Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CA2704053C/en
Timestamp: 2019-09-22 01:04:23
Document Index: 574553713

Matched Legal Cases: ['application No.\n97', 'art 13', 'art 16', 'art 16', 'art 16', 'application No. 97', 'art 16', 'art 13', 'art 13', 'art 13', 'art 16', 'art 13', 'art 13', 'art 13', 'arts 13', 'art 13', 'art 47', 'art 13', 'art 47', 'art 47', 'art 13', 'art.\n18']

CA2704053C - Floor covering - Google Patents
CA2704053C
CA2704053C CA2704053A CA2704053A CA2704053C CA 2704053 C CA2704053 C CA 2704053C CA 2704053 A CA2704053 A CA 2704053A CA 2704053 A CA2704053 A CA 2704053A CA 2704053 C CA2704053 C CA 2704053C
CA2704053A
CA2704053A1 (en
2001-06-20 Priority to CA2580837A priority patent/CA2580837C/en
2001-12-27 Publication of CA2704053A1 publication Critical patent/CA2704053A1/en
2013-08-13 Publication of CA2704053C publication Critical patent/CA2704053C/en
The invention concerns a floor covering consisting of hard panels which are provided, at least on two opposite edges, with coupling means made in one piece with the panels, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction (R1) perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction (R2) perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering. These coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove. The lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove is longer than the lip on the top side. A free space is provided under the tongue extending as the tip of the tongue up to coupling parts.
It is known that such laminate panels can be made of ' different layers. Usually, the panels are formed of boards = 'on the basis of wood, such as chipboard or fiberboard, in particular MDF or HDF, upon which one or several layers, .15 including a decorative layer, are provided at least on the top side. The decorative layer may be a printed paper layer, but in certain embodiments it may just as well be a layer of wood, in particular veneer. Such panels can also be made of other materials, for example merely synthetic material, or of a base plate on the basis of wood, such as chipboard, MDF or HDF and the like, upon which is provided, instead of a printed paper layer or veneer, another material such as cork, thin stripS of wood and the like.
It is also known to couple these panels on their edges as they are laid, either by means of a conventional tongue and groove joint, whereby they are possibly glued together, either by means of a glueless coupling which provides for a mutual interlocking of the panels both in the horizontal and vertical direction, for example as described in international patent No. 97/47834.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a floor covering consisting of hard panels, wherein these panels are provided, at least on two opposite edges, with coupling means, so that several of such panels can be mutually coupled; wherein these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering; wherein the above-mentioned coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and whereby a lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, is longer than a lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip; wherein the coupling means consist at least of first coupling parts, formed of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue and the bottom side of the upper lip respectively, second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces, on the top side of the lower lip and an opposite part of the other panel respectively, and third coupling parts providing for the horizontal interlocking, which are situated on the lower lip, yet further than the free end of the upper lip, wherein these third coupling parts are situated between said first and second ones; wherein the third coupling parts consist of an inwardly directed contact surface provided near the free end of the lower lip, on this lip, and a contact surface working in conjunction with it which is formed on the other panel; wherein the second coupling parts consist of a contact surface formed on the top side of the free end of the lower lip, as well as a contact surface working in conjunction with it on the bottom side of the other panel, characterized in that a free space is provided under the tongue extending as of the tip of the tongue up to the third coupling parts.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a floor covering consisting of hard panels, wherein these panels are provided with coupling 2a means on at least two opposite edges, so that several of such panels can be mutually coupled; wherein these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering; wherein said coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and wherein a lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, is longer than a lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip;
wherein the coupling means consist at least of first coupling parts formed of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue and the bottom side of the upper lip respectively, second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces, on the top side of the lower lip and an opposite part of the other panel respectively and third coupling parts which provide for the horizontal interlocking situated on the lower lip, yet further than the free end of the upper lip; wherein the second coupling parts are situated between the first and the third ones; and wherein these second coupling parts consist of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another and defining a local contact zone situated in the middle or practically in the middle between the tip of the tongue and the third coupling parts, characterized in that said local contact zone is substantially located beyond the upper lip; that said second coupling parts mainly provide a vertical support only; and that the third coupling parts comprise an interlocking part at the lower lip with an inwardly inclined locking surface, wherein in the coupled condition of two of such panels a space remains present above the upper side of said interlocking part.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a floor covering consisting of hard panels, whereby these panels are provided with coupling means on at least two opposite edges made in one piece with the panels, as a result of which several of such panels can be mutually coupled to one another, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction i , 2b perpendicular to the edges concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby:
- the above-mentioned coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove, whereby this groove is bordered on the bottom side, the top side respectively, by a lip, hereafter called the lower lip and the upper lip respectively, whereby the distal end of the upper lip defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane V1;
- the lower lip is longer than the upper lip;
- there is an interlocking part on a part of the lower lip which extends past the free end of the upper lip, with a contact surface which, when coupled, works in conjunction with a contact surface which is provided on the other panel, whereby these contact surfaces form a contact zone when coupled, whose center defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane V2;
- before the above-mentioned interlocking part, in the direction of the groove, is formed a space in the lower lip which is open on the top side;
- in the coupled situation, there is a contact zone in the cross section in which the top side of the tongue makes contact with the bottom side of the upper lip, whereby the point of this contact zone which is situated most inwardly defines a first vertical plane, hereafter called plane V3, the most outwardly situated point of this contact zone defines a second vertical plane, hereafter called plane V4, and both planes V3 and V4 define a vertical plane situated right in between, hereafter called plane V5;
- the top side of the interlocking part defines a horizontal level, hereafter called level Ni;
- the bottom side of a part upon which the tongue is provided and which extends from the tip of the tongue to the interlocking zone, defines a horizontal level, hereafter called level N2;
