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Timestamp: 2018-11-15 04:51:37
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Demotech, Inc. Comparative Expense Study of Citizens Property Insurance Corporation. By Joseph L. Petrelli Douglas A. Powell Barry J. - PDF
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1 Comparative Expense Study of By Joseph L. Petrelli Douglas A. Powell Barry J. Koestler
2 Table of Contents Introduction Carriers Focused in Florida (Peer Group 1)... 1 Carriers Focused in State Other than Florida (Peer Group 2)... 2 Financial Statement Analysis... 2 Conclusions... 3 Ceded Premium Written... 3 Reinsurance Ceded Commission and Brokerage... 4 Salaries... 4 Overall Impact to Expenses... 5 Exhibit 1 Expenses Exhibit 2 Composite of 47 Carriers* Writing Predominately Property in Florida - Expenses (Peer Group 1)... 7 Exhibit 3A Composite of 77 State Specialists Writing Predominately Property in a State Other Than Florida - Expenses (Peer Group 2)... 8 Exhibit 3B List of 77 State Specialists Writing Predominately Allied, Fire and Homeowners in a State Other Than Florida (Peer Group 2)... 9 Exhibit 4 Comparison of Actual Expenses Combined Exhibit 5 Comparison of Actual Expenses to Net Premium Written Combined Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Exhibit 6 Citizens Expenses Combined Actual and Adjusted for Peer Group Expense Ratios and Ceding Percentages Exhibit 7 Peer Groups 1 and 2 Expenses Combined - Adjusted for Citizens Expense Ratios and Ceding Percentage About the Authors About... 14
3 Introduction has completed an analysis of the relative historical expense levels reported by, 47 carriers dedicated to Florida s property insurance marketplace as well as 77 private, single state insurers focused on the property insurance marketplace in states other than Florida. It is our observation that the expense levels of Citizens compare favorably to other property writers focused in a single state due to its unique corporate structure, as approved by the Florida Financial Services Commission. Please note that even though Demotech obtained the information that we reviewed from a third party vendor of data from the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC), neither the NAIC or its authorized vendor, SNL, endorse any analysis or conclusion based upon the use of the NAIC s data. (Citizens) is a not-for-profit, tax-exempt government corporation whose public purpose is to provide insurance protection to Florida property owners throughout the state. Citizens operates according to the statutory requirements created by the Florida Legislature and a Plan of Operation approved by the Florida Financial Services Commission. Citizens is governed by a Board of Governors that administers its Plan of Operation. The Governor of Florida, the President of the Florida Senate, the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives and the Chief Financial Officer of Florida each appoint two members to the Board of Governors. Citizens has offices in Tallahassee, Jacksonville and Tampa. Its headquarters is located in Tallahassee and the Jacksonville and Tampa offices provide policy services and underwriting, claims and customer support. 1 Carriers Focused in Florida (Peer Group 1) For comparative purposes, we created a peer group of carriers focused in Florida that specialize in property insurance. 2 To be included in this peer group, the carrier had to write at least 75 percent of its direct premium written in Florida and the majority of its premium in the homeowners multi-peril line of business at year-end There are 47 companies included in this group. Peer Group 1 averages over 98 percent of their direct premium written in Florida and nearly 96 percent of their direct premium written in the property insurance lines of business. 1 Source of information excerpted on 11/19/ Citizens reported its direct premiums written on page 8 in the Fire, Allied and Homeowner Multi-peril lines of business. Provided by Page 1
4 Carriers Focused in State Other than Florida (Peer Group 2) For comparative purposes, we created a peer group of carriers focused in states other than Florida that specialize in property insurance. To be included in this peer group, the carrier had to be classified as a State Specialist 3 and write the majority of its premium in the homeowners multi-peril line of business at year-end There are 77 companies included in this group. Peer Group 2 averages over 86 percent of their direct premium written in the property insurance lines of business. Financial Statement Analysis The information underlying the relative expense levels was obtained from financial statements completed by the carriers and submitted to their respective regulatory bodies. The principles underlying the expense data are statutory in nature. The information was summarized from Underwriting and Investment Expenses, Part 3 - Expenses of the NAIC Property and Casualty annual statement format. Premium data is also statutory in nature and obtained from Underwriting and Investment Expenses, Part 1B Premiums Written. Please note that Demotech made no assumptions or adjustments to the underlying data. The data was compiled as reported by the carriers. A review and comparison of the expense information reported for the period encompassing calendar years 2006 through 2010 inclusive was prepared. Based on this review and comparison of the expense and premium information, Demotech concluded that Citizens expense ratio advantages, while favorable on an overall basis, are heavily influenced by factors that relate to the corporate structure bestowed by statute as opposed to competitive advantages associated with procedures and practices implemented within the organization. Recognizing that the financial information underlying our analysis may have limitations that are not fully disclosed or otherwise unavailable from the financial statements prepared by the insurer, we enumerate three areas that led us to our conclusion and discuss the nature of the advantages: Ceded premium written (Annual Statement Page 8, Lines 1, 3 and 4, Columns 4 and 5) Reinsurance ceded commission and brokerage (Annual Statement Page 11, Line 2.3) Salaries (Annual Statement Page 11, Line 8.1). Keep in mind that these items are influenced by the business model of Citizens, as approved by the Florida Financial Services Commission. This approved business plan is significantly different than the business plans available to private insurers with a similar business focus, whether within the State of Florida or other states. 