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Title 40 → Chapter I → Subchapter C → Part 60 → Subpart BBBB
Source: 65 FR 76384, Dec. 6, 2000, unless otherwise noted.
This subpart establishes emission guidelines and compliance schedules for the control of emissions from existing small municipal waste combustion units. The pollutants addressed by the emission guidelines are listed in tables 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this subpart. The emission guidelines are developed in accordance with sections 111(d) and 129 of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and subpart B of this part.
(a) If you are the Administrator of an air quality program in a State or United States protectorate with one or more existing small municipal waste combustion units that commenced construction on or before August 30, 1999, you must submit a State plan to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that implements the emission guidelines contained in this subpart.
(b) You must submit the State plan to EPA by December 6, 2001.
(a) Include nine items:
(1) Inventory of affected municipal waste combustion units, including those that have ceased operation but have not been dismantled.
(2) Inventory of emissions from affected municipal waste combustion units in your State.
(3) Compliance schedules for each affected municipal waste combustion unit.
(4) Good combustion practices and emission limits for affected municipal waste ombustion units that are at least as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart.
(5) Stack testing, continuous emission monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements.
(6) Certification that the hearing on the State plan was held, a list of witnesses and their organizational affiliations, if any, appearing at the hearing, and a brief written summary of each presentation or written submission.
(9) Demonstration of your State's legal authority to carry out the CAA sections 111(d) and 129 State plan.
(b) Your State plan can deviate from the format and content of the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. However, if your State plan does deviate, you must demonstrate that your State plan is as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Your State plan must address regulatory applicability, increments of progress for retrofit, operator training and certification, operating practice, emission limits, continuous emission monitoring, stack testing, recordkeeping, reporting, and air curtain incinerator requirements.
(c) Follow the requirements of subpart B of this part in your State plan.
The EPA will review your State plan according to §60.27.
If you do not submit an approvable State plan (or a negative declaration letter), EPA will develop a Federal plan, according to §60.27 to implement the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Owners and operators of municipal waste combustion units not covered by an approved and currently effective State plan must comply with the Federal plan. The Federal plan is an interim action and, by its own terms, will cease to apply when your State plan is approved and becomes effective.
No, the EPA has no formal review process for negative declaration letters. Once your negative declaration letter has been received, EPA will place a copy in the public docket and publish a notice in the Federal Register. If, at a later date, an existing small municipal waste combustion unit is identified in your State, the Federal plan implementing the emission guidelines contained in this subpart will automatically apply to that municipal waste combustion unit until your State plan is approved.
(a) Your State plan must include compliance schedules that require small municipal waste combustion units to achieve final compliance or cease operation as expeditiously as practicable but not later than the earlier of two dates:
(1) December 6, 2005.
(b) For compliance schedules longer than 1 year after the effective date of State plan approval, State plans must include two items:
(1) Dates for enforceable increments of progress as specified in §60.1590.
(2) For Class I units (see definition in §60.1940), dioxins/furans stack test results for at least one test conducted during or after 1990. The stack tests must have been conducted according to the procedures specified under §60.1790.
(c) Class I units that commenced construction after June 26, 1987 must comply with the dioxins/furans and mercury limits specified in tables 2 and 3 of this subpart by the later of two dates:
(1) One year after the effective date of State plan approval.
(2) One year following the issuance of a revised construction or operation permit, if a permit modification is required.
Subpart B of this part establishes general requirements for developing and processing CAA section 111(d) plans. This subpart applies instead of the requirements in subpart B of this part, for two items:
(a) Option for case-by-case less stringent emission standards and longer compliance schedules. State plans developed to implement this subpart must be as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. State plans must require all municipal waste combustion units to comply no later than December 6, 2005. That requirement applies instead of the option for case-by-case less stringent emission standards and longer compliance schedules in §60.24(f).
(b) Increments of progress requirements. For Class II units (see definition in §60.1940), a State plan must include at least two increments of progress for the affected municipal waste combustion units. The two minimum increments are the final control plan submittal date and final compliance date in §60.21(h)(1) and (5). That requirement applies instead of the requirement of §60.24(e)(1) that would require a State plan to include all five increments of progress for all municipal waste combustion units. For Class I units under this subpart, the final control plan must contain the five increments of progress in §60.24(e)(1).
(a) Your State plan must address all existing small municipal waste combustion units in your State that meet two criteria:
(1) The municipal waste combustion unit has the capacity to combust at least 35 tons per day of municipal solid waste but no more than 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel.
(2) The municipal waste combustion unit commenced construction on or before August 30, 1999.
(b) If an owner or operator of a municipal waste combustion unit makes changes that meet the definition of modification or reconstruction after June 6, 2001 for subpart AAAA of this part, the municipal waste combustion unit becomes subject to subpart AAAA of this part and the State plan no longer applies to that unit.
(c) If an owner or operator of a municipal waste combustion unit makes physical or operational changes to an existing municipal waste combustion unit primarily to comply with your State plan, subpart AAAA of this part (New Source Performance Standards for New Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units) does not apply to that unit. Such changes do not constitute modifications or reconstructions under subpart AAAA of this part.
(a) Small municipal waste combustion units that combust less than 11 tons per day. Units are exempt from your State plan if four requirements are met:
(1) The municipal waste combustion unit is subject to a federally enforceable permit limiting the amount of municipal solid waste combusted to less than 11 tons per day.
(2) You are notified by the owner or operator that the unit qualifies for the exemption.
(3) You receive from the owner or operator of the unit a copy of the federally enforceable permit.
(4) The owner or operator of the unit keeps daily records of the amount of municipal solid waste combusted.
(b) Small power production units. Units are exempt from your State plan if four requirements are met:
(1) The unit qualifies as a small power production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)).
(2) The unit combusts homogeneous waste (excluding refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity.
(3) You are notified by the owner or operator that the unit qualifies for the exemption.
(4) You receive documentation from the owner or operator that the unit qualifies for the exemption.
(c) Cogeneration units. Units are exempt from your State plan if four requirements are met:
(2) The unit combusts homogeneous waste (excluding refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or other forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes.
(d) Municipal waste combustion units that combust only tires. Units are exempt from your State plan if three requirements are met:
(1) The municipal waste combustion unit combusts a single-item waste stream of tires and no other municipal waste (the unit can co-fire coal, fuel oil, natural gas, or other nonmunicipal solid waste).
(3) You receive documentation from the owner or operator that the unit qualifies for the exemption.
(e) Hazardous waste combustion units. Units are exempt from your State plan if the units have received a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act.
(f) Materials recovery units. Units are exempt from your State plan if the units combust waste mainly to recover metals. Primary and secondary smelters may qualify for the exemption.
(g) Co-fired units. Units are exempt from your State plan if four requirements are met:
(1) The unit has a federally enforceable permit limiting municipal solid waste combustion to 30 percent of the total fuel input by weight.
(4) The owner or operator records the weights, each quarter, of municipal solid waste and of all other fuels combusted.
(h) Plastics/rubber recycling units. Units are exempt from your State plan if four requirements are met:
(1) The pyrolysis/combustion unit is an integrated part of a plastics/rubber recycling unit as defined under “Definitions” (§60.1940).
