Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US20080130285?dq=6,595,873
Timestamp: 2014-12-21 22:28:26
Document Index: 268106332

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60']

Patent US20080130285 - Lighting device and lighting method - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm and from 600 nm to 630 nm, respectively, and a first group of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to...http://www.google.com/patents/US20080130285?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20080130285 - Lighting device and lighting methodAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20080130285 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 11/948,021Publication dateJun 5, 2008Filing dateNov 30, 2007Priority dateDec 1, 2006Publication number11948021, 948021, US 2008/0130285 A1, US 2008/130285 A1, US 20080130285 A1, US 20080130285A1, US 2008130285 A1, US 2008130285A1, US-A1-20080130285, US-A1-2008130285, US2008/0130285A1, US2008/130285A1, US20080130285 A1, US20080130285A1, US2008130285 A1, US2008130285A1InventorsGerald H. Negley, Antony Paul Van de VenOriginal AssigneeLed Lighting Fixtures, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManReferenced by (51), Classifications (17), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLighting device and lighting methodUS 20080130285 A1Abstract A lighting device comprising first and second groups of solid state light emitters, which emit light having wavelength in ranges of from 430 nm to 480 nm and from 600 nm to 630 nm, respectively, and a first group of lumiphors which emit light having dominant wavelength in the range of from 555 nm to 585 nm. If current is supplied to a power line, a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a sub-mixture of light having x, y color coordinates within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram defined by points having coordinates (0.32, 0.40), (0.36, 0.48), (0.43, 0.45), (0.42, 0.42), (0.36, 0.38). Also provided is a method of lighting.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/868,134, filed Dec. 1, 2006, entitled �Lighting Device and Lighting Method� (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket no. 931�035 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION(S) There exist �white� LED lamp light sources which are relatively efficient but which have poor color rendering, typically having CRI Ra values of less than 75, and which are particularity deficient in the rendering of red colors and also to a significant extent deficient in green. This means that many things, including the typical human complexion, food items, labeling, painting, posters, signs, apparel, home decoration, plants, flowers, automobiles, etc. exhibit odd or wrong color as compared to being illuminated with an incandescent light or natural daylight. Typically, such white LED lamps have a color temperature of approximately 5000 K, which is generally not visually comfortable for general illumination, which however may be desirable for the illumination of commercial produce or advertising and printed materials.
Some so-called �warm white� LED lamps have a more acceptable color temperature (typically 2700 to 3500 K) for indoor use, and in some special cases, good CRI Ra (in the case of a yellow and red phosphor mix as high as Ra=95), but their efficiency is generally significantly less then that of the standard �cool white� LED lamps.
a combination of light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by (1) the first group of solid state light emitters, (2) the first group of lumiphors, and (3) the second group of solid state light emitters produces a mixture of light having x, y coordinates on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which define a point which is within ten MacAdam ellipses of at least one point on the blackbody locus on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, and a combination of light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by (1) the first group of solid state light emitters, and (2) the first group of lumiphors would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a sub-mixture of light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within a first area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38. The expression �dominant wavelength�, is used herein according to its well-known and accepted meaning to refer to the perceived color of a spectrum, i.e., the single wavelength of light which produces a color sensation most similar to the color sensation perceived from viewing light emitted by the light source (i.e., it is roughly akin to �hue�), as opposed to �peak wavelength�, which is well-known to refer to the spectral line with the greatest power in the spectral power distribution of the light source. Because the human eye does not perceive all wavelengths equally (it perceives yellow and green better than red and blue), and because the light emitted by many solid state light emitter (e.g., LEDs) is actually a range of wavelengths, the color perceived (i.e., the dominant wavelength) is not necessarily equal to (and often differs from) the wavelength with the highest power (peak wavelength). A truly monochromatic light such as a laser has the same dominant and peak wavelengths.
