Source: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/06/14/2017-09887/wrc-12-implementation-report-and-order
Timestamp: 2019-10-23 11:08:39
Document Index: 102657867

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 15', '§\u20092', 'art 97', 'art 80', 'art 90', 'art 80', 'art 25', 'arts 2', 'art 15', '§\u200980', 'art 97', 'art 97', 'art 17', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', 'art 80', 'art 90', 'art 90', 'art 80', '§\u200990', 'art 101', 'art 101', 'art 101', '§\u20092', 'art 90', 'art 90', 'art 5', 'art 2', 'art 90', 'art 90', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', 'arts 2', '§\u20092', '§\u20092', '§\u20092', '§\u20092', '§\u200915', '§\u200997', '§\u200925', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', '§\u200980', 'art 90', '§\u200990', '§\u200990', '§\u20092', '§\u200990', 'art 97', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', '§\u200997', 'arts 1']

A Rule by the Federal Communications Commission on 06/14/2017
Effective July 14, 2017, except for amendments to Sec. Sec. 97.3, 97.15(c), 97.301(b) through (d), 97.303(g), 97.305(c), and 97.313(k) and (l), which contain new or modified information collection requirements subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public Law 104-13, that are not effective until approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The Commission will publish a document in the Federal Register announcing the effective date once OMB approves.
27178-27216 (39 pages)
A. Amateur Radio Use of the 135.7-137.8 kHz and 472-479 kHz Bands
B. Radio Buoys Operating in the 1900-2000 kHz Band
C. Aviation Services Uses in the 5000-5150 MHz Band
D. Protecting Passive Sensors in the 86-92 GHz Band
E. Passive Use of Bands Above 275 GHz
F. Rulemaking Proposals That Did Not Receive Any Specific Comments
47 CFR Parts 15, 80, 90, and 97
https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2017-09887 https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2017-09887
In this document, the Commission implemented allocation changes from the World Radiocommunication Conference Start Printed Page 27179(Geneva, 2012) (WRC-12) and updated its service rules. The Commission took this action to conform its rules, to the extent practical, to the decisions that the international community made at WRC-12. This action will promote the advancement of new and expanded services and provide significant benefits to the American public.
This is a summary of the Commission's Report and Order, ET Docket No. 15-99, FCC 17-33, adopted March 27, 2017, and released March 29, 2017. The full text of this document is available for inspection and copying during normal business hours in the FCC Reference Center (Room CY-A257), 445 12th Street SW., Washington, DC 20554. The full text may also be downloaded at: https://apps.fcc.gov/​edocs_​public/​attachmatch/​FCC-17-33A1.pdf. People with Disabilities: To request materials in accessible formats for people with disabilities (braille, large print, electronic files, audio format), send an email to fcc504@fcc.gov or call the Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau at 202-418-0530 (voice), 202-418-0432 (tty).
1. On April 23, 2015, the Commission adopted a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (WRC-12 NPRM) in this proceeding, 80 FR 38315, July 2, 2015. In this Report and Order (WRC-12 R&O), the Commission amended the Table of Frequency Allocations (Allocation Table) in § 2.106 of its rules and a number of related service rules to implement certain radio frequency (RF) allocation decisions from the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2012) (WRC-12 Final Acts). The following are the major actions that the Commission took to support non-Federal spectrum requirements:
Allocated the 472-479 kHz band to the amateur service on a secondary basis and amended part 97 to provide for amateur service use of this band and of the 135.7-137.8 kHz band.
Amended part 80 to authorize radio buoy operations in the 1900-2000 kHz band under a ship station license.
Allocated eight frequency bands in the 4 to 44 MHz range to the radiolocation service for Federal and non-Federal use, limited to oceanographic radars. The Commission also amended part 90 to provide for licensing of oceanographic radars, and required those radars currently operating under an experimental license to conform their operations to the adopted rules within five years of the effective date of this Order.
Reallocated the 156.7625-156.7875 MHz and 156.8125-156.8375 MHz bands to the mobile-satellite service (MSS) (Earth-to-space) on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use, limited to the reception of Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) broadcast messages from ships. The Commission also amended part 80 to permit ships to transmit AIS broadcast messages in these bands, and amended part 25 to permit MSS satellites to receive in these bands and in the existing AIS bands.
Allocated the 5000-5091 MHz band to the aeronautical mobile (route) service (AM(R)S) on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use. AM(R)S use of the 5000-5030 MHz band extends the tuning range for the recently-established Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communications System (AeroMACS) that will support surface applications at airports. AM(R)S use of the 5030-5091 MHz band will support unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).
2. In the WRC-12 R&O, the Commission amended Parts 2, 15, 25, 80, 90, and 97 of its rules to implement specific allocations from the WRC-12 Final Acts that affect a number of frequency bands between 8.3 kHz and 3000 GHz and to adopt related service rules. These actions are described in greater detail below.
3. As proposed in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission allocated the 472-479 kHz band to the amateur service on a secondary basis and limited the maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) of amateur stations using this band to five watts in the United States, except for that portion of Alaska that is within 800 kilometers of the Russian Federation's borders, where the maximum EIRP is limited to one watt.
4. The amateur service will share this band with Power Line Carrier (PLC) systems, which electric utility companies use and operate in the 9-490 kHz range under part 15 of the Commission's rules on an unprotected and non-interference basis with respect to authorized radio users. While the Utilities Telecom Council (UTC) objected to the Commission's allocation proposal on the basis that an increased interference potential between amateur operations and PLC systems could deprive utilities of the flexibility needed to deploy PLC systems, the amateur radio community supported this allocation as useful for improving technical knowledge on radio propagation and because they believed that co-existence with PLC systems is possible due to existing amateur service operations on frequencies near 500 kHz under experimental licenses that have not resulted in any interference complaints.
5. The Commission agreed that adding a secondary amateur service allocation to the 472-479 kHz band will provide new opportunities for amateur operators to experiment with equipment, techniques, antennas, and propagation phenomena. The 472-479 kHz band offers amateur service operators different propagation characteristics from the 135.7-137.8 kHz band, which was allocated on a secondary basis to amateur service in the WRC-07 Report and Order. Further, a secondary allocation to the amateur service harmonizes the United States and international allocations for this band and provide new opportunities for amateur service experimentation. At the same time, the Commission recognized the importance of PLC systems and their impact on utility safety, security and reliability of utility operations, and found that co-existence between PLC systems and amateur radio operations in these bands is possible under the service rules the Commission adopted in this Order.
