Source: https://www.legalcrystal.com/case/98230/woods-vs-hills
Timestamp: 2017-08-19 17:05:43
Document Index: 428229156

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 205', '§ 204', '§ 1', '§ 203', '§ 203', '§ 205', '§ 205', '§ 5', '§ 204', '§ 1', '§ 204', '§ 204', '§ 1', '§ 204', '§ 204', '§ 203', '§ 204', '§ 203', '§ 203', '§ 203', '§ 204', '§ 204', '§ 203']

Woods Vs Hills - Citation 98230 - Court Judgment | LegalCrystal
Woods Vs. Hills - Court Judgment
LegalCrystal Citation legalcrystal.com/98230
Case Number 334 U.S. 210
Respondent Hills
.....the circuit court of appeals for the tenth circuit syllabus under § 205 of the emergency price control act, the administrator brought an action based on an alleged overcharge of rent. the issue, by stipulation of the parties, was the validity of the second of two orders of the rent director reducing maximum rents on property of the defendant. the district court entered judgment for the defendant in 1946. an appeal by the administrator was not submitted in the circuit court of appeals until september 10, 1947, and the emergency price control act expired, by its terms, on june 30, 1947. held: 1. section 204(d) of the emergency price control act precluded the district court in 1946 from determining the validity of the individual rent order, even though the.....
Woods v. Hills - 334 U.S. 210 (1948)
U.S. Supreme Court Woods v. Hills, 334 U.S. 210 (1948)
1. Section 204(d) of the Emergency Price Control Act precluded the District Court in 1946 from determining the validity of the individual rent order, even though the defense to the action brought there was based on the alleged invalidity of the order, since exclusive jurisdiction to pass on the validity of a regulation or an order issued by the Administrator was vested in the Emergency Court of Appeals and in this Court upon review of judgments and orders of the Emergency Court. Pp. 334 U. S. 211 -214.
2. On remand, the District Court will not have jurisdiction to determine the validity of the second rent order, and should not be directed by the Circuit Court of Appeals to pass on the validity of the order. Pp. 334 U. S. 211 -212, 218.
by the Supplemental Appropriation Act of July 30, 1947, was to abrogate the statutory right the defendant in the present case previously had to apply to the District Court for leave to file a complaint in the Emergency Court of Appeals, wherefore the latter court no longer has jurisdiction pursuant to § 204(e) over any complaint which defendant may desire to file with it to contest the validity of the second rent order. Pp. 334 U. S. 215 -216.
4. Under § 1(b) of the Emergency Price Control Act, the Emergency Court of Appeals still has jurisdiction to review rent orders issued under the Price Control Act, through the protest and complaint procedure prescribed by §§ 203(a) and 204(a) as amended, although a 1947 amendment expressly recognizes the right of the United States or any officer thereof to dismiss any protest under § 203 on the ground of laches. Pp. 334 U. S. 216 -218.
Upon an appeal from a judgment of the District Court for the defendant in an action by the Temporary Controls Administrator (succeeded by the Housing Expediter) under § 205 of the Emergency Price Control Act based on an alleged overcharge of rent, the Circuit Court of Appeals certified questions to this Court which are here answered, pp. 334 U. S. 212 -213, 334 U. S. 218 .
The certificate states that this is an action brought by the Administrator for treble damages and for an injunction
Page 334 U. S. 212
under § 205 of the Emergency Price Control Act [ Footnote 1 ] and under the Rent Regulation for Housing. [ Footnote 2 ] Hills, the defendant below, remodeled apartments located in a Defense Rental Area, subject to the Rent Regulations, and duly registered them. Thereafter, on December 17, 1943, the maximum rents were reduced by the Area Rent Director pursuant to § 5(c) of the Regulation, and on March 7, 1945, the Rent Director issued an order further reducing the maximum rents.
"(1) On remand, will the District Court of the United States for the District of Kansas, First Division, have jurisdiction to determine the validity of
Page 334 U. S. 213
the second rent order, and should we direct the District Court to pass on the validity of such rent order?"
