Source: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/9603220.html
Timestamp: 2019-07-20 11:22:48
Document Index: 545348135

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 201210526209', 'Application No. 101144848', 'Application No. 101144848', 'Application No. 201210526209', '§119', 'Application No. 10']

LED driver apparatus - MAGNACHIP SEMICONDUCTOR, LTD.
United States Patent 9603220
A light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus is provided. The LED driver apparatus includes a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit, a DC-DC converter, and a comparison voltage generating unit. The PWM signal generating unit generates a PWM signal according to a comparison voltage. The DC-DC converter supplies a driving voltage of an LED array by using the PWM signal. The comparison voltage generating unit measures a feedback voltage of the LED array and supplies a difference between the measured feedback voltage and a target voltage as a comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit. The comparison voltage generating unit supplies a second reference voltage as a comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit from a time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage to a time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
Kang, Tae-kyoung (Cheongju-si, KR)
13/693223
315/209R, 315/224, 315/291, 315/299, 315/308
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9265104 Electronic circuits and techniques for maintaining a consistent power delivered to a load 2016-02-16 Szczeszynski
9035561 LED driving system and method 2015-05-19 Tsai 315/192
8624524 Power management and control module and liquid crystal display device 2014-01-07 Liu 315/291
8569975 Control circuit for switching power supply 2013-10-29 Uchimoto 315/210
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20130147361 DETECTING CIRCUIT FOR SHORT OF LED ARRAY AND LED DRIVING APPARATUS USING THE SAME 2013-06-13 Kang 315/122
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20130009556 Electronic Circuits and Techniques for Maintaining a Consistent Power Delivered to a Load 2013-01-10 Szczeszynski 315/185R
20120212141 PWM CONTROLLING CIRCUIT AND LED DRIVER CIRCUIT HAVING THE SAME 2012-08-23 Ryu 315/186
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20110089859 CURRENT-TYPE DRIVER OF LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES 2011-04-21 Tseng 315/294
20110068700 Method and apparatus for driving multiple LED devices 2011-03-24 Fan 315/185R
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7276863 LED array driving apparatus and backlight driving apparatus using the same 2007-10-02 Lee 315/307
5440473 AC-DC converter 1995-08-08 Ishii 363/21.05
CN102045922A 2011-05-04 Current-type driver of light emitting devices
CN102111071A 2011-06-29 DC-DC converter and controlling method thereof, and display device using the same
CN102238779A 2011-11-09 Control circuit for switching power supply, control method, light-emitting device and electronic device
KR100994204B1 2010-11-15
TW200629967A 2006-08-16 LED array driving apparatus and backlight driving apparatus using the same
TW201116158A 2011-05-01 Current-type driver of light emitting device
Chinese Office Action issued on Oct. 12, 2015 in counterpart Chinese Patent Application No. 201210526209.2 (8 pages in Chinese).
Taiwanese Office Action issued on Apr. 22, 2016 in counterpart Taiwanese Patent Application No. 101144848 (7 pages in Chinese).
Taiwanese Office Action issued on Aug. 12, 2016 in counterpart Taiwanese Application No. 101144848 (17 pages in Taiwanese).
Chinese Office Action issued Dec. 26, 2016, in counterpart Chinese Patent Application No. 201210526209.2 (9 pages in Chinese).
1. A light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus comprising: a comparison voltage generating unit configured to measure a feedback voltage of an LED array, generate a first target voltage and a second target voltage; selectively output, to a comparator, the measured feedback voltage or, in response to generation of a signal to stop a boosting operation of a DC-DC converter, the second target voltage, wherein the comparator is configured to compare the first target voltage with the selectively output measured feedback voltage or second target voltage to obtain a comparison voltage; and supply the comparison voltage to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit, wherein the generation of signal to stop a boosting operation of the DC-DC converter begins in response to receiving an indication that a driving voltage for the LED array is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage, and ends in response to the measured feedback voltage being less than or equal to the second target voltage.
2. The LED driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the PWM signal generating unit is configured to generate a PWM signal, according to the comparison voltage, and the DC-DC converter is configured to supply the driving voltage for the LED array by using the PWM signal.