a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of solid state light emitters, (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors, and (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of solid state light emitters would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a mixture of light having x, y coordinates on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which define a point which is within ten MacAdam ellipses of at least one point on the blackbody locus on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, and a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of solid state light emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a sub-mixture of light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within a first area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38. In some embodiments according to the first aspect of the present inventive subject matter, the lighting device further comprises at least one switch electrically connected to the first power line, the switch selectively switching on and off current to the first power line With regard to any mixed light described herein in terms of its proximity (e.g., in MacAdam ellipses) to the blackbody locus on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram and/or on a 1976 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, the present inventive subject matter is further directed to such mixed light in the proximity of light on the blackbody locus having color temperature of 2700 K, 3000 K or 3500 K, namely:
mixed light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.4578, 0.4101, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.4813, 0.4319, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4562, 0.4260, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4373, 0.3893, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4593, 0.3944 (i.e., proximate to 2700 K); or mixed light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.4338, 0.4030, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.4562, 0.4260, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4299, 0.4165, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4147, 0.3814, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4373, 0.3893 (i.e., proximate to 3000 K); or mixed light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.4073, 0.3930, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.4299, 0.4165, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.3996, 0.4015, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.3889, 0.3690, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4147, 0.3814 (i.e., proximate to 3500 K). In a second aspect of the present inventive subject matter, there is provided a method of lighting comprising:
a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of solid state light emitters, (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors, and (3) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the second group of solid state light emitters produces a mixture of light having x, y coordinates on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which define a point which is within ten MacAdam ellipses of at least one point on the blackbody locus on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram, and a combination of (1) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of solid state light emitters, and (2) light exiting the lighting device which was emitted by the first group of lumiphors would, in an absence of any additional light, produce a sub-mixture of light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within a first area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to a fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38. In some embodiments according to the present inventive subject matter, if current is supplied to the first power line, substantially all of the light emitted by the lighting device is emitted by the first group of solid state light emitters, the first group of lumiphors and the second group of solid state light emitters.
each of the first group of solid state light emitters, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from 440 nm to 480 nm (in some embodiments, in the range of from 440 nm to 470 nm); each of the first group of lumiphors, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 560 nm to about 580 nm (in some embodiments, in the range of from 565 nm to 575 nm); and/or each of the second group of solid state light emitters, if illuminated, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from 605 nm to 630 nm (in some embodiments, in the range of from 610 nm to 620 nm). The present inventive subject matter further relates to an illuminated enclosure (the volume of which can be illuminated uniformly or non-uniformly), comprising an enclosed space and at least one lighting device according to the present inventive subject matter, wherein the lighting device illuminates at least a portion of the enclosed space (uniformly or non-uniformly).
if each of the first sub-group of light emitting diodes is illuminated and each of the first sub-group of lumiphors is excited, a mixture of light emitted from the first sub-group of light emitting diodes and the first group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first sub-group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which are within a first sub-group area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which is outside of the first area (defined above)(e.g., an area which is enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, and the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.5125, 0.4866, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896); if each of the second sub-group of light emitting diodes is illuminated and each of the second sub-group of lumiphors is excited, a mixture of light emitted from the second sub-group of light emitting diodes and the second sub-group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a second sub-group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which are within a second sub-group area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which is outside the first area (defined above) and outside the first sub-group area (e.g., an area which is enclosed by fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth line segments, the fifth line segment connecting a fifth point to a sixth point, the sixth line segment connecting the sixth point to a seventh point, the seventh line segment connecting the seventh point to an eighth point, and the eighth line segment connecting the eighth point to the fifth point, the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the sixth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38, the seventh point having x, y coordinates of 0.25, 0.29, and the eighth point having x, y coordinates of 0.30, 0.26); and if each of the first sub-group of light emitting diodes and the second sub-group of light emitting diodes is illuminated and each of the first sub-group of lumiphors and the second sub-group of lumiphors is excited, a mixture of light emitted from the first sub-group of light emitting diodes, the second sub-group of light emitting diodes, the first sub-group of lumiphors and the second sub-group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first group-second group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which are within the first area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram (i.e., enclosed by ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth line segments, the ninth line segment connecting a ninth point to a tenth point, the tenth line segment connecting the tenth point to an eleventh point, the eleventh line segment connecting the eleventh point to a twelfth point, the twelfth line segment connecting the twelfth point to a thirteenth point, and the thirteenth line segment connecting the thirteenth point to the ninth point, the ninth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the tenth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the eleventh point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the twelfth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the thirteenth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38). A variety of such lighting devices are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/857,305, filed on Nov. 7, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931�027 PRO and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/936,163, filed Nov. 7, 2007, the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In some embodiments according to the second aspect of the present inventive subject matter, the first and second groups of solid state light emitters are illuminated by supplying current to the first power line.
