Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7959329?dq=%223do%22+dna
Timestamp: 2014-12-23 04:28:07
Document Index: 566479645

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60']

Patent US7959329 - Lighting devices, lighting assemblies, fixtures and method of using same - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsLighting devices which comprise a connector portion, a light emitter, a casing and a heat transfer component. At least a first portion of the heat transfer component which is in contact with the casing is spaced farther from an axis of the connector portion than a second portion of the heat transfer...http://www.google.com/patents/US7959329?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7959329 - Lighting devices, lighting assemblies, fixtures and method of using sameAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7959329 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/856,421Publication dateJun 14, 2011Filing dateSep 17, 2007Priority dateSep 18, 2006Also published asCN101675298A, CN101675298B, EP2066968A1, US20080084700, WO2008036596A1Publication number11856421, 856421, US 7959329 B2, US 7959329B2, US-B2-7959329, US7959329 B2, US7959329B2InventorsAntony Paul Van de VenOriginal AssigneeCree, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (57), Non-Patent Citations (24), Referenced by (9), Classifications (14), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLighting devices, lighting assemblies, fixtures and method of using sameUS 7959329 B2Abstract Lighting devices which comprise a connector portion, a light emitter, a casing and a heat transfer component. At least a first portion of the heat transfer component which is in contact with the casing is spaced farther from an axis of the connector portion than a second portion of the heat transfer component. Also, fixtures comprising a housing, a socket and at least one heat transfer component. Also, lighting assemblies comprising a housing, a socket, a heat transfer component and a lighting device which comprises a light emitter and a casing, respective portions of the heat transfer component being in contact with the casing and with the housing. Also, lighting devices comprising means for transferring heat, and methods of deploying lighting devices.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to lighting devices, lighting assemblies, lighting fixtures and methods of using them, in particular lighting devices, lighting assemblies, lighting fixtures which can be used to provide excellent heat dissipation, and methods of using such items. In one aspect, the present invention relates to solid state lighting devices, in particular, devices which include solid state light emitters and which provide for improved heat dissipation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A large proportion (some estimates are as high as twenty-five percent) of the electricity generated in the United States each year goes to lighting. Accordingly, there is an ongoing need to provide lighting which is more energy-efficient.
Although the development of light emitting diodes has in many ways revolutionized the lighting industry, some of the characteristics of light emitting diodes have presented challenges, some of which have not yet been fully met. For example, a wide variety of lighting devices, in particular LEDs, do not operate as reliably at elevated temperatures as they do at lower temperatures. In the case of LEDs, heatsinking is often provided so that the heat generated by the LED junction is dissipated into the ambient air to keep the junction temperature of the LED low�typically, a junction temperature of 75 degrees C. is a desirable maximum. Such a requirement, however, puts a severe constraint on the amount of power that can be provided to the LEDs while dissipating enough heat to satisfy the temperature requirement, which often means that LED-containing light bulbs are dull when compared to incandescent and fluorescent counterparts.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION LEDs generate light very efficiently, but LEDs generally cannot operate reliably at elevated temperature. Heatsinking must be provided so that the heat generated by the LED junction is dissipated into the ambient air to keep the junction temperature of the LED low. Typically a junction temperature of 75 degrees C. is a desirable maximum. This requirement puts severe constraints as to how much power can be applied to the LED, and generally means that the LED light bulbs are dull when compared to their standard counterparts such as incandescent and fluorescent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES FIGS. 1-4 depict an embodiment of a lighting assembly according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown. However, this invention should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein the term �and/or� includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Although the terms �first�, �second�, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, sections and/or parameters, these elements, components, regions, layers, sections and/or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. It will also be appreciated by those of skill in the art that references to a structure or feature that is disposed �adjacent� another feature may have portions that overlap or underlie the adjacent feature.
In such embodiments, the (or each) lighting device comprises at least one light emitter and a casing. The light emitter can be any suitable light emitter, a wide variety of which are well-known and readily available to persons skilled in the art. For example, the light emitter can be a solid state light emitter, an incandescent light emitter or a fluorescent light emitter. The lighting assembly can include any number of light emitters�where there are more than one light emitter, the respective light emitters can be similar to one another, different from one another or any combination (i.e., there can be a plurality of light emitters of one type, or one or more light emitters of each of two or more types)
Solid state light emitters include inorganic and organic light emitters. Examples of types of such light emitters include a wide variety of light emitting diodes (inorganic or organic, including polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs)), laser diodes, thin film electroluminescent devices, light emitting polymers (LEPs), a variety of each of which are well-known in the art (and therefore it is not necessary to describe in detail such devices, and/or the materials out of which such devices are made). The expression �solid state light emitter�, as used herein, can refer to a component including one or more solid state light emitter or a component including one or more solid state light emitter as well as one or more lumiphor. In some embodiments according to the present invention, a lighting device includes one or more solid state light emitters which include at least one solid state light emitter and at least one lumiphor which emits light, at least a portion of such light emitted by the luminescent element being emitted in response to luminescent material in the luminescent element being excited by light emitted by the at least one solid state light emitter.
