Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/244/2447925.html
Timestamp: 2019-02-18 11:26:29
Document Index: 461956506

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 8']

B01D50 - Combinations of devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
B01D45/12 - by centrifugal forces (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C)
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to drop separator and its swirling appliances intended for high rate gas flow. Drop separator 10 comprises flow channel 5 to direct gas flow saturated with drops along main flow 6, and precipitating element 8 arranged around said channel 5 and having inner lateral surface 12. The latter features diameter of flow channel 5 and includes several grate structures 9. Said flow channel 5 accommodates swirling appliances 1 with deflector 2 to swirl aforesaid gas while drops are forced by centrifugal force toward precipitating element 8. Deflector 2 deflects, at least a portion of aforesaid gas from direction of main flow toward orifices 15, 19.
The invention relates to a droplet separator and videobrasil hardware for droplet separator, in particular for fast-flowing gas stream. It refers also to the droplet separator with videobrasil hardware parts.
From EP-A-0048508 known droplet separator containing videobrasil hardware for flowing gas stream or multiple modules with such hardware each. Modules or part modules are operated in parallel. They are separated by walls from the adjacent modules. Within each wall module is located inner side surface with videobrasil hardware. The inner side surface has a horizontal input surface. Downstream followed by baffles that create flowing along the inner side surface of the gas flow, the rotation of the flow around the Central axis. The Central axis is directed vertically. From the rotating flow of the fluid carried in the form of droplets in a gas flow is separated due to the inertial forces of the centrifugal action on the inner surface of the inner side surface. On the inner side surface of the slot through which the separated liquid is transported to the collection between a wall of the module and the inner lateral surface, and thence through the drain pipes further down. Bo is most of the gas flows in the main flow through the inner lateral surface, while a small part in the form of an auxiliary stream with the separated liquid is included in the collection, and after separation from the liquid again unites with the main stream. The deflectors are made up of individual steel plates in a relatively complex and therefore expensive welded construction.
From WO 2004/073836 known another droplet separator made of modules similar to modules of the droplet separator from EP-A-0048508. The droplet separator consists of a pipe section, at the entrance of which there are baffles that create eddy currents. Through deflectors incoming gas stream is in heavy rotation, and a drop of liquid due to centrifugal force are discarded to the outside, i.e. in the direction of the wall of the pipe segment, and are separated there in the form of a liquid film. The main part of the flow in the pipe extends above through the output section, having compared with the input section of smaller diameter. The liquid on the wall of the pipe segment goes together with a part of the gas flow through the slits made in the side surface of the pipe segment, located around the pipe piece annular channel and is collected by gravity on the plate of the column, from which it is discharged through the drain pipes. Free in most largely from the liquid portion of the gas flow is again combined through small holes in the lid with the main gas stream. Set the b section of these holes determines the number of gas part stream.
The objective of the invention is to provide a droplet separator, through which was achieved superior Department, in particular, of small droplets.
The droplet separator contains a flow channel, through which is routed drops of saturated gas, and which in the direction of the main current is flown these drops of saturated gas, and collecting element located essentially koltseobrazno around the flow passage and having an inner lateral surface, which is essentially the diameter of the flow channel and openings for input saturated drops of gas in the collecting element, and a precipitation element is at least part of the length of the flow channel and contains several lattice structures. Variablesa hardware located inside forming a flow channel member and has a vent through which drops of saturated gas is rotationally driven, and drops due to centrifugal force are deflected in the direction of the collecting element. Through the deflector, at least one part of the saturated gas drops deviates from the direction of the main flow in the direction of the holes. Due to the rotational motion creates, thus, the component of velocity in the radial and tangential directions to the direction of the main flow, consequently the those what is the rejection of some drops of saturated gas.
Precipitation element is flown drops of saturated gas from the inner side surface direction of the outer wall in the direction of flow, which forms with the direction of the main flow angle greater than 0° and less than 180°.
Precipitation element contains sections and/or composed of multiple, adjacent in the direction of the main flow modules precipitation elements, and at least one part of the rejected gas introduced through lying next to videobrasil hardware section and/or the module collecting element, and another part of the rejected gas is routed through a remote from videobrasil hardware section and/or the precipitation module element.
Lattice structures are koltseobrazno between the inner side surface and the outer wall essentially parallel to the inner side surface and/or outer wall.
In another example, the lattice structure is located between the inner side surface and the outer wall at an angle to the inner side surface and/or outer wall, and the angle is preferably 30-70°, in particular 45 to 60°. The inner side surface and/or outer wall may also include a lattice structure. Each related to one collecting element lattice structures holding the scarfing bottom plate, located essentially perpendicular to the direction of the main flow. Neighboring precipitation elements are separated bottom plates. Through such bottom plates, the liquid can be discharged from each collecting element separately, which eliminates the possibility of re-entrainment gas stream already in the process of separating liquid. Each of the bottom plates may contain oversized tools. On the one hand, the very bottom of the slab can be made in digest form, so that the bottom plate had the function of modular tools, and, on the other hand, teams money can be made in the form of flowing into the drain pipe conveying fluid structures, such as channels, resulting in the accumulation of all the precipitation elements, the liquid is introduced through assorted means, at least one drain pipe and is discharged at a port on one end of the drain pipe to the outlet nozzle.
In the gas flow upstream before videobrasil hardware parts can be located, at least one Mat for coalescence of droplets, in which tiny droplets deposited on wettable surfaces and at the expense created by the flow of gas cutting efforts in the larger form again released into the gas stream.
Deflectors videobrasil hardware are the inside of the pipe segment upstream relative to the inner side surface around oriented in the direction of the main flow Central axis, the baffles form an input surface, and downstream with respect to the input surface for rejected by the vent gas stream is provided by the annular output surface.
All the deflectors form with an input surface inclination angle, constituting more than 20° and less than 70°, preferably 45-65°. The angle varies along the edge of the pipe segment to the Central axis.
Variablesa hardware is located in the droplet separator for flowing gas stream. The droplet separator has an inner side surface around oriented in the direction of the main flow of the Central axis. Upstream relative to the droplet separator inner side surface is made in the form of a tube segment. Deflectors videobrasil hardware placed on the inner wall of the pipe segment located around oriented in the direction of the main flow of the Central axis, and the baffles form an input surface, and downstream with respect to the input surface for rejected by the vent gas stream is provided by the annular output surface.
On the Central axis may be positioned deflecting body, so that the annular output surface is located around the Central axis of the deflecting body and GNC is Rennie wall inner side surface.
The deflectors are arranged around a Central axis, preferably between the inner and outer circumferences, and the output surface is less than the annular surface between the two circles, so that the gas flow due to the combined effect of the deflecting body and deflectors create rotational flow around a Central axis. Each of the deflectors is bent from one plane down the flow around the two centres swirl.
On the outer circumference of one half of the centers torsion is located on the ground right polygon, and the other half of the centers torsion located on the inner circumference on the second right polygon. The baffles are made from a flat sheet through a slit-like slots. Narrow slits are made, for example, laser cutting, wire EDM machining or punching. Each of the centers torsion has a three-dimensional environment, separating the narrow slits of adjacent deflectors.
The outer diameter circumference has a value ranging from 50 to 300 mm, preferably 150-250 mm
Deflecting body is made cone-shaped or plate, and formed deflector body output surface, at least 20%, preferably 30-40% less input surface.
The number of baffles is greater than 3 and less than 13, preferably is 6, Eli 10.
All the deflectors form with an input surface angle that is greater than 20° and less than 70°, is preferably 45-65°.
According to another example, each baffle is made curved or has at least two flat surfaces, which are inclined to each other. This form allows you to have a more favorable impact on the movement of the gas flow than the flat baffles, in particular, on the relationship between tightening and the pressure drop between said inlet and outlet openings.
Deflecting body is preferably made conical and has a cone angle that is appropriate to the upper edges of the baffles formed by the radial lines of the slit of the slit, so that the Central, surrounded output surface area occurs in the contact line between the deflector body and edges.
