Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/225/2256978.html
Timestamp: 2019-02-20 20:43:38
Document Index: 69399194

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 15', 'art 20', 'arts 26', 'art 29']

Magnetron anode
H01J25/587 -
This invention relates to an anode of the magnetron, and more particularly, but not exclusively, to the anode magnetrons, are designed to work at relatively high power levels.
In one known construction of the Central cylindrical magnetron cathode is surrounded by a design of the anode, which typically contains conductive cylinder that supports a wide range of anode blades extending inward from its inner surface. During operation, a magnetic field is applied in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical structure, and together with the electric field between the cathode and anode affects the electrons emitted by the cathode, which leads to resonances and generating high-frequency energy. The magnetron is capable of supporting multiple modes, depending on the relationship between volumetric resonators, limited vanes of the anode, which leads to differences in output frequency and power. One way to configure the magnetron on a particular operational mode is the connection cords. To obtain and maintain the PI-mode operation, which is usually required, alternating vanes of the anode are connected to each other by ligaments. In a typical case, the two bundles are located at each end of the anode or, in another arrangement, one end of the anode which may be three chords, and the other none.
The present invention arose as a result of ideas of how we could increase the output power of the magnetron, but the invention can be used in applications where such a requirement is not extended.
According to the invention the anode of the magnetron contains many stacked segments that are connected with each other to limit the anode blades.
These segments are mainly located transversely to the longitudinal axis and at least some of the segments are shaped profile in the longitudinal direction, that is, they are not just layered plates.
In one previously known type of anode magnetron, this anode is a single unitary structural element made of a solid block. In the case of the anodes of the increased size of the typical way of their creation is the production of anode blades separately and then their connection with the surrounding cylindrical shell of the anode using a clamping device, ensuring the alignment of the blades with each other and the shell during the Assembly process. In contrast, the anode in accordance with the invention has gaps between the vanes of the anode, which accurately maintained, because each segment includes many parts of the blades of the anode, which izgotovlenie packaging segments. Therefore, any imperfections in the segment, which could lead to disturbance of alignment during final Assembly, can be detected by monitoring before connecting this segment with other segments, and to reject this segment. In addition, the use of the invention can lead to the creation of the anode, which is more resistant to external influences, since the surface of the segments with which they are connected to each other, have a relatively large surface area compared to the small area of attachment, resulting from the technical solutions according to which the blades are made separately and fastened to the shell of the anode at their ends.
In a preferred specific embodiment, each segment is a unitary structural element that can be manufactured on the machine, for example, from solid material. Thus, any processing during Assembly of the anode of the magnetron does not create a trend that is causing the moving parts of the anode present in one segment, relative to each other, as in the segment of compounds no. In addition, ready-to-anode magnetron is more likely to fit an ideal settlement size than the anode, made in the previously known arrangement, and will be more stable - robust to mechanical environmenta the pits.
Another previously known method, in which the anode is made from a solid block, implemented for structures anodes smaller, but the embodiment of it in relation to the anodes of a larger size, intended for use in magnetrons operating at lower frequencies, making this way more complicated and expensive.
In a preferred embodiment, the segments are essentially circular. Each segment mainly represents a solid ring, but in other specific embodiments, the implementation of each segment may represent only part of the ring. However, this introduces additional complexity, and it is unlikely that it will be convenient to have numerous constructive elements. Each segment preferably has ends that are already connected, the stacked Assembly lie in the plane transverse to the longitudinal axis in a generally cylindrical anode.
In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder is located around the stacked segments and connected with them. In other configurations, rather than having a separately manufactured cylinder, the segments themselves may include parts that final Assembly of the anode to form the outer shell of the anode.
The anode mainly includes many ligaments. In particularly preferential embodiment, the bundles are distributed along the axis of the second length of the blades of the anode. The segmental nature of the anode means that it can be easy to implement, and it gives significant advantages. Usually the connection cords used only for anodes having an axial length, comprising a quarter of the length of the working wave. In case of a longer anode separation of modes is broken, and it becomes impossible to maintain the desired mode and frequency of operation. Distributing bundles along the axial length of the vanes of the anode, instead of placing bundles at the ends of the blades, as is usually done, it is possible to use any desired length, without losing the separation of modes. This frequency stability can be maintained while increasing output power, which depends on the length of the anode. For example, it is assumed that the magnetron, which is applied to the anode in accordance with the invention and which operates in the frequency band of x-rays, can achieve an output power of 2 MW. However, this invention can be successfully used in magnetrons operating in other frequency ranges.
In an advantageous embodiment, the bundles are essentially ravnovesie from each other along the axial length of the vanes of the anode and preferably distributed essentially along the entire axial length. In fact, you can achieve almost continuous connection cords for any treb is emnd length of the anode.
The anode may include segments of different configurations. In one particular embodiment, for example, segments limit the vanes of the anode, and ligaments are made as separate structural elements. However, specifically in a preferential embodiment, at least one of the segments includes ligament and part of the anode blades. In the preferred embodiment, each segment includes ligament and part of the anode blades. This reduces the number of required different types of structural elements and, therefore, facilitates manufacture and reduces costs. Since the beamwidth of each segment represents a single whole with the parts of the blades of the anode, the anode, in particular, is robust in design.
In one composition, which includes a pair of adjacent segments, each of which has a bunch, a bunch of each segment being positioned closer to one end than to the other, and the segments are stacked next to each other, where one is inverted relative to another. Thus, one segment may include part of half the number of blades of the anode, which are connected to each other by the conjunction of its segment and another segment may contain portions of other of the blades of the anode, which are connected to each other by the conjunction of its segment. In addition, the two segments of aspolozhena each other so what part of the blades of alternate anode, and the arrangement of the cords is that they do not interfere with each other, as they are in different locations along the longitudinal axis of the anode. In a preferred embodiment, the segments are nominally identical in shape, which makes technological limitations less stringent.
According to one feature of the invention a method of manufacturing the anode of the magnetron includes the steps, which form the annular segments, each segment includes the portion of the anode blades, stacked ring segments, and then connect the stacked segments with each other. The ring segments can be formed, for example, using processing electronic discharge, although you can use other ways, for example, milling. The ring segments can be joined, for example by brazing.
The proposed method reduces the time of manufacture and is not as time-consuming as there is a method in which the blades are made separately, and in addition to these advantages leads, in particular, to a robust anode, which has potential applications in the application, causing more power.
In one embodiment, the method of the anode can be formed by bundling multiple ring segments and connecting them with each other, and after the respective district housing them in the Assembly within a cylindrical shell, want to connect with stacked segments. The segments and the cylinder can be all connected to each other in one step after installation of the parts to each other. In an alternative method, you can use the Central core, around which is placed the segments and connect them with this core. After this stage the detail of the core can be removed, and this item leaves a part of the forming blades of the anode.
Now, as an example, some of the ways of carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings, where
figure 1 shows the conventional longitudinal section of a magnetron in accordance with the invention,
figure 2 presents a view in plan of the magnetron shown in figure 1, along the line II-II,
figure 3 shows one of the segments,
figure 4 shows two adjacent segment,
figure 5 shows stacked on top of each other in the package segments
figure 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 show the stages and structural elements used in the other anode of the magnetron and methods of manufacture in accordance with the invention.
Referring to figures 1 and 1, we note that the magnetron in accordance with the invention comprises a cylindrical, located in the center of the cathode 1, located between the magnetic pole elements 2 and 3, which are connected return lines of magnetic induction 4 and 5. The cathode 1 is surrounded by a cylindrical design is the tion 6 of the anode, containing outer shell 7 and extending into the blades 8 of the anode, and the shell 7 and the blade 8 is made of copper.
The blade 8 is formed by a set of ring segments 9, which are stacked on one another in the package along the longitudinal axis x-X of the magnetron. Each segment includes part of half the total number of blades of the anode and the connecting ring, which in the finished anode acts as a link.
