Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP3941561B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-15 22:18:16
Document Index: 574719989

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 2', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 4', 'art 5', 'art 2', 'art 5']

JP3941561B2 - Double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment - Google Patents
Double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment Download PDF
JP3941561B2
JP3941561B2 JP2002088476A JP2002088476A JP3941561B2 JP 3941561 B2 JP3941561 B2 JP 3941561B2 JP 2002088476 A JP2002088476 A JP 2002088476A JP 2002088476 A JP2002088476 A JP 2002088476A JP 3941561 B2 JP3941561 B2 JP 3941561B2
JP2002088476A
JP2003161941A (en
卓 山本
昭正 結城
直人 菅原
2001-09-14 Priority to JP2001279527 priority Critical
2001-09-14 Priority to JP2001-279527 priority
2002-03-27 Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
2002-03-27 Priority to JP2002088476A priority patent/JP3941561B2/en
2003-06-06 Publication of JP2003161941A publication Critical patent/JP2003161941A/en
2007-07-04 Publication of JP3941561B2 publication Critical patent/JP3941561B2/en
The present invention relates to a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device capable of visually recognizing display images from both front and back surfaces, and information devices such as a mobile phone, a portable electronic notebook (PDA), and a wristwatch using the same.
As a conventional liquid crystal display device, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-326515 includes a reflective liquid crystal element having a reflector, and a front illumination device (front light) is disposed in front of the reflective liquid crystal element. For example, when there is a sufficient amount of ambient light, such as outdoors during the day, use the front light with the light turned off.When a sufficient amount of ambient light cannot be obtained, turn on the front light. A reflective liquid crystal display device that can be described is described.
Prior art 2.
Further, as another conventional liquid crystal display device, a transflective liquid crystal display device has been proposed in which reflective display using outside light is performed in a bright place and transmissive display is possible with a backlight in a dark place.
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-186362, as shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 19, a surface-side polarizing means, a surface-side transparent plate, a transmissive liquid crystal display unit, a back-side transparent plate, and a back-side polarizing means. A liquid crystal display panel 100 having a fluorescent lamp, a reflector, and a triangular light guide plate is provided on the opposite side (back side) of the liquid crystal display panel 100 to the observation side. Between the light 120 and the transmissive liquid crystal display unit, for example, it is composed of a half mirror or magic mirror with aluminum or the like deposited on a thin transparent film base, and the film base is attached to the back side of the back side polarizing means, for example. A transflective liquid crystal display device provided with the transflective reflecting means 110 is described. In FIG. 19, 130 is a diffuser plate such as a prism plate or a diffusion film, 140 is a circuit board for driving the liquid crystal display panel 100, and 150 is the liquid crystal display panel 100, the transflective reflecting means 110, and the backlight 120. , A housing that houses the diffuser plate 130 and the circuit board 140.
In the transflective liquid crystal display device configured as described above, when the surroundings are bright, the external light is taken in and reflected by the transflective reflecting means 110 as shown by an arrow b. When the surroundings become dark, the backlight 120 is turned on, and as shown by an arrow “a”, a transmissive display in which the display can be visually recognized by the light transmitted through the semi-transmissive reflecting means 110 is performed.
Prior art 3.
As another example of the transflective liquid crystal display device, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-083494 discloses a transparent first substrate 210 and a first substrate 210 as shown in a sectional view in FIG. Liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220, and a transparent second substrate 220 in which a color filter, a transparent electrode, an alignment film, and the like are disposed on the surface facing the first substrate 210. 230, a backlight 240 provided on the opposite side of the first substrate 210 to the liquid crystal 230, a transparent second insulating film 250 disposed on the side of the first substrate 210 facing the second substrate 220, and the first A reflective electrode 260 provided on the insulating film 250 and provided with an opening for transmitting light from the backlight 240; a transparent first insulating film 270 disposed on the reflective electrode layer 260; , The first was an alignment film 280 disposed on the insulating film 270 transflective liquid crystal display device is described. In FIG. 20, 291 is a polarizing plate, 292 is a retardation plate, and 293 is a sealing material.
In the transflective liquid crystal display device configured as described above, a reflective display using light reflected by the reflective electrode 260 by taking in external light, and an opening of the reflective electrode 260 emitted from the backlight 240. The display can be switched between the transmissive display using the transmitted light. Further, in this prior art 3, there is no transparent substrate between the reflecting means and the liquid crystal as in the prior art 2, and the parallax in the display image is reduced and the brightness in the display image is reduced to the extent that the optical path is shortened in the reflective display. It also improves.
Prior art 4.
Further, as a conventional information device, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-163638, as shown in a perspective view in FIG. 21, a first main body having various operation switches, and various information connected to the first main body so as to be openable and closable. A second main body having a liquid crystal display device for visual display, and capable of displaying a large screen image on the liquid crystal display device with the second main body opened, and is compact and suitable for carrying when the second main body is folded. A foldable mobile phone is described. In FIG. 21, reference numeral 301 denotes a first main body having various function switches 307 including character / numeral input switches, and 302 denotes a liquid crystal display device 304 that visually displays various types of information. 2 main bodies, 303 is a coupling portion between the first main body 301 and the second main body 302, 305 is an antenna, and 306 is a button switch that activates the in-range / out-of-range display function when operated with the second main body 302 closed. is there. 308 is a lamp that displays “in-range” or “out-of-range”. Specifically, “in-range” display is green, “out-of-range” display is red, and lighting / extinguishing lamps correspond to the respective status displays. By doing so, it is displayed whether it is “within range” or “out of range”.
In the information device configured as described above, when the button switch 306 is operated with the second main body 302 closed, the display lamp 308 makes it possible to easily recognize “in-range” or “out-of-range”.
The conventional liquid crystal display device is configured as described above, and in both the reflective liquid crystal display device and the transflective liquid crystal display device, there is only one display surface, and the liquid crystal that can be displayed on both the front and back surfaces. I didn't even think about the display device.
In addition, when the second main body is closed, the conventional foldable information device determines whether it is “out of range” or “out of range” depending on the color difference of the display lamp provided separately from the liquid crystal display device or whether it is turned on or off. Although it can be visually recognized, even when the second main body is closed, the display image by the liquid crystal display device cannot be visually recognized as in the opened state. As a countermeasure, it may be possible to provide a liquid crystal display device dedicated to the state in which the second main body is closed.
Prior art 5.
Further, as a conventional information device, for example, in a liquid crystal display device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-193957 and an electronic device using the same, as shown in FIG. One liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal 516 sandwiched between a first absorption polarizer 531, a second reflection polarizer 539 and a second absorption polarizer 519, and a light source light guide plate 512 provided on the outermost side. Device. When the surroundings are bright, the reflection type image using the external light a can be seen from both sides, and when the surroundings are dark, the light b is emitted from the light source light guide plate 512, and from the light source light guide plate 512 side. Through the light guide plate, a bright reflective screen can be seen, and from the opposite side, a bright transmitted image can be seen.
Here, 526 is a transparent electrode for driving the liquid crystal 516, and 550 is a scattering layer.
However, in the liquid crystal display device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-193958 and an electronic apparatus using the same, when the image is viewed from the side opposite to the light source light guide plate 512 when the surroundings are slightly bright, Since b is small, the brightness of the liquid crystal pixel driven by the transparent electrode 526 is insufficient so that the external light b is reflected by the first reflective polarizer 599 and displayed in white. At this time, even if the light source light guide plate 512 is turned on to emit light a in order to increase the brightness of the image, the light a polarized through the first reflective polarizer 599 and the first absorption polarizer 531 is In the liquid crystal pixel, since it is reflected by the second reflective polarizer 539, it cannot be transmitted and the brightness cannot be increased.
Conversely, in a liquid crystal pixel that is driven so that external light b passes through the first reflective polarizer 599 and is not reflected and displayed black, it passes through the first reflective polarizer 599 and the first absorption polarizer 531. Since the polarized light a can be transmitted without being reflected by the second reflective polarizer 539, the black display becomes bright and the contrast is lowered, so that the display quality is deteriorated.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems of the conventional ones, and provides a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device capable of displaying images with excellent display quality bright on both the front and back sides. The first purpose.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide an information device that can visually recognize a display image by the same liquid crystal display device in both the opened state and the closed state of the second main body without providing a new image display device. Objective.
Further, the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises a liquid crystal, first and second electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, first and second polarizing means disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween, A front light disposed on the side opposite to the liquid crystal of one polarizing means, and a semi-transmissive reflecting means that is disposed on the second polarizing means side of the liquid crystal and transmits part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. The first polarizing means is optically arranged to absorb or transmit light passing through the liquid crystal, and the second polarizing means passes through the liquid crystal and passes through the semi-transmissive reflecting means. Optically arranged to absorb or transmit the transmitted light.
Further, the transflective reflecting means is a reflecting plate that is disposed between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means and has a transmissive window that transmits part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal.
Further, the first and second electrodes are transparent electrodes disposed between the liquid crystal and the first polarizing means and between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means, respectively, and the reflecting plate having a transmission window is the second electrode. It is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal.
Further, the semi-transmissive reflecting means is a reflective polarizing plate that is disposed between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means, reflects light having a predetermined polarization characteristic, and transmits other light.
Further, the liquid crystal is held between the first and second glass substrates disposed between the liquid crystal and the first and second polarizing means, and either one of the first and second glass substrates on the liquid crystal side. And a reflective polarizer is attached to the opposite side of the second substrate to the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the second substrate is not more than 5 times the narrowest width of the color filter.
And a metal wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, and when the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the first polarizing means, between the metal wiring and the first polarizing means. In addition, when the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the reflective polarizing plate, a first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate is disposed between the metal wiring and the reflective polarizing plate.
And a metal wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, on the opposite side of the metal wiring from the liquid crystal, and arranged in optical close contact with the shape following the metal wiring. A low reflection layer having a lower light reflectance than the above is provided.
