Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP6350665B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-12 05:46:36
Document Index: 518159065

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 22', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 37', 'art 22', 'art 25', 'art 41']

JP6350665B2 - Sensor module and manhole information collection processing system - Google Patents
Sensor module and manhole information collection processing system Download PDF
JP6350665B2
JP6350665B2 JP2016542483A JP2016542483A JP6350665B2 JP 6350665 B2 JP6350665 B2 JP 6350665B2 JP 2016542483 A JP2016542483 A JP 2016542483A JP 2016542483 A JP2016542483 A JP 2016542483A JP 6350665 B2 JP6350665 B2 JP 6350665B2
JP2016542483A
JPWO2016024352A1 (en
悟覚 ▲高▼馬
2014-08-13 Application filed by 富士通株式会社 filed Critical 富士通株式会社
2014-08-13 Priority to PCT/JP2014/071411 priority Critical patent/WO2016024352A1/en
2017-06-15 Publication of JPWO2016024352A1 publication Critical patent/JPWO2016024352A1/en
2018-07-04 Publication of JP6350665B2 publication Critical patent/JP6350665B2/en
The present invention relates to a sensor module installed on a manhole cover, a fixing method thereof, a manhole information collection processing system, and a manhole information processing method.
In urban areas, networks of water and sewage, gas, electric power, and communication are set up, and manholes are provided for maintenance and the like. It is difficult to grasp the situation inside the manhole from the ground, and in order to grasp the situation inside the manhole, it was necessary for an operator to open the manhole cover and know the inside situation. For this reason, the task of grasping the situation in the manhole is a task that involves a great deal of expense, and it has been difficult to always perform the task.
For example, a combined or rainwater sewer network plays a role in preventing rainwater flowing from the road at the time of raining to the treatment plant and preventing flooding of the road. If there is, damage such as flooding and flooding of the road will occur. In recent years, heavy guerrilla rain has occurred, and countermeasures against this have become more important. In such a case, first, a large amount of rainwater flows into the pipe from the manhole, the water level of the pipe and the manhole rises, and finally the water overflows from the manhole cover. In the past, warnings and warnings were issued to the region by predicting the possibility of flooding and the degree of flooding based on rainfall. However, in order to accurately grasp the situation, it is desirable to grasp the actual situation in the manhole. However, in such a situation, a large amount of water is flowing in the manhole, and it is difficult for workers to open the manhole and check the inside situation from the viewpoint of personnel and safety, and grasp the situation inside the manhole That was not done.
Therefore, it has been proposed to arrange various sensors in the manhole and collect the information. However, in order to grasp the situation in the manhole, it is necessary to arrange a large number of sensors and collect their detection data. A large amount of money is required to arrange a large number of sensors, and a large amount of money is also required to construct and maintain a sensor system that collects detection data from a large number of arranged sensors.
Therefore, it has been proposed to provide a measurement device (sensor module) having a wireless communication device including an antenna on a manhole cover and collect detection data of the sensor module by wireless communication.
Generally, the confluence type or rainwater manhole cover has a hole for allowing the overflowed water to escape onto the road when the manhole overflows. Patent Document 1 discloses a sensor module having a wireless communication device that can be installed in this hole or can be installed only by performing simple processing around the hole of the manhole cover. In order for the sensor module to perform the detection operation and transmit the detection data by wireless communication, a power source is required. However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose any power source for the sensor module.
Patent Document 2 discloses a sensor module that is installed on a manhole cover and performs wireless communication using a space in a sewer pipe. Patent Document 2 discloses a power source for a sensor module including a set of a battery and a wind power generator or a solar power generator. However, Patent Document 2 does not disclose an installation structure of the sensor module on the manhole cover and an attachment structure of the wireless communication device arranged at the position of the sewer pipe to the manhole cover.
The sensor module disclosed in Patent Document 2 is equipped with a battery, but its replacement is a big problem because of its long life. Normally, manholes do not open for several years, and battery replacement is a heavy burden. Therefore, Patent Document 2 describes using solar power generation or wind power generation. However, because manholes are non-slip, the surface is uneven, and it is difficult to install solar cells, and because they become dirty immediately, solar power generation is not effective in practice. In addition, there is generally a considerable distance from the manhole cover to the position above the sewer pipe. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to place the wireless communication device and the wind power generator on the upper part of the sewer pipe, place the remaining part on the manhole cover, and connect them. However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose the connection structure of this part and the structure for attaching the sensor module to the manhole cover. Actually, when such a connection structure is realized, it is considered that the sensor module is increased in size. For this reason, it is considered difficult to install the sensor module of Patent Document 2 using the existing holes of the manhole cover as described in Patent Document 1.
Furthermore, wind power generators require a mechanical mechanism with a rotating system, but manholes such as sewers are in a poor environment with a high concentration of corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide, and mechanical devices with a rotating system operate for a long time. It is difficult to keep it in a state.
As described above, in order to grasp the situation in the manhole and take effective measures, it is necessary to arrange a large number of sensor modules in the manhole and collect data. For this reason, the sensor module is required to be easily installed and to have a low maintenance cost. The sensor module requires power supply, but for the reasons described above, it is difficult to provide wiring to supply power to the sensor module, and a battery will be placed in the sensor module. It is desirable that it can be used for a long time.
As described above, a sensor system that is easy to mount and does not require maintenance such as battery replacement for a long time has not been realized.
JP 2008-109556 A JP 2011-128791 A
According to the embodiment, a sensor system that can be installed on an existing manhole cover by a simple operation on the spot and can be used semipermanently and maintenance-free without battery replacement is provided.
The sensor module according to the first aspect includes a measurement unit, a power supply unit, and a communication unit, and is installed on a manhole cover. The power supply unit includes a thermoelectric power generation module that generates power with a temperature difference between a first heat transfer unit thermally connected to the manhole cover and a second heat transfer unit thermally connected to the heat dissipating unit in the manhole. The sensor module drives the measurement unit and the communication unit with the power generated by the thermoelectric power generation module, and transmits measurement data of the measurement unit to the outside via the communication unit.