(1) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/753,138, filed on Dec. 22, 2005, entitled �Lighting Device� (inventor: Gerald H. Negley), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/614,180, filed Dec. 21, 2006 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0236911);
(2) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/794,379, filed on Apr. 24, 2006, entitled �Shifting Spectral Content in LEDs by Spatially Separating Lumiphor Films� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/624,811, filed Jan. 19, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0170447);
(3) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/808,702, filed on May 26, 2006, entitled �Lighting Device� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/751,982, filed May 22, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0274080);
(4) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/808,925, filed on May 26, 2006, entitled �Solid State Light Emitting Device and Method of Making Same� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Neal Hunter), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/753,103, filed May 24, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0280624);
(5) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/802,697, filed on May 23, 2006, entitled �Lighting Device and Method of Making� (inventor: Gerald H. Negley), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/751,990, filed May 22, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0274063);
(1) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/752,555, filed Dec. 21, 2005, entitled �Lighting Device and Lighting Method� (inventors: Antony Paul Van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/613,714, filed Dec. 20, 2006 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0139920);
(2) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/752,556, filed on Dec. 21, 2005, entitled �SIGN AND METHOD FOR LIGHTING� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/613,733, filed Dec. 20, 2006 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0137074);
(3) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/793,524, filed on Apr. 20, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/736,761, filed Apr. 18, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0278934);
(4) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/793,518, filed on Apr. 20, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/736,799, filed Apr. 18, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0267983);
(5) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/793,530, filed on Apr. 20, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/737,321, filed Apr. 19, 2007 (now U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0278503);
As indicated above, some embodiments of the lighting devices according to the present invention can include lumiphors (i.e., luminescence region or luminescent element which comprises at least one luminescent material). The expression �lumiphor�, as used herein, refers to any luminescent element, i.e., any element which includes a luminescent material.
In some embodiments according to the present invention, the lighting device includes a connector portion. The connector portion can generally be any desired type of connector, e.g., a screw-threaded end (for example, which fits into an Edison socket), a rotatably engaging element (e.g., a GU-24 �twist and lock� socket), or any other suitable type (e.g., straight pins). In some such embodiments, the connector portion and the casing together completely surround the light emitter, i.e., as with a conventional incandescent light bulb. In such embodiments, the connector portion can be made of any suitable material (e.g., steel or aluminum). In some such embodiments, the connector portion is a screw-threaded end, which is receivable in a correspondingly threaded standard socket. In some such embodiments, the entire screw-threaded end is electrically conductive.
In some embodiments, the heat transfer component comprises a plurality of metal springs which partially or completely fill the gap (or one of the gaps) between the lighting device and the housing. Such springs can be made of any suitable material, a wide variety of which are well-known and readily available to persons skilled in the art. Representative examples of suitable materials for making the springs include, e.g., metals or compressible material such as silicon rubber, into which can optionally be embedded particles of high thermal conductive material such as SiC or graphite. In some such embodiments, such springs are made of beryllium-copper (or any other suitable material, e.g., steel) which has good thermal conductivity and also good elasticity. In some such embodiments, the springs are held close to the casing of the lighting device during installation with a clamp or retaining string, which clamp or retaining string can be removed after installation to allow the springs to expand out and come into contact with the housing, or, alternatively the springs are glue held closed with a heat sensitive adhesive, such that once the lamp is turned on and generates heat, the glue �breaks� and the springs expend outward to come into contact with the housing, i.e., either (1) the heat transfer component is in contact with the casing and is spring-loaded and restrained by a restraint, such that upon removal of the restraint, a portion of the heat transfer component moves into contact with the housing, or (2) the heat transfer component is in contact with the housing and is spring-loaded and restrained by a restraint, such that upon removal of the restraint, a portion of the heat transfer component moves into contact with the casing. In such embodiments, the springs may be of any desired size, e.g., 10-20 mm in diameter, or they may comprise very fine hairs. In some embodiments, the springs may be made of a bi-metallic material that changes shape when it is hot, and therefore allows the light bulb to be easily inserted or removed when it is cool and the springs to expand out and form the thermal path when it is warm.
The heat transfer component can be in one piece, or, if desired, can be in two or more pieces, e.g., a first piece in contact with the housing (and not attached to or in contact with the casing) and a second piece in contact with the casing (and not attached to or in contact with the housing), with the first and second pieces being in thermal contact with each other�in such embodiments, the first piece can be thought of as being part of the housing (such that the second piece is a heat transfer component having a first portion in contact with a portion of the housing and having a second portion in contact with a portion of the casing), or the second piece can be thought of as being part of the casing (such that the first piece is a heat transfer component having a first portion in contact with a portion of the housing and having a second portion in contact with a portion of the casing).
As indicated above, various aspects of the present invention relate to lighting devices which comprise a casing and at least one light emitter at least partially enclosed within the casing. The expression �at least partially enclosed�, as used herein in this context, indicates that the casing completely surrounds the one or more light emitter (such that any light originating in the one or more light emitter and escaping from the lighting device must pass through the casing), or that the casing only partially encloses the one or more light emitter, such that the casing does not completely enclose the space in which the one or more light emitter is positioned, and (1) the casing plus one or more other structures (which are in contact with the casing and/or each other) completely enclose the space in which the one or more light emitter is positioned, (2) the casing is in contact with one or more other structures, but the casing plus such other structures (and any additional structures which are in contact with such other structures) do not completely enclose the space in which the one or more light emitter is positioned, or (3) the casing is not in contact with any other structures. For example, a conventional incandescent light bulb or a conventional fluorescent light bulb each have a casing (typically made of glass or plastic) which does not completely enclose the space in which the filament (in an incandescent light bulb) or the mercury (in a fluorescent light bulb) is contained�these bulbs include one or two end portion structures which, together with the casings, completely enclose the space in which the filament or the mercury is contained.
One or more brightness enhancement films can optionally further be included in the lighting devices. Such films are well-known in the art and are readily available. Brightness enhancement films (e.g., BEF films commercially available from 3M) are optional�when employed, they provide a more directional light source by limiting the acceptance angle. Light not �accepted� is recycled by the highly reflective light source enclosure. Preferably, the brightness enhancement films (which can optionally be replaced by one or more extraction films, such as by WFT), if employed, are optimized to limit the viewing angle of the emitted source and to increase the probability of extracting light on the first (or earliest possible) pass.
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