Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/EP2044878B1/en
Timestamp: 2018-12-15 01:37:10
Document Index: 200389753

Matched Legal Cases: ['art) 100', 'art 100', 'art 100', 'art 100', 'art 140', 'art 140', 'art 140', 'art 140', 'art 140', 'art 140', 'art 140', 'art 140']

EP2044878B1 - Optotype Presenting Apparatus - Google Patents
EP2044878B1
EP2044878B1 EP20080165166 EP08165166A EP2044878B1 EP 2044878 B1 EP2044878 B1 EP 2044878B1 EP 20080165166 EP20080165166 EP 20080165166 EP 08165166 A EP08165166 A EP 08165166A EP 2044878 B1 EP2044878 B1 EP 2044878B1
EP20080165166
EP2044878A2 (en )
EP2044878A3 (en )
Conventionally, there are known an optotype presenting apparatus such that an optotype and/or a test chart drawn on a disk is illuminated from behind with a light source such as a halogen lamp and the optotype and/or the test chart is projected onto a screen at a far distance for a test of such as 5 meters, and an optotype presenting apparatus having a display such as a color liquid crystal display (see Japanese Patent Application Unexamined Publication No. Hei05-130975 corresponding to U.S. Patent No. 5,638,082 , and Japanese Patent Application Unexamined Publication No. 2006-42978 ).
An optotype presenting apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1 of the present invention is disclosed in WO 95/10219 A1 .
Further documents that may be helpful in understanding the present invention are WO 2007/109760 A2 and US 2004/076942 A1 .
An obj ect of the invention is to overcome the problems described above and to provide an optotype presenting apparatus by which a red optotype and a green optotype of a red-green binocular visual performance test chart can be visually perceived independently by right and left eyes even if a red filter and/or a green filter used in a binocular visual performance test have different wavelength transmission characteristics, so that the binocular visual performance test can be more accurately performed.
The objects are achieved by the features of claim 1.
A detailed description of one preferred embodiment of an optotype presenting apparatus embodied by the present invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the optotype presenting apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a control block diagram of the optotype presenting apparatus. As shown in Fig. 1, an optotype presenting apparatus 70 comprises a color liquid crystal display (LCD) 72 on a front surface of its cabinet, and a receiving unit 74 which receives a light signal from a remote controller 4. In addition, the optotype presenting apparatus 70 comprises a function switch 73 consisting of four switches 73a to 73d on an under surface of its cabinet. The function switch 73 is used as an operating unit for displaying a parameter setting screen on the LCD 72 and setting parameters.
The remote controller 4 comprises a number of test chart selecting switches 4a for selecting a test chart, a display 4b which displays information on the selected test chart, and a transmitting portion 4c which transmits a selection signal of the test chart in the form of a light signal. In addition, in the case of using a subjective refractive power measurement apparatus 60 in the test, an operating unit 5 for the subjective refractive power measurement apparatus 60 is connected to the control unit 75. In the subjective refractive power measurement apparatus 60, correction lenses and various optical elements are selectively placed in right and left test windows 61R and 61L.
Figs. 3A to 4D show examples of the binocular visual performance test chart. Figs. 3A to 3D shows a Worth four-point chart for testing fusion and suppression of eyes. To be specific, Fig. 3A shows a display state of the LCD 72 in which a Worth four-point chart (test chart) 100 comprises a black background 101, a circular red optotype 102 on the upper side, circular green optotypes 104 and 105 respectively on the left side and the right side, and a circular white optotype 103 on the lower side. When the test chart 100 is observed through the red filter 30R placed in front of the right eye, the red optotype 102 and the white optotype 103 are visually perceived in red as shown in Fig. 3B. Meanwhile, the green optotypes 104 and 105 are visually perceived in black and appear merged with the background 101 because green light therefrom is cut off by the red filter 30R. In addition, when the test chart 100 is observed through the green filter 30G placed in front of the left eye, the redoptotype 102 is visually perceived in black and appears merged with the background 101 as shown in Fig. 3C because red light therefrom is cut off by the green filter 30G. Meanwhile, the green optotypes 104 and 105 and the white optotype 103 are visually perceived in green. When the test chart 100 is observed by both of the eyes, it is judged that the left eye is suppressed if the optotypes are visually perceived in the state shown in Fig. 3B, and it is judged that the right eye is suppressed if the optotypes are visually perceived in the state shown in Fig. 3C. In addition, if fusion is proper, the red optotype 102 and the green optotypes 104 and 105 are simultaneously visually perceived, and the white optotype 103 is visually perceived alternately in red and green. In addition, it is judged that diplopia occurs in the eyes if three bright spots by the optotypes are visually perceived (not shown).
