Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN105493422A/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-24 05:48:41
Document Index: 636274912

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 216', 'art 217', 'art 216', 'art 217', 'art 227', 'art 227', 'art 317', 'art 327', 'art 327', 'art 317', 'art 317', 'art 317']

CN105493422A - System and method to assist synchronization of distributed play out of control - Google Patents
CN105493422A
CN105493422A CN201380077641.0A CN201380077641A CN105493422A CN 105493422 A CN105493422 A CN 105493422A CN 201380077641 A CN201380077641 A CN 201380077641A CN 105493422 A CN105493422 A CN 105493422A
CN201380077641.0A
斯科特·弗朗西斯
2013-06-20 Application filed by 汤姆逊许可公司 filed Critical 汤姆逊许可公司
2016-04-13 Publication of CN105493422A publication Critical patent/CN105493422A/en
A method for synchronizing content undergoing play out at first and second stations commences by comparing audio within content undergoing play out on the first station to the audio within content undergoing play out on the second station to determine if a latency exists between the first and second stations. If such a latency exists, then at least one of a pause or jump operations is performed in connection with content playing out by at least one of the first and second stations for an interval corresponding to an interval by which one station leads the other station to bring the two stations into substantial synchronism
For the synchronous system and method for the distributed broadcasting of auxiliary content
The evolution of video equipment and network has caused the development of economic video conferencing system, such video conferencing system can realize when not needing too high bandwidth, be positioned at the individual of diverse location or group's view content simultaneously of individual, on legacy network, mutually share video image and audio-frequency information simultaneously.Term " long-range present (telepresence) " and " social TV " refer to such video conference.When long-range present the same television program of participant's viewing from identical or different content sources time, the content for each participant is play timing and can be very different.The reason of timing difference comprises the difference (such as one group another organizes signal or Over-The-Top stream via satellite to receive content to receive content via terrestrial broadcast) of content feeds, the difference (such as each participant via digital VTR or ' DVR ' but the delay with different applyings to receive content) of equipment or different content start times (such as by DVD, video request program or Over-The-Top stream).Except the live television broadcast from same transmit machine received by non-DVR receiver, there is difficulty providing in the broadcasting of TV programme to multiple station in the mode of basic synchronization.
Some systems provide the local TV programme (not considering the source of content, such as DVD etc.) of broadcasting and synchronous between each content of following the trail of this TV programme.Humour is commented on sound track synchronization to DVD by the listening to audio when DVD plays by " RiffPlayer " application of the RiffTrax Co., Ltd of San Diego, CA." MediaEcho " application of TechnicolorCreativeServices Co., Ltd of the U.S. provides the similar capabilities of DVD and broadcast TV, and specializes this invention in the International Patent Application PCT/US12/071822 submitted on December 12nd, 2012.
Such technology solves the synchronously contextual of single content sources.But, exist and realize synchronous demand in the context of originating at different content.
Briefly, embodiment according to disclosure principle, start from comparing the audio frequency in the content play on first stop and the audio frequency in the content play on second station, to determine whether there is time delay between first stop and second station for carrying out synchronous method to the content play at first stop and second station.If there is such time delay, at least one then in first stop and second station reaches a time interval at least one execution in pausing operation or skip operation of the content play, to make two basic synchronization of standing, this time interval is corresponding to the time interval at another station leading, a station.
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of telepresence system, and wherein, this telepresence system shows two stations, and each station presents participant's displaying contents to the long-range of correspondence, and each station is used for carrying out synchronously according to disclosure principle to such content;
The timeline that Fig. 2 shows audio signal represents, this audio signal is included in a part for the contents that two of the telepresence system of Fig. 1 stations are play, wherein, these two stations by leading station in the content its leading amount of back redirect realize synchronously;
The timeline that Fig. 3 shows audio signal represents, this audio signal is included in a part for the contents that two of the telepresence system of Fig. 1 stations are play, and wherein these two stations are suspended its amount leading in the content when content is play realized synchronously by leading being stood in;
Fig. 4 shows the set of the affairs between two stations of the telepresence system of the synchronous Fig. 1 for performing Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows the step of carrying out the instantiation procedure of audio frequency characteristics description at the place of local station with remote station communication in a flowchart;
Synchronous regime between Fig. 6 shows in a flowchart and to determine from the audio signal of the local and remote long-range presentation station of Fig. 1 and the step of the process of instruction and/or calibration essence difference therebetween;
Fig. 7 shows the step for playing synchronous instantiation procedure in a flowchart, in there occurs about remote audio source to determine the synchronous of local audio source; And
Fig. 8 shows the illustration represented with synchronously relevant, at each station place of the telepresence system of Fig. 1 the situation according to disclosure principle.
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of the telepresence system comprising two stations 110 and 120 of playing identical content (such as TV programme, film), and in this article, content is also called " media program ".Such content can comprise audiovisual material, only video frequency program or only audio program.In the embodiment show in figure 1, broadcasting station 101 provides content to station 110 and 120, to be received by the player 111 and 121 respectively at such station place.Each player can comprise being tuned to of combining receives broadcast receiver (such as television set) and digital VTR (DVR) from broadcasting station 101.In other embodiments, player 111 and 121 can comprise DVR and Set Top Box, and this Set Top Box receives content from any one satellite provider, cable television provider.Alternatively, player can comprise the receiver for the Internet flows provider (such as NetflixofLosGatos, CA).Each player can receive content from device for reproducing digital video disc (DVD) (not shown).Two players 111 and 121 neither need to have identical form, also do not need identical content sources (such as broadcasting station 101), although content must be identical, even if some elements (such as advertisement) in content are different.At least one in these stations has to be suspended and/or by content back redirect or the ability of refunding, and particularly, to suspend and/or by a part for the content play recently back redirect or the ability of refunding.
