Source: http://www.docstoc.com/docs/48363587/Apparatus-For-Data-Copyright-Management-System---Patent-6128605
Timestamp: 2015-08-05 08:36:03
Document Index: 576056985

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 64889', 'Application No. 237673', 'Application No. 64889', 'Application No. 64889', 'Application No. 237673', 'Application No. 64889', 'Application No. 237673', 'Application No. 2376737', 'Application No. 237673', 'application No. 237673']

Apparatus For Data Copyright Management System - Patent 6128605 by Patents-78
48363587
1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to an apparatus for displaying, storing, copying, editing or transferring digital data, and protecting digital data copyrights.2. Background ArtIn the information-oriented society of today, database systems are becoming wide spread in which it is possible to use various types of data, stored independently in each computer in the past, by connecting computers via communication lines.In such a database system, the information handled up to this point has been conventionally coded information that can be processed by a computer, and that contains a relatively small amount of information and monochrome binary data, such asfacsimile information at most. It is not possible to handle data containing a relatively large amount of information, such as data for natural pictures or animation.With the rapid progress of digital processing technique for various electric signals, a technique is under development for digital processing of picture signals other than binary data, handled only as analog signals in the past.By digitizing the picture signal, it is possible to handle a picture signal, e.g., a television signal, by a computer. "Multimedia system" is an emerging technology of the future capable of simultaneously handling the data handled by computersand digitized picture data.Because picture data contains an overwhelmingly large amount of information compared with character data and audio data, it is difficult to store or transfer or process the picture data by computer. For this reason, techniques for compressing orexpanding picture data have been developed. Further, several standards for compression/expansion of picture data have been established. For example, the following standards have been established as common standards: JPEG (Joint Photographic imagecoding Experts Group) standards for still pictures, H.261 standards for video conferences, MPEG1 (Moving Picture image coding Experts Group 1) standards for p
United States Patent: 6128605
A data copyright management apparatus for handling data copyrights and data
of digital cash, and for use in video conference systems is provided. The
data copyright management apparatus is connected to a user terminal, and
is used for performing decryption of encrypted digital data to be copied
and edited, and also performing encryption of decrypted digital data to be
stored, copied and transferred. The data copyright management apparatus
may comprise one central processing unit so that either one of a
microprosser of the user terminal and the microprocessor of the data
copyright management apparatus performs decryption of the encrypted data
and the other performs re-encryption of decrypted data at the same time.
The data copyright management apparatus may also comprise two central
processing units so that one central processing unit performs decryption
of the encrypted data and the other central processing unit performs
re-encryption of the decrypted data at the same time. The data copyright
management apparatus may be configured in the form of a monolithic or
hybrid IC, an IC card, a PC card, or an insertion board. Further, the data
copyright management apparatus may be incorporated in a computer, a
television set, a set-top box, a digital video tape recorder, a digital
video disk recorder, a digital audio tape apparatus, or a personal digital
assistants and the like.
Saito; Makoto (Tokyo, JP), Momiki; Shunichi (Tokyo, JP)
08/882,909
549270Oct., 1995
6-264200
6-299835
705/57  ; 348/E5.004; 348/E5.007; 348/E7.056; 380/201; 380/203; 705/51; 713/189; 713/193
G06Q 20/00&amp;nbsp(20060101); G06T 1/00&amp;nbsp(20060101); G07F 7/08&amp;nbsp(20060101); G07F 7/10&amp;nbsp(20060101); G06F 1/00&amp;nbsp(20060101); G07F 17/00&amp;nbsp(20060101); G06F 21/00&amp;nbsp(20060101); G07F 17/16&amp;nbsp(20060101); H04N 7/167&amp;nbsp(20060101); H04N 5/00&amp;nbsp(20060101); H04L 009/00&amp;nbsp()
380/4,9,49,21,50,30,203,201 713/191,193,189 705/51,57
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/549,270 filed on Oct. 27,
1.  A data copyright management apparatus used in a user terminal for decrypting encrypted input data using a first secret-key to produce decrypted data for display or edit
operations and for re-encrypted data said decrypted data using a second secret-key to produce re-encrypted data for store, copy, or transfer operations,
either one of said microprocessor of said user terminal and said central processing unit of said data copyright management apparatus being programmed to perform decryption of a first amount of said encrypted input data by using said first
secret-key to produce said decrypted data;
the other of said microprocessor and said central processing unit being programmed to perform re-encryption of a previously decrypted second amount of said encrypted input date, different from said first amount of said encrypted input data, by
using said second secret-key, at the same time as the decryption of said first amount of said encrypted input data, to produce said re-encrypted data;  and
2.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 1, which is configured in the form of an IC.
3.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 1, which is configured in the form of an IC card.
4.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 1, which is configured in the form of a PC card.
5.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 1, which is configured in the form of an insertion board.
6.  A data copyright management apparatus used with a user terminal for decrypting encrypted input data using a first secret-key to produce decrypted data for display or edit operations and for re-encrypting said decrypted data using a second
secret-key to produce re-encrypted data for store, copy, or transfer operations,
said second computer comprising a second central processing unit, a second local bus connected to said second central processing unit, and a second read-only semiconductor memory and a second read/write memory connected to said second local bus,
said second local bus being connected to said first local bus through an intermediate bus;
said second computer being programmed to re-encrypt a previously decrypted second amount of said encrypted input data, different from said first amount of said encrypted input data, by using said second secret-key, at the same time as the
decryption of said first amount of said encrypted input data, to produce said re-encrypted data;  and
7.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 6, which is configured in the form of an IC.
8.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 6, which is configured in the form of an IC card.
9.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 6, which is configured in the form of a PC card.
10.  The data copyright management apparatus according to claim 6, which is configured in the form of an insertion board.
11.  A data copyright management system comprising:
a second processor programmed to re-encrypt a previously decrypted second amount of said encrypted input data using a second secret key at the same time said first processor is decrypting said first amount of said encrypted input data, said
second amount of said encrypted input data being different from said first amount of said encrypted input data;
means for displaying or editing said input data after said encrypted input data is decrypted by said first processor;  and
means for storing, copying, or transferring said input data only after said encrypted input data is decrypted by said first processor and re-encrypted by said second processor.  Description
By digitizing the picture signal, it is possible to handle a picture signal, e.g., a television signal, by a computer.  &quot;Multimedia system&quot; is an emerging technology of the future capable of simultaneously handling the data handled by computers
Although data from &quot;Software with advertisement&quot; or &quot;free software&quot; is generally available free of charge, it is copyrighted and its use may be restricted by the copyright depending on the way it is used.
No. 141004/1994.  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 132916/1994 to the same inventors also discusses an apparatus for copyright management.  Furthermore, the same inventors proposed a system for managing a copyright of digital data in Japanese Patent
Application No. 64889/1994 and Japanese Patent Application No. 237673/1994.
In these systems and apparatus, one who wants to view and listen to encrypted programs requests viewing from a control center via a communications line by using a communication device.  The control center sends a permit key to the requester,
performs charging and collects a fee.
After receiving the permit key, the requester sends the permit key to a receiver by using an on-line or off-line means.  The receiver then decrypts the encrypted programs using the permit key.
The system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 64889/1994 uses a program and copyright information for managing the copyright, in addition to the permit key, so that the copyright for display (including sound processes), storage,
copying, editing, or transferring of the digital data in the database system, including real-time transmission of a digital picture, can be managed.  The program for managing the copyright watches and manages to prevent a user from using the digital data
outside the conditions of the user&#39;s request or permission.
