Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2017197297A1/en
Timestamp: 2019-02-18 21:08:39
Document Index: 493734203

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 119', 'Application No. 62', 'Application No. 62', '§ 120', 'Application No. 15', 'ART- 1']

WO2017197297A1 - Multiple lumen device - Google Patents
Multiple lumen device Download PDF
WO2017197297A1
WO2017197297A1 PCT/US2017/032463 US2017032463W WO2017197297A1 WO 2017197297 A1 WO2017197297 A1 WO 2017197297A1 US 2017032463 W US2017032463 W US 2017032463W WO 2017197297 A1 WO2017197297 A1 WO 2017197297A1
PCT/US2017/032463
2016-05-12 Priority to US201662335209P priority Critical
2016-05-12 Priority to US62/335,209 priority
2016-07-28 Priority to US201662367670P priority
2016-07-28 Priority to US62/367,670 priority
2016-11-29 Priority to US15/363,080 priority patent/US20170325790A1/en
2016-11-29 Priority to US15/363,080 priority
2017-05-12 Application filed by Adn International, Llc filed Critical Adn International, Llc
2017-11-16 Publication of WO2017197297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017197297A1/en
A triple lumen expandable device designed for, in some embodiments, obtaining tissue from the aerodigestive tract is provided. The device may have internal and external folds and a tissue collection surface for collecting a tissue sample from a body lumen, such as the nose or throat. The device includes a camera and lumens for enhanced functionality. The present invention is also directed to methods of collecting a tissue sample using the devices, described herein.
MULTIPLE LUMEN DEVICE
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/367,670, filed July 28, 2016 entitled "SINGLE EXTRUSION TRIPLE LUMEN
DEVICE," and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/335,209 filed May 12, 2016, entitled "IMPROVED EXPANDABLE DEVICE FOR TISSUE COLLECTION FROM AN
AERODIGESTIVE BODY LUMEN", and under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to U.S. Patent Application No. 15/363,080 filed November 29, 2016, entitled "SINGLE EXTRUSION TRIPLE LUMEN DEVICE" the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multiple lumen device designed for collecting a tissue sample from a body lumen, such as the nose or throat and having improved tissue collection capabilities, as well as for treating and visualizing tissues within a body lumen. The device may include a camera and lumens for enhanced functionality and related methods.
Devices used for collecting tissue samples from the aerodigestive tract of a patient have not provided adequate clinical sampling of the entire circumference of the lumen. This lack of circumferential sampling often leads to sampling errors. Additionally, such existing devices often cause the tissue sample from being contaminated by neighboring tissue collected en route to and from the site of the suspected diseased tissue.
In some aspects the invention is a triple lumen expandable device. In some embodiments it is a single extrusion device. The device has a catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end and optionally having a handle positioned at the proximal end, one or more regions of the outer surface having a tissue collection surface, an expandable device positioned over at least a portion of the outer surface, wherein when the expandable device is deflated the outer surface has internal folds and external folds, wherein the tissue collection surface is present on one or more internal folds of the outer surface and is not present on one or more external folds, wherein the catheter body has at least three lumens, each having a distal opening at a distal end of the catheter, the first lumen having a distal opening within the expandable device, the second and third lumens having a distal opening distal to the expandable device. In some embodiments the device further comprises a camera positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device. The camera in some embodiments is positioned on the end of the third lumen.
The first lumen, in some embodiments is a hollow compartment for transferring a gas or liquid to the expandable device to inflate the expandable device. In other embodiments the second lumen is a flushing channel. In yet other embodiments the third lumen is a camera channel. In other embodiments, the third lumen has a transparent end.
In some embodiments the distal opening of the second lumen is positioned proximal to the distal opening of the third lumen. In other embodiments the camera has an anti-mucous coating.
In some embodiments the device is a cytology device for the collection and retention of tissue samples from within an individual.
In certain embodiments, the expandable device is a balloon. In some embodiments, the balloon is made of latex, silicone elastomer, butadiene/acrylonitride copolymers, copolyesters, ethylene vinylacetate (EVB) polymers, ethylene/acrylic copolymers, ethylene/propylene copolymers, polyalkylacrylate polymers, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polyethylene,
polyisobutylene, polyisoprene, polyurethane, styrenebutadiene copolymers, and styrene- ethylene/butylene-styrene, polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the balloon has one or more inflatable
compartments. In some embodiments, the balloon has a shape selected from the group consisting of round, conical, oblong, and tissue specific. In some embodiments, the tissue specific shape is a shape that is an approximate mirror image of a body lumen.
In some embodiments, the tissue collection surface of the expandable device is an abrasive surface. The abrasive surface may be made of any abrasive, non-toxic material. In particular embodiments, the abrasive surface is a coating of particulate. In certain embodiments, the particulate is made of silica, a biocompatible plastic, a biopolymer (e.g., polycaprolactone (PCA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutanoate (PHB), or polyhydroxybutyrate- valerate (PHBV)), or a combination thereof.
In some embodiments, the device is attached to a tube or channel. In certain
embodiments, an instrument is advanced through the tube or channel prior to contracting the expandable device. The instrument may be a laser fiber, a cytology brush, an applicator, a needle, forceps, or a blade. The tube or channel may be, for instance, an endoscope or part of an endoscope.
In other aspects the invention is a method of collecting tissue from an individual. The method involves (a) advancing a triple lumen expandable device as described herein, wherein the expandable device is deflated within a body lumen of an individual to a tissue collection site; (b) expanding the expandable device at the tissue collection site to unfurl at least some of the folds so that the tissue collection surface contacts tissue of the body lumen; (c) collecting tissue on the tissue collection surface of the expandable device; (d) deflating the expandable device; and (e) removing the deflated device from the individual.
In some embodiments the body lumen is selected from the group consisting of pharynx, larynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, nose, throat, trachea, esophagus, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, and duodenum. In other embodiments the step of collecting tissue involves rotating the expandable device.
In other embodiments, the expandable device is a balloon comprised of a thin material. In yet other embodiments the catheter body further comprises a stiffening agent, such as a wire in the lumen or embedded in the wall of the catheter body. In yet other embodiments the catheter body has a distal tip extending out beyond the expandable device. In other embodiments the distal tip comprises a soft material.
In some aspects the invention is a disposable single or multiple extrusion multiple lumen device, a flexible catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end to a distal end, wherein the catheter body has at least two lumens, each having a distal opening at or near the distal end of the catheter, wherein the first lumen is a hollow compartment for transferring components from the proximal to distal ends of the catheter, the second lumen being a flushing channel, a visualization device, optionally a camera, positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device, and a light source in proximity to the visualization device.
In some embodiments the disposable multiple lumen device further includes a handle fixed to the proximal end of the flexible catheter body. The handle may include a housing that encloses a steering mechanism comprising a rotating toothed gear. In some embodiments the handle housing contains a control element, wherein a portion of the control element is exposed to a proximal end of the handle such that the control element can be manipulated single- handedly. In other embodiments the flexible catheter body is detachably and directly connected at its proximal end to a distal end of the handle and includes at least one guide wire disposed therein, wherein the at least one guide wire extends from the proximal end of the flexible catheter body and is constructed to fit into a distal end portion of the steering mechanism housed in the handle such that the at least one guide wire can be manipulated by the steering mechanism to move the flexible catheter body in one of at least four different directions. In some embodiments the handle does not include any gears. In other embodiments the handle is disposable. The handle is not detachably fixed to the flexible catheter body in other embodiments.
A third lumen that is a hollow compartment for transferring a gas or liquid to an expandable device attached to the catheter body, to inflate the expandable device is provided in other embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments the expandable device is a balloon.
In yet other embodiments the catheter body has an outer surface sized to fit within an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum.
In some embodiments the catheter body is made of silicone elastomer.
In other embodiments the first lumen is constructed and arranged to deliver a therapeutic agent, diagnostic agent, or imaging agent to a tissue selected from the group consisting of an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum.
The visualization device in some embodiments is a camera which is positioned near the end of the second lumen. Optionally, the camera has an anti-mucous coating.
In some embodiments an insufflation valve positioned on the handle housing and operably connected to the third lumen. In yet other embodiments an irrigation/suction valve positioned on the handle housing and operably connected to the second lumen.
A method of treating an individual is provided in other aspects of the invention. The method involves (a) advancing a disposable multiple lumen device of the invention into a tissue selected from an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum of the individual; (b) visualizing a delivery site in the tissue using the visualization device and light source; (c) treating the delivery site by delivering through the first lumen of the catheter body an agent or a surgical instrument to the delivery site in order to treat the individual; and (d) removing the disposable multiple lumen device from the individual.
In some embodiments the agent is a therapeutic agent, a diagnostic agent or an imaging agent. In yet other embodiments the step of treating the delivery site involves the delivery of both an agent and a surgical instrument.
Still other aspects provided herein are directed to a kit, comprising: (a) the apparatus of any one of the foregoing embodiments; and (b) instructions or direction for obtaining
instructions for using the apparatus. In certain embodiments, components (a) and (b) are arranged in a container. In some aspects the invention is a device, having a catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end, an expandable device positioned over at least a portion of the outer surface, wherein when the expandable device is inflated it has a substantially cylindrical shape with tapered ends, and wherein when the expandable device is deflated the outer surface has internal folds and external folds, wherein a textured surface is present on one or more internal folds of the outer surface and is not present on one or more external folds, and wherein the textured surface is comprised of 1-500 strips of a tissue collection material on each internal fold.
