Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US5005113?dq=5095480
Timestamp: 2016-05-29 21:27:24
Document Index: 759997497

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 24', 'art 24', 'art 24', 'art 24', 'art 26', 'art 24']

Patent US5005113 - Hybrid circuit module having bridge circuit and rectifying circuit disposed ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsAn inverter circuit includes fast transistors for PWM and slow switching thyristors for a fundamental frequency. The inverter circuit further includes a rectifying circuit for rectifying an input AC power and a bridge circuit. The bridge circuit includes a plurality of bridge circuit arms, each of the...http://www.google.com/patents/US5005113?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5005113 - Hybrid circuit module having bridge circuit and rectifying circuit disposed on a same substrateAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5005113 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 07/433,773Publication dateApr 2, 1991Filing dateNov 9, 1989Priority dateNov 16, 1987Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS4918590Publication number07433773, 433773, US 5005113 A, US 5005113A, US-A-5005113, US5005113 A, US5005113AInventorsNobuo Ohtuka, Kouichi MatsumotoOriginal AssigneeSanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (10), Referenced by (7), Classifications (21), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetHybrid circuit module having bridge circuit and rectifying circuit disposed on a same substrate
US 5005113 AAbstract
An inverter circuit includes fast transistors for PWM and slow switching thyristors for a fundamental frequency. The inverter circuit further includes a rectifying circuit for rectifying an input AC power and a bridge circuit. The bridge circuit includes a plurality of bridge circuit arms, each of the bridge circuit arms constituted by connecting a collector terminal of a transistor to a cathode terminal of a thyristor. An emitter of the transistor is connected to a negative side of the rectified output of the rectifying circuit, and an anode of the thyristor is connected to a positive side of the rectified output of the rectifying circuit.
1. A conversion apparatus having a bridge circuit using fast switching transistors for PWM and slow switching thyristors for a fundamental frequency and supplying to a load an output AC power having a frequency which is different from a frequency of an input AC power supplied thereto, said inverter comprising:a rectifying circuit for rectifying a full wave of the input AC power and for providing a rectified output of pulsating power, transistors for ON/OFF switching, said transistors each having a collector terminal, an emitter terminal and a base terminal for switching ON/OFF an electric current from said collector terminal to said emitter terminal, thyristors having an ON/OFF switching speed slower than a switching speed of said transistors, said thyristors each having an anode terminal, a cathode terminal, and a gate terminal for switching ON/OFF an electric current from said anode terminal to said cathode terminal, a plurality of bridge circuit arms each comprising one of said transistors and one of said thyristors, said collector terminal of said one of said transistors being connected to said cathode terminal of said one of said thyristors, said emitter terminal of said one of said transistors being connected to a negative side of said rectified output from said rectifying circuit, said anode terminal of said one of said thyristors being connected to a positive side of said rectified output from said rectifying circuit, said plurality of bridge circuit arms being connected in parallel to each other to from the bridge circuit, controlling means for supplying an electric signal to said gate terminal of said thyristors and for supplying an electric signal to said base terminal of said transistors so as to supply the AC output power to said load in accordance with a desired frequency, wherein said transistors repeatedly switch between ON and OFF states while said thyristors are in an ON state, and, a zero cross signal generator for generating a zero cross signal at each half cycle of the input AC power supplied thereto, said controlling means further comprising means for dividing a pulsating power during a period of time between said zero cross signal and a subsequent zero cross signal into plural power portions in accordance with the period of time, and means for changing a polarity of each of said plural power portions to said load in accordance with the desired frequency. Description
This is a Divisional Application of application Ser. No. 07/271,306, filed Nov. 15, 1988, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,918,590 issued Aug. 17,1990.
The present invention also relates to a frequency conversion circuit, and is particularly concerned with an output circuit thereof.
Generally, a prior art frequency conversion circuit is known as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-42472, published Sept. 8, 1987. The circuit described in the aforementioned publication includes circuit switching elements for changing the direction in which a pulsating current is carried, each constituting thyristor elements, whereby a desired frequency is obtained from controlling an ignition timing of the thyristors.