Japanese Patent Application No. 64889/1994 further discloses that data is supplied in encrypted form from a database, decrypted by a copyright management program when displayed or edited, and encrypted again when it is stored, copied or
transferred.  Also, the copyright management program, being encrypted, is decrypted by a permit key.  The copyright management program thus decrypted performs encryption and decryption of copyright data, and when data is utilized other than for storage
and display, copyright information including information about the user, being stored as a history in addition to the original copyright information, is disclosed.
A general description of cryptography is provided below.  Cryptography includes a secret-key cryptosystem and a public-key cryptosystem.
The secret-key cryptosystem is a cryptosystem using the same crypt key for encryption and decryption.  While this cryptosystem requires only a short time for encryption or decryption, if the secret-key is found, the cryption may be cryptanalized.
The public-key cryptosystem is a cryptosystem in which a key for encryption is open to the public as a public-key, and a key for decryption is not open to the public.  The key for encryption is referred to as a public-key and the key for
decryption is referred to as a private-key.  To use this cryptosystem, it is necessary that the party transmitting information encrypts the information with the public-key of the party receiving the information.  The party receiving the information
decrypts the information with a private-key not open to the public.  While this cryptosystem requires a relatively long time for encryption or decryption, the private-key cannot easily be found, and it is very difficult to cryptanalyze the cryption.
The cryptosystem used for the present invention uses a secret-key cryptosystem in which the same secret-key Ks is used for encryption and decryption, and a public-key cryptosystem in which a public-key Kb is used for encryption of plaintext data
and a private-key Kv is used for decryption of a cryptogram.
It will be obvious that this system can be applied when using a satellite broadcast, ground wave broadcast, CATV broadcast or a recording medium other than a database as the data supply means provided with advertisement requiring no charge or
In this system, reference numeral 1 represents a database, 4 represents a primary user terminal, 5 represents a secondary user terminal, 6 represents a tertiary user terminal, and 7 represents an n-order user terminal.  Also, reference numeral 3
represents a copyright management center, 8-10 represent a secondary copyright data, tertiary copyright data, and n-order copyright data, respectively, stored at the copyright management center 3.  Reference numeral 2 represents a communication network
such as a public telephone line offered by a communication enterprise or a CATV line offered by a cable television enterprise.
In the above arrangement, the database 1, primary user terminal 4, secondary user terminal 5, tertiary user terminal 6, n-order user terminal 7, and copyright management center 3 are connected to the communication network 2.  They can also be
In FIG. 1, a path shown by a broken line represents a path for encrypted data.  A path shown by a solid line represents a path of requests from each user terminal.  A path shown by a one-dot chain line represents a path through which a crypt key
and authorization information corresponding to a utilization request for data are transferred.  A path shown by a two-dot chain line represents a path through which copyright information is transferred from the database or from one data element to a
next-order data element within the copyright management center.
Each user who uses this system has previously been entered in the database system and has been provided with database utilization software.  The database utilization software includes a program for decrypting an encrypted copyright management
program in addition to normal communication software such as data communications protocols.
To use the database 1, a primary user prepares primary-user authentication data Au1, a first public-key Kb1, a first private-key Kv1 corresponding to the first public-key Kb1, a second public-key Kb2, and a second private-key Kv2 corresponding to
the second public-key Kb2.  The primary user accesses the database 1 from the primary user terminal 4 via the communication network 2.
The database 1, receiving the primary-user authentication data Au1, first public-key Kb1 and second public-key Kb2 from the primary user, confirms the primary-user authentication data Au1 and transfers the confirmed primary-user authentication
data Au1 to the copyright management center 3 as the primary user information Iu1.
The database 1 prepares two secret-keys, first secret-key Ks1 and second secret-key Ks2.  The second secret-key Ks2 is transferred to the copyright management center 3.
As the result of the above transfer, a permit key corresponding to primary utilization, the primary user information Iu1, original copyright information Ic0 and the second secret-key Ks2 are stored in the copyright management center 3.  In this
case, the original copyright information Ic0 is used for copyright royalties distribution.
When a primary user who desires data utilization accesses the database 1 from the primary user terminal 4, a data menu is transferred to him.  In this case, information for charges may be displayed together with the data menu.
When the data menu is transferred, the primary user retrieves the data menu and selects the data M. In this case, the original copyright information Ic0 of the selected data M is transmitted to the copyright management center 3.  The primary user
selects permit key Kp1 corresponding to the required form of the usage such as viewing, storing, copying, editing and transferring of data.  Permit key Kp1 is also transmitted to the copyright management center 3.
The original data M0 is read out of the database 1 in accordance with a request of the primary user.  The read original data M0 is encrypted by the first secret-key Ks1:
The primary user receiving the encrypted original data Cm0ks1, two encrypted secret-keys Cks1kb1 and Cks2kb2, and encrypted copyright management program Cpks2 from the database 1 decrypts the encrypted first secret-key Cks1kb1 with the database
As described above, the first private-key Kv1 and second private-key Kv2 are crypt keys prepared by the primary user but not open to others.  Therefore, even if a third party obtains the data M, it is impossible to use the encrypted data M by
The first private-key Kv1 and second private-key Kv2, the first secret-key Ks1 and second secret-key Ks2, the data M, the copyright management program P, the original copyright information Ic0 and copyright information Ic1, containing information
about the primary user and the editing date and time, are stored in the primary user terminal 4.
The encrypted data Cmks2 is encrypted to be distributed.  Since the copyright information label provides a clue to obtain the second secret-key Ks2 which is the key for decryption, the second secret key Ks2 cannot be obtained in the case where
the copyright information label is removed from the encrypted data Cmks2.
When the encrypted data Cmks2 is stored in the primary user terminal 4, the second secret-key Ks2 is stored in the terminal 4.  However, when the encrypted data Cmks2 is not stored in the primary user terminal 4 but is copied to the recording
medium 11 or transferred to the secondary user terminal 5 via the communication network 2, the second secret-key Ks2 is disused in order to disable subsequent utilization of the data in the primary user terminal 4.
The primary user who is going to copy the data M to the external recording medium 11 or transmit the data M via the communication network 2 must prepare the second secret-key Ks2 to encrypt the data M by this second secret-key Ks2 before copying
or transmitting the data:
Before using a database, a secondary user, similar to the primary user, prepares authentication data Au2 for authenticating the secondary user, a third public-key Kb3, a third private-key Kv3 corresponding to the third public-key Kb3, a fourth
public-key Kb4, and a fourth private-key Kv4 corresponding to the fourth public-key Kb4.
The secondary user who desires secondary utilization of the copied or transferred encrypted data Cmks2 must designate the original data name or number to the copyright management center 3 in order to request secondary utilization from the
secondary user terminal 5 via the communication network 2.  In this time, the secondary user also transfers the third public-key Kb3 and the fourth public-key Kb4, as well as the secondary user authentication data Au2, original copyright information Ic0
The copyright management center 3 receiving the secondary utilization request from the secondary user confirms the secondary-user authentication data Au2, and transfers confirmed secondary-user authentication data Au2 to the tertiary copyright
data 9 as secondary user information.
When the secondary copyright information Ic1 of the primary user is transferred, the secondary copyright information Ic1 is provided to the secondary copyright data 8, and then, secondary copyright data 8 recognizes the secondary copyright
information Ic1 to be transferred to the tertiary copyright data 9.
The secondary user selects permit key Kp2 corresponding to the form of data usage such as viewing, storing, copying, editing and transferring of data.  Permit key Kp2 corresponding to the selected usage is sent to the tertiary copyright data 9.
The secondary copyright data 8 prepares a third secret-key Ks3.  The prepared third secret-key Ks3 is transferred to and stored in the tertiary copyright data 9.
As the result of the above transfer, the permit key Kp2, primary user copyright information Ic1, primary user information Iu1, original copyright information Ic0, secondary user information Iu2, and third secret-key Ks3 are stored in the tertiary
copyright data 9.  The permit key Kp2, primary user copyright information Ic1, and primary user information Iu1 are used for copyright royalties distribution.
