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mrsd_qtlmr124 | Consumer Price Index | Layoff
Description: Singapore labour
Manpower Research and Statistics Department Singapore
ISSN : 0219 - 2527
Brief extracts from the report may be reproduced for non-commercial use, provided the source is acknowledged. Request for extensive reproduction should be made to:
Director Manpower Research and Statistics Department Ministry of Manpower 18 Havelock Road #05-01 MOM Building Singapore 059764 Republic of Singapore Fax: 63171804 Email: mom_rsd@mom.gov.sg
Labour Market, 2012
Page NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS HIGHLIGHTS LABOUR MARKET, 2012 Employment Unemployment Redundancy Re-entry into Employment Job Vacancy Labour Turnover Hours Worked Income from Work Concluding Remarks STATISTICAL UPDATES EMPLOYMENT 1.1 Employment UNEMPLOYMENT 2.1 Unemployed Residents by Gender, Age and Educational Attainment 2.2 Resident Unemployment Rate by Gender, Age and Educational Attainment 2.3 Long-Term Unemployed Residents by Gender, Age and Educational Attainment 2.4 Resident Long-Term Unemployment Rate by Gender, Age and Educational Attainment REDUNDANCY 3.1 Workers Made Redundant by Industry and Occupational Group 3.2 Workers Made Redundant by Industry, Reasons for Redundancy and Occupational Group vi vii 1 1 8 13 18 20 23 25 27 29 A1
Page 3.3 3.4 4.1 Retrenched Workers by Industry and Occupational Group Early Release of Contract Workers by Industry and Occupational Group Workers on Short Work-week or Temporary Lay-off by Sector and Occupational Group A8 A9 A10
RE-ENTRY INTO EMPLOYMENT 5.1 Proportion of Residents Made Redundant Who Re-entered Employment Within 6 Months after Redundancy by Gender, Age, Educational Attainment and Occupational Group Prior to Redundancy JOB VACANCY 6.1 Job Vacancy by Industry and Occupational Group 6.2 Job Vacancy Rate by Industry and Occupational Group 6.3 Job Vacancy and Job Vacancy Rate by Industry and Occupational Group LABOUR TURNOVER 7.1 Average Monthly Recruitment Rate by Industry and Occupational Group 7.2 Average Monthly Resignation Rate by Industry and Occupational Group 7.3 Average Monthly Recruitment Rate and Resignation Rate by Industry and Occupational Group HOURS WORKED 8.1 Average Weekly Total Paid Hours Worked Per Employee by Industry 8.2 Average Weekly Paid Overtime Hours Worked Per Employee by Industry INCOME FROM WORK 9.1 Gross Monthly Income from Work of Full-Time Employed Singapore Citizens EXPLANATORY NOTES
%-pt Q M J S D n.a. s.a. No. s : : : : : : : : : : : nil or negligible percentage point Quarter March June September December not applicable/not available seasonally adjusted Number Data suppressed due to small number of observations
CPF CPI excl FDW MOM : Central Provident Fund : Consumer Price Index : Excluding : Foreign Domestic Workers : Ministry of Manpower
PMETs : Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Prod & Tpt Op, Cleaners & Labourers : Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers Prof, Mgrs, Execs & Tech SSIC : Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians : Singapore Standard Industrial Classification
Labour Market Report, 2012
 Total employment grew by 129,100 or 4.0% in 2012, slightly above the 122,600 or 3.9% in 2011, mainly reflecting the higher employment increase in construction. Excluding construction and foreign domestic workers (FDW), the growth in total employment at 86,700 or 3.3% in 2012 was lower than the 95,600 or 3.8% in 2011. Local employment rose by 58,700 or 2.9%, substantially higher than the gains of 37,900 or 1.9% in 2011. Amid the tightening in foreign manpower controls, the growth in foreign employment eased to 70,400 or 5.9% in 2012 from 84,800 or 7.6% in 2011. Excluding construction and FDW, the growth in foreign employment was even lower at 32,200 or 4.6% in 2012, about half of the 60,200 or 9.4% in 2011. In December 2012, locals accounted for 66.4% of persons employed in Singapore (excluding FDW). Foreigners formed the remaining 33.6%, compared with 32.8% in December 2011. With high employment creation, the annual average unemployment rate remained at a low of 2.0% for overall and 3.0% for citizens in 2012, unchanged from 2011, while the resident unemployment rate dipped to 2.8% from 2.9%. On average, 60,000 residents including 53,900 citizens were unemployed in 2012. The corresponding figures in 2011 were 60,600 and 52,900. Reflecting the impact of economic slowdown and restructuring, some 11,010 workers were made redundant in 2012, up from 9,990 in 20111. Nonetheless, this was still less than the highs of 23,430 and 16,880 experienced during the last recession in 2009 and 2008 respectively. Based on CPF records, nearly three in five (57%) residents laid off in the third quarter of 2012 secured employment by December 2012. This rate of re-entry into employment within six months of redundancy rose from the 52% experienced by the previous cohort (laid off in the second quarter) in September 2012. Job openings declined, reversing from the rise in September 2012 after two preceding quarterly declines. The seasonally adjusted vacancies decreased over the quarter by 8.7% in December 2012, after increasing by 13% in September 2012. With the decline in job openings, the seasonally adjusted ratio of job vacancies to unemployed persons fell to 110 job openings for every 100 job seekers in December 2012 from 125 in September 2012.
Employment creation remained high in 2012 Supported by hiring for the festive season, total employment grew by 44,000 in the fourth quarter of 2012, up from the gains of 26,200 in the preceding quarter and 37,600 in the fourth quarter of 2011. This brought the full-year total employment growth to 129,100 or 4.0% in 2012, slightly above the 122,600 or 3.9% in 2011, mainly reflecting the higher employment increase in construction. Excluding construction and foreign domestic workers (FDW), the growth in total employment at 86,700 or 3.3% in 2012 was lower than the 95,600 or 3.8% in 2011 (Chart 2).
Chart 1: Employment Change By Sector Quarterly
4Q08 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 21.3 -6.2 -7.7 13.9 37.5 36.5 24.9 20.5 33.9 28.3 24.8 31.9 37.6 27.2 31.7 26.2 44.0 -7.0 -22.7 -16.2 -5.7 0.7 3.0 -1.4 0.2 -2.5 0.5 0.5 3.9 -1.4 2.0 4.7 3.7 0.9 10.7 8.1 4.1 7.1 4.7 1.7 0.3 1.4 2.3 4.6 6.7 8.4 8.7 9.7 9.7 11.1 17.3 8.7 5.0 12.6 32.3 33.7 24.6 19.7 34.5 25.4 19.3 21.2 30.2 15.8 17.3 12.7 31.2
2002 -22.9 -5.4 -34.3 16.5
2003 -12.9 -5.0 -17.5 9.9
2004 71.4 27.0 -9.1 54.9
2005 113.3 29.1 8.7 73.8
2006 176.0 41.6 20.5 112.7
2007 234.9 49.3 40.4 143.1
2008 221.6 19.5 64.0 136.4
2009 37.6 -43.9 24.0 58.6
2010 115.9 -0.8 3.4 112.6
2011 122.6 3.4 22.0 96.1
2012 129.1 11.4 39.1 77.0
- : nil or negligible Notes: (1) The industries are classified based on SSIC 2010 from 2009 onwards and SSIC 2005 before 2009. (2) Data for the three major sectors do not add up to the total as the latter includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management.
Services contributed the majority of the employment gains in 2012 (77,000), though this was lower than in 2011 (96,100). Supported by increased public residential, institutional and other building works, construction employment rose by 39,100, higher than the gains of 22,000 in 2011. Manufacturing employment grew by 11,400, after increasing by 3,400 in 2011, as gains mainly in chemical products outnumbered losses in electronics manufacturing (Table 1).
Table 1: Total Employment Change By Industry
In Thousands Total Employment Change Industry 2011 2012 Q4 Total Total (excl FDW) Manufacturing Construction Services Services (excl FDW) Wholesale & Retail Trade Transportation & Storage Accommodation & Food Services Information & Communications Financial & Insurance Services Real Estate Services Professional Services Administrative & Support Services Community, Social & Personal Services Community, Social & Personal Services (excl FDW) Notes: (1) (2) (3) Data for the three major sectors do not add up to the total as the latter includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. ‘excl FDW’ refers to excluding foreign domestic workers. 122.6 117.7 3.4 22.0 96.1 91.1 15.9 6.7 9.2 8.0 10.9 3.1 10.7 7.2 24.3 19.4 129.1 125.8 11.4 39.1 77.0 73.8 10.1 8.6 8.0 0.9 6.5 4.8 9.0 8.7 20.4 17.1 37.6 34.3 -1.4 8.4 30.2 26.9 7.9 1.2 6.2 0.7 2.1 1.7 1.2 1.4 8.0 4.7 Q1 27.2 25.3 2.0 8.7 15.8 13.9 0.7 2.2 -0.5 -0.1 1.9 -0.5 3.4 8.8 6.9 Q2 31.7 31.6 4.7 9.7 17.3 17.2 2.0 2.2 -0.9 0.5 1.8 1.2 2.9 4.6 3.0 2.9 Q3 26.2 27.0 3.7 9.7 12.7 13.5 0.1 1.5 1.5 0.4 2.9 1.0 3.7 0.2 1.4 2.1 Q4 44.0 42.0 0.9 11.1 31.2 29.2 7.3 2.8 7.9 0.1 1.7 0.7 2.8 0.5 7.3 5.2 2011 2012 Total Employment Level in Dec 12 3,357.6 3,148.0 535.0 441.8 2,355.9 2,146.2 466. 6 217.7 217.1 105.4 183.1 88.4 207.4 175.9 694.2 484. 6
Local1 Employment
Local employment rose faster Local employment grew by 58,700 or 2.9%, substantially higher than the gains of 37,900 or 1.9% in 2011. The bulk of the local gains in 2012 came from services (51,000) as construction and manufacturing added 4,200 and 2,100 locals respectively (Table 2).
Chart 2: Annual Employment Change By Residential Status Overall
250 Number (‘000)
250 200 200 150 200 150 150 100 150 100 100 50 100 50 50 0 50 0 0 -50
2003 -27.9 14.9 2003 -27.9 -12.9
14.9 2003 -12.9 -27.9
2004 21.5 49.9 2004 21.5 71.4
49.9 2004 71.4 21.5
2005 49.8 63.5 2005 49.8 113.3
63.5 2005 113.3 49.8
2006 85.1 90.9 2006 85.1 176.0
90.9 2006 176.0 85.1
2007 144.5 2007 90.4
144.5 234.9 90.4 2007 234.9 144.5
2008 156.9 2008 64.7
156.9 221.6 64.7 2008 221.6 156.9
2009 -4.2 41.8 2009 -4.2 37.6
41.8 2009 37.6 -4.2
2010 59.7 56.2 2010 59.7 115.9
56.2 2010 115.9 59.7
2011 84.8 37.9 2011 84.8 122.6
37.9 2011 122.6 84.8
2012 70.4 58.7 2012 70.4 129.1
58.7 2012 129.1 70.4
Foreign -42.3 0 -50 2002 Local 19.4 Foreign Total -42.3 -22.9 -50 Local 19.4 2002 Total -22.9 Foreign -42.3
19.4 -22.9
14.9 -12.9
49.9 71.4
63.5 113.3
90.9 176.0
90.4 234.9
64.7 221.6
56.2 115.9
37.9 122.6
58.7 129.1
Locals (also known as residents) refer to Singapore citizens and permanent residents.
(b) Overall excl FDW and Construction
Overall Excl Construction And FDW
250 200 200 150 200 150 150 100 150 100 100 50 100 50 50 0 50 0 -50 Foreign 0 -50 Local
Foreign Total -50 Local Total Foreign
2002 -12.1 22.8 2002 -12.1 10.7
22.8 2002 10.7 -12.1 22.8
2003 -7.8 13.6 2003 -7.8 5.8
13.6 2003 5.8 -7.8
2004 24.0 51.5 2004 24.0 75.5
51.5 2004 75.5 24.0
2005 35.4 61.3 2005 35.4 96.8
61.3 2005 96.8 35.4
2006 61.9 85.5 2006 147.4 61.9 2006 85.5 147.4 61.9 85.5 147.4
2007 97.1 86.0 2007 183.1 97.1 2007 86.0 183.1 97.1 86.0 183.1
2008 89.8 59.6 2008 149.4 89.8 2008 59.6 149.4 89.8 59.6 149.4
2009 -28.5 37.5 2009 9.0 -28.5 2009 37.5 9.0 -28.5 37.5 9.0
2010 50.6 56.6 2010 107.2 50.6 2010 56.6 107.2 50.6 56.6 107.2
2011 60.2 35.5 2011 95.6 60.2 2011 35.5 95.6 60.2 35.5 95.6
2012 32.2 54.5 2012 86.7 32.2 2012 54.5 86.7 32.2 54.5 86.7
51.5 75.5
61.3 96.8
Notes: (1) Locals also known as residents refer to Singapore citizens and permanent residents. (2) Data may not add up to total due to rounding.
