Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6947607?dq=inassignee:doubleclick
Timestamp: 2015-03-02 07:35:20
Document Index: 483194387

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'art1', 'art 2', 'art2', 'art1', 'art1']

Patent US6947607 - Reduction of differential resolution of separations - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsCertain disclosed implementations use digital image processing to reduce the differential resolution among separations or images in film frames, such as, for example, red flare. A location in the red image may be selected using information from another image. The selected location may be modified using...http://www.google.com/patents/US6947607?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6947607 - Reduction of differential resolution of separationsAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6947607 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/657,243Publication dateSep 20, 2005Filing dateSep 9, 2003Priority dateJan 4, 2002Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS20040109611Publication number10657243, 657243, US 6947607 B2, US 6947607B2, US-B2-6947607, US6947607 B2, US6947607B2InventorsKeren O. Perlmutter, Sharon M. Perlmutter, Eric Wang, Paul R. KlamerOriginal AssigneeWarner Bros. Entertainment Inc., America Online, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (35), Non-Patent Citations (22), Referenced by (10), Classifications (22), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetReduction of differential resolution of separations
US 6947607 B2Abstract
1. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image, wherein the first image and the second image comprise color separations of a film frame. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first image comprises a red separation and the differential resolution results in red fringing.
3. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image, wherein the first and second images are extracted from a composite color image. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the composite color image is generated from color separations of a film frame.
5. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image; and determining a non-modify location in the first image at which the property is not to be modified. 6. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image, wherein determining the location comprises selecting one or more edges to modify. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein selecting one or more edges to modify comprises selecting, for one of the one or more edges, a single edge pixel of an edge that includes multiple edge pixels.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein selecting one or more edges to modify comprises:
comparing one or more features of an edge in the first image with one or more features of an edge in the second image; and selecting the edge as an edge to modify based on a result of the comparison. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the one or more features comprise a feature selected from the group consisting of a location of the edge, a direction of the edge, an extent of the edge, an intensity-change direction, and an intensity range traversed.
10. The method of claim 6 further comprising determining an edge extent to modify for each selected edge.
11. The method of claim 6 wherein selecting one or more edges to modify comprises selecting multiple edges to modify, the method further comprising:
connecting two of the selected edges based on properties of the two selected edges; and determining an edge extent for the connected selected edges. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein connecting two selected edges is based on spatial proximity between the two selected edges.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein connecting two selected edges is based on one or more of intensity differences between particular pixels in each of the two selected edges and intensity differences between particular pixels spatially located between the two selected edges.
14. The method of claim 11 wherein determining an edge extent for the connected selected edges is based on edge extents that would have been determined for each of the selected edges before being connected.
15. The method of claim 6 further comprising unselecting a selected edge based on a size of the selected edge.
16. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image, wherein determining the location in the portion of the first image is based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image, and the information is for a first direction only; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image, wherein modifying the property at the location comprises producing a modified first image. 17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
determining a location at which to modify the property in the modified first image, wherein the determination is based on information obtained at least in part from the second image, and the information obtained from the second image is for a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction; and modifying the property at the location in the modified first image. 18. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution wherein selecting a second image comprises selecting a second image from a plurality of images based on one or more criteria; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein the one or more criteria comprises intensity information.
20. The method of claim 18 wherein the one or more criteria comprises resolution information.
21. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image, wherein determining the location is performed interactively; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image. 22. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image; and applying a feathering technique to a region of the first image that includes the location to modify, the feathering technique being applied after the location is modified. 23. A method of reducing differential resolution, the method comprising:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image, wherein modifying the property at the location in the first image comprises: applying a first wavelet transformation to the portion of the first image to produce a result; applying a second wavelet transformation to the portion of the second image; and modifying one or more coefficients produced by the application of the first wavelet transformation based on one or more coefficients produced by the application of the second wavelet transformation to produce a modified result. 24. The method of claim 23 further comprising determining a non-modify location in the first image at which the property is not to be modified.
applying an inverse wavelet transformation to the modified result of the first wavelet transformation to produce a digital image; and determining whether the property is modified at the non-modify location in the digital image. 26. The method of claim 25 further comprising restoring the property at the non-modify location to its original value if the property is modified at the non-modify location in the digital image.
applying an inverse wavelet transformation to the modified result; and determining whether the differential resolution is reduced between the portion of the first image and the portion of the second image. 28. The method of claim 23 further comprising:
applying an inverse wavelet transformation to the modified result to produce another result; and applying a feathering technique to a portion of the other result that includes the determined location to modify. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein applying the feathering technique comprises linearly interpolating between intensity values within the portion of the other result.