Hereafter similarly, permit key Kpn corresponding to n-order usage, copyright information for secondary exploitation right Icn-1 of (n-1)-order user, primary user information Iu1, original copyright information Ic0, n-order user information Iun,
and n-th secret-key Ksn are stored in n-order copyright data 10.
The permit key Kp2, primary user information Iu1, original copyright information Ic0 and second secret-key Ks2 are read out of the secondary copyright data 8.  The original copyright information Ic0 is used for copyright royalties distribution.
The copyright management program P is encrypted by the third secret-key Ks3 :
The encrypted copyright management program Cpks3, encrypted second secret-key Cks2kb3, and encrypted third secret-key Cks3kb4 are transferred to the secondary user terminal 5 via the communication network 2.  In this case, charging is performed,
The secondary user, receiving two encrypted secret-keys, Cks2kb3 and Cks3kb4, and the encrypted copyright management program Cpks3 from the secondary copyright data 8, and using the database utilization software decrypts the encrypted second
secret-key Cks2kb3 by the third private-key Kv3, and decrypts the encrypted third secret-key Cks3kb4 by the fourth private-key Kv4 corresponding to the fourth public-key Kb4:
As described above, the third private-key Kv3 and the fourth private-key Kv4 are prepared by the secondary user but not opened to others.  Therefore, even if a third party obtains the encrypted data Cmks2, it is impossible to use the data by
For storing them, the simplest means to use is a flexible disk.  However, the flexible disk is easy to lose or alter.
Recently, use of an IC card has spread in which an IC element is sealed in a card-like package.  Particularly, standardization of a PC card with a microprocessor sealed inside has developed for PCMCIA cards and JEIDA cards.
The data copyright management unit 15 is configured as a computer system comprising a microprocessor (CPU) 16, a local bus 17 of CPU 16, read only memory (ROM) 18 connected to local bus 17, and write/read memory (RAM) 19, and wherein the local
bus 17 is connected to system bus 22 of the microprocessor 21 of the user terminal 20.
Further, a communication unit (COMM) 23 which receives data from an external database and transfers data to the external database; a CD-ROM drive (CDRD) 24 which reads data provided by CD-ROM; a flexible disk drive (FDD) 25 which copies received
or edited data to a flexible disk drive to provide the outside with such data, and a hard disc drive (HDD) 26 which stores data are connected to the system bus 22 in the user terminal 20.
As is typical, ROM and RAM or the like are connected to the system bus 22 of the user terminal.  However, this is not shown in the figure.
Fixed information, such as software and user data, for utilizing the database is stored in ROM 18 of the data copyright management unit 15.  A crypt-key and the copyright management program provided from the key control center or copyright
management center are stored in RAM 19.
The apparatus for data copyright management in the present invention is attached to the user terminal, which comprises a central processing unit, central processing unit bus, read only semiconductor memory, electrically erasable programmable
read-only memory, and read/write memory.
The central processing unit, read only semiconductor memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, and read/write memory are connected to the central processing unit bus.  Also, the system bus of a unit which utilizes the data can
be connected to it.  A data copyright management system program, a crypt algorithm, and user information are stored in the read only semiconductor memory.  A second private-key, permit key, second secret-key, and copyright information are stored in the
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory.  The first public-key, first private-key, second public-key, and first secret-key are transferred to the read/write memory during operation of the unit.  If the copyright management program is provided
from the outside, it is stored in the EEPROM.  Otherwise, it is stored in ROM.
In the data copyright management system described above as a Japanese patent application, while the obtained encrypted data is decrypted for displaying/editing, the obtained or edited data is re-encrypted to store/copy/transfer, so that no
unauthorized use of the data is allowed.
Accordingly, in the apparatus used in the data copyright management system of the present invention, re-encryption of data, as well as decryption of data should be performed concurrently.  However, the data copyright management apparatus
described in the Japanese patent application can perform only one process of either data decryption or data re-encryption at the time.
For this purpose, data which was encrypted and provided is decrypted and re-encrypted by adding at least one microprocessor, and preferably two microprocessors, in addition to the microprocessor that controls the entire user terminal therein.
When one microprocessor is added, one of the two microprocessors which are a microprocessor of the user terminal and added one, will decrypt data and the other will re-encrypt data.
Although the added microprocessors may be connected to the system bus of the microprocessor in the user terminal, this configuration may not allow a multiprocessor configuration to operate plural microprocessors concurrently.  Therefore, in the
present application, a data copyright management apparatus is implemented as a multiprocessor configuration utilizing SCSI bus or PCI bus.
Other than character data, digital data includes graphic data, computer programs digital audio data, still picture data of the JPEG standard, and motion-picture data of the MPEG standard.  While the data works comprising these data forms are
utilized by using various apparatus, it is necessary that these apparatus also include the data copyright management function.
The data copyright management unit 30 is a computer system having CPU 16, and local bus 17 of CPU 16, ROM 18, RAM 19, and EEPROM 31 which are connected to local bus 17, wherein local bus 17 is connected to the system bus 22 of the microprocessor
21 in the user terminal 20.
Further, communication unit (COMM) 23 which receives data from external database and transfers data outside, CD-ROM drive (CDRD) 24 which reads data provided by CD-ROM, a flexible disc drive (FDD) 25 which copies data received or edited in order
to supply it to the outside, and hard disk drive (HDD) 26 which stores data are connected to the system bus 22 of the user terminal 20.
ROM and RAM are connected to the system bus 22 of the user terminal.  However, they are not shown in the figure.
A crypt-key and copyright information are stored in EEPROM 31.  Further, when the data copyright management program and cryptography program are supplied from outside, such as from a database, they are stored in EEPROM 31, rather than in ROM 18.
A crypt-key and copyright information are stored in EEPROM 31.  Also, when the copyright management program and the cryptography program are supplied from the outside, such as from a database, they are stored in EEPROM 31, rather than ROM 18.
Still, the EEPROM is not necessarily required and may be omitted.
Either one of the first crypt-key or the second crypt-key supplied from the key control center or copyright management center, and the data copyright management system program are stored in RAM 19.  However, information such as software and the
user data required by MPU 46 in the user terminal 20 are supplied to the user terminal 20 by the software, and stored in RAM of the user terminal 20.  Besides, either one of the first crypt-key or the second crypt-key supplied from the key control center
on the copyright management center, and the data copyright management system program are stored in RAM of the terminal unit 20.
The process of decryption and re-encryption are shared by MPU 46 of the main body of the user terminal 20 and CPU 16 of the data copyright management unit 30; one re-encrypts data and the other decrypts data, and only the processed results of the
data copyright management unit 30 are transferred to the user terminal.
A microcomputer (CPU) 16, read only semiconductor memory (ROM) 18, write/read memory (RAM) 19, and electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) 31 are enclosed in the data copyright management unit 30, and are connected to
microcomputer bus 17 of the microcomputer 16.  The microcomputer bus 17 is further connected to system bus 22 of the user terminal 20 main body.
The electrically erasable programmable read-only memory 31 is divided internally into three areas.  In the first area 35, the first public-key Kb1, the first private-key Kv1, the second public-key Kb2, and the second private-key Kv2 are stored.
In the second area 36, the copyright management program P, the first secret-key Ks1 for use as a permit key in the primary use (such as a view permit, store permit, copy permit/, edit permit, or transfer permit), and the second secret key Ks2 for
use as a permit key in the secondary use (such as view permit, store permit, copy permit, edit permit or transfer permit) are stored.  However, in some cases where the copyright management program P is not supplied from the outside, but preset in the
user side, the copyright management program P is stored in the read only memory 18, rather than in the second area 36 of the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory 31.
