Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US4041954?dq=patent:+7360079
Timestamp: 2017-12-11 13:52:38
Document Index: 388517691

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 49', 'art 52', 'art 49', 'art 52', 'art 49', 'art 49', 'art 52', 'art 49', 'art 52', 'art 49']

Patent US4041954 - System for detecting information in an artificial cardiac pacemaker - Google Patents
System for detecting information in an artificial cardiac pacemaker by using energy supplied from the outside of the pacemaker. An energy supplying device supplies energy to the pacemaker from the outside. An energy receiving device in the pacemaker receives the energy. An energy changing device changes...http://www.google.com/patents/US4041954?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4041954 - System for detecting information in an artificial cardiac pacemaker
Publication number US4041954 A
Application number US 05/575,129
Priority date May 7, 1974
Also published as DE2520387A1
Publication number 05575129, 575129, US 4041954 A, US 4041954A, US-A-4041954, US4041954 A, US4041954A
Inventors Yuichi Ohara
Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (179), Classifications (11)
US 4041954 A
An object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved system for detecting information concerning the operation of an artificial cardiac pacemaker and which is extremely low in power consumption.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one form of system for detecting information about an artificial cardiac pacemaker according to the invention;
Referring now to FIG. 1, a system for detecting information about an artificial cardiac pacemaker according to the invention comprises an energy supplying means 1, an energy receiving means 2, an information generating means 3, an energy changing means 4, an information transmitting means 5 and an indicating means 6.
An energy receiving means 12 is provided in the pacemaker "A" and receives the energy from the energy supplying means 11. The receiving means 12 converts the received energy into predetermined energy as occasion demands. A part "a1 " of the energy through the receiving means 12 is carried to an information generating means 13, which generates information "b". The information signal "b" is carried to an energy changing means 14. The changing means 14 receives the other part "a2 " of the energy through the receiving means 12, and changes it to an information energy signal "c" according to the information "b". The information energy signal "c" is carried to an information transmitting means 15. The transmitting means 15 converts information energy signal "c" into a suitable form of energy "d" which can be transmitted to the outside of the pacemaker "A". The energy "d" is transmitted to an indicating means 16. The indicating means 16 so indicates the information in the pacemaker that one can understand it through the five senses.
The energy receiving means 2 or 12 has a resonance circuit comprising a coil 29 for receiving the electric wave or alternating magnetic field transmitted from the energy supplying means 1 or 11 and a capacitor 30. The inductance of the coil 29 and the capacitance of the capacitor 30 are so determined that the circuit resonates with the electric wave or alternating magnetic field. The high frequency energy is induced in the coil 29, and accordingly, high frequency voltage is induced between both ends of the coil 29. The induced high frequency voltage is rectified in a half-wave rectifier comprised of diodes 31 and 32, and the rectified voltage is charged in a capacitor 33 for storing up energy. The higher potential end of the capacitor 33 is connected to the emitter of a transistor 34 of PNP type for performing a switching operation. The collector of the transistor 34 is connected to an output terminal 2T1 of the energy receiving means 2 or 12. The common connecting point 35 between the diodes 31 and 32 is connected to the base of the transistor 34 and an end of a resitor 36. The other end of the resistor 36 is connected to the line 37 that joins the lower potential end of the capacitor 33 with the other output terminal 2T0 of the energy receiving means 2 or 12.
While an electric wave or alternating magnetic field is being radiated from the transmitter 28, the potential of the higher side of the capacitor 33 is lower than the potential of the common connecting point 35 by the corresponding value owing to the threshold voltage of the diode 32. Consequently, in the transistor 34, the potential of the base becomes higher than the potential of the emitter; this makes the transistor 34 in the state of OFF, so that the output terminal 2T0 and 2T1 generate no output.
The energy receiving means 2 or 12 has a pick-up part 49a and an output part 52b. The pick-up part 49a has a resonance circuit including a coil 50 and a capacitor 51. The inductance of the coil 50 and the capacitance of the capacitor 51 are so determined that the circuit resonates with the electro-magnetic wave. The output part 52b has a transformer 53, and gives the power induced in the pick-up part 49a to the energy changing means 4 or 14 and the information generating means 13 through the output terminals 2T1 and 2T0, without storing the power.
The pick-up part 49e has a dynamo 91 which comprises a movable piece of iron 92 and a coil 93, and a capacitor 94. The inductance of the coil 93 and the capacitance of the capacitor 94 are so determined that the circuit resonates with the high-frequency energy from the dynamo 91. The output of the output part 52 is carried to the energy changing means 4 or 14 and the information generating means 13 through output terminals 2T1 and 2T0, in a similar manner to that in the embodiment of FIG. 3.
FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the energy supplying means 1 or 11 similar to that in FIG. 7 which generates mechanical vibration, and the energy receiving means 2 or 12. The energy receiving means 2 or 12 has a pick-up part 49e similar to that in FIG. 7 and an output part 52 including a transformer 95. The electric power induced in the pick-up part 49e is directly carried to the energy changing means 4 or 14 and the information generating means 13 through the transformer 95 and output terminals 2T1 and 2T0, without being stored.
An embodiment of the information generating means 3 or 13 is illustrated in FIG. 11. The circuit generates an information signal as to whether the battery output in the pacemaker is above a predetermined e.m.f. In FIG. 11, batteries 111 are in the pacemaker "A" and are connected to bleeder high resistances 112 and 113 which are connected in series. The node between the bleeder resistances 112 and 113 is connected to the gate terminal of an N-channel Junction FET 114. The source terminal of the FET 114 is connected to the higher potential line 115 which joins the positive terminal of the batteries 111 with an output terminal 3T0 of the information generating means 3 or 13. The drain terminal is connected to the base of a transistor 116 of PNP type which operates as a switch. The collector of the transistor 116 is connected to the higher potential line 115, and the emitter is connected to the other output terminal 3T1 of the information generating means 3 or 13. The output terminals 3T1 and 3T0 send the information signal to the energy changing means 4 or 14.
While the batteries 111 produce the desired e.m.f., the gate voltage in the FET 114 is lower than the pinch-off voltage. The FET 114 is, therefore, in the state of OFF, and the impedance between the drain and the source is high. Consequently, the transistor 116 carries no current and is in the state of OFF, so that no output appears on the output terminals 3T0 and 3T1.
When the e.m.f. of the batteries 111 is gradually decreased in accordance with the consumption of the batteries and the gate voltage of the FET 114 becomes higher than the pinch-off voltage, the impedance between the source and the drain is decreased, so that the FET 114 becomes in the state of ON. According to the ON state of the FET 114, the base current of the transistor 116 begins to flow, so that the transistor 116 becomes in the state of ON. The output of the transistor is supplied to the energy changing means 4 or 14 through the output terminals 3T0 and 3T1 as the information signal.
The line 124 is connected to the base of a transistor 126 which operates as a switch. The line 125 is connected to the collector of the transistor 126 and an output terminal 3T0 ' of the information generating means 3 or 13. The emitter of the transistor 126 is connected to the other output terminal 3T1 ' of the means 3 or 13.
When one the battery's e.m.f. of batteries 121 becomes lower than the predetermined value, the gate potential of the FET 122 corresponding to the battery 121 rises as against the source potential and the gate voltage becomes higher than the pinch-off voltage. Consequently, the FET 122 turns to the ON state and the transistor 126 turns state ON too. The output in the ON state of the transistor 126 is supplied to the energy changing means 4 or 14 through the output terminals 3T1 ' and 3T0 ', as the information signal of the information generating means 3 or 13.
Each of these means will be explained in detail. Each input terminal 4T1, 4T0, for the received energy is respectively connected to the output terminal 2T1, 2T0 of the energy receiving means 12.
The information generating means 13 is made to operate by a part of the received energy supplied through the line 132 that branches from the higher potential line 130 connected to the input terminal 4T1, and through the line 133 that branches from the lower potential line 131 connected to the input terminal 4T0. Between the higher potential line 130 and the lower one 131, two capacitors 134 and 135 are connected in series. Such capacitors 134 and 135 have a function similar to that of the energy changing means 14. The common connecting point 136 between the capacitors 134 and 135 is connected to an output terminal of the information generating means 13 through a line 137. The other output terminal of the information generating means 13 is connected to the lower potential line 131 through a line 138.
FIG. 18 shows another embodiment of the energy changing means 14 and the information transmitting means 15. The transmitting means 15 has a light emitting diode 182. When the information signals generating means 13 generates information through output line 183 and 184, the information signal makes a transistor 185 turn ON, so that a transistor 186 is also placed in a turned ON-state. Consequently, the light emitting diode 182 is made to emit light by the energy given through the input terminals 4T1 and 4T0. The indicating means 16 which has a photoelectric element, e.g., a photocell or CdS, for receiving the light from the light emitting diode 182. The indicating means 16 receives electric signal through the photoelectric element and indicates the information in the pacemaker by a lamp, a buzzer or the like.
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U.S. Classification 600/510, 128/908
Cooperative Classification H02J50/15, H02J50/30, H02J50/12, A61N1/3787, A61N1/37247, Y10S128/908