Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2016080775A/en
Timestamp: 2019-10-16 10:13:13
Document Index: 145987097

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 502', 'art 105', 'art 201', 'art 202', 'art 203', 'art 300', 'art 407', 'art 501', 'art 503']

JP2016080775A - Display element and portable information device using the same - Google Patents
Display element and portable information device using the same Download PDF
JP2016080775A
JP2016080775A JP2014209533A JP2014209533A JP2016080775A JP 2016080775 A JP2016080775 A JP 2016080775A JP 2014209533 A JP2014209533 A JP 2014209533A JP 2014209533 A JP2014209533 A JP 2014209533A JP 2016080775 A JP2016080775 A JP 2016080775A
JP2014209533A
JP6451979B2 (en
2014-10-11 Application filed by Ｎｌｔテクノロジー株式会社, Nlt Technologies Ltd filed Critical Ｎｌｔテクノロジー株式会社
2014-10-11 Priority to JP2014209533A priority Critical patent/JP6451979B2/en
2016-05-16 Publication of JP2016080775A publication Critical patent/JP2016080775A/en
2019-01-16 Publication of JP6451979B2 publication Critical patent/JP6451979B2/en
2034-10-11 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
G09G2300/0495—Use of transitions between isotropic and anisotropic phases in liquid crystals, by voltage controlled deformation of the liquid crystal molecules, as opposed to merely changing the orientation of the molecules as in, e.g. twisted-nematic [TN], vertical-aligned [VA], cholesteric, in-plane, or bi-refringent liquid crystals
In a display element capable of performing a display operation on both sides of a display element, the display operation is not always performed on both sides, but switching to a display on only one side as necessary is performed by a backlight or other light emission. Provided is a display element that performs without lowering body efficiency.
A planar light-emitting body 103 capable of displaying in both planar directions, and dimming elements 101 and 2 capable of electrically switching between a light reflection state and a light transmission state from the outside are provided in the light reflection state. By having a configuration in which a direction to be a light reflecting surface is sandwiched toward the planar light emitter and further sandwiched by two liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b, a light emitting direction is generated by a voltage applied to the light control element. Can be switched on only one side or both sides.
The present invention relates to a display element. More specifically, the display element is characterized in that the light emission direction of the display element can be electrically switched only in the first surface, only in the second surface, or in both directions. Furthermore, the present invention includes the display element, so that the user can switch the light emission direction from the display element regardless of the mounting state and the usage state of the display unit. It relates to the information device.
Currently, liquid crystal elements are widely used for flat display elements. As a product to which this liquid crystal element is applied, it is used in various fields such as a smartphone, a portable game machine, a tablet, a notebook PC, and a television receiver.
However, a flat display element that has been put into practical use displays only from the front side of the two surfaces of the display element (assumed to be the front side and the back side), and performs a display operation on the back side. It cannot be done (Fig. 8). Although FIG. 8 shows the case where a liquid crystal element is used, in the case of a liquid crystal element, there is a backlight 802 behind the liquid crystal element 801, and the liquid crystal element 801 is irradiated with light from the backlight 802 to perform a display operation. Therefore, the display direction (light emission direction 804) is only from one side.
Since the display element emits light only in one direction as described above, application products using such a display element are designed on the assumption that light is emitted from one side. For example, among products classified as portable information terminals such as smartphones and tablets, information terminals (hereinafter referred to as a slate type, see FIG. 2A) in which one side of the product is configured with a substantially full display element are generally used as character input devices. Because it does not have a keyboard, it is not good at applications involving input work. As another form of design, there is a design that is generally employed in portable notebook PCs to perform keyboard-oriented input. In the information terminal of this design (hereinafter referred to as clamshell type, see FIG. 2B), the display unit and the main unit are usually folded so that they face each other, and the display unit is opened when necessary. When this clamshell type design is used, the display part must be opened in order to use it, so it is not suitable for use in any posture, such as a slate type. Use on the premise.
As mentioned above, the slate type and clamshell type have their pros and cons, but products that combine the best of both are also in practical use. For example, a keyboard as an input device is placed on the slate type cover. There is a product that adopts the structure to be used (when Logico Ultrathin Keyboard Cover [TK710] is attached to Apple's iPhone / iPad). However, when used in such a configuration, the heavy body part may stand up and become unstable, causing problems such as falling down during use. Not suitable.
