Source: http://www.google.fr/patents/US5665102
Timestamp: 2017-11-18 10:04:17
Document Index: 171428476

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 2272', 'art 2272', 'art 2272', 'art 2272', 'art 2270', 'art 2278', 'art 2770', 'art 2770', 'art 2770']

Brevet US5665102 - Automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument - Google Brevets
An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introduction of sleeves, such as portal sleeves, cannulas and catheters, into anatomical cavities by means of penetrating members, such as solid tip trocars, other solid configuration obturators and cannulated penetrating members, such as needles,...http://www.google.fr/patents/US5665102?utm_source=gb-gplus-shareBrevet US5665102 - Automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument
Numéro de publication US5665102 A
Numéro de demande US 08/612,029
Date de dépôt 7 mars 1996
Autre référence de publication US5645076, US5676156
Numéro de publication 08612029, 612029, US 5665102 A, US 5665102A, US-A-5665102, US5665102 A, US5665102A
Citations de brevets (60), Référencé par (32), Classifications (18), Événements juridiques (3)
US 5665102 A
1. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introducing a sleeve into a cavity in a body comprising
a sleeve for providing a passage through a cavity wall and having a distal end for positioning in a body cavity, a proximal end for positioning externally of the body cavity and a lumen between said distal and proximal ends;
a penetrating member disposed in said lumen and having a central longitudinal axis, a distal tip for penetrating the cavity wall and a passage laterally offset from and parallel with said central longitudinal axis;
a retracting mechanism coupled with said penetrating member for moving said tip proximally relative to said sleeve from a penetrating member extended position wherein said tip protrude distally beyond said distal end of said sleeve to a penetrating member retracted position wherein said tip is disposed within said lumen;
a probe slidably disposed in said passage and having a distal end;
means for biasing said probe distally to a probe extended position wherein said distal end of said probe protrudes distally from said passage to be disposed externally of said penetrating member when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member extended position, said means for biasing permitting proximal movement of said probe relative to said penetrating member from said probe extended position to a probe retracted position in response to contact of said probe with the cavity wall during penetration of the cavity wall by said penetrating member and permitting distal movement of said probe from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position in response to entry of said distal end of said sleeve into the body cavity; and
a locking and releasing mechanism locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and automatically releasing said penetrating member for movement to said penetrating member retracted position in response to movement of said probe distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position.
2. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position is disposed proximally of said tip in said penetrating member extended position.
3. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 2 wherein said penetrating member includes a tapered distal end having a plurality of facets converging at said tip and an aperture in one of said facets communicating with said passage.
4. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 3 wherein said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position protrudes from said aperture to be spaced from said one facet in said penetrating member extended position.
5. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 4 wherein said probe comprises a solid rod.
6. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introducing a sleeve into a cavity in a body comprising
a penetrating member disposed in said lumen and having a tapered distal end including a plurality of angled end surfaces converging at a tip for penetrating the cavity wall and an opening along one of said end surfaces;
a retracting mechanism coupled with said penetrating member for moving said tip proximally relative to said sleeve from a penetrating member extended position wherein said tip protrudes beyond said distal end of said sleeve to a penetrating member retracted position wherein said tip is disposed within said lumen;
a probe disposed within said lumen and having a distal end;
means for biasing said probe to a probe extended position wherein said distal end of said probe protrudes distally from said opening and is disposed proximally of said tip when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member extended position, said means for biasing permitting said probe to move proximally from said probe extended position to a probe retracted position during penetration of the cavity wall by said penetrating member and causing said probe to move distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position in response to entry of said distal end of said sleeve into the body cavity; and
7. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said penetrating member has a longitudinal axis and said opening is laterally offset from said longitudinal axis.
8. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 7 wherein said penetrating member includes a cylindrical body proximally joined to said end surfaces at a junction and said opening is disposed along said junction.
9. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said probe is disposed in a passage of said penetrating member communicating with said opening.
10. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument for introducing a sleeve into a cavity in a body comprising
a penetrating member disposed in said lumen and having a longitudinal axis, a tapered distal end including a plurality of facets converging at a tip for penetrating the cavity wall, a cylindrical body proximally joined to said facets and a longitudinal passage disposed in said cylindrical body along the circumference thereof;
a probe disposed in said passage and having a distal end;
means for biasing said probe distally to a probe extended position wherein said distal end of said probe protrudes distally from said passage to be disposed distally of said cylindrical body when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member extended position, said probe being movable proximally relative to said penetrating member from said probe extended position to a probe retracted position in response to resistance of the cavity wall during penetration, said probe being movable distally by said means for biasing from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position in response to entry into the body cavity; and
a locking and releasing mechanism for locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and for automatically releasing said penetrating member for movement to said penetrating member retracted position in response to movement of said probe distally from said probe retracted position toward said probe extended position.
11. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 10 wherein said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position is disposed proximally of said tip in said penetrating member extended position.
12. An automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said facets are joined to said cylindrical body at a junction and said distal end of said probe in said probe extended position is disposed between said tip and said junction in said penetrating member extended position.
13. A method of penetrating an anatomical cavity wall with an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument comprising the steps of
penetrating the cavity wall with a tip of a penetrating member disposed within a sleeve of the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument;
after said penetrating step commences, contacting the cavity wall during the continuation of said penetrating step with a probe disposed along the penetrating member and having a central longitudinal axis laterally offset from and parallel with a central longitudinal axis of the penetrating member such that the probe is moved proximally relative to the penetrating member;
biasing the probe to cause the probe to move distally once a distal end of the sleeve enters the cavity; and
automatically retracting the penetrating member to move the tip proximally into the sleeve in response to distal movement of the probe upon the sleeve entering the cavity.
This application is a divisional of prior application Ser. No. 07/945,177, filed Sep. 15, 1992, still pending, which is a continuation-in-part of patent applications Ser. No. 07/745,071, filed Aug. 14, 1991, now abandoned, Ser. No. 07/800,507, filed Nov. 27, 1991, now abandoned Ser. No. 07/805,506 filed Dec. 6, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,432, Ser. No. 07/808,325, filed Dec. 16, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,324,268, Ser. No. 07/848,838, filed Mar. 10, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,445,617, Ser. No. 07/868,566 and Ser. No. 07/868,578, both filed Apr. 15, 1992, now U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,320,610 and 5,336,176, and Ser. No. 07/929,338, filed Aug. 14, 1992 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,360,405. The specifications of the above patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide improved, simplified automatic retractable safety penetrating instruments capable of use in a wide variety of procedure.
Another object of the present invention is to configure a safety penetrating instrument to allow the safety penetrating instrument to have various optional modes of operation including retraction of the penetrating member, retraction of the penetrating member along with a safety shield or probe, the penetrating member locked against retraction to operate as a standard penetrating instrument, the penetrating member retracts while the shield or probe remains extended, or the penetrating member against retraction while safety shield or probe moves distally.
Some of the advantages of the present invention over prior art are that small or narrow anatomical cavities can be safety penetrated, sleeves can safely be introduced into anatomical cavities of various sizes to expand the use of least invasive procedures in many areas including, for example, cardiac brain, vascular, chest, genitourinary system, breast and spinal fields, safe penetration of cavities can be accomplished with no parts of the safety penetrating instrument other than the sleeve protruding beyond the sharp tip of the penetrating member as is particularly desirable where organ structures adhere to cavity walls, the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument encourages the use of a smooth, continuous penetration motion by the surgeon thereby reducing trauma, tears and irregular surfaces in the tissue of the cavity wall, the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument can be used to penetrate anatomical cavities of the type containing organ structures that could be injured by contact with even a blunt instrument part such as a safety shield, the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument can be economically made of plastic with relatively few components, safe penetration is achieved while permitting injection or evacuation of fluids, a single puncture can be used for both insufflation and forming an endoscopic portal thereby simplifying diagnostic and surgical procedures, trauma and damage to tissue is minimized, tissue jamming and trapping are avoided and automatic retractable safety penetrating instruments according to the present invention can be inexpensively manufactured to be reusable or disposable for universal use.
FIG. 1 is a broken side view, partly in section of an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument according to the present invention in a rest state.
FIG. 7 is a broken side view, partly in section of an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument according to the present invention having a safety shield.