The manhole information collection processing system according to the second aspect includes a plurality of sensor modules installed on a plurality of manhole covers, a server that collects and processes data of the plurality of sensor modules, and a wireless communication network. Each sensor module includes a thermoelectric power generation module that generates power with a temperature difference between a first heat transfer unit that is thermally connected to a manhole cover and a second heat transfer unit that is thermally connected to a heat dissipation unit in the manhole, and wireless communication Part. The wireless communication network connects a plurality of sensor modules and wireless communication units of the plurality of sensor modules to a server so as to communicate with each other.
According to the embodiment, a sensor module that can be installed on an existing manhole cover with a simple operation on the spot and can be used semi-permanently and maintenance-free without battery replacement is realized.
Furthermore, if this sensor module is used, a manhole data collection processing system can be constructed with simple operations, and the constructed manhole data collection processing system can be used semi-permanently and maintenance-free without replacing the battery of the sensor module. it can.
1A and 1B are views showing a state in which the sensor module of the first embodiment is attached to a manhole cover, where FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 1B shows a view seen from below. FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing two states of the heat radiating portion. FIG. 2A shows a state where the heat radiating fins of the heat radiating portion are wound around the heat radiating portion shaft, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a sensor module including an electronic circuit. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system that collects manhole information using the sensor module of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication form between the sensor module and the server. FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing a state in the middle of attaching the sensor module of the second embodiment to the manhole cover, where FIG. 6A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 6B shows a view seen from below. 7A and 7B are views showing a state where the sensor module of the second embodiment is attached to a manhole cover, where FIG. 7A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 7B shows a view seen from below. FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a state where the sensor module of the third embodiment is attached to a manhole cover, where FIG. 8A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 8B shows a view seen from below. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement example of the water level sensor in the manhole in the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the sensor module, and is a cross-sectional view of a state in which the modified sensor module is attached to a manhole cover. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a system in which a sensor module detects opening / closing of a manhole cover using a magnetic switch (AMR sensor), where (A) shows a state where the manhole is closed, and (B) shows (C) shows the system configuration when the manhole is opened. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation method of a system that enables detection of opening / closing of a manhole cover. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example in which an acceleration sensor is mounted on a sensor module.
1A and 1B are views showing a state in which the sensor module of the first embodiment is attached to a manhole cover, where FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 1B shows a view seen from below.
The sensor module 101 forms a screw hole in an existing hole of the manhole cover 102, and the sensor module 101 is screwed and fixed from above the manhole cover 102. Generally, the manhole cover 102 for merging type and rainwater has a plurality of holes as a path for water to spout from the manhole onto the road in order to prevent the manhole cover 102 from being lifted by water pressure when rainwater overflows in the manhole. Is provided. Further, the surface of the manhole cover 102 is uneven, and there are holes provided in the recesses. In the embodiment, the hole for attaching the sensor module 101 is preferably a hole provided in the recess 12, but there may be no problem even if the recess 12 is not provided.
As for the diameter of the hole provided in the manhole cover 102, the diameter of about 15 mm is common, for example. Therefore, a screw hole is formed in one of the plurality of holes. In the case of the manhole cover 102 already having a screw hole, it may be used. Further, when the manhole cover 102 does not have a hole provided in the recess 12, the cylindrical recess may be additionally processed. Further, when the manhole cover 102 does not have a hole suitable for mounting the sensor module 101, the screw hole and the concave portion on the upper surface may be processed together. Screw processing is a relatively simple task and can be easily performed at the place where the manhole cover is installed. (Comment: Because the formation of recesses may impair the reliability of the iron cover. Was deleted). That is, the sensor module of the embodiment can be easily attached to an existing manhole. Of course, such processing can also be performed at the manhole cover factory. Here, the description will be made assuming that the screw hole is a 20M screw.
The sensor module 101 includes a heat transfer body base portion 21, a bolt portion 22 formed on a side surface of the heat transfer body base portion 21, a through hole 23 formed in the heat transfer body base portion 21, and a heat transfer body base portion. 21, and a collar 24 formed on the upper part of 21. The upper part of the collar 24 is a counterbore hole. The bolt part 22 is an M20 male screw. When the sensor module 101 is screwed into the screw hole of the manhole cover 102, the collar 24 is screwed at a position where it contacts the surface of the manhole cover 102. As shown in FIG. 1, the height of the collar 24 is lower than the height of the recess 12 of the manhole cover 102, and it is desirable that the upper surface of the collar 24 is lower than the periphery of the manhole cover 102 in a screwed state.
An antenna 25 is provided in the counterbore hole of the collar 24, and an antenna wire 26 is provided in the through hole 23 formed in the heat transfer body base portion 21. As the antenna 25, antennas having various shapes can be used depending on the radio system. However, since the antenna 25 is installed on the manhole cover 102, the antenna 25 is preferably small, and a dielectric antenna is desirable.
The sensor module 101 further includes a first heat transfer body 32, a thermoelectric element 33, second heat transfer bodies 34 and 35, a heat radiating portion shaft 36, and a heat radiating portion 37 below the heat transfer body base portion 21. And an electronic circuit 41, a temperature / humidity sensor 42, and a water level sensor 43. The first heat transfer body 32 is in thermal contact with the heat transfer body base portion 21 and is further thermally connected to the manhole cover 102 via the bolt portion 22 on the side surface of the heat transfer body base portion 21. (Has high thermal conductivity). Here, the heat transfer body base portion 21 and the first heat transfer body 32 are collectively referred to as a first heat transfer portion. The temperature of the first heat transfer section, that is, the first heat transfer body 32 becomes a temperature approximate to the temperature of the manhole cover 102. The heat transfer base 21 and the first heat transfer 32 are preferably made of, for example, the same ductile cast iron as the manhole cover 102. However, any material having high thermal conductivity and mechanical strength such as beryllium copper may be used. It is not limited to.
