Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7742372?dq=9/848,936
Timestamp: 2015-01-27 04:51:04
Document Index: 646113165

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 200580025671', 'Application No. 2006104619', 'Application No. 2007', 'Application No. 05771159', 'Application No. 07110035']

Patent US7742372 - Recording medium, and method and apparatus for recording defect management ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording defect management information on the recording medium are disclosed. The method for recording defect management information of a recording medium includes recording a defect entry on the recording medium, wherein the defect entry includes a...http://www.google.com/patents/US7742372?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7742372 - Recording medium, and method and apparatus for recording defect management information on the recording mediumAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7742372 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/598,041Publication dateJun 22, 2010Filing dateNov 13, 2006Priority dateNov 25, 2005Fee statusPaidAlso published asCN101297367A, CN101297367B, EP1952402A1, EP1952402A4, US20070121460, WO2007061188A1Publication number11598041, 598041, US 7742372 B2, US 7742372B2, US-B2-7742372, US7742372 B2, US7742372B2InventorsHyug Jin Kwon, Jung Sup KimOriginal AssigneeLg Electronics, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (105), Non-Patent Citations (13), Referenced by (2), Classifications (12), Legal Events (2) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetRecording medium, and method and apparatus for recording defect management information on the recording mediumUS 7742372 B2Abstract A recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording defect management information on the recording medium are disclosed. The method for recording defect management information of a recording medium includes recording a defect entry on the recording medium, wherein the defect entry includes a first field that can identify a defect entry type, a second field recording position information of a defect area within a user data area, and a third field recording position information of a replacement area within a spare area, and recording position information corresponding to the second field and/or the third field in accordance with the defect entry type decided by the first field, wherein, in case of a defect entry type having no corresponding position information, the corresponding field is set to zero (0).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording defect management information on the recording medium that substantially obviate one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B respectively illustrate a structure of a defect entry as a defect management information according to the present invention. More specifically, FIG. 2A illustrates a defect entry structure, and FIG. 2B illustrates defect entry types. Referring to FIG. 2A, one defect entry may be configured of 8 bytes (i.e., 64 bits). Herein, the 64-bit defect entry is largely divided into 3 sections. The defect entry includes a first field (a 4-bit �status 1� field and a 4-bit �status 2� field), a second field (a 28-bit �Defective Cluster first PSN� field), and a third field (a 28-bit �Replacement Cluster first PSN� field). Herein, the first field indicates the type and status of the defect entry, the second field records a position information of the defective cluster, and the third field records a position information of the replacement cluster.
The 4-bit �status 1� field is used as information deciding the defect entry type. Referring to FIG. 2B, for example, when the value of the 4-bit �status 1� field is �0000b�, this indicates that a replacement cluster is normally allocated and that the defect entry is replacement recorded. This defect entry is referred to as a �Re-Allocatable Defect (RAD) 1 type�. When the value of the 4-bit �status 1� field is �1000b�, this indicates that a replacement cluster is normally allocated but the defect entry is not replacement recorded. This defect entry is referred to as a �Re-Allocatable Defect (RAD) 2 type�. When the value of the 4-bit �status 1� field is �0001b�, this indicates that a replacement cluster is not allocated for the defective cluster. This defect entry type is referred to as a �Non Re-allocatable Defect (NRD) type�. Furthermore, when the value of the 4-bit �status 1� field is �0010b�, this indicates that a replacement cluster is normally allocated but the cluster is allocated in the spare area so as to be replacement recorded in a later process. This defect entry type is referred to as a �Spare (SPR) type�. Finally, when the value of the 4-bit �status 1� field is �0111b�, this indicates that a defect has been detected (or has occurred) in a replacement cluster, and therefore the cluster cannot be used replacement recording in a later process. This defect entry type is referred to as an �unusable type�.