Operation of automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 360 is similar to that described for automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 60 in that the operating flange is positioned by the operating and balancing springs 398 and 400 in an initial position with trigger 326 disposed distally of some of the barbs 321. Where the initial position for the trigger member is such that at least one barb is disposed distally of the trigger member, the trigger member can be maintained in engagement with the nearest distal barb as illustrated in FIG. 6 allowing the cushion spring to be of lesser strength than the operating spring and for further stability in the initial position. During penetration of anatomical tissue, operating member 388 will be moved proximally causing trigger member 326 to move proximally past and engage successive barbs 321 such that the penetrating member moves incrementally in a controlled manner until the operating member has moved to the set position with the trigger engaged with a distally closest barb. Once the distal end of the portal sleeve has entered the anatomical cavity, operating spring 398 will move operating flange 388 distally from the set position such that trigger member 326, via engagement with the distally nearest barb, causes arm 318 to be pivoted and locking member 382 to be released from engagement with retraction plate 394 for immediate retraction upon penetration with minimal distal movement of the operating flange. By providing a plurality of closely spaced barbs, trigger member 326 will be engaged with a nearest distal barb for various set positions ensuring immediate retraction upon distal movement of the operating member. Where momentum triggering is desired, one or more barbs 321 can be disposed distally of the initial position to be utilized to pivot the arm 318 upon distal movement of the operating member distally of the initial position. Where momentum triggering is utilized, one barb disposed distally of the initial position should be sufficient to trigger retraction; however, more than onebarb can be provided for increased safety. The automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 360 can be used with or without momentum triggering; and, where momentum triggering is provided in addition to triggering by distal movement of the operating member from the set position toward the initial position, redundant protection is provided.
Another modification of the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument according to the present invention is illustrated at 460 in FIG. 7, only the penetrating unit of the instrument 460 being shown. The automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 460 is similar to automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 60 except that a safety shield 463 is concentrically disposed around the penetrating member 462 with the penetrating member including a body 474 terminating proximally at retraction plate or flange 494 disposed in hub 466. Safety shield 463 has a distal end 467 disposed beyond the tip 478 of the penetrating member when the instrument is in an extended position as shown in FIG. 7 and a proximal end terminating at an operating member or flange 488 disposed in hub 466. A helical coil operating spring 498 is concentrically disposed around the penetrating member and connected between operating flange 488 and retraction plate 494 to bias the safety shield in a distal direction. A helical coil cushion spring 500 is disposed concentrically around the safety shield and connected between the front wall of the hub and the operating flange 488 to bias the safety shield in a proximal direction such that the operating flange is maintained at an initial position with the instrument in the extended position as shown in FIG. 7. A helical coil retracting spring 502 disposed around guide rod 504 is connected between retraction plate 494 and the front wall of the hub. Hub 466 and end cap 506 are similar to hub 66 and end cap 106 with end cap 506 being mounted for longitudinal movement relative to the hub and biased in a proximal direction by a bias member including a mounting spring 510. A locking and releasing or trigger mechanism 512 for actuating the retracting mechanism includes a latch or locking spring similar to that described for locking and releasing mechanism 112 except that arm 518 for locking and releasing mechanism 512 includes a proximal portion angled from the protrusion 528 to extend distally in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the instrument and a distal portion bent from the proximal portion to extend distally in a direction outwardly from the longitudinal axis, the distal portion terminating distally at the locking finger or member 522 engaged with the retraction plate 494 when the locking spring is in its normal condition as illustrated in FIG. 7. An extension 523 of arm 518 extends distally from the locking member substantially parallel with the instrument longitudinal axis. A plurality of trigger members 524 are disposed longitudinally along the extension at spaced locations therealong with a most proximal one of the trigger members 524 positioned distally of the operating member in the initial position as illustrated in FIG. 7. A plurality of trigger members 526 extend longitudinally along extension 523 at spaced locations therealong with a most distal one of the trigger members 526 disposed proximally of the operating member in the initial position. When the trigger members are formed of or cut from the material of the locking spring as shown in FIG. 7, an extra layer or strip of material 525 can be provided on arm 518 including extension 523 for additional strength. As best illustrated in FIG. 8, a nub 489 extends radially inwardly from an inner surface of the wall of the safety shield 463, the nub extending from the operating flange 488. A longitudinal slot 491 is formed in the penetrating member 462 to receive the nub such that, with the operating flange in the initial position, the hub is disposed at a distal end of the slot in engagement with the wall of the penetrating member.
