Source: http://www.freshpatents.com/Load-control-apparatus-and-load-control-system-dt20061005ptan20060220800.php
Timestamp: 2013-05-22 16:04:06
Document Index: 287663398

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Load Control Apparatus And Load Control System Inventor Store
Patents sorted by company.	10/05/06 | Class 340 Monitor | RSS | Browse: Prev - Next Load control apparatus and load control system Abstract: A load control apparatus is connected to a master station through a power line supplied with direct-current power. The load control apparatus is driven by the direct-current power supplied from the power line to communicate with the master station through the power line. The load control apparatus includes a PLC part, first and second branch lines, connected to the power line, an impedance element connected to only the second branch line, a motor connected to only the first branch line, a condenser connected in parallel with the motor, the condenser having a capacitance resonating with an inductance component of the motor and frequency of the communication signal, a control part configured to perform a variety of processes, based on the communication signal received by the communication part communicating with the master station, and a circuit power part connected to the second branch line through the impedance element and configured to supply the PLC part and the control part with the desired power. ...
Agent: Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner LLP - Washington, DC, USInventors: Yo Yanagida, Terumitsu SugimotoUSPTO Applicaton #: #20060220800 - Class: 340310150 (USPTO) - 10/05/06 - Class 340 The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060220800, Load control apparatus and load control system.Direct-current Master Station BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a load control apparatus and
system for performing data communication adopting power line
communication (PLC) method.
[0004] Japanese Patent Publication laid-open No. 2004-120740 discloses a
load control system mounted on a vehicle to perform data communication
with the use of amplitude shift keying (ASK) method and PLC method. In
the ASK method, either value "0" or value "1" is expressed dependently of
largeness/smallness in amplitude of a communication signal. While,
according to the PLC method, communication is effected through power
lines for electric power. In detail, communication signals and drive
powers are superimposed on the power lines. FIG. 1 shows a load control
system 100 in the conventional art.
[0005] The load control system 100 comprises a master station 200, a slave
station 300, a power line (i.e. +B line) 400 and a ground line 500. The
power line 400 is supplied with direct-current electricity affording a
driving electric power. The master station 200 includes a control part
201, a PLC part 202, a branch line 203, an impedance element 204 and a
circuit power part 205. While, the slave station 300 includes a PLC part
301, a branch line 302, an impedance element 303, a circuit power part
304, relays 305a.about.305d, a motor 306, a control part 307 and a
condenser 308. In the load control system 100 constructed above, the
master station 200 and the slave station 300 are communicated with each
other by means of communication signals, allowing a driving of the motor
[0006] By combining signals representing value "0" (each referred to as
"0-signal" after) with signals representing value "1" (each referred to
as "1-signal" after), the control part 201 produces a master signal
relating to an operation content of the motor 306 and further outputs the
master signal to the PLC part 202.
[0007] The PLC part 202 produces a high frequency signal having
predetermined frequency and amplitude (i.e. carrier signal). For the
0-signal forming the master signal, the PLC part 202 makes amplitude of
the carrier signal less than a predetermined reference value. While, for
the signal "1" forming the master signal, the PLC part 202 makes
amplitude of the carrier signal more than the predetermined reference
value (i.e. ASK modulation of the master signal). In this way, the PLC
part 202 converts the master signal to a communication signal and further
outputs it to the power line 400. Additionally, the PLC part 202 also
receives a communication signal supplied from the slave station 300
through the power line 400. On receipt of the communication signal, the
PLC part 202 converts a signal having its magnitude larger than a
reference value to the signal "1" and also converts a signal having its
magnitude smaller than the reference value to the signal "0" (i.e. ASK
modulation of the communication signal). In other words, the PLC part 200
converts the communication signals to slave signal and outputs it to the
control part 201. Note that the slave signal is one produced by the
control part 307, representing a completion of the operation of the motor
306 or the like.
[0008] The branch line 203 is connected to the power line 400, while the
circuit power part 205 is connected to the branch line 203 through the
impedance element 204. The circuit power part 205 produces desired
electric power from direct-current electricity supplied through the
branch line 203 and supplies the electric power to the control part 201
and the PLC part 202. The control part 201 and the PLC part 202 are
driven by the electric power supplied from the circuit power part 205.
