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Legacy publications Top Content​Browse the collection of publications commissioned to inform energy strategies and initiatives. They may be useful background research and come from a variety of sources.
The eastern Australian gas market is experiencing a period of significant transition with the development of coal seam gas (CSG) resources and the associated creation of an east coast Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) export industry.
In response to concerns about the dynamics of the eastern Australian gas market, the Department of Industry and the Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics (BREE) undertook the joint Eastern Australian Domestic Gas Market Study. Under the terms of reference released on 27 May 2013, the objective of the Study was to inform policy makers of the demand supply situation in the eastern Australian gas market and barriers to domestic gas supply over the period 2012-2023, as well as canvassing opportunities to improve market efficiency.
The Study was released on 3 January 2014, and is available below:
Eastern Australian Domestic Gas Market Study | Key findings
The eastern Australian market is undergoing substantial change as it moves towards first LNG exports from 2014, with gas production expected to triple to nearly 2,300 PJ/year by 2016.
Many long term domestic gas supply contracts will expire during the next few years and replacement contracts for supply need to be secured. While there are sufficient gas resources to meet both domestic and export needs, lack of transparency and uncertainty around whether supply can ramp up sufficiently quickly to meet demand and the cost of the new gas developments is affecting price discovery and disrupting contract activity. The Study examines drivers of these changes in the market as a context for policy.
The policy options canvassed in the Study focus on helping the market address the major sources of uncertainty through providing more information to the market and encouraging supply responses by addressing regulatory issues. In the longer term, there is an opportunity to inform the development of a new gas market reform agenda. The policy options are categorised under the six themes of:
Further reform of gas markets
Promoting gas supply competition
Improving the commercial and regulatory environment for gas infrastructure
Improving market data and transparency
Role for non-market inventions
As noted in the Study document, during the course of this work the Department commissioned advice from a number of consultants as input to its analysis. Reports by Intelligent Energy Systems (IES), Resources and Land Management Services (RLMS), and Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM) are available below.
Study on the Australian Domestic Gas Market - IES |
Eastern Australia Gas Reserves and Resources at 31 December 2012 - RLMS |
Gas Market Modelling - SKM |
Following the release of the Study, the Department invited stakeholders to make submissions on the issues presented in the Study, and any other matters they considered relevant. Submissions closed 7 February 2014. The following Guidelines to Submissions document was provided:
Guidelines to submissions | The following public submissions were received:
Argus Media Attachment 1
Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Attachment 1
Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Attachment 2
Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Attachment 3
Rio Tinto Alcan Rio Tinto Alcan Attachment 1
The Government released the Energy Green Paper on 23 September 2014. The Green Paper includes policy approaches to ensure reliable and affordable energy that, when used productively, supports business competitiveness, lowers the cost of living, and grows exports. The Government's response to these and the eastern Australian gas market and supply issues will be included as part of the Australian Government's Energy White Paper which will be released in due course. For further information on the Australian Government's response to eastern Australian gas market and supply issues please contact gas@industry.gov.au.
Gas Price Trends Review The opaque nature of Australia’s wholesale natural gas markets and the deregulation of natural gas retail markets in most states and territories mean there is limited information in the public domain about the gas prices paid by industrial and residential customers. The Commonwealth Department of Industry, Innovation and Science has commissioned Oakley Greenwood to review gas price trends. The report is intended to help fill this information gap and inform market participants, consumers and policy development. The report provides estimates of industrial and residential gas prices, the cost components of these prices and their historical trends, for each state and territory. The report also discusses the factors driving these price trends and provides background to the development of wholesale and residential gas markets. The analyses and opinions in the report are those of Oakley Greenwood and should not be taken to represent the opinions of the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, the Australian Government, or any state or territory government. The report has three accompanying spreadsheets covering the large industrial, small industrial and retail sectors, which provide the data on which the report is based.
For further information please contact GasPriceTrends@industry.gov.au
The Consultants commissioned to develop the Gas Price Trends Review, Oakley Greenwood, recently received additional data that impacted on the content for gas prices in Tasmania.