- the average height of the contact zone between the top side of the tongue and the bottom side of the upper lip define a horizontal level, hereafter called level N4;
2c - the distance between the planes V1 and V2 is at least half of the distance between the levels N3 and N4, characterized in that the floor covering further provides at least in the combination of the following characteristics:
- that the panels, and basically also the above-mentioned lips, are made of fiberboard of the type MDF or HDF;
- that the coupling means are made such that the panels can be assembled by pushing them towards one another; and - that the above-mentioned space extends to beneath the upper lip, such that this space is in conformity with at least one feature selected from the following two:
b) that the part of this space which is situated under the level Ni extends inwardly to at least past the plane V5.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a floor covering consisting of hard panels, wherein these panels are provided, at least on two opposite edges, with coupling means, so that several of such panels can be mutually coupled; wherein these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering; wherein the above-mentioned coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and whereby a lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, is longer than a lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip; wherein the coupling means consist at least of first coupling parts, formed of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue and the bottom side of the upper lip respectively, second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces, on the top side of the lower lip and an opposite part of the other panel respectively, and third coupling parts providing for the horizontal interlocking, which are situated on the lower lip, yet further than the free end of the upper lip, wherein these third 2d coupling parts are situated between said first and second ones; wherein the third coupling parts consist of an inwardly directed contact surface provided near the free end of the lower lip, on this lip, and a contact surface working in conjunction with it which is formed on the other panel; wherein the second coupling parts consist of a contact surface formed on the top side of the free end of the lower lip, as well as a contact surface working in conjunction with it on the bottom side of the other panel, characterized in that a free space is provided under the tongue extending as of the tip of the tongue up to the third coupling parts, and in that panels are excluded in which, viewed over the complete length of the edge concerned, the contact surface of the third coupling parts that works in conjunction with the inwardly directed contact surface provided near the free end of the lower lip is provided on one or more local protrusions under the tongue.
Other aspects, embodiments, possible variants and/or resulting advantages, all being preferred and/or optional, are briefly summarized hereinbelow.
Indeed, according to a first aspect, the invention provides for a floor covering consisting of hard panels, whereby these panels are provided, at least on two opposite edges, with coupling means made in one piece with the panels, so that several of such panels can be mutually coupled, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby said coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and whereby the lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, is longer than the lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip, characterized in that the edge which is provided with the tongue, is made flexible.
As the edge onto which the tongue is provided is flexible, deflections arising during the coupling of the panels are absorbed by this edge, and the above-mentioned upper lip is safeguarded against large deflections, as a result of which the material cannot possible split due to the bending of the lower lip.
According to a first possibility, the above-mentioned flexibility is obtained by making at least the tongue flexible. According to a second possibility, which is preferably combined with the first one, and which contributes even more to the required flexibility being W obtained, the tongue is situated on a part which is connected to the actual panel via a flexible zone in the shape of a local constriction.
According to a second aspect, the invention provides for a fIoor covering consisting of hard panels, whereby these panels are provided with coupling means on at least two opposite edges, as a result of which several of such panels can be mutually coupled to one another, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby said coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and whereby the lip situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, is longer than the lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip, characterized in that the coupling means consist at least of first coupling parts, formed of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue and the bottom side of the upper lip respectively; second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces, on the top side .of the lower lip and an opposite part of the other panel respectively; and third coupling parts providing for the horizontal interlocking, which are situated on the -lower lip, yet further than the free end of the upper lip, whereby these third coupling parts are situated between the first and second ones.
As a result, the vertical forces which are created when walking over the floor covering, are divided over. two places, which results in a better distribution of the forces.
According to a third aspect, the invention provides fOr a floor covering consisting of hard panels, whereby these panels are provided with coupling., means on at least two opposite edges, so that several of such panels can be mutually coUpled, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby said coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and whereby the lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, is longer than the lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip, characterized in that the coupling means consist at least of first coupling parts formed of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue and the bottom side (DZ. the upper lip respectively; second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces, on the top side of the lower lip and an opposite part of the other panel respectively; and third coupling parts which provide for the horizontal interlocking situated on the lower lip, yet further than the free end of the upper lip, whereby the second coupling parts are situated between the first and the third ones, and whereby these second coupling parts consist of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another and =
defining a local contact zone situated in the middle or practically in the middle between the tip of the tongue and the third coupling parts.
By making use of such a local contact zone, there remains a space between this zone and the tip of the tongue, on the bottom side of the latter, which makes sure that there is freedom of movement for the tongue when the panels are joined. =
According to a fifth aspect, the invention provides for a floor covering consisting of hard panels, whereby these panels are provided with coupling means on at least two opposite edges made in one piece with the panels, as a result of which several of such panels can be mutually coupled to one another, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction E, perpendicular to the edges concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby said coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove, characterized in that the - lip situated on the top side of the groove, hereafter called the upper lip, is longer than the lip situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip, and in that the above-mentioned coupling means contain coupling parts which provide for the interlocking in the horizontal direction, whereby these coupling parts make it possible for these panels to be mutually disconnected by turning them down with their bottom side and towards one another.
