Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2692784C2/en
Timestamp: 2019-08-22 22:24:55
Document Index: 406599828

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 12', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 12', 'art 25', 'art 25', 'art 11']

RU2692784C2 - Aerosol-generating system having heater assembly, and cartridge for an aerosol-generating system having liquid-permeable heater assembly - Google Patents
Aerosol-generating system having heater assembly, and cartridge for an aerosol-generating system having liquid-permeable heater assembly Download PDF
RU2692784C2
RU2692784C2 RU2016136343A RU2016136343A RU2692784C2 RU 2692784 C2 RU2692784 C2 RU 2692784C2 RU 2016136343 A RU2016136343 A RU 2016136343A RU 2016136343 A RU2016136343 A RU 2016136343A RU 2692784 C2 RU2692784 C2 RU 2692784C2
RU2016136343A
RU2016136343A (en
RU2016136343A3 (en
Рюи Нуно Батиста
2014-02-10 Priority to EP14154553.3 priority Critical
2014-02-10 Priority to EP14154553 priority
2014-12-15 Application filed by Филип Моррис Продактс С.А. filed Critical Филип Моррис Продактс С.А.
2014-12-15 Priority to PCT/EP2014/077843 priority patent/WO2015117704A1/en
2018-03-15 Publication of RU2016136343A publication Critical patent/RU2016136343A/en
2018-11-15 Publication of RU2016136343A3 publication Critical patent/RU2016136343A3/ru
2019-06-27 Publication of RU2692784C2 publication Critical patent/RU2692784C2/en
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cartridge for use in an electrically controlled system which generates an aerosol, which comprises a liquid storage portion, comprising a rigid body holding the aerosol-forming liquid substrate, housing has opening; and a liquid-permeable heater assembly, comprising a plurality of electrically conductive threads having diameter of 8 mcm to 100 mcm, wherein the liquid-permeable heater assembly is attached to the housing and extends across the housing opening, wherein the heater assembly is substantially flat.
EFFECT: technical result consists in providing reliability.
16 cl, 29 dwg
The present invention relates to aerosol-generating systems that contain a heater assembly that is suitable for evaporating a liquid. In particular, the invention relates to hand-held aerosol-generating systems, such as electrically controlled smoking systems.
One type of aerosol generating system is an electrically controlled smoking system. Known hand held electrically controlled smoking systems consisting of a part of a device comprising a battery and control electronics, and a part of a cartridge containing a source of supply of a substrate forming an aerosol and an electrically controlled evaporator. A cartridge containing both the source of the substrate that forms the aerosol and the evaporator is sometimes called a “spray cartridge”. The evaporator, as a rule, contains a coil of heater wire wound on an elongated wick, impregnated with a liquid substrate forming an aerosol. Part of the cartridge, as a rule, contains not only the source of the substrate, forming an aerosol, and an electrically controlled evaporator, but also a mouthpiece, through which, when used, the user draws in to retract the aerosol into his mouth.
However, this arrangement has the disadvantage that the cartridges are relatively expensive to produce. This is because making the wick and coil assembly is difficult. Also, the electrical contacts between the coil of the heater wire and the electrical contacts through which electrical current is supplied from a part of the device must be carefully processed during manufacture. In addition, these cartridges include a mouthpiece to protect the non-rigid wick and coil assembly during transport. But the inclusion of a complete and reliable mouthpiece in each cartridge means that each cartridge will have high material costs.
It is necessary to provide a heater assembly suitable for an aerosol generating system, such as a hand held electrically controlled smoking system that is inexpensive to manufacture and reliable. Additionally, it is necessary to provide a heater assembly that is more efficient than previous heater assemblies in aerosol generating systems.
In a first aspect, an aerosol generating system is provided, including:
part for storing the liquid, comprising a housing that holds a liquid substrate forming an aerosol, and the housing has an opening; and
a fluid permeable heater assembly comprising a plurality of electrically conductive threads, wherein the fluid permeable heater assembly is attached to the housing and extends across the housing opening.
Providing a complete heater assembly that extends across the opening of the liquid storage portion provides a robust design that is relatively simple to manufacture. This arrangement provides a large contact area between the heater assembly and the liquid substrate forming the aerosol. The hull may be a rigid hull. In this context, "hard case" means a self-supporting case. The rigid body of the fluid storage portion preferably provides mechanical support for the heater assembly. The heater assembly may be substantially flat, which allows for easy fabrication. In this context, “substantially flat” means originally formed in one plane and not wrapped around or otherwise adapted to conform to a curved or other non-planar shape. Geometrically, the term "substantially flat" arrangement of electrically conductive filaments is used to designate an arrangement of electrically conductive filaments, which has the form of a substantially two-dimensional topological manifold. Thus, the substantially flat arrangement of electrically conductive filaments continues in two dimensions along the surface substantially further than in the third dimension. In particular, the dimensions of the essentially flat layout of the threads in two dimensions within the surface are at least 5 times the size in the third dimension, perpendicular to the surface. An example of a substantially flat layout of threads is a structure between two essentially imaginary parallel surfaces, while the distance between these two imaginary surfaces is essentially less than the length within the planes. In some embodiments, the implementation of the essentially flat layout of the threads is planar. In other embodiments, the implementation of the essentially flat layout of the threads is curved along one or more dimensions, for example, forming a dome-shaped shape or a bridge shape.
The term "thread" is used throughout this description to refer to an electrical path located between two electrical contacts. The thread can arbitrarily branched and divided into several paths or threads, respectively, or several electrical paths can converge into one path. The thread may have a round, square, flat or any other cross-section. The thread can be located in a straight or curved shape.
The term “thread arrangement” is used throughout this specification to designate the arrangement of one or, preferably, a plurality of threads. The arrangement of the threads may be a matrix of threads, for example, arranged parallel to each other. Preferably, the threads can form a grid. The mesh can be woven or non-woven.
The flat heater assembly can be easily processed during manufacture and provides robust construction.
The system may advantageously comprise a device and a cartridge that is removably connected to the device, with the liquid storage part and the heater assembly being provided in the cartridge and the device comprising a power source. Cartridge production can be low-cost, reliable and massive. In this context, a cartridge “detachably connected” to a device means that the cartridge and the device can be connected and disconnected from each other without significant damage to both the device and the cartridge.
The system may be an electrically controlled smoking system.
Electrically conductive filaments may be in the same plane. The flat heater assembly can be easily processed during manufacture and provides robust construction.
Electrically conductive filaments can form gaps between themselves, and these gaps can have a width of 10 microns to 100 microns. Preferably, the filaments create a capillary effect in the gaps, so that when used, the liquid to be evaporated is drawn into the gaps, increasing the contact area between the assembled heater and the liquid.
Electrically conductive filaments can form a mesh size of from 160 to 600 mesh according to the US standard (+/- 10%) (i.e. from 160 to 600 threads per inch (+/- 10%)). The width of the gaps is preferably from 75 μm to 25 μm. The percentage of the open area of the grid, which is the ratio of the area of the gaps to the total area of the grid, is preferably between 25% and 56%. The mesh can be formed using various types of woven or lattice structures. Alternatively, electrically conductive filaments consist of a matrix of filaments parallel to each other.
A grid, matrix, or material of electrically conductive filaments can also be characterized by its ability to retain liquid, as is well known in the art.
The electrically conductive filaments may have a diameter of from 10 μm to 100 μm, preferably from 8 μm to 50 μm, and more preferably from 8 μm to 39 μm. The filaments may have a circular cross section or may have a flattened cross section.
The area of the grid, matrix, or material of electrically conductive filaments may be small, preferably less than or equal to 25 mm 2 , allowing it to be embedded in a hand-held system. The grid, matrix or material of electrically conductive filaments may, for example, have a rectangular shape and dimensions of 5 mm by 2 mm. Preferably, the grid or matrix of electrically conductive filaments covers an area of from 10% to 50% of the area of the heater assembly. More preferably, the grid or matrix of electrically conductive filaments covers an area from 15% to 25% of the assembled heater. The use of mesh sizes, matrix or material from electrically conductive filaments, occupying 10% and 50% of the area, or not more than 25 mm 2 , reduces the total power required to heat the mesh, matrix or material from electrically conductive filaments, while still ensuring sufficient contact of the grid, matrix, or material of electrically conductive filaments with a liquid provided by one or more evaporated capillary materials.
Heater threads can be formed by etching sheet material, such as foil. This may be particularly advantageous if the heater assembly contains an array of parallel threads. If the heater assembly contains a mesh or material of filaments, the filaments can be formed separately and knitted together. Alternatively, the heater threads may be stamped from an electrically conductive foil, such as stainless steel.
