Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9979223B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-07-18 05:29:14
Document Index: 112469474

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 119', 'Application No. 61', 'art 1300', 'art 1300', 'art 1300', 'art 1500', 'art 1500', 'art 1500']

US9979223B2 - System and method for wireless power control communication using bluetooth low energy - Google Patents
System and method for wireless power control communication using bluetooth low energy Download PDF
US9979223B2
US9979223B2 US15/249,141 US201615249141A US9979223B2 US 9979223 B2 US9979223 B2 US 9979223B2 US 201615249141 A US201615249141 A US 201615249141A US 9979223 B2 US9979223 B2 US 9979223B2
US15/249,141
US20160365747A1 (en
2012-04-03 Priority to US201261619760P priority Critical
2012-11-15 Priority to US13/678,455 priority patent/US9431844B2/en
2016-08-26 Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
2016-08-26 Priority to US15/249,141 priority patent/US9979223B2/en
2016-12-15 Publication of US20160365747A1 publication Critical patent/US20160365747A1/en
2017-03-17 Assigned to QUALCOMM INCORPORATED reassignment QUALCOMM INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: REDDING, BRIAN A.
2018-05-22 Publication of US9979223B2 publication Critical patent/US9979223B2/en
This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for connecting with a charging device via a wireless communications network. In one aspect, a wireless charger comprises a transmitter configured to transmit a power signal. The wireless charger further comprises a device scanner configured to scan for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. The wireless charger further comprises a receiver configured to receive a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. The transmitter may be configured to transmit a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation.
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/678,455, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR WIRELESS POWER CONTROL COMMUNICATION USING BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY” and filed on Nov. 15, 2012, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/619,760, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR WIRELESS POWER CONTROL COMMUNICATION USING BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY” and filed on Apr. 3, 2012, the entire contents of which disclosures are herewith incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates generally to wireless power. More specifically, the disclosure is directed to establishing a connection between a wireless charging and a charging device using Bluetooth Low Energy.
One aspect of the disclosure provides a wireless charger for connecting with a charging device via a wireless communications network. The wireless charger comprises a transmitter configured to transmit a power signal. The wireless charger further comprises a device scanner configured to scan for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. The wireless charger further comprises a receiver configured to receive a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. The transmitter may be configured to transmit a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method for connecting with a charging device wirelessly via a wireless communications network. The method comprises transmitting a power signal. The method further comprises scanning for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. The method further comprises receiving a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. The method further comprises transmitting a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides an apparatus for connecting with a charging device via a wireless communications network. The apparatus comprises means for transmitting a power signal. The apparatus further comprises means for scanning for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. The apparatus further comprises means for receiving a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. The apparatus further comprises means for transmitting a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to transmit a power signal. The medium further comprises code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to scan for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. The medium further comprises code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to receive a connection solicitation via a wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. The medium further comprises code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to transmit a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides a charging device for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network. The charging device comprises a receiver configured to receive a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger. The charging device further comprises a processor configured to generate a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received. The charging device further comprises a transmitter configured to transmit the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network. The receiver may be configured to receive a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides a method for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network. The method comprises receiving a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger. The method further comprises generating a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received. The method further comprises transmitting the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network. The method further comprises receiving a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides an apparatus for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network. The apparatus comprises means for receiving a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger. The apparatus further comprises means for generating a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received. The apparatus further comprises means for transmitting the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network. The apparatus further comprises means for receiving a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
Another aspect of the disclosure provides a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to receive a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger. The medium further comprises code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to generate a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received. The medium further comprises code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to transmit the connection solicitation via a wireless communications network. The medium further comprises code that, when executed, causes an apparatus to receive a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
FIG. 8A is a block diagram of a charging service and profile for a wireless charging system, such as the wireless charging system of FIG. 7.
FIG. 8B is another block diagram of a charging service and profile for a wireless charging system, such as the wireless charging system of FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 is a timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger and the charging device of FIG. 7, to establish a connection between the wireless charger and the charging device.
FIG. 10 is a timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger and the charging device of FIG. 7, during a first connection.
FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger and the charging device of FIG. 7.
FIG. 12 is another timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger and the charging device of FIG. 7.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of an exemplary method for connecting with a charging device wirelessly via a wireless communications network.
FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of a wireless charger, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a flowchart of an exemplary method for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network.
FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of a charging device, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an exemplary wireless power transfer system 100, in accordance with exemplary embodiments. Input power 102 may be provided to a transmitter 104 from a power source (not shown) for generating a field 105 for providing energy transfer. A receiver 108 may couple to the field 105 and generate output power 110 for storing or consumption by a device (not shown) coupled to the output power 110. Both the transmitter 104 and the receiver 108 are separated by a distance 112. In one exemplary embodiment, transmitter 104 and receiver 108 are configured according to a mutual resonant relationship. When the resonant frequency of receiver 108 and the resonant frequency of transmitter 104 are substantially the same or very close, transmission losses between the transmitter 104 and the receiver 108 are minimal. As such, wireless power transfer may be provided over larger distance in contrast to purely inductive solutions that may require large coils that require coils to be very close (e.g., mms). Resonant inductive coupling techniques may thus allow for improved efficiency and power transfer over various distances and with a variety of inductive coil configurations.
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of exemplary components that may be used in the wireless power transfer system 100 of FIG. 1, in accordance with various exemplary embodiments. The transmitter 204 may include transmit circuitry 206 that may include an oscillator 222, a driver circuit 224, and a filter and matching circuit 226. The oscillator 222 may be configured to generate a signal at a desired frequency, such as 468.75 KHz, 6.78 MHz or 13.56 MHz, that may be adjusted in response to a frequency control signal 223. The oscillator signal may be provided to a driver circuit 224 configured to drive the transmit coil 214 at, for example, a resonant frequency of the transmit coil 214. The driver circuit 224 may be a switching amplifier configured to receive a square wave from the oscillator 222 and output a sine wave. For example, the driver circuit 224 may be a class E amplifier. A filter and matching circuit 226 may be also included to filter out harmonics or other unwanted frequencies and match the impedance of the transmitter 204 to the transmit coil 214.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of transmit circuitry 206 or receive circuitry 210 of FIG. 2 including a transmit or receive coil 352, in accordance with exemplary embodiments. As illustrated in FIG. 3, transmit or receive circuitry 350 used in exemplary embodiments may include a coil 352. The coil may also be referred to or be configured as a “loop” antenna 352. The coil 352 may also be referred to herein or be configured as a “magnetic” antenna or an induction coil. The term “coil” is intended to refer to a component that may wirelessly output or receive energy for coupling to another “coil.” The coil may also be referred to as an “antenna” of a type that is configured to wirelessly output or receive power. The coil 352 may be configured to include an air core or a physical core such as a ferrite core (not shown). Air core loop coils may be more tolerable to extraneous physical devices placed in the vicinity of the core. Furthermore, an air core loop coil 352 allows the placement of other components within the core area. In addition, an air core loop may more readily enable placement of the receive coil 218 (FIG. 2) within a plane of the transmit coil 214 (FIG. 2) where the coupled-mode region of the transmit coil 214 (FIG. 2) may be more powerful.
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a transmitter 404 that may be used in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 1, in accordance with exemplary embodiments. The transmitter 404 may include transmit circuitry 406 and a transmit coil 414. The transmit coil 414 may be the coil 352 as shown in FIG. 3. Transmit circuitry 406 may provide RF power to the transmit coil 414 by providing an oscillating signal resulting in generation of energy (e.g., magnetic flux) about the transmit coil 414. Transmitter 404 may operate at any suitable frequency. By way of example, transmitter 404 may operate at the 13.56 MHz ISM band.
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a receiver 508 that may be used in the wireless power transfer system of FIG. 1, in accordance with exemplary embodiments. The receiver 508 includes receive circuitry 510 that may include a receive coil 518. Receiver 508 further couples to device 550 for providing received power thereto. It should be noted that receiver 508 is illustrated as being external to device 550 but may be integrated into device 550. Energy may be propagated wirelessly to receive coil 518 and then coupled through the rest of the receive circuitry 510 to device 550. By way of example, the charging device may include devices such as mobile phones, portable music players, laptop computers, tablet computers, computer peripheral devices, communication devices (e.g., Bluetooth devices), digital cameras, hearing aids (an other medical devices), and the like.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a portion of transmit circuitry 600 that may be used in the transmit circuitry 406 of FIG. 4. The transmit circuitry 600 may include a driver circuit 624 as described above in FIG. 4. As described above, the driver circuit 624 may be a switching amplifier that may be configured to receive a square wave and output a sine wave to be provided to the transmit circuit 650. In some cases the driver circuit 624 may be referred to as an amplifier circuit. The driver circuit 624 is shown as a class E amplifier, however, any suitable driver circuit 624 may be used in accordance with embodiments. The driver circuit 624 may be driven by an input signal 602 from an oscillator 423 as shown in FIG. 4. The driver circuit 624 may also be provided with a drive voltage VD that is configured to control the maximum power that may be delivered through a transmit circuit 650. To eliminate or reduce harmonics, the transmit circuitry 600 may include a filter circuit 626. The filter circuit 626 may be a three pole (capacitor 634, inductor 632, and capacitor 636) low pass filter circuit 626.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a wireless charging system 700 that may incorporate the transmit circuitry 406 of FIG. 4 and the receive circuitry 510 of FIG. 5. The wireless charging system 700 may comprise a wireless charger 702 and a charging device 704. The wireless charger 702 may include a wireless power transmitter 710 and a Bluetooth transceiver 720. In an embodiment, the wireless power transmitter 710 may be similar to and/or include the same functionality as the transmit circuitry 406 of FIG. 4. The charging device 704 may be similar to the charging device 550 of FIG. 5 and further include a wireless power receiver 715 and a Bluetooth transceiver 725. In an embodiment, the wireless power receiver 715 may be similar to and/or include the same functionality as the receive circuitry 510 of FIG. 5.
