Source: https://regulations.justia.com/regulations/fedreg/2014/12/31/2014-30573.html
Timestamp: 2020-02-16 20:05:25
Document Index: 750827060

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 52', 'arts 52', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 58', 'art 58', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'arts 86', 'art 58', 'art 51', 'art 81', 'art 52', 'art 81', '§ 52', 'ART 81', 'art 81', 'arts 52', 'ART 52', '§ 81', 'art 52', 'art 63', 'art 79', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art\n50', 'art 58', 'art 58', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'arts 86', 'art 58', 'art 51', 'art 81', 'arts 52']

Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Attainment Redesignation for Missouri Portion of the St. Louis MO-IL Area; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard and Associated Maintenance Plan, 78755-78768 [2014-30573] :: Environmental Protection Agency :: Regulation Tracker :: Justia
Justia Regulation Tracker Environmental Protection Agency Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Attainment Redesignation for Missouri Portion of the St. Louis MO-IL Area; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard and Associated Maintenance Plan, 78755-78768 [2014-30573]
Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Attainment Redesignation for Missouri Portion of the St. Louis MO-IL Area; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard and Associated Maintenance Plan, 78755-78768 [2014-30573]
Download as PDF Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law.’’ List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Dated: December 16, 2014. Ron Curry, Regional Administrator, Region 6. [FR Doc. 2014–30717 Filed 12–30–14; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Parts 52 and 81 [EPA–R07–OAR–2014–0900; FRL–9921–23– Region 7] Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Attainment Redesignation for Missouri Portion of the St. Louis MO-IL Area; 1997 8-Hour Ozone Standard and Associated Maintenance Plan Environmental Protection Agency. ACTION: Proposed rule. AGENCY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve the State of Missouri’s request to redesignate the Missouri portion of the St. Louis MO-IL nonattainment area, the ‘‘St. Louis area’’ or ‘‘area’’ to attainment for the 1997 8-hour National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or Standard) for ozone (O3). The Missouri counties comprising the St. Louis area are Franklin, Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis along with the City of St. Louis. In addition to the redesignation request, EPA is proposing to approve a State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan for the O3 standard for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area. In a separate action published in the Federal Register on June 12, 2012, EPA has taken final action to address the Illinois portion of the St. Louis area. DATES: Comments must be received on or before January 30, 2015. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R07– OAR–2014–0900, by one of the following methods: tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS SUMMARY: VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 1. www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. 2. Email: kemp.lachala@epa.gov. 3. Mail or Hand Delivery or Courier: Ms. Lachala Kemp, Environmental Protection Agency, Air Planning and Development Branch, Air and Waste Management Division, 11201 Renner Boulevard, Lenexa, Kansas 66219. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA–R07–OAR–2014– 0900. EPA’s policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at http:// www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit through http:// www.regulations.gov or email information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected. The http:// www.regulations.gov Web site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment directly to EPA without going through http:// www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and should be free of any defects or viruses. Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the http:// www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically at http:// www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Environmental Protection Agency, Air Planning and Development Branch, 11201 Renner Boulevard, Lenexa, Kansas 66219. EPA requests that you contact the person listed in the FOR PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 78755 section to schedule your inspection. The interested persons wanting to examine these documents should make an appointment with the office at least 24 hours in advance. FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT Ms. Lachala Kemp, Environmental Protection Agency, Air Planning and Development Branch, 11201 Renner Boulevard, Lenexa, KS 66219 at (913) 551–7214 or by email at kemp.lachala@epa.gov. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we refer to EPA. This section provides additional information by addressing the following: Table of Contents I. What action is EPA proposing to take? II. What is the background for EPA’s proposed actions? III. What are the criteria for redesignation to attainment? IV. What is EPA’s analysis of the state’s request? V. Summary of Proposed Actions VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. What action is EPA proposing to take? EPA is proposing to approve actions related to Missouri’s request to redesignate the St. Louis area to attainment for the 1997 8-hour ozone standard. Missouri submitted the first request on November 3, 2011, and then supplemented and revised their request on April 29, 2014. In this notice, when EPA refers to Missouri’s redesignation request, we are referring to both the 2011 and 2014 submissions together unless otherwise specified. Today’s proposed actions are summarized as follows and described in greater detail throughout this notice of proposed rulemaking. EPA proposes to approve the redesignation request for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, and also proposes to approve under section 175A of the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act), Missouri’s 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS maintenance plan. First, EPA proposes to determine that the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area has met the requirements for redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. In this action, EPA is proposing to approve a request to change the legal designation of Franklin, Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis from nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78756 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Second, EPA is proposing to approve Missouri’s 1997 8-hour ozone (O3) NAAQS maintenance plan for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area as meeting the requirements of CAA section 175A (such approval being one of the CAA criteria for redesignation to attainment status). The maintenance plan is designed to keep the St. Louis area in attainment of the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS through 2025. II. What is the background for EPA’s proposed actions? Ground-level ozone is generally not emitted directly by sources. Rather, directly-emitted oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) react in the presence of sunlight to form ground-level ozone, as a secondary pollutant, along with other secondary compounds. NOX and VOC are referred to as precursors of ozone. Reduction of peak ground-level ozone concentrations is typically achieved through controlling of VOC and NOX emissions. On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a revised 8-hour ozone NAAQS of 0.08 parts per million (ppm) (62 FR 38856). Upon promulgation of a new or revised NAAQS, the CAA requires EPA to designate as nonattainment any area that is violating the NAAQS, based on the three most recent years of ambient air quality data at the conclusion of the designation process. On April 30, 2004, EPA published a final rule designating and classifying areas under the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. (69 FR 23857). These designations became effective on June 15, 2004. EPA designated as nonattainment any area that was violating the 8-hour ozone NAAQS based on the three most recent years of air quality data, 2001–2003. The CAA contains two sets of provisions, subpart 1 and subpart 2, that address planning and control requirements for nonattainment areas. (Both are found in title I, part D, of the CAA; 42 U.S.C. 7501–7509a and 7511– 7511f, respectively.) Subpart 1 contains general requirements for nonattainment areas for any pollutant, including ozone, governed by a NAAQS. Subpart 2 provides more specific requirements for ozone nonattainment areas. Under EPA’s implementation rule for the 1997 8-hour ozone standard, (69 FR 23951, April 30, 2004), an area was classified under subpart 2 based on its 8-hour ozone design value (i.e. the three-year average annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration), if it had a 1-hour design value at the time of designation at or above 0.121 ppm (the lowest 1-hour design value in Table 1 of subpart 2) (69 VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 FR 23954). All other areas were covered under subpart 1, based upon their 8hour design values (69 FR 23958). The St. Louis area was designated as a subpart 2, 8-hour ozone moderate nonattainment area by EPA on April 30, 2004 (69 FR 23857, 23898, and 23915), based on air quality monitoring data from 2001–2003 (69 FR 23860). 40 CFR 50.10 and 40 CFR part 50, appendix I provide that the 8-hour ozone standard is attained when the three-year average of the annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm, when rounded. The data completeness requirement is met when the average percent of days with valid ambient monitoring data is greater than ninety percent, and no single year has less than seventy five percent data completeness. See 40 CFR part 50, appendix I, 2.3(d). In this proposed redesignation, EPA takes into account a number of decisions and orders of the D.C. Circuit and Supreme Court of the United States regarding the status of EPA’s Cross State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR) that impact this proposed redesignation action. The effect of those court actions on this rulemaking are discussed in detail in Section IV of this notice. III. What are the criteria for redesignation to attainment? The CAA provides the requirements for redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment. Specifically, section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA allows for redesignation provided the following criteria are met: (1) The Administrator determines that the area has attained the applicable NAAQS, (2) the Administrator has fully approved the applicable implementation plan for the area under section 110(k), (3) the Administrator determines that the improvement in air quality is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the applicable SIP and applicable Federal air pollutant control regulations and other permanent and enforceable reductions, (4) the Administrator has fully approved a maintenance plan for the area as meeting the requirements of section 175A, and (5) the state containing such area has met all requirements applicable to the area under section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA. IV. What is EPA’s analysis of the state’s request? As stated above, in accordance with the CAA, EPA proposes in today’s action: (1) To redesignate the Missouri portion of the St. Louis to attainment for PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS; and (2) to approve the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area’s 1997 8-hour O3 maintenance plan. These actions are based upon EPA’s determination that the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area continues to attain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS and that all other redesignation criteria have been met for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area. The five redesignation criteria provided under CAA section 107(d)(3)(E) are discussed in greater detail for the area in the following paragraphs of this section. Criteria (1)—The St. Louis Area Has Attained the 1997 8-Hour O3 NAAQS For redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment, the CAA requires EPA to determine that the area has attained the applicable NAAQS (CAA section 107(d)(3)(E)(i)). EPA is proposing to determine that the St. Louis area is attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. For O3, an area may be considered to be attaining the 1997 8-hour ozone if it meets the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, as determined in accordance with 40 CFR 50.10 and appendix I of part 50, based on three complete, consecutive calendar years of quality-assured air quality monitoring data. To attain this NAAQS, the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm. Based on the rounding convention described in 40 CFR part 50, appendix I, the standard is attained if the design value 1 is 0.084 ppm or below. The relevant data must be collected and quality-assured in accordance with 40 CFR part 58 and recorded in the EPA Air Quality System (AQS) database. The monitors generally should have remained at the same location for the duration of the monitoring period required for demonstrating attainment. On June 9, 2011, EPA determined that the St. Louis area was attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS (76 FR 33647). In that action, EPA reviewed O3 monitoring data from monitoring stations in the area for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS for 2008–2010. These data have been quality-assured and are recorded in AQS. On April 30, 2012, at 77 FR 25363, EPA also finalized a determination that the St. Louis area attained the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS by the applicable attainment date of June 15, 2010. In addition, EPA has reviewed more recent data, which indicates that 1 The design value is the highest three-year average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average for all monitors within the area. E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78757 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules the St. Louis area is currently attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. The most recent year available with complete, quality-assured and certified ambient air monitoring is 2013, during which the the years 2010, 2011, and 2013 for the St. Louis area are below the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. area recorded a three year average O3 concentration of 0.082 ppm. As summarized in Table 1 below, the 3year average of annual arithmetic mean concentrations (i.e., design values) for TABLE 1—DESIGN VALUE CONCENTRATIONS FOR THE MISSOURI PORTION OF THE ST. LOUIS AREA FOR THE 1997 8HOUR O3 NAAQS Annual O3 3-year design values (ppm) State County Monitor AQS site ID 2008–2010 Missouri .. Missouri .. Jefferson .......................... St. Charles ....................... Missouri .. St. Louis ........................... Missouri .. St. Louis City .................... Arnold ............................... Orchard Farm ................... West Alton ........................ Maryland Heights ............. Pacific ............................... Blair Street ....................... tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS As discussed above, the design value for an area is the 3-year average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration recorded at any monitor in the area for a 3-year period. Therefore, the 3-year design value for the period on which Missouri based its redesignation request (2008– 2010) for the St. Louis area is 0.077 ppm, which meets the NAAQS as described above. Additional details can be found in EPA’s final clean data determination for the St. Louis area (76 FR 33647, June 9, 2011). EPA has reviewed the most recent data available, which indicate that the St. Louis area is currently attaining the 1997 O3 NAAQS beyond the submitted 3-year attainment period of 2008–2010.2 The certified 3year design value for 2011–2013 is 0.082 ppm.3 As discussed in more detail below, MDNR has committed to continue monitoring in this area in accordance with 40 CFR part 58. EPA proposes to determine that the data submitted by Missouri, as well as the data taken from AQS, and additional EPA analysis indicate that the St. Louis area is attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. Criteria (2)—The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area Has a Fully Approved SIP Under Section 110(k) and Criteria (5)— the Area Has Met All Applicable Requirements Under Section 110 and Part D EPA has determined that Missouri has met all currently applicable SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area under section 110 of 2 The 3 year design value for the 2010–2012 period for the St. Louis area recorded a violation at 0.086 ppm, but the area has since come into attainment. 3 Under EPA’s rounding convention described above, the standard is attained if the design value is 0.084 ppm or below. VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 29–099–0019 29–183–1004 29–183–1002 29–189–0014 29–189–0005 29–510–0085 2009–2011 2010–2012 2011–2013 0.072 0.074 0.077 0.071 0.065 0.069 0.074 0.075 0.079 0.075 0.067 0.071 0.079 0.080 0.086 0.082 0.07 0.079 0.076 0.078 0.082 0.080 0.074 0.077 the CAA (general SIP requirements). Additionally, EPA has also determined that the Missouri SIP meets all SIP requirements currently applicable for purposes of redesignation under part D of title I of the CAA (requirements specific to moderate nonattainment areas), in accordance with CAA section 107(d)(3)(E)(v). In addition, EPA has determined that the Missouri SIP has been fully approved with respect to all requirements applicable for purposes of redesignation in accordance with CAA section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii). In proposing these determinations, EPA ascertained which requirements are applicable to the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area and, if applicable, that they are fully approved under section 110(k) of the CAA. See sections IV. a and b below. a. The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area Has Met All Applicable Requirements for Purposes of Redesignation Under Section 110 and Part D of the CAA General SIP Requirements. Section 110(a)(2) of title I of the CAA delineates the general requirements for a SIP, which include enforceable emissions limitations and other control measures, means, or techniques; provisions for the establishment and operation of appropriate devices necessary to collect data on ambient air quality; and programs to enforce the limitations. General SIP elements and requirements are delineated in section 110(a)(2) of title I, part A of the CAA. These requirements include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) Submittal of a SIP that has been adopted by the state after reasonable public notice and hearing; (2) provisions for establishment and operation of appropriate procedures needed to monitor ambient air quality; (3) implementation of a source permit program; provisions for the PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 implementation of part C requirements (Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD)); (4) provisions for the implementation of part D requirements (Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR) permit programs); (5) provisions for air pollution modeling; and (6) provisions for public and local agency participation in planning and emission control rule development. Section 110(a)(2)(D) requires that SIPs contain certain measures to prevent sources in a state from significantly contributing to air quality problems in another state. The section 110(a)(2)(D) requirements are not linked with a particular nonattainment area’s designation and classification in that state. The transport SIP submittal requirements, where applicable, continue to apply to a state regardless of the designation of any one particular area in the state. Thus, EPA does not believe that the CAA’s interstate transport requirements should be construed to be applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation. In addition, EPA believes other section 110 elements that are neither connected with nonattainment plan submissions nor linked with an area’s attainment status are not applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation. The Missouri portion of the area will still be subject to these requirements after the area is redesignated. The section 110 and part D requirements which are linked with a particular area’s designation and classification are the relevant measures to evaluate in reviewing a redesignation request. This approach is consistent with EPA’s existing policy on applicability of conformity (i.e., for redesignations) and oxygenated fuels requirements, as well as with section 184 ozone transport requirements. See Reading, Pennsylvania, proposed and E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS 78758 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules final rulemakings (61 FR 53174–53176, October 10, 1996), (62 FR 24826, May 7, 1997); Cleveland-Akron-Loraine, Ohio, final rulemaking (61 FR 20458, May 7, 1996); and Tampa, Florida, final rulemaking at (60 FR 62748, December 7, 1995). See also the discussion on this issue in the Cincinnati, Ohio, redesignation (65 FR 37890, June 19, 2000), and in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, redesignation (66 FR 50399, October 19, 2001). Part D Requirements. EPA has determined that Missouri has met all currently applicable SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area under part D of the CAA. Subpart 1 of part D, found in sections 171–179 of the CAA, sets forth the basic nonattainment requirements applicable to all nonattainment areas. Subpart 2 of part D, which includes section 182 of the CAA, establishes additional specific requirements depending on the area’s nonattainment classification. The St. Louis area was classified as a moderate nonattainment area under subpart 2, therefore the state must meet the applicable requirements of both subpart 1 and subpart 2 of part D. The applicable subpart 1 requirements are contained in sections 172(c)(1)–(9) and in section 176. The applicable subpart 2 requirements are contained in sections 182(a) and (b) (marginal and moderate nonattainment area requirements). For purposes of evaluating this redesignation request, the applicable part D, subpart 1 SIP requirements for all nonattainment areas are contained in sections 172(c)(1)–(9) and in section 176. A thorough discussion of the requirements contained in section 172 can be found in the General Preamble for Implementation of title I (57 FR 13498, April 16, 1992). Subpart 1 Section 172 Requirements: Section 172(c)(1) requires the plans for all nonattainment areas to provide for the implementation of all reasonably available control measures(RACM) as expeditiously as practicable and to provide for the attainment of the national ambient air quality standards. EPA interprets this requirement to impose a duty on all nonattainment areas to consider all available control measures and to adopt and implement such measures as are reasonably available for implementation in each area as components of the area’s attainment demonstration. Under Section 172, states with nonattainment areas must submit plans providing for timely attainment and meeting a variety of other requirements. Section 182 of the CAA, found in subpart 2 of part D, establishes additional specific VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 requirements depending on the areas ozone nonattainment classification. For purposes of evaluating this redesignation request, the applicable part D, subpart 2 SIP requirements for all moderate nonattainment areas are contained in section 182 (b)(1) through (5). EPA’s longstanding interpretation of the nonattainment planning requirements of section 172 is that once an area is attaining the NAAQS, those requirements are not ‘‘applicable’’ for purposes of CAA section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii) and therefore need not be approved into the SIP before EPA can redesignate the area. In the 1992 General Preamble for Implementation of Title I, EPA set forth its interpretation of applicable requirements for purposes of evaluating redesignation requests when an area is attaining a standard. See 57 FR 13498, 13564 (April 16, 1992). EPA noted that the requirements for reasonable further progress and other measures designed to provide for attainment do not apply in evaluating redesignation requests because those nonattainment planning requirements ‘‘have no meaning’’ for an area that has already attained the standard. Id. This interpretation was also set forth in the Calcagni Memorandum (September 4, 1992).4 EPA’s understanding of section 172 also forms the basis of its Clean Data Policy, which was articulated with regard to ozone in 40 CFR 51.918, and suspends a state’s obligation to submit most of the attainment planning requirements that would otherwise apply, including an attainment demonstration and planning SIPs to provide for reasonable further progress (RFP), RACM, and contingency measures under section 172(c)(9). Courts have upheld EPA’s interpretation of section 172(c)(1)’s ‘‘reasonably available’’ control measures and control technology as meaning only those controls that advance attainment, which precludes the need to require additional measures where an area is already attaining. NRDC v. EPA, 571 F.3d 1245, 1252 (D.C. Cir. 2009); Sierra Club v. EPA, 294 F.3d 155, 162 (D.C. Cir. 2002); Sierra Club v. EPA, 314 F.3d 735, 744 (5th Cir. 2002). 4 John Calcagni, Director Air Quality Management Division (MD–15), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. ‘‘Procedures for Processing Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment’’ Memorandum to EPA Director, Air, Pesticides, and Toxics Management Division, Regions I and IV, Director, Air and Waste Management Division, Region II, Director, Air, Radiation and Toxics Division, Region III, Director, Air and Radiation Division, Region V, Director, Air, Pesticides, and Toxics Division, Director, Air, and Toxics Division, Regions VII, VIII, IX, and X, September 4, 1992, (Calcagni Memorandum). PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 Therefore, because attainment has been determined in the St. Louis Area, no additional measures are needed to provide for attainment, and section 172(c)(1) requirements for an attainment demonstration and RACM are no longer considered to be applicable for purposes of redesignation as long as the Area continues to attain the standard until redesignation. The section 172(c)(2) requirement that nonattainment plans contain provisions promoting reasonable further progress toward attainment is also not relevant for purposes of redesignation because EPA has determined that the St. Louis Area has monitored attainment of the 1997 8hour ozone NAAQS. In addition, because the Area has attained the NAAQS and is no longer subject to an RFP requirement, the requirement to submit the section 172(c)(9) contingency measures is not applicable for purposes of redesignation. Section 172(c)(6) requires the SIP to contain control measures necessary to provide for attainment of the NAAQS. Because attainment has been reached, no additional measures are needed to provide for attainment. Sections 172(c)(3) and 182(b)(1) require submission and approval of a comprehensive, accurate, and current inventory of actual emissions. Section 182(b) references section 182(a) of the CAA which requires, in part, that states submit a current inventory of actual emissions (CAA Section 182(a)(1)). Missouri submitted a 2002 base-year emissions inventory on June 16, 2006, and EPA approved the submission on May 31, 2007, as meeting the section 172(c)(3) and section 182(b)(1) emissions inventory requirement. See 72 FR 30272. Section 172(c)(4) of the CAA requires the identification and quantification of allowable emissions for major new and modified stationary sources in an area, and CAA section 172(c)(5) requires source permits for the construction and operation of new and modified major stationary sources anywhere in the nonattainment area. EPA has determined that, since the PSD requirements will apply after redesignation, areas being redesignated need not comply with the requirement that a nonattainment NSR program be approved prior to redesignation, provided that the area demonstrates maintenance of the NAAQS without part D NSR. A more detailed rationale for this view is described in a memorandum from Mary Nichols, Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation, dated October 14, 1994, entitled, ‘‘Part D New Source Review Requirements for Areas Requesting E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules Redesignation to Attainment.’’ Nevertheless, Missouri currently has an approved NNSR program and Missouri’s approved PSD program for the 1997 8hour O3 NAAQS will become effective in the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area upon redesignation to attainment. Section 172(c)(7) of the CAA requires the SIP to meet the applicable provisions of CAA section 110(a)(2). As noted previously, we believe the Missouri SIP meets the requirements of CAA section 110(a)(2) that are applicable for purposes of redesignation. Subpart 1 Section 176 Conformity Requirements. Section 176(c) of the CAA requires states to establish criteria and procedures to ensure that Federally supported or funded projects conform to the air quality planning goals in the applicable SIP. The requirement to determine conformity applies to transportation plans, programs, and projects developed, funded or approved under Title 23 of the United States Code (U.S.C.) and the Federal Transit Act (transportation conformity) as well as to all other Federally supported or funded projects (general conformity). State transportation conformity SIP revisions must be consistent with Federal conformity regulations relating to consultation, enforcement and enforceability which EPA promulgated pursuant to its authority under the CAA. EPA approved the most recent revisions to the transportation conformity SIP for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area on August 29, 2013 (78 FR 53247). Thus, for purposes of redesignating the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area to attainment, EPA is proposing that Missouri has satisfied all applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation for the St. Louis area under CAA section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA. Subpart 2 Section 182(a) and (b) Requirements Comprehensive Emissions Inventory. Section 182(a)(1) requires the submission of a comprehensive emission inventory. As mentioned above, EPA approved Missouri’s 2002 inventory as meeting the section 182(a)(1) comprehensive emissions inventory requirement. See 72 FR 30272. Missouri also submitted a 2008 emissions inventory as the base year as part of the maintenance plan. Emissions Statement. Section 182(a)(3)(B) requires states with areas designated nonattainment for the ozone NAAQS to submit a SIP revision to require emissions statements to be submitted to the state by sources within that nonattainment area. EPA approved Missouri’s emission statement SIP on May 31, 2007 (72 FR 30272). VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 VOC RACT. Section 182(b)(2) requires states with moderate nonattainment areas to implement RACT under section 172(c)(1) with respect to each of the following: (1) All sources covered by a Control Technology Guideline (CTG) documented issued between November 15, 1990, and the date of attainment; (2) all sources covered by a CTG issued prior to November 15, 1990; and, (3) all other major non-CTG stationary sources. With respect to the first category, EPA issued CTGs for five source categories in September 2006, three source categories in September 2007, and five additional source categories in Sept 2008. Areas classified as moderate and above were required to submit VOC RACT for the source categories covered by these CTGs, by September 2007, September 2008, and September 2009, respectively. Missouri submitted a SIP revision on January 17, 2007, with a supplemental revision on June 1, 2007, and May 8, 2012. EPA approved the VOC RACT rules on January 23, 2012, (77 FR 3144) and January 6, 2014 (79 FR 580). NOX RACT. Section 182(f) establishes NOX requirements for ozone nonattainment areas. However, it provides that these requirements do not apply to an area if the Administrator determines that NOX reductions would not contribute to attainment of the NAAQS. On July 21, 2011, EPA approved a request from Missouri to exempt sources of NOX in the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area from section 182(f) NOX RACT requirements. See 76 FR 43598. Therefore, the state of Missouri need not have fully approved NOX control measures under section 182(f) for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area to be redesignated to attainment. Stage II Vapor Recovery. Originally, the section 182(b)(3) Stage II requirements applied to all moderate ozone nonattainment areas. However, under section 202(a)(6) of the CAA, 42 U.S.C. 7521(a)(6), the requirements of section 182(b)(3) no longer apply in moderate ozone nonattainment areas after EPA promulgated the onboard refueling vapor recovery standards on April 6, 1994 (59 FR 16262), codified at 40 CFR parts 86 (including 86.098–8), 88 and 600. Under implementation rules issued in 2002 for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, EPA retained the Stage II-related requirements under section 182(b)(3) as they applied for the nowrevoked 1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 40 CFR 51.900(f)(5)and 40 CFR 51.916(a). Therefore, as a moderate ozone nonattainment area for the 1997 standard, the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area is not subject to the Stage 2 vapor recovery program requirements. PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 78759 Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance (I/M). Section 182(b)(4) of the CAA requires states with areas designated nonattainment for the ozone NAAQS to submit SIPs requiring inspection and maintenance of vehicles (I/M). EPA approved Missouri’s 10 CSR 10–5.380 ‘‘Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection’’ rule into the Missouri SIP on May 18, 2000 (65 FR 31480), and approved an additional revision on May 12, 2003 (68 FR 25414). Missouri replaced this rule with 10 CSR 10–5.381, ‘‘On-board Diagnostics Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection’’, and has been implementing the program since 2007. EPA has included in the docket for this action the TSD for the proposed approval of 10 CSR 10–5.381, which is being addressed in a separate action. The TSD explains in detail the projected emissions based on the state-approved I/M program. As demonstrated in the TSD, emissions have continued to trend downward since the implementation of this program by the State. The TSD further explains EPA’s basis for proposing approval of 10 CSR 10–5.381 into the SIP. If EPA receives comments on that proposal and they impact this redesignation request, EPA will address those comments in relation to this action as well.5 Thus, for purposes of redesignating the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area to attainment, EPA determines that Missouri has satisfied all applicable requirements for CAA section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA. b. The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area has a Fully Approved Applicable SIP Under Section 110(k) of the CAA. EPA has fully approved the state’s SIP for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area for the 1997 8-hour ozone nonattainment area under section 110(k) of the CAA for all requirements applicable for purposes of redesignation. EPA may rely on prior SIP approvals in approving a redesignation request (see Calcagni Memorandum at p. 3; Southwestern Pennsylvania Growth Alliance v. Browner, 144 F.3d 984, 989–90 (6th Cir. 1998); Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426(6th Cir. 2001, upholding this interpretation)) plus any additional measures it may approve in conjunction with a redesignation action (see 68 FR 25426 (May 12, 2003) and citations therein). Following passage of the CAA of 1970, Missouri has adopted and submitted, and EPA has fully approved at various times, provisions addressing the various SIP elements applicable for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the 5 EPA–R07–OAR–2014–0399. E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78760 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules St. Louis area (e.g., (72 FR 25975, May 8, 2007) and (76 FR 40619, July 11, 2011)). tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Criteria (3)—The Air Quality Improvement Is Due to Permanent and Enforceable Reductions in Emissions Resulting From Implementation of the SIP and Applicable Federal Air Pollution Control Regulations and Other Permanent and Enforceable Reductions (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii)). For redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment, section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii) of the CAA requires EPA to determine that the air quality improvement in the area is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP and applicable Federal air pollution control regulations and other permanent and enforceable reductions. EPA proposes to find that Missouri has demonstrated that the observed air quality improvement in the St. Louis area is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP, Federal measures, and other state adopted measures discussed below. In making this demonstration, MDNR has calculated the change in emissions from a nonattainment year inventory to an attainment year inventory. For the nonattainment inventory, Missouri developed a 2002 base year emissions inventory. For the attainment inventory, Missouri developed an inventory for 2008, one of the years the St. Louis area monitored attainment of the standard. See section b. below for discussion on development of these inventories. The reduction in emissions and the corresponding improvement in air quality over this time period can be attributed to a number of permanent and enforceable regulatory control measures that St. Louis and upwind areas have implemented in recent years. a. Permanent and Enforceable Controls Implemented The following is a discussion on the permanent and enforceable measures that have been implemented in the area. Reductions in VOC and NOX emissions have occurred statewide and in upwind areas as a result of Federal emission control measures, with additional emission reductions expected to occur in the future. Federal emission control measures include the following: Tier 2 vehicle standards and lowsulfur gasoline. These emission control requirements result in lower VOC and NOX emissions from new cars and light duty trucks, including sport utility vehicles. The Federal rules were phased VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 in between 2004 and 2009. EPA has estimated that, after phasing in the new requirements, new vehicles emit less NOX in the following percentages: Passenger cars (light duty vehicles)— seventy seven percent; light duty trucks, minivans, and sports utility vehicles— eighty six percent; and larger sports utility vehicles, vans, and heavier trucks—sixty-nine to ninety-five percent. VOC emission reductions are expected to range from 12 to 18 percent. EPA expects fleet wide average emissions to decline by similar percentages as new vehicles replace older vehicles. Some of these emission reductions occurred by the attainment years (2008–2010) and additional emission reductions will occur throughout the maintenance period. Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Rule. On October 6, 2000, EPA promulgated a rule to reduce NOX and VOC emissions from heavy-duty gasoline and diesel highway vehicles that began to take effect in 2004 (65 FR 59896). The program should achieve a ninety-five percent reduction in NOX emission for new engines compared to existing engines. Tier 4 Non-Road Diesel Engine Rule. Promulgated in 2004, this rule is being phased in between 2008 and 2014. This rule will require stricter emission standards for nonroad diesel engines. When fully implemented, these rules will reduce NOX emissions by up to ninety percent. Some of these emission reductions occurred by the attainment years (2008–2010) and additional emission reductions will occur throughout the maintenance period. Nonroad Large spark-ignition engines and recreational engines standards. The nonroad spark-ignition and recreational engine standards, effective in July 2003, regulate NOX, and hydrocarbons from groups of previously unregulated nonroad engines. These engine standards apply to large spark-ignition engines (e.g., forklifts and airport ground service equipment), recreational vehicles (e.g., off-highway motorcycles and all-terrain-vehicles), and recreational marine diesel engines sold in the United States and imported after the effective date of these standards. When all of the nonroad sparkignition and recreational engine standards are fully implemented, an overall seventy-two percent reduction in hydrocarbons and eighty percent reduction in NOX, emissions are expected by 2020. These controls will help reduce ambient concentrations of ozone. Furthermore, because ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area are likely impacted by the transport of PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 nitrogen oxides, or transport of ozone produced downwind from nitrogen oxides, the area’s air quality is likely affected by regulation of NOX emissions from power plants in other states. EPA promulgated the NOX SIP Call, Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and CSAPR to address NOX emissions from large electric generating units (EGUs) and certain non-EGUs across the eastern United States. NOX SIP Call. On October 27, 1998 (63 FR 57356), EPA issued the NOX SIP Call pursuant to the CAA to require 22 states and the District of Columbia to reduce NOX emissions. Affected states were required to comply with Phase I of the SIP Call beginning in 2004, and Phase II beginning in 2007. As part of the NOX SIP Call, the eastern third of Missouri was required to comply with Phase II of the program. In response, Missouri developed rules governing the control of NOX emissions from EGUs, major non-EGU industrial boilers, major cement kilns, and large internal combustion engines. EPA approved Missouri’s Phase II NOX SIP Call rules on August 15, 2006 (71 FR 46860). Implementation of the Phase II rules was projected to result in an eighty-two percent NOX reduction from 1995 levels. Missouri rules which address the NOX SIP call include: • 10 CSR 10–6.350, Emissions limitations and Emissions Trading of Oxides of Nitrogen • 10 CSR 10–6.360, Controlling NOX Emissions From Electric Generating Units and Non-Electric Generating Boilers • 10 CSR 10–6.380, Control of NOX Emissions From Portland Cement Kilns • 10 CSR 10–6.390, Control of NOX Emissions From Large Stationary Internal Combustion Engines Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and the Cross State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR). The Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) was promulgated in 2005 and required twenty eight eastern states and the District of Columbia to significantly reduce emissions of SO2 and NOX from electric generating units (EGUs) in order to limit the interstate transport of these pollutants and the ozone and fine particulate matter these pollutants form in the atmosphere. 