In some embodiments the textured surface is comprised of 2-50 strips of a textured material on each internal fold. In other embodiments the tissue collection surface is comprised of 3-9 strips of a textured material on each internal fold. In yet other embodiments each internal fold includes 2 side walls and a bottom wall and wherein 3 strips of textured material are present on at least one the two side walls and/or the bottom wall of each internal fold. In some embodiments each of the 3 strips are arranged linearly with a space between strips. In other embodiments two of the 3 strips are 8-15 mm in length and the third strip is 15-29 mm in length. In some embodiments two of the 3 strips are 10 mm in length and the third strip is 25 mm in length. In some embodiments the strip of 25 mm in length is positioned between the two 10 mm strips.
The strips may be made of a clear or white material. In some embodiments the strips are polyolefin low profile hook strips.
In some embodiments the textured surface is a tissue collection surface. In some embodiments the textured surface is a drug delivery surface. In some embodiments the textured surface is an abrasive surface.
In some embodiments the expandable device is made of a clear material. In other embodiments the expandable device is made of a medical grade silicone. In other embodiments the strips are attached to the expandable device using a light cure Loctite 5055.
The expandable device in some embodiments has 10-15 internal folds and in other embodiments has 12 internal folds. Each internal fold may have 2 walls bonded to 1 or more strips. In some embodiments the expandable device has 24-84 strips bonded on internal folds. In other embodiments the expandable device has 36 strips bonded on internal folds. When the expandable device is inflated all of the strips may be exposed to the surface and arranged for contact with tissue. In some embodiments at least 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95% of the surface of the inflated expandable device is cylindrical.
In some embodiments when the tapered ends are elliptical in end shaped.
In other embodiments 30%-90%, 50%-80%, or30%-40% of the internal folds have a textured surface.
The internal folds in some embodiments are 40-60 mm in diameter, 0.5-3 mm in height and 0.05-0.2 mm depth. In other embodiments the internal folds are 50 mm in diameter, 1 mm in height and 0.1 mm depth.
In some embodiments the internal folds have blunt end walls which are perpendicular to side and bottom walls of the internal fold.
The device may also include a visualization device positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device. In some embodiments the visualization device is a camera. The camera may be a 1.4 mm camera. The visualization device may also include a video processor unit to process a signal received from the camera and to provide video output to a receiver. In some
embodiments the video processor unit further comprises a fiber coupled light source.
In some embodiments the catheter body has at least three lumens, each having a distal opening at a distal end of the catheter, the first lumen having a distal opening within the expandable device, the second and third lumens having a distal opening distal to the expandable device. In other embodiments a handle is positioned at the proximal end of the catheter.
In yet other embodiments the drug delivery surface is coated with an agent. The agent may be a therapeutic agent, diagnostic agent, or imaging agent.
Also, the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including," "comprising," or "having," "containing",
"involving", and variations thereof herein, is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic of an embodiment of the tissue collection device having an expandable device: deflated, side view.
FIGS. 2A-2B schematize an embodiment of the device in cross section, deflated within a body lumen (FIG. 2A), and inflated within a body lumen (FIG. 2B).
FIGS. 3A-3B schematize embodiments of the distal end of the device showing the second lumen and camera (FIG. 3A) and the second and third lumens (FIG. 3B).
FIG. 4A-4B schematize one embodiment of the distal dual lumen extrusion region of the device in side view (FIG. 4A) and cross section (FIG. 4B).
FIG. 5 schematizes one embodiment of a cytology collection apparatus, including an inflated device, first, second and third lumens and a camera.
FIG. 6 is a schematic of an embodiment of the device with a handle, side view.
FIGS. 7A-7B schematize cross-sectional views of an embodiment of the device, at the distal end of the handle housing (FIG. 7A) and a detailed view of the catheter tube portion marked as A in Fig. 7A (FIG. 7B).
FIG. 8 is a schematic of an embodiment of the device showing the handle connected to the catheter body and including valves and channels.
FIG. 9 is a schematic of an embodiment of the device at the proximal end of the handle housing in cross section view.
FIG. 10 schematizes one embodiment of the device in side view and cross section of the side view.
FIG. 1 lA-11C is a set of schematics of an embodiment of the expandable device including side view showing Sections A-A and B-B (Fig. 11 A), a side view of Section A-A (Fig. 11B) and a cross-sectional view of Section B-B (FIG. 11C).
FIG. 12A-12B is a schematic (Fig. 12A) of an embodiment of the expandable device showing wall indentations or inner and outer folds and a photograph (Fig. 12B) of an
embodiment of the expandable device showing wall indentations or inner and outer folds without any textured surface or strips.
FIG. 13A-13D is a set of photographs of embodiments of the device including side views of the expandable device having rows of textured surfaces or strips with 7 strips per inner fold (Fig. 13A), 3 even size strips per inner fold (Fig. 13B), or 3 differentially sized strips per inner fold (Fig. 13C) and a full view of the device including the expandable device, the catheter and handle (FIG. 13D).
FIG. 14A-14E is a set of photographs of an expandable device having non-optimal strips including a protruding strip (Fig. 14A), wrinkled strips (Figs. 14B and 14C), strips causing a diamond shape (Fig. 14D), and strips causing a protruding side of an expandable device (Fig. 14E).
FIG. 15 is a photograph of an expandable device having optimally situated strips and a substantially cylindrical structure with tapered sides.
FIG. 16 is a photograph of an embodiment of an expandable device having a camera linked to an external video processor, a light source and a fluid source or syringe.
FIG. 17A-17D is a set of photographs of embodiments of a device including the catheter (Fig. 17A), the expandable device and camera (Fig. 17B), an insertion port (Fig. 17C), and a proximal end with syringe and luer port (Fig. 17D).
FIG. 18A-18D is a set of photographs of a products visualized using an exemplary camera for use on the device. The photographs include a bar code (Fig. 18 A), 500 micron beads (Fig. 18B), oatmeal grain (Fig. 18C), and 200 micron beads (Fig. 18D).
Provided herein are methods and devices for collecting a tissue sample from a body such as a cylindrical lumen in the upper aerodigestive tract. The aerodigestive tract includes for instance, nasopharynx, nose, throat, airway, or esophagus. Obtaining tissue from the aerodigestive tract remains a technical challenge. A number of devices have been designed to achieve tissue sampling in this area of the body. However, the existing devices have many limitations. The devices of the invention provide a safe disposable solution for accurate and directed non-invasive sampling of tissue from this area of the body. Tissue sampling from cylindrical lumens is typically accompanied by some degree of sampling error, as it is difficult to collect cells from the entire circumference of, for example, an esophagus. By providing a device having the structural properties described herein and which expands to the walls of the lumen, it is possible to obtain a true sampling of the lumen, using a disposable device.
The devices are expandable (e.g., inflatable) and generally have folded regions, at least some of which include a tissue collection surface for capturing the tissue once the device is expanded. The device is inserted into the aerodigestive tract. The device may also incorporate a flexible visualization device such as a camera to enable direct visualization. The camera is activated and used to direct the device to the appropriate position for tissue sampling. The camera may be a disposable camera or other visualization device attached to the tissue collection device. Alternatively the camera may be a reusable camera which is removably attached to or associated with the tissue collection device. The device also includes several lumens including a lumen which allows for air or liquid to be passed through the device in order to clear the camera for better viewing.
The visualization device may be a camera or other imaging device, or other radiant energy sensor for radiant temperature, thermal imaging, reflected energy spectral analyzer, color, texture or fluorescence analysis. Recently developed commercial sub miniature cameras for vision may be used for instance. The imaging can also be achieved via an imaging fiber optics bundle as a sensor at the tip and locating a camera at the other end of the fiber bundle remote from the patient.
The camera when attached to the device can be interconnected with a low power radio frequency transmitter so as to transmit images recorded by the camera to a display module to the user of the device i.e., in the operating room or physician's office. Transmitters of this type are commercially available and can be adapted for the intended use. The image captured by the camera can be digitized and recorded. The image recorded by the camera can also be displayed real time on a video monitor through the wireless interconnection. The ease of a wireless transmission system in the confines of a medical procedure avoids the likelihood of a patient and attending health care providers from becoming entangled with cords and wires. In one embodiment, the camera can be located at the distal end of the tissue collection device. A light source may be provided so as to provide better images transmitted from the camera. In one embodiment the light source comprises at least one diode strategically placed on the device in order to provide ample but focused light on the area to be imaged by the camera.
The camera may furthermore have a reflective exterior to improve illumination light guiding. The reflective surface may have mirror finish or diffuse characteristics to achieve desired light patterns. The second lumen 40 between the camera 44 and the tip of the camera tube 46 may optionally also function as a fluid channel passing fluid or gas. This fluid can serve as a means of keeping the camera lens area purged and clean.
A computer can be coupled to the light source and the camera in order to control, for example, camera, light emission, and image display functions. More specifically, each computer used with the system can include a processor configured to activate the light, collect imaging data from the camera, analyze the imaging data, display the imaging data or outputs indicative of the analysis, and/or perform other operations (e.g., by executing a software program stored on the computer).
In some embodiments the visualization device comprises a camera tube or third lumen
46 with a distal end and a proximal end. In some embodiments, the camera tube or third lumen 46 is sealed at the distal end with a transparent material. The diameter of camera tube 46 is designed in such a way that a camera can be inserted inside of the camera tube through an opening at the proximal end and moved down the camera tube toward the distal end, so that the camera transmits continuously images obtained through the transparent material. The length of the camera tube can vary and it can be adjusted dependent on the length of the device. As the camera does not come in contact with a patient, there is no need to sterilize the camera and the same camera can be reused in many applications. Thus, the same camera can be switched between different devices and patients. The continuous visualization of the patient is in real time and enables remote monitoring as well.
The visualization device 198 can be further equipped with a portable light 204 which can be either built-in the camera or it can be built-in the camera tube or remain as an external source and is connected to a light source 202. Alternatively, a light source can remain outside the camera tube on the proximal end, but still be placed such that the light source sheds light inside of the camera tube. The camera 44 has a tip 42 and may have its own light source. As the visualization device transmits images from a patient in real time, it can be used for guiding the device for proper placement.
