Source: http://leg1.state.va.us/cgi-bin/legp504.exe?031+ful+HB2290ER
Timestamp: 2017-12-16 22:44:18
Document Index: 339511023

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 18', '§ 18', '§ 18', '§ 18', '§ 18', '§ 8', '§ 8', '§ 18', '§ 19', '§ 18', '§ 18', '§ 18']

VIRGINIA ACTS OF ASSEMBLY -- CHAPTER An Act to amend and reenact §§ 18.2-152.2, 18.2-152.3, 18.2-152.4, 18.2-152.6, 18.2-152.7, and 18.2-152.12 of the Code of Virginia and to amend the Code of Virginia by adding a section numbered 18.2-152.3:1 and by adding in Article 7.1 of Chapter 5 of Title 18.2 a section numbered 18.2-152.16 and by adding a section numbered 18.2-376.1, relating to spam, computer crimes and forfeiture. [H 2290] Approved
1. That §§ 18.2-152.2, 18.2-152.3, 18.2-152.4, 18.2-152.6, 18.2-152.7, and 18.2-152.12 of the Code of Virginia are amended and reenacted, and that the Code of Virginia is amended by adding a section numbered 18.2-152.3:1 and by adding in Article 7.1 of Chapter 5 of Title 18.2 a section numbered 18.2-152.16 and by adding a section numbered 18.2-376.1 as follows:
"Computer network" means two or more computers connected by a network.
"Electronic mail service provider" (EMSP) means any person who (i) is an intermediary in sending or receiving electronic mail and (ii) provides to end-users of electronic mail services the ability to send or receive electronic mail.
"Network" means any combination of digital transmission facilities and packet switches, routers, and similar equipment interconnected to enable the exchange of computer data.
1. attempts to cause or causes:
a 1. A computer or computer network to perform or to stop performing computer operations;
3. Attempts to cause or causes another A person to put false information into a computer.
A person is "without authority" when (i) he has no right or permission of the owner to use a computer or computer network or he uses a computer or computer network in a manner exceeding such right or permission or (ii) he uses a computer, a computer network, or the computer services of an electronic mail service provider to transmit unsolicited bulk electronic mail in contravention of the authority granted by or in violation of the policies set by the electronic mail service provider. Transmission of electronic mail from an organization to its members shall not be deemed to be unsolicited bulk electronic mail.
§ 18.2-152.3. Computer fraud.
Any person who uses a computer or computer network without authority and with the intent to:
1. Obtain property or services by false pretenses;
2. Embezzle or commit larceny; or
3. Convert the property of another shall be is guilty of the crime of computer fraud.
2. Knowingly sells, gives, or otherwise distributes or possesses with the intent to sell, give, or distribute software that (i) is primarily designed or produced for the purpose of facilitating or enabling the falsification of electronic mail transmission information or other routing information; (ii) has only limited commercially significant purpose or use other than to facilitate or enable the falsification of electronic mail transmission information or other routing information; or (iii) is marketed by that person acting alone or with another for use in facilitating or enabling the falsification of electronic mail transmission information or other routing information is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.
B. A person is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor if he commits a violation of subsection A and:
2. The revenue generated from a specific UBE transmission exceeded $1,000 or the total revenue generated from all UBE transmitted to any EMSP exceeded $50,000.
C. A person is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor if he knowingly hires, employs, uses, or permits any minor to assist in the transmission of UBE in violation of subdivision B 1 or subdivision B 2.
A. It shall be unlawful for any person to use a computer or computer network without authority and with the intent to:
B. It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to sell, give or otherwise distribute or possess with the intent to sell, give or distribute software which (i) is primarily designed or produced for the purpose of facilitating or enabling the falsification of electronic mail transmission information or other routing information; (ii) has only limited commercially significant purpose or use other than to facilitate or enable the falsification of electronic mail transmission information or other routing information; or (iii) is marketed by that person or another acting in concert with that person with that person's knowledge for use in facilitating or enabling the falsification of electronic mail transmission information or other routing information.
C B. Any person who violates this section shall be guilty of computer trespass, which offense shall be punishable as a Class 3 1 misdemeanor. If there is damage to the property of another valued at $2,500 or more caused by such person's reckless disregard for the consequences of his act in violation of this section, the offense shall be punished as a Class 1 misdemeanor. If there is damage to the property of another valued at $2,500 or more caused by such person's malicious act in violation of this section, the offense shall be punishable as a Class 6 felony.
