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Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures
Part 5: Resistance to earth
The European Standard EN 61557-5:2007 has the status of a British Standard
ICS 17.220.20; 29.080.01; 29.240.01
This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 61557-5:2007. It is identical with IEC 61557-5:2007. It supersedes BS EN 61557-5:1997, which will be withdrawn on 1 March 2010. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/85, Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 June 2007
ISBN 978 0 580 50858 5
Supersedes EN 61557-5:1997
Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures Part 5: Resistance to earth (IEC 61557-5:2007)
Scurit lectrique dans les rseaux de distribution basse tension de 1 000 V c.a. et 1 500 V c.c. Dispositifs de contrle, de mesure ou de surveillance de mesures de protection Partie 5: Rsistance la terre (CEI 61557-5:2007) Elektrische Sicherheit in Niederspannungsnetzen bis AC 1 000 V und DC 1 500 V Gerte zum Prfen, Messen oder berwachen von Schutzmanahmen Teil 5: Erdungwiderstand (IEC 61557-5:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
2007 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61557-5:2007 E
The text of document 85/294/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61557-5, prepared by IEC TC 85, Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61557-5 on 2007-03-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 61557-5:1997. The following changes were made with respect to EN 61557-5:1997: complete revision of the definitions; revision of some requirements. This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 61557-1. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. __________
The text of the International Standard IEC 61557-5:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. __________
Scope ............................................................................................................................4 Normative references .....................................................................................................4 Terms and definitions .....................................................................................................4 Requirements .................................................................................................................5 Marking and operating instructions .................................................................................6 5.1 Marking .................................................................................................................6 5.2 Operating instructions ...........................................................................................7 Tests..............................................................................................................................7
Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications .............................................................................8 Table 1 Calculation of operating uncertainty .......................................................................5
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS UP TO 1 000 V a.c. AND 1 500 V d.c. EQUIPMENT FOR TESTING, MEASURING OR MONITORING OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 14 00:51:02 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI Part 5: Resistance to earth
This part of IEC 61557 specifies the requirements for equipment for measuring earth resistance using an a.c. voltage.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61010-1:2001, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements IEC 61557-1, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures Part 1: General requirements
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in IEC 61557-1 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 series interference voltage extraneous voltage superimposed on the measuring voltage 3.2 auxiliary earth electrode additional earth electrode for a current required for the purpose of measurements 3.3 auxiliary earth electrode resistance RH resistance of an additional earth electrode through which current flows that is required for the purpose of measurements 3.4 probe additional earth electrode used as a probe for sampling potentials during measurements
bz w. ww
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3.5 probe resistance RS earth electrode resistance of an additional earth electrode used as a probe for sampling potentials during measurements
The following requirements as well as those given in IEC 61557-1 shall apply. 4.1 The output voltage present across the terminals E and H shall be an a.c. voltage without a d.c. component. The frequency and the waveform shall be chosen so that electrical interference, particularly from installations operating with system frequency, will not adversely influence the measurement result to an excessive degree. 4.2 If the influence of interference voltages from distribution systems as a.c. currents or as d.c. currents exceeds the requirements of 4.3, this shall be stated by the manufacturer in the operating instructions. 4.3 The maximum percentage operating uncertainty within the measurement range to be marked or stated shall not exceed 30 % with the measured value as fiducial value, as determined in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 Calculation of operating uncertainty
Requirements or test in accordance with the relevant parts of IEC 61557 Part 5, subclause 6.1 Part 1, subclause 4.2 Part 1, 4.2, 4.3 subclauses
Intrinsic uncertainty or influence quantity
Reference conditions or specified operating range
Intrinsic uncertainty Position Supply voltage Temperature Series interference voltage Resistance of the probes and auxiliary earth eletrodes System frequency System voltage Operating uncertainty A En R T = = = =
Reference conditions Reference position 90 At the limits stated by the manufacturer 0 C and 35 C See 4.2 and 4.3 0 to 100 RA but 50 k
A E1 E2 E3 E4 E5
Part 1, subclause 4.2 Part 5, 4.2, 4.3 subclauses
Part 5, subclause 4.3
99 % and 101 % of the nominal frequency 85 % and 110 % of the nominal voltage
Part 5, subclause 4.3 Part 5, subclause 4.3 Part 5, subclause 4.3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 B = ( A + 1,15 E1 + E2 + E3 + E 4 + E5 + E7 + E8 )
intrinsic uncertainty variations routine test type test
B fiducial value
The operating uncertainty shall apply under the rated operating conditions given in IEC 61557-1 and the following: injection of series interference voltages with system frequencies of 400 Hz, 60 Hz, 50 Hz, 16 2 / 3 Hz or with d.c. voltage respectively across the terminals E (ES) and S or to the earth resistance loop. The r.m.s. value of the series interference voltage for equipment with auxiliary probes shall be 3 V. For equipment using current clamps, the presence of interfering disturbances shall be clearly indicated, if the influence quantity will exceed the specified value of the variation E 4 and of operating uncertainty; resistance of the auxiliary earth electrode and of the probes: 0 to 100 R A but 50 k; system voltages between 85 % and 110 % of the nominal voltage and between 99 % and 101 % of the nominal system frequency for measuring equipment with a mains supply and/or measuring equipment deriving its output voltage directly from the distribution system.
