Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/DE102011013141A1/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-19 00:29:36
Document Index: 362109550

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 9', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'arts 3', 'art 3', 'art 4', 'art 3', 'art 4']

DE102011013141A1 - Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102011013141A1
DE102011013141A1 DE201110013141 DE102011013141A DE102011013141A1 DE 102011013141 A1 DE102011013141 A1 DE 102011013141A1 DE 201110013141 DE201110013141 DE 201110013141 DE 102011013141 A DE102011013141 A DE 102011013141A DE 102011013141 A1 DE102011013141 A1 DE 102011013141A1
DE201110013141
Gerhard Berr
Sascha-Oliver Boczek
Rainer Scharp
2011-03-04 Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
2011-03-04 Priority to DE201110013141 priority Critical patent/DE102011013141A1/en
2012-09-06 Publication of DE102011013141A1 publication Critical patent/DE102011013141A1/en
B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
B21K1/185—Making machine elements pistons or plungers with cooling channels
F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
F02F2200/04—Forging of engine parts
F02F2200/06—Casting
F05C2253/24—Heat treatment
Y10T29/49252—Multi-element piston making
Y10T29/49254—Utilizing a high energy beam, e.g., laser, electron beam
Y10T29/49261—Piston making with assembly or composite article making by composite casting or molding
Y10T29/49265—Ring groove forming or finishing
A method is proposed for producing a piston (1) made of steel for an internal combustion engine, in which the piston upper part (3) by forging and the piston lower part (4) are produced by forging or casting and then welded together. To simplify and reduce the cost of the manufacturing process, the upper piston part is forged by means of the hot forming and cold-calibrating method to the extent that further processing of the combustion bowl and the upper cooling channel region can be dispensed with.
The invention relates to a method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
It is generally known from the prior art to produce steel pistons for an internal combustion engine by first producing a piston top part in the forging process and a piston bottom part by forging or by casting, and then welding the piston top part to the piston bottom part. Please refer to the patent documents DE 195 01 416 A1 . DE-OS 29 19 638 . DE 196 03 589 A1 and DE 198 46 152 A1 , Here, the method of hot forming, that is, hot forging at a steel temperature of 950 ° C to 1300 ° C is applied.
In this case, an uncontrollable oxide layer is formed on the surface of the forging blank, the surface of the forging blank must be blasted with coarse blasting material for its removal. This results in large variations in the forging contour, so that as a result of a costly reworking of the forging blank is required by means of a machining process.
Object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular, a costly reworking of the combustion bowl and the cooling channel to be avoided.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method with which pistons with non-rotationally symmetric or not centric trained combustion bowl and cooling channels can be produced in a cost effective manner.
Ultimately, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method, whereby pistons can be produced, in which the wall between the edge of the combustion bowl and the upper part of the cooling channel has a constant thickness over the circumference.
These objects are achieved with the features in the characteristics of the main claim and the dependent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
In this case, it is achieved by cold-calibrating or cold-forming the forging blank that the combustion trough and the cooling channel are completed.
Some embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Show it
1 a sectional view of a piston produced by the method according to the invention in a plane perpendicular to the pin bore axis cutting plane,
2 a section through the piston in a cutting plane lying on the pin bore axis,
3 a section through the piston upper part after the warm forging,
4 a section through the upper piston part after over-turning of the outer contour and the frictional welding intended bearing areas,
5 the top view of an embodiment of the piston upper part with an asymmetrically formed and eccentrically arranged combustion bowl,
6 a section through the piston upper part along the line VI-VI in 5 .
7 the upper piston part and the lower piston part before joining by means of friction welding,
8th a plan view of a further embodiment of the piston upper part with an asymmetrically formed and eccentrically arranged combustion recess and with a valve niche and
9 a section through the piston upper part along the line IX-IX in 8th ,
1 shows an embodiment of a piston produced by the method according to the invention 1 in section perpendicular to the pin axis 2 consisting of a piston upper part 3 and a piston bottom 4 that has a friction weld 5 connected to each other.
