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For Comments Only Draft Indian Standard HOT ROLLED MEDIUM AND HIGH TENSILE STRUCTURAL STEEL (Seventh Revision of IS 2062)
ICS 77.140.01 Not to be reproduced without the permission of BIS or used as STANDARD FOREWORD (Formal clauses will be added later) Last date for receipt of comments is
The Committee decided to revise the present specification to bring it in line with the international standards (EN & ASTM) on Carbon-Manganese and High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) structural steels and also to align it as per the present practices being followed by the Indian steel industry, both in the integrated as well as secondary sectors. The specification has been made in such a way that it is now well comparable with other international standards like Euronorm and ASTM on similar grades of steel and can also be easily referred by overseas designers / customers as an alternative to the international standards. In this revision, the following changes have been made: a) b) c) The title has been modified and the word ‘low’ has been deleted, keeping in view the grades of steel contained in the specification. Amendment No. 1 has been incorporated with suitable modifications. Number of basic grades has been changed to nine. A new grade of E275, in line with European standard, has been incorporated to take care of the requirements of medium tensile structural steels in the construction segment. Moreover, for each grade two to four sub-qualities have been introduced, depending upon the grade, where sub-qualities A, BR, B0 and C, in line with other international standards, indicate the mode of killing and impact test requirements. The clause on ‘Manufacture’ has been modified, where the scope is suitably widened to include different steel making and rolling practices in vogue. Silicon content of semi-killed steel has been clearly specified.
For all the tests specified in this standard (chemical/physical/others), the method as specified in relevant ISO Standard may also be followed as an alternate method. While revising the standard, assistance has been derived from EN 10025 & ASTM specifications. For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2:1960 `Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. 1 SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers the requirements of steel including micro-alloyed steel plates, strips, shapes and sections (angles, tees, beams, channels, etc), flats, bars, etc, for use in structural work. 1.1.1 The steels are suitable for welded, bolted and riveted structures and for general engineering purposes. 1.1.2 Where welding is employed for fabrication and guaranteed-weldability is required, welding procedure should be as specified in IS 9595.
3.3 Controlled Rolling .1 10842:1984 Testing and evaluation procedure for Y groove crackability test 12778:1989 Dimensions for hot rolled steel parallel flange beam and column sections 12779:1989 Rolling and cutting tolerances for hot rolled parallel flange beams and column
sections. followed by cooling in air to a temperature below the transformation temperature.4 Normalizing Rolling .
228 (in various parts) 808:1989
Method for chemical analysis of steel Dimensions for hot rolled steel beam. analogous to that obtained by a separate normalizing treatment of hot rolled product.Elements.Doc: MTD 4(5005)
2 REFERENCES The standards listed below contain provisions. channel and angle sections (third revision) 1173:1978 Hot rolled slit steel tee bars (second revision) 1252:1991 Hot rolled steel bulb angles –Dimensions (first revision) 1599:1985 Method for bend test (second revision) 1608:2005 Metallic Materials. the following definitions in addition to those given in the relevant parts of IS 1956 shall apply.