Fig. 5A is a graph showing a result of checking a wavelength transmission characteristic of the red filter 30R used in the apparatus 60 with problems as described above. Fig. 5B is a graph showing a result of checking a wave length transmission characteristic of the red filter 30R used in the apparatus 60 with no problems. Fig. 6 is a graph showing a result of checking a characteristic of luminosity when the LCD 72 is controlled to emit only green light, and a characteristic of luminosity when the LCD 72 is controlled to emit only red light. RGB components of the optotypes to be displayed on the LCD 72 can be varied in their luminance levels from a level 0 to a level 31. The luminance levels of the green display were set so that (R,G,B)=(0,31,0), and those of the red display were set so that (R,G,B)=(31,0,0).
In the High mode, the luminance levels of the RGB components (the color adjustment data) of each of the optotypes are set as follows. It should be noted that the RGB components of each of the optotypes to be displayed on the LCD 72 are arranged so that their luminance levels can be varied from the level 0 to the level 31 as described above. The level 31 is the highest level. The luminance levels of the RGB components of each of the white background and the white optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(31,31,31), those of the green optotype are set so that (R,G,B)= (0,31,0), and those of the red optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(31,0,0). The luminance levels of the RGB components of each of the black background and the black optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(0,0,0).
In the case of the white background type, the luminance levels of the RGB components of each of the white background and the white optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(28,28,28, those of the green optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(0,29,0), and those of the red optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(31,15,15). As in the case of the High mode, the luminance levels of the RGB components of each of the black background and the black optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(0,0,0).
The test chart with the red and green displays includes a red-green test chart 140 for testing overcorrection at the time of a refractive power test as shown in Fig. 8. The red-green test chart 140 comprises a left-side red background 141R, a black optotype 142a consisting of letters and symbols provided on the left-side red background 141R, a right-side green background 141G, and a black optotype 142b consisting of letters and symbols provided on the right-side green background 141G. In the test using the test chart 140, saturation of the black optotype 142a on the red background 141R and saturation of the black optotype 142b on the green background 141G are compared, and an overcorrection test is performed by checking whether or not both of them are similarly visually perceived. Though the red-green test chart 140 includes the red and green optotypes, the test using the red-green test chart 140 is not subjected to switching between the High mode and the Low mode of the luminance levels (hue) of the RGB components of each of the optotypes because it is performed without using the red filter 30R and the green filter 30G. To be specific, in the case of displaying the red-green test chart 140, predetermined set values of the luminance levels of the RGB components of the display colors are previously stored in the memory 76, are read by the control unit 75, and are displayed on the LCD 72. A polarized red-green test chart is the same type of test chart. Also in the case of the visual acuity test chart, predetermined set values of the luminance levels of the RGB components of the display colors of the LCD 72 are previously stored in the memory 76.
The luminance levels of the RGB components (color adjustment data) of the red-green test chart 140 are set as follows. The luminance levels of the RGB components of the red background 141R are set sothat (R,G,B)=(31,0,0), those of the green background 141G are set so that (R,G,B)=(0,31,0), and those of each of the black optotypes 142a and 142b are set so that (R,G,B)=(0,0,0). The visual acuity test chart comprises a Landolt ring black optotype on a white background (see Fig. 1). The luminance levels of the RGB components of the white background are set so that (R,G,B)=(31,31,31), and those of the black optotype are set so that (R,G,B)=(0,0,0).
Next, a description of a procedure for switching the binocular visual performance test chart to be displayed on the LCD 72 to the Low mode. When any one of the switches 73a to 73d of the function switch 73 is pressed, a parameter setting screen 80 is displayed on the LCD 72 as shown in Fig. 9. The parameter setting screen 80 shows items 82 for setting various parameters of the apparatus. An operating key group 84 is displayed in the lower portion of the parameter setting screen 80. An UP key 84a corresponds to the switch 73a, a DOWN key 84b corresponds to the switch 73b, a CHANGE SCREEN key 84c corresponds to the switch 73c, and a CHANGE key 84d corresponds to the switch 73d.