Operation of the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 460 is similar to that previously described for automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 60 in that the instrument 460 is normally provided in a rest state and is moved to the ready position by releasing end cap 506 from hub 466 via actuation of buttons 530. The instrument is moved to the extended position illustrated in FIG. 7 via squeezing operation of the end cap 506 causing the retracting mechanism to be moved distally by the arm 518 to lock the retraction plate 494 in place against the locking member 522 with the end cap held in place by protrusion 528 within the hub. With the instrument 460 in the extended position, the operating member 488 will be in the initial position disposed proximally of a most proximal one of the trigger members 524 and distally of a most distal one of the trigger members 526, the distal end junction 484 of the penetrating member will be substantially aligned with the distal end of the portal sleeve and the distal end 467 of the safety shield will extend beyond the tip 478 of the penetrating member such that the penetrating member is in a safe, protected position. When the instrument 460 is forced against tissue to enter an anatomical cavity, the safety shield 463 will be moved proximally-against causing the operating member 488 to move to a set position with trigger members 526 deflecting proximally allowing movement of the operating member therepast. Movement of the safety shield causes hub 489 to be moved proximally within the longitudinal slot 491 as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 8, and a proximal end of the slot can serve as a stop or abutment limiting proximal movement of the safety shield. Once the distal end of the portal sleeve 464 has entered the anatomical cavity, the operating spring 498 will move the safety shield distally causing the operating member 488 to move distally toward the initial position and engage the distally closest trigger member 526 to flex the locking spring and release the retraction plate 498 from the locking member 522. Once the retraction plate is released, retracting spring 502 will automatically move the penetrating member 462 proximally to a retracted position, the penetrating member carrying with it the safety shield 463 due to engagement of the penetrating member wall with the nub 489. Accordingly, both the penetrating member and safety shield distal ends can be retracted within the portal sleeve minimizing extension of the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument into the anatomical cavity. Where trigger members 526 are not provided or the set position is such that there is no trigger member 526 between the initial and set positions, trigger members 524 can be utilized to trigger retraction in that the momentum of the operating spring upon penetration into the anatomical cavity overrides the bias of the cushion spring to move the operating member distally of the initial position causing the operating member to engage a trigger member 524 and flex the locking spring to release the retraction plate. Where the nub 489 and slot 491 are not provided, the penetrating member alone will be retracted upon penetration through the issue with the safety shield remaining extended. Instrument 460 can be designed to allow removal of the penetration member and the safety shield together or individually from the portal sleeve.
Another modification of an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument according to the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 9 at 560. The automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 560 includes a penetrating member 562, a portal sleeve 564 concentrically disposed around the penetrating member, a probe 565 disposed within a passage of the penetrating member, a hub 566 mounting penetrating member 562 and probe 565 and a valve housing 568 mounting portal sleeve 564. The hub 566 can be latched to housing 568 with detents formed on the hub at a forward end thereof, the detents being in the nature of beads or protrusions for being snapped or locked in place in recesses formed along an inner surface of the wall of the housing at a rear end thereof. The detents can be frictionally retained in the recesses allowing the hub to be removed from the housing with manual force such that the penetrating unit can be removed from the portal unit. The penetrating member 562 is similar to penetrating member 462 and has a tapered distal end 576 with a pyramidal configuration defined by equally spaced end surfaces or facets 582 converging at to a tip 578 and terminating proximally at a scalloped junction 584 joining the facets to an elongate body 574, the body 574 terminating proximally at a retraction plate 594 disposed in hub 566. Probe 565 includes an elongate member which can be cylindrical or have any other desired configuration in cross section terminating distally at a blunt tip 569 extending through an aperture or opening in one of the facets and proximally at an operating member 588. The probe can be solid, hollow or tubular or partly hollow or tubular; and, as shown in FIG. 9, the probe 565 is in the nature of a solid, cylindrical rod, bar or wire having a minimal outer diameter or size with a relatively thicker piece of material joined proximally to the bar at a right angle thereto to define the operating member 588. Body 574 can be hollow or tubular or formed with an internal passage along the length of the penetrating member with the probe disposed in the lumen or passage of the body to be laterally offset from and parallel with a longitudinal axis of the instrument 560 as shown in FIG. 9 or aligned with the instrument axis including being concentrically disposed within the penetrating member. A