There can be no doubt that the exclusive jurisdiction conferred on the Emergency Court of Appeals by § 204(d) [ Footnote 3 ] precluded the District Court in 1946 from determining
Page 334 U. S. 214
the validity of the individual rent order even though the defense to the action brought there was based on the alleged invalidity of the order. [ Footnote 4 ]
Since the offense complained of in the case at bar occurred before the termination date, § 1(b) would apply, and the Emergency Court of Appeals would still have exclusive jurisdiction to pass on the validity of the second rent order if additional prerequisites set forth in § 204(e)(1) of the statute were satisfied. [ Footnote 5 ]
"Within thirty days after arraignment, or such additional time as the court may allow for good cause shown, in any criminal proceeding,
Page 334 U. S. 215
and within five days after judgment in any civil or criminal proceeding, brought pursuant to section 205 of this Act or section 37 of the Criminal Code, involving alleged violation of any provision of any regulation of order issued under section 2 or of any price schedule effective in accordance with the provisions of section 206, the defendant may apply to the court in which the proceeding is pending for leave to file in the Emergency Court of Appeals a complaint against the Administrator setting forth objections to the validity of any provision which the defendant is alleged to have violated or conspired to violate. The court in which the proceeding is pending shall grant such leave with respect to any objection which it finds is made in good faith and with respect to which it finds there is reasonable and substantial excuse for the defendant's failure to present such objection in a protest filed in accordance with section 203(a). [ Footnote 6 ] Upon the filing of a complaint pursuant to and within thirty days from the granting of such leave, the Emergency Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction to enjoin or set aside in whole or in part the provision of the regulation, order, or price schedule complained of or to dismiss the complaint. . . ."
"Within sixty days after the date of enactment of this amendment, or within sixty days after arraignment in any criminal proceedings and within sixty days after commencement of any civil proceedings
Page 334 U. S. 216
brought pursuant to section 205 of this Act or section 37 of the Criminal Code, involving alleged violation of any provision of any regulation or order issued under section 2 or alleged violation of any price schedule effective in accordance with the provisions of section 206 with respect to which responsibility was transferred to the Department of Commerce by Executive Order 9841, [ Footnote 7 ] the defendant may apply to the court in which the proceeding is pending for leave to file in the Emergency Court of Appeals a complaint against the Administrator setting forth objections to the validity of any provision which the defendant is alleged to have violated or conspired to violate."
We may now consider what effect the 1947 amendment, thus viewed, has upon the "exclusive jurisdiction" provision in § 204(d), which was preserved by the saving cause of § 1(b). If elimination of the complaint procedure of § 204(e) as a remedy for those seeking to challenge rent orders meant the elimination of all provision for review by the Emergency Court of Appeals, it might be argued that preservation of the ban imposed by
Page 334 U. S. 217
§ 204(d) on district court adjudication of the validity of rent orders would be a denial of due process to a defendant charged with a violation of an order.
However, the 1947 amendment left unimpaired the provision in § 203(a) for review of rent orders by filing protests with the Administrator ( i.e., the Housing Expediter, as transferee of the Administrator's rent control functions). A denial of such a protest may be reviewed in the Emergency Court of Appeals by filing a complaint pursuant to § 204(a). Prior to an amendment added by the Stabilization Extension Act of 1944, protests could be filed under § 203(a) only within a period of sixty days after the issuance of the regulation or order sought to be challenged. Under the 1944 amendment, which is preserved unchanged for rent orders, this period was extended so that protests can be filed "[a]t any time after the issuance" of the regulation or order, although the 1947 amendment expressly takes cognizance of the right of the United States or any officer thereof to dismiss any protest under § 203 on the ground of laches. [ Footnote 8 ]
Thus, it appears that the Emergency Court of Appeals may still be able to acquire jurisdiction to review rent orders, issued under the Price Control Act, by means of the protest and complaint procedure of §§ 203(a) and 204(a). Accordingly, the exclusive jurisdiction provision in § 204(d) is not a meaningless anomaly so far as review of rent control orders is concerned, and it remains as substantial a barrier to review of the second rent order by the District Court as it was held to be in Yakus v. United States, 321 U. S. 414 . There, this Court
Page 334 U. S. 218
ruled that defendants could not attack the validity of price regulations in a prosecution in a District Court even though the Emergency Price Control Act, as then drawn, made no provision for review by the complaint procedure later set up under § 204(e) (and now abandoned so far as rent orders are concerned). The only judicial review then available required as a preliminary the filing of a protest to the Administrator under § 203(a) within sixty days after the promulgation of the order or regulation. That statutory review procedure, whose constitutionality was upheld in the Yakus case, is still preserved to defendants charged with violations of rent orders issued under the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942. [ Footnote 9 ] If anything, the judicial review still available to such defendants is even broader than the procedure sustained in the Yakus case, since the sixty-day limitation on the filing of protests no longer applies to rent orders.
See Bowles v. Willingham, 321 U. S. 503 , 321 U. S. 510 -511, 321 U. S. 521 ; Yakus v. United States, 321 U. S. 414 .
Cf. 150 East 47th Street Corporation v. Porter, 156 F.2d 541. Moreover, the terms of a 1947 amendment, discussed infra, pp. 334 U. S. 215 -217, clearly show congressional recognition that this exclusive jurisdiction continued after the termination date.