At least in some applications, the camera is a digital camera equipped with a chip and it collects and transmits images continuously. The camera can be connected wirelessly or hard- wired with a computer network which collects and analyzes images obtained by the camera. This arrangement permits for remote, continuous and real time monitoring of the device during placement and after-placement in a patient. Thus, an accurate and rapid placement of the device can be achieved. Further and because the visualization device continues to acquire images after the device is placed inside of a patient i.e. during cell collection, the patient can be monitored in real time for adverse reactions such as bleeding, airway obstruction, shifting or malfunctioning, etc. of the device and other reactions. In some embodiments the camera has an anti-mucous coating. The anti-mucous coating is useful for enhancing the visualization while the camera is in the body.
At the desired site of tissue collection, the device is expanded, such that the folds unfurl and are exposed to the tissue walls. The tissue collection surface on the now unfolded regions of the device is then allowed to contact the tissue. The tissue collection surface is configured in a way such that it is capable of dislodging the tissue from the tissue wall and capturing it on the surface. The device is then reduced or deflated such that the regions of the device having tissue collection surfaces are folded and face internal, such that they are no longer exposed to the tissue walls. The device may then be removed from the individual. As the device is being removed from the individual, the tissue collected using the device is protected from the body
environment. Once the device is outside of the body the tissue can be removed from the tissue collection surface using any known methods in the art, for instance by using a buffered (e.g., PBS (phosphate buffered saline)) wash.
In some instances, the tissue being sampled has a mucosal surface. It may be desirable to remove the mucous layer prior to (or at the same time) as tissue sampling. It is possible to achieve this by pretreating with or applying a mucolytic agent on the expandable device.
Mucolytic agents include but are not limited to acetylcysteine, ambroxol, bromhexine, carbocisteine, domiodol, dornase alfa, eprazinone, erdosteine, letosteine, mesna, neltenexine, sobrerol, stepronin, and tiopronin.
The folds may have any type of configuration or pattern. Types of folds include but are not limited to half fold, tri-fold, gate fold, Z fold, parallel fold, accordion fold, quarter fold, pleats, reverse folds, squash folds half/tri fold, and tri/half hold. FIG. 1 provides examples of an expandable device of the invention having pleat folds in a deflated configuration. In FIG. 1 the expandable device 10 is shown from a side view, such that the external folds 12 and internal folds 14 can be observed.
(e.g., esophagus) from which the tissue sample is collected. The particular shape and
dimensions of the expandable device may be selected as required for its specific purpose and for the particular tissue collection site at which it will be used. For example, expandable devices configured for introduction into the throat (e.g. esophagus or trachea) may have diameters of up to about 25 mm, or more. In some embodiments, the diameter of the device expands to about 10 to about 30 mm in diameter, while in other embodiments, the diameter of the device expands to about 15 to about 20 mm in diameter. The lengths of the expandable devices described herein vary widely, depending on the application. For example, the length of the expandable device can be up to about 100 mm, or more. In some embodiments, the expandable device is about 10 to about 100 mm, whereas in other embodiments, it is about 20 to about 50 mm in length.
embodiments, the particulate is made of granules. In certain embodiments, the granular size of the particulate is about 5 to about 500 microns. In other embodiments, the granular size of the particulate is about 25, or about 50 microns. The thickness of the tissue collection surface may be the same as, thinner than, or thicker than the expandable device material. In some embodiments, the tissue collection surface is thicker than the device material. Even in such embodiments where the thickness of the tissue collection surface exceeds that of the device material, the tissue collection surface is protected from exposure to the environment by the folds of the device such that the tissue collection surface is not contaminated during protraction and retraction of the device.
A protective cover, as used herein, refers to a structural element sized to enclose part or all of the expandable device, such that the expandable device is shielded from contact with surfaces. The protective cover may be made of a flexible material such that it may be folded back on itself or otherwise collapsed to expose the expandable device. Alternatively, it may be made from an inflexible material. In such a case it could simply be slid off the expandable device, or the expandable device could be moved out from the protective cover at the tissue collection area of the lumen. In some embodiments, the protective cover is a tube, such as a catheter, plastic stylet, or other covering used to deliver a medical device to a body lumen. A protective cover may optionally be used with any configuration of expandable device described herein.
Alternatively, the expandable device may be attached to a tube or channel, through which an object such as equipment or an agent (e.g., therapeutic agent such as medicine) may be delivered. For example, an endoscope may be advanced through the tube to visualize the area around the area around the expandable device. Alternatively the tube or channel may be an endoscope or part of an endoscope. An endoscope is an instrument used to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Typically, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ. In some embodiments, an endoscope is comprised of a rigid or flexible tube, a light delivery system to illuminate the organ or object under inspection (the light source can be outside of the body and the light can be directed via an optical fiber system), a lens system that transmits an image (still or motion) to a viewer from an objective lens to the viewer (e.g., a relay lens system in the case of rigid endoscopes or a bundle of fiber optics in the case of a fiberscope), and an eyepiece. In some embodiments, the endoscope is also attached to an additional tube or channel to allow entry of equipment such as medical instruments or manipulators.
In certain embodiments, collecting tissue involves rotating the fully expanded device.
Rotating refers to making a circular movement around an imaginary center (rotation) axis.
Another class of agents that can be delivered using the expandable device of the invention includes chemical compounds. A variety of agents that are currently used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes can be delivered according to the invention and these include without limitation imaging agents, immunomodulatory agents such as immuno stimulatory agents and immunoinhibitory agents (e.g., cyclosporine), antigens, adjuvants, cytokines, chemokines, anti-cancer agents, anti- infective agents, nucleic acids, antibodies or fragments thereof, fusion proteins such as cytokine- antibody fusion proteins, Fc-fusion proteins, analgesics, opioids, enzyme inhibitors, neurotoxins, hypnotics, anti-histamines, lubricants, tranquilizers, anti-convulsants, muscle relaxants, anti- Parkinson agents, anti-spasmodics, muscle contractants including channel blockers, miotics and anti-cholinergics, anti-glaucoma compounds, modulators of cell-extracellular matrix interactions including cell growth inhibitors and anti-adhesion molecules, vasodilating agents, inhibitors of DNA, RNA or protein synthesis, anti-hypertensives, anti-pyretic s, steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, anti-angiogenic factors, anti- secretory factors, anticoagulants and/or antithrombotic agents, local anesthetics, prostaglandins, targeting agents, neurotransmitters, proteins, cell response modifiers, and vaccines.
Immuno stimulatory Agents. As used herein, an immunostimulatory agent is an agent that stimulates an immune response (including enhancing a pre-existing immune response) in a subject to whom it is administered, whether alone or in combination with another agent.
Cancer Antigens. A cancer antigen is an antigen that is expressed preferentially by cancer cells (i.e., it is expressed at higher levels in cancer cells than on non-cancer cells) and in some instances it is expressed solely by cancer cells. The cancer antigen may be expressed within a cancer cell or on the surface of the cancer cell. The cancer antigen may be MART- 1/Melan-A, gplOO, adenosine deaminase-binding protein (ADAbp), FAP, cyclophilin b, colorectal associated antigen (CRC)— C017-1A/GA733, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CAP- 1, CAP-2, etv6, AML1, prostate specific antigen (PSA), PSA-1, PSA-2, PSA-3, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), T-cell receptor/CD3-zeta chain, and CD20. The cancer antigen may be selected from the group consisting of MAGE-A1, MAGE-A2, MAGE- A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A5, MAGE-A6, MAGE-A7, MAGE-A8, MAGE-A9, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A11,
MAGE-A12, MAGE-Xp2 (MAGE-B2), MAGE-Xp3 (MAGE-B3), MAGE-Xp4 (MAGE-B4), MAGE-C1, MAGE-C2, MAGE-C3, MAGE-C4, MAGE-C5). The cancer antigen may be selected from the group consisting of GAGE-1, GAGE-2, GAGE-3, GAGE-4, GAGE-5, GAGE- 6, GAGE-7, GAGE-8, GAGE-9. The cancer antigen may be selected from the group consisting of B AGE, RAGE, LAGE- 1 , NAG, GnT-V, MUM- 1 , CDK4, tyrosinase, p53 , MUC family,
HER2/neu, p21ras, RCAS 1, a-fetoprotein, E-cadherin, a-catenin, β-catenin, γ-catenin, pl20ctn, gpl00Pme1117, PRAME, NY-ESO-1, cdc27, adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), fodrin, Connexin 37, Ig-idiotype, pl5, gp75, GM2 ganglioside, GD2 ganglioside, human papilloma virus proteins, Smad family of tumor antigens, lmp-1, P1A, EBV-encoded nuclear antigen (EBNA)-l, brain glycogen phosphorylase, SSX-1, SSX-2 (HOM-MEL-40), SSX-1, SSX-4, SSX-5, SCP-1 and CT-7, CD20, and c-erbB-2.