The piston 1 has a piston bottom 6 into, into a combustion chamber 7 is formed. Radial outside is at the piston bottom 6 a downwardly directed ring wall 8th with a ring part 9 formed for not shown in the figure piston rings. Radial inside the ring wall 8th points the piston 1 one at the bottom of the piston crown 6 molded, annular support 10 on.
The piston lower part 4 consists of two opposite shaft elements 11 and 12 , which have two opposite pin bosses 13 and 14 each with a bolt hole 15 and 16 connected to each other. In 1 are because of the location of the cutting plane only the pin hub 13 with the bolt hole 15 to see.
On top of the piston base 4 is an annular and with the bolt hubs 13 . 14 linked edition 17 arranged. Furthermore, the piston lower part 4 on its upper side a circumferential, radially outside the support 17 arranged and with the shaft elements 11 . 12 connected ring rib 18 on. Between the edition 17 and the ring rib 18 a radially aligned ring element extends 19 ,
Here are the support 10 and the edition 17 arranged so that the bottom of the support 10 and the top of the pad 17 Contact each other and have a first contact area 20 form. Furthermore, the ring wall 8th and the ring rib 18 arranged so that the lower end face of the ring wall 8th and the top of the ring rib 18 also have contact with each other and a second edition area 21 form. The first and the second edition area 20 and 21 form during the production of the piston 1 Reibschweißflächen.
This results in that a close to the piston crown 6 , radially outwardly disposed, circumferential cooling channel 22 from the top of the piston 6 , radially inward partly from the piston crown 6 , partly from the support 10 and partly from the edition 17 , below of the ring element 19 and radially outside partly of the annular wall 8th and partly from the ring rib 18 is limited. The cooling channel 22 has an inlet opening for introducing cooling oil and a drain opening for discharging cooling oil, which are not shown in the figures.
In 2 is the piston 1 in section along the pin bore axis 2 shown. You can see here the two pin bosses 14 . 15 with the attached pad 17 and that with the edition 17 or the pin bosses 13 . 14 connected ring element 19 ,
The piston is made 1 made of AFP steel, that is, precipitation-hardened, ferritic-pearlitic steel, such as 38MnVS6 case hardening steel. Any other suitable steel such as 42CrMo4 tempered steel may also be used. In this case, the preparation of the piston lower part takes place 4 in a conventional manner by casting or hot forging.
The piston upper part 3 is made by the process of hot forming. This is a piece of AFP steel, which is for the die of the piston upper part 3 provided drop forging machine is suitably shaped, heated to 1200 ° C to 1300 ° C and then formed or preformed in several forming stages, that is, forging operations in the same drop forging machine. The scale formed during forging is removed by means of blasting.
Subsequently, the finished forged blank is cold-calibrated at room temperature, to reach the final dimensions all surfaces of the piston top 3 be pressed at room temperature.
Alternatively, the preformed top blank may also be brought to its final shape by cold working at room temperature. It is advantageous in this case if, before blasting, an annealing process is carried out in order to reduce the tendency to crack during cold forming.
In addition, other processes such as cold forming, hot forging, or milling may be used to make the preform. Thus, the preform can also be produced by a fine casting process. To avoid scaling, the latter method should be used under a protective gas atmosphere.
The thus resulting blank of the piston upper part 3 is in 3 shown. Here are the combustion bowl 7 , the upper cooling channel area and the inner dome area 29 already finished, so that no further processing steps are required in these areas. In this case, it is also achieved that the wall thickness between the bowl rim and the upper cooling channel region is almost constant over the circumference. The piston upper part 3 how it looks after finishing is in 3 dashed lines.
In the following process step, the radially outer region 23 of the piston crown 6 for the ring game 9 provided radially outer region 24 of the piston top 3 , the lower end face 25 the ring wall 8th , the lower area 26 the inner surface 27 the ring wall 8th and the bearing surface 28 the support 10 machined by turning, so that the piston upper part 3 as it is in 4 is shown results. The lower area of the cooling channel 22 , the lower end face 25 the ring wall 8th and the bearing surface 28 the support 10 are finished after this latter process step. Again, the piston upper part 3 , as it looks after finishing, dashed lines.
