Source: https://greengain.eu/platform/literature/?posts_per_page=100&meta_key=country&order=ASC
Timestamp: 2019-10-21 01:32:03
Document Index: 173199044

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art. 10', 'Art. 17', 'Art. 49', '§ 3', '§ 1', '§ 2']

Literature - greenGain.eu INFORMATION PLATFORM
Federal Ministry for Economy, Family and Youth Ökostromverordnung (feed-in tariffs) 2012 - ÖSVO 2012 Federal Ministry for Economy, Family and Youth 2012 Show detail
Title (orig.): Ökostromverordnung (feed-in tariffs) 2012 - ÖSVO 2012
Green Electricity Act 2012
Ökostromverordnung (feed-in tariffs) 2012 - ÖSVO 2012
Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth National Renewable Energy Action Plan Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth 2010 AT Show detail
4.6 Specific measures for the promotion of the use of energy from biomass
4.6.2 Measures to increase biomass availability, taking into account other biomass users (agriculture and forest-based sectors)
Measures to encourage unused arable land, degraded land, etc. to be used for energy purposes
The cultivation of land for food products and the production of bioresources are not in competition in Austria according to the Federal Ministry of Agriculture.
Unused raw material potential arises primarily from the use of grassland for biogas production. Until a few years ago grassland was still hardly used, however in the near future it will be a very interesting source material for various types of usage (fibre, lactic acid, etc.) and subsequent biogas production.
Strategy to promote the production and use of biogas
Biogas is currently still mainly produced for generating sets which produce green electricity and heat. Because biogas is, besides stored hydropower, the only storable renewable energy source, biogas technology may be used for daily production right up to the peak electricity production in the future. Treated biogas has the same chemical composition as natural gas. Therefore the targets aimed at for the future are the integration of treated biogas into the natural gas grid as well as the sale of biogas to filling stations. According to the Biogas and Compost Association, the use of biogas as fuel is possible through the steady spreading of natural gas powered vehicles and natural gas filling stations (Biogas and Compost Association).
Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economics National Energy strategy Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economics AT Show detail
Title (orig.): National Energy strategy
Federal Ministry of Science Websites
Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy Electricity act (ElWOG) Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy 2010 AT Show detail
Title (orig.): Electricity act (ElWOG)
Electricity act (ElWOG)
Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy Natural gas act (GWG) Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy 2015 AT Show detail
Title (orig.): Natural gas act (GWG)
Natural gas act (GWG)
Federal-Regional Energy Consultation Group CONCERE-ENOVER BELGIUM National renewable energy action plan Plan Federal-Regional Energy Consultation Group CONCERE-ENOVER 2010 BE Show detail
Title (orig.): D’action national en matière d'énergies renouvelables; Nationaal actieplan voor hernieuwbare energie
Belgian authorities pursue a sustainable energy policy that takes into account the economic and social interests of the energy sector as well as the exhaustion of fossil resources and environmental concerns. In this context, renewable energy sources contribute to achieving the following targets:
reducing consumption of energy from fossil sources to safeguard future reserves
reducing greenhouse gas emissions; – reducing the country’s dependence on energy imports
minimising the impact of price fluctuations for energy from other sources
creating employment in the framework of an innovative economy
diversifying the available range of energy to improve the functioning of the energy market
In the field of electricity generation, Belgium has set up a scheme of green certificates and guaranteed minimum prices to support the development of electricity generation from renewable sources.
(LCMW) Relevance: Support the development of electricity generation from renewable sources
Belgium National Action Plan
PHILIPPE, Roi des Belges Quota System and Green Certificate Scheme PHILIPPE, Roi des Belges 2003 (last amended 2014) BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Quota System and Green Certificate Scheme
EUR 107/MWh for offshore wind energy (for installations with a financial close before 1/5/2014) for energy produced by first installed capacity up to 216 MW for each concession, and EUR 90/MWh for additional capacity, and at minimum prices equal to LCOE – [reference price of electricity – correction factor] for installations with a financial close after 1/5/2014, with LCOE = 138 EUR/MWh;
EUR 20/MWh for ocean energy (namely wave and tidal).
The Programme law of July 2005 called for the mandatory contribution by national transmission service operators (TSO) of up to EUR 25 million worth of undersea cables for each concession. An imbalance costs regime for offshore wind production has been put in place by the Royal Decree of 30/3/2009. Imbalance refers to when the electricity producer produces too much or too little electricity, and must pay the difference to the Regulator. The new policy provides a 10% price reduction on the daily market price for the imbalance cost, for output gaps up to 30 %, or has to be compensated by the producer for imbalances above 30 %, based on the TSO’s tariff for the compensation of imbalances or according to the market conditions for imbalance energy.
(LCMW) Relevance: Promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources
Quota System and Green Certificate Scheme
Flemish Ministry of Energy, Housing, Cities and Social Economy; Flemish Regulator of the Electricity and Gas market Flanders: Net-Metering (Mécanisme de compensation) Flemish Ministry of Energy, Housing, Cities and Social Economy; Flemish Regulator of the Electricity and Gas market 2012; 2014 BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Flanders: Net-Metering (Mécanisme de compensation)
Flanders supports electricity from renewable energy sources by means of a quota system, an ecological premium and a net-metering scheme. Regarding heating and cooling from renewable energy resources, the Flemish support scheme provides for a quota system. Grid operators and municipalities are responsible for setting up premium schemes. The access of electricity from renewable energy sources to the grid is regulated by the basic legislation on energy market and technical regulations by the Flemish Electricity and Gas Regulator (VREG). Electricity from renewable energy sources is given priority in both connection to and use of the grid. Distribution grid operators are obliged to finance grid expansion. Diverse policies are currently under discussion. The level of implementation differs. On 28 September 2012, the Energy Regulation has been revised transposing the building obligations for heat from renewable energy into Flemish law.