On the other hand, in the case of the clamshell type, if it is used like the slate type, it is necessary to rotate the display unit 180 degrees by some means. In order to have such a form, the following structure has been proposed.
1) A structure having two hinges, that is, a hinge for opening from a closed state and a hinge for rotating the display unit 180 degrees. (ThinkPad X220 Table manufactured by Lenovo)
2) A structure having two hinges so that the display unit is opened from the closed state, and the display unit is opened so as to be wound around the back side of the main body unit. (Panasonic Let's Note AX2)
3) A structure in which the display unit is rotated by providing a hinge at the end of the main unit and the central part of the display unit (VAIO Duo 11 manufactured by SONY)
In any of the above cases, there is an increase in at least one hinge of a complex mechanism that maintains strength while passing electrical signals therein. Moreover, since it cannot be denied that the configuration is unreasonable compared to a simple clamshell portable portable terminal, there are concerns that the strength is reduced and the failure probability is increased. Further, since a small amount of a hinge having a complicated structure is used, the cost increases.
These problems are because the light emitting direction of the display element used in the display unit is only on the surface side, and when a slate type and clamshell type are used together, a mechanism for rotating the display unit is essential. There is to be.
In order to solve this problem, based on the clamshell type, the light output from the display unit is emitted not only on the front side but also on the back side, so that the display unit is superimposed on the main unit (slate state) However, it is possible to make the display visible to the user even in a state (clamshell state) in which an input device such as a keyboard mounted on the main body is used by causing the display.
As a liquid crystal element that can be observed from either the front side or the back side of such a display element, Patent Document 1 proposes a double-sided liquid crystal element having a structure in which a backlight is sandwiched between liquid crystal elements.
FIG. 9 shows a basic conceptual diagram in a case where light is emitted from both the front side and the back side. FIG. 9 shows a basic structure in the case where a liquid crystal element is used. The backlight 902 is centered and the liquid crystal elements 901a and 901b are sandwiched. By adopting such a structure, the first liquid crystal element panel 901a and the second liquid crystal element panel 901b share one backlight by transmitting the light of the backlight 902 disposed in the central portion. It is possible to perform the operation of emitting light to both sides (light emission direction 904).
Furthermore, as another background art, an element capable of switching between a transmission state and a light reflection state has been proposed. As such an element that can be electrically switched between a light transmission state and a light reflection state, the existence of a light control mirror (hereinafter referred to as a light control element) is known.
This light control element is basically based on the structure shown in FIG.
The principle of this light control element was discovered by Professor Griesen of the Free University of Amsterdam as described in Non-Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 2. The principle of operation is that a rare-earth metal thin film such as yttrium (Y) or lanthanum (La) becomes transparent when combined with hydrogen, and changes to a metallic luster (mirror state) when hydrogen is released. Since palladium acts as a catalyst when the hydrogen is taken in and out, a very thin palladium layer is provided on the surface of the rare earth metal thin film.
This light control element uses hydrogen gas to switch between the transparent state and the mirror surface state. However, in order to use it as an electronic device, it is necessary to carry out hydrogen in and out of the metal layer without using hydrogen in the gas state. . In addition, since rare earth metals are inefficient, development of other metal films has been promoted thereafter.
The structure disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 realizes an all-in-one light control device by adopting a structure that allows hydrogen atoms to be taken in and out of the magnesium / nickel alloy layer without using gas. It is an example. Non-Patent Document 1 describes that a magnesium / titanium alloy or a magnesium / niobium alloy can also be used as the metal layer. This dimming element requires several seconds to change its state, but its state changes with a direct current of about 5 V, so it can operate even under conditions where a high voltage cannot be supplied, such as a portable information device. It is. Further, when changing the light reflection direction, which is one of the objects of the present invention, a state change time of about several seconds is not a problem.