70 FR 25162 (May 12, 2005). In 2008, the D.C. Circuit initially vacated CAIR and ordered EPA to replace CAIR in its entirety, North Carolina v. EPA, 531 F.3d 896 (D.C. Cir. 2008), but ultimately remanded the rule to EPA without vacatur in order to preserve the environmental benefits provided by CAIR, North Carolina v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176, 1178 (D.C. Cir. 2008). On August 8, 2011, acting on the E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules Court’s remand, EPA promulgated CSAPR in order to replace CAIR and address interstate transport of emissions and the resulting secondary formation of ozone and fine particulate matter (76 FR 48208).6 CSAPR requires substantial reductions of SO2 and NOX emissions from EGUs in twenty eight states in the eastern United States. Implementation of the rule was scheduled to begin on January 1, 2012, when CSAPR’s capand-trade programs would have superseded the CAIR cap-and-trade programs. However, numerous parties filed petitions for review of CSAPR, and on December 30, 2011, the D.C. Circuit issued an order staying implementation of CSAPR pending resolution of the petitions for review and directing EPA to continue to administer CAIR. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, No. 11–1302 (D.C. Cir. Dec. 30, 2011), ECF No. 1350421 at 2. On August 21, 2012, the D.C. Circuit issued a decision addressing a subset of the issues raised by the petitioners which vacated and remanded CSAPR to the Agency and once again ordered continued implementation of CAIR. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, 696 F.3d 7, 38 (D.C. Cir. 2012). The D.C. Circuit subsequently denied EPA’s petition for rehearing en banc. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, No. 11–1302 (D.C. Cir. Jan. 24, 2013), ECF No. 1417012. EPA and other parties then petitioned the Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari, and the Supreme Court granted the petitions on June 24, 2013. EPA v. EME Homer City Generation, L.P., 133 S. Ct. 2857 (2013). On April 29, 2014, the Supreme Court reversed the D.C. Circuit’s decision regarding CSAPR and remanded the case back to the D.C. Circuit for further proceedings consistent with its opinion. EPA v. EME Homer City Generation, L.P., 134 S. Ct. 1584 (2014). In light of the Supreme Court decision, EPA filed a motion asking the D.C. Circuit to lift the stay and toll all deadlines in CSAPR by three years, and on October 23, 2014, the D.C. Circuit granted EPA’s motion. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, No. 11–1302 (D.C. Cir. Oct. 23, 2014), ECF No. 1518738 at 3. As noted above, CAIR was promulgated in 2005 and incentivized early reductions from sources in all covered states, including those upwind of the St. Louis area. On December, 14, 2007, EPA approved Missouri’s CAIR rules into the SIP and the state’s CAIR rules became effective in 2009.(72 FR 71073) With regard to the EGUs located in the Missouri portion of the St. Louis nonattainment area, the requirements in CAIR were no more stringent than the requirements under the NOX SIP Call other than the fact that the annual NOX emissions had to be controlled in addition to ozone season NOX emissions. The Missouri rule written to comply with the NOX SIP Call requirements for EGUs was replaced with the CAIR NOX regulations, 10 CSR 10–6.362, Clean Air Interstate Rule Annual NOX Trading program and 10 78761 CSR 10–6.364, Clean Air Interstate Rule Seasonal NOX Trading program, and include limits for non-EGU boilers, specifically Trigen Units 5 and 6 and Anheuser Busch Unit 6. However, these three units have all been retired, and received retired unit exemptions that prohibit these units from operating. Missouri’s redesignation request lists CAIR as a control measure. CAIR was thus in place and getting emission reductions in Missouri and in states upwind of Missouri when the St. Louis area began monitoring attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, and the quality-assured, certified monitoring data used to demonstrate the area’s attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS is therefore impacted by CAIR. Furthermore, because ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area are likely impacted by the transport of nitrogen oxides, or transport of ozone produced downwind from nitrogen oxides, the area’s air quality is likely affected by regulation of NOX emissions from power plants in other states. Table 2 presents statewide NOX EGU emissions data for the years 2002 and 2008 for the several states that were found to significantly contribute to ambient ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area. Emissions for 2008 reflect implementation of CAIR. Table 2 shows that states contributing to the St. Louis area reduced NOX emissions from EGUs by thirty nine percent between 2002 and 2008. TABLE 2—COMPARISON OF 2002, 2008, AND 2013 STATEWIDE EGU NOX EMISSIONS TONS PER YEAR (TPY) FOR STATES IMPACTING THE ST. LOUIS AREA 7 EGU CAMD ozone season NOX State 2002 (tons) 2008 (tons) Net change 2002–2008 (tons) 2013 (tons) Net change 2008–2013 (tons) 25,662 100,374 158,379 107,953 78,343 77,389 30,583 215,907 95,012 21,743 57,565 94,253 69,007 57,124 48,627 27,445 102,730 38,902 ¥3,920 ¥42,808 ¥64,126 ¥38,946 ¥21,219 ¥28,762 ¥3,139 ¥113,176 ¥56,110 22,614 29,158 59,232 47,014 38,241 42,629 14,586 49,160 14,243 871 ¥28,407 ¥35,021 ¥21,994 ¥18,883 ¥5,997 ¥12,859 ¥53,571 ¥24,659 Total ................................................ tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS AR .......................................................... IL ............................................................ IN ........................................................... KY .......................................................... MI ........................................................... MO ......................................................... MS .......................................................... OH .......................................................... TN .......................................................... 889,602 517,396 ¥372,206 316,877 ¥200,520 On November 21, 2014, the Administrator signed an action that published in the Federal Register on December 3, 2014, (79 FR 71163) amending the regulatory text of CSAPR to reflect the Court’s October 23, 2014, order tolling all deadlines in CSAPR by three years, including provisions governing the sunsetting of CAIR. CAIR will therefore sunset at the end of 2014 and be replaced by CSAPR beginning January 1, 2015. Relative to CAIR, CSAPR requires similar or greater emission reductions from relevant upwind areas starting in 2015 and 6 CAIR addressed the 1997 p.m.2.5 annual standard and the 1997 8-hour ozone standard. CSAPR addresses contributions from upwind states to downwind nonattainment and maintenance of the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 standard as well as the ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS addressed by CAIR. 7 EPA CAMD quarterly data: ftp://ftp.epa.gov/ dmdnload/emissions/daily/quarterly/. VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78762 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules beyond. See Tables 6 through 8 for area emissions inventory projections that incorporate expected EGU emissions reductions from CSAPR within Missouri, and Table 9 for EGU emissions projections in states upwind of the St. Louis area. The emission reductions associated with CAIR that helped the St. Louis area achieve attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS can therefore be considered permanent and enforceable for purposes of redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii) of the CAA. State and Local Measures. Missouri has several other state regulations that provide permanent and enforceable controls for NOX and VOC emissions in the St. Louis area. These SIP approved rules include: • 10 CSR 10–5.070 ‘‘Open Burning Restrictions’’ • 10 CSR 10–6.070 ‘‘New Source Performance Regulations’’ • 10 CSR 10–6.075 ‘‘Maximum Achievable Control Technology Regulations’’ • 10 CSR 10–6.080 ‘‘Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants’’ • 10 CSR 10–5.330 ‘‘Control of Emissions from Industrial Surface Coating Operations’’ • 10 CSR 10–5.340 ‘‘Control of Emissions from Rotogravure and Flexographic Printing’’ • 10 CSR 10–5.442 ‘‘Control of Emissions from Lithographic Printing Operations’’ • 10 CSR 10–5.455 ‘‘Control of Emissions from Solvent Cleanup Operations’’ Reformulated Gasoline (RFG). In July of 1998, Missouri requested that EPA extend the requirement for sale of RFG to St. Louis, Franklin, Jefferson, and St. Charles counties and the City of St. Louis in an effort to address the St. Louis ozone nonattainment area. On March 3, 1999 (64 FR 10366), EPA granted this request with compliance required by June 1, 1999. Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program. To meet nonattainment area requirements for the one-hour ozone standard, Missouri implemented an inspection and maintenance program beginning in 2000 in the counties of St. Louis, St. Charles, and Jefferson and the City of St. Louis. Missouri codified the program through state rule 10 CSR 10– 5.380, ‘‘Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection,’’ and EPA approved an additional revision to this rule on May 12, 2003 (68 FR 25414). The program was established to address ozone formation and reduce NOX and VOC emissions in the area. The mobile source emissions inventory projections used in this demonstration incorporate a new inspection and maintenance program rule, 10 CSR 10–5.381, which replaces the 10–5.380 rule. The State has implemented 10 CSR 10–5.381 since 2007. EPA has included in the docket for this action the TSD for the proposed approval of 10 CSR 10–5.381, which is being proposed for approval in a separate action.8 The TSD explains in detail the projected emissions based on the state-approved I/M program. As demonstrated in the TSD, emissions have continued to trend downward since the implementation of this program by the State. The TSD further explains EPA’s basis for proposing approve of 10 CSR 10–5.381 into the SIP. If EPA receives comments on that proposal and they impact this redesignation request, EPA will address those comments in relation to this action as well. b. Emission Reductions Missouri is using the 2002 comprehensive emissions inventory submitted to EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) to meet the requirement of section 172(c)(3) of the CAA as the nonattainment base year inventory. MDNR’s inventory contains NOX and VOC emissions for point, area, nonroad and onroad sources and was EPA approved May 31, 2007, (http:// www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2007-05-31/ html/E7-10231.htm). The St. Louis area attained the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS based on monitoring data for the 3-year period from 2008– 2010. MDNR has selected 2008 as the attainment emission inventory year. The attainment inventory identifies a level of NOX and VOC emissions in the area that is sufficient to attain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. Missouri prepared a comprehensive 2008 emissions inventory to use as the attainment year inventory. Point source ozone season day emissions were calculated on the Emissions Inventory Questionnaire of actual emissions or EIQ form 2.0Z, Ozone Season Information. Area ozone season day emissions were calculated from Emissions Modeling Clearinghouse (EMCH) temporal allocation profiles that are Source Classification Codes (SCC)-specific. Ozone season day emissions are typical of a Tuesday in July. Nonroad emissions were generated using EPA’s NONROAD model and onroad attainment year inventories originated from EPA’s mobile model, Mobile6.2. For more information on EPA’s analysis of the 2002 and 2008 emissions inventory, see EPA’s TSD dated October 28, 2014, or appendix A, B, and E of the state submittal, available on line at www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No. EPA–OAR–R07–2014–0900. Using the inventories described above Missouri has documented changes in emissions from 2002 to 2008 for the St. Louis area as shown in tables below. Table 5 demonstrates that the entire St. Louis area has reduced emissions during the period except as described below. TABLE 3—2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR THE MISSOURI PORTION OF THE ST. LOUIS NONATTAINMENT AREA TONS PER DAY [tpd] Source category VOC NOX tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Point Sources .............................................................................................................................................. Area Sources ............................................................................................................................................... On-Road Mobile Sources ............................................................................................................................ Non-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................................................... 32.7 71.3 68.1 47.0 127.2 19.4 159.0 60.7 Totals .................................................................................................................................................... 219.1 366.3 8 EPA–R07–OAR–2014–0399. VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78763 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules TABLE 4—2008 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR THE MISSOURI PORTION OF THE ST. LOUIS NONATTAINMENT AREA [tpd] Source category VOC NOX Point Sources .............................................................................................................................................. Area Sources ............................................................................................................................................... On-Road Mobile Sources ............................................................................................................................ Non-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................................................... 18.0 99.5 57.9 45.2 88.8 6.5 96.2 53.6 Totals .................................................................................................................................................... 220.5 245.2 TABLE 5—COMPARISON OF 2002 AND 2008 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR THE MISSOURI SIDE OF THE ST. LOUIS NONATTAINMENT AREA [tpd] Source category VOC NOX Point Sources .............................................................................................................................................. Area Sources ............................................................................................................................................... On-Road Mobile Sources ............................................................................................................................ Non-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................................................... ¥14.7 +28.2 ¥10.2 ¥1.8 ¥38.4 ¥12.9 ¥68.2 ¥7.1 Totals .................................................................................................................................................... +1.4 ¥121.1 * Note: A negative value indicates a projected decrease in emissions from 2008 to 2025. A positive value indicates a projected increase in emissions from 2008 to 2025. tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS As indicated in the table 5, NOX emissions decreased by 121 tpd which is a thirty three percent reduction. Total VOC emissions remained relatively stable with a slight increase of less than one percent or 1.4 tpd. MDNR determined that the VOC increase is due to a change in the reporting of small, non-Title-V-permitted sources from the point category in 2002 to the nonpoint category in 2008, as well as numerous changes in the area source estimation methodologies and emission factors. The substantial reduction in NOX emissions between 2002 and 2008, along with other regional controls have resulted in the improved monitored ground-level ozone concentrations in the St. Louis nonattainment area attributable to the 1997 ozone NAAQS compliance. Based on the information summarized above, and information provided in EPA’s technical support document, which is a part of this docket, Missouri has adequately demonstrated that the improvement in air quality is due to permanent and enforceable emissions reductions. Criteria (4)—The Area Has a Fully Approved Maintenance Plan Pursuant to Section 175A of the CAA (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iv)) In conjunction with its request to redesignate the St. Louis area to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, MDNR submitted a SIP revision on November 1, 2011, supplemented on April 29, 2014, and further clarified on September 17, 2014, VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 to provide for the maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS for at least ten years after the effective date of redesignation to attainment. EPA believes this maintenance plan meets the requirements for approval under section 175A of the CAA. a. Maintenance Plan Requirements Section 175A of the CAA sets forth the elements of a maintenance plan for areas seeking redesignation from nonattainment to attainment. Under section 175A, the plan must demonstrate continued attainment of the applicable NAAQS for at least ten years after the Administrator approves a redesignation to attainment. Eight years after the redesignation, MDNR must submit a revised maintenance plan demonstrating that attainment will continue to be maintained for the ten years following the initial ten-year period, if applicable. To address the possibility of future NAAQS violations, the maintenance plan must contain such contingency measures, as EPA deems necessary, to assure prompt correction of any future 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS violations. The Calcagni Memorandum provides further guidance on the content of a maintenance plan, explaining that a maintenance plan should address five requirements: (1) The attainment emissions inventory, (2) a maintenance demonstration, (3) a commitment to maintain the existing monitoring network, (4) verification of continued attainment, and (5) a contingency plan to plan or prevent or correct future violations. As discussed PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 below, EPA is proposing that MDNR’s maintenance plan includes all the necessary components and is thus proposing to approve it as a revision to the Missouri SIP. b. Maintenance Plan Base Year Inventory As discussed previously, the 2008 inventory used for the year of attainment is called the Attainment Year Inventory. It is also referred to as the Maintenance Plan Base Year Inventory and becomes the inventory future years will be compared to in order to show maintenance. However, MDNR created a different 2008 onroad inventory for the comparison to future years in the maintenance plan. As explained previously, for the 2008 onroad attainment inventory, MDNR used NEI data which was developed using Mobile6.2 to compare with the 2002 nonattainment base year. A second 2008 onroad inventory was developed utilizing MOVES to establish a maintenance base year for comparison to the future 2017 and 2025 MOVES based future year inventories. This allows for a smooth transition to the updated model and to prevent comparing a MOVES version of 2008 attainment year with the MOBILE6 version of the 2002 nonattainment base year inventory. Therefore, the 2008 onroad mobile source inventory used for supporting maintenance was developed using the most current version of EPA’s highway mobile source emissions model MOVES2010a. E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78764 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules Emissions projections to support maintenance through 2025 have been prepared for the years 2017 and 2025, which is at the ten-year interval required in section 175(A) of the CAA. EPA has reviewed the documentation provided by MDNR and found the emissions inventory to be acceptable. For more information on EPA’s analysis of the 2008 emissions inventory, see EPA’s TSD dated October 28, 2014, or appendix B and E of the state submittal, available on line at www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No. EPA–OAR–R07–2014–0900. c. Maintenance Demonstration Section 175A requires a state seeking redesignation to attainment to submit a SIP revision to provide for the maintenance of the NAAQS in the Area ‘‘for at least 10 years after the redesignation.’’ EPA has interpreted this as a showing of maintenance ‘‘for a period of ten years following redesignation.’’ Calcagni Memorandum, p. 9. Where the emissions inventory method of showing maintenance is used, the purpose is to show that emissions during the maintenance period will not increase over the attainment year inventory. Calcagni Memorandum, pp. 9–10. As discussed in detail in the subsection below, Missouri’s maintenance plan submission demonstrates that the area’s emissions inventories will remain below the attainment year inventories through 2025. For a demonstration of maintenance, emissions inventories are required to be projected to future dates to assess the influence of future growth and controls; however, the maintenance demonstration need not be based on air quality modeling. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426 (6th Cir.2001); Sierra Club v. EPA, 375 F. 3d 537 [(7th Cir.2004)]. See also 66 FR 53099–53100; 68 FR 25430– 25432. MDNR uses projection inventories to show that the area will remain in attainment. MDNR developed projection inventories for an interim year of 2017 and a maintenance plan end year of 2025 to show that future emissions of NOX and VOC will remain at or below the attainment year 2008 emissions levels in the St. Louis area through the year 2025. In light of more recent information on CSAPR, Missouri submitted on September 17, 2014, a revision that updated their future year projections for EGU facilities using the presumption that CSAPR will be in place to control emissions from sources. Non-EGU Point source and nonpoint sources were developed using growth factors created from the EGAS model (http://www.epa.gov/ttnecas1/ egas5.htm) using economic growth projections from the Policy Insight® Model for Regional Economic Model, Inc. (REMI) to project the future year inventory. EPA’s Nonroad Model and EPA’s onroad mobile model, MOVES, were utilized to project mobile source future inventories. EPA has reviewed the documentation provided by MDNR and found the methodologies acceptable. Tables 6 and 7 below show the inventories for the 2008 attainment year, 2017 interim year, and the 2025 maintenance plan end year for the Missouri portion of the area. TABLE 6—ACTUAL AND PROJECTED ANNUAL NOX EMISSIONS FOR THE MISSOURI PORTION OF THE ST. LOUIS AREA [tpd] Source category 2008 2017 2025 Point Sources ............................................................................................................ Area Sources ............................................................................................................. On-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................... Off-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................... 88.84 6.52 160.38 60.85 87.01 6.68 62.32 35.53 89.81 6.85 41.66 29.44 Totals .................................................................................................................. 316.59 191.54 167.76 TABLE 7—ACTUAL AND PROJECTED ANNUAL VOC EMISSIONS FOR THE MISSOURI PORTION OF THE ST. LOUIS AREA [tpd] Source category 2008 2017 2025 Point Sources ............................................................................................................ Area Sources ............................................................................................................. On-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................... Off-Road Mobile Sources .......................................................................................... 18.0 98.74 58.53 46.44 22.82 115.85 27.51 28.88 28.01 130.91 20.15 28.17 Totals .................................................................................................................. 221.71 195.06 207.24 TABLE 8—COMPARISON OF 2008 AND 2025 NOX AND VOC EMISSIONS FOR THE MISSOURI PORTION OF THE ST. LOUIS AREA [tpd] tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Source category NOX VOC Point Sources .............................................................................................................................................. Area Sources ............................................................................................................................................... On-Road Mobile Sources ............................................................................................................................ Off-Road Mobile Sources ............................................................................................................................ +0.97 +0.33 ¥119.59 ¥24.17 +10.01 +31.44 ¥40.71 ¥16.99 Totals .................................................................................................................................................... ¥148.83 ¥14.47 * Note: A negative value indicates a projected decrease in emissions from 2008 to 2025. A positive value indicates a projected increase in emissions from 2008 to 2025. VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules Table 8 above shows between 2008 and 2025, the area is projected to reduce NOX emissions by 148.83 tpd, and VOC emissions by 14.47 tpd. Thus, the projected emissions inventories show that the area will continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS during the 10 year maintenance period. As discussed in detail above, the state’s maintenance plan submission demonstrates that the area’s emission inventories will remain below the attainment year inventories through at least 2025. In addition, for the reasons set forth below, EPA believes that the state’s submission, in conjunction with additional supporting information, further demonstrates that the area will continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS at least through 2025. Maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O3 standard in the area is a function of regional as well as local emissions trends. The regional impacts are dominated by the impacts of NOX emissions. As discussed above, CAIR resulted in substantial NOX emission reductions for the area, and beginning in 2015, CSAPR will replace CAIR. CSAPR establishes emissions budgets for the 78765 total emissions that may be emitted annually from EGUs in each covered state.9 Table 9 below shows that for states significantly contributing to ozone concentrations that actual EGU emissions in 2013 under CAIR, as well as Phase I budgets and Phase II assurance levels under CSAPR, are well below the level of actual EGU emissions in those same states during the attainment year of 2008. EPA therefore believes that with CSAPR in place, regional emissions will not affect maintenance of the 1997 8-hour ozone standard for the St. Louis area. TABLE 9—COMPARISON OF 2008 AND 2013 STATEWIDE EGU OZONE SEASON NOX EMISSIONS WITH CSAPR 2015 PHASE I BUDGET AND 2017 PHASE II ASSURANCE LEVELS (TPY) FROM STATES THAT IMPACT THE ST. LOUIS AREA 10 Attainment year 2008 State AR ............................................................................................ IL .............................................................................................. IN ............................................................................................. KY ............................................................................................ MI ............................................................................................. MO ........................................................................................... MS ............................................................................................ OH ............................................................................................ TN ............................................................................................ 21,743 57,565 94,253 69,007 57,124 48,627 27,445 102,730 38,902 22,614 29,158 59,232 47,014 38,241 42,629 14,586 49,160 14,243 15,110 21,208 46,876 36,167 28,041 22,788 12,429 41,284 14,908 CSAPR 2017 Phase II assurance level 18,283 21,662 55,872 39,536 32,536 25,530 15,039 47,206 9,699 MDNR has the legal authority to enforce and implement the requirements of the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area 1997 8-hour O3 maintenance plan. This includes the authority to adopt, implement and enforce any subsequent emissions control contingency measures determined to be necessary to correct future O3 attainment problems. Section 175A of the CAA requires that a maintenance plan include such contingency measures as EPA deems necessary to assure that the state will promptly correct a violation of the NAAQS that occurs after redesignation. The maintenance plan should identify the contingency measures to be adopted, a schedule and procedure for adoption and implementation, and a time limit for action by the state. A state should also identify specific indicators to be used to determine when the contingency measures need to be implemented. The maintenance plan must include a requirement that a state will implement all measures with respect to control of the pollutant that were contained in the SIP before redesignation of the area to attainment in accordance with section 175A(d). The contingency plan included in the submittal includes a triggering mechanism to determine when contingency measures are needed and a process of developing and implementing appropriate control measures. MDNR will use actual ambient monitoring data as the triggering event to determine when contingency measures should be implemented. Missouri has identified two different levels of corrective responses should the 8-hour O3 level exceed the NAAQS in any year. A level I trigger occurs when the fourth highest 8-hour ozone concentration exceeds 84 ppb in any year at any monitoring station in the nonattainment area as described in the state’s submittal for the St. Louis area. MDNR will evaluate a level I condition, if it occurs, as expeditiously as practicable to determine the causes of 9 CSAPR’s assurance provisions and associated penalties will take effect January 1, 2017. See EPA interim final rule published December 3, 2014 79 FR 71663. EPA does not expect states’ emissions under CSAPR’s Phase 1 budgets, which will apply in 2015 and 2016, to exceed what would have been their Phase 1 assurance levels under CSAPR’s originally planned implementation schedule, because in the aggregate, state emissions are already meeting the Phase 1 budgets. See EPA Motion to Lift the Stay Entered on December 30, 2011, EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, Case No. 11– 1302 (filed June 26, 2014), ECF No. 1499505, Attachment at 9–15. See also 77 FR 10324, 10330– 32 (February 21, 2012) (discussing EPA’s rationale for revising effective date of assurance provisions). 10 http://www.epa.gov/airtransport/CSAPR/pdfs/ OzoneSeasonNOx.xls. EPA’s proposed approval is based on a showing, in accordance with CAA section 175A, that Missouri’s submittal demonstrates that the area can maintain through 2025. d. Monitoring Network There is an extensive monitoring network measuring O3 in the St. Louis area. MDNR has committed to continue operation of the network in the area in compliance with 40 CFR part 58 and have thus addressed the requirement for monitoring. EPA approved Missouri’s 2013 monitoring plan on November 22, 2013. http://www.epa.gov/region7/air/ quality/quality.htm. MDNR will track the progress of the maintenance plan by performing future reviews of triennial emission inventories for the St. Louis area as required in the Air Emissions Reporting Rule (AERR). For these periodic inventories, MDNR will review the assumptions made for the purpose of the maintenance demonstration concerning projected growth of activity levels. f. Contingency Measures in the Maintenance Plan e. Verification of Continued Attainment tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS CSAPR 2015 Phase I budget 2013 VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS 78766 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules the ambient O3 increase. If adverse emission trends are likely to continue, MDNR will first evaluate and subsequently adopt and implement control measures, taking into consideration the ease of implementation and the technical and economic feasibility of selected measures, as outlined in the state’s plan no later than twenty four months after quality-assured ambient data has been entered into EPA’s AQS database indicating a level I trigger. A level II trigger is activated when any violation of the 8-hour O3 NAAQS at any Federal reference method monitor in the St. Louis maintenance area is recorded, based on qualityassured monitoring data. In this event, MDNR will conduct a comprehensive study to determine the cause of the violation within six months of the triggering event. Selected measures will be implemented as expeditiously as practicable, taking into consideration the ease of implementation and the technical and economic feasibility of selected measures, as outlined in the state’s plan no later than twenty four months after quality-assured ambient data has been entered into EPA’s AQS database indicating a level II trigger. The comprehensive measures will be selected from the following types of measures, as further detailed in the state’s submission, or from any other measure deemed appropriate and effective at the time the selection is made by MDNR: • Controls for local individual sources with significant effects on the monitored violation; • Revisions to current rules that control NOX and VOC emissions such as lowering limits and applicability thresholds of current rules; and • Establishing new rules that control NOX and VOC emissions. In addition to the triggers indicated above, Missouri commits to compiling and monitoring O3 inventories for the Missouri portion of the area every three years throughout the duration of the maintenance period to facilitate the emissions trends analysis included in the contingency plan under levels I and II. EPA has concluded that the maintenance plan adequately addresses the five basic components of a maintenance plan: Attainment emission inventory, maintenance demonstration, monitoring network, verification of continued attainment, and a contingency plan. Therefore, EPA proposes to find that the maintenance plan SIP revision submitted by MDNR for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis VerDate Sep<11>2014 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 area meets the requirements of section 175A of the CAA and is approvable. g. Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets for Transportation Conformity Purposes Generally, maintenance plans establish motor vehicle emissions budgets for the last year of the maintenance plan, at a minimum (40 CFR 93.118(b)(2)(i)). However, Missouri did not include motor vehicle emissions budgets for the last year of this maintenance plan because EPA revoked the 1997 ozone NAAQS for transportation conformity purposes on May 21, 2012 and, therefore, the area is not required to demonstrate conformity for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. (77 FR 30167) EPA notes that Missouri has submitted motor vehicle emissions budgets for the 2008 ozone NAAQS. Those budgets will become applicable when either EPA completes the adequacy process that was started on October 4, 2013, or approves these budgets, whichever occurs earlier. In addition, the state submission has met the public notice requirements for SIP submissions in accordance with 40 CFR 51.102. The submission also satisfied the completeness criteria of 40 CFR part 51, appendix V. As explained above and in more detail in the technical support document which is part of this document, the revision meets the substantive SIP requirements of the CAA, including section 110 and implementing regulations. V. Summary of Proposed Actions EPA is proposing several actions regarding the area’s redesignation and maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. We are processing this as a proposed action because we are soliciting comments. First, EPA is proposing to determine, based on complete, quality-assured and certified monitoring data for the 2008–2010 monitoring period, and after review of all available data in AQS, that the St. Louis area is currently attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. EPA is also proposing to determine that the St. Louis area has met the criteria under CAA section 107(d)(3)(E) for redesignation from nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, as discussed in more detail above in section IV. Therefore, EPA is proposing to approve Missouri’s request to redesignate the St. Louis Area and change the legal designation of Franklin, Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis from nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. Second, EPA is proposing to approve the maintenance plan for the St. Louis PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 area. The maintenance plan demonstrates that the area will continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. If finalized, approval of the redesignation request would change the official designation of the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, found at 40 CFR part 81, from nonattainment to attainment. VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), this action is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ and therefore is not subject to review under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011). This action is also not subject to Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). This action merely approves state law as meeting Federal requirements and imposes no additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law. Accordingly, the Administrator certifies that this rulemaking will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Because this rulemaking would approve pre-existing requirements under state law and does not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond that required by state law, it does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4). This rulemaking also does not have tribal implications because it will not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes, on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This action also does not have Federalism implications because it does not have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). Thus Executive Order 13132 does not apply to this action. This action merely approves a state rule implementing a Federal standard, and does not alter the relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities established in the CAA. This rulemaking also is not subject to E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78767 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules Executive Order 13045, ‘‘Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks’’ (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) because it approves a state rule implementing a Federal standard. In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA’s role is to approve state choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. In this context, in the absence of a prior existing requirement for the State to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS), EPA has no authority to disapprove a state submission for failure to use VCS. It would thus be inconsistent with applicable law for EPA when it reviews a state submission, to use VCS in place of a state submission that otherwise satisfies the provisions of the CAA. Thus, the requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. This action does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). Burden is defined at 5 CFR 1320.3(b). The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the United States. EPA will submit a report containing this proposed rule and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal Register. This action is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by March 2, 2015. Filing a petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this proposed rule does not affect the finality of this rulemaking for the purposes of judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such future rule or action. List of Subjects 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen Oxides, Ozone, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds. 40 CFR Part 81 Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Subpart AA—Missouri 2. Section 52.1342 is amended by adding paragraph (c) to read as follows: ■ § 52.1342 Control strategy: Ozone. * * * * * (c) On November 3, 2011, and April 29, 2014, Missouri submitted requests to redesignate the Missouri portion of the St. Louis MO–IL area to attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone standard. The Missouri portion of the St. Louis MO– IL area includes Jefferson, Franklin, St. Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis. As part of the redesignation request, the State submitted a plan for maintaining the 1997 8-hour ozone standard through 2025 in the area as required by Section 175A of the Clean Air Act. PART 81—DESIGNATION OF AREAS FOR AIR QUALITY PLANNING PURPOSES 3. The authority citation for part 81 continues to read as follows: Environmental protection, Air pollution control. ■ Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Dated: December 19, 2014. Karl Brooks, Regional Administrator, Region 7. Subpart C—Section 107 Status Designations For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental Protection Agency proposes to amend 40 CFR parts 52 and 81 as set forth below: PART 52—APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS Attainment 4. Section 81.326 is amended by revising the entry for St. Louis MO–IL in the table entitled ‘‘Missouri—1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Primary and Secondary)’’ to read as follows: ■ § 81.326 * Missouri. * * * * 1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows: ■ MISSOURI—1997 8-HOUR OZONE NAAQS [Primary and secondary] Designation a Category/classification Designated area tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS Date 1 * * * * St. Louis, MO–IL: Franklin County ..................................................................................................... Jefferson County ................................................................................................... St. Charles County ................................................................................................ St. Louis City ......................................................................................................... St. Louis County .................................................................................................... * * * * ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... * Jkt 235001 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4702 * * Sfmt 4702 * * Attainment. Attainment. Attainment. Attainment. Attainment. Indian Country located in each county or area, except as otherwise specified. 