Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8183588B2/en
Timestamp: 2018-03-23 17:48:16
Document Index: 574204262

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 05797533', 'Application No. 2007', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10']

US8183588B2 - High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface - Google Patents
High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface Download PDF
US8183588B2
US8183588B2 US12401843 US40184309A US8183588B2 US 8183588 B2 US8183588 B2 US 8183588B2 US 12401843 US12401843 US 12401843 US 40184309 A US40184309 A US 40184309A US 8183588 B2 US8183588 B2 US 8183588B2
US12401843
US20090242918A1 (en )
A light emitting diode is disclosed that includes a conductive substrate, a bonding metal on the conductive substrate and a barrier metal layer on the bonding metal. A mirror layer is encapsulated by the barrier metal layer and is isolated from the bonding metal by the barrier layer. A p-type gallium nitride epitaxial layer is on the encapsulated mirror, an indium gallium nitride active layer is on the p-type layer, and an n-type gallium nitride layer is on the indium gallium nitride layer, and a bond pad is made to the n-type gallium nitride layer.
This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 11/082,470 filed Mar. 17, 2005 for “High Efficiency Group III Nitride LED with Lenticular Surface,” and now published as No. 20060060874. Ser. No. 11/082,470 is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 10/951,042 filed Sep. 22, 2004 for “High Efficiency Group III Nitride Silicon Carbide Light Emitting Diode,” and now U.S. Pat. No. 7,259,402. The contents of No. 20060060874 and of U.S. Pat. No. 7,259,402 are incorporated entirely herein by reference.
This application is also related to the following copending and commonly assigned U.S. applications: Ser. No. 10/811,350 filed on Mar. 26, 2004 for, “Etching of Substrates of Light Emitting Devices,” and now U.S. Pat. No. 7,202,181; Ser. No. 60/591,353 filed on Jul. 27, 2004 for, “Ultra-Thin Ohmic Contacts for P-Type Nitride Light Emitting Devices,” and now published as No. 20060046328; and Ser. No. 60/639,705 filed Dec. 28, 2004 for, “Ultra-Thin Ohmic Contacts for P-Type Nitride Light Emitting Devices,” now published as No. 20060046328. The contents of each of these are incorporated entirely herein by reference.
For several reasons, the Group III nitride compositions (i.e., Group III of the periodic table), particularly GaN, A;GaN, InGaN and AlInGaN are particularly useful for LEDs that emit in the ultraviolet (UV) through green portions of the spectrum. As one advantage, they are “direct” bandgap materials, meaning that when an electron transition occurs across the bandgap, much of the energy is emitted as light. By comparison, “indirect” materials (such as silicon carbide) emit their energy partially as light (a photon) and predominantly as vibrational energy (a phonon). Thus Group III nitrides offer efficiency advantages over indirect transition materials.
As another advantage, the bandgap of ternary and quaternary Group III materials (e.g., AlGaN, InGaN, and AlInGaN) depends upon the atomic fraction of the included Group III elements. Thus the wavelength (color) of the emission can be tailored (within limits) by controlling the atomic fraction of each Group III element in a ternary or quaternary nitride.
As a result, many conventional light emitting diode mounting techniques are too difficult, too unreliable or simply unavailable for inverted Group III nitride silicon carbide devices. Other specific techniques (e.g., copending application Ser. No. 10/840,463 filed May 5, 2004 should or must be incorporated to avoid these problems.
FIG. 1 also illustrates that in several embodiments, the diode will include both p-type and n-type layers of Group III nitride for current injection across the p-n injunction and encouraging the recombination of carriers in the light emitting layer 22. FIG. 1 illustrates such layers as an n-type layer 27 and a p-type layer 26. Accordingly, FIG. 1 shows three Group III nitride layers (22, 26, and 27) but in some embodiments (not illustrated) only one p-type layer and one n-type layer are included.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing actual examples of some of the features that were illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1-4.
a submount structure;
a bonding metal on said submount structure;
a barrier metal layer on said bonding metal;
an ohmic mirror layer encapsulated by said barrier metal layer;
an epitaxial light emitting region on said encapsulated mirror; and
a lenticular surface at least partially on said epitaxial light emitting region wherein said lenticular surface comprises silicon carbide.
2. A light emitting diode according to claim 1, said epitaxial light emitting region comprising:
a p-type gallium nitride epitaxial layer;
an indium gallium nitride active layer on said p-type layer;
an n-type gallium nitride layer on said indium gallium nitride layer; and
a bond pad to said n-type gallium nitride layer.
3. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 wherein said ohmic mirror layer comprises a reflective metal layer and an ohmic metal layer.
4. A light emitting diode according to claim 3 wherein said reflective metal layer includes silver and said ohmic metal layer includes platinum.
5. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 comprising a plurality of barrier metal layers on said bonding metal.
6. A light emitting diode according to claim 2 wherein said barrier metal layer is selected from the group consisting of titanium, tungsten, tin and combinations and alloys of these metals.
7. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 wherein said active layer is in a mesa that includes a passivation layer that covers otherwise exposed portions of said mirror, said barrier metal and said bonding metal layer.
8. A light emitting diode according to claim 7 wherein said passivation layer is selected from the group consisting of stoichiometric silicon nitride, non-stoichiometric silicon nitride, and silicon dioxide.
9. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 wherein said bonding metal layer is selected from the group consisting of gold, tin and eutectic mixtures of gold and tin.
10. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 wherein said submount is selected from the group consisting of silicon, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide and copper tungsten.
11. A light emitting diode according to claim 2 wherein said bond pad includes an ohmic contact to said n-type gallium nitride layer.
12. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 further comprising an ohmic contact to said submount.
13. A light emitting diode according to claim 12 having a total dimension between and including said ohmic contacts of no more than 150 microns.
14. A light emitting diode according to claim 1 further comprising a phosphor-containing structure adjacent said n-type gallium nitride layer for converting emissions from said light emitting region into frequencies that will produce white light.
15. A light emitting diode according to claim 10 wherein said submount comprises single crystal silicon carbide and said silicon carbide has a polytype selected from the 3C, 4H, 6H and 15R polytypes of silicon carbide.
US12401843 2004-09-22 2009-03-11 High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface Active 2025-03-02 US8183588B2 (en)
US11082470 Continuation US8174037B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2005-03-17 High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
US20090242918A1 true US20090242918A1 (en) 2009-10-01
US8183588B2 true US8183588B2 (en) 2012-05-22
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US11082470 Active 2025-12-01 US8174037B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2005-03-17 High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
US12401843 Active 2025-03-02 US8183588B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2009-03-11 High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
US12401832 Active US8154039B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2009-03-11 High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
US13188361 Active 2025-01-12 US8692267B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2011-07-21 High efficiency Group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
US14183955 Active US8878209B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2014-02-19 High efficiency group III nitride LED with lenticular surface
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