Source: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/49/5331?quicktabs_8=0
Timestamp: 2014-07-22 18:20:31
Document Index: 19003722

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 5331', '§ 5331', '§ 5331', '§ 1', '§ 6', '§ 342', '§ 3002', '§ 20022', '§ 6', '§ 20030', '§ 20022', '§ 3030', '§ 3002', '§ 3002', '§ 3030', '§ 3002', '§ 3002', '§ 3030', '§ 3030', '§ 53312012112', '§ 53312012112', 'art 40', 'art 655']

49 U.S. Code § 5331 - Alcohol and controlled substances testing | LII / Legal Information Institute
U.S. Code › Title 49 › Subtitle III › Chapter 53 › § 5331 49 U.S. Code § 5331 - Alcohol and controlled substances testing
“controlled substance” means any substance under section 102 of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 802) whose use the Secretary decides has a risk to transportation safety.
“person” includes any entity organized or existing under the laws of the United States, a State, territory, or possession of the United States, or a foreign country.
“public transportation” means any form of public transportation, except a form the Secretary decides is covered adequately, for employee alcohol and controlled substances testing purposes, under section 20140 or 31306 of this title or section 2303a, 7101
(i), or 7302
(e) of title 46. The Secretary may also decide that a form of public transportation is covered adequately, for employee alcohol and controlled substances testing purposes, under the alcohol and controlled substance statutes or regulations of an agency within the Department of Transportation or the Coast Guard.
Testing Program for Public Transportation Employees.— (1)
In the interest of public transportation safety, the Secretary shall prescribe regulations that establish a program requiring public transportation operations that receive financial assistance under section 5307, 5309, or 5311 of this title to conduct preemployment, reasonable suspicion, random, and post-accident testing of public transportation employees responsible for safety-sensitive functions (as decided by the Secretary) for the use of a controlled substance in violation of law or a United States Government regulation, and to conduct reasonable suspicion, random, and post-accident testing of such employees for the use of alcohol in violation of law or a United States Government regulation. The regulations shall permit such operations to conduct preemployment testing of such employees for the use of alcohol.
When the Secretary considers it appropriate in the interest of safety, the Secretary may prescribe regulations for conducting periodic recurring testing of public transportation employees responsible for safety-sensitive functions (as decided by the Secretary) for the use of alcohol or a controlled substance in violation of law or a Government regulation.
In prescribing regulations under this subsection, the Secretary—
shall require that post-accident testing of such a public transportation employee be conducted when loss of human life occurs in an accident involving public transportation; and
may require that post-accident testing of such a public transportation employee be conducted when bodily injury or significant property damage occurs in any other serious accident involving public transportation.
Disqualifications for Use.— (1)
When the Secretary considers it appropriate, the Secretary shall require disqualification for an established period of time or dismissal of any employee referred to in subsection (b)(1) of this section who is found—
to have used a controlled substance, whether or not on duty, except as allowed for medical purposes by law or regulation.
This section does not supersede any penalty applicable to a public transportation employee under another law.
Testing and Laboratory Requirements.— In carrying out subsection (b) of this section, the Secretary shall develop requirements that shall—
Rehabilitation.— The Secretary shall prescribe regulations establishing requirements for rehabilitation programs that provide for the identification and opportunity for treatment of any public transportation employee referred to in subsection (b)(1) of this section who is found to have used alcohol or a controlled substance in violation of law or a Government regulation. The Secretary shall decide on the circumstances under which employees shall be required to participate in a program. This subsection does not prevent a public transportation operation from establishing a program under this section in cooperation with another public transportation operation.
Relationship to Other Laws, Regulations, Standards, and Orders.— (1)
A State or local government may not prescribe, issue, or continue in effect a law, regulation, standard, or order that is inconsistent with regulations prescribed under this section. However, a regulation prescribed under this section does not preempt a State criminal law that imposes sanctions for reckless conduct leading to loss of life, injury, or damage to property.
In prescribing regulations under this section, the Secretary—
Conditions on Federal Assistance.— (1)
Ineligibility for assistance.— A person that receives funds under this chapter is not eligible for financial assistance under section 5307, 5309, or 5311 of this title if the person is required, under regulations the Secretary prescribes under this section, to establish a program of alcohol and controlled substances testing and does not establish the program in accordance with this section.
Additional remedies.— If the Secretary determines that a person that receives funds under this chapter is not in compliance with regulations prescribed under this section, the Secretary may bar the person from receiving Federal transit assistance in an amount the Secretary considers appropriate.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(d),July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 832; Pub. L. 103–429, § 6(13),Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4379; Pub. L. 104–59, title III, § 342(a),Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 608; Pub. L. 109–59, title III, §§ 3002(b)(3), (4), 3030,Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1545, 1625; Pub. L. 112–141, div. B, §§ 20022, 20030(f),July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 717, 731.)
Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 5331(a) 49 App.:1618a(a). Oct. 28, 1991, Pub. L. 102–143, § 6, 105 Stat. 962.
5331(b) 49 App.:1618a(b).
5331(c) 49 App.:1618a(f).
5331(d) 49 App.:1618a(d).
5331(e) 49 App.:1618a(c).
5331(f) 49 App.:1618a(e).
5331(g) 49 App.:1618a(g).
In subsection (a), before clause (1), the text of 49 App.:1618a(a)(3) is omitted as surplus because the complete name of the Secretary of Transportation is used the first time the term appears in a section. In clause (3), the words “controlled substances” are substituted for “drug” for consistency in this section.
In subsection (b)(1)(B), the word “also” is omitted as surplus.
In subsection (d), the word “samples” is omitted as surplus.
In subsection (d)(2), before subclause (A), the word “subsequent” is omitted as surplus.
In subsection (d)(3), the words “of any individual” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (d)(4), the words “by any individual” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (d)(5), the word “tested” is substituted for “assayed” for consistency. The words “2d confirmation test” are substituted for “independent test” for clarity and consistency.
In subsection (d)(6), the word “Secretary” is substituted for “Department” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
In subsection (f)(1), the word “prescribe” is substituted for “adopt” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code. The word “rule” is omitted as being synonymous with “regulation”. The word “ordinance” is omitted as being included in “law” and “regulation”. The words “whether the provisions apply specifically to mass transportation employees, or to the general public” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (f)(3), the word “prevent” is substituted for “restrict the discretion of” to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (g) the words “in accordance with such regulations” are omitted as surplus.
This amends 49:5331(a)(3) to correct an erroneous cross-reference.
2012—Pub. L. 112–141, § 20030(f), substituted “Secretary” for “Secretary of Transportation” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 112–141, § 20022, added subsec. (g) and struck out former subsec. (g). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A person is not eligible for financial assistance under section 5307, 5309, or 5311 of this title if the person is required, under regulations the Secretary of Transportation prescribes under this section, to establish a program of alcohol and controlled substances testing and does not establish the program.”
2005—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 109–59, § 3030(a), substituted “section 20140 or 31306 of this title or section 2303a, 7101
(e) of title 46” for “section 20140 or 31306 of this title” and inserted at end “The Secretary may also decide that a form of public transportation is covered adequately, for employee alcohol and controlled substances testing purposes, under the alcohol and controlled substance statutes or regulations of an agency within the Department of Transportation or the Coast Guard.”.
Pub. L. 109–59, § 3002(b)(4), substituted “public transportation” for “mass transportation” in two places.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–59, § 3002(b)(3), substituted “Public” for “Mass” in heading.
Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 109–59, § 3030(b), struck out “or section 103
(e)(4) of title 23” after “5311 of this title”.
Pub. L. 109–59, § 3002(b)(4), substituted “public transportation” for “mass transportation” wherever appearing.
Subsecs. (b)(1)(B), (2), (c)(2), (e). Pub. L. 109–59, § 3002(b)(4), substituted “public transportation” for “mass transportation” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 109–59, § 3030(c), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “This section does not prevent the Secretary of Transportation from continuing in effect, amending, or further supplementing a regulation prescribed before October 28, 1991, governing the use of alcohol or a controlled substance by mass transportation employees.”
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 109–59, § 3030(b), struck out “or section 103
1995—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 104–59added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as follows: “In the interest of mass transportation safety, the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe regulations not later than October 28, 1992, that establish a program requiring mass transportation operations that receive financial assistance under section 5307, 5309, or 5311 of this title or section 103
(e)(4) of title 23 to conduct preemployment, reasonable suspicion, random, and post-accident testing of mass transportation employees responsible for safety-sensitive functions (as decided by the Secretary) for the use of alcohol or a controlled substance in violation of law or a United States Government regulation.”
1994—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 103–429substituted “section 20140 or 31306” for “subchapter III of chapter 201 or section 31306”.
49 USCDescription of ChangeSession YearPublic LawStatutes at Large § 53312012112-141 [Sec.] 20030(f)126 Stat. 731 § 53312012112-141 [Sec.] 20022126 Stat. 717 This is a list of parts within the Code of Federal Regulations for which this US Code section provides rulemaking authority.This list is taken from the Parallel Table of Authorities and Rules provided by GPO [Government Printing Office].It is not guaranteed to be accurate or up-to-date, though we do refresh the database weekly. More limitations on accuracy are described at the GPO site.49 CFR - Transportation49 CFR Part 40 - PROCEDURES FOR TRANSPORTATION WORKPLACE DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING PROGRAMS49 CFR Part 655 - PREVENTION OF ALCOHOL MISUSE AND PROHIBITED DRUG USE IN TRANSIT OPERATIONS