Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN101300878B/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-25 16:57:32
Document Index: 710501554

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 204', 'art 204', 'art 204', 'art 204', 'art 204', 'art 278', 'art 278']

CN101300878B - Data transmission device and method in communication system - Google Patents
Data transmission device and method in communication system Download PDF
CN101300878B
CN101300878B CN 200680040427 CN200680040427A CN101300878B CN 101300878 B CN101300878 B CN 101300878B CN 200680040427 CN200680040427 CN 200680040427 CN 200680040427 A CN200680040427 A CN 200680040427A CN 101300878 B CN101300878 B CN 101300878B
CN 200680040427
CN101300878A (en
A·霍蒂宁
2006-09-27 Application filed by 诺基亚公司 filed Critical 诺基亚公司
2006-09-27 Priority to PCT/FI2006/050414 priority patent/WO2007036609A1/en
2008-11-05 Publication of CN101300878A publication Critical patent/CN101300878A/en
2013-03-06 Publication of CN101300878B publication Critical patent/CN101300878B/en
The apparatus and method that are used for the transfer of data of communication system
The present invention relates to a kind of transmitter, a kind of receiver, a kind of data transmission system, a kind of data transmission method and a kind of computer program.More particularly, the present invention relates to and the transfer of data that in receiver, the forbidding of at least one receiver radiation figure is combined.
The third generation (3G) and the 4th generation (4G) telecommunication system and WLAN (wireless local area network) adopt a plurality of frequency ranges, and need handover measurement to determine using arbitrarily which frequency range preset time.Relevant method is called as inter-frequency measurements (inter-frequency measurement), and inter-frequency measurements is used as the input to handoff protocol between system or between frequency or other resource control unit.
At US 6,741, illustrated inter-frequency measurements among 587 B2.In this list of references, a reception antenna is reserved, and being used for inter-frequency measurements, and accordingly, a transmitting antenna is disabled.Because disclosed method can not be used all transmitting antennas in the described list of references during inter-frequency measurements, so optimally do not use transmitter resources.Further, the transmission availability during measuring is traded off.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Innovative method and device, in order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming.
In one aspect of the invention, a kind of transmitter for communication system is provided, described transmitter is configured to: use at least two to send radiation diagrams and will comprise that the signal of code element sends to receiver, thereby so that the information content of the code element of time span T send with at least two transmission radiation diagrams; Recognize: use N receiver radiation figure of described receiver forbidding of Nr receiver radiation figure, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thereby so that form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure with for the reception signal transmitted; Adaptive transmission radiation diagram or number of symbols, thereby so that when receiving with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element that sent in the time interval in length T be less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
In another aspect of this invention, a kind of receiver for communication system is provided, described receiver is configured to: by come to receive the signal that comprises code element from transmitter with Nr receiver radiation figure, described code element is sent as so that the information content of the code element of time span T sends with at least two transmission radiation diagrams; Forbid N receiver radiation figure and receive signal transmitted, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thus form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure; The signal transmitted that reception is adapted, the described signal transmitted that is adapted is adapted to effectively receiver radiation figure of N-Nr, thereby so that when receive with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element in the time interval in length T or transmission radiation diagram be less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
In another aspect of the invention, a kind of data transmission system is provided, comprise: first transceiver, it is configured to: send the signal that comprises code element by sending radiation diagram with at least two, described signal is sent to the second transceiver that receives by Nr receiver radiation figure, thereby so that the information content of the code element of time span T sends radiation diagram via at least two and is sent out, described first transceiver be further configured for: recognize: N receiver radiation figure of described second transceiver forbidding, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thereby so that form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure to be used for receiving signal transmitted; Adaptive transmission radiation diagram or number of symbols, thus the quantity of the code element that sent in the time interval in length T is less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that is sent in the time interval in length T when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure when described second transceiver receives with Nr-N receiver radiation figure.
In another aspect of the invention, a kind of data transmission method is provided, may further comprise the steps: by sending radiation diagrams with at least two the signal that comprises code element is sent to the second transceiver that receives by Nr receiver radiation figure from first transceiver, thereby so that the information content of the code element of time span T via at least two transmission radiation diagrams and be sent out; In described first transceiver, recognize: N receiver radiation figure of described second transceiver forbidding, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thereby so that form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure to be used for the reception signal transmitted; Adaptive transmission radiation diagram or number of symbols, thereby so that when described second transceiver receives with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element that sent in the time interval in length T be less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
In further aspect of the present invention, a kind of computer program is provided, comprise for the software code part of carrying out following steps: by sending radiation diagrams with at least two the signal that comprises code element is sent to the second transceiver that receives by Nr receiver radiation figure from first transceiver, thereby so that the information content of the code element of time span T via at least two transmission radiation diagrams and be sent out; In described first transceiver, recognize: N receiver radiation figure of described second transceiver forbidding, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thereby so that form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure to be used for the reception signal transmitted; Adaptive transmission radiation diagram or number of symbols, thereby so that when described second transceiver receives with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element that sent in the time interval in length T be less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed in the dependent claims.
As example, the present invention can be applied to UTRAN (UMTS terrestrial radio Access Network), and it belongs to third generation telecommunication system, and is realized by WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)) technology.Yet, the invention is not restricted to the WCDMA radio interface, but exist for example with MC-CDMA (MC-CDMA) or OFDM (OFDM) technology or its any application in conjunction with being realized.The present invention can be applied to carry out the system of system (for example MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) and MISO (the single output of many inputs)) of multi-antenna transmission usually.
In the present invention, transmitter (for example base station) sends to receiver with signal, and described receiver can be mobile radio station for example.Described transmitter sends described signal by using at least two transmission radiation diagrams.Can use one or more transmitting antennas to select the spatial weighting of the signal that directional antenna technique, closed loop or open loop wave beam form, send from antenna by applicable sector, space, perhaps by making two similar radiation diagrams send or send with different polarization from different spatial, form each and send radiation diagram.
Described receiver can have at least two receiver radiation figure that can be used for receiving signal transmitted.With transmitter accordingly, receiver radiation figure also can be by setting up with one or more antennas.
In the present invention, transmitter is found: receiver is forbidden one or more receiver radiation figure and is received signal transmitted.Described transmitter can be by explicit transmitting orders between described transmitter and described receiver, perhaps by implicitly extracting this information from the channel measurement report that is received from described receiver, recognizes that described receiver forbids one or more radiation diagrams and become.