6. As proposed in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission removed several allocations from the 135.7-137.8 kHz and 472-479 kHz bands. It deleted the non-Federal fixed service (FS) and maritime mobile service (MMS) allocations from the 135.7-137.8 kHz band because there are no non-Federal stations in the FS and MMS that are licensed to operate in this band, and because it found that any future requirements for non-Federal stations in the FS or MMS can be accommodated in other frequency bands. However, because there is some limited Federal use of this band, the Commission maintained the existing primary FS and Start Printed Page 27180MMS allocations in the Federal Table. The Commission deleted the Federal MMS and aeronautical radionavigation service (ARNS) allocations and the non-Federal MMS allocation from the 472-479 kHz band. NTIA has not authorized any Federal stations in the ARNS or MMS to operate in the 472-479 kHz band, and there is only limited use of the non-Federal MMS allocation. Any future requirements for non-Federal MMS stations can be accommodated in other frequency bands. However, there are two non-Federal licensees that operate three public coast stations under their current licenses on a primary basis. The Commission grandfathered operation of these stations by amending § 80.357(b)(1) to limit the use of the 472-479 kHz band to public coast stations that were licensed as of the effective date of this Report and Order and by adding a footnote to the Table of Allocations that grandfathers the following licensees to operate public coast stations on a primary basis in the 472-479 kHz band pursuant to their current radio station authorization, subject to periodic renewals: Global HF Net LLC (call signs KFS and WNU) and New England Historical Radio Society, Inc. (call sign WNE).
7. The Commission adopted service rules for the amateur radio service in the 135.7-137.8 kHz (2200 meter band) and 472-479 kHz (630 meter band) bands that will ensure the compatibility of amateur radio operations and PLC systems that operate in these bands, and promote the shared use of these bands. Under these rules, electric utilities will not be required to modify existing PLC systems to accommodate amateur operations, and previously notified amateur stations will not be required to alter their operations to accommodate new or modified PLC operations.
8. As proposed, the Commission will permit amateur stations to operate in the 135.7-137.8 kHz and 472-479 kHz bands when separated by a specified distance from electric power transmission lines with PLC systems that use the same bands. To support the operations of both the amateur service and PLC systems in these bands, the Commission adopted a minimum horizontal separation distance of one kilometer between the transmission line and the amateur station when operating in these bands.
9. Regarding operations in the 135.7-137.8 kHz band, ARRL provided a technical analysis in ET Docket No. 12-338, which concluded that PLC systems “will be sufficiently protected from amateur stations transmitting at an EIRP of 1 W with a separation distance of 1 km from the transmission lines carrying the PLC signals, beyond which there is no interference potential.” UTC agreed with this conclusion and supported a separation distance of at least one kilometer for amateur operation in this band. While ARRL preferred that amateur stations have the option to be located closer to the transmission lines with PLC systems and recommended a notification procedure to address any potential interference to PLC systems, the Commission found that a one kilometer separation distance reasonably ensures that PLC systems and amateur radio stations are unlikely to experience interference. In addition, establishing a zone where amateur use is not authorized will simplify and streamline the process for determining whether an amateur station can transmit in these bands when in proximity to transmission lines upon which PLC systems operate.
10. The Commission adopted the same separation distance for amateur operations in the 472-479 kHz band, as it did for the 135.7-137.8 kHz band, since these bands share the same considerations for co-existence of the two uses.
11. The Commission restricted amateur service operations to fixed locations and prohibited mobile operations in these bands. This restriction will ensure that amateur stations remain at the locations specified in their notification and comply with the separation distance requirements discussed below. UTC and some amateur service commenters supported this restriction. The Commission will allow temporary fixed use at sites that meet its technical rules and follow its notification requirements. In other words, the location of the amateur station must not be located within one kilometer of PLC systems and its operations must be in accordance with part 97 rules.
12. The Commission required amateur operators to notify UTC of the location of their proposed station prior to commencing operations, to confirm that the station is not located within the one kilometer separation distance. Even though several amateur service commenters claimed that they can readily identify transmission lines and compute the separation distance, the Commission found that transmission lines are not always readily identifiable. Further, amateur operators may not be able to determine whether PLC systems operate in the relevant bands on the subject transmission lines. The notification requirement will entail notifying UTC of the operator's call sign and coordinates of the proposed station's location for confirmation that the location is outside the one kilometer separation distance, or the relevant PLC system is not transmitting on the requested bands. UTC, which maintains a database of PLC systems must respond to the notification within 30 days if it objects. If UTC raises no objection, amateur radio operators may commence operations on the band identified in their notification. The Wireless Telecommunications Bureau will issue a public notice providing the details for filing notifications with UTC.
13. The notification procedures the Commission adopted seek to strike a balance between amateur operations used for experimental purposes and PLC operation used by electric utilities for the reliability and security of electric service to the public. These procedures are the least burdensome considering the Commission seeks to ensure that no potential interference occurs from these two uses. A simple notification to UTC with a 30-day waiting period does not appear to be burdensome. Amateur operations can commence as soon as that period expires. While ARRL sought direct access to the PLC database, the Commission noted that UTC has control of the PLC database which can be updated, and found no reason to mandate its release to another party especially considering the sensitive nature of information it contains.
14. If an electric utility seeks to deploy a new or modified PLC system on a transmission line that is within one kilometer of a previously coordinated amateur station, the electric utility must employ a frequency in the 9-490 kHz range that has not been included in the amateur station's notification, as ARRL suggests. If the previously coordinated amateur station no longer operates in the band, the electric utility may deploy a PLC system in that band.
15. As discussed in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission adopted maximum EIRP limits and transmitter power limits for the new amateur service bands. Amateur stations may operate in the 135.7-137.8 kHz band with a maximum radiated power of one watt EIRP. The Commission found that amateur stations operating in the 135.7-137.8 kHz band should be subject only to the general part 97 limit of 1.5 kW peak envelope power (PEP). The Commission found it unnecessary to limit the transmitter power beyond what it is already provided for in its rules, because antennas used in this frequency band are highly inefficient in converting the RF power delivered to the antenna terminals.
