record for a financing statement, each secured party of record may authorize the filing of an amendment under subsection (d).
(f) Trusts and trustees. — If either the debtor or the secured party is a trust (including a trust that is a registered organization) or a trustee acting with respect to property held in trust and is otherwise entitled to file a record pursuant to Section 9-509, authorization by an authorized person in the name of either the trust or the trustee shall be effective.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 74 Del. Laws, c. 332, § 64.;
§ 9-510 Effectiveness of filed record.
(a) Filed record effective if authorized. — A filed record is effective only to the extent that it was filed by a person that may file it under Section 9-509.
(b) Authorization by one secured party of record. — A record authorized by one secured party of record does not affect the financing statement with respect to another secured party of record.
(c) Continuation statement not timely filed. — A continuation statement that is not filed within the six-month period prescribed by Section 9-515(d) is ineffective.
§ 9-511 Secured party of record.
(a) Secured party of record. — A secured party of record with respect to a financing statement is a person whose name is provided as the name of the secured party or a representative of the secured party in an initial financing statement that has been filed. If an initial financing statement is filed under Section 9-514(a), the assignee named in the initial financing statement is the secured party of record with respect to the financing statement.
(b) Amendment naming secured party of record. — If an amendment of a financing statement which provides the name of a person as a secured party or a representative of a secured party is filed, the person named in the amendment is a secured party of record. If an amendment is filed under Section 9-514(b), the assignee named in the amendment is a secured party of record.
(c) Amendment deleting secured party of record. — A person remains a secured party of record until the filing of an amendment of the financing statement which deletes the person.
§ 9-512 Amendment of financing statement.
(a) Amendment of information in financing statement. — Subject to Section 9-509, a person may add or delete collateral covered by, continue or terminate the effectiveness of, or, subject to subsection (e), otherwise amend the information provided in, a financing statement by filing an amendment that:
(1) identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which the amendment relates; and
(2) if the amendment relates to an initial financing statement filed in a filing office described in Section 9-501(a)(1), provides the information specified in Section 9-502(b).
(b) Period of effectiveness not affected. — Except as otherwise provided in Section 9-515, the filing of an amendment does not extend the period of effectiveness of the financing statement.
(c) Effectiveness of amendment adding collateral. — A financing statement that is amended by an amendment that adds collateral is effective as to the added collateral only from the date of the filing of the amendment.
(d) Effectiveness of amendment adding debtor. — A financing statement that is amended by an amendment that adds a debtor is effective as to the added debtor only from the date of the filing of the amendment.
(e) Certain amendments ineffective. — An amendment is ineffective to the extent it:
(1) purports to delete all debtors and fails to provide the name of a debtor to be covered by the financing statement; or
(2) purports to delete all secured parties of record and fails to provide the name of a new secured party of record.
(f) Conversion of debtor. — Subject to Section 9-316:
(1) If a conversion of a debtor from one type of organization to another results in the converted organization being the same organization by operation of the laws governing such conversion and the name of the debtor changes as a result of such conversion, then such conversion shall constitute a change in such debtor's name for purposes of Section 9-507(c);
(2) If a conversion of a debtor from one type of organization to another results in the converted organization being the same organization by operation of the laws governing such conversion, then such organization shall not constitute a new debtor for purposes of Section 9-508; and
(3) If a conversion of a debtor from one type of organization to another results in the converted organization being a different organization by operation of the laws governing such conversion, then such organization shall constitute a new debtor for purposes of Section 9-508.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, § 18.;
§ 9-513 Termination statement.
(a) Consumer goods. — A secured party shall cause the secured party of record for a financing statement to file a termination statement for the financing statement if the financing statement covers consumer goods and:
(1) there is no obligation secured by the collateral covered by the financing statement and no commitment to make an advance, incur an obligation, or otherwise give value; or
(2) the debtor did not authorize the filing of the initial financing statement.
