Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2324158C2/en
Timestamp: 2020-07-04 13:42:02
Document Index: 345962916

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 5', 'art 2', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2']

RU2324158C2 - Pressure measuring device - Google Patents
Pressure measuring device Download PDF
RU2324158C2
RU2324158C2 RU2003136831/28A RU2003136831A RU2324158C2 RU 2324158 C2 RU2324158 C2 RU 2324158C2 RU 2003136831/28 A RU2003136831/28 A RU 2003136831/28A RU 2003136831 A RU2003136831 A RU 2003136831A RU 2324158 C2 RU2324158 C2 RU 2324158C2
RU2003136831/28A
RU2003136831A (en
Мартин МАСТ (DE)
Мартин МАСТ
Бертольд РОГГЕ (DE)
Бертольд РОГГЕ
Масуд ХАБИБИ (DE)
Масуд Хабиби
Ральф КАЙЗЕР (DE)
Ральф КАЙЗЕР
2002-06-22 Priority to DE10228000.2 priority Critical
2002-06-22 Priority to DE10228000A priority patent/DE10228000A1/en
2003-05-07 Application filed by Роберт Бош Гмбх filed Critical Роберт Бош Гмбх
2005-04-20 Publication of RU2003136831A publication Critical patent/RU2003136831A/en
2008-05-10 Publication of RU2324158C2 publication Critical patent/RU2324158C2/en
229910000679 solders Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
190004488928 cobalt-nickel iron Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
SUBSTANCE: device has a semiconductor pressure sensor mounted inside a case. Detectors and membrane on which pressure is incident are located on the first side of the case, while on the reverse side of the first, there is a cavity which runs up to the membrane. The pressure sensor is directly soldered to the structural part of the device. The first part of the pressure transmission channel and the cavity are connected. The through hole on the first side of the case is covered by a connecting pipe. The structural part inside the case is connected to the connection pipe through the through hole.
EFFECT: measurement of high pressure exceeding 70 bars.
The present invention relates to a pressure measuring device having a semiconductor pressure sensor mounted in a housing.
Such a device for measuring pressure is known, for example, from the application DE 10014992 A1. The device for measuring high pressure described in this application uses a recessed measuring cell made of metal as a pressure sensor. Sensing elements and a measuring membrane are made on one of the sides of this metal measuring cell. On the reverse - second - side, the measuring cell is connected by welding to the connecting pipe of the pressure measuring device. A processing circuit is located on a separate printed circuit board or on a hybrid IC, which is electrically connected to sensitive elements located on the upper side of the measuring cell. A device of this design also allows measuring high pressures in excess of 140 bar.
In another known device for measuring pressure, which is described, in particular, in the application DE 19731420 A1, a silicon crystal is used as a semiconductor pressure sensor, on the upper side of which there are sensitive elements and a processing circuit and which is mounted on a glass crystal carrier. However, a pressure sensor of this type is used only to measure a relatively low pressure, not exceeding 70 bar, since internal stresses arising under the action of a higher pressure can lead to cracking of the glass or silicon crystal.
Based on the foregoing, the basis of the invention is the creation of an improved device for measuring pressure with a semiconductor pressure sensor installed in the housing, capable of measuring high pressure in excess of 70 bar, with the lowest possible transmission of thermomechanical stresses to a semiconductor pressure sensor vulnerable to cracking.
This task in accordance with the invention is solved by a device for measuring pressure, primarily for measuring high pressure, having a semiconductor pressure sensor installed in the housing, on the first side of which there are sensing elements and a pressure-sensing membrane, and on the second side of which is opposite to its first side, there is a recess extending from this second side thereof to the pressure-sensing membrane. The semiconductor pressure sensor with its edge portion surrounding the recess on the second side is directly soldered with a solder layer to the supporting part in which the first portion of the pressure supply channel is formed, so that this first section of the pressure supply channel and the depression communicate with each other.