Thanks to the use of coupling Means which make it possible for the panels to be disconnected by turning them downward, and preferably to be exclusively disconnectable by this movement, is obtained that such panels fit particularly = =
ak 02704053 2010-05-17 tight on the coupling means concerned, and are pushed even.
. closer towards one another when being walked on.
According to a sixth aspect, the invention provides for a floor covering consisting of hard panels, whereby these panels are provided with coupling means on at least two opposite-edges made in one piece with the panels, as a result of which several of such panels can be mutually coupled to one another, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction perpendicular .to the edges concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby said coupling means CA 02704053 2010-0.5-17 =
comprise a tongue and a groove, characterized in that the interlocking in the horizontal direction is at least formed of coupling parts in the shape of a local protrusion in the top side of the above-mentioned tongue, which meshes in a recess in the lip which borders the top side of the groove.
- .the above-mentioned coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove, whereby this groove is bordered by a lip on the bottom side, the top side respectively, hereafter called the lower lip and the upper lip respectively, whereby the distal end of the upper lip defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane Vl;
- there is an interlocking part on the part of the lower lip which extends past the free end of the upper lip, with a contact surface which, when coupled, works in conjunction with a contact surface which is provided on the other panel, whereby these contact surfaces form a contact zone when coupled, whose center defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane V2;
-"the bottom side of the part upon which the tongue is provided and which extends from the tip of the tongue to the interlocking zone, defines a horizontal level, hereafter called level N2;
- the levels Ni and N2 define a horizontal level situated right in between, hereafter called level N3;
- the average height of the contact zones between the top side of the tongue and the bottom side of the upper lip define a horizontal level, hereafter called level N4;
- the distance between the planes V1 and V2 is at least half of the distance between the levels N3 and N4;
- that the coupling means are made such that the panels can be assembled by pushing them towards one another;
and - that the above-mentioned space extends to beneath the upper lip, such that this space is in conformity with at least one of the following two characteristics:
a) that the part of this space which is situated under the level N3 extends inwardly to at least past the plane Vi;
b) that the part of this space which is situated under the level Ni extends inwardly to at least past the plane VS.
When all the above-mentioned criteria are met, an embodiment is obtained according to the invention whereby the above-mentioned space is relatively large compared to the other parameters on the one hand, and, thanks to the sr5ecific application of the MDF or HDF material, the structure nevertheless remains sufficiently stable on the other hand. The relatively large space which is formed in the lower lip offers the advantage that the tongue can take place in the groove more easilSr, as well as the advantage that the tongue can be made relatively massive.
According to a particular embodiment, this floor covering is characterized in that the panels are rectangular and in \
that coupling means are formed on both pairs of edges which offer an interlocking in the horizontal and vertical direction, whereby these coupling means are formed as mentioned above on at least one pair of said edges, and whereby on at least two edges standing at right angles to one another, use is made of a groove which is bordered by an upper lip and a lower lip respectively, whereby the lower lip each time protrudes further than the upper lip, such that two such longer lips meet in at least one angle of the panel, whereby at least the above-mentioned space continues up to the end of the panel in said angle, in other words extends through the far end of the lip standing at right angles.
As the above-mentioned space is made continuous, also a large flexibility can be guaranteed in the angle concerned, =
as the interlocking parts of the longitudinally directed lower lip and the transversely directed lower lip are then disconnected by this continuous recess.
- the above-mentioned coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove, whereby this groove is bordered by a lip on the bottom side, the top side respectively, hereafter called the lower lip and the upper lip respectively;
- there is an interlocking part on the part of the lower .5 lip which extends past the free end of the upper lip, with a contact surface which, when coupled, works in conjunction with a contact surface which is provided on the other panel; and - before the above-mentioned interlocking part, in the direction of the groove, is formed a space in the lower lip which is open on the top side;
The floor coverings consisting of hard panels known until now, and which allow for a glueless interlocking, do not = make it possible to temporarily remove panels from the middle of the floor covering after the floor covering has been entirely laid. This is disadvantageous in that it.is difficult to replace damaged panels, as well as impossible to locally remove the floor covering, for example'to work on or in the rough floor, to lay or remove cables under the floor covering, etc. With the known systems, the panels always need to be systematically removed as of an edge of ' the floor covering.
, According to a first preferred embodiment, the coupling means are made such that they make it possible for the two panels, when they are situated in a floor covering, to be lifted with their coupled edges, such that there is a disconnection on at least one of the opposite edges providing for a connection with the adjacent panels.
According to a particularly practical embodiment, the floor covering is characterized in that the coupling means mainly consist of a tongue and a groove, whereby the lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove is longer than the lip on the top side, and the interlocking is obtained mainly in the horizontal direction thanks to an interlocking part on the lip situated on the bottom side of the groove and an interlocking part working in conjunction with it on the bottom side of the other panel, whereby these coupling means make it possible for the panels to be assembled by means of a turning movement and whereby, in the coupled position, spaces are provided above the first-mentioned interlocking part.as well as under the second-mentioned interlocking part which allow for a further turning movement.
The above-described nine aspects of the invention may occur as separate or they can be mutually combined, in any possible combination, provided the embodiments as. described according to the above-mentioned nine aspects do not have any contradictory qualities.