Heater assembly may be formed from any material with suitable electrical properties. Suitable materials include, among other things: semiconductors such as alloyed ceramics, electrically conductive ceramics (such as, for example, molybdenum disilicide), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials made of a ceramic material and a metallic material. Such composite materials may contain doped or undoped ceramics. Examples of suitable alloyed ceramics include doped silicon carbides. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum and metals from the platinum group. Examples of suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, constantan, nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gallium, manganese. - iron-containing alloys, as well as superalloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, stainless steel, Timetal®, alloys based on iron and aluminum, and alloys based on iron, manganese and aluminum. Timetal® is a registered trademark of Titanium Metals Corporation. Threads can be covered with one or more insulators. The preferred materials for electrically conductive filaments are stainless steel grades 304, 316, 304L, 316L, as well as graphite. In addition, the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments may contain combinations of the above materials. The combination of materials can also be used to improve the control of the resistance of the essentially flat layout of the threads. For example, materials with high intrinsic resistance can be combined with materials with low intrinsic resistance. This may be an advantage if one of the materials is more preferable for other reasons, for example, based on price, workability, or other physical and chemical parameters. Advantageously, a substantially flat arrangement of filaments with increased resistance reduces parasitic losses. Advantageously, high resistivity heaters provide more efficient use of battery energy. The energy of the battery is proportionally divided into the energy lost on the PCB and the contacts and the energy supplied to the arrangement of the electrically conductive filaments. Thus, the energy available for arranging electrically conductive filaments in the heater is, the higher, the higher the resistance of the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments.
In an exemplary embodiment, the substantially flat yarn arrangement may be composed of two types of metal wires that form a wire mesh. In such an embodiment, high resistive wires are preferably oriented in the direction of current flow, for example, wires made of a nickel-chromium alloy. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the low resistance wires are arranged substantially perpendicular to the wires with high electrical resistance. For example, low-resistance wires may be stainless steel wires. Advantageously, relatively cheaper wires with low resistance form a support for wires with high electrical resistance. In addition, wires with high electrical resistance tend to be less flexible than stainless steel wires, and so they can easily be made into thin wires. Therefore, in such an advantageous embodiment of the invention, relatively thick wires with high electrical resistance are combined with thin stainless steel wires with low electrical resistance, with the added advantage that thinner stainless steel wires improve the wetting of the essentially flat yarn arrangement due to increased capillary forces.
Alternatively, the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments may be formed from a fabric of carbon filaments. Carbon yarn fabric has the advantage that it is generally more cost effective than high resistivity metal heaters. Also, the fabric of carbon threads, as a rule, is more flexible than metal mesh. Another advantage is that the contact between the carbon yarn fabric and the transport medium, such as a material with high releasing ability, can be well maintained during assembly of the fluid-permeable heater assembly.
Reliable contact between a fluid-permeable heater assembly and a transport medium, such as a capillary transport medium, such as a wick made from fibers or porous ceramic material, improves the continuous wetting of the fluid-permeable heater assembly. This advantageously reduces the possibility of overheating of the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments and the spontaneous thermal decomposition of the fluid.
The heater assembly may comprise an electrically insulating substrate on which the filaments are supported. An electrically insulating substrate may contain any suitable material, and it is preferable that this material be able to withstand high temperatures (in excess of 300 degrees Celsius) and abrupt temperature changes. An example of a suitable material is a polyimide film, such as Kapton®. An electrically insulating substrate may have an aperture formed in it with electrically conductive threads extending across the aperture. The heater assembly may contain electrical contacts connected to electrically conductive filaments. For example, electrical contacts may be glued, welded, or mechanically attached to an arrangement of electrically conductive filaments. Alternatively, the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments may be printed on an electrically insulating substrate, for example, using metallic ink. In such an arrangement, the electrically insulating substrate is preferably a porous material, so that the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments can be directly applied to the surface of the porous material. Preferably, in such an embodiment, the porosity of the substrate serves as a “hole” of an electrically insulating substrate through which liquid can be drawn in the direction of the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments.
The electrical resistance of the grid, matrix or material of electrically conductive filaments of the heater element is preferably from 0.3 Ohm to 4 Ohm. More preferably, the electrical resistance of the grid, matrix, or material of electrically conductive filaments is between 0.5 ohms and 3 ohms, and even more preferably about 1 ohm. The electrical resistance of the grid, matrix or material of electrically conductive filaments is preferably at least an order of magnitude and more preferably at least two orders of magnitude greater than the electrical resistance of the contact parts. This ensures the localization of heat generated by the passage of current through a heater element on a grid or matrix of electrically conductive filaments. Low total resistance of the heater element is advantageous if the system is powered by a battery. The system with low resistance and high current provides the ability to supply high power to the heater element. This provides a quick heating element of the heater electrically conductive threads to the required temperature.
The first and second parts of the electrically conductive contact can be directly attached to the electrically conductive filaments. The contact portions may be located between the electrically conductive filaments and the electrically insulating substrate. For example, parts of the contact can be formed from copper foil that is deposited on an insulating substrate. Parts of the contact can also be more simply connected to the filaments than the insulating substrate.
Alternatively, the first and second parts of the electrically conductive contact may be integral with the electrically conductive filaments. For example, a heater element may be formed by etching a conductive sheet to provide a plurality of filaments between the two contact portions.
The heater assembly may contain at least one filament made of the first material and at least one filament made of a second material different from the first material. This may be beneficial for electrical or mechanical reasons. For example, one or more filaments can be formed from a material whose resistance varies greatly with temperature, such as an alloy of iron and aluminum. This makes it possible to use the magnitude of the resistance of the filaments to determine temperature or temperature changes. This can be used in a puff detection system and to control the temperature of the heater to maintain it within the required temperature range. Sudden temperature changes can also be used as indicators to detect changes in air flow after the heater assembly as a result of user pulling out of the system.
The housing of the liquid storage part preferably contains capillary material. Capillary material is a material that actively transfers fluid from one end of the material to the other. The capillary material is preferably oriented in the housing in such a way as to transfer fluid to the heater assembly.
The capillary material may have a fibrous or spongy structure. The capillary material preferably contains a bundle of capillaries. For example, a capillary material may contain a multitude of fibers or filaments or other thin tubes with channels. Fibers or filaments can, in general, be aligned to transfer fluid to the heater. Alternatively, the capillary material may contain a spongy or foamy material. The structure of the capillary material forms a multitude of small channels or tubes through which liquid can be transported through capillary action. The capillary material may contain any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials are sponge or foam material, materials based on ceramics or graphite in the form of fibers or sintered powders, foamed metal or plastic material, fibrous material, for example, made from woven or extruded fibers, such as cellulose acetate, polyester, or related polyolefin , polyethylene, polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers or ceramics. Capillary material can have any suitable capillarity and porosity in order to use it with fluids with different physical properties. The fluid has physical properties, including, among other things, viscosity, surface tension, density, thermal conductivity, boiling point and vapor pressure, which provide the ability to transport fluid through a capillary device due to capillary action.
The capillary material may be in contact with electrically conductive filaments. Capillary material may continue within the spaces between the filaments. The heater assembly may draw in a liquid substrate forming an aerosol into the gaps due to capillary action. The capillary material may be in contact with electrically conductive filaments substantially throughout the opening. In one embodiment, the capillary material in contact with the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments may be a filament wick. Preferably, the filamentous wick has a first section and a second section, wherein the first section is located substantially perpendicular to the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments, reaching the portion for storing the liquid of the cartridge. Preferably, the second section of the filament wick is arranged substantially parallel to the arrangement of the electrically conductive filaments. Preferably, the filament wick threads are continuous from the first section of the filament wick to the second section of the filament wick. This ensures rapid transport of fluid in the direction of the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments through the first section of the filament wick and at the same time the rapid distribution throughout the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments through the second section of the filamentous wick. This advantageously provides for continuous wetting of the entire arrangement of electrically conductive filaments. Continuous wetting can prevent overheating and spontaneous decomposition of the fluid due to overheating.
Preferably, the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments comprises at least several filaments made of alloys or coated with films that are sensitive to the presence of a liquid, such as water. This provides detection of wetting of the arrangement of electrically conductive filaments, for example, by connecting sensitive wires to a circuit that monitors the electrical resistance of the wires and stops the heater operation or lowers the electrical current in case of detection of a dry contact boundary. This advantageously enhances the safety of the aerosol generating system. In one embodiment, the filaments that are used to detect wetting are stainless steel wires that are coated with films of indium nitride (InN) or alumina (Al 2 O 3 ). When used, a liquid, such as water, reduces the number of electrons on such film surfaces and maintains a high electrical resistivity of the film until the film surface becomes dry. Then the resistivity quickly falls. A drop in resistivity is detected by the connected circuitry.
Advantageously, the heater assembly and the capillary material may be of such a size as to have approximately the same area. In this context, “approximately” means that the area of the heater assembly can exceed the area of the capillary material by 0-15%. The shape of the heater assembly can also be similar to the shape of a capillary material, so that the heater assembly and material essentially overlap. If the heater assembly and the material are substantially similar in size and shape, fabrication can be simplified, and the reliability of the manufacturing process is improved. As discussed further, the capillary material may include two or more capillary materials, including one or more layers of capillary material that are in direct contact with the grid, matrix, or material from the electrically conductive heater assemblies to facilitate aerosol generation. Capillary materials may include the materials described in this document.