Microbial Antigens. Microbial antigens are antigens derived from microbial species such as without limitation bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic and mycobacterial species. As such, microbial antigens include bacterial antigens, viral antigens, fungal antigens, parasitic antigens, and mycobacterial antigens. Examples of bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic and mycobacterial species are provided herein. The microbial antigen may be part of a microbial species or it may be the entire microbe. Allergens. An allergen is an agent that can induce an allergic or asthmatic response in a subject. Allergens include without limitation pollens, insect venoms, animal dander dust, fungal spores and drugs (e.g. penicillin). Examples of natural, animal and plant allergens include but are not limited to proteins specific to the following genera: Canine (Canis familiaris);
Dermatophagoid.es (e.g. Dermatophagoides farinae); Felis (Felis dome sticus); Ambrosia {Ambrosia artemiisfolia; Lolium (e.g. Lolium perenne or Lolium multiflorum); Cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica); Alternaria (Alternaria alternata); Aider, Alnus (Alnus gultinoasa); Betula (Betula verrucosa); Quercus (Quercus alba); Olea (Olea europa); Artemisia (Artemisia vulgaris); Plantago (e.g. Plantago lanceolata); Parietaria (e.g. Parietaria officinalis or
Parietaria judaica); Blattella (e.g. Blattella germanica); Apis (e.g. Apis multiflorum); Cupressus (e.g. Cupressus sempervirens, Cupressus arizonica and Cupressus macrocarpa); Juniperus (e.g. Juniperus sabinoides, Juniperus virginiana, Juniperus communis and Juniperus ashei); Thuya (e.g. Thuya orientalis); Chamaecyparis (e.g. Chamaecyparis obtusa); Periplaneta (e.g.
(immunostimulating complexes which contain mixed saponins, lipids and form virus-sized particles with pores that can hold antigen; CSL, Melbourne, Australia), Pam3Cys, SB-AS4 (SmithKline Beecham adjuvant system #4 which contains alum and MPL; SBB, Belgium), non- ionic block copolymers that form micelles such as CRL 1005 (these contain a linear chain of hydrophobic polyoxypropylene flanked by chains of polyoxyethylene, Vaxcel, Inc., Norcross, Ga.), and Montanide IMS (e.g., IMS 1312, water-based nanoparticles combined with a soluble immuno stimulant, Seppic) Adjuvants may be TLR ligands. Adjuvants that act through TLR3 include without limitation double-stranded RNA. Adjuvants that act through TLR4 include without limitation derivatives of lipopolysaccharides such as monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA; Ribi ImmunoChem Research, Inc., Hamilton, Mont.) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP; Ribi) andthreonyl-muramyl dipeptide (t-MDP; Ribi); OM-174 (a glucosamine disaccharide related to lipid A; OM Pharma SA, Meyrin, Switzerland). Adjuvants that act through TLR5 include without limitation flagellin. Adjuvants that act through TLR7 and/or TLR8 include single- stranded RNA, oligoribonucleotides (ORN), synthetic low molecular weight compounds such as imidazoquinolinamines (e.g., imiquimod, resiquimod). Adjuvants acting through TLR9 include DNA of viral or bacterial origin, or synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), such as CpG ODN. Another adjuvant class is phosphorothioate containing molecules such as phosphorothioate nucleotide analogs and nucleic acids containing phosphorothioate backbone linkages. In these latter instances, the adjuvant may be incorporated or be an integral part of the nucleic acid gel and will be released as the gel is degraded.
Growth Factors. The expandable device may be coated with growth factors including without limitation VEGF-A, VEGF-C PIGF, KDR, EGF, HGF, FGF, angiopoietin-1, cytokines, endothelial nitric oxide synthases eNOS and iNOS, G-CSF, GM-CSF, VEGF, aFGF, SCF (c-kit ligand), bFGF, TNF, heme oxygenase, AKT (serine-threonine kinase), HIFa hypoxia inducible factor), Del-1 (developmental embryonic locus-1), NOS (nitric oxide synthase), BMP's (bone morphogenic proteins), SERCA2a (sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase), beta-2-adrenergic receptor, SDF-1, MCP-1, other chemokines, interleukins and combinations thereof.
Anti-Cancer Agents. As used herein, an anti-cancer agent is an agent that at least partially inhibits the development or progression of a cancer, including inhibiting in whole or in part symptoms associated with the cancer even if only for the short term. Several anti-cancer agents can be categorized as DNA damaging agents and these include topoisomerase inhibitors (e.g., etoposide, ramptothecin, topotecan, teniposide, mitoxantrone), DNA alkylating agents (e.g., cisplatin, mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, melphalan, chorambucil, busulfan, thiotepa, carmustine, lomustine, carboplatin, dacarbazine, procarbazine), DNA strand break inducing agents (e.g., bleomycin, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, mitomycin C), anti-microtubule agents (e.g., vincristine, vinblastine), anti-metabolic agents (e.g., cytarabine, methotrexate, hydroxyurea, 5-fluorouracil, floxuridine, 6-thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine, fludarabine, pentostatin, chlorodeoxy adenosine), anthracyclines, vinca alkaloids, or
epipodophyllotoxins .
Ametantrone Acetate; Aminoglutethimide; Amsacrine; Anastrozole; Anthramycin;
Asparaginase; Asperlin; Azacitidine; Azetepa; Azotomycin; Batimastat; Benzodepa;
Bicalutamide; Bisantrene Hydrochloride; Bisnafide Dimesylate; Bizelesin; Bleomycin Sulfate; Bortezomib (VELCADE); Brequinar Sodium; Bropirimine; Busulfan; Cactinomycin;
Dromostanolone; Duazomycin; Edatrexate; Eflornithine; Elsamitrucin; Enloplatin; Enpromate;
Epipropidine; Epirubicin; Erbulozole; Erlotinib (TARCEVA), Esorubicin; Estramustine;
Hydroxyurea; Idarubicin; Ifosfamide; Ilmofosine; Imatinib mesylate (GLEEVAC); Interferon alpha-2a; Interferon alpha-2b; Interferon alpha-nl; Interferon alpha-n3; Interferon beta-I a;
Interferon gamma-I b; Iproplatin; Mnotecan; Lanreotide; Lenalidomide (REVLIMID,
Masoprocol; Maytansine; Mechlorethamine; Megestrol; Melengestrol; Melphalan; Menogaril; Mercaptopurine; Methotrexate; Metoprine; Meturedepa; Mitindomide; Mitocarcin; Mitocromin;
Mitogillin; Mitomalcin; Mitomycin; Mitosper; Mitotane; Mitoxantrone; Mycophenolic Acid;
Nocodazole; Nogalamycin; Ormaplatin; Oxisuran; Paclitaxel; Pemetrexed (ALIMTA),
Spiromustine; Spiroplatin; Streptonigrin; Streptozocin; Sulofenur; Talisomycin; Tamsulosin; Taxol; Taxotere; Tecogalan; Tegafur; Teloxantrone; Temoporfin; Temozolomide (TEMODAR); Teniposide; Teroxirone; Testolactone; Thalidomide (THALOMID) and derivatives thereof; Thiamiprine; Thioguanine; Thiotepa; Tiazofurin; Tirapazamine; Topotecan; Toremifene;
The anti-cancer agent may be an enzyme inhibitor including without limitation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a CDK inhibitor, a MAP kinase inhibitor, or an EGFR inhibitor. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor may be without limitation Genistein (4',5,7 trihydroxyisoflavone), Tyrphostin 25 (3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl), methylene] -propanedinitrile, Herbimycin A, Daidzein (4',7- dihydroxyisoflavone), AG- 126, trans-l-(3'-carboxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(2",5"-dihydroxy- phenyl)ethane, or HDBA (2-Hydroxy5-(2,5-Dihydroxybenzylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid. The CDK inhibitor may be without limitation p21, p27, p57, pl5, pl6, pl8, or pl9. The MAP kinase inhibitor may be without limitation KY12420 (C23H2408), CNI- 1493, PD98059, or 4-(4- Fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinyl phenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl) lH-imidazole. The EGFR inhibitor may be without limitation erlotinib (TARCEVA), gefitinib (IRESSA), WHI-P97 (quinazoline derivative), LFM-A12 (leflunomide metabolite analog), ABX-EGF, lapatinib, canertinib, ZD- 6474 (ZACTIMA), AEE788, and AG1458.
immunoglobulin G (IgG) (Fc gamma RI)), oregovomab (OVAREX, indicated for ovarian cancer), edrecolomab (PANOREX), daclizumab (ZENAPAX), palivizumab (SYNAGIS, indicated for respiratory conditions such as RSV infection), ibritumomab tiuxetan (ZEVALIN, indicated for Non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma), cetuximab (ERBITUX), MDX-447, MDX-22, MDX- 220 (anti-TAG-72), IOR-C5, IOR-T6 (anti-CDl), IOR EGF/R3, celogovab (ONCOSCINT OV103), epratuzumab (LYMPHOCIDE), pemtumomab (THERAGYN), and Gliomab-H (indicated for brain cancer, melanoma).
Anti-Infective Agents. The agent may be an anti-infective agent including without limitation an anti-bacterial agent, an anti-viral agent, an anti-parasitic agent, an anti-fungal agent, and an anti-mycobacterial agent.
