Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2012239696A/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-27 05:45:43
Document Index: 672132470

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 12', 'art 13', 'art 12', 'art 13', 'art 12', 'art 13', 'art 22', 'art 23', 'art 12', 'art 13']

JP2012239696A - Brain wave activation apparatus - Google Patents
Brain wave activation apparatus Download PDF
JP2012239696A
JP2012239696A JP2011113452A JP2011113452A JP2012239696A JP 2012239696 A JP2012239696 A JP 2012239696A JP 2011113452 A JP2011113452 A JP 2011113452A JP 2011113452 A JP2011113452 A JP 2011113452A JP 2012239696 A JP2012239696 A JP 2012239696A
JP2011113452A
悠策 中島
2011-05-20 Application filed by Sony Corp, ソニー株式会社 filed Critical Sony Corp
2011-05-20 Priority to JP2011113452A priority Critical patent/JP2012239696A/en
2012-12-10 Publication of JP2012239696A publication Critical patent/JP2012239696A/en
210000004556 Brain Anatomy 0 abstract title 9
230000000638 stimulation Effects 0 abstract 5
An electroencephalogram activation device capable of applying transcranial electrical stimulation according to the state of brain activity is provided. An electroencephalogram activation device according to the present technology includes an electroencephalogram acquisition unit, an electrical stimulation unit, And a control unit. The electroencephalogram acquisition unit acquires the user's electroencephalogram. The electrical stimulation unit applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the user's head surface. The control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit.
The present technology relates to an electroencephalogram activation device that activates an electroencephalogram by transcranial electrical stimulation.
An electroencephalogram (EEG) is an electrical activity that occurs in the brain of a living body (animals including humans), and various waveforms such as an α wave, a slow wave, and a sleep spindle wave appear depending on the state of the brain activity. That is, it is possible to determine the state of brain activity by measuring the electroencephalogram.
In recent years, research on “activation” that induces EEG by not only measuring EEG but also applying electrical stimulation to the subject's head has been progressing. Such electrical stimulation is called transcranial electrical stimulation (TES). Brain activity can be promoted or suppressed by inducing a desired electroencephalogram by activation, and can be used, for example, for improving memory ability or treating mental disorders.
For example, Non-Patent Document 1 enhances memory by amplifying θ waves (4-8 Hz) by applying transcranial slow oscillation stimulation (tSOS: 0.75 Hz) to the brain during non-sleeping. It describes what you can do. In addition, Non-Patent Document 2 can amplify sleep spindle waves by adding a transcranial application of oscillating potential (0.75 Hz) to the brain during sleep, and enhance long-term memory during sleep. Have been described.
Roumen Kirov, Carsten Weiss, Hartwig R. Siebner, Jan Born, and Lisa Marshall (2009) Slow oscillation electrical brain stimulation during waking promotes EEG theta activity and memory encoding, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106 (36) 15460 -15465 Marshall L, Helgadottir H, Molle M, Born J (2006) Boosting slow oscillations during sleep potentiates memory.Nature 444: 610-613.
However, all the techniques described in the above prior art documents are those in which an operator measures an electroencephalogram and applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the subject's head in accordance with the measured electroencephalogram. This is because in order for transcranial electrical stimulation to act effectively, it is necessary to apply it at an appropriate intensity and timing according to the state of brain activity appearing in the electroencephalogram. For this reason, it has been difficult to activate EEG personally and at home.
In view of the circumstances as described above, an object of the present technology is to provide an electroencephalogram activation device capable of applying transcranial electrical stimulation according to the state of brain activity.
In order to solve the above-described problem, an electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present technology includes an electroencephalogram acquisition unit, an electrical stimulation unit, and a control unit.
The brain wave acquisition unit acquires a user's brain wave.
The electrical stimulation unit applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the user's head surface.
The control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit.
The electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit includes an electroencephalogram activated by transcranial electrical stimulation applied by the electrical stimulation unit. Therefore, in the electroencephalogram activation device according to the present technology, the control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit, thereby applying transcranial electrical stimulation according to the state of the brain activity of the user. It becomes possible.
The electrical stimulation unit applies transcranial electrical stimulation of a specific frequency to the user's head surface, and the control unit adjusts the potential density in the frequency band of the electroencephalogram activated by the transcranial electrical stimulation of the specific frequency. Accordingly, the electrical stimulation unit may be controlled.
