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IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, AS AMENDED AND - PDF
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1 Ontario Commission des P.O. Box 55, 19 th Floor CP 55, 19e étage Securities valeurs mobilières 20 Queen Street West 20, rue queen ouest Commission de l Ontario Toronto ON M5H 3S8 Toronto ON M5H 3S8 IN THE MATTER OF THE SECURITIES ACT R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, AS AMENDED AND NORSHIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT (CANADA) LTD., OLYMPUS UNITED GROUP INC., JOHN XANTHOUDAKIS, DALE SMITH AND PETER KEFALAS REASONS AND DECISION (Section 127 of the Securities Act) Hearing: October 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 2008 November 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 2008 December 8, 11, 2008 May 5, 6, 2009 Decision: March 8, 2010 Panel: Wendell S. Wigle, Q.C. - Commissioner (Chair of the Panel) David L. Knight, F.C.A. - Commissioner Margot C. Howard, CFA - Commissioner Counsel: Melissa MacKewn - for Staff of the Ontario Securities Pamela Foy Commission Alistair Crawley Éric Cadi - for John Xanthoudakis and Dale Smith - for Peter Kefalas2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. OVERVIEW... 1 A. INTRODUCTION... 1 B. BACKGROUND The Norshield Investment Structure History of Appointment of Monitor and Receiver Procedural History Witnesses... 7 C. THE ALLEGATIONS... 8 D. THE RESPONDENTS NAM Olympus United Group Xanthoudakis Smith Kefalas E. OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF THE NORSHIELD INVESTMENT STRUCTURE 12 F. THE ADMISSIBILITY OF CERTAIN TRANSCRIPTS Submissions The Law Ruling II. ANALYSIS A. WERE XANTHOUDAKIS AND SMITH DIRECTING MINDS OF THE NORSHIELD INVESTMENT STRUCTURE? Submissions Analysis Conclusion B. DID NAM, OLYMPUS UNITED GROUP, XANTHOUDAKIS AND SMITH, FAIL TO DEAL FAIRLY, HONESTLY AND IN GOOD FAITH WITH CLIENTS? Submissions The Law Analysis (a) Management of Investor Funds i. In-kind Investments ii. Commingling of Funds iii. Third Party Payments (b) NAV Calculations i. Mosaic s Non-Hedged Assets ii. Option Transactions iii. Other Assets iv. Valuations (c) Conduct Surrounding Redemption Requests i. Use of Subscription Funds to pay Redemptions ii. The MS-II Transactions Conclusion ii3 C. DID NAM AND OLYMPUS UNITED GROUP FAIL TO KEEP PROPER BOOKS AND RECORDS FOR THE ENTITIES IN THE NORSHIELD INVESTMENT STRUCTURE? Submissions The Law Analysis Conclusion D. AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THEIR POSITIONS OF SENIORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY AND IN THEIR POSITIONS AS OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF NAM AND/OR OLYMPUS UNITED GROUP, DID XANTHOUDAKIS AND SMITH AUTHORIZE, PERMIT OR ACQUIESCE IN THE ALLEGED VIOLATIONS OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF ONTARIO SECURITIES LAWS AND BREACHES OF DUTIES DISCUSSED IN B AND C ABOVE? The Law Analysis and Conclusion E. DID THE OFFERING MEMORANDUM FILED AND DISTRIBUTED BY OLYMPUS UNITED GROUP CONTAIN MISLEADING INFORMATION AND/OR FAIL TO STATE FACTS WHICH WERE REQUIRED TO BE STATED? Submissions The Law Analysis content of the offering memorandum Analysis issuer of the offering memorandum Conclusion F. AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THEIR POSITIONS OF SENIORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY AND IN THEIR POSITIONS AS OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF OLYMPUS UNITED GROUP, DID XANTHOUDAKIS AND SMITH AUTHORIZE, PERMIT OR ACQUIESCE IN THE ALLEGED VIOLATIONS OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF ONTARIO SECURITIES LAWS AND BREACHES OF DUTY DISCUSSED IN E, ABOVE? G. DID XANTHOUDAKIS AND SMITH KNOWINGLY MAKE STATEMENTS AND PROVIDE EVIDENCE AND INFORMATION TO STAFF THAT WAS MATERIALLY MISLEADING AND/OR FAIL TO STATE FACTS WHICH WERE REQUIRED TO BE STATED IN AN EFFORT TO HIDE VIOLATIONS OF ONTARIO SECURITIES LAWS? Submissions The Law Analysis Conclusion H. WAS THE COURSE OF CONDUCT ENGAGED IN BY XANTHOUDAKIS, SMITH AND KEFALAS ABUSIVE TO THE INTEGRITY OF ONTARIO S CAPITAL MARKETS, DID IT COMPROMISE THE INTEGRITY OF ONTARIO S CAPITAL MARKETS, OR WAS IT OTHERWISE CONTRARY TO THE PUBLIC INTEREST? Submissions The Law Analysis Conclusion III. CONCLUSION APPENDIX A... i iii4 REASONS AND DECISION I. OVERVIEW A. Introduction [1] This was a hearing on the merits before the Ontario Securities Commission (the Commission ) pursuant to section 127 of the Securities Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.5, as amended (the Act ) to consider whether Norshield Asset Management (Canada) Ltd. ( NAM ), Olympus United Group Inc. ( Olympus United Group ), John Xanthoudakis ( Xanthoudakis ), Dale Smith ( Smith ) and Peter Kefalas ( Kefalas ) (collectively, the Respondents ) breached Ontario securities laws and acted contrary to the public interest. [2] This matter (the Proceeding ) arose out of a Notice of Hearing issued by the Commission on October 11, 2006 in relation to a Statement of Allegations issued by Staff of the Commission ( Staff ) on the same day. On October 20, 2006, the then existing Temporary Cease Trade Order was extended until the completion of the Proceeding. After a series of adjournments due to issues concerning disclosure, the hearing on the merits began on October 27, [3] Staff submit that Xanthoudakis and Smith operated an investment structure that resulted in the loss of most of the $159 million invested by 1,900 Canadian retail investors. [4] Staff allege that the