(2) The owner or operator of the unit records the weight, each quarter, of plastics, rubber, and rubber tires processed.
(3) The owner or operator of the unit records the weight, each quarter, of feed stocks produced and marketed from chemical plants and petroleum refineries.
(4) The owner or operator of the unit keeps the name and address of the purchaser of the feed stocks.
(i) Units that combust fuels made from products of plastics/rubber recycling plants. Units are exempt from your State plan if two requirements are met:
(1) The unit combusts gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, fuel oils, residual oil, refinery gas, petroleum coke, liquified petroleum gas, propane, or butane produced by chemical plants or petroleum refineries that use feed stocks produced by plastics/rubber recycling units.
(2) The unit does not combust any other municipal solid waste.
(j) Cement kilns. Cement kilns that combust municipal solid waste are exempt from your State plan.
(k) Air curtain incinerators. If an air curtain incinerator (see §60.1940 for definition) combusts 100 percent yard waste, then those units must only meet the requirements under “Model Rule—Air Curtain Incinerators That Burn 100 Percent Yard Waste” (§§60.1910 through 60.1930).
(a) The model rule is the portion of the emission guidelines (§§60.1585 through 60.1905) that addresses the regulatory requirements applicable to small municipal waste combustion units. The model rule provides the requirements in a regulation format.
The model rule may be used to satisfy the State plan requirements specified in §60.1515(a)(4) and (5). Alternative language may be used in your State plan, but only if you can demonstrate that the alternative language is as protective as the model rule.
(a) Increments of progress toward compliance.
(b) Good combustion practices:
(1) Operator training.
(2) Operator certification.
(3) Operating requirements.
(c) Emission limits.
(d) Monitoring and stack testing.
(a) Class I units. If you plan to achieve compliance more than 1 year following the effective date of State plan approval and a permit modification is not required, or more than 1 year following the date of issuance of a revised construction or operation permit if a permit modification is required, you must meet five increments of progress:
(1) Submit a final control plan.
(2) Submit a notification of retrofit contract award.
(3) Initiate onsite construction.
(4) Complete onsite construction.
(5) Achieve final compliance.
(b) Class II units. If you plan to achieve compliance more than 1 year following the effective date of State plan approval and a permit modification is not required, or more than 1 year following the date of issuance of a revised construction or operation permit if a permit modification is required, you must meet two increments of progress:
(2) Achieve final compliance.
Table 1 of this subpart specifies compliance dates for each of the increments of progress for Class I and II units. (See §60.1940 for definitions of classes.)
Your notification of achievement of increments of progress must include three items:
(b) Any items required to be submitted with the increment of progress (§§60.1610 through 60.1630).
(c) The notification must be signed by the owner or operator of the municipal waste combustion unit.
Notifications of the achievement of increments of progress must be postmarked no later than 10 days after the compliance date for the increment.
If you fail to meet an increment of progress, you must submit a notification to the Administrator postmarked within 10 business days after the specified date in table 1 of this subpart for achieving that increment of progress. The notification must inform the Administrator that you did not meet the increment. You must include in the notification an explanation of why the increment of progress was not met and your plan for meeting the increment as expeditiously as possible. You must continue to submit reports each subsequent month until the increment of progress is met.
For your control plan increment of progress, you must complete two items:
(a) Submit the final control plan, including a description of the devices for air pollution control and process changes that you will use to comply with the emission limits and other requirements of this subpart.
(b) You must maintain an onsite copy of the final control plan.
You must submit a signed copy of the contracts awarded to initiate onsite construction, initiate onsite installation of emission control equipment, and incorporate process changes. Submit the copy of the contracts with the notification that the increment of progress has been achieved. You do not need to include documents incorporated by reference or the attachments to the contracts.
You must initiate onsite construction and installation of emission control equipment and initiate the process changes outlined in the final control plan.
(a) Complete all process changes and complete retrofit construction as specified in the final control plan.
(b) Connect the air pollution control equipment with the municipal waste combustion unit identified in the final control plan and complete process changes to the municipal waste combustion unit so that if the affected municipal waste combustion unit is brought online, all necessary process changes and air pollution control equipment are operating as designed.
(a) If you close your municipal waste combustion unit but will reopen it prior to the final compliance date in your State plan, you must meet the increments of progress specified in §60.1585.
(b) If you close your municipal waste combustion unit but will restart it after your final compliance date, you must complete emission control retrofit and meet the emission limits and good combustion practices on the date your municipal waste combustion unit restarts operation.
There are two types of required training:
(a) Training of operators of municipal waste combustion units using the EPA or a State-approved training course.
(b) Training of plant personnel using a plant-specific training course.
(a) Three types of employees must complete the EPA or State-approved operator training course:
(1) Chief facility operators.
(2) Shift supervisors.
(3) Control room operators.
(b) Those employees must complete the operator training course by the later of three dates:
(2) Six months after your municipal waste combustion unit starts up.
(3) The date before an employee assumes responsibilities that affect operation of the municipal waste combustion unit.
(c) The requirement in paragraph (a) of this section does not apply to chief facility operators, shift supervisors, and control room operators who have obtained full certification from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers on or before the effective date of State plan approval.
(d) You may request that the EPA Administrator waive the requirement in paragraph (a) of this section for chief facility operators, shift supervisors, and control room operators who have obtained provisional certification from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers on or before the effective date of State plan approval.
(a) Chief facility operators.
(b) Shift supervisors.
(c) Control room operators.
(d) Ash handlers.
(e) Maintenance personnel.
(f) Crane or load handlers.
(a) For training at a particular plant, develop a specific operating manual for that plant by the later of two dates:
(1) Six months after your municipal waste combustion unit starts up.
(2) One year after the effective date of State plan approval.
(b) Establish a program to review the plant-specific operating manual with people whose responsibilities affect the operation of your municipal waste combustion unit. Complete the initial review by the later of three dates:
(c) Update your manual annually.
(d) Review your manual with staff annually.
(a) A summary of all applicable requirements in this subpart.
(b) A description of the basic combustion principles that apply to municipal waste combustion units.
(c) Procedures for receiving, handling, and feeding municipal solid waste.
(d) Procedures to be followed during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction of the municipal waste combustion unit.
(e) Procedures for maintaining a proper level of combustion air supply.
(f) Procedures for operating the municipal waste combustion unit in compliance with the requirements contained in this subpart.
(g) Procedures for responding to periodic upset or off-specification conditions.
(h) Procedures for minimizing carryover of particulate matter.
(i) Procedures for handling ash.
(j) Procedures for monitoring emissions from the municipal waste combustion unit.
(k) Procedures for recordkeeping and reporting.
(a) Each chief facility operator and shift supervisor must obtain and keep a current provisional operator certification from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (QRO-1-1994) (incorporated by reference in §60.17(h)(1)) or a current provisional operator certification from your State certification program.
(b) Each chief facility operator and shift supervisor must obtain a provisional certification by the later of three dates:
(1) For Class I units, 12 months after the effective date of State plan approval. For Class II units, 18 months after the effective date of State plan approval.
(2) Six months after the municipal waste combustion unit starts up.