The wireless power transmitter 710 may be coupled to a transmit coil 714. The transmit coil 714 may be similar to the transmit coil 414 of FIG. 4. Likewise, the wireless power receiver 715 may be coupled to a receive coil 718. The receive coil 718 may be similar to the receive coil 518 of FIG. 5. In an embodiment, the wireless power transmitter 710 may be configured to transmit power wirelessly to the wireless power receiver 715 to charge the charging device 704.
The Bluetooth transceiver 720 may be coupled to Bluetooth antenna 724 and the Bluetooth transceiver 725 may be coupled to Bluetooth antenna 728. In an embodiment, the Bluetooth transceivers 720 and 725, via antennas 724 and 728, may be used to establish a connection between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704 such that the charging device 704 can receive power wirelessly from the wireless charger 702 in order to charge its battery or similar device. Note that while the use of the Bluetooth protocol to establish a connection between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704 is described herein, this is not meant to be limiting. Aspects of the disclosure as described herein may be implemented through the use of any wired or wireless communication protocol (e.g., a proprietary communication protocol, a communication protocol established by a standards organization like IEEE, etc.). For example, IrDA, Wireless USB, Z-Wave, ZigBee, USB, FireWire, and/or the like may be used.
FIG. 8A is a block diagram of a charging service and profile 800 for a wireless charging system, such as the wireless charging system 700 of FIG. 7. In an embodiment, the charging service and profile 800 comprises a wireless charger 802 and a charging device 804. The wireless charger 802 may be similar to the wireless charger 702 of FIG. 7 and the charging device 804 may be similar to the charging device 704 of FIG. 7. The wireless charger 802 may include a processor 810 that is configured to operate a charging profile 815. In some aspects, the charging profile 815 is a generic attribute profile (GATT) client using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transport, where the GATT establishes common operations and a framework for the data transported and stored by an attribute protocol. In general, the GATT is used for discovery services.
The charging device 804 may operate in two modes: a self-powered mode and a charger powered mode. In a self-powered mode, the charging device 804 contains enough power (e.g., enough charge remaining in its battery or other internal power source) to operate in a normal mode while charging. In a charger powered mode, the charging device 804 does not have enough power to operate in the normal mode and requires power from the wireless charger 802 to power up to support a charging operation.
The charging device 804 may include a processor 820 that is configured to operate a charging service 825. In some aspects, the charging service 825 is a GATT server using the BLE transport, where a GATT server stores the data transported over the attribute protocol and access attribute protocol requests, commands, and confirmations from the GATT client. In an embodiment, the charging service 825 may interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is operating in a self-powered mode. For example, the charging device 804 in a self-powered mode may have enough charge remaining in its battery such that a device like the processor 820, which may use more power than other components like a chipset, can be powered up. In other embodiments, the charging service 825 may interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is operating in a charger powered mode.
The charging device 804 may also include a chipset, such as a Bluetooth chipset 830, that is configured to operate a charging service 835. In some aspects, the charging service 835 is a GATT server. In an embodiment, the charging service 835 may interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is operating in a charger powered mode. For example, the charging device 804 in a charger powered mode may not have enough charge to power up all of its components, like the processor 820. As a way to conserve power, using the power received from the wireless charger 802, only the Bluetooth chipset 830 may be powered up. In other embodiments, the charging service 835 may interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is operating in a self-powered mode. In other words, the charging device 804 may include at least two GATT servers, each implementing a different charging service 825 or 835, and each server may include one instance of a WiPower charging service (WPCS) and one instance of a device information service (DIS).
While FIG. 8A depicts the chipset 830 as being a Bluetooth chipset, it should be noted that this is not meant to be limiting and the chipset 830 may be designed to handle any wireless communications protocol. In still further embodiments, the charging service 825 and/or 835 may be embodied in an accessory to the charging device 804, such as an external device or a skin.