Bacitracin Zinc; Bambermycins; Benzoylpas Calcium; B erythromycin; Betamicin Sulfate;
Butirosin Sulfate; Capreomycin Sulfate; Carbadox; Carbenicillin Disodium; Carbenicillin Indanyl Sodium; Carbenicillin Phenyl Sodium; Carbenicillin Potassium; Carumonam Sodium;
Cefpiramide Sodium; Cefpirome Sulfate; Cefpodoxime Proxetil; Cefprozil; Cefroxadine; Cefsulodin Sodium; Ceftazidime; Ceftibuten; Ceftizoxime Sodium; Ceftriaxone Sodium;
Cefuroxime; Cefuroxime Axetil; Cefuroxime Pivoxetil; Cefuroxime Sodium; Cephacetrile
Sodium; Cephalexin; Cephalexin Hydrochloride; Cephaloglycin; Cephaloridine; Cephalothin
Chloramphenicol; Chloramphenicol Palmitate; Chloramphenicol Pantothenate Complex;
Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinate; Chlorhexidine Phosphanilate; Chloroxylenol;
Lomefloxacin Mesylate; Loracarbef; Mafenide; Meclocycline; Meclocycline Sulfosalicylate;
Netilmicin Sulfate; Neutramycin; Nifuradene; Nifuraldezone; Nifuratel; Nifuratrone; Nifurdazil; Nifurimide; Nifurpirinol; Nifurquinazol; Nifurthiazole; Nitrocycline; Nitrofurantoin; Nitromide;
Norfloxacin; Novobiocin Sodium; Ofloxacin; Ormetoprim; Oxacillin Sodium; Oximonam;
Oximonam Sodium; Oxolinic Acid; Oxytetracycline; Oxytetracycline Calcium; Oxytetracycline
Hydrochloride; Paldimycin; Parachlorophenol; Paulomycin; Pefloxacin; Pefloxacin Mesylate; Penamecillin; Penicillin G Benzathine; Penicillin G Potassium; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillin
G Sodium; Penicillin V; Penicillin V Benzathine; Penicillin V Hydrabamine; Penicillin V
Sarmoxicillin; Sarpicillin; Scopafungin; Sisomicin; Sisomicin Sulfate; Sparfloxacin;
Hydrochloride), Dapsone (4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone), Paser Granules (aminosalicylic acid granules), Priftin (rifapentine), Pyrazinamide, Isoniazid, Rifadin (Rifampin), Rifadin IV, Rifamate (Rifampin and Isoniazid), Rifater (Rifampin, Isoniazid, and Pyrazinamide),
Anti-viral agents may be without limitation further include Acemannan; Acyclovir;
Acyclovir Sodium; Adefovir; Alovudine; Alvircept Sudotox; Amantadine Hydrochloride;
Aranotin; Arildone; Atevirdine Mesylate; Avridine; Cidofovir; Cipamfylline; Cytarabine
Hydrochloride; Delavirdine Mesylate; Desciclovir; Didanosine; Disoxaril; Edoxudine;
Fosarilate; Foscarnet Sodium; Fosfonet Sodium; Ganciclovir; Ganciclovir Sodium; Idoxuridine;
Kethoxal; Lamivudine; Lobucavir; Memotine Hydrochloride; Methisazone; Nevirapine;
Other anti-infective agents may be without limitation Difloxacin Hydrochloride; Lauryl Isoquinolinium Bromide; Moxalactam Disodium; Ornidazole; Pentisomicin; Sarafloxacin
Hydrochloride; Protease inhibitors of ΗΓν and other retroviruses; Integrase Inhibitors of HIV and other retroviruses; Cefaclor (Ceclor); Acyclovir (Zovirax); Norfloxacin (Noroxin); Cefoxitin
(Mefoxin); Cefuroxime axetil (Ceftin); Ciprofloxacin (Cipro); Aminacrine Hydrochloride;
Cetalkonium Chloride; Cetylpyridinium Chloride : Chlorhexidine Hydrochloride; Clioquinol;
Domiphen Bromide; Fenticlor; Fludazonium Chloride; Fuchsin, Basic; Furazolidone; Gentian
Violet; Halquinols; Hexachlorophene : Hydrogen Peroxide; Ichthammol; Imidecyl Iodine; Iodine; Isopropyl Alcohol; Mafenide Acetate; Meralein Sodium; Mercufenol Chloride; Mercury,
Ammoniated; Methylbenzethonium Chloride; Nitrofurazone; Nitromersol; Octenidine
Potassium Permanganate; Povidone-Iodine; Sepazonium Chloride; Silver Nitrate; Sulfadiazine, Silver; Symclosene; Thimerfonate Sodium; Thimerosal; or Troclosene Potassium.
Other Agents. The agent may be without limitation adrenergic agent; adrenocortical steroid; adrenocortical suppressant; alcohol deterrent; aldosterone antagonist; ammonia detoxicant; amino acid; amylotropic lateral sclerosis agent; anabolic; analeptic; analgesic; androgen; anesthetic; anorectic; anorexic; anterior pituitary activator; anterior pituitary suppressant; anthelmintic; anti-acne agent; anti- adrenergic; anti-allergic; anti-amebic; anti- androgen; anti-anemic; anti-anginal; anti-anxiety; anti- arthritic; anti-asthmatic including β- adrenergic agonists, methylxanthines, mast cell stabilizing agents, anticholinergics,
bronchodilator; carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; cardiac depressant; cardioprotectant; cardiotonic; cardiovascular agent; cerebral ischemia agent; choleretic; cholinergic; cholinergic agonist;
cholinesterase deactivator; coccidiostat; cognition adjuvant; cognition enhancer; conjunctivitis agent; contrast agent; depressant; diagnostic aid; diuretic; dopaminergic agent; ectoparasiticide; emetic; enzyme inhibitor; estrogen; estrogen receptor agonist; fibrinolytic; fluorescent agent; free oxygen radical scavenger; gastric acid suppressant; gastrointestinal motility effector;
In certain embodiments, provided herein is an apparatus comprising the expandable device 10 of any of the foregoing embodiments and a support member or tube 56. A support member or tube 56 as used herein, is a flexible element that is connected on one end to the expandable device, and optionally on the other end to a guide element or handle. The support member is used to guide the expandable device to and from the body lumen during the sampling process. The support member must be flexible in order to navigate the inside of the individual's body such that it is able to deliver the expandable device to the sampling site.
In certain embodiments, the support member exceeds the length of the expandable device. For instance, the support member may extend beyond both the proximal and distal ends of the device. In some embodiments, the expandable device is attached (fixedly or removably) to the proximal end of the support member such that the distal end 60 of the support member extends beyond the expandable device. Alternatively, the expandable device may be attached (fixedly or removably) to the distal end of the support member such that that proximal end 62 of the support member or tube 56 extends beyond the expandable device 10. The distance between the proximal end region and the distal end region of the support member (length) can vary greatly, as long as it is within a range useable in a human body. For instance, the length may be about 2 cm to 40 cm, 5 to 20 cm, or 5 cm to 15 cm. In particular embodiments, the distance is about 10 cm.
The device has an expanded (inflated) configuration and a contracted (deflated) configuration. The device may also assume an intermediate configuration. When deployed at a tissue collection site, the device can be partially expanded or fully expanded. In its fully expanded state, the internal and external folds are no longer pleated. Other than with self- expanding devices, the apparatus will involve a mechanism for expanding the device. It typically is expanded using a gas or liquid.
In order to achieve this, the support member or tube may include a hollow compartment or lumen for transferring a gas or liquid to the device to expand the device. Examples of gases used herein include oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. Examples of liquids include water-based, alcohol-based, or gel-like liquids. In certain embodiments, the gas or liquid is transferred through the hollow compartment to the center of the device, thereby expanding the device as the volume of the gas or liquid increases to fill the device.
In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises an actuator at the proximal end region. An actuator refers to a device for moving or controlling movement of the expandable device or entire apparatus. The actuator may be mechanical or electrical. For example, an actuator may be used to advance the expandable device to the tissue collection site. They actuator may also be used to inflate and deflate the expandable device. In some embodiments where a protective covering is used, the actuator is used to deploy the expandable device from the protective cover. In certain embodiments, the actuator is a syringe. A syringe may be used to deliver a liquid or gas to the expandable device, thereby expanding the device, either fully or partially. The syringe may be connected with the expandable device via the support member, a catheter, or other hose. Alternatively, the movement of the expandable device may be by hand and does not employ an actuator. FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the expandable device. The expandable device 10 is shown in its deflated configuration. The expandable device may have multiple folds, for example, 6 folds, 8 folds, 12 folds, 24 folds, or more. In its deflated (contracted) configuration, the internal folds 14 of the device are pulled in and away from the surface of the device, while the external folds 12 remain exposed at the surface. In its inflated (expanded) configuration, the internal folds 14 of the device are forced outward (unfurled) to allow for contact with the tissue of the lumen wall.
FIG. 2 illustrates several embodiments of the device of the invention in a cross sectional view. The device is shown in its deflated configuration (FIG. 2A) and its inflated configuration (FIG. 2B). The device has a tissue collection surface 60 on the surface of each internal fold 14. In its deflated configuration, the internal folds 14 are tucked between the external folds 12, and the tissue collection surface 60 is protected from exposure to the body lumen wall 100 and surrounding environment 102 (FIG. 2A). When the device 10 is expanded (e.g., fully expanded), the internal folds 14 are forced outward, placing the tissue collection surface 60 in direct contact with the internal wall (tissue) of the body lumen 100 (FIG. 2B). As the expandable device is moved (e.g., rotated or moved back and forth), the tissue is sloughed off of the lumen wall and becomes entrapped on or within the tissue collection surface 60. The expandable device is then deflated (contracted) into its corrugated, original configuration, such that the collected tissue is entrapped in the internal folds and protected from exposure to the external environment (FIG. 2A).
In certain embodiments, the device of the invention has three lumens. The first lumen is also referred to as the balloon inflation lumen 22. The first lumen has an internal opening through which, for example, air or gas can be delivered in order to inflate the expandable device. A hose (e.g., catheter) or other instrument may also be inserted through the lumen. In some embodiments, the opening is at the proximal end of the device 30, while in other embodiments, there is an opening at both the proximal and distal 32 ends of the device. The opening of the first lumen at the distal end of the device is within the expandable device. When air or gas is passed through the lumen the air or gas can accumulate in the expandable device and cause it to inflate. Air or gas may also be removed from the expandable device through the first lumen in order to deflate the expandable device.
A second lumen, also referred to as a flushing lumen 40, is shown in cross section in FIG. 2B. The flushing lumen has a distal end near to the end of the third lumen or camera tube 46. When fluid or gas is passed through the second lumen 40 the fluid or gas can clear away debris or fluid obstructing the camera view.
FIG. 1 also illustrates an embodiment of the expandable device 10 having a support member or handle attached to the device (either fixedly or removable attached). The support member or handle 52 may be a solid structure and may or may not have controls or gears for manipulating movement of the device or its components. It may be detachable.