The manufacturing process of hot forming in combination with cold calibration or cold forming in particular allows piston top parts 3 ' with combustion recesses 7 ' which, as it is in the 5 and 6 is shown asymmetrically formed and arranged eccentrically. Again, there is no further processing of the combustion bowl 7 ' more necessary if the process of hot forming and cold calibration or cold forming of the piston top 3 ' is completed.
In the present embodiment according to 5 and 6 has the combustion bowl 7 ' approximately the shape of a four-leaf clover. Can be implemented with the method of hot forming in combination with cold calibration or cold forming but any form of a combustion recess.
The 8th and 9 show the piston top prepared in this way according to 5 and 6 , being in the piston bottom 6 of the piston top 3 '' in addition a valve niche 30 is formed.
The piston upper part 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' according to the 4 . 5 . 6 . 8th . 9 becomes together with the piston lower part 4 clamped in a (not shown in the figure) Reibschweißvorrichtung and, as in 7 shown, positioned in relation to each other to rotate, with force moved towards each other and contact of the piston upper part 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' with the piston lower part 4 in the area of the support areas 20 and 21 to be friction welded together. If the combustion bowl 7 ' is designed asymmetrically or eccentrically, it has to be ensured during friction welding that after completion of the welding process, the combustion bowl 7 ' for example, with respect to the pin axis 2 a clearly defined rotational position occupies.
This results in the in the 1 and 2 illustrated piston 1 ,
As part of the final process step, the grooves of the ring section 9 screwed into the piston outer wall and the piston crown 6 Flipped as it is in the
3 and 4 is indicated. In addition, the piston fine contour and the hub bores are introduced.
3, 3 ', 3' '
combustion bowl
outer area of the piston crown 6
outer region of the piston upper part
lower end face of the ring wall 8th
lower area of the inner surface 27 the ring wall 8th
Inner surface of the ring wall 8th
Support surface of the support 10
inner cathedral area
valve niche
DE 19501416 A1 [0002]
DE 2919638 [0002]
DE 19603589 A1 [0002]
DE 19846152 A1 [0002]
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ,) for an internal combustion engine, comprising the following method steps: - producing a piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) made of steel in the forging process, which has a piston head ( 6 ) with a combustion recess ( 7 . 7 ' ), a radially outwardly formed on the piston head, downwardly directed annular wall ( 8th ) and a radially inside the annular wall ( 8th ), to the underside of the piston crown ( 6 ) integrally formed, annular support ( 10 ), wherein between the annular wall ( 8th ) and the support ( 10 ) the upper part of a cooling channel ( 22 ), - producing a piston lower part ( 4 ) made of steel in the forging or casting process, the two opposing shank elements ( 11 . 12 ), which have two opposite pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ), one on top of the piston lower part ( 4 ) arranged annular and with the pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ) associated edition ( 17 ) and a circumferential, radially outside the support ( 17 ) and with the shaft elements ( 11 . 12 ) connected annular rib ( 18 ), wherein between the support ( 17 ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) the lower part of the cooling channel ( 22 ), - Welding of the upper piston part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) with the piston lower part ( 4 ) via contacting contact surfaces on the one hand, the annular wall ( 8th ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) and on the other hand the support ( 10 ) and the edition ( 17 ), whereby the piston top ( 3 ) and the piston lower part ( 4 ) formed cooling channel ( 22 ), - finishing of the piston ( 1 ) by means of a machining production method, characterized in that - for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) a piston top blank is forged by means of the hot forming process at 1200 ° C to 1300 ° C, after which the piston top blank is cold calibrated, after which the combustion bowl ( 7 . 7 ' ) and / or the upper part of the cooling channel ( 22 ) undergoes no further processing, and according to which the radially outer region ( 23 ) of the piston crown ( 6 ), the radially outer portion of the annular wall ( 8th ), the lower area ( 26 ) of the inner surface ( 27 ) of the annular wall ( 8th ) and the bearing surface ( 28 ) the support of the piston upper part blank for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) are finished.