3 To be categorized as a State Specialist, a carrier must be an individual, active company reporting data to the NAIC using the P&C annual statement format at 12/31/2010. It must write at least $1,000,000 at 12/31/2010 with 90 percent or more in one state. Further, it cannot be a surplus lines company, risk retention group or reinsurance company. Provided by Page 2
5 The exhibits created for the purpose of analysis are as follows: Exhibit 1 contains the information for Citizens as reported for Exhibit 2 contains the information for the Florida property writers as reported for , i.e. Peer Group 1. Exhibit 3 contains the information for the property writers focused in a state other than Florida as reported for , i.e. Peer Group 2. Exhibit 4 contains the composite financial information for Citizens and the peer groups as reported for the years ending Exhibit 5 contains the expense ratios for the line items reported on Underwriting and Investment Exhibit, Part 3 - Expenses to net premium written for for Citizens and the peer groups. Exhibit 6 contains the financial information for Citizens as reported for adjusted for the expense ratios and ceding percentages of the peer groups. Exhibit 7 contains the financial information for the peer groups as reported for adjusted for the expense ratios and ceding percentage of Citizens. Conclusions The conclusions made from our review and comparison of financial statements are detailed below. Ceded Premium Written Citizens ceded an average of 21 percent of direct premium written from 2006 through Over the identical periods, the private sector insurers competing for property insurance business in Florida ceded an average of 65 percent of direct premium written. In the other 49 states, insurers competing for property insurance business ceded an average of 45 percent of direct premium written. These ceding percentages are found at the bottom of Exhibit 5, on page 11 of this study. The impact of Citizens corporate structure and business plan can be seen upon examination of the net premium written levels. If Citizens would have ceded premium at a similar rate as the private sector Florida insurers and written the same amount of direct business, it would have ceded approximately $9.5 billion of premium instead of $3.1 billion. If Citizens would have written the same amount of direct business and ceded premium at a similar rate as the private sector insurers in states other than Florida, it would have ceded approximately $6.6 billion of premium. In either scenario, the reduction to Citizens net premium written would have been significant, as shown at the bottom of Exhibit 6, on page 12 of this study. Conversely, if the private sector Florida insurers had ceded premium at a similar rate as Citizens and written the same amount of direct business, they would have ceded approximately $5.5 billion of premium (bottom of Exhibit 7) instead of over $16.7 billion (bottom of Exhibit 2). The beneficial impact to net premium written would have been significant for these carriers. Provided by Page 3
6 Reinsurance Ceded Commission and Brokerage The level of commission and brokerage that Citizens incurred on reinsurance ceded has been less than 1 percent of net premium written over the reporting periods. Over the identical periods, the private sector insurers competing for property insurance business in Florida averaged 20 percent of net premium written. In the other 49 states, insurers competing for property insurance business averaged 10 percent of net premium written. These commission and brokerage percentages are found in Exhibit 5, Line 2.3. The impact of Citizens business plan is apparent upon examination of the reinsurance ceded commission and brokerage expenses as a portion of net premium written. If Citizens had incurred commission and brokerage on reinsurance ceded at a similar rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as the private sector Florida insurers, it would have incurred over $1.2 billion in reinsurance ceded commission and brokerage expenses instead of $82 million. If Citizens had incurred commission and brokerage on reinsurance ceded at a similar rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as the private sector insurers in states other than Florida, it would have incurred over $955 million in reinsurance ceded commission and brokerage expenses. In either scenario, the impact to total expenses would have been significant, as shown in Exhibit 6, Line 2.3. Conversely, if the private sector Florida insurers had incurred reinsurance ceded commission and brokerage at the same rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as Citizens, they would have incurred approximately $144 million (Exhibit 7) instead of approximately $2.2 billion (Exhibit 2) in reinsurance ceded commission and brokerage expenses. The impact to total expenses would have been significant. Salaries As seen on Line 8.1 in Exhibit 5, over the reporting periods Citizens incurred salaries at an average of 2.4 percent of net written premium from 2006 through Over the identical periods, the private sector insurers competing for property insurance business in Florida incurred salaries of an