It has been found that the frequency of transcranial electrical stimulation and the frequency of the electroencephalogram activated by the transcranial electrical stimulation are different. For this reason, the potential density (electroencephalogram power) in the frequency band of the electroencephalogram activated by transcranial electrical stimulation directly reflects the effect of the activation. Therefore, the electroencephalogram activation device according to the present technology can apply more effective transcranial electrical stimulation when the control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit with reference to the potential density in the frequency band.
The control unit may determine a user's sleep stage from a characteristic waveform appearing in an electroencephalogram, and may control the electrical stimulation unit according to the sleep stage.
The sleep stage indicates the depth of sleep of the user, and can be determined from a characteristic waveform of an electroencephalogram. Here, when transcranial electrical stimulation is applied to a sleeping user, it is known that the effect of transcranial electrical stimulation differs depending on the user's sleep stage. Therefore, the electroencephalogram activation device according to the present technology can apply transcranial electrical stimulation at an effective timing by the control unit controlling the electrical stimulation unit according to the sleep stage of the user.
The brain wave acquisition unit includes a first electrode that contacts the user's head surface, a first amplifier that connects the first electrode to an input terminal, and a ground potential that contacts the user's head. The electrical stimulation unit includes a voltage source, a resistor connected to the voltage source, the resistor connected to an inverting input terminal, and the ground potential connected to a non-inverting input terminal. A second amplifier and a third electrode connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier and in contact with the head of the user, wherein the control unit is connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier. The electrical stimulation unit may be controlled based on an electroencephalogram that is a potential difference between the output of the first amplifier and the ground potential.
According to this configuration, the inverting amplification circuit is formed in the electrical stimulation unit, and it is possible that the transcranial electrical stimulation in the electrical stimulation unit does not affect the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit. Therefore, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to the present technology can simultaneously acquire an electroencephalogram and apply transcranial electrical stimulation.
The brain wave acquisition unit includes: a first electrode that contacts the user's head surface; an amplifier that connects the first electrode to an input terminal; and a second electrode that contacts a ground potential and contacts the user's head. The electrical stimulation unit includes a current source, a third electrode connected to the current source and in contact with the user's head surface, and connected to the current source and in contact with the user's head surface. And the control unit is connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier, and the electric control unit is based on an electroencephalogram that is a potential difference between the output of the first amplifier and the ground potential. May control
According to this configuration, there is a possibility that the electroencephalogram acquisition unit detects the transcranial electrical stimulation itself applied by the electrical stimulation unit in addition to the electroencephalogram. However, the control unit can refer to the potential density of the electroencephalogram in the frequency band activated by the transcranial electrical stimulation, and the potential density does not include the potential density of the transcranial electrical stimulation itself. Therefore, the control unit can control the electrical stimulation unit based on the electroencephalogram from which the influence of the transcranial electrical stimulation itself is excluded.
The electrical stimulation unit may apply slow oscillation as transcranial electrical stimulation, and the control unit may control the electrical stimulation unit according to a potential density of an electroencephalogram in a θ wave frequency band.
It is known that when slow oscillation (0.75 Hz) is applied as transcranial electrical stimulation, an electroencephalogram of θ wave (4 to 8 Hz) is activated. Therefore, in the electroencephalogram activation device according to the present technology, when the electrical stimulation unit applies slow oscillation, the control unit effectively uses the potential density of the electroencephalogram in the frequency band of the θ wave for control, so that transcranial electrical stimulation ( slow oscillation) can be applied.
The control unit applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the electrical stimulation unit when the sleep stage is stage 2, and applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the electrical stimulation unit when the sleep stage is other than stage 2. You don't have to.
It is known that when transcranial electrical stimulation is applied when the user's sleep stage is stage 2, the transition from short-term memory to long-term memory is promoted. Therefore, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to the present technology applies transcranial electrical stimulation at an effective timing by applying the transcranial electrical stimulation only when the control unit determines that the user's sleep stage is stage 2. It is possible to apply.
As described above, according to the present technology, it is possible to provide an electroencephalogram activation device that can apply transcranial electrical stimulation according to the state of brain activity.