The second heat transfer bodies 34 and 35, the heat radiating portion shaft 36, and the heat radiating portion 37 are thermally connected and have similar temperatures. Here, the second heat transfer members 34 and 35 are collectively referred to as a second heat transfer unit. The second heat transfer bodies 34 and 35 and the heat radiation part shaft 36 are made of, for example, ductile cast iron or beryllium copper. The heat radiating part 37 has a heat radiating fin functioning as a heat sink. For example, the sensor module 101 has a length of 100 mm and a heat radiation fin has a length of 50 mm. The heat radiating fin has two portions projecting on both sides of the heat radiating portion shaft 36, and each portion has a vertical length of 50 mm and a horizontal length of 50 mm. Therefore, when both sides are combined, the heat radiating fin has a size of 50 mm × 100 mm. One part is a shape in which a 50 μm thick graphite sheet is bonded to both surfaces of a 50 μm thick beryllium copper sheet surface, and a 10 mm wide and 50 μm thick graphite sheet is bonded to both surfaces at 10 mm intervals. Have. The heat radiating portion 37 is made of a beryllium copper sheet having elasticity, and can be wound around the heat radiating portion shaft 36. When the heat radiating portion 37 is in a free state, the heat radiating portion 37 is stretched as shown in FIG. Since the heat radiating part 37 is held in the manhole and has a large surface area, the temperature of the heat radiating part 37 is closer to the temperature in the manhole than the first heat transfer part. (Comment: The temperature of the heat radiating part is not the same as the temperature in the manhole. Actually, it is near the middle of the lid temperature and the internal temperature. For this reason, some expressions have been relaxed.) Therefore, the second heat transfer body The temperature of 34 is also close to the air temperature in the manhole as compared with the first heat transfer section.
Further, the heat radiating part 37 may be realized by combining a laminated material in which a plurality of materials are laminated, and even if it is realized by using a shape memory alloy, a plate spring or a spring spring is attached to the heat radiating fin and is extended by itself. You may make it do.
The thermoelectric element 33 generates power according to the temperature difference between the first heat transfer body 32 and the second heat transfer body 34, that is, the temperature difference between the manhole cover 102 and the air temperature in the manhole. The larger the temperature difference, the more power is generated. The electric power generated by the thermoelectric element 33 is stored in a booster circuit and a storage element provided in the electronic circuit 41 and used to drive the electronic circuit 41, the temperature / humidity sensor 42, and the water level sensor 43.
As the thermoelectric element 33, it is desirable to use a normal thermoelectric power generation element called π type in which n-type material and p-type material using a BiTe-based material having high power generation efficiency near room temperature are alternately arranged. It is a corner BiTe element. However, any thermoelectric power generation element may be used, and the present invention is not limited to this. The thermoelectric power generation element is a solid element having no mechanical elements, is not affected by dirt, and continues to generate power without deterioration of characteristics for a long time. The temperature difference between the manhole cover 102 and the air temperature in the manhole is higher and lower depending on the day and night, weather, sewage conditions, etc., and sometimes reverses, but the thermoelectric element 33 is in the direction of the temperature difference. Regardless, if there is a temperature difference, power is generated. Since the amount of power generation changes according to the temperature difference, a secondary battery is required as a buffer to temporarily store power. However, the output is stable in about a week, and the output is stable for about one week. If there is a secondary battery, the sensor module 101 can operate semipermanently.
The electronic circuit 41 has a secondary battery serving as a buffer for temporarily storing power, reads the detection data of the temperature / humidity sensor 42 and the water level sensor 43, and stores the detection data in the memory. The antenna 25 is connected to the radio circuit of the electronic circuit 41 via the antenna line 26. The electronic circuit 41 transmits the stored detection data to the outside through radio communication via the antenna line 26 and the antenna 25 as needed. The configuration of the electronic circuit 41 will be described later.
The temperature / humidity sensor 42 is a general semiconductor sensor, and detects the temperature and humidity in the manhole. The water level sensor 43 is an optical water level sensor, and includes a light emitting unit that emits a light (infrared) beam toward the water surface in the manhole, a light detection unit that detects a light beam reflected back from the water surface, and a light beam. And a calculation unit for calculating a distance from the round-trip time to the water surface.
In the first embodiment, an example in which the temperature / humidity sensor 42 and the water level sensor 43 are mounted is shown, but the mounted sensor is not limited to this, and a gas (hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc.) concentration sensor. Various sensors such as a flow rate sensor and a vibration sensor may be mounted. Some or all of these sensors may be mounted.
The portion 31 including the first heat transfer body 32, the thermoelectric element 33, the second heat transfer bodies 34 and 35, the electronic circuit 41, the temperature / humidity sensor 42, and the water level sensor 43 on the lower side of the heat transfer body base 21 is sealed resin. It is sealed with. The outer diameter of the portion 31 is smaller than the outer diameter of the base of the bolt portion 22 of the heat transfer body base 21 and passes through the screw hole of the manhole cover.
Further, the counterbore hole of the collar 24 provided with the antenna 25 and the through hole 23 provided with the antenna wire 26 are also sealed with a sealing resin.
The sealing resin is preferably a resin excellent in corrosion resistance, airtightness, and moldability, and a semiconductor molding resin is suitable. However, the thermal conductivity is preferably low, and a resin that does not contain a filler of ceramic particles is preferable. However, a filler having a low thermal conductivity such as hollow silica particles may be used. In the first embodiment, the through hole 23, the antenna 25, the antenna wire 26, the first heat transfer body 32, the thermoelectric element 33, the second heat transfer bodies 34 and 35, the electronic circuit 41, the temperature of the epoxy resin are insert-molded. The humidity sensor 42 and the water level sensor 43 were sealed with resin.
Next, a procedure for installing the sensor module 101 of the first embodiment on the manhole cover 102 will be described.