As in the case of the electrically erasable programmable read-only memory 31, the inside of the write/read memory 19 is divided into three areas.  In the first area 32, the first public-key Kb1, the first private-key Kv1, and the second
public-key Kb2 are stored during operation.  In the second area 33, the first secret-key Ks1 for use as a permit key in the primary utilization (such as a view permit, store permit, copy permit, edit permit, or transfer permit) is stored during
operation.  In the third area 34, an access control key is stored during operation.
The user terminal attached with the data copyright management apparatus is reliable since it performs all of the processes for utilizing data within the data copyright management unit related to the present invention, so that only the results are
transferred to the user terminal for various utilization.
When picture data containing large amount of information is transferred/received, original data is transmitted after being compressed to reduce the amount of data.  The compressed data is expanded after reception to utilize it.  In this case, the
data copyright may be managed by encryption.
FIG. 5 is an example of data copyright management flow when encrypted data of a digital picture is compressed in the JPEG or MPEG standard.  The flow is divided into transmitting side flow and receiving side flow-with a transmit line in between.
The receiving side flow is further divided into display flow and storage flow.
The signal process in the transmitting side consists of a process preparing a digital picture and a process processing the digital picture prepared.  In this process, if an original picture is the digital picture 41, it proceeds to next process.
If an original picture is an analog picture 40, digitizing process 42 is performed.
The picture data signal processed in the transmitting side is transmitted through transmission line 45 such as a satellite broadcasting wave, terrestrial broadcasting wave, CATV wave, or public telephone line/ISDN line.  Further, recording media
such as a digital video tape, a digital video disk, or CD-ROM may be used as the transmission line.
Thus, the picture data transmitted to the receiving side is decrypted (46) first using the first secret key, then the compressed picture data is expanded (47) to be displayed (49).  When the display is a digital data display unit, it is directly
displayed, however, when it is an analog data display unit, it is converted to analog data 48.
In redisplaying the picture data re-encrypted and stored, it is re-decrypted (52) using the second secret key and displayed (49).  If the display unit is a digital data display unit, it is directly displayed, however, if it is an analog data
display unit, it is converted to analog data (48).
FIG. 6 shows an example of the data copyright management system disclosed in the Japanese Patent Application No. 237673/1994.  This system uses the secret-key system as a cryptosystem.
In the case of this system, reference numeral 1 represents a database in which text data, binary data serving as a computer graphic display or a computer program, digital audio data, and digital picture data are stored by being encrypted.
Reference numeral 14 represents a space satellite such as a communications satellite or a broadcasting satellite.  Reference numeral 15 represents a data recorder such as a CD-ROM or a flexible disk.  Reference numeral 2 represents a communication
network such as a public telephone line offered by a communication enterprise or a CATV line offered by a cable television enterprise.  Reference numeral 4 represents a primary user terminal.  Reference numeral 16 represents a key control center for
managing a secret-key, and reference numeral 17 represents a copyright management center for managing a data copyright.
Reference numerals 5, 6, and 7 represent a secondary user terminal, a tertiary user terminal, and n-order user terminal respectively.  Reference numerals 11, 12, and 13 represent a secondary disk, tertiary disk, and n-order disk serving as a
recording medium such as a flexible disk or CD-ROM respectively.  The symbol &quot;n&quot; represents an optional integer.  When &quot;n&quot; is larger than four, a corresponding user terminal and a corresponding disk are arranged between the tertiary user terminal 6 and
the n-order user terminal 7 and between the tertiary disk 12 and the n-order disk 13 respectively.
In the above arrangement, the database 1, key control center 16, copyright management center 17, primary user terminal 4, secondary user terminal 5, tertiary user terminal 6, and n-order user terminal 7 are connected to the communication network
In FIG. 6, the path shown by a broken line is a path of encrypted data; a path shown by a solid line is a path of requests from each user termina; and a path shown by a one-dot chain line is a path through which authorization information
corresponding to a utilization request and a secret-key are transferred.
Each user who uses this system has been previously entered in the database system.  When the user is entered in the system, database utilization software is provided to the user.  The database utilization software includes not only normal
communication software such as a data communication protocol, but also a program for running a copyright management program.
Original data M0 of text data, binary data as a computer graphic display or computer program, digital audio data, or digital picture data stored in the database 1 or data recording medium 15 is supplied via one-way communication to the primary
user terminal 4 via the communication network 2, satellite 14 or recording medium 15.  In this case, the data is encrypted with a first secret-key Ks1:
It is disclosed in the Japanese Patent Application No. 64889/1994 that the data utilization includes not only displaying of data which is the most basic usage, but also storing, editing, copying, and transferring of the data.  A use permit key is
prepared which corresponds to one or several forms of usage, and its management is executed by the copyright management program.
In other words, the data whose copyright is claimed is encrypted to be distributed.  Only when the data is displayed or displayed for editing the data in a user terminal having a copyright treatment function, the data is decrypted to a plaintext
A primary user who desires primary utilization of the supplied encrypted data Cm0ks1 requests for primary utilization of the encrypted original data Cm0ks1 by designating the original data name or the original data number to the key control
center 16 via the communication network 2 from the primary user terminal 4.  In this case, the primary user must present information Iu1 for the primary user to the key control center 16.
The key control center 16, receiving the primary utilization request from the primary user terminal 4, transfers first secret-key Ks1 for decrypting the encrypted original data Cm0ks1 obtained from the database 1 by the primary user and second
secret-key Ks2 for re-encrypting the decrypted
original data M0 or edited data M1 from the original data, together with a copyright management program P via the communication network 2 to the primary user terminal 4.
In the primary user terminal 4, receiving the first secret-key Ks1 as a decryption key and the second secret-key Ks2 as an encryption/decryption key, the encrypted original data Cm0ks1 is decrypted by the first secret-key Ks1 using the copyright
When the data M which is the original data M0 or edited data M1, is stored in a memory or a built-in hard disk drive of the primary user terminal 4, only the primary user can use the data.  However, when the data M is copied to the external
recording medium 11, such as a flexible disk, or transmitted to the secondary user terminal 5 via the communication network 2, a copyright problem due to secondary utilization occurs.
When the original data M0 obtained by the primary user is directly copied and supplied to a secondary user, the copyright of the primary user is not effected on the data M0 because the original data M0 is not modified at all.  However, when the
primary user produces new data M1 by editing the obtained data M0 or by using means such as combination with other data, the copyright of the primary user, i.e., secondary exploitation right occurring from secondarily utilizing original data, is effected
on the data M1.
Similarly, when a secondary user produces new data M2 by editing the original data M0 or edited data M1 obtained from the primary user, or by means such as combination with other data, the copyright of the secondary user, i.e., secondary
exploitation right of the secondary user is also effected.
In this system, to deal with the copyright problem, the data M is encrypted by the second secret-key Ks2 using the copyright management program P when the data M is stored, copied, or transferred.  Thereafter, in the primary user terminal 4, the
It is free in principle that the primary user displays and edits data to obtain edited data.  In this case, however, it is possible to limit the repetitions of the operation by the copyright management program.
When the data M is copied to the external recording medium 11 or transmitted via the communication network 2, the first secret-key Ks1 and the second secret-key Ks2 in the primary user terminal 4 are disused by the copyright management program P.
Therefore, when reusing the data M, the primary user requests for utilization of the data M to the key control center 16 to again obtain the second secret-key Ks2.
The fact that the user receives the regrant of the second secret-key Ks2 represents secondary utilization of data in which the data M has been copied to the external recording medium 11 or transferred to the secondary user terminal 5 via the
communication network 2.  Therefore, this fact is entered in the copyright management center 17 from the key control center 16, and subsequent secondary utilization becomes possible.
