Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8032386B2/en
Timestamp: 2018-05-27 14:09:31
Document Index: 540871875

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 140', 'art=0', 'art=1', 'art=0', 'art=1', 'Application No. 06769223', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2008', 'Application No. 06769225']

US8032386B2 - Apparatus and method of processing an audio signal - Google Patents
Apparatus and method of processing an audio signal Download PDF
US8032386B2
US8032386B2 US12232744 US23274408A US8032386B2 US 8032386 B2 US8032386 B2 US 8032386B2 US 12232744 US12232744 US 12232744 US 23274408 A US23274408 A US 23274408A US 8032386 B2 US8032386 B2 US 8032386B2
US12232744
US20090037192A1 (en )
N/(m i)for i=1,2, . . . p,
Hereinafter, the information for random access according to the present invention will be described in detail. Referring to the configuration syntax (shown in Table 6), information related with random access are transmitted as configuration information. For example, a “random_access” field is used as information for indicating whether random access is allowed, which may be represented by using 8 bits. Furthermore, if random access is allowed, the 8-bit “random_access” field designates the number of frames configuring a random access unit. For example, when “random_access=0000 0000”, the random access is not supported. In other words, when “random_access >0”, random access is supported. More specifically, when “random_access=0000 0001”, this indicates that the number of frames configuring the random access unit is 1. This signifies that random access is allowed in all frame units. Furthermore, when “random_access=1111 1111”, this indicates that the number of frames configuring the random access unit is 255. Accordingly, the “random_access” information corresponds to a distance between a random access frame within the current random access unit and a random access frame within the next random access unit. Herein, the distance is expressed by the number of frames.
x ^ ⁡ ( n ) = ∑ k = 1 K ⁢ ⁢ h k * x ⁡ ( n - k ) ,
The optimum order (op_order) is decided based upon the value of max_order field and the size (NB) of the corresponding block. More specifically, for example, when the max_order is decided as Kmax=10 and “adap_order=1”, the opt_order for each block may be decided considering the size of the corresponding block. In some case, the opt_order value being larger than max_order (Kmax=10) is possible.
which, in turn, are encoded by using the first entropy coding part 140, e.g., the Rice code method. The corresponding offsets and parameters of Rice code used in this process can be globally chosen from one of the sets shown in Table 3, 4 and 5 below. A table index (i.e., a 2-bit “coef_table”) is indicated in the configuration syntax (Table 6). If “coef_table=11”, this indicates that no entropy coding is applied, and the quantized coefficients are transmitted with 7 bits each. In this case, the offset is always −64 in order to obtain unsigned values δk=αk+64 that are restricted to [0, 127]. Conversely, if “coeff_table=00”, Table 3 below is selected, and if “coeff_table=01”, Table 4 below is selected. Finally, if “coeff_table=10”, Table 5 is selected.
par 1=└{circumflex over (γ)}12Q┘=Γ(α1);
par 2=└{circumflex over (γ)}22Q┘=−Γ(α2);
A Rice code is defined by a parameter s≧0. For a given value of s, each codeword consists of a p-bit prefix and an s-bit sub-code. The prefix is signaled using p−1 “1”-bits and one “0”-bit, with p depending on the coded value. For a signal value x and s>0, p−1 is calculated as follows (“÷” means integer division without remainder in the equations below):
p - 1 = { x ÷ 2 s - 1 for ⁢ ⁢ x ≥ 0 ( - x - 1 ) ÷ 2 s - 1 for ⁢ ⁢ x < 0
For s=0, we used a modified calculation:
p - 1 = { 2 ⁢ x for ⁢ ⁢ x ≥ 0 - 2 ⁢ x - 1 for ⁢ ⁢ x < 0
The sub-code for s>0 is calculated as follows:
s ⁡ [ i ] = { x - 2 s - 1 ⁢ ( p - 1 ) + 2 s - 1 for ⁢ ⁢ x ≥ 0 ( - x - 1 ) - 2 s - 1 ⁢ ( p - 1 ) for ⁢ ⁢ x < 0
and for the ith sub-block. For s=0 there is no sub-code but only the prefix, thus the prefix and the codeword are identical.
Values P Prefix Codeword
−8 . . . +7 1 0 0xxxx
−16 . . . −9; +8 . . . +15 2 10 10xxxx
−24 . . . −17; +16 . . . +23 3 110 110xxxx
−32 . . . −25; +24 . . . +31 4 1110 1110xxxx
−40 . . . −33; +32 . . . +39 5 11110 11110xxxx
Values Values Values sub-code
(p = 1) (p = 2) (p = 3) (xxxx)
−8 −16 −24 0111
−7 −15 −23 0110
−6 −14 −22 0101
−5 −13 −21 0100
−4 −12 −20 0011
−3 −11 −19 0010
−2 −10 −18 0001
−1 −9 −17 0000
0 8 16 1000
1 9 17 1001
2 10 18 1010
3 11 19 1011
4 12 20 1100
5 13 21 1101
6 14 22 1110
7 15 23 1111
“Special” Rice code with s = 0. Prefix
−1 2 10 10
+1 3 110 110
−2 4 1110 1110
+2 5 11110 11110
The configuration syntax (Table 6) first includes a 1-bit “bgmc_mode” field. For example, “bgmc_mode=0” signifies the Rice code, and “bgmc_mode=1” signifies the BGMC code. The configuration syntax (Table 6) also includes a 1-bit “sb_part” field. The “sb_part” field corresponds to information related to a method of partitioning a block into sub-block(s) and coding the partitioned sub-block. Herein, the meaning of the “sb_part” field varies in accordance with the value of the “bgmc_mode” field.
For example, when “bgmc_mode=0”, in other words when the Rice code is applied, “sb_part=0” signifies that the block is not partitioned into sub-blocks. And, “sb_part=1” signifies that the block is partitioned at a 1:4 sub-block partition ratio. Additionally, when “bgmc_mode=1”, in other words when the BGMC code is applied, “sb_part=0” signifies that the block is partitioned at a 1:4 sub-block partition ratio. Alternatively, “sb_part=1” signifies that the block is partitioned at a 1:2:4:8 sub-block partition ratio.
While the code parameter s[i=0] of the first sub-block is directly transmitted with either 4 bits (resolution≦16 bits) or 5 bits (resolution>16 bits), only the differences (s[i]-s[i−1]) of following parameters s[i>0] are transmitted. These differences are additionally encoded using appropriately chosen Rice codes again. In this case, the Rice code parameter used for differences has the value of “0”. Alternatively, the selected entropy code may be BMGC code with a code parameter value of “2”.
C = CompressedFileSize OriginalFileSize * 100 ⁢ % ,
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