1 This date is June 15, 2004, unless otherwise noted. 16:21 Dec 30, 2014 Type * a Includes VerDate Sep<11>2014 Date 1 Type E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1 78768 * Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 250 / Wednesday, December 31, 2014 / Proposed Rules * * * * [FR Doc. 2014–30573 Filed 12–30–14; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 63 [EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290 and EPA–HQ– OAR–2013–0291; FRL–9921–25–OAR] RIN 2060–AP69 NESHAP for Brick and Structural Clay Products Manufacturing; and NESHAP for Clay Ceramics Manufacturing AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency. Supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking; extension of public comment period and change to public hearing date. ACTION: On December 18, 2014, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for brick and structural clay products manufacturing and NESHAP for clay ceramics manufacturing. The EPA is extending the deadline for written comments on the proposed rule by 30 days to March 19, 2015. In addition, the EPA is changing the date of the public hearing, if requested, to January 27, 2015, and the date to pre-register for the hearing if it is held. DATES: Comments. The public comment period for the proposed rule published in the Federal Register on December 18, 2014 (79 FR 75622) is being extended for 30 days to March 19, 2015. Public Hearing. If anyone contacts the EPA requesting a public hearing by January 15, 2015, the EPA will hold a public hearing on January 27, 2015, from 1:00 p.m. [Eastern Standard Time] to 5:00 p.m. [Eastern Standard Time] at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency building located at 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. If the EPA holds a public hearing, the EPA will keep the record of the hearing open for 30 days after completion of the hearing to provide an opportunity for submission of rebuttal and supplementary information. SUMMARY: Comments. Written comments on the proposed rule may be submitted to the EPA electronically, by mail, by facsimile or through hand delivery/courier. Please refer to the proposal for the addresses and detailed instructions. Docket. The EPA has established dockets for this rulemaking under tkelley on DSK3SPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS ADDRESSES: VerDate Sep<11>2014 17:18 Dec 30, 2014 Jkt 235001 Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013– 0291 for Brick and Structural Clay Products Manufacturing and Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OAR–2013–0290 for Clay Ceramics Manufacturing. All documents in the dockets are listed in the regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in regulations.gov or in hard copy at the EPA Docket Center, EPA WJC West Building, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566–1744 and the telephone number for the EPA Docket Center is (202) 566–1742. Public Hearing. If requested by January 15, 2015, the EPA will hold a public hearing on January 27, 2015, from 1:00 p.m. [Eastern Standard Time] to 5:00 p.m. [Eastern Standard Time] at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency building located at 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Please contact Ms. Pamela Garrett of the Sector Policies and Programs Division (D243–01), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711; telephone number: (919) 541– 7966; email address: garrett.pamela@ epa.gov to request a hearing, register to speak at the hearing or to inquire as to whether or not a hearing will be held. The last day to pre-register in advance to speak at the hearing will be January 23, 2015. Additionally, requests to speak will be taken the day of the hearing at the hearing registration desk, although preferences on speaking times may not be able to be fulfilled. Please refer to the proposal for the more detailed information on the public hearing. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For questions about the proposed rule for Brick and Structural Clay Products Manufacturing and Clay Ceramics Manufacturing, contact Ms. Sharon Nizich, Minerals and Manufacturing Group, Sector Policies and Program Division (D243–04), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; Telephone number: (919) 541– PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 2825; Fax number: (919) 541–5450; Email address: nizich.sharon@epa.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: After considering a request to extend the public comment period, the EPA has decided to extend the public comment period for an additional 30 days. Therefore, the public comment period will end on March 19, 2015, rather than February 17, 2015. This extension will help ensure that the public has sufficient time to review the proposed rule and the supporting technical documents and data available in the docket. Dated: December 23, 2014. Mary E. Henigin, Acting Director, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. [FR Doc. 2014–30715 Filed 12–30–14; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 47 CFR Part 79 [CG Docket No. 05–231; FCC 14–206] Closed Captioning of Video Programming; Telecommunications for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, Inc. Petition for Rulemaking Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Proposed rule. AGENCY: In this document, the Commission issues a Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking seeking additional comment on several issues related to matters raised in the Commission’s Closed Captioning Quality Order. These issues include whether the Commission should require video programmers to file contact information and certifications of captioning compliance with the Commission and whether other means would make programmer contact information and certifications more widely available. DATES: Comments are due January 20, 2015 and reply comments are due January 30, 2015. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by CG Docket No. 05–231, by any of the following methods: • Electronic Filers: Comments may be filed electronically using the Internet by accessing the Commission’s Electronic Comment Filing System (ECFS), through the Commission’s Web site http:// fjallfoss.fcc.gov/ecfs2/. Filers should follow the instructions provided on the Web site for submitting comments. For ECFS filers, in completing the SUMMARY: E:\FR\FM\31DEP1.SGM 31DEP1
[Pages 78755-78768]
[FR Doc No: 2014-30573]
[EPA-R07-OAR-2014-0900; FRL-9921-23-Region 7]
Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans; Attainment
Redesignation for Missouri Portion of the St. Louis MO-IL Area; 1997 8-
Hour Ozone Standard and Associated Maintenance Plan
approve the State of Missouri's request to redesignate the Missouri
portion of the St. Louis MO-IL nonattainment area, the ``St. Louis
area'' or ``area'' to attainment for the 1997 8-hour National Ambient
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS or Standard) for ozone (O3).
The Missouri counties comprising the St. Louis area are Franklin,
Jefferson, St. Charles, and St. Louis along with the City of St. Louis.
In addition to the redesignation request, EPA is proposing to approve a
State Implementation Plan (SIP) revision containing a maintenance plan
for the O3 standard for the Missouri portion of the St.
Louis area. In a separate action published in the Federal Register on
June 12, 2012, EPA has taken final action to address the Illinois
portion of the St. Louis area.
OAR-2014-0900, by one of the following methods:
3. Mail or Hand Delivery or Courier: Ms. Lachala Kemp,
Air and Waste Management Division, 11201 Renner Boulevard, Lenexa,
Kansas 66219.
2014-0900. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included
at http://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Environmental
Boulevard, Lenexa, Kansas 66219. EPA requests that you contact the
schedule your inspection. The interested persons wanting to examine
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Lachala Kemp, Environmental
Boulevard, Lenexa, KS 66219 at (913) 551-7214 or by email at
kemp.lachala@epa.gov.
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we refer to EPA. This section provides
additional information by addressing the following:
EPA is proposing to approve actions related to Missouri's request
to redesignate the St. Louis area to attainment for the 1997 8-hour
ozone standard. Missouri submitted the first request on November 3,
2011, and then supplemented and revised their request on April 29,
2014. In this notice, when EPA refers to Missouri's redesignation
request, we are referring to both the 2011 and 2014 submissions
together unless otherwise specified. Today's proposed actions are
summarized as follows and described in greater detail throughout this
notice of proposed rulemaking. EPA proposes to approve the
redesignation request for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area to
attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, and also proposes
to approve under section 175A of the Clean Air Act (CAA or Act),
Missouri's 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS maintenance plan.
First, EPA proposes to determine that the Missouri portion of the
St. Louis area has met the requirements for redesignation under section
107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. In this action, EPA is proposing to approve a
request to change the legal designation of Franklin, Jefferson, St.
Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis from
nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS.
[[Page 78756]]
Second, EPA is proposing to approve Missouri's 1997 8-hour ozone
(O3) NAAQS maintenance plan for the Missouri portion of the
St. Louis area as meeting the requirements of CAA section 175A (such
status). The maintenance plan is designed to keep the St. Louis area in
attainment of the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS through 2025.
Ground-level ozone is generally not emitted directly by sources.
Rather, directly-emitted oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and
volatile organic compounds (VOC) react in the presence of sunlight to
form ground-level ozone, as a secondary pollutant, along with other
secondary compounds. NOX and VOC are referred to as
precursors of ozone. Reduction of peak ground-level ozone
concentrations is typically achieved through controlling of VOC and
On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a revised 8-hour ozone NAAQS of
0.08 parts per million (ppm) (62 FR 38856). Upon promulgation of a new
or revised NAAQS, the CAA requires EPA to designate as nonattainment
any area that is violating the NAAQS, based on the three most recent
years of ambient air quality data at the conclusion of the designation
process. On April 30, 2004, EPA published a final rule designating and
classifying areas under the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. (69 FR 23857). These
designations became effective on June 15, 2004. EPA designated as
nonattainment any area that was violating the 8-hour ozone NAAQS based
on the three most recent years of air quality data, 2001-2003.
(Both are found in title I, part D, of the CAA; 42 U.S.C. 7501-7509a
and 7511-7511f, respectively.) Subpart 1 contains general requirements
for nonattainment areas for any pollutant, including ozone, governed by
a NAAQS. Subpart 2 provides more specific requirements for ozone
(69 FR 23951, April 30, 2004), an area was classified under subpart 2
subpart 1, based upon their 8-hour design values (69 FR 23958). The St.
Louis area was designated as a subpart 2, 8-hour ozone moderate
nonattainment area by EPA on April 30, 2004 (69 FR 23857, 23898, and
23915), based on air quality monitoring data from 2001-2003 (69 FR
23860). 40 CFR 50.10 and 40 CFR part 50, appendix I provide that the 8-
hour ozone standard is attained when the three-year average of the
annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration
is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm, when rounded. The data completeness
monitoring data is greater than ninety percent, and no single year has
less than seventy five percent data completeness. See 40 CFR part 50,
appendix I, 2.3(d).
In this proposed redesignation, EPA takes into account a number of
decisions and orders of the D.C. Circuit and Supreme Court of the
United States regarding the status of EPA's Cross State Air Pollution
Rule (CSAPR) that impact this proposed redesignation action. The effect
of those court actions on this rulemaking are discussed in detail in
allows for redesignation provided the following criteria are met: (1)
The Administrator determines that the area has attained the applicable
NAAQS, (2) the Administrator has fully approved the applicable
implementation plan for the area under section 110(k), (3) the
Administrator determines that the improvement in air quality is due to
permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from
implementation of the applicable SIP and applicable Federal air
pollutant control regulations and other permanent and enforceable
reductions, (4) the Administrator has fully approved a maintenance plan
for the area as meeting the requirements of section 175A, and (5) the
state containing such area has met all requirements applicable to the
area under section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA.
As stated above, in accordance with the CAA, EPA proposes in
today's action: (1) To redesignate the Missouri portion of the St.
Louis to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS; and (2) to approve
the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area's 1997 8-hour O3
maintenance plan. These actions are based upon EPA's determination that
the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area continues to attain the 1997
8-hour O3 NAAQS and that all other redesignation criteria
have been met for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area. The five
redesignation criteria provided under CAA section 107(d)(3)(E) are
discussed in greater detail for the area in the following paragraphs of
Criteria (1)--The St. Louis Area Has Attained the 1997 8-Hour O3 NAAQS
For redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment, the CAA
requires EPA to determine that the area has attained the applicable
NAAQS (CAA section 107(d)(3)(E)(i)). EPA is proposing to determine that
the St. Louis area is attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS.
For O3, an area may be considered to be attaining the
1997 8-hour ozone if it meets the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, as
determined in accordance with 40 CFR 50.10 and appendix I of part 50,
based on three complete, consecutive calendar years of quality-assured
air quality monitoring data. To attain this NAAQS, the fourth-highest
daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration is less than or equal
to 0.08 ppm. Based on the rounding convention described in 40 CFR part
50, appendix I, the standard is attained if the design value \1\ is
0.084 ppm or below. The relevant data must be collected and quality-
assured in accordance with 40 CFR part 58 and recorded in the EPA Air
Quality System (AQS) database. The monitors generally should have
remained at the same location for the duration of the monitoring period
required for demonstrating attainment.
\1\ The design value is the highest three-year average of the
fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average for all monitors within
On June 9, 2011, EPA determined that the St. Louis area was
attaining the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS (76 FR 33647). In that
action, EPA reviewed O3 monitoring data from monitoring
stations in the area for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS for 2008-
2010. These data have been quality-assured and are recorded in AQS. On
April 30, 2012, at 77 FR 25363, EPA also finalized a determination that
the St. Louis area attained the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS by the
applicable attainment date of June 15, 2010. In addition, EPA has
reviewed more recent data, which indicates that
[[Page 78757]]
the St. Louis area is currently attaining the 1997 8-hour O3
NAAQS. The most recent year available with complete, quality-assured
and certified ambient air monitoring is 2013, during which the area
recorded a three year average O3 concentration of 0.082 ppm.
As summarized in Table 1 below, the 3-year average of annual arithmetic
mean concentrations (i.e., design values) for the years 2010, 2011, and
2013 for the St. Louis area are below the 1997 8-hour O3
Table 1--Design Value Concentrations for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area for the 1997 8-Hour O3 NAAQS
State                         County                  Monitor           AQS site ID  ---------------------------------------------------
2008-2010    2009-2011    2010-2012    2011-2013
Missouri............................  Jefferson.............  Arnold................     29-099-0019        0.072        0.074        0.079        0.076
Missouri............................  St. Charles...........  Orchard Farm..........     29-183-1004        0.074        0.075        0.080        0.078
West Alton............     29-183-1002        0.077        0.079        0.086        0.082
Missouri............................  St. Louis.............  Maryland Heights......     29-189-0014        0.071        0.075        0.082        0.080
Pacific...............     29-189-0005        0.065        0.067         0.07        0.074
Missouri............................  St. Louis City........  Blair Street..........     29-510-0085        0.069        0.071        0.079        0.077
As discussed above, the design value for an area is the 3-year
average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone
concentration recorded at any monitor in the area for a 3-year period.
Therefore, the 3-year design value for the period on which Missouri
based its redesignation request (2008-2010) for the St. Louis area is
0.077 ppm, which meets the NAAQS as described above. Additional details
can be found in EPA's final clean data determination for the St. Louis
area (76 FR 33647, June 9, 2011). EPA has reviewed the most recent data
available, which indicate that the St. Louis area is currently
attaining the 1997 O3 NAAQS beyond the submitted 3-year
attainment period of 2008-2010.\2\ The certified 3-year design value
for 2011-2013 is 0.082 ppm.\3\ As discussed in more detail below, MDNR
has committed to continue monitoring in this area in accordance with 40
CFR part 58.
\2\ The 3 year design value for the 2010-2012 period for the St.
Louis area recorded a violation at 0.086 ppm, but the area has since
come into attainment.
\3\ Under EPA's rounding convention described above, the
standard is attained if the design value is 0.084 ppm or below.
EPA proposes to determine that the data submitted by Missouri, as
well as the data taken from AQS, and additional EPA analysis indicate
that the St. Louis area is attaining the 1997 8-hour O3
Criteria (2)--The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area Has a Fully
Approved SIP Under Section 110(k) and Criteria (5)--the Area Has Met
All Applicable Requirements Under Section 110 and Part D
EPA has determined that Missouri has met all currently applicable
SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for the Missouri portion
of the St. Louis area under section 110 of the CAA (general SIP
requirements). Additionally, EPA has also determined that the Missouri
SIP meets all SIP requirements currently applicable for purposes of
redesignation under part D of title I of the CAA (requirements specific
to moderate nonattainment areas), in accordance with CAA section
107(d)(3)(E)(v). In addition, EPA has determined that the Missouri SIP
has been fully approved with respect to all requirements applicable for
purposes of redesignation in accordance with CAA section
107(d)(3)(E)(ii).
In proposing these determinations, EPA ascertained which
requirements are applicable to the Missouri portion of the St. Louis
area and, if applicable, that they are fully approved under section
110(k) of the CAA. See sections IV. a and b below.
a. The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area Has Met All Applicable
Requirements for Purposes of Redesignation Under Section 110 and Part D
General SIP Requirements. Section 110(a)(2) of title I of the CAA
delineates the general requirements for a SIP, which include
enforceable emissions limitations and other control measures, means, or
techniques; provisions for the establishment and operation of
appropriate devices necessary to collect data on ambient air quality;
and programs to enforce the limitations. General SIP elements and
requirements are delineated in section 110(a)(2) of title I, part A of
the CAA. These requirements include, but are not limited to, the
following: (1) Submittal of a SIP that has been adopted by the state
after reasonable public notice and hearing; (2) provisions for
establishment and operation of appropriate procedures needed to monitor
ambient air quality; (3) implementation of a source permit program;
provisions for the implementation of part C requirements (Prevention of
Significant Deterioration (PSD)); (4) provisions for the implementation
of part D requirements (Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR) permit
programs); (5) provisions for air pollution modeling; and (6)
provisions for public and local agency participation in planning and
emission control rule development.
