Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US8107531?dq=5319712
Timestamp: 2014-07-28 13:10:26
Document Index: 350064708

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2']

Patent US8107531 - Signaling and repeat padding for skip frames - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsA video codec efficiently signals that a frame is identical to its reference frame, such that separate coding of its picture content is skipped. Information that a frame is skipped is represented jointly in a coding table of a frame coding type element for bit rate efficiency in signaling. Further, the...http://www.google.com/patents/US8107531?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8107531 - Signaling and repeat padding for skip framesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS8107531 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/987,521Publication dateJan 31, 2012Filing dateNov 12, 2004Priority dateSep 7, 2003Also published asUS20050152457Publication number10987521, 987521, US 8107531 B2, US 8107531B2, US-B2-8107531, US8107531 B2, US8107531B2InventorsShankar Regunathan, Chih-Lung Lin, Thomas W. Holcomb, Jie Liang, Ming-Chieh Lee, Pohsiang HsuOriginal AssigneeMicrosoft CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (106), Non-Patent Citations (49), Referenced by (1), Classifications (43), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSignaling and repeat padding for skip framesUS 8107531 B2Abstract A video codec efficiently signals that a frame is identical to its reference frame, such that separate coding of its picture content is skipped. Information that a frame is skipped is represented jointly in a coding table of a frame coding type element for bit rate efficiency in signaling. Further, the video codec signals the picture type (e.g., progressive or interlaced) of skipped frames, which permits different repeat padding methods to be applied according to the picture type.
RELATED APPLICATION INFORMATION This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/934,117, entitled, �SIGNALING FOR FIELD ORDERING AND FIELD/FRAME DISPLAY REPETITION,� filed Sep. 4, 2004, which application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/501,081, entitled �Video Encoding and Decoding Tools and Techniques,� filed Sep. 7, 2003, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
This application also is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/960,384, entitled, �EFFICIENT REPEAT PADDING FOR HYBRID VIDEO SEQUENCE WITH ARBITRARY VIDEO RESOLUTION,� filed Oct. 6, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD The technical field relates to video coding and decoding, and more particularly to signaling and repeat padding of skipped frames in coding and decoding of skipped frames in a video sequence.
As previously remarked, interframe compression typically is performed by performing motion estimation and prediction for the macroblocks in a predicted frame with respect to a reference intra-coded frame. Some previously existing video systems have permitted the motion estimation to extend beyond the active picture contents of the reference intra-coded frame. In some such cases, the video systems have derived the �content� outside the picture by repeating the pixels of the picture edge to �fill� an extended region that may be used for motion estimation purposes. For example, the bottom row of the picture is repeated to vertically expand the picture downward to fill an extended motion estimation region below the picture. Likewise, the top row, left and right columns are repeated at top left and right sides to provide extended motion estimation regions at those sides of the reference picture. This process of filling areas outside the active picture content is sometimes referred to as �repeat padding.�
SUMMARY Various video codec tools and techniques described herein provide for efficient signaling and repeat padding of skipped frames. More particularly, the described video codec efficiently signal that a frame is identical to its reference frame, and therefore coding of its picture content is skipped.
Further, the described embodiments include a way to efficient signal different types of skipped frames. In one example, progressive skip frame and interlaced skip frames can be signaled. This allows the repeat padding method of a skipped frame to be varied. The repeat padding of progressive pictures is done by repeating the edges of the active video boundary to fill out the expanded region. More specifically, the edge row of the active content is repeated to pad the picture vertically, while the edge column of the active content is repeated to pad the picture horizontally. Repeat padding of interlaced content pictures, on the other hand, is accomplished by repeating the last two edges rows of the active video (i.e., the last row of each interlaced field) to pad the picture vertically, whereas the edge column is repeated to pad horizontally. This repeat padding using the active video boundary has the benefit of serving as better prediction area for the following frames. For a subsequent predictively coded frame, a macroblock's motion vector can point to the expanded region. This typically provides a better prediction of the macroblock in the predicted frame, often resulting in a zero or minimal block error signal that can be more efficiently encoded. The encoder thus can effectively �zero�-out the information that otherwise has to be transmitted for the expanded region.
The compressed video bit stream can contain one or more entry points. As discussed more fully in Holcomb et al., �Signaling Valid Entry Points In A Video Stream,� U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/882,739, filed Jun. 30, 2004 [hereafter the �Entry-Point Patent Application�], and claiming priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/520,543, filed Nov. 13, 2003, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference, valid entry points in a bitstream are locations in an elementary bitstream from which a system (e.g., a receiver, a video splicer, a commercial insertion tool, a video editor, a summarization engine, etc.) can decode or process the bitstream without the need of any preceding information (bits) in the bitstream. Frames that can be decoded without reference to preceding frames are typically referred to as �key� frames.
FCM 920 is a variable length codeword [�VLC�] used to indicate the picture coding type. FCM takes on values for frame coding modes as shown in Table 1 below:
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