(LCMW) Relevance: Support on electricity from renewable energy sources
Flanders: Net-Metering
Flemish Ministry of Energy, Housing, Cities and Social Economy; Flemish Regulator of the Electricity and Gas market Flanders: Subsidy (Ecologic Premium Plus/Strategic Ecologic Support) Flemish Ministry of Energy, Housing, Cities and Social Economy; Flemish Regulator of the Electricity and Gas market 2014 BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Flanders: Subsidy (Ecologic Premium Plus/Strategic Ecologic Support)
Enterprises that make certain ecological professional investments in Flanders, can benefit from ecological aid in the form of an investment grant. The application for the ecology premium is made entirely electronically through the Internet.
In general, companies are stimulated to invest in environmental friendly and energy efficient technologies via a subsidy scheme consisting of the Ecologic Premium Plus (EP-PLUS) and Strategic Ecologic Support (EP-STRES). An ecologic premium plus (EP-PLUS) is paid to technologies registered within a limited technology list (LTL) compiled and revised by the Ministry on the basis of proposals made by VITO (Independent Research Centre). Technologies not singled out in LTL may apply for strategic ecologic support (EP-STRES).The subsidy is paid to companies that operate in the Flemish region (Art. 10 Decree on Economic Aid). For both, the support cannot be combined with green electricity certificates (Art. 17 6° Decree on Ecological Investment). Projects are selected on a call for project basis 3 times per year.
(LCMW) Relevance: Investment in environmental friendly and energy efficient technologies
Flanders: Subsidy (Ecologic Premium Plus/Strategic Ecologic Support)
FPS Public health - environment Decree on wood pellets for non-industrial heating appliances FPS Public health - environment 2011 BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Decree on wood pellets for non-industrial heating appliances
The Royal Decree of 5/4/2011 on wood pellets for non-industrial heating appliances establishes sustainability and physico-chemicals requirements for wood pellets.
(LCMW) Relevance: Wood pellets
Decree on wood pellets for non-industrial heating appliances
SPW-DGO4-Département de lénergie et du Bâtiment durable Energy Fund Grants for Small-Scale Heat Generation - Wallonia SPW-DGO4-Département de lénergie et du Bâtiment durable 2005; 2010 BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Energy Fund Grants for Small-Scale Heat Generation - Wallonia
As of 2006, the Walloon government awarded grants for the installation of micro-cogeneration systems and high-efficiency wood-burning furnaces and heating boilers. Households, entreprises, self-employed workers and private entities were all eligible to receive grants. Every year, the programme is reviewed, taking into account the evolution of technology.
(LCMW) Relevance: Grants for the installation of high-efficiency wood-burning furnaces and heating boilers
Energy Fund Grants for Small-Scale Heat Generation - Wallonia
Secretary to Energy and Administrations for Energy, Regional Energy Administrations (ANRE, DGTRE, IBGE-BIM) Access to the Grid (Renewables and CHP) Secretary to Energy and Administrations for Energy, Regional Energy Administrations (ANRE, DGTRE, IBGE-BIM) 2002 BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Access to the Grid (Renewables and CHP)
In April 2000, the federal government decided that all generators of electricity from renewable sources will become progressively free to choose their own electricity supplier if they use more electricity than they are able to generate. Consumers who buy a significant amount of their electricity from renewable sources are also eligible to choose their electricity supplier. When coordinating the call to electricity suppliers, the transport-grid manager, taking into account the needed supply security, gives priority to plants using renewable energy sources for power production, or to cogeneration units. The Flemish Parliament approved the decree regarding the liberalisation of the electricity market and marked the following categories as eligible:
Producers using quality CHP installations or renewables for electricity generation (up to a certain ceiling)
Consumers of renewables-generated electricity by means of a CHP unit (for a certain amount of electricity) or consumers using heat from CHP units or renewables
Consumers using heat from a supplier who generates this heat by means of CHP units or renewables (for a maximum of 500 kWh electricity per GJ heat)
In Wallonia, a corresponding decree was approved and aims to gradually open the market for producers using CHP and/or renewables for electricity generation, as well as consumers using renewable electricity and/or electricity generated by means of a CHP unit, or using heat from CHP units or renewables.
(LCMW) Relevance: Electricity from renewable sources
Access to the Grid (Renewables and CHP)
The Federal Ministry of Finance (Service Public Fédéral des Finances) Tax regulation mechanism (tax deduction on investments costs for companies) The Federal Ministry of Finance (Service Public Fédéral des Finances) 1992 (last amended 2014) BE Show detail
Title (orig.): Arrêté royal d'exécution du Code des impôts sur les revenus 92 du 27 Août 1993, lequel est dénommé, en abrégé, “AR/CIR 92” / Koninklijk Besluit Tot Uitvoering Van Het Wetboek Van De Inkomstenbelastingen 1992, Afgekort Als "Kb/Wib 92
Entitled companies may reduce their taxable profit by a fixed percentage of their investment in renewable energy installations. The regions are responsible for determining whether renewable energy installations are eligible or not (Art. 49 AR/CIR 92 referring to Annex II). The categories of eligible investments are listed within the appendix 1 of the form CEB 2 available in each region and referring to Annex II of AR/CIR 92.
The tax deduction amounts to 14,5% of the investment value for the fiscal year 2014 (Avis relatif à la déduction pour investissement).
Tax deductions on investments costs can be claimed through the tax return.
A certificate regarding investments for energy saving devices is necessary. The certificate is delivered by the regions, according to the investment location. The competent administration departments of the regions are to be found in the notice of the federal tax administration regarding the tax deduction on investments.