1D In order to better explain the characteristics of the invention, the following preferred embodiments are described as an example only without being limitative in any way, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
figure 3 represents an embodiment of coupling means applied in a floor covering according to the invention, seen from a section which corresponds for example to section in figure 2;
' figure 4 represents a section according to line IV-EV
in figure 2;
- 17 - =
figures 16 and 17 represent the coupling means from figure 15 in two other positions; ' figure 18 represents an angular part of a panel according to the invention;
figure 20 represents a section of another embodiment of a floor covering according to the invention; , figure 21 represents the part indicated by F21 in figure 20 to a larger scale;
figure 22 represents how the panels of the floor covering from figure 20 can be disconnected, connected respectively; .
figure 24 represents a view analogous to. that in .
figure 21 for another variant;
figure 26 represents the part indicated by F26 in figure 25 to'a larger scale.
As represented in figures 1 and 2, the invention concerns a floor covering 1, as well.as'the hard panels 2 of which such a floor covering 1 is made.
As described in international patent application No.
97/47834, it is known that such panels 2 can be connected without any glue being required by making use of coupling means which, when the panels 2 are rectangular, provide for an interlocking in a direction R1, perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering 1, at least on one pair of opposite edges 3-4, and preferably on both pairs of edges 3-4, 5-6 respectively, as well as in a direction R2 perpendicular to the edges 3-4 or 5-6 concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering 1.
Coupling means can be used hereby which allow for different coupling methods, .but preferably a coupling by rotating as well as by pushing the panels together. The latter makes it possible for such panels 2 to be coupled to one another in a known manner by first rotating them into one another on their edges 3-4, as represented by means of the panel 2A
in figure 2 with a movement of rotation Wl, and by subsequently snapping them together on their edges 5-6 by means of a translation Ti. According to a variant, the connection on the edges 3-4 of the panels 2 concerned, can also be realized by starting from a position as is schematically indicated by reference 2B, and by coupling the panel 2 concerned by means of a translation T2.
Also, while a panel 2A is maintained in the rotated position, a following pane1,2C can be coupled to the edges 5 and 6 concerned, either by means of a translation T3, or by means of a mutual rotation between the panels ZA and 2C, after which both panels ZA and 2C are then turned down so as to be locked to the preceding row of panels.
As mentioned in the introduction, the present.invention aims different new embodiments of coupling means to mutually connect such panels 2.
Further, these coupling means 7 have a tongue 8 provided on .the edge 5, and a groove 9 provided on the edge 6, in which the tongue 8 fits. The groove 9 is hereby bordered on the top side by means of a lip 10, hereafter called the upper lip. At the bottom, it is bordered by a lip 11, hereafter called the lower lip, which is longer than the top lip 10, in otherwords, which extends further than the distal end 12 of the lip 10 in the horizontal direction.
The interlocking in the direction R2 is obtained as the lower lip 11 forms an interlocking part 13 with an. inwardly directed contact surface 14 which can co-operate with an opposite contact surface 15 formed on the edge 5 when being..
. According to the invention, the edge 5 which is provided with the tongue 8 is made flexible, whereas the lip 11 is = preferably made rigid, the latter by making it relatively thick, as is clearly visible in figure 3.
The edge 5 is made such that it can bend in several places.
Thus, for example, the tongue 8 is flexible, but even more important is that this tongue 8 is preferably situated on a part 16, as represented, which is connected to the actual panel 2 via a flexible zone 17 in the shape of a local constriction.
This flexible zone 17 is preferably situated on the place as indicated in figure 3, in other words seen as of the tongue 8, past the contact surface 15, and said flexible zone 17 has a thickness D1, according to the direction R1, which is smaller than half the thickness of the panels 2 and/or smaller than 2/3 of the thickness D2 of the part 16 upon which' the tongue 8 is situated.
If the panels 2 are made of fiberboard, of the type MDF or HDF, the thickness D1 is preferably even smaller than 3 mm, an better still smaller than 2 mm.
The flexible zone 17 is situated against the top side 18 of the panel 2 concerned, which is particularly useful when MDF or HDF board is used, as such materials have a larger density on the outer surfaces, and thus the thickness on these places can be maximally reduced so as to obtain an optimal flexibility. =
- As the contact surface 14 is situated relatively high, said contact surface 14 can be provided in a more vertical position, without much deviation from the tangential directions P1 and P2 represented in figure 3. , Thus is obtained a solid interlocking.
- As the flexibility of the connection iS situated in the top side of the panel, this results in the interlocking being pulled even more tightly together when a tensile force is exerted on the panels.
- In the design of figure 3 is created a stress concentration on the top side of the panel 2, right behind the tongue 8, which results in a bending. Asa consequence, the stress concentration is transferred to the strongest place of the board. During the joining, it is practically impossible for forces to be created in the deepest point of a groove 9, so that it is almost excluded that Splits are created at this deepest point.
According to the above-mentioned second aspect of the invention, which in the given example of figure 3 is combined with the above-mentioned first aspect, the coupling means 7 consist at least of first.coupling parts formed of contact surfaces 19-20 working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue 8 and the bottom side of the upper lip 10 respectively; second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces 21-22, on the top side of the lower lip 11 and the opposite part 16 of the other panel 2 respectively; and third coupling parts which provide for the horizontal interlocking situated on the lower lip 11, but further than the free end 12 of the upper lip 10, formed of the above-mentioned contact surfaces 14 and 15. What is special here, is that the third coupling parts are situated between the first and the second ones.
According to the embodiment of figure 3, there is a free space 23 under the tongue 8 which extends as of the tip 24 of the tongue 8 up to the third coupling parts, in other , words the contact surface 14.