An M20 screw hole is formed in a hole having a diameter of about 15 mm formed in the recess 12 of the manhole cover 102. As described above, if there is an M20 screw hole, it may be used. If there is no recess 12 or if there is no height suitable for forming the M20 screw hole, the recess 12 and the hole are additionally formed. After that, a screw hole of M20 is formed. These operations can be performed without opening the manhole cover 102.
As described above, the heat dissipating fins of the heat dissipating portion 37 are made of a beryllium copper sheet having elasticity, and can be wound around the heat dissipating portion shaft 36.
2A and 2B are diagrams showing two states of the heat radiating portion 37. FIG. 2A shows a state where the heat radiating fins of the heat radiating portion 37 are wound around the heat radiating portion shaft 36, and FIG. Show.
When the sensor module 101 is installed on the manhole cover 102, the heat radiating fins of the heat radiating portion 37 are wound around the heat radiating portion shaft 36 as shown in FIG. At this time, the heat radiating fins are positioned inside the outer diameter of the bolt portion 22 of the heat transfer body base 21. In this state, when the heat radiating part 37 is inserted into the screw hole from the upper side of the manhole cover 102, it can be inserted as it is. When the upper part of the heat radiating part 37 comes out below the screw hole, the heat radiating fins of the heat radiating part 37 are Since it has elasticity, it expands as shown in FIG. In this way, the heat dissipating fins automatically extend when passing through the screw holes. Further, when the sensor module 101 is rotated, the bolt portion 22 is screwed into the screw hole and firmly fixed. In this way, the installation of the sensor module 101 on the manhole cover 102 is completed, and the heat radiating portion 37 has a wide heat radiating area and exhibits a high heat radiating effect.
The series of installation operations described above can be performed without opening the manhole cover 102. Therefore, the work is simple and can be completed in a short time.
Next, the electronic circuit 41 will be described.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the sensor module 101 including the electronic circuit 41.
The electronic circuit 41 includes a booster circuit 45, a power supply control unit 46, a power storage element 47, a signal processing unit 48, and a radio unit 49. The booster circuit 45 is connected to the thermoelectric element 34 and supplied with generated power. A plurality of sensors 50A, 50B, 50C... Are connected to the signal processing unit 48. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the temperature / humidity sensor 42 and the water level sensor 43 are connected as the sensors 50A and 50B, but the number of sensors connected is not limited. The antenna 25 is connected to the wireless unit 49 via the antenna line 26.
Since the generated power of the thermoelectric element 34 is as low as several mV, the booster circuit 45 boosts the generated power of the thermoelectric element 34 to several volts and supplies the boosted power to the power supply control unit 46. The power supply control unit 46 supplies the power supplied from the thermoelectric element 34 to the sensors 50A-50C, the signal processing unit 48, and the radio unit 49. However, the power supply from the thermoelectric element 34 is not stable, so that it is necessary. The power storage element 47 also has a function of storing power. Although not shown, the power control unit 46 also includes a stabilized power circuit for supplying stable power to the sensors 50A to 50C, the signal processing unit 48, and the radio unit 49.
The power storage element 47 is preferably safe, small, and has a small leakage current and a long life. For example, an all-solid-state Li thin film secondary battery is suitable. Moreover, you may implement | achieve combining a secondary battery and a capacitor.
As described above, various sensors can be used as the sensors 50A, 50B, 50C... Specifically, temperature, humidity, gas concentration (hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, etc.), water level, flow rate, It is a sensor that detects vibration and the like. Further, the sensors 50A, 50B, 50C,... May be sensors that sense pressure, light, sound, electromagnetic waves, acceleration, fine particles in the atmosphere, distance to the object, weight of the object, and the like.
The signal processing unit 48 performs A / D (Analog-to-Digital) conversion on detection signals from the sensors 50A, 50B, 50C... And temporarily stores them in the memory as detection data. The signal processing unit 48 also has system-wide control functions such as sensing and wireless transmission / reception timing control, and transmits detection data stored in the memory from the antenna 25 to the outside by wireless communication. Further, the signal processing unit 48 may perform predetermined calculations using various information sensed by 50A, 50B, 50C,... And transmit the calculated secondary information to the outside.
The wireless unit 49 may have a function of wirelessly transmitting detection data and receiving an external signal as necessary. As a wireless system, specific low power wireless, ZigBee, Bluetooth (registered trademark), Wi-Fi, 3G, LTE, or the like can be used as necessary. Further, a plurality of wireless systems may be supported. In the first embodiment, the transmission frequency is 2.4 GHz and the transmission output is 20 mW. Furthermore, instead of the wireless unit 49, a communication terminal for wired communication can be provided.
The antenna 25 can be used in various ways depending on the radio system, but since it is installed on the manhole cover 102, it is preferably small and a dielectric antenna is suitable. In the first embodiment, the dielectric antenna is compatible with 2.4 GHz.
Next, the sensor module 101 of the first embodiment is installed on a plurality of manhole covers, and the server collects detection data of the plurality of sensor modules 101 installed on the plurality of manhole covers via a wireless line. The system will be described.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system that collects manhole information using the sensor module 101 of the first embodiment.
This system includes a plurality of sensor modules 101A to 101D installed in a plurality of manhole covers 102A to 102D, a network 103, and a server 104. Here, an example having four sensor modules 101A to 101D in the illustrated relationship is shown, but in actuality, the sensor module has a very large number of sensor modules.
The sensor modules 101A to 101D are installed on the manhole covers 102A to 102D as shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the sensor modules 101 </ b> A to 101 </ b> D and the network 103 are connected by a solid line, but actually, each sensor module 101 </ b> A to 101 </ b> D receives detection data from a receiver (base station) connected to the network 103. Wirelessly transmit to. The server 104 collects detection data transmitted via the network 103. The detection data from each of the sensor modules 101A to 101D may be transmitted periodically or in response to a request from the server 104. When the detection data is periodically transmitted, the signal processing unit 48 of the sensor modules 101A to 101D has a timer, and transmits the detection data when detecting that a certain time has passed. When transmitting detection data in response to a request from the server 104, the wireless unit 49 of the sensor modules 101A to 101D needs to have a reception function.