.A hot rolling process in which the temperature of the steel and its reduction ratio are controlled. All standards are subject to revision and parties to agreement based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below: IS No. the editions indicated were valid. in order to achieve fine grain micro structure and optimum mechanical properties. column. At the time of publication. which through reference in this text constitute provisions of this standard. 3.Tensile testing at ambient temperature (third revision) 1730:1989 Steel plates sheets. so that the joints comply with the requirements specified in regard to both their local properties and their influence on the construction of which they form a part. when metallic continuity to a stated degree can be obtained by welding using a suitable procedure. 3 TERMINOLOGY
For the purpose of this standard. such as niobium. formability and weldability as compared to unalloyed steel of similar strength level.A metallic substance is considered to be weldable by a given process and for the given purpose. 3.A hot rolling process in which the final rolling passes are carried out at a suitable temperature equivalent to normalizing temperature.2 Weldability . strips and flats for structural and general engineering purposes (second revision) 1732:1989 Dimensions for round and square steel bars for structural and general engineering purposes (first revision) 1757:1988 Method for Charpy impact test (V-notch) for metallic material (second revision) 1852:1985 Rolling and cutting tolerances for hot-rolled steel products (fourth revision) 1863:1979 Hot rolled steel bulb flats (first revision) 1956(in various parts) Glossary of terms relating to iron and steel (in various parts) 2314:1986 Steel sheet piling sections (first revision) 3803(Part 1):1989 Steel – Conversion of elongation values: Part 1 Carbon and low alloy steels (second revision) 3954:1991 Hot rolled steel channel sections for general engineering purposes (first revision) 8910:1978 General technical delivery requirements for steel and steel products 9595:1996 Metal arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels– Recommendations (first revision) 10182:(Part 1):1982 Dimensions and tolerances for hot rolled track shoe sections: Part 1 Sections TS 1.1 10182:(Pt 2):1985 Dimensions and tolerances for hot rolled track shoe sections: Part 2 Sections TS H.1 Micro-Alloying Elements . particularly during the final rolling passes. in order to produce a structure. 3. vanadium and titanium added singly or in combination to obtain higher strength to weight ratio combined with better toughness.
6 MANUFACTURE 6. 7. E 300 to E 650 material. 5 GRADES There shall be Nine grades of steel as given in Tables 1 and 2.4
Doc: MTD 4(5005)
General requirements relating a supply of structural steel shall conform to IS 8910. etc. flats. If required. 6. strips.1 Steel may be supplied in semi-killed/killed condition. secondary refining in the form of Ladle refining. where killed steel shall be supplied by mutual agreement between purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier.2.2 may be repaired by chipping or grinding followed by welding and inspection by a mutually agreed procedure such that: a) After complete removal of the defects and before welding. B0 & C) and for grades E 450 to E 650. The products may be rolled and supplied in as-rolled/normalizing/normalizing rolling/controlled rolling/accelerated cooling conditions as per the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. BR. the steel should be designated by ‘Grade Designation’ & ‘Quality’ (see Table 1 and Table 2). Reduction in thickness by grinding greater than 4 percent but not exceeding 7 percent may be made subject to mutual agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. are left to the discretion of the manufacturer/supplier. 7 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS
7.1 All finished steel shall be well and cleanly rolled to the dimensions. Sub-qualities A. Semi-killed/Killed mandatory at 0°C.1 Subject to agreement with the purchaser. laminations. BR. Killed.3 Welding as mentioned in 7. sections and masses specified. For grades E 250 to E 410. Semi-killed/Killed optional. rough/jagged and imperfect edges and all other harmful defects. 7. casting and further hot rolling into steel plates.1 is not permissible for grade designation E 250C. 7. B0 and C indicate requirement of impact test and mode of de-oxidation as indicated below: A BR B0 C Impact Impact Impact Impact test test test test not required.2. if required at room temperature. the thickness of the item is in no place reduced by more than 20 percent.
. and c) Subsequent to the finish grinding. there shall be Four sub-qualities (A. Vacuum degassing may follow steel making.
While placing the order. there shall be Two sub-qualities (A & BR). bars.2 Minor surface defects may be removed by the manufacturer/supplier by grinding provided the thickness is not reduced locally by more than 4 percent below the minimum specified thickness. The finished material shall be reasonably free from surface flaws. The steel may be ingot cast or continuously cast.2 The processes used in the steel making. surface defects which cannot be dealt with as in 7. b) Welding is carried out by approved procedure by competent operators with approved electrodes and that the welding is ground smooth to the correct nominal thickness. sections. Semi-killed/Killed mandatory at –20°C. the item may be required to be normalized or otherwise heat-treated at the purchaser’s discretion.