More specifically, a plurality of defect entries exists within the defect list (DFL). And, each defect entry is sorted in accordance with a particular sorting method and recorded on the defect list. Referring to FIG. 2B, the sorting method corresponds to recording the defect entry starting from the second bit (bit 62) thereof in an ascending order. Accordingly, the defect entries are sorted by the �status 1� field, which is configured of 4 bits (bit 63 to bit 60). This indicates that sorting is performed by each defect entry type. Herein, recording of the defect entry is not performed starting from the first bit (bit 63) so that, when performing the recording process of the defect entries, �RAD 1 type=0000b� and �RAD 2 type=1000b� may be considered as the same defect entry. Therefore, when sorting the defect entries by ascending order starting from the second bit (bit 62), defect entries within the defect list are sorted by the following order: �status 1� field → second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field) → �status 2� field → third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field).
FIG. 3A to FIG. 3E illustrate examples for describing defect entry types and recording methods according to the present invention. Herein, FIG. 3A illustrates the �RAD 1 type� defect entry. More specifically, the RAD 1 defect entry has normally replacement recorded the defective cluster within the replacement cluster. Therefore, for example, the data that have been or that will be recorded on the defective cluster (A) within the user data area are replacement recorded in the replacement cluster (a) within the spare area. In other words, the method of recording the �RAD 1 type� defect entry includes recording a �0000b� value identifying the defect entry as the �RAD 1 type� within the �status 1� field, recording a first physical sector number (PSN) of the defective cluster (A) within the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field), recording a �0000b� value indicating a normal status within the �status 2� field, and recording a first physical sector number (PSN) of the replacement cluster (a) within the third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field). Accordingly, a value indicating a new status that is decided during a standardization process may be recorded in the �status 2� field in the present invention. However, only the examples of the defect entries having a normal status value �0000b� will be given in the description of FIG. 3A to FIG. 4B of the present invention.
FIG. 3B illustrates the �RAD 2 type� defect entry. More specifically, the RAD 1 defect entry allocates a replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster, but the replacement recording is not yet performed on the replacement cluster. Therefore, for example, a replacement cluster (a) is allocated within the spare area for the data that have been or that will be recorded on the defective cluster (A) within the user data area. In other words, the method of recording the �RAD 2 type� defect entry includes recording a �1000b� value identifying the defect entry as the �RAD 2 type� within the �status 1� field, recording a first physical sector number (PSN) of the defective cluster (A) within the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field), recording a �0000b� value indicating a normal status within the �status 2� field, and recording a first physical sector number (PSN) of the replacement cluster (a) within the third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field).
FIG. 3C illustrates the �NRD type� defect entry. More specifically, the NRD defect entry has not yet allocated the replacement cluster corresponding to the defective cluster. Therefore, for example, when the defective cluster (A) is detected in the user data area, only the defect entry for managing the detected defective cluster (A) is recorded. In other words, the method of recording the �NRD type� defect entry includes recording a �0001b� value identifying the defect entry as the �NRD type� within the �status 1� field, recording a first physical sector number (PSN) of the defective cluster (A) within the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field), recording a �0000b� value indicating a normal status within the �status 2� field, and recording zero values (�0 00 00 00h�) to all 28 bits within the third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field).