The data M is moved from the primary user terminal 4 to the secondary user terminal 5 by the external recording medium 11 or the communication network 2.  When the data M is copied to the external recording medium 11 or transmitted via the
communication network 2, it is encrypted by the second secret-key Ks2.
When the data M is copied to the external recording medium 11 or transmitted via the communication network 2, the first secret-key Ks1 and the second secret-key Ks2 in the primary user terminal 4 are disused.  At this time, uncrypted primary user
information Iu1 is added to the encrypted data Cmks2 stored in the primary user terminal 4 and when the encrypted data Cmks2 is transferred to the secondary user, the primary user information Iu1 is also transferred.
A secondary user who desires secondary utilization of the encrypted data Cmks2 copied or transmitted from the primary user must designate the original data name or data number to the copyright management center 17 via the communication network 2
by the secondary user terminal 5, and also present the secondary user information Iu2 to the center 17 to request for secondary utilization of the data Cmks2.  In this time, the secondary user further presents the uncrypted primary user information Iu1
added to the encrypted data Cmks2 in order to clarify the relationship with the primary user.
The copyright management center 17 confirms, in accordance with the presented primary user information Iu1, that the primary user has received a regrant of the second secret-key Ks2 for secondary-utilizing the data, and then, transfers the second
secret-key Ks2 serving as a decryption key and the third secret-key Ks3 serving as an encryption/decryption key to the secondary user terminal 5 via the communication network 2.
In this system, the key control center 16 processes primary utilization requests and the copyright management center 17 processes secondary utilization requests.  While the data M supplied to a primary user is encrypted by the first secret-key
Ks1, the data M supplied to a secondary user is encrypted by the second secret-key Ks2.  Moreover, the first secret-key Ks1 and the second secret-key Ks2 are transferred to the primary user as crypt keys from the key control center 16.
Therefore, if the secondary user, instead of the primary user, falsely requests for primary utilization to the key control center 16, the first secret-key Ks1 for decryption and the second secret-key Ks2 for encryption/decryption are transferred
to the secondary user.  However, the secondary user cannot decrypt the encrypted data Cmks2 by using the first secret-key Ks1 transferred as a decryption key.
Therefore, it is impossible to falsely request for data utilization.  Thus, not only the original copyright of data but also the copyright of the primary user on the data is protected.
When storing, copying, or transferring of the data M, other than displaying and displaying for editing is performed in the secondary user terminal 5, the data M is encrypted using the third secret-key Ks3 by the copyright management program P and
It is free in principle that the secondary user displays and edits data to obtain the edited data M2.  In this case, it is possible to limit the repetitions of the operation by the copyright management program P.
When the data M is copied to the external recording medium 12 or transmitted via the communication network 2, the second secret-key Ks2 and the third secret-key Ks3 in the secondary user terminal 5 are disused by the copyright management program
P. Therefore, when reusing the data M, the secondary user requests for the utilization of the data to the copyright management center 17 to again obtain the third secret-key Ks3.
The fact that the secondary user receives a regrant of the third secret-key Ks3 represents secondary utilization of data in which the data M has been copied to the external recording medium 12 or transmitted to the tertiary user terminal 6 via
the communication network 2.  Therefore, this fact is entered in the copyright management center 17 and allows subsequent data use.
The data M is moved from the secondary user terminal 5 to the tertiary user terminal 6 by the external recording medium 12 or by the communication network 2.  When the data M is copied to the external recording medium 12 or transferred via the
communication network 2, it is encrypted by the third secret-key Ks3.
When the data M is copied to the external recording medium 12 or transmitted to the tertiary user terminal 6 via the communication network 2, the second secret-key Ks2 and the third secret-key Ks3 in the secondary user terminal 5 are disused.  In
this case, the uncrypted secondary user information Iu2 is added to the encrypted data Cmks3 stored in the secondary user terminal 5, and when the encrypted data Cmks3 is transferred to a tertiary user, the secondary user information Iu2 is also
In adding each user information to data, there are two cases: a case in which all information is added to data whenever it is copied or transmitted; and another in which the history updated whenever the data is copied or transmitted is stored in
the copyright management center.
A tertiary user who desires tertiary utilization of the encrypted data Cmks3 copied or transmitted from the secondary user must designate the original data name or number to the copyright management center 17 from a tertiary user terminal 6 via
the communication network 2, and also present the tertiary user information Iu3 to request for tertiary utilization of the data.  At this time, the tertiary user further presents the uncrypted secondary user information Iu2 added to the encrypted data
Cmks3 in order to clarify the relationship with the secondary user.
The copyright management center 17 confirms that the secondary user has received a regrant of the third secret-key Ks3 for preparation of tertiary-utilizing the data, in accordance with the presented secondary user information Iu2, and then
transfers the third secret-key Ks3 serving as a decryption key and fourth secret-key Ks4 serving as an encryption/decryption key to the tertiary user terminal 6 via the communication network 2.
In this system, the data M supplied to the primary user is encrypted by the first secret-key Ks1 and the data M supplied to the secondary user is encrypted by the second secret-key Ks2, and the data M supplied to the tertiary user is encrypted by
Therefore, if the tertiary user, instead of the primary user, falsely requests for primary utilization from the key control center 16, the first secret-key Ks1 for decryption and the second secret-key Ks2 for encryption/decryption are transferred
to the tertiary user.  However, it is impossible to decrypt the encrypted data Cmks3 by the first secret-key Ks1 transferred as a decryption key.  Moreover, if the tertiary user, instead of the secondary user, falsely requests for secondary utilization
to the copyright management center 17, the second secret-key Ks2 and the third secret-key Ks3 are transferred to the tertiary user as a decryption key and an encryption/decryption key respectively.  However, it is impossible to decrypt the encrypted data
Therefore, it is impossible to falsely request for data utilization.  As a result, not only the original copyright of the data, but also the copyrights of the primary and secondary users on the data are protected.  The same procedure is applied
to quaternary and subsequent utilization.
In the above described system, the database 1, key control center 16, and copyright management center 17 are separately arranged.  However, it is not always necessary to arrange them separately.  It is also possible to set all of or two of them
In FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b), signal process flow in a data editing method of digital video or digital audio is shown.  An edit flow generally processed is shown in 7(a).  An edit flow which can avoid deterioration of signals is shown in 7(b).
In the edit flow shown in 7(a), signals supplied as digital signals 61 are converted to analog signals (62).  The analog signals are then edited (63) while being displayed (64), and the edited analog signals are re-digitized (65) to be stored,
copied, and transferred (66).
In the edit flow shown in 7(b), digital signals 61 are converted to analog signals (62) to be displayed.  While the analog signals (62) are used in editing (63), the analog signals are used only for displaying (64) rather than for storing,
copying, transferring.
FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) illustrate flow examples when editing encrypted data to which a signal process in data editing method of digital video or digital audio shown in FIG. 7(a) and 7(b) is applied.  FIG. 8(a) shows a simplified signal processing
flow and FIG. 8(b) shows a signal processing flow which allows sufficient copyright management.
and the decrypted data M0 is then edited (73) while being displayed (74).  The data M1 completed editing is re-encrypted (75) using the second secret key Ks2:
In the data copyright management system which utilizes the data copyright management apparatus of the present invention, when data is decrypted for use when the obtained encrypted data are displayed/edited, data copyright is managed by encrypting
data when obtained or edited data is stored/copied/transferred.
However, the data copyright management unit 15 of the Japanese Patent Application No. 237673/1994 shown in FIG. 2 and the data copyright management unit 30 of the present invention described in FIG. 3 can perform only one process of decryption of
encrypted data or encryption of decrypted data.  When decrypted or edited data is stored/copied/transferred, therefore, it is necessary to store data in the
user terminal or RAM of the data copyright management apparatus to re-encrypt the stored data afterwards.  Thus, there is a possibility that decrypted or edited data might be lost due to accident or misoperation.  This also limits the volume of
data that can be processed.