(b) Time for compliance with subsection (a). — To comply with subsection (a), a secured party shall cause the secured party of record to file the termination statement:
(1) within one month after there is no obligation secured by the collateral covered by the financing statement and no commitment to make an advance, incur an obligation, or otherwise give value; or
(2) if earlier, within 20 days after the secured party receives an authenticated demand from a debtor.
(c) Other collateral. — In cases not governed by subsection (a), within 20 days after a secured party receives an authenticated demand from a debtor, the secured party shall cause the secured party of record for a financing statement to send to the debtor a termination statement for the financing statement or file the termination statement in the filing office if:
(1) except in the case of a financing statement covering accounts or chattel paper that has been sold or goods that are the subject of a consignment, there is no obligation secured by the collateral covered by the financing statement and no commitment to make an advance, incur an obligation, or otherwise give value;
(2) the financing statement covers accounts or chattel paper that has been sold but as to which the account debtor or other person obligated has discharged its obligation;
(3) the financing statement covers goods that were the subject of a consignment to the debtor but are not in the debtor's possession; or
(4) the debtor did not authorize the filing of the initial financing statement.
(d) Effect of filing termination statement. — Except as otherwise provided in Section 9-510, upon the filing of a termination statement with the filing office, the financing statement to which the termination statement relates ceases to be effective. Except as otherwise provided in Section 9-510, for purposes of Sections 9-519(g), 9-522(a), and 9-523(c), the filing with the filing office of a termination statement relating to a financing statement that indicates that the debtor is a transmitting utility also causes the effectiveness of the financing statement to lapse.
§ 9-514 Assignment of powers of secured party of record.
(a) Assignment reflected on initial financing statement. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c), an initial financing statement may reflect an assignment of all of the secured party's power to authorize an amendment to the financing statement by providing the name and mailing address of the assignee as the name and address of the secured party.
(b) Assignment of filed financing statement. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c), a secured party of record may assign of record all or part of its power to authorize an amendment to a financing statement by filing in the filing office an amendment of the financing statement which:
(1) identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates;
(2) provides the name of the assignor; and
(3) provides the name and mailing address of the assignee.
(c) Assignment of record of mortgage. — An assignment of record of a security interest in a fixture covered by a record of a mortgage which is effective as a financing statement filed as a fixture filing under Section 9-502(c) may be made only by an assignment of record of the mortgage in the manner provided by law of this State other than the Uniform Commercial Code.
§ 9-515 Duration and effectiveness of financing statement; effect of lapsed financing statement.
(a) Five-year effectiveness. — Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b), (e), (f), and (g), a filed financing statement is effective for a period of five years after the date of filing.
(b) Public-finance or manufactured-home transaction. — Except as otherwise provided in subsections (e), (f), and (g), an initial financing statement filed in connection with a public-finance transaction or manufactured-home transaction is effective for a period of 30 years after the date of filing if it indicates that it is filed in connection with a public-finance transaction or manufactured-home transaction.
(c) Lapse and continuation of financing statement. — The effectiveness of a filed financing statement lapses on the expiration of the period of its effectiveness unless before the lapse a continuation statement is filed pursuant to subsection (d). Upon lapse, a financing statement ceases to be effective and any security interest or agricultural lien that was perfected by the financing statement becomes unperfected, unless the security interest is perfected otherwise. If the security interest or agricultural lien becomes unperfected upon lapse, it is deemed never to have been perfected as against a purchaser of the collateral for value.
(d) When continuation statement may be filed. — A continuation statement may be filed only within six months before the expiration of the five-year period specified in subsection (a) or the 30-year period specified in subsection (b), whichever is applicable.
(e) Effect of filing continuation statement. — Except as otherwise provided in Section 9-510, upon timely filing of a continuation statement, the effectiveness of the initial financing statement continues for a period of five years commencing on the day on which the financing statement would have become ineffective in the absence of the filing. Upon the expiration of the five-year period, the financing statement lapses in the same manner as provided in subsection (c), unless, before the lapse, another continuation statement is filed pursuant to subsection (d). Succeeding continuation statements may be filed in the same manner to continue the effectiveness of the initial financing statement.
