Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US5687591?dq=7,321,221
Timestamp: 2016-06-28 10:43:21
Document Index: 589931179

Matched Legal Cases: ['application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 08', 'application No. 60']

Patent US5687591 - Spherical or polyhedral dry cleaning articles - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsArticles especially adapted for in-home dry cleaning comprise a carrier in spherical or polyhedral form which is impregnated with a cleaning composition. Multiple articles are placed together with soiled garments in a sealed bag and tumbled, preferably in a hot air clothes dryer, to clean and refresh...http://www.google.com/patents/US5687591?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5687591 - Spherical or polyhedral dry cleaning articlesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5687591 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/543,970Publication dateNov 18, 1997Filing dateOct 17, 1995Priority dateJun 20, 1995Fee statusLapsedAlso published asCA2225538A1, EP0833888A1, WO1997000939A1Publication number08543970, 543970, US 5687591 A, US 5687591A, US-A-5687591, US5687591 A, US5687591AInventorsMichael Peter Siklosi, Thomas Allen DesMaraisOriginal AssigneeThe Procter & Gamble CompanyExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (121), Non-Patent Citations (33), Referenced by (45), Classifications (17), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSpherical or polyhedral dry cleaning articles
US 5687591 AAbstract
Articles especially adapted for in-home dry cleaning comprise a carrier in spherical or polyhedral form which is impregnated with a cleaning composition. Multiple articles are placed together with soiled garments in a sealed bag and tumbled, preferably in a hot air clothes dryer, to clean and refresh the garments.
1. A fabric cleaning article comprising a substantially spherical, or polyhedral, compressible absorbent substrate carrying a cleaning composition comprising an organic solvent, a polyacrylate emulsifier, water, 1-2 octanediol and optional surfactants removable to fabrics by contact therewith.
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/493,199, filed Jun. 20, 1995 now abandoned.
The present invention relates to freely moving, compressible spheres or polyhedra which carry a composition to clean garments in a dry cleaning process. The spheres are especially useful for in-home dry cleaning.
Dry cleaning processes are disclosed in: EP 429,172A1, published May 29, 1991, Leigh, et al.; and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,238,587, issued Aug. 24, 1993, Smith, et al. Other references relating to dry cleaning compositions and processes, as well as wrinkle treatments for fabrics, include: GB 1,598,911; and U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,126,563, 3,949,137, 3,593,544, 3,647,354; 3,432,253 and 1,747,324; and German applications 2,021,561 and 2,460,239, 0,208,989 and 4,007,362. Cleaning/pre-spotting compositions and methods are also disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,102,573; 5,041,230; 4,909,962; 4,115,061; 4,886,615; 4,139,475; 4,849,257; 5,112,358; 4,659,496; 4,806,254; 5,213,624; 4,130,392; and 4,395,261. Sheet substrates for use in a laundry dryer are disclosed in Canadian 1,005,204. U.S. Pat. No. 3,956,556 and 4,007,300 relate to perforated sheets for fabric conditioning in a clothes dryer. U.S. Pat. No. 4,692,277 discloses the use of 1,2-octanediol in liquid cleaners. See also U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,591,510; 3,737,387; 3,764,544; 3,882,038; 3,907,496; 4,097,397; 4,102,824; 4,336,024; 4,606,842; 4,758,641; 4,797,310; 4,802,997; 4,943,392; 4,966,724; 4,983,317; 5,004,557; 5,062,973; 5,080,822; 5,173,200; EP 0 213 500; EP0 261 718; G.B. 1,397,475; WO 91/09104; WO 91/13145; WO 93/25654 and Hunt, D. G. and N. H. Morris, "PnB and DPnB Glycol Ethers", HAPPI, April 1989, pp. 78-82.
The present invention encompasses a preferred fabric cleaning article comprising a compressible, substantially spherical, absorbent substrate carrying a cleaning composition removable to fabrics by contact therewith. In a typical mode, the spheres have a diameter of from about 1 cm to about 5 cm. Polyhedral structures which approximate spheres, e.g., "geodesic" structures formed by combining two eicosahedral structures, are equivalent to the spheres for the purposes of this invention. Other polyhedral structures are also useful herein, as will be seen hereinafter.