average of 10 percent. In the other 49 states, insurers competing for property insurance business averaged salaries expenses of 10 percent of net premium written. If Citizens had incurred salaries at a similar rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as the private sector Florida insurers, salary expense would have totaled approximately $645 million instead of the nearly $280 million actually incurred over the reporting period. If Citizens had incurred salaries at a similar rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as the private sector insurers in states other than Florida, its salary expense would have been nearly $928 million. In either scenario, the impact to total expenses would have been significant, as shown in Exhibit 6, Line 30. Conversely, if the private sector Florida insurers had incurred salaries at a similar percentage of net premium written and ceded premium at the same percentage as Citizens, they would have incurred over $490 million of salaries (Exhibit 7, Line 8.1) instead of over $1.1 billion (Exhibit 2, Line 8.1). Similar to the scenario stated above, the impact to total expenses would have been significant. Provided by Page 4
7 Overall Impact to Expenses The total expenses paid for Citizens averaged 24 percent of net premium written from 2006 through Over the identical period, the total expenses paid by private sector insurers competing for property insurance business in Florida averaged 56 percent of net premium written. In the other 49 states, expenses for insurers competing for property insurance business averaged 41 percent of net premium written. This information is located in Exhibit 5, Line 30. Based on our review of the expense and premium information, Demotech confirmed that Citizens has specific expense advantages, influenced by factors that relate to the corporate structure bestowed by statute. Citizens unique structure and business plan greatly affects its expenses. If Citizens had paid total expenses at a similar rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as the private sector Florida insurers, it would have paid approximately $3.6 billion in total expenses instead of $2.7 billion. If Citizens had paid total expenses at a similar rate and ceded premium at the same percentage as the private sector insurers in states other than Florida, it would have paid over $3.9 billion in total expenses, as shown in Exhibit 6, Line 30. In either scenario, the impact to underwriting income would be significant. Moreover, if the private sector Florida insurers had paid expenses and ceded premium at similar rates as Citizens, they would have paid over $4.8 billion (Exhibit 7, Line 30) instead of over $6.3 billion in total expenses (Exhibit 2, Line 30). The overall impact to underwriting income would have been highly significant. Provided by Page 5
8 Exhibit 1 Expenses Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Total Average 1. Claim adjustment services: 1.1 Direct 16,657, ,006,568 92,711,701 58,870, ,449, ,695,856 97,739, Reinsurance assumed Reinsurance ceded -36,719,630 29,177, , ,394 3,785,687-4,369, , Net claim adjustment services ( ) 53,376, ,829,511 92,933,979 59,260, ,664, ,065,414 98,613, Commission and brokerage: 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 259,710, ,705, ,769, ,558, ,126,103 1,238,869, ,773, Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 7,544,268 30,444,191 25,614,242 16,026,432 2,591,615 82,220,748 16,444, Contingent - direct Contingent - reinsurance assumed Contingent - reinsurance ceded Policy and membership fees Net commission and brokerage ( ) 252,166, ,261, ,154, ,531, ,537,488 1,156,651, ,330, Allowances to managers and agents 14,069,472 17,466,014 9,871,044 9,722,443 10,212,567 61,341,540 12,268, Advertising -213, , ,883 42,562 59,385 93,438 18, Boards, bureaus and associations 2,205,835 2,921,860 3,684,373 5,783,864 4,721,671 19,317,603 3,863, Surveys and underwriting reports 1,539,838 2,190,193 1,888,417 1,217,817 4,795,582 11,631,847 2,326, Audit of assureds' records Salary and related items: 8.1 Salaries 36,519,830 49,224,108 59,002,118 66,055,296 68,414, ,215,531 55,843, Payroll taxes 2,484,462 3,368,211 4,157,334 4,867,584 5,045,022 19,922,613 3,984, Employee relations and welfare 8,012,233 11,891,361 15,767,816 16,467,604 16,349,332 68,488,346 13,697, Insurance 112, , , , ,993 2,007, , Directors' fees 40,569 50,299 45,269 26,558 15, ,504 35, Travel and travel items 1,646,482 1,715,962 2,142,205 1,617,296 1,517,783 8,639,728 1,727, Rent and rent items 3,332,170 5,972,090 6,909,205 7,207,862 7,149,881 30,571,208 6,114, Equipment 7,365,602 14,821,155 9,888,032 10,443,230 7,825,141 50,343,160 10,068, Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 5,104,423 2,883,112 10,441,450 9,968,826 7,185,209 35,583,020 7,116, Printing and stationery 1,886,515 1,352,716 2,171,551 1,282, ,001 7,063,406 1,412, Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 4,160,516 10,085,016 10,563,231 9,737,133 9,316,286 43,862,182 8,772, Legal and auditing 19,714,264 2,201,466 3,663, ,158 1,671,571 26,499,240 5,299, Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 107,981, ,705, ,810, ,037, ,226, ,761, ,952, Taxes, licenses and fees: 20.1 State & Local Taxes 28,776, ,847,130 43,477,176 31,948,027 40,204, ,253,411 54,650, Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess All Other Taxes Aggregate Taxes 28,776, ,847,130 43,477,176 31,948,027 40,204, ,253,411 54,650, Real estate expenses Real estate taxes Reimbursements by uninsured plans Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 17,116,558 17,255,797 17,059,799 17,118,300 18,091,041 86,641,495 17,328, Total expenses incurred 459,418, ,899, ,436, ,896, ,720,383 2,674,370, ,874, Less unpaid incurred - current year 140,644, ,185, ,410, ,263, ,207, ,711, ,142, Add unpaid expenses - prior year 296,349, ,644, ,185, ,410, ,263,677 1,034,852, ,970, Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 615,123, ,358, ,210, ,043, ,776,116 2,753,511, ,702,304 Part 1B - Premiums Written Total Average Direct Premiums Written 3,400,399,570 3,717,970,890 2,771,846,097 2,181,282,994 2,604,265,281 14,675,764,832 2,935,152,966 Assumed Premium Written Ceded Premium Written 449,730, ,645, ,175, ,999, ,832,983 3,122,385, ,477,084 Net Premium Written 2,950,668,655 2,960,325,027 1,856,670,241 1,571,283,191 2,214,432,298 11,553,379,412 2,310,675,882 Provided by Page 6