Such prior art comprises a single thyristor module containing a plurality of thyristors for directly controlling power principally, a single diode module containing a plurality of diodes for rectification, a drive circuit for the thyristors, and an ignition timing control circuit of thyristors.
Meanwhile, in the case where the frequency conversion circuit is constituted of transistor elements, an arbitrary frequency can be generated, however, an ON/OFF control circuit and an independent power source for control will be necessary at every transistor element, and thus the circuit becomes inevitably large in size and complicated at the same time, and the thyristor module and the diode module are connected by a lead wire or wiring pattern. Accordingly, a pulsating current of large power flows to the lead wire or wiring pattern, and an significant electromagnetic noise is radiated from the lead wire or wiring pattern, thus causing a noise interruption in a TV, audio equipment and other such devices. Then, since the thyristor module and the diode module are separated from each other, the circuit size becomes large, and a troublefree a low cost operation is therefore not realized for the circuit.
In view of such problems, an object having a present invention to provide a frequency conversion circuit simple configuration and capable of providing an arbitrary frequency, and is to further provide a frequency conversion circuit which achieves realizing miniaturization and enhancement of reliability using a circuit comprising thyristors, transistors and rectifier diodes.
The present invention provides an electric circuit for supplying controlled frequency electric power to a load comprising: thyristors, each having a gate terminal for supplying an electric current from its anode terminal to its cathode terminal; transistors each having a gate terminal for switching ON/OFF an electric current from its collector terminal to its emitter terminal; series circuit means connected between the cathode terminal of the thyristor and the collector terminal of the transistor; a bridge circuit having a plurality of arms between terminals of an electric power source so that one terminal and the other terminal are coupled to the anode terminal of the thyristor and the emitter of the transistor, respectively. A controlling circuit device is provided to supply an electric signal to the gate terminal of the thyristors and supplying an electric signal to the base terminal of the transistor to supply an electric current periodically to the load in accordance with the desired frequency. The transistor repeatedly provides an ON/OFF state while the thyristor is in an ON state.
The present invention provides also an electric circuit for supplying a single-phase electric power which permits miniaturization and enhancement of the reliability by thyristors, transistors and rectifier diodes.
Also, the present invention provides a hybrid circuit device for supplying electric power to a load comprising: printed circuit base means, molded integrally with plastic resin, for supplying electric power to the output terminals, a plurality of switching semiconductors forming a bridge circuit and adapted to provide ON/OFF switching operation to supply electric power of a desired frequency; and a plurality of rectifier diodes for rectifying the AC power and then feeding the rectified power to the switching semiconductors. The bridge circuit can have arms each of which has a thyristor and a transistor connected in series to the thyristor. Alternatively, the bridge circuit can be formed with arms each having two transistors that are connected together in series In an embodiment, the sensor is provided to sense temperature of the switching semi-conductors.
FIGS. 2a to 2f diagrams illustrating the case where a 60 Hz output is obtained using the circuit shown in FIG. 1,
FIGS. 3a to 3c are diagrams illustrating a zero cross output,
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the ON/OFF state of a photo-coupler at each operation mode,
FIGS. 6 and 7 are operational flow charts of the main operation of the controlling part shown in FIG. 11,
FIGS. 9(d)-(n) are diagrams illustrating the case where another frequency output is obtained,
Referring first to FIG. 1 showing an electronic circuit of a main part of a single-phase conversion circuit, a thyristor 1 has a cathode terminal connected to a collector terminal of a transistor 2. An ignition circuit having a photo-coupler 3 is provided on a gate terminal of the thyristor 1. The thyristor 1 and the photo-coupler 3 are connected to self-bias resistors 4 and 5, respectively. A bias circuit having a driving transistor 6 and a photo-coupler 7 is provided on a base terminal of the transistor 2. The transistors 2 and 6 are connected at their base terminals with base resistors 9 and 8, respectively. A thyristor 10, similar to the thyristor 1, has an ignition circuit having a photo-coupler 11 on a gate terminal of the thyristor 10. The thyristor 10 and the photo-coupler 11 are connected with self-bias resistors 13 and 12, respectively. A transistor 14, similar to the transistor 2, is connected at its base terminal with a bias circuit having a driving transistor 15 and a photo-coupler 16. The transistors 14 and 15 are connected at their base terminals with base resistors 18 and 17, respectively The thyristors 1, 10 and the transistors 2, 14 are maintained in an ON state when the photo-couplers are in an ON state.