... as foreign employment growth slowed amid tighter foreign manpower controls Amid the tightening in foreign manpower controls, the growth in foreign employment eased to 70,400 or 5.9% in 2012 from 84,800 or 7.6% in 2011. Excluding construction and FDW, the growth in foreign employment was even lower at 32,200 or 4.6% in 2012, about half of the 60,200 or 9.4% in 2011. The foreign gains in 2012 came mainly from construction (34,900) and services (22,800 excl. FDW). While construction added more foreigners than in 2011 (19,600), the foreign gains in services slowed substantially (2011: 53,700 excl. FDW). In December 2012, there were 2,089,300 locals and 1,268,300 foreigners (or 1,058,700 excluding foreign domestic workers) employed in Singapore. Of every three persons in employment (excluding foreign domestic workers), two were locals and one was a foreigner. Specifically, the foreign share was 33.6% in December 2012, compared with 32.8% a year ago.
Table 2: Employment Change By Residential Status And Industry
In Thousands Employment Change 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Overall Total Total (excl FDW) Local Foreign Foreign (excl FDW) Total Local Foreign Total Local Foreign Total Total (excl FDW) Local Foreign Foreign (excl FDW) -22.9 -23.6 19.4 -42.3 -43.0 -12.9 -11.7 14.9 -27.9 -26.6 71.4 66.4 49.9 21.5 16.5 113.3 105.5 63.5 49.8 42.0 176.0 168.0 90.9 85.1 77.1 234.9 223.5 90.4 144.5 133.1 221.6 213.4 64.7 156.9 148.7 37.6 32.9 41.8 -4.2 -8.9 115.9 110.6 56.2 59.7 54.4 122.6 117.7 37.9 84.8 79.8 129.1 125.8 58.7 70.4 67.1 3,357.6 3,148.0 2,089.3 1,268.3 1,058.7 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Employment Level in Dec 12
Manufacturing -5.4 -4.2 -1.2 -34.3 -3.4 -30.9 16.5 15.8 26.8 -10.3 -11.0 -5.0 -1.1 -3.8 -17.5 1.4 -18.8 9.9 11.1 15.0 -5.1 -3.9 27.0 7.4 19.6 -9.1 -1.6 -7.5 54.9 49.9 45.7 9.2 4.2 29.1 9.7 19.4 8.7 2.2 6.5 73.8 65.9 50.4 23.4 15.6 41.6 11.0 30.6 49.3 7.3 42.0 19.5 -4.6 24.1 -43.9 -9.5 -34.3 24.0 4.3 19.7 58.6 53.9 48.2 10.4 5.7 -0.8 -0.1 -0.7 3.4 -0.4 3.8 112.6 107.3 56.3 56.2 50.9 3.4 -2.8 6.1 22.0 2.4 19.6 96.1 91.1 37.5 58.6 53.7 11.4 2.1 9.4 39.1 4.2 34.9 77.0 73.8 51.0 26.1 22.8 535.0 257.6 277.4 441.8 114.4 327.4 2,355.9 2,146.2 1,696.5 659.4 449.8
Construction 20.5 40.4 64.0 5.3 4.4 5.2 15.2 36.0 58.9 Services 112.7 143.1 136.4 104.7 73.7 39.0 31.0 131.7 77.2 65.9 54.5 128.2 63.1 73.4 65.2
Notes: (1) Data for the three major sectors do not add up to the total as the latter includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. (2) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. (3) The industries are classified based on SSIC 2010 from 2009 onwards and based on SSIC 2005 before 2009. (4) ‘excl FDW’ refers to excluding foreign domestic workers.
Unemployment remained low With employment creation remaining high, unemployment dipped over the quarter in December 2012. The seasonally adjusted overall unemployment rate edged down to 1.8% in December 2012 from 1.9% in September 2012. The decline in unemployment was also seen among residents from 2.8% to 2.6% and citizens from 3.0% to 2.9%. Some 50,500 residents including 46,900 citizens were unemployed in December 2012. The seasonally adjusted figures were 55,900 for residents and 51,400 for citizens.
Chart 3: Unemployment Rate (Seasonally Adjusted)
Rate (%) 6
Overall Resident Singapore Citizen
D08 M09 2.7 3.2 3.9 4.7 4.0 4.9
J09 3.2 4.5 4.7
S09 D09 M10 3.3 2.3 2.3 4.9 3.3 3.3 4.9 3.5 3.4
J10 2.2 3.1 3.3
S10 D10 2.1 2.2 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3
M11 1.9 2.8 2.9
J11 2.1 3.0 3.1
S11 2.0 2.9 3.0
D11 M12 2.0 2.1 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.2
J12 2.0 2.8 3.0
S12 D12 1.9 1.8 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.9
For the whole of 2012, the annual average unemployment rate remained at a low of 2.0% for overall and 3.0% for citizens, unchanged from 2011, while the resident unemployment rate dipped to 2.8% from 2.9%. On average, 60,000 residents including 53,900 citizens were unemployed in 2012. The corresponding figures in 2011 were 60,600 and 52,900.
Chart 4: Unemployment Rate (Annual Average)
2002 3.6 4.8 5.1
2003 4.0 5.2 5.4
2004 3.4 4.4 4.8
2005 3.1 4.1 4.4
2006 2.7 3.6 3.7
2007 2.1 3.0 3.1
2008 2.2 3.2 3.4
2009 3.0 4.3 4.5
2010 2.2 3.1 3.4
2011 2.0 2.9 3.0
2012 2.0 2.8 3.0
Source: Labour Force Survey, MOM, except data for June 2005 which are from the General Household Survey 2005 conducted by Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry. Note: Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
On a non-seasonally adjusted basis, the resident unemployment rate edged down from 2.5% in December 2011 to 2.4% in December 2012. Unemployment decreased over the year for residents with post-secondary or lower qualifications, but increased for the tertiary educated (Chart 5). The improvement in unemployment for the less educated was supported by strong demand for low and mid-level workers2. Coupled with their large representation in the resident labour force, degree holders formed the largest group among the unemployed residents at 16,300 or 32% in December 2012. These unemployed degree holders were spread evenly among the below 30 (5,500 or 11% of all unemployed residents), 30 to 39 (5,400 or 11%) and 40 & over (5,400 or 11%) age groups.
Source: “Job Vacancies, 2012”, MRSD
The unemployment rate improved over the year from 5.1% to 4.3% for younger residents aged below 30, and was unchanged at 1.9% for those in their 30s and aged 40 & over. Reflecting an ageing labour force, mature residents aged 40 & over made up 44% or 22,100 of the unemployed residents in December 2012. They were followed by those aged below 30 (35% or 17,900) and in their 30s (21% or 10,500).
Chart 5: Resident Unemployment Rate And Number By Age And Education (Non-Seasonally Adjusted)
(54.3) (50.5)
(8.3) (9.9)
Post Secondary (Non-Tertiary)
(10.3) (10.5)
(21.6) (22.1)
Figures in brackets refer to the number of unemployed in thousands. They may not add up to the total due to rounding.
Long-term unemployment unchanged over the year Long-term unemployment was unchanged over the year. 11,400 unemployed residents, making up 0.5% of the resident labour force in December 2012 had been looking for work for at least 25 weeks, similar to 11,500 or 0.5% a year ago. However, their share among unemployed residents rose over the year from 21% to 23%, against a reduced pool of unemployed residents. For the whole of 2012, the resident long-term unemployment rate and number averaged 0.6% and 12,600, similar to 0.6% and 12,200 in 2011.
Chart 6: Resident Long-Term Unemployment Rate (Non-Seasonally Adjusted)
LTU Rate
D02 1.4
D03 1.2
D04 1.2
D05 0.7
D06 0.8
D07 0.5
D08 0.7
D09 0.7
D11 0.5
D12 0.5
Chart 7: Number And Share Of Resident Long-Term Unemployed (Non-Seasonally Adjusted)
30 20 25 15
LTU No. LTU Share
D02 23.4 26.4
D03 21.4 22.6
D04 21.3 27.8
D05 13.2 20.6
D06 15.1 21.7
D07 8.7 19.6
D08 12.9 18.4
D09 13.9 23.2
D10 12.3 21.5
D11 11.5 21.3
D12 11.4 22.6
Notes: (1) Long-term unemployed refers to those unemployed for at least 25 weeks. (2) The share represents the long-term unemployed as a proportion of unemployed residents.
The long-term unemployment rate for residents with non-tertiary qualifications improved over the year, but this was offset by the increase experienced by the tertiary educated. With their increase in long-term unemployment rates, the tertiary-educated residents made up six in ten of the long-term unemployed residents in December 2012 (diploma & professional qualification: 20% or 2,300, degree: 39% or 4,400). The long-term unemployment rate rose for younger residents aged below 40, but improved for mature residents aged 40 & over. Nevertheless, the latter still formed a slight majority of the long-term unemployed residents in December 2012 at 55% (or 6,300), similar to their representation in the resident labour force.
Chart 8: Resident Long-Term Unemployment Rate And Number By Age And Education (Non-Seasonally Adjusted) By Education
0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5%
(11.5) (11.4) (3.0)
(11.5) (11.4) (7.7)
Note: Figures in brackets refer to the number of long-term unemployed in thousands. They may not add up to the total due to rounding.
More workers were laid off in 2012, but still below recessionary highs Layoffs rose for the second consecutive quarter, reflecting the impact of economic slowdown and restructuring, though it remained below recessionary highs. 3,350 workers were made redundant in the fourth quarter of 2012, up from 2,850 in the previous quarter. For the full year of 2012, 11,010 workers were made redundant, up from 9,990 in 2011. Nonetheless, this was still less than the highs of 23,430 and 16,880 experienced during the last recession in 2009 and 2008 respectively.
Chart 9: Redundancy Quarterly
Redundancy Retrenchment
4Q08 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 9,410 12,760 5,980 2,470 2,220 2,400 2,280 1,930 3,190 2,750 2,020 1,960 3,250 2,600 2,210 2,850 3,350 350 250 600 270 490 710 370 390 560 320 320 250 420 360 7,500 10,900 5,170 2,110 1,980 1,800 2,010 1,440 2,480 2,380 1,630 1,410 2,940 2,280 1,970 2,430 2,990
Early Release of Contract Workers 1,910 1,860 810
Redundancy Early Release of Contract Workers Retrenchment
2002 20,130 1,040 19,090
2003 17,260 860 16,400
2004 10,640 450 10,190
2005 11,150 850 10,290
2006 13,090 480 12,600
2007 8,590 920 7,680
2008 16,880 2,970 13,920
2009 23,430 3,270 20,160
2010 9,800 2,070 7,740
2011 9,990 1,640 8,350
2012 11,010 1,340 9,670
Note: Before 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From Notes: 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.
(1) (2) Before 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector. Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence they may not add up to the total.
Services saw more layoffs (6,300) than in 2011 (4,430), driven mainly by increases in wholesale & retail trade, financial and professional services. Redundancy fell in manufacturing (from 4,460 to 4,050) and construction (from 1,050 to 650).
Two in three or 67% of residents made redundant were previously holding PMET jobs, disproportionately higher than the PMETs’ representation in the resident workforce (52%). Production & related workers (19%) and clerical, sales & service workers (14%) formed the remaining residents laid off in 2012. While the representation of production & related workers was similar to their workforce composition, clerical, sales & service workers were less vulnerable to layoffs, forming a disproportionately lower share of the residents laid off relative to their workforce composition (29%). By age, younger residents were less likely to be laid off, with those aged below 30 forming 10% of the residents made redundant in 2012 while constituting 19% of the resident workforce.