The separators of this type are used, in particular, separation columns, which are separated by a liquid-gas mixture, or absorption columns, where there is contact between the liquid phase and the gas, the result of which can be mass exchange.
Otherwise than videobrasil hardware according to EP-A-0048508, deflectors made short; in the top view of the deflectors do not overlap. Before it was assumed that the short baffles cannot POPs is the substance of the course, providing effective separation. Contrary to this assumption was that even short deflectors create the desired effect, if the flow paths downstream relative to videobrasil hardware is a local decrease in the gas velocity, which occurs due to the increase streamlined gas section with respect to the input current. So successfully can be applied to one of the relatively simple structures of precipitation element according to the invention.
Below the invention is explained by using the drawings, which depict:
- figure 1: droplet separator with videobrasil hardware;
- figure 2: droplet separator with videobrasil hardware in the second exemplary embodiment;
- figure 3: detail of the collecting element in one depicted in figure 2 examples of implementation;
- figure 4: droplet separator in another example implementation;
- figure 5: a guide for the structure with baffles and a cone-shaped deflector body, forming videobrasil hardware;
- 6: pre-treated sheet item from lying in the same plane deflectors, which the next operation is deformed in the guide for the structure for videobrasil hardware;
- 7: partially deformed the sheet-metal part of Fig.6;
- Fig the same sheet detail with cone-shaped deflector body and are marked by arrows the flow of gas;
- figure 9: a guide for the structure in another exemplary embodiment, front view;
- figure 10: a guide for the structure of figure 9;
- 11: the ratio of the gas velocity and the average speed of gas depending on the height of the droplet separator;
- Fig: the ratio of the saturation liquid and the average saturation of the liquid depending on the height of the droplet separator;
- Fig: coefficient the pressure loss depending on the installation angle of the deflectors.
Figure 1 shows the droplet separator 10 flow channel 5 through which the direction 6 of the main flow is skipped drops of saturated gas. As shown below, the direction of flow of the gas molecules and the flowing fluid may be substantially different from the specified direction 6 of the main current. Specified direction 6 of the main flow is the pattern for various explanations found in the droplet separator characteristics of gas flow. The term "gas flow" includes also the course taken by the gas liquid droplets that at high gas velocities are not separated from the gas by the action of gravity as the force of gravity on the droplets compared to the forces acting due to the motion of the gas in the direction of the main flow on the liquid droplets, is not enough to ensure movement of the falling drops against napravleniya main current, the result would have been the separation of the drops. Via a flow channel 5 runs this rich drops of gas, and provided variablesa hardware part 1, whereby drops of saturated gas is deflected in the direction of the collecting element 8. Variablesa hardware part 1 causes the current to change direction, resulting in the speed of the particles in the gas and liquid receives the radial component. Due to this radial component of the gas flow is deflected in the direction of the inner side surface. The gas flow 59 then goes from precipitation element essentially in the radial direction. It is due to the additional radial component acting on the drops of force, part of the liquid droplets can fall on the inner side surface and separated. Precipitation element 8 is essentially koltseobrazno around the flow channel 5 and the inner side surface having essentially the diameter of the flow channel 5, has openings 15, 19 to enter the saturated gas drops in precipitation element. Precipitation element 8 passes, at least part of the length of the flow channel 5. In figure 1, for example, one above the other are four of precipitation element 8. Precipitation element 8 contains several lattice structures 9. These resets the discovered patterns can be formed, for example, a wire mesh. Alternatively, this can be used Jersey or fabric. Alternatively, this lattice structure 9 is made of randomly located with respect to each other of the elements as they occur, for example, in the felt structure. Such gas-permeable structure can be combined with the structures of cylindrical lattice elements, so that, on the one hand, the observed distance between adjacent cylindrical bodies 46 and, on the other hand, in the space between the cylindrical structures can occur coalescence of droplets which then fall on the cylindrical structure and are rejected there along them in the direction of the collector 16. When the gas stream flows through the lattice structure 9, the liquid droplets are deposited on the surface and coalesce into droplets of sufficient magnitude flowing along the grating structure 9 in the direction made in the form of a collection of 16 of the bottom of the precipitation element 8. For the location of lattice structures 9 in a precipitation element 8 has proved a number of options. 1 shows, for example, alternating cylindrical structure 46 and wavy patterns 47. At the bottom of the sedimentation element cylindrical structure located in the direction 6 of the main flow, i.e. in the vertical voltage is the making. Between every two cylindrical, i.e. made of cylindrical elements, structures 46 is wavy structure 47. Under the structure, called below a wavy structure, it should be understood cylindrical element, the surface of which is in expanded form is not flat and wavy, zig-zag or with other protuberances or depressions. In cross section the lower precipitation element wavy structure 47 is visible in the cut, i.e. adjacent the crests of the waves one and the same wavy patterns are essentially on top of each other. Wave wavy patterns are then at an angle to the horizontal direction, in particular in the direction of the main flow, i.e. in figure 1 in the vertical direction. The horizontal location of the waves was, on the contrary, disadvantageous, because in this case, the liquid can flow along the line of contact between the wavy 47 46 and cylindrical structures. This accumulation of fluid is keen, however, then the gas flow, so that in this case separated by less liquid, as already separated liquid is entrapped gas stream.
For this reason, it is preferable if the wavy patterns 47 are located with the formation of the slope, so cholesterola on lattice structures of the liquid can drain out. In the upstream sagital the th element of the lattice structure is interleaved with the cylinder 46 and wavy 47 structures, in which adjacent crests of the waves are next to each other. Due to this, the line of contact between wavy 47 46 and cylindrical structures are essentially in the vertical direction. Alternatively, these two orientations wavy structures partially possible angular orientation of wavy structures, if there is a runoff cholesterola fluid. Additionally, due to the alternating wavy and cylindrical structures is achieved that the cylindrical structure are located at a distance from each other. Thus, in a precipitation element creates a zone free from any structures. If the free part of the volume is reduced, with an equal proportion of liquid in the gas may leak less gas, but at the same time can be separated more small drops.
The main advantage of using cylindrical structures 46 that the fluid not only cholesterol on lattice elements, but can flow in the direction of the collection. Other advantages of the cylindrical lattice elements are relatively simple fabrication and stability. Wavy patterns 47 function as spacers for cylindrical structures. Another advantage is the increased stability of the form of precipitation element due to the gain cylindrical structures, t is it that some of the precipitation elements have the same or different designs, as shown in figure 1, can be stacked one above the other in the form of a module. The height of the stack of precipitation elements depends on how much gas is directed through the droplet separator 10 and what is the distribution of the size of the droplets in the gas at the entrance to the droplet separator 10. With a very wide distribution very different from each other quantities drops will require greater structural height or a stack of several located one above the other connected elements 8. In this case, large droplets are entrained, essentially, through the precipitation element 8 that is located closest to videobrasil hardware part 1, whereas small light drops together with a gas stream pass through a longer path, so they will be stored in a remote precipitation elements 8. For this precipitation elements 8 can also be combined with lattice structures 9 different types. Lattice patterns differ, for example, the size of the through holes, so that by analogy with the sieve or filter structure in a single droplet separator can be combined patterns of different permeability. This may apply, for example, fabrics of different fineness. Despite these measures, the droplet separator cannot be avoided that the gas flowing through the flow channel 5, essentially in the direction 6 of the main flow, the removal is carried out, mainly, through located on the top of the precipitation elements 8. This is discussed further in the description of 11 and 12. So variablesa hardware part 1 is located upstream relative to the precipitation of the element or elements. Through videobrasil hardware part 1 creates a profile of the flow over the entire height of the stack of precipitation elements 8, markedly different from the profile of the flow without such videobrasil hardware part 1, because by pronounced rotational motion of a large part of the gas flow is introduced into the precipitation element or elements located close to the input section for the gas, i.e. in the drawing located at the bottom of the precipitation elements, as shown below figure 11 and 12. The term "at the bottom"is used to describe devices that should be used to describe the spatial position of the precipitation elements. This term should not, however, be understood that the device, in which the Central axis does not have a mainly vertical direction, should be in any way excluded. In particular, this is located at the bottom of the settling element or elements is introduced a gas stream containing more big drops of the spectrum, while small drops of the spectrum are brought more in most remote from variables the soup hardware precipitation element or in the most remote part of the collecting element, if there is only one collecting element.