A constant voltage circuit 20 is provided to generate +Vcc voltage, which is supplied to the transistors 6, 15 and the photo-couplers 7, 16. The constant voltage circuit 20 has a rectifying part, a smoothing part and a stabilizing part, not shown.
A rectifying circuit 21 has four rectifying diodes 202, 203, 204, 205 connected in the form of a full bridge A pulsating voltage rectified by the rectifying circuit 21 is impressed between anode terminals of the thyristors 1, 10 and emitter terminals of the transistors 2, 14.
A two-way photo-coupler 22 is connected between the output terminals of a utilized AC power source 201. An output of the photo-coupler 22 is as illustrated by the item "(b)" when the operating voltage of a light emitting diode(LED) 206, 207 used on a photo transistor is taken into consideration, whereas the item (a) represents an output waveform of the utilized AC source. An output for which the output waveform is inverted by an inverter 23, that is, waveform shown in the item "(c)", is fed to a controlling part 24 (i.e., microcomputer or the like). The output corresponds to a zero cross output of the utilized AC power source.
The controlling part 24 controls a frequency of the power fed to the load 19 according to a frequency signal incoming from a terminal F, lighting up the photo thyristors 209, 210, photo transistors 211, 212, and photo thyristors 213, 214 of the photo-couplers 3, 7, 11 and 16 through a buffer 25 to determine an output frequency. Reference numerals 217-220 denote reverse-blocking diodes, reference numerals and 221 and 222 denote capacitors.
In FIG. 2 of the drawings (a) shows that pulsating current output of the rectifying circuit 21, (b) shows the zero cross output of the AC power source, (c) shows the ON outputs of the photo-couplers (A)3, (B)7, (C)11, (D)16 for obtaining the 60 Hz output, and (d) shows the voltage impressed on the load 19. The arrow shows in full line and that shown in dotted line in (d) depict the directions of the voltage impressed so as to carry an electric current in the directions indicated by the arrow shown in full line and that shown in dotted line of the load 19 shown in FIG. 1, respectively. That is, an electric current flows in the directions indicated by arrows in FIG. 1 when a voltage is impressed in the directions indicated by arrows in FIG. 2. Accordingly, when obtaining the 60 Hz output, the direction in which an electric current is carried may be changed according to the zero cross output shown in (d). In this case, a voltage which is the same as a rated voltage of the AC power source is impressed on the load.
In FIG. 2, (e) and (f) show the changing of a mean voltage impressed at 60 Hz in output frequency, wherein an impression of the voltage is interrupted T Time after (t1) a zero crossing time (t0), and further impression of the voltage is recommenced T time thereafter (t2). For impressing such a voltage waveform, an ON/OFF operation of the photo-coupler (B) (transistor 2) will be controlled to the times t0, t1, t2, t3 with the photo-coupler (C) (thyristor 11), for example, kept on. The period of time T1 +T2 +T3 covers a half cycle of 60 Hz, and T1 =T2 in this case. Accordingly, the time between T1 and T2 may be set on characteristics such as efficiency, output and the like of the load 19.
Accordingly, the controlling part 24 comprises controlling ON states of the photo-couplers (A)3, (B)7, (C)11, (D)16 so as to obtain output waveforms shown in FIG. 2 (see also FIG. 1).
In the conversion circuit constructed as above, the full-wave rectifying circuit 21, the thyristors 1, 10 and the transistors 2, 14 are contained within the device 27, and the length of the wiring pattern for connecting the rectifying circuit 21 and the thyristors 1, 10 or the transistors 2, 14 can be made shorter Accordingly, an effective length that the wiring pattern functions as an antenna becomes short, thus decreasing the radiation of electromagnetic noise. Further, a use of the device may realize a compaction of the circuit and thus a miniaturization of the conversion circuit.
