Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/235/2356770.html
Timestamp: 2019-06-15 21:47:06
Document Index: 528851080

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 13', 'art 14', 'art 15', 'arts 13', 'art 17', 'art 15', 'art 17']

Bimetallic flanged brake shoe for locomotives and railmotor cars
The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to the brake equipment of the traction rolling stock, and can also be used on other modes of transport in brake systems.
Existing metallic and bimetallic brake pads railway locomotive and Kotovskogo rolling stock exhaust their friction and tribological properties at speeds of rolling stock up to 140 km/h due To launch in the Russian Federation new high-speed train existing pads do not withstand operating conditions, lose the coefficient of friction and dissolved in the melt of cast iron.
Known sintered pads of foreign production for high-speed rolling stock of railway transport, which due to the low viscosity and high fragility in the interaction with the surfaces of the friction wheels weight you get from the steel substrate placed on the back side of the pads, cracks, fishing, stratification, and as a result, the pads are destroyed, not worked out 5% of its life. Attempts mounting friction mass to the base plate by bolts, rivets, screws positive results do not occur to the same destruction, lost reliability and resource is Orozov.
Given the disadvantages of the known brake pads and the increased speed of the locomotive and Kotovskogo rolling stock up to 300 km/h and above, there is a need for new brake pads with high speed and, therefore, resistant qualities, providing allowable length of the braking path of the locomotive and Kotovskogo rolling stock in accordance with safety standards at the Federal railway transport NB VT TM 02-98.
Known brake pad on author. St. 1572889, VN 1/00, publ. 23.06.90 containing steel frame, cast-iron arched body, consisting of a main and profile plots made it a stream and is provided with inserts laid in rows in the body of the pad by the working friction surfaces, and ridge insertion profile area is made in the form of a cylindrical element with a longitudinal cut and installed in the Creek pads with the possibility of embracing and interaction with the crest of the wheel tread.
However, in the known technical solution inserts made of special cast iron with high hardness, and hence cause heavy wear surfaces of the wheels.
In addition, the execution of inserts of the main site prismatic, with a continuous friction surface, affects uprooted and contribute to the greater wear of friction pairs and reduce the braking force due to the reduction of the coefficient of friction.
The closest is the brake pad containing a steel frame, cast-iron arched body, consisting of a main and profile plots, made stream and provided with inserts. Insert laid in rows in the body of the pad by rubbing the surface, and the ridge of the insert profile plot is made in the form of a cylindrical element with a longitudinal cut and installed in the Creek pads. All inserts are made of ductile metal. Insert the main body of the pad is made of cylindrical shape and placed groups, inserts are more abrasive than the abrasive body pads (Patent No. 2153994, IPC 7 VN 1/00, F16D 65/04, 69/00, bull. No. 22, 10.08.2000).
A disadvantage of the known brake pads is the reduction of the braking effect at speeds over 140 km/h due to overheating inserts and reduced coefficient of friction. Block creates noise during operation.
In this block, as shown, due to the cyclic interaction of the ridge band profile plot pads, equipped grivnevymi inserts, there are thermodynamic processes that contribute to the occurrence of transverse cracks along the entire length of the ridge, passing in a transverse cracks of the wheel tread of the traction rolling stock.
The present invention is to provide a new design the pads, providing reliable and effective braking at high-speed driving mode with resources pads and wheels, as well as the improvement of manufacturing techniques of brake pads with inserts.
This object is achieved by the following set of features of the claimed invention.
Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars contains steel plate, cast iron arched body, consisting of a main and profile plots made it a stream. The body is provided with friction elements in the form of cylindrical inserts. Insert the main plot pads embedded in the body of the pad by rubbing the surface where the two groups separated by a land without inserts RV Insertion profile area pads embedded in the stream. The material of the inserts has a greater abrasion than the material of body pads. Insert attached to a steel plate by welding. From the back side in the middle of the main body part of the pad has a cross flow hole klinovuyu check. The pad is made of casting iron in the form. On the back side of the main plot arc of the body pads provided on the edges of the installation of the thrust lugs of the T-shaped to mate with the brake Shoe and ribs in the form of treugolnikprint, linking basic and specialized areas. The stream profile section has a depth exceeding the height of the crest of the wheel tread by 0.85 thickness of the main site pads. The steel plate perform the whole or team consisting of two or three parts joined by welding. A steel plate covering the back of the pad that goes on the outer side wall of the profile section and it completely closes. A steel plate covering the main body part pads, covers iron cross tide and has openings in the side surface at the level of the holes in the tide under klinovuyu check. In a steel plate mounting holes for fixing inserts. Five metal inserts installed by rubbing the surface perpendicular to the outer side of the stream profile plot.