As a conventional example in which such an all-solid-state light control element is applied to a display device, there is an example in which Patent Document 3 applies a transflective liquid crystal element. Patent Document 3 is configured as a reflective liquid crystal element. Therefore, the direction of the mirror when the light control element is in the reflection mode faces the viewer. As another example, Patent Document 6 describes an example in which display in both directions can be switched using a light control element. In the structure of Patent Document 6, a liquid crystal element is arranged at the center, and a light guide plate (a member for emitting light in a planar shape by guiding the light of the LED at the end) so as to sandwich the liquid crystal element. And a dimmer element. With this configuration, it is possible to guide light in any direction of both display elements. Furthermore, although it is different as an application, Patent Document 4 discloses a device for switching information display and a state used as a mirror for an observer to see his / her face by arranging a light control element as a cover glass of a display element. ing. Patent Document 4 is to provide a mirror function by blocking the display by being arranged on the surface. Furthermore, although not applied to a display device, there is Patent Document 5 as a conventional example used as a projection display screen in a scattering reflection-transmission configuration. This Patent Document 5 is a combination of a scattering-transmission type element and a reflection-transmission type light control element.
Japanese Patent No. 4806215 US Pat. No. 5,635,729 JP 2004-279669 A JP 2004-258400 A JP 2012-173449 A JP 2003-35893 PR
Kazuaki Yoshimura, "Creation of a light-controllable mirror glass with excellent energy-saving properties", Applied Physics 79, pp.628-632 (2010) Kazuaki Yoshimura, "Basics and Applications of Smart Window & Dimming Mirror", Electronic Journal 1376th Technical Seminar (2012) J. N. Huiberts, et al., "Yttrium and lanthanum hydride films with switchable optical properties", Nature 380, pp.231-234 (1996)
The first problem of the background art is that an information leakage problem occurs and energy efficiency is poor. That is, in Patent Document 1 referred to above, a display unit having a structure in which light is emitted from either the front side or the back side is obtained, but when the display unit having this structure is used, the light from the display unit is Since the light is always emitted from the front side and the back side, it becomes possible for a third party to see from the direction not used by the user, and there is a problem of information leakage. This problem has been solved by stopping the display by the liquid crystal element on the side where the display is not desired (black display) or by using the physical screen to prevent the unnecessary side from being displayed. Even so, there is a problem in that half of the light energy goes to the side that is not used, and the light energy is absorbed and wasted.
The second problem of the background art is that, even when a dimming element is used as a countermeasure to the first problem, the light emission direction from the display unit is changed to the front side and the back side according to the use scene of the observer. It is a point that it is not possible to switch to the high quality display.
In Patent Document 3, the direction of the mirror when the light control element is in the reflection mode is directed to the observer side. Since a plurality of light control elements are not applied, the display direction cannot be switched. Light cannot be selectively emitted in either the front side or the back side. Further, in the configuration of Patent Document 3, since it is a transflective type, it has a structure in which a light control element and a backlight are combined. However, the liquid crystal element portion of Patent Document 3 is placed on the opposite side through the backlight. Even in the arrangement, the direction of the light reflection surface when the light control element is in the reflection mode faces the observer side. Even if the light control element is in the reflection mode due to its characteristics, both surfaces do not reflect light like a mirror, and blue color is exhibited on the opposite side to the mirror surface direction. This is because even if the light control layer becomes transparent, there are various thin film layers below the light control layer, and therefore, sufficient light reflection cannot be obtained on the side opposite to the mirror surface. Therefore, even if the same liquid crystal element is disposed on the opposite side of the backlight with this structure, sufficient characteristics cannot be obtained.
Further, in the structure of Patent Document 6, since the liquid crystal element part is arranged in the center and the backlight part is arranged so as to sandwich the liquid crystal element, light diffusion in the transmissive state cannot be taken into consideration, and it is difficult to see the display using only the straight light. It has become a form. In addition, when the display is performed simultaneously in the front direction and the back direction, if a correct image is obtained when viewed from one side, the image viewed from the other side becomes a mirror image, which is a problem. In order to obtain a good display, it is necessary to make the light emitted from the light guide plate diffusive, but in order to diffuse the light emitted from the backlight, a material that diffuses on the surface of the light guide plate is applied. Or a scattering sheet is required. When the diffusion sheet is arranged in parallel with the panel surface of the liquid crystal display element, the light from the back surface is blurred because the transmitted light is diffused. If the display image is incident from the back, it is synonymous with viewing the image through the ground glass, so it is not always practical and difficult to see. As a transparent light guide plate, it is possible to project light by forming a wedge shape on the surface of the light guide plate like the shape of the light guide plate used as an illumination device (front light) of a reflective liquid crystal element. There are also various shapes (called wedge-type light guide plates). In this case, since the reflected light is diffused by the scattering reflection function of the reflective liquid crystal element, an easy-to-view display can be obtained. However, since the light from the wedge-type light guide plate is also less diffusive, even if such a wedge-type light guide plate is used in the structure of Patent Document 6 that does not use a reflective liquid crystal element, the transmitted light feels natural. There is no change in the display being difficult to see. Furthermore, in this structure, since two light guide plates that are relatively heavy are used, there is a problem that the structure is heavier than using two liquid crystal element panels.