Respondents breached Ontario securities laws by failing to communicate the true nature of the investment structure and to account for the funds invested. [5] The Respondents acknowledge that investors lost money as a result of the failure of the investment structure. However, they claim that this failure is not the result of any intentional and/or wrongful conduct on their part. [6] Staff submit that the funds under the direction of NAM, Olympus United Group, Xanthoudakis and Smith were managed improperly. They submit that proper records were not kept, that independent and reliable valuations were not made, and that investors were not informed of the nature of their investments. The allegations are set out in paragraph 37 of these Reasons and Decision. [7] It is the position of Xanthoudakis and Smith that the investment platform they managed operated in a manner consistent with what was represented to investors and to the public. Xanthoudakis and Smith submit that the records of NAM, Olympus United Group and the other entities that they were responsible for were properly maintained, and that the evidentiary record is incomplete with respect to the state of record-keeping below the levels they were responsible for in the investment structure. [8] We find that the Respondents were in breach of Ontario securities laws and acted contrary to the public interest, as discussed below. 15 B. Background 1. The Norshield Investment Structure [9] The Norshield Investment Structure is a complex corporate structure that stretches across multiple jurisdictions. It was designed to raise and manage retail and institutional funds (the Norshield Investment Structure ). Retail investors were generally issued shares at the Olympus United Funds Corporation ( Olympus United Funds ) level and institutional investments came in at the Olympus Univest Ltd. ( Olympus Univest ) level of the structure. Retail investors were issued shares in Olympus United Funds pursuant to a series of offering memoranda. Shares of Olympus United Funds were marketed by Olympus United Group. NAM provided portfolio management services to Olympus United Funds. For a somewhat more detailed description of the companies involved in the Norshield Investment Structure, see Appendix A attached to these Reasons and Decision. [10] Throughout the hearing, we heard from Staff that the nature of the investment that retail investors thought they were getting when they purchased shares of Olympus United Funds was dramatically different from what they actually received. At its simplest, retail investors thought that they were investing in funds which provided them with access to a portfolio of hedge fund managers which they would have had difficulty accessing on their own due to the minimum investment requirement with each hedge fund manager. While a straightforward concept, the execution of this strategy was to be achieved through a number of different corporate entities in various jurisdictions, as follows: Retail Investors (Canada) Olympus United Funds Corporation (Canada) (classes of shares that correspond to different strategies, marketed by Olympus United Group) Olympus United Bank & Trust SCC (Barbados) (in segregated cells to correspond to share classes of Olympus United Funds) 85% to 90% 10% to 15% Olympus Univest Ltd. (Bahamas) (in various funds that correspond to the strategy chosen) Managed Futures & Tactical Trading (primarily managed by NAM) [11] Retail investor funds were to flow from Olympus United Funds into segregated asset cells of Olympus United Bank and Trust SCC ( Olympus Bank ), a licensed offshore bank based in the Barbados. Under Barbados company law, segregated asset cells are used to protect assets from creditors with respect to obligations arising from 26 transactions involving other segregated assets and non-cellular assets. Investing through Olympus Bank was meant to provide tax advantages to Canadian retail investors. [12] According to the evidence presented at the hearing, 10 to 15 percent of the funds held by Olympus Bank were invested in an in-house overlay program, which was involved in managed futures and tactical trading. The Olympus United Funds offering memorandum dated June 21, 2004 described tactical trading as a market timing system that invests in futures and commodity contracts, equities, exchange-traded funds, fixed-income instruments, swaps and other derivatives with the objective of achieving high risk-adjusted returns that have a low correlation with traditional market indices. The remaining 85 to 90 percent of retail investor funds went to share classes of Olympus Univest. [13] At the Olympus Univest level, additional funds entered the Norshield Investment Structure from institutional and individual investors who received non-voting preference shares in Olympus Univest. At the Olympus Univest level, investments from retail and institutional investors were to be directed into various investment funds, corresponding to investors chosen strategies. [14] It is Staff s submission that what actually occurred was that funds raised from retail investors were not substantially, directly or indirectly, invested in a portfolio of hedge fund managers. Instead, funds from Olympus Univest were invested in Mosaic Composite (U.S.) Inc. ( Mosaic Composite ), a corporation with share classes that corresponded to each of the nine Olympus Univest investment funds. Mosaic Composite was originally incorporated and domiciled in the Bahamas and subsequently domiciled in the United States. [15] According to a document