push member 571, which can be solid or tubular, extends distally through a rear wall of hub 566 and into a proximal end of the penetrating member for setting the instrument in the extended position shown in FIG. 9, the push member being aligned with the instrument longitudinal axis with the probe laterally offset therefrom. A helical coil operating spring 598 is connected between operating flange 588 and the rear wall of the hub laterally offset from the push member to bias the probe in a distal direction. A helical coil cushion spring 600 is connected between the operating flange 588 and the retraction plate 594 to bias the probe in a proximal direction against the distal bias of the operating spring such that the operating member is maintained at an initial position with the instrument in the extended position as illustrated in FIG. 9. A helical coil retracting spring 602 is connected between retraction plate 594 and a rear wall of the hub to bias the retraction member proximally. The hub rear wall has an opening therein allowing passage therethrough by the push member 571, and a tubular collar 573 extends proximally, externally from the hub rear wall with the push member 571 extending proximally through the collar to terminate at an external knob 575 for rotating the push member around an axis aligned with the instrument longitudinal axis. A helical or spiral-like groove 577 is formed in an outer surface of the push member to receive a cam or pin 579 mounted externally along the hub rear wall and extending into the lumen of the collar such that rotation of the push member around the instrument axis produces longitudinal movement of the push member relative to the hub. With the push member fully inserted in the hub such that knob 575 abuts the collar 573 as shown in FIG. 9, the pin 579 is received in a proximal end of the groove 577, and a nub 581 protruding from the control tube distally of the groove is longitudinally aligned with a longitudinal slot 583 in the penetrating member, the slot extending through the retraction plate 594. The locking and releasing mechanism 612 for actuating the retracting mechanism includes a latch or locking spring similar to the locking spring for locking and releasing mechanism 112 except that no trigger members 126 are provided and trigger member 624 is made from a portion of arm 618 angled in a distal direction toward the instrument longitudinal axis to be disposed distally of the operating member in the initial position.
In use, the automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 560 is normally provided in a rest state with the distal end 576 of the penetrating member 562 retracted within portal sleeve 564 to be in a safe, protected position, the rest state coinciding with the retracted position for the penetrating member illustrated in FIG. 12. In the rest state, push member 571 is fully inserted in hub 566 with pin 579 disposed at a proximal end of the groove 577 and nub 581 disposed in the longitudinal slot 583 at a distal end thereof. When it is desired to utilize the instrument 560 to penetrate tissue and enter an anatomical cavity, knob 575 is rotated counterclockwise looking distally at FIG. 12 such that pin 579 and groove 577 cause the push member 571 to move proximally, longitudinally relative to the hub withdrawing the push member therefrom until a distal end of the groove 577 is disposed in the collar 573 with the pin 579 received therein in a ready position for the instrument as illustrated in FIG. 13. With the push member 571 withdrawn, the nub 581 is no longer longitudinally aligned with the slot 583 but, rather, is aligned with a solid portion of the retraction plate 594 offset 180° from the slot. The knob 575 is then rotated clockwise looking distally at FIG. 13 causing movement of the push member 571 longitudinally into the hub with movement of the retraction plate distally via engagement with nub 581. Once the push member has been fully inserted in the hub, the instrument will be in the extended position shown in FIG. 9 with the retraction plate 594 locked in place against the locking member 622 and the nub 581 longitudinally aligned with the slot 583. In the extended position, the Junction 584 will be substantially aligned with the distal end of the portal sleeve and the distal end 569 of the probe 565 will be disposed beyond the facet or end surface 582 and proximally of the tip with the cushion and operating springs positioning the operating member in the initial position proximally of the trigger member 624. When the instrument 560 is forced against tissue, such as tissue T forming a wall of an anatomical cavity, the probe 565 will be moved proximally as shown in FIG. 10 causing the operating member 588 to be moved proximally without bending or flexing the arm 618. Once a distal end of the sleeve 564 has entered the anatomical cavity, the probe 565 will be moved distally, and the momentum of the operating spring 598 moves the operating member 588 distally of the initial position to engage trigger member 624 and flex arm 618 in a direction outwardly from the instrument axis to release the retraction plate 594 as illustrated in FIG. 11. Once the retraction plate is released, retracting spring 602 automatically moves the penetrating member and with it the probe to a retracted position with the slot 583 moving along the nub 581. In the retracted position, the tip 578 of the penetrating member is disposed within the portal sleeve and the tip of the probe is disposed within the penetrating member as illustrated in FIG. 12, the instrument 560 can be reset in the extended position by withdrawing push member 571 from the hub to align nub 581 with the solid portion of the retraction plate and reinserting the push member in the hub to move the retracting mechanism distally.