16. The Commission also adopted the power limits proposed in the WRC-12 NPRM for amateur stations operating in Start Printed Page 27181the 472-479 kHz band. For such stations, the maximum radiated power will be five watts EIRP, except for stations located in the portion of Alaska that is within 800 kilometers of the Russian Federation, where the EIRP will be limited to one watt. The Commission also limited the transmitter power for amateur radio operations in the 472-479 kHz band to 500 watts PEP; provided, however, that the resulting radiated power does not exceed five watts EIRP. In other words, it may be necessary to reduce transmitter power below 500 watts PEP to avoid exceeding the five watts EIRP limit.
17. As discussed in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission required that the antennas used to transmit in these bands not exceed 60 meters in height above ground level, as ARRL proposed. The adoption of this height restriction will aid in the sharing of these amateur service bands with PLC systems by limiting the potential for amateurs' signals to exceed the adopted EIRP limits with longer, higher gain antennas, and could reduce the number of antenna structures that must comply with the Federal Aviation Administration notification and obstruction marking and lighting requirements in part 17 of the Commission's rules.
18. As discussed in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission made these bands available for Amateur Extra, Advanced and General Class licensees. Consistent with its proposal in the WRC-12 NPRM and with the existing rules in § 97.305 for the frequency bands below 30 MHz, the Commission authorized amateur stations to transmit the following emission types throughout the new amateur bands: CW (international Morse code telegraphy), RTTY (narrow-band direct-printing telegraphy), data, phone, and image emissions. These emission types provide amateur operators with maximum flexibility, and the Commission found that additional restrictions would needlessly hinder experimentation.
19. The Commission amended § 97.303 to list the radiocommunication services that must be protected from harmful interference. Specifically, amateur stations transmitting in the 135.7-137.8 kHz band must not cause harmful interference to, and must accept interference from, stations authorized by the United States Government in the fixed and maritime mobile services and stations authorized by other nations in the fixed, maritime mobile, and radionavigation services. Amateur stations transmitting in the 472-479 kHz band must not cause harmful interference to, and must accept interference from, stations authorized by the Commission in the maritime mobile service and stations authorized by other nations in the maritime mobile and aeronautical radionavigation services.
20. The Commission declined to prohibit automatically controlled stations from operating in these bands. Further, as proposed in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission added definitions for the terms effective radiated power, isotropically radiated power and LF (low frequency) in section 97.3 of its rules. Finally, the Commission declined to permit previously licensed experimental stations—some of which have been authorized with significantly more radiated power than the adopted EIRP limits for these new amateur service bands—to communicate with amateur stations operating in these bands. Amateur operations in these bands currently authorized under experimental licenses should transition their operations in accordance with the adopted rules and not circumvent such rules by use of experimental licenses.
21. The Commission allocated the 1900-2000 kHz band to the MMS on a primary basis for non-Federal use in ITU Regions 2 and 3, and limited the use of this allocation to radio buoys on the open sea and the Great Lakes. Section 80.5 of the Commission's rules define open sea as the water area of the open coast seaward of the ordinary low-water mark, or seaward of inland waters. This allocation addresses the limited situations where radio buoys cannot be authorized under the radiolocation service allocation because of newer technology that uses features like GPS rather than radiodetermination.
22. In the WRC-07 R&O, the Commission recognized the public benefit associated with the use of radio buoys by the U.S. commercial fishing fleet, and in the WRC-12 NPRM the Commission proposed revisions to its rules that would provide radio buoy operators with a legitimate path to operate. In doing so, the Commission proposed to geographically limit the use of the MMS allocation, and the existing radiolocation service allocation, to radio buoys used by the U.S. commercial fishing fleet on the open sea, but sought comment on whether the geographic area should be extended to include the Chesapeake Bay, Great Lakes, or other inland waters.
23. The Commission recognized ARRL's concerns that radio buoy manufacturers will not be able to ensure where fishing vessels will be using radio buoys. However, the Commission believes that amateur radio and radio buoys can continue to share this frequency band as they have done for many years. Because radio buoys are low-power and narrow-bandwidth devices, while amateur stations tend to use much higher power, the Commission believes that they can continue to be accommodated with minimal impact on amateur radio operations. Any intermittent interference amateur operators may receive in the 1900-2000 kHz band from lower-powered radio buoys is not expected to significantly hamper amateur operations in the band because amateur operators can readily tune around these narrow radio buoy signals and because the adjacent 1800-1900 kHz band is allocated exclusively for amateur radio use. Although the Commission had requested comment on rules that would have effectively permitted radio buoys to operate on any waters where the United States exercises sovereignty, the Commission was persuaded by ARRL's comments to adopt final rules that are better tailored to the places where the commercial fishing fleet can make reasonable and productive use of radio buoys. The Commission thus found it in the public interest to permit commercial fishing vessels to use these buoys on the open sea and the Great Lakes.
24. Also, the Commission amended, as proposed, footnote NG92 to provide that the co-primary services in the 1900-2000 kHz band are protected from harmful interference only to the extent that the offending station is not operating in accordance with the technical rules. This statement clarifies that co-primary allocations in the 1900-2000 kHz band (i.e., the amateur, radiolocation, and maritime mobile services) share the same type of interference protection—one that protects only from a violation of the technical rules. Radio buoys and amateur stations have co-equal status and therefore have the same level of interference protection from each other.
25. The Commission declined to make additional spectrum available for radio buoy use. In the WRC-12 NPRM the Commission sought comment on alternative approaches that would allow continued radio buoy use by the U.S. commercial fishing fleet, including allocating additional spectrum. Several amateur radio commenters requested that new radio buoys be transitioned to another nearby frequency band. However, the Commission did not agree that additional spectrum is necessary for radio buoy operations because the Start Printed Page 271821900-2000 kHz band can be successfully shared with amateurs and the number of radio buoys does not appear to be significant enough to require a different allocation. In addition, as stated above, the 1800-1900 kHz band is already allocated for exclusive amateur use, and the record does not indicate that this exclusive allocation is insufficient and that the public interest would be served by creating an additional exclusive allocation for amateur use at 1900-2000 kHz. Therefore, it appeared unnecessary for the Commission to make additional spectrum available for exclusive amateur use at this time by relocating low-power radio buoys out of the 1900-2000 kHz band.