Table 3: Profile Of Residents Made Redundant And Resident Employees
Characteristics Total Gender Males Females Age Group Below 30 30 – 39 40 & Over Educational Attainment Below Secondary Secondary Post Secondary (Non-Tertiary) Diploma & Professional Qualification Degree Occupational Group Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers Notes: (1) (2) (3) 66.5 14.4 19.1 51.5 28.9 19.5 12.4 17.2 7.2 18.4 44.8 19.3 18.5 11.4 19.0 31.8 10.2 29.4 60.4 18.8 26.9 54.3 58.1 41.9 51.9 48.1 Residents Made Redundant, 2012 100.0 Per Cent Resident Employees Jun 2012 100.0
Data on residents made redundant pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector. Data on resident employees exclude full-time National Servicemen Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
Workers on short work-week/temporary layoff rose in 2012 The number of workers on short work-week or temporary layoff declined to 2,450 in the fourth quarter, after rising to 3,610 in the third quarter from 3,570 and 2,580 in the second and first quarter of 2012 respectively. Notwithstanding the recent quarterly decline, a higher average of 3,050 workers per quarter were placed on short work-week/ temporary layoff in 2012, up from 940 in 2011 and 410 in 2010, but still substantially lower than the 13,620 in 2009. Nearly all workers affected (99% or 3,020) were placed on short work-week, while only a small minority (0.9% or 30) were laid off temporarily in 2012. In 2012, workers on short work-week/ temporary layoff were spread mainly between services (55%) and manufacturing (45%). Slightly more than one in two (52%) were PMETs, followed by production & related workers (43%). Only a small proportion (4.8%) were clerical, sales and service workers.
Chart 10: Number Of Workers On Short Work-Week Or Temporary Layoff Quarterly
28,000 26,000 24,000 22,000 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0
Total 4Q08 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 2,080 120 1,960 1Q10 620 90 530 2Q10 290 20 260 3Q10 410 70 340 4Q10 340 60 280 1Q11 210 70 130 2Q11 180 20 160 3Q11 660 40 620 4Q11 2,720 160 2,560 1Q12 2,580 110 2,470 2Q12 3,570 10 3,570 3Q12 3,610 3,610 4Q12 2,450 2,450
7,720 26,530 19,470 6,380 5,360 880 280
Temporary layoff 1,090
Short work-week 6,630 21,170 18,590 6,100
Note: Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
Total Temporary layoff Short work-week
2002 5,540 570 4,980
2003 4,470 460 4,020
2004 1,600 200 1,400
2005 1,060 70 1,000
2006 760 160 600
2007 430 50 380
2008 2,220 320 1,910
2009 13,620 1,660 11,950
2010 410 60 350
2011 940 70 870
2012 3,050 30 3,020
- : nil or negligible Notes: (1) Before 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector. (2) Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence, they may not add up to the total. (3) Annual data are computed based on simple averages of the four quarterly data in the year.
Rate of re-entry into employment rose The rate of re-entry into employment rose, after declining in the preceding quarter. Based on CPF records, nearly three in five (57%) residents laid off in the third quarter of 2012 secured employment by December 2012. This rate of re-entry into employment within six months of redundancy rose from the 52% experienced by the previous cohort (laid off in the second quarter) in September 2012.
Chart 11: Rate Of Re-Entry Into Employment Of Residents Made Redundant (Within Six Months Of Redundancy)
Re-entry Rate
D08 M09 J09
S09 D09 M10 J10
S10 D10 M11 J11
S11 D11 M12 J12
S12 D12
Among retrenched workers 69.5 51.0 43.2 50.2 50.0 50.6 54.6 58.4 49.2 53.1 56.4 60.4 56.8 49.5 59.8 51.2 56.3 Among workers made redundant n.a n.a 43.3 50.9 52.1 50.0 54.7 58.1 50.8 53.3 56.8 59.8 59.1 49.8 60.2 51.9 57.0
n.a.: not available Note: Data refer to re-entry rates as at end of quarter for residents made redundant in the previous quarter.
The improvement was registered across most age as well as educational groups, especially among those with below secondary qualifications (from 60% to 69%) and residents aged 40 & over (from 44% to 52%). The latter along with degree holders (from 45% to 50%) continued to have re-entry rates that were notably below the overall average, notwithstanding the improvement.
Chart 12: Rate Of Re-Entry Into Employment Of Residents Made Redundant (Within Six Months Of Redundancy)
Note: Data pertain to residents who were made redundant by private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector in the second/third quarter of 2012 but re-entered employment by September / December 2012 respectively.
It should be noted that data on re-entry into employment are cohort-specific. Two different cohorts of workers laid off could yield different re-entry rates depending on the profile of the workers involved. Also, the data based on CPF records do not capture workers who went into self or informal employment or undergo training while looking for a job.
Job openings declined, but there were still more job openings than job seekers available
Job openings declined, reversing from the rise in September 2012 after two preceding quarterly declines. The seasonally adjusted vacancies decreased over the quarter by 8.7% to 47,100 in December 2012, after increasing by 13% in September 2012. On a nonseasonally adjusted basis, there were 43,900 vacancies representing 2.2% of manpower demand in December 2012, down from 51,700 or 2.7% a year ago.
Chart 13: Job Vacancy
D08 M09 J09 S09 D09 M10 J10 S10 D10 M11 J11 S11 D11 M12 J12 S12 D12 Non-Seasonally Adjusted 27.4 22.9 26.1 36.9 35.8 37.3 45.1 50.2 44.1 49.3 55.9 54.0 51.7 46.8 47.3 56.4 43.9 29.0 24.5 25.3 33.7 38.0 39.9 43.8 45.7 47.1 52.8 54.1 49.2 55.4 50.0 45.6 51.5 47.1 Seasonally Adjusted
Chart 14: Job Vacancy Rate
D08 M09 J09 S09 D09 M10 J10 S10 D10 M11 J11 S11 D11 M12 J12 S12 D12 Non-Seasonally Adjusted 1.7 1.8 Seasonally Adjusted 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.8 2.7 2.2 2.4
The decline in job openings over the year was observed across the three broad occupational groups (PMETs: -14% or -2,900; clerical, services & sales workers: -15% or -2,400; production, transport operators, cleaners & labourers: -18% or -2,500). Except for accommodation & food services, the decline was also observed across industries, with significant hiring slowdown in external-oriented industries such as wholesale trade (-33% or -1,200) and manufacturing (-23% or -1,800) as well as transportation & storage (-31% or -1,200). Given its considerable workforce size 3 , community, social & personal services reported a substantial drop in hiring numbers (-2,300) although their percentage change was less (-19%). With the decline in job openings, the seasonally adjusted ratio of job vacancies to unemployed persons fell to 110 job openings for every 100 job seekers in December 2012 from 125 in September 2012 (Chart 15).
Community, social & personal services (comprising public administration & education, health & social services, arts, entertainment & recreation and other community, social & personal services) is the largest service industry in terms of number of persons employed. Excluding FDW, there were 484,600 persons working in the industry, constituting 23% of the workforce in the services sector or 15% of the entire workforce in December 2012.
Chart 15: Ratio Of Job Vacancies To Unemployed Persons (Seasonally Adjusted)
D08 M09 J09 S09 D09 M10 J10 S10 D10 M11 J11 S11 D11 M12 J12 S12 D12
Ratio 0.54 0.36 0.40 0.54 0.80 0.86 0.96 1.07 1.06 1.32 1.17 1.18 1.20 1.05 0.91 1.25 1.10
Note: Job vacancies to unemployed ratio is calculated by taking the ratio of the estimates of the total job vacancies for the whole economy to the total number of unemployed persons. The job vacancies for the whole economy are estimated assuming that private sector establishments with less than 25 employees have the same vacancy rate as those with 25-49 employees.
Recruitment rate edged up, while resignation rate stabilised over the quarter The average monthly recruitment rate rose over the quarter by 0.2%-point to a seasonally adjusted 2.8% in the fourth quarter of 2012, reversing the decline in the previous two quarters. On the other hand, the average monthly resignation rate stabilised at a seasonally adjusted 2.0% in the fourth quarter of 2012. On a non-seasonally adjusted basis, the labour turnover was broadly stable over the year, with the recruitment rate unchanged at 2.6%, while the resignation rate inched up by 0.1%-point to 1.8% in the fourth quarter of 2012.
Chart 16: Average Monthly Recruitment And Resignation Rates Average Monthly Recruitment Rate
4Q08 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 Non-Seasonally Adjusted 2.2 2.4 Seasonally Adjusted 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.8
4Q08 1Q09 2Q09 3Q09 4Q09 1Q10 2Q10 3Q10 4Q10 1Q11 2Q11 3Q11 4Q11 1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12 Non-Seasonally Adjusted 1.6 1.8 Seasonally Adjusted 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.0
Note: Data pertain to private establishment each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
Paid hours worked remained broadly stable Total weekly paid hours worked per employee averaged 46.2 hours in December 2012, unchanged from September 2012 and marginally above 46.1 hours in December 2011. Weekly paid overtime hours broadly followed the same trend, averaging 3.8 hours per week in December 2012, unchanged from a quarter before, but slightly up from 3.6 hours in December 2011.
Chart 17: Average Weekly Paid Hours Worked Per Employee Total
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 0
Hours 46.0 45.6 45.9 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.3 46.3 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.1 46.2 46.4 46.2 46.2
D08 M09 J09 S09 D09 M10 J10 S10 D10 M11 J11 S11 D11 M12 J12 S12 D12 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.8
Median income continued to rise, even after adjusting for inflation Amid the tight labour market, the nominal income from work of Singaporeans continued to rise, though at a slower pace in 2012, reflecting the weaker economic conditions. The median monthly income from work (including employer CPF contributions) of full-time employed citizens rose over the year by 5.8% to $3,248 in June 2012, down from the growth of 6.3% in 2011. Balanced by lower inflation,4 the real median income growth was 1.2% in 2012, compared with 1.0% in 2011. The adjustment for inflation was made using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all items, including imputed rentals on owner-occupied accommodation. When adjusted using CPI excluding the imputed rentals (which do not involve actual cash expenditures), the growth in real median income of full-time employed citizens was 2.1% in 2012, compared with 2.0% in 2011.
Chart 18: Median Gross Monthly Income From Work Of Full-Time Employed Singapore Citizens, 2002 To 2012 (June)
$ 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Median
2003 2,320
2004 2,260
2007 2,449
2011 3,070
2012 3,248
Source: Comprehensive Labour Force Survey, MOM Notes: (1) Income from work includes employer CPF contributions for employees. (2) Data exclude full-time National Servicemen. (3) n.a. – Not available. The Comprehensive Labour Force Survey was not conducted in 2005 due to the conduct of the General Household Survey 2005 by the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry. (4) * - Deflated by Consumer Price Index for all items at 2009 prices (2009 = 100). Figures in brackets are deflated by Consumer Price Index less imputed rentals on owner-occupied accommodation at 2009 prices (2009 = 100).
The Consumer Price Index for all items rose over the year by 4.6% in 2012, down from the increase of 5.2% in 2011. Excluding imputed rentals on owner-occupied accommodation, the increase in CPI were 3.6% in 2012 and 4.2% in 2011.
Real income for lower-income Singaporeans at the 20th percentile rose over the last five years Cumulatively over the last five years, the median monthly income from work (including employer CPF contributions) of full-time employed citizens rose by 33% from $2,449 in 2007 to $3,248 in 2012, or 5.8% p.a. The real increase after adjusting for inflation using the CPI for all items was 9.3% or 1.8% p.a. (13% or 2.5% p.a. if deflated by CPI excluding imputed rentals on owner-occupied accommodation). The income at the 20th percentile of full-time employed citizens rose by 27% over the last five years from $1,300 in 2007 to $1,647 in 2012, or 4.8% p.a.5 Factoring in inflation, the real income growth at the 20th percentile level was 4.4% or 0.9% p.a. (8.2% or 1.6% p.a. if deflated by CPI excluding imputed rentals on owner-occupied accommodation).