At least one of the capillary materials may have sufficient volume to ensure that there is a minimum amount of liquid in the specified capillary material to prevent "dry heat", which occurs if insufficient amount of liquid is provided to the capillary material in contact with the grid, matrix electrically conductive filaments. The minimum amount of the specified capillary material can be provided to ensure 20-40 puffs by the user. The average volume of liquid evaporating during a puff, from 1 to 4 seconds long, is usually 1-4 mg of liquid. Thus, providing at least one capillary material having a volume to hold 20-160 mg of a liquid containing a liquid substrate forming an aerosol can prevent dry heating.
The housing may contain two or more different capillary materials, with the first capillary material being in contact with the heater element having a higher thermal decomposition temperature, and the second capillary material being in contact with the first capillary material but not being in contact with the element heater, has a lower thermal decomposition temperature. The first capillary material effectively acts as a separator, separating the heater element from the second capillary material, so that the second capillary material is not exposed to temperatures above its temperature of thermal decomposition. In this context, “thermal decomposition temperature” means the temperature at which a material begins to decompose and lose mass as a result of the formation of gaseous products. The second capillary material may advantageously occupy a larger volume than the first capillary material, and may hold a larger amount of substrate forming an aerosol than the first capillary material. The second capillary material may have better capillary properties than the first capillary material. The second capillary material may be cheaper than the first capillary material. The second capillary material may be polypropylene.
The first capillary material can separate the heater assembly from the second capillary material with a distance of at least 1.5 mm and preferably from 1.5 mm to 2 mm in order to ensure a sufficient reduction in temperature behind the first capillary material.
The liquid storage part may be located on the first side of the electrically conductive filaments, and the air flow channel is located on the opposite side of the electrically conductive filaments relative to the liquid storage portion, so that the air flow after the electrically conductive filaments involves the evaporated liquid substrate forming the aerosol.
In addition to the electric heater assembly, which is located in close proximity or is in contact with the transport medium for the liquid, the aerosol generating system may include at least one additional electric heater assembly that is in operative connection with the liquid storage part. An optional electric heater assembly that is in operative connection with the fluid storage portion may increase the flow rate of the fluid storage portion. This is particularly advantageous if the liquid storage part contains a high retention medium in which the liquid is stored. It is advantageous to use a medium with a high retention capacity for storing a liquid in a part for storing a liquid. For example, using a high retention medium reduces the chance of leakage. In the event of a breakdown or cracking in the cartridge housing, spilled fluid may result in unintended contact with active electrical components and biological tissues. However, since the fluid is attracted due to the wettability forces to the surface of the medium with high holding capacity, a significant leakage of fluid is less likely compared to tanks filled with free fluid in the case of mechanical cracks in the cartridge body. However, since a medium with a high retention capacity will mainly retain at least some of the liquid, it in turn will not be available to create an aerosol. Advantageously, the provision of additional heating units increases the ratio of the flow rate of the liquid storage part, i.e. the ratio between the amount of liquid removed from the liquid storage part and the amount of liquid that cannot be removed from the liquid storage part.
Preferably, the additional electric heater assembly is located adjacent to areas of high containment environment that are less likely to be exhausted by the primary electric heater assembly, for example, most areas of high containment environment most distant from the first electric heater assembly. Preferably, the additional electrical heater assembly is located on the bottom wall of the housing, i.e., on the wall opposite to the electrical heater assembly. Alternatively or additionally, the optional electric heater assembly is located on the side wall of the housing.
Preferably, the additional electric heater assembly is controlled to be activated only when necessary, for example, if a decrease in fluid flow is detected. For example, the optional electric heater assembly may be activated when a decrease in the wetting level of the first electric heater assembly is detected.
Alternatively or additionally, the housing has an internal non-cylindrical, for example, conical shape, so that the wider section of the internal non-cylindrical shape is directed in the direction of the electric heater assembly, and the internal smaller section extends in the opposite direction. This provides an increase in the relevance of gravitational forces acting on the fluid to move the fluid in the direction of the electric heater assembly, in particular if the aerosol generating system is essentially in horizontal orientation. Horizontal orientation is an orientation in which the electric heater assembly is substantially at the same vertical level with the liquid storage portion. This horizontal orientation is typical during use of the aerosol generating system.
Alternatively or additionally, the cartridge containing the electric heater assembly and housing is located in the aerosol generating system, so that the electrical heater assembly is located across the opening of the housing on the side of the fluid storage part remote from the mouthpiece of the aerosol generating system. This may be beneficial for the aerosol flow channel within the aerosol generating system. For example, in the vertical layout of the aerosol generating system, the mouthpiece is at the top and the casing is located in an inverted position, that is, the liquid is located above the electric heater assembly. In such an embodiment, instead of withstanding the gravitational forces, the gravitational forces contribute to the capillary forces to move the fluid in the direction of the electric heater assembly.
Preferably, the housing comprises two elements, wherein the first element is a cover and the second element is a reservoir, wherein the cover closes the reservoir. Preferably, in accordance with the invention, the cover contains or is in direct contact with the heater assembly. Preferably, the reservoir contains a liquid and, in the presence of the first capillary material or both the first and second capillary materials. Preferably, the lid material is made of a material with a high thermal decomposition temperature, such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or Kapton®. Preferably, the lid has a size sufficient to separate the tank from the heater assembly with a distance of at least 1.5 mm and preferably from 1.5 mm to 2 mm in order to ensure a sufficient reduction in temperature behind the lid. Advantageously, in such an embodiment, the reservoir material may be made of a more cost-effective material with a lower thermal decomposition temperature, such as, for example, polyethylene or polypropylene.
The air inlet may, for example, be located in the main body of the system. Ambient air is directed to the system, the heating element continues at the far end of the cartridge and involves an aerosol formed by heating the substrate forming the aerosol in the cartridge. The aerosol containing air can then be directed along the cartridge between the cartridge body and the main body to the downstream end of the system where it mixes with ambient air from the additional flow path (either before or after reaching the downstream end).
The inlet of the second channel located in the area of the far end of the cartridge housing may also be provided in an alternative system in which the heating element is located at the proximal end of the cartridge. The second flow path can not only continue outside the cartridge, but also through the cartridge. Then, ambient air enters the cartridge through the half-open wall of the cartridge, continues through the cartridge, and exits the cartridge by passing through a heating element located at the proximal end of the cartridge. Therefore, ambient air can continue through the substrate forming the aerosol, or through one or more channels located in the solid substrate forming the aerosol, so that the surrounding air does not continue through the substrate itself, but continues through the channels next to the substrate.
To ensure that ambient air enters the cartridge, at least one half-open inlet is provided on the wall of the cartridge housing, preferably the wall opposite the heating element, preferably the bottom wall. A half-open inlet ensures air is entering the cartridge, but neither air nor liquid comes out of the cartridge through the half-open inlet. A semi-open inlet may, for example, be a semi-permeable membrane, permeable only to air in one direction, but impermeable to air and liquid in the opposite direction. A semi-open inlet may also be, for example, a one-way valve. Preferably, the half-open inlets allow air to pass through the inlet only if specific conditions are met, for example, the minimum pressure drop in the cartridge or the amount of air passing through the valve or diaphragm.
Such one-way valves may be, for example, commercially available valves, such as, for example, used in medical devices, for example, LMS Mediflow One-Way, LMS SureFlow One-Way or LMS Check Valves. Suitable membranes for use with a cartridge having an air flow through the cartridge are, for example, vented membranes that are used in medical devices, for example, Qosina Ref. 11066, ventilated cover with a hydrophobic filter or valves that are used in baby bottles. These valves and membranes can be made of any material suitable for applications in electrically heated smoking systems. Materials suitable for medical devices and FDA approved materials may be used; for example, graphene having very high mechanical resistance and heat resistance within a wide range of temperatures. Preferably, the valves are made of soft elastic material to support the impermeable to the fluid inclusion of one or more valves in the wall of the tank body.
The passage of ambient air through the substrate contributes to the formation of an aerosol substrate forming an aerosol. During tightening, there is a decrease in pressure in the cartridge, which can activate the half-open inlets. Then the ambient air continues through the cartridge, preferably a material (HRM) with high retention or high release capacity, or liquid, and crosses the heating element, therefore creating and maintaining the formation of an aerosol from the liquid when the heating element heats the liquid sufficiently. In addition, due to the decrease in pressure that occurs during tightening, the flow of fluid in the transport material, such as the capillary material, to the heating element may be limited. The flow of ambient air through the cartridge can equalize the pressure drops inside the cartridge and, therefore, facilitate free capillary action in the direction of the heating element.
As a supplement or alternative, a half-open inlet may also be provided in one or more side walls of the cartridge housing. The half-open inlets in the side walls provide a side stream of air into the cartridge towards the open top end of the cartridge housing where the heating element is located. Preferably, the side air flows through the substrate, forming an aerosol.
The system may further comprise an electrical circuit connected to the heater assembly and an electrical power source, wherein the electrical circuit is configured to monitor the electrical resistance of the heater assembly or one or more heater threads assembly, and to control the power supply to the heater assembly depending on the electrical resistance of the heater assembly or one or more threads.
The electrical circuit may contain a microprocessor, which may be a programmable microprocessor. The electrical circuit may contain additional electronic components. The electrical circuit can be configured to control the power supply to the heater assembly. Power may be supplied to the heater assembly continuously after activation of the system or may be intermittently supplied, for example, from puff to puff. Power may be supplied to the assembled heater in the form of electrical current pulses.