According to the invention, in order to avoid damage to the semiconductor sensor directly soldered to the bearing part, and therefore connected to the bearing part by a connection capable of withstanding high pressure, from the outside of the first housing part of the pressure measuring device body having a through hole, a connecting a nozzle, and a bearing part located in the housing is connected to a connecting nozzle, for example by laser welding, passing through the aforementioned Fuss hole.
The main advantage of the device for measuring pressure proposed in the invention is the possibility of using its pressure sensor with a semiconductor crystal, the sensitive elements located on its upper side and, for example, additionally, the processing circuit is made in the form of an integrated circuit (IC) for measuring high pressure exceeding 70 bar. Another advantage of the invention is the ability to avoid the cost of isolating the sensitive elements from the metal measuring cell provided for conventional high pressure sensors known from the prior art. The advantage associated with the placement of the processing circuit and the sensitive elements on the same semiconductor chip is the ability to achieve a high degree of integration with the pressure measuring device. In this case, the advantage associated with the direct soldering of the semiconductor crystal to its surrounding, the recess made in it by the edge portion to the carrier part, in which the first portion of the pressure supply channel is made communicating with the indicated recess, is to obtain a reliable connection capable of withstanding high pressure between these semiconductor crystals and carrier part.
So, in particular, according to one of these options, the pressure sensor can be made integral of a semiconductor material, for example silicon. It is most preferable to perform the pressure sensor in the form of a multilayer structure, consisting of a first semiconductor structure equipped with a pressure-sensitive membrane and sensitive elements and firmly and motionlessly connected to it through the zone of their connection and a second semiconductor structure soldered to the supporting part. The presence of a second semiconductor structure makes it possible to almost completely prevent the transfer of thermomechanical loads to sensitive elements and the occurrence of stresses caused by such loads and thereby avoid damage to them. As a result, it is possible to increase the reliability and durability of the device for measuring pressure. The first and second semiconductor structures can preferably be made of silicon. Moreover, the zone of their connection can be formed by the eutectic zone of gold and silicon.
In order to avoid the appearance of thermal stresses between the semiconductor chip and the supporting part, it is preferable that the solder layer has a lower temperature expansion coefficient than lead-tin solder, which is more consistent with the temperature coefficient of expansion of the semiconductor material. In this case, it is preferable to use, for example, AuSn20 solder.
The carrier part, in turn, is preferably made of a material whose temperature coefficient of expansion is consistent with the temperature coefficient of expansion of the semiconductor material of which the pressure sensor is made. The supporting part can be made, for example, from an iron-nickel alloy (Invar® alloy) or a cobalt-nickel iron alloy (Kovar® alloy).
The deepening in the semiconductor pressure sensor is most preferably performed by reactive ion etching (etching of the grooves). Such a method of making a depression in a semiconductor sensor avoids the formation of angular transitions in it between surfaces located in different planes and bends, where internal stresses are concentrated under high pressure, leading to cracking of the material.
The advantage associated with the execution of the side of the connecting pipe of the circular side facing the through hole, which from this side around the perimeter covers the outlet of the second section of the pressure supply channel made in this connecting pipe, and the presence of the incoming side of the supporting part with its facing the connecting pipe in the space of the nozzle bounded by this rim, in which the first section of the pressure supply channel passes, it is possible to further reduce the thermomechanics RP G voltage between the connecting pipe and the supporting part. In this regard, it is most preferable that the outer diameter of the nozzle provided by the supporting part is much smaller than the outer diameter of the supporting part, since in this case only a small area of their connection is formed between the supporting part and the connecting nozzle.
In another preferred embodiment, the pressure sensor, the supporting part and the lid put on it can be made in the form of a module, the lid and the supporting part forming a closing pressure sensor enclosure of this module, and the supporting part is provided fixed to it or made in one piece with it a nozzle in which the first section of the pressure supply channel passes. The advantage of the modular design is the ability to sort out pressure sensors recognized as defective during calibration even before they are installed in the actual pressure measuring device case.