FIG. 8B is another block diagram of a charging service and profile 850 for a wireless charging system, such as the wireless charging system 700 of FIG. 7. In an embodiment, the charging device 804 may include a chipset, such as a Bluetooth chipset 830, that is configured to operate the charging services 825 and 835. The charging service 825 may be used to interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is in a self-powered mode and the charging service 835 may be used to interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is in a charger powered mode. Alternatively, the charging service 825 may be used to interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is in a charger powered mode and the charging service 835 may be used to interact with the charging profile 815 when the charging device 804 is in a self-powered mode. In other embodiments, a processor, such as the processor 820 of FIG. 8A, may be configured to operate the charging services 825 and 835. In other words, the charging device 804 may include one GATT server that implements at least two different charging services 825 or 835, and the GATT server may include one instance of a WPCS and one instance of a DIS.
FIG. 9 is a timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704, to establish a connection between the wireless charger and the charging device. The wireless charger 702 may transmit a power pulse 902, where the power pulse 902 can be used to supply power to a charging device, like charging device 704, to charge the charging device. The wireless charger 702 may transmit the power pulse 902 in order to detect a charging device. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the power pulse 902 was transmitted, but no charging device was in range of the power pulse 902. The wireless charger 702 may wait a period of time before transmitting another power pulse 904. For example, the wireless charger 702 may wait 11.25 ms or 22.5 ms. Upon transmitting the power pulse 902 and/or 904, the wireless charger 702 may start a general connection establishment procedure. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the power pulse 904 was transmitted and in range of the charging device 704.
In some embodiments, the wireless charger 702 begins scanning for advertising (e.g., a connection solicitation or a notice of device characteristics) from a device, like the charging device 704. In further embodiments, once the wireless charger 702 detects a load on the power pulse 904, the wireless charger 702 begins scanning for advertising (e.g., a connection solicitation or a notice of device characteristics) from a device, like the charging device 704. In this way, the wireless charger 702 may conserve power by only scanning for advertising once it detects a load on a power pulse. In an embodiment, the power pulse 904 causes the charging device 704 to generate an advertising (e.g., a processor of the charging device 704 may generate the advertising). The advertising may include a target device address and a charging service type. As an example, the advertising may be a BLE advertising 906. The charging device 704 may transmit the BLE advertising 906 (e.g., as a broadcasted message) with the wireless charger 702 as the intended recipient. If the BLE advertising 906 does not reach the wireless charger 702 (as depicted in FIG. 9), then the charging device 704 may generate and transmit another BLE advertising 908. For example, the charging device 704 may wait 20 ms before sending another BLE advertising 908. If a connection is not established within a certain time frame, such as 10 seconds, the charging device 704 may exit a connectable mode and stop any charging that may have started. In this way, the charging device 704 may conserve power by only generating and transmitting a BLE advertising 906 and/or 908 once it receives a power pulse 902 and/or 904 from the wireless charger 702.
Once the wireless charger 702 receives the BLE advertising 908, the wireless charger 702 may transmit a connection request 912 to the charging device 704. If the charging device 704 accepts the connection request 912, then a connection 914 is established between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704. In some embodiments, once the wireless charger 702 receives the BLE advertising 908, the wireless charger 702 may continue transmitting the power pulse 902 and/or 904 until the connection 914 is established between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704.
Note that during the connection process illustrated in FIG. 9, the wireless charger 702 may continue to transmit power 910, such as via the power pulse 902 and/or 904, in order to charge the charging device 704. In some aspects, the charging device 704 may be in a charger powered mode, and the power 910 would allow the charging device 704 to remain active in order to establish a connection with the wireless charger 702. Once the wireless charger 702 determines that a connection cannot be established, that the charging device 704 is now in a self-powered mode, and/or that the charging device 704 otherwise does not need the power transmitted from the wireless charger 702, then the wireless charger 702 may stop transmitting the power 910.
If a connection is lost at any point, the charging device 704 may attempt to reconnect with the wireless charger 702. Alternatively, the charging device 704 may wait until it receives another power pulse 902 and/or 904 from the wireless charger 702.
FIG. 10 is a timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704 of FIG. 7, during a first connection. In an embodiment, the following communications may occur during a first connection regardless of whether the charging device is operating in a self-powered mode or a charger powered mode. After a connection 914 is established between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704, the wireless charger 702 may authenticate the charging device 704 to ensure the charging device 704 is compatible with the charger via a BLE authenticate/encrypt/bond procedure 1002. The BLE authenticate/encrypt/bond procedure 1002 is described in more detail with respect to FIGS. 11 and 12.
After authentication, the wireless charger 702 may discover a primary service by transmitting a universally unique identifier (UUID) request 1004. For example, the UUID request 1004 may be used to discovery a primary WPCS. The charging device 704 may respond with a UUID response 1006. The wireless charger 702 may then discover some or all characteristics of a service by transmitting a service request 1008. For example, the service request 1008 may be used to discover some or all characteristics of a WPCS. The charging device 704 may respond with a service response 1012.
The wireless charger 702 may then discovery a primary service by transmitting a UUID request 1014. For example, the UUID request 1014 may be used to discovery a primary DIS. The charging device 704 may respond with a UUID response 1016. The wireless charger 702 may then discover some or all characteristics of a service by transmitting a service request 1018. For example, the service request 1018 may be used to discover some or all characteristics of a DIS. The charging device 704 may respond with a service response 1020.
Note that during the first connection process illustrated in FIG. 10, the wireless charger 702 may continue to transmit power 1010 in order to charge the charging device 704. In some aspects, the charging device 704 may be in a charger powered mode, and the power 1010 would allow the charging device 704 to remain active in order to establish a connection with the wireless charger 702. Once the wireless charger 702 determines that a connection has been terminated and/or that the charging device 704 otherwise does not need the power transmitted from the wireless charger 702, then the wireless charger 702 may stop transmitting the power 1010.
FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704 of FIG. 7. In an embodiment, the following communications may occur when the charging device 704 is operating in a self-powered mode. After a connection 914 is established between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704, the wireless charger 702 may authenticate the charging device 704 to ensure the charging device 704 is compatible with the charger using a challenge response protocol over the BLE transport (e.g., via a BLE authenticate/encrypt procedure 1102).
The wireless charger 702 may transmit a write without response (WPT authenticate) value 1104 to the charging device 704. In an embodiment, based on the received value, the charging device 704 may generate a key value and transmit the key value to the wireless charger 702 via notification (WPT authenticate) value response 1106. In other embodiments, based on the received value, the charging device 704 may transmit a key value stored or embedded in the charging device 704 to the wireless charger 702 via a notification (WPT authenticate) value response 1106. The key value may be a public key, a private key, a public key certificate, a digital signature, a security token, a unique manufacturer identifier, or the like. If the key value matches the value expected by the wireless charger 702, then the authentication is complete and the wireless charger 702 has determined that the charging device 704 is compatible with it.
In other aspects, the wireless charger 702 may engage in one or more communications with the charging device 704 to ensure that the charging device 704 is compatible with the charger 702. The wireless charger 702 may transmit one or more authentication messages to the charging device 704. If the one or more responses received from the charging device 704 match the responses expected by the wireless charger 702, then the authentication is complete and the wireless charger 702 has determined that the charging device 704 is compatible with it. For example, the wireless charger 702 may use a combination key to authenticate the charging device 704. The wireless charger 702 may transmit a request for a charger technology key value stored in the charging device 704. The charger technology key value stored in the charging device 704 and transmitted by the charging device 704 to the wireless charger 702 may match a value expected by the wireless charger 702 if the charging device 704 is compatible with the wireless charger 702. If the charging device 704 is compatible, the wireless charger 702 may then transmit a request for a manufacturer key value stored in the charging device 704. The manufacturer key value stored in the charging device 704 and transmitted by the charging device 704 to the wireless charger 702 may match a value expected by the wireless charger 702 if the charging device 704 is manufactured by the manufacturer of the charging device 704. In other embodiments, the wireless charger 702 may request both the charger technology key value and the manufacturer key value at a same or nearly same time. In this way, a manufacturer may be able to restrict the wireless charger 702 to only charge charging devices 704 manufactured by the manufacturer and/or to charge charging devices 704 manufactured by the manufacturer differently than other compatible charging devices 704.
In still other aspects, the wireless charger 702 may authenticate the charging device via one-way communications. The wireless charger 702 may transmit one or more messages and determine whether the charging device 704 is compatible based on the behavior or actions of the charging device 704. For example, the charging device 704 may be compatible and authentication may be complete if the charging device 704 temporarily stops receiving power from the wireless charger 702 based on one or more messages transmitted by the wireless charger 702. Likewise, the charging device 704 may transmit one or more messages without being prompted and the wireless charger 702 may determine whether the charging device 704 is compatible based on the received one or more messages. For example, compatible devices 704 may be configured to transmit a specific message or set of messages within a time period of first receiving a power pulse. If the wireless charger 702 receives the specific message or set of messages within the time period, then the wireless charger 702 may determine that the charging device 704 is compatible and authentication may be complete.
In an embodiment, if the authentication fails, the wireless charger 702 may reduce an amount of power transmitted or stop transmitting power to the charging device 704. In other embodiments, the wireless charger 702 may transmit power to the charging device 704 at a low level before authentication takes place. If authentication succeeds, then the wireless charger 702 may transmit power to the charging device 704 at a normal level. If authentication fails, then the wireless charger 702 may continue transmitting power to the charging device 704 at the low level or may stop transmitting power to the charging device 704.
The wireless charger 702 may then transmit a read characteristic value 1108 to the charging device 704. In an embodiment, the read characteristic value 1108 may include charging parameters. The charging device 704 may respond by transmitting a read response 1112. In an embodiment, the read response 1112 may include charging parameters.
The wireless charger 702 may then transmit a write characteristic value 1114 to the charging device 704. In an embodiment, the write characteristic value 1114 may include a charging control to instruct the charging device 704 to transition into a charge state to start charging. The charging device 704 may respond with a write characteristic value response 1116. In an embodiment, the write characteristic value response 1116 may include a confirmation that the charging device 704 will transition into the charge state and start charging.
During the charging, the charging device 704 may periodically transmit a notification value 1118, 1120, and/or 1122 to the wireless charger 702. In an embodiment, the notification values 1118, 1120, and/or 1122 may include a charging report indicating a current charge level and/or voltage level of the charging device 704. Once the wireless charger 702 determines that the charging device 704 has a sufficient amount of power, the wireless charger 702 may transmit a write characteristic value 1124. In an embodiment, the write characteristic value 1124 may include a charging control to instruct the charging device 704 to stop charging. The charging device 704 may respond with a write characteristic value response 1126. In an embodiment, the write characteristic value response 1126 may include a confirmation that the charging device 704 will stop charging. Once the wireless charger 702 receives the write characteristic value response 1126, the connection is terminated 1128.
Note that during the communications illustrated in FIG. 11, the wireless charger 702 may continue to transmit power 1110 in order to charge the charging device 704. Once the wireless charger 702 determines that a connection has been terminated 1128 and/or that the charging device 704 otherwise does not need the power transmitted from the wireless charger 702, then the wireless charger 702 may stop transmitting the power 1110.
FIG. 12 is another timing diagram of communications between a wireless charger and a charging device, such as the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704 of FIG. 7. In an embodiment, the following communications may occur when the charging device 704 is operating in a charger powered mode. After a connection 914 is established between the wireless charger 702 and the charging device 704, the wireless charger 702 may authenticate the charging device 704 to ensure the charging device 704 is compatible with the charger via a BLE authenticate/encrypt procedure 1202.
The wireless charger 702 may transmit a write without response (WPT authenticate) value 1204 to the charging device 704. The based on the received value, the charging device 704 may generate a key value and transmit the key value to the wireless charger 702 via notification (WPT authenticate) value response 1206. If the key value matches the value expected by the wireless charger 702, then the authentication is complete and the wireless charger 702 has determined that the charging device 704 is compatible with it. If the authentication fails, the wireless charger 702 may stop transmitting power 1210 to the charging device 704.
The wireless charger 702 may then transmit a read characteristic value 1208 to the charging device 704. In an embodiment, the read characteristic value 1208 may include charging parameters. The charging device 704 may respond by transmitting a read response 1212. In an embodiment, the read response 1212 may include charging parameters.
Note that unlike the communications as depicted in FIG. 11, the wireless charger 702 may not need to transmit a write characteristic value 1114 to the charging device 704 to instruct the charging device 704 to start charging. In an embodiment, since the charging device 704 is operating in a charger powered mode, it may be assumed that the charging device 704 is already in a charging state.
During the charging, the charging device 704 may periodically transmit a notification value 1214, 1216, and/or 1218 to the wireless charger 702. In an embodiment, the notification values 1214, 1216, and/or 1218 may include a charging report indicating a current charge level and/or voltage level of the charging device 704. Once the wireless charger 702 determines that the charging device 704 has a sufficient amount of power, the wireless charger 702 may transmit a write characteristic value 1220. In an embodiment, the write characteristic value 1220 may include a charging control to instruct the charging device 704 to stop charging. The charging device 704 may respond with a write characteristic value response 1222. In an embodiment, the write characteristic value response 1222 may include a confirmation that the charging device 704 will stop charging. Once the wireless charger 702 receives the write characteristic value response 1222, the connection is terminated 1224.