26. The Commission amended part 80 of its rules to authorize the use of frequencies in the 1900-2000 kHz band for radio buoy operations under a ship station license provided that the use of these frequencies is related to commercial fishing operations, the transmitter output power does not exceed 8 watts, and the station antenna height does not exceed 4.6 meters above sea level in a buoy station or 6 meters above the mast of the ship on which it is installed.
27. In the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission proposed to authorize buoy stations in the 1900-2000 kHz band, provided that the output power does not exceed 10 watts and the station antenna height does not exceed 4.6 meters above sea level in a buoy station or 6 meters above the mast of the ship on which it is installed. While part 90 did not establish power limits in this band, no equipment authorization has been sought with an output power over 8 watts. To address some of the amateur community's concerns over potential interference from these radio buoys, the Commission limited radio buoys transmitter output power to 8 watts.
28. The Commission found it unnecessary to provide the proposed six-month phase-out period for part 90 equipment authorizations considering that no applications for radio buoy equipment operating in the 1900-2000 kHz band have been submitted since the adoption of the WRC-12 NPRM. Hence, applications for equipment authorization of radio buoys must meet the new part 80 rules, as of the effective date of this Order. Also as proposed, the Commission grandfathered radio buoys authorized under § 90.103(b) prior to the cutoff date so they may continue to be manufactured, imported, and marketed under the previously approved equipment authorization.
29. The Commission took actions in support of aeronautical mobile (route) service (AM(R)S) surface applications at airports in the 5000-5030 MHz band and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in the 5030-5091 MHz band. As proposed, the Commission allocated the 5000-5030 MHz bands to the AM(R)S on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use, for systems operating in accordance with international aeronautical standards, limited to surface applications at airports (i.e., AeroMACS). AeroMACS refers to a collection of high data rate wireless networks that are used for airport surface operations (i.e. ground-to-ground communications) to provide broadband communications between aircraft and other ground vehicles, as well as between critical fixed assets. AeroMACS is designed to support a wide variety of services and applications, including Air Traffic Control/Air Traffic Management and infrastructure functions, as well as airline and airport operations.
30. In the WRC-07 R&O, the Commission made the globally harmonized 5091-5150 MHz band available for AeroMACS, expecting that it will be the main frequency band for deployment of AeroMACS. The Commission found that there is a need for additional spectrum, especially at the nation's busiest airports. This action extended the tuning range for AeroMACS to include the 5000-5030 MHz band in the United States.
31. The Commission allocated the 5030-5091 MHz band to the AM(R)S on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use and added international footnote 5.443C to this band limiting the use to internationally standardized aeronautical systems and setting limits for unwanted emissions from AM(R)S stations to adjacent band radionavigation-satellite service (RNSS) downlinks to an EIRP density of -75 dBW/MHz. The WRC-12 NPRM proposal, which was based on the U.S. Proposals for WRC-12, noted that the 5030-5091 MHz band would be appropriate to satisfy the terrestrial, line-of-sight, spectrum requirements for command and control of UAS in non-segregated airspace. The Commission adopted the AM(R)S allocation to support the anticipated growth of UAS and promote their safe operation. Technical and operational rules relating to altitude, weight, or other requirements will be addressed in the service rules for this band, which will be promulgated in a separate proceeding.
32. As proposed, the Commission added an entry in the U.S. Table that reflects the primary aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service (AMS(R)S) allocation in the 5000-5150 MHz band, previously reflected in a footnote. Further, the Commission adopted two international footnotes that limit the AMS(R)S allocation to internationally standardized aeronautical systems.
33. The Commission did not adopt proposed footnote US162, which would have encouraged fixed service operators transmitting in the adjacent bands (81-86 GHz and 92-94 GHz) to take all reasonable steps to ensure that their unwanted emissions power in the 86-92 GHz passive band does not exceed WRC-12's non-mandatory unwanted emissions levels.
34. The 86-92 GHz band is allocated to the Earth exploration-satellite service (EESS) (passive), radio astronomy service, and space research service (passive). WRC-12 sought to protect the EESS passive sensors that receive in this band, proposed non-mandatory protection requirements from out-of-band emissions from active services in adjacent bands and “urge[d] administrations to take all reasonable steps to ensure” that such emissions do not exceed the recommended maximum levels. The WRC-12 NPRM proposed the adoption of a footnote that would “encourage operators of fixed stations [. . .] to take all reasonable steps to ensure that their unwanted emissions in the 86-92 GHz does not exceed WRC-12's non-mandatory unwanted emission levels” (emphasis added).
35. The Commission recognized that the proposed footnote US162 provides emission limits that are significantly more stringent than those in part 101 and concluded that adoption of the footnote would be confusing for incumbent users of the adjacent bands and would not provide any meaningful protection for the EESS passive sensors in the 86-92 GHz band beyond that already required under part 101 of the rules. Further, the adoption of the underlying emission limits for the protection of the EESS passive sensors in the 86-92 GHz band, an action supported by CORF, would require a proceeding in order to develop a record that could support changes to the existing rules. The current proceeding does not provide the appropriate proper framework to address such changes. In addition, there are other proceedings underway addressing part 101 emission Start Printed Page 27183mask rules governing fixed operations in these bands that may be better suited in examining these considerations.
36. As proposed, the Commission extended the U.S. Table of Allocations past the 275-1000 GHz band to 3000 GHz. These bands are “not allocated” to specific services, though passive services such as the EESS, space research service (SRS), and radio astronomy service already utilize portions of the 275-3000 GHz range for scientific observation. The Commission adopted a revised footnote US565 which incorporates language of the new international footnote 5.565 and of the proposed footnote US565.
37. WRC-12 revised international footnote 5.565 to identify an additional 226 gigahertz of spectrum for passive spaceborne sensor use in the 275-990 GHz range. The footnote further urges administrations, when making those frequencies available for active service applications to take all practicable steps to protect these passive services from harmful interference, until the date when the Table of Frequency Allocations is established in the 275-1000 GHz frequency range. CORF, in its comments, generally supported the sharing of frequency allocations where practical, stating that technical factors associated with radio transmission in these high frequencies may well support shared use in many cases. However, CORF objected to the proposed U.S. footnote because it appears to be at odds with international footnote 5.565's “explicit goal of protecting passive uses.”
