Source: https://en.b-ok.org/book/1188573/f1c6c5
Timestamp: 2020-01-17 12:45:09
Document Index: 660007331

Matched Legal Cases: ['ewca ', 'Art 10', 'Art 8', 'Art 6', 'Art 10', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'Application no. 44866', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKPC ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'UKHL ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ', 'EWCA ']

Modern Tort Law (Seventh edition) | Vivienne Harpwood | download
Main Modern Tort Law (Seventh edition)
ISBN 10: 0-203-86881-1
ISBN 13: 9780203868812
claimant1154
tort927
liability838
negligence740
damages726
defendant525
defence414
breach391
ewca civ382
nuisance372
house of lords341
compensation303
psychiatric296
wlr287
tort law266
modern tort247
modern tort law244
defendants242
statutory239
claimants230
injuries229
trespass226
award211
negligent208
ewhc196
employer193
occupiers187
psychiatric injury186
premises185
defamation184
torts175
unreported147
ukhl145
chief constable143
consent139
occupier122
statutory duty121
foreseeable115
libel109
defences103
limitation103
contributory negligence103
interference101
breach of duty98
nhs trust92
Târîhî Türk Şîveleri
SEVİNÇ MATBAASI
Modern Tort Law is a comprehensive, accessible and up-to-date introduction to the law of
tort. Now in its seventh edition, Vivienne Harpwood’s popular, student-friendly text
explains the principles of all aspects of tort law in a lively and thought-provoking
manner. The broad coverage of modern tort law makes this an ideal textbook for any
undergraduate tort law course.
Students are encouraged to understand and apply the principles of tort law effectively throughout, and particular attention is paid to the context within which the law is
evolving, making these topics both accessible and enjoyable.
This seventh edition has been revised and updated to take into account developments since publication of the previous edition including in the areas of privacy, negligence, personal injury and defamation. Human Rights issues are integrated throughout
the text rather than treating the topic in isolation, in line with the way the subject is
commonly taught.
advice on further reading at the end of each chapter which is intended to point
students towards sources of further study and critical debate
Modern Tort Law is now supported by a Companion Website which offers lecturer
resources available to adopters of the book, including ‘think points’ designed to encourage reflection and debate and PowerPoints of diagrams and flowcharts contained within
the text. A dedicated student section also offers weblinks, a flashcard glossary and a test
bank of multiple choice questions.
http://www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780415458467
Vivienne Harpwood is Professor of Law and Course Director for the LLM degree at
Cardiff Law School. She lectures and publishes widely in the fields of tort and medical
law, and her main research interests are general aspects of the law of tort, clinical
negligence and the institutional framework of healthcare.
Seventh edition published 2009 by Routledge-Cavendish
© 2003, 2005, 2009 Harpwood, V
Harpwood, Vivienne.
Modern tort law / Vivienne Harpwood. – 7th ed.
1. Torts–England. 2. Torts–Wales. I. Title.
KD1949.H37 2008
346.4203–dc22
2008015010
ISBN 0-203-86881-1 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 10: 0-415-45845-5 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-45845-0 (hbk)
ISBN 10: 0-415-45846-3 (pbk)
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-45846-7 (pbk)
Tort is a broad church and many hymns, ancient and modern, can be heard within it. It is
an ideal subject for undergraduate study because it shows how the law develops and
responds to changing social and economic conditions. The origins of tort can be traced
to the early years of the last millennium and it has survived to enter this millennium
while still undergoing a process of evolution. Jurisprudentially, it is intriguing because
it demonstrates the shifting boundaries of judicial creativity. All the traditional subject
matter of tort is analysed here in detail but particular emphasis is placed on exploration
of complex and contentious areas and topics which students find perplexing.
This seventh edition updates the material in the previous edition in the light of
recent developments in this fast moving area of law. There is discussion of numerous
cases decided at appellate level, including those concerning duty of care, liability for
psychiatric injury, breach of duty, quantum and occupiers’ liability, as well as other
mainstream areas of tort studied on undergraduate and professional courses. Developments concerning the effects of the Human Rights Act 1998 on the law of tort are also
discussed. The substantive law is set in the context of the Civil Procedure Rules 1998,
changes in the availability of public funding and other institutional and social changes.
The book is carefully structured and has been updated with the student very much in
This book is the product of many years of lecturing and tutoring tort and would not
have been possible without the stimulus and encouragement of colleagues and students
Vivienne Harpwood 2008
Duties fixed by law
Choosing tort or contract
INSURANCE AND THE LAW OF TORT
OTHER SYSTEMS OF COMPENSATION
An illustration of the operation of the tort system
Are the objectives of tort met in this case?
INTRODUCTION TO THE TORT OF NEGLIGENCE
DONOGHUE v STEVENSON AND THE MODERN TORT OF
What must be proved: duty; breach; damage
THE TEST FOR DETERMINING THE EXISTENCE OF A DUTY
What is fair, just and reasonable
THE OPERATION OF JUDICIAL POLICY IN NEGLIGENCE
DEFINITION OF ‘POLICY’
FACTORS INFLUENCING JUDICIAL POLICY
LATENT POLICY DECISIONS
THE INCREMENTAL APPROACH – THE THREE-STAGE TEST
DUTY OF CARE – PSYCHIATRIC INJURY
Recognised symptoms of psychiatric injury
Fear for relatives and friends
The ‘area of shock’ theory
EXPANSION OF LIABILITY IN THE 20TH CENTURY
Cases involving the ‘immediate aftermath’
CONTRACTION OF LIABILITY FOR NERVOUS SHOCK
Restrictions on the scope of the duty
The close tie of love and affection
The means by which the shock was sustained
Breaking ‘bad’ news
THE IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF ALCOCK
Pre-accident terror
Rescuers – a new approach
Sudden shock or slow appreciation
The immediate aftermath again
A summary of developments since Alcock
THE FUTURE OF PSYCHIATRIC INJURY CLAIMS – A
Psychiatric injury suffered in the workplace
Liability for psychiatric injury at work under the
PSYCHIATRIC INJURY AND OTHER TORTS
DUTY OF CARE – ECONOMIC LOSS
ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY CARELESS STATEMENTS
A ‘case by case’ approach
Summary of Caparo
Statements made by a third party
Advice as opposed to information
ECONOMIC LOSS CAUSED BY NEGLIGENT ACTS
‘Pure’ economic loss distinguished from other types of
The ‘high-water’ mark
The courts recognise the artificial distinctions made in
The new limits on liability
DUTY OF CARE – SOME PROBLEM AREAS
APPLICATION OF THE LAST LIMB OF THE CAPARO v
DICKMAN TEST
CLAIMANT IS A MEMBER OF AN INDETERMINATELY
LARGE CLASS OF PERSONS
CLAIMANT CAUSED HIS OR HER OWN MISFORTUNE
6.10 LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND NHS ORGANISATIONS
Health authorities and local authorities
DUTIES OWED BY THE EMERGENCY SERVICES
BREACH OF DUTY – THE STANDARD OF CARE
THE ‘REASONABLE MAN’ TEST
Reasonable assessment of risk
Unforeseeable risk cannot be anticipated
The utility of the conduct
The expense of taking precautions
Contributory negligence and the standard of care
Carers and organisers
Experts, professionals and people with special skills
Some criticisms of Bolam
Challenges to Bolam: the modified test in Bolitho
The wider implications of Bolitho
Clinical negligence and consent to treatment: failure to
PROOF OF BREACH AND RES IPSA LOQUITUR
Control by the defendant
RES IPSA LOQUITUR AND MEDICAL CASES
EFFECTS OF RES IPSA LOQUITUR
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAUSATION AND
A typical examination problem
The ‘dilemma’ principle
The claimant was not responsible for his own acts
The foreseeability of the intervening act
Several cases in which there are several possible causes
PROBLEMS IN PROVING CAUSATION
CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE AND CAUSATION
Was the direct consequences rule fair?
What damage must be foreseeable?
Confusion between the duty and remoteness levels
Policy issues in remoteness
Applying the rules: an example
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE REMOTENESS RULES
The statute was intended to create civil liability
The statutory duty was owed to the individual claimant
The statutory duty was imposed on the particular
The defendant was in breach of the statutory duty
The damage must be of a type which the statute
The injury must have been caused by the defendant’s
Breaches of European legislation
10 OCCUPIERS’ LIABILITY
10.2 LIABILITY UNDER THE OCCUPIERS’ LIABILITY ACT 1957
What is meant by the word ‘occupier’?
What is meant by the word ‘premises’?
What is ‘the common duty of care’?