3. The LED driver apparatus of claim 2, wherein the comparison voltage generating unit is configured to control the PWM signal generating unit to stop the boosting operation of the DC-DC converter in response to the generation of the signal to stop the boosting operation of the DC-DC converter.
4. The LED driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the comparison voltage generating unit comprises: a target voltage generating unit configured to generate the first target voltage and the second target voltage, wherein a second reference voltage is added to the first target voltage to generate the second target voltage; a multiplexer (MUX) configured to selectively output, to the comparator, the measured feedback voltage or the second target voltage; and a time controller configured to control the MUX by generating the signal to stop the boosting operation of the DC-DC converter.
5. The LED driver apparatus of claim 4, wherein the time controller comprises: an amplifier configured to output a difference between the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage; and an RS latch configured to receive a signal as a set signal indicative that the driving voltage is equal to the first reference voltage, and receive an output of the amplifier as a reset signal.
6. The LED driver apparatus of claim 4, wherein the time controller is configured to supply, to the PWM signal generating unit, the signal to stop the boosting operation of a DC-DC converter.
7. The LED driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first reference voltage is a maximum output voltage of the DC-DC converter.
8. The LED driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein a difference between the first target voltage and the second target voltage is a second reference voltage having a value between 100 mV and 150 mV, inclusive.
9. The LED driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the LED array comprises a plurality of LED arrays; each of the plurality of LED arrays outputs a feedback voltage; and the measured feedback voltage is a lowest one of the feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays.
10. The LED driver apparatus of claim 9, wherein the comparison voltage generating unit comprises: a target voltage generating unit configured to generate the first target voltage and the second target voltage, wherein a second reference voltage is added to the first target voltage to generate the second target voltage; a voltage measurer configured to measure the feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays, and to output the lowest one of the measured feedback voltages; a multiplexer (MUX) configured to supply, to the comparator, one of the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage output from the voltage measurer; and a time controller configured to control the MUX to supply, to the comparator, the lowest one of the measured feedback voltages output from the voltage measurer,or in response to the qeneration of the signal to stop the boosting operation of the DC-DC converter, the second target voltage.
11. The LED driver apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first target voltage is compared with a multiplexed selection of the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage.
12. A comparison voltage generating unit of an LED driver apparatus, comprising: a target voltage generating unit configured to generate a first target voltage and a second target voltage; a time controller configured to supply, to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit, a control signal to stop a voltage boosting of a DC-DC converter, wherein the supplying begins in response to receiving an indication that a driving voltage of the LED array is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage, and ends in response to the measured feedback voltage being less than or equal to the second target voltage; a multiplexer (MUX) configured to receive the second target voltage, receive a measured feedback voltage from an LED array, receive the control signal, and selectively output the second target voltage or the measured feedback voltage, according to the control signal; and a comparator configured to compare the first target voltage, with the selectively output second target voltage or measured feedback voltage.
13. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the comparator is configured to output, as a comparison voltage, a difference between the first target voltage and the selectively output second target voltage or measured feedback voltage, and supply the comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit.
14. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first target voltage has a voltage value corresponding to a forward bias voltage of the LED array, to operate the LED array in a saturation area, and the second target voltage has a voltage value that is greater than the first target voltage, by a second reference voltage having a value between 100 mV and 150 mV, inclusive.
15. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the feedback voltage is a voltage of a node to which the LED array and an LED driving unit are connected.
16. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first reference voltage is a preset voltage that is higher than the driving voltage supplied from the DC-DC converter to the LED array in a normal operation of the LED array.
17. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the time controller comprises an amplifier configured to output a difference between the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage, and an RS latch configured to receive, as a set signal, a signal to indicate that the driving voltage is equal to the first reference voltage, receive an output of the amplifier as a reset signal, and output the control signal based on the set and reset signals.
18. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the LED array comprises a plurality of LED arrays that each output a feedback voltage, and the comparison voltage generating unit further comprises: a voltage measurer configured to measure the feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays, and output a lowest one of the measured feedback voltages of the plurality of LEDs.
19. The comparison voltage generating unit of the LED driver apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first target voltage is compared with a multiplexed selection of the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage.