The system mainly includes a power source, typically a battery, inside the main body portion. Alternatively, the power source may be a different type of charge storage device, such as a capacitor. The power source may require recharging and may have a capacity to accumulate enough energy for one or more smoking sessions; for example, the power source may have sufficient capacity to allow continuous generation of the aerosol for about six minutes or for a period that is a multiple of six minutes. In another example, the power source may have sufficient capacity to allow a predetermined number of puffs or individual activations of the heater assembly to be performed.
Preferably, the aerosol generating system comprises a housing. Preferably, the housing is elongated. The housing may contain any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials include metals, alloys, plastics or composite materials containing one or more of these materials, or thermoplastics suitable for use in the food or pharmaceutical industry, such as polypropylene, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyethylene. Preferably, the material is light and non-brittle.
Preferably, the aerosol generating system is portable. The aerosol generating system may be comparable in size to a traditional cigar or cigarette. The smoking system may have a total length from about 30 mm to about 150 mm. The smoking system may have an outer diameter of from about 5 mm to about 30 mm.
The aerosol forming substrate is a substrate capable of releasing volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. Volatile compounds can be released by heating the substrate forming the aerosol.
The aerosol forming substrate may contain plant material. The aerosol forming substrate may contain tobacco. The aerosol forming substrate may contain tobacco-containing material containing volatile flavoring tobacco compounds that are released from the aerosol-forming substrate when heated. The aerosol forming substrate may alternatively contain non-tobacco material. The aerosol forming substrate may contain homogenized plant material. The aerosol forming substrate may contain homogenized tobacco material. The aerosol forming substrate may contain at least one substance to form an aerosol. The aerosol forming substrate may contain other additives and ingredients, such as flavoring agents.
In a second aspect, a cartridge is provided for use in an electrically controlled aerosol generating system, comprising:
a fluid-permeable heater assembly comprising a plurality of electrically conductive filaments, while the fluid-permeable heater assembly continues across the body opening of the fluid storage portion.
A cartridge with this design can be tough, reliable and low cost. The heater assembly may be substantially flat without the need for any winding of the heater wire around the capillary wick.
Electrically conductive filaments can form a mesh size of from 160 to 600 mesh according to the US standard (+/- 10%) (i.e. from 160 to 600 threads per inch (+/- 10%)). The width of the gaps is preferably from 75 μm to 25 μm. The percentage of the open area of the grid, which is the ratio of the area of the gaps to the total area of the grid, is preferably from 25 to 56%. The mesh can be formed using various types of woven or lattice structures. Alternatively, electrically conductive filaments consist of a matrix of filaments parallel to each other.
The electrically conductive filaments may have a diameter of from 10 μm to 100 μm, preferably from 8 μm to 50 μm, and more preferably from 8 μm to 39 μm. The filaments may have a circular cross section or may have a flattened cross section. Heater threads can be formed by etching sheet material, such as foil. This may be particularly advantageous if the heater assembly contains an array of parallel threads. If the heater assembly contains a mesh or material of filaments, the filaments can be formed separately and knitted together.
The area of the grid, matrix, or material of electrically conductive filaments may be small, preferably less than or equal to 25 mm 2 , allowing it to be embedded in a hand-held system. The grid, matrix or material of electrically conductive filaments may, for example, have a rectangular shape and dimensions of 5 mm by 2 mm. Preferably, the grid or matrix of electrically conductive filaments covers an area of from 10% to 50% of the area of the heater assembly. More preferably, the grid or matrix of electrically conductive filaments covers an area of from 15 to 25% of the area of the heater assembly.
Electrically conductive filaments may comprise any suitable electrically conductive material. The preferred materials for electrically conductive filaments are stainless steel grades 304, 316, 304L, 316L, as well as graphite.
The electrical resistance of the grid, matrix or material of electrically conductive filaments of the heater element is preferably from 0.3 to 4 ohms. More preferably, the electrical resistance of the grid, matrix, or material of electrically conductive filaments is from 0.5 to 3 ohms, and even more preferably about 1 ohm. The electrical resistance of the grid, matrix or material of electrically conductive filaments is preferably at least an order of magnitude and more preferably at least two orders of magnitude greater than the electrical resistance of the contact parts.
The housing of the liquid storage portion may contain capillary material as described in relation to the first aspect. Capillary material may be oriented in the housing in such a way as to transfer fluid to the heater assembly. Capillary material may be in contact with the heater assembly. Capillary material may continue within the spaces between the filaments.
As described in relation to the first aspect, the housing may comprise two or more different capillary materials, wherein the first capillary material in contact with the heater element has a higher thermal decomposition temperature, and the second capillary material in contact with the first capillary material, but not in contact with the heater element, has a lower thermal decomposition temperature. The first capillary material can separate the heater assembly from the second capillary material with a distance of at least 1.5 mm and preferably from 1.5 to 2 mm in order to ensure a sufficient reduction in temperature behind the first capillary material.
As described in relation to the first aspect, the heater assembly may comprise at least one filament made of a first material and at least one filament made of a second material different from the first material.
The heater assembly may comprise an electrically insulating substrate on which the filaments are supported, with the filaments passing across the opening formed in the substrate. The electrically insulating substrate may contain any suitable material, and it is preferable that this material be able to withstand high temperatures (above 300 o C) and abrupt temperature changes. An example of a suitable material is a polyimide film, such as Kapton®.
The heater assembly may contain an electrically conductive contact that is in contact with a plurality of filaments. An electrically conductive contact may be provided between the housing of the liquid storage part and the electrically insulating substrate. An electrically conductive contact may be provided between the filaments and the electrically insulating substrate. The hole may be formed in an electrically insulating layer, and the cartridge may contain two electrically conductive contacts located on opposite sides of the hole relative to each other.
Advantageously, access to an electrically conductive contact is obtained from the outside of the cartridge. The heater assembly may extend laterally and the electrically conductive contact may extend to the side outside the housing of the fluid storage part. Then, the cartridge may be configured to be inserted into the aerosol generating device in a direction perpendicular to the side plane, whereby the electrically conducting contact comes into contact with the electrical contact on the device.
The housing of the liquid storage part may have a substantially cylindrical shape, with the opening being located at one end of the cylinder. The housing of the fluid storage portion may have a substantially circular cross section.
The heater assembly is preferably covered with a removable cover or seal before use. The coating or compaction can protect the substrate from degradation during storage and transportation.
In a preferred embodiment, the cartridge does not contain an electrical power source.
In a third aspect, a method is provided for manufacturing a cartridge for use in an electrically controlled aerosol generating system, comprising:
providing a portion for storing a fluid comprising a housing having an opening;
filling the liquid storage portion with a liquid substrate forming an aerosol; and
attaching the fluid-permeable heater assembly containing a plurality of electrically conductive filaments to the fluid storage portion, while the fluid-permeable heater assembly continues across the opening of the housing of the fluid storage portion.
The step of filling the liquid storage portion may be performed before or after the step of attaching the heater assembly to the liquid storage portion.
The attachment step may, for example, include thermal gluing, gluing or welding the heater assembly and parts for storing the liquid. The liquid storage portion may contain capillary material.
The features described in relation to one aspect may be equally applied to other aspects of the invention. In particular, the features described in relation to the first aspect may be equally applied to the second aspect and the third aspect.
In this context, "electrically conductive" means formed from a material having a resistivity of 1 × 10 -4 Ω · m or less. In this context, "electrically insulating" means formed from a material having a resistivity of 1 × 10 4 Ohm · m or more. In this context, "permeable to liquid" in relation to the heater assembly means that the substrate forming the aerosol in the gaseous phase and possibly in the liquid phase can easily continue through the heater assembly.
Embodiments of the invention will hereinafter be described solely as an example with reference to the accompanying graphic materials on which:
in fig. 1a-1d are schematic illustrations of a system incorporating a cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
in fig. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the locking mechanism for the mouth piece of the system shown in FIG. one;
in fig. 3 is an exploded view of the cartridge shown in FIG. 1a-1d;
in fig. 4 shows an exploded view of an alternative cartridge for use in the system, as shown in FIG. 1a-1d;
in fig. 5a is a bottom perspective view of the cartridge shown in FIG. 2;
in fig. 5b is a top perspective view of the cartridge shown in FIG. 2, with a remote coating;
in fig. 6 is a detailed view of the heater assembly used in the cartridge shown in FIG. 2;
in fig. 7 shows a detailed view of an alternate heater assembly that can be used in the cartridge shown in FIG. 2;
in fig. 8 shows a detailed view of an additional alternative heater assembly that can be used in the cartridge shown in FIG. 2;
in fig. 9 shows a detailed view of another additional alternative heater assembly that can be used in the cartridge shown in FIG. 2;
in fig. 10 shows a detailed view of an alternative mechanism for making electrical contact between the device and the heater assembly;
in fig. 11a-11b illustrate some forms of cartridge body that can be used to ensure proper alignment of the cartridge in the device;
in fig. 12a is a detailed view of the heater filaments showing the meniscus of the liquid substrate forming the aerosol between the filaments;
in fig. 12b is a detailed view of the heater filaments showing the meniscus of the liquid substrate forming the aerosol between the filaments and the capillary material passing between the filaments;
in fig. 13a, 13b, and 13c illustrate alternative methods for making a complete heater assembly in accordance with the invention; and
in fig. 14 illustrates an alternative design of a fluid storage portion including a heater assembly.