D C. Nothing in this section shall be construed to interfere with or prohibit terms or conditions in a contract or license related to computers, computer data, computer networks, computer operations, computer programs, computer services, or computer software or to create any liability by reason of terms or conditions adopted by, or technical measures implemented by, a Virginia-based electronic mail service provider to prevent the transmission of unsolicited electronic mail in violation of this article. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the monitoring of computer usage of, the otherwise lawful copying of data of, or the denial of computer or Internet access to a minor by a parent or legal guardian of the minor.
§ 18.2-152.6. Theft of computer services.
Any person who willfully uses a computer or computer network, with intent to obtain computer services without authority, shall be guilty of the crime of theft of computer services, which shall be punishable as a Class 1 misdemeanor. If the theft of computer services is valued at $2,500 or more, he is guilty of a Class 6 felony.
§ 18.2-152.7. Personal trespass by computer.
A. A person is guilty of the crime of personal trespass by computer when he uses a computer or computer network without authority and with the intent to cause physical injury to an individual.
B. If committed maliciously, the crime of personal trespass by computer shall be punishable as a Class 3 felony. If such act be is done unlawfully but not maliciously, the crime of personal trespass by computer shall be punishable as a Class 1 misdemeanor 6 felony.
A. Any person whose property or person is injured by reason of a violation of any provision of this article may sue therefor and recover for any damages sustained and the costs of suit. Without limiting the generality of the term, "damages" shall include loss of profits.
B. If the injury under this article arises from the transmission of unsolicited bulk electronic mail in contravention of the authority granted by or in violation of the policies set by the electronic mail service provider where the defendant has knowledge of the authority or policies of the EMSP or where the authority or policies of the EMSP are available on the electronic mail service provider's website, the injured person, other than an electronic mail service provider, may also recover attorneys' fees and costs, and may elect, in lieu of actual damages, to recover the lesser of ten dollars $10 for each and every unsolicited bulk electronic mail message transmitted in violation of this article, or $25,000 per day. The injured person shall not have a cause of action against the electronic mail service provider which that merely transmits the unsolicited bulk electronic mail over its computer network. Transmission of electronic mail from an organization to its members shall not be deemed to be unsolicited bulk electronic mail.
C. If the injury under this article arises from the transmission of unsolicited bulk electronic mail in contravention of the authority granted by or in violation of the policies set by the electronic mail service provider where the defendant has knowledge of the authority or policies of the EMSP or where the authority or policies of the EMSP are available on the electronic mail service provider's website, an injured electronic mail service provider may also recover attorneys' fees and costs, and may elect, in lieu of actual damages, to recover the greater of ten dollars $1 for each and every intended recipient of an unsolicited bulk electronic mail message transmitted in violation of this article, or $25,000 per day where the intended recipient is an end user of the EMSP or $25,000 for each day an attempt is made to transmit an unsolicited bulk electronic mail message to an end user of the EMSP. In calculating the statutory damages under this provision, the court may adjust the amount awarded as necessary, but in doing so shall take into account the number of complaints to the EMSP generated by the defendant's messages, the defendant's degree of culpability, the defendant's prior history of such conduct, and the extent of economic gain resulting from the conduct. Transmission of electronic mail from an organization to its members shall not be deemed to be unsolicited bulk electronic mail.
F. A civil action under this section must be commenced before expiration of the time period prescribed in § 8.01-40.1. In actions alleging injury arising from the transmission of unsolicited bulk electronic mail, personal jurisdiction may be exercised pursuant to § 8.01-328.1.
§ 18.2-152.16. Forfeitures for violation of this chapter.
All moneys and other income, including all proceeds earned but not yet received by a defendant from a third party as a result of the defendant's violations of this chapter, and all computer equipment, all computer software, and all personal property used in connection with any violation of this chapter known by the owner thereof to have been used in violation of this chapter, shall be subject to lawful seizure by a law-enforcement officer and forfeiture by the Commonwealth in accordance with the procedures set forth in Chapter 22.1 (§ 19.2-386.1 et seq.) of Title 19.2, applied mutatis mutandis.
§ 18.2-376.1. Enhanced penalties for using a computer in certain violations.
Any person who uses a computer in connection with a violation of §§ 18.2-374, 18.2-375, or § 18.2-376 is guilty of a separate and distinct Class 1 misdemeanor, and for a second or subsequent such offense within 10 years of a prior such offense is guilty of a Class 6 felony, the penalties to be imposed in addition to any other punishment otherwise prescribed for a violation of any of those sections.