Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US4697183?dq=6,370,566
Timestamp: 2015-07-02 23:19:51
Document Index: 753744742

Matched Legal Cases: ['art. 2', 'art 4', 'art 6', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 6', 'art 4', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 6', 'art 4', 'art 6']

Patent US4697183 - Means for non-contacting signal and energy transmission - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA noncontacting signal and energy transmission device includes a stationary microstation and a moveable microunit, wherein data is transmitted between the microstation and the microunit simultaneously by phase shifted signals and by synchronously switched signals, which also supply power to the micr...http://www.google.com/patents/US4697183?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4697183 - Means for non-contacting signal and energy transmissionAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4697183 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 06/810,558Publication dateSep 29, 1987Filing dateDec 19, 1985Priority dateDec 21, 1984Fee statusPaidAlso published asDE3447560A1, DE3447560C2, EP0185610A2, EP0185610A3, EP0185610B1Publication number06810558, 810558, US 4697183 A, US 4697183A, US-A-4697183, US4697183 A, US4697183AInventorsMichael Jenning, Holger MackenthunOriginal AssigneeAngewandte Digital ElektronikExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (6), Referenced by (20), Classifications (24), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMeans for non-contacting signal and energy transmission
US 4697183 AAbstract
A noncontacting signal and energy transmission device includes a stationary microstation and a moveable microunit, wherein data is transmitted between the microstation and the microunit simultaneously by phase shifted signals and by synchronously switched signals, which also supply power to the microunit.
1. A device for contact-free signal and energy transmission having a stationary part and a movable part, comprising:an oscillator in the stationary part to generate a periodic signal of a fixed frequency; means for producing first and second coherent signals having a phase shift of approximately 90 degrees with respect to one another from said fixed frequency periodic signal; first and second branches connected to said coherent signal producing means to transmit respective ones of said first and second signals; a circuit means connected to said first branch to selectively impart approximately 180 degree phase shifts on said first signal corresponding to a signal to be transmitted; first and second coils connected to respective ones of said first and second branches to transmit said respective first and second signals; third and fourth coils disposed at said movable part for signal transmission and reception by inductive coupling with said first and second coils, said third and fourth coils being selectively inductively coupled to respective ones of said first and second coils and alternately to respective ones of said second and first coils so that transmission of said signal to be transmitted occurs from said stationary part to said movable part by inductive coupling of said coils; and a phase evaluation connected at said movable part for documenting said phase shifts for signal transmission to said movable part. 2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first and second coherent signal producing means includes a pair of complimentary flip-flops connected to an output of said oscillator, one of said flip-flops responding to positive-going portions of said periodic signal and another of said flip-flops responding to negative-going portions of said periodic signal so that output signals of said one and another flip-flop are of the same frequency but are shifted in phase relative to one another.
The invention relates generally to a means for noncontacting signal and energy transmission having a stationary part and a movable part, and more particularly to a stationary microstation at a movable microunit.
An object of the present invention is to transmit information and energy between a stationary part and a movable part in a non-contacting fashion, i.e. without contact between the respective parts. In such a system the stationary part should also provide power to the movable part. It is essential that such a system meet a series of demands including, firstly, that the movable part both receive data and energy as well as transmit data independently of its position with respect to the stationary part. Secondly, and more importantly, the movable unit must operate to receive data at the same time as it is transmitting data to the stationary part. The data reception should be independent of the electrical load of the circuits of the microunit and, lastly, it is essential that amplitude fluctuations due to variations in the transmission path and due to temperature influences and other influences do not affect the signal transmission.
FIG. 1a is a block circuit diagram of a device according to the present invention;
FIG. 1a shows the device of the present invention including a stationary part 4 and a movable part 6. The stationary part 4 includes an oscillator 1 connected to a pair of flip-flops 2 and 3 at the clock inputs thereof. The flip-flop 2 responds to a positive going clock pulse while the flip-flop 3 responds to a negative going clock pulse, resulting in signal outputs at leads Q2 and Q3 having a phase shift of 90� with respect to one another. The signals on leads Q2 and Q3 produced by the flip-flops 2 and 3 are thus coherent and of identical frequency and are especially useful for contactless transmission. The signals on leads Q2 and Q3 drive respective transistors T1 and T2 which in turn transmit the signals to coils S1 and S2, respectively. The coils S1 and S2 provide contact free coupling with coils S3 and S4 of the movable portion 6 so that signals and energy can be transmitted therebetween.