FIG. 15a and 15b illustrate additional alternative embodiments of a portion for storing fluid including a heater assembly.
FIG. 16 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the orientation of the flow of air and the cartridge relative to an aerosol generating device.
FIG. Figure 17 shows a cross section of a cartridge system with a high retention material and air passing through the HRM;
in fig. 18 shows a cross-section of another cartridge system with a high retention material and air passing through the cartridge;
in fig. 19 is an exploded view of the cartridge system shown in FIG. 18;
in fig. 20 shows a cross section of the fluid cartridge system and the passage of air through the fluid.
FIG. 1a-1d show schematic illustrations of an aerosol generating system including a cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1a shows a schematic view of an aerosol generating device 10 and a separate cartridge 20, which together form an aerosol generating system. In this example, the aerosol generating system is an electrically controlled smoking system.
The cartridge 20 contains a substrate forming an aerosol, and is adapted to fit into the cavity 18 within the device. The cartridge 20 must be made replaceable by the user if the substrate forming the aerosol provided in the cartridge is exhausted. FIG. 1a shows the cartridge 20 immediately before insertion into the device, with the arrow 1 shown in FIG. 1a indicates the direction of insertion of the cartridge.
The aerosol generating device 10 is portable and has a size comparable to that of a traditional cigar or cigarette. The device 10 contains the main part 11 and the mouth part 12. The main part 11 contains a battery 14, such as a lithium-iron-phosphate battery, control electronics 16 and a cavity 18. The mouth part 12 is connected to the main part 11 by means of a swivel 21 and can be moved between the open position as shown in FIG. 1, and a closed position, as shown in FIG. 1d. The mouthpiece 12 is located in the open position to allow insertion and removal of the cartridges 20 and is located in the closed position when the system is to be used to generate the aerosol, as will be described. The mouthpiece contains a plurality of air inlets 13 and an outlet 15. In use, the user pulls an outlet from the side of the air inlet through the air inlets 13 through the mouthpiece to the air outlet 15 and subsequently into the user's mouth or lungs. Internal partitions 17 are provided in order to force air to flow through the mouth piece 12 past the cartridge, as will be described.
The cavity 18 has a circular cross section and is sized to accommodate the housing 24 of the cartridge 20. The electrical connectors 19 are provided along the sides of the cavity 18 to provide an electrical connection between the control electronics 16 and the battery 14 and the corresponding electrical contacts on the cartridge 20.
FIG. 1b shows the system shown in FIG. 1a, with a cartridge inserted in the cavity 18 and a cover 26 removed. In this position, the electrical connectors are opposite the electrical contacts on the cartridge, as will be described.
FIG. 1c shows the system shown in FIG. 1b, with the cover 26 completely removed and the mouthpiece part 12 moved to the closed position.
FIG. 1d shows the system shown in FIG. 1c, with the mouthpiece part 12 in the closed position. The mouth part 12 is held in the closed position by a locking mechanism, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 2. In FIG. 2 illustrates the main part 11 and the mouthpiece part 12 connected by means of a hinge joint 21. The mouth part 12 contains an inward-passing tooth 8. When the mouth part is in the closed position, the tooth 8 engages a retainer 6 on the main part of the device. The latch 6 is displaced by the bias spring 5 to engage the tooth 8. The button 4 is attached to the latch 6. The button 4 can be pressed by the user in contrast to the bias spring 5 to release the tooth 8 from the latch 6, which allows the mouthpiece to move to the open position. It will now be apparent to those skilled in the art that other suitable mechanisms can be used to hold the mouthpiece in the closed position, such as a snap connection or a magnetic gate.
The mouthpiece 12 in the closed position keeps the cartridge in electrical contact with the electrical connectors 19, so that when used, a good electrical connection is maintained regardless of the orientation of the system. The mouthpiece 12 may include an annular elastomer element that contacts the surface of the cartridge and shrinks between the rigid element of the mouthpiece body and the cartridge when the mouthpiece 12 is in the closed position. This ensures that a good electrical connection is maintained despite manufacturing tolerances.
Of course, as an alternative or addition, other mechanisms may be used to maintain a good electrical connection between the cartridge and the device. For example, the housing 24 of the cartridge 20 may be provided with a thread or groove (not illustrated) that engages with a corresponding groove or thread (not illustrated) formed in the wall of the cavity 18. The threaded connection between the cartridge and the device can be used to ensure proper rotational aligning and holding the cartridge in the cavity and ensuring a good electrical connection. A threaded connection may extend only half a turn or less of a cartridge or may extend several turns. Alternatively or additionally, electrical connectors 19 can be biased to ensure contact with the contacts on the cartridge, as will be described with reference to FIG. eight.
FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of the cartridge 20. The cartridge 20 comprises a generally circular cylindrical body 24, which has the size and shape chosen to fit into the cavity 18. The body contains capillary material 22, which is impregnated with a liquid substrate forming an aerosol. In this example, the aerosol forming substrate contains 39% by weight of glycerin, 39% by weight of propylene glycol, 20% by weight of water and flavorings, and 2% by weight of nicotine. Capillary material is a material that actively transfers fluid from one end to the other, and can be made of any suitable material. In this example, the capillary material is formed from polyester.
The housing has an open end to which the heater assembly is attached 30. The heater assembly 30 contains a substrate 34 having an opening 35 formed therein, a pair of electrical contacts 32 attached to the substrate and separated from each other by a gap 33, and a plurality of electrically conductive filaments 36 heater, filling the hole and attached to the electrical contacts on opposite sides of the hole 35.
The heater assembly 30 is covered with a removable coating 26. The coating contains a liquid-impermeable sheet of plastic that is glued to the heater assembly, but which can be easily removed. A protrusion is provided on the side of the cover to allow the user to take hold of the cover when removing it. It will now be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, although gluing is described as a method of attaching an impermeable sheet of plastic to the heater assembly, other methods known to those skilled in the art, including thermal bonding or ultrasonic welding, may be used. provided that the coating can be easily removed by the consumer.
FIG. 4 shows an exploded view of an alternative exemplary cartridge. The cartridge shown in FIG. 4 has the same size and shape as the cartridge shown in FIG. 3, and has the same housing and heater assembly. However, the capillary material inside the cartridge shown in FIG. 4 differs from the capillary material shown in FIG. 3. The cartridge shown in FIG. 4, contains two separate capillary materials 27, 28. A disc of the first capillary material 27 is provided for contact with a heater element 36, 32 during use. Most of the second capillary material 28 is provided on the opposite side of the first capillary material 27 relative to the heater assembly. Both the first capillary material and the second capillary material retain the liquid substrate forming the aerosol. The first capillary material 27, which is in contact with the heater element, has a higher thermal decomposition temperature (at least 160 ° C or higher, such as about 250 o C) than the second capillary material 28. The first capillary material 27 effectively acts as a separator separating the heater element 36, 32 from the second capillary material 28, so that the second capillary material is not exposed to temperatures exceeding its temperature of thermal decomposition. The temperature difference in the first capillary material is such that the second capillary material is exposed to temperatures below its temperature of thermal decomposition. The second capillary material 28 can be selected so as to have better capillary properties than the first capillary material 27, can hold more liquid per unit volume than the first capillary material, and can be cheaper than the first capillary material. In this example, the first capillary material is a heat resistant material, such as fiberglass or a material containing fiberglass, and the second capillary material is a polymer, such as a suitable capillary material. Exemplary suitable capillary materials include the capillary materials discussed herein, and in alternative embodiments may include high density polyethylene (HDPE) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
FIG. 5a is a bottom perspective view of the cartridge shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 5a, the heater assembly extends laterally and extends outwardly from the housing 24, so that the heater assembly forms a flange around the top of the housing 24. The exposed parts of the electrical contacts 32 face the cartridge insertion direction, so that when the cartridge is fully inserted into the cavity 18, the exposed portions of the contacts 32 are in contact with the electrical connectors 19. A protrusion provided on the side of the cover 26 to allow the user to take up the cover when removing it can be clearly visible . FIG. 5a also illustrates the driver portion 25 formed on the base of the cartridge to ensure the correct orientation of the cartridge in the cavity of the device. The driver part 25 is part of an injection molded body 24 and is adapted to fit into a corresponding groove (not illustrated) at the base of the cavity 18. After accommodating the driver part 25 to the groove in the cavity, the contacts 32 are aligned with the connectors 19.
FIG. 5b is a top perspective view of the cartridge shown in FIG. 3, with a remote coating. The heater threads 36 are open in the hole 35 in the substrate 34, so that the evaporated substrate forming the aerosol can flow into the air stream through the heater assembly.
The housing 24 is formed from a thermoplastic, such as polypropylene. The heater assembly 30 is glued to the housing 24 in this example. However, there are several possible ways to assemble and fill the cartridge.