As a result, the Report has been revised with the replacement of one paragraph on under section 8.2.4 of the report relating to the Tasmanian gas market. Additionally, one minor change was made to the Chart Titles in the Residential Customer Data Spreadsheet to be consistent with the language provided in section 8.2.4. The revised version was published on 24 February 2016. Should you have any questions relating to the Report, please email GasPriceTrends@industry.gov.au. Gas Price Trends Report | Gas Price Trends Report, Large Industrial Customer Gas Price Trends Report, Residential Customer Gas Price Trends Report, NSW and Vic, Small Industrial Customer Energy Use in the Australian Residential Sector 1986–2020 (June 2008)
Commissioned by the Australian Government, Energy Use in the Australian Residential Sector: 1986-2020 is the second national baseline study on residential energy use. The first study was published in 1999 and provided a quantitative foundation for the development of greenhouse response measures. Part 1 - Energy use in the Australian residential sector 1986-2020B) Part 2 - Energy use in the Australian residential sector 1986-2020 Appendix A - Comparison of EES model outputs against top-down data sources Appendix B - Air conditioner sub-model Appendix C - Refrigerator and freezer sub-model Appendix D - Solar water heater performance attributes Appendix E - Model inputs—attributes Appendix F - Model inputs—ownership Appendix G - Model outputs Appendix H - Model inputs—Housing stock details Tenancy lighting report (October 2010)
A well designed and managed lighting system can lead to significant improvements in energy efficiency relating to office tenancies. Tenancy Lighting Report - October 2010 Technical resource on Sustainable mixed-use development: A framework for next steps (April 2005)
This report investigates the feasibility of producing a national technical resource covering sustainable built form at whole-of-development scale. It documents the findings of the stakeholder consultation process and sets out a proposed framework based on stakeholder recommendations. Technical resource on sustainable mixed-use development: a framework for next steps Inclusion of energy generation in building energy efficiency standards (May 2012) The report investigates the broad implications of allowing new residential and commercial buildings to achieve energy efficiency standards by offsetting the energy use of the building by the use of energy generated by zero and low emission energy generation (ZLEG) systems that supply the building. Inclusion of Energy Generation in Building Energy Efficiency Standards
Energy research for the Building Code of Australia - Volume 1 (September 2000) Part 1: International Survey of Building Energy Codes International survey of building energy codes) Part 2: A national approach to energy efficiency measures for houses, considers the feasibility of climate zone based residential building energy codes Feasibility study: a national approach to energy efficiency measures for houses Part 3: Impact of Minimum Energy Performance Requirements for Class 1 buildings in Victoria, examines the impact State-based regulation. Impact of Minimum Energy Performance Requirements for Class 1 Buildings in Victoria Identifying cost savings through building redesign for achieving residential building energy efficiency standards (May/June 2012)
Part 1: assesses typical housing stock to look at cost effective ways for the building shell to be redesigned to achieve 6 stars. Identifying cost savings through building redesign: Part 1 Sustainability House - Appendix 3: 1-10 (PDF 5.3MB) Sustainability House - Appendix 3: 11-20 (PDF 4.6MB) Part 2: investigates the highest possible star rating that can be achieved from a 6-star baseline without incurring additional construction costs. Identifying cost savings through building redesign: Part 2 Part 2: Dwelling reports 1-20 Pathway for low-energy, low-carbon buildings in Australia (July 2010)
Estimates low, medium and high scenarios for what could be achieved in terms of the thermal performance of the building shell and the energy used by fixed appliances and equipment within the building. Pathway for low-energy, low-carbon buildings in Australia Pathway to 2020 for increased stringency in new building energy efficiency standards (January 2012)
This Report analyses the range of cost-effective savings in the energy consumption of new buildings that could be achieved in Australia by 2015 and 2020, relative to buildings compliant with the 2010 version of the Building Code of Australia. Pathway to 2020 for Increased Stringency in New Building Energy Efficiency Standards: Benefit Cost Analysis —May 2012 Pathway to 2020: Technical appendices Quantitative assessment of energy savings from building energy efficiency measures
This study estimates the energy savings realised by a range of Commonwealth building energy efficiency measures over the period financial year 2002 to financial Year 2050, and also the costs associated with these measures.
Quantitative assessment of energy savings from building energy efficiency measures
Scoping study to investigate measures for improving the environmental sustainability of buildings materials (December 2006)
Scoping study to investigate measures for improving the environmental sustainability of buildings materials (December 2006). The research aims to identify and quantify the range of environmental impacts associated with the building fabric using life cycle analysis. It reviews the options for reducing these impacts and identifies a range of possible measures that could improve the sustainability of building materials across the life cycle/supply chain. Scoping Study to investigate measures for improving the water efficiency of buildings Scoping study to investigate measures for improving the water efficiency of buildings (December 2006)
This study combines information about water use patterns in urban areas; techniques and strategies that can be used to reduce water consumption in buildings; options for improving efficiency, and an analysis of the economic, social and environmental impacts of these options. Scoping Study to investigate measures for improving the water efficiency of buildings Share this Page