Risks ordinarily incidental to particular occupations
10.4 DISCHARGE OF THE DUTY OF CARE
Examples of warning notices
The Occupiers’ Liability Act 1984 concession to business
Exclusions of liability to contractors
Liability of occupiers for damage and injury caused by
10.6 DEFENCES AVAILABLE UNDER THE OCCUPIERS’
Volenti (consent)
10.7 LIABILITY FOR PERSONS OTHER THAN ‘VISITORS’
Trespassers defined
The harsh common law cases
The duty of common humanity
10.8 LIABILITY UNDER THE OCCUPIERS’ LIABILITY ACT 1984
Persons exercising a statutory right of way
Persons exercising a private right of way
Trespassers, both children and adults
10.9 THE NATURE OF THE STATUTORY DUTY
10.10 EXCLUDING LIABILITY UNDER THE OCCUPIERS’
LIABILITY ACT 1984
10.11 LIABILITY OF PEOPLE OTHER THAN OCCUPIERS FOR
10.11.1 Independent contractors
10.11.2 Landlords
10.11.3 Builders
10.11.4 Developments at common law
10.11.5 Limitations to s 1
11 TORTS RELATING TO LAND
11.2 TRESPASS TO LAND
Entering upon land
Trespass to the airspace
Trespass to the ground beneath the surface
Trespass by entry onto the land itself
Trespass by placing things on land
Trespass to the highway
11.2.10 ‘In the possession of the claimant’
11.2.11 ‘Without lawful justification’ (defences)
11.2.12 Trespass is actionable per se
11.3 REMEDIES FOR TRESPASS
A claim for recovery of the land
Re-entry and defence of property
An action for mesne profits
11.4 NUISANCE
11.5 STATUTORY NUISANCE
11.6 PUBLIC NUISANCE
A class of Her Majesty’s subjects
11.7 HIGHWAY NUISANCE
Unreasonable use and obstruction of the highway
Threats to the highway from adjoining premises
Defences to public nuisance
11.8 REMEDIES FOR PUBLIC NUISANCE
11.9 THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
11.10 PRIVATE NUISANCE
11.10.1 Outline definition
11.10.2 Continuous interference
11.10.3 Unlawful interference
11.10.4 Indirect interference
11.10.5 Interference with the use or enjoyment of land or some
right over or in connection with it
11.10.6 Who can claim in private nuisance?
11.10.7 Proof of damage is usually necessary
11.10.8 The relationship between private nuisance and
11.10.9 Who can be sued for private nuisance?
11.11 DEFENCES TO PRIVATE NUISANCE
11.11.1 Prescription
11.11.2 Statutory authority
11.12 REMEDIES FOR PRIVATE NUISANCE
11.12.1 Damages
11.12.2 Injunction
11.12.3 Abatement of the nuisance
11.12.4 Anti-Social Behaviour Orders
11.12.5 Party Wall, etc, Act 1996 and High Hedges Bill 2003
11.13 THE RULE IN RYLANDS v FLETCHER
11.13.1 Facts of the case
11.13.2 The rule
11.13.3 The person who brings onto his land
11.13.4 For his own purposes
11.13.5 Non-natural user
11.13.6 Something likely to do mischief
11.13.7 Escape
11.13.8 Who can sue under Rylands v Fletcher and for what
11.13.9 Is prima facie answerable for all the damage which is the
natural consequence of the escape?
11.13.10 Defences
11.13.11 What will become of the rule in Rylands v Fletcher?
11.14 LIABILITY FOR FIRE
11.14.1 Common law
11.14.2 Statute
11.15 DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN VARIOUS TORTS TO LAND
12.1 COMMON LAW RELATING TO ANIMALS
12.2 THE ANIMALS ACT 1971
Characteristics of the particular animal
The likelihood of the damage being caused or of its being
Characteristics known to that keeper, etc
Damage by dogs to livestock
12.3 LIVESTOCK
13 TORTS TO THE PERSON
13.2 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIVIL LAW AND CRIMINAL
13.3 COMPENSATION ORDERS
13.4 IMPORTANT DRAWBACKS
13.5 CLAIMS AGAINST THE POLICE
13.6 ASSAULT AND BATTERY
13.7 FALSE IMPRISONMENT
Restraint is necessary
Restraint must be ‘total’
Knowledge of the restraint at the time is not necessary
13.8 DEFENCES TO ASSAULT, BATTERY AND FALSE
Consent to the taking of bodily samples
Lawful arrest, detention and stop and search
13.8.10 Limitations
13.9 REMEDIES
13.10 THE TORT IN WILKINSON v DOWNTON
14 EMPLOYERS’ LIABILITY
14.2 PRIMARY LIABILITY
14.3 COMMON LAW DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS TO EMPLOYEES
Duty to employ competent staff
Duty to provide proper plant and equipment
Duty to provide safe work systems
Duty to ensure health and safety
15.1 THE POSITION IN CONTRACT
Disadvantages of contract
15.2 CREDIT USERS
15.3 THE POSITION IN TORT
Disadvantages of tort
Continued relevance of negligence
15.4 CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 1987
Warnings, labelling and get-up
The type of damage to which strict liability applies
Defences under the Consumer Protection Act 1987 (s 4)
15.5 WHAT DIFFERENCE DOES THE CONSUMER PROTECTION
ACT 1987 REALLY MAKE?
16.1 VICARIOUS LIABILITY
16.2 EMPLOYEES OR INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS?
16.3 THE NATURE OF THE EMPLOYMENT TEST
16.4 THE CONTROL TEST
Professional people’s perceptions and the control test
Skilled workers’ perceptions and the control test
16.5 THE ‘INTEGRAL PART OF THE BUSINESS’ TEST
Is the worker paid a wage or a lump sum for the job?
Was the worker in business on his own account?
Who had the power to hire and fire the employee?
16.6 SOME MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS
16.7 THE COURSE OF EMPLOYMENT
Authorised and unauthorised acts
16.8 THE LISTER v ROMFORD ICE PRINCIPLE
17 TRESPASS TO GOODS
17.1 THE COMMON LAW
Action for damage to reversionary interests in goods
18 DEFAMATION AND OTHER TORTS AFFECTING THE
18.1 FREEDOM OF SPEECH, THE MEDIA AND THE LAW
18.2 LIBEL AND SLANDER
18.3 WHO CAN SUE FOR DEFAMATION?
18.4 A WORKING DEFINITION OF DEFAMATION
Statements which were not ‘published’
Referring to the claimant
18.5 ‘WITHOUT LAWFUL JUSTIFICATION’ – DEFENCES
Apology and payment into court
Apology and mitigation
Offer of amends procedure under s 3 of the Defamation
Act 1996, embodied in CPR Pt 53
Unqualified offer of amends under s 2 of the Defamation
18.5.10 The Electronic Commerce (EC Directive) Regulations
18.5.11 Absolute privilege
18.5.12 Qualified privilege
18.5.13 Fair comment on a matter of public interest
18.5.14 Limitation period
18.6 REMEDIES FOR DEFAMATION
Art 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights
Art 8 considerations
A fair trial: Art 6 considerations
18.8 REFORM OF THE LAW OF DEFAMATION
18.8.1 Defamation Act 1996
18.9 THE IMPACT OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
18.10 MALICIOUS FALSEHOOD
18.11 MALICIOUS PROSECUTION
18.11.1 A prosecution
18.11.2 Without reasonable and probable cause
18.11.3 Initiated by malice
18.11.4 The case must be resolved in the claimant’s favour
18.11.5 Damage
18.12 MALICIOUS ABUSE OF PROCESS
19 THE PROTECTION OF PRIVACY
19.2 THE TYPE OF ACTION
The claim for breach of confidence
The development of a UK law of privacy
19.3 THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998
The scope of the human rights jurisprudence
UK responses to claims based on protection of
19.4 HUMAN RIGHTS CLAIMS FOR WRONGFUL
The two articles must be balanced
Human Rights Act 1998, s 12
What is private information in Human Rights law?
Factors indicating the reasonable expectation of privacy.
The form in which the information was held
The way in which the information was obtained
The results or consequences of publication
19.5 BALANCING THE COMPETING RIGHTS
Material already in the public domain
Those who court publicity
Public interest and public figures
The degree of distress that a person may suffer
Right to freedom of expression under Art 10
20 REMEDIES IN TORT
20.1 DAMAGES
How accurate is tort compensation?
How fair is tort compensation?
How efficient is tort compensation?