In one embodiment, the reason of forbidding one or more receiver radiation figure is the inter-frequency measurements of being carried out by described receiver.In one embodiment, transmitter and receiver can be passed on the time interval that will implement therein described measurement.For example, can pass on the described time interval with more high-rise signaling.In one embodiment, for example, when notice needed to switch, transmitter was initiated described inter-frequency measurements.
In another embodiment, for example, because received signal is deteriorated, described receiver can self begin inter-frequency measurements on one's own initiative.So for example when described receiver will begin to measure or when it begins to measure, described receiver can be notified described inter-frequency measurements to described transmitter.
In another embodiment, described receiver may not provide any explicit information about beginning to measure to described transmitter.Yet for example, described transmitter can implicitly be derived this information from the channel quality measurement that is received from described receiver or channel quality indicator report.
In another embodiment, described receiver is notified described transmitter: must change transmission method, reason is inter-frequency measurements or some other reason.The advantage of this embodiment is, be worth with the signal notice to inter-frequency measurement results or the parameter that derives from inter-frequency measurement results before, described receiver does not need they are notified to described transmitter with signal.So it is transparent that described receiver is measured for described transmitter.
In described measurement interval, described receiver uses in its antenna or the RF measuring unit at least one be used for to measure, and has reduced thus the quantity of reception antenna (effective antenna that namely can be used for data receiver).Described RF measuring unit can comprise: the analog RF chain, it is connected to different antennae.For example, described RF measuring unit can also be connected to the antenna more than, thereby so that comes in conjunction with the input to described measuring unit from the antenna more than before measuring.For example, the simulation phase shift can be applied in the receiver in the antenna 2, and this phase shift analog signal is incorporated in the signal that receives at antenna 1 place, with the signal of the linearity combination that is formed for a measuring unit.
In the present invention, described transmitter makes its transfer resource or method adapt to the quantity of the effective receiver radiation figure that can be used for data receiver in the described receiver.In one embodiment, adaptive its transmission of described transmitter, thereby so that with forbidding identical reliability before or after at least one receiver radiation figure, signal transmitted is receivable in described receiver.
In one embodiment, the order for the modulation matrix of modulating signal transmitted is at most the quantity of effective receiver radiation figure.
In another embodiment, described transmitter is configured to: by changing employed block encoding when empty, make its transmission adapt to the quantity of the effective receiver radiation figure in the described receiver.Shown the different modes of choice of modulation matrix among the PCT/FI2004/000449, it is integrated into this by reference.
In another embodiment, described transmitter is configured to: by reducing the employed chip rate of block encoding when empty, make the quantity after its transmission adapts to the minimizing of receiver radiation figure of described receiver.At this, chip rate means that the quantity of the substantially independent code element in the sending metrix is divided by the line number in this matrix (suppose that the row indication sends to the code element of different radiation diagrams, and row being indicated the length of code-element period, i.e. T=1).For example, in the modulation, if Baud Length T is normalized to 1, then chip rate is 1 when STTD is empty.The chip rate of modulating part when this quantizes transmission method empty with normalization, and effective code element speed also depends on the other parts of transmitter, such as channel width, encoding rate, spreading rate etc.
In one embodiment, described transmitter is configured to: keep the chip rate of described transmission, and change described at least two at least one forms that send in the radiation diagrams.For example, can realize this operation by wave beam formation or closed-loop diversity transmitting.
In one embodiment, can finish adaptive for the quantity of receiver radiation figure by changing coding gain in the described transmitter.So, for example, can with described when empty modulator approach remain STTD, but when forbid at least one receiver radiation figure receive when sending information, bandwidth expansion factor can be larger.Bandwidth expansion factor can represent turbo encoding rate or extended code or in many yards CDMA or the quantity of the parallel allocated channel in multi-carrier modulation (for example OFDM).In some cases, increase coding gain by increasing T (Baud Length).In other situation, by in the modulation matrix when the sky differently modulated symbol increase coding gain, thereby increase the efficient coding gain, as known in the art.
Remarkable advantage provided by the invention is: when one or more receiver radiation figure are under an embargo when receiving the signal send, it provides the fully use to transmitting antenna resource and reception antenna resource.
Below, with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings the present invention is described in more detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates the example of the structure of telecommunication system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the example for the structure of the device of sending and receiving signal; And
Fig. 3 illustrates the embodiment of the method according to this invention.
In the embodiment of the invention open, for disclosed simple and clear, with reference to a plurality of send/receive antennas, described send/receive antenna can be used for receiving signal.Yet the quantity of send/receive antenna can be interpreted as referring to the quantity of sending/receiving radiation diagram, forms each sending/receiving radiation diagram by using one or more send/receive antennas.
Fig. 1 is the simplified block diagram that the most important part of exemplary electrical communication system is shown in the network element rank.The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of network element only just is described when relevant with this scheme.Can use other network (for example local area network (LAN)), perhaps, its implementation of the present invention is not limited to following given discussion and example.
The major part of exemplary electrical communication system is core network (CN) 100, radio access network 130 and mobile radio station (MS) 170.For the sake of simplicity, employing is called as the radio access network of UTRAN (UMTS terrestrial radio Access Network) 130 as example.
On general rank, described telecommunication system can also be defined as and comprise mobile radio station and network portion.Mobile radio station is also referred to as subscriber equipment, terminal, subscriber's terminal and mobile phone.Network portion comprises the fixedly framework of radio system, i.e. core network and radio access network.
The structure of core network 100 with not only comprise circuit commutative field but also comprise that the system of packet-switched domain is corresponding.Same radio access network 130 can be used in these two territories.For the sake of simplicity, represent core network 100 with second generation telecom term.Although third generation telecommunication system and the 4th generation telecommunication system implementation can change, can in them, find corresponding 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.
Information Mobile Service switching center (MSC) the 102nd, the central point of the circuit-switched side of core network 100.Information Mobile Service switching center 102 is used for serving the connection of radio access network 130.The task of mobile switching centre 102 comprises: exchange, paging, user equipment location registration, handover management, subscriber's charging information collecting, encryption parameter management, frequency allocation management and echo are eliminated.
Larger core network 100 can have independently gateway Information Mobile Service switching center (GMSC) 110, and it is responsible for core network 100 and is connected with circuit switching between the external network 180.Gateway Information Mobile Service switching center 110 is between Information Mobile Service switching center 102 and external network 180.External network 180 can be for example public-land mobile network (PLMN) or PSTN (PSTN).