30. A method of modifying a property of an image, the method comprising:
accessing a first image containing first information about a scene; accessing a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, wherein the determining is based on a time-domain comparison of the portion of the first image and the portion of the second image; and modifying the property at the location by modifying information produced by application of a wavelet transformation to the portion of the first image, the information being modified based on information produced by application of a wavelet transformation to the portion of the second image. 31. An apparatus comprising a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon that when executed by a machine result in at least the following:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the location, wherein the first image comprises a red separation of a film frame and the differential resolution results in red fringing. 32. An apparatus comprising a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon that when executed by a machine result in at least the following:
selecting a first image containing first information about a scene; selecting a second image containing second information about the scene, wherein a portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution; determining a location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution, the location being in the portion of the first image, and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image; and reducing the differential resolution by modifying the property at the location, wherein determining the location comprises: comparing one or more features of an edge in the first image with one or more features of an edge in the second image; and selecting the edge as a location to modify based on a result of the comparison.
This application claims priority from and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/035,337, filed Jan. 4, 2002, and titled �Registration of Separations, � which is incorporated by reference. This application also claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/434,650, filed Dec. 20, 2002, and titled �Reduction of Differential Resolution of Separations, � which is incorporated by reference.
According to one aspect, reducing differential resolution includes selecting a first image containing first information about a scene and selecting a second image containing second information about the scene. A portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution. A location at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution is determined, with the location being in the portion of the first image and the determination being based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image. The differential resolution is reduced by modifying the property at the determined location in the portion of the first image.
The first image and the second image may be digital images. In addition, the location may include a pixel, and the property may include an intensity value of the pixel or a function of the intensity value.
The first image and the second image may include color separations of a film frame or may be extracted from a composite color image. The color composite image may be generated from color separations of a film frame. The first image may include a red separation and the differential resolution may result in red fringing. A non-modify location at which the property is not to be modified may be determined in the first image.
Determining the location may include comparing one or more features of an edge in the first image with one or more features of an edge in the second image. The edge may be selected as a location to modify based on a result of the comparison.
Determining the location also may include selecting one or more edges to modify. Selecting one or more edges to modify may include selecting, for one of the one or more edges, a single edge pixel of an edge that includes multiple edge pixels. Selecting one or more edges to modify may include (i) comparing one or more features of an edge in the first image with one or more features of an edge in the second image, and (ii) selecting the edge as an edge to modify based on a result of the comparison. The one or more features may include a feature selected from the group consisting of a location of the edge, a direction of the edge, an extent of the edge, an intensity-change direction, and an intensity range traversed. An edge extent to modify may be determined for each selected edge.
Multiple edges may be selected for modification. Two of the selected edges may be connected based on properties of the two selected edges, and an edge extent may be determined for the connected selected edges. Connecting two selected edges may be based on spatial proximity between the two selected edges or one or more of intensity differences between particular pixels in each of the two selected edges and intensity differences between particular pixels spatially located between the two selected edges. Determining an edge extent for the connected selected edges may be based on edge extents that would have been determined for each of the selected edges before the edges were connected.
A selected edge may be unselected based on the size of the selected edge. Determining the location in the portion of the first image may be based on information obtained at least in part from the portion of the second image. The information may be for a first direction only. Modifying the property at the location may include producing a modified first image. A location may be determined at which to modify the property in the modified first image. The determination may be based on information obtained at least in part from the second image. The information obtained from the second image may be for a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. The property may be modified at the location in the modified first image.
The first image may include an image that has been modified with information obtained from the second image. Selecting a second image may include selecting a second image from a set of images based on one or more criteria. The one or more criteria may include intensity information and resolution information.
Determining the location may be performed automatically or interactively. A feathering technique may be applied to a region of the first image that includes the location to modify. The feathering technique may be applied after the location is modified.
Modifying the property at the location in the first image may include applying a first wavelet transformation to the portion of the first image to produce a result, and applying a second wavelet transformation to the portion of the second image. One or more coefficients produced by the application of the first wavelet transformation may be modified based on one or more coefficients produced by the application of the second wavelet transformation to produce a modified result.
A non-modify location may be determined in the first image at which the property is not to be modified. An inverse wavelet transformation may be applied to the modified result of the first wavelet transformation to produce a digital image. When the property has been modified at the non-modify location in the digital image, the property at the non-modify location may be restored to its original value.
An inverse wavelet transformation may be applied to the modified result, and a determination may be made as to whether the differential resolution is reduced between the portion of the first image and the portion of the second image. An inverse wavelet transformation may be applied to the modified result to produce another result, and a feathering technique may be applied to a portion of the other result that includes the determined location to modify. Applying the feathering technique may include linearly interpolating between intensity values within the portion of the other result.
According to another aspect, selecting an edge includes accessing a first image and accessing a second image. The second image includes information that is complementary to information in the first image. A feature of an edge in the first image is compared with a feature of a corresponding edge in the second image. The edge in the first image is selected, based on a result of the comparison, as an edge to modify.
The selected edge may be modified using resolution information about the corresponding edge in the second image. Modifying the selected edge may include modifying information produced by application of a first wavelet transformation to a portion of the selected edge. The modification may be based on information produced by application of a second wavelet transformation to a portion of the corresponding edge. The first wavelet transformation may be the same as the second wavelet transformation.
Modifying information produced by application of the first wavelet transformation may include using one or more coefficients produced by application of the second wavelet transformation to replace one or more coefficients produced by application of the first wavelet transformation.