In the above-described embodiment of the invention, by molding the rectifier element and the plurality of switching elements integrally, an effective length in which the wiring or wiring pattern for connecting the rectifier element and the switching elements functions as an antenna can be shortened, a radiation of electromagnetic noise due to a carried pulsating current will be suppressed, and thus an influence to be exerted on other electronic equipment can be suppressed. Further, by using such a device, space utilized can be lessened, and the electric circuit can be miniaturized as a consequence.
FIGS. 6 and 7 are operational flow charts for obtaining the aforementioned outputs, namely operational flow charts of the controlling part 24 shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 8 represents data at each frequency, wherein a mean voltage impressed on the load is determined according to time T0, T1, a reference character "m" represents a count number of zero cross output indicating an end of one period, and "n" represents a count number of the mode in a half period. That is, the direction in which an electric current is carried to a load is transferred from the direction indicated by the arrow shown in full line to that of the arrow shown in dotted line when "n" reaches a predetermined count number, and the current carrying direction is transferred from the direction indicated by the arrow shown in dotted line to that of the arrow shown in full line when "m" reaches a predetermined count number. Thus, the end of one period is detected on the count number of zero cross output, therefore the frequency can be changed in accordance with the zero cross output at all times.
First, starting and constant setting are carried out at step s1 (F=1, M=1, N=0). A frequency signal applied to the terminal F is supplied at step S2, and data (m, n, T0, T1) according to the frequency is read from the table of FIG. 8. Next, a presence of the zero cross output is detected at step S3 so that a first mode output in the half cycle can be synchronized with the zero cross output at all times. When the zero cross output is present, "1" is added to M and N to shift the next mode, and a new half cycle starting is set at step S4. Next, whether "N≧n" is determined at step S5. That is, whether the output waveform is on the side of the arrow shown in full line (positive output) or on the side of the arrow shown in dotted line (negative output) is decided, and when "N≧n", the flag is rewritten to F=0 (indicating negative output) at step S6. Accordingly, I mode output (positive output) or III mode (negative output) is decided to a value of the flag and then so generated. The output is maintained for the time T1 thereafter at step S7. Whenever the time is up, "1" is added as N=N+1 at step S8 to the next mode output. Whether the next mode is II mode (positive output) or IV mode (negative output) is determined at step S9 and so generated. The output is maintained for the time T0 thereafter at step S10. After the time is up, "1" is added as N=N+1 at step S11 to the next mode output. Whether or not "N≧n", that is, whether or not the output is changed to a negative output is determined at step S12 in this case, and if "N≧n", then "F=0". Whether I mode output (positive output) or III mode (negative output) is decided thereafter at step S13 and so generated. Next, "M≧m", that is, whether or not the output for one period ends at the last mode of half cycle is decided at step S14, and when the output for one period is finished, F,M and N are determined as F=1, M=0, and N=0 at step S15 to return to step S2, and when not yet finished, the mode output decided at S13 is kept until the time is up on the zero cross output at S3.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state when a 40 Hz output is obtained, wherein the 40 Hz output frequency (60/1.5=40 Hz) is obtainable from carrying the latter half pulsating current second from the left in the direction indicated by an arrow in dotted line, that is, making a half cycle of the output waveform 1.5 times. ON states of the photo-couplers (A), (B), (C), (D) in this case may be controlled as shown by the item (j) in FIG. 9. As in the case of item (i) in FIG. 2, a non-current carrying time T0 will be provided and a mean voltage impressed on the load may be regulated to an efficiency of the load. Items (k), (1), (m), (n) in FIG. 9 indicate output waveforms when outputs of 40 Hz, 30 Hz, 24 Hz, 20 Hz are obtained, respectively.