Service GPRS support node (SGSN) the 118th, the central point of the packet-switched side of core network 100.The main task of service GPRS support node 118 is: by using radio access network 130 or base station system, come and support the together sending and receiving grouping of mobile radio station 170 of packet-switched transmission.Service GPRS support node 118 comprises the positional information relevant with mobile radio station 170.
Gateway GRPS support node (GGSN) the 120th, and the part of the packet-switched side of gateway Information Mobile Service switching center 110 equities of circuit-switched side, yet, except be: gateway GRPS support node (GGSN) 120 also must route to external network 182 from core network 100 with business, and gateway Information Mobile Service switching center 110 only carries out route to the business that arrives.In our example, represent external network 182 by the Internet.
Radio access network 130 comprises radio network sub-system 140,150.Each radio network sub-system 140,150 comprises radio network controller (RNC) 146,156 and Node B 142,144,152,154.Node B more similarly is an abstract concept; Term " base station transceiver " or " base station " are always used interchangeably.In the present invention, Node B is called as the base station.The base station provides radio transmitting and reception to mobile radio station 170.Exist base station 142,144,152,154 can realize simultaneously the scheme of TDMA (time division multiple access) and WCDMA radio interface.
Radio network controller 146,156 implementation can change.Can exist radio network controller 146, at least a portion functional unit of 156 to be included in scheme in the base station 142,144,152,154.
Mobile radio station 170 provides access to telecommunication system for the user of mobile radio station.Exemplary mobile radio station 170 comprises two parts: mobile device (ME) 172 and UMTS subscriber identity module (USIM) 174.Mobile radio station 170 comprises at least one transceiver, to be used for setting up the radio link to radio access network 130.Mobile radio station 170 may further include two different subscriber identity modules.Mobile radio station 170 further comprises antenna, user interface and battery.Nowadays, there is dissimilar mobile radio station 170, for example is installed in equipment and portable set in the car.
USIM 174 comprises and subscriber-related information and the information relevant with information security (for example cryptographic algorithm).
Fig. 2 illustrates from first transceiver 200 to second transceiver the example of 272 the multi-antenna transmission chain that is used for message bit stream 216 (b).
In an embodiment, first transceiver 200 is base stations 142,144,152,154, and second transceiver 272 is mobile radio stations 170.
Exemplary first transceiver 200 comprises numeric field 202 and radio frequency part 204.Numeric field 202 can comprise the part of base station 142,144,152 for example, 154 base band part and radio network controller 146,156 part.Can realize numeric field 202 with digital processing unit, ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) and storage arrangement.
Device comprises controller, and described controller can be the reception controller 286 that is arranged in the transmit control device 206 of first transceiver 200 and/or is arranged in second transceiver 272.For example, transmit control device can also fully or be positioned partially among the RNC 146,156.
Transmit control device 206 can comprise inter-frequency measurements coordination unit 208 and sending controling unit 210.Coordination unit 208 can come to determine switching needs for second transceiver for information about according to the direction of motion of channel estimating information, second transceiver 272 and other.More high-rise signaling can be between first transceiver and second transceiver, used, the suitable time window of inter-frequency measurements can be carried out therein to determine second transceiver.In the situation that does not have the motion of switching or moving body, also may need inter-frequency measurements.For example when being intended to use in the resource at a plurality of transmission frequency place or need to be in a plurality of frequency ranges during the adapted transmission resource, can be side by side or this situation in turn occurs.
Sending controling unit 210 provides the transmission resource control information for first transceiver 200.
Receive controller 286 and can comprise inter-frequency measurements unit 292 and reception control unit 290.Reception control unit 290 provides the reception resource control information for second transceiver 272.
In certain embodiments, can be by using for example known signaling channel between first transceiver 200 and second transceiver 272, come the transmission information relevant with inter-frequency measurements between transmit control device 206 and reception controller 272.Therefore, embodiment is depended in coordination unit 208 between frequency, 292 implementation and position.
For example can comprise the parameter relevant with effective transmitting channel of received signal by suitable reprocessing, filtering to signal information that obtain with matrix decomposition, relevant with inter-frequency measurements: the useful signal interference ratio at channel sequence, channel characteristic value, conditional number, signal in orthogonal parameter, some the part place (for example after linear detector and colligator) in receiver chain for example, this is because these parameters or measurement are subject to the quantity of reception antenna and transmitting antenna or the impact of selection.Therefore, transmitter may need to know channel parameter, and for example, transmitter can implicitly be derived information for the reception antenna of inter-frequency measurements by described channel parameter.So correspondingly adaptive its transmission of transmitter.Therefore, measurement realization and other parameter that may be subject to the physics mimo channel affects.
The information relevant with inter-frequency measurements can also comprise about should how to change the information of the transmission method between transmitter and receiver.For example, if block encoding in the time of will changing empty between transmitter and the receiver, then the unit 290 of the unit 210 of transmitter and receiver can exchange the information about the coding that will be used.Perhaps, be not the coding that will be used with the signal notice, but the encoding option can be restricted to the predetermined codes set.For example, in one embodiment, during the forbidding reception antenna, transmitter or receiver can be always be changed into STTD with coding from DABBA, perhaps change having between two transmission methods of different qualities.The means and the signaling technology that are used for making it possible to changing transmission method are known in this area.At this, at least one in the described method should be to move to get method preferably in the mimo channel of for example or worse condition lower in order.In above-mentioned example, (frequently empty) minute block code is insensitive for the mimo channel characteristic when STTD or orthogonal space, wherein, can be only by the abundant high M1MO channel of order, basically detect clearly code element in the DABBA modulator with at least two reception antennas.
Can realize controller 206,286 with digital computer and software.Yet, can realize some function with ASIC.The antenna resource is used for describing to be measured, but they also can be other radio frequency unit in the receiver, for example RF chain.
Exemplary first transceiver 200 comprises coding unit (EC) 218, and it receives message bit stream 216 from information source (SRC) 212.For example, information source 212 can be the digital processing unit of numeric field.Provide source information 214 by sending controling unit 210 to information source, for example source speed (Rsource).Sending controling unit 210 can be connected with coordination unit 208, thereby can be according to the employed reception antenna quantity of inter-frequency measurements of being carried out by receiver and the transmission of controlling first transceiver 200 constantly.Be one of first transceiver or second transceiver, or be they both, know that specific interval is being used to inter-frequency measurements.If only receiver (second transceiver) is learnt this situation, then transmitter (first transceiver) resource needs are for example correspondingly adaptive based on channel or signal measurement or channel quality indicator, so that can receive with less antenna or RF resource.If transmitter is also known this situation, then because can some transmission methods that designed of prearrange, and can signal change between different transmission methods by seldom bit only, therefore adaptive can be faster.Source information 214 defines the bit rate that information source 212 for example outputs to message bit stream 216 coding unit 218.Information source 212 can also be according to source information 214, and potentially also according to the feedback information from receiver, come management role---scheduling and the re-transmission of for example packet.Therefore, source information can also comprise schedule information, the information relevant with channel status for example---for example channel quality, signal fadeout information, deferred constraint or for the delay punishment of given service, when being different user and/or different service distribution resource, all these information all affect relative priority.