40 0.040 (7) 0.50 1.040 0.70 1.50 1.50 0.045 0.47 Semi killed/ killed Killed 0.045 0. preferably taken during casting/teeming of the heat.22 0.Doc: MTD 4(5005)
8. silicon shall be less than 0.55 0. 2 For semi-killed steel.40 0.020 0.40 0.01 percent.040 0.045 0.025 0. the total aluminium content shall not be less than 0.23 0. the silicon content shall not be less than 0.040 0.65 1.045 0. Mn (Cr + Mo + V) (Ni + Cu) 4 Carbon equivalent (CE) would be calculated based on ladle analysis.20 1.22 1.045 0.50 1.50 1.040 (6) 0. CE=C + ---.70 0. shall conform to the requirements as given in Table 1.60 0. When the steel is killed by silicon alone.040 0. In case of dispute. Percent.025 0.040 0.040 0.20 0.42 0. when the steel is killed by aluminium alone.50 (5) 0.22 0. The weldability increases from quality A to C for grade designation E225 & E250.45 0.045 0.41 0.50 0.45 Carbon Equivalent (CE).42 0. 8. For Killed steel.40 0.040 0.44 Mode of Deoxidation (9) Semi killed/ killed Semi killed/ killed Killed Semi killed/ killed Semi killed/ killed Killed Semi killed/ killed Killed 0.50 1.10 percent.025 0. Max (8) 0.10 percent. The ladle analysis shall be reported in the test certificate.41 0.20 Ladle Analysis.045 0.50 1. Max Mn S P Si (4) 1.only.045 0. the silicon content shall not be less than 0.55 Semi killed/ killed Semi killed/ killed Semi killed/ killed Semi killed/ killed
(2) A BR B0 C A BR B0 C A BR B0 C A BR B0 C A BR B0 C A BR A BR A BR A BR
E 450 E 550 E 600 E 650
1 New grade designation system based on minimum yield stress has been adopted.015 0.040 0.22 0.40 0.20 1.02 percent.54 0.43 0.65 1. B0 and C are generally suitable for welding processes.22 0. This analysis shall be made from a test sample.22 0. BR.+ -------------.020 0.45 0.1 and 8.03 percent and total aluminium content shall not be less than 0.045 0.45 0. 6 5 15
.+ -----------------.2)
Grade Designation (1) Quality C (3) 0.21 0.045 0.50 0.54 0.52 0.19 0.39 0.
Table 1 Chemical Composition (Clause 5. the procedure given in IS 228 and its relevant parts shall be the referee method and where test methods are not specified shall be as agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier.1 Ladle Analysis The ladle analysis of the steel. 3 Steels of qualities A.50 Semi killed/ killed Killed 0. When the steel is silicon-aluminium killed.40 0. when carried out by the method specified in the relevant parts of IS 228 or any other established instrumental/chemical method.