It is a block diagram which shows the functional structure of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the example of the electric potential density of an electroencephalogram. It is a graph which shows the example of the change of the electric potential density in each position of a user's head surface. It is a graph which shows the example of the change of the electric potential density in each position of a user's head surface. It is a schematic diagram which shows the circuit structure of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a table | surface which shows the operation | movement of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and the function of each electrode. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the circuit structure of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
The electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described.
<Functional configuration of electroencephalogram activation device>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 includes an electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11, a control unit 12, and an electrical stimulation unit 13. The electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 is connected to the control unit 12, and the control unit 12 is connected to the electrical stimulation unit 13.
The electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 acquires the user's brain wave as a waveform of a potential with respect to time via an electrode that contacts the user's head surface (the surface of the head). The electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 outputs the acquired electroencephalogram to the control unit 12.
The control unit 12 controls the electrical stimulation unit 13 based on the electroencephalogram supplied from the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11. Specifically, the control unit 12 can perform predetermined analysis processing (described later) on the electroencephalogram, and can control the electrical stimulation unit 13 using the analysis result.
The electrical stimulation unit 13 applies Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (TES) to the user's head surface via an electrode that contacts the user's head surface. TES is a flow of a weak current (about several mA) from the user's head surface to the user's brain through the skull (cranium). There are various types of TES such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which is a direct current, and transcranial alternate current stimulation (tACS), which is an alternating current. This embodiment can be applied to both tDCS and tACS.
The TES applied to the user's head surface by the electrical stimulation unit 13 is set to a predetermined frequency. This frequency is determined according to the electroencephalogram to be activated (induction of electroencephalogram). For example, it has been demonstrated that by applying a TES having a slow oscillation (0.75 Hz), an electroencephalogram of a θ wave (4 to 8 Hz) is activated. In addition to this, when the relationship between the frequency of the TES and the frequency of the electroencephalogram to be activated is known, the electrical stimulation unit 13 can be set to apply the TES of that frequency. Note that the frequency of TES is an alternating frequency in the case of tACS, and can be a frequency of a direct current pulse in the case of tDCS.
The electrical stimulation unit 13 is controlled by the control unit 12 with respect to the TES application mode, for example, the TES current value and stimulation timing. Since the control unit 12 controls the electrical stimulation unit 13 based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 as described above, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 applies TES according to the state of the brain activity of the user. It is possible.
<Control by the control unit>
As described above, the control unit 12 can perform a predetermined analysis process on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 and control the electrical stimulation unit 13 using the analysis result. Specifically, the control unit 12 can calculate the “potential density” of the electroencephalogram and control the electrical stimulation unit 13 using the potential density.
The potential density can be obtained by performing fast Fourier transform on the electroencephalogram, and indicates the electroencephalogram power (electroencephalogram power) included in a predetermined frequency band. FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the potential density (μV 2 ) of the electroencephalogram in the predetermined frequency band calculated by the control unit 12. Assume that the potential density of the electroencephalogram in a certain frequency band is P1 shown in FIG. 2 in a state where no TES is applied, and the potential density of the electroencephalogram in the same frequency band becomes P2 by applying TES. In this case, the difference P2-P1 corresponds to the potential density of the electroencephalogram activated by TES.
Here, the control part 12 shall calculate the electrical potential density of the electroencephalogram of the frequency band activated by TES which the electrical stimulation part 13 applies to a user's head surface. For example, in the above example, when the frequency of the TES applied by the electrical stimulation unit 13 is 0.75 Hz, the potential density of brain waves of 4 to 8 Hz can be calculated. Thereby, the control part 12 can grasp | ascertain directly the effect of the activation by TES, and can feed it back to the electrical stimulation part 13. FIG.
3 and 4 are graphs showing examples of changes in potential density at each position on the user's head. 3 and 4 show the potential density in a state where no TES is applied (no TES application) and in a state where a TES of 0.75 Hz is applied (TES application). FIG. 3 shows the brain wave potential density of 0.75 Hz (slow oscillation), and FIG. 4 shows the brain wave potential density of 4 to 8 Hz (θ wave).
As shown in FIG. 3, when the frequency for calculating the potential density is 0.75 Hz, which is the same as TES, the difference in potential density is small when TES is applied and when it is not applied. This indicates that the electroencephalogram activated by TES at 0.75 Hz has little (or no) component at 0.75 Hz. In addition, since the frequency for calculating the potential density is 0.75 Hz, which is the same as the TES frequency, TES itself may be detected.
