Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6526160?dq=6011510
Timestamp: 2015-01-29 19:02:28
Document Index: 541805642

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 13', 'arts 110', 'art 111', 'art 112', 'art 111', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'arts 4', 'art 13', 'art 9']

Patent US6526160 - Iris information acquisition apparatus and iris identification apparatus - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsAn iris recognition system capable of remarkably reducing time taking from an image pickup of an iris image to generation of an iris code and of simplifying the construction is implemented. A sensor 10 comprises a group of pixels arranged in polar coordinates. An iris image is controlled so that the...http://www.google.com/patents/US6526160?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6526160 - Iris information acquisition apparatus and iris identification apparatusAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6526160 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/350,142Publication dateFeb 25, 2003Filing dateJul 9, 1999Priority dateJul 17, 1998Fee statusPaidAlso published asDE69938324D1, DE69938324T2, EP0973122A2, EP0973122A3, EP0973122B1, EP0973122B8Publication number09350142, 350142, US 6526160 B1, US 6526160B1, US-B1-6526160, US6526160 B1, US6526160B1InventorsHaruo ItoOriginal AssigneeMedia Technology CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (11), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (75), Classifications (14), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetIris information acquisition apparatus and iris identification apparatusUS 6526160 B1Abstract An iris recognition system capable of remarkably reducing time taking from an image pickup of an iris image to generation of an iris code and of simplifying the construction is implemented. A sensor 10 comprises a group of pixels arranged in polar coordinates. An iris image is controlled so that the iris image is correctly formed on the sensor 10, particularly, the center of the iris image matches. The inner and outer diameters of the iris are detected according to the iris image formed on the sensor 10, and the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter in the radial direction is detected. The number i of pixels of each ring in the case of division into the predetermined number of concentric ring bands is calculated according to the difference. A weighted mean processing part 13 performs a weighted mean operation according to the number i of pixels. A band-pass filter 15 performs a processing in the tangential and radial directions of feature extraction of the iris image of each ring band and generates the iris code with a binary format formed by a binary circuit 16. Images(16) Claims(64)
What is claimed is: 1. An iris information sensor comprising:
an image pickup sensor having a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; a focuser that focuses image light from an iris region of an eye on the image pickup sensor so that the center of an iris image formed on the sensor substantially matches with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor; and a scanner that sequentially scans the photoelectric conversion pixels of the sensor to read out an iris image signal. 2. The iris information acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the image pickup sensor comprises a group of pixels arranged in concentric circles.
an image pickup sensor having a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; an image pickup optical focuser that focuses image light from the iris region on the image pickup sensor; an optical axis operation controller that substantially matches the center of an iris image formed on the sensor with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor; a region determiner that determines the iris region by acquiring the inner and outer diameters of the iris according to an iris image signal obtained by the sensor; and a read scanner that scans the determined iris region in a predetermined sequence and obtains an output value corresponding to information of the iris region. 5. The iris information acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein said read scanner scans the determined iris region at least in the tangential direction.
an image pickup sensor comprising a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; an image pickup optical focuser that focuses image light from the iris region on the image pickup sensor; an illuminator that irradiates illumination light to the eye having the iris; an optical axis operation controller that substantially matches the center of an iris image formed on the sensor with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor; a light adjustment controller that controls the inner diameter of the iris image formed on the sensor by irradiating visible light to the eye having the iris from the illuminator, adjusting an amount of the light and defining the pupil diameter; and a read scanner that scans the sensor in a predetermined sequence and reads image information of the iris region. 23. The iris information acquisition apparatus as defined in claim 22, wherein said read scanner scans the determined iris region at least in the tangential direction.
an image pickup sensor comprising a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; an image pickup optical focuser that focuses image light from the iris region on the image pickup sensor; an optical axis operation controller that substantially matches the center of an iris image formed on the sensor with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor; a region determiner that determines the iris region by acquiring the inner and outer diameters of the iris according to an iris image signal obtained by the sensor; a read scanner that divides the determined iris region into predetermined concentric ring bands and determines the number of pixels in the radial direction of each ring band and reads the output value corresponding to information of each ring band in which weighted mean is performed according to the number of pixels; an iris code generator that generates the iris code according to the output value; and a comparitor that matches the generated iris code with the previously registered iris code. 47. The iris identification apparatus as defined in claim 46, wherein said comparitor that matches the iris region including a region hidden by the eyelids.
an image pickup sensor comprising a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; an image pickup optical focuser that focuses image light from the iris region on the image pickup sensor; an illuminator that radiates illumination light to the eye having the iris; an optical axis operation controller that substantially matches the center of an iris image formed on the sensor with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor; a light adjustment controller that controls the inner diameter of the iris image formed on the sensor by irradiating visible light to the eye having the iris from the illuminator, adjust an amount of the light and defines the pupil diameter; a read scanner that scans the sensor in the tangential and radial directions and reads the information of the iris region; and a matcher that matches the information of the iris region read by the read scanner with the information of the iris region registered previously through pattern matching. 51. The iris identification apparatus as defined in claim 50, wherein said image pickup optical focuser includes a zoom lens, the zoom lens ensuring that the outer diameter of the iris image is formed on the image pickup sensor.
