Source: https://m.openjurist.org/412/f2d/720
Timestamp: 2019-11-21 06:47:57
Document Index: 569892403

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 4205', '§ 2', '§ 4205', '§ 2', '§ 4205', '§ 4164']

412 F2d 720 Moore v. P G Smith U S | OpenJurist
412 F. 2d 720 - Moore v. P G Smith U S
412 F2d 720 Moore v. P G Smith U S
412 F.2d 720
Frederick K. MOORE, Petitioner-Appellant,
P. G. SMITH, Warden, U. S. Penitentiary, Terre Haute, Indiana, et al., Respondents-Appellees.
Even if we were to agree that the period during which petitioner was free on bond pending disposition of the 1965 charges should be counted in determining whether the maximum term of his 1959 sentences had expired, it is clear that upon his return to the Cuyahoga County jail on March 31, 1966, he was incarcerated by reason of the intervening 1965 offense and not by reason of the violation of the terms of his release from the earlier sentences. The effect of such incarceration was to toll the running of the maximum term of the 1959 sentences. Zerbst v. Kidwell, 304 U.S. 359, 58 S.Ct. 872, 82 L.Ed. 1399. This rule is reinforced by 18 U. S.C. § 4205, which makes clear that the unexpired term of imprisonment of a mandatory release violator runs from the date he is returned to the custody of the Attorney General "under said warrant." Here the petitioner was not deprived of his liberty by reason of the violator's warrant until the warrant was executed upon the expiration of the intervening prison term.
"Unless a parole violator can be required to serve some time sometime in addition to that imposed for an offense committed while on parole, he not only escapes punishment for the unexpired portion of his original sentence, but the disciplinary power of the Board will be practically nullified." Zerbst v. Kidwell, 304 U.S. 359, 363, 58 S.Ct. 872, 874, 82 L.Ed. 1399.
In any event, such questions of reduction of sentence were for the sentencing court rather than for court in which habeas corpus is sought. See Mock v. United States Board of Parole, 120 U.S.App.D.C. 248, 345 F.2d 737, 739 (1965). The record reveals no attempt by petitioner to bring the existence of the warrant to the attention of the sentencing court by way of a motion for reduction of sentence, and if such a motion was made, that would in itself undercut petitioner's claim of prejudice. In addition, the Regulations clearly provide that upon the lodging of a detainer the prisoner shall be advised that he may communicate with the Board relative to the disposition of the warrant. 28 C.F.R. § 2.37(c). In view of the pleas of guilty which petitioner entered to the 1965 charges, he is not in the position of the petitioners in Hyser v. Reed, 115 U.S.App.D.C. 254, 318 F.2d 225 (1963) (en banc), certiorari denied, Jamison v. Chappell, 375 U.S. 957, 84 S. Ct. 447, 11 L.Ed.2d 316, who were charged with unspecified parole violations other than crimes and complained of the absence of an opportunity to receive a hearing on the nature and truth of the charges before being returned to prison. Petitioner cannot sleep on his administrative remedies for fear that he has no case and then claim prejudice by reason of the passage of time. No claim is made here that upon execution of the warrant the Parole Board did not promptly convene a hearing on the revocation of petitioner's release.
Relying on Hyser v. Reed, 115 U.S. App.D.C. 254, 318 F.2d 225 (1963) (en banc), certiorari denied, Jamison v. Chappell, 375 U.S. 957, 84 S.Ct. 447, 11 L.Ed.2d 316, petitioner next argues that the warrant was invalid on its face for want of a specific statement of the facts which formed the basis for its issuance. Of course, as the district court noted, the obvious reason for the issuance of the warrant was petitioner's arrest two weeks beforehand for a fresh violation of the statute prohibiting transportation of counterfeit securities. Petitioner asserts that the validity of the warrant must be judged as of the time it was issued and cannot be sustained by reference to the fact that petitioner subsequently pled guilty to the crimes for which he was arrested. This argument was rejected by this Court in Starnes v. Markley, 343 F.2d 535 (7th Cir. 1965), certiorari denied, 382 U.S. 908, 86 S.Ct. 246, 15 L.Ed.2d 160, where parole violations other than crimes were admitted by the petitioner after the warrant had been issued and executed. The Court noted that the requirement in Hyser v. Reed, that the warrant contain a statement of the basis for its issuance would not apply strictly to situations where the violations were admitted or evidenced by a criminal conviction. See Mock v. United States Board of Parole, 120 U.S.App. D.C. 248, 345 F.2d 737, 738 (1965).
Petitioner's remaining contention that 18 U.S.C. § 4205 is unconstitutional insofar as it requires him to reserve the time spent on release was previously rejected by this Court in Dolan v. Swope, 138 F.2d 301 (7th Cir. 1943), and we see no reason or intervening change in the law requiring us to depart therefrom. See Weathers v. Willingham, 356 F.2d 421 (10th Cir. 1966); O'Callahan v. Attorney General of United States, 351 F.2d 43 (1st Cir. 1965) (per curiam), certiorari denied, 382 U.S. 1017, 86 S.Ct. 632, 15 L.Ed.2d 531.
See Shelton v. United States Board of Parole, 128 U.S.App.D.C. 311, 388 F.2d 567, 570-571 (1967); Castillo v. United States, 391 F.2d 710 (2 Cir. 1968); Stockton v. Massey, 34 F.2d 96 (4th Cir. 1929); Tirado v. Blackwell, 379 F.2d 619 (5th Cir. 1967), certiorari denied, 390 U. S. 992, 88 S.Ct. 1186, 19 L.Ed.2d 1301; United States ex rel. Jacobs v. Barc, 141 F.2d 480 (6th Cir. 1944), certiorari denied, 322 U.S. 751, 64 S.Ct. 1262, 88 L. Ed. 1581; Hash v. Henderson, 385 F.2d 475 (8th Cir. 1967); Schiffman v. Wilkinson, 216 F.2d 589 (9th Cir. 1954), certiorari denied, 348 U.S. 916, 75 S.Ct. 299, 99 L.Ed. 719; Robinson v. Willingham, 369 F.2d 688 (10th Cir. 1966). Consistently with these cases, the Parole Board, as here, may follow the procedure of lodging a detainer and executing the warrant after the expiration of the new sentence being served by the prisoner. See Mock v. United States Board of Parole, 345 F.2d 737, 739 (1965), and 28 C.F.R. §§ 2.37 and 2.38. Taylor v. Simpson, 292 F.2d 698 (10th Cir. 1961), on which petitioner relies, does not require early execution of the warrant
This date accords with the petitioner's contention that by virtue of 18 U.S.C. § 4205, read in conjunction with 18 U.S.C. § 4164, the Board of Parole has no jurisdiction to issue a violator's warrant during the last 180 days of the mandatory release period. This view was accepted in Birch v. Anderson, 123 U.S.App.D.C. 153, 120 U.S.App.D.C. 248, 358 F.2d 520 (1965), and rejected in Schiffman v. Wilkinson, 216 F.2d 589 (9th Cir. 1954), certiorari denied, 348 U.S. 916, 75 S.Ct. 299, 99 L.Ed. 719. In view of the fact that the warrant in the present case was issued more than 180 days prior to the expiration of the maximum 1959 sentences and our holding that incarceration for the 1965 offense tolled the running of the period during which the warrant could be executed, we need not intimate any view on this conflict of authority. See Castillo v. United States, 391 F.2d 710, 711, note 3 (2d Cir. 1968)