On the other hand, when the frequency band for calculating the potential density is 4 to 8 Hz as shown in FIG. 4, there is a difference in potential density when TES is applied and when it is not applied. This indicates that the 4 to 8 Hz electroencephalogram is activated by the 0.75 Hz TES. Further, since the frequency band for calculating the potential density does not include 0.75 Hz which is the frequency of TES, this potential density does not include TES itself.
That is, when the control unit 12 calculates the potential density in the frequency band of the electroencephalogram activated by TES, it is possible to regard the change in the potential density as a result of activation. Therefore, for example, the control unit 12 sets a threshold value of the potential density, strengthens the TES when the calculated potential density difference (P2-P1) is smaller than the threshold value, and weakens the TES when larger than the threshold value, or The electrical stimulation unit 13 can be controlled to be stopped.
Thus, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 can apply a more effective TES to the user by referring to the potential density in the frequency band activated by the TES.
Moreover, the control part 12 shall determine a "sleep stage" from an electroencephalogram, and shall control the electrical stimulation part 13 according to the sleep stage. The sleep stage is a general one in the field related to sleep as indicating the degree of human sleep, and includes “REM sleep”, “NON-REM sleep stage 1”, “NON-REM sleep stage 2”, “NON-REM sleep stage 3”. “Non-REM sleep stage 4”. The sleep stage can be determined using an electroencephalogram or using eye movement (EOG: electrooculogram), electromyogram (EMG), or the like as necessary.
Here, it is possible to activate the “sleep spindle wave” by applying TES when the user is in the stage 2 sleep state. Sleep spindles are a type of electroencephalogram waveform, and it is known that the more sleep spindles there are, the more effective is memory enhancement (promotion of transition from short-term memory to long-term memory). Therefore, when the control unit 12 determines the sleep stage from the electroencephalogram and the TES is applied from the electrical stimulation unit 3 when the sleep stage is the stage 2, activation can be performed at an effective timing. .
In addition to this, the control unit 12 controls the electrical stimulation unit 3 to apply TES or not to apply TES in a predetermined sleep stage for the purpose of effects other than memory enhancement, for example, stabilization of sleep. It is possible. Thus, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 can adjust the application timing of the TES according to the sleep stage, and can apply more effective TES to the user.
<Circuit configuration of EEG activation device>
A circuit configuration of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1.
The electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 includes a first electrode 111, a second electrode 112, and a first amplifier 113. The first electrode 111 is connected to the input terminal of the first amplifier 113, and the output terminal of the first amplifier 113 is connected to the control unit 12. The second electrode 112 is connected to the ground potential of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as the ground potential).
The first electrode 111 is electrically connected to the user's head. The first electrode 111 is an electrode that functions as a reference electrode for electroencephalogram measurement, and can be in contact with a position effective for electroencephalogram measurement on the user's head surface, for example, the top of the head.
The second electrode 112 is electrically connected to the user's head. The second electrode 112 is an electrode that functions as a reference electrode for the electroencephalogram measurement, and can be in contact with a highly conductive position on the user's head surface, for example, the forehead.
The first amplifier 113 amplifies the output (potential difference with respect to the ground potential) of the first electrode 111 input to the input terminal and outputs the amplified output from the output terminal. The first amplifier 113 can be an arbitrary amplifier composed of a transistor or the like.
With this configuration, the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 amplifies the potential difference between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 by the first amplifier 113 and outputs the amplified potential difference to the control unit 12. Note that the number of the first electrodes 111 and the second electrodes 112 is not limited to one each, and a plurality may be arranged.
The electrical stimulation unit 13 includes a third electrode 131, a voltage source 132, a resistor 133, and a second amplifier 134.
And a changeover switch 135. The third electrode 131 is connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier 134. The voltage source 132 is connected to the resistor 133, and the resistor 133 is connected to the inverting input terminal (−) of the second amplifier 134. The non-inverting input terminal (+) of the second amplifier 134 is connected to the ground potential. The changeover switch 135 is connected between the resistor 133 and the second amplifier 134, and further connected between the first electrode 111 of the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 and the first amplifier 113.
The third electrode 131 is electrically connected to the user's head. The third electrode 131 is an electrode that functions as a TES reference electrode, and can be in contact with a position suitable for application of TES on the user's head surface.