For example, the sensor modules 101A to 101D are set to measure the temperature and humidity and the water level every hour or every day and transmit wirelessly, and the detection data is received by a receiver installed about 10m away from the manhole. Receive. The receiver transmits the received detection data to the server 104 in the remote monitoring room via the existing network 103 with a 3G line. As a result, the detection data can be monitored in the monitoring room.
Various forms of communication between the sensor module 101 and the server 104 are conceivable, and it is considered that various forms are possible in the future in accordance with the development of communication infrastructure and the progress of equipment. Here are some examples of mobile phones that are currently considered.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication form between the sensor module 101 and the server 104.
FIG. 5A shows a mode in which direct communication is performed between the sensor module installed on the manhole cover 102 and the base station 105 of the existing network by a communication method such as 3G or LTE.
FIG. 5B shows a sensor module installed on the manhole cover 102 in a Bluetooth (registered trademark) system using a dedicated device 106 by going to the place of the manhole cover 102 where an operator wants to collect detection data. Request detection data. The sensor module transmits detection data in response to a request, and the dedicated device 106 receives and stores the detection data. When the reception of the detection data by the dedicated device 106 is completed, the worker transmits the detection data stored as appropriate to the base station 105 by a communication method such as 3G or LTE.
As a method for collecting the detection data stored in the sensor module in the form of (B) in FIG. 5, a measurement vehicle running on a road may be used. In this case, when the measurement vehicle having the dedicated device 106 mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body passes through the manhole cover 102, the sensor module is requested for detection data. The sensor module transmits detection data in response to a request, and the in-vehicle dedicated device 106 collects the detection data. At this time, it is desirable that the dedicated device 106 stores the detection data in association with the position information of the vehicle by GPS. The detection data collected by the dedicated device 106 is transmitted to the server. The server can display the data collected on the map by combining the position information of the vehicle by GPS and the collected detection data. When the sensor module has an ID number corresponding to the manhole cover 102, the position information of the vehicle by GPS may not be present.
Even if the measurement vehicle is not a special vehicle, for example, a garbage truck operated by a local government can be used.
FIG. 5C shows a mode in which a relay receiver 108 is provided between the sensor module installed in the manhole cover 102 and the base station 105 of the existing network. The receiver 108 is installed on a utility pole 107 installed in the vicinity of the manhole cover 102. Communication between the sensor module and the receiver 108 is performed by a method such as ZigBee, and communication between the receiver 108 and the base station 105 is performed by a communication method such as 3G or LTE.
In FIG. 5D, the worker goes to the manhole cover 102 where the worker wants to collect the detection data, connects the dedicated device 109 having USB or the like to the communication terminal of the sensor module installed on the manhole cover 102, and detects Read and store data. Therefore, the sensor module does not need to have an antenna, and has a wired communication unit instead of the wireless unit. The worker connects the dedicated device 109 to the communication terminal of the computer system forming the server 104, and the server 104 reads the detection data stored in the dedicated device 109.
As described above, various types of communication are conceivable and are not limited to the example shown in FIG.
The sensor module according to the first embodiment and the manhole information collection system using the sensor module have been described above. However, various modifications may be made to the structure of the sensor module, the system configuration, and the like.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing a state in the middle of attaching the sensor module of the second embodiment to the manhole cover, where FIG. 6A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 6B shows a view seen from below.
7A and 7B are views showing a state where the sensor module of the second embodiment is attached to a manhole cover, where FIG. 7A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 7B shows a view seen from below.
Unlike the first embodiment, the sensor module 101 of the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that a cylindrical protective member 38 made of a hard material is provided at the tip of the heat radiating fin of the heat radiating portion 37. is there.
When the sensor module 101 according to the first embodiment is inserted into the screw hole of the manhole cover 102, the heat radiating fin is inserted around the heat radiating portion shaft 36. Since the radiating fin has elasticity, an extension force is applied, and the radiating fin is pressed against the screw thread of the screw hole. In this state, when the sensor module 101 is pushed into the screw hole, the radiation fin is a thin sheet, the surface is easily damaged, and in the worst case, it is considered that a part is torn.
Therefore, in the sensor module 101 of the second embodiment, the protection member 38 is provided at the tip of the heat radiation fin of the heat radiation portion 37. As shown in FIG. 6A, in the state in which the radiating fin is inserted into the screw hole, the protection member 38 is pressed against the screw thread of the screw hole, and the radiating fin does not contact the screw thread. The fins will not be damaged. The protection member 38 is made of a hard material, and will not be damaged even if it is pushed in a state where it is pressed against the screw thread.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a state where the sensor module of the third embodiment is attached to a manhole cover, where FIG. 8A shows a cross-sectional view and FIG. 8B shows a view seen from below.
The sensor module 101 of the third embodiment is different in the shape and arrangement of the thermoelectric element 33 and the first and second heat transfer bodies, the shape of the heat dissipating fins of the heat dissipating part 37 and the form of the water level sensor, and the other parts are the first embodiment. The structure is almost the same as that of the sensor module.
In the third embodiment, the second heat transfer body is an aluminum center shaft 34P, and the heat radiating portion shaft is a support column 36Q made of beryllium copper and having a diameter of 5 mm, and is attached to the center shaft 34P via the attachment portion 36P. The radiating fin has a structure in which eight laminated sheets 37P of a beryllium copper sheet and a graphite sheet having a thickness of 50 μm are attached to the support column 36Q, and is inserted into the screw hole of the manhole cover while being closed with respect to the central axis 34P. It is structured to open with the elasticity of the sheet after insertion.
The water level sensor 43P is a water pressure detection type sensor and is connected to the electronic circuit 41 by a cable 44. Therefore, in the installed state, the water level sensor 43P is arranged at a lower position in the vertical direction by the length of the cable 44 from the electronic circuit 41. By setting the length of the cable 44, the water level sensor 43P can be arranged at a desired position in the manhole.