38. The Commission did not agree with CORF's interpretation and was concerned that the text of international footnote 5.565 could be construed as placing a reservation for future passive service allocations in the U.S. Table, which would inhibit development of other radiocommunication services in this spectrum. Consistent with its tentatively conclusion in the WRC-12 NPRM, the Commission found that it is premature to establish a specific allocation in the U.S. Table in this frequency range and that it is unnecessary to place spectrum use restrictions in these frequencies. Instead, maintaining spectrum flexibility in these bands will encourage the development of new uses in the future.
39. The Commission recognized that the 275-3000 GHz frequency range is used—and may be used more extensively in the future—for experimentation with, and development of, an array of active service applications. Because international footnote 5.565 can be interpreted as establishing an “allocation” for passive uses only, the Commission found that the text of this international footnote must be clarified. In particular, the Commission was not prepared to determine whether the frequency bands identified for use by passive service applications in international footnote 5.565 are entitled to interference protection from a yet-to-be proposed active service. For these reasons, the Commission revised existing footnote US565 to identify expected passive uses of the 275-1000 GHz range and to clarify that this footnote does not establish any priority of use in the U.S. Table, and does not preclude or constrain any active service use or future allocation of frequency bands in the 275-3000 GHz range. This clarifying text is sufficient, given that passive and active services can share frequencies above 275 GHz without constraints, especially considering the atmospheric absorption at these frequencies and the narrowness of the antenna beamwidths, which make sharing among different services possible.
40. The Commission amended §§ 2.100, 2.102, 2.106, 80.215, 80.373, 80.871, 90.7, 90.103, and 90.425 of its rules to implement proposals in the WRC-12 NPRM that were not addressed by any of the commenters. It found these proposals implement important U.S. policy goals and serve the public interest for the reasons stated in the WRC-12 NPRM.
41. Passive Systems for Lightning Detection (8.3-11.3 kHz). The Commission allocated the 8.3-9 kHz and 9-11.3 kHz bands to the meteorological aids service on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use. The Commission also adopted international footnote 5.54A, limiting use of these frequency bands to passive use only. Consequently, the Commission revised Section 2.102(a) to require that the assignment of frequencies between 8.3 kHz and 275 GHz be in accordance with the Allocation Table.
42. Maritime Mobile Service Use of the Frequency 500 kHz. The Commission allocated the 495-505 kHz band to the maritime mobile service, removes the aeronautical mobile and land mobile service portions of the existing allocation, and removes the existing distress and calling restriction.
43. Oceanographic Radar Applications in the 4-44 MHz Range. The Commission allocated seven frequency bands (4.438-4.488 MHz, 5.25-5.275 MHz, 16.1-16.2 MHz, 24.45-24.65 MHz, 26.2-26.42 MHz, 41.015-41.665 MHz, and 43.35-44 MHz) to the radiolocation service (RLS) on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use, and allocate the 13.45-13.55 MHz band to the RLS on a secondary basis for Federal and non-Federal use. The Commission added footnotes to the U.S. Table that prohibit oceanographic radars transmitting in these bands from causing harmful interference to, or claiming protection from, existing and future stations in the incumbent fixed and mobile services. The Commission also raised to primary status the secondary mobile except aeronautical mobile service allocation in the 5.25-5.275 MHz band, so that existing and future stations in this service can also be protected from interference from oceanographic radars. Next, the Commission amended part 90 of its rules by adding the oceanographic radar bands to the Radiolocation Service Frequency Table and took other associated actions that incorporate WRC-12's operational requirements for oceanographic radars and allowed licensees of existing experimental stations to apply for part 90 licenses. Finally, the Commission required that all oceanographic radar licensees currently operating under part 5 of the rules transition their operations to frequencies within an allocated band within five years of the effective date of this Report and Order.
44. Improved Satellite-AIS Capability. To improve satellite detection of messages from maritime Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), the Commission reallocated two bands—156.7625-156.7875 MHz (AIS 3) and 156.8125-156.8375 MHz (AIS 4)—to the mobile-satellite service (MSS), restricted to Earth-to-space (uplink) operations, on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use. The Commission revised footnote US52 to restrict the use of these MSS uplink allocations to the reception of long-range AIS broadcast messages from ships. The Commission removed the primary MMS allocation from these bands and amends the relevant rules to remove references to these MMS frequencies. The Commission further revised footnote US52 to grandfather the single MMS licensee (BKEP Materials, LLC) until the expiration date of its licenses (August 26, 2019). The Commission amended Section 80.203 to clarify that it will no longer accept applications for certification of non-AIS VHF radios that include channels 75 (156.775 MHz) and 76 (156.825 MHz) as of the effective date of this Report and Start Printed Page 27184Order. Finally, the Commission added to Section 80.393 the simplex channels at 156.775 MHz (AIS 3) and 156.825 MHz (AIS 4) and it added to Section 25.202 these bands and the existing AIS bands (161.9625-161.9875 MHz and 162.0125-162.0375 MHz).
45. Allocating the 22.55-23.15 GHz and 25.5-27 GHz Bands to the Space Research Service. The Commission amended the U.S. Table to allocate the 22.55-23.15 GHz band to the SRS (Earth-to-space) on a primary basis for both Federal and non-Federal use and to add a reference to international footnote 5.532A. In addition, the Commission added a primary non-Federal SRS (space-to-Earth) allocation to the companion 25.5-27 GHz band, which currently is allocated to the SRS (space-to-Earth) only for Federal use.
46. Deletion of Aeronautical Mobile Service from the 37-38 GHz Band. The Commission amended the U.S. Table to limit the existing primary mobile service allocation in the 37-38 GHz band only to the land mobile and maritime mobile services. In other words, this primary allocation entry will read “MOBILE except aeronautical mobile” service.
47. Allocating the 7850-7900 MHz Band to the Federal Meteorological-Satellite Service. The Commission allocated the 7850-7900 MHz band to the meteorological satellite-service (MetSat) (space-to-Earth) on a primary basis for Federal use and adopt international footnote 5.461B restricting use of the allocation to non-geostationary systems. As consequence of this action, the larger 7750-7900 MHz band is now allocated to the fixed service and the meteorological satellite-service (space-to-Earth) on a primary basis for Federal use, and per international footnote 5.461B, MetSat use of this band is limited to non-geostationary satellite systems.