With the exception of some high-class MPU, general MPU used in personal computers does not take into account the multiprocessor configuration which allows concurrent operation of plural microcomputers.  Therefore, plural operations can not be
performed at the same time, although accessory units are connected to the system bus of the personal computer.
Accordingly, to connect the data copyright management unit 15 shown in FIG. 2 or the data copyright management unit 30 shown in FIG. 3 to the system bus 22 of the user terminal 20 does not provides multiprocessor function that enables concurrent
operation of MPU 21 or 46 and CPU 16, and the processes of decryption of encrypted data and re-encryption of decrypted data are performed alternately, not concurrently.  Thus, a large amount of data can not be processed since the data to be encrypted and
decrypted is limited by the capacity of RAM.  Further, it is impossible to increase the processing speed, even if the amount of data is not large.
On the other hand, in the data copyright management system described as the Japanese patent application, encrypted data that is obtained is decrypted to use for displaying or editing, and when the obtained or edited data is stored, copied, or
transferred, it is re-encrypted to prevent unauthorized use of the data.  Therefore, it is desirable that the apparatus in the data copyright management system of the present invention perform not only decryption but also re-encryption of data at the
The PCI bus is a bus for external connection connected to a system bus of a personal computer via a PCI bridge.  The PCI bus allows implementation of a multiprocessor configuration.
FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of this invention, which is a configuration of data copyright management apparatus using a PCI bus and the same configuration of data copyright management unit 30 as shown in FIG. 3, that is, a computer
configuration having a CPU 16, a local bus 17 for the CPU 16, and ROM 18, RAM 19, and EEPROM 31 connected to the local bus 17.
In a user terminal 20, a PCI bus 81 is connected to a system bus 22 for a microprocessor 21 via a PCI bridge 82 and the local bus 17 for the CPU 16 of a data copyright management apparatus 80 is connected to the PCI bus 81.  Also connected to the
system bus 22 of the user terminal 20 are a communications device (COMM) 23 which receives data from external databases and transfers data to the external of the terminal, a CD-ROM drive (CDRD) 24 which reads data supplied on CD-ROM, a flexible disk
drive (FDD) 25 which copies received or edited data to supply to the external of terminal, and hard disk drive (HDD) 26 used for storing data.  COMM 23, CDRD 24, FDD 25, and HDD 26 may also be connected to the PCI bus 81.  While ROM, RAM etc., of course,
are connected to the system bus 22 of the user terminal, these are not shown in FIG. 9.
A decryption task is performed by the MPU 21 of the user terminal 20 and a re-encryption task is performed by the CPU 16 of the data copyright management apparatus 80 at the same time, and vice versa.  Since the configuration of the MPU21 and CPU
16 in this embodiment is a multiprocessor configuration which performs parallel processing with a PCI bus, high processing speed can be achieved.
Up to eight devices, including the personal computer itself to which the SCSI is attached, can be connected to the SCSI, and a plurality of computers may be included in the eight devices.  Each of these computers can play an equivalent role; in
other words, the SCSI functions not only as an interface but also as a multiprocessor bus.
Taking advantage of this function of the SCSI, yet another embodiment connects a data copyright management apparatus 85 to the system bus 22 of a user terminal 20 via SCSI 86 (hereinafter called the &quot;SCSI bus,&quot; for clear understanding) instead of
the PCI bus 81 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9.
In FIG. 10, the configuration of the data copyright management apparatus 85 is the same as the data copyright management apparatus shown in FIG. 3, that is, the apparatus has a CPU 16, a local bus 17 for the CPU 16, and ROM 18, RAM 19, and EEPROM
31 connected to the local bus 17.
On the other hand, an SCSI bus 86, which is controlled by an SCSI controller (SCSICONT) 87, is connected to a system bus 22 for a microprocessor 21 of a user terminal 20, and the local bus 17 for the CPU 16 of a data copyright management
apparatus 85 is connected to this SCSI bus 86.
Also connected to the system bus 22 of the user terminal 20 are a communications device (COMM) 23 which receives data from external databases and transfers data to the external of the terminal, a CD-ROM drive (CDRD) 24 which reads data supplied
on CD-ROM, a flexible disk drive (FDD) 25 which copies received or edited data to supply to the external of terminal, and hard disk drive (HDD) 26 used for storing data.  COMM 23, CDRD 24, FDD 25, and HDD 26 may also be connected to the SCSI bus 86.
While ROM, RAM etc., of course, are connected to the system bus 22 of the user terminal, these are not shown in FIG. 10.
A decryption task is performed by the MPU 21 of the user terminal 20 and a re-encryption task is performed by the CPU 16 of the data copyright management apparatus 85 at the same time, and vice versa.  Since the configuration of the MPU 21 and
CPU 16 in this embodiment is a multiprocessor configuration which performs parallel processing with an SISI bus 86, high processing speed can be achieved.
The above-mentioned multiprocessor configuration of the data copyright management apparatus 80 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and the data copyright management apparatus 85 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is implemented by connecting the
apparatus to the system bus 22 of the microprocessor 21 in the user terminal 20 via a PCI bus or a SCSI bus.
In such multiprocessor configuration, the MPU 21 of the user terminal 20 must also control the overall system.  For relatively slow-speed and small data such as text data and graphic data, data copyright management with encryption and
re-encryption can be performed by the multiprocessor configuration using the MPU 21 and CPU 16,.  For JPEG-still-picture-based moving picture data and MPEG1 or MPEG2-based moving picture data, however, data copyright management by such configuration is
considerably difficult to perform because a large amount of data must be processed quickly.
The configuration of the second data copyright management apparatus 90 is the same as that of the first data copyright management apparatus 80; that is, the apparatus comprises a CPU 91, a local bus 94 for the CPU 91, and ROM 92, RAM 93, and
EEPROM 95 connected to the local bus 94.
Fixed information, such as software for utilizing databases and user data, are stored in the ROM 18 of the first data copyright management apparatus 80 decrypting encrypted data.  A first crypt-key for decryption and data copyright management
system program supplied by a key control center or copyright management center are stored in the RAM 19.
Similarly, fixed information, such as software for utilizing databases and user data, are stored in the ROM 92 of the second data copyright management apparatus 90 re-encrypting decrypted data, and a second crypt-key and data copyright management
system program supplied by a key control center or copyright management center are stored in the RAM 93.
In the Japanese Patent Application No. 2376737/1994 shown in FIG. 2 and in the embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIG. 3, the communications device (COMM) 23, to which encrypted data is supplied, and the CD-ROM drive
(CDRD) 24 are connected to the system bus of the user terminal 20.  To decrypt encrypted data, therefore, the encrypted data must be transmitted by way of the system bus of the user terminal 20 and the local bus of the data copyright management
apparatus, and consequently, the processing speed can be slowed.  This is true for a configuration in which those attached devices are connected to a PCI bus or SCSI bus.
In another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 12, a communications device 23 to which encrypted data is supplied and a CD-ROM drive 24 are connected to a local bus 17 of a data copyright management apparatus 97 for decryption, to
prevent processing speed from being slowed.
The data copyright management apparatus 97 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is a data copyright management apparatus for decryption and its configuration is essentially the same as that of the data copyright management apparatus 30 of the
embodiment shown in FIG. 3; that is, the computer system has a CPU 16, a local bus 17 for CPU 16, and ROM 18, RAM 19 and EEPROM 31 connected to the local bus 17, and a communication device COMM 23 and a CD-ROM drive CDRD 24 are connected to the local bus
Copyright information is stored in the EEPROM 31.  If the copyright management program and cryptography program are supplied externally, such as from databases, those programs are stored in the EEPROM 31, rather than in the ROM 18.