20.2 TYPES OF DAMAGES
20.3 DEDUCTIONS FROM DAMAGES
20.4 CALCULATION OF SPECIAL DAMAGES
Reasonable expenses to the date of the trial
Expenses to cover special facilities and living
20.5 CALCULATION OF GENERAL DAMAGES
20.6 PECUNIARY LOSSES
Loss of future earnings and initial care
Loss of future earnings and very young claimants
Deductions from the multiplier
Other future losses
20.7 NON-PECUNIARY LOSSES
Levels of general damages
Interference with consortium
20.8 DAMAGES PAYABLE ON DEATH
Survival of existing causes of action
Death as a cause of action: loss of dependency
Non-financial dependency
20.9 INTEREST ON DAMAGES
20.10 NEW METHODS OF PAYING DAMAGES IN PERSONAL
20.10.1 Split trials and interim damages
20.10.2 Provisional damages
20.10.3 Structured settlements
20.11 PROPERTY DAMAGE
20.12 ECONOMIC LOSS
20.13 SOME RECENT SUMS AWARDED IN PERSONAL INJURY
20.13.1 Clinical negligence
20.13.2 General claims for damages for personal injuries
20.14 INJUNCTIONS
20.15 OTHER REMEDIES IN TORT
20.16 JOINT AND SEVERAL TORTFEASORS
21 DEFENCES IN TORT
The last opportunity rule
The standard of care in contributory negligence
Causation in contributory negligence
Who benefits from the rule?
21.2 VOLENTI NON FIT INJURIA (CONSENT)
21.3 CONSENT IN THE MEDICAL CONTEXT
21.4 EXCLUSION CLAUSES AND CONSENT
21.5 EX TURPI CAUSA NON ORITUR ACTIO (ILLEGALITY)
21.6 INEVITABLE ACCIDENT
21.7 MISTAKE
21.8 NECESSITY
21.9 SELF-DEFENCE AND DEFENCE OF PROPERTY
21.10 LIMITATION OF ACTIONS
21.10.1 Limitation period in tort
21.10.2 Limitation period in defamation
21.10.3 Limitation period in personal injuries cases
21.10.4 Latent damage
21.10.5 Consumer Protection Act 1987
21.10.6 Persons under a disability
21.11 ACCRUAL OF THE CAUSE OF ACTION
21.11.1 Claims outside the limitation period
21.11.2 New developments
21.11.3 Child abuse and other cases of deliberate injuru
22 CRITICISMS OF TORT – REFORMS
22.1 SOME CRITICISMS OF TORT
Failure to meet its objectives
22.2 CRITICISMS OF THE LEGAL SYSTEM
22.3 REFORM OF TORT
22.4 CHANGES IN SUBSTANTIVE LAW
Reform of tort law through the Human Rights Act 1998
Section 1 of the Compensation Act 2006
Judicial interventions and the role of policy
22.5 THE VALUE OF TORT
A, B and Others v Leeds Teaching Hospital & Another [2004] EWHC 644 ............................................... 29, 48, 366
A & B v Essex County Council [2003] EWCA Civ 1848; [2002] EWHC 2707 (QB); [2003] 1 FLR 615;
[2004] 1 WLR 1881 ......................................................................................................................... 30, 51, 64, 113, 125
A v B Hospitals NHS Trust [2006] EWHC 1178 (QB) ................................................................................................ 441
A v B plc [2002] EWCA Civ 307 .................................................................................................................................... 413
A v Hoare; C v Middlesbrough Council; X v Wandsworth LBC; H v Suffolk County Council;
Young v Catholic Care [2008] UKHL 6 .......................................................................... 62, 119, 313, 361, 492, 493
A v National Blood Authority [2001] 3 All ER 289 ............................................................................................ 344, 346
A v United Kingdom [1998] 2 FLR 959 ........................................................................................................................ 306
Abbahall v Smee [2002] EWCA Civ 1831 .................................................................................................................... 256
AD v Bury Metropolitan Borough Council [2006] EWCA Civ 1 ............................................................................. 117
AD v East Kent Community NHS Trust [2002] EWCA Civ 1872 ............................................................................ 445
Adams v Rhymney Valley DC (2000) 150 NLJ 1231 .................................................................................................. 155
Addie (Robert) & Sons (Collieries) Ltd v Dumbreck [1929] All ER 1 ............................................................. 215, 216
Ahanonu v South East London & Kent Bus Co Ltd (23/01/2008) ...................................................................... 141–2
Aiken v Stewart Wrightson Members Agency Ltd [1995] 1 WLR 1281 .............................................................. 30, 81
Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1992] 1 AC 310;
[1991] 4 All ER 907 ...................................................................... 38, 42, 44, 45, 46–8, 50, 54, 59, 63, 64, 68, 69, 329
Alexander and Others v Midland Bank plc [2000] ICR 464 ..................................................................................... 324
Alexander v Arts Council for Wales [2001] 1 WLR 1840 .......................................................................................... 390
Alexandrou v Oxford [1993] 4 All ER 328 ................................................................................................... 100, 101, 105
Allason v Campbell (1996) The Times, 8 May ............................................................................................................ 403
Allen v Bloomsbury HA [1993] 1 All ER 651 .............................................................................................................. 448
Allen v Gulf Oil Refining Ltd [1981] 1 AC 1001 ................................................................................................. 249, 269
Allied Maples Group Ltd v Simmons and Simmons [1995] 1 WLR 1602 .............................................. 171, 173, 446
Allin v City and Hackney HA [1996] 7 Med LR 167 .............................................................................................. 48, 70
Allsop v Church of England Newspaper Ltd [1972] 2 QB 161 ................................................................................ 378
American Cyanamid Co v Ethicon [1975] AC 396 ..................................................................................................... 464
Ancell v McDermott and Another [1993] 2 QB 161; [1993] 4 All ER 355 ............................................ 30, 99, 101, 105
Anchor Brewhouse Developments Ltd and Others v Berkley House (Docklands Developments)
[1987] 38 BLR 82; (1987) 284 EG 625 ..................................................................................................................... 233
Anderson v Bryan (2000) unreported, 16 June ........................................................................................................... 234
Anderson v Davis [1993] PIQR 87 ................................................................................................................................ 446
Andrews and Others v Secretary of State for Health (2000) 54 BMLR 111 .............................................................. 58
Andrews v Schooling [1991] 3 All ER 723 ................................................................................................................... 227
Aneco Reinsurance Underwriting Ltd v Johnson and Higgins Ltd [2001] UKHL 51 ............................................ 85
Anns v Merton BC [1978] AC 728 ........................................................................................ 30, 88, 89, 92, 100, 121, 225
Appleton v El Safty [2007] EWHC 631 (QB) ............................................................................................................... 447
Appleton v Garrett [1996] PIQR 1 ................................................................................................................................ 307
Archer (Jeffrey) v The Star (1987) unreported ............................................................................................................ 383
Armstrong v Cottrell [1993] PIQR P109, CA ............................................................................................................... 138
Arnott (Raymond and Sheila) v United Kingdom Application no. 44866/98 3 October 2000 ........................... 414
Arscott v The Coal Authority [2004] EWCA Civ 892 ............................................................................................ 9, 254
Arthur v Anker [1995] QB 564 .............................................................................................................................. 235, 366
Ashdown v Samuel Williams & Sons Ltd [1957] 1 QB 409 ....................................................................................... 212
Ashton v Turner [1981] QB 137 ..................................................................................................................................... 483
Associated Provincial Picture Houses v Wednesbury Corpn [1948] 1 KB 223, [1947] 2 All ER 680 ................... 405
Atkins v Seghal [2003] EWCA Civ 697 ................................................................................................................ 58–9, 70
Atkinson v Croydon Corpn (1938) unreported .......................................................................................................... 192
Attia v British Gas [1987] 3 All ER 455 ............................................................................................................ 45, 46, 279
Attorney General of Ontario v Orange (1971) 21 DLR 257 ....................................................................................... 243
Attorney General v Corke [1933] Ch 89 ...................................................................................................................... 273
Attorney General v Cory Bros [1921] 1 AC 521 .......................................................................................................... 277
Attorney General v Guardian Newspapers (No 2) [1990] 1 AC 109 ....................................................... 408, 412, 416
Attorney General v Hastings Corpn (1950) SJ 225 ..................................................................................................... 244
Attorney General v Observer Newspaper & Others (Spycatcher case) [1987] 1 WLR 1248 ......................... 399, 411
Attorney General v PYA Quarries [1957] 2 QB 169 ........................................................................................... 243, 244
Austin and Another v Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis [2007] EWCA Civ 989 ................. 301, 302, 313
Australian Broadcasting Corporation v Lenah Game Meats Ltd (2001) 208 CLR 199 ......................................... 412
Re B (A Minor) (Wardship: Medical Treatment) [1981] 1 WLR 1421 ....................................................................... 477
Re B (A Minor) (Wardship, Sterilisation) [1987] 2 WLR 1213 ................................................................................... 309
B & Q plc v Liverpool and Lancashire Properties Ltd [2000] 1 EGLR 92 ............................................................... 259
B v An NHS Hospital Trust [2002] EWCA 429 ................................................................................................... 307, 477
B v Croydon District HA (1994) 22 BMLR 13 ............................................................................................................. 308
B v Reading Borough Council and Others [2007] EWCA Civ 1313; The Times, December 27, 2007 ................. 118
BA v Tameside & Glossop HA (1997) 35 BMLR 79 ...................................................................................................... 48
Babbings v Kirklees Metropolitan Borough Council [2004] EWCA Civ 1431 ....................................................... 156
Badger v MoD [2005] EWHC 2941 (QB) ...................................................................................................................... 469
Bailey v Asplin (2000) unreported ............................................................................................................................... 219
Baker v James Bros [1921] 2 KB 674 ............................................................................................................................. 326
Baker v Willoughby [1970] AC 467 .......................................................................................................................... 168–9
Balfour v Barty-King [1957] 1 All ER 156 ............................................................................................................ 279, 319
Ball v Street [2005] EWCA Civ 76 ......................................................................................................................... 190, 336