prepared by Smith and given to RSM Richter Inc. (appointed as Receiver of NAM in June 2005), Olympus Univest and Mosaic Composite had an investment agreement. Pursuant to this agreement, there was apparently a notional separation of Mosaic Composite assets into two categories, hedged assets, for the exclusive benefit of Olympus Univest shareholders, and non-hedged assets, for the exclusive benefit of Mosaic Composite. [16] The hedged assets included an option from the Royal Bank of Canada ( RBC ) that increased or decreased in value based on the performance of the underlying hedge fund portfolios (the SOHO Option ). [17] The SOHO Option was a derivative purchased from RBC with a portion of investors funds to provide the returns that would otherwise have been achieved if the funds were directly invested in a portfolio of different hedge fund managers (the reference portfolio ). [18] RSM Richter Inc. ( RSM Richter or the Receiver ) described the SOHO Option as follows: The RBC SOHO Option is a financial instrument by which [Mosaic Composite] could gain access to a basket of portfolio investments upon 37 payment to the Royal Bank of Canada of [a Premium] which was equal to a percentage (between 15% and 25%) of a total value of said basket of portfolio investments ([Exposure]). The difference between the Premium and the Exposure represented the leverage that was inherent in the RBC SOHO Option Exhibit 9 Report of RSM Richter Inc. in its Capacity as the Court- Appointed Receiver of the Norshield Companies, September 16, 2008 at para [19] The bulk of the remainder of the funds were invested in a portfolio of equity investments through four Bahamian funds (collectively, the Channel Funds ). The Channel Funds consisted of Channel Fixed Income Fund Ltd., Channel F.S. Fund Ltd., Channel Technology Fund Ltd. and Channel Diversified Private Equity Fund Ltd. Any remaining funds were either disbursed or invested in other assets. [20] Some evidence presented indicates that 10 to 15 percent of the funds at the Olympus Univest level were placed in in-house tactical trading and managed futures accounts, which were managed by entities owned by Xanthoudakis. However, as noted earlier, we also heard evidence that the in-house accounts were funded at the Olympus Bank level. Consequently, it appears that investor funds were placed into the in-house accounts at both the Olympus Bank and Olympus Univest levels. [21] A simplified organization chart on the next page provides the highlights of Staff s assertions concerning the flow of funds. 48 Retail Investors (Canada) Olympus United Funds Corporation (Canada) (classes of shares that correspond to different strategies) Olympus United Bank & Trust SCC (Barbados) (in segregated cells to correspond to share classes of Olympus United Funds) 85% to 90% 10% to 15% Olympus Univest Ltd. (Bahamas) Managed Futures & Tactical Trading (primarily managed by NAM) Mosaic Composite Limited (was Bahamas, then U.S.A.) Channel Funds (primarily held equity investments in private companies) SOHO Option & Tactical Trading and Managed Futures Disbursements & Other Assets [22] Ultimately, the value of the investments in the Channel Funds and the other assets fell far short of the funds invested in them and there is little residual value remaining for retail and institutional investors. The task of surfacing value has been complicated by missing or incomplete records, multiple jurisdictions, competing claims and intercorporate transfers. While Staff have brought several allegations against the Respondents, a number of them revolve around whether Xanthoudakis and Smith were the directing minds and management of the investment structure and whether the net asset values ( NAV s) used to sell and redeem fund units, including those to Ontario retail investors, were calculated properly. 59 2. History of Appointment of Monitor and Receiver [23] On May 13, 2005, the Commission suspended NAM s registration pursuant to subsection 127(1) of the Act because it was operating without a registered advising and compliance officer. The Commission revoked its May 13, 2005 Order on May 16, 2005 when an advising and compliance officer for NAM was registered with the Commission. [24] On May 20, 2005, NAM s registration was temporarily suspended (the Temporary Order ) pursuant to section 127(1) of the Act, and the Commission ordered that NAM retain a monitor selected by the Commission. [25] On June 1, 2005, RSM Richter was appointed Monitor. On June 29, 2005, RSM Richter was appointed Receiver of NAM and a number of related entities by the Ontario Superior Court, upon a motion by Staff. The Commission consequently revoked RSM Richter s retainer as Monitor. [26] RSM Richter also obtained court appointments in other jurisdictions. There were additional liquidators, receivers and monitors appointed in different jurisdictions for recovery of the assets of other companies in the Norshield Investment Structure. In its reports, the Receiver used information obtained from these sources. 