Below the invention is described in more detail on the example of some variants of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:
figure 1 - proposed in the invention a device for measuring pressure, made according to the first embodiment and shown in longitudinal section,
figure 2 - depicted in figure 1 a device for measuring pressure in section by a plane II-II of figure 1,
figure 3 is an enlarged image of a fragment shown in figure 1 of a device for measuring pressure,
figure 4 is an enlarged image of a fragment of a device for measuring pressure, made in another embodiment,
figure 5 is made in the form of a module pressure sensor device for measuring pressure in accordance with another embodiment of the invention and
in Fig.6 - a device for measuring pressure with a pressure sensor located in its housing, made in the form shown in Fig.5 module.
Figures 1 and 2 show a pressure measuring device according to the invention, made according to the first embodiment. Such a pressure measuring device has a semiconductor pressure sensor 10, which is soldered to a carrier part 5 made in the form of a crystal holder. In more detail, this semiconductor pressure sensor soldered to a carrier part 5 is shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. The semiconductor pressure sensor 10 is preferably made in the form of a silicon crystal, on the upper side 15 of which sensing elements 12 are provided. The central part of the silicon crystal located on its upper side and overlapping the recess 14 made on its lower side performs the function of a thin pressure-sensitive membrane 11, deformation which, due to the pressure exerted on it, are detected by the sensitive elements 12. In addition to the sensitive elements 12, the semiconductor is on the upper side 15 Ikov pressure sensor 10 around the pressure receiving membrane 11 may further be arranged not shown in the drawing the processing circuit. The recess 14 is preferably carried out in a pressure sensor by reactive ion etching (etching of the grooves), which allows smooth transitions between the surfaces located in different planes on the inner walls of the recess 14 and to avoid the formation of angular, respectively sharp edges, on which under the influence of high pressure could occur cracking of material. The semiconductor pressure sensor with its surrounding recess 14, the edge portion 16a on the lower side 16 is directly soldered to the upper side 55 of the supporting part 5. This upper side 55 is surrounded by a circumferential edge 56 around the perimeter, providing centering of the pressure sensor 10.
To reduce thermal stresses between the semiconductor pressure sensor 10 and the supporting part 5, it is made of a material whose temperature coefficient of expansion is consistent with the temperature coefficient of expansion of silicon, preferably of iron-nickel alloy (Invar® alloy) or cobalt-nickel iron alloy (Kovar® alloy). The solder layer 13 connecting the semiconductor pressure sensor 10 and the supporting part 5, has an exceptionally low temperature expansion coefficient 30, which is preferably much lower than the temperature expansion coefficient of a conventional lead-tin solder. As such solder, it is most preferable to use AuSn20 solder. As shown in FIG. 3, the recess 14 communicates with a first portion 51 of the pressure supply channel located in the carrier part 5, through which the lower side of the pressure receiving membrane 11 facing the recess 14 can be pressurized.
In another embodiment, the semiconductor pressure sensor 10 has a first semiconductor structure 17, on the upper side 15 of which the sensing elements 12 are located and which, from its side facing away from the sensing elements 12, is connected to the second semiconductor structure 19. Both of these semiconductor structures can be made of silicon, with this zone 18 of their connection is preferably formed by a eutectic zone of gold and silicon. The second semiconductor structure 19, its side 16 facing away from the first semiconductor structure 17, is soldered to the carrier part 5. A particular advantage of this embodiment of the invention is that the second semiconductor structure acts as a protective layer for the first semiconductor structure. In this case, the thermomechanical loads are first transferred from the supporting part only to the second semiconductor structure. A related advantage is the protection of the sensing elements 12 and the pressure-sensing membrane 11.
As shown further in FIG. 1, a carrier part 5 made in the form of a crystal holder and its side facing away from the semiconductor pressure sensor 10 is laser-welded to a metal connecting pipe 4 made, for example, of stainless steel. This connecting pipe 4, which is made in the form of a threaded connection, is a separate part that is welded to the outer side 32 of the first metal casing 3 and thereby overlaps the central through hole 31 in this first casing 3. The side wall of the first casing 3 has the shape of the hexagon, as is most clearly shown in figure 2.