On the other hand, Patent Document 4 is to provide a mirror function by blocking the display by being arranged on the surface. Patent Document 5 is a combination of a scattering-transmission type element and a reflection-transmission type light control element. For this reason, even with these two technologies, it is impossible to perform high-quality display by switching the light emission direction from the display unit to the front side or the back side according to the use scene of the observer.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to solve these problems by changing the light emission direction from the display unit on the front side, back side, and in some cases depending on the usage scene of the observer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device that can arbitrarily switch the dual emission and does not deteriorate the display quality. Finally, it is an object of the present invention to provide a portable information device that has a simple mechanism and reduces the possibility of failure.
The display element of the present invention is formed into a planar shape like the basic structure shown in FIG. 1, and is a planar light emitter (hereinafter referred to as a backlight) that can emit light in both directions of the surface. ), Two light control elements that are arranged so as to sandwich the planar light emitter, and can be electrically switched between a light reflection state and a light transmission state from the outside, and further, the planar light emitter and the outside 2 liquid crystal elements arranged so as to sandwich the light control element, and the light control element can switch the light emission direction only on one side or both sides by the voltage applied to the light control element. As a result, the display direction can be arbitrarily switched.
By using this structure, when the user wants to view the display from the front side, the dimming element arranged on the front side is set to the transmission mode, and the dimming element arranged on the back side is set to the reflection mode. Therefore, if you want to see the display from the back side, the dimming element arranged on the front side is set to the reflection mode, and the dimming element arranged on the back side is set to the transmission mode, so that it emits in an unnecessary direction. It is possible to guide the user to the user side.
The planar light-emitting body used for the display element of the present invention has, for example, a dotted cloudy portion or a non-uniform refractive index portion in a portion other than the surface, and a light source is disposed beside the planar light-emitting body.
The light control device used for the display device of the present invention uses a planar light emitter as a substrate, and is provided in the order of a reflective light control layer, a catalyst layer, a solid electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a transparent electrode from the planar light emitter side. Yes.
In addition, by using the display element according to the present invention, the display luminance is not lowered, there is no fear of information leakage due to display operation in an unnecessary direction, and there is no fear of falling due to the heavy weight of the display portion. It is possible to provide a portable portable information device in which a display unit capable of sharing a shell type and a slate type is mounted.
According to the present invention, it is possible to perform display on each of the front surface side and the back surface side with one display element, and it is possible to provide a display element that can arbitrarily determine the direction in which the display is performed. Become. In addition, a portable portable information device mounted with a display element according to the present invention can be switched between a slate type and a clamshell type with a simple configuration, and does not require weight reduction or a complicated hinge portion. Cost can be reduced. In addition, since light is not emitted in an unnecessary direction, it is possible to reduce power consumption and prevent information leakage.
It is sectional drawing which shows the basic structure of the display part which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the straight form of the portable portable information terminal structure which mounted the display part which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the clamshell form of the portable portable information terminal structure which mounted the display part which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the layer structure of the light modulation element which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the preparation method and structure of a backlight using the light control element which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the method of creating a cloudy part using a laser inside a light-guide plate in the light-guide plate using the light control element which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is drawing when the direct type backlight is applied as a light source in the structure of the backlight using the light control element which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is drawing when the surface emitting type thing is applied as a light source in the structure of the backlight using the light control element which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional flat display element. It is sectional drawing which shows the propagation of the light in a prior art example.
The first embodiment of the present invention has a structure using the liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b shown in FIG. The following description will be given based on FIG.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a backlight unit 103 is arranged at the center, and two liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b are arranged so as to sandwich the backlight. The light control element 101 has a structure in which a surface that becomes a light reflection side when the light control element is set in the light reflection mode between the backlight unit 103 and the liquid crystal elements 104 a and 104 b is arranged toward the backlight unit 103.