(f) Transmitting utility financing statement. — If a debtor is a transmitting utility and a filed initial financing statement so indicates, the financing statement is effective until a termination statement is filed.
(g) Record of mortgage as financing statement. — A record of a mortgage that is effective as a financing statement filed as a fixture filing under Section 9-502(c) remains effective as a financing statement filed as a fixture filing until the mortgage is released or satisfied of record or its effectiveness otherwise terminates as to the real property.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, § 19.;
§ 9-516 What constitutes filing; effectiveness of filing.
(a) What constitutes filing. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), communication of a record to a filing office and tender of the filing fee or acceptance of the record by the filing office constitutes filing.
(b) Refusal to accept record; filing does not occur. — Filing does not occur with respect to a record that a filing office refuses to accept because:
(1) the record is not communicated by a method or medium of communication authorized by the filing office;
(2) an amount equal to or greater than the applicable filing fee is not tendered;
(3) the filing office is unable to index the record because:
(A) in the case of an initial financing statement, the record does not provide a name for the debtor;
(B) in the case of an amendment or information statement, the record:
(i) does not identify the initial financing statement as required by Section 9-512 or 9-518, as applicable; or
(ii) identifies an initial financing statement whose effectiveness has lapsed under Section 9-515;
(C) in the case of an initial financing statement that provides the name of a debtor identified as an individual or an amendment that provides a name of a debtor identified as an individual which was not previously provided in the financing statement to which the record relates, the record does not identify the debtor's surname; or
(D) in the case of a record filed in the filing office described in Section 9-501(a)(1), the record does not provide a sufficient description of the real property to which it relates;
(4) in the case of an initial financing statement or an amendment that adds a secured party of record, the record does not provide a name and mailing address for the secured party of record;
(5) in the case of an initial financing statement or an amendment that provides a name of a debtor which was not previously provided in the financing statement to which the amendment relates, the record does not:
(A) provide a mailing address for the debtor; or
(B) indicate whether the name provided as the name of the debtor is the name of an individual or an organization;
(6) in the case of an assignment reflected in an initial financing statement under Section 9-514(a) or an amendment filed under Section 9-514(b), the record does not provide a name and mailing address for the assignee; or
(7) in the case of a continuation statement, the record is not filed within the six-month period prescribed by Section 9-515(d).
(c) Rules applicable to subsection (b). — For purposes of subsection (b):
(1) a record does not provide information if the filing office is unable to read or decipher the information;
(2) a record that does not indicate that it is an amendment or identify an initial financing statement to which it relates, as required by Section 9-512, 9-514, or 9-518, is an initial financing statement;
(3) for an initial financing statement filed in a filing office described in § 9-501(a)(1) of this title, the requirements of § 9605(f) of Title 9 may be satisfied by placing the county tax assessment parcel identification number in item 4 of the form specified in § 9-521(a) of this title or the comparable item on any other form of initial financing statement;
(4) for a financing statement amendment filed in a filing office described in § 9-501(a)(1) of this title, the requirements of § 9605(f) of Title 9 may be satisfied by placing the county tax assessment parcel identification number in item 8 of the form specified in § 9-521(b) of this title or the comparable item on any other form of financing statement amendment;
(5) for an initial financing statement filed in a filing office described in § 9-501(a)(1) of this title, the requirements of § 9605(h) of Title 9 shall be satisfied by including the information required by § 9-502(b) of this title; and
(6) for a financing statement amendment filed in a filing office described in § 9-501(a)(1) of this title, the requirements of § 9605(h) of Title 9 shall be satisfied by including the information required by § 9-512(a) of this title.
(d) Refusal to accept record; record effective as filed record. — A record that is communicated to the filing office with tender of the filing fee, but which the filing office refuses to accept for a reason other than one set forth in subsection (b), is effective as a filed record except as against a purchaser of the collateral which gives value in reasonable reliance upon the absence of the record from the files.