Permissible limits of variation in case of product analysis from the limits specified in Table 1 shall be as given in Table 3. the sample for tensile testing shall be taken only in transverse direction.005 0. 9 Nitrogen content of steel shall not exceed 0. produced from cutting of HR coil.2) Sl No. both surfaces are normally to be left on the test samples for strips and plates up to 32 mm thick.20 Manganese Silicon Copper Sulphur Phosphorus Permissible Variation Over the Specified Limit. Alternatively. the samples may be taken from the web.35 percent as mutually agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Selection of location of test pieces may also be mutually agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. 11 Lower limits for carbon equivalent and closer limits for other elements may be mutually agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. In case of E600 and E650 the limit of Cr & Ni.02 0. For testing of flat products like plates tensile and bend test pieces may be cut in the transverse direction.Elements not quoted in Table 1 shall not be intentionally added to steel without the agreement of the purchaser.50percent and 0.005
SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES
9. shall not exceed 0. Max (3) 0. 7 Copper may be present between 0. in case of sections.03 0. The recommended locations for taking test samples for plates.25 percent. Ni. either singly or in combination. if required. sections and bars are indicated in Fig. In case of product analysis the copper content shall be between 0.2 Product Analysis The product analysis shall be carried out on the finished product from the standard position. may be treated with Calcium based compound or rare earth element for better formability.60 percent respectively. Total micro-alloying elements shall not be more than 0. the rolled surface of the steel shall be retained on the two opposite sides of the test samples. mechanical properties and applicability.3 In case of flat test samples for tensile test.17 and 0. 6 Alloying elements such as Cr. Mo and B may be added under agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.38 percent.03 0. At least one rolled surface shall be left on
.05 0.20 Carbon >0.2 Wherever practicable.20 to 0.1.03 0. 10 The steel. Constituent (1) i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) 9 (2) Carbon <0. other than for the purpose of finishing the heat. V & Ti may be added singly or in combination. 9. in case of the plates beyond 12mm in thickness.012 percent which shall be ensured by the manufacturer by occasional check analysis.However.5 Micro-alloying elements like Nb. All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent the addition from scrap or other materials used in manufacture of such elements which affect the hardenability. Table 3 Permissible Variation for Product Analysis (Clauses 5 and 8.
9. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Percent. for example E 250 Cu. 8 Incidental element . The copper bearing quality shall be designated with a suffix Cu.1 The position from which test samples are taken shall be so located in the product as to yield the clearest possible information regarding properties in the cross-sectional and longitudinal planes.
65√So in accordance with IS 3803 (Part 1). 10 TENSILE TEST 10.65√So should be used for the tensile test. If this is not possible.2 Tensile Test Pieces The tensile strength. 9. the test may be discarded at the manufacturer/supplier’s option and another test made from the sample plate. yield strength and percentage elongation of steel shall be determined from standard test pieces cut crosswise from plates and strips and lengthwise from sections.1 Number of Tensile Tests
Number of test samples shall be 2 per cast/heat and a class of steel product irrespective of cast/heat size. bend tests shall be carried out on rectangular test samples which as far as possible should be of the full thickness of the product. Any slight straightening of test samples which may be required shall be done cold. the limits of sizes given in Table 2 shall be applied according to the actual maximum thickness of the piece adopted for testing.
.Doc: MTD 4(5005)
rectangular test samples taken from plates exceeding 32mm in thickness. flat or bar. 9.2. 10. no machining whatever. In case of plates the number of plates in each cast shall also be given. 10.9 Test samples shall not be subjected to heat treatment unless the material from which they are cut is similarly and simultaneously treated with the material before testing. prior to use as a test piece.3. full particulars regarding cast number.3 Tensile Test
Yield strength. 10. The rolled surface of the test piece shall be on the outer side of the bend during the test. 10.65√So may be used in which case the elongation values shall be converted to 5. 10. In case of plates. strip. but should only be adopted for thickness exceeding 20mm. 9. when determined in accordance with IS 1608. it is permissible to remove metal from one side of the test sample before using it as a test piece. For bars having diameters or thicknesses exceeding 71 mm. tensile strength and percentage elongation. 1. 9. test pieces with a proportional gauge length complying with the requirements Lo=5. permitted.
Round test samples are
9. the test sample shall undergo. where Lo is the gauge length and So is the crosssectional area of the test piece. the bars may be symmetrically reduced by machining. if possible.1 As a rule.1 Test pieces with a non-proportional gauge length. an adequate allowance shall be left for removal by machining. the thickness of which is not uniform throughout the profile. sections.1 In case of sections. sections and flats exceeding 28mm in thickness. strips. flats and bars. shall conform to the requirements as given in Table 2.1. other than 5. section. The test shall be carried out as on the standard test pieces prepared in accordance with IS 1608. In case of bars having diameters or thickness between 28mm and 71mm.4 In case of flats up to 16mm thick.8 Test samples shall be cut in such a manner that the deformation is avoided as far as possible.3. size and mass of plates. sections and flats.5 Bars below 28mm shall be tested without machining.2. 10.6 In case of plates.7 Before test samples are detached. strips. 9. the test sample may be taken from the position shown in Fig. If shearing of flame-cutting is employed. the test sample shall undergo the minimum amount of machining.2 Should a tensile test piece break outside the middle half of the gauge length (see IS 1608) and the percentage elongation obtained is less than that specified. flats and bars in each cast shall be furnished by the manufacturer to the purchaser.