Ballard, Stewart-Park and Findlay v Metropolitan Police Comr (1983) 113 NLJ Law Rep 1133 ................ 300, 312
Ballard v Tomlinson (1885) 29 Ch D 115 ..................................................................................................................... 266
Banks v Ablex Ltd [2005] EWCA Civ 173 ................................................................................................................... 353
Banque Bruxelles Lambert SA v Eagle Star Insurance Co Ltd [1995] 2 All ER 769 ............................................... 184
Barber v Somerset County Council [2004] UKHL 13; [2004] 2 All ER 385;
[2002] EWCA Civ 76 ............................................................................................................... 51, 66, 183, 330–1, 332
Barker v Corus [2006] UKHL 20 ................................................................................................................................... 173
Barker v Saint-Gobain Pipelines plc [2004] EWCA Civ 545 ..................................................................................... 173
Barnes v Nayer (1986) The Times, 19 December ........................................................................................................ 306
Barnet v Chelsea and Kensington Hospital Management Committee [1969] 1 QB 428 ................... 109, 139, 162–3
Barrett v London Borough of Enfield (1998) 8 PIQR; [2001] 2 AC 550 ..................... 30, 120, 121, 125, 126, 190, 247
Barrett v Ministry of Defence [1995] 3 All ER 87 ............................................................................................... 140, 453
Barry v Ablerex Construction (Midlands) Ltd [2001] EWCA Civ 433 .................................................................... 433
Barwick v Joint Stock Bank (1867) LR 2 Ex 259 .......................................................................................................... 363
Basely v Clarkson (1681) 3 LEV 37 ............................................................................................................................... 486
Batty v Metropolitan Property Realisations [1978] QB 554 .................................................................................... 88–9
Bayley v MSL Rly Co (1873) LR 8 CP 148 .................................................................................................................... 361
Beard v London General Omnibus Co [1900] 2 QB 530 ............................................................................................ 362
Beary v Pall Mall Investments [2005] EWCA Civ 415 ............................................................................................... 168
Beaton v Devon CC [2002] EWCA Civ 1675 ............................................................................................................... 209
Beaulane Properties Ltd v Palmer [2005] EWHC 25 (Ch D) .................................................................................... 239
Beaumont v Surrey CC (1968) 66 LGR 580 ................................................................................................................. 156
Beech v Freeson [1972] 1 QB 14 .................................................................................................................................... 393
Behrens v Bertram Mills Circus [1957] 1 All ER 583 .................................................................................................. 292
Bennett v NHS Litigation Authority (2001) ................................................................................................................ 151
Bernstein v Skyviews and General Ltd [1978] QB 479 .............................................................................................. 233
Best v Staffordshire University; Wheeldon v HSBC Bank Ltd [2004] EWCA Civ 06 ........................................... 332
Bici v Ministry of Defence [2004] EWHC 786 (QB) ............................................................................................ 305, 360
Biesheuvel v Birrell (1998) unreported ........................................................................................................................ 471
Billings (AC) & Sons Ltd v Riden [1958] AC 240 ....................................................................................................... 223
Birch v Mills [1995] 9 CL 354 ......................................................................................................................................... 284
Bird v Holbrook (1828) 4 Bing 628 ............................................................................................................................... 305
Bird v Jones (1848) 7 QB 742 ......................................................................................................................................... 302
Black v Davies [2004] EWHC 885 QB ............................................................................................................................ 86
Blackburn v ARC Ltd [1998] Env LR 469 .................................................................................................................... 255
Blake v Galloway [2004] EWCA Civ 814 ..................................................................................................................... 139
Bland v Airedale NHS Trust [1993] AC 789 ................................................................................................................ 449
Bland v Morris [2005] EWHC 71 (QB) ......................................................................................................................... 143
Bliss v Hall (1838) 4 Bing NC 183 ................................................................................................................................. 259
Bluck v Information Commissioner [2007] 98 BMLR 10 ................................................................................... 412, 417
Bluett v Suffolk County Council [2004] EWCA Civ 1707 ................................................................................. 113, 120
Blythe v Birmingham Waterworks (1865) 11 Ex 781 ................................................................................................. 130
Blythe v Bloomsbury HA [1987] 5 PN 167 .................................................................................................................. 307
Bolam v Friern Hospital Management Committee (1957) 101 SJ 357;
[1957] 2 All ER 118 .............................................................................. 109, 143–4, 145, 147, 148, 307, 310, 326, 482
Bolitho v City and Hackney HA [1992] PIQR P334; (1997) 39 BMLR 1, HL;
[1997] 4 All ER 771 ............................................................................................ 145–50, 152, 167, 168, 307, 310, 482
Bolton v Stone [1951] AC 850 ................................................................................................................................ 132, 265
Bolwell v Redcliffe Homes [1999] PIQR P243 ............................................................................................................ 359
Bone v Searle [1975] 1 All ER 787 ................................................................................................................................. 259
Bonnick v Morris and Another [2002] UKPC 31 ........................................................................................................ 376
Bonnington Castings v Wardlaw [1956] 1 All ER 615 ............................................................................................... 170
Bottomley v Banister [1932] 1 KB 458 .......................................................................................................................... 224
Bottomley v Todmorden Cricket Club [2003] EWCA Civ 1574 ............................................................................... 213
Bourgoin SA v Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food [1986] QB 716 .......................................................... 197
Bourhill v Young [1943] AC 92 ................................................................................................................... 43, 62, 68, 182
Bower v Peate (1876) 1 QBD 321 .................................................................................................................................. 320
Bowlt v Clark [2006] EWCA Civ 978 ........................................................................................................................... 287
Boyle and Others v McDonalds Restaurants Ltd [2002] EWHC 490 ...................................................................... 345
Bradburn v Great Western Railway Co (1874) LR 10 Exch 1 ............................................................................ 426, 436
Bradburn v Lindsay [1983] 2 All ER 408 ..................................................................................................................... 258
Bradford Corp v Pickles [1895] AC 587 ........................................................................................................... 9, 125, 257
Bradford v Robinson Rentals [1967] 1 All ER 267 ...................................................................................................... 181
Bradford-Smart v West Sussex CC [2002] EWCA Civ 7 ................................................................................ 59, 66, 126
Brady v Warren [1900] 2 IR 632 .................................................................................................................................... 284
BRB (Residency) Ltd v Cully (2001) WL 1476357 ...................................................................................................... 239
Brennan v Airtours plc (1999) The Times, 1 February .......................................................................................... 468–9
Brett v Lewisham London Borough Council (1999) unreported ............................................................................. 196
Brice v Brown [1984] 1 All ER 997 .................................................................................................................................. 43
Bridlington Relay v Yorkshire Electricity Board [1965] 1 All ER 264 ...................................................................... 260
Brigham (Rupert St John Loftus) v London Borough of Ealing [2003] EWCA Civ 1490 ..................................... 266
Briody v St Helen’s and Knowsley HA [2002] 2 WLR 394, [2001] EWCA Civ 1010 ....................................... 439–40
Bristol and West Building Society v Fancy and Jackson [1997] 4 All ER 582 ......................................................... 156
British Celanese v Hunt (Capacitators) Ltd [1969] 2 All ER 749 .............................................................................. 252
British Rlys Board v Herrington [1972] 1 All ER 749 ................................................................................. 216, 217, 259
British Road Services v Slater [1964] 1 All ER 816 ..................................................................................................... 248
British Telecommunications plc v James Thomson & Sons (Engineers) Ltd [1999] 1 WLR 9 ............................. 353
British Transport Commission v Gourley [1956] AC 185 ......................................................................................... 434
Britt v Galmoye (1928) 44 TLR 294 ............................................................................................................................... 359
Broadly v Guy Clapham and Co [1994] 4 All ER 439 ................................................................................................ 490
Brock v Frenchay Healthcare Trust (1999) unreported ......................................................................................... 167–8
Brogan v UK (1989) 11 EHRR 117 ................................................................................................................................ 312
Brooks v Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police [2005] UKHL 24 ...................................................... 97, 103, 296
Brooks v Home Office [1999] 2 FLR 33 ........................................................................................................................ 143
Broome v Cassell & Co Ltd [1971] 2 QB 354 ....................................................................................................... 370, 424
Brown v National Coal Board [1962] 1 All ER 81 ...................................................................................................... 195
