Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/EP0184386A1/en
Timestamp: 2019-10-20 05:02:20
Document Index: 739441681

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 39', 'art 39', 'art 39', 'art 57', 'art 57', 'art 57', 'art 57', 'art 63', 'art 63', 'art 63', 'art 55', 'art. 29']

EP0184386A1 - Earth moving machine with counterweight - Google Patents
Earth moving machine with counterweight Download PDF
EP0184386A1
EP0184386A1 EP85308656A EP85308656A EP0184386A1 EP 0184386 A1 EP0184386 A1 EP 0184386A1 EP 85308656 A EP85308656 A EP 85308656A EP 85308656 A EP85308656 A EP 85308656A EP 0184386 A1 EP0184386 A1 EP 0184386A1
EP85308656A
EP0184386B1 (en
Norman Brocklebank
1984-12-01 Priority to GB8430389 priority Critical
1984-12-01 Priority to GB848430389A priority patent/GB8430389D0/en
1985-11-28 Application filed by Bamford J C Excavators Ltd filed Critical Bamford J C Excavators Ltd
1985-11-28 Priority claimed from AT85308656T external-priority patent/AT40727T/en
1986-06-11 Publication of EP0184386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0184386A1/en
1989-02-08 Publication of EP0184386B1 publication Critical patent/EP0184386B1/en
241000602850 Cinclidae Species 0 abstract 6
@ A machine comprises a body (10) having a ground engaging propulsion means (11) and a base frame (14) mounted on the ground engaging means (11), the base frame (14) being movable relative to the ground engaging propulsion means (11) about a first generally vertical axis (V), a boom (30) extending outwardly of the body (10) and mounted on the base frame (14) for movement about a second axis (B) transverse relative to the first axis (V), the boom (30) having mounted at an outer end (36) thereof for movement about a third axis (71) also transverse to the first vertical axis (V), a dipper arm (37), an implement (43) mounted at an outer end (42) of the dipper arm (37) for movement about a fourth axis (T2), also generally transverse relative to the vertical axis (41), a cable (47) secured to the dipper arm (37) and connected to a winch means (50) to effect movement of the dipper arm (37) relative to the boom (30) to effect movement of the implement (43) towards the body (10), a hydraulic ram (38) mounted between the dipper arm (37) and the boom (30) to effect movement of the dipper arm (37) relative to the boom (30) and hence to effect movement of the implement (43) at least away from the body (10), and a counterweight (20a,) mounted on the base frame (14), means being provided to move the counterweight (20a,) towards and away from the first vertical axis (41) in response to movement of the centre of gravity of the machine (10).
Secondly, the counterwetght, by being mounted on the boom, is very high above the ground and this can lead to lateral instability of the machine during operation.
The body of the machine is only satisfactorily suited to receiving booms and dipper arm arrangements adapted for long reach operation and if it is required to exchange the long reach boom and dipper arm arrangement for α conventional shorter reach arrangement, for example having a hydraulic ram which is effective to move the dipper arm both towards and away from the body, the part of the boom which extends rearwardly of the mounting has to be retained, where a counterweight is required, thus severely restricting the working range of the implement.
Preferably an operator's cab is mounted on the base frame for example on one side thereof, from which an operator may control the operation of the hydraulic ram and the winch means, to enable the operator to control movement of the implement towards and away from the body, from within the operqtor's cab.
in p preferred arrangement, the counterweight moves on the base frame in response to movement of the dipper arm relative to the boom, which movement of the dipper arm will result in a change in the position of the centre of gravity of the machine.
In one embodiment, a sensor is provided to sense any change in relative position between the dipper arm and the boom, the sensor sending a signal to on operating member which moves the counterweight towards or away from the first vertical axis of the machine in proportion to the degree of movement of the dipper arm relative to the boom.