Using one or more coefficients produced by application of the second wavelet transformation may include scaling a coefficient produced by application of the second wavelet transformation to produce a scaled coefficient. The scaled coefficient may be used to replace a coefficient produced by application of the first wavelet transformation.
According to another aspect, modifying a property of an image includes accessing a first image containing first information about a scene, and accessing a second image containing second information about the scene. A portion of the first image and a portion of the second image have differential resolution. A location is determined at which to modify a property of the first image to reduce the differential resolution. The determining is based on a time-domain comparison of the portion of the first image and the portion of the second image. The property is modified at the location by modifying information produced by application of a wavelet transformation to the portion of the first image. The information is modified based on information produced by application of a wavelet transformation to the portion of the second image.
An apparatus may include a computer readable medium on which are stored instructions that, when executed by a machine, result in various of the above operations being performed. The apparatus may include a processing device coupled to the computer readable medium for executing the stored instructions.
FIG. 5 shows a sample edge map 500 for a red digital image that has, for simplicity, only one-dimensional horizontal edges. Edge map 500 shows four edges. The four edges are: (i) a one-dimensional horizontal edge covering pixels from (1,3) to (3,3), (ii) a one-dimensional horizontal edge covering pixels from (5,1) to (9,1), (iii) a one-dimensional horizontal edge covering pixels from (3,8) to (4,8), and (iv) a one-dimensional horizontal edge covering pixels from (7,6) to (8,6).
The sizes of the feather extents typically impact the rate at which the intensity values for the pixels at the boundaries blend from one value to another. Various techniques may be used to determine the size of the extents for each row or column corresponding to an NM/M (or Ref1/Ref2) pixel transition. In one implementation, the sizes of the feather extents are determined based on the intensity values of R, G, and B as well as the intensity values of the modified red image, M1 R. For example, assuming that M1 R (i,j) is the red intensity value for the NM pixel at the NM/M transition after the red image has been processed by the modification unit, and M1 R (i,j+1) is the red intensity value for the M pixel at the NM/M transition after the red image has been processed by the modification unit, a value diff may be defined as:
diff=abs(M 1 R(i,j)−M 1 R(i,j+1)),
FIG. 16 provides a simplified example involving a portion of a single column, i. In FIG. 16, pixel (i,j) is an NM pixel and (i,j+1) is an M pixel. M1 R(i,j)=130, M1 R(i,j+1)=90, and diff=40. Also, assume diff2 is 1. Assuming �constant� has a value of 0.1, then E1=4 which includes M1 R(i,j+1) through M1 R(i,j+4). The extent may be further refined based on the similarity of the adjacent pixel intensities with the same designations. In one implementation, continuing the above example, given an M pixel at location (i,j+1) and an extent E1, the following operations are performed for pixels (i, k), for j+1<k<=j+E1, where k is an integer:
The above algorithm can be applied to the column shown in FIG. 16. In the first pass through the algorithm, k=j+2. In operation 1 , pixel (i,j+2) is compared to pixel (i,j+1), and both are M pixels. In operation 2b, the (R, G, B) intensity values of pixel (i,j+2) are compared to the (R, G, B) intensity values of pixel (i,j+1). The comparison may be, for example, to determine the absolute value of a difference for each color component, in which case, the comparison yields a result of (3,3,2) (that is, 128-125, 127-130, 118-116). In operation 3, the result of (3,3,2) is checked to determine if a metric is satisfied. The metric may be, for example, a maximum acceptable difference for each component, and the value of the maximum acceptable difference may be, for example, 6. In such an implementation, the metric is satisfied because the differences for each color component, that is, 3,3, and 2, are less than the maximum acceptable difference of 6.
In the second pass through the algorithm, k=j+3. In operation 1 , pixel (i,j+3) is compared to pixel (i,j+2), and both are M pixels. In operation 2b, assuming the comparison is the absolute difference in intensity values, the comparison yields a result of 7 (125-118) for the R component and 1 for both the G and B components. In operation 3, assuming the metric is a maximum difference of 5, the result of 7 fails to satisfy the metric. In operation 4, the extent is defined as pixels (i,j+1) and (i,j+2), which is smaller than the earlier determined extent of 4.
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Entertainment Inc.Registration of separationsUS20100166305 *Nov 10, 2009Jul 1, 2010Postech Academy - Industry FoundationMethod for detecting and correcting chromatic aberration, and apparatus and method for processing image using the sameUS20120194695 *Nov 15, 2011Aug 2, 2012Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.Image processing apparatus and method* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification382/266, 382/162, 348/E05.051, 348/625, 382/299International ClassificationG06T3/40, G06T5/00, H04N5/262, H04N1/58Cooperative ClassificationH04N5/262, G06T5/50, G06T7/0085, G06T2207/20064, G06T3/403, H04N1/58, G06T3/4084European ClassificationG06T7/00S3, G06T5/50, H04N5/262, H04N1/58, G06T3/40E, G06T3/40TLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionFeb 20, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Mar 20, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Dec 21, 2005ASAssignmentOwner name: WARNER BROS. 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