20. A light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus comprising: an LED array; a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit configured to generate a PWM signal, according to a comparison voltage; a DC-DC converter configured to supply a driving voltage, to the LED array, based on the PWM signal; a comparison voltage generating unit configured to measure a feedback voltage of the LED array, generate a first target voltage and a second target voltage; selectively output, to a comparator, the measured feedback voltage or, in response to generation of a signal configured to stop a boosting operation of the DC-DC converter, the second target voltage; and supply the result of a comparison, by the comparator, of the first target voltage and the selectively output measured feedback voltage or second target voltage as a comparison voltage, wherein the generation of the signal begins in response to receiving an indication that a driving voltage for the LED array is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage, and ends in response to the measured feedback voltage being less than or equal to the second target voltage.
21. The LED driver apparatus of claim 20, wherein the comparison voltage generating unit is configured to control the PWM signal generating unit using the generated signal.
22. The LED driver apparatus of claim 20, wherein a second reference voltage is added to the first target voltage to generate the second target voltage; and wherein the multiplexing is based on the signal configured to stop a boosting operation of the DC-DC converter.
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2011-0130466, filed on Dec. 7, 2011, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The following description relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus, and more particularly, to an LED driver apparatus that supplies a stable output voltage and a stable output current at an initial driving.
A liquid crystal display (LCD) is thinner and light in weight than other types of display apparatuses and has lower driving voltage and power consumption than the other types of display apparatuses. Therefore, the LCD is widely used. However, the LCD is a non-emitting device that cannot self-emit light and requires an additional backlight to supply light to an LCD panel.
A cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), a light-emitting diode (LED), or the like is mainly used as a backlight source of the LCD. The CCFL uses mercury and, thus, may cause an environmental pollution. Also, the CCFL has a slow response speed and a low color representation, and is inappropriate for making the LCD panel light, thin, short, and small.
The LED does not use an environmentally harmful material and, thus, is eco-friendly and enables impulse driving. Also, the LED has a high color representation, arbitrarily adjusts light amounts of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) diodes to change a luminance, a color temperature, etc., and is appropriate for making the LCD panel light, thin, short, and small. Therefore, the LED has been widely used as a backlight source of the LCD panel or the like.
An LED driver apparatus compares a target voltage to drive all of the LED arrays with a driving voltage (for example, a feedback voltage) that is applied to the LEDs to control a feedback on the driving voltage. A feedback operation of a conventional LED array will now be described with reference to FIG. 6.
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating waveforms of an initial driving voltage of a conventional LED driver apparatus, a comparison voltage, and a driving current.
Referring to (a) and (b) of FIG. 6, in order to turn on all of LED arrays at an initial stage to drive LEDs, a driving voltage higher than a target voltage is applied to the LED arrays. If the high driving voltage is applied to the LED arrays, all of the LED arrays are turned on, and, thus, a constant current flows through the LED arrays.
After the high driving voltage is applied to the LED arrays, a feedback control is immediately performed to compare the target voltage with a feedback voltage to output a comparison voltage. However, if the feedback control is immediately performed when the high driving voltage is applied to the LED arrays, the comparison voltage is lowered to a minimum voltage to weaken voltage boosting due to the higher driving voltage than the target voltage. Therefore, the voltage driving the LEDs is rapidly lowered, as a result, the driving voltage becomes lower than the target voltage. Subsequently, the comparison voltage increases in order to strengthen voltage boosting. Also, weakening and strengthening of boosting are repeatedly performed to converge the driving voltage into the target voltage due to a feedback time delay.
However, if weakening and strengthening of boosting are repeatedly as described above, a distortion of the constant current occurs as shown in (c) of FIG. 6.
The exemplary embodiments provide a light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus, which supplies a stable output voltage and a stable output current at an initial driving.
In accordance with an illustrative example, there is provided a light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus including a comparison voltage generating unit configured to measure a feedback voltage of an LED array, supply a difference between the measured feedback voltage and a target voltage as a comparison voltage to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit, and supply a second reference voltage to the PWM signal generating unit from a time when a driving voltage for the LED array is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage to a time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
The PWM signal generating unit is configured to generate the PWM signal according to the comparison voltage, and the LED driver apparatus further includes a DC-DC converter configured to supply the driving voltage for the LED array using the PWM signal.