Stand and 110 and 120 there is monitor 112 and 122 respectively, displaying contents when being respectively used to play content on player 111 and 121.Stand and 110 and 120 also comprise loud speaker 113 and 123 respectively, for reappearing the subsidiary audio frequency 114 and 124 be associated with the content play at station place respectively.Usually, each station has user, is illustrated by the user 115 at station 110 place.Long-range present session during, the user at station place perform step with by audio/video conference calling, only conference call or only audio conference call their station is interconnected, as discussed in detail with reference to Fig. 8.The remote controller 116 of the control for player 111 and/or monitor 112 can be used the user 115 at station 110 place.Although not shown in the drawings, typically also there is remote controller the user at other station place.
Stand and 110 and 120 have lock unit 130 and 140 respectively, each lock unit comprises one in microphone (mic) 131 and 141 respectively, is respectively used to capturing audio 114 and 124.Lock unit 130 and 140 also comprises feature detection module (fea) 132 and 142 respectively, is respectively used to extract feature from the audio frequency of being caught by corresponding microphone 131 and 141.In each in lock unit 130 and 140, one of correspondence in CPU (CPU) or controller 133 and 143 processes the feature of extraction respectively, and the feature of extraction is stored into respectively in one of memory (mem) 134 and 144.The communication module (com) 135 and 145 communicated with CPU133 with CPU143 respectively can send via communication channel 151 feature extracted to other lock unit, this communication channel can comprise internet 150.
Therefore, CPU133 and 143 respectively in lock unit 130 and 140 also receives remote diagnosis via communication channel 151 and corresponding communication module 135 and 145 thereof, and the remote diagnosis that can receive according to the local characteristic sum detected determines the synchronous information about content.Display (disp) 137 and 147 respectively in lock unit 130 and 140 can show synchronizing information.In certain embodiments, CPU133 and 143 respectively in lock unit 130 and 140 can drive remote control transmitter (rem) 138 and 148 respectively, remote control transmitter 138 and 148 suspends as required for the transmission of respectively instructs player 111 and 121 (Set Top Box or DVD player etc.), refund, back redirect, recovery, to correct the timing difference in the broadcasting between station, thus realize synchronous according to disclosure principle.
In the embodiment illustrated of Fig. 1, lock unit 130 and 140 exists as independent equipment.But each in each or monitor 112 and 122 in player 111 and 121 can comprise embedded lock unit 130 and 140.Lock unit 130 and 140 is embedded into respectively in monitor 112 and 122 and monitor will be enable to replace display 137 and 147 to show synchronizing information respectively.
The lock unit 130 and 140 of Fig. 1 can use and present service 160 and mutually find, but other technology also may be used for this object.Present service 160 and comprise presence server 161 and database 162, for following the tracks of the existence of the lock unit 130 and 140 at station 110 and 120 place, availability and position respectively.Lock unit 130 communicates with presence server 161 with 153 respectively by communication channel 152 with 145 respectively by corresponding communication module 135 with 140, and each in communication channel 152 and 153 can comprise internet 150.Like this, lock unit 130 and 140 can replace mutually being exchanged messages by communication channel 151 direct communication by presence server 161.In conjunction with the embodiment illustrated, communication module 135 and each in 145 determine the address of other communication module by communicating with server 161 via communication channel 151.But, the affairs that (such as by communication channel 151) directly can occur or indirectly occur between (such as by the conciliation of presence server) lock unit 130 and 140.
The feature extracted by property detector 132 and 142 is stored in local storage 134 and 144, to form the very first time line of nearest local audio feature at each station place respectively.Communication module 135 and 145 also stores the remote diagnosis that they receive respectively in local storage 134 and 144, to form the second timeline of nearest remote audio feature.Two timelines keep substantially synchronous, and that is, the same position in each timeline represents the feature approximately simultaneously occurred at the station place of correspondence.
In certain embodiments, lock unit 130 and 140 can keep local clock (clk) 136 and 146 respectively, local clock (clk) 136 and 146 phase mutually synchronization or (not shown with another public addressable clock, but provide by server 161 or by another service, such as, use known NTP (Network Time Protocol)) synchronous.In other embodiments, the communication delay between (via communication channel 151) lock unit 130 and 140 can be considered to (being such as less than 1/4 second) of ignoring or be fixed to predetermined value (such as 1/2 second).In other other embodiment, measure communication two-way time by still using the known method for this object and divided by 2, the measurement that communication delay once or periodically occurs can occur.In the embodiment that there is clock 136 and 146, lock unit 130 and 140 can carry out time mark to the communication between station 110 and 120 respectively.For those embodiments that there is not clock 136 and 146, the feature received from distant station can be stored in local station successively, and is considered (or only postponing time delay that is predetermined or that measure) current, and therefore cushions in memory.The message of carrying such feature can comprise sequence number, makes the message (and the feature of therefore losing) of losing in process of transmitting can not affect the placement of these features received in timeline.Therefore, when tool is with or without clock 136 and 146, can occur local and remote feature to be placed in their the corresponding timelines in the memory at each station place, make to be at each station the similar position that feature that same time obtains occurs in corresponding timeline in memory.
