Source: http://www.google.com.pe/patents/WO2007045244A1?cl=en&hl=es-419&output=html_text
Timestamp: 2018-01-19 03:39:34
Document Index: 239294794

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 12', 'art 15', 'art 16', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'art\n13', 'art\n16', 'art\n17', 'art\n22']

Patent WO2007045244A1 - Blade for a wind turbine rotor - Google Patents
A blade (1) for a rotor of a wind turbine having a substantially horizontal' rotor shaft, said rotor comprising a hub, from which the blade extends substantially radially from said rotor when mounted. The blade (1) has a chord plane (K) extending between the leading edge (5) and the trailing edge (S)...http://www.google.com.pe/patents/WO2007045244A1?cl=en&utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent WO2007045244A1 - Blade for a wind turbine rotor
Publication number WO2007045244 A1
Application number PCT/DK2006/000582
Also published as CA2625997A1, CA2625997C, CN101300419A, CN101300419B, CN102588206A, CN102588206B, CN102606388A, CN102606388B, DE602006011640D1, EP1945942A1, EP1945942B1, EP2163760A1, EP2172648A1, US8177517, US8469672, US8864473, US20090232656, US20120257982, US20130272891
Publication number PCT/2006/582, PCT/DK/2006/000582, PCT/DK/2006/00582, PCT/DK/6/000582, PCT/DK/6/00582, PCT/DK2006/000582, PCT/DK2006/00582, PCT/DK2006000582, PCT/DK200600582, PCT/DK6/000582, PCT/DK6/00582, PCT/DK6000582, PCT/DK600582, WO 2007/045244 A1, WO 2007045244 A1, WO 2007045244A1, WO-A1-2007045244, WO2007/045244A1, WO2007045244 A1, WO2007045244A1
Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (40), Classifications (9), Legal Events (7)
WO 2007045244 A1
A blade (1) for a rotor of a wind turbine having a substantially horizontal' rotor shaft, said rotor comprising a hub, from which the blade extends substantially radially from said rotor when mounted. The blade (1) has a chord plane (K) extending between the leading edge (5) and the trailing edge (S) of the blade (1 ) . The blade (1) comprises a root area (2) closest to the hub, an airfoil area (4) furthest away from the hub and a transition area (3) between the root area (2) and the airfoil area (4) , and comprises a single airfoil along substantially the entire airfoil area (4) . The blade (1) comprises at least a first root segment (7) and a second root segment (8) along substantially the entire root area (2) , said segments being arranged with a mutual distance, as seen transverse to the chord plane (K) . At least one of the root segments (7, 8) has an airfoil profile.
1. Blade (1 ) for a rotor of a wind turbine having a substantially horizontal rotor shaft, said rotor comprising a hub, from which the blade (1) extends substantially radially when mounted, said blade (1) comprising a chord plane (K) extending between the leading edge (5) and the trailing edge (6) of said blade, and said blade (1) comprising a root area (2) closest to the hub, an airfoil area (4) furthest away from the hub and a transition area (3) between the root area (2) and the airfoil area (4), and said blade (1 ) comprising a single airfoil substantially along the entire airfoil area (4), characterized in that the blade (1) comprises at least a first root segment (7) and a second root segment (8) along substantially the entire root area (2), said segments being arranged with a mutual distance transverse to the chord plane (K), and that at least one of the root segments (7, 8) has an airfoil profile.
2. Blade (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the chord plane (K) of the blade is twisted in the longitudinal direction (L) of the blade, where the twist may be up to 80 degrees in the longitudinal direction (L) of the blade.
3. Blade (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chord plane (K1 , K2) of the at least one root segment (7, 8) with airfoil profile is substantially parallel to the chord plane (K) of the blade itself in the area closest to the hub.
4. Blade (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the first and the second segments (7, 8) are provided with airfoil profiles.
5. Blade (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chord plane (K1 , K2) of the at least one root segment (7, 8) with airfoil profile has a substantially constant width, the chord plane (K3, K4) of the transition area (3) becoming wider with increasing distance (L) from the hub, and the chord plane (K) of the air- foil area (4) becoming narrower with increasing distance from the hub.
6. Blade (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition area (3) comprises at least a first transition segment (9) and a second transition segment (10), said segments being arranged with a mutual distance, as seen transverse to the chord plane (K), where at least one of the transition segments (9, 10) is provided with an airfoil profile.
7. Blade (1 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the chord plane (K1 , K2) of the at least one transition segment (9, 10) with airfoil profile is substantially parallel to the chord plane (K) of the blade itself at the transition between the transition area (3) and the airfoil area (4).
8. Blade (1 ) according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the first and the second root segment (7, 8) are joined at the portion of the transition area (3) closest to the hub.
9. Blade (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the first and the second root segment (7, 8) merge into the first and the second transition segment (9, 10), where the first and the second transition segment (9, 10) are joined with the portion of the transition area (3) furthest away from the hub.