(3) Six months after they transfer to the municipal waste combustion unit or 6 months after they are hired to work at the municipal waste combustion unit.
(c) Each chief facility operator and shift supervisor must take one of three actions:
(1) Obtain a full certification from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers or a State certification program in your State.
(2) Schedule a full certification exam with the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (QRO-1-1994) (incorporated by reference in §60.17(h)(1)).
(3) Schedule a full certification exam with your State certification program.
(d) The chief facility operator and shift supervisor must obtain the full certification or be scheduled to take the certification exam by the later of the following dates:
(a) When the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are both offsite for 12 hours or less and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may perform those duties without notice to, or approval by, the Administrator.
(b) When the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 12 hours, but for 2 weeks or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may perform those duties without notice to, or approval by, the Administrator. However, you must record the periods when the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite and include the information in the annual report as specified under §60.1885(l).
(c) When the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 2 weeks, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may perform those duties without notice to, or approval by, the Administrator. However, you must take two actions:
(1) Notify the Administrator in writing. In the notice, state what caused the absence and what you are doing to ensure that a certified chief facility operator or certified shift supervisor is onsite.
(2) Submit a status report and corrective action summary to the Administrator every 4 weeks following the initial notification. If the Administrator notifies you that your status report or corrective action summary is disapproved, the municipal waste combustion unit may continue operation for 90 days, but then must cease operation. If corrective actions are taken in the 90-day period such that the Administrator withdraws the disapproval, municipal waste combustion unit operation may continue.
(a) You must not operate your municipal waste combustion unit at loads greater than 110 percent of the maximum demonstrated load of the municipal waste combustion unit (4-hour block average), as specified under “Definitions” (§60.1940).
(b) You must not operate your municipal waste combustion unit so that the temperature at the inlet of the particulate matter control device exceeds 17 °C above the maximum demonstrated temperature of the particulate matter control device (4-hour block average), as specified under “Definitions” (§60.1940).
(d) If your municipal waste combustion unit uses activated carbon to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, you must evaluate total carbon usage for each calendar quarter. The total amount of carbon purchased and delivered to your municipal waste combustion plant must be at or above the required quarterly usage of carbon. At your option, you may choose to evaluate required quarterly carbon usage on a municipal waste combustion unit basis for each individual municipal waste combustion unit at your plant. Calculate the required quarterly usage of carbon using equation 4 or 5 in §60.1935(f).
(a) Organics. Dioxins/furans.
(b) Metals. (1) Cadmium.
(2) Lead.
(3) Mercury.
(5) Particulate matter.
(c) Acid gases. (1) Hydrogen chloride.
(2) Nitrogen oxides.
(3) Sulfur dioxide.
(d) Other. (1) Carbon monoxide.
(2) Fugitive ash.
(a) After the date the initial stack test and continuous emission monitoring system evaluation are required or completed (whichever is earlier), you must meet the applicable emission limits specified in the four tables of this subpart:
(2) One year after the issuance of a revised construction or operating permit, if a permit modification is required. Final compliance with the dioxins/furans limits must be achieved no later than December 6, 2005, even if the date 1 year after the issuance of a revised construction or operation permit is later than December 6, 2005.
(a) The emission limits of this subpart apply at all times except during periods of municipal waste combustion unit startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
(c) A maximum of 3 hours of test data can be dismissed from compliance calculations during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
(d) During startup, shutdown, or malfunction periods longer than 3 hours, emissions data cannot be discarded from compliance calculations and all provisions under §60.11(d) apply.
(a) You must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for oxygen (or carbon dioxide), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. If you operate a Class I municipal waste combustion unit, also install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous emission monitoring system for nitrogen oxides. Install the continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) at the outlet of the air pollution control device.
(d) You may choose to monitor carbon dioxide instead of oxygen as a diluent gas. If you choose to monitor carbon dioxide, then an oxygen monitor is not required and you must follow the requirements in §60.1745.
You must use data from the continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide to demonstrate continuous compliance with the applicable emission limits specified in tables 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this subpart. To demonstrate compliance for dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride, and fugitive ash, see §60.1780.
(a) Section 2.3 of Performance Specification 3 in appendix B of this part (relative accuracy requirement).
(b) Section 5.1.1 of appendix F of this part (relative accuracy test audit).
You must establish the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide during the initial evaluation of your continuous emission monitoring systems. You may reestablish the relationship during annual evaluations. To establish the relationship use three procedures:
(a) Use EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B in appendix A of this part to determine oxygen concentration at the location of your carbon dioxide monitor.
(b) Conduct at least three test runs for oxygen. Make sure each test run represents a 1-hour average and that sampling continues for at least 30 minutes in each hour.
(c) Use the fuel-factor equation in EPA Reference Method 3B in appendix A of this part to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide.
(a) Where continuous emission monitoring systems are required, obtain 1-hour arithmetic averages. Make sure the averages for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides (Class I municipal waste combustion units only), and carbon monoxide are in parts per million by dry volume at 7 percent oxygen (or the equivalent carbon dioxide level). Use the 1-hour averages of oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data from your continuous emission monitoring system to determine the actual oxygen (or carbon dioxide) level and to calculate emissions at 7 percent oxygen (or the equivalent carbon dioxide level).
(c) Obtain valid 1-hour averages for 75 percent of the operating hours per day for 90 percent of the operating days per calendar quarter. An operating day is any day the unit combusts any municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel.
(d) If you do not obtain the minimum data required in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, you are in violation of the data collection requirement regardless of the emission level monitored, and you must notify the Administrator according to §60.1885(e).
(e) If you do not obtain the minimum data required in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, you must still use all valid data from the continuous emission monitoring systems in calculating emission concentrations and percent reductions in accordance with §60.1755.
(a) Use the equation in §60.1935(a) to calculate emissions at 7 percent oxygen.
(b) Use EPA Reference Method 19 in appendix A of this part, section 4.3, to calculate the daily geometric average concentrations of sulfur dioxide emissions. If you are monitoring the percent reduction of sulfur dioxide, use EPA Reference Method 19 in appendix A of this part, section 5.4, to determine the daily geometric average percent reduction of potential sulfur dioxide emissions.
(c) If you operate a Class I municipal waste combustion unit, use EPA Reference Method 19 in appendix A of this part, section 4.1, to calculate the daily arithmetic average for concentrations of nitrogen oxides.
(d) Use EPA Reference Method 19 in appendix A of this part, section 4.1, to calculate the 4-hour or 24-hour daily block averages (as applicable) for concentrations of carbon monoxide.
(c) Complete an initial evaluation of your continuous opacity monitoring system according to Performance Specification 1 in appendix B of this part. Complete the evaluation by 180 days after your final compliance date.
(e) Use tests conducted according to EPA Reference Method 9 in appendix A of this part, as specified in §60.1790, to determine compliance with the opacity limit in table 2 or 4 of this subpart. The data obtained from your continuous opacity monitoring system are not used to determine compliance with the opacity limit.
Refer to table 8 of this subpart. It shows alternate methods for collecting data when systems malfunction or when repairs, calibration checks, or zero and span checks keep you from collecting the minimum amount of data.
Conduct initial and annual stack tests to measure the emission levels of dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride, and fugitive ash.