In certain embodiments, delivery of a gas or liquid to the device 10 is through a lumen in the support member. The lumen may be perforated to allow exit of the gas or liquid, or the lumen may be open-ended within the device.
The apparatus of the invention may include an expandable device 10 attached to a support tube 56 at its proximal end (relative to the body lumen opening) and, optionally, to a handle 82. Alternatively it may be joined to a connector (e.g. valve) at its proximal end, and a syringe and plunger attached to the support tube 56 via as second connector 86. Prior to advancement, the plunger may be used to backfill the syringe with a gas or liquid, then the syringe is attached to the support tube 56 via the connector. Prior to advancement of the device 10 into a body lumen, the distal end of the support tube 56 is joined to the proximal end of the support member via a connector. Alternatively the hose is connected to the support member, either by slipping the proximal end opening of the support member over the distal end of the support tube 56 to form a seal, or by slipping the distal end opening of the support tube 56 over the proximal end opening of the support member.
The expandable device 10 and support tube 56 are then advanced into the lumen to the tissue collection site, guided by the distal end of the support member or by a guide wire (or by the device 10 itself). In order to determine the position of the tissue collection site the camera may be used. Once the device 10 is positioned at the tissue collection site, the plunger is slowly actuated, thereby releasing the gas or liquid such that it travels through the support tube 56 to the support member. In certain embodiments, the support member is perforated, allowing the gas or liquid to be released into the expandable device 10, thereby filling and inflating the device 10 such that the internal folds 14 unfurl permitting contact of the tissue collection surface with the wall of the lumen. The device 10 is then moved (e.g., rotated or moved back and forth), dislodging and collecting a tissue sample from the lumen wall. After the sample is collected, the device 10 is deflated by retracting the plunger, thereby drawing out the gas or air used to inflate the device. The device 10 and support tube 56 are then carefully removed from the lumen. Figs. 6-10 show several views of a disposable multiple lumen device of the invention. A disposable device is configured to be disposed of after a single use (e.g., not intended to be reused, restored, or re-sterilized). Disposable devices can be made from materials which are not designed to withstand multiple exposures to harsh treatments such as washing or sterilization. The disposable device may include a disposable catheter body connected to a reusable handle or alternatively both the handle and the catheter body may be disposable. When a reusable handle is used with a disposable catheter body, the handle and the disposable body can be configured such that they connect to one another directly or through a connector such as a connection chamber. An exemplary connection chamber 101 is shown in Fig. 10.
There have been a number of problems with sterility and sterilization of multiple use devices. For instance, long periods of sterility and brushing channels of scope devices does not guarantee sterility. Hospitals are also concerned with eliminating prions, which requires as much as 28 minutes in a sterilization unit. The longer wait times have two effects: increasing the wait time between procedures unless the institution buys more expensive scopes and decreasing the half-life of the instruments because of the increase heat exposure per procedure. The disposable scopes of the invention provide an advantage over the reusable devices facing these sterility issues.
A schematic of an embodiment of the device with a handle, side view is shown in Fig. 6. The handle 52 is connected to the catheter tube 56 at the proximal end 30 of the catheter tube 56. A deflection knob 104 is positioned near the distal end of the handle housing 102. At the distal end of the handle 80 a camera and light connection port 106 is positioned to provide a connection between the device and external equipment for the camera and light signals. A terminal portion of a flushing channel 40 and a first hollow lumen 108 are depicted extending from the handle 52.
In Fig. 7 a detailed cross- sectional view of an embodiment of the device, at the distal end of the handle housing 110 (Fig. 7A) and a detailed view of the catheter tube portion marked as A in Fig. 7A (Fig. 7B) is provided. Fig. 7A shows the cross section of the distal handle including the flushing lumen 40, the first hollow lumen 108, and the balloon inflation lumen 22. Each of the three lumens extends out of the handle. In the center of the handle a cross-sectional view is provided of the catheter body. This view is shown in more detail in Fig. 7B. A cross section of the flushing lumen 40, the first hollow lumen 108, and the balloon inflation lumen 22 as well as a tube or lumen 46 for the camera or camera wires and the light source 112 are shown. In Fig. 8 an alternate side view of the handle 52 connected to the catheter body and including valves and channels is shown. Irrigation/suction valve 116 and insufflation valve 118 are depicted near to the distal end of the handle 52. The proximal end of the handle housing 102 is shown in cross section in Fig. 9. The camera and light connection port 106 is shown centrally located.
A side view and cross section version of the side view of the entire device are shown in Fig. 10. As shown in the figure, the device includes a flexible catheter body 56 extending distally from a proximal end 30 to a distal end 32. The catheter body has several lumens, each having a distal opening at or near the distal end of the catheter and another opening exiting the handle 52. As shown in the figure the flushing lumen 40 includes an irrigation/suction valve 116 at the end. The balloon inflation lumen 22 includes an insufflation valve 118 at the end. A connection chamber 101 connects the handle to the proximal end of the catheter.
The disposable multiple lumen device further includes a handle fixed to the proximal end of the flexible catheter body. The handle 52 may include a housing 102 that encloses a steering mechanism 120 comprising a rotating toothed gear 122. In some embodiments the handle housing contains a control element such as a deflection knob 104, wherein a portion of the control element is exposed to a proximal end of the handle such that the control element can be manipulated single-handedly.
Thus, the handle assembly 112 may include a housing 102 that encloses a steering mechanism 118. The steering mechanism 118 may include a rotating toothed gear 122 carried on a shaft within the housing 102. The toothed gear 122 and control knob 104 may be attached to shaft by connectors such as splines. The toothed gear 122 may be seated for rotation between upper part and lower parts of housing. The control knob 104 may be seated against an O-ring or sealant mechanism, which seals the housing and also provides resistance against movement so that the catheter will remain in a selected position until a new position is selected by the physician.
In other embodiments the flexible catheter body is detachably and directly connected at its proximal end to a distal end of the handle and includes at least one guide wire 120 disposed therein, wherein the at least one guide wire 120 extends from the proximal end of the flexible catheter body and is constructed to fit into a distal end portion of the steering mechanism housed in the handle such that the at least one guide wire can be manipulated by the steering mechanism to move the flexible catheter body in one of at least four different directions. In other embodiments the handle may not include any gears.
The device described herein may be used, for instance, in a methods of treating an individual. The device may be used to enter a body lumen, visualize a desired tissue and deliver an agent such as a therapeutic agent to the tissue. Alternatively a surgical device may be manipulated at the tissue site using the device. Typically the tissue will be an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum of the individual.
In some aspects the invention is a device, in some embodiments of which are shown in Figs. 11-13 and 15-17. The device has a catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end, an expandable device positioned over at least a portion of the outer surface, wherein when the expandable device is inflated it has a substantially cylindrical shape with tapered ends, and wherein when the expandable device is deflated the outer surface has internal folds and external folds, wherein a textured surface is present on one or more internal folds of the outer surface and is not present on one or more external folds, and wherein the textured surface is comprised of 1-500 strips of a tissue collection material on each internal fold.
In some embodiments the textured surface is comprised of 1-200, 1-100, 2-100, 2-50, 3- 100, 3-200, 3-36, 3-24, 3-12, 3-6, 4-200, 4-100, 4-50, 4-36, 5-200, 5-100, 5-50, 5-36, 6-100, 6- 50, 6-25, 6-36, 7-100, 7-50, 7-36, 8-100, 8-50, 8-36, 9-100, 9-50, 9-36, 9-24, or 9-12 strips of a textured material on each internal fold. In other embodiments the tissue collection surface is comprised of 3-9 strips of a textured material on each internal fold. In yet other embodiments each internal fold includes 2 side walls and a bottom wall and wherein 3 strips of textured material are present on at least one the two side walls and/or the bottom wall of each internal fold. Preferably the strips are arranged linearly in the internal folds such that a space is left between the strips. The space between strips may be about 1-5, 1-10, 1-3, -1-4 or 1-2 mm in some embodiments. Examples of different orientations or arrangements of strips are shown in Figs. 13 and 15. Each internal fold may have a single strip or multiple strips.
In one preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 15 and 13C two of the 3 strips are 8-15 mm in length and the third strip is 15-29 mm in length. In some embodiments two of the 3 strips are 10 mm in length and the third strip is 25 mm in length. In some embodiments the strip of 25 mm in length is positioned between the two 10 mm strips. This embodiment is one example of a configuration that forms a substantially cylindrical shape, with tapered ends, when the expandable device is inflated.
A cylindrical shape as used herein refers to a geometrical figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section. A substantially cylindrical shape as used herein refers to a geometrical figure with parallel sides in which at least 90% of the parallel sides are straight and a circular or oval cross section which has less than 10% variability in that structure. In some embodiments the substantially cylindrical shape is sausage shape. The purpose of the substantially cylindrical shape is to expose the maximum amount of the textured surface to body tissue when the expandable device is inflated. Thus, in some embodiments the expandable device has a substantially cylindrical shape when greater than 80% of the strips are exposed to the surface in a configuration that they would be able to interact with the body tissue in a body cavity or area. In some embodiments the expandable device has a substantially cylindrical shape when greater than 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% of the strips are exposed to the surface in a configuration that they would be able to interact with the body tissue in a body cavity or area.
Various configurations are shown in Fig. 13A-13D. In Fig. 13A the expandable device has rows of textured surfaces or strips with 7 strips per inner fold. Other configurations include 3 even size strips per inner fold (Fig. 13B) and 3 differentially sized strips per inner fold (Fig. 13C). FIG. 15 is a photograph of an expandable device having optimally situated strips and a substantially cylindrical structure with tapered sides.
In some embodiments the textured surface is a tissue collection surface as described herein. In some embodiments the textured surface is a drug delivery surface. In yet other embodiments the drug delivery surface is coated with an agent. The agent may be a therapeutic agent, diagnostic agent, or imaging agent as described herein. In some embodiments the textured surface of the strips is an abrasive surface. The abrasive surface may be made of any material useful for collecting cells or delivering a drug or agent. The strips may be made of a clear or white material. In some embodiments the strips are polyolefin low profile hook strips.