As used herein, the term �substantially� means at least about 90% correspondence with the feature recited.
The expression �lighting device�, as used herein, is not limited, except that it indicates that the device is capable of emitting light. That is, a lighting device can be a device which illuminates an area or volume, e.g., a structure, a swimming pool or spa, a room, a warehouse, an indicator, a road, a parking lot, a vehicle, signage, e.g., road signs, a billboard, a ship, a toy, a mirror, a vessel, an electronic device, a boat, an aircraft, a stadium, a computer, a remote audio device, a remote video device, a cell phone, a tree, a window, an LCD display, a cave, a tunnel, a yard, a lamppost, or a device or array of devices that illuminate an enclosure, or a device that is used for edge or back-lighting (e.g., back light poster, signage, LCD displays), bulb replacements (e.g., for replacing AC incandescent lights, low voltage lights, fluorescent lights, etc.), lights used for outdoor lighting, lights used for security lighting, lights used for exterior residential lighting (wall mounts, post/column mounts), ceiling fixtures/wall sconces, under cabinet lighting, lamps (floor and/or, table and/or, desk), landscape lighting, track lighting, task lighting, specialty lighting, ceiling fan lighting, archival/art display lighting, high vibration/impact lighting�work lights, etc., mirrors/vanity lighting, or any other light emitting device.
The expression �430 nm to 480 nm solid state light emitter� means any solid state light emitter which, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from about 430 nm to about 480 nm.
The expression �555 nm to 585 nm lumiphor� means any lumiphor which, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm.
The term �current�, as used in the expression �if current is supplied to the first power line� means electrical current which is sufficient to cause the 430 nm to 480 nm solid state light emitter(s) to emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from about 430 nm to about 480 nm, to cause the 555 nm to 585 nm lumiphor(s) to emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm, and/or to cause the 600 nm to 630 nm solid state light emitter(s) to emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 600 nm to about 630 nm.
(7) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/857,305, filed on Nov. 7, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931�027 PRO and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/936,163, filed Nov. 7, 2007, the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference;
(8) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/851,230, filed on Oct. 12, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME� (inventor: Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931�041 PRO and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/870,679, filed Oct. 11, 2007, the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
In some embodiments of the present inventive subject matter, a set of parallel solid state light emitter strings (i.e., two or more strings of solid state light emitters arranged in parallel with each other) is arranged in series with a power line, such that current is supplied through the power line to each of the respective strings of solid state light emitter. The expression �string�, as used herein, means that at least two solid state light emitters are electrically connected in series. In some such embodiments, the relative quantities of solid state light emitters in the respective strings differ from one string to the next, e.g., a first string contains a first percentage of 430 nm to 480 nm solid state light emitters and a second string contains a second percentage (different from the first percentage) of 430 nm to 480 nm solid state light emitters. As a representative example, first and second strings each contain solely (i.e., 100%) 430 nm to 480 nm solid state light emitters, and a third string contains 50% 430 nm to 480 nm solid state light emitters and 50% 600 nm to 630 nm solid state light emitters (each of the three strings being electrically connected to a common power line). By doing so, it is possible to easily adjust the relative intensities of the light of the respective wavelengths, and thereby effectively navigate within the CIE Diagram and/or compensate for other changes. For example, the intensity of red light can be increased, when necessary, in order to compensate for any reduction of the intensity of the light generated by the 600 nm to 630 nm solid state light emitters. Thus, for instance, in the representative example described above, by increasing the current supplied to the third power line, or by decreasing the current supplied to the first power line and/or second power line (and/or by interrupting the supply of power to the first power line or the second power line), the x, y coordinates of the mixture of light emitted from the lighting device can be appropriately adjusted.