10. Blade (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second root segment (7, 8) are joined to form a common mounting area at the portion of the root area (2), said area preferably having a substantially circular cross- section.
11. Blade (1 ) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one root segment (7, 8) with airfoil profile is a separately mounted segment (15, 16).
Title: Blade for a wind turbine rotor
The present invention relates to a blade for a rotor of a wind turbine having a substan- tially horizontal rotor shaft, said rotor comprising a hub, from which the blade extends substantially radially when mounted, said blade comprising a chord plane extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge of said blade, and said blade comprising a root area closest to the hub, an airfoil area furthest away from the hub and a transition area between the root area and the airfoil area, and said blade comprising a sin- gle airfoil along substantially the entire airfoil area.
Ideally, a blade of the airfoil type is shaped like a typical aeroplane wing, where the chord plane width of the blade as well as the first derivative thereof increase continu- ously with decreasing distance from the hub. This results in the blade, ideally being comparatively wide in the vicinity of the hub. This again results in problems when having to mount the blade to the hub, and, moreover, this causes great loads when the blade is mounted, such as storm loads, due to the large surface area of the blade.
It is well known from the aeroplane industry that aeroplanes built with two wings, so called biplanes, can normally lift more than an aeroplane with only one wing. This al- lows for an increase of the total lift of the wings of the aeroplane without increasing the width of the wings. This principle is also know in connection with blades for wind turbines, i.a. by manufacturing wind turbines with two or more rotors. CA 2 395 612 describes a wind turbine with two co-axial rotors where one rotor rotates faster than the second. GB 758 628 describes a wind turbine with two co-axial rotors rotating in opposite directions.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by the blade comprising at least a first root segment and a second root segment along substantially the entire root area, said segments being arranged with a mutual distance transverse to the chord plane, and by at least one of the root segments having an airfoil profile. In this way, the root segment having the airfoil profile contributes to the production of the wind turbine.
According to a preferred embodiment of the blade according to the invention, the chord plane of the blade is twisted in the longitudinal direction of the blade, where the twist may be up to 80 degrees in the longitudinal direction of the blade. Typically, the twist is between 60 and 70 degrees. Usually, the first derivative of the twist increases with de- creasing distance to the hub, which means, that the twist of the chord plane K1 in the root area 2 preferably is comparatively high.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the chord plane of at least the one root segment with airfoil profile is substantially parallel to the chord plane of the blade itself in the area closest to the hub. Preferably, the chord plane of the blade is twisted in the longitudinal direction of the blade in order to compensate for the increase in local velocity of the blade with increasing distance from the hub, which means that the blade "sees" the wind direction differently depending on the radius from the hub. This means that in this embodiment, the course of the chord plane in the longitudinal direction of the root area is a continuation of the course of the chord plane in the longi- tudinal direction of the airfoil area and/or the transition area.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, both the first and the second root segment are provided with airfoil profiles. In this way, both root segments contribute to the production of the wind turbine and may be designed such that the total con- tribution from the two segments corresponds to the contribution of the wide portion of the ideal blade.
Typically, the total length of the root area and the transition area is between 5 % and 35 % of the total length of the blade, and often between 5 % and 25 % of the total length of the blade or even between 5 % and 15 % of the total length of the blade.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and the second root segment are joined at the portion of the transition area closest to the hub. In this way, the transition area may have a shape corresponding to a conventional blade, while only the root area has a dual profile. According to another embodiment of the blade, the first and the second root segment merge into the first and the second transition segment, where the first and the second transition segment are joined with the portion of the transition area furthest away from the hub. In this way, the transition area also has a dual structure and thus a potentially greater lift.
According to a preferred embodiment, the blade is made up of a shell body made of a polymer material reinforced with glass fibres or carbon fibres. Preferably, the blade is designed as a single whole shell body.
Alternatively, the at least one root segment with airfoil profile may have a separately mounted segment. This embodiment is advantageous in that said segments may be used for existing wind turbines without having to exchange the blades, e.g. by mounting segments to the root part of already installed blades. It is also apparent that not all root segments are necessarily secured to the hub.
Fig. 3-9 show different embodiments of the blade according to the invention. Best Modes for Carrying out the Invention
Therefore, over the years, the construction of blades has developed towards a shape, where the outer part of the blade corresponds to the ideal blade 20, whereas the surface area of the root area is substantially reduced compared to the ideal blade. This embodiment is illustrated with a dashed line in Fig. 1 , a perspective view thereof being shown in Fig. 2.