Bryanston Finance v De Vries [1975] QB 703 .............................................................................................................. 393
Bryant v Harvey [2005] EWCA Civ 762 ...................................................................................................................... 293
Bubbins v United Kingdom (Application number 50196/99) ................................................................................. 108
Buchan v Ortho Pharmaceuticals (Canada) Ltd (1986) 25 DLR (4th) 658 .............................................................. 342
Buck & Others v Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust [2006] EWCA Civ 1576 ............................................. 326
Budd v Colchester BC [1999] Env LR 739 ................................................................................................................... 285
Bulli Coal Mining Co v Osborne [1899] AC 351 ......................................................................................................... 234
Bunker v Charles Brand & Sons Ltd [1969] 2 QB 480 ................................................................................................ 214
Burdett v Dahill (2002) unreported ................................................................................................................................ 51
Burgin v Sheffield County Council [2005] EWCA Civ 253 ....................................................................................... 491
Burton v Winters [1993] 1 WLR 1077, [1993] 3 All ER 847 ........................................................................................ 271
Butterfield v Forrester (1908) 11 East 60 ...................................................................................................................... 467
Bybrook Barn Garden Centre Ltd v Kent CC [2001] BLR 55 .................................................................................... 252
Byrne v Deane [1937] 1 KB 818 ............................................................................................................................. 375, 378
Re C (a child) (immunisation: parental rights); Re F (a child) (immunisation: parental rights),
The Times, 31 July 2003 .......................................................................................................................................... 309
Re C (Adult: Refusal of Medical Treatment) [1994] 1 WLR 290 ............................................................................... 307
C v D and Another [2006] EWHC 166 (QB) ........................................................................................................ 314, 361
C v Middlesborough Council [2004] EWCA Civ 1746 ...................................................................................... 492, 493
Calscione v Dixon (1993) 19 BMLR 97 ........................................................................................................................... 59
Calveley and Others v Chief Constable of Merseyside Police [1989] AC 1228 ..................................................... 105
Calvert v Gardiner [2002] EWHC 1394 QB ......................................................................................................... 252, 355
Cambridge Water Co Ltd v Eastern Counties Leather plc [1994] 2 WLR 53;
[1994] 2 AC 264 ............................................................................................................ 227, 265, 266, 275, 276, 277–8
Caminer v Northern and London Investment Trust Ltd [1951] AC 88 .................................................................. 248
Campbell v Mirror Group Newspaper Ltd [2004] UKHL 22;
[2004] 2 AC 457 ............................................................................ 8, 397, 400, 407, 408, 410, 411, 413, 415, 416, 417
Campbell v Paddington Corpn [1911] 1 KB 869 ........................................................................................................ 245
Candler v Crane, Christmas & Co [1951] 2 KB 164 ...................................................................................................... 74
Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 WLR 358; (1990) 2 AC; (1990) BC 164;
[1990] 2 AC 605 ..................................................................................... 21, 28, 29, 40, 64, 76, 77–9, 80, 93, 114, 115,
123, 125, 128, 184, 190, 258, 442
Capital and Counties Bank plc v Hampshire CC [1997] 2 All ER 865 .................................................................... 124
Capital and Counties Bank v Henty (1882) 7 App Cas 741 ...................................................................................... 377
Carmichael v National Power [1999] 1 WLR 2042 ..................................................................................................... 355
Carmichele v Minister of Safety and Security (2001) 12 BHRC 60 .......................................................................... 103
Carroll v Fearon [1988] PIQR P46 ................................................................................................................................ 347
Carter v Basildon & Thurrock University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [2007] EWHC 1882 (QB) ............ 163
Carty v Croydon London Borough Council [2005] EWCA Civ 19 .................................................................. 119, 126
Carver v Hammersmith and Queen Charlotte’s Special HA (2000) unreported .................................................. 151
Cassell & Co v Broome [1972] 1 All ER 801 ........................................................................................................ 250, 398
Cassidy v Daily Mirror [1929] 2 KB 331 .................................................................................................................. 378–9
Cassidy v Minister of Health [1951] 1 All ER 575 .............................................................................................. 158, 356
Cassidy v Railtrack plc (2002) unreported, 17 October ............................................................................................... 86
Castle v Saint Augustine’s Links (1922) 38 TLR 615 ................................................................................................. 245
Castorina v Chief Constable of Surrey [1988] NLJ 180 ............................................................................................. 312
Caswell v Powell Duffryn Collieries Ltd [1940] AC 152 ........................................................................................... 198
Cavalier v Pope [1906] AC 428 ..................................................................................................................................... 224
CC v AB [2006] EWHC 3083 (QB) ................................................................................................................................ 417
CC v AB [2006] EWHC 3183 ......................................................................................................................................... 413
Century Insurance Co Ltd v Northern Ireland Transport Board [1942] AC 509 ................................................... 361
Chadwick v British Transport Commissioners [1967] 1 WLR 19; [1967] 1 WLR 912 .................... 39, 44, 53, 68, 476
Chalk v Devizes Reclamation Co Ltd (1999) unreported ......................................................................................... 324
Chapman v Barking and Dagenham LBC [1998] CLY 4053 ..................................................................................... 248
Chappell v Hart (1998) 195 CLR 232 ................................................................................................................ 153–4, 164
Chapronière v Mason (1905) 21 TLR 633 .................................................................................................................... 158
Charleston v News Group Newspapers Ltd [1995] 2 All ER 313 ........................................................................ 384–5
Chatterton v Gerson [1981] 1 All ER 257 ..................................................................................................................... 307
Chatterton v Secretary of State for India [1895] 2 QB 189 ......................................................................................... 390
Chaudhry v Prabhakar [1988] 3 All ER 718 .................................................................................................................. 75
Chauhan v Paul (1998) unreported .............................................................................................................................. 288
Chester v Afshar [2004] 4 All ER 587; [2004] UKHL 41 ............................. 7, 9, 24, 34, 150, 152–3, 163, 175, 307, 482
Cheung v Southwark London Borough Council Ch D 19/12/2007 ............................................................... 244, 262
Chief Constable of Lincolnshire v Stubbs [1999] IRLR 81 ........................................................................................ 359
Chief Constable of West Yorkshire v Schofield (1998) 43 BMLR 28; [1999] 1 ICR 193 ................................ 49, 51, 69
Chipchase v British Titan Products Co Ltd [1956] 1 QB 545 .................................................................................... 193
Chittock v Woodbridge School [2002] EWCA Civ 915 .............................................................................................. 126
Christie v Davey [1893] 1 Ch 316 ................................................................................................................................. 257
Clare v Roderick Perry [2005] EWCA Civ 39 .............................................................................................................. 214
Clark v Chief Constable of Cleveland Constabulary (1999) The Times, 13 May .................................................. 425
Clarke v Chief Constable of Northamptonshire Police (1999) The Times, 14 June ................................................. 98
Clayton v Deane (1817) Taunt 489 ................................................................................................................................ 215
Cleese v Associated Newspapers Ltd [2003] EWHC 137 ......................................................................................... 382
Clift and Another v Welsh Office [1999] 1 WLR 796 ................................................................................................. 253
Clough v Bassan [1990] 1 All ER 431 ............................................................................................................................. 99
Clunis v Camden and Islington HA [1998] 3 All ER 180; [1998] QB 978 .................................... 111, 192–3, 484, 485
Cole v Davis-Gilbert & Ors [2007] EWCA Civ 396 .............................................................................................. 209–10
Cole v Turner (1704) 6 Mod 149 .................................................................................................................................... 299
Colle v Chief Constable of Hertfordshire [2007] EWCA Civ 325 ............................................................................ 362
Colledge v Bass, Mitchells and Butlers Ltd [1988] 1 All ER 536 .............................................................................. 437
Collingwood v Home and Colonial Stores [1936] 3 All ER 200 ............................................................................... 280
Collins v Renison (1754) 1 Say 138 ............................................................................................................................... 238
Collins v Wilcock [1984] 3 All ER 374 .......................................................................................................................... 301
Commission v UK (1997) unreported .......................................................................................................................... 349
Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis v Lennon [2004] EWCA Civ 130 ................................................... 76, 81
Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis v Thompson (1998) QB 498 ................................................. 406, 424, 425
Commissioners of Customs & Excise v Barclays Bank plc [2004] EWHC 122; [2006] UKHL 28 .............. 30, 76, 77
Commonwealth v McLean (1977) 41 NSWLR 389 ....................................................................................................... 39