In some embodiments the expandable device is made of a clear material. In other embodiments the expandable device is made of a medical grade silicone. Medical grade silicones are generally grouped into three categories: non implantable, short term implantable, and long-term implantable. Since the components of the invention are not being implanted any of these can be used. Materials approved by the FDA as Class V and VI can be considered medical grade. Most medical grade silicones are at least Class VI certified.
The strips or textured surfaces are attached to the expandable device using a material that is sufficiently flexible that it allows movement when the expandable device is inflated and strong enough to hold the strips on the medical grade silicone. Many glues do not have sufficient properties to achieve these goals. One material useful according to the invention is a light cure Loctite 5055.
The expandable device in some embodiments has 10-15 internal folds and in other embodiments has 12 internal folds. Each internal fold may have 2 walls bonded to 1 or more strips. In some embodiments the expandable device has 24-84 strips bonded on internal folds. In other embodiments the expandable device has 36 strips bonded on internal folds.
The internal folds in some embodiments are 40-60 mm in diameter, 0.5-3 mm in height and 0.05-0.2 mm depth. In other embodiments the internal folds are 50 mm in diameter, 1 mm in height and 0.1 mm depth. In other embodiments 30%-90%, 50%-80%, or30%-40% of the internal folds have a textured surface. In some embodiments the internal folds have blunt end walls which are perpendicular to side and bottom walls of the internal fold.
Fig. 1 lA-11C and 12A-12B is a set of schematics of an embodiment of the expandable device including side view showing Sections A-A and B-B (Fig. 11 A), a side view of Section A- A (Fig. 1 IB) and a cross-sectional view of Section B-B (FIG. 11C). T expandable device has wall indentations or inner 12 and outer 14 folds.
The device may also include a visualization device positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device. Exemplary visualization device and related accessories are shown in Figs. 16-18. In some embodiments the visualization device is a camera. The camera may be a 1.4 mm camera. The visualization device may also include a video processor unit to process a signal received from the camera and to provide video output to a receiver. In some embodiments the video processor unit further comprises a fiber coupled light source. FIG. 16 is a photograph of an embodiment of an expandable device having a camera linked to an external video processor, a light source and a fluid source or syringe. Figs. 17A-17D is a set of photographs of
embodiments of a device including the catheter (Fig. 17A), the expandable device and camera (Fig. 17B), an insertion port (Fig. 17C), and a proximal end with syringe and luer port (Fig. 17D). The resolution of the camera was tested to determine accuracy. The results of the test are shown in Figs. 18A-18D. A series of products were visualized using an exemplary camera for use on the device. The photographs include a bar code (Fig. 18A), 500 micron beads (Fig. 18B), oatmeal grain (Fig. 18C), and 200 micron beads (Fig. 18D).
Example 1: Expandable device design.
The expandable device is intended to capture tissue, such as i.e., esophageal cell tissue, and/or deliver drugs to a tissue by delivering abrasive strips to a target location via nasal or oral route. The device includes a catheter and expandable device, which is passed through the nose or mouth and guided to the target tissue. The abrasive strips are covered during the device insertion and removal by a unique design which hides the abrasive surface in internal folds of the expandable device. As the device is delivered through the body lumens the expandable device is maintained in a deflated form. It is then expanded IX, 2X, 3X or 4X or more of its original size when the target tissue is reached. Because of this higher expansion requirement medical grade silicone Dow C6-530 was selected for expandable device manufacturing.
Although the medical grade silicone provides highly desirable expansion properties, it is very slippery and does not stick to many substrates. Bonding silicone is extremely challenging. Additionally the elongation property of the silicone and abrasive strips is very different. Silicone is very flexible and has very high elongation however the flexible polyoiefin abrasive strip has very low elongation. Due to a significant difference in the elongation properties between the two materials it was challenging to bond them to gather and ensure device performance and size specification.
Applicant was able to solve this problem based on several surprising advances. If the abrasive strips were bonded to a silicone expandable device when the expandable device was deflated then it restricted the expandable device inflation. If the abrasive strips were bonded to the expandable device when the expandable device was inflated then it restricted expandable device deflation and some of the strips remained exposed to the outer surface.
In order to avoid these problems, abrasive strips were broken into specific length and size prior to bonding with the silicone expandable device, and the expandable device was inflated to 15 to 17 mm during the strip bonding process. To ensure symmetrical inflation to three times from its original nominal diameter with the abrasive strips along with maintaining maximum tissue contact area for abrasive strip and ensuring abrasive strips will be covered inside the balloon fold. Expandable devices shown in Figs. 13 and 15 provide successful examples of a pattern of the strips.
Example 2: Comparison of different expandable device/strip configurations and materials.
Several less desirable configurations were developed in order to design the optimal device for probing the lumens of the body and extracting tissue or delivering drugs to a subject. Figs. 14A-14E show photographs of failed attempts to create an expandable device having a substantially cylindrical shape with strips that would have maximal exposure to the tissue in the body.
In order to eliminate any risk associated with potential biocompatibility using medical grade silicon, Dow C6 -530 with Med 3-4800-7 blue color pigment was selected as a material for the expandable device.
In view of the difficultly associated with bonding anything to medical grade silicone, we first focused on bond integrity between the expandable device and the abrasive strips. Four studies were run to test the use of Loctite SI 4902, a flexible fast curing adhesive to bond the strips to the blue expandable device.
A first example involved an expandable device made using MM P/N 017561 Rev C and 84 abrasive strips MM P/N 017592 Rev A and bonded using Loctite SI 4902. The bond joint initially held up but bond integrity started degrading over time at room temperature (22 degree Celsius). The strips fell off and uncured adhesive was observed underneath them.
After trying a few other cynoacrylic adhesive options, Loctite SI 5055 UV cure adhesive proved to be successful. In order to use a UV cure adhesive either a clear expandable device and/or clear abrasive strips is important to ensure UV light penetration. A semi-clear expandable device was obtained and tested with Loctite SI 5055. The assembled expandable device was put through the following tests: a) Multiple cycles of inflation/deflation.
b) Skin Rub test.
c) Tracking and scraping movement in a simulated esophageal cavity set up (15 mm and 20mm tube submerged in water)
d) deflated expandable device passed through simulated mouth to esophagus curve to
observed its traction This expandable device assembly performed very well even under the worst-case scenario. All bonds stayed intact.
After rigorous testing, the Loctite SI 5055 UV cure adhesive was selected as an important adhesive.
The strip length, location, and number of strips was investigated. Initially device assembly time with a total of 84 strips was very high (5-6 hours). The purpose of the study was to achieve process optimization by:
a) Reducing labor hours to bring down cost/device
b) Using less material if possible
c) Getting optimal results as per the User needs (provide sufficient abrasion while the balloon is open, and no abrasion while the balloon is closed/deflated)
Design: Two 52mm long abrasive strips per fold. The construct is shown in Fig. 14A Result: The expandable device wrinkled upon closing the balloon exposing the abrasive strips. This configuration was not desirable as the abrasive surfaces should be hidden until the balloon is inflated. Strip delamination was also observed as it was a challenge to get enough adhesive under the strips.
Design: Two 42mm long abrasive strips per fold in the center:
Result: The expandable device wrinkled upon closing the balloon exposing the abrasive strips. This configuration was not desirable as the abrasive surfaces should be hidden until the balloon is inflated. The constructs are shown in Figs. 14B and 14C. Test Case 3:
Design: Four 25mm long abrasive strips per fold on each side:
Result: The expandable device assumed a diamond shape upon 20mm inflation. This configuration was not desirable as in this shape abrasive strips do not get maximum contact surface area with the tissue cells. The construct is shown in Fig. 14D.
Design: Two 25mm long abrasive strips per fold in the center:
Result: The expandable device assumed a dumbbell shape upon 20mm inflation. This configuration is not acceptable as in this shape abrasive strips would not come in contact with the tissue cells. The construct is shown in Fig. 14E. Unlike these failed constructs, the expandable device shown in Fig. 15 has a desirable conformation and is a successful device according to the invention. It has a cylindrical or sausage shaped body with tapered ends.
This invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including," "comprising," or "having," "containing," "involving," and variations thereof herein, is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Each of the foregoing patents, patent applications and references is hereby incorporated by reference.
a catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end,
an expandable device positioned over at least a portion of the outer surface, wherein when the expandable device is inflated it has a substantially cylindrical shape with tapered ends, and wherein when the expandable device is deflated the outer surface has internal folds and external folds, wherein a textured surface is present on one or more internal folds of the outer surface and is not present on one or more external folds, and wherein the textured surface is comprised of 1-50 strips of a tissue collection material on each internal fold.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the textured surface is comprised of 2-50 strips of a textured material on each internal fold.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the tissue collection surface is comprised of 3-9 strips of a textured material on each internal fold.
4. The device of any of claims 1-3, wherein each internal fold includes 2 side walls and a bottom wall and wherein 3 strips of textured material are present on at least one the two side walls and/or the bottom wall of each internal fold.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein each of the 3 strips are arranged linearly with a space between strips.
6. The device of claim 4, wherein two of the 3 strips are 8-15 mm in length and the third strip is 15-29 mm in length.
7. The device of claim 4, wherein two of the 3 strips are 10 mm in length and the third strip is 25 mm in length.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the strip of 25 mm in length is positioned between the two 10 mm strips.