Variablesa hardware part 1 is located inside of the flow channel 5 and contains the deflector 2, which at least one part of the gas deviates from the direction 6 of the main flow in the direction of the openings 15, 19. The deflectors 2 videobrasil hardware part 1 are located inside segment 36 of the pipe upstream relative to the inner side surface 12 around the Central axis 26, oriented in the direction 6 of the main current. The deflectors 2 form the input surface 13, and parallel to the input surface 13 and downstream rejected water deflector 2 gas provided by the annular output surface 14. In the example in figure 1 deflector 2 is fixed directly on the rod 88, which is located along the Central axis 26. The input surface 13 formed by the edges 71 of the deflector 2. The input surface 13 may be a conical surface, the apex of the cone falls on the Central axis 26. The output surface 14 formed by the edges 82 of the deflector 2. The deflector 2 is formed with a plane oriented perpendicular to the direction 6 of the main flow, the angle of 83 slope greater than 20° and less than 70°, is preferably 45-65°. The angle may vary along the edge 81 of the segment 36 of the pipe to the Central axis 26, e is whether the deflectors 2 have a curvature. This curvature may be preferable, if the deviation of the flow at different locations within the segment 36 of the pipe must be different. For example, the angle 83 incline close to the Central axis of the area of the pipe segment may be smaller, i.e. the deflector 2 can be located more flat than close to the wall area of the segment 36 of the pipe.
In addition to videobrasil hardware in the flow channel 5 can be located other deflecting elements 7. In particular, around the Central axis 26 of the droplet separator 10 can be located disk deflection elements 7. This disk deflecting element is to improve the management of the flow and allows you to achieve other improvements in the extent of use of the surface of the precipitation elements 8. If on top of each other there are several such disk deflecting elements 7, they may be different in diameter and implementation. The disk image deflecting element 7 in any case should not be considered as limiting and, depending on the diameter of the flow channel 5 and the gas velocity may be preferable to provide as deflecting elements guiding elements, which can be performed, for example, similar to the deflectors 2 and/or to have a helical, spiral or other separating flow and/or deflecting t is the significance of the form.
The droplet separator according to the second example shown in figure 2. In contrast to the example of figure 1 is not required rod 88, passing along the Central axis 26. The flow channel 5 is shown here in the zone of precipitation elements 8 without built-in elements. Direction 6 of the main flow of saturated liquid gas, which must be included in the droplet separator 10, indicated by the arrow. The droplet separator 10 includes made, in particular, cylindrical piece of pipe from the inner side surface 12. The pipe segment is located upstream before the precipitation elements 8. On the lower end of this pipe section is variablesa hardware part 1, more detail is depicted in figure 5. Variablesa hardware contains an outer ring 27 in the shape of a circle. The outer ring 27 is an integral part of the plates 28 of the column. In more detail the preferred method of manufacturing videobrasil hardware part 1 described with reference to Fig.6-8. Cut pipe with the inner side surface 12 is mounted on a plate 28 columns with integrated videobrasil hardware part 1, so variablesa hardware is located exactly at the entrance to this section of pipe. Bent from the plane of the plates 28 columns deflectors 2 can be found in this application as positivismusstreit, with the help of which can be centering and positioning of the segment 36 of the pipe. Instead of showing a paired connection with the plate 28 of the column with a flow channel 5 may also be provided a flange connection of both these parts, in particular, if you use a column of small diameter and the droplet separator is located at the head of the column. The outer ring 27 is located in this case between the two flange parts. Such a flange connection of the two forming a flow channel elements 5, 28 known to the expert and therefore is not shown.
The outer ring 27 spans multiple deflectors 2, which at least partially form an angle with the direction 6 of the main current. Rich drops of gas to flow in the direction 6 of the main current on the deflectors 2 and forced the image is directed along the surface of the deflector, so that the current becomes radial and tangential components of velocity. The baffles 2 are interconnected located mainly in the center, rotationally symmetrical deflector body 3. Figure 2 deflection body 3 is made in the form of a circular disk. The disk has an inner surface 22, which is simultaneously the inner bounding surface of the deflector 2. In the simplest case, the deflectors 2 flat and consist of sectors with external what ithin, the corresponding radius of the circle 21, and the inner radius corresponding to the radius of the circle 22. When cutting sectors along their edges and along the part corresponding to the sector edges of the inner 22 and outer 21 circles, and the bending of the flat surface occurs variablesa hardware part 1 of the simplest design. Figure 5 shows an example of superior videobrasil hardware, baffles which are located adjacent to the cone-shaped deflection body 3, which results in more stable forms. The deflectors are made, in particular, cutting or punching of disk blanks. After cutting the material to obtain their sectors arches from the disk surface, resulting in a through hole for gas.
Rejected videobrasil the hardware part of the gas flow is in the direction of the inner side surface 12, which in this case is formed inlet holes, at least one collecting element 8 of the second type. In this case, shows a stack of three located one above the other connected elements 8. The inner side surface formed with the inner periphery of the precipitation elements, so necessary in figure 1 the inner side surface 12 with holes 19 can be waived
Precipitation element 8 for droplet separator 10 figure 3 includes several conically spaced layers 31 gas-permeable structures 9, which can be performed, in particular, in the form of lattice structures. The vertex of this cone will lie in the case of the circular base on the Central axis 26. Lattice structure between the inner side surface 12 or its imaginary extension and the wall 11 is located at an angle of 30 to the inner side surface 12 and/or the wall 11, and the angle 30 is preferably 30-70°, in particular 45 to 60°. The angle 30 is shown in figure 2. Layers 32 have a simple conical surface, and the layers 31 - conical surface with overlapping wavy or comparable canalobre structures. Layers 32, 31 can be arranged in alternate order, as an alternative, as shown in figure 3, one layer 32 followed by two layers 31 with counter location wavy structures. In the left part of figure 3, the layers are not shown, so that the nature of the layer 31 is visible better. The layer 31 is, therefore, a wavy structure obtained, for example, by folding the layer 32 with an enlarged surface. Pictured wavy form is only possible example of such a layer 31, any increase surface structure may be suitable for holding two adjacent layers 32 to determine the certain distance, if between the layers is formed by a gap 33, streamlined drops of saturated gas. By this measure the gas flow is divided lattice structures one layer, again merged into the gap 33, and then is divided in the following layer. Due pottersdale function spaces 33 drops are directed to the lattice structure, where they adhere and flow down along the lattice structure in the collector 16.
In figure 2 one above the other stacked three precipitation element 8 is shown in figure 3 type. Gas can enter into the precipitation elements through the surface corresponding to the inner side surface 12, and sequentially pass through more than one collecting element. Figure 2 wall 11 surrounding the precipitation elements, has a lower outlet port for gas, or alternatively, it is possible to completely abandon the vents. The gas exits through the provided holes 35 of the cover 34 located at the top of the precipitation element 8. The gas flow 59 flows, thus, in this example, essentially parallel to the Central axis 26. Holes 35 figure 2 shows in different locations and of different sizes. Lying above the flow channel of the Central section of the cover 34 has no holes, so that the entire gas flow is directed through precipitation elementy.
Instead shown in figure 2 form a stack of precipitation elements 8 is similar to figure 1 related to one collecting element layers lattice structures can resist a plate 44, which is located essentially perpendicular to the direction of the main flow. Adjacent collecting elements can be separated by such plates 44. Due to such plates, the liquid can be discharged separately from each collecting element, and this prevents that the gas flow will carry away already besieged liquid. Each of the plates may be made in the form of collector 16. Collections 16 lying one above the other plates 44 may be connected between a drain pipe 17. Each discharge pipe 17 has a lower end which may be in the form of the outlet pipe 45, through which the liquid leaves the collector 16 or droplet separator.