Described scheduling can relate to packet scheduling, the order that its downlink transmission that is identified for different user is sent out, and perhaps more generally, the resource that is used for different user is distributed.Resource can be defined as the time-frequency code crack, might be combined with space resources, for example sends wave beam, beam index, wave beam code book, sending direction, sector index.Time slot allocation can be used for prioritization is carried out in the transmission of service (user who for example has best channel conditions (or channel ratio interference)); This also is applied to frequency resource and code resource.
Coding unit 218 can come information bit 216 is encoded with code (for example channel code and scrambled code), and can provide coded bit stream (c) 222 for interleave unit (IL) 224.Coding can be or can not be for the communication channel between first transceiver 200 and the second transceiver 272 and specific.Carry out coding according to the coded message 220 that is provided by sending controling unit 210.Coded message 220 can comprise for example encoding rate 220, and it characterizes the ratio that information bit 216 is encoded.In addition, for example, coded message 220 can prescribed coding multinomial or coder structure, the selection of coding method and the hole pattern that is used for selected coding method.
Interleave unit 224 can be utilized interweaving information 226 (interleave depth (N for example at predetermined amount of time i)) distributed code bit stream 222, therefore provide interleaved coded bits stream (c for modulating unit 230 j) 228.Interweaving information 226 characterizes the distribution of the coded bit stream 222 in the predetermined amount of time, and inputs to interleave unit 224 by sending controling unit 210.
Interleaved coded bits 228 can be input to modulating unit (MOD) 230, and modulating unit 230 is mapped to complex modulator vector (x) 234 with interleaved coded bits 228.Can modulation intelligence 232 be offered modulator unit 230 by sending controling unit 210.Modulation intelligence 232 characterizes described modulation, and definition for example is mapped to the quantity (M) of the interleaved coded bits 228 of complex modulator vector 234.The combination that is assigned to the modulated symbol of communication channel can be specific for this communication channel.
Complex modulator vector 234 can be outputed to spatial modulator unit (SM) 236 from modulating unit 230.Spatial modulator unit 236 with modulated symbol or/and its copy, conjugation, non-, symbol linear transformed mappings to for example multi-dimensional matrix, and at least two code elements 240 of output, 242 think that transmission provides spatial modulation.Can also come code element 240,242 is modulated with separate modulation code element or not independent modulated symbol.And two or more paralleled code elements of optional formation stream 240,242, perhaps use the every channel of other matrix modulation means to send code element more than one, this is owing to can only carry out all operations with a stream.In linear modulation, modulate paralleled code element stream 240,242 with the specific basis matrix of bits/sym index, the specific basis matrix of described bits/sym index is specified each paralleled code element stream 240,242 mapping to the transfer resource with different spaces feature (beam pattern) or antenna element or channel.
Provide spatial modulation information 238 by sending controling unit 210 to spatial modulator unit 236, for example chip rate R s, the quantity that it specifies embedded code element stream (chip rate) 240,242 affects the bit rate of different code elements.Chip rate R sSign is distributed to number of symbols each symbol time interval or that sent by each symbol time interval.In the simplest situation, chip rate specifies time per unit to be comprised in the quantity of the essentially independent code element in the spatial modulation.In an embodiment, the quantity of paralleled code element stream 240,242 equals radiation diagram 264,266 quantity.In the case, first transceiver 200 sends N from transmitting antenna element 260,262 bIndividual parallel communications stream.In context, antenna element 260,262 also can be the unit that comprises a plurality of elementary antennas (for example directive antenna or sectorized antennas).
Radiation diagram 264,266 is provided at efficient communication stream between first transceiver 200 and the second transceiver 272 together with spatial modulation.Yet, when chip rate is higher, orthogonal transmission is impossible, and the self-interference similar to the multi-user interference in CDMA or other multi-access systems or cochannel disturb between the code element that may appear in the spatial modulation matrix or between the embedded code element stream 240,242.
In an embodiment of the present invention, code element stream 240,242 is input to and sends resource multiplex unit (TRM) 244, send resource multiplex unit (TRM) 244 and further modulated symbol is distributed, distributes or shines upon, to send the communication resource according to the transmission resource multiplex information 246 that is provided by sending controling unit 210.Send resource multiplex information 246 and comprise the quantity (T) that for example is assigned to code element stream 240,242 transport communication resource.In addition, send resource multiplex information 246 and can comprise the information that belongs to multiplexing, for example channelization code information, carrier wave or subcarrier frequency, relevant signal to noise ratio, transmitted power and radiation diagram or required coverage area information.
In an embodiment of the present invention, sending communication resource unit 244 can provide embedded bit or code element stream 240,242 orthogonal transmission.Yet, the orthogonality of transport communication resource and at the receiver place the final code element that receives can be controlled by the transmission resource control information.
Send resource multiplex unit 244 with data flow 248,250 or symbol vector or entry of a matrix element output to wave beam and form unit 252, wave beam forms unit 252 and data flow 248,250 is distributed at least two radiation diagrams or the wave beam that is provided by transmitting antenna element 260,262.The quantity of transmitting antenna element or wave beam is represented as N tIn an embodiment, radiation diagram is specific for the communication channel between first transceiver 200 and the second transceiver 272.Since can form radiation diagram by various ways, so the quantity of wave beam can be identical with the quantity of transmitting antenna element, also can be different.For example, can form with sectorization technology or different spaces selectivity (directivity) antenna technology the radiation diagram of directivity.Yet, for the sake of simplicity, but not limiting the present invention in any way, following discussion hypothesis is used has N tThe array of individual antenna element forms radiation diagram.
Wave beam forms unit 252 and is provided with wave beam formation information 258, for example plurality of antennas weight and the transmitting antenna element 260 that will be used to transmit, 262 quantity N t, send data flow 248,250 according to this information.The plurality of antennas weight can be represented by weight matrix W.The quantity of radiation diagram can be by N bRepresent.In an embodiment, radiation diagram 264, the 266th, antenna beam.In some cases, can be intactly or predefine radiation diagram 264,266 partly.For example, the situation of fixed beam transmission is like this.