The signal present on lead Q3 is selectively impressed with a 180� phase shift by data input to the stationary part 4 at input TM1. The phase shift does not change the coherency of the signals on leads Q2 and Q3, however. The signal on Q3 is input at one input of an exclusive-OR gate 5 while a signal lead TM1 is input at a second input of the exclusive-OR gate 5. [The signal curves at the output of the oscillator 1, the outputs of the flip-flops 2 and 3, the signals on leads TM1 and a signal TM2 at the output of the exclusive-OR gate 5 is shown in FIG. 7.] A change of state of the signal between high and low or visa versa TM1 results in a phase shift of 180� being imparted on the Q3 signal to produce a signal TM2. The signal TM2 is still coherent with and phase shifted by 90� with respect to the signal on lead Q2. Transistor T1 amplifies the signal Q2 for coil S1 and transistor T2 amplifies the signal TM2 for coil S2. There is, therefore, a 90� phase shift present between signals present on the coils S1 and S2 and the signal on S2 can be selectively shifted by 180�. A differential amplifier RM is connected to coil S1 in the microstation 4, along with capacitor C and resistors RA and RB to detect data received from the movable microunit 6 in the form of amplitude changes in the signal at coil S1.
Leads UA and UC are connected directly to the coils S4 and S3, respectively, and to a phase evaluation means 100 which detects phase changes in the signals from either coil S3 or S4. A phase output signal on lead UP is transmitted to a level defining means 102. The level defining means 102 more clearly defines the digital signal level and provides means for initializing the signal by a reset lead. The output of the level defining means 102 is transmitted to the microcomputer over lead I as data received from the stationary part 4. Thus, regardless of which of the coils S3 or S4 detect a phase skip, i.e., regardless of the spatial allocation of the coils S3 and S4 with respect to the coils S1 and S2, a phase shift generated by the stationary portion 4 on the basis of the circuitry of FIG. 1 is detected by the movable microunit 6.
Synchronous switching is accomplished in conjunction with the supply of power to the microcomputer of the movable part 4. The coil signals from coils S3 and S4 are rectified by rectifier I and II and the two signals are combined on lead UE and input to voltage regulator 120. The voltage regulator 120 supplies operating voltage to the microcomputer through lead N, as well as to the interface-IC. Data from the microcomputer is input to the interface-IC at lead 0 (FIG. 2) where it controls a 5 volt limiter 122 and connection to ground. The 5 volt limiter 122 selectively connects the lead UE to ground so that amplitude changes result in the signals of coils S3 and S4. The amplitude changes are detectable at coil S1 of the stationary part 4 through the operational amplifier RM and its associated circuitry. Thus, data is transmitted between the movable part 6 and the stationary part 4 by phase shifting in a first direction and by synchronous switching in a second direction.
FIG. 3 shows the circuit details of the interface unit of FIG. 2 including a full wave rectifying bridge D1-D4 which corresponds to rectifier I; and a second full wave rectifying bridge D5-D8 which corresponds to rectifier II. Signals tapped directly off of the coils S3 and S4 are inverted by inverters IC1b and IC1a. The output of inverter IC1a is provided over lead UA to a D input of D flip-flop IC2a while the output of inverter IC1b is provided over lead UC to a positive going clock pulse input of the flip-flop IC2a. The D flip-flop IC2a has the Q output thereof connected to an input of the NAND gate IC3b and to the D input of the D flip-flop IC2b. The Q output of the D flip-flop IC2a is connected to an input of the NAND gate IC3a. The Q and Q outputs of the D flip-flop IC2b are, likewise, connected to the inputs of the NAND gates IC3b and IC3a, respectively. The output of each of the NAND gates IC3a the IC3b are connected as inputs to NAND IC3c, the output of which is fed over lead UI to the I terminal of the microcomputer, also identified as DR or data received. The NAND gates IC3a, IC3b, and IC3c, in conjunction with the filp-flops IC2a and IC2b, form an exclusive-NOR gate.