Variablesa hardware part 1 is provided, for example, for a droplet separator 10 in figure 4, which may consist of modular precipitation elements 8. The gas flow is directed through located upstream of the first collecting element 8 through videobrasil hardware part 1 and enters through schizoprenia holes 15 in the precipitation element or elements 8. They are settling, and for downstream after atverti slows down. Neighboring precipitation elements 8 are separated from each other by plates 44, with the bottom of the plates corresponds to the bottom plate 18 in figure 1. The outer limit of precipitation element is not formed by the wall 11, as in figure 2, a cylindrical structure 46 already described in connection with figure 1. Precipitation element contains a lattice structure, which, as already mentioned, may include a cylindrical structure 46 and wavy patterns 47. Figure 4 shows another example of wavy patterns 47. The waves of this wavy structure has an s-shaped curvature. Near the upper and lower ends of the collecting element waves are essentially in the direction 6 of the main current, while in the Central zone of precipitation element they are tilted at an angle to the direction of the main flow. Neighboring lattice structure can have different angles of inclination, in particular, wavy patterns can form cross-channel structure. Neighboring cross-channel structure can be separated from each other by a cylindrical structure 46, as an alternative it is also possible that such s-shaped patterns followed each other immediately. Liquid droplets hang on these lattice structures, coalescent and flowing in the direction made in the form of a collection of 16 of the plate 44 or the bottom plate 8, connected with the cylinder 46 or wavy 47 structures. Internal, i.e. surrounding the flow channel 5, the restriction of precipitation element is formed by the inner side surface 12. She has the above-described hole 15. In this example, each collecting element has its own internal side surface 12. This means that the precipitation element has in addition to the lattice structures 46, 47 and plate 44 or the bottom plate 18 ' and the inner side surface 12. Thus, in this example, each collecting element is a native module that can be combined with other precipitation elements in the stack. Up thread at the bottom of the precipitation element 8 is located inner side surface 12 with videobrasil hardware part 1.
The inner side surface 12 has a horizontal input surface 13. Downstream of the input surface 13, i.e. in figure 1-4 above the input surface 13, followed by the deflector 2. In the gas stream flowing through the inner side surface 12 around the Central axis, located in the direction 6 of the main thread creates a rotational flow, so that the droplets are deposited along the inner side surface 12 in the form of a current of the liquid film. In the inner side surface 12 is made from is Erste, for example, the slots 15, through which the precipitated liquid flows into the collector 16 between the wall 11 and the inner side surface 12. From a collection of 16 fluid is transported through the discharge pipe 17 into the reservoir (not shown) of the droplet separator.
Upstream videobrasil hardware may change the spectrum of drops and/or pre-deposition cholesterosis tool, made for example in the form of a Mat 86. In this depicted on figure 10 as an example of material 86, the liquid is captured by deposition of droplets on wetted surfaces, made for example in the form of a mesh of thin wires or fibers. This Mat 86 include, for example, under the plate 28 of the column or in the containing videobrasil hardware section of pipe. Separating drops again addicted to gas flow, and the average diameter of the droplets is increased due to the combined effect of coalescence and adhesion compared with an average diameter upstream beyond the Mat. In the mate 86 observed the following effect. For lattice structures, which basically made the Mat, is the deposition of small droplets that fall on the wetted surface of the Mat and held it by force cohesion. As a result of continuous deposition of small droplets, they are combined on the lattice structure of the Mat in large drops. Such is able again captured and are carried away by the gas stream, when they are separated from the surface of the lattice structure. Since the diameter of the droplets is still too small for deposition by gravity against the direction 6 of the main flow when available in the area videobrasil the hardware part of the gas velocity, they are transported by the gas flow in the direction of sedimentation item 8.
Figure 5 shows a guide for the structure videobrasil hardware part 1 deflector 2 and the deflecting body 3. Upstream of the input surface 13 and parallel to it is left free annular output surface 14 for rejected deflectors 2 gas flow. This output surface 14 is located between the Central axis of the deflector body 3 and the inner wall 43 of the segment 36 of the pipe or the inner side surface 12, and below, the term "inner side" should understand the inner wall 43. Deflecting body 3 is made conical and has a cone angle, consistent with the upper edges 40 of the deflector 2. In Central, surrounded output surface 14 zone deflecting body 3 for the top edge 40 along the contact lines 89. Due to the combined effect of the deflecting body 3 and deflectors 2 creates a rotational flow around the Central axis 26.
With 6-8 guide for p is the established levels is explained in more detail. Figure 6 shows the preprocessed sheet item from lying in the same plane deflector 2, which is the next operation is deformed in the guide for the structure with the hardware part 1. For this baffles 2 are curved out of the plane of the sheet parts, respectively, in two centres 23, 24 torsion (centers indicated by the dot-dash circles 23', 24'). Around the center 20 (the center of the circle 20') of the sheet-metal part, attributable to the droplet separator on the Central axis of the segment 36 of the pipe or the inner side surface 12, the deflector 2 is formed between the inner 22 and outer 21 circumferences of the ring. External centers of 23 torsion are located on the outer perimeter 21, forming a first regular polygon. Internal centers 24 torsion, i.e. the second half of the centers of the torsion form on the inner circumference 22 of the second regular polygon. Under proper polygon it is understood polygon whose edges have the same length. Both of the polygon are in the shown embodiment, the right dvenadtsatikolonnom. Thus, there are 12 air vents 2. In version 2 this octagons. Of course, it is also possible polygons, the number of angles which is 6, 10, or another natural number between 3 and 12, and the optimal number lies in the middle part of this is nterval.
The deflector 2 is made of a flat plate part through the slit of the slit 4, the forming edges of the deflectors 2, namely, the radial flange 40 and the peripheral edges 41, 42 on the circles 21, 22. Both of the polygon does not have to be placed in relation to each other so that the edges 40 were radial: edge 40 may be formed with a radius r2the inner circumference 22 between the center 20 with the center 24 of the swirl edge 40, the angle is less than 180°. The centers 23 and 24 have torsion environment, separating slit-like notches 4 of the adjacent deflectors 2 due to the fact that these environments form a radial jumper material on the circles 21, 22 between adjacent edges 41, 42. Narrow slits 4 are made, for example, laser cutting, punching or wire EDM machining with wire EDM processing at the same time can be handled by more located in the stack of sheets.
Differently from figure 6, the radius r2the inner circumference 22 can be chosen substantially smaller than the radius r1the outer perimeter 21, so that the area of both circles are different, at least a hundred times. It is preferable in terms of processing performance, because with the input surface 13 can largely be used and all audouze a cross-sectional area of the inner side surface 12 for processing the gas stream. In terms of strength version 6 with 2<r1:r2<4 may be preferable.
Figure 7 shows the sheet-metal part from Fig.6, in which two adjacent baffle 2 are bent around the centers 23, 24 of the torsion of its plane. (The peripheral edges 41, 42 for simplicity shown as a direct connection between the corner points 23, 23a; 24, 24A). All of the deflectors 2 after deformation form with the input surface 13 angle greater than 25° and less than 65°. The angle is chosen so that there was a guiding structure, the optimal ratio of the vortex in the gas stream and the pressure drop between the inlet 13 and outlet 14 surfaces. In respect of such optimization may be preferable if the deflectors 2 to perform curvilinear. With the same objective deflector 2 can be made so that it has at least two flat plot, inclined to each other. While bending around the edges can be facilitated through the additional slit-like slots, running partly on the edges of the bend.
On Fig depicts the deformed sheet item of 7 with a conical deflector body 3. The gas stream flowing through the guide structure between the input 13 and the output 14 of the surfaces indicated by the arrows 5. The dash-dotted line 12' denotes the outer edge of the inner side surface 12 on eenheden the end. Deflecting body 3, which can be canuso or plate, determines the magnitude of the output surface 14. It should be at least 20% less input surface 13, and less preferably 30-40%. Preferably, if the diameter of the deflecting body 3 is approximately equal to the radius r1the outer perimeter 21 or a little more.