9. The device of any of claims 2-8, wherein the strips are made of a clear material.
10. The device of any of claims 2-8, wherein the strips are polyolefin low profile hook strips.
11. The device of any of claims 1-10, wherein the textured surface is a tissue collection surface.
12. The device of any of claims 1-10, wherein the textured surface is a drug delivery surface.
13. The device of any of claims 1-10, wherein the textured surface is an abrasive surface.
14. The device of any of claims 1-13, wherein the expandable device is made of a clear material.
15. The device of claim 14, wherein the expandable device is made of a medical grade silicone.
16. The device of claim 15, wherein the strips are attached to the expandable device using a light cure Loctite 5055.
17. The device of any of claims 1-16, wherein the expandable device has 10-15 internal folds.
18. The device of claim 17, wherein the expandable device has 12 internal folds.
19. The device of claim 18, wherein each internal fold has 2 walls bonded to 1 or more strips.
20. The device of claim 19, wherein the expandable device has 24-84 strips bonded on internal folds.
21. The device of claim 19, wherein the expandable device has 36 strips bonded on internal folds.
22. The device of any one of claims 1-21, wherein when the expandable device is inflated all of the strips are exposed to the surface and arranged for contact with tissue.
23. The device of claim 22, wherein at least 80% of the surface of the inflated expandable device is cylindrical.
24. The device of claim 22, wherein at least 85% of the surface of the inflated expandable device is cylindrical.
25. The device of claim 22, wherein at least 90% of the surface of the inflated expandable device is cylindrical.
26. The device of claim 22, wherein at least 95% of the surface of the inflated expandable device is cylindrical.
27. The device of any one of claims 1-26, wherein when the tapered ends are elliptical in end shaped.
28. The device of any one of claims 1-27, wherein 30%-90% of the internal folds have a textured surface.
29. The device of any one of claims 1-27, wherein 50%-80% of the internal folds have a textured surface.
30. The device of any one of claims 1-27, wherein 30%-40% of the internal folds have a textured surface.
31. The device of any one of claims 1-30, wherein the internal folds are 40-60 mm in diameter, 0.5-3 mm in height and 0.05-0.2 mm depth; or wherein the internal folds are 50 mm in diameter, 1 mm in height and 0.1 mm depth.
32. The device of any one of claims 1-31, wherein the internal folds have blunt end walls which are perpendicular to side and bottom walls of the internal fold.
33. The device of any one of claims 1-32, further comprising a visualization device, optionally a camera, positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device.
34. The device of claim 33, wherein the camera is a 1.4 mm camera.
35. The device of claim 33, wherein the visualization device further comprises a video processor unit to process a signal received from the camera and to provide video output to a receiver.
36. The device of claim 32, wherein the video processor unit further comprises a fiber coupled light source.
37. The device of any one of claims 1-36, wherein the catheter body has at least three lumens, each having a distal opening at a distal end of the catheter, the first lumen having a distal opening within the expandable device, the second and third lumens having a distal opening distal to the expandable device.
38. The device of any one of claims 1-36, further comprising a handle positioned at the proximal end of the catheter.
39. The device of claim 12, wherein the drug delivery surface is coated with an agent.
40. The device of claim 39, wherein the agent is a therapeutic agent, diagnostic agent, or imaging agent.
41. A triple lumen expandable device, comprising
a catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end and optionally a handle positioned at the proximal end, one or more regions of the outer surface, an expandable device positioned over at least a portion of the outer surface, wherein when the expandable device is deflated the outer surface has internal folds and external folds, wherein a tissue collection surface is present on one or more internal folds of the outer surface and is not present on one or more external folds, wherein the catheter body has at least three lumens, each having a distal opening at a distal end of the catheter, the first lumen having a distal opening within the expandable device, the second and third lumens having a distal opening distal to the expandable device.
42. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 41, further comprising a visualization device, optionally a camera, positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device.
43. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 41 or 42, wherein the device is a cytology device for the collection and retention of tissue samples from within an individual.
44. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-43, wherein the first lumen is a hollow compartment for transferring a gas or liquid to the expandable device to inflate the expandable device.
45. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-44, wherein the expandable device is a balloon.
46. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 45, wherein the balloon has an outer surface sized to fit within an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum.
47. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 45, wherein the balloon is made of latex, silicone elastomer, butadiene/acrylonitride copolymers, copolyesters, ethylene vinylacetate (EVB) polymers, ethylene/acrylic copolymers, ethylene/propylene copolymers, polyalkylacrylate polymers, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polyisoprene,
polyurethane, styrenebutadiene copolymers, and styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene, polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof.
48. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 45, wherein the balloon has one or more inflatable compartments.
49. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 45, wherein the balloon has a shape selected from the group consisting of round, conical, oblong, cylindrical, elliptical, and tissue specific.
50. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-49, wherein the tissue collection surface is an abrasive surface.
51. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 50, wherein the abrasive surface is a coating of particulate.
52. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 51, wherein the particulate is made of silica, a biocompatible plastic, a biopolymer, or a combination thereof.
53. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 50-52, wherein the tissue collection surface is on alternating internal folds.
54. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 50-53, wherein the tissue collection surface forms a pattern on the outer surface of the inflated expandable device.
55. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 50-52, wherein the tissue collection surface is not present on any external folds.
56. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 50-52, wherein the tissue collection surface is present on all internal folds.
57. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-56, wherein the expandable device is coated with an agent.
58. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 57, wherein the agent is coated internal folds of the expandable device.
59. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 57 or 58, wherein the agent is a therapeutic agent, diagnostic agent, or imaging agent.
60. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-59, wherein the second lumen is a flushing channel.
61. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-60, wherein the third lumen is a camera channel, optionally with an open distal end or a transparent covering over the distal opening.
62. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 42, wherein the camera is positioned on the end of the third lumen.
63. The triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-62, wherein the distal opening of the second lumen is positioned proximal to the distal opening of the third lumen.
64. The triple lumen expandable device of claim 52, wherein the camera has an anti- mucous coating.
65. A method of collecting tissue from an individual, comprising:
(a) advancing a triple lumen expandable device of any one of claims 41-64, wherein the expandable device is deflated within a body lumen of an individual to a tissue collection site;
(b) expanding the expandable device at the tissue collection site to unfurl at least some of the folds so that the tissue collection surface contacts tissue of the body lumen;
(d) deflating the expandable device; and
(e) removing the deflated device from the individual.
66. The method of claim 65, wherein the body lumen is selected from the group consisting of pharynx, larynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, nose, throat, trachea, and esophagus.
67. The method of claim 65 or 66, wherein the step of collecting tissue involves rotating the expandable device.
68. A disposable multiple lumen device, comprising
a flexible catheter body having an outer surface sized to fit within a body lumen and extending distally from a proximal end to a distal end, wherein the catheter body has at least two lumens, each having a distal opening at or near the distal end of the catheter, wherein the first lumen is a hollow compartment for transferring components from the proximal to distal ends of the catheter, the second lumen being a flushing channel,
a visualization device, optionally a camera, positioned on the catheter distal to the expandable device, and
a light source in proximity to the visualization device.
69. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 68, further comprising a handle fixed to the proximal end of the flexible catheter body.
70. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 69, wherein the handle includes a housing that encloses a steering mechanism comprising a rotating toothed gear.
71. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 70, wherein the handle housing contains a control element, wherein a portion of the control element is exposed to a proximal end of the handle such that the control element can be manipulated single-handedly.
72. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 70, wherein the flexible catheter body is detachably and directly connected at its proximal end to a distal end of the handle and includes at least one guide wire disposed therein, wherein the at least one guide wire extends from the proximal end of the flexible catheter body and is constructed to fit into a distal end portion of the steering mechanism housed in the handle such that the at least one guide wire can be manipulated by the steering mechanism to move the flexible catheter body in one of at least four different directions.
73. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 69-72, wherein the handle does not include any gears.
74. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 69-72, wherein the handle is disposable.
75. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 69, wherein the handle is not detachably fixed to the flexible catheter body.
76. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 68-75, further comprising a third lumen, wherein the third lumen is a hollow compartment for transferring a gas or liquid to an expandable device attached to the catheter body, to inflate the expandable device.
77. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 76, wherein the expandable device is a balloon.
78. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 68-77, wherein the catheter body has an outer surface sized to fit within an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum.
79. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 68-78, wherein the catheter body is made of silicone elastomer.
80. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 68-79, wherein the first lumen is constructed and arranged to deliver a therapeutic agent, diagnostic agent, or imaging agent to a tissue selected from the group consisting of an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum.
81. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 68-80, wherein the visualization device is a camera which is positioned near the end of the second lumen.
82. The disposable multiple lumen device of claim 81, wherein the camera has an anti- mucous coating.
83. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 76-82, further comprising an insufflation valve positioned on the handle housing and operably connected to the third lumen.
84. The disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 70-82, further comprising an irrigation/suction valve positioned on the handle housing and operably connected to the second lumen.
85. A method of treating an individual, comprising:
(a) advancing a disposable multiple lumen device of any one of claims 68-84 into a tissue selected from an esophagus, pharynx, larynx, trachea, urethra, bladder, colon, cervix, or duodenum of the individual;
(b) visualizing a delivery site in the tissue using the visualization device and light source;
(c) treating the delivery site by delivering through the first lumen of the catheter body an agent or a surgical instrument to the delivery site in order to treat the individual; and
(d) removing the disposable multiple lumen device from the individual.
86. The method of claim 85, wherein the agent is a therapeutic agent, a diagnostic agent or an imaging agent.
87. The method of claim 85 or 86, wherein the step of treating the delivery site involves the delivery of both an agent and a surgical instrument.
PCT/US2017/032463 2016-05-12 2017-05-12 Multiple lumen device WO2017197297A1 (en)
US201662335209P true 2016-05-12 2016-05-12
US62/335,209 2016-05-12
US201662367670P true 2016-07-28 2016-07-28
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WO2017197297A1 true WO2017197297A1 (en) 2017-11-16
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