Table 4: Change In Gross Monthly Income From Work Of Full-Time Employed Singapore Citizens, 2007 To 2012 (June)
Nominal Cumulative (%) 32.6 Annualised (% p.a.) 5.8 Cumulative (%) 9.3 (13.2) 20th Percentile 26.7 4.8 4.4 (8.2) Real* Annualised (% p.a.) 1.8 (2.5) 0.9 (1.6)
Notes: (1) Income from work includes employer CPF contributions for employees. (2) Data exclude full-time National Servicemen. (3) * – Deflated by Consumer Price Index for all items at 2009 prices (2009 = 100). Figures in brackets are deflated by Consumer Price Index less imputed rentals on owner-occupied accommodation at 2009 prices (2009 = 100).
The time series on gross monthly income from work of full-time employed Singapore citizens at the 50th and 20th percentile is in the Statistical Appendix.
As the data are captured from a sample survey, the income changes for the 20 th percentile nearer the end of the income spectrum tend to be more volatile over shorter (e.g. year-on-year) than longer periods (e.g. 5 or 10 years). Studying income at the 20th percentile level over longer periods allows for more meaningful analysis of the income growth, as the year-on-year volatility in the data gets smoothened out.
1.1 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
Total Employment Change Industry (SSIC 2010) TOTAL C10-32 C10-12 C17,18,22 C19-21 C25,28 C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 H49,5221 H50,5222, 5225 H51,5223 I55-56 I55 I56 J58-63 J58-61 J62-63 K64-66 K64 & 66 (excl.662) K65 & 662 L68 M69-75 M69-70 M71 N77-82 N80 N81 O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 S,T,U A,B,D,E,V MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE Land Transport & Supporting Services Water Transport & Supporting Services Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Accommodation Food & Beverage Services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing IT & Other Information Services FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES Financial Services Insurance Services REAL ESTATE SERVICES PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Legal, Accounting & Management Services Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES Security & Investigation Cleaning & Landscaping Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation Other Community, Social & Personal Services OTHERS* 2010
115.9 -0.8 1.4 0.1 -3.7 3.5 5.2 -9.3 2.1 3.4 112.6 14.5 12.2 2.3 6.2 1.6 0.6 1.5 2.5 12.7 3.7 9.0 8.8 1.9 6.9 11.4 10.4 1.0 2.2 13.1 8.9 1.5 2.8 9.7 0.2 2.1 7.3 34.0 7.2 7.4 12.3 7.1 0.7
In Thousands 2011 IV
37.6 -1.4 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -1.6 1.7 -0.9 8.4 30.2 7.9 2.2 5.7 1.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 6.2 1.1 5.0 0.7 -0.1 0.7 2.1 1.8 0.3 1.7 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 1.4 0.1 -0.3 1.6 8.0 1.9 1.3 1.9 3.0 0.4
122.6 3.4 0.6 -0.5 -1.4 4.1 -4.7 5.8 -0.3 22.0 96.1 15.9 8.8 7.1 6.7 1.3 1.3 1.8 2.2 9.2 1.3 7.8 8.0 1.2 6.8 10.9 10.4 0.5 3.1 10.7 4.6 3.2 2.9 7.2 1.9 0.3 5.0 24.3 7.5 7.5 3.4 5.9 1.1
129.1 11.4 1.8 -1.0 11.1 1.7 -3.1 0.5 0.4 39.1 77.0 10.1 3.1 7.0 8.6 2.5 0.6 2.1 3.5 8.0 1.5 6.5 0.9 -0.8 1.7 6.5 5.4 1.1 4.8 9.0 2.7 3.6 2.7 8.7 2.3 3.7 2.7 20.4 9.9 9.0 -1.6 3.0 1.5
27.2 2.0 0.2 0.1 1.9 1.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 8.7 15.8 0.7 -2.1 2.8 2.2 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.8 0.8 1.9 -0.5 -1.7 0.5 0.7 3.4 1.5 2.5 -0.6 8.8 5.9 2.9 -1.7 1.7 0.7
31.7 4.7 0.4 3.5 -0.5 0.5 0.9 9.7 17.3 2.0 1.9 0.1 2.2 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.7 -0.9 -0.8 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.8 1.8 1.9 -0.1 1.2 2.9 0.5 1.5 0.9 4.6 0.4 1.1 3.1 3.0 0.9 2.8 -0.5 -0.3 -
26.2 3.7 0.3 -0.4 4.4 0.3 -1.0 0.4 -0.3 9.7 12.7 0.1 0.3 -0.2 1.5 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.6 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.5 2.9 2.6 0.4 1.0 3.7 1.8 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.5 1.4 0.7 1.9 -0.2 -1.0 0.1
44.0 0.9 1.0 -0.7 1.4 -0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.1 11.1 31.2 7.3 2.9 4.3 2.8 1.0 0.4 0.2 1.3 7.9 1.0 7.0 0.1 -0.4 0.5 1.7 1.8 0.7 2.8 2.1 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.7 7.3 2.3 1.4 0.8 2.7 0.8
Total Employment Level in Dec 2012
3 357.6 535.0 38.2 39.1 63.9 108.2 92.4 132.7 60.5 441.8 2 355.9 466.6 307.4 159.1 217.7 85.0 46.9 27.6 58.2 217.1 35.1 181.9 105.4 36.9 68.5 183.1 153.4 29.7 88.4 207.4 98.4 60.5 48.6 175.9 36.2 44.1 95.6 694.2 218.9 112.4 54.6 308.2 25.0
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. '-' : nil or negligible Notes : 1) Change in employment is the difference in the employment level at the end of the reference period compared with the end of the preceding period. 2) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
Source : Administrative Records
In Thousands Characteristics 2010 2011 2012 2011 Dec Mar Jun 2012 Sep Dec
UNEMPLOYED RESIDENTS BY GENDER, AGE AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
54.3 (60.5)
59.1 (64.0)
79.0 (60.2)
51.6 (59.6)
50.5 (55.9)
Degree () Notes : seasonally adjusted
Source : Labour Force Survey, MOM
1) Quarterly figures are as at end of quarter. 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals. 3) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
Per Cent Characteristics 2010 2011 2012 2011 Dec Mar Jun 2012 Sep Dec
RESIDENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY GENDER, AGE AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Degree () Notes : 1) Quarterly figures are as at end of quarter. seasonally adjusted
2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYED RESIDENTS BY GENDER, AGE AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Source : Labour Force Survey, MOM Notes : 1) Quarterly figures are as at end of quarter. 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals. 3) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
RESIDENT LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY GENDER, AGE AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Source : Labour Force Survey, MOM Notes :
1) Quarterly figures are as at end of quarter. 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
2010 2011 2012 2011 IV
3 250 1 660 370 120 140 720 40 260 240 1 360 320 210 110 30 20 20 20 150 90 60 390 380 10 70 250 150 60 40 70 10 50 70 10 30 30 -
Number of Workers 2012 I
2 600 750 10 170 40 170 150 80 130 260 1 580 420 390 30 80 40 40 200 100 110 200 80 120 380 370 10 40 160 120 20 30 70 20 40 40 20 20 -
2 210 520 100 60 170 130 10 50 180 1 510 370 340 30 90 60 10 10 30 30 200 90 110 420 420 10 20 210 160 10 40 80 80 100 30 60 -
2 850 1 200 10 100 100 90 830 20 40 140 1 510 570 300 280 80 50 30 30 30 130 40 80 200 200 350 140 160 40 80 80 80 10 30 10 30 10
3 350 1 580 220 40 330 700 10 290 70 1 690 470 250 220 30 10 30 10 10 180 130 50 390 320 60 510 130 280 90 70 10 60 20 10 20 -
TOTAL INDUSTRY (SSIC 2010) C10-32 MANUFACTURING
9 800 4 490 20 470 160 1 530 1 750 310 250 1 350 3 960 1 170 940 220 320 60 90 110 70 130 130 340 220 120 610 570 40 130 720 370 330 20 280 50 230 260 50 30 50 130 -
9 990 4 460 10 660 330 630 2 060 180 600 1 050 4 430 1 050 750 300 230 70 70 30 70 350 210 140 480 250 220 860 790 70 130 940 450 200 290 130 20 110 260 10 50 190 50
11 010 4 050 30 590 240 750 1 820 130 510 650 6 300 1 830 1 270 560 280 10 150 10 110 270 100 170 710 340 370 1 380 1 310 80 60 1 230 560 470 200 300 20 20 260 240 50 40 100 60 10
C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing C19-21 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C25,28 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment C26 Electronic, Computer & Optical Products C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
H49,5221 Land Transport & Supporting Services H50,5222, Water Transport & Supporting Services 5225 H51,5223 Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services I55-56 I55 I56 J58-63 J58-61 J62-63 ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Accommodation Food & Beverage Services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing IT & Other Information Services
K64-66 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES K64 & 66 Financial Services (excl.662) K65 & 662 Insurance Services L68 M69-75 M69-70 M71 N77-82 N80 N81 O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 REAL ESTATE SERVICES PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Legal, Accounting & Management Services Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES Security & Investigation Cleaning & Landscaping Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
S,T,U Other Community, Social & Personal Services A,B,D,E,V OTHERS* OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
3 450 1 450 4 900
4 170 1 080 4 750
5 960 1 480 3 570
1 410 280 1 560
1 190 350 1 050
1 410 270 530
1 610 440 810
1 750 420 1 170
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. '-' : nil or negligible Notes : 2) Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence, they may not add up to the total.
Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM
1) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
Number of Workers Occupational Group
ProfesProduction sionals, Clerical, & Transport Managers, Sales & Operators, Executives Service Cleaners &Technici- Workers &Laboureans rs 5 960 1 630 70 150 240 970 20 170 90 4 250 990 880 100 160 110 10 40 20 10 10 670 320 350 1 300 1 240 60 10 820 490 150 180 180 170 100 30 30 30 10 10 1 480 270 10 10 20 30 170 40 30 1 170 610 180 430 60 30 30 170 60 110 40 20 20 80 60 20 60 40 10 10 50 10 40 110 20 50 40 3 570 2 160 20 510 70 480 690 100 300 530 880 240 210 30 60 20 40 80 30 50 40 350 20 310 10 70 20 50 30 20 10 -
WORKERS MADE REDUNDANT BY INDUSTRY, REASONS FOR REDUNDANCY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2012
Recessio Poor n/ Down- Business/ turn In Business Industry Failure * 1 800 850 10 180 20 410 180 20 30 130 830 190 190 40 10 30 60 50 20 170 170 210 60 130 20 140 140 20 10 2 580 1 180 10 180 30 400 310 20 240 190 1 200 670 210 460 70 30 30 60 60 80 70 10 10 120 40 50 30 90 10 70 120 40 70 10 Product Early ReorgaLine Complenisation / Was Others tion of RestrucDiscontiProject turing nued 6 400 2 190 10 30 170 200 1 560 30 180 40 4 160 1 210 1 160 60 180 100 10 80 10 10 540 310 230 1 410 1 330 90 10 620 450 60 120 80 80 90 10 30 40 10 810 500 250 10 130 80 40 40 270 90 70 20 20 20 60 60 20 20 40 30 20 10 10 30 30 820 110 10 10 80 150 560 10 10 90 90 70 70 30 350 350 10 10 10 250 10 10 40 210 10 10 110 100 20 10 50 50 20 20 -
TOTAL C10-32 C10-12 MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco
4 510 2 620 20 510 270 240 890 10 680 520 1 370 300 240 60 100 60 40 140 140 130 100 30 200 200 330 150 120 60 50 50 120 80 10 30 -
C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing C19-21 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C25,28 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
H49,5221 Land Transport & Supporting Services H50,5222, Water Transport & Supporting Services 5225 H51,5223 I55-56 I55 I56 J58-63 J58-61 J62-63 Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Accommodation Food & Beverage Services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing IT & Other Information Services
K64-66 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES K64 & 66 Financial Services (excl.662) K65 & 662 Insurance Services L68 M69-75 M69-70 M71 N77-82 N80 N81 O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 S,T,U REAL ESTATE SERVICES PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Legal, Accounting & Management Services Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES Security & Investigation Cleaning & Landscaping Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation Other Community, Social & Personal Services
A,B,D,E,V OTHERS** * Not due to recession.
** Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. '-' : nil or negligible Notes : 1) Establishments can indicate more than one reason for their redundancies. 2) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector. 3) Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence, they may not add up to the total.
2 940 1 550 360 120 110 720 10 220 160 1 220 300 200 100 20 20 20 20 130 90 40 390 380 10 40 220 150 30 40 50 50 40 10 30 10 -
RETRENCHED WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
2010 2011 2012 Number of Workers 2012 I
2 280 610 160 30 150 150 110 220 1 450 400 370 30 80 40 40 190 100 100 170 80 90 370 370 10 10 150 120 10 20 40 20 20 30 20 10 -
1 970 480 60 60 170 120 10 50 130 1 360 360 330 30 80 60 10 10 10 10 150 80 70 410 400 10 210 160 10 40 40 40 100 30 60 -
2 430 1 100 10 100 100 60 780 10 40 50 1 270 550 280 280 70 50 20 30 30 80 40 40 200 200 200 140 10 40 70 70 80 10 30 10 20 10
2 990 1 530 220 40 290 700 10 280 40 1 410 470 240 220 30 10 20 10 10 180 130 50 390 320 60 310 120 90 90 20 20 20 20 -
TOTAL INDUSTRY (SSIC 2010) C10-32 MANUFACTURING C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing C19-21 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C25,28 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment C26 Electronic, Computer & Optical Products C29-30 Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries F41-43 CONSTRUCTION G-U SERVICES G46-47 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE G46 Wholesale Trade G47 Retail Trade H49-53 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE H49,5221 Land Transport & Supporting Services H50,5222, Water Transport & Supporting Services 5225 H51,5223 Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services I55-56 ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES I55 Accommodation I56 Food & Beverage Services J58-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS J58-61 Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing J62-63 IT & Other Information Services K64-66 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES K64 & 66 Financial Services (excl.662) K65 & 662 Insurance Services L68 REAL ESTATE SERVICES M69-75 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES M69-70 Legal, Accounting & Management Services M71 Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services N77-82 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES N80 Security & Investigation N81 Cleaning & Landscaping O-U O84,P85 Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
7 740 3 780 20 470 160 910 1 710 260 250 550 3 410 1 090 870 210 300 50 80 110 60 130 130 330 210 120 590 560 40 20 490 360 110 10 220 50 180 240 50 30 50 120 -
8 350 3 920 10 640 320 410 2 050 70 410 470 3 920 980 690 300 150 30 60 30 40 350 210 140 410 250 160 840 770 70 80 790 390 120 280 90 10 90 220 10 40 170 50
9 670 3 710 10 540 230 670 1 750 40 480 450 5 500 1 780 1 230 560 260 150 10 100 230 100 140 580 340 240 1 360 1 290 80 30 870 540 130 200 170 20 140 230 50 40 100 50 10
Q86-88 R90-93 S,T,U Other Community, Social & Personal Services A,B,D,E,V OTHERS* OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
3 250 1 280 3 200
3 940 970 3 440
5 550 1 390 2 720
1 350 270 1 310
1 130 330 820
1 310 240 420
1 460 420 560
1 660 400 930
320 150 10 10 10 20 80 20 40 130 10 10 10 10 30 30 20 10 10 30 30 10 10 70 20 230
EARLY RELEASE OF CONTRACT WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
320 110 40 30 40 80 140 10 10 20 20 30 30 30 10 10 20 20 60 10 250
250 50 30 10 50 150 10 10 20 20 50 40 10 10 10 40 40 100 30 120
420 90 30 50 10 90 240 20 20 10 10 50 50 150 150 10 10 150 20 250
360 50 40 10 10 30 280 10 10 10 10 10 10 200 10 190 60 10 40 100 20 250
TOTAL INDUSTRY (SSIC 2010) C10-32 MANUFACTURING C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing C19-21 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C25,28 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment C26 Electronic, Computer & Optical Products C29-30 Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries F41-43 CONSTRUCTION G-U SERVICES G46-47 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE G46 Wholesale Trade G47 Retail Trade H49-53 TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE H49,5221 Land Transport & Supporting Services H50,5222, Water Transport & Supporting Services 5225 H51,5223 Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services I55-56 ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES I55 Accommodation I56 Food & Beverage Services J58-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS J58-61 Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing J62-63 IT & Other Information Services K64-66 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES K64 & 66 Financial Services (excl.662) K65 & 662 Insurance Services L68 REAL ESTATE SERVICES M69-75 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES M69-70 Legal, Accounting & Management Services M71 Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services N77-82 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES N80 Security & Investigation N81 Cleaning & Landscaping O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 S,T,U A,B,D,E,V Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation Other Community, Social & Personal Services OTHERS* OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
2 070 710 620 30 50 800 550 80 70 10 30 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 10 10 110 230 10 220 10 60 10 60 20 10 10 200 170 1 700
1 640 540 10 220 10 120 190 580 520 70 70 10 80 50 10 30 70 70 20 20 50 150 60 80 10 40 10 20 40 10 20 220 110 1 310
1 340 340 10 50 10 80 70 90 30 200 800 50 50 20 20 30 30 130 130 20 20 30 360 20 340 130 10 120 20 10 410 80 840
WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK OR TEMPORARY LAY-OFF BY SECTOR AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK OR TEMPORARY LAY-OFF
Number of Workers 2010 2011 2012 2011 IV I II 2012 III IV
TOTAL SECTOR Manufacturing Construction Services Others* OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
80 80 260 110 150 680 1 600 150 1 310 260 450 2 010 2 140 180 260 1 980 150 1 440 1 980 170 1 460 290 80 2 080 220 50 140 560 30 350 1 370 10 1 680 1 900 20 800 300 2 280 1 470 2 100 1 410 10 2 190 2 300 140 410 940 3 050 2 720 2 580 3 570 3 610 2 450
WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK
70 70 220 100 140 630 1 590 140 1 290 230 430 1 910 2 120 160 190 1 970 150 1 440 1 980 170 1 460 290 80 2 070 200 40 110 530 20 320 1 360 1 670 1 800 10 750 240 2 230 1 470 2 100 1 410 10 2 190 2 300 140 350 870 3 020 2 560 2 470 3 570 3 610 2 450
WORKERS ON TEMPORARY LAY-OFF
10 10 40 10 10 50 10 20 40 20 100 20 20 80 10 20 10 30 30 20 30 20 10 110 10 50 60 50 10 60 70 30 160 110 10 -
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. '-' : nil or negligible Notes :
1) Annual figures are simple averages of the quarterly figures. It refers to the average number of workers on short work-week or temporary lay-off per quarter. 2) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector. 3) Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence, they may not add up to the total.
PROPORTION OF RESIDENTS MADE REDUNDANT WHO RE-ENTERED EMPLOYMENT WITHIN 6 MONTHS OF REDUNDANCY BY GENDER, AGE, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PRIOR TO REDUNDANCY
Characteristics 2011 2012 2011 IV I II 2012 III
Per Cent IV
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PRIOR TO REDUNDANCY
Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers 64.5 Notes : 1) Quarterly figures show the rates of re-entry into employment as at end of the quarter for the residents made redundant in the previous quarter. 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures. 3) Data pertain to residents made redundant by private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board
In Thousands 2010 TOTAL INDUSTRY (SSIC 2010)
44.2 8.2 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.8 2.7 1.5 0.7 2.7 32.9 4.8 2.7 2.1 3.1 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 3.9 1.0 2.9 1.4 0.6 0.8 2.5 2.1 0.4 1.4 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 3.2 1.7 0.6 0.9 10.6 6.5 1.9 1.3 0.9 0.4 20.1 12.0 12.1
JOB VACANCY BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
51.7 7.8 0.8 0.5 0.4 2.6 2.0 1.1 0.5 3.4 39.9 6.6 3.7 2.9 3.9 1.3 0.4 1.5 0.8 4.4 1.2 3.2 1.7 0.6 1.1 2.3 1.8 0.4 1.8 2.5 0.9 0.8 0.8 4.2 2.3 1.2 0.8 12.6 7.2 2.5 1.9 1.0 0.6 21.4 16.2 14.1
52.7 8.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 2.1 2.5 2.1 0.6 3.6 39.6 5.7 3.3 2.4 3.5 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.7 4.3 1.1 3.2 1.7 0.7 1.0 2.8 2.3 0.5 1.9 2.5 1.1 0.7 0.7 4.5 2.3 1.1 1.1 12.6 7.1 2.6 1.9 1.0 0.6 22.8 15.0 14.9
48.6 7.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 2.1 1.7 1.3 0.6 3.4 37.3 5.9 3.1 2.8 3.3 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.9 4.9 1.1 3.8 1.5 0.6 0.9 2.5 2.1 0.4 1.8 2.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 3.7 1.5 1.2 1.0 11.2 6.3 2.5 1.4 1.0 0.8 20.4 14.6 13.5
46.8 7.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 2.4 1.9 1.3 0.6 3.3 35.3 5.5 3.1 2.4 3.5 1.1 0.4 1.2 0.8 4.2 1.1 3.1 1.3 0.6 0.7 2.7 2.3 0.4 1.4 2.3 1.0 0.6 0.6 3.4 1.5 1.2 0.7 11.0 6.4 2.5 1.3 0.8 0.5 20.6 13.8 12.4
47.3 7.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.6 2.0 1.4 0.5 3.4 35.4 5.4 3.0 2.4 3.6 0.9 0.8 1.3 0.6 3.4 0.9 2.5 1.5 0.7 0.8 2.5 2.1 0.3 2.4 2.4 1.0 0.8 0.6 3.4 1.6 1.1 0.7 10.8 6.0 2.6 1.5 0.7 0.8 20.0 13.3 14.0
56.4 7.1 0.8 0.4 0.4 2.1 1.4 1.3 0.8 4.1 44.2 7.0 3.6 3.4 3.5 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.1 6.8 1.2 5.5 1.8 0.6 1.1 2.7 2.2 0.4 2.0 3.1 1.4 0.9 0.7 4.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 12.6 7.1 2.7 1.3 1.4 1.0 22.7 17.6 16.1
43.9 6.0 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 0.6 2.7 34.3 5.7 2.5 3.2 2.7 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.9 5.0 1.2 3.9 1.5 0.6 0.9 2.1 1.6 0.5 1.3 2.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 3.3 1.3 0.8 1.1 10.3 5.8 2.1 1.4 1.0 0.9 18.4 13.9 11.6
C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C19-21 C25,28 C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
H49,5221 Land Transport & Supporting Services H50,5222, Water Transport & Supporting Services 5225 H51,5223 I55-56 I55 I56 J58-63 J58-61 J62-63 K64-66 K64 & 66 (excl.662) Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Accommodation Food & Beverage Services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing IT & Other Information Services FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES Financial Services
K65 & 662 Insurance Services REAL ESTATE SERVICES L68 M69-75 M69-70 M71 N77-82 N80 N81 O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 S,T,U PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Legal, Accounting & Management Services Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES Security & Investigation Cleaning & Landscaping Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation Other Community, Social & Personal Services OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
A,B,D,E,V OTHERS*
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Notes : 2) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. 3) Annual figures are the simple averages of the figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
Per Cent 2010 TOTAL INDUSTRY (SSIC 2010)
2.5 2.1 2.3 1.9 1.6 1.9 2.9 1.6 2.1 1.2 3.0 2.4 2.0 3.3 2.5 3.3 1.8 3.3 1.9 4.1 4.3 4.0 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.4 2.3 3.1 2.8 1.9 2.2 1.3 2.6 3.4 5.4 2.4 2.5 3.9 4.5 2.9 3.5 3.5 2.2 2.9 3.0
2.7 2.0 3.5 1.7 1.5 2.7 2.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 3.2 3.0 2.4 4.4 2.9 4.4 1.0 4.8 1.9 3.9 4.8 3.6 2.6 2.3 2.8 1.9 1.7 2.9 3.1 2.1 1.7 1.8 3.6 4.1 6.8 3.3 2.3 4.2 4.6 3.5 4.4 3.4 3.3 2.7 3.7 2.1
2.8 2.3 3.0 1.9 1.6 2.2 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.5 3.3 2.6 2.1 3.7 2.6 4.0 1.3 4.1 1.7 4.1 4.7 4.0 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.4 3.2 3.5 2.2 2.1 1.7 3.3 4.4 6.9 3.3 3.1 4.3 4.6 3.6 4.7 3.6 3.1 3.0 3.6
2.5 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.2 3.0 2.7 2.0 4.4 2.4 3.0 1.4 3.4 2.1 4.4 4.8 4.2 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.0 1.9 2.8 3.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 3.0 3.5 4.3 3.1 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.2 3.4 3.3 4.1 2.5 3.4 1.9
2.4 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.5 2.5 2.1 1.3 1.7 1.3 2.9 2.6 2.1 3.8 2.6 3.6 1.2 4.0 2.0 3.8 4.7 3.5 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.5 1.9 1.8 1.5 3.0 3.3 4.6 3.2 2.1 3.6 4.0 3.4 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.6 3.2 1.8
2.5 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.9 2.6 2.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 2.9 2.5 2.0 3.7 2.6 3.0 2.0 4.1 1.6 3.1 3.8 3.0 2.3 2.6 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.4 4.1 2.0 1.8 1.8 2.9 3.3 4.5 3.1 2.1 3.5 3.8 3.4 3.6 2.4 4.3 2.5 3.1 2.0
2.8 1.7 3.0 1.6 1.5 2.0 1.6 1.3 2.1 1.5 3.4 3.1 2.3 5.2 2.4 2.8 1.5 3.1 2.5 6.0 5.2 6.2 2.8 2.4 3.2 2.2 2.1 2.8 3.4 2.3 2.4 1.8 3.1 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.4 3.3 4.7 5.0 2.7 4.0 2.3
2.2 1.5 2.2 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.8 1.2 1.7 1.0 2.7 2.5 1.6 4.8 1.9 2.5 0.9 2.3 2.1 4.6 5.3 4.4 2.6 2.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 3.3 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.6 3.1 3.0 3.8 2.1 3.2 3.3 3.6 2.6 3.5 3.5 4.4 2.3 3.2 1.6
H49,5221 Land Transport & Supporting Services H50,5222, Water Transport & Supporting Services 5225 H51,5223 Air Transport & Supporting Services I55-56 I55 I56 J58-63 J58-61 J62-63 Other Transportation & Storage Services ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Accommodation Food & Beverage Services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing IT & Other Information Services
K64-66 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES K64 & 66 Financial Services (excl.662) K65 & 662 Insurance Services REAL ESTATE SERVICES L68 M69-75 M69-70 M71 N77-82 N80 N81 O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Legal, Accounting & Management Services Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES Security & Investigation Cleaning & Landscaping Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
S,T,U Other Community, Social & Personal Services A,B,D,E,V OTHERS* OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers
1.9 2.3 Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers * Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management.