The voltage source 132 is a voltage source that generates an activation voltage. The voltage source 132 can be an AC voltage source or a DC voltage source.
Although details will be described later, the resistance 133 can prevent the electrostimulation unit 13 from affecting the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 when the resistance value is sufficiently large. The resistance value of the resistor 133 can be set to 100 MΩ or more, for example.
The second amplifier 134 is an operational amplifier, and constitutes an inverting amplifier circuit when the changeover switch 135 is ON. Details of the inverting amplifier circuit will be described later.
The changeover switch 135 connects the resistor 133 and the second amplifier 134 and the first electrode 111 and the first amplifier 113 so that they can be opened and closed. When the changeover switch 135 is ON, an inverting amplification circuit is formed by the second amplifier 134 as described above. When the changeover switch 135 is OFF, the electrical stimulation unit 13 is disconnected from the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11.
With such a configuration, the electrical stimulation unit 13 causes a current to flow between the third electrode 131 and the first electrode 111, that is, applies TES to the user's head surface. The number of third electrodes 131 is not limited to one, and a plurality of third electrodes 131 may be arranged.
The control unit 12 is connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier 113 of the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 and controls the opening / closing of the changeover switch 135 according to the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11. The control unit 12 can be a microprocessor, for example.
The electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 can have the above circuit configuration. Next, the operation of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 having the above circuit configuration will be described. FIG. 6 is a table showing the operation of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 and the function of each electrode.
First, when the changeover switch 135 is OFF, the first electrode 111 functions as a reference electrode and the second electrode 112 functions as a reference electrode, and a potential difference between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 is supplied to the first amplifier 113. Is done. The first amplifier 113 amplifies the potential difference and outputs it to the control unit 12. That is, an electroencephalogram is acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11. Since the changeover switch 135 is OFF, no current flows through the electrical stimulation unit 13 and no TES is generated.
Next, when the changeover switch 135 is ON, the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 acquires an electroencephalogram as described above. In the electrical stimulation unit 13, an inverting amplifier circuit is formed by the voltage source 132, the resistor 133, the second amplifier 134, the third electrode 131, and the first electrode 111.
In the inverting amplifier circuit, the second amplifier 134 operates so that the potential difference between the non-inverting input terminal (+) and the inverting input terminal (−) becomes zero. Thereby, the first electrode 111 connected to the inverting input terminal is kept at the ground potential. The current supplied by the voltage source 132 passes through the resistor 133 and flows from the first electrode 111 (reference electrode; ground potential) to the third electrode 131 (reference electrode; negative potential). Since the first electrode 111 and the third electrode 131 are respectively connected to the user's head surface, the current is a current flowing through the user's brain, that is, TES. This current is determined by the voltage of the voltage source 132 and the resistance value of the resistor 133, and becomes a constant value regardless of the resistance of the user's head (resistance between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 131).
As described above, the inverting amplifier circuit maintains the first electrode 111 at the ground potential, and a constant current flows from the first electrode 111 to the third electrode 131 regardless of the resistance of the user's head. Therefore, according to this circuit configuration, the TES (the first electrode 111 and the third electrode) having the set intensity is not affected without affecting the measured electroencephalogram (the potential difference between the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112). 131) can be applied.
In the circuit configuration described above, the potential difference between the first electrode 111 (reference electrode) and the second electrode 112 (reference electrode) when the changeover switch 135 is ON is such that each electrode is reliably connected to the user's head. It can be used for resistance measurement indicating whether or not
The electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 can have the above circuit configuration. In the above circuit configuration, based on the brain wave acquired by the brain wave acquisition unit 11, the control unit 12 applies TES by turning the changeover switch 135 on and off using, for example, the above-described analysis processing and sleep stage determination. The timing can be adjusted. The control unit 12 can also control the voltage source 132 in addition to the changeover switch 135 to adjust the intensity and frequency of the TES.
<Device configuration of electroencephalogram activation device>
The apparatus configuration of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 will be described. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1. As shown in the figure, the electroencephalogram activation device 1 is a headgear that can be worn on the user's head, and can be constituted by a support portion 14 and a housing 15. In addition, the structure of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 is not restricted to what is shown here.