The light control element 101 can be switched between a light transmission mode and a light reflection mode by applying a voltage. The applied voltage is a DC voltage, and the light transmission mode and the light reflection mode can be switched by inverting the polarity. This switch mechanism is the voltage control units 105a and 105b. The light control mirror is in a light reflection mode when a positive voltage is applied to the light reflection surface side, and is in a light transmission mode when a negative voltage is applied to the light reflection surface side. The voltage applied at this time is about 1 V in both the positive voltage and the negative voltage (the voltage may be turned off after completion of the reaction).
Accordingly, in the case of FIG. 1, since the voltage control units 105a and 105b apply a negative voltage to the light reflecting surface side, both the light control elements arranged on either the liquid crystal element 104a side or the 104b side enter the light transmission mode. Therefore, the light from the backlight unit 103 is in a state of being transmitted through the dimming element 101 on each side and emitted to the outside from the liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b. Therefore, in this state, it is possible to observe the display from either side.
Connected to the voltage control unit 105a when the voltage control unit 105a or 105b is switched to change the direction of the applied voltage, for example, when the voltage applied from the voltage control unit 105a to the light reflecting surface is changed to the plus side. Since the light control element 101 thus changed to the light reflection mode, the light from the backlight unit 103 does not reach the liquid crystal element 104a, and the display cannot be seen on the liquid crystal element 104a side. This makes it possible to switch between a state where the display is viewed from both sides and a state where the light can be viewed only from one side.
In the configuration of the present embodiment, in order to confirm the above state, the light control element 101 formed on the glass is inserted between the backlight 103 and the liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b. Confirmed.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the light control element 101 in detail, and was created by the following procedure. A glass substrate 301 was used as a base substrate. On this glass substrate 301, ITO was deposited as a transparent conductive film 302 by a sputtering method to a thickness of 100 nm, tungsten was targeted as an ion storage layer 303, and oxygen was introduced into the atmosphere and sputtered to create a WO 3 layer deposited at a thickness of 1000 nm. . Then, hydrogen introduction processing is performed using sulfuric acid to form an H: WO3 layer. Further, 400 nm was formed thereon by oxygen-introduced reactive sputtering using a Ta target as the solid electrolyte layer 304, and 4 nm of palladium (Pd) was deposited thereon as the catalyst layer 305, followed by deposition using magnesium and nickel as targets. Thus, the reflection light control layer 306 was formed. However, as an alloy of magnesium and nickel used as a target at this time, by arranging the target in a block or strip shape in which the area of one target is finely divided at a ratio of magnesium 1: nickel 2, both metals can be used once. This was carried out using a target that could be made into an alloy in the vapor deposition process.
The dimming element 300 created as described above was produced by arranging the reflective dimming layer 306 facing the backlight 103 as the dimming element 101 of FIG.
In the present embodiment, it is possible to switch the light emission direction between the front side and the back side by using a light control element, but the light control element 101 generally cannot perform switching as fast as a liquid crystal element, and for switching A certain amount of time (several seconds) is required.
Therefore, it may be possible to emit light in both directions while switching the light emission direction, and it may be possible to shock the observer due to unexpected light leakage. In order to avoid this, it is desirable to perform control so that light is not emitted in any direction during the period of switching the light emission direction.
A sequence example of switching the light control element based on such an idea will be described below.
1) Start of switching of display direction 2) Two liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b arranged so as to sandwich the backlight unit 103 are both displayed in black.
3) Start of change of the state of the light control element 101 (switch the voltage of the voltage control unit 105a or 105b arranged in the direction in which light is desired to be emitted. For example, if display is desired on the 104a side, the voltage control unit 105a (The light reflecting surface side of the connected dimming element 101 is switched to the minus side, while the light reflecting surface side of the dimming element 101 to which the voltage control unit 105b is connected is switched to the plus side.)
4) End of state change of the light control element 101 5) Start of display operation of the liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b on the side where the light control element 101 is set to the transmission state. In the example of (3) above, the display operation of the liquid crystal element 104a is started. )
6) The display operation of the liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b on the side where the dimming element 101 is in the reflecting state is stopped (in the example of 3 above), the display operation of the liquid crystal element 104b is stopped. Although the power consumption increases somewhat, there is no particular problem even if the black display is maintained. )
7) End of sequence The backlight may be turned off at the time of switching as follows.