The droplet separator according to the invention is used preferably together with other components. Thus, in order coalescence of droplets above the gas stream before videobrasil hardware parts can be located, at least one Mat 86, in which fluid may be deposited in the form of small droplets on wetted surfaces. Due to the cutting forces, creating a gas flow in the material 86, the fluid is again released in the gas stream in the form of drops larger middle section and enjoys them against gravity. (This assumes that the velocity of the gas flow is large enough). Large drops are deposited on the droplet separator with higher efficiency than small drops. As already mentioned, can be integrated with the same or similar cableaccess mats 86 for gas streams emerging from the droplet separator or separators. A fragment of such a Mat 86 is depicted in figure 10.
Upstream described device containing at m is re, one droplet separator, the gas flow through the distributor substantially uniformly distributed on the closed droplet separator cross-sectional area of, for example, the sectional area of the column. Preferably, the first part of the flowing gas stream of liquid is deposited in such a dispenser. Such a device is disclosed in EP-A-0195464.
The diameter of the outer circumference 21 (=2r1) has a value ranging from 50 to 300 mm, preferably 150-250 mm, the height of the inner side surface 12 by a factor of 2.7 to 3.7, preferably 3.1 to 3.4, more than 2r1.
Figure 9 shows the guide for the structure in another embodiment. Variablesa hardware part 1 is located in the segment 36 of the pipe, which is located upstream of the droplet separator (not shown) in one of the previous options. The front part of the segment 36 of the pipe not shown, so that the visible air vents 2. Here they are, therefore, freely floating in the air. However, they are placed on the inner wall 84 of the segment 36 of the pipe, i.e. either narashima by means of a welded connection, or Rethimno through a plug connection. For this purpose in the wall segment 36 of the tube is sociopathy slot 37 in which is placed the end 38 of the deflector 2. Each deflector is made in the plate-like element 87, which is located at an angle to the direction 6 of the main current. The angle between 85 is the baffle and the plane perpendicular to the direction 6 of the main flow, is 20-70°, in particular 45 to 65°, particularly preferably 60°. When this angle is 85 possible optimal distribution of currents on the inner side surface of the precipitation elements, and the pressure loss can be maintained at a low level. In Fig.9, in addition, along the Central axis 26 is a rod 88 by means of which figure 1 or 4 located at the top of the precipitation element 8 of the droplet separator 10 position the cover 25. Due to this, held together by a separate precipitation of the elements of the multi-stage droplet separator. In addition, the rod 88 in figure 1 can be located deflectors videobrasil hardware part 1 and/or other guides for the elements, for example, the deflecting element 7 (1 or 4) or other guides for the elements, for example, spiral baffles. For this purpose, the rod 88 figure 9 is equipped at its lower end 48 of the threads that screw into the nut 49, which narashima connected with the supporting member 50. The latter is made preferably in the form of a plate located in the segment 36 of the pipe so that it has minimal aerodynamic drag.
Figure 10 guide for the structure of figure 9 is depicted in a different form. The rod 88 in this example is missing. Here Rav is diversified intervals with respect to each other, there are 8 air vents. When the leakage flow deflectors on the bottom in the direction 6 of the main flow is the deviation of the flow. The ends 38 of the deflector, as described above, is connected with the cut pipe 36 by means of detachable or permanent connection. On the right side of figure 10 shows a fragment of sociopathy slots 37.
Figure 11 shows the ratio of the gas velocity/average velocity of the gas depending on the height of the droplet separator 10. Use videobrasil hardware allows you to control the amount of gas and liquid to the entrance surface of the collecting element in such a manner that the upper zone vertically installed precipitation item gets less fluid, while the number of gas largely harmonized and smoothed by the input surface of the precipitation element.
In a precipitation element, the liquid enters in the form of drops on the lattice structure, resulting droplets are deposited in accordance with its inertia. Due to the adhesion of neighboring droplets to form larger droplets, which, in turn, can form a liquid film or stream. Besieged liquid in accordance with the gravity of the need to drain down through the precipitation element, while the gas flows through the precipitation element further in a given direction. Besieged liquid causes resistance to besiege enom element, in the result, the velocity of the gas must be reduced so as not to create ejection of drops from an already besieged liquid.
Due to the centrifugal force drops get a radially directed component of velocity, so that they are in accordance with the direction of the velocity vector are carried out, as in a centrifuge. Large drops soon for videobrasil hardware coalescent on the outer limit of the liquid, and to the upper zones of precipitation element 8 is directed less liquid, so its resistance in these precipitation elements less. Due to the radial velocity drops one of them already for videobrasil hardware is deposited and taken out through the made in digest form the bottom. Through the use of videobrasil hardware part 1 can consequently reduce the structural height of the precipitation element or stacks of precipitation elements.
On the x-axis of the graph indicate the ratio of gas velocity/average velocity of the gas, and the velocity of the gas may be approximately twice the average speed of gas. On the y-axis indicates the height of the stack of precipitation elements. If the segment 36 of the pipe has a diameter of, for example, 200 mm, stacking height is optimal in the range of 0.4-1 m For a model of the system the ratio of the gas velocity/average velocity of the gas to the droplet separator without VI is riopazwosei hardware was calculated by curve 51. This curve shows that the bottom area of the droplet separator are streamed only weakly, and represent the solution in the prior art. Through depicted in figure 1 of deflecting elements 7 is already possible deviation higher share of gas flow in the lower zone of the droplet separator. The action of such deflecting elements is represented by the curve 52, so that in the lower zones of the droplet separator already deposited a substantial proportion of the liquid. Curves 53-56 relate to the examples of execution, in which upstream of the droplet separator is built variablesa hardware baffles in the example shown in figures 9 and 10. To calculate the curve 53 for vent was selected angle of 60° to the direction of the main current, curve 54 - angle 50°, curve 55 - angle of 40° and curve 56 - angle of 20°.
On Fig shows the ratio of the amount of liquid/average amount of liquid depending on the height of the droplet separator 10. On the x-axis of the graph indicate the ratio of the amount of liquid/average quantity of liquid, and the liquid can be a maximum of approximately five times more than the average amount of liquid. On the y-axis indicates the height of the stack. If the segment 36 of the pipe has a diameter of, for example, 200 mm, stacking height is optimal in the range of 0.4-1 m For a model of the system the ratio of the amount of liquid/average number of fluid droplet separator without videobrasil up aratoi part was calculated by curve 61. This curve shows that the bottom area of the droplet separator have only a small amount of liquid, and represent the solution in the prior art. Through depicted in figure 1 of deflecting elements 7 is already possible deposition of a higher fraction of liquid in the lower and middle zones of the droplet separator. This improvement is represented by the curve 62 in comparison with the curve 61. Despite all this, still a large part of the amount of fluid accumulates in the upper part of the pile. Curves 63-66 relate to examples in which upstream of the droplet separator is built variablesa hardware baffles in the example shown in figures 9 and 10. To calculate the curve 63 for vent was selected angle of 60° to the direction of the main flow, the curve 64 - angle 50°, the curve 65 - 40° and curve 66 - angle of 20°. Thus, the increased usage of the droplet separator. Due to this, it is possible to reduce the overall structural height of the droplet separator, which is low in separation columns is a significant advantage.
On Fig shows the coefficient the pressure loss in accordance with the example in figures 9 and 10 depending on the installation angle of the deflectors videobrasil hardware. On the x-axis plotted angle, which can theoretically be 0-90°. In the range 0-20° deflectors so flat that the ratio of the resistance of the pressure loss in any case lies above technically feasible interval. Only since the angle of about 20°, corresponding to the left end of the curve 70, this ratio lies in the range ensuring the continuous operation of the droplet separator in the separation column. To about 40° coefficient decreases approximately linearly (71), and ranging from about 60° (72), almost no reduction factor. The deflectors 2 form with the input surface 13 angle greater than 20° and less than 70°, preferably 45-65°. The optimal value of the angle is 60°, as seen from the results Fig (curve 63). With almost minimal loss of pressure desired high degree of precipitation will be in the zone of droplet separator, which lies directly downstream videobrasil hardware.