[0009] The PLC part 301 receives a communication signal through the power
line 400, converts the communication signal to a master signal by ASK
demodulation and outputs the master signal to the control part 307.
While, the PLC part 301 also converts a slave signal supplied from the
control part 307 to a communication signal by ASK demodulation and
outputs the communication signal to the power line 400. In FIG. 2, (a)
shows the master signal (i.e. data Tx) produced by the control part 201,
(b) shows the communication signal corresponding to the master signal and
(c) shows the master signal (i.e. data Rx) produced by the PLC part 301
demodulating the communication signal.
[0010] In the slave station 300, the branch line 302 is connected to the
power line 400, while the circuit power part 304 is connected to the
branch line 302 through the impedance element 303. The circuit power part
304 produces desired electric power from direct-current electricity
supplied through the branch line 302 and supplies the electric power to
the control part 307 and the PLC part 301. The control part 307 and the
PLC part 301 are driven by the electric power supplied from the circuit
power part 304.
[0011] The relays 305a, 305b have their one ends connected to the branch
line 302 through the impedance element 303. The other end of the relay
305a is connected to one end of the relay 305c and one end (terminal) of
the motor 306. The other end of the relay 305b is connected to one end of
the relay 305d and the other end (terminal) of the motor 306. The other
ends of the relays 305c, 305d are connected to the ground line 500.
[0012] The motor 306 is driven in rotation by direct-current electricity
flowing in the power line 400. In detail, when the relays 305a, 305d are
activated (ON), the direct-current electricity flows from the one end
(terminal) of the motor 306 to the other end (terminal). When the relays
305b, 305c are activated (ON), the direct-current electricity flows from
the other end (terminal) of the motor 306 to the other end (terminal).
Therefore, a rotating direction of the motor 306 when the relays 305a,
305d are activated (ON) is opposite to a rotating direction of the motor
306 when the relays 305b, 305c are activated (ON). For example, such
rotations of the motor 306 are utilized to drive a powered window (not
[0013] The control part 307 controls the operation of the motor 306, based
on the master signal supplied from the PLC part 301. In detail, the
control part 307 activates either one pair of the relays 305a, 305d or
another pair of the relays 305b, 305c to rotate the motor 306 and
inactivates all of the relays 305a, 305b, 305c, 305d to stop a rotation
of the motor 306. The control part 307 produces the slave signal
representing a completion of the operation of the motor 306 or the like
and outputs the slave signal to the PLC part 301.
[0014] The condenser 308 has one end connected to the branch line 302
through the impedance element 303 and the other end connected to the
ground line 500. The condenser 308 introduces noise contained in the
direct-current electricity into the ground line 500 to remove the noise
from the direct-current electricity.
[0015] We now describe the reason why the circuit power parts 205, 304 and
the motor 306 are connected to the branch lines 203, 302 through the
impedance elements 204, 303, respectively. In the load control system
100, it is necessary to supply the circuit power parts 205, 304 and the
motor 306 with the direct-current electricity flowing in the power line
400. In the load control system 100, therefore, the branch lines 203, 302
are connected to the power line 400, while the circuit power parts 205,
304 and the motor 306 are connected to the branch lines 203, 302
respectively, whereby the direct-current electricity flowing in the power
line 400 can be supplied to the circuit power parts 205, 304 and the
motor 306.
[0016] However, it is noted that the above structure causes the
communication signal to flow in the branch lines 203, 302 also. Thus,
unless impedances from the branch lines 203, 302 up to the circuit power
parts 205, 304 and the motor 306 are ensured, the communication signal in
case of a current signal would be easy to flow in the branch lines 203,
302, so that amplitude of the communication signal flowing in the branch
lines 203, 302 get larger. For a high-frequency component such as the
communication signal, the condenser 308 connected to the power line 400
can be regarded as a conducting wire (i.e. one kind of short circuit).