3. Procedural History [27] The hearing on the merits began on October 27, 2008, and ran until May 6, Fourteen days of evidence were concluded on November 17, 2008, with oral submissions scheduled for December 8, [28] On November 23, 2008, the Chair of the Commission made comments aired on the television program CBC News: Sunday Night which became the subject of further proceedings before the Commission and the Divisional Court of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice ( Divisional Court ). [29] On November 28, 2008, Xanthoudakis and Smith filed an application for judicial review with the Divisional Court for an order staying the Proceeding. Staff brought a cross-motion to quash this application on the grounds that it was premature. [30] The Court found that the motion to quash the application was a discretionary remedy which should properly be heard before a full Divisional Court panel. The Divisional Court found that the application for a stay was premature; that it should be heard on the basis of a full record, including a decision. The Divisional Court did not quash the application and did not grant an interim stay of the Proceeding. (Dale Smith v. Ontario Securities Commission (5 December 2008), Toronto DC JR (Ont. Div. Ct.)). [31] On December 11, 2008, the Commission heard a motion for an order staying the Proceeding against Xanthoudakis and Smith. The Panel considered whether the Commission lacked jurisdiction because there was a reasonable apprehension of bias on three grounds: systemic or structural bias, institutional impartiality and corporate taint. 610 [32] In a separate decision released February 3, 2009 (Re Norshield Asset Management (Canada) Ltd. (2009), 32 O.S.C.B. 1249) (the Stay Decision ), the Panel determined that there was no reasonable apprehension of bias on the part of the Commission. Therefore, the motion requesting a stay was dismissed. [33] Xanthoudakis and Smith appealed the Stay Decision to the Divisional Court. They brought a motion to stay the Proceeding pending the disposition of the appeal. The Court found that the record was now complete with respect to the issue of bias, but found that the balance of convenience did not favour a stay. The Divisional Court determined that it could address the issues in this appeal, along with any others, once the Proceeding is completed before the Commission (Xanthoudakis et al. v. Ontario Securities Commission (27 April 2009), Toronto DC (Ont. Div. Ct.)). 4. Witnesses [34] During the hearing, we heard evidence from the following witnesses called by Staff: (i) Adam Patterson ( Patterson ) was hired by Xanthoudakis in mid-2001 to work out of the NAM Toronto office in a marketing capacity with institutional clients. In late 2002, Patterson also assumed a compliance role, overseeing wholesalers who were selling Olympus United Funds to the brokerage and retail advisor network. (ii) Jeffrey Allan Young ( Young ) was hired as NAM s Director of Research at the Toronto office in April His role was to act as a technical resource to Olympus United Funds wholesalers. This involved researching alternative investment strategies, explaining the investment product geared towards retail investors and providing technical support to the wholesalers. He became NAM s Compliance Officer in August (iii) Sihai Tran ( Tran ) was employed with NAM and related companies from January 1995 until May He was originally employed with a brokerage arm of the structure as an assistant to a broker and then in a marketing capacity. He was later employed with Norshield Capital Management Corporation ( NCMC ), where he evaluated business plans of companies seeking venture capital investment. In 2000, he started work with NAM, where he was responsible for monitoring the managers chosen for the hedge fund portfolio out of the Montreal office. (iv) Raymond Massi ( Massi ) is a partner at RSM Richter, the Receiver. He has been the lead partner in this matter since RSM Richter was given its initial monitoring mandate. In some cases, Massi s testimony as to the Receiver s work and findings is based on work and findings of other receivers, liquidators and monitors involved with various companies in the Norshield Investment Structure. (v) Richard Radu ( Radu ) is a senior investigator in the Commission s Enforcement branch who participated in Staff s investigation in this matter. 711 (vi) Trevor Walz ( Walz ) is a Senior Accountant in the Compliance and Regulation branch of the Commission who participated in the on-site reviews of NAM and Olympus United Group. [35] Kefalas also testified at the hearing. [36] None of the other Respondents testified or called witnesses. C. The Allegations [37] Staff make the following allegations against the Respondents: (i) (ii) NAM, Olympus United Group, Xanthoudakis and Smith failed to deal fairly, honestly and in good faith with clients, contrary to subsections 2.1(1) and 2.1(2) of OSC Rule Conditions of Registration; NAM and Olympus United Group failed to keep and/or maintain proper books and records in relation to the Norshield Investment Structure in contravention of section 19 of the Act and section 113 of Ontario Regulation 1015 of the Act; (iii) as a consequence of their positions of seniority and responsibility and in their positions as officers and directors of NAM and/or Olympus United Group, Xanthoudakis and Smith authorized, permitted or acquiesced in the violations of the requirements of Ontario securities laws and breaches of duty described in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) above; (iv) the Offering Memorandum filed and distributed by Olympus United Group contained misleading or untrue information and/or failed to state facts which were required to be stated, in contravention of clause (b) of subsection 122(1) of the Act; (v) as a consequence of their positions of seniority and responsibility and in their positions as officers and directors of Olympus United Group, Xanthoudakis and Smith authorized, permitted or acquiesced in the breach of Ontario securities law described in subparagraph (iv) above; (vi) Xanthoudakis and Smith knowingly made statements and provided evidence and information to Staff that was materially misleading or untrue and/or failed to state facts which were required to be stated in an effort to hide the violations of Ontario securities laws and breaches of duty described in subparagraphs (i) to (v) above, in contravention of clause (a) of subsection 122(1) of the Act; and 812 (vii) the course of conduct engaged in by Xanthoudakis, Smith and Kefalas compromised the integrity of Ontario s capital markets, was abusive to Ontario s capital markets and was contrary to the public interest. [38] Staff had originally made allegations (i), (iii) and (vii) above against Kefalas in the Statement of Allegations. During the hearing, Staff informed the Commission that they were only proceeding against Kefalas on allegation (vii), alleging that his conduct compromised the integrity of Ontario s capital markets, was abusive to Ontario s capital markets and was contrary to the public interest. D. The Respondents [39] There are a number of related entities that formed part of the overall Norshield Investment Structure at issue in this case and through which investor funds flowed, but that are not named as Respondents in this proceeding. The Respondents are as follows. 1. NAM [40] NAM created investment products, conducted proprietary research, consulted and provided asset and risk management advisory services to fund and institutional clients. [41] NAM was appointed to provide portfolio management services with respect to Olympus United Funds. [42] NAM was incorporated on September 25, 1996 as a Canadian federal corporation and had its head office in Montreal. Prior to 1996 NAM carried on business as GIC Commodity Advisors of USA, GIC Asset Management Ltd. and Norshield Asset Management Ltd. [43] NAM was wholly owned by Norshield Investment Partners Holdings Ltd. ( Norshield Partners ). Evidence was also presented which indicated that NAM was a subsidiary of NCMC. In any case, both Norshield Partners and NCMC were owned by Xanthoudakis. [44] NAM was registered under Quebec securities laws as an advisor with an unrestricted practice. Its Ontario securities registrations are as follows: (i) NAM was registered in the category of extra provincial adviser, investment counsel and portfolio manager from May 31, 2000 to February 20, On February 20, 2003, NAM changed its registration to investment counsel and portfolio manager. NAM was also registered with the Commission as a commodity trading counsel and commodity trading manager from November 5, 2003; and (ii) On May 13, 2005, the Commission suspended all of NAM s registrations because it no longer had a designated compliance officer or a registered advising officer. On May 16, 2005, the Commission granted registration of a 913 new advising officer at NAM, who was then designated as NAM s compliance officer and the Commission rescinded its previous order, revoking its suspension of NAM s registrations. [45] On May 20, 2005, the Commission made a Temporary Order suspending NAM s registration. On October 20, 2006, that order was extended until the Proceeding is concluded and a decision of the Commission is rendered. 2. Olympus United Group [46] Olympus United Group is a federal corporation with its head office in Montreal, Quebec. It was originally incorporated as Norshield Fund Management Ltd. on September 1, 1994, and carried on business under this name until its name was changed on May 16, [47] Olympus United Group was registered with the Commission as a mutual fund dealer on April 21, On November 12, 1998, it also registered as a limited market dealer. It provided marketing services to Olympus United Funds, selling shares in the hedge fund to Canadian investors. [48] Olympus United Group was granted membership in the Mutual Fund Dealers Association on March 4, Its membership was terminated as of September 26, [49] Olympus United Group is wholly owned by Norshield Financial Holdings Ltd. ( Norshield Financial Holdings ), which in turn is wholly owned by Xanthoudakis. [50] On May 13, 2005, the Commission made a temporary order suspending Olympus United Group s registration for not having a designated compliance officer or a registered trading officer. In a temporary order dated May 20, 2005, the Commission ordered that Olympus United Group not pay out, redeem or otherwise return any funds or other assets from any existing client accounts. Both orders were extended on October 20, 2006 until the conclusion of the Proceeding in this matter. 3. Xanthoudakis [51] Xanthoudakis has worked in the financial services industry since He was President, Chief Executive Officer and a director of NAM. [52] Xanthoudakis was President and a director of Olympus United Group. [53] Xanthoudakis held the following Ontario securities registrations: (i) with regard to NAM, from May 31, 2000 to May 13, 2005, he was registered as an extra provincial advisor, investment counsel and portfolio manager as a non-advising officer (President and Chief Executive Officer) and Director, and; (ii) with regard to Olympus United Group and its predecessor, Norshield Fund Management Ltd., he was: 1014 (a) (b) (c) a mutual fund dealer and a non-trading officer (President and Chief Executive Officer) from April 21, 1998 to December 1, 2000; a mutual fund dealer and a limited market dealer as a Director from December 1, 2000 to May 13, 2005; and a commodity trading counsel and a commodity trading manager as a non-advising officer (President and CEO) and Director from November 5, 2003 to May 13, [54] According to an investment proposal submitted to TD Bank Financial Group, Xanthoudakis was the Chairman, CEO, a director and the controlling shareholder of the Norshield Financial Group ( NFG ), the trade name used to describe the corporate structure that marketed and managed investments in Olympus United Funds. [55] He was also involved with other corporations that Staff allege are part of the Norshield Investment Structure. The level of his involvement in the Norshield Investment Structure is at issue in this matter, and is considered in the analysis below. 