Fig. 2 shows the synchronous method of the disclosure principle performed by the lock unit 130 and 140 of Fig. 1.The waveform appearing at Fig. 2 top has along starting from left side and the envelope of the timeline advanced to the right, and this waveform table is shown in the situation of station 110 place from loud speaker 113 audio plays 114.The waveform appearing at the bottom of Fig. 2 has the envelope advanced along timeline, and represents at station 120 place from the situation of loud speaker 123 audio plays 124 of Fig. 1.Stand 110 the time 211 place start to listen to, and stand 120 the time 221 place start to listen to.Suppose that the communication channel 151 through Fig. 1 exists communication between station 110 and 120,110 and 120 features that can exchange the extraction detected from their local audio signal 114 and 124 respectively by their detector 132 and 142 of standing.After the time 221, standing 110 will receive the feature of enough extractions, immediately to determine to occur early than the time 221 in the audio frequency 114 that matching characteristic cushions in memory 134 from the audio frequency 124 at station 120.Typically, stand and need the time in about 10 seconds to be used for feature extraction and identification, but according to the embodiment of property detector with by the current feature presented of audio program, recognition time may be longer or shorter.By noticing the time quantum passed between those features that the feature that slave station 120 receives is mated with in memory 134, standing and 110 can determine that the leading audio frequency of audio frequency 114 124 corresponds to the mutual time delay (mutuallatancy) 213 of time quantum " t ".In other words, the audio-frequency unit 212 of the content of current broadcasting more Zao than audio-frequency unit 222 (or the before it) time " t ".
At time 214 place, lock unit 130 instructs player 111 (such as STB, DVR, DVD, DST PLAYER etc.) in the content back redirect equals the amount 215 of " t " (magnitude of mutual time delay 213) substantially.By the media buffer replay audio part 216 (being shown in Figure 2 for mixed and disorderly) from player 111, make the part 217 of audio frequency 114 the time 214 place by part 216 repeat to start and continue (along Fig. 2 timeline to the right).The beginning of part 217 substantially mates with part 227 and is positioned at the position (namely time 124 after, audio frequency 124 with audio frequency 114 basic synchronization to play) synchronous with part 227.Therefore, along with the advance of the time after the time 214, in the audio frequency 114 and 124 phase mutually synchronization substantially at station 110 and 120 place, thus other content (such as video) is synchronous too.
When plural station is attempted synchronous, at the most forward station by synchronous for the station of attempting with lagging behind most other station.In order to the object discussed, suppose with regard to the delaying of audio frequency, standing 120 keeps lagging behind other station most.Therefore, if station 110 is identified before itself is positioned at other station one or more, then stand 110 by synchronous with the station lagging behind most it for selection, namely carry out the station (namely " t " value is maximum) of delay measurements 213 for it.This process is followed at all stations (namely leading be somebody's turn to do " backwardness " of their audio frequency is stood) be positioned at above.Finally, all stations by synchronous for the station become with the most backward, and become phase mutually synchronization substantially thus.In this embodiment, find that the station (such as standing 120) itself lagging behind other stations all will not take any action, and will wait for that other station is synchronous with it.
In another embodiment, be positioned at station below forward redirect to catch up with other station.But redirect can be more difficult forward, because whether uncertain local player (such as at the player 121 at station 120 place) has received the part that this player needs the content of redirect.In addition, redirect may have the response time (as utilized Streaming Media source) of large change through remote content forward.Also will exist not to the content redirect forward of user's display at station, because it has been skipped.
In other other embodiment, synchronous responsibility can be positioned on several stations.Such as, the station (such as standing 120) lagging behind other station redirect can represent the amount of large part forward, may be the major part of above-mentioned mutual time delay 213.After re-establishing Media Stream (such as content), at some after other interval, stand and 120 can to detect and exchange features, with allow to determine to revise, mutual time delay that may be less.Now, (as mentioned above, but using the mutual time delay revised) is carried out accurate back redirect, to realize the synchronous of more complete play content by the station 110 of " above ".This method provide the advantage not needing repetition and the corresponding whole interval of initial mutual time delay the user 115 at the station 110 of " above ".On the contrary, stand and 110 will only repeat shorter corrected time delay.When user 115 has started to watch film, and when the friend added evening has at least seen that the beginning of flashing back past events also does not need again to watch this part completely, the method is still preferably.When the user added evening wishes from the beginning to watch other of film, stand and can use above about the synchronous method that Fig. 2 describes, or user can select to watch other.
Fig. 3 show according to disclosure principle be similar to the method described in Fig. 2, the synchronous alternative approach that performed by the lock unit 130 and 140 of Fig. 1.Be similar to the waveform at the top at Fig. 2, the waveform occurred at the top of Fig. 3 has the envelope along starting from also advancing on the left of accompanying drawing to the right, and represents the situation at station 110 place of Fig. 1 from loud speaker 113 audio plays 114.The waveform occurred bottom Fig. 3 has the envelope along timeline, and represents the situation at station 120 place of Fig. 1 from loud speaker 123 audio plays 124.Stand and 110 start to listen at time 311 place of Fig. 3, and stand and 120 start to listen at time 321 place of Fig. 3.Suppose that the communication channel 151 through Fig. 1 exists with between 120 communication at station 110, standing 110 and 120 can exchange respectively by their detector 132 and 142, the feature of extraction that detects from their local audio signal 114 and 124 respectively.
After the time 321, standing 110 receives enough features extracted from audio frequency 124 by slave station 120 immediately, to determine that matching characteristic appears at the more early position of the audio frequency 114 of buffering in memory 13.By noticing the time quantum of passing between those features that the feature received at slave station 120 is mated with in memory 134, stand and 110 can determine that audio frequency 114 is positioned at the mutual time delay 313 that audio frequency 124 corresponds to above the time " t ", this means that audio-frequency unit 312 is than audio-frequency unit 322 Zao (or before it) reproduction time " t ".At time 314 place, lock unit 130 instructs player 111 suspends the duration 315 being substantially equal to " t ", and audio-frequency unit 316 is kept quite, until player 111 (having passed the duration 315) is in time 318 place's recovery.This causes the part 317 of audio frequency 114 substantially to be mated with part 327 (audio frequency 124 (being add " t " time 314 substantially) namely after the time 318), and basic synchronous with part 327.Therefore, along with the time after the time 318 advances, become basic synchronization at the audio frequency 114 and 124 at station 110 and 120 place respectively, the content basic synchronization play at two stations place thus.