FIG. 1 is a perspective of a cleaning sphere of the present invention.
The carrier spheres and polyhedra for the cleaning compositions herein and their use in the dry cleaning process of the present invention are described hereinafter.
Substrate--The carrier herein is in the form of a soft, compressible spherical (or polyhedral) body which substantially maintains its structural integrity throughout the cleaning process. Such spheres (or polyhedra) can be prepared, for example, using well-known methods for manufacturing non-woven sheets, paper towels, fibrous batts, cores for bandages, diapers and catamenials, and the like, using materials such as wood pulp, cotton, rayon, polyester fibers, and mixtures thereof. Woven cloth may also be used, but is not preferred over non-wovens due to cost considerations. The hydroentangled absorbent material available from Dexter, Non-Wovens Division, The Dexter Corporation as HYDRASPUN�, especially Grade 10244, is preferred herein. Most preferably, the compressible carrier is prepared from absorbent natural or synthetic sponges, absorbent open-cell foams such as polyurethane, and the like.
The preferred carrier spheres (or other polyhedra) should be of a size which provides sufficient surface area that effective contact between the surface of the carrier and the surface of the fabrics being cleaned is achieved. Of course, the size should not be so large as to be unhandy for the user. Typically, the dimensions of a sphere will be sufficient to provide a macroscopic total surface area of at least about 12 cm2, preferably in the range from about 12 cm2 to about 315 cm2.
The flexible container used herein can be provided in any number of configurations, and is conveniently in the form of a flexible pouch, or "bag", which has sufficient volume to contain the fabrics being cleaned. The container can be of any convenient size, and should be sufficiently large to allow tumbling of the container and fabrics therein, but should not be so large as to interfere with the operation of the tumbling apparatus. With special regard to containers intended for use in hot air clothes dryers, the container must not be so large as to block the air vents. If desired, the container may be small enough to handle only a single shirt, blouse or sweater, or be sufficiently large to handle a man's suit. Suitable containers can be manufactured from any economical material, such as polyester, polypropylene, and the like, with the proviso that it must not melt if used in contact with hot dryer air. It is preferred that the walls of the container be substantially impermeable to water vapor and solvent vapor under the intended usage conditions. It is also preferred that such containers be provided with a sealing means which is sufficiently stable to remain closed during the cleaning process. Simple tie strings or wires, various snap closures such as ZIP LOK� closures, and VELCRO�-type closures, contact adhesives, adhesive tape, zipper-type closures, and the like, suffice.
Dry cleaning articles in spherical form are assembled using an open cell foam and a cleaning composition prepared by admixing the following ingredients.
______________________________________Ingredient        % (wt.)______________________________________BPP*              7.01,2-octanediol    0.5PEMULEN TR-1**    0.15KOH               0.08Perfume           0.75Water and Minors***             Balance______________________________________ *Isomer mixture, available from Dow Chemical Co. **PEMULEN TR2, B. F. Goodrich, may be substituted. ***Includes preservatives such as KATHON �.
The cleaning composition can also optionally contain 0.50% (wt.) of a mixture of MgAE1 S, MgAE6.5 S and C12 amine oxide surfactants, in the range of 1:1:1 to 0.5:1:1. A 1:1 to 2:1 mixture of MgAE1 S/C12 amine oxide can also be used.
The following illustrates a typical process herein in more detail, but is not intended to be limiting thereof.