11 BEND TEST 11. If the manufacturer/supplier so desires. round. When section permits.2 Bend Test Piece Direction of Bend Tests Crosswise Lengthwise for each type Lengthwise Number of Bend Test shall be 2 per cast/heat
The test pieces shall be cut crosswise from plates and strips and lengthwise from sections.
. hexagonal and flat bars and structural sections shall be bent in the full section as rolled. flats and bars. Sections Flats and bars (round Hexagonal. these shall be not less than 40 mm wide.1 Number of Bend Test Class of Steel Product Plates strips. etc) 11. square.
the test piece at room temperature shall withstand bending through 180o to an internal diameter not greater than that given in Table 2 without cracking.4 psi
. 1MPa = 1N/mm2 = 1MN/m2 = 0.3 Bend Test
Bend test shall be conducted in accordance with IS 1599. For sub-quality BR. The notch axis shall be perpendicular to the rolled surface.1 In all bend test pieces.2. if required.3. at room temperature (25+2°C).65 √So (6) (7) 23
Internal Bend Diameter Min
<25 (8) 2t
>25 (9) 3t
(1) E 250
570 650 730 780
450 550 600 650
430 530 580 630
420 520 570 620
2.5t 4.102 kgf/mm2 = 144.0t 3. impact test is optional. Lo=5. 11.5t 3.1 Impact test shall normally be carried out on products having thickness/diameter greater than or equal to 12mm. Table 2 Mechanical Properties (Clause 5)
Tensile Strength Grade Designation Quality Rm Min MPa
Yield Stress ReH Min MPa <20 (4) 250 2040 (5) 240
Percentage Elongation A Min at Gauge Length.Doc: MTD 4(5005)
11. The test specimen is parallel to the direction of rolling and the base closer to the rolled surface is more than 1mm from it. 11. lower minimum limit of Tensile strength may be mutually agreed to between the purchaser and manufacturer/supplier Bend test not required for thickness > 25 mm for grades E300 to E650.1 For bend test. 12 IMPACT TEST 12. ‘t’ is the thickness of the test piece.0t
Temp Deg C (10) RT 0 (-) 20 RT 0 (-) 20 RT 0 (-) 20 RT 0 (-) 20 RT 0 (-) 20 RT RT RT RT
Min J (11) 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 25 25 25 20 15 15 15
In case of product thickness / diameter more than 100mm. the rough edge arises resulting from shearing may be removed by filing or grinding or machining but the test pieces shall receive no other preparation.
the whole cast shall be deemed to meet the requirements of the test.2 This test is carried out using a V-notch test piece (see IS 1757) the value for consideration being the arithmetic mean of the results obtained on three test pieces taken side by side from the same product (see Table 2). E350. For other grades. if not. 2 for grades E225. this particular thickness as also other sections of lower thickness shall be deemed to satisfy the specification. if it meets the requirements specified. 12. 12. E300. If the test sample taken from the thickest product rolled from a cast meets the requirements. impact tests may be carried out on products having a thickness less than 12mm.Doc: MTD 4(5005)
12. the values shall be reduced in direct proportion to the cross-sectional area of the test piece. The minimum impact energy values of reduced sizes shall be as shown in Fig. E250.