National: Tax regulation mechanism (tax deduction on investments costs for companies)
Bulgarian Ministry of Finance Excise Duties and Tax Warehouses Act Bulgarian Ministry of Finance 2013 BG Show detail
Title (orig.): Excise Duties and Tax Warehouses Act
Tax regulation mechanism: A reduced rate of excise duty is applied to unleaded petrol or gas oil if a share of 4 to 5% of bioethanol or biodiesel has been added.
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Bulgarian Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Credit Line (BEERECL) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) 2014 BG Show detail
Title (orig.): Bulgarian Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Credit Line (BEERECL)
BEERECL has been established to support industrial energy efficiency and small renewable energy projects in the private sector by using funding from the Kozloduy International Fund, which was created by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) in May 2002. BEERECL provides grants of up to 20 percent of the disbursed loan principle for RES projects financed prior to 30 September 2009, and up to 15 percent grants for financing received after the latter date. However, eligible Investments in biomass should have installed capacity of less than 5 MW electric output, and Investments in biomass heat only boilers with a thermal input higher than 10 MWth are subject to EBRD approval – No restrictions for biogas plants.
Bulgarian Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Credit Line (BEERECL)
State Energy and Water Regulatory Committee (SEWRC) Energy from Renewable Sources Act (ERSA) State Energy and Water Regulatory Committee (SEWRC) 2014 BG Show detail
Title (orig.): Energy from Renewable Sources Act (ERSA)
Grid connection. Part of the Energy from Renewable Sources Act (ERSA). Based on the regulations of the Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources and Biofuels Act, electricity distribution companies are obliged to purchase the electricity generated from geothermal and solar energy for 25 years, whereas from the other sources of RES, including biomass, the offtake obligation is fixed at 15 years. End suppliers are obliged to offtake the electricity produced by RES. Failure to do so will result in a penalty amounting to between BGN 7,000 (appr. EUR 3,600) and BGN 20,000 (appr. EUR 10,225).
Energy from Renewable Sources Act (ERSA)
State Energy and Water Regulatory Committee (SEWRC) Feed-in tariffs (FITs) for electricity from renewable sources State Energy and Water Regulatory Committee (SEWRC) 2014 BG Show detail
Title (orig.): Feed-in tariffs (FITs) for electricity from renewable sources
Feed-in tariffs (FITs) for electricity from renewable sources (2011 last updated 2015). Part of the Energy from Renewable Sources Act (ERSA). Producers that own power plants can sell the electricity with regulated prices (feed-in tariff), differentiated on the basis of type of technology (biomass-biogas), plant size and type of fuel (biomass waste, organic fraction of MSW, sewage sludge, agricultural biomass)
Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) Ministry of Economy, Energy and Tourism 2010 BG Show detail
Title (orig.): National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP)
Under the EU Directive 2009/28/EC member countries of the European Union are obliged to draft and submit to the European Commission National Renewable Action Plans (NREAPs) outlining pathway which will allow them to meet their 2020 renewable energy, energy efficiency and GHG cuts targets.
Bulgaria 2020 renewable energy targets:
Overall target: 16% of share of energy generated from renewable sources in gross final energy consumptions;
Heating and Cooling: 24% of heat consumption met by renewable energy sources;
Electricity: 21% of electricity demand met by electricity generated from renewable energy sources;
Transport: 8% of energy demand met by renewable energy sources;
Measures to promote the use of energy from renewable energy source that will facilitate achievement of above enlisted targets:
Obligatory connection of RES plant to the network;
Long-term power purchase agreements (25 years for electricity purchased from geothermal and solar plants, 15 years from hydropower plants up to 10MW and from any other type of renewable plant);
Obligatory purchase of the electricity from renewable energy producers;
Guarantees of origin;
Compulsory blending of biofuels;
Zero rate of excise duty for pure biofuels;
Short and long-term programmes aiming at development of renewables.
State Energy and Water Regulation Commission Bulgaria feed-in tariff State Energy and Water Regulation Commission 2011 BG Show detail
Title (orig.): Bulgaria feed-in tariff
In Bulgaria, electricity from renewable sources is mainly promoted through a feed-in tariff. Producers of electricity from renewable sources are contractually entitled against the grid operator to the purchase and payment of electricity at a guaranteed price. The connection of renewable energy plants to the grid is subject to the provisions of the general legislation on energy. Renewable energy is not given priority access. The use of renewable energy for heating and cooling is promoted through a subsidy from the European Regional Development Fund, several loan schemes and through an exemption for building owners from property tax. In Bulgaria, the main support scheme for renewable energy sources used in transport is a quota system. This scheme obliges companies importing or producing petrol or diesel to ensure that biofuels make up a defined percentage of their annual fuel sales. Furthermore, biofuels are supported through a fiscal regulation mechanism. The following policies aim at promoting the development, installation and usage of RES-installations in Bulgaria: There is a professional training programme for RES-installers as wells as a building obligation for the use of renewable heating and for the exemplary role of public authorities. eNERGY ACT 2013 (last amended mid-2015)
Bulgaria feed-in tariff
Baumgartner, Hansjakob Also in meadows grows energy wood Federal Office for Environment (CH), Magazine "Umwelt" 2010 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Auch in der Flur wächst Energieholz
Language: DE - CH
Meadows enrich the landscape among other also by providing important habitats for animals and plants. To fulfil this function on a long term regular maintenance work is necessary. The resulting woody biomass has a high potential to contribute to a climate neutral energy potential.
(LCMW) Relevance: In the city of Bern, biomass coming from LCMW is nearly completely used for energetic purposes. Description of the use of LCMW biomass in Switzerland.
