Source: https://code.dccouncil.us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/4/subchapters/IV/
Timestamp: 2019-05-23 23:20:33
Document Index: 39109193

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 2', '§ 2', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§ 29', '§\u2002509', '§ 2', '§ 2']

D.C. Law Library - Subchapter IV. Memberships and Financial Provisions.
↪ Subchapter IV. Memberships and Financial Provisions.
Subchapter III. Purposes and Powers.
Subchapter V. Member Meetings.
Subchapter IV. Memberships and Financial Provisions.
Part A. Admission of Members.
§§ 29-404.01 – 29-404.03
Part B. Rights and Obligations of Members.
§§ 29-404.10 – 29-404.14
Part C. Resignation and Termination.
§§ 29-404.20 – 29-404.22
Part D. Delegates.
§§ 29-404.30 – 29-404.30
Part E. Financial Provisions.
§§ 29-404.40 – 29-404.43
§ 29–404.01. No requirement of members; other persons designated by articles of incorporation or bylaws.
(a) A nonprofit corporation shall not be required to have members.
(b) If the articles of incorporation or bylaws of a nonprofit corporation do not provide that it must have members, or if a corporation has in fact no members entitled to vote on a matter, any provision of this chapter or any other provision of law requiring notice to, the presence of, or the vote, consent, or other action by members of the corporation in connection with the matter shall be satisfied by notice to, the presence of, or the vote, consent, or other action by the board of directors or a designated body of the corporation.
(c) The articles of incorporation or bylaws of a nonprofit corporation may designate a person as a member who is not within the definition of “member” under § 29-401.02(24). Such a person, regardless of designation, shall not be deemed a member for purposes of this chapter but nevertheless shall have those rights and obligations set forth in the articles of incorporation or bylaws.
§ 29–404.02. Admission.
(a) The articles of incorporation or bylaws of a membership corporation may establish criteria or procedures for admission of members.
(b) A person shall not be admitted as a member without the person’s consent.
(c) If a membership corporation provides certificates of membership to the members, the certificates shall not be registered and shall not be transferable except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws.
(d) A person shall not be a member of a nonprofit corporation unless the person meets the definition of a “member” in § 29-401.02, regardless of whether the corporation refers to the person as a member.
(July 2, 2011, D.C. Law 18-378, § 2, 58 DCR 1720; Mar. 5, 2013, D.C. Law 19-210, § 2(d)(9), 59 DCR 13171.)
The 2013 amendment by D.C. Law 19-210 substituted “transferable” for “able” in (c).
§ 29–404.03. Consideration.
Except as otherwise provided in its articles of incorporation or bylaws, a membership corporation may admit members for no consideration or for such consideration as is determined by the board of directors. The consideration may take any form, including promissory notes, intangible property, or past or future services. Payment of the consideration may be made at such times and upon such terms as are set forth in or authorized by the articles of incorporation, bylaws, or a resolution of the board.
§ 29–404.10. Differences in rights and obligations of members.
Except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, each member of a membership corporation shall have the same rights and obligations as every other member with respect to voting, dissolution, membership transfer, and other matters.
This section is referenced in § 29-408.22.
§ 29–404.11. Transfers.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, a member of a membership corporation shall not transfer a membership or any right arising therefrom.
(b) If the right to transfer a membership has been provided, a restriction on that right shall not be binding with respect to a member holding a membership issued before the adoption of the restriction unless the restriction is approved by the affected member.
§ 29–404.12. Member’s liability to third parties.
A member of a membership corporation shall not be as such, personally liable for the acts, debts, liabilities, or obligations of the corporation.
This section is referenced in § 29-404.14 and § 29-809.09.
§ 29–404.13. Member’s liability for dues, assessments, and fees.
(a) A membership corporation may levy dues, assessments, and fees on its members to the extent authorized in the articles of incorporation or bylaws. Dues, assessments, and fees may be imposed on members of the same class either alike or in different amounts or proportions, and may be imposed on a different basis on different classes of members. Members of a class may be made exempt from dues, assessments, and fees to the extent provided in the articles or bylaws.
(b) The amount and method of collection of dues, assessments, and fees may be fixed in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, or the articles or bylaws may authorize the board of directors or members to fix the amount and method of collection.
(c) The articles of incorporation or bylaws may provide reasonable means, such as termination and reinstatement of membership, to enforce the collection of dues, assessments, and fees.
§ 29–404.14. Creditor’s action against member.
(a) A proceeding shall not be brought by a creditor of a membership corporation to reach the liability, if any, of a member to the corporation unless final judgment has been rendered in favor of the creditor against the corporation and execution has been returned unsatisfied in whole or in part or unless the proceeding would be useless. In this case, a member remains immune from liability for debts, obligations, and other liabilities of the corporation under § 29-404.12 and shall be liable only to the extent that the member’s failure to pay amounts owed to the corporation has resulted in damages to the creditor.