In addition, an information device according to the present invention includes a first main body having various operation switches, and a second main body having display means for visually displaying various information and coupled to the first main body so as to be opened and closed. In the information apparatus, the display means includes a liquid crystal, first and second electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, first and second polarizing means disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween, and first polarizing means. A front light disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal, and a transflective reflecting means disposed on the second polarizing means side of the liquid crystal and transmitting part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. A double-sided display type liquid crystal display device, wherein a window is provided on each of an inner side surface and an outer side surface on the outer side of the casing that is inside when the second main body is closed, and the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is provided on one of the windows. The front light side surface of the other is placed Surface of the second polarizing means side of the dual display type liquid crystal display device is one that is placed on.
Furthermore, the front light side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is disposed in the window provided on the outer side surface of the second main body, and the second polarizing means side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is provided in the window provided on the inner side surface. The surface is arranged.
And an open / close determining means for determining an open / closed state of the second main body, and a front light lighting switch for turning on the front light when it is determined that the second main body is open in conjunction with the open / close determining means. It is equipped with.
Furthermore, there is provided writing direction reversing means for reversing the writing direction of the display image data to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device in the vertical and horizontal directions.
Furthermore, data conversion means for converting display image data into data rearranged so that the top and bottom or the left and right are reversed is provided.
Furthermore, data conversion means for reversing the gradation of display image data is provided.
Further, a second 1 / 4λ phase difference plate is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal of the second polarizing means of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device.
Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking a folding cellular phone as an example.
1 to 5 are diagrams for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and an information device using the same according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 1 shows one of the information devices. FIG. 2 is an external plan view showing a partially sectioned state of the folding mobile phone in a folded state (closed state of the second main body), and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the writing direction of display image data to each pixel of a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device in a state where the second main body is closed, FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a writing direction of display image data to each pixel of a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device in a state where a second main body is opened.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a first main body having various operation switches 2, 3 denotes a second main body having a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 for visually displaying various information, and 4 denotes a second main body 3 to the first main body. A hinge 5 and a transparent cover 5 are connected to each other so as to be opened and closed. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG.
The foldable mobile phone according to the present embodiment has a first main body 1 having various function switches 2 including character and number input switches, and a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 that visually displays various information as display means. And a second body 3 connected to the first body 1 by a hinge 4 so as to be openable and closable. Openings (windows) are provided on both the outer side surface that is on the outer side and the inner side surface that is on the inner side when the second main body 3 is closed, and a transparent cover is provided on the opening portion (window provided on the outer side surface). 5 is provided, the front light side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is disposed, and the opening on the inner side surface (a window provided on the inner side surface) is disposed on the second polarizing means side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10. Surfaces are arranged to form a display unit.
In FIG. 3, 6 is a front light including a light source 11 made of, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light guide plate 12, 12a is a reflecting prism provided on the light guide plate 12, and 13 is a color filter corresponding to the first polarizing means. (CF) side polarizing plate, 14 is a CF side retardation plate, 15 is a CF side glass substrate corresponding to a transparent first substrate, 16 is a liquid crystal layer, and 17 is a thin film transistor (TFT) array corresponding to a transparent second substrate. Side glass substrate, 18 TFT array side retardation plate, 19 TFT array side polarizing plate corresponding to the second polarizing means, 20 gate TFT, 21 reflective electrode having transmission window 22, 23 corresponding to second electrode TFT array side transparent electrode, 25 is CF, 26 is a CF side transparent electrode corresponding to the first electrode, 27 is a transparent insulating film, 40 is a 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (second 1 / 4λ phase difference plate) It is. Reference numeral 101a denotes a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal 16 and first and second electrodes 26 and 23 for driving the liquid crystal 16, and in the present embodiment, a reflective electrode 21 having a transmission window 22 (a front panel that has passed through the liquid crystal 16). A transflective liquid crystal display having a transmission window that transmits a part of the light from the light 6 side and transmitting a part of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal 16 and reflecting the rest. It is a panel. The liquid crystal 16 is driven by the first electrode 26 and the second electrode 23 to control the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16.
In the present embodiment, the reflective electrode 21 having the transmission window 22 and the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 constitute a pixel electrode 24, and the pixel electrode 24 is arranged in an array on the TFT array side glass substrate 17. Is arranged.
The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 according to the present embodiment mainly includes the following members. That is, the transparent first substrate 15 on which the transparent first electrode 26 is formed, the transparent second substrate 17 on which the transparent second electrode 23 is formed so as to be opposed to the first substrate 15, and the first substrate 15. And the liquid crystal 16 sandwiched between the second substrate 17, the first polarizing means 13 and the second polarizing means 19 disposed on the opposite side of the first substrate 15 and the second substrate 17 to the liquid crystal 16, and the liquid crystal 16, respectively. Opposite to the first substrate 15 of the first polarizing means 13 and the semi-transmissive reflecting means 21 and 22 that are disposed between the second polarizing means 19 and transmit part of the light that has passed through the first substrate 15 and the liquid crystal 16. And a front light 6 provided on the side.
More specifically, the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a front light 6 including a light source 11 and a front light guide plate 12, a CF 25 and a CF side glass substrate 15 having a CF side transparent electrode 26, a TFT. Similar to the array-side glass substrate 17, the liquid crystal 16 made of, for example, TN liquid crystal sandwiched between these two glass substrates 15, 17, the reflective electrode 21 provided with a transmission window 22 that partially transmits light rearward, and the reflective electrode 21 A TFT array side transparent electrode 23 to which a voltage is applied through the gate TFT 20, a retardation plate 18 attached in order to the TFT array side glass substrate 17, a second polarizing plate (TFT array side polarizing plate 19), and 1 / 4λ The phase difference plate 40 and the phase difference plate 14 and the first polarizing plate (CF side polarizing plate 13) that are sequentially attached to the color filter-side glass substrate 15 are provided. Eteiru.
In a state where the second main body 3 is closed, the inner surface of the first main body 1 faces the 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 40.
Next, based on FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the operation of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment and the operation of the folding mobile phone using the second body 3 in the closed state will be described. An example when the light 6 is turned on will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, when the second main body 3 is closed, the front light 6 side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 appears on the user side.
In FIG. 3, the light emitted from the light source 11 is diffused and propagated through the light guide plate 12 as indicated by an arrow L, and is reflected by the reflecting prism 12a provided on the light guide plate 12 as shown by the arrow Li. Radiated to the polarizing plate 13 side. The emitted light becomes linearly polarized light by the CF side polarizing plate 13, passes through the CF side retardation plate 14, the first substrate 15, the liquid crystal 16, the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, etc., and reaches the reflective electrode 21. Furthermore, as indicated by an arrow Lr, the light is reflected by the reflective electrode 21 to become reflected light, and again, the liquid crystal 16, the first substrate 15, the CF side retardation plate 14, the CF side polarizing plate 13, the front light 6, and the transparent cover 5. Etc., and is visually recognized by the user on the front light 6 side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 (reflection type display).
At this time, according to the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer determined by the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 24 and the electric field between the CF side transparent electrode 26 and the birefringence amount of the CF side retardation plate 14, the arrow Lr. The transmittance of the reflected light passing through the CF-side polarizing plate 13 varies in the range of 0 to 1, so that, for each pixel, the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 24 is set according to the image, Image display is possible. Usually, the transmittance is set to be high when the electric field is zero, and the transmittance is set to approach zero as the electric field becomes strong.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the writing direction of display image data to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device with the second main body closed. The display image of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is displayed on the CF side glass substrate ( The first substrate) 15 is viewed from the side. In FIG. 4, 51 is a gate line, 52 is a gate driver, 54 is a source line, and 55 is a source driver. A plurality of gate lines 51 and source lines 54 are provided in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, respectively. In addition, a pixel composed of the gate TFT 20 and the pixel electrode 24 is disposed. 61 is an image signal generator, 62 is an open / close discriminating means for discriminating the open / closed state of the second main body 3, and 63 is interlocked with the open / close discriminating means 62 and corresponds to the open / closed state of the second main body 3. This is a writing direction inversion means for inverting the writing direction to each pixel of the display type liquid crystal display device in the vertical direction.
The image generating device 61 is composed of, for example, a frame memory and a CPU, and sequentially generates an image signal and a writing timing signal to be written to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device.
The open / close discriminating means 62 is constituted by a cantilever and a switch, for example, and detects whether the second main body 3 is in a closed state or an open state by detecting the angle of the hinge 4, for example.
The writing direction reversing means 63 is composed of, for example, an electronic circuit, and controls the gate driver 52, for example, and switches the start gate and the shift direction of the shift register so that the selection order of the gate lines 51 is closed by the second main body 3. By changing the order of the image signals output from the image signal generator 61, the writing timing is changed by reversing the corners A → C when the second main body 3 is open, and the corners C → A when the second main body 3 is open. Instead, the writing direction of the display image data to each pixel of the liquid crystal display device is reversed in the vertical direction.
The open / close discriminating means 62 for discriminating the open / closed state of the second main body 3 detects that the second main body 3 is closed. Then, the writing direction reversing means 63 sets the selection order of the gate lines 51 so as to shift from the gate line on the corner A side to the C side. Accordingly, the gate driver 52 sequentially selects the gate lines 51 to which the gate ON voltage is applied among the gate lines 51 in the direction from the corner A to the C direction. The corresponding image data sent from is applied to all the source lines 54 in a batch in place of the gradation voltage, and is applied to the pixel electrode 24 of each pixel on the selected gate line. By repeating this up to the gate line at corner C, an image can be formed in a line sequential manner from corner A to C. Therefore, the image in the reflection mode is visually recognized through the cover window 5 from the front light 6 side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10. can do.
In the above description, the front light 6 is turned on as an example. However, the same applies to the case where the front light 6 is turned off and external light (indicated by the arrow Lo) is used.
Therefore, a bright image can be displayed by simultaneously using both the light of the front light 6 and the outside light (arrow Lo).
Here, the influence of the transmitted light (arrow Ld) when the second main body 3 is closed will be examined. Since the reflective electrode 21 is provided with the transmissive window 22, a part of the front light radiated light (arrow Li) reaching the reflective electrode 21 leaks to the opposite side through the transmissive window 22 and becomes transmitted light (arrow Ld). . The light reflected by the transmitted light (arrow Ld) on the surface of the first body 1 becomes scattered reflected light (arrow Ls). When this scattered reflected light (arrow Ls) again passes through the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 and leaks in the direction of the transparent cover 5, color blurring, contrast reduction, outline blurring, and the like are caused. However, in this embodiment, a 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 40 is provided outside the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, and the scattered reflected light (arrow Ls) is 1 Since the light passes through the / 4λ phase difference plate 40 twice, it becomes linearly polarized light orthogonal to the polarization axis of the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 and is absorbed by the TFT array side polarizing plate 19. For this reason, the above-mentioned bad influence is suppressed.
Next, based on FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the operation of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment and the second main body 3 of the folding mobile phone using the same will be described. . As shown in FIG. 2, when the second main body 3 is opened in the vertical direction, a surface (back surface) opposite to the front light 6 of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 appears on the user side.
The folding mobile phone according to the present embodiment has a front light lighting switch (not shown) for turning on the front light 6 when the open / close discriminating means 62 determines that the second main body 3 is open. When the open / close discriminating means 62 detects that the second main body 3 is open, for example, by detecting the angle of the hinge 4, the front light 6 is automatically turned on.
The light emitted from the light source 11 of the front light 6 is diffused and propagated through the front light guide plate 12 and is radiated to the CF side polarizing plate 13 side by the reflecting prism 12 a provided on the light guide plate 12. The emitted light becomes linearly polarized light by the CF side polarizing plate 13 as shown by an arrow Li, passes through the CF side retardation plate 14, the first substrate 15, the liquid crystal 16, the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, and the like. Reaching the reflective electrode 21 is the same as the operation in the state where the second main body 3 is closed. Next, as shown by the arrow Ld, the transmitted light leaks to the back surface side through the transmission window 22 provided in the reflective electrode 21. This transmitted light passes through the TFT array side retardation plate 18 and the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, and further passes through the ¼λ retardation plate 40 and the like, and the user on the back side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10. (Transparent display).
At this time, the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer determined by the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 24 and the electric field between the CF side transparent electrode 26, the birefringence amounts of the CF side phase difference plate 14 and the TFT array side phase difference plate 18, Accordingly, the transmittance when the transmitted light indicated by the arrow Ld is transmitted through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 varies in the range of 0 to 1, and thereby, the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 24 is changed for each pixel. If it is set according to the image, the so-called transmission mode image display becomes possible. Generally, it is a voltage that minimizes the transmittance of the reflected light in the CF mode polarizing plate 13 in the reflection mode as in the reflection mode, and the transmittance of the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 of the transmitted light in the transmission mode is also the same. The birefringence amount of the TFT array side retardation plate 18 is set so as to be minimized.
At this time, if the surroundings are bright, the external light (arrow Lo) is inserted from the surroundings through the front light guide plate 12, so both the external light (arrow Lo) and the light of the light source 11 (arrow L) are used simultaneously. You can see a bright image. In addition, when external light (arrow Lo) is incident from the second polarizing plate side that is the viewer side (from the back surface), the external light that is linearly polarized by the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 that is the second polarizing plate is The color filter side polarizing plate 13 passes through the transmission window 22 of the reflective electrode 21, passes through the liquid crystal layer, and reaches the color filter side polarizing plate 13 as the first polarizing plate, regardless of the driving state of the liquid crystal 16. In general, almost all of the light is absorbed or transmitted, so there is almost no reflected light. For this reason, the contrast is not lowered.
At this time, it is preferable that the reflection on the color filter side polarizing plate 13 which is the first polarizing plate is less because high contrast is obtained. However, if there is almost no reflection, the image quality at the time of actual use is acceptable. . For example, in order to achieve a contrast of 10 or more, at least of the light that passes through the transmission window 22 of the reflective electrode 21, passes through the liquid crystal 16 layer, and reaches the color filter side polarizing plate 13 that is the first polarizing plate. It is desirable that 90% or more is absorbed or transmitted by the color filter side polarizing plate 13 regardless of the driving state of the liquid crystal 16 and reflected light is within 10%.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the writing direction of the display image to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device with the second body 3 opened. The display image of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is displayed on the TFT array side glass substrate. (Second substrate) Shown from the 17th side. Compared with the state in which the second main body 3 shown in FIG. 4 is closed, the top and bottom are reversed, and the corners A and C and the corners B and D are switched.
The open / close determining means 62 detects that the second main body 3 is in an open state, for example, by detecting the angle of the hinge 4. Then, the writing direction reversing means 63 automatically reverses the selection order of the gate line 51 from the corner A side gate to the C side direction from the corner C side gate to the A side gate direction. Therefore, when the gate line to which the gate ON voltage is applied among the gate lines 51 is selected by the gate driver 52, the gate lines are sequentially selected not from the corner A but from the corner C. Each gradation voltage is applied to the source line 54 at once, the gate TFT 20 of the pixel that is the intersection is turned on, and the gradation voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 24. By repeating this process up to the gate line at corner A, an image can be formed in a line sequential manner from corner C to A. Therefore, from the opposite side (rear side) of the front light 6 of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10, the transmission mode is set. It is possible to visually recognize an image in the correct direction. Accordingly, even when the user opens the second main body 3 upward without changing the second main body 3 from the closed state (while holding the first main body 1), the image in the correct direction is displayed. It can be visually recognized.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the liquid crystal 16, the first and second polarizing means 13 and 19 that are disposed to face each other with the liquid crystal 16 interposed therebetween, and the liquid crystal 16 and the first and second polarizing means 13. And 19 and 19 are respectively disposed between the transparent first and second electrodes 26 and 23 for driving the liquid crystal and controlling the birefringence thereof, and between the liquid crystal 16 and the second polarizing means 13. A semi-transmissive reflecting means 21 that transmits a part of the light that has passed through and a front light 6 provided on the opposite side of the liquid crystal 16 of the first polarizing means 13, and the semi-transmissive reflecting means is a second electrode. 23 is a reflection electrode 21 that is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal 16 and has a transmission window 22 that transmits part of the light that has passed through the first electrode 26, the liquid crystal 16, and the second electrode 23. First polarizing means 13, first electrode 2 A part of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal 16 and the second electrode 23 and reached the reflection electrode 21 passes through the transmission window 22 of the reflection electrode 21 and reaches the second polarizing means 19, and the rest is the reflection electrode 21. As a result of being reflected and reaching the first polarizing means 13, the display image can be viewed from both sides of the first polarizing means 13 side and the second polarizing means 19 side. Further, in the reflective display using the light reflected by the reflective electrode 21, the second substrate 17 does not exist between the reflective means (reflective electrode 21) and the first polarizing means 13, and therefore the second substrate 17 exists. In comparison with, an effect that the parallax in the display image is reduced by an amount corresponding to the shortening of the optical path is also obtained.
In the above description, the case where the second main body 3 opens and closes in the vertical direction has been described. The same effect can be obtained by reversing the writing direction in the horizontal direction.
The reflective electrode 21 is usually formed of a conductive metal such as aluminum or silver. However, the reflective electrode 21 is a transparent electrode and is an optically close contact with the opposite side of the liquid crystal 16 to reflect light with a high reflectance. Or a structure including a metal film.
In the above, the first electrode on the front light side of the 16 layers of liquid crystal, the first polarizing plate is on the color filter side, the second electrode, the second polarizing plate is on the TFT array side, and the TFT array side is the second electrode The case where the reflective electrode 21 having the transmission window 22 is provided on the side opposite to the liquid crystal 16 of the transparent electrode 23 has been described. Conversely, the first electrode and the first polarizing plate are the TFT array side, the second electrode, and the second polarization. The plate may be provided with a color filter (CF) side, and a reflective electrode 21 having a transmission window 22 on the opposite side of the CF side transparent electrode 26 from the liquid crystal 16 may be provided, and the same effect is obtained.
In the foldable mobile phone according to the present embodiment as described above, an image to be displayed on the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 with the second main body 3 closed (the front of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10). As an image (viewed from the light 6 side), at the time of reception, for example, a sender name, a photograph of the sender's face, a mail document, an i-mode (registered trademark) reception map, a homepage (HP), etc. can be cited. At the time of standby, for example, an antenna indicating the radio wave intensity placed on the mobile phone standby screen, remaining battery level, calendar, time, illustration, face photograph, game, i-mode reception map, HP, decorative pattern, electrical decoration, and the like can be cited.
Further, an image displayed on the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 with the second main body 3 opened (an image viewed from the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10) is received at the time of reception. For example, caller name, caller's face photo, e-mail document, etc. When waiting, for example, antenna indicating the radio wave intensity placed on the mobile phone standby screen, battery level, calendar, time, illustration, face photo , Games, and mail document creation screens.
In the above, the semi-transmissive reflecting means that transmits part of the light that has passed through the first substrate 15 and the liquid crystal 16 is formed on the liquid crystal layer side of the second substrate 17, and the first substrate 15 and the first electrode 26 are formed. Although the case where the reflection electrode 21 has the transmission window 22 that transmits a part of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal 16 and the second electrode 23 has been shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and a reflection plate having a transmission window can transmit light. Instead of the reflective electrode 21 having the window 22, for example, an aluminum vapor deposition mirror film having a large number of fine transmission windows is used, and the reflection plate having the transmission window is used as the second glass substrate TFT side glass substrate 17. You may stick between the TFT array side phase difference plates 18.
Further, for example, as described in the prior art 2, for example, a film formed of a half mirror or a magic mirror in which aluminum or the like is deposited on a thin transparent film base is used. You may affix on the 1/4 (lambda) phase difference plate 40 side of the side polarizing plate 19. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and an information device using the same according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, more specifically a diagram for explaining rearrangement of display image data. It is. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 6, reference numeral 64 denotes a data conversion unit that operates in conjunction with the open / close determination unit 62 and converts display image data into data that is rearranged so as to be upside down in accordance with the open / closed state of the second main body 3. . Specifically, the data conversion means 64 is composed of, for example, a frame memory and a CPU, temporarily stores image signals (image data) generated by the image signal generator 61, and arranges the display images so that the top and bottom of the display images are reversed. The converted data is converted and sent to the source driver 55.
In the foldable mobile phone according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the gate selection order in the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is the same regardless of whether the second body 3 is opened or closed, and is detected by the open / close state determination device 62. In accordance with the opened / closed state of the second main body 3, the data conversion means 64 automatically converts the image data to be displayed into data rearranged in the vertical direction, and the source driver of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10. Send to 55. Accordingly, even when the user opens the second main body 3 upward without changing the second main body 3 from the closed state (while holding the first main body 1), the image in the correct direction is displayed. It can be visually recognized.
In the above description, the case where the second main body opens and closes in the up and down direction has been described. However, when the second main body opens and closes in the left and right direction, the data conversion unit 64 converts the data into rearranged data so that the left and right are reversed. A similar effect can be obtained.
7 to 10 are diagrams for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention and an information device using the same, and more specifically, FIG. 7 is one of information devices. Sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part in the folded-up state (state in which the 2nd main body was closed) of the folding-type mobile phone which is this, FIG. 8 is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the polarization direction of each light shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part in a state where the second main body is opened, and FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing an example of the polarization direction of each light shown in FIG.
In the first embodiment, the case where the semi-transmissive reflecting means that transmits part of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal 16 is configured by the reflective electrode 23 having the transmissive window 22 has been described. Reflects light having a predetermined polarization characteristic and transmits almost all other light (reflects light linearly polarized in a predetermined direction and transmits light linearly polarized in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction). It is comprised by the reflective polarizing plate.
7 to 10, 58 is arranged between the liquid crystal 16 and the second polarizing means (TFT array side polarizing plate 19), reflects light linearly polarized in a predetermined direction, and linearly polarized in a direction perpendicular thereto. It is a TFT array-side reflective polarizing plate that transmits light, and is disposed between the TFT array-side glass substrate 17 and the TFT array-side polarizing plate 19 in the present embodiment. As the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58, for example, trade name: DBEF (Double Brightness Enhancement Film) of Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd. can be used. Reference numeral 204 denotes a metal wiring for supplying a voltage to the second electrode (TFT array side transparent electrode 23). Reference numeral 180 denotes a first ¼λ phase difference plate, which is disposed between the metal wiring 204 and the reflective polarizing plate 58 in this embodiment. Reference numeral 140 denotes a third ¼λ retardation plate, which is disposed between the color filter (CF) side glass substrate 15 and the first polarizing means (CF side polarizing plate 13) in the present embodiment. Reference numeral 101b denotes a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal 16 and first and second electrodes 26 and 23 for driving the liquid crystal 16. In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes 26 and 23 are transparent without a reflecting function. This is an all-transmissive liquid crystal display panel that is an electrode and transmits all of the light incident on the liquid crystal 16.
In the first embodiment, the reflective electrode 21 and the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 constitute a pixel electrode. However, in the present embodiment, the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 constitutes a pixel electrode. The electrodes are arranged in an array on the TFT array side glass substrate 17.
The foldable mobile phone according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the configuration of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is different. That is, it has a first main body 1 having various function switches 2 including character and number input switches, and a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 that visually displays various information as display means. And a second main body 3 coupled to be openable and closable. Openings (windows) are provided on both the outer side surface that is on the outer side and the inner side surface that is on the inner side when the second main body 3 is closed, and a transparent cover is provided on the opening portion (window provided on the outer side surface). 5 is provided, the front light side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is disposed, and the opening on the inner side surface (a window provided on the inner side surface) is disposed on the second polarizing means side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10. Surfaces are arranged to form a display unit.
In the following, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment includes a front light 6 including a light source 11 and a front light guide plate 12, a CF side glass substrate 15 having a CF 25 and a CF side transparent electrode 26, a TFT array side glass substrate 17, A liquid crystal layer 16 made of, for example, TN liquid crystal sandwiched between these two glass substrates 15 and 17, a TFT array side transparent electrode 23 to which a voltage is applied through the gate TFT 20, and a TFT array side glass substrate 17 are further provided. The first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180), the reflective polarizing plate 58, the second polarizing plate (TFT array side polarizing plate 19) and the second 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 40, a third 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (CF side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 140) attached to the CF side glass substrate 15 in order, and And a first polarizing plate (CF side polarizing plate 13).
Next, the operation of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
As indicated by the arrow L, the light emitted from the light source 11 spreads by diffusing and propagating through the light guide plate 12, and is reflected by the reflecting prism 12a provided on the light guide plate 12 to the CF side polarizing plate 13 side as indicated by the arrow Li. To be emitted. The emitted light becomes light linearly polarized by the CF-side polarizing plate 13 (light that has been linearly polarized horizontally in FIGS. 8 and 10), passes through the CF-side quarter-wave retardation plate 140, and is a fully transmissive liquid crystal display. Incident on the panel 101b. Further, the light passes through the TFT array side ¼λ phase difference plate 180 and reaches the TFT array side polarizing reflection plate 58.
In the all-transmissive liquid crystal display panel 101b, when no voltage is applied between the CF side transparent electrode 26 and the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, the birefringence amount (retardation) of the liquid crystal 16 layers and the quarter λ plates 140 and 180 is obtained. ), The polarization direction is rotated by 180 degrees, and the light is linearly polarized in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 10 and reaches the TFT array side polarization reflector 58.
In addition, when a voltage is applied, the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal layer 16 approaches 0, and linearly polarized light whose polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees is caused by the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer and the 1 / 4λ plates 140 and 180. The light reaches the TFT array side polarization reflector 58.
Here, the light linearly polarized in a predetermined direction, that is, in the vertical direction, is reflected on the TFT array side polarization reflector 58 to become reflected light, and again as shown by the arrow Lr in FIGS. 7 and 8, the TFT array side 1 again. / 4λ phase difference plate 180, full transmission type liquid crystal display panel 101b, CF side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 140, CF side polarizing plate 13, front light 6, transparent cover 5, etc. Is visually recognized by the user on the front light 6 side (reflective display).
In addition, light that has been linearly polarized in a direction perpendicular to a predetermined direction, that is, laterally, is transmitted through the TFT array side polarizing reflector 58, and as shown by an arrow Ld in FIG. 9 and FIG. 2 through the ¼λ phase difference plate 40 and the like, and is visually recognized by the user on the second polarizing plate (TFT array side polarizing plate 19) side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 (transmission type display).
At this time, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer determined by the voltage applied to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 and the birefringence amounts of the ¼λ phase difference plates 140 and 180, The reflectance of the reflected light (arrow Lr) reflected by the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 changes from 0 to 1, and at the same time, the transmittance of the transmitted light (arrow Ld) changes from 1 to 0. By this effect, an image can be displayed by setting the voltage applied to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 for each pixel 24 according to the image.
Usually, as shown in FIG. 9, in order to place importance on the contrast of black-and-white switching by the liquid crystal 16 of the transmitted light (arrow Ld) viewed from the inner surface with the second body 3 of the folding mobile phone opened, The transmittance of transmitted light (arrow Ld) is high with the electric field determined by the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 being low, and the transmittance becomes zero as the electric field becomes stronger and the TN liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the glass substrates 15 and 17. It is set to approach.
First, display from the first polarizing means 13 side will be described with reference to FIG. If the reflectance of the reflected light (arrow Lr) reflected by the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 is set to 1 with the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer determined by the voltage applied to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, the figure White is displayed to the user from the first polarizing means 13 side (front light 6 side) indicated by 7. Thus, since there is no loss of light due to the transmission window 22 as in the first embodiment, it is higher than the case where the reflective electrode 21 having a partial transmission portion (transmission window 22) is used as a semi-transmissive reflection means. Reflective efficiency is obtained.
At this time, when the reflectance of the reflected light (arrow Lr) reflected by the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 is set to 1, a higher reflection can be realized. However, there is no problem in practical use even if there is some absorption. For example, for light incident on the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 from the liquid crystal 16 layer with the reflectance set to 1, the brightness is 10% even if the absorptance is 10% and the reflectance is 90%. There is no problem just by lowering.
If the reflectance of the reflected light Lr reflected by the TFT-side reflective polarizing plate 58 is set to 0 with the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer determined by the voltage applied to the TFT-side transparent electrode 23, the transmittance becomes 1. The front light radiated light (arrow Li) passes through the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 and becomes transmitted light (arrow Ld). This transmitted light (arrow Ld) passes through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 and further passes through the second 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 40 to illuminate the surface of the first main body 1. The light reflected by the transmitted light (arrow Ld) on the surface of the first body 1 becomes scattered reflected light (arrow Ls). When this scattered reflected light (arrow Ls) passes through the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 again and is visually perceived as leaking in the direction of the transparent cover 5 on the front light 6 side, color blurring, contrast reduction, outline blurring, etc. are caused. However, in the present embodiment, the 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 40 is provided outside the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, and the scattered reflected light (arrow Ls) passes through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, 2 is transmitted twice through the 1/4 λ phase difference plate 40, the linearly polarized light is orthogonal to the polarization axis of the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 and is absorbed without passing through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19. As a result, a tightened black is displayed to the user from the first polarizing means 13 side (front light 6 side) shown in FIG.
This operation is exactly the same when external light (arrow Lo) is incident through the front light 6, and therefore, in an environment that is relatively bright but not sufficiently bright, the external light and the front light are By using it simultaneously, a bright and clear reflected image can be visually recognized.
Next, display from the second polarizing means 19 side in a state where the second main body 3 is opened will be described with reference to FIG. If the transmittance of the transmitted light (arrow Ld) transmitted through the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 is set to 1 with the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layers determined by the voltage applied to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, white will be obtained. Displayed, and if set to 0, black is displayed. This operation is exactly the same when the front light 6 is turned on and the emitted light and the outside light (arrow Lo) are incident through the front light 6 and are therefore relatively bright but with sufficient brightness. In a non-environment, a bright and clear transmitted image can be visually recognized by using external light and front light simultaneously.
At this time, external light (arrow Lo) that illuminates the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device from the user side (second polarizing means 19 side) causes a decrease in the contrast of the display image. In order to absorb the linearly polarized light in the direction reflected by the array-side reflective polarizing plate 58, external light (arrow Lo) incident on the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device from the second polarizing means 19 side is reflected by the TFT array-side reflective polarizing plate 58. Thus, it does not reach the user's eyes on the second polarizing means 19 side.
Of the external light Lo, light that has passed through the second polarizing plate 19 and the reflective polarizing plate 58 and passed through the liquid crystal cell is substantially absorbed or transmitted by the first polarizing plate 13 and reflected regardless of the driving state of the liquid crystal 16. Therefore, the contrast of the transmitted image becomes high even when the surroundings are bright and there is external light Lo.
Of the external light (arrow Lo) that illuminates the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device from the user side (second polarizing means 19 side), the light that has passed through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 and the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 In the present embodiment, the TFT array side glass substrate 17 and the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 are reflected by the metal wiring 204 formed on the TFT array side glass substrate 17 and the TFT and the like. The first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180) is provided between the two and the first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate is reciprocated twice. Is rotated 90 degrees, and the reflected light from the metal wiring 204 or TFT cannot pass through the reflective polarizing plate 58 again. Therefore, the reflected light from the metal wiring 204, TFT, etc. does not reach the user's eyes on the second polarizing means 19, and the contrast can be prevented from being lowered by the reflected light from the metal wiring 204, TFT, etc.
In the present embodiment, the third 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 140 is disposed between the liquid crystal 16 and the first polarizing means 13, and the case of the first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180. Similarly, for the user from the front light 6 side, the reflected light from the inter-layer reflection and the wiring member at the pixel boundary can be cut, and the decrease in contrast due to the reflected light can be prevented.
Similarly in the first embodiment, out of the external light that illuminates the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device from the second polarizing means 19 side, the light that has passed through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 is applied to the TFT array side glass substrate 17. Reflected by the formed metal wiring 204, TFT, reflecting electrode 21 and the like, which causes a reduction in contrast when observed from the second polarizing means 19 side, between the TFT array side glass substrate 17 and the second polarizing means. The TFT array side retardation plate 18 is provided, and if the birefringence amount of the retardation plate 18 is set to approximately 1 / 4λ, the polarization direction is rotated because the light passes through the retardation plate 18, and the metal wiring 204 is rotated. Reflected light from the TFT, the reflective electrode 21, etc. cannot pass through the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 again. Therefore, the reflected light from the metal wiring 204, TFT, reflective electrode 21 and the like does not reach the user's eyes on the second polarizing means 19, and the contrast of the reflected light from the metal wiring 204, TFT, reflective electrode 21 and the like is low. A decrease can be prevented.
As described in the first embodiment, the relationship between the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 16 layers and the brightness is reversed between when the foldable mobile phone is viewed from the inside of the folded state and when viewed from the outside. Therefore, it is necessary to reverse the gradation of data in advance depending on whether the display image data is folded or opened. At the same time, if the folding is up / down opening / closing, the image data is reversed upside down, and if the folding is left / right opening, data conversion is required to open / close the image data left / right. Specifically, in FIG. 6 shown in the second embodiment, the data conversion unit 64 has a function of converting the gradation simultaneously with the rearrangement of the image data, and detects the opening / closing of the information device. Image data rearrangement and gradation conversion are performed automatically. Alternatively, a changeover switch may be provided outside so that the user can change over.
In the above description, the first electrode is the CF side transparent electrode 26 and the second electrode is the TFT array side transparent electrode 23. Conversely, the first electrode is the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 and the second electrode. May be the CF side transparent electrode 26, and the same effect is obtained.
In the above description, the case where the first electrode and the first polarizing plate on the front light side of the liquid crystal 16 layer are on the color filter side, and the second electrode and the second polarizing plate are on the TFT array side is described. The same effect can be obtained when the first electrode and the first polarizing plate are on the TFT array side, and the second electrode and the second polarizing plate are on the color filter (CF) side.
11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment using the same according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 11 shows a double-sided display type liquid crystal. FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B are enlarged sectional views showing a part of a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to FIG. 11 and a comparative example, respectively. In FIGS. 12A and 12B, the dimensional ratio is close to the aspect ratio of the actual width and thickness.
11 and 12, 78 is disposed between the liquid crystal 16 and the second polarizing means (CF-side polarizing plate 13), reflects light linearly polarized in a predetermined direction, and light linearly polarized in a direction perpendicular thereto. Is a CF-side reflective polarizing plate that transmits light.
In the third embodiment, the first polarizing means is the CF side polarizing plate 13, the second polarizing means is the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, the first electrode is the CF side transparent electrode 26, and the second electrode is the TFT array side transparent electrode 23. The first substrate is the CF side glass substrate 15, the second substrate is the TFT array side glass substrate 17, and the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58 is the second substrate (TFT array side glass substrate 17) and the second polarizing means (TFT). In the present embodiment, the first polarizing unit is the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, the second polarizing unit is the CF side polarizing plate 13, and the second polarizing unit is the first polarizing unit 19). One electrode is the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, the second electrode is the CF side transparent electrode 26, the first substrate is the TFT array side glass substrate 17, the second substrate is the CF side glass substrate 15, and the CF side reflective polarizing plate 78 is Second substrate (C It is disposed between the side glass substrate 17) and the second electrode (CF-side transparent electrode 26).
Other configurations of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and the information equipment using the same according to the present embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
In the following, differences from the third embodiment will be mainly described. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment includes a front light 6 including a light source 11 and a front light guide plate 12, a TFT array side glass substrate 17, a CF side glass substrate 15, and these two substrates 17 and 15. A TFT array side transparent electrode to which a voltage is applied through a gate TFT 20 is provided on the inner side (the liquid crystal 16 layer side) of the TFT array side glass substrate 17 (first substrate). 23 (first electrode) is provided, and on the outside of the TFT array side glass substrate 17 (on the side opposite to the liquid crystal 16 layer) is a first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180). The TFT array side polarizing plate 19 as the first polarizing means is attached in order. On the inner side of the CF side glass substrate 15 (second substrate), a reflective polarizing plate 78 and a third 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (CF side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 140) are attached in order, and further, CF25 and A CF-side transparent electrode 26 (second electrode) is formed, and a CF-side polarizing plate 13 is attached to the outside of the CF-side glass substrate 15, and a 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 40 is attached to the outside thereof. .
Next, details of the operation of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment will be described by taking the front light 6 as an example.
The light (arrow L) emitted from the light source 11 spreads by diffusing and propagating through the front light guide plate 12, and is radiated to the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 side by the reflecting prism 12a provided on the light guide plate 12. The emitted light (arrow Li) becomes linearly polarized light by the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, the TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180, the TFT array side glass substrate 17, the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, the liquid crystal 16 layers, The light passes through the CF-side transparent electrode 26, CF 25, and the CF-side quarter-wave retardation plate 140 and reaches the CF-side reflective polarizing plate 78.
In the CF side reflection polarizing plate 78, light linearly polarized in one direction (predetermined direction) is reflected to become reflected light (arrow Lr), and light linearly polarized in the direction perpendicular thereto is transmitted and transmitted (arrow Ld). )
At this time, the reflectivity of the reflected light (arrow Lr) reflected by the CF side reflective polarizing plate 78 varies from 0 to 1 with the birefringence amount of the liquid crystal 16 layer determined by the voltage applied to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23. At the same time, the transmittance of transmitted light (arrow Ld) changes from 1 to 0. As a result, if the voltage applied to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 is set for each pixel according to the image, the image can be displayed.
Next, referring to FIGS. 12A and 12B, the reflective polarizing plate 78 is disposed between the second substrate (CF side glass substrate 17) and the second electrode (CF side transparent electrode 26). The effect of the case will be described.
As shown in FIG. 12 (b), when the color filter (CF) side reflective polarizing plate 78 is attached to the outside of the CF side glass substrate 15, the narrower one pixel of the CF25 having a generally rectangular shape. Since the thickness of the CF side glass substrate 15 is 300 μm to 700 μm and is thicker than the width of 50 μm to 100 μm, the distance from the CF side reflective polarizing plate 78 to the CF 25 (the CF side glass substrate 15 and the CF side 1 / 4λ position) The total thickness of the phase difference plate 140 and half of the CF side reflective polarizing plate 78) is 500 μm to 900 μm, which is about 10 times longer than the width of the CF25 pixel. The expected angle of the pixel width is as small as about 3 degrees.
Therefore, most of the light reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 78 passes through a CF pixel having a different color next to the CF pixel that has passed under incidence, and since the transmission wavelength is different, re-absorption is large and average. 2/3 is reabsorbed. Therefore, a bright reflection image cannot be obtained.
From a simple geometric calculation, when light is incident on the CF side glass substrate 15 having a refractive index of 1.5 from the direction of 30 degrees where the amount of incident external light is the largest, it is desirable that the thickness of the glass is reduced to the width of the narrower one of CF25. If the size is less than 2 times, the possibility that the reflected light can pass through the same CF pixel as the incident light increases, and the reflectance is high because re-absorption is small.
When the light from the front light 6 is used, the divergence angle is about 15 degrees. In this case, if the thickness of the glass is within 5 times the narrower width of the CF 25, the reflected light is incident. In this case, the possibility of passing through the same CF pixel is increased, and the reflectance is high because re-absorption is small. Therefore, in the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 of the folding cellular phone according to the third embodiment, the thickness of the second glass substrate to which the reflective polarizing plate 58 is attached is five times the narrower width of the color filter pixels. If it is within the range, preferably within 2 times, a reflected image with a high reflectance can be visually recognized from the front light 6 side.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12A, in the case of the present embodiment in which the CF-side reflective polarizing plate 78 is attached to the inner side of the CF-side glass substrate 15, from the CF-side reflective polarizing plate 78 to the CF25. The distance (thickness of the CF side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 140 and half of the CF side reflective polarizing plate 78 combined) is shortened to 50 μm to 100 μm. As a result, the expected angle increases to about 25 degrees to 90 degrees. As a result, the possibility that the reflected light (arrow Lr) passes through the same CF25 pixel as the incident light (arrow Li) increases. Therefore, the possibility that the incident light (arrow Li) and the reflected light (arrow Lr) pass through the pixels of the color filter 25 of different colors is reduced, and the reflected light (arrow Lr) at the time of passing through the CF 25 is reproduced again at the CF 25. By suppressing the absorption, the reflectance is greatly improved.
As described above, the CF 25 is disposed not on the first electrode side but on the second electrode side, and the reflective polarizing plate 78 is provided between the second substrate (CF side glass substrate 17) and the second electrode (CF side transparent electrode 26). Since the reflectance is greatly improved in the reflective display, a bright image can be realized.
Further, in the reflective display, since the second substrate 17 does not exist between the reflecting means 78 and the first polarizing means 19, the optical path is shortened compared to the case where the second substrate 17 shown in FIG. There is also an effect that the parallax in the display image is reduced by that amount.
In the above description, the example in which the reflective polarizing plate 78 is attached to the color filter 25 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the same effect can be expected as a structure attached to the TFT array side substrate 17.
However, since the reflective polarizing plate 78 is made of a resin and cannot withstand a high temperature process, the reflective polarizing plate 78 is deteriorated (reflected polarization characteristics) in the high temperature process when applied to the color filter 25 having a relatively low process temperature. Degradation) is small, and the reflectance is greatly improved.
13 and 14 are diagrams for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment using the same according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 13 shows a double-sided display type liquid crystal display. FIGS. 14A to 14C are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for manufacturing the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment and the information equipment using the same are obtained by eliminating the second substrate (CF side glass substrate 15) in the fourth embodiment.
In the present embodiment, since the second substrate (CF side glass substrate 15) is eliminated, there is no glass substrate between the CF side reflective polarizing plate 78 and the CF 25. Accordingly, as described with reference to FIG. 12A in the fourth embodiment, the expected angle of the width of one pixel from the CF side reflection polarizing plate 78 to the CF 25 is increased to about 25 to 90 degrees. The reflectance in display is greatly improved.
Further, in the reflective display, since the second substrate does not exist between the reflecting means 78 and the first polarizing means 19, the optical path is shortened compared to the case where the second substrate 17 shown in FIG. Only the parallax in the display image is reduced.
Furthermore, since the second substrate (CF side glass substrate 15) is eliminated in the present embodiment, an effect that the weight can be reduced is also obtained.
Next, a method for manufacturing a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the TFT array side glass substrate 17 (first substrate) and the CF side glass substrate 15 (second substrate) were bonded together to form a cell, and the liquid crystal 16 was injected into the gap to form a liquid crystal cell. Thereafter, the TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180 (first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate) and the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 (first polarizing plate) are attached to the TFT array side glass substrate 17 (FIG. 14). (A)).
Next, after sufficiently protecting the metal portions such as electrode terminals formed on the two glass substrates 15 and 17 with an inorganic material or an organic material, the whole is etched with hydrofluoric acid to remove the CF side glass substrate 15. (FIG. 14 (b)).
After that, the CF 25 has a 1 / λ retardation plate 40 (second 1 / 4λ retardation plate), a reflective polarizing plate 78, a CF side polarizing plate 13 (second polarizing plate), and a CF side 1 / 4λ retardation plate 140. (Third 1 / 4λ phase difference plate) is pasted (FIG. 14C).
In the above description, the first substrate is the TFT array side glass substrate 17, the second substrate is the CF side glass substrate 15, the CF side glass substrate 15 is removed, and the reflective polarizing plate 78 is attached to the CF 25. On the contrary, the first substrate is the CF side glass substrate 15 and the second substrate is the TFT array side glass substrate 17, the TFT array side glass substrate 17 is removed, and the reflective polarizing plate 78 is directly attached to the TFT array. The same effect can be obtained.
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and an information device using the same according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, and more specifically shows a main part of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device. It is sectional drawing.
In FIG. 15, reference numerals 31 and 32 denote first and second polarizing means arranged opposite to each other with a liquid crystal 16 layer interposed therebetween, and the same polarizing plates as those in the above embodiments are used. Reference numerals 33 and 34 respectively denote first and second substrates disposed between the liquid crystal 16 layer and the first and second polarizing means 31 and 32, and the same glass substrates as those in the above embodiments are used.
Reference numerals 35 and 36 denote first and second electrodes for controlling the amount of birefringence by driving the liquid crystal 16. In each of the above embodiments, the first and second electrodes are respectively disposed between the liquid crystal 16 layer and the first and second polarizing means, and the liquid crystal 16 layer is sandwiched between the first and second electrodes. In the embodiment, the first and second electrodes 35 and 36 are both disposed between the second polarizing means 32 and the liquid crystal 16. Specifically, the first electrode 35 and the second electrode 36 are both disposed on the surface of the second substrate 34 as interdigitated interdigital electrodes, and the liquid crystal 16 is connected to the first electrode 35 and the first electrode 35. It is driven by an electric field having a component parallel to the surface of the second substrate 34 formed by the second electrode 36.
Reference numerals 37 and 38 denote second and third quarter-wave retardation plates, which are the same as those used in the above embodiments. Reference numeral 39 denotes a reflective polarizing plate that reflects light linearly polarized in a predetermined direction and transmits light linearly polarized in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction, and the same polarizing plates as those in the above embodiments are used.
Reference numeral 101c denotes a liquid crystal display panel having a liquid crystal 16 and first and second electrodes 35 and 36 for driving the liquid crystal 16, and in this embodiment, a totally transmissive liquid crystal that transmits all of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal 16. It is a display panel. Such a total transmission type liquid crystal display panel 101c is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-21907 and is generally called an IPS (IN Plane Switching) method liquid crystal display panel. In contrast, the all-transmissive liquid crystal display panel 101b shown in Embodiment Mode 3 is called a vertical electric field application type liquid crystal display panel.
The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and the information device using the same according to the present embodiment are the same as the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and the information device using the same as shown in the third embodiment, but a full transmission type of vertical electric field application method. Instead of the liquid crystal display panel 101b, a transflective liquid crystal display panel 101c of a horizontal electric field application method is used, and the arrangement and configuration of the first and second electrodes are mainly different, and the direction of the electric field for driving the liquid crystal 16 is different. Only the other configurations and operations are the same as those of the third embodiment.
Although description of the operation is omitted, also in the present embodiment, in the same manner as in the third embodiment, in a predetermined direction that is a part of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal 16 and reached the reflective polarizing plate 39 from the front light side. The linearly polarized light is reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 39 and reaches the first polarizing means 31, and the remaining light linearly polarized in the direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction passes through the reflective polarizing plate 39 and passes through the second polarizing means. As a result, the display image can be viewed from both sides of the first polarizing means 31 and the second polarizing means 32.
Furthermore, external light that illuminates the liquid crystal display device from the second polarizing means 32 side causes a reduction in the contrast of the transmissive display image, but the second polarizing means 32 absorbs linearly polarized light in the direction reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 39. Therefore, the effect that the contrast can be increased is obtained.
The effects of the first, second and third quarter-lambda phase plates 40, 37 and 38 are the same as those of the third embodiment.
In the above description, the first electrode 35 and the second electrode 36 are both disposed between the second polarizing means 32 and the liquid crystal 16, but the first electrode 35, the second electrode 36, May be arranged between the first polarizing means 31 and the liquid crystal 16, and the same effect can be obtained.
In the above description, the case where the reflective polarizing plate 39 is disposed between the first quarter-wave retardation plate 37 and the second polarizing means 32 as the semi-transmissive reflective means has been described. Instead of using a reflector having a transmission window (for example, an aluminum vapor deposition mirror film provided with a large number of fine transmission windows) similar to that described in the first embodiment, the reflector having the transmission window is used. For example, it may be attached to the liquid crystal 16 side of the second substrate 34.
In the above-described double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment using the same described in Embodiment 3, instead of the vertical electric field application type total transmission type liquid crystal display panel 101b, a horizontal electric field application type total transmission type liquid crystal is used. Although the case where the display panel 101c is used has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. In the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device described in Embodiment 4 or 5 and the information apparatus using the same, total transmission using a vertical electric field application method is performed. Instead of the liquid crystal display panel 101b, a transflective liquid crystal display panel 101c of a horizontal electric field application method can be used.
FIGS. 16 to 18 are diagrams for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and an information device using the same according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 16 shows one of the information devices. FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are explanatory views showing an example of the polarization direction of each light shown in FIG. 16. In FIG. 16, 204a is a conductive layer made of metal such as chromium or aluminum disposed on the liquid crystal 16 side, and 204b is disposed on the opposite side (second substrate 17 side) from the liquid crystal 16 and reflects light more than the conductive layer 204a. A low-reflection layer made of, for example, chromium oxide having a low rate. In the present embodiment, the metal wiring 204 provided on the second substrate (TFT array side glass substrate 17) for supplying a voltage to the second electrode (TFT array side transparent electrode 23) includes the conductive layer 204a and the low reflection layer. It has a two-layer structure with 204b.
Usually, for example, the metal wiring 204 such as a source wiring or a gate wiring is formed by patterning chromium or aluminum formed on a glass substrate by sputtering or the like by etching, so that the surface on the glass substrate side becomes a mirror surface with high reflectivity. ing. Therefore, as described in the third embodiment, out of the external light (arrow Lo) that illuminates the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device from the second polarizing means 19 side, the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 and the TFT array side reflective polarizing plate 58. The light that has passed through is reflected by the metal wiring 204 formed on the TFT array side glass substrate 17, which causes a reduction in contrast.
In order to prevent this, in the third embodiment, the first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate (TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate 180) is provided, and the reflected light from the metal wiring 241 causes the reflection polarizing plate 58 to reappear. I was unable to pass.
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the TFT array side glass substrate 17 is formed with a two-layer structure in which the low reflection layer 204b having a light reflectance lower than that of the conductive layer 204a is formed and the conductive layer 204a is formed thereon. Metal wiring 204 was obtained.
In this way, the metal wiring 204 has a two-layer structure, so that out of the external light (arrow Lo) that illuminates the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device from the second polarizing means 19 side, the TFT array side polarizing plate 19 and the TFT array side. The light that passes through the reflective polarizing plate 58 and reaches the metal wiring 204 reaches the low reflection layer 204b, so that reflection is suppressed, and a reduction in contrast due to the reflected light on the metal wiring 204 can be prevented.
Next, with reference to FIGS. 16 to 18, the operation of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment will be described mainly with respect to differences from the third embodiment.
Light (arrow L) emitted from the light source 11 is diffused and propagated through the light guide plate 12 and is radiated to the CF side polarizing plate 13 side by the reflecting prism 12 a provided on the light guide plate 12. The emitted light (arrow Li) becomes linearly polarized light (light that has been linearly polarized horizontally in FIGS. 17 and 18) by the CF side polarizing plate 13, and reaches the totally transmissive liquid crystal display panel 101d.
In the total transmission type liquid crystal display panel 101d, when a voltage is applied between the CF side transparent electrode 26 and the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, the polarization direction does not rotate but passes sideways as shown in FIG. Then, the light is reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 58. The reflected light (arrow Lr) again passes through the total transmission type liquid crystal display panel 101d, the CF side polarizing plate 13, the front light 6, the transparent cover 5, and the like, and is reflected on the front light 6 side of the double side display type liquid crystal display device 10. Visible to the user (reflective display).
In the total transmission type liquid crystal display panel 101d, when no voltage is applied between the CF side transparent electrode 26 and the TFT array side transparent electrode 23, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees by the liquid crystal layer as shown in FIG. The light is emitted as linearly polarized light in the vertical direction, passes through the reflective polarizing plate 58, the TFT array side polarizing plate 19, and the second ¼λ phase difference plate 40, and then the second of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10. It is visually recognized by the user on the side of the polarizing plate (TFT array side polarizing plate 19) (transmission type display).
In the above description, in the third embodiment, the metal wiring (source wiring) 204 for supplying a voltage to the TFT array side transparent electrode 23 is provided on the side opposite to the conductive layer 204a disposed on the liquid crystal 16 side and the liquid crystal 16 ( The case where a two-layer structure is provided with the low-reflection layer 204b disposed on the TFT array glass substrate 17 side) and having a light reflectance lower than that of the conductive layer 204a has been described. In other embodiments, the first electrode or the first Another metal wiring (gate wiring) for supplying a voltage to the two electrodes may be a similar two-layer metal wiring, and the same effect can be obtained.
Desirably, the metal wiring formed at the position closest to the TFT array glass substrate 17 has a two-layer structure of the above-described conductive layer 204a and a low reflection layer 204b having a lower light reflectance. Then, in order to suppress the reflection of other metal wirings formed by the liquid crystal 16 than the metal wiring layer and electrical elements having high reflectivity such as transistors, the two-layer structure metal wiring is formed in an optically shielding shape. If the film is patterned by etching at the same time as the formation of the wiring, if there is reflection from another member such as a transistor, a low reflection layer is similarly provided on the opposite side of the liquid crystal 16 layer of the member, A decrease in contrast can be prevented. At this time, an insulating layer or the like may be interposed between another member such as a transistor and the low reflection layer.
Note that the low reflection layer 204b is preferably black, but is not limited thereto.
Further, the low reflection layer 204b does not need to have a completely black two-layer structure, and the same effect can be expected if it is disposed in optical close contact with a shape that follows the shape of the conductive layer 204a. However, the two-layer structure is advantageous in terms of cost because the process needs only one transfer processing step.
The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to Embodiments 1 to 7, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the case where the liquid crystal display device is a TFT type has been described, but the same applies to a simple matrix type LCD (liquid crystal display device). Although the so-called line-sequential method has been described as an example of the writing method of the TFT liquid crystal panel, it is needless to say that the same effect can be obtained by changing the vertical direction of writing even in the dot-sequential method.
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the front light 6 side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is disposed on the outer side surface of the second main body 3, and the second polarizing means of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is provided on the inner side surface. Although the case where the surface on the 19th side is arranged has been described, the arrangement direction of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 may be reversed. In this case, when the second main body 3 is opened, the front light 6 is possible, and the display image can be visually recognized by external light or by turning on the front light 6. Therefore, when sufficient external light can be obtained, the display image can be visually recognized without consuming power due to the lighting of the front light 6. Furthermore, even when the second main body 3 is closed, transmissive display using the front light 6 as a backlight light source is possible, and the display image can be visually recognized by turning on the front light 6.
From the viewpoint of suppressing the electric power due to the lighting of the front light 6, the arrangement direction of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device 10 is determined depending on whether the second main body 3 is in a closed state or an open state for a long time. May be.
The above description has been made by taking the cellular phone as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and includes a first main body having various operation switches and a second main body having display means for visually displaying various information. If the information device has a main body that can be opened and closed with respect to the first main body, for example, a foldable PDA, a wristwatch that is openable and the first main body is fixed to the arm, a folding calculator, etc. Even if it is a thing, it can comprise similarly and the same effect is acquired.
For example, in a folding PDA, the image displayed on the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device with the second main body closed is, for example, a calendar, time, schedule, illustration, face photo, game app, map, Internet HP, Examples of the image to be displayed on the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device when the second main body is opened include a document creation screen, a mail operation screen, and a setting screen.
In an open / close-type wristwatch, examples of images displayed on the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device with the second main body closed include, for example, a calendar, time, etc., and a double-sided display with the second main body opened. Examples of images displayed on the liquid crystal display device include an alarm setting screen and a schedule setting screen.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is used as a display device for information equipment, and the same liquid crystal display is displayed both in the opened state and in the closed state. Although the case where the information apparatus which can visually recognize the display image by the apparatus has been described has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a setting switch not used at all times for home appliances such as a refrigerator, a microwave oven, and a cooler is provided. It can also be used as a display device that also serves as a cover that hides the setting switch in the device. Further, the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention can simultaneously display the displayed image from both sides of the first polarizing means side and the second polarizing means side, so that the battle type game is performed such that both face each other. It can also be used as a display device.
As described above, according to the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the liquid crystal, the first and second electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, and the first and second electrodes disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween. Two polarization means, a front light disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal of the first polarization means, and a part of the light from the front light side disposed on the second polarization means side of the liquid crystal and passing through the liquid crystal. The first polarizing means is optically disposed so as to absorb or transmit the light passing through the liquid crystal, and the second polarizing means passes through the liquid crystal and passes through the half liquid. Since it is optically arranged to absorb or transmit light that has passed through the transmissive reflecting means, the light that has passed through the first polarizing means and the liquid crystal from the front light side and reached the semi-transmissive reflecting means is the front light light. As well as some outside light Light that is transmitted through the semi-transmissive reflecting means and reaches the second polarizing means, and is modulated according to the driving state of the liquid crystal, passes through the second polarizing means, and is emitted to the outside of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device. (Transparent display). At this time, even if the surroundings are bright, the external light incident on the liquid crystal from the second polarizing means side is not reflected, so that a high contrast transmissive display is realized. In addition, a part of the light is reflected by the transflective reflecting means, passes through the liquid crystal again, reaches the first polarizing means, and the light modulated according to the driving state of the liquid crystal passes through the first polarizing means. Further, the light passes through the front light and is emitted to the outside of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device (reflection type display). As a result, there is an effect that it is possible to visually recognize a bright display image with excellent display quality from both sides of the first polarizing means side and the second polarizing means side.
Further, the transflective reflecting means is a reflecting plate that is disposed between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means and has a transmissive window that transmits part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. A part of the light that has passed through the first polarizing means and the liquid crystal from the light side and reached the reflecting plate passes through the transmission window of the reflecting plate and reaches the second polarizing means, and the rest is reflected by the reflecting plate. As a result of reaching the first polarizing means, an effect that the display image can be viewed from both sides of the first polarizing means side and the second polarizing means side is obtained.
Further, the first and second electrodes are transparent electrodes disposed between the liquid crystal and the first polarizing means and between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means, respectively, and the reflecting plate having a transmission window is the second electrode. Since it is arranged on the side opposite to the liquid crystal, a part of the light that has passed through the first polarizing means, the first electrode, the liquid crystal, and the second electrode from the front light side and reached the reflection plate having the transmission window is partly the reflection plate As a result of passing through the transmission window and reaching the second polarizing means, and the remaining part is reflected by the reflector and reaches the first polarizing means, the display image is viewed from both sides of the first polarizing means side and the second polarizing means side. The effect that it becomes possible to obtain is obtained.
Further, the transflective reflecting means is a reflective polarizing plate that is disposed between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means and reflects light having a predetermined polarization characteristic and transmits other light. The light having a predetermined polarization characteristic, which is a part of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal and reached the reflective polarizing plate, is reflected by the reflective polarizing plate and reaches the first polarizing means, and the remaining light generally passes through the reflective polarizing plate. As a result of passing through and reaching the second polarizing means, it is possible to obtain an effect that the display image can be viewed from both sides of the first polarizing means side and the second polarizing means side. At this time, since the entire area of the reflective polarizing plate is a reflective surface for light having a specific polarization characteristic, a high reflectance can be expected. Since it becomes a transmission part, high transmittance is expected.
Further, the liquid crystal is held between the first and second glass substrates disposed between the liquid crystal and the first and second polarizing means, and either one of the first and second glass substrates on the liquid crystal side. And a reflective polarizer is attached to the second substrate opposite to the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the second substrate is not more than 5 times the narrowest width of the color filter. The re-absorption of the reflected light by the color filter can be suppressed, and a bright reflected image can be visually recognized.
And a metal wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, and when the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the first polarizing means, between the metal wiring and the first polarizing means. In addition, when the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the reflective polarizing plate, the first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate is disposed between the metal wiring and the reflective polarizing plate. If it is between the first polarizing means, part of the light that has passed through the first polarizing means is reflected by the metal wiring, but the reflected light passes through the first 1 / 4λ phase difference plate twice in a reciprocating manner. Therefore, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees and cannot pass through the first polarizing means again. When the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the reflective polarizing plate, a part of the external light that has passed through the second polarizing means and the reflective polarizing plate is reflected by the metal wiring, but the reflected light is the first 1 Since the light passes through the / 4λ phase difference plate twice, the polarization direction rotates by 90 degrees and cannot pass through the reflective polarizing plate again. Therefore, the reflected light from the metal wiring does not reach the observer's eyes, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in contrast due to the reflected light from the metal wiring.
And a metal wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, on the opposite side of the metal wiring from the liquid crystal, and arranged in optical close contact with the shape following the metal wiring. Because the structure is provided with a low-reflective layer with lower light reflectivity, part of the light that has passed through the polarizing means on the opposite side of the metal wiring from the liquid crystal is reflected on the surface of the metal wiring, but low reflection Since there is a layer, reflection is suppressed and high contrast can be obtained.
In addition, according to the information device of the present invention, the first main body having various operation switches, and the second main body having display means for visually displaying various information and coupled to the first main body so as to be opened and closed. In the information apparatus, the display means includes a liquid crystal, first and second electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, first and second polarizing means disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween, A front light disposed on the side opposite to the liquid crystal of one polarizing means, and a semi-transmissive reflecting means that is disposed on the second polarizing means side of the liquid crystal and transmits part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. And a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device, wherein a window is provided on each of the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the casing that is inside when the second main body is closed, and the double-sided display type is provided on one of the windows. The front light side surface of the LCD Since the surface on the second polarizing means side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is arranged on the other side, the second main body is opened and closed without providing a new image display device. The effect that the display image by the same liquid crystal display device can be visually recognized is acquired.
Furthermore, the front light side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is disposed in the window provided on the outer side surface of the second main body, and the second polarizing means side of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is provided in the window provided on the inner side surface. Since the surface is arranged, when the second main body is closed, a reflective display with a front light is possible, and a display image can be visually recognized by external light or lighting of the front light. Therefore, when sufficient external light is obtained, the display image can be visually recognized without consuming electric power due to lighting of the front light. Further, even when the second main body is opened, transmissive display using the front light as a backlight light source is possible, and the display image can be visually recognized by turning on the front light.
And an open / close determining means for determining an open / closed state of the second main body, and a front light lighting switch for turning on the front light when it is determined that the second main body is open in conjunction with the open / close determining means. Since the front light is automatically turned on when the second main body is opened, the display image can be visually recognized.
Further, since the writing direction reversing means for reversing the writing direction of the display image data to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device vertically or horizontally is provided, when the second body opens and closes in the vertical direction, the second body In response to the open / closed state of the display, the writing direction of the display image data to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is reversed in the vertical direction. There is an effect that a display image in the correct direction can be visually recognized without changing when opening and closing.
Further, since the data conversion means for converting the data of the display image into data rearranged so that the top and bottom or the left and right are reversed is provided, when the second body is opened and closed in the up and down direction, the second body is opened and closed. Correspondingly, the display image data is converted into data rearranged so that the top and bottom are reversed, and when opening and closing in the left-right direction, the data is rearranged so that the left and right are reversed. There is an effect that it is possible to visually recognize a display image in the correct direction without changing when the body is opened and closed.
Further, since the data conversion means for reversing the gradation of the data of the display image is provided, it is possible to display in the correct original color even when the second main body is open or closed. Is obtained.
Further, since the second 1 / 4λ phase difference plate is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal of the second polarizing means of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device, the first polarizing plate is shielded from the display surface on the second polarizing means side. When viewing the display surface on the polarizing means side, it is possible to suppress the light transmitted from the semi-transmissive reflecting means to the second polarizing means side from being irregularly reflected by the shield and re-entering the liquid crystal display device. It is possible to suppress the blurring, the blurring of the image, and the decrease in contrast.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment using the same according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
3 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and an information device using the same. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
5 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and an information device using the same. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
7 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and an information device using the same according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and an information device using the same according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention and an information device using the same.
FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a transflective liquid crystal display device according to a conventional technique 2;
FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a transflective liquid crystal display device according to a conventional technique 3;
FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining an information device according to a conventional technique 4;
FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining a double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to prior art 5;
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1 main body, 2 switch, 3 2nd main body, 4 hinge, 5 transparent cover, 6 front light, 10 double-sided display type liquid crystal display device, 11 light source, 12 front light light guide plate, 13 CF side polarizing plate, 14 CF side Phase difference plate, 15 CF side glass substrate, 16 liquid crystal, 17 TFT array side glass substrate, 18 TFT array side phase difference plate, 19 TFT array side polarizing plate, 20 Gate TFT, 21 Reflective electrode, 22 Transmission window, 23 TFT array Side transparent electrode, 24 pixel electrode, 25 color filter (CF), 26 CF side transparent electrode, 27 insulating film, 31 first polarizing means, 32 second polarizing means, 33 first substrate, 34 second substrate, 35 first Electrode, 36 Second electrode, 37 First 1 / 4λ phase plate, 38 Third 1 / 4λ phase plate, 39 Reflective polarizing plate, 40 Second 1 / 4λ phase plate, 51 Gate Line, 52 gate driver, 54 source line, 55 source driver, 58 TFT array side reflective polarizing plate, 61 image signal generator, 62 open / close discriminating means, 63 writing direction reversing means, 64 data converting means, 78 CF side reflective polarizing plate , 100, 101a, 101b, 101c liquid crystal display panel, 110 reflecting means, 120 backlight means, 140 CF side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate, 180 TFT array side 1 / 4λ phase difference plate, 204 metal wiring, 204a conductive layer, 204b Low reflective layer, 210 1st substrate, 220 2nd substrate, 230 liquid crystal, 240 backlight, 260 reflective electrode, 301 1st main body, 302 2nd main body, 304 liquid crystal display, button switch for within / out-of-service area display function 307, various function button switches, 308 display lamp, 512 light guide plate 516 LCD, 519 second absorptive polarizer, 526 a transparent electrode, 531 a first absorptive polarizer, 539 second reflective polarizer, 550 scattering layer 599 first reflective polarizer.
The liquid crystal, the first and second electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, the first and second polarizing means disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween, and the first polarizing means disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal A front light; and a semi-transmissive reflecting means that is disposed on the second polarizing means side of the liquid crystal and transmits a part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. The first polarizing means passes through the liquid crystal. The second polarizing means is optically arranged to absorb or transmit the light passing through the liquid crystal and passing through the semi-transmissive reflecting means. A double-sided display type liquid crystal display device.
The transflective reflecting means is a reflecting plate that is disposed between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means and has a transmissive window that transmits part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to claim 1.
The first and second electrodes are transparent electrodes disposed between the liquid crystal and the first polarizing means and between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means, respectively, and the reflecting plate having a transmission window is the same as the liquid crystal of the second electrode. 3. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal display device is disposed on the opposite side.
The transflective reflecting means is a reflective polarizing plate that is disposed between the liquid crystal and the second polarizing means, reflects light having a predetermined polarization characteristic, and transmits other light. 2. A double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to 1.
5. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein the first and second glass substrates each holding the liquid crystal and disposed between the liquid crystal and the first and second polarizing means, respectively, and the first And a color filter on one liquid crystal side of the second glass substrate, and a reflective polarizing plate is attached to the opposite side of the second substrate to the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the second substrate is the narrowest of the color filter. 5. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein the width is 5 times or less.
A metal wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, and when the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the first polarizing means, between the metal wiring and the first polarizing means, 2. The first quarter-wave retardation plate is disposed between the metal wiring and the reflective polarizing plate when the metal wiring is between the liquid crystal and the reflective polarizing plate. Double-sided display type liquid crystal display device.
A metal wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, on the opposite side of the metal wiring from the liquid crystal, and arranged in optically close contact with the shape following the metal wiring than the metal wiring 2. The double-sided display type liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a low reflection layer having a low light reflectance.
In an information device comprising a first main body having various operation switches and a second main body having display means for visually displaying various information and coupled to the first main body so as to be openable and closable, the display means includes: The liquid crystal, first and second electrodes for driving the liquid crystal, first and second polarizing means disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween, and the first polarizing means disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal. A double-sided display type liquid crystal display device comprising: a front light; and a transflective reflecting means that is disposed on the second polarizing means side of the liquid crystal and transmits part of the light from the front light side that has passed through the liquid crystal. The second body is provided with windows on the inner side and the outer side of the casing that are inside when the second body is closed, and the front light side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is disposed on one of the windows. On the other hand, the double-sided display type liquid crystal display Information apparatus, wherein a surface of the second polarizing means side of the location is arranged.
The front light side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is disposed in the window provided on the outer side surface of the second main body, and the second polarizing means side surface of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device is disposed on the window provided on the inner side surface. The information device according to claim 8, wherein the information device is arranged.
Open / close determining means for determining the open / closed state of the second main body, and a front light lighting switch for turning on the front light when it is determined that the second main body is open in conjunction with the open / close determining means. The information device according to claim 9, wherein
9. The information apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising writing direction reversing means for reversing the writing direction of display image data to each pixel of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device vertically or horizontally.
9. The information apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising data conversion means for converting display image data into data rearranged so that the image is vertically or horizontally reversed.
9. The information device according to claim 8, further comprising data conversion means for reversing the gradation of display image data.
9. The information apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a second 1 / 4λ phase difference plate is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal of the second polarizing means of the double-sided display type liquid crystal display device.
JP2002088476A 2001-09-14 2002-03-27 Double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3941561B2 (en)
JP2001279527 2001-09-14
JP2001-279527 2001-09-14
JP2002088476A JP3941561B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2002-03-27 Double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment
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EP02736023A EP1426810A4 (en) 2001-09-14 2002-06-07 Bi-planar liquid crystal display and information device
EP08102995A EP1942368A1 (en) 2001-09-14 2002-06-07 Double-sided liquid crystal display device and information appliance
US10/432,169 US7002649B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2002-06-07 Double-side liquid crystal display device and information appliance
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JP2003161941A JP2003161941A (en) 2003-06-06
JP3941561B2 true JP3941561B2 (en) 2007-07-04
ID=26622220
JP2002088476A Expired - Fee Related JP3941561B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2002-03-27 Double-sided display type liquid crystal display device and information equipment
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JP (1) JP3941561B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1302320C (en)
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2002-06-07 WO PCT/JP2002/005645 patent/WO2003025662A1/en active Application Filing
2002-06-07 EP EP08102995A patent/EP1942368A1/en not_active Withdrawn
2002-06-07 US US10/432,169 patent/US7002649B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
2002-06-07 EP EP02736023A patent/EP1426810A4/en not_active Withdrawn
2002-06-07 CN CNB028033337A patent/CN1302320C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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