Aktionsplan Holz: Auch in der Flur wächst Energieholz
Bundesamt für Umwelt (BAFU) & Bundesamt für Energie (BFE) Energy wood potentials outside of the forest in Switzerland Ernst Basler + Partner AG 2009 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Energieholzpotenziale außerhalb des Waldes
The aim of this study is to assess the potential amount of meadow wood (= wood growing on areas outside of forests) in Switzerland, how it is currently used and what gains and costs occur. The authors defined five sources for meadow wood (along roads, along rivers and lakes, urban green, hedgerows and agricultural areas). They used a GIS-model and conducted expert interviews for the data collection. The study showed that on 10 % of Switzerland’s area meadow wood is growing (400 000 ha) and that 420 000 t TS per year can be sustainably used. Over 80 % of the meadow wood is on urban or agricultural are and mostly in the region of the Swiss midland. Of today’s use only 54 % are used for energetic purposes, 39 % are left on the site and 7 % is used for material production. The profits and costs differ strongly between the regions. In some regions, the same material is sold and in others, disposal charges have to be paid.
(LCMW) Relevance: Broad overview of the situation of LCMW biomass in Switzerland.
Energieholzpotenziale außerhalb des Waldes (PDF)
Holzenergie (website)
Swiss Federal Office of Energy Pilot and Demonstration Program Swiss Federal Office of Energy 1977 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Pilot and Demonstration Program
Pilot and Demonstration Program
Swiss Federal Office of Energy Energy Research Program Swiss Federal Office of Energy 1977 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Energy Research Program
Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation Federal Energy Law/Energy Act Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation 2014 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Federal Energy Law/Energy Act
Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC) Action Plans for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC) 2007 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Action Plans for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
Action Plans for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
Swiss Federal Office of Energy SFOE Feed-in remuneration at cost for renewable energy sources Swiss Federal Office of Energy SFOE 2009 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Kostendeckende Einspeisevergütung (KEV)
Feed-in tariff at cost is an instrument that was developed by the federal government for the purpose of promoting electricity production from renewable energy sources. It covers the difference between the production cost and the market price, and guarantees producers of electricity from renewable sources a price that corresponds to their production costs. Feed-in tariff at cost is available for the following technologies: hydropower (installed capacity up to 10 megawatts), photovoltaics (installed capacity from 10 kilowatt), wind energy, geothermal energy, biomass and biological waste. Contributions are made to the associated fund by all electricity consumers, who pay a fee per consumed kilowatt hour.
The tariffs for power from renewable sources are specified on the basis of reference power plants for each technology and output category. The tariff is applicable for 20 years (10 years for biomass infrastructure power plants). In view of technological progress and the increasing degree of market maturity of new technologies, the tariff rates are subject to a regular review. Reductions only apply to new production facilities that are put into operation.
New facilities can be registered with the national network operator, Swissgrid. Due to the great demand, there is a long waiting list. Owners of small photovoltaic power plants (from 2 up to 30 kilowatt) can ask a unique capital subsidy. For more details, see the Swissgrid website.
For detailed information on the amount of base payments and wood bonus (Swiss Francs/kWh) see third link bellow.
Feed-in remuneration at cost for renewable energy sources
Conference of cantonal directors of energy departments, Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Swiss Federal Office of the Environment Building Renovation Program Conference of cantonal directors of energy departments, Swiss Federal Office of Energy, Swiss Federal Office of the Environment 2010 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Building Renovation Program
Building Renovation Program
Commission for Technology and Innovation CTI Action plan for coordinated energy research Commission for Technology and Innovation CTI 2013 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Action plan for coordinated energy research
Action plan for coordinated energy research
Federal Council Energy Strategy 2050 Swiss Federal Office of Energy SFOE 2011 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Energy Strategy 2050
Federal Office of Energy, Federal Office of Agriculture, Federal Office of Spatial Development and Federal Office of Environment Biomass Strategy Switzerland Federal Office of Energy, Federal Office of Agriculture, Federal Office of Spatial Development and Federal Office of Environment 2009 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Biomass Strategy Switzerland
Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation Federal Act on the Protection of the Environment Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation 2015 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Federal Act on the Protection of the Environment
Federal Act on the Protection of the Environment
Swiss Federal Council Ordinance on Air Pollution Control (OAPC) Swiss Federal Council 2016 CH Show detail
Title (orig.): Ordinance on Air Pollution Control (OAPC)
Ordinance on Air Pollution Control (OAPC)
Government Law N.174(I)/2006 - Law for the Promotion of Cogeneration of Power and Heat Government 2006 CY Show detail
Title (orig.): Law N.174(I)/2006 - Law for the Promotion of Cogeneration of Power and Heat
Law N.174(I)/2006 - Law for the Promotion of Cogeneration of Power and Heat
Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism Law on the Promotion of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism 2003 CY Show detail
Title (orig.): Law on the Promotion of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
Grant scheme for the promotion of electricity generation using wind, solar thermal, photovoltaic systems and the utilization of biomass – The minimum selling price of electrical energy that will be produced by utilizing biomass-landfill and fed to the transmission / distribution grid is 117.9 -97.4 Eur/MWh for the first 20 years. The grant, paid from the Special Fund for RES will result from the difference between the total selling price and the purchase price of electricity from renewable sources, by the electricity distributor as it is periodically determined by CERA. Note that if the purchase price kWh from the supplier surpass total selling price, then the supplier will pay the excess amount to the Special Fund for RES and RUE.
Government National Energy Efficiency Action Plan Of Cyprus Government 2014 CY Show detail
Title (orig.): National Energy Efficiency Action Plan Of Cyprus
Cuprus is a small and isolated system (an island country) without any interconnections to European or other energy networks (electricity, petroleum, natural gas) at present, Cyprus attaches great importance to energy efficiency aiming, inter alia, to improve energy supply security, increase competitiveness and ensure sustainable development/environmental protection. A set of Regulations published in January 2014, provides for the creation of a registry of certified installers of small RES systems for the f Installers of biomass boilers and heating appliances.