The bearing part 5, which is made approximately cylindrical in shape, has a smaller diameter compared to the diameter of the through hole 31. A pipe 52 is made on the side of the bearing part 5 facing the pressure sensor 10 and is centered on the first portion 51 of the pressure supply channel. The connecting pipe 4 with its side facing the through hole 31 has a circular side 42, which on this side around the perimeter covers the outlet made in this connecting pipe 4 of the second section 41 of the pressure supply channel. When assembling the supporting part 5 is inserted by its pipe 52 into the space bounded by the bead 42 and connected to it by welding. After that, the supporting part 5 can be inserted into the through hole 31 in the first case 3 and welding to connect the connecting pipe to the outer side 32 of the first case 3 in section 43. When the pressure measuring device is in operation, pressure is transmitted from the second section 41 of the pressure supply channel to the first its section 51, and from it into the recess 14 and in this way is brought to the bottom side of the semiconductor pressure sensor.
In the embodiment shown in this drawing, there is further provided a stamped flexible bent stamped part 6 which is welded to the reverse outer side 32 of the first body part 3 by the side of this body part. This bent stamped part 6 has an opening 61 through which the carrier part 5 passes. On the bent stamped part 6 with its side facing away from the first case part 3, there is a printed circuit board 7, or a hybrid IC, or other corresponding part, in which there is an opening 71, through which the carrier part 5 also passes. The semiconductor pressure sensor 10, not shown in the drawing, connected by micro welding by flexible metal conductors is connected to the conductive tracks 72 made on the printed circuit board 7. Contact The pads 73 of the printed circuit board 7 are connected by spring contact elements 9 to the electrical terminals 8 located in, for example, a second housing part 2 made of plastic, which is inserted into the bent stamped part 6. In the embodiment of the stamped part 6 shown in FIG. 1, when it is bent the stamp is shaped so that the upper side of the printed circuit board inserted into this bent stamped part of the printed circuit is approximately flush with the upper side of the pressure sensor 10. Electrical leads 8 extend from plug connector 23 into the housing 1 of the pressure measuring device. The outer section of the bent stamped part has a sectional shape of the groove 62 into which the cylindrical wall 22 of the second body part 2 enters. The sealing of the second body part 2 relative to the bent stamped part 6 is ensured by their interconnection with a hermetic adhesive joint in the groove 62. The first case part 3, the second casing part 2, the bent stamped part 6 located between them and the connecting pipe 4 together form a closed casing 1 in which the carrier part 5 and the pressure sensor 10 are located.
In another embodiment, the second body part 2 can also be directly connected to the first body part 3, in which case the bent stamped part 6 will be absent. In addition, the hole 61 in the bent stamped part 6 can be made of a larger diameter, this bent stamped part itself can be made ring-shaped, and the printed circuit board 7 can be installed on the first case part 3 so that this printed circuit board passes through the enlarged hole in the bent stamped part.
Figure 5 shows another embodiment of a device for measuring pressure. In this embodiment, the metal carrier 5 forms the bottom of the module housing, in which the semiconductor pressure sensor 10 is located. In this case, the semiconductor pressure sensor 10, similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, consists of two semiconductor structures, the second of which 19 is soldered in the recess 55 to the supporting part 5. In addition, through-holes 56 are made in the supporting part 5, in which there are glass passage insulators 63 into which the pin electrical leads 62 are fused. In the center of the supporting part 5 there is an opening 57 into which a tubular cylindrical pipe 52 is inserted, in which the first section 51 of the pressure supply channel extends. However, this pipe 52 can be made in one piece with the supporting part. The pressure sensor 10 is connected by microwelding, the flexible metal conductors 64 are electrically connected to the pin terminals 62. The carrier part 5 and the cover 61 mounted on it together form a closed module housing 66. In a preferred embodiment, in the volume enclosed between the cover 61 and the supporting part 5, it is possible to create a control pressure (for example, vacuum), in which case the pressure sensor 10 will measure the pressure difference between this control pressure and the pressure supplied from the other side.