The sensor may comprise a hydraulic ram mounted interiorly of the dipper arm, the plunger or cylinder of the sensor ram being connected toon extension of the boom and the plunger or cylinder of the sensor ram being fixed relative to the dipper arm.
The boom may comprise a single boom part which may be cranked or curved intermediate its ends, to permit the implement to reach to 6 maximum depth when the boom is in its lowest position, or alternatively, the boom may comprise two or more boom parts. For example, the boom may have a base part secured to the body of the machine and a further part slidable or otherwise movable relative to the base part.
The invention will now be described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, wherein:-FIGURE I is a side elevation of an earth moving machine in accordance with the invention;
FIGURE 2 is a plan view of an upper body part of the earth moving machine of Figure I, with the boom omitted and a housing broken away for clarity showing the counterweight in full lines in an extended position and in chain dotted lines in a retracted position;
FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic representation of part of the hydraulic system of the earth moving machine of Figures 1 and 2;
FIGURE 4 is diagrammatic representation of another part of the hydraulic system.
FIGURE 5 is a diagrammatic representation of part of the hydraulic system of a modified machine in accordance with the invention.
Referring first to Figures 1 and 2, an earth moving machine comprises a body 10 including a lower body part comprising a ground engaging propulsion means 1 which, in the present example, comprises a pair of endless tracks 12 driven via a suitable transmission from an engine, the position of the engine being shown diagrammatically at 13 in Figure 2. Of course, if desired, two or more pairs of wheels may be provided on a chassis or any other ground engaging propulsion means may be provided as required.
Mounted on the ground engaging propulsion means I for movement about a first vertical axis V, is an upper body part comprising a base frame 14, the base frame 14 being secured to one part of a conventional slewing ring 16 and another part of the ring 16 which is rotated relative to the one part, being secured to the ground engaging propulsion means 11.
It can be seen that the boom 30 extends outwardly of the body 10 a considerable distance and is curved or cranked such as indicated at 35 so that when the boom 30 is in a lowered position, which is indicated in dotted lines in Figure I, maximum depth can he reached.
At an outer end 36 of the boom 30, a dipper arm 37 is mounted for movement relative to the boom 30 about a third axis T transverse i.e. generally perpendicular to vertical axis V. To effect movement of the dipper arm 37 relative to the boom 30, a hydraulic ram 38 is provided, a cylinder part 39 of which is pivotally secured to the boom 30 as shown at 40, and plunger 41 of which is pivotally secured to dipper arm 37. However, the ram 38 is only used to effect movement of the dipper arm 37 in a clockwise sense, as seen in Figure I, i.e. outwardly relative to the body 10 of the machine, other means being provided to effect anti-clockwise movement. At the outer end 42 of the dipper arm 37 an excavating implement comprising, in this instance, a bucket 43 is mounted for pivotal movement relative to the dipper arm 37 about a fourth axis T2, again transverse i.e. generally perpendicular to the vertical axis V of the machine.
When it is required to move the bucket 43 away from the body 10, the hydraulic ram 38 is actuated, the plunger 41 being urged from the cylinder part 39. In this event, the hydraulic motor of the winch means 50 will be inoperative so that the cable 47 will be permitted to unwind as hereinafter described. When it is required to move the bucket 43 towards the base frame 14, the winch motor is operated to wind in the cable 47, and fluid urged from the cylinder part 39 of ram 38 is allowed to flow to a hydraulic reservoir, which may be positioned in space 22b shown in Figure 2.
It will be appreciated that as the boom 30 and dipper arm 37 extend a long way from the base frame 14, as the bucket 43 moves towards and away from the base frame, considerable changes in the centre of gravity of the base frame 14 and ground engaging propulsion means I I will be caused. To counter this, the counterweight 20a, is mounted, as hereinbefore described, for movement towards and away from vertical axis V.