1. The droplet separator (10)containing a flow channel (5) for directing drops of saturated gas and transmission of this rich drops of gas in the direction (6) of the main flow, and precipitation element (8)located essentially koltseobrazno around the flow channel (5) and having an inner lateral surface (12), which is essentially the diameter of the flow channel (5) and provided with holes (15, 19) to enter the saturated gas drops in precipitation element (8), and precipitation element (8) is, at least part of the length of the flow channel (5) and contains a few what to lattice structures (9), characterized in that the flow channel (5) is variablesa hardware (1) baffle (2), through which drops of saturated gas is rotationally driven, and the drops are directed by the centrifugal force in the direction of precipitation element (8), and by means of the deflector (2), at least part of the saturated gas drops deviates from the direction (6) of the main flow in the direction of the holes (15, 19).
2. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting element (8) is flown drops of saturated gas from the inner side surface (12) in the direction of the external wall (11) in the direction of flow, forming with the direction (6) of the main flow angle greater than 0° and less than 180°.
3. The droplet separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the collecting element (8) contains sections and/or composed of multiple, adjacent in the direction (6) of the main current modules precipitation elements (8), and at least one part of the rejected gas introduced through lying next to videobrasil hardware (1) the partition of precipitation element and/or through lying next module collecting element (8)and the other part of the rejected gas is routed through a remote from videobrasil hardware (1) the section and/or the remote module precipitation element (8).
4. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lattice structure (9) is located between the inner lateral surface (12) and outer wall (11), essentially annular surfaces that are parallel to the inner side surface (12) and/or the outer wall (11).
5. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lattice structure (9) is located between the inner lateral surface (12) and outer wall (11) at an angle to the inner side surface (12) and/or the outer wall (11), and the angle is preferably 30-70°, in particular 45 to 60°.
6. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner side surface (12) and/or the outer wall (11) contain lattice structure.
7. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the related to the precipitation element (8) lattice structures (9) is held bottom plate (18)located essentially perpendicular to the direction (6) of the main current.
8. The droplet separator according to claim 7, characterized in that adjacent the precipitation elements (8) made with the possibility of separation from each other of the bottom plates (18), and on each bottom plate (18) is provided by teams means (16, 17, 45) to be deposited in the lattice structures of the liquid.
9. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas stream upstream before videobrush the th hardware part (1) is, at least one Mat (86) for the coalescence of droplets.
10. The droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector (2) videobrasil hardware (1) is located within the segment (36) pipe upstream of the inner side surface (12) around the Central axis (26), oriented in the direction (6) of the main flow deflectors (2) form the input surface (13), and downstream to the input surface (13) for rejected deflectors (2) the gas flow provided by the annular output surface (14).
11. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that all the baffles (2) form with an input surface (13) angle (83) of the slope is greater than 20° and less than 70°, preferably 45-65°.
12. The droplet separator according to claim 11, characterized in that the angle (83) slope changes along the edge (81) of the pipe segment to the Central axis (26).
13. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the Central axis (26) is deflecting body (3).
14. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the baffles are located between the inner circumference (22) and outer circle (21) around the Central axis (26), the output surface (14) is less than the annular surface between the two circles, so that the gas flow due to the combined effect of the deflecting body (3) and vent (2) creates a rotational period around the center of InEU axis (26).
15. The droplet separator according to 14, characterized in that the deflector (2) respectively bent around the two centres (23, 24) torsion downstream from one plane, and on the outer perimeter (21) one half of the centers (23) torsion is located on the ground right polygon, and the other half of the centers (24) torsion on the inner circumference (22) on the second right polygon.
16. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the deflector (2) is formed of exactly one planar sheet through a slit-like slots (4).
17. The droplet separator according to item 16, characterized in that the slit-like notches (4) performed laser cutting, wire EDM machining or punching.
18. The droplet separator according to 14, characterized in that the diameter of the outer circumference is 50-300 mm, preferably 150-250 mm
19. The droplet separator according to item 13, wherein the deflecting body (3) made cone-shaped or plate, and formed deflector body output surface (14), at least 20%, preferably 30-40% less input surface (13).
20. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the number of baffles (2) more than 3 and less than 13, preferably is 6, 8 or 10.
21. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that all the baffles (2) form with an input surface (13) angle (85) tilt to the verge greater than 20° and less than 70°, is preferably 45-65°.
22. The droplet separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the deflector (2) is made curved or has at least two flat surfaces, which are inclined to each other.
23. The droplet separator according to item 13, wherein the deflecting body (3) made conical and has a cone angle, consistent with the upper edge (40) of the deflector (2), formed by radial cuts a slit-like slots (4), so that in the Central, surrounded output surface area occurs contact line (89) between the deflector body (3) and edges.
Gas purification system // 2441690
SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in processes producing waste gases of high temperature and pressure. The system of gas purification consists of at least one housing (1) with first volume (31) where purified gas if fed, and second volume (33) where purified gas comes out from. The volumes (31) and (33) are divided by bottom plate (43). The system is also equipped with filter device containing filtering media to divide solid particles and dehydrate the gas due to the separation of coalescing liquid. Device (37) of preliminary dehydration of gas contains at least one cyclone, the ring surface of which is concentric to the lateral axis (17) directed at least approximately vertical in the normal mounting position. The bottom of the housing (1) ends with collecting vessel (25) for the liquid separated during preliminary dehydration. The bottom plate (43) has a socket (47) ensuring the hole (45) for the connection fitting of filter element (35) through which the preliminary dehydrated gas flows from the cyclone (37). Above the bottom plate (43) there is a widening forming a chamber (65) used for collection of liquid coalescing at the filter element (35) which is drained through drain hole (67). The invention ensures both purification and sufficient dehydration of gas.
EFFECT: gas purification and dehydration.
Combined electric filter // 2419478
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to leaning gas of dust and may be sued in heat engineering, metallurgy, production of construction materials etc. Combined electric filter consists of bag filter and electric filter fields arranged in one case. Case face is closed by bag plate. The latter houses filtration elements are arranged towards gas flow. Besides, tube distributing compressed air for reclamation of bags are arranged horizontally. Regeneration device incorporates programmable controller that allows regeneration of filtration elements starting from top bags, while duration of pause between regeneration intervals exceeds time of dust deposition between adjacent bags.
EFFECT: optimum use of case volume, simplified mounting and better gas distribution in electric filter.
Method of fluid and gas separation // 2417822
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering, oil-and-gas industry for separation and drying of gases, in particularly, for increasing reliability and life of pipeline transport systems and reliable operation of ACS. Proposed method comprises multistage drying with pre-cooling of separation and extra drum shells in bypassing separation drum shell with evaporation of drop moisture on condenser developed surfaces with drain openings. Condensers are made from high-porosity cellular metals fitted coaxially, with no clearance, on inner surfaces of separation and extra drum shells to produce heat brisges. Bypassing is cut out to feed flow into extra drum shell and to separate condensed moisture on condenser developed surfaces cooled, in moisture evaporation.
Two-stage system of exhaust air cleaning // 2417821
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to exhaust air cleaning systems and may be used at cattle-breeding and poultry-farming enterprises. Proposed two-stage system comprises two dust collectors arranged in one housing and provided with inlet and outlet branch pipes. First dust collector comprises perforated sheets arranged at its inlet and outlet and horizontal shelves attached to the housing and arranged there between. Second dust collector is made up of electric filter consisting or precipitation electrodes arranged vertically and representing rectangular plates with corona-forming electrodes arranged there between and secured to the housing via insulators.
EFFECT: efficient air cleaning of dust, including finely dispersed dust.