The support unit 14 is a member for fixing the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 to the user's head, and is provided with the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 described above. Each of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 is provided at a predetermined position, for example, the first electrode 111 is provided at the top of the user's head, and the second electrode 112 is provided at a position in contact with the user's forehead. The third electrode 131 is connected to the support portion 14 with a cord so that the user can place the third electrode 131 at an arbitrary position on the head surface.
The housing 15 houses the first amplifier 113, the control unit 12, the second amplifier 134, and the voltage source 132, which are various electronic circuits of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1. These electronic circuits are connected to the respective electrodes as shown in FIG. 5 by wiring (not shown) provided on the support portion 14. The housing 15 may accommodate a storage device that stores the electroencephalogram measurement results, TES application records, and the like, a wireless communication device that communicates with an external device, and the like. The control unit 12 may be mounted on an external device, and in that case, the control unit 12 can be connected to the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11 and the electrical stimulation unit 13 by a wireless communication device.
In addition, the electroencephalogram activation device 1 may be provided with an eye movement electrode 16. The eye movement electrode 16 is an electrode for acquiring eye movement (EOG) that is referred to together with the brain wave when the control unit 12 determines the sleep stage, or is arranged in the left and right temples of the user. can do. The eye movement electrode 16 is connected to the control unit 12 by a wiring (not shown), and supplies the measurement result of the eye movement to the control unit 12.
As described above, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can be mounted on one headgear, and the user can use the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 by wearing the headgear. Become.
<Effect of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to the present embodiment>
In the electroencephalogram activation device 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 12 controls the electrical stimulation unit 13 based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 11, and therefore applies an effective TES according to the brain activity of the user. It is possible.
In particular, in the electroencephalogram activation device 1, the control unit 12 can directly grasp the effect of TES by referring to the potential density in the frequency band activated by TES, and more effective TES can be applied. Is possible.
Furthermore, in the electroencephalogram activation device 1, the control unit 12 determines the sleep stage from the electroencephalogram, and controls the electrical stimulation unit 13 according to the sleep stage, so that TES can be applied at an effective timing.
Such an electroencephalogram activation device 1 can be realized by the above circuit configuration. According to this circuit configuration, it is possible to apply a TES having a set intensity without affecting the measured electroencephalogram.
As described above, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can apply TES according to the state of the brain activity of the user.
An electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is omitted. The electroencephalogram activation apparatus according to this embodiment is different from the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment in circuit configuration and apparatus configuration.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment. As shown in the figure, the electroencephalogram activation device 2 includes an electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21, a control unit 22, and an electrical stimulation unit 23. The functional configurations of the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21, the control unit 22, and the electrical stimulation unit 23 are the same as those described in the first embodiment.
The electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21 includes a first electrode 211, a second electrode 212, and an amplifier 213. The first electrode 211 is connected to the input terminal of the amplifier 213, and the output terminal of the amplifier 213 is connected to the control unit 12. The second electrode 212 is connected to the ground potential of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2.
The first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the user's head. The first electrode 211 is an electrode that functions as a reference electrode when measuring an electroencephalogram, and can be in contact with an effective position on the head surface of the user, for example, the top of the head.
The second electrode 212 is electrically connected to the user's head. The second electrode 212 is an electrode that functions as a reference electrode in the electroencephalogram measurement, and can be in contact with a highly conductive position on the user's head surface, for example, the forehead.
The amplifier 213 amplifies the output (potential difference with respect to the ground potential) of the first electrode 211 input to the input terminal, and outputs the amplified output from the output terminal. The amplifier 213 can be any amplifier composed of a transistor or the like.
With this configuration, the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21 amplifies the potential difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 212 by the amplifier 213 and outputs the amplified potential difference to the control unit 22. Note that the number of the first electrodes 211 and the second electrodes 212 is not limited to one each, and a plurality of them may be arranged.
The electrical stimulation unit 23 includes a third electrode 231, a fourth electrode 232, and a current source 233. The third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232 are connected to the current source 233.
The third electrode 231 is electrically connected to the user's head. The third electrode 231 is an electrode for flowing a current that becomes a TES between the fourth electrode 232 and can be in contact with a position suitable for application of TES on the head surface of the user.
The fourth electrode 232 is electrically connected to the user's head. The 4th electrode 232 is an electrode for flowing the electric current used as TES between the 3rd electrode 231, and can contact the position suitable for application of TES on a user's head surface.