Figure 3 is conventionally represented one segment, which is made from solid copper by processing electronic discharge. Segment 9 includes forming a whole bunch of ring 10, which extend inward and outward part 11, which in the finished design will form part of the blades 8 of the anode. The inner part 11A of the parts of the blades are rounded and ready the device facing toward the cathode 1. The outer part 11 includes a longitudinal groove 12 on their surfaces. As you can see in this drawing, the link is located closer to one end 13 of segment 9 than to the other end 14.
After making many such segments 9 the next stage of the Assembly process is to cover their upper and lower surfaces with a layer of silver. Then the segments 9 are collected in the package inside the shell 7 of the anode, stacking one segment over another with obtaining cylindrical design. For each pair of neighbouring the x segments 9 are characterized by location, according to which, one segment is inverted relative to the other, and rotated with respect to it, as shown in figure 4, so that parts of the blades are equally distant from each other along the ring. The finished package is conventionally shown in figure 5. Longitudinal grooves 12 in the outer surfaces of the segments 9 are laid solid solder material in the form of wires. To maintain the relative distances between adjacent vanes of the anode applies a clamping device, so that the shell of the anode supports circumferential alignment.
After Assembly of structural elements on segments 9 install the cargo, and the Assembly is heated. Silver on the adjacent surfaces of the segments melt and, as a solid solder, primaeval them to each other, and the segments are also soldered with hard solder to the inner surface of the anode shell.
For long anode can be put to service as many structural elements as required.
In this method, the segments 9 are identical. However, other methods can be used several different structural elements during the Assembly of the anode.
In another method of manufacture is first made of a cylindrical structural element shown in Fig.6.
This structural element includes a Central solid cylinder is ical part 15 and the grooves 16, the bounding edge 17 around the outer surface. Made many segments 18, similar to that shown in Fig.7. Each segment includes one-piece ring 19, which through the same intervals are inward and outward in the radial direction of the part 20. And finally, make a third structural element shown in Fig and having a solid outer shell 21, which constitutes the shell of the anode ready magnetron, and the inner surface 22 having many executed by the grooves 23, the limiting portion 24 of the blades between them. Each of these structural elements are made of copper, and those of their surfaces, which are subject to connection with other covered with a material suitable for brazing. Structural elements shown in Fig.6 and 8 are concentric with many segments, one of which is shown in Fig.7, in the gap between them. The segments are arranged with a possibility of rotation relative to adjacent segments, so that alternating bundles are electrically connected in the finished anode with the same anode blades.
In another specific embodiment, first and foremost, make the segment shown in figures 9 and with a solid ring 25, which is a combination of ready magnetron, and many parts 26, extend the category from him, which forms part of the anode blades. As in other configurations, the number of parts corresponds to half of the total number of blades of the anode ready magnetron. A pair of segments, one of which is shown in Fig.9, gather with each other as shown in figure 10, and then placed in the package on top of each other inside the shell and you solder solid solder to each other.
An alternative method, which is described with reference to 11, many split rings 27 are collected on the mandrel 28, the form of which is mainly cylindrical and around the outer surfaces of which are arranged the inner part 29 of the blades 30 of the anode. In the grooves, as shown, for example, using position 31, the blades of the anode is placed ligaments, which are electrically connected to the alternating blades. Then the Assembly is placed inside the structural element shown in Fig, and you solder to it with hard solder. And, finally, remove the Central cylinder 32, receiving the finished design of the anode.
1. The anode of the magnetron containing multiple stacked segments that are connected to each other and defining vanes of the anode, and the segments include ligament and part of the anode vanes, each segment contains a solid ring, which parts extend inward and outward in the radial direction, which form the anode vanes, when et is m ligament is divided, essentially uniformly along the axial length of the anode blades.
2. The anode according to claim 1, in which at least one segment is a unitary structural element.
3. The anode according to claim 2, in which the segments are essentially circular.
4. The anode according to claim 3, comprising a cylinder located around the stacked segments and connected with them.
5. The anode according to claim 4, in which each segment has end faces that are adjacent to the adjacent segments lie in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis.