Can be according to code, spatial character (for example shape and direction) and/or electromagnetic property (for example frequency and polarization) with radiation diagram 264,266 separated from one another.
Wave beam forms unit 252 a plurality of transmitted signals 254,256 is outputed to radio-frequency part 204.Radio-frequency part 204 can comprise a plurality of transmitters, and described a plurality of transmitters can be processed transmitted signal 254,256, thereby so that each transmitted signal 254,256 can be sent at least two radiation diagrams 264,266.Described processing comprises digital-to-analogue conversion, upconverts to radio frequency, amplification and filtering.
Provide transmission information 268, for example power information by sending controling unit to radio-frequency part 204.Power information can control example such as transmitted power, and radiation diagram 264,266 is sent out by described transmitted power.
Discuss for being convenient to, comprise that the functional entity of spatial modulation unit 236 and transmission resource multiplexer 244 can be counted as single multidimensional modulator unit 268, it is with TR sThe sequence of individual modulated symbol is distributed to the N that transmitting antenna element 260,262 provides bIndividual radiation diagram 264,266.In mathematical term, can represent that multidimensional modulator unit 268 is on the impact of interweaving encoding code element by modulation matrix X.
Note, the invention is not restricted to the structure of above-mentioned multi-antenna transmission chain, but can change according to embodiment.For example, can in the unit (for example the multidimensional modulator unit 268) of combination, carry out related with coding unit 218, interleave unit 224 and modulating unit 230 functional.Further, the order of different elements can change.For example, interleave unit 224 can form between unit 252 and the multidimensional modulator 268 at wave beam.
In embodiments of the present invention, send the communication resource and comprise that the time sends the communication resource, for example code element period.In the case, multidimensional modulator unit 268 serves as modulator when being similar to sky, and it is applied to information bit 216 with for example empty time-code.When sky the modulation in, during the T code element period with TxR sIndividual modulated symbol is distributed to N bIndividual radiation diagram is to provide the chip rate of transmission diversity and/or increase.The symbol distributions of passing the room and time dimension provides space diversity and time diversity.In the situation of sky time/frequency coding, send resource control information 246 comprise matrix dimensionality (for example, can be embedded in the modulation matrix number of symbols), bit to symbol mapped, be used for different code elements or for relative transmitted power and/or the absolute transmitted power of spatial beams figure.In one embodiment, distribute one or more reception antennas if receiver is inter-frequency measurements, in the time of then can changing sky during the transmission or empty frequently or quantity or the chip rate R of the non-zero symbol in empty time-frequency block encoding or the encoder matrix sIn the case, control unit 210 is from coordination unit 208 receiving control informations, and thus control information 238,246 can be considered the quantity after the minimizing of the antenna element in the second transceiver 272.
For example, according to the control information that is provided by sending controling unit 210, time resource can also comprise scheduling resource, and it comprises the transmitting and scheduling of modulation matrix.In the situation of scheduling, control information can comprise that reflection sends the information of the relative or absolute service priority of channel of service or efficient and possibly corresponding required transfer resource, for example beam pattern or transmitted power and transmission rate.
Time resource can also comprise the re-transmission resource, and it comprises that the control information that provides according to sending controling unit 210 retransmits the part of message bit stream 216.
Be similar to the time scheduling resource, the frequency scheduling resource can also be arranged, wherein, in transmitter, control transmission frequency, carrier wave or subcarrier.
In an embodiment, send the communication resource and comprise spectral transmit communication resource, for example send carrier wave or subcarrier frequency.In the case, multidimensional modulator unit 268 uses T different carrier wave or subcarrier frequency, comes typically with TR sIndividual modulated symbol is distributed to N bIndividual radiation diagram 264,266.Corresponding encoding scheme can be called as space-frequency coding.Described space-frequency coding can be by realizing like this: will be at least in part different bit stream or code element stream 240,242 input to transmitter separately, and the above-mentioned transmitter that separates uses at least two differences (son) carrier frequency at least two embedded code elements or code element stream.Can by the means known to those skilled in the art, in radio-frequency part 204, generate different carrier frequencies.Space-frequency coding provides space and frequency diversity or spatial frequency multiplexing, or its any combination.
In an embodiment, send the communication resource and comprise coding resource, for example extended coding.In the case, can provide different codings for parallel or embedded code element stream 240,242.Expansion when corresponding encoding scheme can be called as idle bit coding (space-code coding) or sky.
In an embodiment, send the communication resource and comprise spatial transmit communication resource, for example employed antenna element 260 in the transmission, 262 quantity N tSpatial transmit communication resource can also comprise employed radiation diagram 264 in the transmission, 266 quantity N b
In an embodiment, send the communication resource and comprise transmitted power, radiation diagram 260,262 is sent out with described transmitted power.
Note, in certain embodiments, can be in conjunction with the dissimilar communication resources, to obtain the optimal performance of telecommunication system.For example, simultaneously Applicative time resource and space resources, and can correspondingly select encoding scheme.
By with further reference to Fig. 2, the radiation diagram 264 related with communication channel, 266 and environment 270 reciprocations, environment 270 can affect spatial character, time response and the spectral characteristic of the communication channel between first transceiver 200 and second transceiver 272.
Come radiation diagram 264,266 is carried out spatial sampling by at least one the reception antenna element 274,276 in the transceiver 272, and resulting radio-frequency antenna signal is input to the radio-frequency part 278 of second transceiver 272.In an embodiment, second transceiver 272 comprises N rIndividual reception antenna element 274,276, or receiver radiation or polarization figure, wherein, N r＞1.Work as N r＞1 o'clock, second transceiver 272 served as and is similar to the MIMO receiver.
In one embodiment, for data receiver, second transceiver can have only reception antenna element temporarily, that is to say N r=1.When second transceiver initially has for two reception antenna elements of data receiver but when distributing an antenna element of described two antenna elements for inter-frequency measurements thereafter, this situation is possible.
Radio-frequency part 278 for example will be converted to baseband signal 280 from each reception antenna element 274,276 radio-frequency antenna signal by filtering, down-conversion and digitlization.In the case, represent a plurality of reception signals with single label 280.Baseband signal 280 is input to received communication Resource Unit 282, and received communication Resource Unit 282 is the output information bit in certain embodiments, to be further processed.