The coupling means 7 are mainly designed to be provided on one pair of edges 5-6, whereas coupling means 25 are preferably provided on the other edges 3-4, as represented in figure 4 or figure 5, which are described in international .patent application No. 97/47834 and which make it possible for the panels 2 concerned to be assembled along their top edges, disassembled respectively, at least by means of a movement of rotation. In the case where the panels 2, as represented, are longitudinal, the coupling means 7 will preferably be provided on the short edges 5-6.
Further, the coupling means 7 are preferably made such that the panels 2 with their edges concerned, in this case the edges 5 and 6, can be connected to one another by pushing the panels 2 freely towards one another, as is represented step'by step in figures 6 to 8, and as will be further described into more detail. Moreover, the coupling means 7 are made such that the edges concerned, in this case the 13 edges 5 and 6, can also be connected to one another by means of a movement of rotation, disconnected respectively, as is represented by means of a dot and dash line in figure 3.
The laying of the floor covering 1, with panels 2 containing coupling means 7, can then for example, yet not . necessarily, be carried out as follows. In a.situation as represented in figure 2, the panel 2A is first connected with its edge 3 to an edge 4 of already laid panels by presenting the panel ZA at an angle and by rotating the above-mentioned edges 3-4 into one another, so that a connection such as for example in figure 4, or, as an alternative, figure 5, is created.
Then, the panel 2A can be connected to the preceding panel = with a translation Ti, whereby the situations as represented in figures 6 to 8 are successively witnessed on the coupling means 7. It is clear that this is accompanied by .a bending in the tongue 8, and to a larger extent also in the flexible zone 17, whereby the part 16 with the contact surface 15 finally snaps down behind the contact surface 14.
Figures 10 to 13 represent an embodiment for different positions with coupling means 31 which are in conformity with the above-mentioned fourth aspect of the invention.
The upper lip 10 is hereby longer than the lower lip 11, and the coupling means 25 which realize the interlocking in the horizontal direction consist of coupling parts formed of contact surfaces 32-33 working in conjunction with one another, which are provided on the bottom side of the upper lip 10, outside thedistal end of the lower lip 11, and on the opposite part of the edge of the other panel 2 respectively.
The coupling means 31 are hereby made such that the connection can be realized by pushing the panels 2 towards one another with the edges 5-6 concerned, for example over a base, whereby they systematically fit into one another, , as represented in figures 10 to 12.
The embodiment of figures 10 to 13 also corresponds to the sixth aspect of the invention, characterized in that the interlocking in the horizontal direction is formed of 'coupling parts in the shape of a local protrusion 39 in the top side 40 of the above-mentioned tongue 8, which meshes in a recess 41 in the upper lip 10.
Figure 14 represents a variant which alsd applies the above-mentioned characteristics of the sixth aspect of the invention.
Figure 15 represents a connection with coupling means 43 realized according to the above-mentioned seventh aspect of the invention. It concerns a connection whereby: =
- the coupling means 43 comprise a tongue 8 and a groove 9, whereby this groove 9 is bordered on the bottom side, the top side respectively, by a lip, hereafter called the lower lip 11 and the upper lip 10 respectively, whereby the distal end 12 of the upper lip 10 defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane VI;
- the lower lip 11 is longer than the upper lip 10;
- there is an interlocking part 13 on the part of the lower lip 11 which extends past the free end 12 of the upper lip 10, with a contact surface 14 which, when =
coupled, works in conjunction with a contact surface 15 which is provided on the other panel 2, whereby these contact surfaces 14-15 form a contact zone when coupled, whose center M1 defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane V2;
- before the above-mentioned interlocking part 13, in the direction of the groove 9, is formed an open space 44 in the lower lip 11 which is open on the top side;' - in the coupled situation, there is. a contact zone in the cross section in which the top side of the tongue 8 makes contact with the bottom side of the upper lip 10, whereby the point 03 of this contact zone which is situated most inwardly defines a first vertical plane, hereafter called plane V3, the most outwardly situated point 04 of this contact zone defines a second vertical plane, hereafter called plane V4, and both planes V3 and V4 define a vertical plane situated right in between, . hereafter called plane V5;
- the top side of the interlocking part 13 defines a horizontal level, hereafter called level Ni;
- the bottom side of the part 16 upon which the tongue 8 is provided and which extends from the tip 24 of the tongue 8 to the interlocking zone, defines a horizontal level, hereafter called level N2;
- the average height of the contact zone between the top side of the tongue 8 and the bottom side of the upper lip 10 define a horizontal level, hereafter called level N4;
, - the distance between the planes V1 and V2 is at least half of the distance between the levels N3 and N4.
- that the panels 2, and basically also the above-mentioned lips 10-11, are made of fiberboard of the type MDF or HDF;
- that the. coupling means 43 are made such that the panels 2 can be assembled by 'pushing them towards one another;
and - that the above-mentioned space 44 extends to beneath the upper lip 10, such that this space 44 is in conformity with at least one of the folloWing two characteristics:
a) that the part of this space 44 which is situated under the level N3 extends inwardly to at least past the plane Vi;
b) that the part of this space 44 which is situated under the level Ni extends inwardly to at least past the plane V5.
Thanks to this specific combination is obtained a space 44 which acts as an excavation in relation to the other dimensions extending over a relatively large distance in the direction R2, as a result of which the advantages mentioned in the introduction are obtained. In spite of the relatively large excavation and, consequently, the fact that the lower lip 11 is relatively thin, the rigidity remains nevertheless sufficient thanks to the use of MDF or .30 HDF as a base material, which has a layered fibrous structure.