National Energy Efficiency Action Plan Of Cyprus
Ministry of Commerce, Industry and tourism National Energy Efficiency Action Plan Ministry of Commerce, Industry and tourism 2010 CY Show detail
Title (orig.): National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
National Renewable Energy Action Plan – The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism in cooperation with all others competent bodies, considered various scenarios regarding development plans for projects implementing renewable energy sources technologies in the sectors of electricity, heating/cooling and transport and selected the best scenario for Cyprus. The selection was based on the following criteria:
the obligation of the Republic of Cyprus to achieve the targets set by Directive 2009/28/•C for both the share of energy from renewable sources in the final consumption of energy and the rate of renewable sources consumed in transport;
the domestic renewable energy potential per technology;
the cost, maturity, efficiency, potential, development and social acceptance of each technology;
the cost and most efficient utilisation of the Special Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Conservation Fund revenue;
safe network operation and the potential of each technology with respect to stocks.
Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic State Energy Policy of the Czech Republic (2014 update) Ministry of Industry and Trade 2014 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Aktualizace státní energetické koncepce České republiky
The document sets a strategic task for the development of Czech energy for another 25 years. The mission of National Energy Policy of the Czech Republic is to provide reliable, safe and environmentally friendly energy supply for the needs of the population and national economy, and also to ensure that the Czech Republic will have a steady supply of energy in case of crisis situations.
The main reason for the approval of the State Energy Policy is needed to clearly articulate priorities and strategic objectives of the state within the energy sector and provide stability to investors, citizens and government in today’s turbulent and dynamic period.
National Energy Concept identifies strategic priorities, which should contribute to the fulfillment of top targets.
State Energy Policy of the Czech Republic (PDF)
Aktualizace státní energetické koncepce České republiky (ZIP)
Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic National Action Plan for Renewable Energy (2012 update) Ministry of Industry and Trade 2012 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Národní akční plán pro energii z obnovitelných zdrojů
The National Action Plan for energy from renewable sources sets a national target for the share of energy from renewable sources by 2020 in electricity, heating, cooling and transport. The publication describes the set and projected trajectory of achieving the sets objectives.
Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic Action Plan for Biomass in the Czech Republic for the period 2012-2020 Ministry of Agriculture 2012 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Akční plan pro biomasu v ČR na období 2012–2020
Biomass Action Plan in the Czech Republic for the period 2012-2020 presents an analysis of the biomass use in the Czech Republic for energy purposes, and proposes appropriate measures for sustainable agro-energy interconnections till the year 2020.
The material includes information on key areas of energy use of biomass, including the use of solid biomass for direct combustion to produce heat and electricity, biogas production and liquid biofuels and proposes appropriate measures for the sustainability of the biomass field by 2020.
Biomass Action Plan presents real potential of various types of biomass for efficient energy utilization.
The Biomass Action Plan is built on a previous similar document prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture for years 2009-2011, which indicated the possibility of biomass energy utilization.
Akční plan pro biomasu v ČR na období 2012–2020 (PDF)
Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic Energy options of biomass use Ministry of Agriculture 2013 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Možnosti energetického využití biomasy
This publication tries to indicate the possibility of biomass energy utilization, set up appropriate support mechanisms and the direction of development of technology for biomass utilization.
The booklet helps to zoom on the Biomass Action Plan 2012 – 2020 for citizens, to describe the potential of biomass, and discovers in detail the possibility of using biomass for wider public.
The publication is thus divided into three thematic sections, according to whom it is addressed, practical application of knowledge of Biomass Action Plan 2012-2020:
possibilities of cultivation and utilization of biomass energy in agriculture
possibilities of energy use of biomass in the municipalities
possibilities of energy use of biomass in households.
Možnosti energetického využití biomasy (PDF)
Havlíčková, K. et al. Analysis of the biomass potential in the Czech Republic The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening (RILOG) 2010 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Analýza potenciálu biomasy v České republice
This publication presents the outcomes of the MŽP SP/3G/24/07 project implemented by the The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening (RILOG), (in original Výzkumný ústav Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a okrasné zahradnictví, v.v.i. (VÚKOZ)). The book consists of eight chapters dealing mainly with determining the biomass potential of arable land and economy of energy from biomass There are 26 colored graphic attachments at the end of the publication, which display various map outputs describing the resource maps and the attachment. Potential of forest harvest residues by age levels is also indicated in this attachment.
Homepage of the institute
Parliament of the Czech Republic Energy Act (Act No 458/2000 Coll., on business conditions and public administration in the energy sectors) Collection of Laws of the Czech Republic 2000 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Zákon č. 458/2000 Sb., o podmínkách podnikání a o výkonu státní správy v energetických odvětvích a o změně některých zákonů (energetický zákon)
Energy Act (English translation)
Energy Act (original)
Parliament of the Czech Republic Waste Act (Act no. 185/2001 Coll.) Parliament of the Czech Republic 2001 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Waste Act (Act no. 185/2001 Coll.)
Waste Act (Act no. 185/2001 Coll.)
Parliament of the Czech Republic Act on support for the use of renewable sources of energy ( Act No. 180/2005 Coll.) Parliament of the Czech Republic 2005 CZ Show detail
Title (orig.): Act on support for the use of renewable sources of energy ( Act No. 180/2005 Coll.)
Act on support for the use of renewable sources of energy ( Act No. 180/2005 Coll.)
Tischew, S., Heck, P. Establishing an example of a regional energy cycle with biomass from LCMW in the natural park Unteres Saaletal with special consideration of a GIS- assessment on the long-term availability of the biomass potential DBU (Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt) 2013 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Etablierung eines beispielhaften regionalen Energiekreislaufs mit Biomasse aus der Landschaftspflege im Naturpark Unteres Saaletal unter besonderer Berücksichtigung einer GIS-gestützten Abschätzung des langfristig zur Verfügung stehenden Biomassepotenzials
1) Analyse status quo – classification of the research area with areal photos and existing data to select LCMW areas
2) Determination and definition of use- and maintenance- categories based on aims of nature protection
3) Establish 18 test areas to verify height classes, perform a biomass collection (harvest) and record data on vegetation and habitat.