Although it is not shown in the figure, a condenser similar to the
condenser 308 is connected to the branch line 203. Accordingly, in case
of the communication signal of a voltage signal, a potential of the power
line 400 (in detail, potential related to a high-frequency component and
corresponding to amplitude of the communication signal flowing in the
power line 400) would fall unless impedances from the branch lines 203,
302 up to the circuit power parts 205, 304 and the motor 306 are ensured.
In detail, the potential of the power line 400 would fall close to a
ground potential. Thus, if impedances from the branch lines 203, 302 up
to the circuit power parts 205, 304 and the motor 306 are not ensured,
there is a possibility that the amplitude of the communication signal for
the PLC parts 202, 301 get smaller so as to damage accuracy of
[0017] From the reason mentioned above, the circuit power part 205 is
connected to the branch line 203 through the impedance element 204, while
the circuit power part 205 and the motor 306 are connected to the branch
line 302 through the impedance element 303. Consequently, the impedances
from the branch lines 203, 302 up to the circuit power parts 205, 304 are
[0018] However, as the impedance element 303 is supplied with not only
direct-current electricity for the circuit power part 304 but also
direct-current electricity for the motor 306, the same element 303 is
required to cope with such great current. From this point of view, the
impedance element 303 is large-sized and therefore, the load control
system 100 is also large-sized, causing both weight and manufacturing
cost of the system 100 to be increased.
[0019] Under the circumstances, it is therefore an object of the present
invention to provide load control apparatus and system both of which can
ensure impedance of a slave station from a branch line up to a circuit
power part and a load and further miniaturize an impedance element in
comparison with the conventional apparatus and system.
[0020] The object of the present invention described above can be
accomplished by a load control apparatus connected to a master station
through a power line supplied with direct current power and driven by the
direct current power supplied from the power line to communicate with the
master station through the power line, the load control apparatus
comprising: a communication part connected to the power line to
communicate with the master station with use of a communication signal
having predetermined frequency; first and second branch lines connected
to the power line; an impedance element connected to only the second
branch line; a load connected to only the first branch line and driven by
the direct current power supplied through the first branch line; a
capacitance element connected in parallel with the load, the capacitance
element having a capacitance resonating with an inductance component of
the load and the frequency of the communication signal; a control part
configured to perform a variety of processes, based on the communication
signal received by the communication part communicating with the master
station; and a circuit power part connected to the second branch line
through the impedance element and configured to produce desired power
from the direct current power supplied through the second branch line and
configured to supply the communication part and the control part with the
[0021] According to the present invention, there is also provided a load
control system having a master station and a slave station connected to
the master station through a power line to which direct current power is
supplied, the master station and the slave station being driven by the
direct current power supplied through the power line and communicating
with each other through the power line, wherein the slave station
part of the direct current power supplied through the first branch line;
a capacitance element connected in parallel with the load, the
capacitance element having a capacitance resonating with an inductance
component of the load and the frequency of the communication signal; a
control part configured to perform a variety of processes, based on the
communication signal received by the communication part communicating
with the master station; and a circuit power part connected to the second
branch line through the impedance element and configured to produce
desired power from the direct current power supplied through the second
branch line and configured to supply the communication part and the
control part with the desired power.
[0022] In the present invention, a parallel resonant circuit is formed by
the inductance component of the load and the capacitance element,
resonating with the frequency of the communication signal. Since the
impedance of the parallel resonant circuit has a maximum at the frequency
of the communication signal, a reduction in the magnitude of the
communication signal due to the first branch line is minimized. Further,
the impedance element is connected to the second branch line.
Accordingly, the impedance from the first and second branch lines up to
the circuit power part and the load is ensured.
[0023] Additionally, the impedance element is connected to only the second
branch line, while the load is connected to only the first branch line.
Therefore, the impedance element is supplied with part of direct current
power flowing in the power line, the part being provided to the circuit
power part. Therefore, since the impedance element has only to cope with
small current, the impedance element can be small-sized in comparison
with the conventional impedance element. Consequently, it is possible to
miniaturize the load control system while reducing both its weight and
[0024] These and other objects and features of the present invention will
claims taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings.
