Source: https://www.richmondsunlight.com/bill/2018/hb1601/fulltext/
Timestamp: 2019-10-18 17:20:41
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Richmond Sunlight » HB1601: Domestic terrorism offenses; definitions, designation of domestic terrorism organizations.
HB1601: Domestic terrorism offenses; definitions, designation of domestic terrorism organizations.
HOUSE BILL NO. 1601 Offered January 19, 2018 A BILL to amend the Code of Virginia by adding sections numbered §§ 18.2-46.11 through 18.2-46.15, relating to domestic terrorism offenses.
Patron-- Price
1. That the Code of Virginia is amended by adding sections numbered §§ 18.2-46.11 through 18.2-46.15 as follows:
§ 18.2-46.11. Definitions.
“Act of domestic terrorism” means (i) an act of violence, as defined in § 19.2-297.1 or (ii) any violation of §§ 18.2-52, 18.2-52.1, 18.2-53, 18.2-53.1, 18.2-56.1, 18.2-57, 18.2-83, 18.2-108.1, 18.2-119, 18.2-121, 18.2-127, 18.2-128, 18.2-137, 18.2-138, 18.2-146, 18.2-147, 18.2-186.4, 18.2-279, 18.2-282, 18.2-282.1, 18.2-287.4, 18.2-289, 18.2-300, 18.2-308.1, 18.2-308.2, 18.2-308.2:01, 18.2-312, 18.2-423, 18.2-423.01, 18.2-423.1, 18.2-423.2, committed against a person or his property with the intent of instilling fear or intimidation in the individual against whom the act is perpetrated because of race, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, or disability, or that is committed against such person for the purpose of restraining that person from exercising his rights under the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth or of the United States.
“Domestic terrorist organization” means any organization, association, or group of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, which has an identifiable name or identifying sign or symbol and either (i) has as one of its primary objectives or activities an act of domestic terrorism; or (ii) whose members individually or collectively have engaged in the commission of, attempt to commit, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of two or more acts of domestic terrorism, provided such acts were not part of a common act or transaction.
“Material support or resources” means any property, tangible or intangible, or service, including currency or monetary instruments or financial securities, financial services, lodging, training, expert advice or assistance, safehouses, false documentation or identification, communications equipment, facilities, weapons, lethal substances, explosives, personnel (1 or more individuals who may be or include oneself), and transportation, except medicine or religious materials.
“Pattern of domestic terrorism” requires at least two acts of domestic terrorism, one of which occurred after the effective date of this article and the last of which occurred within ten years (excluding any period of imprisonment) after the commission of a prior act of domestic terrorism.
§ 18.2-46.12. Designation of domestic terrorist organizations.
(A) The Superintendent of the Department of State Police shall promulgate regulations, to be updated annually, designating all organizations, groups, or associations meeting the definition of a domestic terrorist organization. Such regulations shall be published in the Virginia Register of Regulations.
(B) In making a designation under this section, the Superintendent shall create an administrative record supporting the designation.
(C) A designation under this section shall be effective for all purposes until revoked or set aside pursuant to subsection (D).
(D) Designated domestic terrorist organizations may seek judicial review in the Circuit Court for the City of Richmond within 30 days of the publication of the regulation in the Virginia Register of Regulations. Review under this subsection shall be based solely upon the administrative record. The pendency of an action for judicial review of a designation shall not affect the designation as a domestic terrorist organization, unless the court issues a final order setting aside the designation. Domestic terrorist organizations and the Superintendent may petition the Court of Appeals for review of the circuit court’s decision within 15 days of the date of decision. Domestic terrorist organizations and the Superintendent may petition the Supreme Court of Virginia for review of the Court of Appeals’ decision within 15 days of the date of decision.
(E) The court shall hold unlawful and set aside a designation if the court finds the designation to be (i) arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law; (ii) contrary to constitutional right, power, privilege, or immunity; (iii) in excess of statutory jurisdiction, authority, or limitation, or short of statutory right; (iv) lacking substantial support in the administrative record taken as a whole; or (v) not in accord with the procedures required by law.
(F) Any domestic terrorist organization shall have the annual right to petition the Superintendent for revocation of the designation, and the Superintendent shall revoke the designation if he finds that the circumstances that were the basis for the designation have changed in such a manner as to warrant revocation. The Superintendent’s revocation decision is subject to judicial review in accordance with subsections (D) and (E).
§ 18.2-46.14. Prohibited domestic terrorist organization participation; penalty
(B) Violation of this section shall constitute a separate and distinct offense. If the acts or activities violating this section also violate another provision of law, a prosecution under this section shall not prohibit or bar any prosecution or proceeding under such other provision or the imposition of any penalties provided for thereby.
§ 18.2-46.15. Prohibition on providing material support to a domestic terrorist organization.
(A) Whoever knowingly provides material support or resources to a domestic terrorist organization, or attempts or conspires to do so, shall be guilty of a Class 5 felony, and, if the death of any person results, shall be guilty of a Class 2 felony. To violate this paragraph, a person must have knowledge that the organization is a designated domestic terrorist organization under § 18.2-46.13, or that the organization has engaged or engages in a pattern of domestic terrorism.
(B) Whoever provides material support or resources or conceals or disguises the nature, location, source, or ownership of material support or resources, knowing or intending that they are to be used in preparation for, or in carrying out, an act of domestic terrorism, or in the preparation for, or in carrying out, the concealment of an escape from the commission of any act of domestic terrorism, or attempts or conspires to do such an act, shall be guilty of a Class 5 felony, and, if the death of any person results, shall be guilty of a Class 2 felony..
(D) Whenever it appears to the Attorney General that any person is engaged in, or is about to engage in, any act that constitutes, or would constitute, a violation of this section, the Attorney General may initiate a civil action in a circuit court to enjoin such a violation.
(E) In addition to any other criminal, civil, or administrative liability or penalty, if it can be shown by a preponderance of the evidence that a person provided material support or resources in connection with an act of domestic terrorism, such person shall be subject to civil liability in an action brought by an individual directly affected by the act of domestic terrorism.
(F) Nothing in this section shall be construed or applied so as to abridge the exercise of rights guaranteed under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States or Article I, § 12 of the Constitution of Virginia.
§ 18.2-46.16. Civil liability for acts of domestic terrorism
No provisions of this article shall be construed to relieve any member of a domestic terrorist organization from civil liability for any acts of domestic terrorism committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with any domestic terrorist organization.
§ 18.2-46.17. Local law enforcement reporting of acts of domestic terrorism.
State, county, and municipal law-enforcement agencies shall report to the Department of State Police all acts of domestic terrorism occurring in their jurisdictions in a form, time, and manner prescribed by the Superintendent. Such reports shall not be open to public inspection except insofar as the Superintendent permits.
For a plain English description of this bill, comments, voting, tagging, etc., return to the main page for HB1601.