The current source 233 applies a current that becomes TES between the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232. The current source 233 can be an alternating current source or a direct current source.
With such a configuration, the electrical stimulation unit 23 causes a current to flow between the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232, that is, applies TES to the user's head. The third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 241 are not limited to one each, and a plurality may be arranged.
The control unit 22 is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier 213 of the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21 and controls the current source 233 according to the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21.
In the circuit configuration as described above, when the acquisition of the electroencephalogram by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21 and the application of TES by the electrical stimulation unit 23 are performed simultaneously, the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21 may detect TES itself in addition to the electroencephalogram. is there. However, the control unit 22 can refer to the potential density of the electroencephalogram in the frequency band activated by the TES (different from the frequency of the TES), and the potential density does not include the potential density of the TES itself. Therefore, the control part 22 can control the electrical stimulation part 23 based on the electroencephalogram from which the influence by TES itself was excluded.
The apparatus configuration of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 will be described. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2. As shown in the figure, the electroencephalogram activation device 2 is a headgear that can be worn on the user's head, and can be constituted by a support portion 24 and a housing 25. In addition, the structure of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 is not restricted to what is shown here.
The support unit 24 is a member for fixing the electroencephalogram activation device 2 to the user's head, and is provided with the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 212 described above. Each of the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 212 is provided at a predetermined position, for example, the first electrode 211 is provided at the top of the user's head, and the second electrode 212 is provided at a position in contact with the user's forehead. Further, the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232 are connected to the support portion 24 by a cord so that the user can place the third electrode 231 and the fourth electrode 232 at an arbitrary position on the head surface.
The housing 25 houses an amplifier 213, a current source 233, and a control unit 22 that are various electronic circuits of the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2. These electronic circuits are connected to the respective electrodes as shown in FIG. 8 by wiring (not shown) provided in the support portion 24. The housing 25 may accommodate a storage device that stores an electroencephalogram measurement result, an application record of TES, a wireless communication device that communicates with an external device, and the like. Note that the control unit 22 may be mounted on an external device, and in that case, the control unit 22 may be connected to the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21 and the electrical stimulation unit 23 by a wireless communication device.
Further, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 may be provided with an eye movement electrode 26. The eye movement electrode 26 is an electrode for acquiring eye movement (EOG) that is referred to together with the brain wave when the control unit 22 determines the sleep stage, or is arranged in the left and right temples of the user. can do. The eye movement electrode 26 is connected to the control unit 22 by a wiring (not shown), and supplies the measurement result of the eye movement to the control unit 22.
As described above, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment can be mounted on one headgear, and the user can use the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 by wearing the headgear. Become.
In the electroencephalogram activation device 2 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 22 controls the electrical stimulation unit 23 based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit 21, and therefore applies an effective TES according to the brain activity of the user. It is possible.
In particular, in the electroencephalogram activation device 2, the control unit 22 can directly grasp the effect of TES by referring to the potential density in the frequency band activated by TES, and more effective TES can be applied. Is possible. Moreover, even if the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 detects the TES itself in addition to the electroencephalogram, it is possible to control the electrical stimulation unit 23 based on the electroencephalogram from which the influence of the TES itself has been eliminated. It is.
As described above, the electroencephalogram activation apparatus 2 according to the present embodiment can apply TES according to the state of the brain activity of the user.
The present technology is not limited only to this embodiment, and can be changed without departing from the gist of the present technology.