The probe 565 can be arranged in the penetrating member 562 in many various ways, and FIGS. 14-17 illustrate byway of example alternative arrangements for the probe within the penetrating member where the probe is offset from a longitudinal axis of the penetrating member. In FIG. 14, the penetrating member distal end includes three equally spaced end surfaces or facets 582 joined along three edges 585 terminating distally at tip 578 and proximally at a junction joining the facets to body 574 with the probe 565 protruding through one of the end surfaces inwardly of the junction, i.e. inwardly of the circumference of body 574, a substantially equal angular distance from the edges 585 of the one end surface. The penetrating member of FIG. 15 includes three equally spaced end surfaces 582 Joined along edges 585 with the probe 565 protruding in part through two adjoining end surfaces 582 inwardly of the circumference of the body 574 and along the edge 585 joining the two end surfaces. In FIG. 16, the penetrating member includes three equally spaced end surfaces 582 joined along edges 585 with the probe 565 protruding in part through two adjoining end surfaces along the edge 585 joining the two end surfaces and along the circumference of the body 574. The penetrating member of FIG. 17 includes three equally spaced end surfaces 582 joined along edges 585 with the probe 565 protruding through one of the end surfaces along the circumference of the body 574 a substantially equal angular distance from the edges of the one end surface. It will be appreciated that the arrangements for the probe illustrated in FIGS. 14-17 are exemplary only and that the probe can be arranged in the penetrating member in many various ways in accordance with the structure for the probe and the configuration of the penetrating member. By positioning the probe to protrude from the penetrating member close to the junction 584 and the circumference of body 574, retraction of the penetrating member immediately upon the sleeve distal end entering the anatomical cavity can be realized.
In use, instrument 1460' is forced through tissue causing proximal movement of operating member 1488 by trigger member 1526 to the set position to produce pivotal movement of the locking and releasing mechanism 1512 without disengaging locking member 1522 from retraction plate 1494. Upon a distal end of the portal sleeve entering the anatomical cavity, the operating member 1488 will be moved distally toward the initial position to engage trigger member 1526 and pivot the locking and releasing mechanism 1512 around an axis parallel with a longitudinal axis of the instrument in a direction outwardly from the longitudinal axis such that the retraction plate is released for retraction by retracting spring 1502. By forming the locking member as a retraction plate only and by positioning the locking member distally of and close to the trigger member, the space required for the locking and releasing mechanism can be reduced allowing the length of the hub 1466 to be minimized.
A still further modification of an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument according to the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 45 at 1560. Automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 1560 is similar to automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 1460; however, a safety shield 1563 is utilized in instrument 1560 to trigger retraction, the safety shield terminating proximally at an operating member 1588. The locking and releasing mechanism 1612 for instrument 1560 is similar to locking and releasing mechanism 1512; however, the operating member 1588 for automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 1560 is positioned by an operating spring 1598 and a cushion spring 1600 in an initial position disposed proximally of a trigger member 1624 with the instrument in the extended position illustrated in FIG. 45. The penetrating member 1562 terminates proximally at retraction plate 1594 with the operating spring connected between the retraction plate and the operating member and the cushion spring connected between the operating member and the front wall of hub 1566. Instead of a spring, the retracting mechanism for instrument 1560 includes a magnetic bias with magnets 1669 being mounted in a rear wall of the hub 1566 and the retraction plate 1594 being made of a magnetizable material. Where use of magnets 1659 in the hub rear wall is not desired, the rear wall of the hub can be made of a material having one polarity with the retraction plate being made of a material having the opposite polarity. End cap 1606 is movably mounted relative to hub 1566 by bias members including mounting springs 1610 secured between a rear wall of the end cap and attachment blocks 1661 secured to and disposed in hub 1566. A push member 1671 is mounted in end cap 1600 for setting the instrument in the extended positions the push member 1671 being similar to push member 1471. An end cap release mechanism for locking the end cap relative to the hub and for releasing the end cap from the hub includes an actuating button 1630 made up of a spring 1631 externally secured on skirt 1608 of end cap 1606, the spring 1631 having a normal condition defining one or more than one bumps or protrusions for being received in an opening in a wall of the hub 1566 with the instrument in an extended position as illustrated in FIG. 45 and for being moved to a collapsed or flattened position allowing the end cap to be released from the hub.