By operation of the UP key 84a and the DOWN key 84b, a cursor 81a is moved to the item "Brightness R/G", and the CHANGE key 84d is pressed to change the indication to "LOW". Then, by operation of the DOWN key 84b, the cursor 81a is moved to an "EXIT" key 83, and the CHANGE key 84d is pressed to exit the setting screen, which completes changing the settings to the Low mode. Accordingly, a plurality of binocular visual performance test charts are switched altogether to the Low mode.
In an actual test, when the test chart is selected by the switch 4a of the remote controller 4, the selection signal is inputted to the control unit 75 via the transmitting portion 4c and the receiving unit 74. The control unit 75 reads the configuration data and the color adjustment data of the selected test chart from the memory 76 based on the selection signal of the test chart. If the binocular visual performance test chart is selected as the test chart, the control unit 75 reads, additionally based on the selection signal of the High mode or the Low mode, the color adjustment data corresponding to the selected mode from the memory 76. Then, the control unit 75 controls the LCD 72 to display the test chart based on the read configuration data and color adjustment data of the test chart. If the test chart selected by the switch 4a is not the binocular visual performance test chart but the visual acuity test chart, the red-green test chart 140 or other test chart, the selection between the High mode and the Low mode is irrelevant. In such a case, the control unit 75 reads predetermined color adjustment data corresponding to the selected test chart from the memory 76, and controls the LCD 72 to display the selected test chart.
Variations can be made to the above-described preferred embodiment of the invention. For example, though the luminance levels of the RGB components of each of the optotypes in the Low mode are previously set by the apparatus manufacturer, an examiner may change the luminance levels in accordance with characteristics of a red filter and/or a green filter of another apparatus manufacturer. In such a case, the parameter setting screen 80 is displayed on the LCD 72, the item "Brightness R/G" is selected, and the Low mode is selected by using the CHANGE key 84d. Because the set values previously set by the apparatus manufacturer are stored as the Low mode, the examiner changes and corrects the previously stored set values.
When the switch 73c is pressed for a while with the Low mode selected, a confirmation screen 90a for a white background (hereinafter, referred to as a confirmation screen (white) 90a) shown in Fig. 10A or a confirmation screen 90b for a black background (hereinafter, referred to as a confirmation screen (black) 90b) shown in Fig. 10B is displayed. A Low mode setting screen 85 is displayed on each of the confirmation screen (white) 90a and the confirmation screen (black) 90b. Which of the confirmation screen (white) 90a and the confirmation screen (black) 90b is to be displayed is determined according to the position of a cursor 81b on the Low mode setting screen 85.
The Low mode setting screen 85 comprises a condition setting screen 85a for a white background (hereinafter, referred to as a setting screen (white) 85a) and a condition setting screen 85b for a black background (hereinafter, referred to as a setting screen (black) 85b). A text display 86 indicating the background color is provided in the upper potion of each of the setting screen (white) 85aandthesettingscreen (black) 85b. Condition setting items 87a and 87b for selecting colors of the optotypes are provided on the setting screen (white) 85a and the setting screen (black) 85b, and the luminance levels of the RGB components of each of the optotypes can be set by using the items. When setting the luminance levels, any one of the RGB components next to the items 87a and 87b is selected by moving the cursor 81b by operation of the switch 73a corresponding to an UP key 89a for moving the cursor 81b to the next position and the switch 73b corresponding to a DOWN key 89b for moving the cursor 81b to the previous position. Then, the luminance levels are adjusted to be desired values by operation of the switch 73c corresponding to a plus key 89c and the switch 73d corresponding to a minus key 89d.
When the confirmation screen (white) 90a shown in Fig. 10A is displayed, the examiner checks visibility of a red screen 91a, a green screen 92a, a white screen 93a, and a black screen 94a through the red filter 30R and/or the green filter 30G. In addition, when the confirmation screen (black) 90b shown in Fig. 10B is displayed, the examiner checks visibility of a red screen 91b, a green screen 92b, a black screen 93b, and a white screen 94b through the red filter 30R and/or the green filter 30G. If the red screen and/or the green screen do not disappear well, the luminance levels are inputted again as described above, and visibility is checked again through the red filter 30R and/or the green filter 30G. Upon completion of inputting the luminance levels, the switch 73c is pressed for a while and the settings are stored. Then, the cursor 81b is moved to an "EXIT" key 95, and the switch 73d is pressed in order to exit the setting screen.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in the light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention. The embodiment chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as is suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto.