Condon v Basi [1985] 2 All ER 453 ............................................................................................................................... 306
Condon v Condon [1978] RTR 483 ............................................................................................................................... 471
Conneely (A Minor) v Redbridge and Waltham Forest NHS Trust (1999) Lawtel, 11 January ........................... 460
Connor v Chief Constable of Cambridgeshire (1984) The Times, 11 April ............................................................ 300
Cook v Bradford Community NHS Trust [2002] EWCA Civ 1616 .......................................................................... 325
Cooke v United Bristol Health Care and Others [2003] EWCA Civ 1370 .......................................................... 433–4
Cookson v Knowles [1979] AC 556 .............................................................................................................. 431, 433, 454
Cope v Sharpe [1912] 1 KB 496 ..................................................................................................................................... 487
Corby Litigants v Corby BC [2008] EWCA Civ 463 ................................................................................................... 245
Cornwell v Daily Mail (1989) unreported ................................................................................................................... 376
Corpn of Manchester v Farnworth [1930] AC 171 ..................................................................................................... 269
Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13; [2006] EWCA Civ 331 .................................................... 182, 196, 326, 470
Cosmos v BBC (1976) unreported ................................................................................................................................ 376
Cowan v Chief Constable for Avon and Somerset Constabulary [2001] EWCA Civ 1699;
(2002) HLR 830 ................................................................................................................................................ 102, 105
Cowley v Cheshire & Merseyside Strategic Health Authority [2007] EWHC 48 (QB) ........................................ 149
Cox v Rolls Royce Industrial Power (India) Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 1189 ............................................................... 173
Crawford v Charing Cross Hospital (1983) The Times, 8 December ...................................................................... 149
Crocker v British Coal Corpn (1996) 29 BMLR 159 ...................................................................................................... 59
Cross v Kirby (2000) The Times, 5 April ............................................................................................................. 239, 484
Crossley v Rawlinson [1981] 3 All ER 674 .................................................................................................................. 181
Crown River Cruises Ltd v Kimbolton Fireworks Ltd and Another
[1996] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 533 ....................................................................................... 165, 252–3, 259–60, 275, 277, 279
Cullen v Chief Constable of Royal Ulster Constabulary [2003] 1 WLR 1763 ........................................................ 188
Cullin and Others v London Fire and Civil Defence Authority [1999] PIQR P314 ................................................ 51
Cummings v Grainger [1977] QB 397 .......................................................................................................... 288, 289, 290
Cunningham v Essex CC (2000) WL 1274149 ............................................................................................................. 375
Cunningham v Harrison [1973] QB 942 ...................................................................................................................... 427
Curtis v Betts [1990] 1 WLR 459, [1990] 1 All ER 769 ........................................................................................ 287, 288
Cutler v United Dairies [1933] 2 KB 297 ...................................................................................................................... 476
Cutler v Wandsworth Stadium Ltd [1949] AC 398 ............................................................................................ 189, 191
D and F Estates v Church Comrs [1988] 2 All ER 992 ................................................................................................. 90
Dakhyl v Labouchère [1908] 2 KB 325 ......................................................................................................................... 395
Danby v Beardsley (1840) 43 LT 603 ............................................................................................................................ 404
Dann v Hamilton [1939] 1 KB 509 ........................................................................................................................ 472, 474
Darby v National Trust [2001] EWCA Civ 189 ........................................................................................................... 211
Darling v Attorney General [1950] 2 All ER 793 ........................................................................................................ 319
Davies v Health and Safety Executive [2002] EWCA Crim 2949 ............................................................................. 187
Davies v Mann (1842) 10 M & W 546 ........................................................................................................................... 468
Davis v Stena Line [2005] EWHC 420 (QB) ................................................................................................................. 131
Day v Suffolk County Council [2007] EWCA Civ 1436 .................................................................................... 195, 247
Dayani v Bromley LBC [2001] BLR 503 ....................................................................................................................... 271
De Keyser’s Royal Hotel Ltd v Spicer Bros Ltd (1914) 30 TLR 257 ......................................................................... 252
Deeny v Gooda Walker Ltd (No 2) [1996] 1 WLR 426 ............................................................................................... 434
Delaware Mansions and Fleckson Ltd v Westminster CC [2001] UKHL 55 .............................. 252, 254, 262–3, 269
Dennis v Charnwood BC [1982] 3 All ER 482 .............................................................................................................. 89
Dennis v Ministry of Defence [2003] EWHC 793 ............................................................................................... 256, 270
Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs v Feakins [2004] EWHC 2785 (Ch) ............................... 235–6
Department of the Environment v Thomas Bates & Son Ltd [1990] 2 All ER 943 .................................................. 92
Derbyshire CC v Times Newspapers Ltd [1993] AC 534 .......................................................................................... 373
Dering v Uris [1964] 2 QB 669 ....................................................................................................................................... 397
Devon CC v Webber [2002] EWCA Civ 602 ................................................................................................................ 248
Devon County Council v Clarke [2005] EWCA Civ 266 ........................................................................................... 162
Devon Lumber v McNeill (1988) 45 DLR (4th) 300 ................................................................................................... 261
Dhesi v Chief Constable of West Midlands Police (2000) The Times, 9 May ......................................................... 289
Digital Equipment and Others v Hampshire CC (1997) The Independent, 10 April ........................................... 109
Dixon v Clement Jones [2004] EWCA Civ 1005 ......................................................................................................... 173
Dixon v John Were [2004] EWHC 2273 (QB) .............................................................................................................. 434
Dobbie v Medway HA [1994] 1 WLR 1234 ................................................................................................................. 490
Dobson v Thames Water Utilities [2007] EWHC 2021 (TCC) ................................................................................... 263
Docker v Chief Constable of West Midlands Police [2001] 1 AC 435 ......................................................................... 9
Dodd Properties (Kent) v Canterbury CC [1980] 1 WLR 433 ................................................................................... 183
Doe v Board of Commissioners of Police for Metropolitan Toronto (1989) 58 DLR (4th) 396;
(1990) 72 DLR (4th) 580 .......................................................................................................................................... 103
Doe v Board of Commissioners of Police for Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto
(1998) 160 DLR (4th) 697 ........................................................................................................................................ 103
Doleman v Deakin (1990) The Independent, 30 January .......................................................................................... 451
Donaldson v Brighton and Hove Council (2001) unreported .................................................................................. 204
Donelan v Donelan [1993] PIQR P205 ......................................................................................................................... 472
Donnelly v Joyce [1973] 3 All ER 475 ................................................................................................................... 428, 441
Donoghue v Folkstone Properties [2003] EWCA Civ 231 ......................................................................................... 221
Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 .......................................... 10, 19–21, 22, 28, 29, 33, 42, 73, 226, 227, 340, 341
Dooley v Cammel Laird & Co Ltd [1951] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 271 ......................................................................... 43, 52, 68
Dorset Yacht Co Ltd v Home Office [1970] AC 1004 ................................................................... 34, 100, 110, 121, 122
Doughty v Turner Manufacturing Co Ltd [1964] 1 QB 518 .............................................................................. 180, 183
Douglas v Hello! Ltd (No 3) [2005] EWCA Civ 595 ........................................................................................... 409, 410
Douglas v Hello! Ltd [2001] QB 967; [2003] EWCA Civ 595 ............................................................................. 411, 412
Dow Jones & Co v Jameel [2005] EWCA Civ 75 ......................................................................................................... 398
Dowling v Surrey CC and Another (1994) unreported ............................................................................................. 119
Doyle v Wallace [1998] PIQR P146 ........................................................................................................................... 446–7
DPP v Bayer [2003] EWHC (Admin) 25 ...................................................................................................................... 239
DPP v Jones and Another [1999] 2 AC 240 ......................................................................................................... 232, 236
Draper v Hodder [1972] 2 All ER 210 .......................................................................................................................... 284
Draper v Hodder [1972] 2 QB 556 ................................................................................................................................ 289
Drury v Secretary of State for the Environment & Rural Affairs [2004] EWCA Civ 200 ..................................... 240
Dubai Aluminium Co Ltd v Salaam (2002) UKHL 48, (2003) 2 AC 366 ................................................................. 338