You must use results of stack tests for dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride, and fugitive ash to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limits in tables 2 and 4 of this subpart. To demonstrate compliance for carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide, see §60.1725.
(a) Conduct initial stack tests for the pollutants listed in §60.1775 by 180 days after your final compliance date.
(a) Follow table 8 of this subpart to establish the sampling location and to determine pollutant concentrations, number of traverse points, individual test methods, and other specific testing requirements for the different pollutants.
(b) Make sure that stack tests for all the pollutants consist of at least three test runs, as specified in §60.8. Use the average of the pollutant emission concentrations from the three test runs to determine compliance with the applicable emission limits in tables 2 and 4 of this subpart.
(c) Obtain an oxygen (or carbon dioxide) measurement at the same time as your pollutant measurements to determine diluent gas levels, as specified in §60.1720.
(d) Use the equations in §60.1935(a) to calculate emission levels at 7 percent oxygen (or an equivalent carbon dioxide basis), the percent reduction in potential hydrogen chloride emissions, and the reduction efficiency for mercury emissions. See the individual test methods in table 6 of this subpart for other required equations.
(e) You can apply to the Administrator for approval under §60.8(b) to use a reference method with minor changes in methodology, use an equivalent method, use an alternative method the results of which the Administrator has determined are adequate for demonstrating compliance, waive the requirement for a performance test because you have demonstrated by other means that you are in compliance, or use a shorter sampling time or smaller sampling volume.
(a) You may test less often if you own or operate a Class II municipal waste combustion unit and if all stack tests for a given pollutant over 3 consecutive years show you comply with the emission limit. In that case, you are not required to conduct a stack test for that pollutant for the next 2 years. However, you must conduct another stack test within 36 months of the anniversary date of the third consecutive stack test that shows you comply with the emission limit. Thereafter, you must perform stack tests every 3rd year but no later than 36 months following the previous stack tests. If a stack test shows noncompliance with an emission limit, you must conduct annual stack tests for that pollutant until all stack tests over 3 consecutive years show compliance with the emission limit for that pollutant. The provision applies to all pollutants subject to stack testing requirements: dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride, and fugitive ash.
(b) You can test less often for dioxins/furans emissions if you own or operate a municipal waste combustion plant that meets two conditions. First, you have multiple municipal waste combustion units onsite that are subject to this subpart. Second, all those municipal waste combustion units have demonstrated levels of dioxins/furans emissions less than or equal to 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, for 2 consecutive years. In that case, you may choose to conduct annual stack tests on only one municipal waste combustion unit per year at your plant. The provision only applies to stack testing for dioxins/furans emissions.
(1) Conduct the stack test no more than 13 months following a stack test on any municipal waste combustion unit subject to this subpart at your plant. Each year, test a different municipal waste combustion unit subject to this subpart and test all municipal waste combustion units subject to this subpart in a sequence that you determine. Once you determine a testing sequence, it must not be changed without approval by the Administrator.
(2) If each annual stack test shows levels of dioxins/furans emissions less than or equal to 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, you may continue stack tests on only one municipal waste combustion unit subject to this subpart per year.
(3) If any annual stack test indicates levels of dioxins/furans emissions greater than 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, conduct subsequent annual stack tests on all municipal waste combustion units subject to this subpart at your plant. You may return to testing one municipal waste combustion unit subject to this subpart per year if you can demonstrate dioxins/furans emissions levels less than or equal to 15 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class I units, or 30 nanograms per dry standard cubic meter (total mass) for Class II units, for all municipal waste combustion units at your plant subject to this subpart for 2 consecutive years.
You may not deviate from the 13-month testing schedules specified in §§60.1785(b) and 60.1795(b)(1) unless you apply to the Administrator for an alternative schedule, and the Administrator approves your request for alternate scheduling prior to the date on which you would otherwise have been required to conduct the next stack test.
(a) If your municipal waste combustion unit generates steam, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a steam flowmeter or a feed water flowmeter and meet five requirements:
(1) Continuously measure and record the measurements of steam (or feed water) in kilograms (or pounds) per hour.
(2) Calculate your steam (or feed water) flow in 4-hour block averages.
(3) Calculate the steam (or feed water) flow rate using the method in “American Society of Mechanical Engineers Power Test Codes: Test Code for Steam Generating Units, Power Test Code 4.1—1964 (R1991),” section 4 (incorporated by reference in §60.17(h)(2)).
(4) Design, construct, install, calibrate, and use nozzles or orifices for flow rate measurements, using the recommendations in “American Society of Mechanical Engineers Interim Supplement 19.5 on Instruments and Apparatus: Application, part II of Fluid Meters,” 6th Edition (1971), chapter 4 (incorporated by reference in §60.17(h)(3)).
(5) Before each dioxins/furans stack test, or at least once a year, calibrate all signal conversion elements associated with steam (or feed water) flow measurements according to the manufacturer instructions.
(b) If your municipal waste combustion units do not generate steam, or, if your municipal waste combustion units have shared steam systems and steam load cannot be estimated per unit, you must determine, to the satisfaction of the Administrator, one or more operating parameters that can be used to continuously estimate load level (for example, the feed rate of municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel). You must continuously monitor the selected parameters.
If your municipal waste combustion unit uses activated carbon to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, you must meet three requirements:
(a) Select a carbon injection system operating parameter that can be used to calculate carbon feed rate (for example, screw feeder speed).
(b) During each dioxins/furans and mercury stack test, determine the average carbon feed rate in kilograms (or pounds) per hour. Also, determine the average operating parameter level that correlates to the carbon feed rate. Establish a relationship between the operating parameter and the carbon feed rate in order to calculate the carbon feed rate based on the operating parameter level.
(c) Continuously monitor the selected operating parameter during all periods when the municipal waste combustion unit is operating and combusting waste and calculate the 8-hour block average carbon feed rate in kilograms (or pounds) per hour, based on the selected operating parameter. When calculating the 8-hour block average, do two things:
(1) Exclude hours when the municipal waste combustion unit is not operating.
(2) Include hours when the municipal waste combustion unit is operating but the carbon feed system is not working correctly.
(a) Where continuous parameter monitoring systems are used, obtain 1-hour arithmetic averages for three parameters:
(1) Load level of the municipal waste combustion unit.
(2) Temperature of the flue gases at the inlet of your particulate matter control device.
(3) Carbon feed rate if activated carbon is used to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions.
(b) Obtain at least two data points per hour in order to calculate a valid 1-hour arithmetic average.
(c) Obtain valid 1-hour averages for at least 75 percent of the operating hours per day for 90 percent of the operating days per calendar quarter. An operating day is any day the unit combusts any municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel.
(d) If you do not obtain the minimum data required in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, you are in violation of the data collection requirement, and you must notify the Administrator according to §60.1885(e).
(a) Operator training and certification.
(b) Stack tests.
(c) Continuously monitored pollutants and parameters.
(d) Carbon feed rate.
(a) Keep all records onsite in paper copy or electronic format unless the Administrator approves another format.
(b) Keep all records on each municipal waste combustion unit for at least 5 years.
(c) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator, or for onsite review by an inspector.
