Source: https://ihl-in-action.icrc.org/print/20999
Timestamp: 2020-07-09 14:28:02
Document Index: 534213553

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art. 2', 'Art. 3', 'Art. 1', 'Art. 1', 'Art. 1', 'Art. 4', 'Art. 43', 'Arts 35', 'Art. 3', 'Arts 4', 'Art. 3', 'ART/370']

Home > Turkey, PKK Rules for the Conduct of Hostilities
[Source: Abdullah Ocalan, PKK Statement to the United Nations, 24 January 1995, available at http://theirwords.org/media/transfer/doc/tr_pkk_hpg_1995_01-90c5d761c7a40e338ec2bcec99fee78f.pdf [1]]
[James Ron, Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey, November 1995, Human Rights Watch, available at: https://www.hrw.org/reports/1995/Turkey.htm [2]]
[Source: PKK/HPG, To Geneva Call: Rules for the Conduct of Hostilities, 2011, available at http://theirwords.org/media/transfer/doc/ut_tr_pkk_hpg_2011_04_eng-c4389828932861eb8ccc1dd849ae7603.pdf [3]]
[Source: Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security, Review of the re-listing of Al-Shabaab, Hamas' Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and Palestinian Islamic Jihad as terrorist organisations, 12 October 2015, available at: http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Joint/Intelligence_and_Security/5_relistings/Report [4]]
[Source: Human Rights Watch, World Report: Turkey, 2006, available at: https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/country-chapters/turkey [5]]
1. From the information provided in the documents above, how would you classify the situation between Turkey and the PKK? What additional information would you require? (GC I-IV, Art. 2 [6] and Art. 3 [7]; P I, Art. 1 [8]; P II, Art. 1 [9])
2. What is the applicable law? Why does the PKK refer to the Additional Protocol I? Do you think it applies to this situation? (P I, Art. 1 [10])
3. Who may be lawfully targeted in a non-international armed conflict under IHL? A State’s armed forces? Can the definitions of members of the armed forces in the Third Geneva Convention Article 4A and/or Additional Protocol I Article 43 be used in a non-international armed conflict for assessing whether they are targetable? (GC III, Art. 4 [11]; P I, Art. 43 [12])
6. Under IHL, is there any obligation to use non-lethal means when possible? Is there any obligation to arrest rather than kill an enemy fighter? (P I, Arts 35(1) [13]; 51(5)(b) [14]; CIHL, Rule 14 [15])
7. Under the law governing non-international armed conflicts, do non-state armed groups have the right to detain members of the State armed forces? The right to prosecute them? What protections are afforded detained members of the State armed forces? (GC I-IV, Art. 3 [16]; P II, Arts 4 [17], 5 [18], 6 [19]; See also Procedural principles and safeguards for internment/administrative detention in armed conflict and other situations of violence [20]).
12. In your opinion, are either Document A and/or C “special agreements”, as provided for in Common Article 3? (GCI-IV, Art. 3 [16]).
Source URL: https://ihl-in-action.icrc.org/case-study/turkey-pkk-rules-conduct-hostilities
[1] http://theirwords.org/media/transfer/doc/tr_pkk_hpg_1995_01-90c5d761c7a40e338ec2bcec99fee78f.pdf
[2] https://www.hrw.org/reports/1995/Turkey.htm
[3] http://theirwords.org/media/transfer/doc/ut_tr_pkk_hpg_2011_04_eng-c4389828932861eb8ccc1dd849ae7603.pdf
[4] http://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Joint/Intelligence_and_Security/5_relistings/Report
[5] https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/country-chapters/turkey
[6] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=181EA2EC6FCCD2B4C12563CD0051A4E9
[7] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/ART/370-580006?OpenDocument
[10] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=6C86520D7EFAD527C12563CD0051D63C
[12] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=AF64638EB5530E58C12563CD0051DB93
[13] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=0DF4B935977689E8C12563CD0051DAE4
[14] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=4BEBD9920AE0AEAEC12563CD0051DC9E
[15] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v1_rul_rule14
[16] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=BAA341028EBFF1E8C12563CD00519E66
[17] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=F9CBD575D47CA6C8C12563CD0051E783
[18] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=2739F5E7A6BD992CC12563CD0051E7B6
[19] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=DDA40E6D88861483C12563CD0051E7F2
[20] https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/article/review/review-858-p375.htm