4.4 The measuring equipment shall be capable of determining whether the maximum permissible resistances of the probes and auxiliary earth electrodes are exceeded. 4.5 No hazardous touch voltages shall appear during the measurements.
This can be achieved by a suitable design of the source for the output voltage by:
limiting the open-circuit value of the output voltage to an r.m.s. value of 50 V or a peak value of 70 V;
NOTE The open-circuit voltage during measurements in agricultural plants should not exceed an r.m.s. value of 25 V or a peak value of 35 V.
limiting the r.m.s. (peak) value of the short-circuit current to 3,5 mA (5 mA) when the value of the voltage exceeds 50 V (70 V) or 25 V (35 V). When no compliance with the above condition exists, then an automatic disconnection of the measurement process shall operate within a time period permissible according to Figure 1 of IEC 61010-1.
4.6 The user shall not be exposed to a voltage exceeding the permissible touch voltage and the measuring equipment shall recover within specification, when any plug or socket of the measuring equipment, intended for connection to the distribution systems power supply is connected to 120 % of its nominal voltage. Protective devices shall not be activated.
Marking and operating instructions
In addition to the marking in accordance with IEC 61557-1, the following information shall be provided on the measuring equipment. 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 E: S: H: Measurement range within which the maximum operating uncertainty applies. Frequency of the output voltage. Designation of the terminals (as far as applicable): terminal for the earth electrode; terminal for a probe; terminal for the auxiliary earth electrode.
ES: terminal for the probe placed nearest to the earth electrode;
7 5.2 Operating instructions
The operating instructions shall state the following in addition to the statements in IEC 61557-1. 5.2.1 The range of applications (e.g. for agricultural plants or others) for the equipment for measuring earth resistance. 5.2.2 If applicable, the influence of series interference voltages that are larger than the values stated under 4.3. 5.2.3 A statement relating to the correct operation of the hand-driven generator (if provided). 5.2.4 The designations of terminals when different from 5.1.3.
In addition to IEC 61557-1 the following tests shall be executed. 6.1 The operating uncertainty shall be determined in accordance with Table 1. In this process, the intrinsic uncertainty shall be determined under the following reference conditions: nominal value of the supply voltage; nominal r.p.m. of the hand-driven generator when used as a supply; nominal frequency of the power supply in the case of mains-operated measuring equipment according to 4.3; reference temperature 23 C 2 C; reference position in accordance with the manufacturer's statement; resistances of probes and auxiliary earth electrodes 100 ; interference voltage 0 V.
The operating uncertainty thus evaluated shall not exceed the limits specified in 4.3. 6.2 A check as to whether the conditions for the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and disconnect delay stated under 4.5 are met in each of the measurement ranges (routine test). 6.3 A check as to whether exceeding the permissible maximum resistances for probes and auxiliary earth electrodes is indicated (type test). 6.4 The overload protection in accordance with 4.6 shall be tested (type test), when any plug or socket of the measuring equipment, intended for conncetion to the distribution systems power supply is connected to 120 % of its nominal voltage. Protective devices shall not be activated. 6.5 Compliance with the tests in this clause shall be recorded.
Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 14 00:51:02 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication IEC 61010-1
Title Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements
EN/HD EN 61010-1 + corr. June
Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-1 systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures Part 1: General requirements
Undated reference. Valid edition at date of issue.
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