As shown in FIG. 2, a flat sheet (2) of flexible plastic with a patch of Velcro�-type fastener is provided as a sealing means (3). A bag is formed by folding the sheet and bonding along border (4). As shown in FIG. 3, closure flap (5) with sealing means (3) allows closing and sealing of the bag by imposing sealing means (3) onto contact surface (6). In a typical mode, 3 to 10, preferably 5 to 10, dry cleaning spheres (1) of the type described in Example I are placed in the plastic bag having a volume of about 25,000 cm3, as shown in FIG. 3. Up to about 2 kg of dry garments to be cleaned are then placed in the bag. When the garments and the dry cleaning spheres are placed in the bag, the air is preferably not squeezed out of the bag before closing and sealing. This allows the bag to billow, thereby providing sufficient space for the fabrics and cleaning spheres to tumble freely together. The bag is then closed, sealed and placed in a conventional hot-air clothes dryer. The dryer is started and the bag is tumbled for a period of 20-30 minutes at a dryer air temperature in the range from about 50� C. to about 85� C. During this time, the dry cleaning spheres move freely, thereby providing effective contact with the fabrics. After the machine cycle is complete, the bag and its contents are removed from the dryer, and the spent dry cleaning spheres are discarded. The plastic bag is retained for re-use. The fabrics are cleaned and refreshed. The water present in the cleaning composition serves to minimize wrinkles in the fabrics.
______________________________________Ingredient         % (wt.) Formula Range______________________________________BPP*               5-25%1,2-Octanediol     0.1-7%MgAE1 S       0.01-0.8%MgAE6.5 S     0.01-0.8%C12 Dimethyl Amine Oxide              0.01-0.8%PEMULEN**          0.05-0.20%Perfume            0.01-1.5%Water              BalancepH range from about 6 to about 8.______________________________________ *Other solvents or cosolvents which can be used herein include various glycol ethers, including materials marketed under trademarks such as Carbitol, methyl Carbitol, butyl Carbitol, propyl Carbitol, and hexyl Cellosolve, and especially methoxy propoxy propanol (MPP), ethoxy propoxy propanol (EPP), propoxy propoxy propanol (PPP), and all isomers and mixtures, respectively, of MPP, EPP, and PPP, and the like, and mixtures thereof. Indeed, although somewhat less preferred, the MPP, EPP and PPP, respectively, can replace the BPP solvent in the foregoing cleaning compositions. The levels of these solvents, and their ratios with 1,2octanediol, are the same as with the preferred BPP solvent. If desired and having due regard for safety and odor for inhome use, various conventionl chlorinated and hydrocarbon dry cleaning solvents may also be used. Included among these are 1,2dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, isoparaffins, and mixtures thereof. **As disclosed in U.S. Pats. 4,758,641 and 5,004,557, such polyacrylates include homopolymers which may be crosslinked to varying degrees, as well as noncrosslinked. Preferred herein are homopolymers having a molecular weight in the range of from about 100,000 to about 10,000,000, preferably 200,000 to 5,000,000.
______________________________________INGREDIENT       PERCENT (wt.)                         (RANGE)______________________________________Butoxypropoxy propanol (BPP)            7.000        4.0-25.0%NEODOL 23 - 6.5* 0.750        0.05-2.5%1,2-Octanediol   0.500        0.1-10.0%Perfume          0.750        0.1-2.0%Pemulen TR-1     0.125        0.05-0.2%Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)            0.060        0.024-0.10Potassium Chloride            0.075        0.02-0.20Water (distilled or deionized)            90.740       60.0-95.0%Target pH = 7.0______________________________________ *Shell; C12 -C13 alcohol, ethoxylated with average EO of 6.5.
15-25 Grams of a composition of the foregoing type are placed on 5-10 carrier spheres for use in the manner disclosed herein. A preferred carrier substrate used to produce the spheres comprises a binderless (or optional low binder), hydroentangled absorbent material, especially a material which is formulated from a blend of cellulosic, rayon, polyester and optional bicomponent fibers. Such materials are available from Dexter, Non-Wovens Division, The Dexter Corporation as HYDRASPUN�, especially Grade 10244. The manufacture of such materials forms no part of this invention and is already disclosed in the literature. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,009,747, Viazmensky, et al., Apr. 23, 1991 and 5,292,581, Viazmensky, et al., Mar. 8, 1994, incorporated herein by reference. Preferred materials for use herein have the following physical properties.