(b) All creditors of a membership corporation, with or without reducing their claims to judgment, may intervene in any creditor’s proceeding brought under subsection (a) of this section to reach and apply unpaid amounts due the corporation.
§ 29–404.20. Resignation.
(a) A member of a membership corporation may resign at any time.
(b) The resignation of a member shall not relieve the member from any obligations incurred or commitments made prior to resignation.
§ 29–404.21. Termination and suspension.
(a) A membership in a membership corporation may be terminated or suspended for the reasons and in the manner provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws.
(b) A proceeding challenging a termination or suspension for any reason shall be commenced within one year after the effective date of the termination or suspension.
(c) The termination or suspension of a member shall not relieve the member from any obligations incurred or commitments made prior to the termination or suspension.
§ 29–404.22. Purchase of memberships.
Except as otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, a membership corporation that is not a charitable corporation shall not purchase any of its memberships or any right arising therefrom.
This section is referenced in § 29-404.40, § 29-404.41, and § 29-408.22.
§ 29–404.30. Delegates.
(a) A membership corporation may provide in its articles of incorporation or bylaws for delegates.
(b) The articles of incorporation or bylaws may set forth provisions relating to:
(1) The characteristics, qualifications, rights, limitations, and obligations of delegates including their selection and removal;
(2) Calling, noticing, holding, and conducting meetings of delegates; and
(3) Carrying on corporate activities during and between meetings of delegates.
(c) An assembly or other organized group of delegates constitutes a designated body if it has been vested with powers of the board of directors under the articles of incorporation or bylaws.
§ 29–404.40. Distributions prohibited.
(a) Except as permitted under § 29-404.22 or § 29-404.41, a nonprofit corporation shall not pay dividends or make distributions of any part of its assets, income, or profits to its members, directors, delegates, members of a designated body, or officers.
(b) This section shall not apply to a contract or transaction authorized pursuant to § 29-406.70.
§ 29–404.41. Compensation and other permitted payments.
(a) A nonprofit corporation may pay reasonable compensation or reimburse reasonable expenses to members, directors, delegates, members of a designated body, or officers for services rendered.
(b) A nonprofit corporation may confer benefits upon or make contributions to members or nonmembers in conformity with its purposes, repurchase its memberships only to the extent provided in § 29-404.22, or repay capital contributions, except when:
(1) The corporation is currently insolvent or would thereby be made insolvent or rendered unable to carry on its purposes; or
(2) The fair value of the assets of the corporation remaining after the conferring of benefits, contribution, repurchase, or repayment would be insufficient to meet its liabilities.
(c) A nonprofit corporation may make distributions of cash or property to members upon dissolution or final liquidation only as permitted by this chapter.
This section is referenced in § 29-404.40.
§ 29–404.42. Debt and security interests.
(a) A nonprofit corporation shall not issue bonds or other evidences of indebtedness except for money or other property, tangible or intangible, or labor or services actually received by or performed for the corporation or for its benefit or in its formation or reorganization, or a combination thereof. In the absence of fraud, the judgment of the board of directors as to the value of the consideration received by the corporation shall be conclusive.
(b) The board of directors may authorize a mortgage or pledge of, or the creation of a security interest in, all or any part of the property of the nonprofit corporation, or any interest therein. Unless otherwise restricted in the articles of incorporation or bylaws, the vote or consent of the members shall not be required to make effective such action by the board.
§ 29–404.43. Private foundations.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, a nonprofit corporation that is a private foundation as defined in section 509(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, approved December 30, 1969 (83 Stat. 496; 26 U.S.C. § 509(a)) (“Internal Revenue Code”), shall:
(1) Distribute such amounts for each taxable year at such time and in such manner as not to subject the corporation to tax under section 4942 of the Internal Revenue Code;
(2) Not engage in any act of self-dealing as defined in section 4941(d) of the Internal Revenue Code;
(3) Not retain any excess business holdings as defined in section 4943(c) of the Internal Revenue Code;
(4) Not make any investments in such manner as to subject the corporation to tax under section 4944 of the Internal Revenue Code; and
(5) Not make any taxable expenditures as defined in section 4945(d) of the Internal Revenue Code.
(b) Subsection (a) of this section shall not apply to a nonprofit corporation incorporated before January 1, 1970 that has been properly relieved from the requirements of section 508(e)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code by a timely judicial proceeding.
(July 2, 2011, D.C. Law 18-378, § 2, 58 DCR 1720; Mar. 5, 2013, D.C. Law 19-210, § 2(d)(10), 59 DCR 13171.)
The 2013 amendment by D.C. Law 19-210 substituted “1986” for “2986” in (a).