Team metal plate may consist of two parts, one part covers the curved back surface of the main site pads with cross tide and goes to the core plot pads, closing its upper part, the other part covers the outer side wall of the profile section.
Team metal plate may consist of three parts: the first part covers the curved back surface of the main site pads with cross tide, W heaven part covers the inner side wall of the profile section of the pad, closing its upper part, the third part covers the outer side wall of the profile section.
The centers of inserts specialized area placed sequentially along the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread or in a checkerboard pattern with an offset of 20 mm up and down relative to the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread, the centers of inserts are located at equal distance from each other along the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread, and the extreme insert removed from the ends of the pad 0.5 of the distance between the inserts.
The insert is made of steel or metals and their alloys and installed in the main body section of the pad in the number of 16-24 pieces.
The area R without inserts between groups of inserts is determined by the formula:
P=(0,17÷0,19)R,
where P is the size of the plot without inserts;
R - the full area of the working surface of the pad.
The diameter of the inserts specialized area equal to the diameter of the inserts of the main site and is:
D=Lk:(0,13÷0,17),
Lk- length pads, mm;
D - diameter of the inserts, mm
Length L1insert the main plot pads is:
L1=(0,84÷0,86)·H1,
H1- the thickness of the pads, mm.
Length L2cylindrical insert relevant section of the pad is:
L2=(0,7÷0,72)·H2,
H2the thickness of the side wall profile of a participant who and, mm
Inserts are welded to a steel plate from the back side through the mounting apertures of the welding machine.
The novelty of the proposed design is as follows.
- On the back side of the main plot arc of the body pads provided on the edges of the installation of the thrust lugs of the T-shaped to mate with the brake Shoe and ribs in the form of a triangular tides, linking basic and specialized areas. Ribs enhance the high profile area of the pad.
The stream profile section has a depth exceeding the height of the crest of the wheel tread by 0.85 thickness of the main site pads. High profile part with a deep stream ensures that the contact profile plot pads with the top ridge of the wheel tread almost to wear full pads, which excludes the occurrence of cyclic thermodynamic tension in the rim of the wheel tread and, consequently, the emergence of developing microcracks, prevents its destruction, increases its resource.
- Steel plate perform the whole or team consisting of two or three parts joined by welding.
- Steel plate covering the back of the pad that goes on the outer side wall of the profile section and completely closes it. This item is well positioned to significantly increase the strength of this area of the pads, providing the position of the pad relative to the wheel without slipping on the slope of the wheel tread, which affect a significant effort during braking.
- Steel plate covering the main body part pads, covers iron cross tide and has openings in the side surface at the level of the holes in the tide under klinovuyu check. Thus, the tide covered with a steel plate on the sides and top, which greatly increases the strength of a given node. Improves reliability of brakes, as the tide is protected against the ingress of snow and ice in the winter, which prevents its destruction.
- In steel plate mounting holes opposite the locations of the inserts. Inserts are welded to a steel plate from the back side through the mounting apertures of the welding machine. This allows precise positioning of the insert in the body of the pad, to prevent their displacement during the pouring of cast iron, which greatly reduces the defects in the manufacture and improves the quality of the pads.
In the stream profile section in its outer side wall by rubbing the surface there are five metal inserts, the axes of which are perpendicular to the outer side of the Creek pads, and the centers of inserts placed sequentially along the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread or in a checkerboard pattern with the shift of the m 20 mm up and down relative to the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread at an equal distance from each other along the arc, and extreme insertions removed from the ends of the pad 0.5 of the distance between the inserts. Inserts on the lateral surface of the profile plot are involved in counteracting the movement of the brake pads on the slope of the running surface of the wheel tread and provide balanced wear primary and profile plots.
Team metal plate may consist of two parts, one part covers the curved back surface of the main site pads with cross tide and goes to the core plot pads, closing its upper part, the other part covers the outer side wall of the profile section. Manufacturer of plate, consisting of separate parts, connected by welding, simplifies the technology of its production, without significant loss of quality.
Team metal plate may consist of three parts: the first part covers the curved back surface of the main site pads with cross-tide; the second part covers the inner side wall of the profile section of the pad, closing its upper part; the third part covers the outer side wall of the profile section.
Inserts made of steel or metals and their alloys and installed in the main body section of the pad in the number of 16-24 pieces.
- Formulas for determining: the phase space is without inserts P, the diameter of the cylindrical insert D, the length of the insert for the main plot of L1and the length of the insert for profile plot of L2. The ranges of the ratio entered in the claims, as a significant distinguishing features were established experimentally in the bench tests.
The design of the proposed pads can increase the reliability and efficiency by improving the strength and reliability of a design and production technology. Eliminates the possibility of cross thermodynamic cracks on the top ridge of the wheel tread and their subsequent development in the body of the wheel tread, which increases the life of the wheels of the rolling stock.
A steel insert in combination with a steel plate is greater than that in the prototype area, provide the best heat and cool the working parts of the main and profile plots pads.
The invention is illustrated by drawings, figure 1 is a-10.
Figure 1 shows the working of the pad.
Figure 2 shows the installation of the pad.
Figure 3 shows a cylindrical insert of the main site pads.
Figure 4 shows a cylindrical insert the side profile plot pads.
Figure 5 shows cross section a-a pad with solid metal is practical plate.
Figure 6 shows the view of the steel plate, consisting of three parts, with welding seams, welded pairs of inserts, the working party.
Figure 7 shows the view of the steel plate, consisting of three parts, with welding seams, with mounting holes for fixing inserts and technological casting holes, the back side.
On Fig shows cross section a-a pad with the team metal plate consisting of two parts, with the location of welding.
Figure 9 shows the one-piece metal plate with welded pairs of inserts, the working party.
Figure 10 shows a steel plate, consisting of two parts, with welding seam and holes, the back side.
Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars consists of a core 1 and core 2 plots made in the last stream 3. The main section 1 is equipped with friction elements in the form of inserts 4 of cylindrical shape. Insert 4 of the main section 1 pads embedded in the body of the pad by rubbing the surface where the two groups separated by a land without inserts R. brook 3 profile of site 2 pads laid insert 5. Insert 4 and 5 attached to a steel plate by welding. From the back side in the middle of the main section 1 of the body pad has poperen the th burst with 6 hole klinovuyu pin 7. The pad is made of casting iron in the form. On the back side of the main section 1 curved body pads provided on the edges of the installation resistant ledges 8 T-shaped to mate with the brake Shoe and the ribs 9 in the form of a triangular tides, linking primary 1 and profile 2 plots, placed in the hollow cavity of the Shoe.
Stream 3 profile of site 2 has a depth exceeding the height of the crest of the wheel tread by 0.85 thickness H1the basic plot 1 block. The steel plate 10 perform the whole or team of parts joined by welding (6, 7, 9, 10). The steel plate 10 covering the back of the pad that goes on the outer side wall profile of site 2 and it completely closes (Fig). The steel plate 10 is made of sheet steel stamping (Fig, 9). The steel plate 10 covering the basic plot 1 body pads, covers cross-tide is 6 and has openings 11 in the side surface at the level of the holes 7 in the tide 6 under klinovuyu check. In the steel plate 10 is made of a mounting opening 12 opposite the locations of the inserts 4 and 5. In stream 3 profile of site 2 in its outer side wall by rubbing the surface there are five metal inserts 5, the axes of which are perpendicular to the outer side of the stream is rofiling section 2, and the centers of inserts 5 are placed sequentially along the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread (Figure 1) or in a checkerboard pattern with an offset of 20 mm up and down relative to the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread at an equal distance from each other along this arc. Extreme insertion 5 removed from the ends of the pad 0.5 of the distance between the inserts.
Team metal plate may consist of three parts: the first part 13 covers the curved back surface of the main section 1 pads with cross tide 6. The second part 14 covers the inner side wall adjacent to the main plot 1 pads, and covers a core area 2 pads on top. The third part 15 covers the outer side wall profile of site 2. Parts 13 and 14 are connected through the weld And, as part of the 14 and 15 - using seam In (6,7).
Team metal plate may consist of two parts. One part 17 comprises an arcuate back surface of the main section 1 pads with cross tide 6 and goes to the core plot 2 pads, closing it from above (Figure 10). The other part 15 covers the outer side wall of the profile section 2 pads. Part 17 and 15 are connected by the weld bead Century, the Insert 4 and 5 are welded seam With a steel plate 10 and / or portions of the plates 13, 14, 15, or 15, 17 from the rear side through the mounting holes 1 are pairwise welding machine. Figure 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 shows the holes 16 for pouring iron.