(6) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/858,881, filed on Nov. 14, 2006, entitled �LIGHT ENGINE ASSEMBLIES� (inventors: Paul Kenneth Pickard and Gary David Trott; attorney docket number 931�036 PRO)and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/939,052, filed Nov. 13, 2007, the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference;
(8) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/853,589, filed on Oct. 23, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICES AND METHODS OF INSTALLING LIGHT ENGINE HOUSINGS AND/OR TRIM ELEMENTS IN LIGHTING DEVICE HOUSINGS� (inventors: Gary David Trott and Paul Kenneth Pickard; attorney docket number 931�038 PRO) and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/877,038, filed Oct. 23, 2007, the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference;
(9) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/861,901, filed on Nov. 30, 2006, entitled �LED DOWNLIGHT WITH ACCESSORY ATTACHMENT� (inventors: Gary David Trott, Paul Kenneth Pickard and Ed Adams; attorney docket number 931 �044 PRO), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and
Connected to the first string 41 of LED emitters are a current regulator 45, forty-seven red LEDs 16 a (shown in more detail in FIG. 6�only two are depicted in FIG. 8), and twenty-one greenish-yellowish emitters 16 b (each including a blue LED and a broad spectrum emitting lumiphor) (shown in more detail in FIG. 7�only two are depicted in FIG. 8).
Referring to FIG. 6, each of the red LEDs 16 a includes a red light emitting diode chip 21 (from Epistar in Taiwan, measuring 14 mils�14 mils, comprising AlInGaP and having a brightness of not less than 600 mcd), a lead frame 15 having a reflective surface 22, a copper wire 23, and an encapsulant region 24. The reflective surface 22 is made of silver. The encapsulant region 24 is made of Hysol OS 4000. The red LEDs 16 a are nearly saturated, i.e., they have a purity of at least 85%, the term �purity� having a well-known meaning to persons skilled in the art, and procedures for calculating purity being well-known to those of skill in the art. The red LEDs 16 a emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 612 nm to about 625 nm.
Referring to FIG. 7, each of the greenish-yellowish emitters 16 b includes a blue light emitting diode chip 31 (namely, a Cree XT LED (C460XT290) die with a wavelength range of from about 450 nm to about 465 nm, and optical power greater than 24 mW), a lead frame 15 having a reflective surface 32, a copper wire 33, an encapsulant region 34, and a broad spectrum emitting lumiphor 35. The reflective surface 32 is made of silver. The encapsulant region 34 is made of Hysol OS400 or GE/Toshiba Invisil 5332. The lumiphor 35 comprises a luminescent material consisting of QMK58/F-U1 YAG:Ce by Phosphor Teck�UK dispersed in a binder made of Hysol OS400 or GE/Toshiba 5332. The luminescent material is loaded in the binder in an amount in the range of from about 10 to about 12 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the binder and the luminescent material. The luminescent material particles have particle sizes in the range of from about 1.6 micrometers to about 8.6 micrometers, with the mean particle size being in the range of from about 4 micrometers to about 5 micrometers. The lumiphor 35 is spaced from the chip 31 by a distance in the range of from about 100 micrometers to about 750 micrometers (for example, from about 500 micrometers to about 750 micrometers, e.g., about 750 micrometers). The blue chip 31 emits light having a peak wavelength in the range of from about 450 nm to about 465 nm.
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