Section 110(a)(2)(D) requires that SIPs contain certain measures to
quality problems in another state. The section 110(a)(2)(D)
requirements are not linked with a particular nonattainment area's
designation and classification in that state. The transport SIP
Thus, EPA does not believe that the CAA's interstate transport
requirements should be construed to be applicable requirements for
In addition, EPA believes other section 110 elements that are
neither connected with nonattainment plan submissions nor linked with
an area's attainment status are not applicable requirements for
purposes of redesignation. The Missouri portion of the area will still
be subject to these requirements after the area is redesignated. The
section 110 and part D requirements which are linked with a particular
area's designation and classification are the relevant measures to
evaluate in reviewing a redesignation request. This approach is
consistent with EPA's existing policy on applicability of conformity
(i.e., for redesignations) and oxygenated fuels requirements, as well
as with section 184 ozone transport requirements. See Reading,
Pennsylvania, proposed and
[[Page 78758]]
final rulemakings (61 FR 53174-53176, October 10, 1996), (62 FR 24826,
May 7, 1997); Cleveland-Akron-Loraine, Ohio, final rulemaking (61 FR
20458, May 7, 1996); and Tampa, Florida, final rulemaking at (60 FR
62748, December 7, 1995). See also the discussion on this issue in the
Cincinnati, Ohio, redesignation (65 FR 37890, June 19, 2000), and in
the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, redesignation (66 FR 50399, October 19,
Part D Requirements. EPA has determined that Missouri has met all
currently applicable SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for
the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area under part D of the CAA.
Subpart 1 of part D, found in sections 171-179 of the CAA, sets forth
the basic nonattainment requirements applicable to all nonattainment
areas. Subpart 2 of part D, which includes section 182 of the CAA,
establishes additional specific requirements depending on the area's
nonattainment classification.
The St. Louis area was classified as a moderate nonattainment area
under subpart 2, therefore the state must meet the applicable
requirements of both subpart 1 and subpart 2 of part D. The applicable
section 176. The applicable subpart 2 requirements are contained in
sections 182(a) and (b) (marginal and moderate nonattainment area
applicable part D, subpart 1 SIP requirements for all nonattainment
areas are contained in sections 172(c)(1)-(9) and in section 176. A
Subpart 1 Section 172 Requirements: Section 172(c)(1) requires the
plans for all nonattainment areas to provide for the implementation of
all reasonably available control measures(RACM) as expeditiously as
practicable and to provide for the attainment of the national ambient
air quality standards. EPA interprets this requirement to impose a duty
on all nonattainment areas to consider all available control measures
and to adopt and implement such measures as are reasonably available
for implementation in each area as components of the area's attainment
demonstration. Under Section 172, states with nonattainment areas must
submit plans providing for timely attainment and meeting a variety of
other requirements. Section 182 of the CAA, found in subpart 2 of part
D, establishes additional specific requirements depending on the areas
ozone nonattainment classification. For purposes of evaluating this
redesignation request, the applicable part D, subpart 2 SIP
requirements for all moderate nonattainment areas are contained in
section 182 (b)(1) through (5).
EPA's longstanding interpretation of the nonattainment planning
requirements of section 172 is that once an area is attaining the
NAAQS, those requirements are not ``applicable'' for purposes of CAA
section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii) and therefore need not be approved into the
SIP before EPA can redesignate the area. In the 1992 General Preamble
for Implementation of Title I, EPA set forth its interpretation of
applicable requirements for purposes of evaluating redesignation
requests when an area is attaining a standard. See 57 FR 13498, 13564
(April 16, 1992). EPA noted that the requirements for reasonable
further progress and other measures designed to provide for attainment
do not apply in evaluating redesignation requests because those
nonattainment planning requirements ``have no meaning'' for an area
that has already attained the standard. Id. This interpretation was
also set forth in the Calcagni Memorandum (September 4, 1992).\4\ EPA's
understanding of section 172 also forms the basis of its Clean Data
Policy, which was articulated with regard to ozone in 40 CFR 51.918,
and suspends a state's obligation to submit most of the attainment
attainment demonstration and planning SIPs to provide for reasonable
further progress (RFP), RACM, and contingency measures under section
172(c)(9). Courts have upheld EPA's interpretation of section
172(c)(1)'s ``reasonably available'' control measures and control
technology as meaning only those controls that advance attainment,
which precludes the need to require additional measures where an area
is already attaining. NRDC v. EPA, 571 F.3d 1245, 1252 (D.C. Cir.
2009); Sierra Club v. EPA, 294 F.3d 155, 162 (D.C. Cir. 2002); Sierra
Club v. EPA, 314 F.3d 735, 744 (5th Cir. 2002).
\4\ John Calcagni, Director Air Quality Management Division (MD-
15), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. ``Procedures for
Processing Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment'' Memorandum
to EPA Director, Air, Pesticides, and Toxics Management Division,
Regions I and IV, Director, Air and Waste Management Division,
Region II, Director, Air, Radiation and Toxics Division, Region III,
Director, Air and Radiation Division, Region V, Director, Air,
Pesticides, and Toxics Division, Director, Air, and Toxics Division,
Regions VII, VIII, IX, and X, September 4, 1992, (Calcagni
Therefore, because attainment has been determined in the St. Louis
Area, no additional measures are needed to provide for attainment, and
section 172(c)(1) requirements for an attainment demonstration and RACM
are no longer considered to be applicable for purposes of redesignation
as long as the Area continues to attain the standard until
redesignation. The section 172(c)(2) requirement that nonattainment
plans contain provisions promoting reasonable further progress toward
attainment is also not relevant for purposes of redesignation because
EPA has determined that the St. Louis Area has monitored attainment of
the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS. In addition, because the Area has attained
the NAAQS and is no longer subject to an RFP requirement, the
requirement to submit the section 172(c)(9) contingency measures is not
applicable for purposes of redesignation. Section 172(c)(6) requires
the SIP to contain control measures necessary to provide for attainment
of the NAAQS. Because attainment has been reached, no additional
measures are needed to provide for attainment.
Sections 172(c)(3) and 182(b)(1) require submission and approval of
a comprehensive, accurate, and current inventory of actual emissions.
Section 182(b) references section 182(a) of the CAA which requires, in
part, that states submit a current inventory of actual emissions (CAA
Section 182(a)(1)). Missouri submitted a 2002 base-year emissions
inventory on June 16, 2006, and EPA approved the submission on May 31,
2007, as meeting the section 172(c)(3) and section 182(b)(1) emissions
inventory requirement. See 72 FR 30272.
Section 172(c)(4) of the CAA requires the identification and
quantification of allowable emissions for major new and modified
stationary sources in an area, and CAA section 172(c)(5) requires
source permits for the construction and operation of new and modified
major stationary sources anywhere in the nonattainment area. EPA has
determined that, since the PSD requirements will apply after
redesignation, areas being redesignated need not comply with the
requirement that a nonattainment NSR program be approved prior to
redesignation, provided that the area demonstrates maintenance of the
NAAQS without part D NSR. A more detailed rationale for this view is
described in a memorandum from Mary Nichols, Assistant Administrator
for Air and Radiation, dated October 14, 1994, entitled, ``Part D New
Source Review Requirements for Areas Requesting
[[Page 78759]]
Redesignation to Attainment.'' Nevertheless, Missouri currently has an
approved NNSR program and Missouri's approved PSD program for the 1997
8-hour O3 NAAQS will become effective in the Missouri
portion of the St. Louis area upon redesignation to attainment.
Section 172(c)(7) of the CAA requires the SIP to meet the
applicable provisions of CAA section 110(a)(2). As noted previously, we
believe the Missouri SIP meets the requirements of CAA section
110(a)(2) that are applicable for purposes of redesignation.
Subpart 1 Section 176 Conformity Requirements. Section 176(c) of
the CAA requires states to establish criteria and procedures to ensure
that Federally supported or funded projects conform to the air quality
planning goals in the applicable SIP. The requirement to determine
conformity applies to transportation plans, programs, and projects
developed, funded or approved under Title 23 of the United States Code
(U.S.C.) and the Federal Transit Act (transportation conformity) as
well as to all other Federally supported or funded projects (general
conformity). State transportation conformity SIP revisions must be
consistent with Federal conformity regulations relating to
consultation, enforcement and enforceability which EPA promulgated
pursuant to its authority under the CAA. EPA approved the most recent
revisions to the transportation conformity SIP for the Missouri portion
of the St. Louis area on August 29, 2013 (78 FR 53247).
Thus, for purposes of redesignating the Missouri portion of the St.
Louis area to attainment, EPA is proposing that Missouri has satisfied
all applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation for the St.
Louis area under CAA section 110 and part D of title I of the CAA.
Subpart 2 Section 182(a) and (b) Requirements Comprehensive
Emissions Inventory. Section 182(a)(1) requires the submission of a
comprehensive emission inventory. As mentioned above, EPA approved
Missouri's 2002 inventory as meeting the section 182(a)(1)
comprehensive emissions inventory requirement. See 72 FR 30272.
Missouri also submitted a 2008 emissions inventory as the base year as
Emissions Statement. Section 182(a)(3)(B) requires states with
areas designated nonattainment for the ozone NAAQS to submit a SIP
revision to require emissions statements to be submitted to the state
by sources within that nonattainment area. EPA approved Missouri's
emission statement SIP on May 31, 2007 (72 FR 30272).
VOC RACT. Section 182(b)(2) requires states with moderate
nonattainment areas to implement RACT under section 172(c)(1) with
respect to each of the following: (1) All sources covered by a Control
Technology Guideline (CTG) documented issued between November 15, 1990,
and the date of attainment; (2) all sources covered by a CTG issued
prior to November 15, 1990; and, (3) all other major non-CTG stationary
sources. With respect to the first category, EPA issued CTGs for five
source categories in September 2006, three source categories in
September 2007, and five additional source categories in Sept 2008.
Areas classified as moderate and above were required to submit VOC RACT
for the source categories covered by these CTGs, by September 2007,
September 2008, and September 2009, respectively. Missouri submitted a
SIP revision on January 17, 2007, with a supplemental revision on June
1, 2007, and May 8, 2012. EPA approved the VOC RACT rules on January
23, 2012, (77 FR 3144) and January 6, 2014 (79 FR 580).
NOX RACT. Section 182(f) establishes NOX requirements
for ozone nonattainment areas. However, it provides that these
requirements do not apply to an area if the Administrator determines
that NOX reductions would not contribute to attainment of
the NAAQS. On July 21, 2011, EPA approved a request from Missouri to
exempt sources of NOX in the Missouri portion of the St.
Louis area from section 182(f) NOX RACT requirements. See 76
FR 43598. Therefore, the state of Missouri need not have fully approved
NOX control measures under section 182(f) for the Missouri
portion of the St. Louis area to be redesignated to attainment.
Stage II Vapor Recovery. Originally, the section 182(b)(3) Stage II
requirements applied to all moderate ozone nonattainment areas.
However, under section 202(a)(6) of the CAA, 42 U.S.C. 7521(a)(6), the
requirements of section 182(b)(3) no longer apply in moderate ozone
nonattainment areas after EPA promulgated the onboard refueling vapor
recovery standards on April 6, 1994 (59 FR 16262), codified at 40 CFR
parts 86 (including 86.098-8), 88 and 600. Under implementation rules
issued in 2002 for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, EPA retained the Stage
II-related requirements under section 182(b)(3) as they applied for the
now-revoked 1-hour ozone NAAQS. See 40 CFR 51.900(f)(5)and 40 CFR
51.916(a). Therefore, as a moderate ozone nonattainment area for the
1997 standard, the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area is not
subject to the Stage 2 vapor recovery program requirements.
Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance (I/M). Section 182(b)(4) of the
CAA requires states with areas designated nonattainment for the ozone
NAAQS to submit SIPs requiring inspection and maintenance of vehicles
(I/M). EPA approved Missouri's 10 CSR 10-5.380 ``Motor Vehicle
Emissions Inspection'' rule into the Missouri SIP on May 18, 2000 (65
FR 31480), and approved an additional revision on May 12, 2003 (68 FR
25414). Missouri replaced this rule with 10 CSR 10-5.381, ``On-board
Diagnostics Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection'', and has been
implementing the program since 2007. EPA has included in the docket for
this action the TSD for the proposed approval of 10 CSR 10-5.381, which
is being addressed in a separate action. The TSD explains in detail the
projected emissions based on the state-approved I/M program. As
demonstrated in the TSD, emissions have continued to trend downward
since the implementation of this program by the State. The TSD further
explains EPA's basis for proposing approval of 10 CSR 10-5.381 into the
SIP. If EPA receives comments on that proposal and they impact this
redesignation request, EPA will address those comments in relation to
this action as well.\5\
\5\ EPA-R07-OAR-2014-0399.
Louis area to attainment, EPA determines that Missouri has satisfied
all applicable requirements for CAA section 110 and part D of title I
b. The Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area has a Fully Approved
Applicable SIP Under Section 110(k) of the CAA.
EPA has fully approved the state's SIP for the Missouri portion of
the St. Louis area for the 1997 8-hour ozone nonattainment area under
section 110(k) of the CAA for all requirements applicable for purposes
of redesignation. EPA may rely on prior SIP approvals in approving a
redesignation request (see Calcagni Memorandum at p. 3; Southwestern
Pennsylvania Growth Alliance v. Browner, 144 F.3d 984, 989-90 (6th Cir.
1998); Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426(6th Cir. 2001, upholding this
interpretation)) plus any additional measures it may approve in
conjunction with a redesignation action (see 68 FR 25426 (May 12, 2003)
and citations therein). Following passage of the CAA of 1970, Missouri
has adopted and submitted, and EPA has fully approved at various times,
provisions addressing the various SIP elements applicable for the 1997
8-hour ozone NAAQS in the
[[Page 78760]]
St. Louis area (e.g., (72 FR 25975, May 8, 2007) and (76 FR 40619, July
11, 2011)).
Criteria (3)--The Air Quality Improvement Is Due to Permanent and
Other Permanent and Enforceable Reductions (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii)).
For redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment, section
107(d)(3)(E)(iii) of the CAA requires EPA to determine that the air
quality improvement in the area is due to permanent and enforceable
permanent and enforceable reductions. EPA proposes to find that
Missouri has demonstrated that the observed air quality improvement in
the St. Louis area is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in
emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP, Federal measures,
and other state adopted measures discussed below.
In making this demonstration, MDNR has calculated the change in
emissions from a nonattainment year inventory to an attainment year
inventory. For the nonattainment inventory, Missouri developed a 2002
base year emissions inventory. For the attainment inventory, Missouri
developed an inventory for 2008, one of the years the St. Louis area
monitored attainment of the standard. See section b. below for
discussion on development of these inventories. The reduction in
time period can be attributed to a number of permanent and enforceable
regulatory control measures that St. Louis and upwind areas have
The following is a discussion on the permanent and enforceable
measures that have been implemented in the area. Reductions in VOC and
Tier 2 vehicle standards and low-sulfur gasoline. These emission
control requirements result in lower VOC and NOX emissions
from new cars and light duty trucks, including sport utility vehicles.
The Federal rules were phased in between 2004 and 2009. EPA has
estimated that, after phasing in the new requirements, new vehicles
emit less NOX in the following percentages: Passenger cars
(light duty vehicles)--seventy seven percent; light duty trucks,
minivans, and sports utility vehicles--eighty six percent; and larger
sports utility vehicles, vans, and heavier trucks--sixty-nine to
ninety-five percent. VOC emission reductions are expected to range from
12 to 18 percent. EPA expects fleet wide average emissions to decline
by similar percentages as new vehicles replace older vehicles. Some of
these emission reductions occurred by the attainment years (2008-2010)
and additional emission reductions will occur throughout the
Heavy-duty Diesel Engine Rule. On October 6, 2000, EPA promulgated
a rule to reduce NOX and VOC emissions from heavy-duty
gasoline and diesel highway vehicles that began to take effect in 2004
(65 FR 59896). The program should achieve a ninety-five percent
reduction in NOX emission for new engines compared to
existing engines.
Tier 4 Non-Road Diesel Engine Rule. Promulgated in 2004, this rule
is being phased in between 2008 and 2014. This rule will require
stricter emission standards for nonroad diesel engines. When fully
implemented, these rules will reduce NOX emissions by up to
ninety percent. Some of these emission reductions occurred by the
attainment years (2008-2010) and additional emission reductions will
occur throughout the maintenance period.