The counterweight 20a, is made of cast iron. In Figure I, the counterweight 20a, is shown in an extended position furthest from axis V, as the implement 43 is furthest from the body 10. The counterweight 20a, is also shown in an extended position in Figure 2, in full lines, and a retracted position in chain dotted lines.
The motor 73 is operated under the control of a control means described hereinafter with reference to Figure 3, such that when the centre of gravity of the machine shifts forwardly in the direction of boom extension, for example as the dipper arm 37 and hence implement 43 are moved outwardly relative to the body 10 of the machine by ram 38, the counterweight 20a, is moved outwardly away from axis V by virtue of the lead screw 71 rotating within the captive nut 70, to counterbalance the machine.
Referring now to Figure 3, part of the hydraulic system of the machine is shown diagrammatically.
When the sensor 80 senses an increase in pressure in the non-onnulus side 76 of ram 32, the receiver 82 sends a signal to control unit 83 to open a spool valve within the unit so that hydraulic fluid from the supply 87 flows to the hydraulic motor 73 via line 90.
Any other type of hydraulic sensor could be used, such as that shown in Figure 5 hereinafter described, and any other type of operating member to move the counterweight 20a, could be used, an alternative again being shown in Figure 5.
Referring briefly to Figure 4, another part of the hydraulic circuit is shown diagrammatically.
The dipper ram 38 which is arranged to move the dipper arm 37 outwardly only, is connected hydraulically to the winch 50 which is driven by another hydraulic motor 51, such that the ram 38 and motor 5 cannot be operated together. Both are operated from a common main spool valve 93 and counterbalance valves 94, and check valves 95 are provided to prevent either fluid being fed to the ram 38 when the winch motor 51 is operative, or vice versa. However, fluid may flow freely from annulus side 95 of ram 38 when the motor 51 is operated, and the winch 50 can freely release the cable 47 when the ram 38 is operated.
Referring now to Figure 5, an alternative arrangement is shown for a modified machine. Instead of a motor 73 and lead screw 71 secured to counterweight 20a, is a plunger 55 of a further hydraulic ram 56, a cylinder part 57 of which is secured to the base frame 14. As hydraulic pressure is increased in the cylinder part 57 in a non-annulus region 55b, the counterweight 20a, will thus be moved away from vertical axis V of the machine. Conversely, where hydraulic pressure in the cylinder part 57 in the annulus region 55c of the cylinder 57 is increased, the plunger 55 will be urged inwardly of the cylinder part 57 to thereby move the counterweight 20a towards the vertical axis V.
The position of the counterweight 20a is controlled automatically by means of a still further hydraulic ram 60 which is mounted between dipper arm 37 and boom 30 interiorly of the dipper arm 37. A plunger 61 of the ram 60 is pivotally secured to an extension 62 of the boom 30, whilst a cylinder part 63 thereof is secured firmly to the dipper arm 37. The mounting of the plunger 61 on the boom 30 permits of pivotal movement, and the mounting of the cylinder port 63 interiorly of the dipper arm 37 also permits such movement.
It will be appreciated therefore that os ram 38 is operated to move the bucket 43 outwardly, or as the winch means 50 is operated to move the bucket 43 inwardly, the plunger 61 of ram 60 will be urged inwardly or outwardly of its cylinder 63 a corresponding amount.
Annulus region 64 of the cylinder part 63 of ram 60 is connected via a hydraulic line 65 to annulus region 55c of the ram 56. Thus, as fluid is urged from region 64 of the cylinder part 63 as the bucket 43 moves towards the body 10, fluid will be injected into the cylinder part 55c of the ram 56 to urge the plunger 55 inwardly. Thus the counterweight 20a, will be moved towards the axis V. Conversely, as fluid is urged from region 66 of the ram 60 as the bucket 43 moves away from the body 10, this fluid will be transmitted via a further hydraulic line 65a to behind the plunger 55 of ram 56 to urge the plunger 55 outwardly of the ram 56, and hence move the counterweight 20a away from the axis V.