4) Develop a procedure based on GIS to assess the biomass potential
5) Selection of several representative forest stands and record of random samples to derive forest stand types
6) Calculation of the biomass stock of the selected stands and calculation of the wood stock of the single stand types
7) Derive the actual useable biomass potential of all LCMW areas
8) Develop a regional concept for the use of wood from LCMW for a heating site in the primary school Wettin and make a cost calculation for the heating system
(LCMW) Relevance: Method for a comprehensive determination of the available standing woody biomass potential from LCMW
Stegner, Jan Framework for energetic utilization of biomass from landscape management in Saxony - Final Report Sächsischen Staatsministeriums für Umwelt und Landwirtschaft 2010 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Rahmenkonzept zur energetischen Verwertung von Biomasse aus der Landschaftspflege im Freistaat Sachsen – Abschlussbericht
Following topics are assessed:
Political and legal framework for energy recovery from biomass from landscape management
Volume of landscaping material in Saxony
Determination of energetic utilization demand for biomass from landscape management
Technical solutions for utilizing biomass from landscape management
Analysis and presentation of technological deficiencies and uncertainties exploitation potential
Regionalized analysis of acceptance for plant operators and farms with regard to their willingness to energetic utilization of biomass from landscape management
Suitable recycling methods and technologies for the energy use of landscaping material
Under the current technical and technological and politico-economic conditions, the energetic use of landscape material via biogas and combustion in small and medium combustion plants or large combustion plants are appropriate ways. Both pathways require further procedural and logistical improvement.
The energetic use of landscape material is currently in Saxony barely realized. Especially in biogas plants, energy use with small technical changes would be possible. However, the political and economic conditions contradict such use.
(LCMW) Relevance: The political and economic conditions contradict the utilization of this biomass type.
Rahmenkonzept zur energetischen Verwertung von Biomasse aus der Landschaftspflege im Freistaat Sachsen
Cremer, Tobias Mobilisation and economical utilization of raw wood from forests and landscape for energy production DBU (Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt) 2007 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Mobilisierung und wirtschaftliche Nutzung von Rohholz aus Wald und Landschaft zur Energieerzeugung
The aim of this project was to develop and implement optimised mobilisation, supply and logistic concepts for energy wood from forests and LCMW biomass for a concrete region. Existing and innovative technologies and organisational approaches for the supply of energy wood were further developed and combined. During this process, all affected regional actors were involved.
(LCMW) Relevance: A new approach for the assessment of the potential of LCMW biomass for energetic use was described.
Müller S., Steensen T., Büscher O., Jandewerth M. Preparation of a biomass potential map BIS-Verlag, Oldenburg (EnviroInfo Conference 2014) 2014 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Preparation of a biomass potential map
Proceedings of the 28th EnviroInfo 2014 Conference, Oldenburg, Germany (September 10-12, 2014)
Normally, there are no reliable data sources that give information about the objects of interest like hedges and vegetation along streets, railways, rivers and field margins. There is a great demand for an inventory of these biomass sources which could be answered by applying remote sensing technology. To generate that kind of spatial information, satellite imagery is used in combination with area-wide available GIS and elevation data.
(LCMW) Relevance: Biomass potential map of hedges and vegetation along streets, railways, rivers and field margins.
Preparation of a biomass potential map (PDF)
Morgenroth, Andreas The energy transition at the cemetery - production and use of renewable energies in cemetery open spaces Aeternitas e.V. - Verbraucherinitiative Bestattungskultur 2006 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Die Energiewende auf dem Friedhof - Erzeugung und Nutzung regenerativer Energien auf Friedhofsfreiflächen
Landscape architect Andreas Morgenroth describes the benefits and shows how to use renewable energy in cemeteries. He constitutes the framework of the energy transition and explains sustainability aspects of cemetery management, taking into account the special cemetery cultural concerns. On German cemeteries approximately 15,000 hectares are no longer needed for burials. The trend is towards small urn graves. Morgenroth explains several options of production and use of renewable energies and describes cemetery open spaces as predestined.
(LCMW) Relevance: Potential of landscape material from cemeteries for incineration and digestion.
Pressemitteilung: Friedhöfe könnten Energie erzeugen
Die Energiewende auf dem Friedhof (PDF)
Britton, Renée Bradford The potential for CO2 reduction of energetically used landscape conservation materials and green waste in the county Marburg - Biedenkopf, Germany Kassel University, Kassel, Germany and Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt (Master thesis) 2013 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): The potential for CO2 reduction of energetically used landscape conservation materials and green waste in the county Marburg - Biedenkopf, Germany
The goal of this thesis is to ascertain the annual average amount of green waste available from LCMW and to determine the potential of its energetic use and its positive contribution to the climate targets.
(LCMW) Relevance: Key messages and data for greenGain Approaches: Bio-waste management analysis in Marburg-Biedenkopf Literature review on relevant energy-conversion technology Overview on green waste in Germany, key stakeholders of the energetic use Importance of logistic for the use of green residues Determining the potential of the green residues for the energy utilisation (yield of methane) Tool for modelling CO2 emissions Case scenario for Marburg-Biedenkopf: coal vs. grass plant Transferability of the concept to Jamaican context.