. the dimensions of the test pieces shall be in conformity with IS 1757.3.1.1 If stated in the order. the test shall be carried out on the next lower thickness and so on.3 The test sample shall be taken from the thickest product. 12. the test shall be performed on a section of next lower thickness rolled from same cast. because the toughness of the product will be dependent on the rolling direction as well as on the section size. If this thickness also does not meet the requirements.1 One test sample shall be taken from thickest product per cast/heat.
if the average value of 3 test specimens. If the average value of the three Charpy impact tests fails to comply by an amount not exceeding 15 percent of the specified minimum average value. 14. channel and angle sections Tee bars Bulb angles Plates.
14 OTHER TESTS 14. strips and flats Round and square bars Bulb flats Sheet piling sections Channel sections Track shoe sections Parallel beam sections and column Relevant Indian Standard (3) IS 808 IS 1173 IS 1252 IS 1730 IS 1732 IS 1863 IS 2314 IS 3954 IS 10182(Part 1) IS 10182:(Part 2) IS 12778
Unless otherwise agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer. the nominal dimensions of rolled products conforming to this standard shall be in accordance with the relevant Indian Standard. Other tolerances may be followed within the total tolerance range as specified in IS 1852 and IS 12779 as applicable. 15 DIMENSIONS
Unless otherwise agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. three additional test pieces from the same sample shall be tested and the results added to those previously obtained and a new average calculated.1 The material may be subjected to non-destructive testing to determine the soundness of material subject to mutual agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. if specifically agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. the rolling and cutting tolerances for steel products conforming to this standard shall be those specified in IS 1852 except for parallel flange beams and columns covered by IS 12778 for which the tolerances shall be as per IS 12779:1989. (1) i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x) Products (2) Beam.
. Table 4 Indian Standards Which Give Nominal Dimensions of Rolled Steel Products (Clause 15)
NOTE – The Y groove crackability test will not be applicable for rounds and it is mainly for plates and sections. column. Provided this new average complies with the specified requirement. inclusion content may be carried out subject to mutual agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. the material represented shall be deemed to comply with this standard.4 The material represented shall be deemed to comply with the standard. directionality. meets the requirements given in Table 2 provided no individual value shall be less than 70 percent of the specified value.Doc: MTD 4(5005)
12.2 Metallurgical tests for grain size. Currently available Indian Standard are listed in Table 4. 13 Y GROOVE CRACKABILITY TEST
Y groove crackability tests may be carried out in accordance with IS 10842 for products of only Grade E 250 C material having thickness 12 mm and above.
4 BIS Certification Marking
The material may also be marked with Standard Mark.2 Every heavy. 20. with the exception of round. Plates produced from strip in coil form shall be marked with cast/heat number on top plate of each pile/packet. as agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. two further samples shall be selected for testing in respect of each failure.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act. Should the test pieces from both these additional samples pass. the material represented by the test -samples shall be considered as not having complied with this standard.
The mass of steel shall be calculated on the basis that steel weighs 7. 20. 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder.85 g/cm3 . Should the test pieces from either of these additional samples fail. medium structural mill and plate mill product shall be marked with the cast number.3 The ends of the rolled products shall be painted with a colour code. square and hexagonal bars and flats. Bars and flats shall carry a tag bearing the manufacturer’s name or trade-mark. the manufacturer has the right to carry out reprocessing of non-conforming products. shall carry a tag or be marked with the manufacturer’s name or trade-mark. However.1 Each product.17
Should any one of test pieces first selected does not pass any of the tests specified in this standard.4. 20 MARKING
20. and to submit these products as a new lot for testing of all properties. 20.
. 19 DELIVERY
Subject to prior agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer/supplier. suitable protective treatment may be given to the material after rolling. The details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards. the material represented by the test samples shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of that particular test. either before or after the retests. Designation of steel should also be similarly marked on the product or tag. 20.
Number and Title :
Clause / Subclause / Para No.No. commented (2)
FORMAT FOR SENDING COMMENTS ON BIS DOCUMENTS NAME OF THE COMMENTATOR / ORGANIZATION :
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