The lead UA is connected to the clock pulse input of D flip-flop IC4a, the D input of which is linked by a feedback loop from the Q output thereof. The Q output of D flip-flop IC4a is connected to the G terminal of the microcomputer to provide a clock pulse φ/2, while an H terminal is connected from the Q lead of the D flip-flop IC4a to provide a φ/2 clock pulse. The lead UA provides a φ clock pulse to F terminal of the microcomputer.
The rectified signals from rectifiers I and II are linked to node UE which is filtered by capicator C1. A zener diode Z1 is connected across capicator C1 as is transistor T1. A second zener diode Z2 and a second transistor T2, along with resistor R1 and inverter IC4e make up the five volt limiter and connection 122 to ground through which data is transmitted to the stationary part 6 from the O terminal of the microcomputer, also identified as DT or data transmit.
The voltages at some of the points of the microunit 6 are shown in FIG. 5, as the unit is turned on and data bits are transmitted. When power is first received by the coils S3 and S4, the node voltage UE goes from ground to an amplitude of 10 volts so that power is supplied to the voltage regulator 120 and thereafter to the microcomputer μC. During this time, the signals at leads A, C, K, P and I are undefined. Once the electronics have been turned on, a data level is defined. The voltage on lead UA from coil S4 alternates from high to low in a square wave, as does the voltage on lead UC from coil S3. A coincidence of a positive going signal on UC while the signal on UA is at a low state caused the Q output of the D flip-flop IC2a, shown as Up, to assume a low state. As can be seen, voltages UA and UC are alternating with a phase shift of 90 degrees. The reset input at UK from the microcomputer μC goes from a low state to a high state during the low state on UP which initializes the output data level UI at a high state. Thus, the levels are initialized so that UI is always at a high state at first.
Once initialization is accomplished, the movable part 6 begins to receive data transmitted by the stationary part 4, shown at TM1. The data from the stationary part 4 goes from high to low, causing a phase shift of 180 degrees in the signal UC, although the shift could also occur at UA depending upon the orientation of the movable part 6. Once a phase shift in one of the signals UA or UC has occurred, a change results in UP, for instance, the high going pulse at UC always encounters the same state at UA unless there has been a phase shift of one of the signals. After the phase shift, the high going pulse on UC is compared to the high pulse at UA resulting in a change in UP from a low to a high state. The change in UP likewise causes a change in UI so long as the reset at UK remains high. Thus, a low bit has been transmitted, albeit delayed somewhat from the data TM1 at the microstation 4. The transmission of a high bit causes another phase shift of 180 degrees in UC. A similar procedure is followed to transmit the high bit at UI. Thus, by phase shifts in one of the signals UA or UC, the data bits from the microstation 4 are transmitted to the microcomputer at UI. As can be seen, the data transmission does not occur unless the reset signal has been received from the microcomputer μC, indicating that it is ready to receive data.
In FIG. 6, the signals UA, UC, and UP are shown for all possible coil positions and switch status positions, indicating that data is transmitted irrespective of the movable part, or microstation, 6 orientation.
In FIG. 7, signal diagrams are shown for the stationary part 4. The signal characteristics of the oscillator output, the leads Q2 and Q3, the leads TM1 and TM2, as well as the leads US1 and US2 are shown. The high going portion of the oscillator output triggers changes in the signal Q2, while the low going portion of the oscillator signal triggers changes in the signal Q3. Data to be transmitted to the microunit 6 is input on lead TM1, resulting in phase shifts in the signal TM2, which is derived from the signal Q3. The signal US1 is the signal through the coil S1 which results from the signal Q2, while the signal US2 is the coil S2 signal caused by TM2. The phase shifts in the signal TM2 appears as phase discontuities in the signal US2. The lower most diagram shows the signal of UE (without the filter capacitor C) of the movable part 6 during data transmission by phase shifting. As described above, the rectified combined signal UE provides a power source independent of the relative position of the coils, and irrespective of the phase shift data transmission.
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