4. Smith [56] Smith became a Chartered Accountant in In 1998, Smith commenced employment with Xanthoudakis as Chief Financial Officer of NFG. In 2000, he became President and Chief Operating Officer of NFG. [57] Smith was the Secretary-Treasurer of NAM, though it is not clear from the evidence how long he held the position. Smith was also an officer of Olympus United Group. [58] The Commission approved Smith with regard to NAM as an advisor in the categories of extra provincial adviser, investment counsel and portfolio manager, as a non-advising officer (Secretary and Treasurer) from May 31, 2000 to May 9, He was also approved with NAM as an advisor in the categories of commodity trading counsel and commodity trading manager, as a non-advising officer (Secretary and Treasurer), from November 5, 2003 to May 9, [59] Smith was registered with the Commission as a mutual fund dealer and limited market dealer, as a non-trading officer (Secretary and Treasurer) for Olympus United Group and its predecessor corporation from December 7, 1999 to October 3, [60] Smith served as a director of Olympus Bank starting in June 1999, and was Olympus Bank s Chairman and CEO beginning in January [61] According to the Olympus United Funds offering memorandum, Smith was a director of Olympus United Funds starting in September 2001, and the President and CEO starting in February He was also a director of Olympus Univest. 1115 [62] Aside from the above, Smith was also involved with other entities in the Norshield Investment Structure. His level of involvement in the Norshield Investment Structure is at issue in this matter, and is considered in the analysis below. 5. Kefalas [63] Kefalas was employed with NAM and its predecessor corporations from March 1985 to April He was the Senior Portfolio Manager and was involved in the development of NAM s technical and tactical trading models. [64] Kefalas s Ontario registrations with regard to NAM are as follows: (i) he was registered as an advising officer and director under the category of extra provincial adviser, investment counsel and portfolio manager from May 31, 2000 to May 19, 2004; (ii) he was registered as investment counsel and portfolio manager from November 19, 2004 to April 25, 2005; (iii) he was the Compliance Officer from May 31, 2000 to February 19, 2003; (iv) he was designated as Ultimate Responsible Person from August 25, 2004 to November 19, 2004; (v) he was registered as an advising representative under the categories of investment counsel and portfolio manager from November 19, 2004 to April 25, 2005; and (vi) he was registered as an advisor in the categories of commodity trading counsel and commodity trading manager under the Commodity Futures Act, R.S.O. 1990, Chapter 20, as amended as an officer (Investment Advisor and Senior Analyst) from November 13, 2003 to November 19, 2004, and then as an advising representative from November 19, 2004 to April 25, E. Ownership and Management of the Norshield Investment Structure [65] The Norshield Investment Structure raised and managed retail and institutional investor funds. For additional information on the entities involved in the Norshield Investment Structure, see Appendix A of these Reasons and Decision. [66] According to a 2004 document prepared for the Commission by Karine Simoes, NAM s Director, Corporate & Legal Affairs, Xanthoudakis indirectly held ownership over the entire Norshield Investment Structure down to the Olympus Bank level. Xanthoudakis was also a director and the President of Olympus United Group. 1216 [67] Smith was the Secretary-Treasurer of NAM and an officer of Olympus United Group. He held the following positions as of his March 21, 2005 resignations from NFG entities: (i) (ii) President and Chief Operating Ofiicer of NFG; director and officer of Olympus United Funds; (iii) director and officer of Olympus United Funds Holding Corporation; (iv) director, officer and Chairman of Olympus Bank; (v) director and Acting Administrator of Olympus Univest; and (vi) director of Olympus International Preferred Fund Ltd. [68] According to the Receiver, Olympus Univest was apparently controlled by BICE International Inc. ( BICE International ), a Bahamian corporation. The Receiver noted that the June 21, 2004 offering memorandum for Olympus United Funds declares that BICE International was not associated with Olympus United Funds or Olympus Bank. [69] Regardless of the ownership of Olympus Bank, the June 21, 2004 offering memorandum used in the distribution of the Olympus United Funds states: NAM Canada is responsible for any loss that arises out of the failure by Olympus United Bank or any other investment manager appointed by it to: (a) exercise the powers and discharge the duties of its office honestly, in good faith and in the best interests of NAM Canada and Olympus United [Funds]; or (b) exercise the degree of care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in the circumstances. NAM Canada has contractually acknowledged that it may not be relieved by Olympus United [Funds] and/or Olympus United Bank from these responsibilities. Exhibit 3, tab 1 Olympus United Funds Offering Memorandum, June 21, 2004 at 9. [70] The identity of the owners of Olympus Univest, Mosaic Composite and the Channel Funds was an unsettled issue during this hearing, and is discussed further in the analysis below. 