Although not shown in FIG. 8, the sensor module 101 of the third embodiment includes a MEMS type acceleration sensor in addition to the water level sensor, and vibrates the sensor module 101, that is, the vibration of the manhole cover 102 attached integrally. To detect.
The wireless unit in the sensor module 101 of the third embodiment transmits to a relay station connected to an existing network using a 300 MHz band specific low power wireless. The distance from the communicable sensor module 101 to the relay station is about 10 m.
In the system as shown in FIG. 4 using the sensor module 101 of the third embodiment, each sensor module 101 measures the water level every three hours and wirelessly transmits it. In addition, the command from the repeater is received at the timing of transmission, so that it is possible to transmit more detailed data by shortening the measurement and transmission interval to about every 10 minutes in response to the command from the repeater during heavy rain. It has become. Further, when the acceleration sensor detects abnormal acceleration (vibration) such as a manhole cover being opened or broken, the acceleration sensor immediately wirelessly transmits the detected acceleration data. A system for detecting opening and closing of the manhole cover will be described later.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement example of the water level sensor 43P in the manhole in the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, the manhole is formed of a vertical wall 61, a bottom 63, a receiving portion 72 provided on the vertical wall 61, and a manhole cover 102 fitted to the receiving portion 72. A sewage ditch 63 is formed in the bottom 63, and sewage flows only to the sewage ditch 63 at normal times, and rain water on the ground flows into the manhole during heavy rain, and the water level rises. This type of manhole is called a confluence and is currently used in many municipalities. Since the structure of the manhole in which the sensor module is disposed is known in advance, information on the manhole structure, for example, the height from the sewer 63 to the manhole cover 102 can be obtained.
FIG. 9A shows a case where the water level sensor 43P is disposed in the manhole sewage groove 64 through which sewage normally flows. The length of the cable 44 is set so that the water level sensor 43P is positioned in the sewer groove 64. Thereby, the flow of the sewage at the normal time can be detected. For example, the sensor module 101 periodically acquires the water level data in the sewer channel 64 such as once a day, and transmits it to the server via the network. The server can collect water level data from a large number of sensor modules 101 and grasp the flow of sewage in the sewer network.
FIG. 9B shows a case where the water level sensor 43P is arranged at a position corresponding to the dangerous water level of the manhole. As described above, in the confluence type manhole, rain water on the ground flows into the manhole during heavy rain, and the water level rises. The municipality that manages the sewerage system determines whether there is a risk of water discharge based on the rainfall conditions, and issues warnings, warnings, and evacuation orders as necessary. In this case, if it is possible to know whether or not the water level in the manhole has exceeded a predetermined water level in addition to the rainfall situation, the situation can be determined more accurately.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, the dangerous water level of the manhole is set, and the receptacle 65 of the water level sensor 43P is fixed at the dangerous water level. And after installing the sensor module 101 in the manhole cover 102, the manhole cover 102 is opened, and after placing the water level sensor 43P on the receiving device 65, the manhole cover 102 is closed. In this case, the cable 44 has a margin so that the water level sensor 43P can be placed on the receiver 65 even when the manhole cover 102 is opened. It should be noted that the length of the cable 44 can be maintained at a height corresponding to the dangerous water level without providing the receiver 65, but in this case, the water level sensor 43P is held in the air. Therefore, there is a problem that it is unstable.
When the water level sensor 43P itself is submerged, the detection signal is turned on. When the sensor module 101 detects that the detection signal of the water level sensor 43P is turned on, the sensor module 101 transmits the inundation information of the water level sensor 43P to the server via the network. Thereby, in the monitoring room with a server, it can be grasped whether each manhole exceeded the dangerous water level, and the judgment of water discharge can be performed more appropriately.
For example, the water level and flow rate of sewers are currently measured only at a dozen or so pump stations in Tokyo. A large number of manhole covers 102 are currently installed, and by installing a water level sensor / flow rate sensor in the sensor module 101 installed in the manhole cover 102, a system that can obtain more detailed information on sewer flow can be easily obtained. Can be built. As described above, the water level and the flow rate measured by the sensor module 101 are measured once a day or once an hour, and the data is collected on a data center server through a 3G line or a PHS line. . The water level and flow rate data may be transmitted at the same time as the measurement, or may be transmitted after accumulating data for one day or one week in order to reduce power consumption.
As described above, in many local governments, rainwater flows into the sewer (confluence type), and the sewer flow prediction is strongly linked to the rainfall data. Therefore, by collecting the detection data measured by the sensor module 101 and performing analysis by combining the data of the Japan Meteorological Agency, it can be used for, for example, forecasting flooding of rivers into which sewage flows and providing warning / alarm information. If a relational model between meteorological phenomena and sewer flow rate is established from the analysis result, the flow rate of sewerage in each region may be predicted from the data of the Japan Meteorological Agency, and prediction data may be provided and distributed. Since the flow rate of sewerage varies from year to year according to the housing construction, living conditions, and land development conditions, this information processing system that can continuously update data is useful.
During urban guerrilla heavy rain, it is necessary to measure the water level and disseminate information in minutes to ensure the safety of sewer workers and prevent flooding of the sewer. In this case, information is collected only for the sensor modules 101 provided on a small number of manhole covers 102 having relatively low elevations. It is preferable that the power storage element 47 of the sensor module 101 for measuring the water level is sufficiently charged in advance. The signal processing unit 48 sequentially transmits data to the server 104 through the wireless unit 49, the 3G line, or the PHS line. The server 104 can alert the received information to smartphones and tablets of workers and residents near the flood. In this case, a mode in which the measurement vehicle is parked on a specific manhole cover and data is collected in a server provided in the vehicle by short-range wireless communication is also conceivable.
The system for detecting the water level of the sewer using the sensor module 101 of the third embodiment described above can also be realized by using the sensor module 101 of the first and second embodiments.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the sensor module, and is a cross-sectional view of a state in which the modified sensor module is attached to a manhole cover.