A still further modification of an automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument according to the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 54 at 2260. Penetrating member 2262 for automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 2260 is similar to penetrating member 1962 for automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 1960 and includes an elongate body 2274 joined to neck 2286 at shoulder 2280, the body 2274 terminating proximally at a retraction plate 2294 disposed in end part 2272. Body 2274 can be removably secured to neck 2286 such as by threads 2290 allowing distal end 2276 to be removed from body 2274 and replaced with various other distal ends of diverse configurations. A safety shield 2263 is disposed around the penetrating member 2262, and includes an outer body concentrically disposed around the neck 2286 and end part 2272 of the penetrating member and an inner tubular body 2274' joined to the outer tubular body at an internal shoulder or end wall 2280'. Inner body 2274' is concentrically disposed around body 2274 and terminates proximally at an operating member 2288 disposed in end part 2272 distally of retraction plate 2294 with body 2274' passing through an opening in a forward wall of the end part. A locking and releasing mechanism 2318 is mounted in end part 2272, the locking and releasing mechanism 2318 being similar to the locking and releasing mechanism 1812. A control tube 2296 extends from a rear wall of end cap 2306 and into body 2274, and a retracting spring 2302 is connected between retraction plate 2294 and a rear wall of hub 2266 to bias the distal part 2270 of the penetrating member in a proximal direction. Control tube 2296 can be rotatably, releasably mounted in end cap 2306 to be partially withdrawn from body 2274 with ears, nubs or projections provided on the control tube to allow the control tube to serve as a push member for setting the instrument in the extended position as disclosed in applicant's co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/868,578 filed Apr. 15, 1992, the specification of which is incorporated herein by reference. An operating spring 2298 is disposed concentrically around body 2274 and connected between retraction plate 2294 and operating member 2288, and a cushion spring 2300 is concentrically disposed around body 2274' and connected between operating flange 2272 and the forward wall of end part 2278 to position the operating flange at an initial position in the extended position for the instrument illustrated in FIG. 54. In the extended position, operating flange 2288 will be in the initial position disposed proximally of triggers 2324 and distally of triggers 2326, and the retraction plate 2294 will be locked in place against locking member 2322.
When automatic retractable safety penetrating instrument 2760 is utilized to penetrate tissue and enter an anatomical cavity, distal part 2770 of penetrating member 2762 will be moved proximally during penetration of the tissue causing movement of operating member 2788 from the initial position to a set position. The distal part 2770 will be moved distally upon a distal end of the portal sleeve entering the anatomical cavity, and the operating member 2788 will be moved distally of the initial position to engage trigger cam 2827 causing rotation of trigger 2824 clockwise and movement of link arm 2818 proximally to engage hub 2810' moving locking arm 2818' in a direction transverse to the direction of proximal movement of arm 2818 such that the locking member 2822 is released from the retraction member. Accordingly, retracting spring 2802 will move the retraction member proximally carrying with it the distal part 2770 of the penetrating member to a retracted position.
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Classification internationale A61B19/00, A61B10/02, A61B17/34, A61B17/00, A61B10/00
Classification coopérative A61B17/3496, A61B17/3498, A61B17/3474, A61B2017/3484, A61B17/3417, A61B2017/00477, A61B2090/08021, A61B2017/3454, A61B2090/0811
Classification européenne A61B17/34S2, A61B17/34G
3 avr. 2001 REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
9 sept. 2001 LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
13 nov. 2001 FP Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee