Source: https://www.worksafebc.com/en/law-policy/occupational-health-safety/searchable-ohs-regulation/wcb-standards/wcb-standards
Timestamp: 2017-03-25 07:40:19
Document Index: 414866710

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 3', '§ 3', '§ 3', '§ 3', '§4', '§2']

Schedule 4-A WorkSafeBC Standard — Guardrails Using Rope or Other Non-rigid Material
WCB Standard: PPE 1 — 1997 Leg Protective Devices
* Only applies to leg protection devices manufactured prior to February 1, 2011.
Applies to leg protection devices manufactured after February 1, 2011.
* Only applies to platforms built prior to April 1998
Schedule 14-A WorkSafeBC Standard 14.116 Chimney Hoists
WCB Standard: PPE 14.1 Leg Protection For Chain Saw Users (Agricultural Operations only) Application of G600 Series of Standards
This standard is supplemented by the following: 1.2.1 G602 WCB Standard for Log Loader and Log Yarder Raised Cabs 1.2.2 G603 WCB Standard for Log Loader and Log Yarder Operator's Cab Window Guards
This standard is intended to describe the minimum requirements for the design
and fabrication of grid elements, framework and supports for guards over exposed
fronts and sides of operators' cabs. 1.4. Terminology and Illustration
1.4.2 Illustrations attached are shown to clarify the terminology used and are not to be construed as model designs
2. Design Principles and Assumptions
The following points are outlined to clarify the underlying principles and assumptions
of this Standard. 2.1.
The recommended design force will not necessarily duplicate the force imparted
by an actual intruding log. 2.3.
It is assumed that if the Backstop can resist a certain static force, then it
will have adequate resistance to a relative dynamic force. 2.4.
A recommended impact strength requirement is included to ensure that all component
members of the Backstop will have adequate resistance to brittle fracture at
low ambient temperature. 2.5.
A visibility requirement is stipulated to ensure that the operator's vision
will not be unduly obstructed. 2.6.
Compliance with the design criteria may be achieved by adhering to the design
requirements given in Clauses 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 or by adhering to the recommended
minimum sizes in Clause 4. 3. Design Requirements
The framework shall be secured to the Main Frame or other substructure. Such substructure shall be adequately designed and constructed to resist all loads imposed on them by the Backstop. 3.1.4 Fastenings If nuts and bolts are used in the fabrication of the Backstop, they shall conform
to or exceed the ASTM Designation A325 requirements. 3.1.5 Weldment Weldments shall conform to applicable sections of General Specification for
welding of Steel Structures CSA W59.1-1970 (or latest version thereof) and should be performed by certified welders only. 3.2. Impact Strength Requirement
All members of the guard shall be fabricated of material with good impact absorbing
properties. The following guideline may be used: Low Carbon content (less than 0.28 %). High Manganese - carbon ratio. Low phosphorous content. Fine grain size. Heat Treated. High ultimate energy resistance. Examples of steel meeting or exceeding the above requirements: ASTM A36, CSA G40.21 33G, 44W - for plates, bars and angles. CSA G40.21 50W - for HSS 3.3. Visibility Requirements Minimum interference with operator's visibility shall be one of the governing
criteria in the design and positioning of the vertical members of the guard.
If flat bars are used as grid elements, they should be in a radiating pattern
in line with the operator's line of sight. Each grid opening shall not be greater
than 400 cm2 (64 in2). 3.4. Location Backstops shall be installed in front of all sides exposed to collisions with
run away or sliding logs. All Backstops shall be positioned at least 10 cm (4
in) (20 cm (8 in) for wire rope Backstops) away from the glazed windows and
exterior faces of the cab. 4. Structural Details Guidelines
The following recommendation may be used in lieu of Clause 3.1.1 and Clause
3.1.2. 4.1.
Minimum Minor Grid Element size shall be 1 inch diameter mild steel rods or
equivalent. 4.2.
