Source: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2001-title40/html/USCODE-2001-title40-chap25-sec1401.htm
Timestamp: 2019-07-23 00:38:48
Document Index: 736362270

Matched Legal Cases: ['§5002', '§5001', '§5001', '§101', '§808', '§5001', '§4001']

CHAPTER 25 - INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
The term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
The term “executive agency” has the meaning given that term in section 403(1) of title 41.
(A) The term “information technology”, with respect to an executive agency means any equipment or interconnected system or subsystem of equipment, that is used in the automatic acquisition, storage, manipulation, management, movement, control, display, switching, interchange, transmission, or reception of data or information by the executive agency. For purposes of the preceding sentence, equipment is used by an executive agency if the equipment is used by the executive agency directly or is used by a contractor under a contract with the executive agency which (i) requires the use of such equipment, or (ii) requires the use, to a significant extent, of such equipment in the performance of a service or the furnishing of a product.
(B) The term “information technology” includes computers, ancillary equipment, software, firmware and similar procedures, services (including support services), and related resources.
(C) Notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (B), the term “information technology” does not include any equipment that is acquired by a Federal contractor incidental to a Federal contract.
(4) Information resources
The term “information resources” has the meaning given such term in section 3502(6) of title 44.
(5) Information resources management
The term “information resources management” has the meaning given such term in section 3502(7) of title 44.
(6) Information system
The term “information system” has the meaning given such term in section 3502(8) of title 44.
(7) Commercial item
The term “commercial item” has the meaning given that term in section 403(12) of title 41.
(Pub. L. 104–106, div. E, §5002, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 679.)
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this division” meaning division E (§§5001–5703) of Pub. L. 104–106, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 679, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of division E to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.
Section 5701 of title LVII of div. E of Pub. L. 104–106 provided that: “This division [div. E (§§5001–5703) of Pub. L. 104–106, see Short Title note below] and the amendments made by this division shall take effect 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Feb. 10, 1996].”
Section 5001 of div. E of Pub. L. 104–106, as amended by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, §101(f) [title VIII, §808(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–394, provided that: “This division [div. E (§§5001–5703) of Pub. L. 104–106, see Tables for classification] and division D [§§4001–4402 of Pub. L. 104–106, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996’.”
Section 5702 of title LVII of div. E of Pub. L. 104–106 provided that:
“(a) Regulations, Instruments, Rights, and Privileges.—All rules, regulations, contracts, orders, determinations, permits, certificates, licenses, grants, and privileges—
“(1) which have been issued, made, granted, or allowed to become effective by the Administrator of General Services or the General Services Board of Contract Appeals, or by a court of competent jurisdiction, in connection with an acquisition activity carried out under section 111 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 ([former] 40 U.S.C. 759), and
“(2) which are in effect on the effective date of this division [see Effective Date note above],
shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked in accordance with law by the Director or any other authorized official, by a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law.
“(b) Proceedings.—
“(1) Proceedings generally.—This division [see Short Title note above] and the amendments made by this division shall not affect any proceeding, including any proceeding involving a claim, application, or protest in connection with an acquisition activity carried out under section 111 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 ([former] 40 U.S.C. 759) that is pending before the Administrator of General Services or the General Services Board of Contract Appeals on the effective date of this division.
“(2) Orders.—Orders may be issued in any such proceeding, appeals may be taken therefrom, and payments may be made pursuant to such orders, as if this division had not been enacted. An order issued in any such proceeding shall continue in effect until modified, terminated, superseded, or revoked in accordance with law by the Director or any other authorized official, by a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law.
“(3) Discontinuance or modification of proceedings not prohibited.—Nothing in this subsection prohibits the discontinuance or modification of any such proceeding under the same terms and conditions and to the same extent that such proceeding could have been discontinued or modified if this Act [see Tables for classification] had not been enacted.
“(4) Other authority and prohibition.—Section 1558(a) of title 31, United States Code, and the second sentence of section 3552 of such title shall continue to apply with respect to a protest process in accordance with this subsection.