Nonroad Large spark-ignition engines and recreational engines
standards. The nonroad spark-ignition and recreational engine
standards, effective in July 2003, regulate NOX, and
hydrocarbons from groups of previously unregulated nonroad engines.
These engine standards apply to large spark-ignition engines (e.g.,
forklifts and airport ground service equipment), recreational vehicles
(e.g., off-highway motorcycles and all-terrain-vehicles), and
recreational marine diesel engines sold in the United States and
imported after the effective date of these standards.
When all of the nonroad spark-ignition and recreational engine
standards are fully implemented, an overall seventy-two percent
reduction in hydrocarbons and eighty percent reduction in
NOX, emissions are expected by 2020. These controls will
help reduce ambient concentrations of ozone.
Furthermore, because ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area are
likely impacted by the transport of nitrogen oxides, or transport of
ozone produced downwind from nitrogen oxides, the area's air quality is
likely affected by regulation of NOX emissions from power
plants in other states. EPA promulgated the NOX SIP Call,
Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and CSAPR to address NOX
emissions from large electric generating units (EGUs) and certain non-
EGUs across the eastern United States.
NOX SIP Call. On October 27, 1998 (63 FR 57356), EPA issued the
NOX SIP Call pursuant to the CAA to require 22 states and
the District of Columbia to reduce NOX emissions. Affected
states were required to comply with Phase I of the SIP Call beginning
in 2004, and Phase II beginning in 2007. As part of the NOX
SIP Call, the eastern third of Missouri was required to comply with
Phase II of the program. In response, Missouri developed rules
governing the control of NOX emissions from EGUs, major non-
EGU industrial boilers, major cement kilns, and large internal
combustion engines. EPA approved Missouri's Phase II NOX SIP
Call rules on August 15, 2006 (71 FR 46860). Implementation of the
Phase II rules was projected to result in an eighty-two percent
NOX reduction from 1995 levels. Missouri rules which address
the NOX SIP call include:
10 CSR 10-6.350, Emissions limitations and Emissions
Trading of Oxides of Nitrogen
10 CSR 10-6.360, Controlling NOX Emissions From Electric
Generating Units and Non-Electric Generating Boilers
10 CSR 10-6.380, Control of NOX Emissions From Portland
10 CSR 10-6.390, Control of NOX Emissions From Large
Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) and the Cross State Air Pollution
Rule (CSAPR). The Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) was promulgated in
2005 and required twenty eight eastern states and the District of
Columbia to significantly reduce emissions of SO2 and
NOX from electric generating units (EGUs) in order to limit
the interstate transport of these pollutants and the ozone and fine
particulate matter these pollutants form in the atmosphere. 70 FR 25162
(May 12, 2005). In 2008, the D.C. Circuit initially vacated CAIR and
ordered EPA to replace CAIR in its entirety, North Carolina v. EPA, 531
F.3d 896 (D.C. Cir. 2008), but ultimately remanded the rule to EPA
without vacatur in order to preserve the environmental benefits
provided by CAIR, North Carolina v. EPA, 550 F.3d 1176, 1178 (D.C. Cir.
2008). On August 8, 2011, acting on the
[[Page 78761]]
Court's remand, EPA promulgated CSAPR in order to replace CAIR and
address interstate transport of emissions and the resulting secondary
formation of ozone and fine particulate matter (76 FR 48208).\6\ CSAPR
emissions from EGUs in twenty eight states in the eastern United
States. Implementation of the rule was scheduled to begin on January 1,
2012, when CSAPR's cap-and-trade programs would have superseded the
CAIR cap-and-trade programs. However, numerous parties filed petitions
for review of CSAPR, and on December 30, 2011, the D.C. Circuit issued
an order staying implementation of CSAPR pending resolution of the
petitions for review and directing EPA to continue to administer CAIR.
EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, No. 11-1302 (D.C. Cir. Dec. 30,
2011), ECF No. 1350421 at 2.
\6\ CAIR addressed the 1997 p.m.2.5 annual standard and the 1997
8-hour ozone standard. CSAPR addresses contributions from upwind
states to downwind nonattainment and maintenance of the 2006 24-hour
PM2.5 standard as well as the ozone and PM2.5
NAAQS addressed by CAIR.
On August 21, 2012, the D.C. Circuit issued a decision addressing a
subset of the issues raised by the petitioners which vacated and
remanded CSAPR to the Agency and once again ordered continued
implementation of CAIR. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, 696
F.3d 7, 38 (D.C. Cir. 2012). The D.C. Circuit subsequently denied EPA's
petition for rehearing en banc. EME Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA,
No. 11-1302 (D.C. Cir. Jan. 24, 2013), ECF No. 1417012. EPA and other
parties then petitioned the Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari, and
the Supreme Court granted the petitions on June 24, 2013. EPA v. EME
Homer City Generation, L.P., 133 S. Ct. 2857 (2013).
On April 29, 2014, the Supreme Court reversed the D.C. Circuit's
decision regarding CSAPR and remanded the case back to the D.C. Circuit
for further proceedings consistent with its opinion. EPA v. EME Homer
City Generation, L.P., 134 S. Ct. 1584 (2014). In light of the Supreme
Court decision, EPA filed a motion asking the D.C. Circuit to lift the
stay and toll all deadlines in CSAPR by three years, and on October 23,
2014, the D.C. Circuit granted EPA's motion. EME Homer City Generation,
L.P. v. EPA, No. 11-1302 (D.C. Cir. Oct. 23, 2014), ECF No. 1518738 at
As noted above, CAIR was promulgated in 2005 and incentivized early
reductions from sources in all covered states, including those upwind
of the St. Louis area. On December, 14, 2007, EPA approved Missouri's
CAIR rules into the SIP and the state's CAIR rules became effective in
2009.(72 FR 71073) With regard to the EGUs located in the Missouri
portion of the St. Louis nonattainment area, the requirements in CAIR
were no more stringent than the requirements under the NOX
SIP Call other than the fact that the annual NOX emissions
had to be controlled in addition to ozone season NOX
emissions. The Missouri rule written to comply with the NOX
SIP Call requirements for EGUs was replaced with the CAIR
NOX regulations, 10 CSR 10-6.362, Clean Air Interstate Rule
Annual NOX Trading program and 10 CSR 10-6.364, Clean Air Interstate
Rule Seasonal NOX Trading program, and include limits for non-EGU
boilers, specifically Trigen Units 5 and 6 and Anheuser Busch Unit 6.
However, these three units have all been retired, and received retired
unit exemptions that prohibit these units from operating.
Missouri's redesignation request lists CAIR as a control measure.
CAIR was thus in place and getting emission reductions in Missouri and
in states upwind of Missouri when the St. Louis area began monitoring
attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, and the quality-assured,
certified monitoring data used to demonstrate the area's attainment of
the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS is therefore impacted by CAIR. Furthermore,
because ozone concentrations in the St. Louis area are likely impacted
by the transport of nitrogen oxides, or transport of ozone produced
downwind from nitrogen oxides, the area's air quality is likely
affected by regulation of NOX emissions from power plants in
Table 2 presents statewide NOX EGU emissions data for
the years 2002 and 2008 for the several states that were found to
significantly contribute to ambient ozone concentrations in the St.
Louis area. Emissions for 2008 reflect implementation of CAIR. Table 2
shows that states contributing to the St. Louis area reduced
NOX emissions from EGUs by thirty nine percent between 2002
Table 2--Comparison of 2002, 2008, and 2013 Statewide EGU NOX Emissions Tons Per Year (TPY) for States Impacting the St. Louis Area \7\
State                                                                  Net change  2002-                     Net change  2008-
2002  (tons)       2008  (tons)       2008  (tons)       2013  (tons)       2013  (tons)
AR.......................................................             25,662             21,743             -3,920             22,614                871
IL.......................................................            100,374             57,565            -42,808             29,158            -28,407
IN.......................................................            158,379             94,253            -64,126             59,232            -35,021
KY.......................................................            107,953             69,007            -38,946             47,014            -21,994
MI.......................................................             78,343             57,124            -21,219             38,241            -18,883
MO.......................................................             77,389             48,627            -28,762             42,629             -5,997
MS.......................................................             30,583             27,445             -3,139             14,586            -12,859
OH.......................................................            215,907            102,730           -113,176             49,160            -53,571
TN.......................................................             95,012             38,902            -56,110             14,243            -24,659
Total................................................            889,602            517,396           -372,206            316,877           -200,520
On November 21, 2014, the Administrator signed an action that
published in the Federal Register on December 3, 2014, (79 FR 71163)
amending the regulatory text of CSAPR to reflect the Court's October
23, 2014, order tolling all deadlines in CSAPR by three years,
including provisions governing the sunsetting of CAIR. CAIR will
therefore sunset at the end of 2014 and be replaced by CSAPR beginning
January 1, 2015. Relative to CAIR, CSAPR requires similar or greater
emission reductions from relevant upwind areas starting in 2015 and
[[Page 78762]]
beyond. See Tables 6 through 8 for area emissions inventory projections
that incorporate expected EGU emissions reductions from CSAPR within
Missouri, and Table 9 for EGU emissions projections in states upwind of
the St. Louis area. The emission reductions associated with CAIR that
helped the St. Louis area achieve attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone
NAAQS can therefore be considered permanent and enforceable for
purposes of redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii) of the CAA.
\7\ EPA CAMD quarterly data: ftp://ftp.epa.gov/dmdnload/emissions/daily/quarterly/.
State and Local Measures. Missouri has several other state
regulations that provide permanent and enforceable controls for
NOX and VOC emissions in the St. Louis area. These SIP
approved rules include:
10 CSR 10-5.070 ``Open Burning Restrictions''
10 CSR 10-6.070 ``New Source Performance Regulations''
10 CSR 10-6.075 ``Maximum Achievable Control Technology
Regulations''
10 CSR 10-6.080 ``Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants''
10 CSR 10-5.330 ``Control of Emissions from Industrial
Surface Coating Operations''
10 CSR 10-5.340 ``Control of Emissions from Rotogravure
and Flexographic Printing''
10 CSR 10-5.442 ``Control of Emissions from Lithographic
Printing Operations''
10 CSR 10-5.455 ``Control of Emissions from Solvent
Cleanup Operations''
Reformulated Gasoline (RFG). In July of 1998, Missouri requested
that EPA extend the requirement for sale of RFG to St. Louis, Franklin,
Jefferson, and St. Charles counties and the City of St. Louis in an
effort to address the St. Louis ozone nonattainment area. On March 3,
1999 (64 FR 10366), EPA granted this request with compliance required
by June 1, 1999.
Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program. To meet nonattainment
area requirements for the one-hour ozone standard, Missouri implemented
an inspection and maintenance program beginning in 2000 in the counties
of St. Louis, St. Charles, and Jefferson and the City of St. Louis.
Missouri codified the program through state rule 10 CSR 10-5.380,
``Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspection,'' and EPA approved an additional
revision to this rule on May 12, 2003 (68 FR 25414). The program was
established to address ozone formation and reduce NOX and
VOC emissions in the area. The mobile source emissions inventory
projections used in this demonstration incorporate a new inspection and
maintenance program rule, 10 CSR 10-5.381, which replaces the 10-5.380
rule. The State has implemented 10 CSR 10-5.381 since 2007. EPA has
included in the docket for this action the TSD for the proposed
approval of 10 CSR 10-5.381, which is being proposed for approval in a
separate action.\8\ The TSD explains in detail the projected emissions
based on the state-approved I/M program. As demonstrated in the TSD,
emissions have continued to trend downward since the implementation of
this program by the State. The TSD further explains EPA's basis for
proposing approve of 10 CSR 10-5.381 into the SIP. If EPA receives
comments on that proposal and they impact this redesignation request,
EPA will address those comments in relation to this action as well.
\8\ EPA-R07-OAR-2014-0399.
Missouri is using the 2002 comprehensive emissions inventory
submitted to EPA's National Emissions Inventory (NEI) to meet the
requirement of section 172(c)(3) of the CAA as the nonattainment base
year inventory. MDNR's inventory contains NOX and VOC
emissions for point, area, nonroad and onroad sources and was EPA
approved May 31, 2007, (http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2007-05-31/html/E7-10231.htm).
The St. Louis area attained the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS
based on monitoring data for the 3-year period from 2008-2010. MDNR has
selected 2008 as the attainment emission inventory year. The attainment
inventory identifies a level of NOX and VOC emissions in the
area that is sufficient to attain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS.
Missouri prepared a comprehensive 2008 emissions inventory to use as
the attainment year inventory. Point source ozone season day emissions
were calculated on the Emissions Inventory Questionnaire of actual
emissions or EIQ form 2.0Z, Ozone Season Information. Area ozone season
day emissions were calculated from Emissions Modeling Clearinghouse
(EMCH) temporal allocation profiles that are Source Classification
Codes (SCC)-specific. Ozone season day emissions are typical of a
Tuesday in July. Nonroad emissions were generated using EPA's NONROAD
model and onroad attainment year inventories originated from EPA's
mobile model, Mobile6.2. For more information on EPA's analysis of the
2002 and 2008 emissions inventory, see EPA's TSD dated October 28,
2014, or appendix A, B, and E of the state submittal, available on line
at www.regulations.gov, Docket ID No. EPA-OAR-R07-2014-0900.
Using the inventories described above Missouri has documented
changes in emissions from 2002 to 2008 for the St. Louis area as shown
in tables below. Table 5 demonstrates that the entire St. Louis area
has reduced emissions during the period except as described below.
Table 3--2002 VOC and NOX Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St.
Louis Nonattainment Area Tons Per Day
Source category                  VOC                NOX
Point Sources.....................               32.7              127.2
Area Sources......................               71.3               19.4
On-Road Mobile Sources............               68.1              159.0
Non-Road Mobile Sources...........               47.0               60.7
Totals........................              219.1              366.3
[[Page 78763]]
Table 4--2008 VOC and NOX Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St.
Louis Nonattainment Area
Point Sources.....................               18.0               88.8
Area Sources......................               99.5                6.5
On-Road Mobile Sources............               57.9               96.2
Non-Road Mobile Sources...........               45.2               53.6
Totals........................              220.5              245.2
Table 5--Comparison of 2002 and 2008 VOC and NOX Emissions for the
Missouri Side of the St. Louis Nonattainment Area
Point Sources.....................              -14.7              -38.4
Area Sources......................              +28.2              -12.9
On-Road Mobile Sources............              -10.2              -68.2
Non-Road Mobile Sources...........               -1.8               -7.1
Totals........................               +1.4             -121.1
* Note: A negative value indicates a projected decrease in emissions
from 2008 to 2025.
A positive value indicates a projected increase in emissions from 2008
As indicated in the table 5, NOX emissions decreased by
121 tpd which is a thirty three percent reduction. Total VOC emissions
remained relatively stable with a slight increase of less than one
percent or 1.4 tpd. MDNR determined that the VOC increase is due to a
change in the reporting of small, non-Title-V-permitted sources from
the point category in 2002 to the nonpoint category in 2008, as well as
numerous changes in the area source estimation methodologies and
emission factors. The substantial reduction in NOX emissions
between 2002 and 2008, along with other regional controls have resulted
in the improved monitored ground-level ozone concentrations in the St.
Louis nonattainment area attributable to the 1997 ozone NAAQS
Based on the information summarized above, and information provided
in EPA's technical support document, which is a part of this docket,
Missouri has adequately demonstrated that the improvement in air
quality is due to permanent and enforceable emissions reductions.
Criteria (4)--The Area Has a Fully Approved Maintenance Plan Pursuant
to Section 175A of the CAA (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iv))
In conjunction with its request to redesignate the St. Louis area
to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, MDNR submitted a
SIP revision on November 1, 2011, supplemented on April 29, 2014, and
further clarified on September 17, 2014, to provide for the maintenance
of the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS for at least ten years after the
effective date of redesignation to attainment. EPA believes this
maintenance plan meets the requirements for approval under section 175A
Section 175A of the CAA sets forth the elements of a maintenance
plan for areas seeking redesignation from nonattainment to attainment.