Gusset plates shall be incorporated where the length of the edge beam exceeds
three feet. 5. Design Aid 5.1. Equivalent Strength Table Grid Element
1/2 x 4 steel flat bar
5.2. Typical Design Overall Dimension 50" x 98" (See Appendix "B") X-Section Size Grid Element
1" diameter ASTM A36 rod
1/2 x 4 ASTM A36 flat bar
7 x 5 x .2500 HSS
CSA G40.21 (40.16 and 40.17)
* Wire Rope may be considered as equivalent provided they are adequately anchored
and tensioned. (See illustration attached.) Materials with equal or superior properties may be use in place of those stipulated
OPS Mounting problems have been frequently encountered in retrofitting older
log loaders. The lack of sound substructure makes it very difficult to anchor
or fasten the OPS adequately. Quite often, the main frame consists only of the
turntable bearing mounts. The existing cab substructure is usually too light
to permit any significant load transfer to the main frame. The recommended practice
which follows summarizes methods to comply with G601 when conventional mounting
methods are not feasible. 1.2. Scope and Limits
This recommended practice is directed mainly at track or rubber wheel mounted
long crane boom log decking grapple loader engaged in operations such as dewatering
where there is a limited hazard from intrusion of debris, logs or other foreign
objects into the raised cab from the sides and rear. Side and rear guards are mandatory whenever the loader or yarder is operating
at dry land sorting areas, landings or in proximity to other yarders, standing
trees, rock bluffs, etc. The recommendations herein are not applicable to loaders or yarders equipped
with a short boom, i.e. where normal operating radius would be less than 12
M (40 feet) or where the boom angle has to be changed constantly. 1.3. Purpose
This recommended practice is intended to describe the minimum requirements for
the design and fabrication of grid elements, framework and supports for guards
over exposed fronts of operators cab when all of the above-mentioned conditions
have been considered. 1.4. General
The following recommended methods and materials are inferior to those of G601
Appendix A and B. Every effort should be made to comply with G601 Appendix A
and B. Appendix C should be used only as a last resort. The backstop may be
welded to the crane boom, however such weldment shall be performed by certified
welders only and the crane boom shall be recertified by a registered professional
engineer whether any actual modifications have been made to the crane boom or
not. 2. Design Requirement 2.1. Static Strength Requirements
Grid element dimensions and fabrication shall be designed to withstand a minimum
distributed area ultimate load of 1.2 MPa (2500 psf) applied over an area of
0.65 sq.m. (7.0 sq.ft.), equivalent to a 0.92 m. (3 ft.) diameter circular area.
For design purposes, the distributed load may be applied at each grid junction.
2.1.2 Framework The framework shall consist of sections with the following section modulus:
S > 130 x
The framework may be welded or connected by lug and pin to the crane boom. Such
crane boom shall be checked and recertified by a registered professional engineer
or other person acceptable to the Board. 2.1.4 Fastening As per 3.1.4 of G601 2.1.5 Weldment As per 3.1.5 of G601 2.1.6 Braces Strut braces should be installed at the top and bottom as well as at the middle
of the frame. 2.2. Impact strength requirement
As per 3.2 of G601 2.3. Visibility requirement As per 3.3 of G601 2.4. Location Refer to 3.4 of G601. In dewatering operations, frontal backstop shall be mandatory.
Side guards are optional. 2.5. Dimensions At normal operating boom angle, the backstop shall extend at least six inches
beyond the projected perimeter of the cab. The normal operating boom angle herein
is defined as 50° to the horizontal. 3. Structural Detail Guidelines
Materials of better or equivalent properties and strength may be used in lieu
of the following: 3.1.
5/8"-6 x 19 IWRC Wire Rope adequately anchored and tensioned. 3.2.
Minimum Major Grid Element Size shall be 1/2 x 4 inch bars or 3/4" - 6 x 19
IWRC Wire Rope adequately anchored and tensioned. 3.3.
Minimum vertical edge beam size shall be equal to or greater than the horizontal
edge beam size.
Gusset Plates shall be incorporated at corners when the length of the edge beam
exceeds three feet. 3.6.
This standard is intended to describe the minimum requirements for the design and selection of plates, framework and supports for raised cabs on equipment without a backstop. This will form and provide a protective structure for the operator inside the cab. 2. Design Principles and Assumptions The following points are stated to clarify the underlying principles and assumptions of this Standard. 2.1. A static force resistance design criteria is stipulated to ensure that intruding or flying objects will not deflect the cab beyond a certain limit. 2.2. Also included is an energy design criterion, since in an actual situation involving flying objects, loading will be dynamic and possibly impact. Hence the adequacy of the structure is related more to energy absorption capability and details of weld design and welding procedure rather than static strength. 2.3. The recommended design horizontal and vertical force will not necessarily duplicate the force imparted by an actual flying object such as trees, whipping cables, etc. 2.4. As the cab elevation is increased, the vertical load requirement § 3.1.1 may be reduced accordingly. 2.5. It is assumed that if the cab/structure can resist a force of W (Appendix A), then it will have adequate resistance to whipping cables. A magnification factor has been incorporated into the formulae to compensate for very small logs, because in such cases, other factors such as flying debris or cables may govern. In any case, W used for design purposes should not be less than 9000 N (2000 lb).
2.6. Although cabs meeting these criteria may not deflect within the Deflection Limiting Volume (DLV See SAE J397a) under all circumstances, it is a minimum requirement for the Cab Protective Structure to have a "Crush Protection" design capability to withstand the force exerted on it by a hypothetical blunt log striking end-on at a velocity of 11 km/hr. 2.7. Furthermore, there is an impact or strength requirement which is intended to ensure that all members of the cab will have adequate resistance to brittle fracture under cold temperatures. 2.8. Finally, there is a visibility requirement which is to ensure that the operator's vision will not be seriously obstructed. 2.9. The operator protective structure can be an integral part of a cab or can be a "cage" outside an existing cab. Hereinafter the term "Cab Protective Structure" shall mean any guard that envelopes the cab or any guard that forms part of a cab. (See Appendix D.) 3. Design Loads 3.1. Vertical Load Requirement Force Resistance
units N, J
Ev = 6W
In addition, the frame shall be designed to absorb the impact energy as given by Ev and EL of § 3.1.1 to § 3.1.2. 4.2. Cab Skin All exposed unguarded sides of the cab should be protected with metal plates
or other suitable material. They shall be designed to resist the FL as defined in § 3.1.2. 4.3. Supports The cab protective structure shall be secured to the structural parts of the (carrier) main frame of the log loader or log yarder. Such structural parts shall be adequately reinforced if necessary to resist the loads imposed on them by the cab protective structure. 4.4. Fastenings If bolts and nuts are used in the fabrication of the guard, they shall conform to or exceed the ASTM Designation A325 Requirements. 4.5. Visibility Requirements The cab shall be equipped with adequate view areas. All such view areas shall be guarded in accordance with WCB G603 Standard for Log Loader and Log Yarder Window Guards.
4.6. Impact Strength Requirement All members of the guard shall be made of material with good impact absorbing properties. The following guideline may be used: Examples of steel meeting or exceeding the above requirements: ASTM A36, CSA G40.21 33G, 44W - for plates, bars and angles. CSA G40.21 50W - for HSS. (Hollow Structural Sections) 4.7. Weldment Weldments shall conform to applicable sections of General Specification for Welding of Steel Structures, CSA W59.1-1970 (or latest revision thereof) and shall be performed by licensed welders only. 4.8. Alternate Exit The operator protective structure shall be provided with an alternate exit. Such exit shall have a minimum clear opening of 60 cm diameter (24"). 4.9. Glazing Only safety glass or other suitable material with similar shatter-resistant characteristics shall be used for window areas. 4.10. Sound Isolation and Absorption
This standard pertains to log loaders and log yarders, and other mobile equipment
where the operator is exposed to the hazard of intruding or flying objects,
such as snapped or whipping cables, loose debris and tree limbs. It is supplementary
to other WCB Standards for operator's guards: WCB - G601 Standard for Log Loader and Log Yarder Backstops WCB - G602 Standard for Log Loader and Log Yarder Raised Cab The scope and guidelines of each of the above standards shall be correctly
interpreted and proper judgement made in determining their appropriate application.