In certain embodiments, at time 314 place, lock unit 130 can use a teleswitch 116 to player 111 issue an order by display 137 indicating user 115, with suspend the duration 315 and when passed the duration 315 time recovery, as shown in Figure 8.
Fig. 4 shows the set of the affairs between two stations 110 and 120 of the telepresence system of the synchronous Fig. 1 for performing Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Each vertical line 411 and 421 corresponds to station 110 and 120, and wherein the time comes to advance downwards from top to bottom.Synchronous in order to initiate, stand 110 sends initial messages 412 for afterwards in the reception of station 120 place, initial message by from line 411 to line 421 downward-sloping, the arrow with Reference numeral (412) represents.How long " afterwards " depends on the transmission delay of communication channel, but for the communication of inland, typical time delay remains on below 250mS.
Initial message 412 derives from the lock unit 130 (the two all in FIG) at station 110 place, receives for the lock unit 140 (the two all in FIG) at station 120 place.Message 412 comprises the one or more features extracted from audio frequency 114 (the two all in FIG) by characteristic extracting module 132.If lock unit 130 comprises the clock 136 of himself, then lock unit can carry out time mark to message 412.Otherwise lock unit 130 will to message 412 Allotment Serial Number.Service time marks or sequence number, and the feature sent via message 412 can be placed in the remote diagnosis timeline be associated with remote synchronization unit 130 by the lock unit 140 at station 120 place.
As the reaction to the connection with lock unit 130, or in response to receipt message 412, the lock unit 130 also started to Fig. 1 in message 422 shown in Figure 4 is sent audio frequency characteristics by lock unit 140.Independently, lock unit 130 will send the one or more subsequent message 413 (only illustrating in order to clear) comprising the audio frequency characteristics extracted further.Equally, lock unit 140 will send the one or more subsequent message 423 (being also only illustrate) comprising the audio frequency characteristics extracted further.
Along with the transmission of initial message 412, lock unit 130 may extract and record local audio feature a period of time.Message 412 does not need to carry the feature extracted the earliest.But initial message 412 needs carry the nearest local feature extracted by the feature detection module 132 of Fig. 1.In other embodiments, each lock unit can send additional message with the older feature comparatively early extracted to distant station notice, but the necessity so do not done.Exemplarily, standing 110 can start to record the feature of local audio 114 at (in Fig. 3) time 311 place, and the feature extracted from audio frequency 114 after continuing to collect.When being connected with station 120 after whenabouts 321, the station 110 and 120 of Fig. 1 can exchange and represent from being arranged in or the initial message 412 and 422 of feature that the audio frequency of time to approach 321 extracts.When receiving message 422 and 423, standing and 110 can find a lot of coupling more Zao than the time 321.Like this, the coupling of the feature that stand (such as standing 110) extracts before can identifying the time identical with the size of the buffer in the memory 134 being arranged on Fig. 1, instead of before the time the same time grown that exchanged messages of only standing with two.
With reference to Fig. 4, at time 431 place, stand 110 by receipt message 422 and may one or more in receipt message 423, and then will identify the remote audio feature and mating (if any) between those local audio features be recorded in memory 134 that are sent by station 120.Skew between the position of the feature of mating in their corresponding timeline forms mutual time delay 313 (or 213).This example illustrate station and can find coupling (namely station 110 has been extracted feature but has also shared these features with station 120, but station 110 by such feature and will be extracted and the characteristic matching shared by station 120 in message 422 and/or 423) in also not by some the shared features of in multiple station.
Based on mating of local feature and remote diagnosis, stand and 110 mutual time delay 313 (or time delay 213 mutually) can be defined as formation amount " t ", and stand 110 by using remote control transmitter 138 to player 111 issue an order, or by announcing synchronizing information so that user 115 checks that also (such as using a teleswitch 116) takes suitable action at display 137.Such as, stand 110 can use remote control transmitter 138 to player 111 send order returned skip displacement " t " (as shown in Figure 2) in the past, or play to suspend within the duration " t " and recover after this to play, as shown in Figure 3, or by display 137 indicating user 115 the independent Long-distance Control 116 for player 111 is used to perform this operation.Exemplifying in the Fig. 8 hereafter discussed now of announcement synchronizing information.Take action with in the diagram time 432 place to (the player 111 back redirect of such as Fig. 1 after time delay is added at station 110, or suspended and recover subsequently play) a period of time, microphone 131 detects audio frequency 114 by starting, and the feature that the feature detection module 132 of Fig. 1 will extract in the audio frequency of detection.
In the case of figure 2, taking after the action of time 432 place's instruction, the feature of attempting the feature corresponding with the beginning of audio-frequency unit 217 is extracted previously in time 433 place in conjunction with audio intervals 216 matches by the lock unit 130 of Fig. 1.During searching coupling, lock unit 130 can determine that the accurate size of step 215 is refunded in the correction of Fig. 2.If step 215 constitutes too small or excessive redirect (such as more than 2 seconds), then lock unit 130 will take following action, make instructs player forward or back redirect to improve adjustment, to realize content synchronization.The time 433 place from the return period of recognition feature himself buffer, lock unit 130 can send reset notification message 414 to remote synchronization unit 140, with indicate the timeline at station 110 continuous in interruption.This allows lock unit 140 to remove the remote diagnosis of buffer, attempts to avoid the unwanted coupling of the part about the remote time line of no longer remaining valid.