The distance between the levels Ni and N2 is preferably smaller than 1/3 of the distance between the levels N2 and N4. Thus, the obstruction formed by the interlocking part 13 while the panels are being pushed together, is restricted to a minimum, as a result of which the panels 2 can smoothly slide into one another.
Further, the intersection P4 between the plane V4 and the bottom side of the tongue 8 is situated beneath level Ni, seen from a cross section, and better still beneath level N3. The tongue 8 thus obtains a relatively large thickness, which improves its rigidity. Further, it is even more indicated for the section P5 between the plane V5 * 15 and the bottom side of the tongue 8 to be situated beneath =
level Ni, and better still beneath level N3.
In particular, the section P3 between the plane V3 and the bottom side of the tongue 8 will be situated beneath level Ni, and better still beneath level N3.
In the case where the panels 2 are rectangular and coupling = means are formed on both pairs of edges 3-4 and 5-6 which provide for a vertical and a horizontal interlocking, whereby both edges 4 and 6 have a lower lip 11, 11A
respectively, which is longer than the upper lip 11, at least the above-mentioned space 44 is preferably made continuous up to the end of the panel 2, as represented in figure 18, in the angle 45, in other words it extends through the far end of the square lip 10A, in particular the interlocking part 13A thereof. As the space 44 is relatively large on the one hand, and this space 44 extends through the interlocking part 13A on the other hand, and the interlocking parts 13 and 13A are disconnected from one another, a particularly flexible angle is obtained, which makes it easier to assemble the panels.
It should be noted that in.all the above-mentioned embodiments, the contact surfaces prbviding for the horizontal interlocking are preferably directed slantingly . in relation to the plane of the floor covering 1. This does not exclude, however, that according to a variant, one or both contact surfaces can also be directed perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering. The contact surfaces can also be bent as such, whereby the tangent line in the middle of the contact zone determines the above-mentioned gradient.
In the case where these contact surfaces, or their tangent line, are directed slantingly, they preferably extend in a direction which is tangential or almost tangential to a . -31-circle, whose center is situated on a point of rotation around which the panels 2 can be turned apart. As indicated in figure 3, this means that the gradient or direction Bl of the contact surfaces deviates only little from the gradient of the tangent 82 onto the circle C.
In order to provide for a snap-in effect, the direction Bl pertaining to the contact surfaces preferably does deviate from the direction of the above-mentioned tangent 62 and is directed inwardly, such that a snap-in effect is created when the panels are rotated into one another, whereby the above-mentioned direction El deviates 300 at the most from the above-mentioned tangential direction 62.
What precedes can be applied in all the rotatable embodiments described above, also in the embodiments whereby the panels 2 are rotated apart by turning them down. , =
The coupling means which are realized according to one or several of the first eight aspects of the invention are all particularly suitable to be provided on edges 3-4 and/or 5-6, whereby it must be possible to assemble.the panels 2 by shifting them.
In the case where the panels 2 are rectangular, in other words square or longitudinal, they are preferably provided with coupling parts on all four edges 3-4 and 5-6 which allow for a vertical and a horizontal interlocking, whereby coupling means as described in one or several of the above-.
mentioned first eight aspects are then provided on at least two opposite edges 3-4 or 5-6.
In the case where the panels 2 are rectangular, the new coupling means are preferably provided at least on the short edges 5-6. Further, coupling means are then preferably provided on the long edges 3L4 which allow for an assembly, disassembly respectively by means of a movement of rotation, which can be of a known nature or which can also be made according to any of the above-mentioned eight aspects.
Figures 20 to 23 show an embodiment according to the ninth aspect of the invention. According to this ninth aspect, it concerns a floor covering 1, consisting of hard panels 2, whereby these panels 2 are provided on at least two opposite edges, in the case of elongated panels 2 preferably on the longitudinal edges 3-4, with coupling means 7 made in one piece with the panels 2, so that several of such panels 2 can be mutually connected to one another, whereby these coupling means 7 provide for an interlocking in a direction R1, perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering 1, as Well as in a direction R2 perpendicular to the edges 3-4 concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering 1, whereby the above-mentioned coupling means 7 are made such that two connected panels 2 can be turned towards one another with their bottom side, starting from a flat position, over at least a certain angle on .the one hand, whereby this turning movement makes it possible for the two above-mentioned =
panels 2 to be removed from between other adjacent panels 2D and 2E on the other hand.
Figures 20 to 26 represent variants whereby the coupling means 7 are made such that they make it possible for the two panels 2 to be lifted, from a flat position, with their -coupled edges 3-4, such that the connection, in particular the vertical connection on the edges 3-4 concerned is undone. In this case, it is not necessary to disconnect the panels 2D and/or 2E first in order to disconnect the .two panels 2.
, Both in the embodiment of figures 20 to 23 and in the one of figures 24 to 26, the coupling means 7 mainly consist of a tongue 8 and a groove 9, whereby the lip 11 which is situated on the bottom side of the groove 9 is longer than the lip 10 on the top side, and the interlocking is mainly obtained in the horizontal direction by means of an interlocking part 13 on the lip 11 and an interlocking part 47 on the bottom side of the other panel 2 working in conjunction with it, whereby these coupling means 7 make it possible for the panels 2 to be assembled by means of a turning movement, and whereby, in the coupled position, there are spaces 48-49 above the first-mentioned interlocking part 13, as well as under the second-mentioned interlocking part 47, which allow for a further turning.