The comparison voltage generating unit controls the PWM signal generating unit to stop a boosting operation of the DC-DC converter from the time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to the first reference voltage to the time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
The comparison voltage generating unit may also include a target voltage generating unit configured to generate the target voltage and a second target voltage, wherein the second reference voltage is added to the target voltage to generate the second target voltage, a comparator configured to compare the target voltage with the second target voltage or the measured feedback voltage, a multiplexer (MUX) configured to supply one of the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage to the comparator, and a time controller configured to control the MUX to supply the measured feedback voltage to the comparator and to supply the second target voltage to the comparator from the time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to the first reference voltage to the time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
The time controller includes an amplifier configured to output a difference between the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage, and an RS latch configured to receive a signal as a set signal indicative that the driving voltage is equal to the first reference voltage, and configured to receive an output of the amplifier as a reset signal.
The time controller supplies the PWM signal generating unit with a signal to stop the boosting operation of a DC-DC converter from the time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to the first reference voltage to the time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
The first reference voltage is a maximum output voltage of the DC-DC converter.
The second reference voltage has a voltage level between 100 mV and 150 mV.
The LED array includes a plurality of LED arrays, and the comparison voltage generating unit supplies a difference between lowest one of feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays and the target voltage as a comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit.
The comparison voltage generating unit includes a target voltage generating unit configured to generate the target voltage and a second target voltage, wherein the second reference voltage is added to the target voltage to generate the second target voltage, a voltage measurer configured to measure the feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays and output the lowest one of the measured feedback voltages, a comparator configured to compare the target voltage with the second target voltage or the feedback voltages output from the voltage measurer, a MUX configured to supply one of the second target voltage and the feedback voltages output from the voltage measurer to the comparator, and a time controller configured to control the MUX to supply the feedback voltages output from the voltage measurer to the comparator and to supply the second target voltage to the comparator from the time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to the first reference voltage to the time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
In accordance with another illustrative example, there is provided a comparison voltage generating unit of an LED driver apparatus, including a target voltage generating unit configured to generate a target voltage and a second target voltage, a multiplexer (MUX) configured to receive the second target voltage and receive a feedback voltage from an LED array, and a time controller configured to supply a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit with a control signal to stop a voltage boosting of a DC-DC converter from a time when a driving voltage of the LED array is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage to the time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage. The MUX is further configured to receive the control signal and selectively output the second target voltage or the feedback voltage according to the control signal.
A comparator is configured to compare the target voltage from the target voltage generating unit with the second target voltage from the target voltage generating unit or the feedback voltage output from the voltage measurer.
The comparator outputs a difference between the generated target voltage and the second target voltage or the feedback voltage as a comparison voltage, and supplies the comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit.
The target voltage has a voltage value corresponding to a forward bias voltage of the LED array to operate the LED array in a saturation area, and the second target voltage has a voltage value that is greater than the target voltage by a second reference voltage between 100 mV and 150 mV.
The feedback voltage is a voltage of a node to which the LED array and an LED driving unit are connected.
The first reference voltage is a preset voltage that is higher than the driving voltage supplied from the DC-DC converter to the LED array in a normal operation of the LED array.
The time controller includes an amplifier configured to output a difference between the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage, and an RS latch configured to receive a signal to acknowledge that the driving voltage is equal to the first reference voltage, as a set signal, receive an output of the amplifier as a reset signal, and output selection signals corresponding to inputs as set and reset signals.
The LED array includes a plurality of LED arrays and the comparison voltage generating unit further includes a voltage measurer configured to measure feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays and output a lowest one of the measured feedback voltages of the plurality of LEDs.
In accordance with a further illustrative example, there is provided a light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus including an LED array, an input unit configured to receive a dimming signal to drive the LED array, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit configured to generate a PWM signal according to a comparison voltage, a DC-DC converter configured to supply a driving voltage to the LED array based on the PWM signal, a comparison voltage generating unit configured to measure a feedback voltage of the LED array, supply a difference between the measured feedback voltage and a target voltage as the comparison voltage, and supply a second reference voltage to the PWM signal generating unit from a time when a driving voltage for an LED array is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage to a time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage, and an LED driving unit configured to adjust an amplitude of a driving current of the LED array by using the dimming signal and to supply the adjusted constant current to the LED array.