In the context of fig. 3, at the lock unit 130 be associated with station 110 after the time 432, place added time delay, in the time 433, the identification of feature at place can not trigger the transmission resetting message 414, because the player of Fig. 1 111 can not be drawn back during play content.Do not suspend until player 111 has become, lock unit 130 just will catch program audio again, and extract feature from such audio frequency.Now, lock unit 130 can be observed the feature received from remote synchronization unit 140 and match with feature in the time 434 from the up-to-date extraction of local audio part 317, and be positioned at in the position of substantially mating from the feature of the up-to-date extraction of local audio part 317, time 434 place.When player 111 has suspended the time interval 315, lock unit 130 is difficult to the timing confirming corrective action, because quietly the time interval 316 may occur as the result suspended, but quietly the time interval 316 also may be comprise quiet part (or being interrupted by the background noise that the broadcasting with player 11 is irrelevant) in the content play.Even so, when occurring to extract feature from the audio frequency part 317, the feature of extraction will match by lock unit 130 compared with those features received from lock unit 140, and wherein in very short time interval of identifying of place time 434, (such as in 2 seconds or in 1/4 second) sends basic synchronization.After this, recognition unit 130 can use replacement/weight synchronization notice message (not shown, but be similar to message 414) to come to recognition unit 140 signaling, but this occurs in time place sent after message 434.In any one situation in two situations, replacement message 414 or and so on after, lock unit 130 will continue to use the audio frequency characteristics that extracts in remote synchronization unit 140 sending place characteristic extracting module 132 of message 415,416.
In certain embodiments, the replacement message being similar to 414 can send in the time 432 place (when namely having determined to take action to adjust its time delay at lock unit 130).In such embodiments, remote synchronization unit 140 can remove buffer immediately for remote audio characteristic time line.
Fig. 5 to 7 shows the process realizing the behavior described with reference to Fig. 4.Fig. 5 shows the step for carrying out the instantiation procedure 500 of audio frequency characteristics description (supervision) at local station (station 110 of the such as Fig. 1) place communicated with distant station (such as standing 120) in a flowchart.Process 500 from step 501 start, now, there is the removing (audio frequency characteristics buffer 520 comprises a part for memory 134) of audio frequency characteristics buffer 520.In addition, during step 501, to occur insertion point to be reset in feature buffer 520 so that insertion point is placed on original position, make buffer can record now the feature of detection.In step 502 place, the microphone 131 of Fig. 1 is activated with capturing audio 114, and provides this audio frequency to the characteristic extracting module 132 of Fig. 1.
During step 503, characteristic extracting module 132 checks notable feature in the audio frequency of catching.Audio feature extraction is still known, and there is the multiple possible realization of the characteristic extracting module 132 of Fig. 1.The envelope of audio frequency in figs. 2 and 3 can represent the attribute of the feature in audio frequency, such as quiet part and crest.But the feature relevant with envelope or waveform can become hidden or be destroyed by ambient noise, and can not represent the best features of searching in some cases.The various forms of the spectrum analysis on the wicket (such as 10-100mS) of the audio frequency spectrum shape of coefficient (MFCC) (such as fall according to Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) or mel-frequency) can detect the feature of expectation.Paid close attention to feature can be comprised up to the concrete bands of a spectrum of predetermined quantity (such as 3) or coefficient with peak.For obtaining qualifications for being elected, feature may need the sound level at least higher than absolute rank or other predetermined decibels of background noise level, to help to eliminate the feature deriving from noise or other context sources irrelevant with audio frequency 114.Window function (such as Hanning, Hamming, Gaussian etc.) can be used as the multiplier of capturing audio, resembles with the external spectrum puppet reduced from windowing process.
In certain embodiments, the window overlapping with analysis before can be used (such as to use the wide window of 50mS to carry out each continuous print spectrum analysis, can often extract by 25mS occurrence characteristics, or generation per second 40 feature extractions), minimize to make the change of the feature detection caused due to the timing relationship between analysis window and the audio frequency of catching.The United States Patent (USP) 5,437,050 of the people such as Lamb describes similar Feature Extraction Technology.
At the United States Patent (USP) 8 that the title of the people such as Wang is " SystemandMethodsforRecognizingSoundandMusicSignalsinHigh NoiseandDistortion ", 190, the method of use " terrestrial reference time point and the distinctive feature (footprint) associated " is described in 435, reproducing wherein in terrestrial reference time point constitution content can detection position (crest in such as envelope or flex point), and distinctive character representation is positioned at or the feature of signal close to such terrestrial reference time point.Compared with regular periodic samples, service time, point provided the narrow set much of the data realizing representation feature.The sound identification method of Wang can promote the search in huge database (such as having the database of more than 10000 or 10000 head song).Although the mark terrestrial reference of the people such as Wang can perform the feature extraction relevant with disclosure principle with distinctive characteristic differentiation, but the relatively limited size (such as having the buffer being less than 30 minutes audio storage capacity) of the expection of the feature buffer extracted, even if make when using the feature extracted from the audio frequency of sampling regularly, finds coupling easily a lot of in the feature making this locality in memory 314 extract.Note, in order to correctly record terrestrial reference time point, stable clock 136 is useful for target relative time definitely, although also do not need to represent the time in the middle of real one day with the unnecessary and clock of being synchronously still of remote clock 146.Alternatively, terrestrial reference time point can have and the associating of the sample counter increased progressively along with each audio sample of catching.
At meeting paper " ALargeSetofAudioFeaturesforSoundDescription ", rcam, Paris, in 2004, Peters lists multiple instantaneous description symbols of sampled voice, and summarizes the algorithm calculated it.In the middle of these, except STFT, be that mel-frequency falls coefficient and noise.Can be used in describe in the 11st the ISMIR meeting of Dutch Utrecht in 2010, can the open source software project developed by TelecomParistech be used as and " YAAFE, the anEasytoUseandEfficientAudioFeatureExtractionSoftware " of the people such as the B.Mathieu that can obtain at website yaafe.sourceforge.net carry out the extraction of the great majority (if not all) in these features.