Aspiration system with osf (oncoming swirling flow) apparaturs and frame filter // 2416457
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wet dust separation and may be used in chemical, textile, light industries, etc, for dusty gas cleaning. Proposed system comprise swirl dust separator and filter. Vorject dust separator comprises cylindrical housing 4 with comical bin and inlet branch pipe 5 and 6 arranged at bin bottom to terminate in larger diametre cylinder 7. Housing top accommodates secondary flow feed branch pipe and outlet branch pipe 3. Face surface of cylinder 7 accommodates shutter-type swirler 9, spinner 9 and bumper washer 10. Outlet of clean gas 3 accommodates air duct secured thereto and communicated with inlet branch pipe 23 of frame sleeve filter. Filter comprises housing 17, filtration section 21 with boxes 22 and 23 for dusty gas intake and clean gas discharge, filtration sleeves 16 with frame 19, tubular grating, dust collection bin 18 and regeneration mechanism. The latter consists of solenoid valve 11, compressed air feed pipe 12, Venturi nozzle 14 and regeneration automatic control device 15. Filter comprises also temperature pickup, dust collector dust level alarm pickup, thermal automatic annuciator detector and manifold with nozzles to be connected to fire fighting system incorporating control unit arranged in filtration section outlet box, their outlet being connected to common microprocessor.
Aspiration system with osf (oncoming swirling flow) -type apparatus // 2416456
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to gas cleaning of dust and may be used in various industrial branches. Proposed system comprise vorject dust separator and filter. Vorject dust separator comprises top cylindrical part 1 with screw cover 9 and bottom cylindrical larger-diametre part 8, conical dust collection bin 8, dust gas feed branch pipe 4 and 5 with peripheral swirler, and bumper washer 6. Outlet of clean gas branch pipe 3 accommodates air duct 10 secured thereto and communicated with inlet branch pipes of frame sleeve filter 23. Filter comprises housing 17, filtration section 21 with boxes 22 and 23 for dusty gas intake and clean gas discharge, filtration sleeves 16 with frame 19, tubular grating, dust collection bin 18 and regeneration mechanism. The latter consists of solenoid valve 11, compressed air feed pipe 12, Venturi nozzle 14 and regeneration automatic control device 15. Filter comprises also temperature pickup, dust collector dust level alarm pickup, thermal automatic annunciator detector and manifold with nozzles to be connected to fire fighting system incorporating control unit arranged in filtration section outlet box, their outlet being connected to common microprocessor.
EFFECT: higher efficiency of separating low-specific weight particles and system reliability.
Separation system with vorject dust separator // 2416455
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to gas cleaning of dust and may be used in various industrial branches. Proposed dust separator comprises cylindrical housing 1, axial dusty gas intake with swirler 4, ejector 7, spinner 5 and conical bumper washer. Housing top accommodates axial clean gas discharge branch pipe and secondary flow peripheral intake 8 with swirler 9. Said axial clean gas discharge branch pipe is communicated with air duct 10 provided with inlet branch pipe 23 of the frame sleeve filter. Filter comprises housing 17, filtration section 21 with boxes 22 and 23 for dusty gas intake and clean gas discharge, filtration sleeves 16 with frame 19, tubular grating, dust collection bin 18 and regeneration mechanism. The latter consists of solenoid valve 11, compressed air feed pipe 12, Venturi nozzle 14 and regeneration automatic control device 15. Filter comprises also temperature pickup, dust collector dust level alarm pickup, thermal automatic annunciator detector and manifold with nozzles to be connected to fire fighting system incorporating control unit arranged in filtration section outlet box, their outlet being connected to common microprocessor.
Cyclone with filtration element // 2414306
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to removal of dusty gases and may be used in chemical, metallurgical and food industries, as well as in production of construction materials. Cyclone comprises cylindrical shell. Inlet branch pipe is tangentially jointed to shell top and outlet branch pipe is axially jointed thereto. Dust collector with gate is joined via confuser is jointed to shell bottom. Fabric filtration element is arranged concentrically inside the shell. Filter element exceeds the inlet branch pipe width and is connected to outlet branch pipe. Pneumatic recovery device is accommodated inside outlet branch pipe to reciprocated therein and represents a piston.
EFFECT: efficient regeneration of filtration element, higher reliability and mobility.
Air cleaner // 2398614
SUBSTANCE: proposed invention is intended for air treatment. Proposed air cleaner comprises first flow channel communicating intake hole with exhaust hole, first cleaning assembly arranged in said first channel and performing first cleaning of air passing there through from upstream side to downstream side, second flow channel communicating the space between first cleaning assembly and first channel exhaust hole with the space between first cleaning assembly and first channel intake hole, air blower arranged in first channel between first cleaning assembly and connecting section on downstream side. Said connecting section represents downstream side of connecting sections between first and second channels. Note here that aforesaid blower generates positive pressure nearby exhaust hole and connecting section of downstream side. It comprises also second cleaning assembly arranged in second flow channel and performing second cleaning function. Tail part of upstream side of second flow channel comprises at least a section passing to, in fact, the center of surface perpendicular to first flow section flow direction.
EFFECT: high cleaning efficiency.
Dust separator for dry gas cleaning // 2395326
SUBSTANCE: invention refers to high fine dust gas treating and can be used in power engineering, nonferrous metallurgy, building materials industry and other fields. A dust separator comprises a body with series in-built electrical filter and a cloth filter, gas distributor between the electrical filter and cloth filter; and the cloth filter is equipped with at least two input collectors, and each section of the cloth filter has at least two equispaced variable height inputs of the input collector. The capacity ratio of the cloth filter and the electrical filter is 0.5 to 1.3.
EFFECT: more effective dust collection ensured by more uniform gas distribution and consequently reduced energy consumption for compressed air, overcoming of hydraulic resistance of the filter, higher reliability and service life of filter elements.
Dust trap // 2447923
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning gas of dust and may be sued in heat engineering, metallurgy, production of construction materials etc. Dust trap comprises case with cover accommodating axial dusty gas feed branch pipe, swirler made up of hollow disk housing shaped vanes, truncated-cone shield arranged under said swirler and with its smaller base located on disk outer bottom edges, and axial cleaned gas discharge branch pipe. Cover is made integral with swirler. Dusty gas feed branch pipe is arranged atop dust trap cover, along its axis. Cleaned gas discharge branch pipe extends through case bottom.
EFFECT: higher efficiency, lower power consumption, ease of dust trap manufacture.
Device for cleaning steam or gas from foreign impurities // 2446860
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering and may be used at high- and medium-pressure steam pipelines after superheating at electric power stations that feature steam turbine blading section abrasive wear from scale particles. Proposed cleaner comprises pipeline accommodating Venturi nozzle, separation chamber and foreign impurities collector. Separation chamber is formed between pipeline and Venturi nozzle with its inlet part jointed to pipeline inner surface at their contact point and its divergent section is jointed all over tube inner diameter. Stiffness ribs are welded to Venturi nozzle inlet. Venturi nozzle diameter in divergent section equals that of pipeline while Venturi nozzle axis is displaced from pipeline axis. Separation grid is fitted at separation chamber inlet.
EFFECT: higher degree of cleaning, simplified design, ease of use.
Swirler with hydraulic amplification // 2443458
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices designed to swirl gas or fluid flow and to increase outflow head. Proposed swirler consists of hollow case made up of five and more bulged curved tapes coiled in vertical plane in vertical direction and bent along screw lines in transverse direction on mandrel representing a paraboloid of rotation to form screw lines and bulged curved screw surfaces along perimetre relative to axis of symmetry of aforesaid case with centers of curvature located there inside, and laps inside said case representing screw vanes all over case length from inlet to outlet.
EFFECT: higher efficiency, reduced drag and increased head.
Gas cleaning separator // 2438757
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning gas of impurities, mainly, of various fluids, and may be used in gas, gas production, oil, chemical and other industries for gas treatment. Gas cleaning separator comprises housing with contaminated gas feed branch pipe, purified gas and fluid discharge branch pipes, gas distributor and filtration sections. Gas distributor is mounted opposite the contaminated gas feed branch pipe spaced from the housing. Filtration sections are arranged above said gas distributor. Every filtration section incorporates screen drip pan and direct-flow drip pan with radial-flow separation elements. Note here that said direct-flow drip pan is mounted above screen drip pan.