In the embodiment of figures 24 to 26, this lateral play S, as well as the design of the tongue 8 and the groove 9, are selected such that the right panel 2, in the situation of figure 26, comes loose so to say and can simply be removed . from the left panel 2.
In particular, the distance Z1 between the tip of the tongue 8 and the interlocking part 47 situated on the same edge is smaller than or equal to the distance Z2 between CD, 02704053 2010-05-17 the tip. of the lip 10 bordering the top side of the groove 9 and the interlocking part 13 situated on the lip 11 bordering the bottom side of the groove 9.
It should be noted that in the embodiments of figures 20 to 26, the tongue 8 is preferably made such that it can make a movement of rotation in the groove 9, as said tongue 8 is more or less round, as represented. in figures 20 to 23, or because it is relatively short, as represented in figures 24 to 26.
As represented, coupling means are preferably provided both on the short edges and on the longitudinal edges which allow for an interlocking both in the vertical and in the horizontal direction, whereby they can all be made such, -that they allow for a connection and disconnection as described above by means of figures 20 to 26. It is also possible to apply the coupling means represented in these figures only on the longitudinal edges, whereas coupling means with another shape are applied on the short sides, for example as represented in figure 4.
1. A floor covering consisting of hard panels (2), wherein these panels (2) are provided, at least on two opposite edges (3-4, 5-6), with coupling means (7), so that several of such panels (2) can be mutually coupled; wherein these coupling means (7) provide for an interlocking in a direction (R1) perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering (1), as well as in a direction (R2) perpendicular to the edges (3-4, 5-6) concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering (1); wherein the above-mentioned coupling means (7) comprise a tongue (8) and a groove (9) and whereby a lip (11) which is situated on the bottom side of the groove (9), hereafter called the lower lip (11), is longer than a lip (10) on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip (10); wherein the coupling means (7) consist at least of first coupling parts, formed of contact surfaces (19-20) working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue (8) and the bottom side of the upper lip (10) respectively, second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces (21-22), on the top side of the lower lip (11) and an opposite part of the other panel (2) respectively, and third coupling parts providing for the horizontal interlocking, which are situated on the lower lip (11), yet further than the free end (12) of the upper lip (10), wherein these third coupling parts are situated between said first and second ones; wherein the third coupling parts consist of an inwardly directed contact surface (14) provided near the free end of the lower lip (11), on this lip (11), and a contact surface (15) working in conjunction with it which is formed on the other panel (2); wherein the second coupling parts consist of a contact surface (21) formed on the top side of the free end of the lower lip (11), as well as a contact surface (22) working in conjunction with it on the bottom side of the other panel (2), characterized in that a free space (23) is provided under the tongue (8) extending as of the tip (24) of the tongue (8) up to the third coupling parts (14-15).
2. A floor covering consisting of hard panels (2), wherein these panels (2) are provided with coupling means on at least two opposite edges (3-4, 5-6), so that several of such panels can be mutually coupled; wherein these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering (1), as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering; wherein said coupling means comprise a tongue and a groove and wherein a lip which is situated on the bottom side of the groove, hereafter called the lower lip (11), is longer than a lip on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip (10); wherein the coupling means consist at least of first coupling parts formed of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue (8) and the bottom side of the upper lip (10) respectively, second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces, on the top side of the lower lip (11) and an opposite part of the other panel respectively and third coupling parts which provide for the horizontal interlocking situated on the lower lip, yet further than the free end of the upper lip; wherein the second coupling parts are situated between the first and the third ones; and wherein these second coupling parts consist of contact surfaces working in conjunction with one another and defining a local contact zone situated in the middle or practically in the middle between the tip (24) of the tongue (8) and the third coupling parts, characterized in that said local contact zone is substantially located beyond the upper lip (10); that said second coupling parts mainly provide a vertical support only; and that the third coupling parts comprise an interlocking part (13) at the lower lip with an inwardly inclined locking surface (14), wherein in the coupled condition of two of such panels a space remains present above the upper side of said interlocking part (13).
3. Floor covering according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower lip (11) has a protuberance (30) on the contact zone (29).
4. A floor covering consisting of hard panels (2), whereby these panels (2) are provided with coupling means on at least two opposite edges made in one piece with the panels (2), as a result of which several of such panels (2) can be mutually coupled to one another, whereby these coupling means provide for an interlocking in a direction (R1) perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering, as well as in a direction (R2) perpendicular to the edges concerned, and parallel to the plane of the floor covering, whereby:
- there is an interlocking part (13) on a part of the lower lip (11) which extends past the free end of the upper lip (10), with a contact surface which, when coupled, works in conjunction with a contact surface which is provided on the other panel, whereby these contact surfaces form a contact zone when coupled, whose center defines a vertical plane, hereafter called plane V2;
- the bottom side of a part (16) upon which the tongue (8) is provided and which extends from the tip (24) of the tongue (8) to the interlocking zone, defines a horizontal level, hereafter called level N2;
- that the coupling means (43) are made such that the panels (2) can be assembled by pushing them towards one another; and - that the above-mentioned space (14) extends to beneath the upper lip (10), such that this space (44) is in conformity with at least one feature selected from the following two:
5. Floor covering according to claim 4, characterized in that the distance between the levels N1 and N2 is smaller than 1/3 of the distance between the levels N2 and N4.
6. Floor covering according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the intersection (P4) between the plane V4 and the bottom side of the tongue (8) is situated beneath level N1, and better still beneath level N3.