[0025] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a constitution of a conventional
load control system;
[0026] FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing a communication form in accordance
with ASK method;
[0027] FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a constitution of a load control
system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] FIGS. 4A to 4E are circuit diagrams showing a concrete example of
[0029] FIG. 5 is a timing chart showing a situation where amplitude of a
communication signal received by a PLC part varies when a capacity of a
condenser does not resonate with frequency of the communication signal;
[0030] FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing a situation where the amplitude of
the communication signal received by the PLC part varies when the
capacity of the condenser resonates with the frequency of the
[0031] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with
reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a
constitution of a load control system 1 in accordance with one embodiment
of the present invention. The load control system 1 comprises a master
station 2 mounted on a vehicle (not shown), a slave station 3, a power
line [i.e. a positive wire (+B) of a battery] 4 and a ground line 5. The
power line 4 is supplied with direct-current electricity (or direct
current power) affording a driving electric power. The master station 2
includes a control part 21, a PLC part 22, a branch line 23, an impedance
element 24 and a circuit power part 25. While, the slave station 3
includes a PLC part 31, branch lines 32, 33, an impedance element 34, a
circuit power part 35, relays 36a.about.36d, a motor 37, a condenser 38
and a control part 39. In the above-constructed load control system 1,
the master station 2 and the slave station 3 are communicated with each
other by means of communication signals, so that the motor 37 is driven
in rotation. In this embodiment, the master station 2 constitutes an
actuator control unit, while the slave station 3 constitutes an
intelligent actuator having the motor 37 built-in. Note that although
reference numeral 371 indicates a coil in FIG. 3, this coil 371
represents an equivalent circuit of the motor 37.
[0032] By combining signals of "0" with signals of "1", the control part
21 produces a master signal relating to operational contents of the motor
37 and further outputs the master signal to the PLC part 22.
[0033] The PLC part 22 convert the master signal to a communication signal
with application of ASK (amplitude shift keying) modulation. The
resultant communication signal is generated from the PLC part 22 to the
power line 4. The PLC part 22 also receives a communication signal
supplied from the slave station 3 through the power line 4, converts the
communication signal to a slave signal with application of ASK (amplitude
shift keying) demodulation and outputs the slave signal to the control
part 21. Note that this slave signal is one produced by the control part
39 previously and representing a completion of the operation of the motor
37 or the like.
[0034] The branch line 23 is connected to the power line 4, while the
circuit power part 25 is connected to the branch line 23 through the
impedance element 24. The circuit power part 25 produces desired electric
power from direct-current electricity supplied through the branch line 23
and supplies the electric power to the control part 21 and the PLC part
22. The control part 21 and the PLC part 22 are driven by the electric
power supplied from the circuit power part 25.
[0035] The PLC part 31 receives a communication signal (i.e. signal
supplied from the master station 2) through the power line 4, converts
the communication signal to a master signal by ASK modulation and outputs
the master signal to the control part 39. Additionally, the PLC part 31
also converts a slave signal supplied from the control part 39 to a
communication signal by ASK demodulation and outputs the communication
signal to the power line 4.
[0036] The branch lines 32, 33 are connected to the power line 4, while
the impedance element 34 is connected to only the branch line (i.e. the
second branch line) 33.
[0037] The circuit power part 35 is connected to the branch line 33
through the impedance element 34. The circuit power part 35 produces
desired electric power from direct-current electricity supplied through
the branch line 33 and supplies the electric power to the control part 39
and the PLC part 31. The control part 39 and the PLC part 31 are driven
by the electric power supplied from the circuit power part 35.
[0038] FIGS. 4A to 4E show concrete examples of the impedance element 34.
For example, the impedance element 34 is formed by a coil of FIG. 4A, a
ferrite bead of FIG. 4B, a resistance of FIG. 4C, a parallel circuit
having a ferrite bead and a condenser of FIG. 4D, a series circuit having
a resistance and a coil of FIG. 4E or a not-shown circuit as a result of
combining these elements.
