Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/356496674/Art-1528-1581
Timestamp: 2018-10-16 09:48:39
Document Index: 360546927

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art 1528', 'Art. 1530', 'Art. 1555', 'Art. 1557', 'Art. 1562', 'Art. 1573', 'Art. 1581', 'Art 1528']

Art 1528-1581 | Implied Warranty | Contract Law
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Where an unpaid seller has made part delivery of the goods, he may
exercise his right of lien on the remainder, unless such part delivery has been
made under such circumstances as to show an intent to waive the lien or right of
retention. (n)
(1) When he delivers the goods to a carrier or other bailee for the purpose of
transmission to the buyer without reserving the ownership in the goods or the
right to the possession thereof;
The unpaid seller of goods, having a lien thereon, does not lose his lien by reason
only that he has obtained judgment or decree for the price of the goods. (n)
Art. 1530. Subject to the provisions of this Title, when the buyer of goods is or
becomes insolvent, the unpaid seller who has parted with the possession of the
goods has the right of stopping them in transitu, that is to say, he may resume
possession of the goods at any time while they are in transit, and he will then
become entitled to the same rights in regard to the goods as he would have had if
he had never parted with the possession. (n)
(1) From the time when they are delivered to a carrier by land, water, or air, or
other bailee for the purpose of transmission to the buyer, until the buyer, or his
agent in that behalf, takes delivery of them from such carrier or other bailee;
to be effectual. (n) Art. the carrier or other bailee acknowledges to the buyer or his agent that he holds the goods on his behalf and continues in possession of them as bailee for the buyer or his agent. 1532. unless such part delivery has been under such circumstances as to show an agreement with the buyer to give up possession of the whole of the goods. If the goods are delivered to a ship.(2) If the goods are rejected by the buyer. must be given at such time and under . or airplane chartered by the buyer. or his agent in that behalf. obtains delivery of the goods before their arrival at the appointed destination. The unpaid seller may exercise his right of stoppage in transitu either by obtaining actual possession of the goods or by giving notice of his claim to the carrier or other bailee in whose possession the goods are. truck. it is a question depending on the circumstances of the particular case. and it is immaterial that further destination for the goods may have been indicated by the buyer. or his agent in that behalf. (2) If. whether they are in the possession of the carrier as such or as agent of the buyer. even if the seller has refused to receive them back. after the arrival of the goods at the appointed destination. freight train. Goods are no longer in transit within the meaning of the preceding article: (1) If the buyer. If part delivery of the goods has been made to the buyer. Such notice may be given either to the person in actual possession of the goods or to his principal. (3) If the carrier or other bailee wrongfully refuses to deliver the goods to the buyer or his agent in that behalf. and the carrier or other bailee continues in possession of them. the remainder of the goods may be stopped in transitu. In the latter case the notice.
If. 1533. But where the right to resell is not based on the perishable nature of the goods or upon an express provision of the contract of sale. The expenses of such delivery must be borne by the seller. however. but may recover from the buyer damages for any loss occasioned by the breach of the contract of sale. he shall not obliged to deliver or justified in delivering the goods to the seller unless such document is first surrendered for cancellation. a negotiable document of title representing the goods has been issued by the carrier or other bailee. may prevent a delivery to the buyer. as authorized in this article. or according to the directions of. or where the buyer has been in default in the payment of the price for an unreasonable time. It is not essential to the validity of resale that notice of an intention to resell the goods be given by the seller to the original buyer. he must redeliver the goods to. by the exercise of reasonable diligence. or other bailee in possession of the goods. When notice of stoppage in transitu is given by the seller to the carrier. . the giving or failure to give such notice shall be relevant in any issue involving the question whether the buyer had been in default for an unreasonable time before the resale was made.such circumstances that the principal. Where the goods are of perishable nature. It is not essential to the validity of a resale that notice of the time and place of such resale should be given by the seller to the original buyer. He shall not thereafter be liable to the original buyer upon the contract of sale or for any profit made by such resale. Where a resale is made. an unpaid seller having a right of lien or having stopped the goods in transitu may resell the goods. or where the seller expressly reserves the right of resale in case the buyer should make default. (n) Art. the seller. the buyer acquires a good title as against the original buyer.