48. Allocating the 15.4-15.7 GHz Band to the Federal Radiolocation Service. The Commission allocated the 15.4-15.7 GHz band to the RLS on a primary basis for Federal use. The Commission also added international footnotes 5.511E and 5.511F to the Federal Table, which require that RLS stations operating in the 15.4-15.7 GHz band not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, stations operating in the aeronautical radionavigation service, and not exceed the power flux-density level of −156 dB(W/m2) in a 50 MHz bandwidth in the 15.35-15.4 GHz band, at any radio astronomy observatory site for more than 2 percent of the time. Also, the Commission adopted footnote US511E, which limits RLS use of the 15.4-15.7 GHz band to Federal systems requiring a necessary bandwidth greater than 1600 MHz that cannot be accommodated within the band 15.7-17.3 GHz, except that radar systems requiring use of the band 15.4-15.7 GHz for testing, training, and exercises may be accommodated on a case-by-case basis.
49. Other Administrative Matters. The Commission adopted its proposal to update footnote NG49 and renumbered this footnote as NG16. Specifically, the Commission no longer lists the individual frequencies within the footnote, and it removed the geographic restriction from this footnote. These updates will bring the U.S. Table in line with existing service rules. The Commission also amended Section 2.100 of its rules to state that the ITU Radio Regulations, Edition of 2012, have been incorporated to the extent practicable in part 2.
50. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended (RFA) [1] requires that a regulatory flexibility analysis be prepared for rulemaking proceedings, unless the agency certifies that “the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.” [2] The RFA generally defines “small entity” as having the same meaning as the terms “small business,” “small organization,” and “small governmental jurisdiction.” [3] In addition, the term “small business” has the same meaning as the term “small business concern” under the Small Business Act.[4] A small business concern is one which: (1) Is independently owned and operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and (3) satisfies any additional criteria established by the Small Business Administration (SBA).[5]
51. In this Report and Order, the Commission took three actions that will cause a direct cost to regulated entities. First, the Commission required that all commercial fishing vessels that operate radio buoys in the 1900-2000 kHz band be authorized under a ship radio station license. Based on the comments of ITM Marine in ET Docket No. 12-338, there are between 750 and 1000 active commercial fishing vessels that operate such radio buoys.[6] The Commission expects that some of these fishing vessels are owned by small businesses that do not already have a ship radio station license. Because the total cost for a ship radio station license is $215, the Commission found that the direct cost of this requirement will be far less than one percent of revenue for any future small business licensee.
52. Second, the Commission required that oceanographic radars, which currently operate under experimental license authority, operate in accordance with the adopted part 90 rules within five years of the effective date of this Report and Order. Based on its review of licenses in the Commission's Experimental Licensing System, the adopted rules will affect nine universities and one manufacturer. Based on information provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Commission believes that, in most cases, existing oceanographic radars can transition to the nearest allocated band without major hardware modification.[7] The Commission noted that only two of these universities are private institutions (Cornell University and San Francisco University) that meet the definition of small organization, see 5 U.S.C. 601(4). The Commission further noted that there “are 1,600 private, nonprofit institutions nationwide,” [8] and the great majority of these are clearly small organizations. Therefore, the Commission found that requiring oceanographic radars to operate under the adopted part 90 rules will impact far less than one percent of private, Start Printed Page 27185nonprofit academic institutions that are small organizations. The Commission also believes that the single licensee that is a manufacturer (CODAR Ocean Sensor, Ltd.) will be positively impacted because it has committed to “produce, sell, and support [oceanographic radars] that operate in all of the ITU allocated bands and conform to any local regulations.” [9]
53. Third, the Commission reallocated the 156.7625-156.7875 MHz and 156.8125-156.8375 MHz bands from MMS to the mobile-satellite service, and requires that MMS operations in these bands cease as of August 26, 2019. There is a single licensee (BKEP Materials, LLC) authorized to operate three private coast stations in these bands. Based on its review of licenses in the Commission's Universal Licensing System, the Commission has issued 2770 licenses for private coast stations to operate in the 156-157.1 MHz band. The Commission estimated that at least 1000 of these licensees are small entities. Therefore, the Commission found that these reallocations will impact far less than one percent of the total number of small entities operating in the 156-157.1 MHz band.
54. Therefore, the Commission certified that the requirements of this Report and Order will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The Commission will send a copy of this Report and Order including this final certification, in a report to Congress pursuant to the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, see 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). In addition, the Report and Order and this certification will be sent to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration, and will be published in the Federal Register. See 5 U.S.C. 605(b).
55. This Report and Order contains new information collections subject to the PRA, Public Law 104-13. It will be submitted to OMB for review under Section 3507(d) of the PRA. The Commission will publish a separate notice in the Federal Register inviting comment on the new information collection requirements adopted herein. The requirements will not go into effect until OMB has approved it and the Commission has published a notice announcing the effective date of the information collection requirements. In this document, the Commission has assessed the potential effects of the prior notification requirement for amateur service operations in the 135.7-137.8 kHz and 472-479 kHz bands, and found that there will in the great majority of instances be a de minimis paperwork burden for amateur service licensees resulting from the collection of information by the Utilities Telecom Council. Finally, the Commission noted that, because “small entities,” as defined in the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended, are not persons eligible for licensing in the amateur service, this rule does not apply to “small entities.” Therefore, the requirement in the Small Business Paperwork Relief Act of 2002, Public Law 107-198, 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4), that the Commission seek to further reduce this information requirement burden for small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees does not apply.
56. The Commission will send a copy of this Report and Order to Congress and the Government Accountability Office pursuant to the Congressional Review Act, see 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A).
57. Pursuant to sections 1, 4, 301, 302, and 303 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 151, 154, 301, 302a, and 303, this Report and Order is hereby adopted and the Commission's rules are amended as set forth below.
58. The rule amendments adopted herein shall be effective 30 days after date of Federal Register publication of the Report and Order, except for §§ 97.3, 97.15(c), 97.301(b) through (d), 97.303(g), 97.305(c), and 97.313(k) and (l), because § 97.303(g)(2) contains a new information collection requirement that requires approval by OMB under the PRA. These rules sections shall be effective after the Commission publishes a notice in the Federal Register announcing such approval and the relevant effective date.