Notes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector. 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
JOB VACANCY AND JOB VACANCY RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2012
Occupational Group Total Industry (SSIC 2010) Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians
Vacancy ( ' 000 ) 20.4 2.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.7 16.5 1.7 1.4 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.4 0.9 2.0 1.7 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 7.7 5.6 1.6 0.3 0.3 0.6 Vacancy Rate (%) 2.5 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 2.6 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.1 3.7 1.8 2.6 4.0 1.9 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.0 1.9 3.1 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.8 3.2 2.5 2.8 3.6 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.2 6.4
Vacancy ( ' 000 ) 14.6 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 13.9 3.5 1.0 2.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.2 3.4 0.5 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.1 1.8 1.4 0.1 0.3 2.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.4 Vacancy Rate (%) 3.4 1.8 2.7 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.0 3.6 3.7 2.1 5.3 2.5 3.2 1.2 3.0 1.9 4.5 4.7 4.5 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.9 3.6 2.7 3.0 1.6 3.0 4.1 4.4 2.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.6 4.2 -
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
Vacancy ( ' 000 ) 13.5 3.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 1.3 0.6 0.8 0.4 2.5 7.0 0.8 0.6 0.2 1.6 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.2 1.4 0.1 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 Vacancy Rate (%) 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.1 1.7 1.2 2.8 1.6 1.5 2.2 2.6 3.2 1.7 5.2 2.4 5.3 5.5 5.2 3.5 1.4 1.5 3.2 12.4 3.2 2.5 3.2 1.7 3.6 3.2 3.8 2.1
Vacancy ( ' 000 )
Vacancy Rate (%) 2.5 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.6 2.1 1.9 1.3 1.7 1.2 3.0 2.7 2.0 4.4 2.4 3.0 1.4 3.4 2.1 4.4 4.8 4.2 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.0 1.9 2.8 3.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 3.0 3.5 4.3 3.1 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.2 3.4 3.3 4.1
TOTAL C10-32 MANUFACTURING C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C19-21 C25,28 C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
48.6 7.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 2.1 1.7 1.3 0.6 3.4 37.3 5.9 3.1 2.8 3.3 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.9 4.9 1.1 3.8 1.5 0.6 0.9 2.5 2.1 0.4 1.8 2.5 1.1 0.8 0.7 3.7 1.5 1.2 1.0 11.2 6.3 2.5 1.4 1.0 0.8
S,T,U Other Community, Social & Personal Services A,B,D,E,V OTHERS*
1) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector. 2) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
2.8 2.0 3.2 2.3 1.5 2.0 2.2 1.5 2.3 2.5 3.2 3.6 2.8 5.2 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.5 3.4 4.7 4.0 5.0 3.2 2.3 3.9 2.7 2.8 2.5 3.9 2.7 3.2 2.1 2.9 4.8 5.3 5.1 4.2 2.3 1.3 2.4 5.9 3.0 2.0 2.2 4.0 2.7
AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
2.6 1.6 2.9 1.7 1.1 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.8 3.0 2.8 3.4 2.5 5.4 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.7 2.5 5.2 2.9 5.9 2.8 2.6 3.0 1.8 1.7 2.3 3.8 2.6 2.9 2.3 2.4 4.6 6.0 4.9 3.2 1.6 0.9 2.0 3.0 2.7 1.7 1.8 3.9 2.7
2.7 2.0 3.1 2.0 1.4 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.8 3.0 3.2 2.6 4.7 2.4 2.5 2.1 1.7 3.0 4.9 3.7 5.2 3.0 2.5 3.3 2.4 2.4 3.0 4.1 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.8 4.9 5.6 5.0 4.0 1.9 1.3 2.3 2.9 2.9 2.1 2.1 3.8 2.8
2.8 1.9 3.1 2.1 1.6 2.2 1.6 1.5 2.2 3.4 2.9 3.4 2.8 4.9 2.3 2.5 2.2 1.7 2.8 4.6 3.5 4.8 2.8 2.6 2.9 1.9 1.8 2.5 4.1 2.9 2.6 3.5 2.5 4.6 5.1 5.0 3.7 1.8 1.3 2.3 2.4 2.9 2.4 1.9 3.7 3.1
2.7 2.0 3.0 2.6 1.9 2.2 1.8 1.4 2.1 3.0 2.9 3.4 2.8 4.7 2.2 2.5 1.9 1.8 2.7 4.4 3.6 4.6 2.7 2.6 2.8 1.6 1.5 2.4 3.9 2.6 2.4 2.8 2.5 4.8 5.0 5.4 3.8 1.9 1.4 2.3 2.4 3.2 2.4 1.9 3.6 3.0
2.9 2.1 3.0 2.4 1.6 2.6 2.0 1.3 2.2 3.6 3.1 3.8 3.2 5.2 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 3.1 4.5 3.9 4.7 2.8 2.6 3.0 2.1 2.0 2.7 4.3 3.0 2.5 3.7 2.5 4.9 5.4 5.6 3.5 2.0 1.2 2.9 2.6 3.0 2.6 2.0 3.9 3.4
2.8 1.9 3.2 1.9 1.7 2.2 1.5 1.7 2.2 3.4 3.0 3.0 2.5 4.3 2.5 2.7 2.2 1.6 3.1 4.4 3.5 4.6 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.3 2.2 2.7 3.9 3.7 3.4 4.7 2.7 4.7 5.4 4.6 4.0 2.0 1.6 2.3 2.6 3.0 2.6 2.2 3.7 3.1
2.6 1.6 3.1 1.6 1.1 1.7 0.9 1.5 2.2 3.6 2.7 3.5 2.8 5.3 2.2 2.4 2.6 1.2 2.4 4.9 3.1 5.4 2.6 2.3 2.8 1.7 1.6 2.3 4.1 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.1 4.0 4.4 4.2 3.5 1.4 0.9 1.7 2.1 2.6 2.1 1.6 3.7 3.1
C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products C19-21 C25,28 C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 H49,5221 H50,5222, 5225 H51,5223 I55-56 I55 I56 J58-63 J58-61 J62-63 Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE Land Transport & Supporting Services Water Transport & Supporting Services Air Transport & Supporting Services Other Transportation & Storage Services ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES Accommodation Food & Beverage Services INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications, Broadcasting & Publishing IT & Other Information Services
K64-66 FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE SERVICES K64 & 66 Financial Services (excl.662) K65 & 662 Insurance Services REAL ESTATE SERVICES L68 M69-75 M69-70 M71 N77-82 N80 N81 O-U O84,P85 Q86-88 R90-93 S,T,U A,B,D,E,V PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Legal, Accounting & Management Services Architectural & Engineering Services Other Professional Services ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES Security & Investigation Cleaning & Landscaping Other Administrative & Support Services COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES Public Administration & Education Health & Social Services Arts, Entertainment & Recreation Other Community, Social & Personal Services OTHERS* OCCUPATIONAL GROUP Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Clerical, Sales & Service Workers Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Notes : 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
2.0 1.5 2.8 2.1 0.9 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.9 2.1 4.7 1.6 1.7 1.3 0.9 2.3 4.1 3.0 4.4 2.1 1.6 2.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 3.3 1.9 2.2 1.5 2.2 4.1 4.4 5.1 3.0 1.2 0.7 1.3 2.0 2.6 1.6 1.4 3.1 2.1
AVERAGE MONTHLY RESIGNATION RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
1.7 1.3 2.3 1.5 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.3 1.8 3.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.9 3.9 2.2 4.4 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.6 2.6 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.9 3.6 4.7 4.0 2.3 1.0 0.5 1.1 1.5 2.1 1.3 1.1 2.7 1.8
2.0 1.6 2.7 2.0 0.9 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.8 1.7 2.2 2.6 1.9 4.2 1.6 1.7 1.3 0.9 2.3 4.2 2.8 4.6 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.7 3.2 1.8 1.9 1.6 2.1 3.9 4.5 4.5 2.8 1.2 0.7 1.4 1.9 2.5 1.7 1.4 3.0 2.1
2.1 1.6 2.5 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.8 2.3 2.9 2.2 4.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.9 2.4 4.3 3.2 4.6 2.0 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 3.3 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.0 4.1 4.6 4.7 3.1 1.2 0.7 1.3 1.9 2.5 1.7 1.3 3.1 2.2
2.1 1.7 2.5 2.3 1.0 1.8 1.8 1.2 2.0 1.9 2.4 3.2 2.4 4.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.0 2.5 4.5 3.4 4.8 2.2 1.9 2.4 1.0 0.9 1.4 3.3 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.0 4.3 4.6 5.2 3.1 1.3 0.8 1.5 1.8 2.7 1.6 1.3 3.3 2.4
2.2 1.8 2.6 2.4 1.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.4 3.1 2.5 4.4 1.8 1.7 1.7 0.9 2.7 4.7 3.6 5.0 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.6 3.6 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.1 4.6 5.0 5.3 3.4 1.3 0.8 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.0 1.4 3.4 2.4
2.1 1.6 2.6 1.9 1.1 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.6 1.9 4.5 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.0 2.5 4.2 2.9 4.6 2.1 1.9 2.2 1.5 1.4 1.8 3.4 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.1 4.1 4.7 4.3 3.2 1.2 0.7 1.4 2.2 2.5 1.7 1.4 3.2 2.1
1.8 1.2 2.2 1.4 0.7 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.6 2.0 3.9 1.4 1.2 1.4 0.7 2.0 3.7 2.8 4.0 1.9 1.5 2.2 1.1 1.0 1.5 3.0 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 3.6 4.0 4.1 2.7 1.0 0.5 1.0 1.8 2.3 1.4 1.1 2.7 2.0
Per Cent Occupational Group Total Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT RATE AND RESIGNATION RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2012
Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation
TOTAL C10-32 MANUFACTURING C10-12 Food, Beverages & Tobacco C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing C19-21 C25,28 C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
2.8 1.9 3.1 2.1 1.6 2.2 1.6 1.5 2.2 3.4 2.9 3.4 2.8 4.9 2.3 2.5 2.2 1.7 2.8 4.6 3.5 4.8 2.8 2.6 2.9 1.9 1.8 2.5 4.1 2.9 2.6 3.5 2.5 4.6 5.1 5.0 3.7 1.8 1.3 2.3 2.4 2.9 2.4
2.1 1.6 2.5 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.8 2.3 2.9 2.2 4.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.9 2.4 4.3 3.2 4.6 2.0 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 3.3 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.0 4.1 4.6 4.7 3.1 1.2 0.7 1.3 1.9 2.5 1.7
1.9 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.9 2.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.9 1.7 0.9 1.9 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.8 1.9 1.8 2.8 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.3 3.0 3.0 1.8 3.2 1.6 1.2 2.0 2.7 2.2 1.4
1.3 1.2 1.4 1.6 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.4 2.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.6 1.6 2.5 2.6 2.5 1.8 1.4 2.1 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.5 2.4 1.7 2.7 0.9 0.6 1.2 1.9 1.7 0.6
3.7 2.6 3.4 2.7 1.8 2.5 2.7 1.7 2.9 3.6 3.8 4.6 3.5 5.7 2.3 3.3 2.3 1.8 2.9 5.1 3.9 5.3 3.8 3.8 3.9 2.1 2.2 1.9 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.0 3.9 5.0 5.2 3.9 4.6 2.5 1.8 2.8 2.3 3.3 2.5
3.1 2.1 2.7 2.2 1.2 2.0 1.6 1.7 2.5 2.4 3.3 4.0 2.8 5.3 1.7 2.8 1.7 0.9 2.7 4.7 3.3 4.9 2.7 2.7 2.8 1.6 1.7 1.3 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.1 4.0 4.4 4.7 3.1 3.5 1.9 1.1 1.7 2.0 3.1 1.5
3.1 2.0 3.3 2.2 1.6 2.3 1.9 1.5 2.2 3.5 3.9 3.6 3.5 3.8 2.8 2.4 2.7 2.8 3.3 4.5 3.6 4.9 3.6 4.3 3.1 3.0 3.6 0.4 5.5 4.6 3.2 5.3 1.6 4.9 2.0 5.3 3.7 2.4 0.9 2.5 2.3 3.4 3.4