[0039] The relays 36a, 36b have their one ends connected to the branch
line (i.e. the first branch line) 32. The other end of the relay 36a is
connected to one end of the relay 36c and one end (terminal) of the motor
37. The other end of the relay 36b is connected to one end of the relay
36d and the other end (terminal) of the motor 37. The other ends of the
relays 36c, 36d are connected to the ground line 5.
[0040] The motor 37 is connected to only the branch line 32 and driven in
rotation by direct-current electricity flowing in the power line 4. In
detail, when the relays 36a, 36d are activated (ON), the direct current
flowing in the power line 4 flows from the one end (terminal) of the
motor 37 to the other end (terminal). When the relays 36b, 36c are
activated (ON), the direct-current electricity flowing in the power line
4 flows from the other end (terminal) of the motor 37 to the other end
(terminal). Therefore, a rotating direction of the motor 37 when the
relays 36a, 36d are activated (ON) is opposite to a rotating direction of
the motor 37 when the relays 36b, 36c are activated (ON). For example,
such rotations of the motor 37 are utilized to drive a powered window
(not shown). Now, the rotating direction of the motor 37 when the relays
36a, 36d are activated (ON) is defined as "forward direction", while the
rotating direction of the motor 37 when the relays 36b, 36c are activated
(ON) is defined as "backward direction".
[0041] The condenser 38 is connected in parallel with the motor 37. The
condenser 38 has a capacitance resonating with an inductance component of
the motor 37 and frequency of the communication signal. That is,
representing capacitance of the condenser 37, self-inductance of the coil
371 and the frequency of the communication signal by C, L and f,
respectively, there is established, among these parameters, a
relationship shown with the following expression (1).
f=1/{2.times..pi..times.(L.times.C) (1/2)} (1)
[0042] Accordingly, since the impedance of a parallel resonant circuit 6
consisting of the inductance component of the motor 37 and the condenser
38 has a maximum value at the frequency of the communication signal, an
increase in the magnitude of the communication signal due to the branch
line 32 is minimized.
[0043] FIG. 5 shows a situation where the magnitude of the communication
signal received by the PLC parts 22, 31 changes when the capacitance of
the condenser 38 does not resonate with the frequency of the
communication signal. FIG. 6 shows a situation where the magnitude of the
communication signal received by the PLC parts 22, 31 changes when the
capacitance of the condenser 38 resonates with the frequency of the
communication signal. In the figures, "SW-ON" designates the motor 37 in
rotation, while "SW-OFF" designates the motor 37 at standstill. As either
the relays 36a, 36b in pairs or the relays 36b, 36c in pairs are
activated at rotation of the motor 37, the branch line 32 is electrically
connected to the ground line 5. In other words, the communication signal
flows in the branch line 32.
[0044] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the capacitance of the condenser 38
resonates with the frequency of the communication signal, the magnitude
of the communication signal that each of the PLC parts 22, 31 receives
during rotating of the motor is larger than that in case that the
capacitance of the condenser 38 does not resonate with the frequency of
the communication signal. Because the impedance of the parallel resonant
circuit 6 has a maximum value at the frequency of the communication
[0045] In the load control system 1 of this embodiment, therefore, the
parallel resonant circuit 6 and the impedance element 34 are together
connected to the branch line 32, so that the impedance from the branch
lines 32, 33 up to the circuit power part 35 and the motor 37 can be
[0046] The control part 39 controls the operation of the motor 37, based
on the master signal supplied from the PLC part 31. In detail, the
control part 39 activates either the relays 36a, 36 in pairs or the
relays 36b, 36c in pairs to rotate the motor 37 and inactivates all of
the relays 36a, 36b, 36c and 36d to stop a rotation of the motor 37. The
control part 39 produces the slave signal representing a completion of
the operation of the motor 37 or the like and outputs the slave signal to
the PLC part 31.
[0047] The operation of the load control system 1 will be described by one
example that the motor 37 starts to rotate in the forward direction.
[0048] When the power line 4 is supplied with direct-current electricity,
it is supplied to the circuit contort parts 25, 35 through the impedance
elements 24, 34, respectively. Then, the circuit control part 25 produces
desired electric power from the direct-current electricity and further
supplies the control part 21 and the PLC part 22 with the produced
electric power. Similarly, the circuit control part 35 produces desired
electric power from the direct-current electricity and further supplies
the control part 39 and the PLC part 31 with the produced electric power.
