Source: https://www.legalcrystal.com/case/92949/bragg-vs-weaver
Timestamp: 2017-12-11 19:22:49
Document Index: 636203932

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 838', '§ 944', '§ 838', '§ 944', '§ 838', '§ 838']

Bragg Vs Weaver - Citation 92949 - Court Judgment | LegalCrystal
Bragg Vs. Weaver - Court Judgment
LegalCrystal Citation legalcrystal.com/92949
Case Number 251 U.S. 57
Appellant Bragg
.....that the proprietor or tenant, if dissatisfied with the amount allowed by the supervisors, "may of right appeal to the circuit court of said county, and the said court shall hear the matter de novo " and determine and certify the amount to be paid. and a general statute (§ 838) which regulates the time and mode of taking appeals from decisions of the supervisors disallowing claims in whole or in part provides that the claimant, if present when the decision is made, may appeal to the circuit court within thirty days thereafter, and, if not present, shall be notified in writing by the clerk and may appeal within thirty days after service of the notice. apart from what is implied by the decision under review, no construction of these statutory provisions by the state court of.....
Bragg v. Weaver - 251 U.S. 57 (1919)
U.S. Supreme Court Bragg v. Weaver, 251 U.S. 57 (1919)
The necessity or expediency of taking property for public use are legislative questions upon which the owner is not entitled to a hearing under the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. P. 251 U. S. 58 .
When the amount of compensation is fixed in the first instance by viewers, due process does not demand an opportunity for a hearing before them if the owner be given notice and opportunity to have the matter fully heard and determined de novo in a court of general jurisdiction, on appeal, as is provided by the laws of Virginia in cases where earth is taken from private land for the repair of public roads. P. 251 U. S. 59 .
Under the law of Virginia (Pollard's Code, 1904, § 944a, clauses 21, 22, 5; § 838), the owner of land from which earth is taken for repairing public roads can initiate the proceedings for assessment of compensation, and is entitled to have notice of the supervisors' determination of the amount, either by notice in writing or through being present when the decision is made, and he is allowed 30 days in which to appeal for a trial de novo in the Circuit Court. P. 251 U. S. 61 .
Where adequate provision is made by a state for the certain payment of the compensation without unreasonable delay, the taking does not contravene due process of law merely because it precedes the ascertainment of what compensation is just. P. 251 U. S. 62 .
By this suit the owner of land adjoining a public road in Virginia seeks an injunction against the taking of earth from his land to be used in repairing the road. The taking is from the most convenient and nearest place, where it will be attended by the least expense, and has the express sanction of a statute of the state, Pollard's Code, 1904, § 944a, clauses 21 and 22. [ Footnote 1 ] Whether the statute denies to the owner the due process of law guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment is the federal question in the case. It was duly presented in the state court, and, while no opinion was delivered, the record makes it plain that, by the judgment rendered, the court resolved the question in favor of the validity of the statute.
Where the intended use is public, the necessity and expediency of the taking may be determined by such agency and in such mode as the state may designate. They are legislative questions, no matter who may be charged with their decision, and a hearing thereon is not essential to due process in the sense of the Fourteenth Amendment. Boom Co. v. Patterson, 98 U. S. 403 , 98 U. S. 406 ;
Backus v. Fort Street Union Depot Co., 169 U. S. 557 , 169 U. S. 568 ; Adirondack Ry. Co. v. New York, 176 U. S. 335 , 176 U. S. 349 ; Sears v. Akron, 246 U. S. 242 , 246 U. S. 251 .
But it is essential to due process that the mode of determining the compensation be such as to afford the owner an opportunity to be heard. Among several admissible modes is that of causing the amount to be assessed by viewers, subject to an appeal to a court carrying with it a right to have the matter determined upon a full trial. United States v. Jones, 109 U. S. 513 , 109 U. S. 519 ; Backus v. Fort Street Union Depot Co., supra, p. 169 U. S. 569 . And where this mode is adopted, due process does not require that a hearing before the viewers be afforded, but is satisfied by the full hearing that may be obtained by exercising the right to appeal. Lent v. Tillson, 140 U. S. 316 , 140 U. S. 326 et seq.; Winona & St. Peter Land Co. v. Minnesota, 159 U. S. 526 , 159 U. S. 537 ; Wells Fargo & Co. v. Nevada, 248 U. S. 165 , 248 U. S. 168 . And see Capital Traction Co. v. Hof, 174 U. S. 1 , 174 U. S. 18 -30, 174 U. S. 45 .
"If the owner or tenant of any such land shall think himself injured thereby, and the superintendent of roads, or his deputy, can agree with such owner as to the amount of damage, they shall report the same to the board of supervisors, or, if they cannot agree, a justice, upon application to him, shall issue a warrant to three freeholders, requiring them to view the said land and ascertain what is a just compensation to such owner or tenant for the damage to him by reason of anything done under the preceding section. The said freeholders, after being sworn according to the provisions of section three of this act, [ Footnote 2 ]
The same statute, in clause 5, deals with the compensation to be paid for lands taken for roadways, and in that connection provides that the proprietor or tenant, if dissatisfied with the amount allowed by the supervisors, "may of right appeal to the circuit court of said county, and the said court shall hear the matter de novo " and determine and certify the amount to be paid. And a general statute (§ 838) which regulates the time and mode of taking appeals from decisions of the supervisors disallowing claims in whole or in part provides that the claimant, if present when the decision is made, may appeal to the circuit court within thirty days thereafter, and, if not present, shall be notified in writing by the clerk and may appeal within thirty days after service of the notice.
But it is contended that, where the road officers take the initiative -- as they do in many instances -- the proceedings may be carried from inception to conclusion without any notice to the owner, and therefore without his having an opportunity to take an appeal. We think the contention is not tenable. It takes into account some of the statutory provisions and rejects others equally important. It is true there is no express provision for notice at the inception or during the early stages of the proceedings, and, for present purposes it may be assumed that such a requirement is not even implied, although a different view might be admissible. See Paulsen v. Portland, 149 U. S. 30 . But the provisions relating to the later stage -- the decision by the supervisors -- are not silent in respect of notice, but speak in terms easily understood. Clauses 5 and 22, taken together, provide that the owner, if dissatisfied with the decision, shall have the right to appeal as in other cases. This presupposes that he will have some knowledge of the decision, and yet neither clause states how the knowledge is to be obtained, or when or how the right of appeal is to be exercised. All this is explained, however, when § 838 is examined. It deals with these questions in a comprehensive way. and evidently is intended to be of general application. Of course, newly created rights of appeal of the same class fall within its operation unless the legislature provides otherwise. Here, the legislature has not provided otherwise, and so has indicated that it is content to have the general statute applied. As before stated, that
The claim is made that this opportunity comes after the taking, and therefore is too late. But it is settled by the decisions of this Court that, where adequate provision is made for the certain payment of the compensation without unreasonable delay, the taking does not contravene due process of law in the sense of the Fourteenth Amendment merely because it precedes the ascertainment of what compensation is just. Sweet v. Rechel, 159 U. S. 380 , 159 U. S. 402 , 159 U. S. 407 ; Backus v. Fort Street Union Depot Co., 169 U. S. 557 , 169 U. S. 568 ; Williams v. Parker, 188 U. S. 491 ; Crozier v. Krupp, 224 U. S. 290 , 224 U. S. 306 . And see Branson v. Gee, 25 Or. 462. As before indicated, it is not questioned that such adequate provision for payment is made in this instance.