(e) Trusts and trustees. — If collateral is held in a trust (including a trust that is a registered organization), the information required by subsection (b)(5) with respect to the debtor may be provided with respect to either the trust or the trustee.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 74 Del. Laws, c. 332, § 65; 75 Del. Laws, c. 66, § 3; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, §§ 20-22.;
§ 9-517 Effect of indexing errors.
§ 9-518 Claim concerning inaccurate or wrongfully filed record.
(a) Statement with respect to record indexed under person's name. — A person may file in the filing office an information statement with respect to a record indexed there under the person's name if the person believes that the record is inaccurate or was wrongfully filed.
(b) Contents of statement under subsection (a). — An information statement under subsection (a) must:
(1) identify the record to which it relates by:
(A) the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates; and
(B) if the information statement relates to a record filed in a filing office described in Section 9-501(a)(1), the date that the initial financing statement was filed and the information specified in Section 9-502(b);
(2) indicate that it is an information statement; and
(3) provide the basis for the person's belief that the record is inaccurate and indicate the manner in which the person believes the record should be amended to cure any inaccuracy or provide the basis for the person's belief that the record was wrongfully filed.
(c) Statement by secured party of record. — A person may file in the filing office an information statement with respect to a record filed there if the person is a secured party of record with respect to the financing statement to which the record relates and believes that the person that filed the record was not entitled to do so under Section 9-509(d).
(d) Contents of statement under subsection (c). — An information statement under subsection (c) must:
(3) provide the basis for the person's belief that the person that filed the record was not entitled to do so under Section 9-509(d).
(e) Record not affected by information statement. — The filing of an information statement does not affect the effectiveness of an initial financing statement or other filed record.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, § 23.;
2.Duties and Operation of Filing Office
§ 9-519 Numbering, maintaining, and indexing records; communicating information provided in records.
(a) Filing office duties. — For each record filed in a filing office, the filing office shall:
(1) assign a unique number to the filed record;
(2) create a record that bears the number assigned to the filed record and the date and time of filing;
(3) maintain the filed record for public inspection; and
(4) index the filed record in accordance with subsections (c), (d), and (e).
(b) File number. — A file number assigned after January 1, 2002 must include a digit that:
(1) is mathematically derived from or related to the other digits of the file number; and
(2) aids the filing office in determining whether a number communicated as the file number includes a single-digit or transpositional error.
(c) Indexing: general. — Except as otherwise provided in subsections (d) and (e), the filing office shall:
(1) index an initial financing statement according to the name of the debtor and index all filed records relating to the initial financing statement in a manner that associates with one another an initial financing statement and all filed records relating to the initial financing statement; and
(2) index a record that provides a name of a debtor which was not previously provided in the financing statement to which the record relates also according to the name that was not previously provided.
(d) Indexing: real property-related financing statement. — If a financing statement is filed as a fixture filing or covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, the filing office shall index it:
(1) under the names of the debtor and of each owner of record shown on the financing statement as if they were the mortgagors under a mortgage of the real property described; and
(2) to the extent that the law of this State provides for indexing of records of mortgages under the name of the mortgagee, under the name of the secured party as if the secured party were the mortgagee thereunder, or, if indexing is by description, as if the financing statement were a record of a mortgage of the real property described.
(e) Indexing: real property-related assignment. — If a financing statement is filed as a fixture filing or covers as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut, the filing office shall index an assignment filed under Section 9-514(a) or an amendment filed under Section 9-514(b):
(1) under the name of the assignor as grantor; and
(2) to the extent that the law of this State provides for indexing a record of the assignment of a mortgage under the name of the assignee, under the name of the assignee.
(f) Retrieval and association capability. — The filing office shall maintain a capability:
(1) to retrieve a record by the name of the debtor and by the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates; and
(2) to associate and retrieve with one another an initial financing statement and each filed record relating to the initial financing statement.
(g) Removal of debtor's name. — The filing office may not remove a debtor's name from the index until one year after the effectiveness of a financing statement naming the debtor lapses under Section 9-515 with respect to all secured parties of record.