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ) for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) with a constant thickness of the area of the piston crown ( 6 ) between the trough edge of the combustion trough ( 7 . 7 ' ) and the cooling channel ( 22 ) is forged.
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ) for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the piston upper part ( 3 ' . 3 '' ) an asymmetrically formed and eccentrically arranged combustion recess ( 7 ' ) is formed.
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ) for an internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the piston upper part ( 3 '' ) at least one valve niche ( 30 ) is formed.
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ,) for an internal combustion engine, comprising the following method steps: - producing a piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) made of steel in the forging process, which has a piston head ( 6 ) with a combustion recess ( 7 . 7 ' ), a radially outwardly formed on the piston head, downwardly directed annular wall ( 8th ) and a radially inside the annular wall ( 8th ), to the underside of the piston crown ( 6 ) integrally formed, annular support ( 10 ), wherein between the annular wall ( 8th ) and the support ( 10 ) the upper part of a cooling channel ( 22 ), - producing a piston lower part ( 4 ) made of steel in the forging or casting process, the two opposing shank elements ( 11 . 12 ), which have two opposite pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ), one on top of the piston lower part ( 4 ) arranged annular and with the pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ) associated edition ( 17 ) and a circumferential, radially outside the support ( 17 ) and with the shaft elements ( 11 . 12 ) connected annular rib ( 18 ), wherein between the support ( 17 ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) the lower part of the cooling channel ( 22 ), - Welding of the upper piston part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) with the piston lower part ( 4 ) via contacting contact surfaces on the one hand, the annular wall ( 8th ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) and on the other hand the support ( 10 ) and the edition ( 17 ), whereby the piston top ( 3 ) and the piston lower part ( 4 ) formed cooling channel ( 22 ), - finishing of the piston ( 1 ) by means of a machining production process, characterized in that for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) a piston top blank is preformed by means of the thermoforming method at 1200 ° C to 1300 ° C, after which the piston top blank is cold formed at 0 ° C to 150 ° C, after which the combustion bowl ( 7 . 7 ' ) and / or the upper part of the cooling channel ( 22 ) undergoes no further processing, and according to which the radially outer region ( 23 ) of the piston crown ( 6 ), the radially outer portion of the annular wall ( 8th ), the lower area ( 26 ) of the inner surface ( 27 ) of the annular wall ( 8th ) and the bearing surface ( 28 ) of the support of the Piston shell blanks for producing the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' ) finish.
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ,) for an internal combustion engine, comprising the following method steps: - producing a piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) made of steel in the forging process, which has a piston head ( 6 ) with a combustion recess ( 7 . 7 ' ), a radially outwardly formed on the piston head, downwardly directed annular wall ( 8th ) and a radially inside the annular wall ( 8th ), to the underside of the piston crown ( 6 ) integrally formed, annular support ( 10 ), wherein between the annular wall ( 8th ) and the support ( 10 ) the upper part of a cooling channel ( 22 ), - producing a piston lower part ( 4 ) made of steel in the forging or casting process, the two opposing shank elements ( 11 . 12 ), which have two opposite pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ), one on top of the piston lower part ( 4 ) arranged annular and with the pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ) associated edition ( 17 ) and a circumferential, radially outside the support ( 17 ) and with the shaft elements ( 11 . 12 ) connected annular rib ( 18 ), wherein between the support ( 17 ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) the lower part of the cooling channel ( 22 ), - Welding of the upper piston part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) with the piston lower part ( 4 ) via contacting contact surfaces on the one hand, the annular wall ( 8th ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) and on the other hand the support ( 10 ) and the edition ( 17 ), whereby the piston top ( 3 ) and the piston lower part ( 4 ) formed cooling channel ( 22 ), - finishing of the piston ( 1 ) by means of a machining production process, characterized in that for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) a piston top blank is preformed by means of the hot forging method at 600 ° C to 900 ° C, after which the piston top blank is cold formed at 0 ° C to 150 ° C, after which the combustion bowl ( 7 . 7 ' ) and / or the upper part of the cooling channel ( 22 ) undergoes no further processing, and according to which the radially outer region ( 23 ) of the piston crown ( 6 ), the radially outer portion of the annular wall ( 8th ), the lower area ( 26 ) of the inner surface ( 27 ) of the annular wall ( 8th ) and the bearing surface ( 28 ) the support of the piston upper part blank for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' ) are finished.