The cartridge body can be formed by injection molding. Capillary materials 22, 27, 28 can be formed by cutting suitable lengths of capillary material from a long stem of capillary fibers. The heater assembly may be assembled using a process as described with reference to FIG. 11a, 11b and 11c. In one embodiment, the assembly of the cartridge is as follows: first, one or more capillary materials 22, 27, 28 are inserted into the housing 24. Then a predetermined volume of liquid substrate forming the aerosol is introduced into the housing 24 and absorbed by the capillary materials. The heater assembly 30 is then pushed in the direction of the open end of the case and attached to the case 24 by gluing, welding, thermal bonding, ultrasonic welding, or other methods that will now be obvious to a person skilled in the art. The housing temperature is preferably kept below 160 ° C. during any compaction operation to prevent undesired removal of volatile compounds from the substrate forming the aerosol. The capillary material, after cutting, may be of such length as to extend outward of the open end of the housing 24 until it is compressed by the heater assembly. This facilitates the transport of the substrate forming the aerosol into the gaps of the heater element during use.
In another embodiment, instead of pressing the heater assembly 30 to the housing 24, then the seals, the heater assembly, and the open end of the housing can be first heated rapidly and then pressed together to bind the heater assembly 30 and housing 24.
It is also possible to combine the heater assembly 30 and the housing 24 before filling the housing with a substrate forming an aerosol, and then introducing the substrate forming the aerosol into the housing 24. In this case, the heating assembly can be attached to the cartridge using any of the methods described. The assembled heater or housing is then punctured using a cannula and the substrate forming the aerosol is inserted into the capillary material 22, 27, 28. Any hole made by the cannula is then sealed by thermal bonding or using sealing tape.
FIG. 6 shows an illustration of a first heater assembly 30 in accordance with the invention. The assembled heater contains a mesh formed of 304L stainless steel, with a mesh size of approximately 400 mesh US standard (approximately 400 strands per inch). The threads have a diameter of approximately 16 microns. The grid is connected to electrical contacts 32, which are separated from each other by a gap 33 and are formed from copper foil having a thickness of approximately 30 μm. Electrical contacts 32 are provided on a polyimide substrate 34 having a thickness of approximately 120 μm. The threads forming the net form gaps between the threads. The gaps in this example are approximately 37 μm wide, although larger or smaller gaps can be used. The use of a grid with these approximate dimensions makes it possible to form an aerosol forming substrate in the meniscus gaps and to draw in the heater assembling the aerosol forming substrate by a mesh, due to the capillary action. The open area of the grid, i.e. the ratio of the area of the intervals to the total area of the grid, mainly ranges from 25 to 56%. The total resistance of the assembled heater is approximately 1 ohm. The grid provides a significant part of this resistance, so most of the heat is produced by the grid. In this example, the grid has an electrical resistance that is more than 100 times greater than the electrical resistance of the electrical contacts 32.
The substrate 34 is electrically insulating and in this example is formed from a polyimide sheet having a thickness of approximately 120 μm. The substrate has a round shape and a diameter of 8 mm. The mesh has a rectangular shape and a side length of 5 mm and 2 mm. These dimensions provide the ability to perform a complete system having a size and shape similar to a traditional cigarette or cigar. Another example of sizes that have been found to be effective is a circular substrate with a diameter of 5 mm and a rectangular mesh measuring 1 mm x 4 mm.
FIG. 7 shows an illustration of an alternative exemplary heater assembly in accordance with the invention. The heater assembly shown in FIG. 7 is similar to that shown in FIG. 6, but the grid 36 is replaced by a matrix of parallel electrically conductive filaments 37. The filament matrix 37 is formed of 304L stainless steel and has a diameter of approximately 16 μm. The substrate 34 and the copper contact 32 are the same as described with reference to FIG. 6
FIG. 8 shows an illustration of another alternative heater assembly in accordance with the invention. The heater assembly shown in FIG. 8 is similar to that shown in FIG. 7, but in the heater assembly shown in FIG. 8, the threads 37 are directly connected to the substrate 34 and the contacts 32 are then connected to the threads. As before, the contacts 32 are separated from each other by an insulating gap 33 and are formed from copper foil having a thickness of approximately 30 μm. Such an arrangement of the threads of the substrate and the contacts can be used for a grid-type heater, as shown in FIG. 6. The presence of contacts as an outermost layer may be beneficial to ensure reliable electrical contact with the power source.
FIG. 9 shows an illustration of an alternate heater assembly in accordance with the invention. The heater assembly shown in FIG. 9, contains a plurality of heater threads 38, which together with the electrical contacts 39 form one whole. Both the filaments and the electrical contacts are formed from stainless steel foil, which is etched to form filaments 38. Contacts 39 are separated by a gap 33 except when connected by filaments 38. A stainless steel foil is provided on the polyimide substrate 34. The filaments 38 again provide much of this resistance, so much of the heat is produced by the filaments. In this example, the filaments 38 have an electrical resistance that is more than 100 times greater than the electrical resistance of the electrical contacts 39.
In the cartridge shown in FIG. 3, 4 and 5, pins 32 and yarns 36, 38 are located between substrate layer 34 and housing 24. However, it is possible to install the heater assembly on the cartridge housing in another way so that the polyimide substrate is located directly adjacent to housing 24. On FIG. 10 illustrates the layout of this type. FIG. 10 shows an assembled heater comprising a stainless steel mesh 56 attached to contacts 52 of copper foil. Copper contacts 52 are attached to the polyimide substrate 54. Hole 55 is formed in the polyimide substrate 54. The polyimide substrate is welded to the body 24 of the cartridge. The capillary material 22 impregnated with the substrate forming the aerosol fills the body and extends through the opening for contact with the mesh 55. As shown, the cartridge fits into the main part 11 of the device and is held between the electrical connectors 59 and the mouthpiece 12. In this embodiment, for electrical connection electrical connectors 59 with contacts 52; connectors 59 are configured to pierce the polyimide substrate 54, as shown. Electrical connectors are made with pointed ends and come into contact with the heater assembly under the action of springs 57. Preliminary cutting of the polyimide substrate can be performed to ensure good electrical contact or holes can be provided on it, so that the piercing of the substrate may not be necessary. The springs 57 also maintain a good electrical contact between the contacts 52 and the connectors 59, regardless of the orientation of the system with respect to gravity.
One of the means of ensuring the correct orientation of the cartridge 20 in the cavity 18 of the device has been described with reference to FIG. 5a and 5b. The driver portion 25 may be formed as part of the molded cartridge body 24 to ensure proper orientation. However, it is obvious that other ways of ensuring the correct orientation of the cartridge are possible. In particular, if the casing is made by injection molding, there are almost unlimited possibilities regarding the shape of the cartridge. After selecting the required internal volume of the cartridge, the shape of the cartridge can be designed so that it fits under any cavity. FIG. 11a shows a basic view of one possible cartridge body 70, which provides orientation of the cartridge in two possible orientations. The cartridge body 70 includes two symmetrically arranged grooves 72. The grooves may extend partially or completely upward on the side of the body 70. Corresponding fins (not illustrated) may be formed on the walls of the device cavity, so that the cartridge can be fitted into the cavity with only two possible orientations. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11a, it is possible to have only one edge in the cavity, so that one of the grooves 72 is not filled with an edge and can be used as a channel for the flow of air inside the device. Of course, it is possible to limit the cartridge to one orientation within the cavity by providing only one groove in the housing. This is illustrated in FIG. 11b, which shows the housing 74 of the cartridge with one groove 76.
Although in the described embodiments there are cartridges with housings having a substantially circular cross section, it is of course possible to form cartridge housings of other shapes, such as a rectangular cross section or a triangular cross section. These housing shapes will provide the necessary orientation inside the cavity of an appropriate shape to provide an electrical connection between the device and the cartridge.
The capillary material 22 is preferably oriented in the housing 24 so as to transfer fluid to the heater assembly 30. After assembling the cartridge, the heater threads 36, 37, 38 can be in contact with the capillary material 22 and, therefore, the aerosol forming substrate can be transferred directly on the grid heater. FIG. 12a is a detailed view of the heater strand 36, showing the meniscus 40 of the liquid substrate forming the aerosol, between the heater strands 36. As shown, the aerosol forming substrate is in contact with most of the surface of each filament, so much of the heat generated by the assembled heater continues directly into the aerosol forming substrate. In contrast, in conventional heaters assembled with a wick and coil, only a small portion of the heater wire is in contact with the substrate forming the aerosol. FIG. 12b is a detailed view similar to that shown in FIG. 12a, which shows an example of a capillary material 27 that extends into the gaps between the filaments 36. The capillary material 27 is the first capillary material shown in FIG. 4. As shown, the transport of fluid to the filament can be achieved by providing a capillary material containing thin filaments of fibers that extend into the interstices between the filaments 36.