Duddin v Home Office [2004] EWCA Civ 181 ............................................................................................................. 55
Dugmore v Swansea NHS Trust and Morriston Hospital NHS Trust [2002] EWCA Civ 1689 ........................... 195
Dulieu v White [1901] 2 KB 669 ................................................................................................................................ 42, 68
Duncan v British Coal Corpn [1997] 1 All ER 540 ................................................................................................. 49, 69
Dutton v Bognor Regis UDC [1972] 1 All ER 462 .......................................................................................... 88, 92, 225
Dyer v UK (1984) 39 D & R 246 ...................................................................................................................................... 97
E v Dorset CC [1994] 3 WLR 853 .................................................................................................................................. 119
East Suffolk Catchment Board v Kent County Council [1941] AC 74 .................................................................... 120
Eastern and SA Telegraph Co Ltd v Cape Town Tramway Co Ltd [1962] AC 381 ............................................... 277
Eastwood and another v Magnox Electric plc [2004] UKHL 35 .............................................................................. 334
Edwards v National Coal Board [1949] 1 All ER 743 ................................................................................................ 194
Eiles v Southwark London Borough Council [2006] EWHC 1411 (TCC) ............................................................... 254
Electronic Data Systems v Travis [2004] EWCA Civ 321 .......................................................................................... 334
Eley v Chasemore [1989] NLJ Rep, 9 June .................................................................................................................... 77
Elguzouli-Daf v Comr of Police of the Metropolis and Another [1995] 1 All ER 833 .......................................... 101
Ellis v Bristol City Council [2007] EWCA Civ 685 ..................................................................................................... 469
Ellis v Department of Transport (2000) WL 1544742 ................................................................................................. 484
Ellis v Johnstone [1963] 1 All ER 286 ........................................................................................................................... 283
Ellis v William Cook Leeds Ltd 1/11/2007 ................................................................................................................ 469
Emanuel (H and N) Ltd v GLC [1971] 2 All ER 835 .............................................................................................. 278–9
Emeh v Kensington and Chelsea HA [1985] QB 1012 ............................................................................................... 443
Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Mardon [1976] 1 QB 801 ...................................................................................................... 74
Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Southport Corpn [1956] AC 218 ...................................................................................... 237
Evans v Kosmar Villa Holidays plc [2007] EWCA Civ 1003 ............................................................................ 131, 210
Evans v National Coal Board (1951) unreported ....................................................................................................... 486
Excelsior Wire Rope Co v Callan [1930] AC 404 ........................................................................................................ 216
Exel Logistics v Curran [2004] EWCA Civ 1249 ......................................................................................................... 142
Eyres v Atkinsons Kitchens & Bedrooms Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 365 ............................................................. 143, 469
Ezekiel v Fraser and Others [2002] EWCA 2066 ........................................................................................................ 239
F v West Berkshire HA [1989] 2 All ER 545 ................................................................................................. 310, 478, 487
F v Wirral MBC [1991] 2 All ER 648 ............................................................................................................................. 125
Fagan v Jeffers and Another [2005] EWCA Civ 380 .................................................................................................. 142
Fairchild v Glenhaven Funeral Services [2002] UKHL 22; [2003] 1 AC 32 ......................... 163, 164, 171–2, 173, 177
Fairie v Hall (1947) 28 TC 200 ....................................................................................................................................... 370
Farrell v Avon HA [2001] Lloyd’s Rep Med 458 .................................................................................................... 48, 70
Farrell v John Mowlem & Co Ltd [1954] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 437 ..................................................................................... 246
Farrell v Merton, Sutton and Wandsworth HA (2000) 57 BMLR 158 .................................................................. 58, 70
Farrell v Secretary of State for Defence [1980] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 437 ........................................................................... 312
Fennelly v Connex South Eastern Ltd [2001] IRLR 390 ............................................................................................ 361
Ferguson v Associated Newspapers Ltd (2002) unreported .................................................................................... 401
Filliter v Phippard [1847] 11 QBD 347 ......................................................................................................................... 280
Fish v Wilcox and Gwent HA (1993) 13 BMLR .......................................................................................................... 427
Fitzgerald and Lane v Patel [1989] AC 328 ................................................................................................................. 470
Flack v Hudson [2001] QB 698 ...................................................................................................................................... 286
Flora v Wako (Heathrow) Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ ....................................................................................................... 434
Fookes v Slaytor [1978] 1 WLR 1293 ............................................................................................................................ 468
Forsikringsaktieselskapet Vesta v Butcher [1988] 2 All ER 43 ..................................................................................... 3
Fosbroke-Hobbes v Airwork Ltd [1937] 1 All ER 108 ............................................................................................... 204
Fouldes v Willoughby (1841) 8 M & W 540 ................................................................................................................ 365
Fowler v Jones (2002) unreported ................................................................................................................................ 270
Fowler v Lanning [1959] 2 WLR 124 ............................................................................................................................ 295
Fowles v Bedfordshire CC [1995] PIQR P380 ......................................................................................................... 138–9
Francis v Barclays Bank [2004] EWHC (Ch) ................................................................................................................. 74
Francisco v Diedrich (1998) The Times, 13 April ........................................................................................................... 6
Francovitch v Italy [1995] ICR 585 ............................................................................................................................... 197
Fraser v Winchester HA (1999) The Times, 12 July .................................................................................... 194, 336, 354
Freeman v Home Office [1983] 3 All ER 589 ............................................................................................................... 305
Froggatt v Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Royal Hospital NHS Trust
[2002] All ER (D) 218 (Dec) .................................................................................................................................. 57–8
Froom v Butcher [1976] QB 286 ............................................................................................................................ 470, 471
Frost v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1999] 2 AC 455; [1997] 3 WLR 1194 ............... 37, 44, 52, 54, 69
Fryer v Pearson (2000) The Times, 4 April .................................................................................................. 157, 159, 209
Fytche v Wincanton Logistics [2004] UKHL 31 .......................................................................................................... 336
Gaca v Pirelli [2004] EWCA Civ 373 ............................................................................................................................ 437
Gafford v Graham [1999] EGLR 75 .............................................................................................................................. 270
Galt v British Rlys Board (1983) 133 NLJ 870 ............................................................................................................... 52
Gammel v Wilson [1981] 1 All ER 578 ......................................................................................................................... 436
Garden Cottage Foods v Milk Marketing Board [1984] 2 All ER 770 ............................................................. 192, 197
Gaunt v Finney (1827) 8 Ch App 8 ............................................................................................................................... 255
Gautret v Egerton (1867) LR 2 CP 371 ................................................................................................................. 202, 218
Generale Bank Nederland NV v Export Credits Guarantee Department [2000] 1 All ER 929;
[2000] 1 AC 486 ................................................................................................................................................ 363, 465
George v Metropolitan Comr of Police (1984) The Times, 31 March ...................................................................... 425
Giambrone v JMC Holidays Ltd [2004] EWCA Civ 158 ........................................................................................... 441
Gibbons v Nelsons [2000] PNLR 734 ............................................................................................................................. 83
Gibbons v South West Water Services Ltd (1992) The Times, 26 November; [1993] QB 507 ....................... 250, 424
Giblett v P and NE Murray Ltd (1999) 96(22) LSG 34 ........................................................................................... 55, 70
Giles v Walker (1890) 24 QBD 656 ................................................................................................................................ 273
Gillick v Brook Advisory Centres (2002) WL 825452 ............................................................................................ 376–7
Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech HA [1985] 3 All ER 402 .................................................................. 309, 479, 480
Gillingham BC v Medway (Chatham) Dock Co [1993] QB 343 ............................................................... 249, 250, 269
Ginty v Belmont Building Supplies Ltd [1959] 1 All ER 414 .................................................................................... 198
GKR Karate UK Ltd v Yorkshire Post Newspapers [2000] 2 All ER 931 ................................................................ 395
Glasgow Corpn v Muir [1943] AC 448 ........................................................................................................................ 130