Received communication Resource Unit 282 comprises the received communication resource, and the received communication resource is controlled according to the reception resource control information 288 that is provided by reception control unit 290.
The received communication resource can comprise reception ﹠ disposal power, RAKE numbers of branches, equalization filter or bank of filters, a parallel code channel quantity, the carrier wave of being supported by receiver or subcarrier frequency quantity, correlator, matched filter, channel equalizer, channel decoder, hard output detector or soft output detector, interference eliminator, from N rIn the individual antenna element 274,276 to the selection of the subset that receives antenna element.
The control that receives resource can comprise:
-with RAKE branch or the given service of sub-carrier allocation of varying number
-selective channel equalizer type from a plurality of options (for example linear equalizer or nonlinear equalizer)
-selection input and output sampling rate from a plurality of different options.
The reception antenna coefficient that-modification is related with the reception antenna wave beam
The quantity of-selective reception antenna beam
-select the subset of the reception antenna expected for inter-frequency measurements or for data communication.
Uncontrollable element may reside in the received communication Resource Unit 282.Yet, can be included in the receiving control information about the information of these elements, and as the constraint when definite performance measurement for communication channel.The carrier frequency that these constraints can be quantity, reception antenna 274,276 the quantity of for example received beam figure, supported by second transceiver 272.Control can be based on the useful signal quality (for example channel quality indicator) supposing, predict or estimate for given reception resource selection.Can define this selection, thereby so that between the performance of the performance of inter-frequency measurements or reliability and data communication, have desired balance.In one embodiment, for inter-frequency measurements and for data receiver, the receiver antenna periodic variation.Because this scheme purpose is to provide diversity, so this scheme not necessarily needs the estimation of channel quality indicator.Because both may be different instantaneously in the characteristic of channel at different reception antennas place or feature, again may be long-term different, therefore when for example when different time uses different antennae, obtain the diversity in the inter-frequency measurements.Prove that also this asymmetry that above-mentioned diversity is measured may cause owing to antenna element location, (space) characteristic of channel, antenna performance etc.
Element 212 to 262 in the first transceiver 200 can comprise the transmitting portion of communication channel.Element 274 to 282 in the second transceiver can comprise the receiving unit of communication channel.Further, the radio channel between first transceiver 200 and the second transceiver 272 comprises the air interface part of communication channel.In a broad sense, communication channel can be interpreted as the combination of use, sending method, method of reseptance, radio channel properties and the hardware characteristics of the communication resource.
By with further reference to Fig. 2, can be characterized in communication channel between first transceiver 200 and the second transceiver 272 in order to the lower channel model:
Y T &times; N r = X T &times; N b &times; W N b &times; N s &times; H N t &times; N r + n T &times; N r - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, X is the modulation matrix that characterizes the effect of 268 pairs of interleaved coded bits 228 of multidimensional modulator, W is the antenna weight matrix that the expression wave beam forms the 252 pairs of data flow 248 in unit, 250 effect, and H is the channel matrix that is illustrated in the radio channel information between first transceiver 200 and the second transceiver 272.The row of channel matrix H are specified from N tIndividual transmitting antenna 260,262 is to N rIndividual reception antenna 274,276 channel vector.Further, Y represents the received signal matrix, and n is the noise matrix that characterizes the noise of communication channel.In Vector Modulation, use 1 to multiply by N bN dimensional vector n X (being T=1) sends N bIndividual code element, and in matrix modulation, T＞1.
As the example of traditional MIMO vector modulation model, consider (N t, N r)-mimo system, wherein, by flat Rayleigh fading and possibly relevant channel send by K represented independent data stream of the vector of big or small Kx1.Therefore, provide N by following formula rThe received signal vector of individual antenna
y＝W RxHW Txx+n，?????????????????????(2)
Wherein, big or small N tThe W of xK TxAnd big or small N tXN rW RxBe respectively to send beam forming matrix and received beam formation matrix, have the column vector of unit norm and quadrature, big or small N rXN tH be the channel impulse response with the multiple Gauss's item that has zero-mean and unit variance, n is the variance N with every complex item 0=σ 2Additive white Gaussian noise.If allow additional linear reception ﹠ disposal and non-linear reception ﹠ disposal, might arrange W Rx = I N Rx . For homogeneous turbulence (being the different coordinates of x vector) transmitted power can be not different.In this transmission method, only via the channel coefficients in the physical channel matrix H, and may utilize beam forming matrix, make up linearly independent stream.Every first-classly only send wave beam via one and send, and disturb between stream and depend primarily on physical channel and beam forming matrix.
As multidimensional modulation example---wherein code element stream is sent out via at least two wave beams at least, let us is thought of as the modulation matrix that information code element is implemented quadrature or non-orthogonal modulation or coding.
In an embodiment, modulation matrix X comprises at least one code element, and it is sent out at least two symbol time intervals with at least two antenna resources.Modulation matrix X can only comprise a row that is used to form Vector Modulation, or is used to form a plurality of row of matrix modulation.The chip rate of this modulation can be greater than 1.The symbol time interval is the time that row is required that sends modulation matrix.Code element in the modulation matrix further can be multiplied each other with the multiplexed resource (such as extended code, carrier waveform, subcarrier waveform etc.) of adding.For example, each code element can multiply by different extended codes or identical extended code.This quantity with the row in the symbol matrix has increased factor N, and wherein, N is the length of extended code.
Various schemes can be applied to form modulation matrix.The people's such as Alamouti United States Patent (USP) 6,185,258 discloses a kind of scheme.According to the above-mentioned list of references of quoting, modulation matrix can be expressed as:
X Ala ( z 1 , z 2 ) = z 1 - z 2 * z 2 z 1 * . - - - ( 3 )
Modulation matrix shown in the formula (3) shows 2 and takes advantage of 2 codes of orthogonal square when empty.It has adopted two transmitting antenna elements 260,262 or wave beam during two code element periods.Owing in two time slots, send two code elements, so chip rate is 1.On the meaning of the unit matrix that when multiply by the Hermitian transposition of the formed code according to formula (3), obtains scalarization, be quadrature according to the formed code of formula (3).The Hermitian transposition of matrix A is (by A HRepresented) be the complex-conjugate transpose of A.Transpose of a matrix is derived by line index and the column index of Inverted matrix.The matrix with zero off diagonal element and unit diagonal entry by the represented unit matrix of I.Correspondingly, for the matrix A based on quadrature, it keeps A for certain real number value k HA=AA H=kI.The decoding that the mode that makes it possible to not disturb each other with code element according to the orthogonality of the modulation matrix of formula (3) is separated two code elements.At this, as follows, the time is used as the example of orthogonal multiplex resource.Might use different orthogonal waveforms (such as the basic quadrature subcarrier among the OFDM, basic orthogonal code etc.) to send code element.