59. The Commission's Consumer and Governmental Affairs Bureau, Reference Information Center, shall send a copy of this Report and Order, including the Final Regulatory Flexibility Certification, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration.
60. It is further ordered that the Commission shall send a copy of this Report and Order in a report to be sent to Congress and the General Accounting Office pursuant to the Congressional Review Act, see 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A).
For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Federal Communications Commission amends 47 CFR parts 2, 15, 25, 80, 90, and 97 as follows:
2. Revise § 2.100 to read as follows:
3. In § 2.102, revise paragraph (a) to read as follows:
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the assignment of frequencies and bands of frequencies to all stations and classes of stations and the licensing and authorizing of the use of all such frequencies between 8.3 kHz and 275 GHz, and the actual use of such frequencies for radiocommunication or for any other purpose, including the transfer of energy by radio, shall be in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations in § 2.106.
4. In § 2.106, the Table of Frequency Allocations is amended as follows:
a. Pages 1-2, 4-5, 7-8, 11-13, 15-20, 23-24, 41-42, 45, 51, 53-54, 57, and 67-68 are revised.
b. In the list of United States (US) Footnotes, footnotes US52, US231, US246, and US565 are revised; footnotes US115, US132A, and US511E are added; and footnote US367 is removed.
c. In the list of non-Federal Government (NG) Footnotes, footnotes NG8 and NG16 are added, footnote NG49 is removed, and footnote NG92 is revised.
Start Printed Page 27189
Start Printed Page 27197
(a) Except as provided for below, the use of the bands 161.9625-161.9875 MHz (AIS 1 with center frequency 161.975 MHz) and 162.0125-162.0375 MHz (AIS 2 with center frequency 162.025 MHz) by the maritime mobile and mobile-satellite (Earth-to-space) services is restricted to Automatic Identification Systems (AIS). The use of Start Printed Page 27212these bands by the aeronautical mobile (OR) service is restricted to AIS emissions from search and rescue aircraft operations. Frequencies in the AIS 1 band may continue to be used by non-Federal base, fixed, and land mobile stations until March 2, 2024.
US115 In the bands 5000-5010 MHz and 5010-5030 MHz, the following provisions shall apply:
(a) In the band 5000-5010 MHz, systems in the aeronautical mobile (R) service (AM(R)S) are limited to surface applications at airports that operate in accordance with international aeronautical standards (i.e., AeroMACS).
(b) The band 5010-5030 MHz is also allocated on a primary basis to the AM(R)S, limited to surface applications at airports that operate in accordance with international aeronautical standards. In making assignments for this band, attempts shall first be made to satisfy the AM(R)S requirements in the bands 5000-5010 MHz and 5091-5150 MHz. AM(R)S systems used in the band 5010-5030 MHz shall be designed and implemented to be capable of operational modification if receiving harmful interference from the radionavigation-satellite service. Finally, notwithstanding Radio Regulation No. 4.10, stations in the AM(R)S operating in this band shall be designed and implemented to be capable of operational modification to reduce throughput and/or preclude the use of specific frequencies in order to ensure protection of radionavigation-satellite service systems operating in this band.
US132A In the bands 26.2-26.42 MHz, 41.015-41.665 MHz, and 43.35-44 MHz, applications of radiolocation service are limited to oceanographic radars operating in accordance with ITU Resolution 612 (Rev. WRC-12). Oceanographic radars shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, non-Federal stations in the land mobile service in the bands 26.2-26.42 MHz and 43.69-44 MHz, Federal stations in the fixed or mobile services in the band 41.015-41.665 MHz, and non-Federal stations in the fixed or land mobile services in the band 43.35-43.69 MHz.
US231 When an assignment cannot be obtained in the bands between 200 kHz and 525 kHz, which are allocated to aeronautical radionavigation, assignments may be made to aeronautical radiobeacons in the maritime mobile bands at 435-472 kHz and 479-490 kHz, on a secondary basis, subject to the coordination and agreement of those agencies having assignments within the maritime mobile bands which may be affected. Assignments to Federal aeronautical radionavigation radiobeacons in the bands 435-472 kHz and 479-490 kHz shall not be a bar to any required changes to the maritime mobile service and shall be limited to non-voice emissions.
US246 No station shall be authorized to transmit in the following bands: 73-74.6 MHz, 608-614 MHz, except for medical telemetry equipment [1] and white space devices,[2] 1400-1427 MHz, 1660.5-1668.4 MHz, 2690-2700 MHz, 4990-5000 MHz, 10.68-10.7 GHz, 15.35-15.4 GHz, 23.6-24 GHz, 31.3-31.8 GHz, 50.2-50.4 GHz, 52.6-54.25 GHz, 86-92 GHz, 100-102 GHz, 109.5-111.8 GHz, 114.25-116 GHz, 148.5-151.5 GHz, 164-167 GHz, 182-185 GHz, 190-191.8 GHz, 200-209 GHz, 226-231.5 GHz, 250-252 GHz.
US511E The use of the band 15.4-15.7 GHz by the radiolocation service is limited to Federal systems requiring a necessary bandwidth greater than 1600 MHz that cannot be accommodated within the band 15.7-17.3 GHz except as described below. In the band 15.4-15.7 GHz, stations operating in the radiolocation service shall not cause harmful interference to, nor claim protection from, radars operating in the aeronautical radionavigation service. Radar systems operating in the radiolocation service shall not be developed solely for operation in the band 15.4-15.7 GHz. Radar systems requiring use of the band 15.4-15.7 GHz for testing, training, and exercises may be accommodated on a case-by-case basis.
US565 The following frequency bands in the range 275-1000 GHz are identified for passive service applications:
—Radio astronomy service: 275-323 GHz, 327-371 GHz, 388-424 GHz, 426-442 GHz, 453-510 GHz, 623-711 GHz, 795-909 GHz and 926-945 GHz;
—Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) and space research service (passive): 275-286 GHz, 296-306 GHz, 313-356 GHz, 361-365 GHz, 369-392 GHz, 397-399 GHz, 409-411 GHz, 416-434 GHz, 439-467 GHz, 477-502 GHz, 523-527 GHz, 538-581 GHz, 611-630 GHz, 634-654 GHz, 657-692 GHz, 713-718 GHz, 729-733 GHz, 750-754 GHz, 771-776 GHz, 823-846 GHz, 850-854 GHz, 857-862 GHz, 866-882 GHz, 905-928 GHz, 951-956 GHz, 968-973 GHz and 985-990 GHz.