6. The anode according to claim 1, in which the bundles are distributed essentially along the entire axial length of the anode blades.
7. The anode of claim 1, wherein the pair of adjacent segments, each of which includes a bundle, the bundle of each segment is located closer to one end than to the other, and the segments are stacked such that they are inverted to one another.
8. The anode of any preceding paragraph, in which each segment includes part of half the total number of blades of the anode, and the adjacent segments are arranged so that part of the anode blades interspersed.
9. The anode of claim 8, in which the segments are nominally identical in form.
10. A method of manufacturing the anode of the magnetron, comprising the steps, which form the annular segments, each segment includes part of the lo is atok anode and contains a solid ring, from which part extends inward and outward in the radial direction, which form part of the anode blades, stacked ring segments, and then connect the stacked segments with each other.
11. The method according to claim 10, which includes a stage, on which a cylinder around the outer surface of the stacked segments and connecting the segments with the cylinder.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the segments are made using processing electronic discharge.
13. The method according to item 12, wherein the ring segments are connected to each other by brazing.
14. The method according to item 13, wherein at least one of the segments includes a bundle.
15. The method according to 14, wherein the pair of adjacent segments, each of which includes a bundle, the bundle of each segment have closer to one end than to the other, and the segments are stacked such that they are inverted to one another.
16 the Method according to 14, wherein each of the segments includes a bunch, and the segments stacked in such a way that the bundles are distributed essentially along the entire axial length of the anode.
17. The method according to item 16, wherein the ring segments are nominally identical in form.
18. The method according to 17, comprising a stage on which is stacked ring segments n is a cylindrical core, and then remove part of the core in such a way that it leaves a part of the forming blades of the anode.
19. The magnetron includes a cathode coaxially surrounded by the anode, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 and/or manufactured by PP-18.
The anode block for a magnetron and the magnetron (options) // 2214647
The resonator system of the coaxial magnetron // 2022391
The invention relates to electronic equipment, in particular to a coaxial magnetrons (KM), including inverted coaxial magnetron (ACM)
The method of ion-plasma deposition of multicomponent film coverings, tile target for its implementation and the method of manufacturing the target // 2210620
Canned window input and/or output power of the microwave // 2207655
The invention relates to electronic and accelerator technology
SUBSTANCE: proposed pin-type periodic slow-wave structure for traveling-wave tube has cluster of cells disposed along axis with period T, each of them being provided with case concentric to this axis and transit-time tube concentrically installed on pin within its space . Newly introduced in each cell are elements correcting disperse characteristic of slow-wave structure.
EFFECT: improved disperse characteristic of slow-wave structure.
FIELD: electronic industry, in particular, engineering of sealed-off electron guns, providing irradiation by means of electron flow for objects, positioned in atmosphere or different gaseous environment, can be used, for example, for sterilization of medical tools.
SUBSTANCE: sealed-off electron gun has coaxially positioned band cathode, first and second focusing electrodes electrically connected thereto, and body, all made in form of hollow metallic tubes of rectangular-shaped cross-section. In end portion of body, window for electron output is positioned, made in form of foil, connected to bearing base in tight vacuum-processed manner. In end walls of first and second focusing electrodes, rectangular apertures are made for letting through band electron stream. In each of wide side walls of first focusing electrode, positioned between second focusing electrode and gun body, two identically shaped and evenly long slits are made, positioned along axis parallel to longitudinal axis of cathode and made symmetrically relatively to plane, passing through axis of first focusing electrode perpendicularly to its wide side wall, while side edges of slits, positioned on the side of narrow side walls of first focusing electrode, are positioned in planes, coinciding with planes of side surfaces of cathode and at least one of longitudinal edges of each slit is positioned above the plane of emitting surface of aforementioned cathode.
EFFECT: increased evenness of distribution of current density in zone of irradiated object along whole length of electron output window, increased efficiency of gun operation.