In this modification, the heat radiating portion 37 does not have a heat radiating fin, and has a structure in which a heat radiating bar 39 extends from the second heat transfer body 35 to a space in the manhole.
In the first to third embodiments, the heat dissipating fins of the heat dissipating part 37 have elasticity, and the heat dissipating fins can be wound around the heat dissipating part shaft, and the heat dissipating fins are stretched in a free state. Thereby, the surface area of the thermal radiation part 37 increases and the function as a heat sink improves. However, even if the heat radiating part 37 is a bar 39 as shown in FIG. 10, if the temperature difference between the first heat transfer body and the second heat transfer body is sufficient for the thermoelectric element 33 to generate power, There is no particular problem, and it is not necessary to have a complicated structure having heat-radiating fins that expand and contract.
Various applications are possible by selecting a type of sensor mounted on the sensor module of the embodiment and constructing a system. Hereinafter, an example of such an application will be described.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a system in which a sensor module detects opening / closing of a manhole cover using a magnetic switch (AMR sensor), where (A) shows a state where the manhole is closed, and (B) shows (C) shows the system configuration when the manhole is opened.
As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the magnet 81 is fixed to the manhole frame 72, the magnetic switch (AMR sensor) 82 is fixed to the manhole cover 102, and the sensor module receives the detection signal of the magnetic switch 82. read. The magnet 81 and the magnetic switch 82 are disposed so as to oppose each other in a state where the manhole cover 102 is closed, and to be separated in a state where the manhole cover 102 is opened, so that a detection signal of the magnetic switch 82 closes the manhole cover 102. It changes so that it is open and open. Thereby, opening / closing of the manhole cover 102 can be detected. Connection between the sensor module and the magnetic switch 82 is performed by arranging a signal line on the manhole cover 102, for example. In this case, the magnet 81, the magnetic switch 82, and the signal line need to be arranged with the manhole cover 102 opened.
By making it possible to detect the opening and closing of the manhole cover, the detected data can be used for (1) prevention of terrorism and crime, (2) proof of inspection work execution, and the like.
As shown in FIG. 11C, in addition to a plurality of sensor modules and servers 104, the network 103 includes a police, a security company, and an inspection work in addition to a work terminal carried by an operator who performs the inspection work. An external company terminal is connected. The worker accesses the server using the work terminal and obtains information for specifying the manhole to be inspected.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation method of a system that enables detection of opening / closing of a manhole cover.
In step S11, the sensor module 101 detects from the detection signal of the magnetic switch 82 that the manhole cover 102 has been opened.
In step S12, the sensor module 101 transmits information that the manhole cover 102 has been opened together with an ID number for specifying the manhole to the server via the network.
In step S13, the server determines whether the corresponding manhole cover corresponds to the manhole to be inspected. If it corresponds, the process proceeds to step S14, and if not, the process proceeds to step S15.
In step S14, the execution of the work is notified to the relevant department of the local government and the construction contractor who ordered the inspection work. Thereby, it can be estimated that the inspection work was performed. If the manhole cover cannot be opened within a predetermined period, it can be estimated that no inspection work has been performed. It is desirable to monitor whether the manhole cover is closed when the manhole cover is opened. For example, when it is detected that the manhole cover is open for several times the estimated time required for inspection, it is estimated that the operator has forgotten to close the manhole cover. Such a situation is dangerous on road traffic, and it is desirable to request a status check from the work terminal via the network.
In step S15, the police or security company is notified that a manhole cover that is not scheduled for inspection work has been opened.
11 and 12, the magnetic switch (AMR sensor) is used to detect the opening / closing of the manhole cover. However, the opening / closing of the manhole cover can be detected using other sensors.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example in which the acceleration sensor 84 is mounted on the sensor module 101.
When the vehicle travels on the manhole cover 102, the manhole cover 102 vibrates, and the acceleration sensor 84 detects the vibration of the manhole cover 102. However, this vibration is a vibration with a small amplitude, and does not show movement over a predetermined distance. On the other hand, when the manhole is opened / closed, the detection signal of the acceleration sensor 84 indicates a movement of a predetermined distance or more, and by detecting this, the opening / closing of the manhole can be detected.
By using the sensor module 101 equipped with an acceleration sensor (or vibration sensor), it is also possible to detect the number and types of vehicles passing over the manhole cover 102. Thereby, for example, traffic jam information can be obtained even on narrow roads and alleys that are not measured by the N system or VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System).
In addition, a data set in which the sensor detection data and the vehicle type (light, normal, truck, etc.) are associated with each other is stored in advance in a memory, and the vehicle type information determined from the sensor detection data and the data set is stored in advance. Is transmitted to the server 104. Analyzing the difference in the flow of cars in the city depending on the type of car leads to urban road control and evaluation, such as planning to guide a specific vehicle to a specific road.
In addition, as a sensor in this case, an acoustic sensor such as a microphone or a magnetic sensor disposed above the sensor module can be used.
When the sensor module has a sensor that detects temperature, humidity, and vibration (acceleration), the degree of deterioration of the concrete portion of each manhole and the manhole cover can be estimated from the detected data. When the temperature and humidity are high, the change is large, and the vibration is large (maximum value, frequency), the concrete part of the manhole and the manhole cover are likely to deteriorate. From now on, if a repair plan for a concrete part of a manhole or a replacement plan for a manhole cover is created, a plan with higher accuracy can be made.
In addition, it is known that hydrogen sulfide generated in sewers deteriorates manholes rapidly. The generation of hydrogen sulfide is also a cause of complaints for neighboring residents. By installing a hydrogen sulfide gas sensor in the sensor module, the accuracy of manhole deterioration prediction can be improved, and residents' complaints can be handled quickly.
In the embodiments and application examples described above, the case where the server is a dedicated device has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and these may be general-purpose computers, and a program for executing the operation performed by the server 104 may be installed in the computer so that the same operation is performed. In this case, the program may be supplied on a recording medium such as a CD or DVD, or may be downloaded from a network.