As another example of the modulation matrix of speed 1, we can consider STTD-OTD scheme (4)
X STTD - OTD = X A ( x 1 , x 2 ) O 2 O 2 X B ( x 3 , x 4 ) - - - ( 4 ) ,
Wherein, X AAnd X BExpression has the STTD piece of autonomous block.O 22 * 2 null matrix.In Space Time Coding, different when empty channel send the different submatrix of (4).For example, can during two code element periods, send X from antenna 1 and 2 AIn space-frequency coding, can use two quadrature subcarrier frequencies to send simultaneously X AAnd X BIn the idle bit coding, the quadrature unit of distinguishing row can be extended code.In fact, in distinguishing matrix element or its any combination, can use the Multiplexing Unit (for example time, frequency, code or waveform) of arbitrarily basic quadrature.
The modulation matrix that the needs of orthogonality is caused suffering the rate limit problem.As example, the maximum symbol rate with four transmitting antenna elements 260, orthogonal transmit diversity code of 262 is 3/4.When not allowing rate loss, sacrifice the code orthogonality.In the example code, by coming transmitted signal with sending the diversity code matrix.
X NOBSTBC = z 1 - z 2 * z 3 - z 4 * z 2 z 1 * z 4 z 3 * z 3 - z 4 * z 1 - z 2 * z 4 z 3 * z 2 z 1 * . - - - ( 5 )
Above-mentioned code produces good performance in fading channel.Yet, owing to nonorthogonality causes existing the coherence property loss, unless receiver signal Processing Algorithm, equalizer, detector or other receiving element can be processed nonopiate associated code flow filament.The maximum likelihood detector that proposes for the payment of the bit in each code element or each code element posterior probability produces acceptable expected performance, and linear receiver (for example using the receiver of MMSE principle) may cause performance loss.In the situation that the tandem coding chain is arranged, soft output (for example posterior probability) typically is forwarded to channel decoder.
In the future communications system, even may need higher chip rate.When chip rate is increased to 2, there is kinds of schemes, understand from following example.For example, chip rate 2 matrix modulation can be based on such as the scheme of two space time transmit diversities (DSTTD) codings or two ABBA (DABBA).Yet, the invention is not restricted to said method, but can be applied to any modulator approach, wherein, modulated symbol is distributed to a plurality of transmitting antenna elements and sends wave beam.In the DSTTD coding, use following modulation matrix to send two space time transmit diversities (STTD) code from four transmitting antenna elements 260,262.
X(x 1，..，x 4)＝[X(x 1，x 2)X(x 3，x 4)]，????????????????(6)
Wherein, x 1..x 4Modulated symbol, X (x 1, x 2) and X (x 3, x 4) be the submatrix through acceptor orthogonal space time piece coding of modulation matrix.In the case, x 1..x 4The quantity of code element is 4, chip rate R s2.For example, modulated symbol x 1..x 4Can be arbitrarily, quadratic phase shift keying code element for example.Naturally, also be applied in this about the above-mentioned discussion of using arbitrarily basic orthogonal multiplex resource.
Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, during the inter-frequency measurements of being carried out by receiver, transmitter can be by changing into STTD-STD and adaptive its transmission with modulation matrix from DSTTD.Therefore chip rate reduces to 1 from 2, and at the receiver place, can receive transmission by the reception antenna of smaller amounts.
As example, we can consider another embodiment, and wherein, receiver has 2 RF chains, or at least 2 space receive channels, and transmitter used the DABBA modulation before or after inter-frequency measurements.By use one in the reception antenna the RF measuring unit and in receiver, carry out inter-frequency measurements.During this period, chip rate is at most 1, transmitter uses STTD, threading MIMO modulation, layering MIMO modulation, the MIMO modulation of coordinating to interweave, or has some the empty time-division block code (for example diagonal ABBA or Trombi) that mostly is 1 chip rate most.In addition, transmitter can embed one of code element to two in the DABBA modulator with chip rate 2 and bore a hole, so that can only receive with a reception antenna.Similarly, if when measuring, before or after measuring, use chip rate 4 modulator approaches, then can change modulator approach, thereby so that when measuring effective code element speed less than 4.
What propose only is mentioned as example in the change in modulation during the inter-frequency measurements, and therefore, keeps quantity and the minimizing chip rate of transmitting antenna and all can use in order to be suitable for any conversion of the quantity of reception antenna.
Fig. 3 illustrates according to one embodiment of the method for the invention.In beginning, there are two transceivers that communicate with one another.For example, first transceiver can be the base station, and second transceiver can be mobile radio station.At point 300, first transceiver will comprise that the signal of code element sends to second transceiver.First transceiver adopts at least two transmitting antennas, and second transceiver adopts at least two reception antennas.The information content of code element is distributed on two transmitting antennas or two radiation diagrams in transmitter.Thereby as example, code element is sent on the first antenna unmodifiedly, and the complex conjugate of same symbol is transmitted on the second transmitting antenna.
At point 302, first transceiver and second transceiver tramsfer time interval (for example frame), second transceiver is carried out inter-frequency measurements in the described time interval.For example, can be to switch to the triggering of inter-frequency measurements.Perhaps, second transceiver can be carried out measurement to frequency range between frequency by using at least one reception antenna.Therefore, during inter-frequency measurements, receiver comes receive data by the reception antenna that usage quantity reduces.Simultaneously, during inter-frequency measurements, receiver can extract the channel parameter of receive channel, for example channel sequence, channel characteristic value, conditional number, signal in orthogonal parameter or useful signal interference ratio.So receiver can report to transmitter with channel parameter, transmitter can implicitly be found from the value of channel parameter: receiver is carrying out inter-frequency measurements.
Refer to inter-frequency measurements although put 302, for some other reason (for example when for example operating in standby mode lower time in order to save power resource), receiver can be forbidden a reception antenna.So receiver can be notified transmitter: should change transmission method.
As put shown in the of 304, second transceiver is carried out inter-frequency measurements in the time interval of appointment.Second transceiver is reserved at least one in described at least two reception antennas, to be used for inter-frequency measurements.