Method for producing a piston ( 1 ,) for an internal combustion engine, comprising the following method steps: - producing a piston upper part ( 3 . 3 . 3 ''' ) made of steel in the forging process, which has a piston head ( 6 ) with a combustion recess ( 7 . 7 ' ), a radially outwardly formed on the piston head, downwardly directed annular wall ( 8th ) and a radially inside the annular wall ( 8th ), to the underside of the piston crown ( 6 ) integrally formed, annular support ( 10 ), wherein between the annular wall ( 8th ) and the support ( 10 ) the upper part of a cooling channel ( 22 ), - producing a piston lower part ( 4 ) made of steel in the forging or casting process, the two opposing shank elements ( 11 . 12 ), which have two opposite pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ), one on top of the piston lower part ( 4 ) arranged annular and with the pin bosses ( 13 . 14 ) associated edition ( 17 ) and a circumferential, radially outside the support ( 17 ) and with the shaft elements ( 11 . 12 ) connected annular rib ( 18 ), wherein between the support ( 17 ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) the lower part of the cooling channel ( 22 ), - Welding of the upper piston part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) with the piston lower part ( 4 ) via contacting contact surfaces on the one hand, the annular wall ( 8th ) and the ring rib ( 18 ) and on the other hand the support ( 10 ) and the edition ( 17 ), whereby the piston top ( 3 ) and the piston lower part ( 4 ) formed cooling channel ( 22 ), - finishing of the piston ( 1 ) by means of a machining production process, characterized in that for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' . 3 '' ) a piston top blank is preformed, after which the piston top blank is cold formed at 0 ° C to 150 ° C, after which the combustion bowl ( 7 . 7 ' ) and / or the upper part of the cooling channel ( 22 ) undergoes no further processing, and according to which the radially outer region ( 23 ) of the piston crown ( 6 ), the radially outer portion of the annular wall ( 8th ), the lower area ( 26 ) of the inner surface ( 27 ) of the annular wall ( 8th ) and the bearing surface ( 28 ) the support of the piston upper part blank for the production of the piston upper part ( 3 . 3 ' ) are finished.
DE201110013141 2011-03-04 2011-03-04 Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine Pending DE102011013141A1 (en)
DE201110013141 DE102011013141A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2011-03-04 Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine
US13/066,559 US8943687B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2011-04-18 Method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine
EP12712567.2A EP2680989B1 (en) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine
PCT/DE2012/000219 WO2012119583A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine
CN201280011567.8A CN103415363B (en) 2011-03-04 2012-03-02 Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine
US14/576,384 US9339898B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2014-12-19 Method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine
US15/130,194 US10065277B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2016-04-15 Method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102011013141A1 true DE102011013141A1 (en) 2012-09-06
ID=45932076
DE201110013141 Pending DE102011013141A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2011-03-04 Method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine
US (3) US8943687B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2680989B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103415363B (en)
DE (1) DE102011013141A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012119583A1 (en)
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2011-03-04 DE DE201110013141 patent/DE102011013141A1/en active Pending
2011-04-18 US US13/066,559 patent/US8943687B2/en active Active
2012-03-02 EP EP12712567.2A patent/EP2680989B1/en active Active
2012-03-02 CN CN201280011567.8A patent/CN103415363B/en active IP Right Grant
2012-03-02 WO PCT/DE2012/000219 patent/WO2012119583A1/en active Application Filing
2014-12-19 US US14/576,384 patent/US9339898B2/en active Active
2016-04-15 US US15/130,194 patent/US10065277B2/en active Active
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2018-03-06 R005 Application deemed withdrawn due to failure to request examination