To obtain various frequency outputs shown in FIG. 9, a combination of waveforms in one cycle of the utilized AC power source may be changed. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the one cycle (see item (i) in FIG. 2), wherein if a current carrying time to the load is T1 and a non-current carrying time is T0 (the aforementioned time), then the one cycle can be divided into T1 →T0 →T1 →T1 →T0 →T1, and a combination of ON states of the photo-coupler at each time can be classified into I mode→II mode→III mode→IV mode→III mode (for each mode status refer to FIG. 5). The illustration is that for obtaining 60 Hz output, however, when compared with other frequency outputs shown in FIG. 9, the time is repeated all the time as T1 →T0 →T1 notwithstanding that the output frequency varies. Accordingly, different frequency outputs will be obtainable by changing an output order of I mode to IV mode. For example, when obtaining 40 Hz output, the mode comes in I→II→I→I→II→III→III→IV.fwdarw.III (for one period), while the time is as T1 →T0 →T1 →T1 →T0 →T1 →T1 →T0 →T1 (for one period).
FIG. 10 shows an electronic circuit which has some change in layout from that of FIG. 2. In FIG. 10, the thyristors 1, 10, the transistors 2, 14, the full-wave rectifying circuit 21 and a temperature sensor 28 which are shown in FIG. 11 are molded and separated within a single module 27. A temperature protecting part 26 outputs a signal to the controlling part 24 to a current carrying to the load when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 28 connected through terminals 3, 3' reaches a predetermined temperature.
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the molded device 27 shown in FIG. 11. In FIG. 12, the device 27 has an insulation layer 30 on an aluminum substrate 29, a wiring pattern 31 on the insulation layer 30, a chip 32 of the transistor, a lead wire 33 extending outwardly for connection with external electrical elements an outer frame 34 of a suitable synthetic resin, a terminal 301 and a filler 35 of a suitable synthetic resin filled in a space between the outer frame 34 and the aluminum substrate 29.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4424557 *Dec 28, 1981Jan 3, 1984General Electric CompanyFull bridge PWM inverter with distributed device switchingUS4482946 *Sep 27, 1982Nov 13, 1984Canadian Patents And Development LimitedHybrid inverterUS4485434 *Jul 12, 1982Nov 27, 1984Lee Electric (Lighting) LimitedPower supply for arc lampsUS4489371 *Apr 23, 1982Dec 18, 1984Westinghouse Electric Corp.Synthesized sine-wave static generatorUS4670833 *Jun 3, 1985Jun 2, 1987Anton Piller Gmbh & Co. KgSemiconductor module for a high-speed switching arrangementUS4709317 *Sep 15, 1986Nov 24, 1987Hitachi, Ltd.Inverting apparatusUS4918590 *Nov 15, 1988Apr 17, 1990Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Hybrid circuit module having bridge circuit and rectifying circuit disposed on a same substrateDE3109750A1 *Mar 13, 1981Sep 30, 1982Siemens AgCircuit arrangement for an invertor for supplying an AC load with an alternating voltage, especially a sinusoidal AC voltageJPS5341729A * Title not availableJPS6242472A * Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5880950 *Aug 29, 1997Mar 9, 1999Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inverter driving circuit for brushless d.c. motorUS7391616 *Jul 6, 2005Jun 24, 2008Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd.Plasma display deviceUS8267897Jan 6, 2010Sep 18, 2012W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.Center twist hemostatic valveUS20060077619 *Jul 6, 2005Apr 13, 2006Ki-Jung KimPlasma display deviceUS20080232052 *Apr 17, 2008Sep 25, 2008Ki-Jung KimPlasma display deviceUS20110166527 *Jan 6, 2010Jul 7, 2011Wells Dax BCenter twist hemostatic valveCN100489921CAug 2, 2005May 20, 2009三星Sdi株式会社等离子体显示装置* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification363/37, 363/132, 363/136International ClassificationH03K17/79, H02M5/45, H02M7/48, H03K17/795, H01L25/18Cooperative ClassificationH01L2924/1301, H01L2224/48137, H02M7/48, H03K17/7955, H01L2224/48091, H02M5/45, H03K17/79, H01L25/18European ClassificationH03K17/79, H02M5/45, H02M7/48, H03K17/795B, H01L25/18Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionSep 12, 1994FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Sep 29, 1998FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Sep 19, 2002FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services