Note that during the communications illustrated in FIG. 12, the wireless charger 702 may continue to transmit power 1210 in order to charge the charging device 704. In some aspects, the charging device 704 may be in a charger powered mode, and the power 1210 would allow the charging device 704 to remain active in order to establish a connection with the wireless charger 702. Once the wireless charger 702 determines that a connection has been terminated and/or that the charging device 704 otherwise does not need the power transmitted from the wireless charger 702, then the wireless charger 702 may stop transmitting the power 1210.
FIG. 13 is a flowchart of an exemplary method 1300 for connecting with a charging device via a wireless communications network (e.g., a personal area network that uses a Bluetooth interface). In an embodiment, the steps in flowchart 1300 may be performed by wireless charger 702. Although the method of flowchart 1300 is described herein with reference to a particular order, in various embodiments, blocks herein may be performed in a different order, or omitted, and additional blocks may be added. A person having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the method of flowchart 1300 may be implemented in device that may be configured to charge another device via the wireless transfer of power.
At block 1302, the method 1300 transmits a power signal. In an embodiment, the power signal is a power pulse. At block 1304, the method 1300 scans for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. In an embodiment, the method 1300 may detect a load based on the transmitted power signal. The method 1300 may then scan for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices based on the detected load. At block 1306, the method 1300 receives a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. At block 1308, the method 1300 transmits a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation. In some embodiments, when the method 1300 receives a connection solicitation from the charging device, the method 1300 continues to transmit the power signal until a connection is established.
FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of a wireless charger 1400, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Wireless charger 1400 comprises means 1402, means 1404, means 1406, and means 1408 for the various actions discussed with respect to FIGS. 1-12. The wireless charger 1400 includes means 1402 for transmitting a power signal. In an embodiment, means 1402 for transmitting a power signal may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1302. The wireless charger 1400 further includes means 1404 for scanning for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices. In an embodiment, means 1404 for scanning for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1304. The wireless charger 1400 further includes means 1406 for receiving a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal. In an embodiment, means 1406 for receiving a connection solicitation via the wireless communications network from the charging device in response to the transmitted power signal may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1306. The wireless charger 1400 further includes means 1408 for transmitting a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation. In an embodiment, means 1408 for transmitting a connection request to establish a connection with the charging device in response to the received connection solicitation may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1308.
FIG. 15 is a flowchart of an exemplary method 1500 for connecting with a wireless charger wirelessly via a wireless communications network (e.g., a personal area network that uses a Bluetooth interface). In an embodiment, the steps in flowchart 1500 may be performed by charging device 704. Although the method of flowchart 1500 is described herein with reference to a particular order, in various embodiments, blocks herein may be performed in a different order, or omitted, and additional blocks may be added. A person having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the method of flowchart 1500 may be implemented in device that may be configured to be charged by another device via the wireless transfer of power.
At block 1502, the method 1500 receives a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger. At block 1504, the method 1500 generates a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received. At block 1506, the method 1500 transmits the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network. At block 1508, the method 1500 receives a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of a charging device 1600, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Charging device 1600 comprises means 1602, means 1604, means 1606, and means 1608 for the various actions discussed with respect to FIGS. 1-12. The charging device 1600 includes means 1602 for receiving a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger. In an embodiment, means 1602 for receiving a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1502. The charging device 1600 further includes means 1604 for generating a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received. In an embodiment, means 1604 for generating a connection solicitation in response to the power signal is received may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1504. The charging device 1600 further includes means 1606 for transmitting the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network. In an embodiment, means 1606 for transmitting the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1506. The charging device 1600 further includes means 1608 for receiving a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation. In an embodiment, means 1608 for receiving a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation may be configured to perform one or more of the functions discussed above with respect to block 1508.
The various operations of methods described above may be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the operations, such as various hardware and/or software component(s), circuits, and/or module(s). Generally, any operations illustrated in the Figures may be performed by corresponding functional means capable of performing the operations. The means for transmitting a power signal and the means for transmitting a connection request comprise a transmitter. The means for detecting a load comprises a load detector. The means for scanning for one or more connection solicitations transmitted by devices comprises a device scanner. The means for receiving a connection solicitation comprises a receiver. The means for receiving a power signal and the means for receiving a connection request comprise a receiver. The means for generating a connection solicitation comprises a processor. The means for transmitting the connection solicitation comprises a transmitter.
1. A charging device for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network, the charging device comprising:
a receiver configured to receive a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger, wherein receipt of the power signal causes the receiver to be detectable by the wireless charger;
a processor configured to generate a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received; and
a transmitter configured to transmit the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network, the receiver further configured to receive a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
2. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the connection solicitation is broadcasted by the transmitter.
3. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the power signal charges the charging device.
