Source: http://www.sinistraeuromediterranea.it/component/k2/966-la-corte-costituzionale-d%C3%A0-ragione-alla-fiom.html
Timestamp: 2019-02-22 11:23:11+00:00
Document Index: 132659414

Matched Legal Cases: ['sentenza ', 'art. 19', 'art. 19', 'sentenza ', 'art. 28', 'sentenza ', 'art. 39']

23 luglio 2013. Dichiarazione di Maurizio Landini
"Le motivazioni rese note oggi dalla Consulta confermano l’importanza fondamentale della nostra Costituzione nel suo ruolo di garante della democrazia, della libertà e dell’eguaglianza dei cittadini nei luoghi di lavoro.”
“E’ un giorno felice per le lavoratrici e i lavoratori del nostro Paese.
Comunicato collegio difensivo Fiom-Cgil
Con sentenza n. 231 depositata il 23 luglio 2013, la Corte Costituzionale ha specificato le
ragioni per cui ha dichiarato l’illegittimità incostituzionale dell’art. 19, primo comma, lett. b)
dello Statuto dei Lavoratori “nella parte in cui non prevede che la rappresentanza sindacale
aziendale sia costituita anche nell'ambito di associazioni sindacali che, pur non firmatarie di
contratti collettivi applicati nell'unità produttiva, abbiano comunque partecipato alla
negoziazione relativa agli stessi contratti, quali rappresentanti dei lavoratori dell'azienda",
come già anticipato nel comunicato dato alla stampa dalla stessa Corte nell’imminenza della
stessa udienza del 3 luglio 2013.
La Corte accoglie in pieno le considerazioni in diritto proposte dal Tribunale del lavoro di
Modena (e fatte proprie anche dai Tribunali di Vercelli e di Torino), respingendo le avverse
argomentazioni della Fiat e della stessa Avvocatura Generale dello Stato e prendendo atto
delle numerose pronunce della stessa Corte sia precedenti che successive al referendum del
La Corte dà atto “del dibattito critico” sviluppatosi dalla seconda metà degli anni Ottanta “in
vista di una esigenza di revisione del meccanismo selettivo della maggiore rappresentatività
previsto ai fini della costituzione delle rappresentanze nei luoghi di lavoro” e “dell’attuale
mutato scenario delle relazioni sindacali e delle strategie imprenditoriali”, come diffusamente
descritto nelle ordinanze di remissione in conseguenza del quale “dalla mancata sottoscrizione
del contratto collettivo è derivata la negazione di una rappresentatività che esiste, invece, nei
fatti e nel consenso dei lavoratori addetti all’unità produttiva”.
Questa nuova prospettiva, secondo la Corte, impone “una rilettura dell’art. 19, primo comma
lett. b) che ne riallinei il contenuto precettivo alla ratio che lo sottende”. In altre parole,
richiede un “intervento additivo” che renda conforme il criterio di rappresentatività individuato
dalla legge con lo spirito e le finalità della legge stessa.
Mentre la difesa della Fiat auspicava esplicitamente che venisse rimarcata la “logica premiale”
nei confronti del sindacato disponibile alla firma del contratto rispetto a quello conflittuale, la
Corte ha invece evidenziato che così la norma si tradurrebbe in una “forma impropria di
sanzione del dissenso" rispetto a chi assume un “atteggiamento consonante con l’impresa”. In
questo modo verrebbe condizionata la “libertà del sindacato in ordine alla scelta delle forme di
tutela ritenute più appropriate per i suoi rappresentati” mentre, per l'altro verso, vi sarebbe il
rischio di favorire “un illegittimo accordo ad excludendum".
Con la sentenza della Consulta pluralismo e libertà sindacale trovano così una tutela piena “a
valle”, al momento della decisione se sottoscrivere o meno un determinato contratto collettivo,
decisione che non può essere in alcun modo condizionata dall’effetto automatico di
estromissione dalle prerogative sindacali. La Corte infatti opportunamente puntualizza che la
tutela, azionabile ai sensi dell’art. 28 dello Statuto, esiste anche “a monte” in quanto
all’organizzazione sindacale, in ragione della sua acquisita rappresentatività, non può essere
negato l’accesso al tavolo delle trattative.
La sentenza conclude evidenziando come non rientri nei suoi poteri affrontare il più generale
problema della mancata attuazione dell’art. 39 della Costituzione né individuare un criterio
selettivo della rappresentanza sindacale, ai fini del riconoscimento della tutela privilegiata dello
Statuto: peraltro, nell’indicare nel legislatore il soggetto competente a intervenire in tal senso,
suggerisce, astrattamente, una molteplicità di soluzioni, la prima delle quali è proprio la
“valorizzazione dell’indice di rappresentatività costituito dal numero degli iscritti” che è proprio
quello individuato – unitamente a quello della rappresentatività elettiva – dalla recente Intesa
sottoscritta il 31 maggio 2013 dal Cgil, Cisl, Uil e Confindustria attuativa dell’Accordo
interconfederale del 28 giugno 2013.
Prof. Avv. Amos Andreoni
Avv. Lello Ferrara
Prof. Avv. Franco Focareta
Avv. Enzo Martino
Avv. Pier Luigi Panici
Avv. Elena Poli
Avv. Emilia Recchi
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