2.2 1.7 2.7 2.2 1.1 1.7 2.1 1.3 1.8 1.7 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.2 1.9 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.7 4.3 3.4 4.8 2.4 2.1 2.6 1.3 1.4 0.9 4.6 1.8 2.5 1.5 1.5 4.6 1.4 5.1 3.2 1.9 0.6 1.8 1.5 3.1 2.7
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Note : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
Hours Industry (SSIC 2010) TOTAL 2010
46.2 50.5 47.5 50.0 46.1 52.7 47.4 53.4 49.8 52.4 43.4 43.8 43.8 43.8 45.7 47.6 44.5 43.7 47.0 41.2 45.4 39.9 41.7 41.7 41.6 41.4 41.6 40.4 44.7 43.0 41.0 45.6 42.5 48.7 55.2 44.8 46.0 42.0 41.5 42.0 42.6 44.0 46.3
AVERAGE WEEKLY TOTAL PAID HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY
46.1 49.9 48.8 49.0 45.7 51.4 46.5 53.1 49.6 52.6 43.5 44.0 44.0 44.0 46.4 49.4 44.6 44.7 47.1 42.0 46.0 40.9 41.6 41.6 41.5 41.1 41.3 40.0 44.0 42.9 41.3 45.5 42.1 48.1 54.9 45.4 44.6 42.2 41.2 42.3 43.8 45.0 45.7
46.2 50.2 48.5 49.2 45.9 52.1 47.1 53.1 49.7 52.8 43.4 43.7 43.6 43.8 46.2 48.4 44.8 44.6 47.1 41.6 45.8 40.4 41.5 41.4 41.6 41.2 41.4 39.8 44.6 43.1 41.1 45.7 42.9 48.5 54.6 45.7 45.7 42.1 41.4 42.1 43.4 44.3 45.8
46.2 50.2 47.8 48.6 45.1 52.5 46.9 53.6 49.6 53.0 43.5 43.6 43.7 43.3 46.1 48.4 44.5 44.8 46.8 42.1 45.9 41.1 41.5 41.6 41.4 41.2 41.3 40.0 44.5 43.6 41.5 46.6 42.2 48.5 55.5 45.3 45.0 42.1 41.3 42.1 43.8 44.2 45.7
46.2 50.1 48.4 48.8 45.3 52.4 46.7 53.0 49.3 53.0 43.5 43.8 43.9 43.6 46.0 48.6 44.6 44.3 46.9 41.9 45.9 40.8 41.5 41.5 41.5 41.1 41.2 40.0 44.5 43.1 41.6 45.5 42.3 49.1 58.2 45.3 44.7 42.2 41.2 42.2 43.7 45.1 45.7
46.4 50.4 48.1 48.3 45.5 52.6 48.2 53.2 49.5 53.2 43.6 43.9 44.0 43.6 46.2 48.5 44.5 45.3 46.9 42.4 45.9 41.4 41.5 41.6 41.4 41.1 41.3 40.0 44.3 43.2 41.4 45.8 42.3 49.1 57.2 45.3 44.9 42.1 41.3 42.1 43.7 44.7 45.6
46.2 50.1 47.5 48.5 44.7 52.5 46.3 54.0 49.7 52.9 43.4 43.2 43.2 43.2 45.9 48.4 44.9 44.2 46.5 42.2 45.7 41.3 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.3 41.5 40.0 44.6 44.0 41.8 47.4 42.4 48.0 53.7 45.0 45.8 42.0 41.4 42.0 43.8 43.5 45.7
46.2 50.2 47.2 48.7 44.9 52.4 46.3 54.0 50.1 52.8 43.5 43.6 43.8 42.9 46.2 48.1 44.2 45.4 47.0 42.0 46.1 41.0 41.7 42.1 41.3 41.1 41.3 40.0 44.5 43.9 41.2 47.9 41.9 47.7 52.9 45.7 44.9 42.1 41.4 42.1 44.1 43.7 45.7
C10-32 C10-12 C19-21 C25,28 C26 C29-30 F41-43 G-U G46-47 G46 G47 H49-53
MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products Fabricated Metal Products, Machinery & Equipment Electronic, Computer & Optical Products Transport Equipment Other Manufacturing Industries CONSTRUCTION SERVICES WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE Wholesale Trade Retail Trade TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
C17,18,22 Paper / Rubber / Plastic Products & Printing
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Notes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector. 2) Annual figures are the simple averages of the figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
3.7 7.2 4.3 6.4 3.3 8.9 5.1 9.6 6.9 7.5 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.9 4.3 1.8 1.6 4.0 1.3 1.8 1.2 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 2.1 1.7 0.7 3.0 1.1 5.3 10.5 1.9 3.3 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.8 3.3
3.6 6.8 5.0 5.7 3.2 8.0 4.3 9.5 6.6 7.7 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.3 3.6 6.3 2.0 2.3 4.2 1.5 2.1 1.4 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.7 1.6 0.7 3.0 1.0 5.0 11.0 2.3 2.2 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.5 2.3 3.1
3.7 7.0 5.0 5.8 3.2 8.5 4.7 9.4 6.8 7.9 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.1 3.3 4.9 1.9 2.3 4.3 1.5 1.9 1.4 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 2.0 1.7 0.6 3.1 1.5 5.3 10.5 2.6 3.2 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.3 1.9 3.1
3.8 7.2 4.3 5.1 3.2 9.1 4.8 9.9 6.7 8.2 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.0 3.3 5.2 1.8 2.4 4.1 1.7 2.1 1.7 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.9 2.0 0.8 3.9 0.9 5.6 12.1 2.3 2.7 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.4 2.0 3.1
3.7 7.0 4.6 5.4 3.1 9.1 4.6 9.4 6.3 8.1 1.7 1.7 1.6 2.1 3.3 5.5 1.8 1.9 4.1 1.5 2.0 1.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.9 1.6 0.9 2.8 0.7 6.1 14.5 2.2 2.4 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.4 2.5 3.1
3.9 7.4 4.2 4.8 3.6 9.2 6.1 9.4 6.4 8.4 1.8 1.8 1.6 2.2 3.5 5.3 1.8 2.9 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.7 1.7 0.8 3.3 0.9 6.2 13.8 2.4 2.4 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.4 2.3 3.0
3.8 7.1 4.0 5.1 3.0 9.0 4.3 10.3 6.8 8.2 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.9 3.2 5.2 2.0 1.8 3.9 1.7 1.9 1.7 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 1.9 2.4 0.9 4.6 1.1 5.1 10.5 2.1 3.1 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.4 1.4 3.1
3.8 7.1 4.3 5.3 3.1 9.0 4.4 10.2 7.1 8.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.9 3.4 4.9 1.6 3.1 4.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.9 2.4 0.7 5.0 0.9 4.7 9.4 2.5 2.7 0.5 0.1 0.5 1.4 1.7 3.1
GROSS MONTHLY INCOME FROM WORK OF FULL-TIME EMPLOYED SINGAPORE CITIZENS, 2002 - 2012 (June)
Excluding Employer CPF Median (50th Percentile) 20th Percentile
Source : Comprehensive Labour Force Survey, MOM 1) Data exclude full-time National Servicemen. 2) The comprehensive Labour Force Survey was not conducted in 2005 due to the conduct of the General Household Survey 2005 by the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry. 3) As the income data are captured from a sample survey, the income changes for the 20th percentile nearer the end of the income spectrum tend to be more volatile over shorter (e.g. year-on-year) than longer periods (e.g. 5 or 10 years).
Source Primarily from administrative records. The self-employed component is estimated from the Labour Force Survey. Coverage The employment data comprises all persons in employment i.e. employees and the self-employed. However, it excludes males who are serving their 2-year full-time national service liability in the Singapore Armed Forces, Police and Civil Defence Forces. Data on the number of local (also known as resident) employees are compiled from the Central Provident Fund (CPF) Board’s administrative records of active contributors defined as local employees who have at least one CPF contribution paid for him/her. A local (also known as resident) employee is any Singapore citizen or Permanent Resident who is employed by an employer under a contract of service or other agreement entered into in Singapore. Every local employee and his/her employer are required to make monthly contributions to the CPF which is a compulsory savings scheme to provide workers financial security in old age and helps meet the needs of healthcare, home-ownership, family protection and asset enhancement. Data on foreigners working in Singapore are compiled from administrative records of foreigners on valid work passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower. Foreigners can work in Singapore only if they have valid work passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower. The number of self-employed residents is estimated from the Labour Force Survey. The self-employed comprises persons aged 15 years and over who are own account workers, employers or contributing family workers. Concepts and Definitions Employment change refers to the difference in the employment level at the end of the reference period compared with the end of the preceding period. Uses and Limitations This data series allows users to identify individual industries where employment is growing or stagnating. An analysis of the data over time also helps in understanding the impact of cyclical and structural changes in the economy on the demand for workers. The change in employment over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment i.e. net of inflows and outflows of workers. Users should not mistake an increase in employment as gross job creation.
Source Labour Force Survey Coverage The survey covers private households on the main island of Singapore. It excludes workers living in construction worksites, dormitories and workers’ quarters at the workplace and persons commuting from abroad to work in Singapore. Estimates of the total labour force are derived by combining data on residents (also known as locals) obtained from the survey with foreign workforce data compiled from administrative records. Concepts and Definitions Unemployed persons refer to persons aged 15 years and over who did not work but were available for work and were actively looking for a job during the reference period. They include persons who were not working but were taking steps to start their own business or taking up a new job after the reference period. Unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of unemployed persons to the total number of economically active persons (i.e. employed and unemployed persons) aged 15 years and over. Uses and Limitations The unemployment rate is probably the best-known measure of the labour market. It measures unutilised labour supply and is useful in the study of the economic cycle as it is closely related to economic fluctuations. Unemployment can have frictional, cyclical and structural elements. As it takes time for job seekers and employers to find a match, there is always a certain level of frictional unemployment due to people changing jobs and from new entrants looking for work for the first time. Unemployment can also be structural e.g. arising from a mismatch between the job seekers and the job openings available. With structural unemployment, even if job vacancies and job seekers coexist in the labour market, they may not be matched over a long period of time. Finally, unemployment can be cyclical. This occurs when there is a general decline in demand for manpower as aggregate demand for goods and services fall in the event of a cyclical downturn. Unlike structural and frictional unemployment where the problem is in matching job openings with job seekers, cyclical unemployment occurs when there are not enough jobs to go around. Unemployment can vary due to changes in demand or supply of manpower. It can decline if more people succeed in securing employment or when the unemployed persons stop looking for a job and leave the labour force either temporarily (e.g. to take up training) or permanently (e.g. to retire). Conversely, unemployment may rise due to increase in labour supply from new entrants or re-entrants to the labour market. It will also rise if more people quit their jobs to look for alternative employment or if there is an increase in layoffs. Unemployment rates by specific groups, defined e.g. by age and educational attainment are useful in identifying groups of workers most vulnerable to unemployment.