9 Exhibit 2 Composite of 47 Carriers* Writing Predominately Property in Florida - Expenses (Peer Group 1) Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Total Average *47 Carriers Writing Predominately Property in FL 1. Claim adjustment services: ACA Home Insurance Corp. 1.1 Direct 165,097, ,950, ,342, ,723, ,406,200 1,112,519, ,503, ACE Insurance Company of the Midwest 1.2 Reinsurance assumed 22,534,292 14,900,520 17,506,030 23,323,631 19,859,599 98,124,072 19,624, American Integrity Insurance Company of Florida 1.3 Reinsurance ceded 101,948,944 66,476,975 73,674, ,750, ,240, ,091,085 89,818, American Modern Insurance Company of Florida, Inc. 1.4 Net claim adjustment services ( ) 85,682, ,373, ,174, ,296, ,024, ,552, ,310, American Traditions Insurance Company 2. Commission and brokerage: Argus Fire & Casualty Insurance Company 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 688,781, ,431, ,500, ,675, ,047,235 3,701,435, ,287, Ark Royal Insurance Company 2.2 Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent 46,203,450 62,185,675 43,381,866 76,322,507 65,153, ,246,612 58,649, ASI Assurance Corp. 2.3 Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 334,038, ,986, ,923, ,401, ,547,645 2,196,897, ,379, ASI Preferred Insurance Corp. 2.4 Contingent - direct 10,930,345 43,345,622 8,728,662 6,545,652 10,893,660 80,443,941 16,088, Avatar Property & Casualty Insurance Company 2.5 Contingent - reinsurance assumed 2,650,987 1,147, , ,080 3,872,149 9,467,022 1,893, Capitol Preferred Insurance Company, Inc. 2.6 Contingent - reinsurance ceded 24,444,669 32,076,639 39,754,409 7,066,024 13,653, ,995,425 23,399, Castle Key Indemnity Company 2.7 Policy and membership fees 12,507,250 20,879,698 21,440,665 24,009,962 24,967, ,804,583 20,760, Castle Key Insurance Company 2.8 Net commission and brokerage ( ) 402,590, ,927, ,209, ,045, ,731,834 1,874,504, ,900, Cypress Property & Casualty Insurance Company 3. Allowances to managers and agents 59,131,623 55,185,197 39,550,256 99,458,354 55,197, ,523,327 61,704, Edison Insurance Company 4. Advertising 23,957,762 35,331,060 37,511,965 20,384,835 13,026, ,212,467 26,042, Fidelity Fire & Casualty Company 5. Boards, bureaus and associations 3,695,164 5,838,041 7,290,250 11,593,970 10,547,168 38,964,593 7,792, First Protective Insurance Company 6. Surveys and underwriting reports 18,142,217 24,879,399 25,241,245 27,340,285 25,665, ,269,140 24,253, Florida Family Insurance Company 7. Audit of assureds' records 818,799 2,282,210 3,225,914 1,432,360 2,525,865 10,285,148 2,057, Florida Farm Bureau Casualty Insurance Company 8. Salary and related items: Florida Peninsula Insurance Company 8.1 Salaries 212,982, ,380, ,631, ,817, ,793,942 1,132,606, ,521, Gulfstream Property and Casualty Insurance Company 8.2 Payroll taxes 14,472,905 14,024,375 15,977,505 15,711,335 14,425,508 74,611,628 14,922, Homeowners Choice P&C Insurance Company, Inc. 9. Employee relations and welfare 45,625,660 50,231,188 48,012,022 43,578,714 44,251, ,699,430 46,339, Homesite Insurance Company of Florida 10. Insurance 7,154,512 7,220,302 7,341,169 5,338,618 4,426,532 31,481,133 6,296, HomeWise Insurance Company 11. Directors' fees 997,750 1,879,456 1,860,684 4,022,103 2,753,737 11,513,730 2,302, HomeWise Preferred Insurance Company 12. Travel and travel items 27,937,170 19,700,741 21,831,294 17,000,845 14,557, ,027,976 20,205, Modern USA Insurance Company 13. Rent and rent items 21,594,428 22,114,152 21,598,872 22,220,903 19,780, ,308,464 21,461, Nationwide Insurance Company of Florida 14. Equipment 15,028,275 13,843,512 14,904,635 13,916,061 13,256,239 70,948,722 14,189, Olympus Insurance Company 15. Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 24,715,632 26,880,380 25,400,453 21,197,053 20,590, ,783,715 23,756, Omega Insurance Company 16. Printing and stationery 8,714,031 8,891,132 7,749,234 6,105,331 5,676,532 37,136,260 7,427, People's Trust Insurance Company 17. Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 24,182,710 26,574,257 27,497,380 22,679,197 21,013, ,946,551 24,389, Prepared Insurance Company 18. Legal and auditing 34,271,904 45,240,180 58,492,009 59,779,308 54,931, ,715,153 50,543, Safe Harbor Insurance Company 19. Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 543,423, ,496, ,116, ,576, ,421,094 2,901,033, ,206, Safeway Property Insurance Company 20. Taxes, licenses and fees: Sawgrass Mutual Insurance Company 20. State & Local Taxes 72,956,063 98,093,237 87,607,936 81,663,037 92,144, ,464,982 86,492, Security First Insurance Company 20. Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees 1,043,057 2,621,315 3,725,006 3,290,868 2,927,888 13,608,134 2,721, Southern Fidelity Insurance Company, Inc. 20. Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess 13,067,567 7,858,130 10,192,040 4,286,847 3,442,691 38,847,275 7,769, Southern Oak Insurance Company 20. All Other Taxes -14,035,328 9,149,519 5,589, ,653 1,406,473 1,743, , St. Johns Insurance Company, Inc. 20. Aggregate Taxes 73,031, ,722, ,114,689 88,874,102 99,921, ,664,109 97,332, State Farm Florida Insurance Company 21. Real estate expenses 401, , , , ,056 2,137, , Sunshine State Insurance Company 22. Real estate taxes 324, , , , ,217 1,528, , Tower Hill Preferred Insurance Company 23. Reimbursements by uninsured plans Tower Hill Prime Insurance Company 24. Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 60,024, ,705,961 79,358,355 76,785,026 43,478, ,351,777 75,870, Tower Hill Select Insurance Company 25. Total expenses incurred 1,165,479,295 1,399,754,610 1,231,756,775 1,355,561,674 1,254,220,254 6,406,772,608 1,281,354, Tower Hill Signature Insurance Company 26. Less unpaid incurred - current year 434,163, ,256, ,006, ,482, ,246,712 2,355,155, ,031, United Property & Casualty Insurance Company 27. Add unpaid expenses - prior year Universal Insurance Company of North America 28. Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year Universal Property & Casualty Insurance Company 29. Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year , , , TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 1,241,832,799 1,402,359,701 1,244,885,129 1,285,136,775 1,172,899,482 6,347,113,886 1,269,422,777 Part 1B - Premiums Written Total Average Direct Premiums Written 4,916,751,331 5,479,207,198 5,023,405,317 4,996,353,325 5,369,291,344 25,785,008,515 5,157,001,703 Assumed Premium Written 431,801, ,910, ,049, ,196, ,692,461 2,159,651, ,930,230 Ceded Premium Written 2,829,102,169 3,718,480,854 3,295,449,893 3,559,400,159 3,301,080,592 16,703,513,667 3,340,702,733 Net Premium Written 2,519,450,374 2,203,637,306 2,158,005,061 2,040,150,048 2,319,903,214 11,241,146,003 2,248,229,201 Provided by Page 7
10 Exhibit 3A Composite of 77 State Specialists Writing Predominately Property in a State Other Than Florida - Expenses (Peer Group 2) Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Total Average 1. Claim adjustment services: 1.1 Direct 166,859, ,959, ,093, ,333, ,061,810 1,198,307, ,661, Reinsurance assumed 23,534,559 27,974,153 29,137,911 27,080,924 33,070, ,797,798 28,159, Reinsurance ceded 55,875,610 59,357, ,099, ,574, ,595, ,502, ,500, Net claim adjustment services ( ) 134,518, ,576, ,131, ,839, ,536, ,602, ,320, Commission and brokerage: 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 893,962, ,133, ,972, ,596, ,989,911 4,586,655, ,331, Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent 90,611, ,450, ,360, ,256, ,041, ,720, ,944, Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 447,385, ,846, ,375, ,463, ,425,299 2,321,496, ,299, Contingent - direct 54,155,320 33,012,328 27,575,245 26,823,798 24,934, ,501,544 33,300, Contingent - reinsurance assumed 15,554,521 12,744,039 8,225,114 4,499,707 2,430,570 43,453,951 8,690, Contingent - reinsurance ceded 43,292,939 24,696,134 17,365,635 16,985,083 17,387, ,727,492 23,945, Policy and membership fees 39,190 2,650,637 2,803,226 2,854,484 2,543,904 10,891,441 2,178, Net commission and brokerage ( ) 563,645, ,448, ,195, ,581, ,127,986 2,900,999, ,199, Allowances to managers and agents 92,919,992 76,071, ,886, ,756, ,561, ,196,475 99,439, Advertising 34,343,460 54,945,035 63,676,297 61,608,132 80,645, ,218,452 59,043, Boards, bureaus and associations 9,466 8,173,727 54,358,283-5,126,351 8,087,426 65,502,551 13,100, Surveys and underwriting reports 8,605,015 9,594,360 9,013,357 13,335,767 14,584,142 55,132,641 11,026, Audit of assureds' records 160, ,002 88, , ,562 1,374, , Salary and related items: 8.1 Salaries 395,674, ,078, ,624, ,494, ,281,537 2,255,153, ,030, Payroll taxes 29,949,725 31,431,149 34,568,546 33,121,411 33,587, ,657,902 32,531, Employee relations and welfare 94,082, ,492, ,150, ,866, ,136, ,727, ,545,438 1 Insurance 3,577,226 3,308,544 3,740,705 3,963,370 3,651,720 18,241,565 3,648,313 1 Directors' fees 1,992,905 2,056,190 2,309,014 2,345,238 2,432,593 11,135,940 2,227,188 1 Travel and travel items 26,041,162 32,032,046 48,577,011 32,894,411 25,629, ,173,719 33,034,744 1 Rent and rent items 40,507,742 42,741,543 46,367,705 49,341,216 44,483, ,441,363 44,688,273 1 Equipment 27,525,706 28,558,949 32,944,194 30,792,348 26,774, ,596,179 29,319,236 1 Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 55,179,161 61,629,260 61,378,959 51,497,585 54,526, ,211,241 56,842,248 1 Printing and stationery 10,589,389 10,187,323 10,002,519 10,449,884 10,337,321 51,566,436 10,313,287 1 Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 42,661,121 39,114,425 42,242,325 42,092,642 41,466, ,576,849 41,515,370 1 Legal and auditing 14,692,695 15,007,646 21,391,121 13,689,732 13,790,423 78,571,617 15,714,323 1 Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 878,512, ,673,784 1,133,320,114 1,038,428,939 1,055,542,858 5,056,478,067 1,011,295,613 2 Taxes, licenses and fees: 20. State & Local Taxes 99,447, ,283,461 69,517, ,315, ,255, ,819, ,763, Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees 3,543,706 3,396,230 5,567,618 4,926,622 5,551,402 22,985,578 4,597, Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess 8,042, , , ,484-4,713,514 5,071,034 1,014, All Other Taxes 3,687,731 6,066,697 6,272,734 6,950,050 7,506,931 30,484,143 6,096, Aggregate Taxes 114,721, ,335,018 82,023, ,679, ,600, ,360, ,472,065 2 Real estate expenses 647, , , , ,586 3,603, ,639 2 Real estate taxes 281, , , , ,151 1,609, ,999 2 Reimbursements by uninsured plans Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 76,546, ,353, ,592,716 92,735,133 95,090, ,317,315 97,863,463 2 Total expenses incurred 1,768,872,628 1,896,372,807 2,101,269,867 1,971,500,198 2,012,955,507 9,750,971,007 1,950,194,201 2 Less unpaid incurred - current year 1,244,441,280 1,304,119,119 1,332,222,180 1,385,800,909 1,377,678,062 6,644,261,550 1,328,852,310 2 Add unpaid expenses - prior year Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 1,743,072,867 1,835,031,081 2,074,561,763 1,917,564,647 2,014,918,264 9,585,148,622 1,917,029,724 Part 1B - Premiums Written Total Average Direct Premiums Written 7,051,892,376 7,087,832,737 7,075,827,356 7,200,288,236 7,248,331,319 35,664,172,024 7,132,834,405 Assumed Premium Written 654,984, ,890, ,836, ,333, ,610,979 3,815,654, ,130,995 Ceded Premium Written 2,935,271,771 3,298,524,813 3,465,557,440 3,190,226,250 3,202,459,816 16,092,040,090 3,218,408,018 Net Premium Written 4,771,604,826 4,534,198,079 4,434,106,148 4,813,395,371 4,834,543,645 23,387,848,069 4,677,569,614 Provided by Page 8