1) Start of switching display direction 2) Stop light emission of backlight 103, start display operation of one or both of liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b in the direction to be displayed 3) Start change of state of dimming element 101 (emits light) For example, if display is to be performed on the 104a side, the light reflection surface side of the light control element 101 to which the voltage control unit 105a is connected is set to the negative side. On the other hand, the light reflection surface side of the light control element 101 to which the voltage control unit 105b is connected is switched to the plus side.)
4) End of state change of dimmer 101 5) Start of light emission of backlight 103 6) End of sequence
Note that the above sequence is an example, and what is necessary is that light should not be emitted from the display unit to the viewer while the state of the light control element 101 is changing. Further, in some cases, the state of the backlight 103 and the liquid crystal elements 104a and 104b may be left as they are. For example, the light control element in the transmission state may be changed to the reflection state and the other light control element may be switched to the transmission state. . In addition, the time during which the state of the dimming element 101 is changing and the time during which the state is changing, such as displaying a specific pattern on the display unit, are actively used to improve design and advertising effectiveness. You can also think about how to use it.
In the present embodiment, a mode in which the thickness is reduced by integrating the light control element 101 and the backlight unit 103 that are mounted alone in the first embodiment will be described.
However, in this configuration, there is a mechanism for guiding the light transmitted through the light guide plate constituting the backlight 103 to the outside even if the light control element 101 is simply formed on the backlight 103. Since it disappears, it cannot be used as a backlight. In this embodiment mode, the backlight 407 is formed by the method shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 shows a diagram describing a manufacturing method of the backlight 407 employed in the present embodiment. The method of creating the light control element 401 is different from that of the first embodiment in that the substrate is made of an acrylic material from glass and the film formation order of each film shown in FIG. 3 is reversed when forming the light control element part. . That is, each film was formed on the acrylic substrate 403 in the order of a reflection light control layer, a catalyst layer, a solid electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a transparent conductive film. The method for forming each film is the same as in the first embodiment. In this embodiment mode, the surface of the acrylic substrate 403 on which the light control element portion is formed is a flat surface without any irregularities. Two sheets of light control elements 401 are prepared on the acrylic substrate 403 by the above manufacturing method, and the white ink 402 is printed on the surface of the one acrylic substrate opposite to the surface on which the light control elements 401 are formed. Is applied in a predetermined shape. Thereafter, the substrate on which the white ink 402 is formed and the substrate on which the white ink 402 is not formed are overlapped so that the light control element portion faces outward, and the gap 404 is filled with the adhesive 404. Here, a thermosetting adhesive 404 that is cured at a relatively low temperature was used. However, the same effect can be obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays with the light-modulating element in a transmissive state using an ultraviolet curable adhesive. Moreover, it is possible to obtain the same effect even if they are bonded using a pressure-sensitive adhesive (pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet) typified by the 3M OCA sheet regardless of the adhesive.
The backlight 407 created in this way has a structure in which the light control element 401 sandwiches the light guide plate part created by overlapping. When the dimming element 401 is a mirror surface, the light emitted from the light source 405 travels while being totally reflected in the light guide plate portion 408, and when the white ink 402 is present on the traveling axis, the diffused and totally reflected condition is lost and the substrate surface To the outside. In the case of the present embodiment, it was confirmed that the light intensity would be high near the light source because light that was originally out of the total reflection condition would be reflected by the dimming element 401. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), a certain distance from the light source (in this embodiment, 5 mm is used, but the longer it is, the light outside the total reflection condition disappears better). It is important to obtain light uniformity as a backlight. Since the same thing occurs at the end portion, it is desirable that the light control element 401 is not formed in the vicinity of the end portion as well (for example, a structure like the non-mounting portion 406 is preferable. Even if the mounting unit 406 is not provided, there is no problem in the operation as a backlight.)
A display unit having a structure as shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured using the backlight 407 provided with the light control element layer on the surface prepared as described above instead of the backlight 103. (At this time, a diffusion sheet, a condensing sheet, and the like are arranged between the backlight portion and the liquid crystal element portion in the same manner as a normal liquid crystal element, but they are not shown as they are not essential requirements of the present invention. The display operation can be performed very efficiently by controlling the state of the light control element on the front side and the back side so that the liquid crystal element on the outgoing light side is in the active state and the liquid crystal element on the opposite side is in the light shielding state. Was confirmed. It was also confirmed that the same display was possible from the opposite surface by using a liquid crystal element with a reverse configuration.
