Source: https://law.justia.com/codes/us/2016/title-15/chapter-41/subchapter-iii/sec.-1681u/
Timestamp: 2020-03-30 08:20:43
Document Index: 571168818

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 1681', '§1681', '§626', '§624', '§601', '§625', '§358', '§505', '§811', '§626', '§214', '§116', '§4', '§501', '§501', '§501', '§501', '§502', '§503', '§505', '§505', '§505', '§505']

15 U.S.C. 1681u (2016) - Disclosures to FBI for counterintelligence purposes :: 2016 US Code :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia
Justia › US Law › US Codes and Statutes › US Code › 2016 US Code › Title 15 - Commerce and Trade › Chapter 41 - Consumer Credit Protection › Subchapter III - Credit Reporting Agencies › Sec. 1681u - Disclosures to FBI for counterintelligence purposes
Sec. 1681u - Disclosures to FBI for counterintelligence purposes
Citation 15 U.S.C. § 1681u (2016)
Section Name §1681u. Disclosures to FBI for counterintelligence purposes
Section Text (a) Identity of financial institutions
(d) Prohibition of certain disclosure (1) Prohibition (A) In general
A consumer reporting agency that receives a request under subsection (a) or (b) or an order under subsection (c), or officer, employee, or agent thereof, may disclose information otherwise subject to any applicable nondisclosure requirement to—
(e) Judicial review (1) In general
Any agency or department of the United States obtaining or disclosing any consumer reports, records, or information contained therein in violation of this section is liable to the consumer to whom such consumer reports, records, or information relate in an amount equal to the sum of—
(Pub. L. 90–321, title VI, §626, formerly §624, as added Pub. L. 104–93, title VI, §601(a), Jan. 6, 1996, 109 Stat. 974; renumbered §625 and amended Pub. L. 107–56, title III, §358(g)(1)(A), title V, §505(c), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 327, 366; Pub. L. 107–306, title VIII, §811(b)(8)(B), Nov. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 2426; renumbered §626, Pub. L. 108–159, title II, §214(a)(1), Dec. 4, 2003, 117 Stat. 1980; Pub. L. 109–177, title I, §116(b), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 214; Pub. L. 109–178, §4(c)(1), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 280; Pub. L. 114–23, title V, §§501(c), 502(c), 503(c), June 2, 2015, 129 Stat. 282, 285, 290.)
This subchapter, referred to in subsec. (h), was in the original, "this Act" and was translated as reading "this title", meaning title VI of Pub. L. 90–321, known as the Fair Credit Reporting Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–23, §501(c)(1), substituted "that information that includes a term that specifically identifies a consumer or account to be used as the basis for the production of that information," for "that information,".
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–23, §501(c)(2), substituted "written request that includes a term that specifically identifies a consumer or account to be used as the basis for the production of that information," for "written request,".
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–23, §501(c)(3), inserted ", which shall include a term that specifically identifies a consumer or account to be used as the basis for the production of the information," after "issue an order ex parte".
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–23, §502(c), added subsec. (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which related to confidentiality.
Subsecs. (e) to (n). Pub. L. 114–23, §503(c), added subsec. (e) and redesignated former subsecs. (e) to (m) as (f) to (n), respectively.
2006—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–177 reenacted heading without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "No consumer reporting agency or officer, employee, or agent of a consumer reporting agency shall disclose to any person, other than those officers, employees, or agents of a consumer reporting agency necessary to fulfill the requirement to disclose information to the Federal Bureau of Investigation under this section, that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained the identity of financial institutions or a consumer report respecting any consumer under subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section, and no consumer reporting agency or officer, employee, or agent of a consumer reporting agency shall include in any consumer report any information that would indicate that the Federal Bureau of Investigation has sought or obtained such information or a consumer report."
Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 109–178 amended par. (4) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows: "At the request of the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or the designee of the Director, any person making or intending to make a disclosure under this section shall identify to the Director or such designee the person to whom such disclosure will be made or to whom such disclosure was made prior to the request, but in no circumstance shall a person be required to inform the Director or such designee that the person intends to consult an attorney to obtain legal advice or legal assistance."
2002—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 107–306 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
2001—Pub. L. 107–56, §505(c), which directed amendment of section 624 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, was executed by making the amendment to this section to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 624 as 625 by section 358(g)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 107–56. See below.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–56, §505(c)(1), inserted "in a position not lower than Deputy Assistant Director at Bureau headquarters or a Special Agent in Charge of a Bureau field office designated by the Director" after "Investigation, or the Director's designee" and substituted "in writing, that such information is sought for the conduct of an authorized investigation to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such an investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States." for pars. (1) and (2) requiring determination in writing that the information requested is necessary for the conduct of an authorized foreign counterintelligence investigation and that there are specific and articulable facts giving reason to believe that the consumer is a foreign power or a person who is not a United States person and is an official of a foreign power, or that the consumer is an agent of a foreign power and is engaging or has engaged in an act of international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities that involve or may involve a violation of criminal statutes of the United States.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–56, §505(c)(2), inserted "in a position not lower than Deputy Assistant Director at Bureau headquarters or a Special Agent in Charge of a Bureau field office designated by the Director" after "signed by the Director or the Director's designee" and substituted "in writing that such information is sought for the conduct of an authorized investigation to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such an investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States." for pars. (1) and (2) requiring determination in writing that the information requested is necessary to the conduct of an authorized counterintelligence investigation and that there is information giving reason to believe that the consumer has been, or is about to be, in contact with a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–56, §505(c)(3), inserted "in a position not lower than Deputy Assistant Director at Bureau headquarters or a Special Agent in Charge in a Bureau field office designated by the Director" after "designee of the Director" and substituted "in camera that the consumer report is sought for the conduct of an authorized investigation to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities, provided that such an investigation of a United States person is not conducted solely upon the basis of activities protected by the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States." for pars. (1) and (2) requiring a showing in camera that the consumer report is necessary for the conduct of an authorized foreign counterintelligence investigation and there are specific and articulable facts giving reason to believe that the consumer whose consumer report is sought is an agent of a foreign power and is engaging or has engaged in an act of international terrorism or in clandestine intelligence activities that involve or may involve a violation of criminal statutes of the United States.
Contains section 1681u
Statutes at Large References 109 Stat. 974
115 Stat. 327
117 Stat. 1980
120 Stat. 214, 280
129 Stat. 282
Public Law References Public Law 90-321, Public Law 104-14, Public Law 104-93, Public Law 107-56, Public Law 107-306, Public Law 108-159, Public Law 109-177, Public Law 109-178, Public Law 114-23