During the step 504 of Fig. 5, the example that the feature that lock unit (lock unit 130 of such as Fig. 1) can search extraction from audio frequency 114 repeats about the part play recently, if player 111 receives the order of refunding or recovering after back redirect also to play, such example may be there is.In such example, when compared with the feature be stored in local buffer 520, the feature extracted during step 503 will produce basic coupling (although with the uncorrelated background noise of audio frequency 114 now or before received otherwise may suppress, hiding or destroy each feature, and will mate from identical sampling or at the further feature of same time consecutive points acquisition).In addition, each in the feature detection module 132 and 142 of Fig. 1 can service regeulations, and the major part of the feature that this rule request extracts within the significant time interval (such as 2-10 second) will reach standard before being considered to coupling.
When finding coupling during performing step 504, corresponding to determining that audio frequency 144 forms the repetition of comparatively early part, then, during step 505, the local station 110 of Fig. 1 sends message to distant station 120, to advise that distant station removes the feature sent by local station 110 in its buffer, because record no longer represents the up-to-date replacement timeline of local station.During step 506, do not remove local buffer 520 (it may occur in an alternative embodiment), but insertion point can be modified in buffer by local station 110, to correspond to the position of mating appearance in local buffer.Like this, at least within a bit of time, local buffer 520 not only represents the nearest history of audio program, also represents a small amount of prediction of the immediate future for this program.If the size 215 of back redirect is excessive and match from the current signature that distant station 120 receives with relative to insertion point point a little in the future, then this can be useful, and can provide and help the information of synchronously carrying out intense adjustment (as discussed further with reference to Fig. 6).
During step 507, the feature extracted during step 503 is stored in the current insertion point place in local buffer 520, and lock unit increases progressively insertion point.If insertion point is positioned at ending place of buffer, then the current length of the feature expansion buffer stored.If buffer can not exceed predetermined size, then when an insertion new feature, delete the oldest feature (in buffer those features) the earliest.In certain embodiments, cyclic buffer can realize using new data to rewrite the technology of legacy data.
During the step 508 of Fig. 5, the local station 110 of Fig. 1 is to the feature extracted during the distant station 120 of Fig. 1 is sent in step 503.In certain embodiments, local station 110 can use the information of self-clock 136 to carry out time mark to these features, and/or local station can send tool sequenced feature.Like this, even if the information drop-out of centre, or distant station receives unordered message, and the feature that distant station 120 also can receive relative to other places the feature of reception.
During step 509, the process of the present interval of audio frequency terminates, and completes, and therefore process can start to repeat with step 502.At every turn the repeating of process does not need the buffer of all generation steps 501 to remove and insertion point replacement.In one embodiment, local audio monitoring process 500 can repeat when each hardware audio buffer is full of, such as, may typically utilize the driver of audio collection card or digital microphone interface and correspondence thereof to occur together.
Synchronous regime between Fig. 6 shows in a flowchart and to determine from the audio signal of the local and remote long-range presentation station of Fig. 1, and instruction and/or any essential difference of correcting therebetween are with the step of the instantiation procedure 600 of the content synchronously play.Process 600 starts from initial step 601, by trigger from the arrival message of remote synchronization unit start step 601 (such as received by station 120/ lock unit 140, from any message 412-416 of station 110/ lock unit 130 of Fig. 1, or received by station 110/ lock unit 130, from the message 422-423 of station 120/ lock unit 140).
During step 602, occur to form to the message received during step 601 determination resetting message (message 414 of such as Fig. 2) or form remote diagnosis message (any message in such as Fig. 2 except message 414).If during step 602, local station (such as standing 110) determines that distant station (such as standing 120) has reset the timeline of this distant station, then during step 603, local station removes the remote diagnosis be stored in local storage in buffer 630.After this, step 610 completes the process to resetting message now.
But if during step 602, local station determines that this message comprises feature, then, during step 604, local station will receive remote diagnosis.If time mark and/or sequence number are with the remote diagnosis received, then, in step 605 when feature is stored in remote diagnosis buffer 530, local station will suitably associate the feature received along timeline.
During step 606, whether a part for the feature that local station inspection (storing during the process 500 of Fig. 5) this locality in buffer 520 is detected corresponds to the nearest timeline of the remote diagnosis in buffer 630.If not corresponding, then during step 610, complete the process of the message received during step 601.But, if during step 606, local station determines that the nearest part of the remote diagnosis in remote buffer 630 corresponds to the sequence number of the feature in local buffer 520, then during step 607, find the correspondence of the nearest feature in remote buffer 630 in local buffer 520 after, local station determines the time difference (as discussed about process 500) about the current insertion point in local buffer 520 above.
In step 508 place, carry out playing whether far ahead of the determination of remote playing to this locality, if like this, then can initiate corrective action (such as to suspend or back redirect) in step 609 place.If in step 508 place, carry out to the whether enough synchronous determination of local and remote audio frequency (such as some/mono-second within), then not taking any action, and stopping the process to current message in this process of step 610 place.In certain embodiments, find correspondence before insertion point during (such as during step 506, local player back redirect and insertion point are back moved now), strategy can be ordered in this case, remote synchronization unit is had a responsibility for processing this problem, in this case, during step 610, complete the processing locality to the message received during step 601.But, if the corresponding points of nearest feature are after insertion point in remote buffer 630, and in fact enough at rear, insertion point amounts are (such as under a strategy, 500mS or higher), then in step 609 place, local synchronization unit will provide synch command (such as redirect forward).