4. The charging device of claim 3, wherein the processor is further configured to operate in one of a charger powered mode, in which the charging device does not include enough power to operate in a normal mode while charging, or a self-powered mode, in which the charging device includes enough power to operate in the normal mode while charging.
5. The charging device of claim 4, wherein the charger powered mode is supported by a first physical implementation and the self-powered mode is supported by a second physical implementation, wherein the processor is configured to operate in the charger powered mode, and wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a command to terminate the connection with the wireless charger when the charging device receives a sufficient amount of power such that the processor can operate in the normal mode while the charging device is charging.
6. The charging device of claim 5, wherein the processor is further configured to transition into the self-powered mode when the charging device receives a sufficient amount of power such that the processor can operate in the normal mode while the charging device is charging, and wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a message to reestablish a connection with the wireless charger.
7. The charging device of claim 4, wherein the charger powered mode is supported by a first physical implementation and the self-powered mode is supported by a second physical implementation.
8. The charging device of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to transition from the charger powered mode to the self-powered mode when the charging device receives a sufficient amount of power such that the processor can operate in the normal mode while the charging device is charging without terminating the connection with the wireless charger.
9. The charging device of claim 4, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a command to initiate a charging operation in the charging device when the processor is operating in the self-powered mode.
10. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a charging report to the wireless charger, the charging report comprising a current charging level of the charging device.
11. The charging device of claim 10, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a stop charging command from the wireless charger based on the transmitted charging report.
12. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the wireless communications network uses a predetermined protocol for communication.
13. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the connection solicitation comprises charging information associated with a charging service.
14. The charging device of claim 13, wherein the charging information comprises a target device address and a charging service type.
15. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the connection request is received in a communication separate from the received power signal.
16. A method for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network, the method comprising:
receiving by a load a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger, wherein receipt of the power signal causes the wireless charger to detect the load;
generating a connection solicitation by a processor in response to the power signal being received by the load;
transmitting the connection solicitation by a transmitter via the wireless communications network; and
receiving a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein transmitting the connection solicitation comprises broadcasting the connection request via the wireless communications network.
18. The method of claim 16, further comprising charging based on the received power signal.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising operating in one of a charger powered mode, in which not enough power is available to operate in a normal mode while charging, or a self-powered mode, in which enough power is available to operate in the normal mode while charging.
operating in the charger powered mode; and
transmitting a command to terminate the connection with the wireless charger when a sufficient amount of power is received to operate in the normal mode while charging, wherein the charger powered mode is supported by a first physical implementation and the self-powered mode is supported by a second physical implementation.
transitioning into the self-powered mode when a sufficient amount of power is received to operate in the normal mode while charging; and
transmitting a message to reestablish a connection with the wireless charger.
22. The method of claim 19, further comprising transitioning from the charger powered mode to the self-powered mode when a sufficient amount of power is received to operate in the normal mode while charging without terminating the connection with the wireless charger, wherein the charger powered mode is supported by a first physical implementation and the self-powered mode is supported by the first physical implementation.
23. The method of claim 19, further comprising receiving a command to initiate a charging operation when operating in the self-powered mode.
24. The method of claim 16, further comprising transmitting a charging report to the wireless charger via the wireless communications network, the charging report comprising a current charging level of a charging device.
25. The method of claim 24, further comprising receiving a stop charging command from the wireless charger via the wireless communications network, based on the transmitted charging report.
26. The method of claim 16, wherein transmitting the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network comprises transmitting the connection solicitation using a Bluetooth protocol.
27. The method of claim 16, wherein generating a connection solicitation comprises generating the connection solicitation comprising charging information associated with a charging service.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein the charging information comprises a target device address and a charging service type.
29. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving a connection request comprises receiving the connection request in a communication separate from the received power signal.
30. An apparatus for connecting with a wireless charger via a wireless communications network, the apparatus comprising:
means for receiving a power signal transmitted by the wireless charger, wherein receipt of the power signal causes the receiving means to be detectable by the wireless charger;
means for generating a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received;
means for transmitting the connection solicitation via the wireless communications network; and
means for receiving a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein means for transmitting the connection solicitation comprises means for broadcasting the connection solicitation.
32. The apparatus of claim 30, further comprising means for charging based on the received power signal.
33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the means for receiving a power signal and the means for receiving a connection request comprise a receiver, wherein the means for generating comprises a processor, and wherein the means for transmitting comprises a transmitter.
receive a power signal transmitted by a wireless charger, wherein receipt of the power signal causes the wireless charger to detect the apparatus;
generate a connection solicitation in response to the power signal being received;
transmit the connection solicitation via a wireless communications network; and
receive a connection request to establish a connection with the wireless charger in response to the transmitted connection solicitation.
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