using an image pickup sensor comprising a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; focusing image light from the iris region on the image pickup sensor through an image pickup optical system; substantially matching the center of an iris image formed on the sensor with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor through an optical axis operation controller; determining the iris region by acquiring the inner and outer diameters of the iris according to an iris image signal obtained by the sensor; dividing the determined iris region into predetermined concentric ring bands, determining the number of pixels in the radial direction of each ring band and reading the output value, corresponding to information of each ring band in which a weighted mean is calculated according to the number of pixels; generating the iris code from the output value through an iris code generator; and performing personal identification by matching the generated iris code with the previously registered iris code. 56. The iris identification method as defined in claim 55, wherein the iris region, including a region hidden by the eyelids, is matched.
using an image pickup sensor comprising a group of photoelectric conversion pixels arranged in polar coordinates; focusing image light from the iris region on the image pickup sensor through an image pickup optical system; irradiating illumination light to the eye having the iris through an illuminator; substantially matching the center of an iris image formed on the sensor with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor through an optical axis operation controller; controlling the inner diameter of the iris image formed on the sensor by irradiating visible light to the eye having the iris from the illuminator, adjusting an amount of the light and defining the pupil diameter; scanning the sensor in the tangential and radial directions and reading the information of the iris region through a read scanner; and performing personal identification by matching the information of the iris region read by the read scanner with the information of the iris region registered previously through pattern matching. 60. The iris identification method as defined in claim 59, wherein said image pickup optical system includes a zoom lens, the zoom lens ensuring that the outer diameter of the iris image is formed on the image pickup sensor.
focusing image light from an iris of an eye on the image pickup sensor so that the center of an iris image formed on the sensor substantially matches with the pole of the polar coordinates of the sensor; and sequentially scanning the photoelectric conversion pixels of the sensor to read out an iris image signal.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to an iris information acquisition apparatus, an iris identification apparatus and the others, and particularly to techniques capable of remarkably reducing time from an image pickup of an iris image to generation of an iris code, and capable of simplifying the iris information acquisition apparatus, the iris identification apparatus and the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Security systems accompanying development of high computerization in recent years require high reliability and convenience. In these security systems, for example, key, password, ID card, IC card, signature, voiceprints, fingerprints, biometric features (face pattern, set of teeth, retina, iris pattern and so on) are used as recognition means. Generally, in order of description of the above recognition means, degree of problems that these recognition means must be carried, are forgotten, are difficult to operate, are lost, are forged, etc. decreases, with the result that the recognition means have high reliability while the security systems become complicated and expensive.
The personal identification system using such the iris pattern is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,291,560, for example. Also, an �IrisIdent� (registered trademark) system made of SENSAR Inc. in the U.S.A. is used as a practical system. As shown in FIG. 16, this system roughly comprises two illumination parts 110, a camera part 111, a processing part 112, and cables 113 for connecting the camera part 111 to the processing part 112. And then, the processing part 112 is connected to a host computer (not shown). A personal recognition processing using the system is generally performed according to the following procedure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an iris recognition and identification method and its system capable of removing the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the whole construction of an iris recognition system, namely, an iris information acquisition apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, this iris recognition system includes two wide-angle cameras 1 a, 1 b and a zoom camera 7. The wide-angle cameras 1 a and 1 b take an image of a human eye of a subject of recognition by CCD's 2 a and 2 b, respectively, and image signals obtained by the CCD's 2 a and 2 b are fed to an iris acquisition controller 6 after reducing noise of the taken signal with CDS circuits 3 a and 3 b. Also, in the wide-angle cameras 1 a and 1 b, CCD drivers 5 a and 5 b for driving the CCDs 2 a and 2 b as well as a processing operation of the CDS circuits 3 a and 3 b are controlled on the basis of a synchronous control signal generated by control parts 4 a and 4 b. Also, the system shown in FIG. 1 includes the iris acquisition controller 6 which specifies a three-dimensional position of the human eye of the subject of recognition according to an image signal inputted from the cameras 1 a and 1 b, and outputs signal or data indicating the specified result to the zoom camera 7.
Also, on the assumption that the outer diameter of the iris has matched with the outer diameter of the sensor 10 (the outer circumferential circle L1), the inner diameter detecting circuit 11 calculates the difference between the outer diameter of the sensor 10 and the detected inner diameter to calculate the number of pixels of the radial direction of the sensor 10 corresponding to said difference, and the value obtained by dividing this number of pixels by the number of ring bands (for example, 8) is fed to a weighted mean processing part 13 as the number i of pixels of the radial direction assigned to one ring. For example, the number i of pixels is set to �3� in FIG. 3.