During step 609, local synchronization unit can provide synch command to come only as report.In other words, local synchronization unit 130 can show the warning that synch command is used as user 115 on display 137, indicates the local player 111 of this user to need to refund or suspend one section of concrete time quantum thus to user.In other embodiments, lock unit 130 can use (integral) Long-distance Control transmitter 138 of one to refund by player 111 as required or suspend.In other other embodiment, local synchronization unit 130 can warn mutual delay value (such as delay value 213/313) to user, and 138 actions providing execution suitable to user that use a teleswitch.If delay value becomes very large (such as higher than a few minutes) mutually, then this kind of rear method is highly profitable, and a kind of rear method will represent significantly " review " by local user 115, but user may not like.
Participate in the long-range embodiment presenting session for having more than two stations 110 and 120, independent process 600 can at the distant station local runtime of each participation, and wherein each station has the remote buffer 630 of himself.Alternatively, according to the distant station of initiating, the selection of the remote buffer used in each step in step 603,605 and 606 is by the initiator according to message.In addition, along with the participation of more than one distant station, the synch command provided during step 609 should correspond to the distant station lagging behind other station most.
Consider following example, wherein suppose existence three station, each station has himself lock unit.Suppose that one of them station (such as " this locality " stands) communicates with two other (" long-range ") station, and suppose leading first distant station of local station 5 seconds, and leading second distant station 12 seconds (namely local station is before two other stations, but leading different amount).In this case, the synch command provided by local station during step 609 should correspond to the mutual time delay of 12 seconds, and this mutual time delay of 12 seconds is associated with in terms of content leading between local station with the second distant station.In this case, the first distant station should consider himself leading second distant station 7 seconds, and falls behind local station 5 seconds.Therefore, local station will by play content back redirect or suspend 12 seconds, and the first distant station will back redirect or time-out 7 seconds, result in both local station and the first distant station and all take action so that himself is synchronous with the second distant station.Second distant station will not take synchronization action, but using the recipient of two message of the remote buffer as this second distant station of removing, in two message, each is respectively from other two stations.
Fig. 7 shows the step playing synchronous instantiation procedure 700 for content in a flowchart, wherein about the synchronous determination of remote audio source generation local audio source.Process 700 starts from step 701, and local synchronization unit initiates the communication with remote synchronization unit.During step 702, the interval of local synchronization elements capture audio frequency.Step 703 the term of execution, local synchronization unit extracts feature from the audio frequency of catching.During step 704, the local feature detected is stored in the local characteristic time line of local feature buffer 520.Now, local synchronization unit will send these local features (step is not shown) to remote synchronization unit.During step 705, local synchronization unit from remote synchronization unit receive feature, and locally in remote diagnosis buffer 630 during step 706 after this will will store this remote diagnosis.During step 707, local synchronization unit determines whether the nearest feature be stored in remote buffer 630 matches with the feature in local buffer 520.If coupling, then, during step 708, local synchronization unit determines mutual time delay (such as time delay 213/313), and during step 709, correspondingly provides synchronizing information afterwards.In addition, if or there is not appropriate coupling in step 707 place, then current repetition of process 700 ends at step 710.
" substance " of the coupling such as determined during step 504,606 and 707 forms about tuning.When consider and remote diagnosis that the short interval of remote audio is associated time (10-100mS in the such as duration), detecting can relatively easily (because only having nearest remote diagnosis just to mate) with mating of the feature in local buffer 520, but the reliable instruction of mutual time delay 213/313 may can not be provided, because the remote audio characterized by these remote diagnosis may be occurred once, or can occur in background noise.Similarly, the coupling stringency influential system of needs.Such as, with regard to producing the short interval of the feature that 4 are detected, hard and fast rule may need to occur in remote diagnosis that all four features are to declare coupling.More undemanding rule may declare coupling based on existing in four features three.When longer interval, if the interval long (such as 20 seconds) of this coupling is made at station, then station may present without response.If before identification coupling, the coupling of longer interval (such as 5 seconds) needs the correspondence of the feature in the very large fragment at too much interval (such as 10-100mS) short continuously or short interval, then station may present preciosity.Such as, if the 5 seconds continuous print coupling between short interval is necessary, then system may be insensitive to the coupling in presenting at background noise.If system needs the characteristic matching of the 90-100% in 5 seconds intervals can say equally, the differentiation station be wherein applicable to may have little to 50% success rate or the feature of even less appropriate intervals on the time line match.
The tuning content according to playing like this.When contextual audio comprises music, repeat at place's choral society of the concrete time interval.In this case, will exist and comprise obscuring of one of local multiple historical sample detected or the example in future (also detecting in this locality) about the feature corresponding with the chorus that distant station is reported.Fortunately, in most of advance TV program and movie program, such situation also by dialogue, audio and other accompaniment or distinguished by the rhythm, it may be used for the layout in line settling time.When occurring obscuring (namely because the identical sequence of remote diagnosis has appearred in the one or more positions in local feature buffer), lock unit can improve by the size at the interval of comparing, and is clarified until this is obscured.Such as, if there are 3 repetition of characteristic sequence of 5 seconds in local buffer, then local synchronization unit can be solved this by temporarily raising by the length (such as bringing up to 10 seconds or 15 seconds) at the interval of feature of comparing and obscures.
In the conceived case, if it is not the redirect forward recommended by lock unit 130 or the order changing channel that local player 111 receives, if or lock unit 130 can detect such action, then should remove the local feature buffer 520 in memory 134, and send message (such as 414) and notify that each remote synchronization unit resets buffer, make these remote synchronization unit can carry out same operation to the remote diagnosis buffer 630 of their correspondences.Such detection can be occurred by the interruption in monitor audio 14 because when change channel or forward redirect time, some players 111 produce the peace and quiet of predetermined time interval.In other cases, by monitoring manual controller 116, remote controlled receiver (not shown) that lock unit 130 can allow the detection of such order by use, that be connected to controller 133 manually detects the remote control command of initiating for player 111.When such interruption or order being detected, local synchronization unit can perform search during such as step 506, to determine whether the new point play still is arranged in local buffer, and if do not exist, local synchronization unit will remove local buffer.