1317 F. The Admissibility of Certain Transcripts [71] During the hearing, Staff sought to admit transcripts of the testimony of five individuals examined by the Receiver under oath: Smith, Stephen Hancock ( Hancock ), Lowell Holden ( Holden ), Paul Gomez ( Gomez ) and Peter Marini ( Marini ). [72] Hancock is a chartered accountant and was a director, Chair and CEO of Cardinal International Funds Services Ltd. ( Cardinal ), a Bahamian company, which acted as Mosaic Composite s and Olympus Univest s administrator. Hancock was a director of Mosaic Composite from October 1, 1997 until September 27, 2004, a director of Olympus Bank for an indeterminate amount of time starting in June 1999, and a director of Olympus Univest from January 17, 2001 until January 31, Hancock was a director and the Secretary-Treasurer of BICE International from November 8, 2002 to March 24, He was also a director of the Channel Funds. [73] Holden was President, Chief Executive Officer and sole director of Mendota Capital, formerly Comprehensive Investor Services Ltd. ( CIS ) and was also President of Mosaic Composite once it moved to the United States in July [74] Gomez is a chartered accountant with the accounting firm Gomez & Gomez, a correspondent firm of Grant Thornton in the Bahamas, and was the person responsible for that firm s audits of Mosaic Composite in 2002 and 2003 and of Olympus Univest in [75] Marini is a chartered accountant and works for the accounting firm Brooks, Di Santo in Montreal. He was the person responsible for the firm s audits of the Channel Funds in 2002 and Submissions Staff [76] Staff submit that any issues regarding the admissibility of the transcripts should be addressed through the weight the Panel gives to the evidence in its final determination. [77] Staff note that, with respect to the individuals other than Smith, none of them could have been compelled to testify at the hearing because they reside outside of the Commission s jurisdiction. When questioned, Staff stated that they did not invite any of the non-respondents to voluntarily testify because they had already received transcripts from the Receiver and were confident they would be able to make use of them as evidence at the hearing. Smith, who is a Respondent, was free to choose whether to testify at the hearing. [78] Staff further submit that Xanthoudakis and Smith have long-standing business relationships with Hancock, Holden, Gomez and Marini and could have sought further evidence from them. 1418 Xanthoudakis and Smith [79] Xanthoudakis and Smith submit that the Panel should use its discretion not to admit these transcripts because doing so would be inappropriate. [80] They submit that if the transcripts were to be admitted, the Panel would not have an opportunity to evaluate the weight to be given to the evidence or to assess the credibility of the individuals through viva voce evidence. They also submit that the procedural protections in place during an examination-in-chief before the Commission were not necessarily present during the Receiver s examination of the individuals. Leading questions are commonly asked in compelled examinations and Hancock s counsel routinely left the room during his examination. [81] Xanthoudakis and Smith also submit that they would not have an opportunity to cross-examine the individuals, to test the evidence or to obtain additional potentially exculpatory evidence from these individuals, which could result in prejudice to them. They argue that Staff made the decision to introduce evidence through the transcripts of interviews conducted by the Receiver, and hence made insufficient attempts to seek the aid of other regulatory agencies in order to compel the individuals to testify before the Commission. Xanthoudakis and Smith claim that Staff have not shown that the contents of the transcripts are necessary for the purposes of this Proceeding. [82] Xanthoudakis and Smith claim they are reliant on information obtained through the disclosure process and from third parties, and that the Panel should take this information asymmetry into account in balancing the interests of the parties. [83] Finally, they submit that Smith has a right not to testify as a Respondent to the Proceeding, and that Staff s request to admit the transcripts of his interview with the Receiver is an attempt to circumvent Smith s procedural rights. 2. The Law [84] Subsection 15(1) of the Statutory Powers Procedure Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. S.22 ( SPPA ) states: What is admissible in evidence at a hearing 15. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), a tribunal may admit as evidence at a hearing, whether or not given or proven under oath or affirmation or admissible as evidence in a court, (a) any oral testimony; and (b) any document or other thing, relevant to the subject-matter of the proceeding and may act on such evidence, but the tribunal may exclude anything unduly repetitious. 