Under section 175A, the plan must demonstrate continued attainment of
the applicable NAAQS for at least ten years after the Administrator
approves a redesignation to attainment. Eight years after the
redesignation, MDNR must submit a revised maintenance plan
demonstrating that attainment will continue to be maintained for the
ten years following the initial ten-year period, if applicable. To
address the possibility of future NAAQS violations, the maintenance
plan must contain such contingency measures, as EPA deems necessary, to
assure prompt correction of any future 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS
violations. The Calcagni Memorandum provides further guidance on the
content of a maintenance plan, explaining that a maintenance plan
should address five requirements: (1) The attainment emissions
inventory, (2) a maintenance demonstration, (3) a commitment to
maintain the existing monitoring network, (4) verification of continued
attainment, and (5) a contingency plan to plan or prevent or correct
future violations. As discussed below, EPA is proposing that MDNR's
maintenance plan includes all the necessary components and is thus
proposing to approve it as a revision to the Missouri SIP.
As discussed previously, the 2008 inventory used for the year of
attainment is called the Attainment Year Inventory. It is also referred
to as the Maintenance Plan Base Year Inventory and becomes the
inventory future years will be compared to in order to show
maintenance. However, MDNR created a different 2008 onroad inventory
for the comparison to future years in the maintenance plan. As
explained previously, for the 2008 onroad attainment inventory, MDNR
used NEI data which was developed using Mobile6.2 to compare with the
2002 nonattainment base year. A second 2008 onroad inventory was
developed utilizing MOVES to establish a maintenance base year for
comparison to the future 2017 and 2025 MOVES based future year
inventories. This allows for a smooth transition to the updated model
and to prevent comparing a MOVES version of 2008 attainment year with
the MOBILE6 version of the 2002 nonattainment base year inventory.
Therefore, the 2008 onroad mobile source inventory used for supporting
maintenance was developed using the most current version of EPA's
highway mobile source emissions model MOVES2010a.
[[Page 78764]]
Emissions projections to support maintenance through 2025 have been
prepared for the years 2017 and 2025, which is at the ten-year interval
required in section 175(A) of the CAA.
EPA has reviewed the documentation provided by MDNR and found the
emissions inventory to be acceptable. For more information on EPA's
analysis of the 2008 emissions inventory, see EPA's TSD dated October
28, 2014, or appendix B and E of the state submittal, available on line
Section 175A requires a state seeking redesignation to attainment
to submit a SIP revision to provide for the maintenance of the NAAQS in
the Area ``for at least 10 years after the redesignation.'' EPA has
interpreted this as a showing of maintenance ``for a period of ten
years following redesignation.'' Calcagni Memorandum, p. 9. Where the
emissions inventory method of showing maintenance is used, the purpose
is to show that emissions during the maintenance period will not
increase over the attainment year inventory. Calcagni Memorandum, pp.
As discussed in detail in the subsection below, Missouri's
maintenance plan submission demonstrates that the area's emissions
inventories will remain below the attainment year inventories through
2025. For a demonstration of maintenance, emissions inventories are
required to be projected to future dates to assess the influence of
future growth and controls; however, the maintenance demonstration need
not be based on air quality modeling. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426
(6th Cir.2001); Sierra Club v. EPA, 375 F. 3d 537 [(7th Cir.2004)]. See
also 66 FR 53099-53100; 68 FR 25430-25432. MDNR uses projection
inventories to show that the area will remain in attainment. MDNR
developed projection inventories for an interim year of 2017 and a
maintenance plan end year of 2025 to show that future emissions of
NOX and VOC will remain at or below the attainment year 2008
emissions levels in the St. Louis area through the year 2025. In light
of more recent information on CSAPR, Missouri submitted on September
17, 2014, a revision that updated their future year projections for EGU
facilities using the presumption that CSAPR will be in place to control
emissions from sources. Non-EGU Point source and nonpoint sources were
developed using growth factors created from the EGAS model (http://www.epa.gov/ttnecas1/egas5.htm) using economic growth projections from
the Policy Insight[supreg] Model for Regional Economic Model, Inc.
(REMI) to project the future year inventory. EPA's Nonroad Model and
EPA's onroad mobile model, MOVES, were utilized to project mobile
source future inventories.
methodologies acceptable. Tables 6 and 7 below show the inventories for
the 2008 attainment year, 2017 interim year, and the 2025 maintenance
plan end year for the Missouri portion of the area.
Table 6--Actual and Projected Annual NOX Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area
Source category                             2008               2017               2025
Point Sources..........................................              88.84              87.01              89.81
Area Sources...........................................               6.52               6.68               6.85
On-Road Mobile Sources.................................             160.38              62.32              41.66
Off-Road Mobile Sources................................              60.85              35.53              29.44
Totals.............................................             316.59             191.54             167.76
Table 7--Actual and Projected Annual VOC Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area
Point Sources..........................................               18.0              22.82              28.01
Area Sources...........................................              98.74             115.85             130.91
On-Road Mobile Sources.................................              58.53              27.51              20.15
Off-Road Mobile Sources................................              46.44              28.88              28.17
Totals.............................................             221.71             195.06             207.24
Table 8--Comparison of 2008 and 2025 NOX and VOC Emissions for the Missouri Portion of the St. Louis Area
Source category                              NOX                VOC
Point Sources............................................              +0.97             +10.01
Area Sources.............................................              +0.33             +31.44
On-Road Mobile Sources...................................            -119.59             -40.71
Off-Road Mobile Sources..................................             -24.17             -16.99
Totals...............................................            -148.83             -14.47
* Note: A negative value indicates a projected decrease in emissions from 2008 to 2025.
[[Page 78765]]
Table 8 above shows between 2008 and 2025, the area is projected to
reduce NOX emissions by 148.83 tpd, and VOC emissions by
14.47 tpd. Thus, the projected emissions inventories show that the area
will continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS during
the 10 year maintenance period.
As discussed in detail above, the state's maintenance plan
submission demonstrates that the area's emission inventories will
remain below the attainment year inventories through at least 2025. In
addition, for the reasons set forth below, EPA believes that the
state's submission, in conjunction with additional supporting
information, further demonstrates that the area will continue to
maintain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS at least through 2025.
Maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O3 standard in the area
is a function of regional as well as local emissions trends. The
regional impacts are dominated by the impacts of NOX
emissions. As discussed above, CAIR resulted in substantial
NOX emission reductions for the area, and beginning in 2015,
CSAPR will replace CAIR. CSAPR establishes emissions budgets for the
total emissions that may be emitted annually from EGUs in each covered
state.\9\ Table 9 below shows that for states significantly
contributing to ozone concentrations that actual EGU emissions in 2013
under CAIR, as well as Phase I budgets and Phase II assurance levels
under CSAPR, are well below the level of actual EGU emissions in those
same states during the attainment year of 2008. EPA therefore believes
that with CSAPR in place, regional emissions will not affect
maintenance of the 1997 8-hour ozone standard for the St. Louis area.
\9\ CSAPR's assurance provisions and associated penalties will
take effect January 1, 2017. See EPA interim final rule published
December 3, 2014 79 FR 71663. EPA does not expect states' emissions
under CSAPR's Phase 1 budgets, which will apply in 2015 and 2016, to
exceed what would have been their Phase 1 assurance levels under
CSAPR's originally planned implementation schedule, because in the
aggregate, state emissions are already meeting the Phase 1 budgets.
See EPA Motion to Lift the Stay Entered on December 30, 2011, EME
Homer City Generation, L.P. v. EPA, Case No. 11-1302 (filed June 26,
2014), ECF No. 1499505, Attachment at 9-15. See also 77 FR 10324,
10330-32 (February 21, 2012) (discussing EPA's rationale for
revising effective date of assurance provisions).
Table 9--Comparison of 2008 and 2013 Statewide EGU Ozone Season NOX Emissions with CSAPR 2015 Phase I Budget and
2017 Phase II Assurance Levels (TPY) From States That Impact the St. Louis Area \10\
CSAPR 2017  Phase
State                  Attainment year          2013        CSAPR 2015  Phase    II  assurance
2008                               I  budget            level
AR..................................             21,743             22,614             15,110             18,283
IL..................................             57,565             29,158             21,208             21,662
IN..................................             94,253             59,232             46,876             55,872
KY..................................             69,007             47,014             36,167             39,536
MI..................................             57,124             38,241             28,041             32,536
MO..................................             48,627             42,629             22,788             25,530
MS..................................             27,445             14,586             12,429             15,039
OH..................................            102,730             49,160             41,284             47,206
TN..................................             38,902             14,243             14,908              9,699
EPA's proposed approval is based on a showing, in accordance with
CAA section 175A, that Missouri's submittal demonstrates that the area
can maintain through 2025.
\10\ http://www.epa.gov/airtransport/CSAPR/pdfs/OzoneSeasonNOx.xls.
There is an extensive monitoring network measuring O3 in
the St. Louis area. MDNR has committed to continue operation of the
network in the area in compliance with 40 CFR part 58 and have thus
addressed the requirement for monitoring. EPA approved Missouri's 2013
monitoring plan on November 22, 2013. http://www.epa.gov/region7/air/quality/quality.htm.
MDNR has the legal authority to enforce and implement the
requirements of the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area 1997 8-hour
O3 maintenance plan. This includes the authority to adopt,
implement and enforce any subsequent emissions control contingency
measures determined to be necessary to correct future O3
attainment problems.
MDNR will track the progress of the maintenance plan by performing
future reviews of triennial emission inventories for the St. Louis area
as required in the Air Emissions Reporting Rule (AERR). For these
periodic inventories, MDNR will review the assumptions made for the
purpose of the maintenance demonstration concerning projected growth of
Section 175A of the CAA requires that a maintenance plan include
such contingency measures as EPA deems necessary to assure that the
state will promptly correct a violation of the NAAQS that occurs after
redesignation. The maintenance plan should identify the contingency
measures to be adopted, a schedule and procedure for adoption and
implementation, and a time limit for action by the state. A state
should also identify specific indicators to be used to determine when
the contingency measures need to be implemented. The maintenance plan
must include a requirement that a state will implement all measures
with respect to control of the pollutant that were contained in the SIP
before redesignation of the area to attainment in accordance with
section 175A(d).
The contingency plan included in the submittal includes a
triggering mechanism to determine when contingency measures are needed
and a process of developing and implementing appropriate control
measures. MDNR will use actual ambient monitoring data as the
triggering event to determine when contingency measures should be
Missouri has identified two different levels of corrective
responses should the 8-hour O3 level exceed the NAAQS in any
year. A level I trigger occurs when the fourth highest 8-hour ozone
concentration exceeds 84 ppb in any year at any monitoring station in
the nonattainment area as described in the state's submittal for the
MDNR will evaluate a level I condition, if it occurs, as
expeditiously as practicable to determine the causes of
[[Page 78766]]
the ambient O3 increase. If adverse emission trends are
likely to continue, MDNR will first evaluate and subsequently adopt and
implement control measures, taking into consideration the ease of
implementation and the technical and economic feasibility of selected
measures, as outlined in the state's plan no later than twenty four
months after quality-assured ambient data has been entered into EPA's
AQS database indicating a level I trigger.
A level II trigger is activated when any violation of the 8-hour
O3 NAAQS at any Federal reference method monitor in the St.
Louis maintenance area is recorded, based on quality-assured monitoring
data. In this event, MDNR will conduct a comprehensive study to
determine the cause of the violation within six months of the
triggering event. Selected measures will be implemented as
expeditiously as practicable, taking into consideration the ease of
AQS database indicating a level II trigger.
The comprehensive measures will be selected from the following
types of measures, as further detailed in the state's submission, or
from any other measure deemed appropriate and effective at the time the
selection is made by MDNR:
Controls for local individual sources with significant
effects on the monitored violation;
Revisions to current rules that control NOX and
VOC emissions such as lowering limits and applicability thresholds of
current rules; and
Establishing new rules that control NOX and VOC
In addition to the triggers indicated above, Missouri commits to
compiling and monitoring O3 inventories for the Missouri
portion of the area every three years throughout the duration of the
maintenance period to facilitate the emissions trends analysis included
in the contingency plan under levels I and II.
EPA has concluded that the maintenance plan adequately addresses
the five basic components of a maintenance plan: Attainment emission
inventory, maintenance demonstration, monitoring network, verification
of continued attainment, and a contingency plan. Therefore, EPA
proposes to find that the maintenance plan SIP revision submitted by
MDNR for the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area meets the
requirements of section 175A of the CAA and is approvable.
Generally, maintenance plans establish motor vehicle emissions
budgets for the last year of the maintenance plan, at a minimum (40 CFR
93.118(b)(2)(i)). However, Missouri did not include motor vehicle
emissions budgets for the last year of this maintenance plan because
EPA revoked the 1997 ozone NAAQS for transportation conformity purposes
on May 21, 2012 and, therefore, the area is not required to demonstrate
conformity for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. (77 FR 30167) EPA notes that
Missouri has submitted motor vehicle emissions budgets for the 2008
ozone NAAQS. Those budgets will become applicable when either EPA
completes the adequacy process that was started on October 4, 2013, or
approves these budgets, whichever occurs earlier.
In addition, the state submission has met the public notice
requirements for SIP submissions in accordance with 40 CFR 51.102. The
submission also satisfied the completeness criteria of 40 CFR part 51,
appendix V. As explained above and in more detail in the technical
support document which is part of this document, the revision meets the
EPA is proposing several actions regarding the area's redesignation
and maintenance of the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS. We are
processing this as a proposed action because we are soliciting
comments. First, EPA is proposing to determine, based on complete,
quality-assured and certified monitoring data for the 2008-2010
monitoring period, and after review of all available data in AQS, that
NAAQS. EPA is also proposing to determine that the St. Louis area has
met the criteria under CAA section 107(d)(3)(E) for redesignation from
nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, as
discussed in more detail above in section IV. Therefore, EPA is
proposing to approve Missouri's request to redesignate the St. Louis
Area and change the legal designation of Franklin, Jefferson, St.
nonattainment to attainment for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
Second, EPA is proposing to approve the maintenance plan for the
St. Louis area. The maintenance plan demonstrates that the area will
continue to maintain the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS.
If finalized, approval of the redesignation request would change
the official designation of the Missouri portion of the St. Louis area
for the 1997 8-hour O3 NAAQS, found at 40 CFR part 81, from
nonattainment to attainment.
January 21, 2011). This action is also not subject to Executive Order
Accordingly, the Administrator certifies that this rulemaking will not
Because this rulemaking would approve pre-existing requirements under
state law and does not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond
that required by state law, it does not contain any unfunded mandate or
This rulemaking also does not have tribal implications because it
will not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes,
Federal Government and Indian tribes, as specified by Executive Order
13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This action also does not have
Federalism implications because it does not have substantial direct
in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). Thus Executive
Order 13132 does not apply to this action. This action merely approves
a state rule implementing a Federal standard, and does not alter the
established in the CAA. This rulemaking also is not subject to
[[Page 78767]]
Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) because
it approves a state rule implementing a Federal standard.
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this proposed rule
and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of
the appropriate circuit by March 2, 2015. Filing a petition for
reconsideration by the Administrator of this proposed rule does not
affect the finality of this rulemaking for the purposes of judicial
future rule or action.
Protection Agency proposes to amend 40 CFR parts 52 and 81 as set forth
2. Section 52.1342 is amended by adding paragraph (c) to read as
Sec.  52.1342  Control strategy: Ozone.
(c) On November 3, 2011, and April 29, 2014, Missouri submitted
requests to redesignate the Missouri portion of the St. Louis MO-IL
area to attainment of the 1997 8-hour ozone standard. The Missouri
portion of the St. Louis MO-IL area includes Jefferson, Franklin, St.
Charles, and St. Louis Counties along with the City of St. Louis. As
part of the redesignation request, the State submitted a plan for
maintaining the 1997 8-hour ozone standard through 2025 in the area as
required by Section 175A of the Clean Air Act.
4. Section 81.326 is amended by revising the entry for St. Louis MO-IL
in the table entitled ``Missouri--1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Primary and
Secondary)'' to read as follows:
Sec.  81.326  Missouri.
Missouri--1997 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS
Designation \a\                   Category/classification
Designated area           ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date \1\             Type             Date \1\             Type
Franklin County.................  ............  Attainment............
Jefferson County................  ............  Attainment............
St. Charles County..............  ............  Attainment............
St. Louis City..................  ............  Attainment............
St. Louis County................  ............  Attainment............
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