(h) Timeliness of filing office performance. — The filing office shall perform the acts required by subsections (a) through (e) at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office rule.
§ 9-520 Acceptance and refusal to accept record.
(a) Mandatory refusal to accept record. — A filing office shall refuse to accept a record for filing for a reason set forth in Section 9-516(b) and may not refuse to accept a record for filing for any other reason.
(b) Communication concerning refusal. — If a filing office refuses to accept a record for filing, it shall communicate to the person that presented the record the fact of and reason for the refusal and the date and time the record would have been filed had the filing office accepted it. The communication must be made at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office rule.
(c) When filed financing statement effective. — A filed financing statement satisfying Section 9-502(a) and (b) is effective, even if the filing office is required to refuse to accept it for filing under subsection (a). However, Section 9-338 applies to a filed financing statement providing information described in Section 9-516(b)(5) which is incorrect at the time the financing statement is filed.
(d) Separate application to multiple debtors. — If a record communicated to a filing office provides information that relates to more than one debtor, this part applies as to each debtor separately.
§ 9-521 Uniform form of written financing statement and amendment.
(a) Initial financing statement form. — A filing office that accepts written records may not refuse to accept a written initial financing statement in the following form and format except for a reason set forth in Section 9-516(b):
(b) Amendment form. — A filing office that accepts written records may not refuse to accept a written record in the following forms and formats except for a reason set forth in § 9-516(b):
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 77 Del. Laws, c. 31, §§ 1, 2; 79 Del. Laws, c. 15, §§ 24, 25.;
§ 9-522 Maintenance and destruction of records.
(a) Post-lapse maintenance and retrieval of information. — The filing office shall maintain a record of the information provided in a filed financing statement for at least one year after the effectiveness of the financing statement has lapsed under Section 9-515 with respect to all secured parties of record. The record must be retrievable by using the name of the debtor and by using the file number assigned to the initial financing statement to which the record relates.
(b) Destruction of written records. — Except to the extent that a statute governing disposition of public records provides otherwise, the filing office immediately may destroy any written record evidencing a financing statement. However, if the filing office destroys a written record, it shall maintain another record of the financing statement which complies with subsection (a).
§ 9-523 Information from filing office; sale or license of records.
(a) Acknowledgment of filing written record. — If a person that files a written record requests an acknowledgment of the filing, the filing office shall send to the person an image of the record showing the number assigned to the record pursuant to Section 9-519(a)(1) and the date and time of the filing of the record. However, if the person furnishes a copy of the record to the filing office, the filing office may instead:
(1) note upon the copy the number assigned to the record pursuant to Section 9-519(a)(1) and the date and time of the filing of the record; and
(2) send the copy to the person.
(b) Acknowledgment of filing other record. — If a person files a record other than a written record, the filing office shall communicate to the person an acknowledgment that provides:
(1) the information in the record;
(2) the number assigned to the record pursuant to Section 9-519(a)(1); and
(3) the date and time of the filing of the record.
(c) Communication of requested information. — The filing office shall communicate or otherwise make available in a record the following information to any person that requests it:
(1) whether there is on file on a date and time specified by the filing office, but not a date earlier than three business days before the filing office receives the request, any financing statement that:
(A) designates a particular debtor;
(B) has not lapsed under Section 9-515 with respect to all secured parties of record; and
(C) if the request so states, has lapsed under Section 9-515 and a record of which is maintained by the filing office under Section 9-522(a);
(2) the date and time of filing of each financing statement; and
(3) the information provided in each financing statement.
(d) Medium for communicating information. — In complying with its duty under subsection (c), the filing office may communicate information in any medium. However, if requested, the filing office shall communicate information by issuing a record that can be admitted into evidence in the courts of this State without extrinsic evidence of its authenticity.
(e) Timeliness of filing office performance. — The filing office shall perform the acts required by subsections (a) through (d) at the time and in the manner prescribed by filing-office rule.