1519 [85] In their submissions, Staff refer to a British Columbia Court of Appeal decision on the admissibility of hearsay transcript evidence in a regulatory securities proceeding. In this case, the court determined that the British Columbia Securities Commission did not err in admitting transcripts of examinations conducted by staff of that Commission, where the individuals in question refused to appear at the hearing and where the commission lacked the jurisdiction to compel the individuals to testify (Huber v. British Columbia (Securities Commission) (1994), 3 C.C.L.S. 98 (B.C.C.A) at paras ). 3. Ruling [86] Given the complexity of this case, we ruled at the hearing that the transcripts of Hancock, Holden, Gomez and Marini would be admitted, for the reasons below. [87] The Panel has the discretion under s. 15 of the SPPA to admit hearsay evidence, but in exercising its discretion it must have regard to the matter before it. The more serious and contentious the matter, the more a tribunal must have regard to the rights of the parties. Though the Panel has the discretion to admit hearsay evidence, the rules of evidence are relevant and applicable in Commission proceedings. Natural justice and fairness issues must still be considered by the Panel when ruling on admissibility. [88] Parties are entitled to a reasonable opportunity to comment on and contradict evidence. However, hearsay evidence need not be tested by cross-examination in all circumstances. [89] If the Panel admits the evidence, it must be careful not to put too much weight on the evidence when making its final decision. For example, undue weight should not be placed on uncorroborated evidence. It should also be remembered, that while the standard of proof in administrative proceedings is the civil standard of a balance of probabilities, in the interest of a fair hearing, allegations can only be proven by clear and cogent evidence, as stated in Investment Dealers Association of Canada v. Boulieris (2004), 27 O.S.C.B (O.S.C.) at para. 34, affirmed [2005] O.J. No (Div. Ct.). [90] In view of the fact that Smith is a Respondent in this Proceeding, we determined that the transcript of his interview with the Receiver would not be admitted. [91] As a matter of fundamental fairness, persuasive collateral evidence is required to make adverse findings where those findings will have serious consequences for a respondent. In this decision, wherever we have relied on transcript evidence, we have only done so where it is consistent with or supported by other evidence. II. ANALYSIS A. Were Xanthoudakis and Smith directing minds of the Norshield Investment Structure? [92] In order to appropriately consider the allegations against Xanthoudakis and Smith, we must first examine their roles and responsibilities within the Norshield Investment Structure. 1620 1. Submissions Staff [93] Staff submit that the Norshield Investment Structure was directed at all times by NFG, through Xanthoudakis and Smith. [94] Staff refer to NFG marketing materials that describe Xanthoudakis as Chairman and CEO and Smith as the President and Chief Operating Officer. Staff note that Xanthoudakis owned, and along with Smith, held positions of authority in many of the entities in the Norshield Investment Structure. Staff submit that Xanthoudakis, directly or indirectly, owned NAM, Norshield Financial Holdings, Norshield Partners, Norshield Investment Corporation ( NI Corporation ), NCMC, Olympus United Funds and Olympus Bank. [95] Staff contend that the named directors of various entities connected to the Norshield Investment Structure were merely nominees and that ultimate control lay with Xanthoudakis and NAM. Staff submit that Xanthoudakis and Smith s roles extended beyond the NAM, Olympus United Group and Olympus Bank levels and encompassed communications with end-clients and investment advisors throughout the structure. Staff refer to evidence from compelled examinations that state that instructions on the management of the Channel Funds and Mosaic Composite came from Xanthoudakis and Smith. Staff submit that Xanthoudakis and Smith also directed the Univest Multi Strategy II Fund ( MS-II ) transactions (discussed at paragraphs 211 to 228) that resulted in the sale of the SOHO Option, at the bottom of the Norshield Investment Structure. [96] Staff submit that Xanthoudakis and Smith played an active role in audits of all the Norshield Investment Structure entities, and had the final say in the calculation and reporting of the NAVs. [97] Staff submit that, as owner of numerous entities within NFG, Xanthoudakis had a role as a directing mind of NFG and thus, of the Norshield Investment Structure. According to a chart prepared by the Receiver, 87 percent of the carrying value of the Channel Funds assets at September 30, 2003 was attributable to companies related to NFG and/or Olympus Univest. [98] According to Staff s submissions, Xanthoudakis had the final say in decisions regarding investments in the Norshield Investment Structure. Staff claim that employees inquiries about the Norshield Investment Structure were directed to him and Smith, as the ultimate decision makers of the structure. [99] Staff submit that Xanthoudakis was the directing mind of not only the respondent companies, but also many others connected to the Norshield Investment Structure, including BICE International, Liberty Trust and the Orion Trust. [100] Staff refer to the positions held by Xanthoudakis s sister-in-law as further evidence of his connection to all parts of the Norshield Investment Structure. Staff state that she served as an officer and/or director of Cardinal (the company notionally in 17 View more
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