When used, the heater assembly works by resistive heating. The current continues through the threads 36, 37, 38 under the control of the control electronics 16 to heat the threads to the required temperature range. The grid or matrix of filaments has a significantly higher electrical resistance than electrical contacts 32 and electrical connectors 19, so that high temperatures are localized on the filaments. The system may be configured to generate heat by providing electrical current to the heater assembly in response to user puffing or may be configured to continuously generate heat while the device is in the "on" state. Different filament materials may be suitable for different systems. For example, in a continuously heated system, graphite filaments are suitable, since they have a relatively low specific heat capacity and are compatible with low current heating. In a pull activated system in which heat is generated by short flashes using high current pulses, stainless steel threads having a high specific heat capacity may be more suitable.
In a tightening system, the device may include a puff sensor, configured to detect that the user draws air through the mouth piece. The puff sensor (not illustrated) is connected to the control electronics 16 and the control electronics 16 is configured to supply current to the heater assembly 30 only when it is determined that the user is pulling from the device. Any suitable air flow sensor can be used as a puff sensor, such as a microphone.
In a possible embodiment, changes in the resistance of one or more strands 36, 38 or the heater element as a whole can be used to detect the temperature change of the heater element. This can be used to adjust the power supplied to the heater element to ensure that it remains within the required temperature range. Sudden temperature changes can also be used as indicators to detect changes in air flow after the heater element as a result of user pulling out of the system. One or more filaments may be specifically designed temperature sensors and may be formed from a material having a suitable temperature coefficient of resistance for this purpose, such as an alloy of iron and aluminum, Ni-Cr, platinum, tungsten or alloy wire.
The flow of air through the mouthpiece using the system is illustrated in FIG. 1d. The mouth part includes internal partitions 17, which are molded as one whole with the external walls of the mouth part and provide air flow through the heater assembly 30 to the cartridge, where the aerosol forming substrate evaporates when air is drawn from the inlet ports 13 to the outlet 15. According to as the air passes through the heater assembly, the evaporated substrate is drawn into the air flow and cooled to form an aerosol before exiting the outlet 15. Accordingly, when using ubstrat forming the aerosol, as evaporation proceeds through the heater assembly by passing through the interstices between the yarns 36, 37, 38.
There are a number of possibilities with regard to the manufacture and materials of the heater assembly. FIG. 13a shows a schematic illustration of a first method of manufacturing a heater assembly. A number of holes 82 are provided in a roll of polyimide film 80. Holes 82 can be formed by stamping. Strips of copper foil 84 are applied to the polyimide film 80 between the holes. The stainless steel mesh tapes 86 are then applied to the polyimide film 80 on top of the copper foil 84 and the holes 82 in the direction perpendicular to the strips of the copper foil. The individual heater assemblies 30 can then be cut or stamped around each hole 82. Each heater assembly 30 includes a piece of copper foil on opposite sides of the hole forming electrical contacts, and a stainless steel mesh strip fills the hole from one part of the copper to the other, as shown in fig. 6
FIG. 13b illustrates another possible manufacturing process. In the process shown in FIG. 13b, a polyimide film 80 of the type used in the process shown in FIG. 13a, covered with 90 stainless steel foil. The polyimide film 80 has a series of holes 82 formed in it, but these holes are covered with a 90-piece stainless steel foil. The foil 90 is then etched to form filaments 38 that fill the holes 82 and separate the contact parts on opposite sides of the holes. The individual heater assemblies 92 can then be cut or stamped around each hole 82. This provides a heater assembly of the type shown in FIG. 9.
FIG. 13c illustrates an additional alternative process. In the process shown in FIG. 13c, the material is first prepared on the basis of graphite 100. The graphite-based material 100 contains bands of electrically resistive fibers suitable for use as heater threads, adjacent to the bands of relatively non-conductive fibers. These fiber bands are woven together with bands of relatively electrically conductive fibers that run perpendicularly to resistive and non-conducting fibers. This material 100 is then bonded to a layer of polyimide film 80 of the type described with reference to FIG. 13a and 13b having a number of holes 82. The individual heater assemblies 102 can then be cut or stamped around each hole. Each heater assembly 102 includes a portion of a conductive fiber strip on opposite sides of the opening and an electrically resistive strip filling the opening.
The cartridge design shown in FIG. 5a and 5b, has several advantages. However, alternative cartridge designs are possible using a similar type of assembled heater. FIG. 14 illustrates an alternative cartridge design that is suitable for various air flow patterns through the system. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the cartridge 108 is configured to be inserted into the device in the direction indicated by the arrow 110. The cartridge 108 includes a housing 112, which has a shape similar to half a cylinder, and one side of which is open. The heater assembly 114 is located on the open side and adheres or is welded to the housing 112. The heater assembly 114 contains an electrically insulating substrate 116, such as polyimide, having an opening formed therein. A heater element comprising a stainless steel mesh 118 and a pair of contact strips 120 is connected to an electrically insulating substrate 116 and fills the hole. Contact strips 120 surround the housing 112 to form contact pads on the curved surface of the housing. Electrical pads are made with the possibility of contact with the corresponding contacts (not illustrated) in the device generating the aerosol. The housing 112 is filled with a capillary material (invisible in FIG. 14), impregnated with a substrate forming an aerosol, as described with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1a-1d.
The cartridge shown in FIG. 14 is configured to allow air to flow through the heater assembly 114 in the direction opposite to arrow 110. Air is drawn into the system through the air inlet provided in the main part of the device and is sucked through the heater assembly 114 into the mouth part of the device (or cartridge) and into the user's mouth. Air drawn into the system can be directed, for example, in a direction parallel to the grid 118, corresponding to the location of the air inlets.
Alternate embodiments of cartridge 108 are illustrated in FIG. 15a and 15b. FIG. 15a additionally shows contact strips 120 spaced apart from each other and extending along the length of the outer surface having the grid 118. In FIG. 15b further shows pins 120 having an approximately L-shape. Both cartridge designs illustrated in FIG. 15a and 15b may be used to provide even larger contact areas for additional provision of simple contact with contacts 19 if necessary. The strips 120, as illustrated in FIG. 15a can also be made slidable over contact 19, which is configured in a rail configuration (not illustrated) for receiving strips 120 for further positioning of the cartridge. Such a rail configuration may advantageously provide periodic cleaning of the contacts 19, since insertion and removal of the cartridge will have a cleaning effect based on contact friction sliding in and out along the rails.
FIG. 16 illustrates another embodiment of an aerosol generating system including a fluid-permeable electrical heater assembly. FIG. 16 illustrates a system in which the heater assembly 30 is provided at the end of the cartridge 20, which is opposite the mouth piece 12. The air flow enters the air inlet 1601 and continues past the heater assembly and through the air outlet 1603 along the flow route 1605. Electrical contacts can be located in any convenient place. This configuration is advantageous because it provides shorter electrical connections within the system.
Other cartridge designs, including the heater assembly in accordance with the present invention, can now be represented by a person skilled in the art. For example, the cartridge may include a mouth piece, may include more than one heater assembly, and may be of any desired shape. In addition, the heater assembly in accordance with the invention can be used in systems of other types that differ from those already described, such as humidifiers, air fresheners, and other aerosol-generating systems.
The exemplary embodiments described above are presented for clarification and not limitation. In view of the above described exemplary embodiments, other embodiments corresponding to the above exemplary embodiments will now be apparent to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 17 illustrates a cross section of the cartridge system, with the flow path comprising air flowing through the cartridge. A fluid-permeable heater, for example, a grid heater 30, contains electrically conductive heater threads 36 filling the opening of the housing 400. To seal the upper part of the housing 400, a sealing layer 48, such as a polymer layer, is provided between the upper edge of the housing 400 and the heater 30. In addition , a sealing disk 47, for example, a polymer disk, is provided on the upper side of the heater 30. Using the sealing disk 47, air flow through the heater can be controlled, in particular, s provided with airflow limitation. The sealing disc may also be located on the underside of the heater 30.
The cartridge housing 400 comprises a capillary material containing a liquid, such as a material (HRM) 41 with high retention capacity or high release capacity, serving as a reservoir for the liquid and guiding the liquid in the direction of the heater 30 for evaporation on the heater. Another capillary material, a capillary disk 44, for example, a fibrous disk, is located between the HRM 41 and the heater 30. The material of the capillary disk 44 may be more heat resistant than the HRM 41, due to its proximity to the heater 30. The capillary disk is kept wet with using an aerosol forming liquid, HRM to safely provide a liquid for evaporation when the heater is activated.
The housing 400 is equipped with an air-permeable bottom 45. The air-permeable bottom is equipped with an air inlet 450. An inlet 450 for air flow provides air flow through the bottom 45 into the body in one and only this direction. Neither air nor liquid can escape from the housing through the air-permeable bottom 45. The air-permeable bottom 45 may, for example, contain a semi-permeable membrane as the air flow inlet 450, or it may be a bottom coating containing one or more one-way valves, as shown Further.
If a slight decrease in pressure prevails on the heater side, as happens during tightening, air can continue through the inlet 450 to allow air to flow into the cartridge. The air flow 200 will continue through the HRM 41 and through the heater 30. Then the air flow 200 containing the aerosol will flow to the downstream end of the device generating the aerosol, preferably into the centrally located channel in the mouthpiece.