11 Exhibit 3B List of 77 State Specialists Writing Predominately Property in a State Other Than Florida (Peer Group 2) NAIC # Company Name State of Specialty NAIC # Company Name State of Specialty Agents Mutual Insurance Company AR Homesite Insurance Company of Georgia GA Alliance Mutual Insurance Company NC Homesite Insurance Company of Illinois IL Allstate Texas Lloyd's TX Homesite Insurance Company of New York NY American National Lloyds Insurance Company TX Horace Mann Lloyds TX American Risk Insurance Company, Inc. TX Interboro Insurance Company NY American Standard Lloyd's Insurance Company TX Liberty Lloyds of Texas Insurance Company TX Americas Insurance Company LA Lincoln Mutual Insurance Company NC Amica Lloyd's of Texas TX Louisiana Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Company LA Arizona Home Insurance Company AZ Merced Mutual Insurance Company CA Auto Club Indemnity Company TX Mercury Insurance Company of Georgia GA Bankers Specialty Insurance Company LA Middle Georgia Mutual Insurance Company GA Barnstable County Insurance Company MA Nationwide Lloyds TX Barnstable County Mutual Insurance Company MA Nazareth Mutual Ins Co PA Beacon Lloyds Insurance Company TX NC Grange Mutual Insurance Co NC Centre County Mutual Fire Insurance Company PA New Century Insurance Company TX Chubb Lloyds Insurance Company of Texas TX Otsego Mutual Fire Insurance Company NY Citation Insurance Company MA Pacific Specialty Property and Casualty Company TX Colonial Lloyds TX Palisades Property & Casualty Insurance Company NJ Conemaugh Valley Mutual Insurance Company PA Palmetto Casualty Insurance Company SC Crestbrook Insurance Company CA Pan Handle Farmers Mutual Insurance Company of West Virginia WV Cypress Texas Lloyds TX Residence Mutual Insurance Company CA Delta Lloyds Insurance Company of Houston Texas TX Safety Indemnity Insurance Company MA Dorchester Mutual Insurance Company MA Safety Property and Casualty Insurance Company MA Farm Bureau New Horizons Insurance Company of Missouri MO Security Mutual Insurance Company NY Farmers & Mechanics Mutual Insurance Association of Cecil County, Inc. MD State Farm General Insurance Company CA Farmers' and Mechanics' Mutual Insurance Company PA State Farm Lloyds TX Farmers and Merchants Mutual Fire Insurance Company MI State Mutual Insurance Company ME Farmers Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Branch County MI Sterling Insurance Company NY Farmers Mutual of Tennessee TN Stonington Lloyds Insurance Company TX Fidelity Mohawk Insurance Company NJ Sunapee Mutual Fire Insurance Company NH First American Specialty Insurance Company CA Texas Farmers Insurance Company TX FMI Insurance Company NJ Thames Insurance Company, Inc. MA Foremost Lloyds of Texas TX Travelers Lloyds of Texas Insurance Company TX Friends Cove Mutual Insurance Company PA UFB Casualty Insurance Company IN Gem State Insurance Company ID USAA Texas Lloyd's Company TX Hawaiian Insurance and Guaranty Company, Limited HI Wellington Insurance Company TX High Point Preferred Insurance Company NJ West Virginia Insurance Co. WV Homeowners of America Insurance Company TX Zephyr Insurance Company, Inc. HI Homesite Insurance Company of California CA Provided by Page 9
12 Exhibit 4 Comparison of Actual Expenses Combined Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Citizens Peer Group 1 Peer Group 2 1. Claim adjustment services: 1.1 Direct 488,695,856 1,112,519,334 1,198,307, Reinsurance assumed 0 98,124, ,797, Reinsurance ceded -4,369, ,091, ,502, Net claim adjustment services ( ) 493,065, ,552, ,602, Commission and brokerage: 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 1,238,869,360 3,701,435,890 4,586,655, Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent 0 293,246, ,720, Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 82,220,748 2,196,897,639 2,321,496, Contingent - direct 0 80,443, ,501, Contingent - reinsurance assumed 0 9,467,022 43,453, Contingent - reinsurance ceded 0 116,995, ,727, Policy and membership fees 0 103,804,583 10,891, Net commission and brokerage ( ) 1,156,651,612 1,874,504,981 2,900,999, Allowances to managers and agents 61,341, ,523, ,196, Advertising 93, ,212, ,218, Boards, bureaus and associations 19,317,603 38,964,593 65,502, Surveys and underwriting reports 11,631, ,269,140 55,132, Audit of assureds' records 0 10,285,148 1,374, Salary and related items: 8.1 Salaries 279,215,531 1,132,606,404 2,255,153, Payroll taxes 19,922,613 74,611, ,657, Employee relations and welfare 68,488, ,699, ,727, Insurance 2,007,027 31,481,133 18,241, Directors' fees 178,504 11,513,730 11,135, Travel and travel items 8,639, ,027, ,173, Rent and rent items 30,571, ,308, ,441, Equipment 50,343,160 70,948, ,596, Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 35,583, ,783, ,211, Printing and stationery 7,063,406 37,136,260 51,566, Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 43,862, ,946, ,576, Legal and auditing 26,499, ,715,153 78,571, Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 664,761,393 2,901,033,831 5,056,478, Taxes, licenses and fees: 20.1 State & Local Taxes 273,253, ,464, ,819, Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees 0 13,608,134 22,985, Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess 0 38,847,275 5,071, All Other Taxes 0 1,743,718 30,484, Aggregate Taxes 273,253, ,664, ,360, Real estate expenses 0 2,137,480 3,603, Real estate taxes 0 1,528,110 1,609, Reimbursements by uninsured plans Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 86,641, ,351, ,317, Total expenses incurred 2,674,370,325 6,406,772,608 9,750,971, Less unpaid incurred - current year 955,711,701 2,355,155,363 6,644,261, Add unpaid expenses - prior year 1,034,852, Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year 0 801, TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 2,753,511,521 6,347,113,886 9,585,148,622 Part 1B - Premiums Written Citizens Peer Group 1 Peer Group 2 Direct Premiums Written 14,675,764,832 25,785,008,515 35,664,172,024 Assumed Premium Written 0 2,159,651,150 3,815,654,977 Ceded Premium Written 3,122,385,420 16,703,513,667 16,092,040,090 Net Premium Written 11,553,379,412 11,241,146,003 23,387,848,069 Provided by Page 10