An optotype presenting apparatus comprising:
- a color display (72) configured to display a test chart and in which a number of pixels are geometrically arranged, each of the pixels comprising a filter which transmits any one of specific wavelengths of red (R), green (G), and blue (B);
- a memory (76) which stores:
- configuration data of each of a plurality of test charts including a visual acuity test chart and a red-green binocular visual performance test chart (100, 130), wherein the binocular visual performance test chart includes a red optotype (102, 133R, 134R) and a green optotype (104, 105, 135G, 136G) and is configured to be used in a binocular visual performance test performed with a red filter (30R) placed in front of one of eyes of an examinee and a green filter (30G) placed in front of the other eye; and
- color adjustment data of which luminance levels of red, green, and blue components are set for each of the test charts;
- a test chart selecting unit (4) which has a switch (4a) for inputting a first selection signal of the test chart to be displayed on the display among the plurality of test charts stored in the memory; and
- a display control unit (75) which is configured to read from the memory the configuration data and the color adjustment data of the test chart that is selected based on the input of the first selection signal, and configured to display the test chart based on the configuration data and the color adjustment data that are read from the memory, wherein a color tone of the test chart displayed on the display is varied by controlling the luminance levels of the red, green, and blue components for each of the pixels,
- the memory (76) stores color adjustment data for a predetermined red-green binocular visual performance test chart, wherein at least one of a color tone of the red optotype and a color tone of the green optotype is previously set corresponding to a difference between wavelength transmission characteristics of red filters and/or green filters,
- the color adjustment data for the red-green binocular visual performance test chart includes:
- color adjustment data in a High mode in which luminance levels of red, green, and blue components are set corresponding to a first red filter having a predetermined wavelength transmission characteristic, and a first green filter having a predetermined wavelength transmission characteristic; and
- color adjustment data in a Low mode in which luminance levels of red, green, and blue components are set corresponding to a second red filter having a predetermined wavelength transmission characteristic that is different from the first red filter, and a second green filter having a predetermined wavelength transmission characteristic that is different from the first green filter;
- the first red filter and the first green filter are configured to be used in one of a first subjective refractive power measurement apparatus (60) and read and green spectacles (30), and the second red filter and the second green filter are configured to be used in one of a second subjective refractive power measurement apparatus and red and green spectacles that are different from the first subjective refractive power measurement apparatus and the red and green spectacles;
- the optotype presenting apparatus further comprises a color adjustment data selecting unit (73) with which a second selection signal for selecting any one of the color adjustment data in the High mode and the color adjustment data in the low mode that are stored in the memory is inputted; and
- the display control unit (75) which is configured to
- when the first selection signal of a red-green binocular visual performance test chart is selected by the test chart selecting unit, to read the configuration data of the selected red-green binocular visual performance test chart from the memory based on the first selection signal, to read the selected color adjustment data in one of the High mode and the Low mode from the memory based on the input of the second selection signal by the color adjustment data selecting unit, and to control the display to display the red-green binocular visual performance test chart based on the read configuration data and the read color adjustment data in one of the High mode and the Low mode; and
- when the first selection signal of a test chart other than a red-green binocular visual performance test chart is selected by the test chart selecting unit, to read$ the configuration data and the color adjustment data of the selected test chart from the memory based on the first selection signal regardless of the second selection signal by the color adjustment data selecting unit, and to control the display to display the test chart based on the read configuration data and the read color adjustment data.
The optotype presenting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
- the red-green chart binocular visual performance test chart to be selected by the test chart selecting unit includes a first type test chart (100) in which the red and green optotypes are provided on a black background, and a second type test chart (130) in which the red and green optotypes are provided on a white background, and
- the color adjustment data in the Low mode stored in the memory is set such that luminance levels of red, green, and blue components of the red and green optotypes of the second type test chart are different from the red and green optotypes of the first type test chart.
EP20080165166 2007-10-01 2008-09-25 Optotype Presenting Apparatus Active EP2044878B1 (en)
EP2044878A2 true EP2044878A2 (en) 2009-04-08
EP2044878A3 true EP2044878A3 (en) 2010-07-28
EP2044878B1 true EP2044878B1 (en) 2015-05-20
EP20080165166 Active EP2044878B1 (en) 2007-10-01 2008-09-25 Optotype Presenting Apparatus
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Ipc: A61B 3/032 20060101AFI20081111BHEP
Ipc: A61B 3/06 20060101ALI20100624BHEP
Ipc: A61B 3/08 20060101ALI20100624BHEP
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