In the above configuration, the white light is printed on the central portion of the light guide plate and pasted, thereby breaking the total reflection condition of the light totally reflected in the light guide plate portion 408 and realizing light to be emitted to the outside. However, FIG. 5 shows a method of creating a cloudy part by a laser spot that forms a cloudy part in the central part using a laser or the like from the outside of the acrylic plate used as the light guide plate. In this case, the cloudy part 502 was created in the bulk part of the transparent light guide 503 by condensing and irradiating the laser light 501 from the outside through the condenser lens 504 to the bulk part of the transparent light guide 503 made of acrylic. There was no difference in operation even when the product thus produced was used in place of the light guide in FIG.
Furthermore, although the example which used the acrylic board as a material which comprises a light-guide body part was demonstrated in this Embodiment, the effect of this invention is not restricted to an acrylic board, If it is plate shape and transparent, it will be an inorganic material It can be applied to any organic material.
In the structure of FIG. 4, the light source is disposed beside the light guide plate, and the light emitted from the light source is subjected to multiple reflection inside the light guide plate, and a part thereof is emitted to the outside, thereby obtaining a planar light source. Although the so-called side light type structure has been described, the light source is not limited to the structure as shown in FIG. 4, but operates as a planar light source by disposing the light source 603 inside the light source housing 602 as shown in FIG. A direct light source that can be used may be used. In this case, the light control element 601 is disposed so as to sandwich the light source housing 602 with the light reflection surface facing the light source housing 602 side when the light control device is in the reflection mode.
Moreover, you may use the light source which light-emits itself planarly like an EL element as a light source. When such a light source is used, as shown in FIG. 7, a surface light emitter element 702 (for example, an EL element) is disposed in the middle, and the light control element 701 is in a reflection mode. It may be arranged so that the light reflecting surface is sometimes sandwiched so as to be on the surface light emitter element 702 side.
In these structures, a sheet group such as a diffusion sheet and a condensing sheet is disposed between the portion constituting the planar light source unit and the liquid crystal element unit in the same manner as a normal liquid crystal element. It is not shown because it is not an essential requirement of the present invention. In addition, this sheet group is not only disposed between the light control elements 401, 601, 701 and the liquid crystal element, but may be located between the light control elements 401, 601, 701 and the light source housing 602. There is no.
As a liquid crystal element used in this embodiment mode, a normally black type (represented by IPS (In Plane Switching) or VA (Virtual Alignment)) is used to block light when no voltage is applied. It becomes possible to suppress extremely. In addition, when the polarization directions of the polarizing plates provided on the backlight side of the liquid crystal element are orthogonal to each other so that the liquid crystal element can be observed from both, direct sunlight or the like is applied to the liquid crystal element from the outside. Can be prevented from exiting from the opposite surface, and deterioration of image quality is suppressed.
The third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2B.
FIG. 2B is a configuration diagram of a portable information terminal in which the display unit created in the second embodiment and the first embodiment is mounted. The portable information terminal according to this embodiment includes a display unit 201 and a main body unit 202, and has a configuration in which both are connected by a hinge unit 203 (the display unit and the main body unit are separated and connected wirelessly). It may be in shape).
The portable information terminal of FIG. 2 equipped with the display unit according to the present invention can mount main parts such as a battery, a power supply device, and a keyboard that are large and heavy on the main body 202. In addition, the display unit 201 can be substantially composed of only the display element and a member for ensuring strength, and thus can be reduced in weight. Furthermore, since the display unit according to the present invention can selectively display on the front side and the back side, when the display unit and the main body are overlapped, the display on the back side is enabled and the slate form is enabled. It becomes possible to operate with. In this case, the input is close to only an instruction by touching the screen, but if the main purpose is to secure information, this form is sufficiently useful.
Further, when the display unit 201 is raised from the main body unit 202 and used, the display on the front side becomes effective. The switch used for switching at this time is installed at the hinge portion connecting the display unit 201 and the main body unit 202, and the display switching sequence as described in the first embodiment is started from the event that the display unit 201 is raised. To work. On the other hand, since it is necessary for the operator to specify the state in which light is emitted in both directions, in the first embodiment, software or a separately prepared switch (whether a hard switch or a soft switch) is operated. The display is switched by operating the display switching sequence as described above.