(a) Records of provisional certifications. Include three items:
(1) For your municipal waste combustion plant, names of the chief facility operator, shift supervisors, and control room operators who are provisionally certified by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers or an equivalent State-approved certification program.
(2) Dates of the initial provisional certifications.
(3) Documentation showing current provisional certifications.
(b) Records of full certifications. Include three items:
(1) For your municipal waste combustion plant, names of the chief facility operator, shift supervisors, and control room operators who are fully certified by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers or an equivalent State-approved certification program.
(2) Dates of initial and renewal full certifications.
(3) Documentation showing current full certifications.
(c) Records showing completion of the operator training course. Include three items:
(1) For your municipal waste combustion plant, names of the chief facility operator, shift supervisors, and control room operators who have completed the EPA or State municipal waste combustion operator training course.
(2) Dates of completion of the operator training course.
(3) Documentation showing completion of operator training course.
(d) Records of reviews for plant-specific operating manuals. Include three items:
(1) Names of persons who have reviewed the operating manual.
(2) Date of the initial review.
(3) Dates of subsequent annual reviews.
(e) Records of when a certified operator is temporarily offsite. Include two main items:
(1) If the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 12 hours, but for 2 weeks or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, record the dates that the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor were offsite.
(2) When all certified chief facility operators and certified shift supervisors are offsite for more than 2 weeks and no other certified operator is onsite, keep records of four items:
(i) Your notice that all certified persons are offsite.
(ii) The conditions that cause those people to be offsite.
(iii) The corrective actions you are taking to ensure a certified chief facility operator or certified shift supervisor is onsite.
(iv) Copies of the written reports submitted every 4 weeks that summarize the actions taken to ensure that a certified chief facility operator or certified shift supervisor will be onsite.
(f) Records of calendar dates. Include the calendar date on each record.
For stack tests required under §60.1775, you must keep records of four items:
(a) The results of the stack tests for eight pollutants or parameters recorded in the appropriate units of measure specified in table 2 or 4 of this subpart:
(1) Dioxins/furans.
(2) Cadmium.
(3) Lead.
(5) Opacity.
(6) Particulate matter.
(7) Hydrogen chloride.
(8) Fugitive ash.
(b) Test reports including supporting calculations that document the results of all stack tests.
(c) The maximum demonstrated load of your municipal waste combustion units and maximum temperature at the inlet of your particulate matter control device during all stack tests for dioxins/furans emissions.
(d) The calendar date of each record.
(a) Records of monitoring data. Document six parameters measured using continuous monitoring systems:
(3) For Class I municipal waste combustion units only, all 1-hour average concentrations of nitrogen oxides emissions.
(5) All 1-hour average load levels of your municipal waste combustion unit.
(6) All 1-hour average flue gas temperatures at the inlet of the particulate matter control device.
(b) Records of average concentrations and percent reductions. Document five parameters:
(1) All 24-hour daily block geometric average concentrations of sulfur dioxide emissions or average percent reductions of sulfur dioxide emissions.
(2) For Class I municipal waste combustion units only, all 24-hour daily arithmetic average concentrations of nitrogen oxides emissions.
(3) All 4-hour block or 24-hour daily block arithmetic average concentrations of carbon monoxide emissions.
(4) All 4-hour block arithmetic average load levels of your municipal waste combustion unit.
(5) All 4-hour block arithmetic average flue gas temperatures at the inlet of the particulate matter control device.
(c) Records of exceedances. Document three items:
(1) Calendar dates whenever any of the five pollutant or parameter levels recorded in paragraph (b) of this section or the opacity level recorded in paragraph (a)(1) of this section did not meet the emission limits or operating levels specified in this subpart.
(2) Reasons you exceeded the applicable emission limits or operating levels.
(3) Corrective actions you took, or are taking, to meet the emission limits or operating levels.
(d) Records of minimum data. Document three items:
(1) Calendar dates for which you did not collect the minimum amount of data required under §§60.1750 and 60.1825. Record those dates for five types of pollutants and parameters:
(i) Sulfur dioxide emissions.
(ii) For Class I municipal waste combustion units only, nitrogen oxides emissions.
(iii) Carbon monoxide emissions.
(iv) Load levels of your municipal waste combustion unit.
(v) Temperatures of the flue gases at the inlet of the particulate matter control device.
(2) Reasons you did not collect the minimum data.
(3) Corrective actions you took or are taking to obtain the required amount of data.
(e) Records of exclusions. Document each time you have excluded data from your calculation of averages for any of the following five pollutants or parameters and the reasons the data were excluded:
(1) Sulfur dioxide emissions.
(2) For Class I municipal waste combustion units only, nitrogen oxides emissions.
(3) Carbon monoxide emissions.
(4) Load levels of your municipal waste combustion unit.
(5) Temperatures of the flue gases at the inlet of the particulate matter control device.
(f) Records of drift and accuracy. Document the results of your daily drift tests and quarterly accuracy determinations according to Procedure 1 of appendix F of this part. Keep those records for the sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides (Class I municipal waste combustion units only), and carbon monoxide continuous emissions monitoring systems.
(g) Records of the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide. If you choose to monitor carbon dioxide instead of oxygen as a diluent gas, document the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide, as specified in §60.1745.
(h) Records of calendar dates. Include the calendar date on each record.
(a) Records of average carbon feed rate. Document five items:
(1) Average carbon feed rate in kilograms (or pounds) per hour during all stack tests for dioxins/furans and mercury emissions. Include supporting calculations in the records.
(2) For the operating parameter chosen to monitor carbon feed rate, average operating level during all stack tests for dioxins/furans and mercury emissions. Include supporting data that document the relationship between the operating parameter and the carbon feed rate.
(3) All 8-hour block average carbon feed rates in kilograms (or pounds) per hour calculated from the monitored operating parameter.
(4) Total carbon purchased and delivered to the municipal waste combustion plant for each calendar quarter. If you choose to evaluate total carbon purchased and delivered on a municipal waste combustion unit basis, record the total carbon purchased and delivered for each individual municipal waste combustion unit at your plant. Include supporting documentation.
(5) Required quarterly usage of carbon for the municipal waste combustion plant, calculated using equation 4 or 5 in §60.1935(f). If you choose to evaluate required quarterly usage for carbon on a municipal waste combustion unit basis, record the required quarterly usage for each municipal waste combustion unit at your plant. Include supporting calculations.
(b) Records of low carbon feed rates. Document three items:
(1) The calendar dates when the average carbon feed rate over an 8-hour block was less than the average carbon feed rates determined during the most recent stack test for dioxins/furans or mercury emissions (whichever has a higher feed rate).
(2) Reasons for the low carbon feed rates.
(3) Corrective actions you took or are taking to meet the 8-hour average carbon feed rate requirement.
(c) Records of minimum carbon feed rate data. Document three items:
(1) Calendar dates for which you did not collect the minimum amount of carbon feed rate data required under §60.1825.
(3) Corrective actions you took or are taking to get the required amount of data.
(d) Records of exclusions. Document each time you have excluded data from your calculation of average carbon feed rates and the reasons the data were excluded.
(e) Records of calendar dates. Include the calendar date on each record.