As described above, an LED driver apparatus according to an illustrative example, may supply a stable output voltage and a stable output current to an LED array at an initial driving.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus, according to an exemplary configuration;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed structure of a comparison voltage generating unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed structure of an LED driving unit of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 4 and 5 are graphs illustrating waveforms of a driving voltage and a driving current of an LED driver apparatus, according to an illustrative configuration; and
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating waveforms of a driving voltage and a driving current of a conventional LED driver apparatus.
The units described herein may be implemented using hardware components. The hardware components may include, for example, controllers, processors, generators, drivers, resistors, filters, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFETs), metal-insulator-semiconductor FET (MISFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductors (MOSs), and other equivalent electronic components.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a light-emitting diode (LED) driver apparatus 1000, according to an exemplary configuration.
Referring to FIG. 1, the LED driver apparatus 1000 includes an input unit 100, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating unit 200, a DC-DC converter 300, an LED driving unit 400, a plurality of LED arrays 500, and a comparison voltage generating unit 600.
The input unit 100 receives a dimming signal to drive the LED arrays 500. Examples of a digital dimming method generating the dimming signal for an LED array include a direct mode, a fixed phase mode, and a phase shift mode. In one example, the direct mode refers to a method of controlling a PWM frequency and an on duty through a packet assembler/disassembler (PAD). Also, the fixed phase mode and the phase shift mode may refer to methods of generating a PWM frequency in an integrated circuit (IC) and receiving only an on duty through the PAD to control the PWM frequency and the on duty. The dimming signal may refer to a signal to adjust a luminance, a color temperature, etc. of an LED or to compensate for a high temperature of the LED. In the present exemplary configuration, the direct mode, which receives the diming signal from an external device, is used. However, a mode such as the fixed phase mode and/or the phase shift mode may also be used.
The PWM signal generating unit 200 generates a PWM signal according to a comparison voltage. Specifically, the PWM signal generating unit 200 may generate a PWM signal, to control a level of a driving voltage of the DC-DC converter 300, and according to the comparison voltage generated by the comparison voltage generating unit 600. If a control signal is transmitted from the comparison voltage generating unit 600 to the DC-DC converter 300 to stop a voltage boosting operation, to be described later, the PWM signal generating unit 200 stops generating the PWM signal to stop the voltage boosting operation at the DC-DC converter 300.
The DC-DC converter 300 includes a transistor to perform a switching operation and supply a driving voltage to the LED arrays 500 through the switching operation of the transistor. For example, the DC-DC converter 300 converts a direct current (DC) voltage based on the PWM signal generated by the PWM signal generating unit 200 and supplies the converted DC voltage (i.e., the driving voltage) to the LED arrays 500. Here, the DC-DC converter 300 may supply the LED array 500 with a voltage or a target voltage corresponding to a forward bias voltage of the LED arrays 500 in order to operate the LED arrays 500 in a saturation area.
Based on the dimming signal, the LED driving unit 400 supplies a constant current to drive the LED arrays 500. In detail, the LED driving unit 400 adjusts an amplitude of a driving current of the LED arrays 500 by using the dimming signal and supplies the adjusted constant current or the driving current to the LED arrays 500. Detailed structure and operation of the LED driving unit 400 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.
The LED arrays 500 include a plurality of LEDs which are connected to one another in series and perform light-emitting operations. Although FIG. 1 and the description provided refer to a plurality of LED arrays 500 or LED arrays 500, one LED array may be used to embody, to control, and to perform the functions and configuration described herein with respect to the plurality of LED arrays 500 or LED arrays 500.