If.The seller is bound to exercise reasonable care and judgment in making a resale. of the seller's claim to a lien or right of stoppage in transitu. whether such negotiation be prior or subsequent to the notification to the carrier. He cannot. (n) Art. The seller shall not thereafter be liable to the buyer upon the contract of sale. no seller's lien or right of stoppage in transitu shall defeat the right of any purchaser for value in good faith to whom such document has been negotiated. Subject to the provisions of this Title. or other bailee who issued such document. directly or indirectly buy the goods. may rescind the transfer of title and resume the ownership in the goods. but the giving or failure to give notice to the buyer of the intention to rescind shall be relevant in any issue involving the question whether the buyer had been in default for an unreasonable time before the right of rescission was asserted. and subject to this requirement may make a resale either by public or private sale. It is not necessary that such overt act should be communicated to the buyer. An unpaid seller having the right of lien or having stopped the goods in transitu. where he expressly reserved the right to do so in case the buyer should make default. or other disposition of the goods which the buyer may have made. but may recover from the buyer damages for any loss occasioned by the breach of the contract. The transfer of title shall not be held to have been rescinded by an unpaid seller until he has manifested by notice to the buyer or by some other overt act an intention to rescind. 1534. unless the seller has assented thereto. however. (n) . the unpaid seller's right of lien or stoppage in transitu is not affected by any sale. or where the buyer has been in default in the payment of the price for an unreasonable time. however. 1535. a negotiable document of title has been issued for goods. (n) Art.
the rules in Article 1189 shall be observed. the lack in the area be not less than one-tenth of that stated. all that may have been stated in the contract. 1536. if any part of the immovable is not of the quality specified in the contract. should this be not possible. 1538. The vendor is bound to deliver the thing sold and its accessions and accessories in the condition in which they were upon the perfection of the contract. In case of loss. (n) Art. (1467a) Art. if the latter should demand it. deterioration or improvement of the thing before its delivery. . All the fruits shall pertain to the vendee from the day on which the contract was perfected. the vendee may choose between a proportional reduction of the price and the rescission of the contract. The vendor is not bound to deliver the thing sold in case the vendee should lose the right to make use of the terms as provided in Article 1198. but. provided that. in conformity with the following rules: If the sale of real estate should be made with a statement of its area. The same shall be done. 1539. (1468a) Art. in the latter case. 1537. the vendor being considered the debtor.Art. the vendor shall be obliged to deliver to the vendee. The obligation to deliver the thing sold includes that of placing in the control of the vendee all that is mentioned in the contract. even when the area is the same. at the rate of a certain price for a unit of measure or number.
he may rescind the sale. The provisions of the two preceding articles shall apply to judicial sales. should he not be able to do so. in proportion to what is lacking in the area or number. (1470a) Art. shall only take place at the will of the vendee. which is indispensable in every conveyance of real estate. even when it exceeds the area or number specified in the contract. there shall be no increase or decrease of the price. he must pay for the same at the contract rate. Nevertheless. 1541. unless the contract is rescinded because the vendee does not accede to the failure to deliver what has been stipulated. there is a greater area or number in the immovable than that stated in the contract. he shall suffer a reduction in the price. made for a lump sum and not at the rate of a certain sum for a unit of measure or number. although there be a greater or less area or number than that stated in the contract. The same rule shall be applied when two or more immovables as sold for a single price. if the vendee would not have bought the immovable had he known of its smaller area of inferior quality. and. its area or number should be designated in the contract. the vendee may accept the area included in the contract and reject the rest. when the inferior value of the thing sold exceeds one-tenth of the price agreed upon. (1469a) Art. In the sale of real estate. but if. 1542. If he accepts the whole area. If.The rescission. the vendor shall be bound to deliver all that is included within said boundaries. besides mentioning the boundaries. 1540. in this case. (n) Art. in the case of the preceding article. (1471) .
Where the ownership in the thing has not passed.Conditions and Warranties Art. and. to the person who presents the oldest title. the ownership shall be transferred to the person who may have first taken possession thereof in good faith. the ownership shall belong to the person acquiring it who in good faith first recorded it in the Registry of Property. (1472a) Art. (n) . provided there is good faith. The actions arising from Articles 1539 and 1542 shall prescribe in six months. 1545. Where the obligation of either party to a contract of sale is subject to any condition which is not performed. (1473) SECTION 3. if it should be movable property. in the absence thereof. 1543. If the same thing should have been sold to different vendees. Should it be immovable property. Should there be no inscription. such party may refuse to proceed with the contract or he may waive performance of the condition.Art. counted from the day of delivery. If the other party has promised that the condition should happen or be performed. the ownership shall pertain to the person who in good faith was first in the possession. the buyer may treat the fulfillment by the seller of his obligation to deliver the same as described and as warranted expressly or by implication in the contract of sale as a condition of the obligation of the buyer to perform his promise to accept and pay for the thing. 1544. such first mentioned party may also treat the nonperformance of the condition as a breach of warranty. .