The use of the range 275-1000 GHz by the passive services does not preclude use of this range by active services. This provision does not establish priority of use in the United States Table of Frequency Allocations, and does not preclude or constrain any active service use or future allocation of frequency bands in the 275-3000 GHz range.Start Printed Page 27213
NG8 In the band 472-479 kHz, non-Federal stations in the maritime mobile service that were licensed or applied for prior to [insert effective date of the WRC-12 R&O] may continue to operate on a primary basis, subject to periodic license renewals.
NG16 In the bands 72-73 MHz and 75.4-76 MHz, frequencies may be authorized for mobile operations in the Industrial/Business Radio Pool, subject to not causing interference to the reception of broadcast television signals on channels 4 and 5.
6. In § 15.113, add paragraph (g) to read as follows:
(g) Special provisions. An electric power utility entity shall not operate a new or modified power line carrier (PLC) system in the 135.7-137.8 kHz and/or 472-479 kHz bands if a previously coordinated amateur station pursuant to § 97.301(g)(2) of this chapter is located within one kilometer of the transmission lines conducting the PLC signal.
Authority: 47 U.S.C. 154, 301, 302, 303, 307, 309, 319, 332, 605, and 721, unless otherwise noted.
8. In § 25.202, add paragraph (a)(12) to read as follows:
10. In § 80.203, add paragraph (p) to read as follows:
(p) As of [insert effective date of this Report and Order], the Commission will no longer accept applications for certification of non-AIS VHF radios that include channels 75 and 76.
11. In § 80.215, remove footnote 13 from paragraph (e)(1) and remove and reserve paragraph (g)(3).
12. In § 80.357, revise footnote 1 to the table in paragraph (b)(1) to read as follows:
1 All frequencies in this table are shown in kilohertz. The use of frequencies in the 472-479 kHz band is restricted to public coast stations that were licensed on or before [insert effective date of this R&O].
13. In § 80.373, the table in paragraph (f) is amended under the heading “Port Operations” by removing the entries for channel designator 75 (156.775 MHz) and channel designator 76 (156.825 MHz), including the text of footnote 18; and under the heading “Noncommercial” by redesignating footnote 19 which is associated with channel designator 71 (156.575 MHz) as footnote 18.
14. Add § 80.376 under center heading “Radiodetermination” to read as follows:
§ 80.376
Radio buoy operations.
15. Revise § 80.393 to read as follows:
16. In § 80.871, the table in paragraph (d) is amended by removing the entries for channel designator 75 (156.775 MHz) and channel designator 76 (156.825 MHz).
17. The authority citation for part 90 continues to read as follows:
18. In § 90.7, add a definition for “Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP)” in alphabetical order to read as follows:
Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP). The product of the power supplied to the antenna and the antenna Start Printed Page 27214gain in a given direction relative to an isotropic antenna (absolute or isotropic gain).
19. Amend § 90.103 as follows:
a. In the table in paragraph (b), revise the entries set out below; and
b. Add paragraph (c)(3).
(3) Operations in this band are limited to oceanographic radars using transmitters with a peak equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) not to exceed 25 dBW. Oceanographic radars shall not cause harmful interference to, nor claim protection from interference caused by, stations in the fixed or mobile services as specified in § 2.106, footnotes 5.132A, 5.145A, and US132A. See Resolution 612 of the ITU Radio Regulations for international coordination requirements and for recommended spectrum sharing techniques.
20. In § 90.425, revise paragraph (c)(1) and add paragraph (c)(3) to read as follows:
21. The authority citation for part 97 continues to read as follows:
22. In § 97.3, revise paragraphs (b)(1) through (11) and add paragraphs (b)(12) through (14) to read as follows:
23. In § 97.15, add paragraph (c) to read as follows:
24. In § 97.301, amend the tables in each of paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) as follows:
a. Add the sub-heading “LF” and the entry for the “2200 m” wavelength band; and
b. Under the existing sub-heading “MF” add the entry for the “630 m” wavelength band.
25. In § 97.303, add paragraph (g) to read as follows:
26. In § 97.305, amend the table in paragraph (c) as follows: Start Printed Page 27216
a. Add sub-heading “LF:” and two entries for the “2200 m” wavelength band; and
b. Under existing sub-heading “MF:” add two entries for the “630 m” wavelength band.
27. In § 97.313, add paragraphs (k) and (l) to read as follows.
1. The RFA, see 5 U.S.C. 601 et. seq., has been amended by the Contract With America Advancement Act of 1996, Public Law 104-121, 110 Stat. 847 (1996) (CWAAA). Title II of the CWAAA is the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (SBREFA).
6. See Amendment of Parts 1, 2, 15, 74, 78, 87, 90, and 97 of the Commission's Rules Regarding Implementation of the Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007) (WRC-07), Other Allocation Issues, and Related Rule Updates, ET Docket 12-338, Comments of Steve Beaver (March 4, 2013) at 1 (“We estimate that there are at least 500 active [high seas migratory species fishing] vessels, and possible 250-500 more in the USA, which are using radio buoys.”).
7. See National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Summary of WRC-12 HF Radar Frequency Outcomes (Jan. 26, 2012) (“In most cases, transitioning to the nearest allocated band should not require major hardware modification”), http://www.ioos.noaa.gov/​hfradar/​summary_​wrc_​12outcomes.pdf.
8. See “Quick Facts About Private Colleges” by the National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities (http://www.naicu.edu/​about/​page/​quick-facts-about-private-colleges#Institution).
9. See “Outcome of the 2012 World Radiocommunication Conference: Oceanographic HF Radars Officially Recognized by ITU,” March 2012, by CODAR Ocean Sensors (http://www.codar.com/​news_​03_​2012_​2.shtml).
2. White space devices shall not cause harmful interference to radio astronomy operations in the band 608-614 MHz and shall not operate within the areas described in 47 CFR 15.712(h).
[FR Doc. 2017-09887 Filed 6-13-17; 8:45 am]