An electroencephalogram acquisition unit for acquiring the user's electroencephalogram,
An electrical stimulation unit for applying transcranial electrical stimulation to the user's head surface;
An electroencephalogram activation apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls the electrical stimulation unit based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to (1) above,
The electrical stimulation unit applies transcranial electrical stimulation of a specific frequency to the user's head surface,
The control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit according to a potential density in a frequency band of an electroencephalogram activated by transcranial electrical stimulation at the specific frequency.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to (1) or (2) above,
The control unit determines a user's sleep stage from a characteristic waveform appearing in an electroencephalogram, and controls the electrical stimulation unit according to the sleep stage.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to any one of (1) to (3) above,
The brain wave acquisition unit includes a first electrode that contacts the user's head surface, a first amplifier that connects the first electrode to an input terminal, and a ground potential that contacts the user's head. A second electrode that
The electrical stimulation unit includes a voltage source, a resistor connected to the voltage source, a second amplifier in which the resistor is connected to an inverting input terminal and the ground potential is connected to a non-inverting input terminal, and the second amplifier. A third electrode connected to the output terminal of the amplifier and contacting the user's head,
The control unit is connected to an output terminal of the first amplifier, and controls the electrical stimulation unit based on an electroencephalogram that is a potential difference between an output of the first amplifier and the ground potential.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to any one of (1) to (4) above,
The brain wave acquisition unit includes: a first electrode that contacts the user's head surface; an amplifier that connects the first electrode to an input terminal; and a second electrode that contacts a ground potential and contacts the user's head. And an electrode of
The electrical stimulation unit includes a current source, a third electrode connected to the current source and in contact with the user's head surface, and a fourth electrode connected to the current source and in contact with the user's head surface. Have
The controller is connected to an output terminal of the first amplifier, and controls the electric controller based on an electroencephalogram that is a potential difference between the output of the first amplifier and the ground potential.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to any one of (1) to (5) above,
The electrical stimulation unit applies slow oscillation as transcranial electrical stimulation,
The above-mentioned control part controls the above-mentioned electric stimulation part according to the potential density of the electroencephalogram in the frequency band of the θ wave.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to any one of (1) to (6) above,
The control unit applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the electrical stimulation unit when the sleep stage is stage 2, and applies transcranial electrical stimulation to the electrical stimulation unit when the sleep stage is other than stage 2. No electroencephalogram activation device.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... EEG activation apparatus 11, 21 ... EEG acquisition part 12, 22 ... Control part 13, 23 ... Electrical stimulation part
An electroencephalogram activation device comprising: a control unit that controls the electrical stimulation unit based on the electroencephalogram acquired by the electroencephalogram acquisition unit.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to claim 1,
The control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit according to a potential density in a frequency band of an electroencephalogram activated by transcranial electrical stimulation of the specific frequency.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to claim 2,
The said control part determines a user's sleep stage from the characteristic waveform which appears in an electroencephalogram, and controls the said electrical stimulation part according to the said sleep stage.
The electroencephalogram activation device according to claim 3,
The electrical stimulation unit includes a voltage source, a resistor connected to the voltage source, a second amplifier in which the resistor is connected to an inverting input terminal and the ground potential is connected to a non-inverting input terminal, and the second amplifier A third electrode connected to the output terminal of the amplifier and contacting the user's head,
The controller is connected to an output terminal of the first amplifier, and controls the electrical stimulation unit based on an electroencephalogram that is a potential difference between the output of the first amplifier and the ground potential.
The electroencephalogram acquisition unit includes: a first electrode that contacts the user's head surface; an amplifier that connects the first electrode to an input terminal; and a second electrode that contacts a ground potential and contacts the user's head. And an electrode of
The controller is connected to an output terminal of the first amplifier, and controls the electrical controller based on an electroencephalogram that is a potential difference between the output of the first amplifier and the ground potential.
The control unit controls the electrical stimulation unit according to the potential density of the electroencephalogram in the frequency band of the θ wave.
JP2011113452A 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 Brain wave activation apparatus Withdrawn JP2012239696A (en)
JP2011113452A JP2012239696A (en) 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 Brain wave activation apparatus
EP12002324.7A EP2524649A3 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-03-30 Electroencephalogram activation apparatus
US13/468,366 US8660650B2 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-05-10 Electroencephalogram activation apparatus
CN201210147604XA CN102783948A (en) 2011-05-20 2012-05-11 Electroencephalogram activation apparatus
JP2012239696A true JP2012239696A (en) 2012-12-10
ID=45992009
JP2011113452A Withdrawn JP2012239696A (en) 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 Brain wave activation apparatus
US (1) US8660650B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2524649A3 (en)
JP (1) JP2012239696A (en)
CN (1) CN102783948A (en)
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2012-03-30 EP EP12002324.7A patent/EP2524649A3/en active Pending
2012-05-10 US US13/468,366 patent/US8660650B2/en active Active
2012-05-11 CN CN201210147604XA patent/CN102783948A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN102783948A (en) 2012-11-21
EP2524649A3 (en) 2017-01-04
US20120296390A1 (en) 2012-11-22
US8660650B2 (en) 2014-02-25
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