As seen from Fig. 2, the conventional blade 1 comprises a root area 2 closest to the hub, an airfoil area 4 furthest away from the hub and a transition area 3 between the root area 2 and the airfoil area 4. The blade 1 comprises a leading edge 5 facing the direction of rotation of the blade 1 , when the blade is mounted on the hub, and a trailing edge 6 facing in the opposite direction to the leading edge 5. The airfoil area 4 has an ideal or almost ideal blade shape, whereas the root area 2 has a substantially circular cross-section, which reduces storm loads and makes it easier and more safe to mount the blade 1 to the hub. Preferably, the diameter of the root area 2 is constant along the entire root area 2. The transition area 3 has a shape gradually changing from the circular shape of the root area 2 to the airfoil profile of the airfoil area 4. The width of the transition area 3 increases substantially linearly with increasing distance L from the hub.
Fig. 3B shows the mounting area of the blade. The profiles of the blade segments in this area are formed such that they lie within a corresponding conventional blade with circular root part (shown with the dashed line 12). The first root segment 7 is provided with an airfoil profile in the mounting area comprising a chord plane K1 , while the sec- ond root segment 8 is provided with a profile reducing the wind resistance of the segment, without necessarily contributing to the production of the wind turbine. The first, root segment 7 merges into the first transition segment 9 also provided with an airfoil profile comprising a chord plane K3. The second root segment 8 merges into the second transition segment 10 and changes gradually from a profile with reduced wind re- sistance at the mounting area to an actual airfoil profile comprising a chord plane K4 at the second transition segment 10. The chord plane K of the blade is usually twisted along the longitudinal direction of the blade to compensate for the local velocity of the blade. Therefore, the course of the chord planes K1 , K3, and K4 are a continuation of the course of the chord plane K of the blade in the airfoil area 4.
According to the third embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the first and the second root seg- ments 72, 82 as well as the first and the second transition segments 92, 102 have symmetric profiles. The profiles are shown with the chord planes parallel to the direction of rotation of the blade, however, the profiles may preferably be angled with respect to the direction of rotation, where the angle is selected based on maximising the lift.
As seen from Fig. 5B, both the first root segment 72 and the second root segment 82 extend beyond the circular profile of the conventional root part 12. Finally, it should be noted that the root segments of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 and 5 as well as the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 each merge into a corresponding transition segment (92, 93, 102, 103), said segments joining to form a common profile at the transition between the transition area 3 and the airfoil area 4. Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the blade, where the first root segment 73 and the second root segment 83 are joined at the mounting area 22. As seen in Fig. 6B, the mounting area 22 is circular and contains mounting holes 11 , the blades being secured to the hub by bolts through said holes. The blade is thus adapted to conventional hubs and can thus replace existing blades on already installed wind turbines during a renewal.
Fig. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the blade, where the first root segment 74 and the second root segment 84 are joined at the mounting area 22, but where the two seg- ments are not joint at a distance to the hub, but instead appear as two separate blade parts with different lengths. It is also apparent from Fig. 7 that the various root segments do not necessarily have the same thickness.
Fig. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the blade, where a first, a second and a third root segment 75, 85, 13 merge into a first, a second and a third transition segment 95, 105,
14, respectively. The first and the second root segments 75, 85 as well as the first and the second transition segments 95, 105are here shown with a shape reducing the wind resistance of these segments, while the third root segment 13 and the third transition segment 14 are provided with an actual airfoil profile. However, the profiles may all be provided with profiles increasing the lift of the corresponding areas and thereby also the production of the wind turbine. Of course, the three root segments 75, 85, 13 may be joined at the mounting area just like the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and 7.
Fig. 9 shows an embodiment corresponding to the embodiment of Fig. 6, but where the blade is additionally provided with a first separately mounted blade part 15 and a second separately mounted blade part 16. The separately mounted blade parts 15, 16 are mounted on the first and the second root segment 73, 83, respectively, by means of a number of retaining means 18. The blade parts 15 and 16 extend along the root area 2 and optionally also along the transition area 3 of the blade. The blade itself does not necessarily have to have two root segments and/or transition segments, but may have a form where there is no gap 17, no root segments and/or transition segments, in which case the root area and the transition area of the blade correspond to a conventional blade. This embodiment is advantageous in that the separately mounted blade parts 15, 16 may be mounted without having to exchange the blades on already in- stalled wind turbines. The retaining means may be formed with e.g. a drag reduction profile for lowering wind resistance and noise immissions. The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. Many modifications are conceivable without thereby deviating from the scope of the invention. Modifications and variations apparent to those skilled in the art are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. For example, the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 may have only a single separately mounted blade part. Embodiments are also conceivable where the various segments have a separate blade angle regulation.
2 root area
3 transition area
4 airfoil area
5 leading edge
6 trailing edge
7 first root segment
8 second root segment
9 first transition segment
10 second transition segment
11 mounting hole
12 circular root part
13 third root segment
14 fourth root segment
15 first separately mounted blade part
16 second separately mounted blade part
17 gap
18 retaining means
21 root part
22 mounting area
Kx chord plane
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Cooperative Classification Y02E10/721, F05B2260/97, F03D1/0641, F05B2240/301, F03D1/0658, F01D5/12
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