At point 306, adaptive its transmission of first transceiver is in order to be suitable for the antenna of the smaller amounts in the second transceiver.Although illustrate discretely a little 304 and point 306, can be during the same time section simultaneously execution point 304 and point 306, during described same time section, second transceiver is carried out inter-frequency measurements.In one embodiment, first transceiver keeps the quantity of transmitting antenna, keeps thus the validity of transmission.In one embodiment, transmitter (first transceiver) can use different codings and/or interweave, thereby so that the information that sends can receive with the reception antenna of smaller amounts.In another embodiment, transmitter can change employed modulator approach in transmitted signal.In another embodiment, can during inter-frequency measurements, change wave beam and form weight.
Can realize the present invention by software.The software product that can have the software code part that comprises in transmitter and/or the receiver.Described software code partly is configured to realize method step of the present invention.Described software product can be can load on the processor of emittor/receiver and executable.Perhaps, can realize the present invention by ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), discrete logic module or some corresponded manner.
Be clear that for those skilled in the art, along with the development of technology, can realize design of the present invention by various ways.The present invention and embodiment are not limited to above-mentioned example, but can change within the scope of the claims.
1. device that is used for transfer of data comprises:
Cause at least two of uses to send radiation diagram and will comprise that the signal of code element sends to the receiver that receives by Nr receiver radiation figure from transmitter, thereby so that the information content of the code element of time span T sends the module that radiation diagram sends with at least two;
Cause at described transmitter place and recognize following module: N receiver radiation figure of described receiver forbidding, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thus form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure to be used for the reception signal transmitted;
Cause adaptive number of symbols or send radiation diagram, thereby so that when receiving with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element that sent in the time interval in length T, be less than or equal to the module of the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause when the Nr-N that described transmission is adapted to described receiver effectively during receiver radiation figure, keep the module of the quantity that sends radiation diagram.
3. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, each code element in described transmitter when using sky block encoding be distributed at least two and send on the radiation diagrams.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described device comprises: cause by changing employed block encoding when empty, its transmission is adapted to the module of the quantity of the receiver radiation figure in the described receiver.
5. device as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described device comprises: cause by reducing the employed chip rate of block encoding when empty, its transmission is adapted to the module of the quantity after the minimizing of receiver radiation figure of described receiver.
6. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, each code element forms by application of beam and is distributed at least two and sends on the radiation diagrams, and described device comprises: the module that causes the quantity after the minimizing of receiver radiation figure that its transmission is adapted to described receiver by changing weight that described wave beam forms.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, it is to control by the feedback of corresponding receiver that described wave beam forms weight, and the speed of feedback signal is increased when N receiver radiation figure is disabled.
8. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause in adapted transmission, keep the chip rate of described transmission and change described at least two at least one modules of form that send in the radiation diagrams.
9. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause in adapted transmission, change the module of the coding gain of described transmission.
10. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause during the inter-frequency measurements that is undertaken by described receiver, the transmission of described transmitter is adapted to the module of the quantity after the minimizing of receiver radiation figure of described receiver.
11. device as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described device is seen: cause the module that is conveyed to described receiver the time interval of described inter-frequency measurements.
12. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause by receiving the request from the transmission method of the described signal of change of described transmitter, recognize that described receiver forbids the module of at least one receiver radiation figure.
13. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause the module of at least one parameter that receives the characteristic of the transmitting channel that characterizes described signal from described receiver, and described device comprises: cause the module of coming adaptive its transmission based on the parameter that receives.
14. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause adaptive its transmission, thereby so that by Nr-N receiver radiation figure with substantially the same in being receivable module by the described transmission of the reliability of N receiver radiation figure.
15. want 1 to ask described device such as right, wherein, the modulation matrix that is used for signal transmitted is modulated has order, described order is at most the quantity of effective receiver radiation figure.
16. device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described device comprises: cause adaptive its transmission, thereby so that the code element by using the linear operation signal transmitted is separable module in described receiver.
17. a device that is used for transfer of data comprises:
Cause receiver by using Nr receiver radiation figure to receive the module of the signal that comprises code element from transmitter, described code element is sent as so that the information content of the code element of time span T is used two transmission radiation diagrams and is sent out at least;
Cause N receiver radiation figure of described receiver forbidding to receive the module of signal transmitted, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thereby so that form Nr-N effective receiver radiation figure;
Cause described receiver to receive the module of the signal transmitted that is adapted, the described signal transmitted that is adapted is adapted to N-Nr effectively receiver radiation figure, thereby so that when receiving with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element in the time interval in length T or send radiation diagram, be less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
18. device as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described device comprises: cause the module of reserving N the receiver radiation figure of forbidding for inter-frequency measurements.
19. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein, described device comprises: cause the module of reserving measuring unit into described inter-frequency measurements, wherein, described measuring unit is configured to use one or more receiver radiation figure when carrying out described measurement.
20. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein, described device comprises: cause in view of the predetermined quality criterion when receiving described signal, for described inter-frequency measurements selection has the module of the receiver radiation figure of minimum-quality value.
21. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein, described device comprises: cause periodically-varied to be used for the module of described at least one receiver radiation figure of described inter-frequency measurements.
22. device as claimed in claim 18, wherein, described device comprises: cause and carry out described inter-frequency measurements, and will not convey to for the time interval of described measurement the module of described transmitter.
23. device as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described device comprises: cause the described transmitter of request to change the module of the transmission method of described signal.
24. device as claimed in claim 17, wherein, described device comprises: cause to receive by wave beam to form the modules that are distributed at least two each code elements on the transmission radiation diagram, wherein, described receiver is caused and receives such transmission, with regard to described transmission by changing the quantity after wave beam forms the minimizing of receiver radiation figure that weight is adapted to described receiver.
25. device as claimed in claim 24, wherein, described device comprises: cause the module that forms weight with feedback signal control wave beam, and the speed of described feedback signal is increased when N receiver radiation figure is disabled.
26. a method that is used for transfer of data comprises:
By sending radiation diagrams with at least two the signal that comprises code element is sent to the receiver that receives by Nr receiver radiation figure from transmitter, thereby so that the information content of the code element of time span T send via at least two transmission radiation diagrams;
The place recognizes at described transmitter: N receiver radiation figure of described receiver forbidding, 1＜=N＜Nr wherein, thereby so that form Nr-N effectively receiver radiation figure to be used for the reception signal transmitted;
Adaptive number of symbols or transmission radiation diagram, thereby so that when described receiver receives with Nr-N receiver radiation figure the quantity of the code element that sent in the time interval in length T, be less than or equal to the quantity of the code element that when described receiver just receives with Nr receiver radiation figure, is sent in the time interval in length T.
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