The pressure sensor shown in FIG. 5, made in the form of a module 66, can be placed in the housing 1, as shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the module 66, in the form of which the pressure sensor is made, is mounted on the printed circuit board 7. The electrical leads 62 are connected with the conductive tracks of the printed circuit board 7, for example by soldering, and the pipe 52 is passed through an opening in the printed circuit board, inserted into the space bounded by the side 42 provided on the connecting pipe 4 of the housing 1, and similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, are connected to this side by welding.
The connecting pipe 4 is located on the first housing part 3. The second housing part 2, which is made of plastic, is connected to a metal sleeve 26 of approximately cylindrical shape protruding from the second housing part 2, the end of which has a bent edge 28 welded to the first housing part 3. Connecting the section between the metal sleeve 26 and the first housing part 2 is sealed with a hermetic adhesive connection 27. The electrical leads 8 pass through the second housing part 2 into the interior of the housing 1 and they are coupled to the printed circuit board 7. The cover 61 of the module 66, in the form of which the pressure sensor is made, is connected to the inside of the second body part 2 by an adhesive connection 67.
1. A device for measuring pressure, primarily for measuring high pressure, having a semiconductor pressure sensor (10) installed in the housing (1), on the first side (15) of which there are sensing elements (12) and a pressure sensing membrane (11) and with the second side (16) of which, on the reverse side of its first side, has a recess (14) extending from this second side (16) to the pressure-sensing membrane (11), the semiconductor pressure sensor (10) having an edge portion surrounding the recess (14) (16a) from the second side (16) is directly soldered by the solder layer (13) to the supporting part (5) in which the first section (51) of the pressure supply channel is made, so that this first section (51) of the pressure supply channel and the recess (14) communicate with each other characterized in that on the outside (32) of the first body part (3) of the body (1) having a through hole (31), a connecting pipe (4) overlapping this through hole (31) is fixed, and a carrier part located in the body ( 5) is connected to the connecting pipe (4), passing through the through hole (31).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting part (5) is connected to the connecting pipe (4) by welding.
3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the circular side (42) is made with the side of the connecting pipe (4) facing the through hole (31), which on this side around the perimeter covers the outlet made in this connecting pipe ( 4) of the second section (41) of the pressure supply channel, and the supporting part (5) with its side facing the connecting pipe (4) has a pipe (52) included in the space defined by this side (42), in which the first section (51) passes pressure supply channel.
4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer diameter of the nozzle (52) provided for the supporting part is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the supporting part (5).
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor (10) is made integral of a semiconductor material.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor (10) has a multilayer structure, consisting of a first semiconductor structure (17) equipped with a pressure-sensitive membrane (11) and sensitive elements (12) and firmly and motionlessly connected to it through the zone (18) of their connection and the second semiconductor structure (19) soldered to the supporting part (5).
7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first semiconductor structure (17) and the second semiconductor structure (19) are made of silicon, and the zone (18) of their connection is formed by a eutectic zone of gold and silicon.
8. The device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the solder layer (13) has a lower temperature coefficient of expansion compared to lead-solder.
9. The device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the temperature coefficient of expansion of the supporting part (5) is consistent with the temperature coefficient of expansion of the semiconductor material from which the pressure sensor (10) is made.
10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the solder layer (13) is made of AuSn20.
11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the supporting part (5) is made of a material whose temperature coefficient of expansion is consistent with the temperature coefficient of expansion of silicon, preferably of iron-nickel alloy or cobalt-nickel iron alloy.
12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (14) is made in the pressure sensor by reactive ion etching.
13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor (10), the supporting part (5) and the cover (61) put on it are made in the form of a module (66), while the cover (61) and the supporting part (5 ) form a closing pressure sensor (10) of the closed housing of this module, and the supporting part (5) is equipped with a pipe (52) fixed to it or made integral with it, in which the first section (51) of the pressure supply channel passes (Fig. 5 )
RU2003136831/28A 2002-06-22 2003-05-07 Pressure measuring device RU2324158C2 (en)
RU2003136831A RU2003136831A (en) 2005-04-20
RU2324158C2 true RU2324158C2 (en) 2008-05-10
RU2003136831/28A RU2324158C2 (en) 2002-06-22 2003-05-07 Pressure measuring device
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