Fig. 8 shows a series of illustrations 800 of the situation at station 110 and 120 place at the telepresence system with synchronously relevant Fig. 1 according to disclosure principle.The illustration in the upper left corner of Fig. 8 shows user 115 at station 110 place while being sitting on the long-range long-range sofa 816 presenting monitor 137 front presenting camera 830 with colocated, the program on viewing monitor 112.The illustration in the upper right corner of Fig. 8 shows user 825 at station 120 place while being sitting on the long-range long-range sofa 826 presenting monitor 147 front presenting camera 840 with colocated, the same program on viewing monitor 122.Presented image that camera 830 and 840 catches and be presented at the long-range of manual-remote by long-range respectively and present on monitor 147 and 137.Therefore, long-range present monitor 147 (lower right corner place at Fig. 8) display comprise by the long-range image 820 presenting the end view of the user 115 that camera 830 is caught.Equally, long-range present monitor 137 (lower right-hand corner at Fig. 8) display comprise by the long-range image 810 presenting the end view of the user 825 that camera 840 is caught.Note, in this embodiment, long-range presentation station 110 and 120 has the lock unit 130 and 140 of embedding respectively, and the long-range monitor 137 and 147 that presents also serves as display for lock unit 130 and 140 respectively.
When lock unit 130 performs the process 600 of Fig. 6, therefore the message relevant with content synchronization will be shown in long-range presenting on monitor 137 for user 115.Such as, suppose the remote diagnosis message received based on slave station 120, lock unit 130 determines the program 6 seconds of the leading remote playing on monitor 122 of local program play on monitor 112.In this case, lock unit 130 is presented at display/long-range synch command 812 presented on monitor 137 by providing to user 115, indicates him or she to suspend broadcasting 6 seconds, and user can use a teleswitch and 116 to do like this, with correspondingly instructs player 111.By suspending player 111, user 115 will by the local content play is synchronous efficiently with the content just in remote playing.
Above describe for carrying out synchronous technology to the broadcasting of the content in local station and distant station place.
1., for a method for the synchronous content play at first stop and second station, described method comprises step:
By the audio frequency in the content play on described first stop compared with the audio frequency in the content play on described second station, to determine whether there is time delay between described first stop and described second station, and if exist, then
A time interval is reached at least one execution in pausing operation or skip operation of the content play by least one in described first stop and described second station, to make two basic synchronization of standing, the described time interval corresponds to the time interval that another station is led at a station.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described comparison step comprises the following steps:
At least be extracted in the multiple fisrt feature in the audio frequency in the content play at described first stop place, to be stored in the first buffer;
At least be extracted in the multiple second feature in the audio frequency in the content play at described second station place, to be stored in the second buffer;
At least some feature at least some feature in described multiple fisrt feature and described multiple second feature is matched; And
Establish the time delay between the fisrt feature of coupling and second feature, to determine in described first stop and described second station, another station is led at which station.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, described coupling step comprises and a large amount of described fisrt feature and a large amount of described second feature being matched.
4. method according to claim 2, also comprises step: once two stations become basic synchronization, then remove described second buffer.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, at least one in described pausing operation or skip operation is manually performed in response to the display of following message by operator, operator described in described information order performs described operation and reaches the described time interval, and the time interval at another station is led at the station corresponded in described first stop and described second station of the described time interval.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, performs pausing operation or back in skip operation one by that station leading in described first stop and described second station.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, performs redirect forward by that station fallen behind in described first stop and described second station.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, that station leading in described first stop and described second station performs pausing operation or back in skip operation one, and that station fallen behind in described first stop and described second station performs skip operation forward.
9. be used at first stop place, synchronously at content and the equipment for the content play at second station of first stop broadcasting, comprising:
Be positioned at the feature detection device of described first stop, for being at least extracted in the multiple fisrt feature in the audio frequency in the content of described first stop broadcasting;
Be positioned at the lock unit of described first stop, the multiple second feature extracted from the audio frequency the content play at described second station are at least received for (a), and more than first extracted audio frequency characteristics and more than second audio frequency characteristics compare by (b), to determine whether there is time delay between described first stop and described second station; And
Device, for generating synchronizing information, reach a time interval to make described first stop and described second station basic synchronization with at least one initiation in pausing operation or skip operation of content play for that the leading station in described first stop and described second station, the described time interval corresponds to the time interval that another station is led at a station.
10. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described lock unit, by a large amount of described fisrt feature and a large amount of described second feature being matched, compares more than first extracted audio frequency characteristics and more than second audio frequency characteristics.
11. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described synchronizing information comprises the display message for operator, described display message is for notifying that one that operator manually performs in described pausing operation or skip operation reaches the described time interval, and the time interval at another station is led at the station corresponded in described first stop and described second station of the described time interval.
12. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described synchronizing information comprises the order for the content player being positioned at described first stop, for when first stop leads over described second station, one in execution pausing operation or back skip operation.
13. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described synchronizing information comprises the order for the content player being positioned at described second station, for when first stop leads over described second station, performs skip operation forward.
14. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described synchronizing information comprises for the first order of the content player being positioned at described first stop and orders for second of the content player being positioned at described second station, described first order is used for performing when first stop leads over described second station pausing operation or back in skip operation one, and described second order is for performing skip operation forward when first stop leads over second station.
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