By providing the switching mechanism in this way, the display unit 201 is raised from the main body unit 202 so that an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse pad provided in the main body unit 202 can be used. There is an advantage of being. In addition, since the parts that are heavy in weight are stored in the main body 202, there are many advantages such that the center of gravity can be lowered and the risk of falling can be avoided.
In the embodiment of the present invention, active elements such as TFT (3-terminal element, 2-terminal element) are not described in the drawings. However, the effect of the present invention is that the display element is an active type. It is irrelevant whether it is passive, and the presence or absence of an active element is not essential, and is omitted. Therefore, it goes without saying that the effect of the present invention does not deteriorate depending on whether the driving method of the liquid crystal element is active driving or passive driving.
Examples of the use of the present invention include liquid crystal display devices used in notebook PCs, tablet terminals, smartphone type terminals, mobile phones, digital cameras, liquid crystal televisions, and the like.
101 Light control element 103 Backlight (planar light emitter)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 104a Liquid crystal element 104b Liquid crystal element 105a Voltage control part 105b Voltage control part 201 Display part 202 Main body part 203 Hinge part 300 Light control element 301 Glass substrate 302 Transparent electrically conductive film
303 ion storage layer
304 Solid electrolyte layer
305 Catalyst layer
306 Reflective light control layer
401 Light control element 402 White ink 403 Acrylic substrate 404 Adhesive 405 Light source 406 Non-mounting part 407 Backlight 408 Light guide plate part 501 Laser beam 502 Cloudy part 503 Transparent light guide 504 Condensing lens 601 Light control element 602 Light source housing 603 Light source 701 Light control element 702 EL light emitting unit 801 Liquid crystal element 802 Backlight 804 Light emission direction 901a, 901b Liquid crystal element 902 Backlight 904 Light emission direction
A planar light emitter that is formed in a planar shape and can emit light in both directions of the surface, and a light reflection state and a light transmission state that are arranged so as to sandwich the planar light emitter. Two light control elements that are electrically switched, and two liquid crystal elements disposed so as to sandwich the planar light emitter and the light control element outside the light control elements, A display element having a function of switching a light emitting direction only on one side or both sides by a voltage applied to the light adjusting element and arbitrarily switching a display direction.
2. The display according to claim 1, wherein the dimming element is provided in the order of a reflective dimming layer, a catalyst layer, a solid electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a transparent conductive film from the planar light emitter side. element.
The said planar light-emitting body has a point-like cloudiness part in parts other than the surface of the said planar light-emitting body, and has comprised the light source beside the said planar light-emitting body. 3. The display element according to 1 or 2.
The planar light emitter has a structure in which a pair of planar transparent bodies are bonded together, has a white ink portion on one surface of one planar transparent body, and the surface on the other surface. A dimming element, the dimming element on one surface of the other planar transparent body, and the adhesive or The display element according to claim 1, wherein the display element is bonded with an adhesive.
5. The display element according to claim 1, wherein a normally black liquid crystal mode is used as the liquid crystal element.
When the display device having the display element according to claim 1 is a display portion, and a portion including the input device is a main body portion, when the display portion and the main body portion are overlapped, the outside of the display portion The portable information is controlled so that light is emitted in a direction in which the display unit is raised, and when the display unit is raised from the main body unit, the display unit is controlled so that the display can be performed in a direction inside the display unit. apparatus.
JP2014209533A 2014-10-11 2014-10-11 Display element and portable information device using the same Active JP6451979B2 (en)
JP2014209533A JP6451979B2 (en) 2014-10-11 2014-10-11 Display element and portable information device using the same
US14/879,230 US10036932B2 (en) 2014-10-11 2015-10-09 Display element, backlight and portable information device using the display element
CN201510654843.8A CN105511157A (en) 2014-10-11 2015-10-10 Display element, backlight and portable information device using the display element
JP2016080775A true JP2016080775A (en) 2016-05-16
JP6451979B2 JP6451979B2 (en) 2019-01-16
ID=55655368
JP2014209533A Active JP6451979B2 (en) 2014-10-11 2014-10-11 Display element and portable information device using the same
US (1) US10036932B2 (en)
JP (1) JP6451979B2 (en)
CN (1) CN105511157A (en)
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