13 Exhibit 5 Comparison of Actual Expenses to Net Premium Written Combined Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Citizens Peer Group 1 Peer Group 2 1. Claim adjustment services: 1.1 Direct 4.23% 9.90% 5.12% 1.2 Reinsurance assumed 0.00% 0.87% 0.60% 1.3 Reinsurance ceded -0.04% 4.00% 2.64% 1.4 Net claim adjustment services ( ) 4.27% 6.77% 3.09% 2. Commission and brokerage: 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 10.72% 32.93% 19.61% 2.2 Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent 0.00% 2.61% 2.29% 2.3 Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 0.71% 19.54% 9.93% 2.4 Contingent - direct 0.00% 0.72% 0.71% 2.5 Contingent - reinsurance assumed 0.00% 0.08% 0.19% 2.6 Contingent - reinsurance ceded 0.00% 1.04% 0.51% 2.7 Policy and membership fees 0.00% 0.92% 0.05% 2.8 Net commission and brokerage ( ) 10.01% 16.68% 12.40% 3. Allowances to managers and agents 0.53% 2.74% 2.13% 4. Advertising 0.00% 1.16% 1.26% 5. Boards, bureaus and associations 0.17% 0.35% 0.28% 6. Surveys and underwriting reports 0.10% 1.08% 0.24% 7. Audit of assureds' records 0.00% 0.09% 0.01% 8. Salary and related items: 8.1 Salaries 2.42% 10.08% 9.64% 8.2 Payroll taxes 0.17% 0.66% 0.70% 9. Employee relations and welfare 0.59% 2.06% 2.30% 10. Insurance 0.02% 0.28% 0.08% 11. Directors' fees 0.00% 0.10% 0.05% 12. Travel and travel items 0.07% 0.90% 0.71% 13. Rent and rent items 0.26% 0.95% 0.96% 14. Equipment 0.44% 0.63% 0.63% 15. Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 0.31% 1.06% 1.22% 16. Printing and stationery 0.06% 0.33% 0.22% 17. Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 0.38% 1.08% 0.89% 18. Legal and auditing 0.23% 2.25% 0.34% 19. Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 5.75% 25.81% 21.62% 20. Taxes, licenses and fees: 20.1 State & Local Taxes 2.37% 3.85% 2.22% 20.2 Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees 0.00% 0.12% 0.10% 20.3 Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess 0.00% 0.35% 0.02% 20.4 All Other Taxes 0.00% 0.02% 0.13% 20.5 Aggregate Taxes 2.37% 4.33% 2.47% 21. Real estate expenses 0.00% 0.02% 0.02% 22. Real estate taxes 0.00% 0.01% 0.01% 23. Reimbursements by uninsured plans 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 24. Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 0.75% 3.37% 2.09% 25. Total expenses incurred 23.15% 56.99% 41.69% 26. Less unpaid incurred - current year 8.27% 20.95% 28.41% 27. Add unpaid expenses - prior year 8.96% 0.00% 0.00% 28. Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 29. Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year 0.00% 0.01% 0.00% 30. TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 23.83% 56.46% 40.98% Comparison of Premiums to Direct Premium Written Part 1B - Premiums Written Citizens Peer Group 1 Peer Group 2 Direct Premiums Written % % % Assumed Premium Written 0.00% 8.38% 10.70% Ceded Premium Written 21.28% 64.78% 45.12% Net Premium Written 78.72% 43.60% 65.58% Provided by Page 11
14 Exhibit 6 Citizens Expenses Combined Actual and Adjusted for Peer Group Expense Ratios and Ceding Percentages Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Citizens adj. for Peer Group 1 Citizens adj. for Peer Group 2 Citizens Actual 1. Claim adjustment services: 1.1 Direct 488,695, ,200, ,100, Reinsurance assumed 0 55,848,180 57,937, Reinsurance ceded -4,369, ,604, ,100, Net claim adjustment services ( ) 493,065, ,444, ,937, Commission and brokerage: 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 1,238,869,360 2,106,704,856 1,887,398, Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent 0 166,903, ,036, Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 82,220,748 1,250,383, ,290, Contingent - direct 0 45,785,378 68,515, Contingent - reinsurance assumed 0 5,388,239 17,881, Contingent - reinsurance ceded 0 66,588,977 49,267, Policy and membership fees 0 59,081,293 4,481, Net commission and brokerage ( ) 1,156,651,612 1,066,891,029 1,193,754, Allowances to managers and agents 61,341, ,598, ,595, Advertising 93,438 74,111, ,481, Boards, bureaus and associations 19,317,603 22,177,041 26,954, Surveys and underwriting reports 11,631,847 69,021,400 22,686, Audit of assureds' records 0 5,853, , Salary and related items: 8.1 Salaries 279,215, ,632, ,990, Payroll taxes 19,922,613 42,465,866 66,933, Employee relations and welfare 68,488, ,873, ,273, Insurance 2,007,027 17,917,764 7,506, Directors' fees 178,504 6,553,141 4,582, Travel and travel items 8,639,728 57,500,963 67,968, Rent and rent items 30,571,208 61,075,558 91,945, Equipment 50,343,160 40,381,090 60,323, Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 35,583,020 67,606, ,952, Printing and stationery 7,063,406 21,136,430 21,219, Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 43,862,182 69,406,954 85,417, Legal and auditing 26,499, ,835,056 32,332, Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 664,761,393 1,651,148,970 2,080,729, Taxes, licenses and fees: 20.1 State & Local Taxes 273,253, ,141, ,493, Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees 0 7,745,189 9,458, Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess 0 22,110,269 2,086, All Other Taxes 0 992,452 12,544, Aggregate Taxes 273,253, ,989, ,582, Real estate expenses 0 1,216,566 1,482, Real estate taxes 0 869, , Reimbursements by uninsured plans Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 86,641, ,911, ,352, Total expenses incurred 2,674,370,325 3,646,471,089 4,012,502, Less unpaid incurred - current year 955,711,701 1,340,457,430 2,734,098, Add unpaid expenses - prior year 1,034,852, Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year 0 455, TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 2,753,511,521 3,612,515,802 3,944,267,068 Part 1B - Premiums Written Citizens Actual Citizens adj. for Peer Group 1 Citizens adj. for Peer Group 2 Direct Premiums Written 14,675,764,832 14,675,764,832 14,675,764,832 Assumed Premium Written 0 1,229,184,484 1,570,137,534 Ceded Premium Written 3,122,385,420 9,506,952,007 6,621,855,566 Net Premium Written 11,553,379,412 6,397,997,310 9,624,046,800 Provided by Page 12