(a) Submit an initial report and annual reports, plus semiannual reports for any emission or parameter level that does not meet the limits specified in this subpart.
(b) Submit all reports on paper, postmarked on or before the submittal dates in §§60.1870, 60.1880, and 60.1895. If the Administrator agrees, you may submit electronic reports.
(c) Keep a copy of all reports required by §§60.1875, 60.1885, and 60.1900 onsite for 5 years.
See tables 2, 3, 4 and 5 of this subpart for appropriate units of measurement.
As specified in §60.7(c), submit your initial report by 180 days after your final compliance date.
(a) The emission levels measured on the date of the initial evaluation of your continuous emission monitoring systems for all of the following five pollutants or parameters as recorded in accordance with §60.1850(b).
(1) The 24-hour daily geometric average concentration of sulfur dioxide emissions or the 24-hour daily geometric percent reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions.
(2) For Class I municipal waste combustion units only, the 24-hour daily arithmetic average concentration of nitrogen oxides emissions.
(3) The 4-hour block or 24-hour daily arithmetic average concentration of carbon monoxide emissions.
(4) The 4-hour block arithmetic average load level of your municipal waste combustion unit.
(5) The 4-hour block arithmetic average flue gas temperature at the inlet of the particulate matter control device.
(b) The results of the initial stack tests for eight pollutants or parameters (use appropriate units as specified in table 2 or 4 of this subpart):
(c) The test report that documents the initial stack tests including supporting calculations.
(d) The initial performance evaluation of your continuous emissions monitoring systems. Use the applicable performance specifications in appendix B of this part in conducting the evaluation.
(e) The maximum demonstrated load of your municipal waste combustion unit and the maximum demonstrated temperature of the flue gases at the inlet of the particulate matter control device. Use values established during your initial stack test for dioxins/furans emissions and include supporting calculations.
(f) If your municipal waste combustion unit uses activated carbon to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, the average carbon feed rates that you recorded during the initial stack tests for dioxins/furans and mercury emissions. Include supporting calculations as specified in §60.1855(a)(1) and (2).
(g) If you choose to monitor carbon dioxide instead of oxygen as a diluent gas, documentation of the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide, as specified in §60.1745.
Summarize data collected for all pollutants and parameters regulated under this subpart. Your summary must include twelve items:
(a) The results of the annual stack test, using appropriate units, for eight pollutants, as recorded under §60.1845(a):
(b) A list of the highest average levels recorded, in the appropriate units. List those values for five pollutants or parameters:
(4) Load level of the municipal waste combustion unit.
(5) Temperature of the flue gases at the inlet of the particulate matter air pollution control device (4-hour block average).
(c) The highest 6-minute opacity level measured. Base the value on all 6-minute average opacity levels recorded by your continuous opacity monitoring system (§60.1850(a)(1)).
(d) For municipal waste combustion units that use activated carbon for controlling dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, include four records:
(1) The average carbon feed rates recorded during the most recent dioxins/furans and mercury stack tests.
(2) The lowest 8-hour block average carbon feed rate recorded during the year.
(3) The total carbon purchased and delivered to the municipal waste combustion plant for each calendar quarter. If you choose to evaluate total carbon purchased and delivered on a municipal waste combustion unit basis, record the total carbon purchased and delivered for each individual municipal waste combustion unit at your plant.
(4) The required quarterly carbon usage of your municipal waste combustion plant calculated using equation 4 or 5 in §60.1935(f). If you choose to evaluate required quarterly usage for carbon on a municipal waste combustion unit basis, record the required quarterly usage for each municipal waste combustion unit at your plant.
(e) The total number of days that you did not obtain the minimum number of hours of data for six pollutants or parameters. Include the reasons you did not obtain the data and corrective actions that you have taken to obtain the data in the future. Include data on:
(5) Temperature of the flue gases at the inlet of the particulate matter air pollution control device.
(6) Carbon feed rate.
(f) The number of hours you have excluded data from the calculation of average levels (include the reasons for excluding it). Include data for six pollutants or parameters:
(g) A notice of your intent to begin a reduced stack testing schedule for dioxins/furans emissions during the following calendar year if you are eligible for alternative scheduling (§60.1795(a) or (b)).
(h) A notice of your intent to begin a reduced stack testing schedule for other pollutants during the following calendar year if you are eligible for alternative scheduling (§60.1795(a)).
(i) A summary of any emission or parameter level that did not meet the limits specified in this subpart.
(j) A summary of the data in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section from the year preceding the reporting year which gives the Administrator a summary of the performance of the municipal waste combustion unit over a 2-year period.
(k) If you choose to monitor carbon dioxide instead of oxygen as a diluent gas, documentation of the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide, as specified in §60.1745.
(l) Documentation of periods when all certified chief facility operators and certified shift supervisors are offsite for more than 12 hours.
You must submit a semiannual report on any recorded emission or parameter level that does not meet the requirements specified in this subpart.
You must include three items in the semiannual report:
(a) For any of the following six pollutants or parameters that exceeded the limits specified in this subpart, include the calendar date they exceeded the limits, the averaged and recorded data for that date, the reasons for exceeding the limits, and your corrective actions:
(1) Concentration or percent reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions.
(2) For Class I municipal waste combustion units only, concentration of nitrogen oxides emissions.
(3) Concentration of carbon monoxide emissions.
(4) Load level of your municipal waste combustion unit.
(5) Temperature of the flue gases at the inlet of your particulate matter air pollution control device.
(6) Average 6-minute opacity level. The data obtained from your continuous opacity monitoring system are not used to determine compliance with the limit on opacity emissions.
(b) If the results of your annual stack tests (as recorded in §60.1845(a)) show emissions above the limits specified in table 2 or 4 of this subpart as applicable for dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride, and fugitive ash, include a copy of the test report that documents the emission levels and your corrective actions.
(c) For municipal waste combustion units that apply activated carbon to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, include two items:
(1) Documentation of all dates when the 8-hour block average carbon feed rate (calculated from the carbon injection system operating parameter) is less than the highest carbon feed rate established during the most recent mercury and dioxins/furans stack test (as specified in §60.1855(a)(1)). Include four items:
(i) Eight-hour average carbon feed rate.
(ii) Reasons for occurrences of low carbon feed rates.
(iii) The corrective actions you have taken to meet the carbon feed rate requirement.
(iv) The calendar date.
(2) Documentation of each quarter when total carbon purchased and delivered to the municipal waste combustion plant is less than the total required quarterly usage of carbon. If you choose to evaluate total carbon purchased and delivered on a municipal waste combustion unit basis, record the total carbon purchased and delivered for each individual municipal waste combustion unit at your plant. Include five items:
(i) Amount of carbon purchased and delivered to the plant.
(ii) Required quarterly usage of carbon.
(iii) Reasons for not meeting the required quarterly usage of carbon.
(iv) The corrective actions you have taken to meet the required quarterly usage of carbon.
(v) The calendar date.
(a) If the Administrator agrees, you may change the semiannual or annual reporting dates.
(b) See §60.19(c) for procedures to seek approval to change your reporting date.