The machines described have at least the following other advantages over the earth moving machine known from European specification EP 0077684 namely:-
l. The centre of gravity of the machine can be very low to further reduce instability;
The sensor ram 60 as described with reference to Figure 5 is mounted interiorly of the dipper arm 37, but could of course be mounted exteriorly thereof or even within the boom as required. Further, if desired, with suitable hydraulic circuitry, a proportion of the fluid fed to or from hydraulic ram 38 may be used to provide a signal to an operating member to move the counterweight 20a, towards or away from vertical axis V a required proportional amount.
In place of a hydraulic motor to operate the winch means 50, if desired an electrical motor or any other power means may be provided to wind in cable 47 to effect movement of the bucket 43 towards the base frame 14.
I. A machine comprising a body having a ground engaging propulsion means (II) and a base frame (14) mounted on the ground engaging propulsion means (II), the base frame (14) being movable relative to the ground engaging propulsion means (II) about a first generally vertical axis (V), a boom (30) extending outwardly of the body (10) and mounted on the base frame (14) for movement about a second axis (B) transverse to the first axis (V), the boom (30) having mounted at an outer end (36) thereof for movement about a third axis (Tl) also transverse to the first vertical axis (V), a dipper arm (37), an implement (43) mounted at an outer end (42) of the dipper arm (37) for movement about a fourth axis (T2), also generally transverse relative to the first vertical axis (V), a cable (47) secured to the dipper arm (37) and connected to a winch means (50) to effect movement of the dipper arm (37) relative to the boom (30) and hence to effect movement of the implement (43) towards the body (10), characterised in that a hydraulic ram (38) is mounted between the dipper arm (37) and the boom (30) to effect movement of the dipper arm (37) relative to the boom (30) and hence to effect movement of the implement (43) at least away from the body (10), and a counterweight (20a) is mounted on the base frame (14), means being provided to move the counterweight (20a) towards and away from the first vertical axis (V) in response to movement of the centre of gravity of the machine.
2. A machine according to Claim I characterised in that movement of the counterweight (20a) is along an axis generally perpendicular to the first vertical axis (V).
3. A machine according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterised in that an operator's cab (21) is mounted on one side of the base frame (14), from which an operator may control the operation of the hydraulic ram (38) and the winch means (50).
4. A machine according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that a sensor (80;60) is provided to sense any change in relative position between the dipper arm (37) and the boom (30), the sensor (80;60) sending a signal to an operating member (73;56) which moves the counterweight (20a) towards and away from the first vertical axis (V) of the machine in proportion to the degree of movement of the dipper arm (37) relative to the boom (30).
5. A machine according to Claim 4 characterised in that the sensor comprises an hydraulic sensor (80;60), the signal comprising the passage of hydraulic fluid from the sensor (80;60) towards the operating member (73;56) which moves the counterweight (20a).
6. A machine according to Claim 4 or Claim 5 characterised in that a further hydraulic ram (32) is provided to permit movement of the boom (30) relative to the body (10) about the second transverse axis (B), and the hydraulic sensor (80) senses changes in pressure within the further hydraulic ram (32) caused by movement of the dipper arm (37) relative to the boom (30).
7. A machine according to any one of Claims 4 to characterised in that the operating member comprises a hydraulic motor (73) which is operatively connected to a lead screw (71), the screw (71) being fixed relative to the counterweight (20a) such that as the screw (71) is rotated by the hydraulic motor (71) in response to the signal, the counterweight (20a) is moved towards or away from the first axis (V).
8. A machine according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the boom (30) is mounted adjacent its end to the body (10) of the machine, so that no significant part of the boom (30) extends rearwardly of the mounting (25,26) the boom (30) comprising a single boom part which is cranked or curved (35) intermediate its ends.
9. A machine according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the machine is an earth moving machine, the implement comprising an excavating implement (43) mounted on the dipper arm (37) such that the implement (43) is filled as the implement (43) moves towards the body (10) of the machine.