7. Floor covering according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that a section (P5) between the plane V5 and the bottom side of the tongue (8) is situated beneath level N1, and better still beneath level N3.
8. Floor covering according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that a section (P3) between the plane V3 and the bottom side of the tongue (8) is situated beneath level N1, and better still beneath level N3.
9. Floor covering according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the part of the above-mentioned space (44) situated under the plane N3 extends at least inwardly up to a vertical plane (V6) which is determined by the tip (24) of the tongue (8).
10. Floor covering according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the panels (2) are rectangular and in that coupling means are formed on both pairs of edges (3-4, 5-6) which allow for an interlocking both in the horizontal and vertical direction, whereby said coupling means (43) are formed as described above on at least one pair of these edges (3-4, 5-6), and whereby, at least on two edges (4, 6) standing at right angles, use is made of a groove (9) which is bordered by an upper lip (10, 10A) and a lower lip (11, 11A) respectively, whereby the lower lip (11, 11A) each time extends further than the upper lip (10, 10A), such that two of such longer lips meet in at least one angle (45) of the panel (2), whereby at least the above-mentioned space (44) continues up to the end of the panel (2) in said angle (45), in other words extends through the far end of the lip (11A) standing at right angles.
11. A floor covering consisting of hard panels (2), wherein these panels (2) are provided, at least on two opposite edges (3-4, 5-6), with coupling means (7), so that several of such panels (2) can be mutually coupled; wherein these coupling means (7) provide for an interlocking in a direction (R1) perpendicular to the plane of the floor covering (1), as well as in a direction (R2) perpendicular to the edges (3-4, 5-6) concerned and parallel to the plane of the floor covering (1); wherein the above-mentioned coupling means (7) comprise a tongue (8) and a groove (9) and whereby a lip (11) which is situated on the bottom side of the groove (9), hereafter called the lower lip (11), is longer than a lip (10) on the top side, hereafter called the upper lip (10); wherein the coupling means (7) consist at least of first coupling parts, formed of contact surfaces (19-20) working in conjunction with one another, on the top side of the tongue (8) and the bottom side of the upper lip (10) respectively, second coupling parts formed of contact surfaces (21-22), on the top side of the lower lip (11) and an opposite part of the other panel (2) respectively, and third coupling parts providing for the horizontal interlocking, which are situated on the lower lip (11), yet further than the free end (12) of the upper lip (10), wherein these third coupling parts are situated between said first and second ones; wherein the third coupling parts consist of an inwardly directed contact surface (14) provided near the free end of the lower lip (11), on this lip (11), and a contact surface (15) working in conjunction with it which is formed on the other panel (2); wherein the second coupling parts consist of a contact surface (21) formed on the top side of the free end of the lower lip (11), as well as a contact surface (22) working in conjunction with it on the bottom side of the other panel (2), characterized in that a free space (23) is provided under the tongue (8) extending as of the tip (24) of the tongue (8) up to the third coupling parts (14-15), and in that panels are excluded in which, viewed over the complete length of the edge concerned, the contact surface (15) of the third coupling parts that works in conjunction with the inwardly directed contact surface (14) provided near the free end of the lower lip (11) is provided on one or more local protrusions under the tongue (8).
12. Floor covering according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the coupling means are made such that the panels (2) can be assembled by means of a mainly horizontal movement.
13. Floor covering according to claim 12, characterized in that the tongue (8) and the groove (9) are made such that when two such panels (2) are freely pushed towards one another, over a base or such, the tongue (8) automatically ends up in the groove (9).
14. Floor covering according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the panels (2) are rectangular and in that they are provided with coupling means on four edges which allow for a vertical and a horizontal interlocking, whereby at least two opposite edges are provided with coupling means, as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. Floor covering according to claim 14, characterized in that the panels (2) are longitudinal, and in that the coupling means described in any one of claims 1 to 13, are provided at least on the short sides.
16. Floor covering according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the above-mentioned coupling means, described in any one of claims 1 to 13, are made such that they can be turned in and/or out of one another by means of a movement of rotation.
17. Floor covering according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the coupling means (7, 25, 26, 31, 43) comprise coupling parts which provide for the interlocking in the horizontal direction (R2), by means of contact surfaces (14-15) which work in conjunction with one another, wherein these contact surfaces (14-15) extend in a direction (B1) which is tangential or almost tangential to a circle (C), whose center is situated on a point of rotation around which the panels (2) can be turned apart.
18. Floor covering according to claim 17, characterized in that the contact surfaces (14-15) deviate slightly from the above-mentioned tangential direction (B2) and are directed inwardly, such that a snap-in effect is created when the panels are rotated into one another, whereby the above-mentioned direction (B1) of the contact surfaces (14-15) deviates 30° at the most from the above-mentioned tangential direction (B2).
CA2704053A 2000-06-20 2001-06-20 Floor covering Active CA2704053C (en)
CA2704053A1 CA2704053A1 (en) 2001-12-27
CA2704053C true CA2704053C (en) 2013-08-13
CA2843968A Active CA2843968C (en) 2000-06-20 2001-06-20 Floor covering
CA002412641A Active CA2412641C (en) 2000-06-20 2001-06-20 Floor covering
CA2815571A Active CA2815571C (en) 2000-06-20 2001-06-20 Floor covering
CA2704053A Active CA2704053C (en) 2000-06-20 2001-06-20 Floor covering
CA2522321C (en) 2006-08-08 Floor panels with edge connectors