Source Labour Market Survey Coverage Before 2006, the survey covers private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, the survey also includes the public sector comprising government ministries, organs of state and statutory boards. Concepts and Definitions Redundancy comprises retrenchment and early release of contract workers due to redundancy. Retrenchment refers to the termination of employment of a permanent employee due to redundancy. In the public sector, it includes those who left service under the Special Resignation Scheme that allows redundant non-deployable Civil Service or Statutory Board employees to leave their organisations with compensation. Early release of contract workers refers to employees on term contracts which were terminated prematurely because of redundancy. Uses and Limitations Data on redundancy are useful in the analysis of re-structuring or ailing industries. The number of persons retrenched or made redundant (flow) should not be confused with persons unemployed (stock). Not all persons retrenched or made redundant will be unemployed as some will re-enter into employment or decide to leave the workforce.
Source Labour Market Survey and derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board Coverage Information on resident workers made redundant is obtained from the Labour Market Survey. Before 2007, data pertain to residents retrenched from private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2007 onwards, data also include residents retrenched from the public sector. With effect from the second quarter of 2009, the coverage is further expanded to include employees on term contracts which were terminated prematurely due to redundancy. The status of re-entry into employment of these workers is tracked using CPF records. Hence, it does not capture workers made redundant who went into self or informal employment or undergo training while looking for a job.
Labour Market, 2012 Concepts and Definitions Re-entry rate is defined as the proportion of residents made redundant who re-entered employment. The re-entry rate within six months of redundancy for a quarter refers to the re-entry rate as at end of the quarter for the residents made redundant in the previous quarter. For example, the re-entry rate for second quarter 2009 shows the proportion of residents made redundant in the first quarter of 2009 who had re-entered employment as at June 2009. The annual average re-entry rate is the simple average of the quarterly figures. The "Reemployment" (of workers made redundant) series has been renamed "Re-entry into Employment". This is to avoid confusion with the use of the term "re-employment" in the Retirement and Re-employment Act, which refers to the re-employment of workers past the retirement age. Uses and Limitations This indicator measures the prospects of re-entry into employment of workers made redundant. It allows us to identify vulnerable workers who find it difficult to secure re-entry into employment after layoff. A low re-entry rate could also be the result of workers taking a break from the labour force rather than a weak job market. An analysis of the change in re-entry rate over time should therefore be made in the context of other indicators on the labour market. Also, the indicator could be cohort-specific. Even if the state of the labour market is unchanged, two different cohorts of workers could yield different re-entry rates, depending on the profile of the workers involved. Also, the data based on CPF records do not capture workers who went into self or informal employment or undergo training while looking for a job.
Source Labour Market Survey Coverage Before 2006, the survey covers private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, the survey also includes the public sector comprising government ministries, organs of state and statutory boards. Concepts and Definitions Job vacancy refers to the number of unfilled posts for which an establishment is actively recruiting employees from outside the establishment. They exclude: a) b) Positions for which the employees have been appointed, but have not yet commenced duty; Positions open only to internal transfers, promotion.
Recruitment action to fill a post includes advertising in newspapers, posting notices on the internet (e.g. on online job banks), making word-of-mouth announcements, soliciting employees through employment agencies or job fairs, contacting or interviewing registered job applicants. Job vacancy rate for a quarter is defined as the total number of job vacancies divided by the total demand for labour at the end of the quarter. The total demand for labour is defined as the sum of the number of employees and job vacancies at the end of the quarter. The annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
Job vacancy to unemployed ratio is calculated by taking the ratio of the estimates of the total number of job vacancies for the whole economy to the total number of unemployed persons. The job vacancies for the whole economy is estimated based on the assumption that private sector establishments with less than 25 employees have the same vacancy rate as private establishments with 25-49 employees. Estimates on the total number of unemployed persons are obtained from the Labour Force Survey. Uses and Limitations Job vacancy statistics measures unmet demand for manpower and is useful for assessing changes in the manpower demand over time. It enables users to identify industries and occupations where employers are seeking workers. This can have operational use e.g. in improving vocational guidance and helping job seekers and employers make more informed choices. Data on job vacancies can assist in pinpointing emerging labour shortages. To identify labour shortages, trends in vacancy data would have to be evaluated together with other labour market indicators as well as background information on the occupations and factors affecting demand and supply of workers. This is because persistent job vacancies may indicate either real shortages or factors such as low wages, poor working conditions and unrealistic hiring specifications.
Source Labour Market Survey Coverage Before 2006, the survey covers private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, the survey also includes the public sector comprising government ministries, organs of state and statutory boards. Concepts and Definitions Average monthly recruitment rate during a quarter is defined as the average number of persons recruited in a month during the quarter divided by the average number of employees in the establishment. The annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures. Average monthly resignation rate during a quarter is defined as the average number of persons who resigned in a month during the quarter divided by the average number of employees in the establishment. The annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures. Uses and Limitations In good times when job openings are plentiful, recruitment and resignation rates tend to be high reflecting movement of workers between jobs. In periods of economic downturn, high layoffs are usually coupled with low resignation and recruitment rates.
Labour Market, 2012 The resignation rates by industry are valuable to employers for comparing their staff turnover against the industry norm. Low resignation rate in a company relative to the industry average is usually considered to be an indicator of good labour-management relations. Labour turnover also reflects the unique labour market dynamics of the various industries. For example, accommodation and food services typically have higher turnover rates because of their heavy reliance on temporary and part-time workers to cope with fluctuations in demand.
Source Labour Market Survey Coverage Before 2006, the survey covers private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, the survey also includes the public sector comprising government ministries, organs of state and statutory boards. Concepts and Definitions Weekly paid hours refer to the total number of paid hours worked during a week by an employee. It is the sum of standard hours and paid overtime hours worked. Weekly standard hours refer to the number of hours, excluding meal breaks worked by an employee during a normal working week. Weekly paid overtime hours worked refers to the number of hours worked by an employee in excess of the standard hours for which the employees were paid. It excludes overtime hours worked for which “time -off” was granted instead of wage payment. Uses and Limitations Data on number of paid overtime hours are used as a gauge of the level of economic activities and working conditions of the various industries. The data can also be used for social studies on family and community life. The data do not capture unpaid overtime worked e.g. by executives and management staff who are normally not paid for working overtime. Users can refer to separate statistics on usual hours worked collected from the June Labour Force Survey.
Source Comprehensive Labour Force Survey
Labour Market, 2012 Coverage The survey covers private households on the main island of Singapore. It excludes workers living in construction worksites, dormitories and workers’ quarters at the workplace and persons commuting from abroad to work in Singapore.
Concepts and Definitions Gross monthly income from work refers to income earned from employment. For employees, it refers to the gross monthly wages or salaries before deduction of employee CPF contributions and personal income tax. It comprises basic wages, overtime pay, commissions, tips, other allowances and one-twelfth of annual bonuses. For self-employed persons, gross monthly income refers to the average monthly profits from their business, trade or profession (i.e. total receipts less business expenses incurred) before deduction of income tax. Median (or 50 percentile) income refers to the income level at the middle of the income distribution which divides the bottom half of income earners from the upper half. 20 percentile income refers to the income level which divides the bottom 20% of income earners from the rest. Uses and Limitations Data on income from work are useful in understanding the living standards of workers. The data are useful in planning economic and social development. As the Comprehensive Labour Force Survey covers a representative sample of households in Singapore, the data can be used to study the income distribution as well as trends in income level and growth of the workforce covering both employees and the self-employed. Data on the real change in income from work (i.e. adjusted for inflation) enables users to study the trends in income growth after adjusting for differences in price levels across time, which affects the purchasing power of individuals in terms of the basket of goods and services they can buy. In the analysis of individual income growth, it would be more meaningful to study the income for full-time employed persons, as this is not complicated by compositional changes in the part-time (which involves shorter working hours and correspondingly lower salary) and full-time share of the workforce. As the income data are captured from a sample survey, the income changes for the 20th percentile nearer the end of the income spectrum tend to be more volatile over shorter (e.g. year-on-year) than longer periods (e.g. 5 or 10 years).
In a sample survey, inferences about the target population are drawn from the data collected from the sample. Errors due to extension of the conclusions based on one sample to the entire population are known as sampling errors. The sampling error of an estimate is the difference between the estimated value obtained from a sample and the actual value from the population. Factors influencing the sampling error include the sample size, the sample design, method of estimation, the variability of the population and the characteristics studied. The most common measure of the sampling error of an estimate is its standard error, which is a measure of the variation among the estimates derived from all possible samples. An alternative measure is the relative standard error of an estimate which indicates the standard error relative to the magnitude of the estimate. A sample estimate and an estimate of its standard error can be used to construct an interval that will, at specified levels of confidence, include the actual value. By statistical convention, the confidence level has been set at 95 per cent. Estimates of the sampling variability of selected indicators are as follows:
Reference Period UNEMPLOYMENT Number of Unemployed Residents Resident Unemployment Rate Dec 12 Dec 12 50,500 2.4% 2,600 0.12%-pt 5.2% 5.1% 45,400 2.2% 55,600 2.6% Estimate Standard Error Relative Standard Error (%) 95% Confidence Interval Lower Upper
JOB VACANCY Job Vacancy Number Job Vacancy Rate Dec 12 Dec 12 43,900 2.2% 700 0.04%-pts 1.6% 1.6% 42,500 2.2% 45,300 2.3%
LABOUR TURNOVER Average Monthly Recruitment Rate Average Monthly Resignation Rate 4Q 12 4Q 12 2.6% 1.8% 0.04%-pts 0.02%-pts 1.3% 1.3% 2.5% 1.7% 2.7% 1.8%
HOURS WORKED Average Weekly Paid Overtime Hours Worked Per Employee Dec 12 3.8 0.04 1.1% 3.7 3.9
Data are non-seasonally adjusted.
TITLE OF REPORT : LABOUR MARKET, 2012
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Please return the above to : Director Manpower Research and Statistics Department Ministry of Manpower 18 Havelock Road #05-01 Singapore 059764 Republic of Singapore Fax : 6317 1804 Email : mom_rsd@mom.gov.sg
Date of Release: 15 Mar 2013 This quarterly release analyses the labour market situation. Topics covered include employment, unemployment, redundancy, re-entry into employment, job vacancy, labour turnover, hours worked and income from work. Title
Date of Release 31/01/2013 28/01/2013 20/12/2012 20/07/2012 29/06/2012 29/06/2012 04/06/2012 26/04/2012 02/04/2012 11/10/2011 02/09/2011 31/05/2010 29/07/2008 29/02/2008 29/02/2008 19/01/2007
Labour Force in Singapore, 2012 Job Vacancies, 2012 Conditions of Employment, 2012 Retirement and Re -employment Practices, 2011 Singapore Yearbook of Manpower Statistics, 2012 Report on Wages in Singapore, 2011 Manpower Statistics in Brief, 2012 Redundancy and Re-entry into Employment , 2011 Labour Turnover Time Series, 2005 to 2011 Singaporeans in the Workforce* Employer Supported Training, 2010 Labour Mobility Focus on Older People In and Out of Employment Quality of Employment Creation for Singapore Citizens Employment of Singapore Citizens, Permanent Residents and Foreigners, 1997 to 2006 Premium on Fields of Study: The Returns to Higher Education in Singapore
Statistics Department and Singapore Department of Statistics
Date of Release: 31 Jan 2013 This release provides preliminary estimates of key indicators on the manpower situation covering employment, unemployment and redundancy for the full year and includes trends on Singaporeans’ monthly income from work.
* This paper is a collaborative effort between Manpower Research and
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