10. A machine according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the second (B), third (TI) and fourth (T2) axes are each generally perpendicular to the first vertical axis (V).
EP19850308656 1984-12-01 1985-11-28 Earth moving machine with counterweight Expired EP0184386B1 (en)
GB8430389 1984-12-01
GB848430389A GB8430389D0 (en) 1984-12-01 1984-12-01 Earth moving machine
AT85308656T AT40727T (en) 1984-12-01 1985-11-28 Earthmoving machine with counterweight.
EP0184386A1 true EP0184386A1 (en) 1986-06-11
EP0184386B1 EP0184386B1 (en) 1989-02-08
ID=10570569
EP19850308656 Expired EP0184386B1 (en) 1984-12-01 1985-11-28 Earth moving machine with counterweight
EP19850308655 Expired - Lifetime EP0185478B1 (en) 1984-12-01 1985-11-28 Earth moving machine with counterweight
US (2) US4773814A (en)
EP (2) EP0184386B1 (en)
CA (2) CA1257230A (en)
DE (4) DE185478T1 (en)
ES (2) ES8700365A1 (en)
GB (3) GB8430389D0 (en)
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1984-12-01 GB GB848430389A patent/GB8430389D0/en active Pending
1985-11-27 US US06/802,789 patent/US4773814A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
1985-11-27 US US06/802,719 patent/US4679336A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
1985-11-28 EP EP19850308656 patent/EP0184386B1/en not_active Expired
1985-11-28 DE DE1985308655 patent/DE185478T1/en active Pending
1985-11-28 DE DE1985308656 patent/DE184386T1/en active Pending
1985-11-28 DE DE19853568201 patent/DE3568201D1/en not_active Expired
1985-11-28 GB GB08529309A patent/GB2167728B/en not_active Expired
1985-11-28 GB GB08529310A patent/GB2168320B/en not_active Expired
1985-11-28 EP EP19850308655 patent/EP0185478B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
1985-11-28 DE DE19853576179 patent/DE3576179D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
1985-11-29 CA CA000496556A patent/CA1257230A/en not_active Expired
1985-11-29 ES ES549443A patent/ES8700365A1/en not_active Expired
1985-11-29 ES ES549441A patent/ES8700364A1/en not_active Expired
1985-11-29 CA CA000496555A patent/CA1256070A/en not_active Expired
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GB2201944B (en) * 1986-09-27 1990-01-10 Bamford Excavators Ltd Boom for a vehicle
DE184386T1 (en) 1986-11-06
GB2168320A (en) 1986-06-18
EP0185478B1 (en) 1990-02-28
CA1257230A (en) 1989-07-11
DE3576179D1 (en) 1990-04-05
GB2167728B (en) 1988-01-06
ES549443A0 (en) 1986-10-01
CA1256070A1 (en)
CA1257230A1 (en)
DE3568201D1 (en) 1989-03-16
ES549441A0 (en) 1986-10-01
GB8529310D0 (en) 1986-01-02
ES8700365A1 (en) 1986-10-01
EP0184386B1 (en) 1989-02-08
DE185478T1 (en) 1987-02-05
US4773814A (en) 1988-09-27
GB2167728A (en) 1986-06-04
US4679336A (en) 1987-07-14
GB2168320B (en) 1987-11-18
GB8430389D0 (en) 1985-01-09
CA1256070A (en) 1989-06-20
ES549443D0 (en)
ES549441D0 (en)
ES8700364A1 (en) 1986-10-01
EP0185478A1 (en) 1986-06-25
US2411498A (en) 1946-11-26 Pull shovel
1986-08-15 TCAT At: translation of patent claims filed
1986-11-06 DET De: translation of patent claims
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1989-07-17 NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act; no legal effect from
1993-11-23 PGFP Postgrant: annual fees paid to national office
Payment date: 19931123