For front end log loaders which are used exclusively in dry land sorting areas,
refer to: WCB - G607 Standard for Medium Duty Screen Guard (Front End Log Loader)
and selection of rod-size, framework and supports for guards over window areas
of operator's cabs. It may also be applicable to other openings such as doorways
in certain circumstances. 2. Design Requirement 2.1. Strength Requirements
2.1.1 Grid Element Grid element sizes and construction shall be designed to withstand a minimum
concentrated point load of 666 lbs., (2,963N) working load being applied at each
of the four corners of any grid opening, with the critical stresses calculated
as a function of the dimensions of the guard. 2.1.2 Edge-beams (Perimeter Frame) The outer frame shall consist of sections with the following section modulus:
S > 14.9 x
W Metric Units
The perimeter frame shall be secured to the structural parts of the cab. Such
structural parts shall be adequately designed and constructed to resist all
loads imposed on them by the Guard. 2.1.4 Fastenings If bolts and nuts are used in the fabrication of the guard, they shall conform
to or exceed the ASTM Designation A325 requirements, or conform to SAE Standard
J429 and J995 grade designation 5 through 8. 2.2. Impact Strength Requirement All members of the guard shall be made of material with good impact absorbing
properties. The following guideline may be used: Low carbon content (less than 0.28%) High ratio of manganese to carbon Low phosphorus content Fine grain size Heat treated High ultimate energy resistance Examples of steel meeting or exceeding the above requirements: ASTM A36, CSA G40.21 33G, 44W - for plates, bars and angles CSA G40.21 50
W - for HSS 2.3. Visibility Requirements Minimum interference with operator's visibility shall be one of the governing
than 64 square inches (413 cm2). 2.4. Location Guards shall be installed in front of all window areas exposed to flying or
intruding hazards. All guards shall be positioned at least 4 inches (10 cm)
and not more than 8 inches away from the glazed windows or exterior faces of
the cab. 3. Structural Details 3.1.
Minimum grid element size shall be 3/4 inches diameter steel rods or equivalent.
3.2. Grid element rod sizes shall be proportionately increased as the dimension of
the guard increases. 3.3. Gusset plates shall be incorporated where the length of the edge beam exceeds
three feet. 3.4.
Minimum edge beam size shall be determined in accordance with 2.1.2 but shall
in no cases be less than 2 1/2 inch x 1 1/2 inch x 0.125 inch HSS. 3.5. Materials with equal or better properties may be used in place of those stipulated
in this Standard. 4. Design Aid 4.1. Equivalent Strength Table
7/16" 6 x 19 IWRC Wire Rope*
7/8" dia. Mild Steel Rod
1/2" 6 x 19 IWRC Wire Rope*
1" dia. Mild Steel Rod
7/16" 6 x 19 IWRC Wire Rope
3 x 3 x 5/16 Angles ASTM A36 or CSA G40.21-33G
2 x 2 x .125 HSS
and tensioned. (See illustration attached). Back to Top
This standard is supplemented by G604 WCB Standard for Light-Duty Screens.
and selection of structural elements such as plates, stiffeners, sheer deflectors,
spring latches or hinges for the half-door. 2. Design Requirements 2.1. General Location
A half-door shall be installed on both side entrances to the control area. 2.2. Dimensions
The entrance opening width shall be a minimum of 46 cm (18 inches). Recommended
opening width is 70 cm (27 inches). 2.2.2
The door height shall be a minimum of 60 cm (25 inches) from the floor and having
the top of the door at least 25 cm (10 inches) above the cab seat. 2.3. Character (Distinctive Qualities)
The half-door should not sweep the area of the platform or the steps on which
the operator must stand to open the door. It shall sweep outward from the cab.