BAFU & BFE Energy potencial of wood outside the forest: Study commissioned by the Federal Office for the Environment and the Federal Office of Energy BAFU & BFE 2009 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Energieholzpotenziale ausserhalb des Waldes; Studie im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Umwelt BAFU und des Bundesamtes für Energie BFE
In der Schweiz steigt die Nachfrage nach Energieholz. Aus diesem Grund wird auch ausserhalb des Waldes anfallendes Holz vermehrt genutzt. Bisher liegen kaum Informationen darüber vor, wie viel Holz ausserhalb des Waldes nachwächst und wie dieses Flurholz verwertet wird. Die vorliegende Studie trägt dazu bei, diese Lücke zu schliessen. Ein wichtiger Aspekt ist dabei die Potenziale an Flurholz in der Schweiz abzuschätzen. Weiter wurde untersucht, wie Flurholz verwertet wird und mit welchen finanziellen Aufwendungen und Erträgen die Bewirtschaftung von Flurgehölzen verbunden ist.
(LCMW) Relevance: Study on energy potencial of wood outside the forest.
Bioenergie-Region Ludwigsfelde Final report on "potential and possibilities of energy recovery from urban green cuttings (green cuttings, leaves, wood) in the bioenergy region Ludwigsfelde RegioFutur 2013 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Endbericht „Potentiale und Möglichkeiten der energetischen Verwertung von kommunalem Begleitgrün (Grünschnitt, Laub, Holz) in der Bioenergie-Region Ludwigsfelde Plus+
(LCMW) Relevance: Final report on "potential and possibilities of energy recovery from urban green cuttings.
Bioenergy Promotion Bioenergy Promotion Demo Region: Rotenburg (Wümme), Germany - Sustainable woody bioenergy resources from private forests and hedgerow maintenance Bioenergy Promotion 2014 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Bioenergy Promotion Demo Region: Rotenburg (Wümme), Germany - Sustainable woody bioenergy resources from private forests and hedgerow maintenance
Rotenburg (Wümme) County supports renewable energy mainly from biogas and woody resources through a strategy which was founded in 2007 and acts as a platform for commuication and information among related actors. This strategy is supported by addressing renwable energy in all mandatory publc planning like the Regional Development Plan (under renewal in 2014), the Regional Landscape Plan and the Concept for Climate Protection. Moreover, forestry-related, mostly EU-co-financed support schemes like site mapping, forest inventory and investment support provide good opportunities for assessment and utilisation of woody biomass, taking sustainability principles into account. A close cooperation exists between three local forest owners associations, which can form a basis for resliable supply of wood as an energy carrier.
(LCMW) Relevance: Project partner - greenGain.
BMU & UBA Ecologically sensible recycling of biowaste; Suggestions for municipal decision makers BMU & UBA 2012 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Ökologisch sinnvolle Verwertung von Bioabfällen; Anregungen für kommunale Entscheidungsträger
Die Bundesregierung will bis spätestens 2020 die Emission treibhausrelevanter Gase in Deutschland um 40 Prozent gegenüber 1990 reduzieren. Ziele, die sich nur durch eine nachhaltige Energiewirtschaft – der Einsparung von Energie, der regenerativen Energieerzeugung und einen effizienteren Energieeinsatz – erreichen lassen. Angesichts dieser hochgesteckten Ziele ist zu prüfen, welchen Beitrag die Abfallwirtschaft, und hierbei auch die Bioabfälle zur Erreichung
der Ressourcen-, Energie- und Klimaziele, künftig zusätzlich noch leisten kann.
(LCMW) Relevance: Recycling of biowaste.
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy Renewable Energy Sources Act Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy 2014 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG)
Crucial law for the development of renewable energies in Germany is the “2014 Amendment of the Renewable Energy Sources Act –EEG” supporting energy production from renewable sources. The objective of the EEG is to continue steady deployment of renewable energy in Germany in a cost efficient manner by fostering the integration of renewable energy sources into the market. The act aims to increase the gross consumption of electricity produced by renewable energies to 40%-45% by 2025 and to 55% – 60% by 2035. One mean to reach this goal is, among others, to rise the installed performance of biomass energy plants up to 100 MW per year (gross) (EEG, § 3(4)).
Mandatory direct marketing:
In order to better integrate renewable energy into the market, operators of new renewable energy plants are obliged to market their generated electricity directly, either independently or through a direct marketer. The EEG 2014 contains two ways of direct marketing:
direct marketing with the purpose of receiving a market premium (subsidised direct marketing) or
direct marketing without receiving a subsidy (other direct marketing).
The payment of the market premium requires that the energy is direct marketed. The Market Premium consists of the fixed statutory tariff of the respective renewable energy plant minus its technology-specific monthly market value.
Following plants are exempted from obligatory direct marketing:
Plants with a capacity no larger than 500 kW commissioned before 1st January 2016 and
Plants with a capacity no larger than 100 kW commissioned before 31st December 2015.
RES generators with a capacity up to 500 kW commissioned before 1st of January 2016 are supported via fixed feed-in tariffs. Plant operators may switch on a monthly basis between feed-in tariffs and a market premium or may benefit proportionately from the feed-in tariffs or the market premium.
In connection with the EEG the specifications for the energetic use of biomass are described in the Biomass Ordinance (BiomasseV). The Ordinance regulates for the scope of the EEG which materials are classified as biomass, what technical procedures for power production from biomass apply for the EEG and what environmental requirements have to be met when producing power with biomass (BiomasseV, § 1). In paragraph 2 the Biomass Ordinance defines, among others, organic waste as biomass according to § 2 Nr. 1 of the Ordinance for Organic Waste (BioAbfV). Here material from landscape and maintenance work without the main purpose of nature conservation is categorized as organic waste (BioAbfV, Annex 1) and the energetic use e.g. in biogas plants oblige different permission and must meet many requirements.
For detailed information on the exact requirements for the singe renewable energy sources, the given tariff amounts (Euros/kWh) and the particular regression rates see second link bellow.