Yard waste is grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and clippings from bushes and shrubs. They come from residential, commercial/retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of maintaining yards or other private or public lands. Yard waste does not include two items:
(a) Construction, renovation, and demolition wastes that are exempt from the definition of “municipal solid waste” in §60.1940.
(b) Clean wood that is exempt from the definition of “municipal solid waste” in §60.1940.
(a) By 180 days after your final compliance date, you must meet two limits:
(a) Use EPA Reference Method 9 in appendix A of this part to determine compliance with the opacity limit.
(b) Conduct an initial test for opacity as specified in §60.8.
(c) After the initial test for opacity, conduct annual tests no more than 13 calendar months following the date of your previous test.
(a) Provide a notice of construction that includes four items:
(1) Your intent to construct the air curtain incinerator.
(2) Your planned initial startup date.
(3) Types of fuels you plan to combust in your air curtain incinerator.
(4) The capacity of your incinerator, including supporting capacity calculations, as specified in §60.1935(d) and (e).
(b) Keep records of results of all opacity tests onsite in either paper copy or electronic format unless the Administrator approves another format.
(c) Keep all records for each incinerator for at least 5 years.
(d) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator or for onsite review by an inspector.
(e) Submit the results (each 6-minute average) of the opacity tests by February 1 of the year following the year of the opacity emission test.
(f) Submit reports as a paper copy on or before the applicable submittal date. If the Administrator agrees, you may submit reports on electronic media.
(g) If the Administrator agrees, you may change the annual reporting dates (see §60.19(c)).
(h) Keep a copy of all reports onsite for a period of 5 years.
C7% = concentration corrected to 7 percent oxygen.
Air curtain incinerator means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of that type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor.
Calendar year means 365 (or 366 consecutive days in leap years) consecutive days starting on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Chief facility operator means the person in direct charge and control of the operation of a municipal waste combustion unit. That person is responsible for daily onsite supervision, technical direction, management, and overall performance of the municipal waste combustion unit.
Class I units mean small municipal waste combustion units subject to this subpart that are located at municipal waste combustion plants with an aggregate plant combustion capacity greater than 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste. See the definition in this section of “municipal waste combustion plant capacity” for specification of which units at a plant site are included in the aggregate capacity calculation.
Class II units mean small municipal combustion units subject to this subpart that are located at municipal waste combustion plants with aggregate plant combustion capacity less than or equal to 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste. See the definition in this section of “municipal waste combustion plant capacity” for specification of which units at a plant site are included in the aggregate capacity calculation.
(1) “Yard waste,” which is defined elsewhere in this section.
(2) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes (for example, railroad ties and telephone poles) that are exempt from the definition of “municipal solid waste” in this section.
Co-fired combustion unit means a unit that combusts municipal solid waste with nonmunicipal solid waste fuel (for example, coal, industrial process waste). To be considered a co-fired combustion unit, the unit must be subject to a federally enforceable permit that limits it to combusting a fuel feed stream which is 30 percent or less (by weight) municipal solid waste as measured each calendar quarter.
Dioxins/furans mean tetra-through octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans.
Effective date of State plan approval means the effective date that the EPA approves the State plan. The Federal Register specifies the date in the notice that announces EPA's approval of the State plan.
(1) 12:00 midnight to 8:00 a.m.
(2) 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.
(3) 4:00 p.m. to 12:00 midnight.
(1) 12:00 midnight to 4:00 a.m.
(2) 4:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m.
(3) 8:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon.
(4) 12:00 noon to 4:00 p.m.
(5) 4:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.
(6) 8:00 p.m. to 12:00 midnight.
Mass burn refractory municipal waste combustion unit means a field-erected municipal waste combustion unit that combusts municipal solid waste in a refractory wall furnace. Unless otherwise specified, that includes municipal waste combustion units with a cylindrical rotary refractory wall furnace.
Medical/infectious waste means any waste meeting the definition of “medical/infectious waste” in §60.51c.
Mixed fuel-fired (pulverized coal/refuse-derived fuel) combustion unit means a combustion unit that combusts coal and refuse-derived fuel simultaneously, in which pulverized coal is introduced into an air stream that carries the coal to the combustion chamber of the unit where it is combusted in suspension. That includes both conventional pulverized coal and micropulverized coal.
Modification or modified municipal waste combustion unit means a municipal waste combustion unit you have changed after June 6, 2001 and that meets one of two criteria:
(1) The cumulative cost of the changes over the life of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the unit (not including the cost of land) updated to current costs.
(2) Any physical change in the municipal waste combustion unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the emission level of any air pollutant for which new source performance standards have been established under section 129 or section 111 of the CAA. Increases in the emission level of any air pollutant are determined when the municipal waste combustion unit operates at 100 percent of its physical load capability and are measured downstream of all air pollution control devices. Load restrictions based on permits or other nonphysical operational restrictions cannot be considered in the determination.
Municipal waste combustion plant means one or more municipal waste combustion units at the same location as specified under Applicability of State Plans (§60.1550(a)).
Municipal waste combustion plant capacity means the aggregate municipal waste combustion capacity of all municipal waste combustion units at the plant that are not subject to subparts Ea, Eb, or AAAA of this part.
(1) Municipal waste combustion units do not include pyrolysis or combustion units located at a plastics or rubber recycling unit as specified under Applicability of State Plans (§60.1555(h) and (i)). Municipal waste combustion units do not include cement kilns that combust municipal solid waste as specified under Applicability of State Plans (§60.1555(j)). Municipal waste combustion units also do not include internal combustion engines, gas turbines, or other combustion devices that combust landfill gases collected by landfill gas collection systems.
Particulate matter means total particulate matter emitted from municipal waste combustion units as measured using EPA Reference Method 5 in appendix A of this part and the procedures specified in §60.1790.
Plastics or rubber recycling unit means an integrated processing unit for which plastics, rubber, or rubber tires are the only feed materials (incidental contaminants may be in the feed materials). The feed materials are processed and marketed to become input feed stock for chemical plants or petroleum refineries. The following three criteria further define a plastics or rubber recycling unit:
(1) Each calendar quarter, the combined weight of the feed stock that a plastics or rubber recycling unit produces must be more than 70 percent of the combined weight of the plastics, rubber, and rubber tires that recycling unit processes.
(2) The plastics, rubber, or rubber tires fed to the recycling unit may originate from separating or diverting plastics, rubber, or rubber tires from municipal or industrial solid waste. The feed materials may include manufacturing scraps, trimmings, and off-specification plastics, rubber, and rubber tire discards.
(3) The plastics, rubber, and rubber tires fed to the recycling unit may contain incidental contaminants (for example, paper labels on plastic bottles or metal rings on plastic bottle caps).
(1) The reconstruction begins after June 6, 2001.
(2) The cumulative cost of the construction over the life of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the municipal waste combustion unit (not including land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the municipal waste combustion unit used to calculate the costs, see the definition in this section of “municipal waste combustion unit.”
Refuse-derived fuel means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste through shredding and size classification. That includes all classes of refuse-derived fuel including two fuels:
State plan means a plan submitted pursuant to sections 111(d) and 129(b)(2) of the CAA and subpart B of this part, that implements and enforces this subpart.