15 Exhibit 7 Peer Groups 1 and 2 Expenses Combined - Adjusted for Citizens Expense Ratios and Ceding Percentage Underwriting and Investment Exhibit Part 3 Expenses Adjusted Peer Group 1 Adjusted Peer Group 2 1. Claim adjustment services: 1.1 Direct 858,628,286 1,187,599, Reinsurance assumed Reinsurance ceded -7,677,223-10,618, Net claim adjustment services ( ) 866,305,507 1,198,218, Commission and brokerage: 2.1 Direct, excluding contingent 2,176,667,272 3,010,626, Reinsurance assumed, excluding contingent Reinsurance ceded, excluding contingent 144,460, ,807, Contingent - direct Contingent - reinsurance assumed Contingent - reinsurance ceded Policy and membership fees Net commission and brokerage ( ) 2,032,212,427 2,810,826, Allowances to managers and agents 107,775, ,068, Advertising 164, , Boards, bureaus and associations 33,940,620 46,944, Surveys and underwriting reports 20,436,909 28,267, Audit of assureds' records Salary and related items: 8.1 Salaries 490,575, ,532, Payroll taxes 35,003,610 48,414, Employee relations and welfare 120,332, ,436, Insurance 3,526,304 4,877, Directors' fees 313, , Travel and travel items 15,179,819 20,995, Rent and rent items 53,712,966 74,292, Equipment 88,451, ,340, Cost or depreciation of EDP equipment and software 62,518,614 86,471, Printing and stationery 12,410,255 17,165, Postage, telephone and telegraph, exchange and express 77,064, ,591, Legal and auditing 46,558,604 64,396, Totals (Lines 3 to 18) 1,167,971,712 1,615,463, Taxes, licenses and fees: 20.1 State & Local Taxes 480,100, ,044, Insurance Taxes, Lic, Fees Gross Guaranty Assoc Assess All Other Taxes Aggregate Taxes 480,100, ,044, Real estate expenses Real estate taxes Reimbursements by uninsured plans Aggregate write-ins for miscellaneous expenses 152,227, ,551, Total expenses incurred 4,698,812,116 6,499,095, Less unpaid incurred - current year 1,679,165,252 2,322,513, Add unpaid expenses - prior year 1,818,214,660 2,514,838, Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - prior year Amounts receivable relating to uninsured plans - current year TOTAL EXPENSES PAID (Lines ) 4,837,861,524 6,691,420,153 Part 1B - Premiums Written Adjusted Peer Group 1 Adjusted Peer Group 2 Direct Premiums Written 25,785,008,515 35,664,172,024 Assumed Premium Written 0 0 Ceded Premium Written 5,485,965,165 7,587,835,593 Net Premium Written 20,299,043,350 28,076,336,431 Provided by Page 13
16 About the Authors Joseph L. Petrelli, ACAS, MAAA, FCA President Mr. Petrelli has more than forty years of progressively responsible Property and Casualty actuarial and financial analysis experience. He has extensive experience with loss and loss adjustment expense reserve evaluation, product development, and pricing for virtually all Property and Casualty and Title insurance products as well as expertise with loss cost filings, Financial Stability Ratings and merger and acquisition valuations. Mr. Petrelli has been employed in the Property and Casualty insurance industry since He has been actively engaged in the Title insurance industry since Prior to founding, he was employed by a large national Property and Casualty insurer, a regional Property and Casualty insurer, and the Insurance Services Office. Barry J. Koestler II, CFA Chief Ratings Officer Mr. Koestler has nearly twenty years of progressively responsible Property and Casualty actuarial and financial analysis experience. He has worked extensively on loss and loss adjustment expense reserve evaluations, product development, and pricing assignments for Property and Casualty and Title insurance. Mr. Koestler has developed financial analysis expertise by coordinating Financial Stability Ratings and insurance industry data analysis and research projects. He coordinates Property and Casualty and Title Financial Stability Ratings. He has also been involved in hundreds of product development, rate filing, and loss reserving assignments. Douglas A. Powell Senior Financial Analyst Mr. Powell has more than seven years of progressively responsible Property and Casualty, Title and financial analysis experience. He has previous work experience as an accountant and auditor in the not-for-profit and government sectors. Mr. Powell has developed financial analysis expertise by coordinating Financial Stability Ratings and insurance industry data analysis and research projects. About is an independent financial analysis firm located in Columbus, Ohio. Since 1985, Demotech has been serving the insurance industry by providing accurate and proven Financial Stability Ratings (FSRs) for Property & Casualty insurance companies and Title underwriters. FSRs are a leading indicator of the financial stability of a company. Our rating process provides an objective baseline and insight into the future solvency of a company. Demotech has a proven track record of predicting financial stability in the insurance industry and has been leveling the playing field by offering FSRs to insurers of all sizes. Our ability to identify financially stable insurers has been demonstrated through comparisons to other rating services as well as through independent studies. Provided by Page 14