The half-door shall be equipped with a device to cause it to return to its closed
position automatically. Also, a latch, preferably of pressure sensitive type
should be used to lock the door. 2.3.3
There should be sufficient clearance between the maximum radius of door sweep
and the rubber tires of the mobile equipment. 2.3.4
A sheer deflector or stiffener shall be installed on the exterior top edge of
the door to act as a deflector/stopper for objects propelled upward. 2.4. Static Strength 2.4.1
The top edge of the door shall be reinforced by a ledge, (sheer deflector),
a structural element capable of withstanding a concentrated force of 17800 N
(4,000 lbs.) applied at 45° to the horizontal. 2.4.2
Any area of the door shall be designed to resist a 17800 N (4000 lb) static
force applied over an area of 62 cm2 (9.6 in2). 2.4.3
The hinges, stops and supports shall be adequately designed and fabricated to
resist any loads that the door would likely impose upon them. The entire door
assembly shall be designed to resist a static force of 17800 N (4,000 lbs.)
without causing the door to spring open. On vehicles equipped with a ROPS (Rollover Protective Structure), the
door-supporting elements may be attached to parts of the ROPS providing such
attachment does not adversely affect the performance of the ROPS. This is contingent
on approval by a registered professional engineer. 2.4.4
Weldments shall conform to applicable sections of General Specifications for
Welding of Steel Structures CSA W59.1-1970 or most recent version and should be performed by qualified
welders only. 2.5. Impact Strength Requirement
All members of the half-door shall be fabricated of material with good impact
absorbing properties. The following guideline may be used: Low carbon content - maximum .28% High manganese-carbon ratio Low phosphorus content Fine grain size Heat treated High ultimate energy resistance (Notch tough steel possessing acceptable impact properties) Examples of steel meeting or exceeding the above requirements: ASTM A36 or CSA G40.21-38W - for bars, angles and plate CSA G40.21 42W, 55W - for HSS (Hollow Structural Sections) (CSA G40.16 and
G40.17) 3. Structural Details Guidelines The following recommendations may be used in lieu of clause 2.4.1 and clause 2.4.2 3.1.
Minimum intermediate stiffener size shall be L 2 x 2 x 3/16 CSA G40.21 33W.
This standard pertains to front end log loaders - mobile machines mounted on
a wheeled or tracked chassis, equipped with a front mounted grapple, tusk, or
fork-lift device and employed in the loading, unloading, stacking, sorting or
handling of logs, used only in dry land sorting areas. For other applications,
please refer to G603 Standards for Log Loader and Log Yarder Window Guards.
of operator's cab. 2. Location of screen guards
Front screen guard shall be provided in the area in front of the operator and
shall at least extend the full height of all glazing surfaces. 2.2. Rear screen guard, where necessary and applicable, shall be provided in the
area behind the operator. 2.3. All guards shall be positioned at least four inches away from the glazed windows.
3.1.1 Grid Element Each vertical element shall be designed to withstand a minimum concentrated
point load of 300 lbs. being applied at a location producing the greatest critical
stresses. There should be at least three vertical elements. 3.1.2 Perimeter Frame The outer frame shall consist of sections with the following section modulus:
S = edge beam section modulus (cm3) (in3)
loads imposed on them by the guards. On the front end loaders equipped with a rollover protective structure (ROPS),
the screen guards may be attached to parts of the ROPS, provided that such attachment
does not adversely affect the performance of the ROPS. All such attachments
shall be clamped unless welding is permitted by the ROPS manufacturer or a registered
professional engineer. 3.1.4 Fastenings If nuts and bolts are used in the fabrication of the guard, they shall conform
to or exceed the ASTM Designation A325 requirements. 3.2. Impact Strength Requirement All members of the guard shall be made of material with good impact absorbing
properties. The following guideline may be used: Low carbon content (less than 0.28%) High ratio of manganese to carbon Low phosphorous content Fine grain size Heat treated High ultimate energy resistance Examples of steel meeting or exceeding the above requirements: ASTM A36, CSA G40.21 33G, 44W - for plates, bars and angles. CSA 40.21 50W - for HSS (Hollow Structural Sections) 4. Visibility Requirement Minimum interference with operator's visibility shall be one of the governing
in line with the operator's line of sight. The clearance between vertical elements
shall not be greater than eight inches. 5. Minimum Recommended Sizes Vertical elements cross-section size should not be less than 19 mm (3/4")
diameter mild steel rod or 16 mm (5/8") square rod. The openings between adjacent vertical members should not be greater than
eight inches. The perimeter frame cross-section size should not be less than 2 x 2 x .150
square hollow structural section (HSS) 50,000 psi yield or 3 x 3 x 5/16 square
angle, 36,000 psi yield. 6. Weldment
Weldments shall conform to applicable sections of General Specification for
Welding of Steel Structures, CSA W59.1-1970 (or latest revision thereof) and
shall be performed by licensed welders only. Typical Design
This standard pertains to mobile industrial or logging equipment where the operator
may be exposed to hazards caused by falling objects such as tree trunks, snags,
limbs, rocks, etc. It is also supplementary to G602 Standard for Log Loader and Log Yarder Raised Cabs.