2014 Amendment of the Renewable Energy Sources Act -EEG-
Feed-in tariff (EEG feed-in tariff)
Federal Environment Ministry Market Premium Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy 2012 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Market Premium
2014 Amendment of the Renewable Energy Sources Act EEG
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy CHP Agreements with Industry Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy 2012 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): CHP Agreements with Industry
CHP Agreements with Industry (Vereinbarung zwischen der Regierung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der deutschen Wirtschaft zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz)
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) Law on Energy and Climate Fund Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) 2011 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Law on Energy and Climate Fund
Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection and Federal Ministry of Education and Research Sixth Energy Research Programme Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection and Federal Ministry of Education and Research 2011 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): 6.Energieforschungsprogramm - Forschung für eine umweltschonende, zuverlässige und bezahlbare Energieversorgung
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) National Energy Action Plan Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB), European Comission 2010 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): National Energy Action Plan
Measures in Germany are the EEG, Combined Heat and Power Act and Market Incentive Program (all also separately listed)
Bundesregierung Energy Concept Bundesregierung 2010 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Das Energiekonzept: Deutschlands Weg zu einer bezahlbaren, zuverlässigen und umweltschonenden Energieversorgung
Das Energiekonzept: Deutschlands Weg zu einer bezahlbaren, zuverlässigen und umweltschonenden Energieversorgung
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy Renewable Energies Heat Act (EEWärmeG) Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy 2015 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Erneuerbare-Energien-Wärmegesetz
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety Bio Waste Regulation Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 1996 DE Show detail
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy Biomass Regulation Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy 2005 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Biomass Regulation
Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour Eco-Tax Reform Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour 1999 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Eco-Tax Reform
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety Federal Emissions Protection Ordinances (BImSchV) Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 2015 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): 1. BImSchV: Verordnung über kleine und mittlere Feuerungsanlagen
1. BImSchV: Verordnung über kleine und mittlere Feuerungsanlagen
Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety Federal Act for the Protection of Nature and Landscape Management Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 2010 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Gesetz über Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege
Untere Naturschutzbehörde Friesland, Lower Nature Protection Agency Friesland Brochure hedgerows on banks in Friesland Untere Naturschutzbehörde Friesland, Lower Nature Protection Agency Friesland - DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Wallhecken Landkreis Friesland
The brochure gives an introduction what defines hedgerows on bank (Wallhecken, Knicks) and shows their occurence in the county Friesland in the North of the German state Lower Saxony. Further, the history and ecological importance of hedgerows on banks is explained and what factors threatens their preservation. Finally, the brochure lists the measures necessary to protect and maintain these landscape structures and informs about the availalbe financial support for owners.
(LCMW) Relevance: Ecological, legal, treatment and financial information on hedgerows on banks
General information on hedgerows on bank on the homepage of the Lower Nature Protection Agency Friesland
PDF Brochure hedgerows on banks in Friesland (14.27 MB)
Rosenberg, Alexander Assessment of energy wood potential from roadside maintenance in the county Rotenburg (Wümme) Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen, Chamber of Agriculture Lower Saxony 2013 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Einschätzung des Energieholzpotenzials aus Straßenbegleitgrün im Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme)
This report describes the assessment of the biomass potential from roadside maintenance in the German county Rotenburg (Wümme) in the course of the EU INTERREG Baltic Sea Region project Bioenergy Promtion. The author describes the methodology of measuring hedge- and treerows along county roads and illustrates the estimation of vegetation type structures and maintenance urgency. Among other he also names options for efficient planing and implementation of the LCMW in this region.
(LCMW) Relevance: Biomass from roadside maintenance in the pilot region Rotenburg (Wümme)
PDF Report Bioenergy Promotion (1.24 MB)
Straub, Christoph Assessment of the energy wood potential and its availability in the forest and in the open country with new remote sensing methods Inaugural Dissertation at the Albert Ludwigs University in Freiburg in Breisgau 2010 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Erfassung des Energieholzpotentials und seiner Verfügbarkeit im Wald und im Offenland mit neuen Fernerkundungsmethoden
The aim of this thesis was to develop new methods to provide detailed information regarding the spatial distribution of biomass and those components that can be used for energy production using modern remote sensing techniques. An important aspect was the development of automated procedures with appropriate software solutions.
(LCMW) Relevance: Biomass assessment with remote sensing
Rösch, Christine Intercomparison of Approaches to Biowaste and Green Waste Utilization for Material and Energy Production with Particular Consideration of the Situation in Baden- Württemberg Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH 1996 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Vergleich stofflicher und energetischer Wege zur Verwertung von Bio- und Grünabfällen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Verhältnisse in Baden-Württemberg
In this work helpful tools were developed for decision making in policy, administration and economy, starting from systems analytical comparison of different approaches of biowaste and green waste treatment with a view to material and energy production. The methods included in the comparison are composting in the backyard, on agricultural fields, in special plants treating only green waste or biowaste and green waste, biowaste treating in biofermentation plants as well as the utilization of green waste and crop residues as biofuel in biomass power plants.
Download on Homepage of the Karlsruher Institute for Technology
Baur, Frank; Faßbender, Beate; Frantzen, Jörg; Speck, Mike; Springer, Mikael; Trapp, Manuel; Weiler, Katja; Wern, Bernhard; Ziegler, Claudia; Gebhard, Ralf Biomass potential analysis for the Saarland Ministerium für Umwelt, Energie und Verkehr des Saarlands 2011 DE Show detail
Title (orig.): Biomasse-Potenzialanalyse für das Saarland - Der Teilplan Biomasse zum Masterplan Neue Energie
A master plan “New Energy” has been developed in the German Saarland in order to describe the path to a sustainable energy supply, including the possibilities and necessary measures to be taken. The plan based, inter alia, on the regional potential for expansion of renewable energies. To this end, a range of potential analyses were carried out, the results of which are presented for the biomass sector as part of this report.
Download on homepage of the Institut for Future Energy Systems