“(5) Regulations for transfer of proceedings.—The Director may prescribe regulations providing for the orderly transfer of proceedings continued under paragraph (1).
“(c) Standards and Guidelines for Federal Computer Systems.—Standards and guidelines that are in effect for Federal computer systems under section 111(d) of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 ([former] 40 U.S.C. 759(d)) on the day before the effective date of this division shall remain in effect until modified, terminated, superseded, revoked, or disapproved under the authority of section 5131 of this Act [40 U.S.C. 1441].”
Section 5703 of title LVII of div. E of Pub. L. 104–106 provided that:
“(a) Relationship to Title 44, United States Code.—Nothing in this division [see Short Title note above] shall be construed to amend, modify, or supersede any provision of title 44, United States Code, other than chapter 35 of such title.
“(b) Relationship to Computer Security Act of 1987.—Nothing in this division shall affect the limitations on authority that is provided for in the administration of the Computer Security Act of 1987 (Public Law 100–235) [enacting sections 278g–3 and 278g–4 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, amending section 759 of this title and section 272 of Title 15, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 1441 of this title and section 271 of Title 15] and the amendments made by such Act.”
Ex. Ord. No. 13011. Federal Information Technology
Ex. Ord. No. 13011, July 16, 1996, 61 F.R. 37657, provided:
A Government that works better and costs less requires efficient and effective information systems. The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 [44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.] and the Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996 [now Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, see Short Title note above] provide the opportunity to improve significantly the way the Federal Government acquires and manages information technology. Agencies now have the clear authority and responsibility to make measurable improvements in mission performance and service delivery to the public through the strategic application of information technology. A coordinated approach that builds on existing structures and successful practices is needed to provide maximum benefit across the Federal Government from this technology.
Section 1. Policy. It shall be the policy of the United States Government that executive agencies shall: (a) significantly improve the management of their information systems, including the acquisition of information technology, by implementing the relevant provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (Public Law 104–13) [44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.], the Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996 (Division E of Public Law 104–106) (“Information Technology Act”) [now Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, see Short Title note above], and the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–62) [see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 1101 of Title 31, Money and Finance];
(b) refocus information technology management to support directly their strategic missions, implement an investment review process that drives budget formulation and execution for information systems, and rethink and restructure the way they perform their functions before investing in information technology to support that work;
(c) establish clear accountability for information resources management activities by creating agency Chief Information Officers (CIOs) with the visibility and management responsibilities necessary to advise the agency head on the design, development, and implementation of those information systems. These responsibilities include: (1) participating in the investment review process for information systems; (2) monitoring and evaluating the performance of those information systems on the basis of applicable performance measures; and, (3) as necessary, advising the agency head to modify or terminate those systems;
(d) cooperate in the use of information technology to improve the productivity of Federal programs and to promote a coordinated, interoperable, secure, and shared Governmentwide infrastructure that is provided and supported by a diversity of private sector suppliers and a well-trained corps of information technology professionals; and
Sec. 2. Responsibilities of Agency Heads. The head of each executive agency shall: (a) effectively use information technology to improve mission performance and service to the public;
(b) strengthen the quality of decisions about the employment of information resources to meet mission needs through integrated analysis, planning, budgeting, and evaluation processes, including:
(1) determining, before making investments in new information systems, whether the Government should be performing the function, if the private sector or another agency should support the function, and if the function needs to be or has been appropriately redesigned to improve its efficiency;
(2) establishing mission-based performance measures for information systems investments, aligned with agency performance plans prepared pursuant to the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–62);
(3) establishing agency-wide and project-level management structures and processes responsible and accountable for managing, selecting, controlling, and evaluating investments in information systems, with authority for terminating information systems when appropriate;
(4) supporting appropriate training of personnel; and
(5) seeking the advice of, participating in, and supporting the interagency support structure set forth in this order;
(c) select CIOs with the experience and skills necessary to accomplish the duties set out in law and policy, including this order, and involve the CIO at the highest level of the agency in the processes and decisions set out in this section;
(d) ensure that the information security policies, procedures, and practices of the executive agency are adequate;
(e) where appropriate, and in accordance with the Federal Acquisition Regulation and guidance to be issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), structure major information systems investments into manageable projects as narrow in scope and brief in duration as practicable, consistent with the Information Technology Act, to reduce risk, promote flexibility and interoperability, increase accountability, and better correlate mission need with current technology and market conditions; and
(f) to the extent permitted by law, enter into a contract that provides for multiagency acquisitions of information technology as an executive agent for the Government, if and in the manner that the Director of OMB considers it advantageous to do so.
Sec. 3. Chief Information Officers Council. (a) Purpose and Functions. A Chief Information Officers Council (“CIO Council”) is established as the principal interagency forum to improve agency practices on such matters as the design, modernization, use, sharing, and performance of agency information resources. The Council shall:
(5) make recommendations and provide advice to appropriate executive agencies and organizations, including advice to OMB on the Governmentwide strategic plan required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995; and
(6) seek the views of the Chief Financial Officers Council, Government Information Technology Services Board, Information Technology Resources Board, Federal Procurement Council, industry, academia, and State and local governments on matters of concern to the Council as appropriate.
(b) Membership. The CIO Council shall be composed of the CIOs and Deputy CIOs of the following executive agencies plus two representatives from other agencies:
15. Environmental Protection Agency;
16. Federal Emergency Management Agency;
17. Central Intelligence Agency;
18. Small Business Administration;
19. Social Security Administration;
26. National Science Foundation;
27. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; and
28. Office of Personnel Management.
(a) Purpose and Functions. A Government Information Technology Services Board (“Services Board”) is established to ensure continued implementation of the information technology recommendations of the National Performance Review and to identify and promote the development of innovative technologies, standards, and practices among agencies and State and local governments and the private sector. It shall seek the views of experts from industry, academia, and State and local governments on matters of concern to the Services Board as appropriate. The Services Board shall also make recommendations to the agencies, the CIO Council, OMB, and others as appropriate, and assist in the following:
(1) creating opportunities for cross-agency cooperation and intergovernmental approaches in using information resources to support common operational areas and to develop and provide shared governmentwide infrastructure services;
(2) developing shared governmentwide information infrastructure services to be used for innovative, multiagency information technology projects;
(4) developing with the National Institute of Standards and Technology and with established standards bodies, standards and guidelines pertaining to Federal information systems, consistent with the limitations contained in the Computer Security Act of 1987 (40 U.S.C. 759 note), as amended by the Information Technology Act.
Sec. 5. Information Technology Resources Board.
(a) Purpose and Functions. An Information Technology Resources Board (“Resources Board”) is established to provide independent assessments to assist in the development, acquisition, and management of selected major information systems and to provide recommendations to agency heads and OMB as appropriate. The Resources Board shall:
(1) review, at the request of an agency and OMB, specific information systems proposed or under development and make recommendations to the agency and OMB regarding the status of systems or next steps;
(2) publicize lessons learned and promising practices based on information systems reviewed by the Board; and
(3) seek the views of experts from industry, academia, and State and local governments on matters of concern to the Resources Board, as appropriate.
(b) Membership. The Resources Board shall be composed of individuals from executive branch agencies based on their knowledge of information technology, program, or acquisition management within Federal agencies. Selection of members shall be made by OMB in consultation with other agencies as appropriate. The Chair will be elected by the Resources Board. The Resources Board may call upon the department or agency whose project is being reviewed, or any other department or agency to provide knowledgeable representative(s) to the Board whose guidance and expertise will assist in focusing on the primary issue(s) presented by a specific system.
Sec. 6. Office of Management and Budget. The Director of OMB shall:
(1) evaluate agency information resources management practices and, as part of the budget process, analyze, track and evaluate the risks and results of all major capital investments for information systems;
(2) notify an agency if it believes that a major information system requires outside assistance;
(3) provide guidance on the implementation of this order and on the management of information resources to the executive agencies and to the Boards established by this order; and
(4) evaluate the effectiveness of the management structure set out in this order after 3 years and make recommendations for any appropriate changes.
Sec. 7. General Services Administration. Under the direction of OMB, the Administrator of General Services shall:
(1) continue to manage the FTS2000 program and coordinate the follow-on to that program, on behalf of and with the advice of customer agencies;
(2) develop, maintain, and disseminate for the use of the Federal community, as requested by OMB or the agencies, recommended methods and strategies for the development and acquisition of information technology;
(3) conduct and manage outreach programs in cooperation with agency managers;
(4) be a focal point for liaison on information resources management, including Federal information technology, with State and local governments, and with nongovernmental international organizations subject to prior consultation with the Secretary of State to ensure such liaison would be consistent with and support overall United States foreign policy objectives;
(6) assist OMB, as requested, in evaluating agencies’ performance-based management tracking systems and agencies’ achievement of cost, schedule, and performance goals; and
(7) provide support and assistance to the interagency groups established in this order.
Sec. 8. Department of Commerce. The Secretary of Commerce shall carry out the standards responsibilities under the Computer Security Act of 1987 [40 U.S.C. 1441 note], as amended by the Information Technology Act, taking into consideration the recommendations of the agencies, the CIO Council, and the Services Board.
Sec. 10. Definitions. (a) “Executive agency” has the meaning given to that term in section 4(1) of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act (41 U.S.C. 403(1)).
(b) “Information Technology” has the meaning given that term in section 5002 of the Information Technology Act [40 U.S.C. 1401].
(c) “Information resources” has the meaning given that term in section 3502(6) of title 44, United States Code.
(d) “Information resources management” has the meaning given that term in section 3502(7) of title 44, United States Code.
(e) “Information system” has the meaning given that term in section 3502(8) of title 44, United States Code.
(f) “Affinity group” means any interagency group focussed on a business or technology area with common information technology or customer requirements. The functions of an affinity group can include identifying common program goals and requirements; identifying opportunities for sharing information to improve quality and effectiveness; reducing costs and burden on the public; and recommending protocols and other standards, including security standards, to the National Institute of Standards and Technology for Governmentwide applicability, for action in accordance with the Computer Security Act of 1987 [40 U.S.C. 1441 note], as amended by the Information Technology Act.
(g) “National security system” means any telecommunications or information system operated by the United States Government, the function, operation, or use of which (1) involves intelligence activities; (2) involves cryptologic activities related to national security; (3) involves command and control of military forces; (4) involves equipment that is an integral part of a weapon or weapons system; or (5) is critical to the direct fulfillment of military or intelligence missions, but excluding any system that is to be used for routine administrative and business applications (including payroll, finance, logistics, and personnel management applications).
Sec. 11. Applicability to National Security Systems.
The heads of executive agencies shall apply the policies and procedures established in this order to national security systems in a manner consistent with the applicability and related limitations regarding such systems set out in the Information Technology Act.
Sec. 12. Judicial Review. Nothing in this Executive order shall affect any otherwise available judicial review of agency action. This Executive order is intended only to improve the internal management of the executive branch and does not create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or equity by a party against the United States, its agencies or instrumentalities, its officers or employees, or any other person.
Sec. 4. Office of Management and Budget. The Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in carrying out responsibilities under the Clinger-Cohen Act [probably means the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, see Short Title note above], shall utilize appropriate oversight mechanisms to foster agency compliance with the policies set forth in this order. In carrying out these responsibilities, the Director shall consider any recommendations made by the Council under section 3 of this order regarding practices and policies to be instituted on a government-wide basis to carry out this order.
This section is referred to in title 10 section 2223; title 29 section 794d; title 44 sections 3502, 3532.