FIG. 3D illustrates the �SPR type� defect entry. More specifically, the SPR defect entry represents a normal replacement cluster existing within the spare area for a later replacement recording process. Therefore, for example, when a defective cluster is detected (or occurs), replacement recording may be performed on the position of the replacement cluster designated within the first SPR defect entry among the plurality of defect entries registered as the SPR defect entry according to the defect list sorting. In other words, the method of recording the �SPR type� defect entry includes recording a �0010b� value identifying the defect entry as the �SPR type� within the �status 1� field, recording zero values (�0 00 00 00h�) to all 28 bits within the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field) since a corresponding defective cluster is not yet allocated, recording a �0000b� value indicating a normal status within the �status 2� field, and recording a first PSN of the replacement cluster (e.g., �a�, �b�, and �c�) within the third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field). Referring to FIG. 3D, if three replacement clusters (a), (b), and (c) are registered as SPR type defect entries, the replacement clusters are sorted and recorded within the spare area by order of the lowest PSN, such as �a� → �b� → �c�
FIG. 3E illustrates the �unusable type� defect entry. More specifically, the unusable defect entry represents clusters that are not used due to defects detected within the spare area. Therefore, for example, when a particular cluster within the spare area is detected to be defective, the cluster is replaced with a normal replacement cluster registered within the SPR defect entry, whereas the defect-detected cluster within the spare area is registered and managed as an �unusable� defect entry. In other words, the method of recording the �unusable� defect entry includes recording a �0111b� value identifying the defect entry as the �unusable type� within the �status 1� field, recording zero values (�0 00 00 00h�) to all 28 bits within the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field) since a corresponding defective cluster does not exist, recording a �0000b� value indicating a normal status within the �status 2� field, and recording a first PSN of the clusters (e.g., �a�, and �c�) within the spare area that are detected to be defective within the third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field). Referring to FIG. 3E, if two replacement clusters (a) and (c) are detected to be defective within the spare area, each of the clusters is registered as an �unusable� defect entry. And, these �unusable� defect entries are sorted and recorded within the spare area by order of the lowest PSN, such as �a� → �c�
More specifically, in the present invention, when recording the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field) of the �unusable� defect entry, all 28 bits therein is required to be recorded as zero values (�0 00 00 00h�). If an arbitrary set of dummy data that does not correspond to the zero value (�0 00 00 00h�) is recorded on the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field), sorting may be performed randomly and not by the particular sorting order described above. In other words, as the second field is sorted earlier than the third field, if the value of the second field is recorded as arbitrary dummy data, sorting of the �unusable� defect entries may not be performed properly. Accordingly, if a formatting process including a certification process is to be performed, and if the sorting of the �unusable� defect entries is not properly performed, a problem may occur in locating the place (or position) of the defective cluster designated by the corresponding �unusable� defect entry. Particularly, when performing a formatting process including certification, a pick-up means frequently performs search operations such as track jump operations in order to locate the defective cluster position (or place) corresponding to the �unusable� defect entry within the spare area. Such frequent search operations deteriorates the overall system performance.
In order to resolve such problems, it is preferable that the �unusable� defect entries are sorted within the spare area by an-ascending-order starting from the lowest PSN. Accordingly, in order to perform a preferable sorting of the �unusable� defect entries, the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field) value within the �unusable� defect entries should be recorded as zero values (�0 00 00 00h�). Therefore, when performing the formatting process including certification, reference is made to the �unusable� defect entries sorted as described above (e.g., sorting is performed by the position order of the defective clusters within the spare area that are recorded on the third field of the �unusable� defect entries), so that the defective clusters can be certified by the PSN order sorted as described above. Thus, without having to perform any search operation or by performing only a minimum number of search operations, such as track jump operations, the system may search the position of each defective cluster within the spare area by a specific order so as to certify the corresponding cluster.
FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B respectively illustrate a defect management method and a method for recording defect management information. In the examples shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, each defect entry type is sorted to configure a defect list (DFL). For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, each of the defective clusters �A� and �C� and replacement clusters �a� and �c� configures the defect entries associated with the �RAD 1 type�. Also, each of the defective clusters �B� and �D� and replacement clusters �e� and �f� configures the defect entries associated with the �RAD 2 type�. And, the defective cluster �E� configures the defect entry associated with the �NRD type�. Furthermore, each of the replacement clusters �h�, �i�, and �j� configures the defect entries associated with the �SPR type�. Finally, each of the defective clusters �b�, �d�, and �g� within the spare area configures the defect entries associated with the �unusable type�
In the example shown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B illustrates a defect list (DFL) having the defect entries sorted therein. The defect entries are first sorted by defect entry types, more specifically, by the order of �RAD� type → �NRD� type → �SPR� type → �unusable� type. Thereafter, within the same defect entry type, the defect entries are sorted in accordance with the values recorded in the second field (�Defective Cluster first PSN� field) and/or the third field (�Replacement Cluster first PSN� field). Based upon the above-described sorting rule, FIG. 4B illustrates in a table form the final sorted configuration of the defect entries generated, as shown in FIG. 4A. Accordingly, although it is apparent that the normal replacement clusters within the spare area are all included as the �SPR� type entries, only 3 normal clusters �h�, �i�, and �j�, will be illustrated in FIG. 4B, for simplicity of the description of the present invention. Furthermore, apart from the defect entry types described in the present invention, other defect entry types (e.g., a Possibly Bad Area (PBA) type) may exist, and, in this case, the same defect entry recording method and sorting method according to the present invention may be applied herein.