Total mass dioxins/furans or total mass means the total mass of tetra-through octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans as determined using EPA Reference Method 23 in appendix A of this part and the procedures specified in §60.1790.
(1) Construction, renovation, and demolition wastes that are exempt from the definition of “municipal solid waste” in this section.
(2) Clean wood that is exempt from the definition of “municipal solid waste” in this section.
1. All Class I unitsa b (Dates to be specified in State plan) (Dates to be specified in State plan) (Dates to be specified in State plan) (Dates to be specified in State plan) (Dates to be specified in State plan).c d
2. All Class II unitsa e (Dates to be specified in State plan) Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable (Dates to be specified in State plan).c
aPlant specific schedules can be used at the discretion of the State.
bClass I units mean small municipal waste combustion units subject to this subpart that are located at municipal waste combustion plants with an aggregate plant combustion capacity greater than 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste. See §60.1940 for definitions.
cThe date can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of State plan approval or December 6, 2005.
dFor Class I units that began construction, reconstruction, or modification after June 26, 1987, comply with the dioxins/furans and mercury limits by the later of two dates:
eClass II units mean all small municipal combustion units subject to this subpart that are located at municipal waste combustion plants with aggregate plant combustion capacity less than or equal to 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste. See §60.1940 for definitions.
You must meet the following emission limitsb
aClass I units mean small municipal waste combustion units subject to this subpart that are located at municipal waste combustion plants with an aggregate plant combustion capacity greater than 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste. See §60.1940 for definitions.
bAll emission limits (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen.
Table 3 to Subpart BBBB of Part 60—Model Rule—Class I Nitrogen Oxides Emission Limits for Existing Small Municipal Waste Combustion Unitsa b c
1. Mass burn waterwall 200 parts per million by dry volume.
2. Mass burn rotary waterwall 170 parts per million by dry volume.
3. Refuse-derived fuel 250 parts per million by dry volume.
4. Fluidized bed 220 parts per million by dry volume.
5. Mass burn refractory 350 parts per million by dry volume.
6. Modular excess air 190 parts per million by dry volume.
7. Modular starved air 380 parts per million by dry volume.
bNitrogen oxides limits are measured at 7 percent oxygen.
cAll limits are 24-hour daily block arithmetic average concentration. Compliance is determined for Class I units by continuous emission monitoring systems.
Table 4 to Subpart BBBB of Part 60—Model Rule—Class II Emission Limits for Existing Small Municipal Waste Combustion Unita
You must meet the following emission following determine limitsb
Dioxins/Furans (total mass basis) 125 nanorgrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (minimum run duration is 4 hours) Stack test.
Cadmium 0.10 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (run duration specified in test method) Stack test.
Lead 1.6 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (run duration specified in test method) Stack test.
Opacity 10 percent Thirty 6-minute average Stack test.
Particulate Matter 70 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter 3-run average (run duration specified in test method) Stack test.
Hydrogen Chloride 250 parts per million by volume -or- 3-run average (minimum run duration is 1 hour) Stack test.
Sulfur Dioxide 77 parts per million by dry volume -or-
50 percent reduction of potential sulfur dioxides emissions 24-hour daily block geometric average concentration -or- percent reduction Continuous emission monitoring system.
aClass II units mean all small municipal combustion units subject to this subpart that are located at municipal waste combustion plants with aggregate plant combustion capacity less than or equal to 250 tons per day of municipal solid waste. See §60.1940 for definitions.
cNo monitoring, testing, recordkeeping or reporting is required to demonstrate compliance with the nitrogen oxides limit for Class II units.
You must meet the following carbon monoxide limitsa
Using the following averaging timesb
1. Fluidized bed 100 parts per million by dry volume 4-hour.
2. Fluidized bed, mixed fuel, (wood/refuse-derived fuel) 200 parts per million by dry volume 24-hourc.
3. Mass burn rotary refractory 100 parts per million by dry volume 4-hour.
4. Mass burn rotary waterwall 250 parts per million by dry volume 24-hour.
5. Mass burn waterwall and refractory 100 parts per million by dry volume 4-hour.
6. Mixed fuel-fired, (pulverized coal/refuse-derived fuel) 150 parts per million by dry volume 4-hour.
7. Modular starved-air and excess air 50 parts per million by dry volume 4-hour.
8. Spreader stoker, mixed fuel-fired (coal/refuse-derived fuel) 200 parts per million by dry volume 24-hour daily.
9. Stoker, refuse-derived fuel 200 parts per million by dry volume 24-hour daily.
aAll emission limits (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen. Compliance is determined by continuous emission monitoring systems.
bBlock averages, arithmetic mean. See §60.1940 for definitions.
c24-hour block average, geometric mean.
1. Nitrogen Oxides (Class I units only)a Method 7, 7A, 7B,7C, 7D, or 7E Method 3 or 3A.
2. Sulfur Dioxide Method 6 or 6C Method 3 or 3A.
3. Carbon Monoxide Method 10, 10A, or 10B Method 3 or 3A.
Use the following span values for CEMS
Use the following performance specifications in appendix B of this part for your CEMS
1. Opacity 100 percent opacity P.S. 1 Method 9.
2. Nitrogen Oxides (Class I units only) Control device outlet: 125 percent of the maximum expected hourly potential nitrogen oxides emissions of the municipal waste combustion unit P.S. 2 Method 7E.
3. Sulfur Dioxide Inlet to control device: 125 percent of the maximum expected hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the municipal waste combustion unit P.S. 2 Method 6C.
Control device outlet: 50 percent of the maximum expected hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the municipal waste combustion unit
4. Carbon Monoxide 125 percent of the maximum expected hourly potential carbon monoxide emissions of the municipal waste combustion unit P.S. 4A Method 10 with alternative interference trap.
5. Oxygen or Carbon Dioxide 25 percent oxygen or 25 percent carbon dioxide P.S. 3 Method 3A or 3B.
Dioxins/Furans Method 1 Method 23a The minimum sampling time must be 4 hours per test run while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.
Cadmium Method 1 Method 29a Compliance testing must be performed while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.
Lead Method 1 Method 29a Compliance testing must be performed while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.
Mercury Method 1 Method 29a Compliance testing must be performed while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.
Opacity Method 9 Method 9 Use Method 9 to determine compliance with opacity limits. 3-hour observation period (thirty 6-minute averages).
Particulate Matter Method 1 Method 5 or 29 The minimum sample volume must be 1.0 cubic meters. The probe and filter holder heating systems in the sample train must be set to provide a gas temperature no greater than 160 ±14 °C. The minimum sampling time is 1 hour.
3. Acid Gasesb
Hydrogen Chloride Method 1 Method 26 or 26Aa Test runs must be at least 1 hour long while the municipal waste combustion unit is operating at full load.
4. Otherb
Fugitive Ash Not applicable Method 22 (visible emissions) The three 1-hour observation period must include periods when the facility transfers fugitive ash from the municipal waste combustion unit to the area where the fugitive ash is stored or loaded into containers or trucks.
aMust simultaneously measure oxygen (or carbon dioxide) using Method 3A or 3B in appendix A of this part.
bUse CEMS to test sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide. Stack tests are not required except for quality assurance requirements in appendix F of this part.