The comparison voltage generating unit 600 measures a feedback voltage from the LED array 500. The feedback voltage is a voltage of a node to which the LED arrays 500 and the LED driving unit 400 are connected. The comparison voltage generating unit 600 supplies a difference between the measured feedback voltage and a target voltage as a comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit 200. The comparison voltage generating unit 600 also supplies to the PWM signal generating unit 200 a second reference voltage as a comparison voltage for a transition time after an initial driving of the LED array 500. The transition time is measured from a time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage to a time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage. Here, the first reference voltage refers to a preset voltage that is higher than the driving voltage supplied from the DC-DC converter 300 to the LED arrays 500 in a normal operation of the LED arrays 500. For example, the first reference voltage is a maximum output voltage of the DC-DC converter 300. The second reference voltage, for example, is a voltage having a level between 100 mV and 150 mV. Levels of the first and second reference voltages may be changed in each system, and optimized voltage values may be selected as the first and second reference voltages through a test of a manufacturer.
The comparison voltage generating unit 600 supplies the PWM signal generating unit 200 with a control signal to stop a voltage boosting operation of the DC-DC converter 300 during the transition time; that is, from the time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to the first reference voltage to the time when the driving voltage reaches the target voltage.
As described above, the comparison voltage generating unit 600 generates a comparison voltage using a feedback voltage of one LED array. However, when the LED driver apparatus 1000 drives a plurality of LED arrays, the comparison voltage generating unit 600 may generate a comparison voltage by using lowest one of feedback voltages of the plurality of LED arrays. This will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.
As described above, the LED driver apparatus 1000, according to the present exemplary configuration, uses a second reference voltage at a transition time after an initial driving of an LED, and a comparison voltage as a difference between a feedback voltage and a target voltage. Therefore, a voltage applied to the LED array 500 immediately converges into the target voltage, thereby stabilizing a current flowing through the LED array 500.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed structure of a comparison voltage generating unit 600 as illustrated in FIG. 1.
Referring to FIG. 2, the comparison voltage generating unit 600 includes a voltage measurer 310, a target voltage generating unit 320, a multiplexer (MUX) 340, time controllers 330 and 350, and a comparator 360.
The voltage measurer 310 measures feedback voltages, for example FB1-FB4 as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, of a plurality of LED arrays and outputs a lowest one FB MIN of the measured feedback voltages. For example, the voltage measurer 310 measures feedback voltages of four LED arrays in FIG. 3, but may measure feedback voltages of three or five or more LED arrays. If the LED driver apparatus 1000 drives only one LED array, the voltage measurer 310 may be omitted.
The target voltage generating unit 320 generates a target voltage FB REF (FB Target) and a second target voltage FB REF UP (FB Target +ΔV). In one example, the target voltage has a voltage value corresponding to a forward bias voltage of the LED arrays 500 in order to operate the LED arrays 500 in a saturation area. The second target voltage has a voltage value that is greater than the target voltage by a second reference voltage between 100 mV and 150 mV.
The MUX 340 supplies the comparator 360 with the second target voltage and one of the feedback voltages output from the voltage measurer 310. In detail, the MUX 340 receives the second target voltage from the target voltage generating unit 320, receives the feedback voltage from the voltage measurer 310, receives a control signal Boost_off from the time controllers 330 and 350, and selectively outputs a signal FB AMP, which is either the second target voltage or the feedback voltage, according to the control signal Boost_off.
The time controllers 330 and 350 control the MUX 340 to supply the comparator 360 with the feedback voltage output from the voltage measurer 310 and to supply the comparator 360 with the second target voltage from a time when a driving voltage is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage VOVP to a time when the measured feedback voltage is less than or equal to the second target voltage. The signal OVPO in FIG. 2 indicates that the driving voltage is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage. Also, the time controllers 330 and 350 supply the PWM signal generating unit 200 with a control signal, which is a signal configured to stop a voltage boosting operation of the DC-DC converter 300 from the time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to the first reference voltage to the time when the measured feedback voltage is less than or equal to the second target voltage. The time controllers 330 and 350 may include an amplifier 330 and an RS latch 350.
The amplifier 330 outputs a difference between the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage. In detail, the amplifier 330 may be configured as an operational amplifier (OP-AMP). The amplifier 330 receives the measured feedback voltage from the voltage measurer 310 through a negative terminal of the OP-AMP, and receives the second target voltage generated by the target voltage generating unit 320 through a positive terminal of the OP-AMP. The amplifier 330 outputs the difference between the second target voltage and the measured feedback voltage to the comparator 360 which will be described later.