______________________________________       Grade            Optional       10244  Targets   Range______________________________________Basis Weight  gm/m2                  55        35-75Thickness     microns  355       100-1500Density       gm/cc    0.155     0.1-0.25Dry Tensile   gm/25 mmMD                     1700      400-2500CD                     650       100-500Wet Tensile   gm/25 mmMD*                    700       200-1250CD*                    300       100-500Brightness    %        80        60-90Absorption Capacity         %        735       400-900 (H2 O)Dry Mullen    gm/cm2                  1050      700-1200______________________________________ *MD  machine direction; CD  cross direction
5-10 Spheres of the foregoing type are placed together with the fabrics to be dry cleaned in a flexible containment bag having dimensions as noted hereinabove and sealing means. In a preferred mode, the containment bag is constructed of thermal resistant film in order to provide resistance to hot spots (350� F.-400� F.; 177� C. to 204� C.) which can develop in some dryers. This avoids internal self-sealing and external surface deformation of the bag, thereby allowing the bag to be re-used.
Besides the optional nonionic surfactants used in the cleaning compositions and articles herein, which are preferably C8 -C18 ethoxylated (E01-15) alcohols or the corresponding ethoxylated alkyl phenols, the compositions can contain enzymes to further enhance cleaning performance. Lipases, amylases and protease enzymes, or mixtures thereof, can be used. If used, such enzymes will typically comprise from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%, by weight, of the composition. Commercial detersive enzymes such as LIPOLASE, ESPERASE, ALCALASE, SAVINASE and TERMAMYL (all ex. NOVO) and MAXATASE and RAPIDASE (ex. International Bio-Synthesis, Inc.) can be used.
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(Abstract only).21 *U.S. application No. 08/544,228, Siklosi, filed Oct. 17, 1995.22 *U.S. application No. 08/544,234, Siklosi et al., filed Oct. 17, 1995.23 *U.S. application No. 08/544,235, Roetker, filed Oct. 17, 1995.24 *U.S. application No. 08/544,239, Hortel, filed Oct. 17, 1995.25 *U.S. application No. 08/544,354, Young et al., filed Oct. 17, 1995.26 *U.S. application No. 08/544,360, Siklosi et al., filed Oct. 17, 1995.27 *U.S. application No. 08/544,373, Roetker, filed Oct. 17, 1995.28 *U.S. application No. 08/544229, Trinh et al., filed Oct. 17, 1995.29 *U.S. application No. 08/545,441, Davis, filed Oct. 17, 1995.30 *U.S. application No. 08/545,442, Roetker et al., filed Oct. 17, 1995.31 *U.S. application No. 60/005,684, Davis et al., filed Oct. 17, 1995.32Vance, R.G., N.H. Morris & C. M. Olson, "Coupling Solvent Effects on Water-Reducible Alkyd Resins", Proc. Water-Born Higher-Solids Coat. Symp., 16th (1989), pp. 269-282 (Abstract only).33 *Vance, R.G., N.H. Morris & C. M. 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Interholding GmbhPor�ses, wasserunl�sliches Tr�germaterial mit Tensidbeschichtung und seine Verwendung* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification68/212, 34/330International ClassificationC11D17/00, D06F35/00, D06L1/00, D06F43/00, C11D17/04, D06L1/04, D06L1/02Cooperative ClassificationD06L1/04, D06F43/00, D06L1/02, C11D17/047European ClassificationD06L1/04, D06L1/02, D06F43/00, C11D17/04B6Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMay 19, 1997ASAssignmentOwner name: PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, THE, OHIOFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DESMARAIS, THOMAS ALLEN;SIKLOSI, MICHAEL PETER;REEL/FRAME:008532/0660;SIGNING DATES FROM 19960108 TO 19960304Apr 26, 2001FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Mar 29, 2005FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8May 25, 2009REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedNov 18, 2009LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesJan 5, 2010FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20091118RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services