Here, the comparison of the iris codes will be described in further detail. The comparison may be performed as an exclusive OR (EXOR) operation simply, unless a tilt of the eye exists, but the tilt exists generally so that the registered iris code is correlated with the detected iris code and it is determined whether a person having the detected iris code is the registered person or not, on the basis of the value with the highest correlation. This correlation may be performed by selecting the value with the highest correlation out of the values obtained when the position at θ=0� of the detected iris code is varied in the range of �10�, for example.
So-called �hill-climbing� method etc. is used as a method for varying and obtaining a start point of comparison, and the correlation values shifted by one point back and forth are compared each other and the climbing is performed in the direction of higher correlation. On the contrary, the iris codes may be compared immediately without a correlation processing in the case of comparison if the tilt of the θ direction of the eye to be taken can be detected.
Also, the tilt of the eye, namely the tilt of the face may be grasped as a tilt to the horizontal plane formed by straight lines connecting bright points (P1 or P2 etc. in FIG. 15) of illumination reflected in both eyes to be taken by the wide-angle cameras 1 a and 1 b, correctly the horizontal plane (at θ=0�) of the zoom camera 7.
The iris acquisition controller 6 controls brightness of the LED 31 so as to eliminate the pupil diameter error signal. That is, this control is to increase the brightness of the LED 31 when the pupil diameter is longer than the inner circumference of the sensor 10 a and to decrease the brightness of the LED 31 when the pupil diameter is shorter than the inner circumference of the sensor 10 a. By the above control, the pupil diameter always matches with the inner circumference of the sensor 10 a and the outer circumference of the sensor 10 a matches with the outer diameter of the iris through the steering error signal, the zoom error signal, etc. so that an iris portion of an image subject is taken with the iris portion always matching with the pixel array pattern on the sensor 10 a. Thus, the width in the radial direction of each pixel in the sensor may be determined based on necessary resolving power, so that for example, the length of the sensor in the radial direction may be divided into eight portions equally, and an iris code may be generated directly using an image pickup signal from the sensor 10 a. Also, since division to each ring band is unnecessary and the center of the iris is determined, a recognition processing may be performed with a very simple pattern matching by previously registering an iris image. That is, since the inner and outer diameters of the iris are known, the pattern matching may be performed only by rotation at the center of the iris so that a comparison speed may be improved considerably.
Though the third embodiment has some complicated construction in comparison with the first and second embodiments, the sensor 10 c may be constructed simply and readily in comparison with the sensors 10, 10 a and 10 b. Also, the construction using the linear sensor may be applied to the first embodiment. In this case, each pixel of the linear sensor may not have the rhombic shape and, for example, may have the rectangular shape or the other shapes.
This construction of the sensor for directly outputting the edge image is achieved by an optical edge processing using an artificial retina lens disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.5-297325. That is, it is constructed so as to receive light inputted to each pixel in the first embodiment to the third embodiment through a spatial frequency filter and such a construction is an idea of �eye for eye� as it were.
Though a feature extraction of the iris is optically performed in the above example, this feature extraction may be electrically performed. For example, an outline detecting circuit which is adopted in a neurochip devised by C. A. Mead et al. in California Institute of Technology (see C. A. Mead and M. A. Mahowald, �A Silicon Model of Early Visual Processing�, Neural Networks, vol.1, pp.91-97 of 1988) and imitates primary sight of the human may be used for this purpose.
Also, since it is supposed that iris detection of facing type may be used, the construction may be simplified using relative parallel translation of a VAP (vertical angle variable prism) or a plurality of lenses instead of preprocessing such as alignment of the iris by the wide-angle cameras mentioned above. For example, in the case of using the VAP as shown in FIG. 13, the iris image may be obtained by control of only an optical system including the vertical angle variable prism 8 a and a zoom lens 8 b and a zoom camera including an iris sensor part 9 c. Also, in FIG. 13, the numeral 7 c designates a pan/tilt motor for driving the prism 8 a and the numeral 7 d designates a zoom/focus motor. Also, the numeral 6a designates an iris acquisition controller and a control part of the wide-angle cameras as the iris acquisition controller 6 shown in FIG. 1 is not required so that the controller 6 a is simplified.
The margin of range of such a predetermined position is about �3 cm in a distance of 25 to 30 cm from the apparatus, so-called, a distance of distinct vision. Further, in the case of providing an illuminating LED on the optical axis of the sensor, the pupil diameter may be adjusted simultaneously if the subject is asked to look this LED.
Particularly, when a screen of a personal computer may be used in the personal recognition of electronic business, focusing may be performed even using a camera with a fixed focal point etc. by displaying an iris image and a cross line on the screen to perform steering, and displaying a message of �please approach the screen a little�, for example.
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