1548. In a contract of sale. Eviction shall take place whenever by a final judgment based on a right prior to the sale or an act imputable to the vendor. 1547. Any affirmation of fact or any promise by the seller relating to the thing is an express warranty if the natural tendency of such affirmation or promise is to induce the buyer to purchase the same. No affirmation of the value of the thing. or other person professing to sell by virtue of authority in fact or law. nor any statement purporting to be a statement of the seller's opinion only. mortgagee. be held to render liable a sheriff. for the sale of a thing in which a third person has a legal or equitable interest. .Art. auctioneer. and that the buyer shall from that time have and enjoy the legal and peaceful possession of the thing. (2) An implied warranty that the thing shall be free from any hidden faults or defects. however. there is: (1) An implied warranty on the part of the seller that he has a right to sell the thing at the time when the ownership is to pass. and if the buyer purchase the thing relying thereon. unless the seller made such affirmation or statement as an expert and it was relied upon by the buyer. shall be construed as a warranty. (n) SUBSECTION 1. 1546. The vendor shall answer for the eviction even though nothing has been said in the contract on the subject. . or any charge or encumbrance not declared or known to the buyer.Warranty in Case of Eviction Art. pledgee. the vendee is deprived of the whole or of a part of the thing purchased. unless a contrary intention appears. This Article shall not. (n) Art.
(1475a) Art. if he acted in bad faith. The vendee need not appeal from the decision in order that the vendor may become liable for eviction. the vendor shall not be liable for eviction. 1550. (n) Art. the vendor is liable for eviction. diminish. Any stipulation exempting the vendor from the obligation to answer for eviction shall be void. 1549. 1554. may increase. When adverse possession had been commenced before the sale but the prescriptive period is completed after the transfer. unless it is otherwise decreed in the judgment. (n) Art. The judgment debtor is also responsible for eviction in judicial sales. (1477) Art. (n) Art. the vendor shall not be liable. in case eviction occurs. and eviction should take place. or suppress this legal obligation of the vendor. If the vendee has renounced the right to warranty in case of eviction. When the warranty has been agreed upon or nothing has been stipulated on this point. Should the vendee have made the waiver with knowledge of the risks of eviction and assumed its consequences. If the property is sold for nonpayment of taxes due and not made known to the vendee before the sale. 1553. (n) Art. 1555. the vendee shall have the right to demand of the vendor: . (1476) Art.The contracting parties. the vendor shall only pay the value which the thing sold had at the time of the eviction. however. 1552. 1551.
He may exercise this right of action. that he would not have bought it without said part. if he has been ordered to deliver them to the party who won the suit against him. (2) The income or fruits. if the vendee has paid them. 1556. those of the suit brought against the vendor for the warranty. and ornamental expenses. The same rule shall be observed when two or more things have been jointly sold for a lump sum. be it greater or less than the price of the sale. if it should clearly appear that the vendee would not have purchased one without the other. but with the obligation to return the thing without other encumbrances that those which it had when he acquired it. (4) The expenses of the contract. (1479a) Art. 1557. (5) The damages and interests. Should the vendee lose. instead of enforcing the vendor's liability for eviction. by reason of the eviction.(1) The return of the value which the thing sold had at the time of the eviction. in relation to the whole. a part of the thing sold of such importance. (3) The costs of the suit which caused the eviction. The warranty cannot be enforced until a final judgment has been rendered. or for a separate price for each of them. in a proper case. (1480) . (1478) Art. and. whereby the vendee loses the thing acquired or a part thereof. he may demand the rescission of the contract. if the sale was made in bad faith.
(1482a) Art. (1481a) Art. The defendant vendee shall ask. to be counted from the date on which he discovered the burden or servitude. not mentioned in the agreement.Art. the vendee may bring the action for rescission.Warranty Against Hidden Defects . 1558. The vendor shall not be obliged to make good the proper warranty. Within one year. that the vendor be made a co-defendant. or sue for damages. 1559. unless he is summoned in the suit for eviction at the instance of the vendee. . of such a nature that it must be presumed that the vendee would not have acquired it had he been aware thereof. 1560. he may only bring an action for damages within an equal period. If the immovable sold should be encumbered with any non-apparent burden or servitude. (1483a) SUBSECTION 2. unless he should prefer the appropriate indemnity. unless there is an express warranty that the thing is free from all burdens and encumbrances. within the time fixed in the Rules of Court for answering the complaint. Neither right can be exercised if the non- apparent burden or servitude is recorded in the Registry of Property. he may ask for the rescission of the contract. One year having elapsed. to be computed from the execution of the deed.