In the Japanese Patent Application No. 237673/1994 application shown in FIG. 2 and the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3, the storage medium, such as HDD 26, for storing re-encrypted data, are connected to the system bus 22 of the
user terminal 20.  To store re-encrypted data, therefore, the encrypted data must be transmitted by way of the system bus 22 of the user terminal 20 and the local bus 17 of the data copyright management unit 15 or data copyright management unit 30, and
consequently, processing speed can be slowed.  This is true for a configuration in which those attached devices are connected to a PCI bus or SCSI bus.
In the data copyright management apparatus 100 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, in addition to the communications device COMM 23 and the CD-ROM drive CDRD 24 connected to the local bus 17 in the data copyright management apparatus 97 for
decryption in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, storage devices such as HDD 26 for storing re-encrypted data are connected to the local bus 94 of the data copyright management apparatus 101 for re-encryption.
The configuration of the data copyright management apparatus 101 for re-encryption in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 is essentially the same as that of the data copyright management unit 30 shown in FIG. 3; that is, the computer system has a CPU
91, a local bus 94 for the CPU 91, and ROM 92, RAM 93 and EEPROM 95 connected to the local bus 94, and HDD 26 is connected to the local bus 94.
Copyright information is stored in the EEPROM 95.  If the copyright management program and cryptography program are supplied from the external such as databases, those programs are stored in the EEPROM 95 rather than the ROM 92.  A crypt-key for
re-encryption and a data copyright management system program supplied from a key control center or copyright management center are stored in the RAM 93.  Data re-encrypted by the copyright management apparatus 101 for re-encryption is stored in HDD 26.
A typical user terminal which utilizes copyrighted data is a computer apparatus such as a personal computer.  Other apparatus which utilize such data are receivers such as television sets, set-top boxes used with those receivers, digital
recording apparatus such as digital video tape recorders, digital video disk recorders, digital audio tapes (DAT) which store digital data, and personal digital assistants (PDA).
The data copyright management apparatus shown in FIG. 2 which is configured as an expansion board, IC card, or PC card and described in the patent application No. 237673/1994 or the data copyright management apparatus shown in FIG. 3 may be used
by attaching it to a user terminal which is a computer, receiver, set-top box, digital recording medium, or PDA.  However, it is desirable that a data copyright management apparatus is factory-installed in the user terminal to eliminate labor and
possible failure arising from the attachment of the apparatus.
To accomplish this, in each embodiment of the present invention, a data copyright management apparatus is implemented in the form of a monolithic IC, hybrid IC, or built-in subboard and is incorporated in a user terminal such as computer
apparatus or personal computers, or receivers such as television sets, set-top boxes used with those receivers, digital recording medium such as digital video tape recorders, digital video disk recorders, and digital audio tape (DAT) which store digital
signals, or personal digital assistants (PDA).
terminal device for input/output is used to make
a payment.  The digital cash system which uses this IC card as an electronic cash-box can be used at any place such as shops or the like as long as the input/output terminal is installed.  However, the system cannot be used at places such as
homes or the like where no input/output terminal is installed.
Since the digital cash is encrypted data, any device can be used as the electronic cash-box which stores digital cash data, in addition to the IC card, as long as the device can store encrypted data and transmit the data to the party to which the
payment is made.  As a terminal which can be specifically used as the electronic cash-box, there are personal computers, intelligent television sets, portable telephone sets such as a personal information terminal, personal handy phone system (PHS),
intelligent telephone sets, and PC cards or the like which have an input/output function.
Trades in which such terminals are used as an electronic cash-box for a digital cash can be actualized by replacing, in the configuration of the data copyright management system, the database with a customer&#39;s bank, a first user terminal with a
customer, the secondary user terminal with a retailer, the copyright control center with a retailer&#39;s bank, and a tertiary user terminal with a wholesaler or a maker.
The example uses the configuration of the data copyright management system shown in FIG. 1.  In FIG. 14, reference numeral 111 represents a customer, reference numeral 112 a bank of the customer 111, reference numeral 113 a retail shop, reference
numeral 114 a bank of the retail shop 113, reference numeral 115 a maker, reference numeral 116 a bank of the maker 115, reference numeral 2 a communication network such as a public line provided by a communication enterprise or CATV line provided by a
cable television enterprise.  Customer 111, the customer&#39;s bank 112, the retail shop 113, the retail shop&#39;s bank 114, the maker 115, the maker&#39;s bank 116 can be mutually connected with the communication network 2.  In this system, the customer 111 can
use a credit company offering cashing service other than banks and he can also interpose an appropriate number of wholesalers between the retail shop and the maker.
In addition, reference numerals 117 and 118 are either IC cards or PC cards in which digital cash data is stored.  The cards are used when the communication network is not used.
Incidentally, in FIG. 14, the broken line represents a path of encrypted digital cash data, the solid line represents a path of requests from the customer, the retail shop or the maker, and the one-dot chain line represents a path of the
secret-key from each bank.
In this example, first secret-key prepared by the customer&#39;s bank 112, the second secret-key generated by the customer, the third secret-key generated by the retail shop, and the fourth secret-key prepared by the maker are used as crypt keys.
Further, while the customer&#39;s bank 112, the retail shop&#39;s bank 114, and the maker&#39;s bank 116 are explained as separate entities, these can be considered as a financial system as a whole.
Digital cash management program P for encrypting and decrypting the digital cash data is preliminarily distributed to the customer 111 and is stored in the user terminal.  Further, it is possible to transfer the digital cash management program P
together with data every time a trade with the bank is executed.  Further, it is desirable to install the common digital cash management program P in all banks.
The customer 111 uses the user terminal to designate the amount of money via the communication network 2 to request drawing out from the account of the customer&#39;s bank 112 to the bank.  At this time, the terminal presents customer information Ic
of the customer 111.
The customer&#39;s bank 112 which receives the customer&#39;s request of drawing out from the account selects or generates the first secret-key Ks1 so that the digital cash data M0 of the amount is encrypted by the first secret-key Ks1:
In this case, the first secret-key Ks1 can be selected from what is preliminarily prepared by the customer&#39;s bank 112, and also may be generated by presentation of the customer information Ic at the time of drawing by the customer using the
digital cash management program P on the basis of the customer information Ic:
Through this means, the first secret-key Ks1 can be private for the customer 111.  At the same time, it is not necessary to transfer the first secret-key Ks1 to the customer 111 so that the security of the system can be heightened.
Further, the first secret-key Ks1 can be generated on the basis of the bank information Ibs of the customer&#39;s bank 112 or on the basis of the bank information Ibs and the key generation data.
The customer 111 to which the encrypted digital cash data Cm0ks1 and the first secret-key Ks1 are transferred generates second secret-key Ks2 according to any one or both of the customer information Ic and the first secret-key Ks1 using the
digital cash management program P, for example:
and the content is confirmed.  When the decrypted digital cash data M0 whose content is confirmed is stored in the user terminal as a cash-box, it is encrypted by the generated second secret-key Ks2 using the digital cash management program P:
and then payment is made by transmitting the encrypted digital cash data Cm1ks2 to the user terminal as a cash-box of retail shop 113 via communication network 2.  At this time, the customer information Ic is also transmitted to the user terminal
of retail shop 113.
The retail shop 113 to which the encrypted digital cash data Cm1ks2 and the customer information Ic are transferred stores the transferred encrypted digital cash data Cm1ks2 and customer information Ic in the user terminal, and presents the
customer information Ic to the retail shop&#39;s bank 114 via the communication network 2 for confirming the content to request the transmission of the second secret-key Ks2 for decryption.