In this way, the control parts 21, 39 and the PLC parts 22, 31 are driven
[0049] The control part 21 combines the 0-signals with the 1-signals to
produce a master signal allowing the motor 37 to start its rotation in
the forward direction and outputs the master signal to the PLC part 22.
Then, the PLC part 22 converts the master signal to a communication
signal in accordance with ASK modulation and further outputs the
communication signal to the power line 4. At this moment, the branch line
32 and the ground line 5 are disconnected from each other, so that the
communication signal flows in not only the power line 4 but also the
branch lines 23, 33. Nevertheless, owing to the provision of the
impedance elements 24, 34, the amplitude of the communication signal that
the PLC part 31 receives gets large in comparison with amplitude of a
communication signal that the PLC part 31 would receive if the impedance
elements 24, 34 are not provided. That is, despite of flowing of the
communication signal in the branch lines 23, 33, there is no possibility
that the accuracy of communication is damaged.
[0050] Receiving the communication signal provided from the power line 4,
the PLC part 31 converts the communication signal to a master signal by
ASK demodulation and further outputs the master signal to the control
[0051] Then, the control part 39 turns on the relays 36a, 36d in pairs
only, on the basis of the master signal supplied from the PLC part 31.
Consequently, since the branch line 32 is electrically connected to the
ground line 5, the direct-current electricity flows from one end of the
coil 371 to the other end, so that the motor 37 begins to rotate in the
forward direction. It is noted that at this moment, the communication
signal flows in the branch line 32 also. Nevertheless, as an impedance of
the parallel resonant circuit 6 is established to have a maximum value at
the frequency of the communication signal, a reduction of the magnitude
of the communication signal due to the branch line 32 is minimized.
Namely, despite of flowing of the communication signal in the branch line
32, there is no possibility that the accuracy of communication is
[0052] The control part 39 produces a slave signal informing that the
motor 37 has begun to rotate in the forward direction and outputs the
slave signal to the PLC part 31. Receiving the slave signal provided from
the control part 39, the PLC part 31 converts the slave signal to a
communication signal by ASK modulation and further outputs the
communication signal to the power line 4.
[0053] In the master station 2, the PLC part 22 receives the above
communication signal supplied from the slave station 3 through the power
line 4 and converts the communication signal to a slave signal by ASK
demodulation. Then, the PLC part 22 further outputs the slave signal to
the control part 21. The control part 21 recognizes that the motor 37 has
begun to rotate in the forward direction, based on the content of the
slave signal.
[0054] As mentioned above, according to the embodiment, it is possible to
ensure the impedance from the branch lines 32 33 up to the circuit power
part 35 and the motor 37 since the parallel resonant circuit 6 and the
impedance element 34 are together connected to the branch line 32.
Additionally, the impedance element 34 is connected to only the branch
line 33, while the motor 37 is connected to only the branch line 32.
Thus, in the direct-current electricity flowing in the power line 4, only
direct-current electricity (portion) to be supplied to the circuit power
part 35 flows in the impedance element 34. It means that the impedance
element 34 has only to cope with small current. Therefore, it is possible
to miniaturize the impedance element 34, whereby the load control system
1 can be small sized to reduce both weight and manufacturing cost of the
system 1 in comparison with the conventional system. Additionally, as the
motor 37 is mounted on the vehicle in the embodiment, the above-mentioned
effects could be realized in various fields related to a vehicle. For
instance, in the vehicle, it is possible to reduce an installation space
for the load control system 1.
[0055] Finally, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the
foregoing descriptions are nothing but one embodiment of the disclosed
load control system and apparatus and therefore, various changes and
modifications may be made without any departure from the present purpose
of the invention. For instance, the motor 37 of the shown embodiment may
be replaced by another load, for example, light. As for the slave station
3, a circuit part including the control part 39 may be separated from the
motor 37. Additionally, the control part 39 may be constructed so as to
control loads besides the motor 37.
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