(f) Public availability of records. — At least weekly, the office of the Secretary of State may offer to sell or license to the public on a nonexclusive basis, in bulk, copies of all records filed in it under this part, in every medium from time to time available to the filing office.
§ 9-524 Delay by filing office.
(1) the delay is caused by interruption of communication or computer facilities, war, emergency conditions, failure of equipment, or other circumstances beyond control of the filing office; and
§ 9-525 Fees.
(a) Initial financing statement or other record; general rule. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), the fee for filing and indexing a record under this part, other than an initial financing statement of the kind described in subsection (b), is:
(1) The amount specified in subsection (c), if applicable, plus an amount not to exceed $125 and an amount of $2 per page for each page in excess of 4 pages if the record is communicated in writing or as an image; or
(2) An amount not to exceed $100 if the record is communicated via the Internet or a similar medium authorized by filing office rule, provided that filings complying with such rule shall be exempt from fees described in subsection (c) and paragraph (d)(3) of this section.
(b) Initial financing statement: public-finance or manufactured-home transaction. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), the fee for filing and indexing an initial financing statement of the following kind is the amount specified in subsection (a)(and, if applicable, subsection (c)), plus $20 if the financing statement indicates that it is filed in connection with a public-finance transaction or a manufactured-home transaction.
(c) Number of names. — Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), if a record is communicated in writing or as an image, the fee for each name more than two required to be indexed is $25.
(d) Response to information request and expediting services. —
(1) The fee for responding to a request for information from the filing office, including for communicating whether there is on file any financing statement naming a particular debtor, is:
(A) $25 if the request is communicated in writing; and
(B) $25 if the request is communicated by another medium authorized by filing-office rule.
(2) Upon request the filing office shall provide a copy of any record for a uniform fee of $10 for the first page and $2 for each additional page; provided however, that the office of the Secretary of State may, in its discretion, establish different rate schedules for bulk copies pursuant to § 9-523(f) of this title.
(3) For each service described in this subsection or in Section 9-523(a) that is requested to be completed: (i) within a twenty-four hour period from the time of the request, the Secretary of State shall charge the additional sum of up to $100; (ii) within the same day as the day of the request, the Secretary of State shall charge the additional sum of up to $200; (iii) within a two-hour period from the time of the request, the Secretary of State shall charge the additional sum of up to $500; and (iv) within a one-hour period from the time of the request, the Secretary of State shall charge the additional sum of up to $1,000.
(e) Record of mortgage. — This section does not require a fee with respect to a record of a mortgage which is effective as a financing statement filed as a fixture filing or as a financing statement covering as-extracted collateral or timber to be cut under Section 9-502(c). However, the recording and satisfaction fees that otherwise would be applicable to the record of the mortgage apply.
72 Del. Laws, c. 401, § 1; 73 Del. Laws, c. 384, §§ 1, 2; 74 Del. Laws, c. 52, §§ 1-4; 77 Del. Laws, c. 78, §§ 1, 2; 81 Del. Laws, c. 53, § 1.;
§ 9-526 Filing-office rules.
(a) Adoption of filing-office rules. — The Secretary of State shall adopt and publish rules to implement this Article. The filing-office rules must be:
(1) consistent with this Article; and
(2) adopted and published in accordance with Chapter 101 of Title 29 (the Delaware Administrative Procedures Act).
(b) Harmonization of rules. — To keep the filing-office rules and practices of the filing office in harmony with the rules and practices of filing offices in other jurisdictions that enact substantially this part, and to keep the technology used by the filing office compatible with the technology used by filing offices in other jurisdictions that enact substantially this part, the office of the Secretary of State, so far as is consistent with the purposes, policies, and provisions of this Article, in adopting, amending, and repealing filing-office rules, shall:
(1) consult with filing offices in other jurisdictions that enact substantially this part; and
(2) consult the most recent version of the Model Rules promulgated by the International Association of Corporate Administrators or any successor organization; and
(3) take into consideration the rules and practices of, and the technology used by, filing offices in other jurisdictions that enact substantially this part.