The retail shop&#39;s bank 114 which is requested by the retail shop 113 to transmit the second secret-key Ks2 transmits the request of the transmission of the second secret-key Ks2 and the customer information Ic to the customer&#39;s bank 112.
The customer&#39;s bank 112 which is requested to transmit the second secret-key Ks2 from the retail shop&#39;s bank 114 generates the second secret-key Ks2 according to the customer information Ic by the digital cash management program P in the case
where the second secret-key Ks2 is based only on the customer information Ic, or generates the second secret-key Ks2 according to the customer information Ic and the first secret-key Ks1 by the digital cash management program P in the case where the
second secret-key Ks2 is based on the customer information Ic and the first secret-key Ks1, and transmits the generated second secret-key Ks2 to the retail shop&#39;s bank 114.
The retail shop&#39;s bank 114 to which the second secret-key Ks2 is transmitted from the customer&#39;s bank 112 transmits the second secret-key Ks2 to the retail shop 113 via the communication network 2.
Incidentally, in this case, the retail shop 111 can directly request the transfer of the second secret-key Ks2 to the customer&#39;s bank 112 instead of the retail shop&#39;s bank 114.
In case where the digital cash received by the retail shop 113 is deposited in the account of the retail shop&#39;s bank 114, the customer information Ic is transferred to the retail shop&#39;s bank 114 together with the encrypted digital cash data
Cm1ks2 via the communication network 2.
The retail shop&#39;s bank 114 to which the encrypted digital cash data Cm1ks2 and the customer information Ic are transferred requests the transfer of the second secret-key Ks2 to the customer&#39;s bank 112 by transmitting the customer information Ic.
The customer&#39;s bank 112, which is requested to transfer the second secret-key Ks2 from the retail shop&#39;s bank 114, generates the second secret-key Ks2 according to the customer&#39;s information Ic by the digital cash management program P when the
second secret-key Ks2 is based only on the customer&#39;s information Ic, or generates the second secret-key Ks2 according to the customer&#39;s information Ic and the first secret-key Ks1 by the digital cash management program P when the second secret-key Ks2
is based on the customer&#39;s information Ic and the first secret-key Ks1, then the generated second secret-key Ks2 is transferred to the retail shop&#39;s bank 114.
The retail shop&#39;s bank 114, to which the second secret-key Ks2 is transferred from the customer&#39;s bank 112, decrypts the encrypted digital cash data Cm1ks2 by the second secret-key Ks2 using the digital cash management program P:
and the decrypted digital cash data M1 is deposited in the bank account of the retail shop&#39;s bank 114.
In the general trade system, the retail shop 113 stocks products from the maker 115 or from the wholesaler which intervenes between the retail shop 113 and the maker 115.  Then the retail shop 113 sells the products to the customer 111.
Consequently, a trading form is present between the customer 111 and the retail shop 113 just as between the retail shop 113 and the maker 115.
The handling of the digital cash between the retail shop 113 and the maker 115 is not basically different from the handling of the digital cash which is carried out between the customer 111 and the retail shop 113.  Therefore, the explanation
there will be omitted for the sake of clarity.
In this digital cash system, the digital cash is handled through banks.  As information such as the processed amount of the digital cash, date, and the secret-key demanding party information with respect to the handling of the digital cash is
stored in the customer&#39;s bank, the residual amount of digital cash and usage history, can be grasped.
Even in the case where the user terminal (which is an electronic cash-box storing the digital cash data) cannot be used owing to the loss or the breakage, it is possible to reissue the digital cash on the basis of the residual amount, and usage
history kept in the customer&#39;s bank.
In this example, digital cash is added by the customer&#39;s information which may be accompanied by digital signature.  Therefore, the digital cash in the example can also have a function of a settlement system for checques drawn by customers.
In a video conference system, a television picture has been added to the conventional voice telephone set.  Recently, the video conference system has advanced to the point where a computer system is incorporated into the video conference system
so that the quality of the voice and the picture are improved, and data on computer can be handled at the same time as the voice and the picture.
However, since the conference content obtained by the participants themselves are decrypted, in the case where participants themselves store the content of the conference and sometimes edit the content, and further, use for secondary usage such
as distribution to the persons other than the participants of the conference, the privacy -of other participants of the video conference and data security remains unprotected.
In particular, advancements in the compression technology of the transmission data and increases in the volume of the data storage medium means, it will be possible to copy all of the content of the video conference to the data storage medium, or
to transmit it via a network.
In view of the circumstances, the example is intended, when video conference participants perform secondary use, to secure the privacy of other participants and data security by using the aforementioned configuration of the data copyright
This video conference data management system can be actualized, for example, by replacing the database in the data copyright management system configuration shown in FIG. 1 with a participant of the video conference, the first user terminal with
another participant of the video conference, and the second user terminal with a non-participant of the video conference.
An example will be explained by using FIG. 15.  Referring to FIG. 15, reference numeral 121 represents a participant as a host of the video conference, reference numeral 122 a participant of the video conference as a guest, reference numeral 123
a non-participant of the video conference as a user, reference numeral 124 a non-participant of the video conference as another user, reference numeral 2 a communication network such as a public telephone line provided by the communication enterprise and
a CA television line provided by the cable television enterprise or the like.  The participant 121 of the video conference is connected to the participant 122 of the video conference via the communication network 2.  Further, the participant 122 of the
video conference can be connected to the non-participant 123 of the video conference, and the non-participant 123 of the video conference to the non-participant 124 of the video conference, via the communication network 2.  Reference numerals 125 and 126
represent a data recording medium.
Referring to FIG. 15, the broken line represents a path of the encrypted video conference content, the solid line represents a path requesting the crypt key from the non-participants of the video conference 123 and 124 to the participant of the
television conference 121, and the one-dot chain line represents a path of crypt keys from the participant of the video conference 121 to the participant of the video conference 122 and the non-participants of the video conference 123 and 124.
In this example, a video conference data management system is described
here protecting only the data security and privacy of video conference participant 121 to simplify the explanation.  It is of course also possible to protect for data security and privacy of video conference participant 122.
A video conference data management program P for encryption/decryption of the video conference data of the participant 121 including audio and picture is previously distributed to the video conference participant 122 and the video conference
non-participants 123 and 124, and is stored in each terminal.  This video conference data management program P may be transferred whenever a crypt-key is transferred.
In this example, further, a first secret-key prepared by the video conference participant 121, a second secret-key prepared by the video conference participant 122, a third secret-key prepared by the video conference non-participant 123 and
subsequent secret-keys prepared similarly are used as a crypt key.
The video conference participant 121 and the video conference participant 122 perform the video conference by transmitting audio, picture and data (referred to as video conference data on the whole) to each other, using each terminal via
communication network 2.  Prior to the video conference, the video conference participant 121 generates or selects the first secret-key Ks1 to transfer to the video conference participant 122 prior to the start of the video conference.
In the case where the decrypted video conference data M0 is stored in the terminal of the participant 122 of the video conference, copied to the data record medium 125, or transferred to the non-participant of the video conference via the
communication network 2, the data M is encrypted by the second secret-key Ks2 using the video conference data management program P :
The non-participant of the video conference 123 who obtains the encrypted data Cmks2 requests to the participant 121 for the secondary use of the video conference data M from the terminal by specifying the name or number of the video conference
The participant 121 of the video conference who receives the request for the secondary use of the data M finds out the first secret-key Ks1 according to the number of the video conference data to generate the second secret-key Ks2 based on the
first secret-key Ks1:
In the case where the video conference data M is stored in the terminal of the non-participant of the video conference 123, copied to the record medium 126, or transmitted to the non-participant of the video conference 124, the video conference
data M is encrypted by the second secret-key Ks2 using the video conference data management program P:
"Apparatus For Data Copyright Management System - Patent 6128605"
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