Glasgow Corpn v Taylor [1922] All ER 1 ................................................................................................................ 206–7
Gledhill v Liverpool Abattoir Co Ltd [1957] 1 WLR 1028 ........................................................................................ 474
Glenie v Slack and Others (1998) unreported ............................................................................................................. 206
Godfrey v Demon Internet Ltd [2001] QB 201 .................................................................................................... 375, 381
Gold v Essex CC [1942] 2 KB 293 ................................................................................................................................. 356
Goldman v Hargrave [1967] 1 AC 645 ..................................................................................................... 257–8, 266, 279
Goldsmith v Pressdram [1977] QB 83 .......................................................................................................................... 373
Goldsmith v Sperrings Ltd [1977] 1 WLR 478 ............................................................................................................ 381
Gomberg v Smith [1962] 1 All ER 725 ......................................................................................................................... 283
Goode v Owen [2001] EWCA Civ 2101 ............................................................................................................... 256, 270
Goodes v East Sussex County Council [2000] 1 WLR 1356; [2000] 3 All ER 603 ........................................... 246, 247
Goodwill v British Pregnancy Advisory Service [1996] 1 WLR 1397; [1996] 2 All ER 161 ........................ 32, 75, 97
Gorham v British Telecommunications plc [2000] 1 WLR 2129 ............................................................................. 83–4
Gorringe v Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council [2004] UKHL 15; [2004] UKHL 2 .......... 119, 120, 134, 246
Gorris v Scott (1874) 9 LR Exch 125 ............................................................................................................................. 196
Goswell v Comr of Police for the Metropolis (1998) unreported .................................................................... 298, 302
Gough v Thorne [1966] 1 WLR 1387 ............................................................................................................ 138, 178, 469
Gouldsmith v Mid Staffordshire General Hospitals NHS Trust [2007] EWCA Civ 397 ....................................... 168
Governors of the Peabody Donation Fund v Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co Ltd [1985] AC 210 ..................... 91, 108
Gower v Bromley LBC (1999) The Times, 28 October ............................................................................................... 119
Grant v Australian Knitting Mills [1936] AC 85 .................................................................................................. 28, 341
Granville v Sutton [1928] 1 KB 571 .............................................................................................................................. 292
Gravatomb Engineering Systems Ltd v Raymond Parr [2007] EWCA Civ 967 .................................................... 190
Gravgaard v Aldridge & Brownlee [2004] EWCA Civ 1529 ................................................................................. 490–1
Gray v Thames Trains and Network Rail [2007] EWHC 1558 (QB) ................................................................ 182, 485
Gray v Vesuvins Premier Refractories (Holdings) Ltd (2004) .................................................................................. 325
Greatorex v Greatorex [2000] 1 WLR 1970 .................................................................................................................... 54
Green Corns Ltd v Claverley Group Ltd [2005] EWHC 958 (QB) ........................................................................... 415
Green v DB Group Services (UK) Ltd [2006] EWHC 1898 (QB) ........................................................................ 66, 362
Green v Grimsby & Scunthorpe Newspapers Ltd [2004] EWCA Civ 06 ................................................................ 332
Greenhalgh v British Rlys Board [1969] 2 QB 286 ...................................................................................................... 202
Gregg v Scott [2005] UKHL 21; (2005) 2 AC 176 .......................................................................... 41, 171, 174, 175, 447
Gregory v Piper (1829) 9 B & C 951 .............................................................................................................................. 232
Gregory v Portsmouth CC [2000] 1 All ER 560 .......................................................................................................... 405
Gregson v Channel Four Television [2002] EWCA Civ 914 ...................................................................................... 378
Griffin v Mersey Regional Ambulance (1998) unreported ....................................................................................... 135
Griffiths v Brown (1998) The Times, 23 October ........................................................................................................ 109
Griffiths v Liverpool Corpn [1974] 1 QB 374 .............................................................................................................. 246
Griffiths v Williams (1996) unreported ........................................................................................................................ 301
Grobbelaar v News Group Newspapers [2002] UKHL 40 ................................................................................ 397, 402
Group B Plaintiffs v Medical Research Council and Another (1998) 41 BMLR 157 ............................................... 70
Groves v Wimborne (Lord) [1898] 2 QB 402 ....................................................................................................... 191, 317
Guenat v Switzerland (24722/94) ................................................................................................................................ 302
Guzzardi v Italy (A/39) (1981) 3 EHRR 333 ............................................................................................................... 302
Gwilliam v West Hertfordshire Hospital NHS Trust [2002] EWCA Civ 1041 ....................................................... 213
H v N and Another [2004] EWCA Civ 526 ................................................................................................................... 61
Habinteg Housing Association v James (1994) 27 HLR 299 ..................................................................................... 263
Hague v Deputy Governor of Parkhurst Prison [1991] 3 All ER 733, HL .............................................................. 304
Hale v Jennings [1938] 1 All ER 579 ............................................................................................................................. 275
Hale v London Underground (1992) 11 BMLR 81 ................................................................................... 44, 46, 68, 476
Haley v London Electricity Board [1965] AC 778 ...................................................................................................... 132
Halford v Chief Constable of Hampshire Constabulary [2003] EWCA Civ 102 ................................................... 392
Hall (Arthur) & Co v Simons; Barrett v Woolf Seddon Cockbone v Atkinson, Dacre and Slack;
Harris v Scholfield, Roberts and Hill [1999] 3 WLR 873 ..................................................................................... 95
Hall v Brooklands Auto-Racing Club [1933] 1 KB 205 .............................................................................................. 130
Hall v Simons and Others [2000] 3 WLR 543; [2000] 3 All ER 673 ............................................................................ 32
Halsey v Esso Petroleum [1961] 2 All ER 415 ............................................................................................. 245, 259, 275
Halsey v Milton Keynes General NHS Trust [2004] EWCA Civ 576 ....................................................................... 502
Hamble Fisheries Ltd v Gardner & Sons Ltd [1999] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 1 ....................................................................... 73
Hambrook v Stokes [1925] 1 KB 141 ........................................................................................................................ 42, 68
Hamilton v Al Fayed (Costs) EWCA Civ 6651 ........................................................................................................... 370
Hamilton v Al Fayed (No 4) [2001] CMLR 15 ............................................................................................................ 383
Hamilton v Al Fayed [2001] AC 395 ............................................................................................................................ 389
Hamilton v Minister of Safety and Security 2003 (7) BCLR 723 .............................................................................. 103
Hamwi v Johnston [2005] EWHC 206 ......................................................................................................................... 154
Harding v Scott-Moncrieff [2004] EWHC 1733 QB ............................................................................................ 148, 428
Hardwick v Hudson and Another [1999] 1 WLR 1770, [1999] 3 All ER 426 .......................................................... 429
Harrhy v Thames Trains Ltd [2003] UKHC 1230 (QB) .................................................................................. 54, 70, 329
Harris v Birkenhead Corpn [1976] 1 WLR 279; [1976] 1 All ER 1001 .............................................................. 204, 217
Harris v Brights Asphalt Contractors [1983] 1 All ER 395 ................................................................................ 428, 441
Harris v James (1876) 45 LJ QB 545 .............................................................................................................................. 259
Harris v Wyre Forest DC [1989] 2 All ER 514 ............................................................................................................... 77
Harrison v Duke of Rutland [1893] 1 QB 142 ..................................................................................................... 236, 241
Harrison v Southwark and Vauxhall Water Co [1891] 2 Ch 409 .............................................................................. 256
Hartman v South Essex Mental Health & Community Care NHS Trust [2005] EWCA Civ 06 .................... 66, 332
Hartwell v Grayson [1947] KB 901 ............................................................................................................................... 204
Haseldine v Daw & Son Ltd [1941] 3 All ER 156 ............................................................................................... 204, 213
Hatcher v Black (1954) The Times, 2 July .............................................................................................................. 32, 145
Hatton v Copper [2001] EWCA Civ 623 ...................................................................................................................... 158
Hawley v Luminar Leisure plc [2005] EWHC 5 (QB) ............................................................................................... 357
Hayden v Hayden [1992] 4 All ER 681; [1993] 2 FLR 16, CA ................................................................................... 455
Haynes v Harwood (1935) ............................................................................................................................................. 476
Haystead v Chief Constable of Derbyshire [2000] 3 All ER 890 .............................................................................. 300
Heasmans v Clarity Cleaning Ltd [1987] IRLR 286 ................................................................................................... 362
Heathrow Airport Ltd v Garman [2007] EWHC 1957 (QB) ..................................................................................... 250
Hebditch v MacIlwaine [1894] 2 QB 54 ........................................................................................................