EFFECT: higher efficiency with increased rate factor
Cyclone with separation pack and distributing nested doll // 2437709
SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for separating minor solid particles from gas mix in the field of centrifugal forces. Proposed cyclone comprises vertical case with taper bottom, horizontal cover, adapter, inlet and discharge branch pipes, separation pack arranged insides said case and aligned therewith. Said pack consists of vertical plates arranged on bearing ring along its edges at an angle to circumference to form slotted channels in overlapping zone, accumulation container with discharge device, neck jointing said case with accumulation container, and provided with locking device. Disk is secured from below to bearing ring with clearance. Hollow cylinder is secured from below to said disk and aligned therewith. Distributing nested doll is secured from below to said cylinder and aligned therewith. Said nested doll consists of coaxial perforated different diameter and length tubes fitted one into another. Larger-length tubes feature smaller diameter. Round opening is made at disk center to accommodate suction branch pipe provided with flow regulator. Flat ring elevated relative to bearing ring to make annular clearance with separation pack vertical plates is secured on said suction branch pipe. Protective disk is arranged below said distribution nested doll and aligned therewith.
Reducer swirler // 2436618
SUBSTANCE: invention is related to devices for swirling and increasing discharge of liquid or gas flow outflow (reduction). A reducer swirler is made of a hollow cone-shaped body mounted of three and more tapes of trapezoidal shape twisted along a helical line in longitudinal direction and bent in transverse direction along a helical line on a conical holder, with various dimensions in width, with their reduction along the body length from the input hole to the output hole, with formation of three and more helical grooves and helical lines along the perimetre inside the body with an alternating reducing pitch from the input hole to the output hole, and also inner curvilinear surfaces of convex or concave shape relative to the longitudinal axis of conical shape of the body with centres of curvature arranged outside or inside the conical shape of the body.
EFFECT: expansion of process capabilities, increased efficiency, reduced hydraulic resistance, increased discharge of outflow.
Centrifugal gas liquid separator // 2434669
SUBSTANCE: this invention relates to equipment intended for cleaning gas and liquid from impurities, particularly, to radial-flow separators. Separator comprises vertical casing with cover and bottom, cartridge made up of top cylindrical section and bottom tapered section furnished with coaxial pipe, gas-liquid mix tangential inlet passed through casing into cartridge inner chamber, gas outlet branch pipe jointed to cartridge inner chamber by gas bleeder, liquid discharge branch pipe and sludge discharge branch pipe. Cartridge cylindrical section edges are attached to casing cover inner side. Said section has vertical cutouts and filtration element adjoining cylindrical section wall on the side of cartridge inner chamber. Cartridge tapered part coaxial tube is fitted into sludge discharge branch pipe to telescope therein. Clearance between casing and cartridge communicates with gas bleeder with bleeder branch pipe.
EFFECT: preventing clogging of separator by solid fractions.
Centrifugal gas-liquid separator // 2433856
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for treatment of gases and liquid from mechanical admixtures and may be used in gas, oil, power and other industries. The separator comprises a vertical body with a cover and a bottom, a cylindrical cartridge arranged in the body with a gap, a tangential input of the gas and liquid mixture passing into the inner cavity of the cartridge via the body cover, a nozzle of gas exhaust connected to the inner cavity of the cartridge with the help of a gas discharge pipe, a nozzle of liquid drain and a nozzle of residue discharge. The body is made of stepped shape with the upper cylindrical part of larger diameter and the lower cylindrical part of the smaller diameter. The lower part of the body with its upper edge is installed in its upper part and is equipped with an additional nozzle of liquid drain and a conical part fixed to its lower edge and connected to the nozzle of the residue drain. The cartridge rests against the upper edge of the lower part of the body, is made with vertical slots and is equipped with a filtering element that adjoins the wall of the cylindrical part at the side of its inner cavity. The gap between the body and the cartridge is communicated with the gas exhaust pipe with the help of the gas exhaust nozzle.
EFFECT: improved quality of liquid and gas treatment, increased time between repairs, elimination of possibility of separator clogging with solid fractions, also when the mixture flow breaks or pressure collapses.
Centrifugal gas-liquid separator // 2433855
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for treatment of gases and liquid from mechanical admixtures and may be used in gas, oil, power and other industries. The separator comprises a vertical body with a cover and a bottom, a cartridge installed in the body with a gap along the perimetre and made of the upper cylindrical part and the lower conical part equipped with a coaxial pipe, a tangential inlet of gas-liquid mixture passing into the inner cavity of the cartridge, a nozzle of gas outlet connected to the inner cavity of the cartridge with the help of a gas exhaust pipe passing through the body cover, a nozzle of liquid drain communicated with the body near its bottom, and a nozzle of residue drain connected to the body bottom. The cylindrical part of the cartridge along the perimetre is fixed to the inner side of the body cover, is made with vertical slots and is equipped with a filtering element that adjoins the wall of the cylindrical part at the side of the inner cavity of the cartridge. The conical part of the cartridge at the side of its wider end is telescopically inserted into the cylindrical part of the cartridge. The coaxial pipe of the conical part of the cartridge is telescopically inserted into the nozzle of the residue drain. The gap between the body and the cartridge is communicated with the gas exhaust pipe with the help of the gas exhaust nozzle. The tangential input of the gas and liquid mixture is made as passing into the inner cavity of the cartridge via the body cover.
EFFECT: higher quality of treatment.
Cyclone // 2432209
SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for separation of dispersed particles from gases. Cyclone comprises cylindrical housing with tangential inlet branch pipe, cover with axial outlet branch pipe, and bin with slurry discharge branch pipe. Cyclone housing accommodates spiral-like perforated multi-turn insert rigidly secured to cover at its top part, or arranged with clearance to cover. Height of inner turns is smaller than that of outer turns. Pitch at insert top relates to that at insert base as m:n, note here that m>n or m<n, where m and n are natural numbers. Said coil features increasing or decreasing pitch as coil diameter decreases. Said insert features decreasing diameter of holes along twisting spiral while spiral perforation starts from second turn. Insert features cylindrical and truncated cone shape with larger base secured to cyclone cover. Inlet branch pipe is mounted at housing center at right angle to its vertical axis, or atop the housing, or at its bottom at acute angle to its vertical axis.
Small-sized high performance separator "kolibry" ("humming-bird") // 2244584
FIELD: devices for trapping of finely dispersed liquid and solid particles from a gas stream.
SUBSTANCE: the invention is intended for trapping of finely dispersed liquid and solid particles from a gas stream in a field of centrifugal forces. The separator contains: a vertical cylindrical body, a horizontal partition, an inlet branch-pipe, an outlet branch-pipe, an overflow connecting pipes, a baffle, a vertical separative package consisting of vertical flat bent separative plates. To raise efficiency of the device and to increase its productivity by liquid and gaseous phases the bent ends of the plates are directed to the different sides in respect to the external and internal diameters of the separative package. The axial line of the inlet branch-pipe is shifted in respect to an axial line of the body of the device by Ѕ of the diameter of the inlet branch-pipe. At that the diameter of the inlet branch-pipe does not exceed 1/4 of the body diameter. The baffle installed on a course of rotation of the gas-liquid stream has the maximum possible cross-section. At that along the course of the stream run it converges in level and increases in height and still keeping the cross-sectional area. At the end of the upper converged part of the baffle there is the arch-shaped plate descending along the run of the gas-liquid stream and directed relatively to a horizontal line at an angle of 15°-30°. Along the course of rotation of the gas-liquid stream with a clearance in respect to the inner side of the body there is a bent plate, which lower ends go under the lower cover of the baffle.
EFFECT: the invention ensures a raise of efficiency and productivity of the device by liquid and gaseous phases.