The RS latch 350 receives a signal, which is to acknowledge that the driving voltage is equal to the first reference voltage, as a set signal and receives an output of the amplifier 330 as a reset signal. The RS latch 350 outputs selection signals corresponding to inputs as the set and reset signals, as shown below in a truth table. The RS latch 350 is used in the present exemplary configuration but may be configured as another flip-flop having the same function.
0 0 Maintain
1 1 Forbid Setting
The comparator 360 compares the target voltage from the target voltage generating unit 320 with the second target voltage from the target voltage generating unit 320 or the feedback voltage output from the voltage measurer 310. As a result of the comparison, the comparator 360 outputs a difference between the generated target voltage and the second target voltage or the feedback voltage as a comparison voltage. For example, the comparator 360 receives the target voltage generated by the target voltage generating unit 320 and an output voltage of the MUX 340, generates the comparison voltage by determining difference between the target voltage and the output voltage, and supplies the comparison voltage to the PWM signal generating unit 200.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed structure of the LED driving unit 400 of FIG. 1.
Referring to FIG. 3, the LED driving unit 400 includes a comparator 410, a transistor 420, a resistor RS1, and a plurality of switching units 430, 440, 450, and 460.
The comparator 410 compares a voltage Vs of a common node, which the transistor 420 and the resistor RS1 commonly contact, with a preset comparison voltage VREF to control the transistor 420. In one example, the comparator 410 may be realized as an OP-AMP. When the comparator 410 is realized as the OP-AMP, the comparator 410 includes a positive terminal that receives the comparison voltage VREF, a negative terminal that receives the voltage Vs of the common node, and an output terminal that is connected to a gate of the transistor 420 through the first switch 430.
The transistor 420 performs a switching operation according to an output signal of the comparator 410 and connection states of the plurality of switching units 430, 440, 450, and 460. For example, the transistor 420 includes a drain which is connected to an end of the LED array 500, a source which is connected to the resistor RS1, and a gate which is connected to the output terminal of the comparator 410 through the first switch 430. In one instance, the transistor is configured using an n-MOS transistor, but may be realized by using another type of switching element.
The resistor RS1 includes an end that is connected to the source of the transistor 420 and another end that is grounded.
The plurality of switches 430, 440, 450, and 460 selectively supply the output signal of the comparator 410 to the transistor 420 according to a dimming signal.
In one configuration, the first switch 430 is disposed between the comparator 410 and the gate of the transistor 420. The first switch 430 is connected when the dimming signal is turned on, and is open when the dimming signal is turned off.
The second switch 440 is disposed between the common node, which the source of the transistor 420 and the resistor RS1 commonly contact, and the negative terminal of the comparator 410. The second switch 440 is connected when the dimming signal is turned on, and is open when the dimming signal is turned off.
The third switch 450 is disposed between the negative terminal of the comparator 410 and the output terminal of the comparator 410. The third switch 450 is open when the dimming signal is turned on, and is connected when the dimming signal is turned off.
The fourth switch 460 is disposed between the gate and a ground node of the transistor 420. The fourth switch 460 is open when the dimming signal is turned on, and is connected when the dimming signal is turned off.
Therefore, when the dimming signal is turned on, the first and second switches 430 and 440 are connected, and the third and fourth switches 450 and 460 are open. As a result, the comparator 410 compares the voltage Vs of the common node that the transistor 420 and the resistor RS1 with the preset comparison voltage VREF to control the transistor 420.
When the dimming signal is turned off, the first and second switches 430 and 440 are open, and the third and fourth switches 450 and 460 are connected. Therefore, the gate of the transistor 420 is connected to the ground node, and the transistor 420 cuts a supply of a constant current to the LED array 500.
FIGS. 4 and 5 are graphs illustrating waveforms of a driving voltage and a driving current of the LED driver apparatus 1000, according to an illustrative configuration.
Comparing the waveforms shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 with the waveforms shown in FIG. 6, according to an illustrative configuration, a driving voltage in the LED driver apparatus 1000 applied to the LED array 500 is stably changed into a target voltage after a time when the driving voltage is higher than or equal to a first reference voltage. Therefore, a constant current supplied to the LED array 500 is also stably maintained.
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