The embodiment has been described above, but all examples and conditions described herein are described for the purpose of helping understanding of the concept of the invention applied to the invention and technology. In particular, the examples and conditions described are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the construction of such examples in the specification does not indicate the advantages and disadvantages of the invention. Although embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Manhole cover 21 Heat-transfer body base part 22 Bolt part 25 Antenna 32 1st heat transfer body 33 Thermoelectric element 24, 35 2nd heat transfer body 36 Radiation part axis | shaft 37 Radiation part 41 Electronic circuit 42 Temperature / humidity sensor 43 Water level sensor 45 Booster circuit 46 Power supply control unit 47 Power storage element 48 Signal processing unit 49 Wireless unit 101 Sensor module 102 Manhole cover 103 Network 104 Server
A bolt part for screwing into a through-hole penetrating the manhole cover;
A storage part disposed at the tip of the bolt part and having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt part and storing at least a part of the measurement part , the power supply part and the communication part;
The power supply unit includes a thermoelectric power generation module that generates power with a temperature difference between a first heat transfer unit thermally connected to the manhole cover and a second heat transfer unit thermally connected to a heat dissipation unit in the manhole. ,
A sensor module, wherein the measurement unit and the communication unit are driven by electric power generated by the thermoelectric power generation module, and measurement data of the measurement unit is transmitted to the outside through the communication unit.
The sensor module according to claim 1, further comprising: a bolt portion that is formed in the first heat transfer portion and is screwed to the screw hole of the manhole cover.
The sensor module according to claim 2, wherein at least a part of the main body portion including the second heat transfer portion has a shape that can be inserted into the manhole from outside the manhole through the screw hole.
The sensor module according to claim 3, wherein the second heat transfer unit includes a fin that is deformed into a shape that allows the screw hole to pass therethrough and that extends after passing through the screw hole.
The sensor module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the measurement unit detects at least one of temperature, humidity, gas concentration, water level, sewage flow rate, and vibration.
The measurement unit includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a gas concentration sensor, a water level sensor, a sewage flow rate sensor, and a vibration sensor in a form that can be inserted into the manhole from outside the manhole through the screw hole. The sensor module according to any one of 2 to 4.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the measurement unit receives a detection signal from at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a gas concentration sensor, a water level sensor, a sewage flow rate sensor, and a vibration sensor disposed in the manhole. 2. The sensor module according to item 1.
The sensor module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an electronic circuit that processes a detection signal of the measurement unit and performs processing of transmitting data of the detection signal from the communication unit.
The sensor module according to claim 8, wherein the communication unit includes an antenna located above the screw hole, and a signal line provided between the antenna and the electronic circuit.
The sensor module according to claim 8, wherein the communication unit includes an external terminal located above the screw hole, and a signal line provided between the external terminal and the electronic circuit.
A storage part that is disposed at the tip of the bolt part and has an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt part, and that houses at least a part of a measurement part, a power supply part having a thermoelectric power generation module that generates power by a temperature difference, and a communication part; A sensor module fixing method comprising:
In the through hole of the manhole cover, a screw hole is formed by threading from the surface of the manhole cover,
Method of fixing the sensor module, characterized in that the threaded portion of the sensor module is fixed screwed into the screw hole.
A storage portion disposed at a tip of the bolt portion and having an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt portion and storing at least a part of the measurement portion, the power source portion, and the communication portion.
The power supply unit includes a thermoelectric power generation module that generates power with a temperature difference between a first heat transfer unit thermally connected to the manhole cover and a second heat transfer unit thermally connected to a heat dissipation unit in the manhole. A plurality of sensor modules;
A server for collecting and processing data of the plurality of sensor modules;
A manhole information collection processing system comprising: a wireless communication network that communicatively connects the wireless communication units of the plurality of sensor modules to the server.
The manhole data collection processing system according to claim 12, wherein each sensor module includes a bolt portion that is formed in the first heat transfer portion and is screwed to the screw hole of the manhole cover.
The power supply unit includes a thermoelectric power generation module that generates power with a temperature difference between a first heat transfer unit thermally connected to the manhole cover and a second heat transfer unit thermally connected to a heat dissipation unit in the manhole. A manhole information collection method for collecting measurement data of a plurality of sensor modules,
A portable terminal having a communication function is connected to the communication unit of the plurality of sensor modules,
The portable terminal reads and stores the measurement data of the plurality of sensor modules,
A manhole information collection processing method comprising: transmitting measurement data of the plurality of sensor modules stored in the portable terminal to a server.
The communication unit of the sensor module is a wireless communication unit,
The manhole information collection processing method according to claim 14, wherein the portable terminal collects measurement data by wireless communication from the communication unit of the sensor module.
The communication unit of the sensor module has an external communication terminal,
The manhole information collection processing method according to claim 14, wherein measurement data is collected by connecting a communication terminal of the portable terminal to the external communication terminal of the communication unit of the sensor module.
A measurement unit, a power supply unit, and a communication unit;
Installed on the manhole cover,
A bolt portion is formed in the first heat transfer portion, and screwed to the screw hole of the manhole cover.
At least a part of the main body portion including the second heat transfer portion has a shape that can be inserted into the manhole from outside the manhole through the screw hole,
The second heat transfer portion includes a fin that is deformed into a shape that allows the screw hole to pass therethrough and that extends after passing through the screw hole.
JP2016542483A 2014-08-13 2014-08-13 Sensor module and manhole information collection processing system Active JP6350665B2 (en)
PCT/JP2014/071411 WO2016024352A1 (en) 2014-08-13 2014-08-13 Sensor module and manhole information collection/processing system
JPWO2016024352A1 JPWO2016024352A1 (en) 2017-06-15
JP6350665B2 true JP6350665B2 (en) 2018-07-04
ID=55303995
JP2016542483A Active JP6350665B2 (en) 2014-08-13 2014-08-13 Sensor module and manhole information collection processing system
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