FIG. 5 illustrates an optical recording and reproducing apparatus of a recording medium according to the present invention. The optical recording and reproducing apparatus, which records data on the optical disc or reproduces the data recorded thereon, includes a recording/reproducing device 20, a controller 12, an audio/video (AV) decoder 17, and an AV encoder 18. The recording/reproducing device 20 includes a pick-up unit 11 for directly recording data on the optical disc or for reading data recorded on the optical disc, a signal processor 13 either recovering the reproduction signal received from the pick-up unit 11 to a desired signal value, or modulating a signal to be recorded to an optical disc recordable signal and transmitting the modulated signal to the pick-up unit 11, a servo 14 accurately reading the signal from the optical disc, or controlling the operations of the pick-up unit 11, a memory 15 for temporarily storing the management information including the defect management information, and a microcomputer 16 controlling the above operations. An apparatus only including the recording/reproducing device 20 is referred to as a �drive�, which is also used as a peripheral computer device.
FIG. 7 illustrates a flow chart of a method for formatting the recording medium according to the present invention. In the present invention, the �formatting� process (wherein a �re-formatting� process is also included) is used for disregarding (or ignoring) the data initially existing within the disc and newly using the disc. Accordingly, when a formatting process is performed in accordance with a user command (S100), the disc may be newly used (or be re-used). When performing the formatting process, a certification process certifying all areas or a particular area within the disc may be selectively performed (S200). For example, all areas within the disc are sequentially certified starting from the first area so as to determine whether a defect exists or not. However, when a defect is detected a defect list (DFL) in accordance with the above-described defect entry recording method and sorting method. This step is particularly referred to as a �Full certification� method (S300).
Although the �Full certification� process satisfies the perfection of the certification process, a large amount of time is required for the process. Therefore, only the defective cluster registered as the defect area within the already existing defect list (DFL) may be selectively certified. This step is particularly referred to as a �Quick certification� method (S400). When using the �Quick certification� method, the certification process is performed based upon the registered defect entry. More specifically, the �RAD 1� type, �RAD 2� type, and �NRD� type defect entries certify only the defective clusters in the user data area registered to the second field within each defect entry. Furthermore, the �unusable� type defect entries certify only the defective clusters in the spare area registered to the third field within each defect entry.
For example, when performing the �Quick certification� method based upon the defect list sorted as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, the system is capable of sequentially certifying only the defective clusters starting from the inner circumference of the optical disc (i.e., starting from the cluster having the lowest PSN). Therefore, clusters �b�, �d�, and �g�, which are the �unusable� defective clusters within the spare area, are sequentially certified, and clusters �A�, �B�, �C�, �D�, and �E�, which are the defective clusters within the user data area, are also sequentially certified.
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No. 12/314,736.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS8446806Jul 14, 2010May 21, 2013Hitachi Consumer Electronics Co., Ltd.Media record/play device and media record/play methodUS8750085Apr 17, 2013Jun 10, 2014Hitachi Consumer Electronics Co., Ltd.Media record/play device and media record/play methodClassifications U.S. Classification369/53.17, 369/47.14International ClassificationG11B20/12Cooperative ClassificationG11B2220/20, G11B2020/1893, G11B2020/1823, G11B7/0079, G11B2020/1826, G11B20/1883, G11B2220/2541European ClassificationG11B20/18S, G11B7/007ZLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 11, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Nov 13, 2006ASAssignmentOwner name: LG ELECTRONICS INC., KOREA, REPUBLIC OFFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KWON, HYUG JIN;KIM, JUNG SUP;REEL/FRAME:018565/0727Effective date: 20061030Owner name: LG ELECTRONICS INC.,KOREA, REPUBLIC OFFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KWON, HYUG JIN;KIM, JUNG SUP;REEL/FRAME:18565/727RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services