The side walls of the housing 400 can also be equipped with side air-permeable sections 46 to provide subsequent airflow into the housing. The side air-permeable sections 46 can be made as inlet openings 450 for the flow of air in the air-permeable bottom 45.
FIG. 18, the arrangement and functions of the cartridge system are basically the same as those shown in FIG. 10. However, a central opening 412 is provided in HRM 41. The air entering the inlet 450 for air flow in the bottom 45 of the housing continues through the central opening 412. The air flow continues near the HRM in the cartridge. With the use of optional lateral air-permeable sections 46 in the side wall of the housing 400, lateral airflow can be provided through HRM 41.
FIG. 19 is an exploded view of the cartridge system shown in FIG. 11. The annular tubular HRM 41 is provided in the housing 400. The housing bottom 45 is a disc containing a one-way valve 49 located in the center of the disk and aligned with a central bore 412 in the HRM 41. Such a one-way valve may, for example, be a commercially available valve, such as For example, used in medical devices or baby bottles.
FIG. 20 shows a cross section of another embodiment of the cartridge system. For the same or similar items, the same item numbers are used. In this embodiment, the housing 400 is filled with a liquid 411 forming an aerosol. The housing may be made of a metallic material, a plastic material, for example, a polymeric material, or glass. The valve 49 can be directly molded in the bottom 45 of the housing. The bottom 45 may also be equipped with a cavity for an air-tight assembly with a valve. Due to the fact that the valves are preferably made of a flexible material, an impermeable assembly can be achieved using a bottom material.
In the above cartridge systems, as described in relation to FIG. 17-20, the cartridge body 400 may also be a separate cartridge capacity in addition to the cartridge body, as described, for example, in relation to FIG. 1. In particular, the cartridge containing the liquid 411 is a pre-made product that can be inserted into the body of the cartridge provided in an aerosol generating system to accommodate the pre-made cartridge.
1. A cartridge for use in an electrically controlled aerosol generating system comprising:
a liquid storage part comprising a rigid body holding a liquid substrate forming an aerosol, wherein the body has an opening; and
a fluid-permeable heater assembly comprising a plurality of electrically conductive filaments having a diameter of 8 μm to 100 μm, the fluid-permeable heater assembly being attached to the body and extending across the body opening, the heater assembly being substantially flat.
2. The cartridge according to claim. 1, characterized in that the plurality of filaments forms a grid.
3. The cartridge according to claim. 1, characterized in that the plurality of threads consists of a plurality of threads arranged parallel to each other.
4. The cartridge according to any one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing of the liquid storage part contains a capillary material.
5. The cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the capillary material is essentially the same size and shape as the heater assembly, and the capillary material is in contact with the heater assembly, and the aerosol-forming fluid substrate is drawn in. through a capillary material to an electrically conductive filament.
6. The cartridge according to claim. 4, characterized in that the capillary material continues in the intervals between the filaments.
7. The cartridge according to claim 4, wherein the capillary material includes a first capillary material and a second capillary material, wherein the first capillary material is in contact with the heater assembly, and the second capillary material is in contact with the first capillary material and is separated from heater assembly of the first capillary material, while the first capillary material has a higher temperature of thermal decomposition than the second capillary material.
8. The cartridge according to claim 7, characterized in that the second capillary material holds from 20 to 160 mg of liquid.
9. The cartridge according to claim. 8, characterized in that the temperature of thermal decomposition of the first capillary material is at least 160 ° C and preferably at least 250 ° C.
10. The cartridge according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, 5-9, characterized in that the heater assembly contains at least one filament made of the first material and at least one filament made of a second material different from the first material.
11. The cartridge according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, 5-9, characterized in that the heater assembly contains an electrically insulating substrate on which the threads are located.
12. The cartridge according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, 5-9, characterized in that the heater assembly contains an electrically conductive contact in contact with a plurality of filaments.
13. The cartridge under item 12, characterized in that the heater assembly continues in the lateral plane, and the electrically conductive contact extends to the side outside the housing part for storing the liquid.
14. The system that generates the aerosol containing the main unit and the cartridge according to any one of paragraphs. 1-13, and the cartridge is connected with the possibility of removal from the main unit, while the main unit contains a power source.
15. The system generating the aerosol according to claim 14, characterized in that it further comprises an electrical circuit connected to the heater assembly and an electrical power source, wherein the electrical circuit is configured to control the electrical resistance of the heater assembly or one or more heater threads assembled and with the ability to control the supply of power from the electric power source to the heater assembly depending on the electrical resistance of the heater assembly or one or more item
16. A method of manufacturing a cartridge for use in an electrically controlled aerosol generating system, comprising:
attaching a substantially flat fluid-permeable heater assembly containing a plurality of electrically conductive filaments to the liquid storage portion, the filaments having a diameter of 8 μm to 100 μm, and the liquid-permeable heater assembly extending across the body opening of the liquid storage portion .
RU2016136343A 2014-02-10 2014-12-15 Aerosol-generating system having heater assembly, and cartridge for an aerosol-generating system having liquid-permeable heater assembly RU2692784C2 (en)
EP14154553.3 2014-02-10
EP14154553 2014-02-10
PCT/EP2014/077843 WO2015117704A1 (en) 2014-02-10 2014-12-15 An aerosol-generating system having a heater assembly and a cartridge for an aerosol-generating system having a fluid permeable heater assembly
RU2016136343A RU2016136343A (en) 2018-03-15
RU2016136343A3 RU2016136343A3 (en) 2018-11-15
RU2692784C2 true RU2692784C2 (en) 2019-06-27
ID=50072950
RU2016136343A RU2692784C2 (en) 2014-02-10 2014-12-15 Aerosol-generating system having heater assembly, and cartridge for an aerosol-generating system having liquid-permeable heater assembly
US (1) US20160345630A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3104724B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2017506509A (en)
KR (1) KR20160119777A (en)
CN (1) CN105939625A (en)
AR (1) AR099323A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2014381788B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2937980A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3104724T3 (en)
IL (1) IL246571D0 (en)
LT (1) LT3104724T (en)
MX (1) MX2016010088A (en)
PH (1) PH12016501317A1 (en)
RS (1) RS58674B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2692784C2 (en)
SG (1) SG11201605890YA (en)
SI (1) SI3104724T1 (en)
TW (3) TWI645791B (en)
WO (1) WO2015117704A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201604481B (en)
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2014-12-15 LT LTEP14815317.4T patent/LT3104724T/en unknown
2014-12-15 JP JP2016551319A patent/JP2017506509A/en active Pending
2014-12-15 KR KR1020167021289A patent/KR20160119777A/en unknown
2014-12-15 DK DK14815317.4T patent/DK3104724T3/en active
2014-12-15 WO PCT/EP2014/077843 patent/WO2015117704A1/en active Application Filing
2014-12-15 RU RU2016136343A patent/RU2692784C2/en active
2014-12-15 RS RS20190531A patent/RS58674B1/en unknown
2014-12-15 CA CA2937980A patent/CA2937980A1/en active Pending
2014-12-15 SG SG11201605890YA patent/SG11201605890YA/en unknown
2014-12-15 MX MX2016010088A patent/MX2016010088A/en unknown
2014-12-15 EP EP14815317.4A patent/EP3104724B1/en active Active
2014-12-15 AU AU2014381788A patent/AU2014381788B2/en active Active
2014-12-15 SI SI201431147T patent/SI3104724T1/en unknown
2014-12-15 US US15/117,661 patent/US20160345630A1/en active Pending
2014-12-15 CN CN201480074316.3A patent/CN105939625A/en active Search and Examination
2015-02-02 TW TW104103374A patent/TWI645791B/en active
2015-02-02 TW TW104103373A patent/TWI645790B/en active
2015-02-05 TW TW104103824A patent/TW201534231A/en unknown
2015-02-09 AR ARP150100369A patent/AR099323A1/en unknown
2016-07-01 ZA ZA2016/04481A patent/ZA201604481B/en unknown
2016-07-01 PH PH12016501317A patent/PH12016501317A1/en unknown
2016-07-03 IL IL246571A patent/IL246571D0/en unknown
MX2016010088A (en) 2017-02-28
CA2937980A1 (en) 2015-08-13
ZA201604481B (en) 2017-08-30
TWI645790B (en) 2019-01-01
AR099323A1 (en) 2016-07-13
RU2016136343A (en) 2018-03-15
WO2015117704A1 (en) 2015-08-13
RU2016136343A3 (en) 2018-11-15
US20160345630A1 (en) 2016-12-01
TW201534229A (en) 2015-09-16
CN105939625A (en) 2016-09-14
EP3104724B1 (en) 2019-03-20
SG11201605890YA (en) 2016-08-30
PH12016501317A1 (en) 2016-08-15
SI3104724T1 (en) 2019-05-31
KR20160119777A (en) 2016-10-14
TW201534231A (en) 2015-09-16
AU2014381788A1 (en) 2016-09-22
DK3104724T3 (en) 2019-04-29
TWI645791B (en) 2019-01-01
AU2014381788B2 (en) 2019-03-14
LT3104724T (en) 2019-04-10
IL246571D0 (en) 2016-08-31
RS58674B1 (en) 2019-06-28
EP3104724A1 (en) 2016-12-21
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