and selection of plates and stiffeners for roof construction. Refer to the aforementioned
G602 Standard for details on substructure construction. 2. Design Criteria
The roof shall be designed to meet the Minimum Performance Criteria for Falling
Object Protective Structure (FOPS) - SAE J231. 2.2. Option Two - Analytical Methods
The roof shall be designed to absorb 11500 J (8,500 ft-lb) of impact energy
without allowing a projectile measuring 20 cm (8 in) in diameter to penetrate
into the DLV as defined in SAE J397a. 2.3. Option Three - Minimum Recommended Size
The roof shall be designed in accordance with the minimum recommended size as
outlined in §4.0. 3. Design Requirements
The superstructure shall be designed in accordance with the design criteria
as outlined in §2.0. 3.2. Substructure of Roof
All frame members and supports of the Cab Protective Structure shall be designed
to resist the applied load in accordance with G602. This applies to all mobile
equipment covered by G602. Equipment covered by SAE J1040 shall be designed in accordance with SAE J1040 or its equivalent. 3.3. Alternate Exit
The operator protective structure shall be provided with an alternate exit.
Such exit shall have a minimum clear opening of 60 cm (24 in) diameter. 3.4. Impact Strength Requirement
All members of the guard shall be made of material with good impact absorbing
properties. The following guideline may be used: Low carbon content (less than 0.28%) High ratio of manganese to carbon Low phosphorous content Fine grain size Heat treated High ultimate energy resistance Examples of steel meeting or exceeding the above requirements: CSA G40.21 33G, 44W - for plates, bars and angles CSA G40.21 50W - for HSS (Hollow Structural Sections)
shall be performed by licensed welders only. 4. Minimum Recommended Sizes
The following are designed on the assumption that stiffeners will be used to
limit the unstiffened areas not to exceed 700 sq. in. (4516 sq. cm) 4.1.1
Minimum section modulus of stiffeners used shall be 0.19 in3, (3.11 cm3) i.e.
L 2 x 2 x 3/16 4.2. Option Two - Grid Method
Minimum rod size shall be 3/4 inch round bars or 5/8 inch square bars. Each
grid opening shall not be greater than 413 cm2 (64 square inches.) A light gauge
roof plate is recommended in conjunction with the grid.
The test apparatus must have
(a) a simulated "leg" made of wood approximately 150 mm (6 in) in diameter with a 20 mm (¾ in) layer of resilient covering (Ensolite or similar material) attached to simulate the resilience of flesh, and designed to allow the leg protection to be mounted and tested similar to the configuration the leg protection will take when worn by a worker while his leg is "straight",
(c) a chainsaw with Oregon 72 LP chisel chain and capable of a chain speed of at least 1,220 meter/min (4,000 ft/min). The chainsaw must pivot in a vertical plane to contact the "leg" (see Figure 1) with a downward force of 50 ± 1 Newtons (11 ± 0.1 lb), and
WorkSafeBC Standard 13.30 Work Platforms Supported by Lift Trucks, February 2008
WCB Standard: A324 Forklift Mounted Work Platforms, June 1989
(a) follow the principles of first aid treatment as outlined in the Board's Occupational First Aid training programs that are provided to the attendant when he or she participates in the training program,(b) comply with the OHSR, and the other responsibilities of attendants in this standard, and(c) comply with any other terms and conditions provided to the attendant by the training agency when granted certification, or provided to the attendant by the Board at any other time.