1563. there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be free from . The vendor shall be responsible for warranty against the hidden defects which the thing sold may have. or should they diminish its fitness for such use to such an extent that. (n) Art. makes known to the seller the particular purpose for which the goods are acquired. there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be of merchantable quality. should they render it unfit for the use for which it is intended. by reason of his trade or profession. and it appears that the buyer relies on the seller's skill or judgment (whether he be the grower or manufacturer or not). (1484a) Art. (2) Where the goods are brought by description from a seller who deals in goods of that description (whether he be the grower or manufacturer or not). In the case of a contract of sale by sample. had the vendee been aware thereof. expressly or by implication. 1561. 1562. as follows: (1) Where the buyer. (n) Art. (n) Art. or for those which are not visible if the vendee is an expert who. In the case of contract of sale of a specified article under its patent or other trade name. if the seller is a dealer in goods of that kind. 1564. unless there is a stipulation to the contrary. 1565. there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be reasonably fit for such purpose. but said vendor shall not be answerable for patent defects or those which may be visible. An implied warranty or condition as to the quality or fitness for a particular purpose may be annexed by the usage of trade. In a sale of goods. there is no warranty as to its fitness for any particular purpose. there is an implied warranty or condition as to the quality or fitness of the goods. should have known them.of or Encumbrances Upon the Thing Sold Art. he would not have acquired it or would have given a lower price for it.
(n) Art. the vendee may elect between withdrawing from the contract and demanding a proportionate reduction of the price. 1569. The vendor is responsible to the vendee for any hidden faults or defects in the thing sold. and the vendor was not aware of the hidden faults or defects in the thing sold. (1487a) Art. even though he was not aware thereof. If the thing sold had any hidden fault at the time of the sale. If he was not aware of them. The preceding articles of this Subsection shall be applicable to judicial sales. he shall pay damages to the vendee. 1568. If the vendor acted in bad faith. with damages. (1485) Art. 1562. and reimburse the expenses of the contract which the vendee might have paid. and should thereafter be lost by a fortuitous event or through the fault of the vendee. 1564. 1567. less the value which the thing had when it was lost. the latter may demand of the vendor the price which he paid. 1566.any defect rendering them unmerchantable which would not be apparent on reasonable examination of the sample. In the cases of Articles 1561. and shall be obliged to return the price and refund the expenses of the contract. 1570. he shall bear the loss. except that the judgment debtor shall not be liable for damages. This provision shall not apply if the contrary has been stipulated. (1488a) Art. If the thing sold should be lost in consequence of the hidden faults. with damages in either case. (1489a) . and the vendor was aware of them. he shall only return the price and interest thereon. 1565 and 1566. (1486a) Art.
A contract of sale of animals shall also be void if the use or service for which they are acquired has been stated in the contract. (1490) Art. yoke pair. (1493a) Art. or set is bought. even if a separate price has been fixed for each one of the animals composing the same. There is no warranty against hidden defects of animals sold at fairs or at public auctions. Actions arising from the provisions of the preceding ten articles shall be barred after six months. the redhibitory defect of one shall only give rise to its redhibition. 1575. The latter case shall be presumed when a team. and not that of the others. If two or more animals are sold together. (1491) Art. from the delivery of the thing sold. 1572. 1571. 1574. or of live stock sold as condemned. whether for a lump sum or for a separate price for each of them. unless it should appear that the vendee would not have purchased the sound animal or animals without the defective one.Art. (1494a) . The provisions of the preceding article with respect to the sale of animals shall in like manner be applicable to the sale of other things. The sale of animals suffering from contagious diseases shall be void. (1492) Art. 1573. and they are found to be unfit therefor.
the defect shall be considered as redhibitory. If the hidden defect of animals. (1499) Art. 1581. he shall be liable for damages. 1577. and not arising from the redhibitory fault or defect. but he must make use thereof within the same period which has been fixed for the exercise of the redhibitory action. If the animal should die within three days after its purchase. 1580. But if the veterinarian. the vendee shall also enjoy the right mentioned in article 1567. based on the faults or defects of animals. (1495) Art. (n) . the vendor shall be liable if the disease which cause the death existed at the time of the contract. 1576. (1498) Art. through ignorance or bad faith should fail to discover or disclose it. must be brought within forty days from the date of their delivery to the vendee. The redhibitory action. 1578. should be of such a nature that expert knowledge is not sufficient to discover it. The form of sale of large cattle shall be governed by special laws. (1496a) Art. (1497a) Art. In the sale of animals with redhibitory defects. the animal shall be returned in the condition in which it was sold and delivered. 1579.Art. This action can only be exercised with respect to faults and defects which are determined by law or by local customs. If the sale be rescinded. even in case a professional inspection has been made. the vendee being answerable for any injury due to his negligence.
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