Insert 4 of the main section 1 pads arranged in two groups separated by a land without inserts R. the Number of inserts 5 can vary from 16 to 24 pieces depending on the required resource blocks. Placing inserts in the group is performed in accordance with the grid coordinates, designed on the computer, so to ensure maximum overlap width of the rubbing surface of the pad inserts that provides a greater chance of catching the bully box width pads and minimal wear pads and uniform abrasion of the entire height of the pad across the surface, which affects the increase of resource blocks. Insert into groups can be accommodated in a checkerboard pattern or rows. Changing the position of the rows, namely the turn angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the pad inserts, it is possible to make the Shoe to different maximum speed braking.
The insert is made of plastic material - steel, having a higher abrasion than the material of the pad - iron. Also inserts can be made of metals and their alloys. The proposed placement of the inserts provides uniform contact pads with the wheel, preventing the wear transition wheelset to the ridge and excluding the "undercut the ridge.
The proposed bimetallic strip has a simple manufacturing technology. After stamping steel plate or welding of parts making it through the mounting holes 12 to the plate welding machine from the back side of the weld insert in pairs, the ends of the inserts 4 and 51/3overlap the area of the mounting hole 12. This allows precise positioning of the insert in the body of the pad to avoid bias in the casting of iron.
After the weld is formed package, which includes the steel plate and all inserts. The package is installed in a mold, and pouring molten cast iron, forming the body and one working surface of the pad with the profile plot and the protrusion for securing the pads in the brake Shoe. Not overlapped by the ends of the inserts part mounting holes contributes to a better distribution of iron during casting, which increases the quality of the casting.
The insert is made from a rod on squaring shear, and the formation of their package directly on the steel plate allows you to automate the entire process of manufacturing pads, including fill blanks with a melt of cast iron, and release the pads from the form that, in General, dramatically reduces the cost of the pads.
The length L1insert the main area of the pad is determined by the formula:
L1=(0,84÷0,86)·H 1,
The length L2cylindrical insert relevant section of the pad is determined by the formula:
H2the thickness of the side wall of the profile section, mm
To fast break pads on the configuration of the wheel all inserts are filled with a layer of iron 3÷4 mm, which is laid in the calculation of the length of the insert that provides reliable braking immediately after replacing pads. Then after break-in and the beginning of the joint work of the inserts with a cast iron body is better and more effective braking with minimal wear pads, which ensures its high resource.
The installation dimensions of the pads correspond to GOST 1597-58 or TU - TR - 453 78, and can also be carried out in accordance with any international standard.
The operation of the brake pads is made by pressing the Shoe and the running surface of the wheels of railway rolling stock.
During braking engagement of the brake pads with the rolling surface of the wheel tread occurs elastoplastic friction coefficient of 0.42÷0,1.
Conditions fuss is breath elastoplastic friction:
1. the body block is cast iron, hardness 197÷255 HBC;
2. insert the soft - steel, hardness 150 HBC;
3. the rolling surface of the wheel tread - steel, the hardness of 235 HBC;
4. the ultimate resistance of the pads is not lower than 950°C.
The proposed solution provides a significant increase in reliability and efficiency of the brakes by increasing the strength and reliability of a design and manufacturing technologies pads. Eliminates the possibility of cross thermodynamic cracks on the top ridge of the wheel tread and their subsequent development in the body of the wheel tread, which increases the life of the wheels of the rolling stock. The side wall of the profile plot pads reinforced with steel plate.
A steel insert in combination with a steel plate of larger area than in the prototype provide the best heat and cool the working parts of the main and profile plots pads.
The location of the inserts in the stream in the side wall in a checkerboard pattern provides a balanced wear side of the stream profile of the site and the working surface of the main site pads.
1. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars containing steel plate, cast iron arched body, consisting of a main and profile plots, made R is whose, the body is provided with friction elements in the form of cylindrical inserts, insert the main plot pads embedded in the body of the pad by rubbing the surface where the two groups separated by a stretch of River without inserts, insert the profile plot pads embedded in the stream, the material of the inserts has a greater abrasion than the material of body pads, inserts attached to a steel plate by welding, to the back side in the middle of the main body part of the pad has a cross flow hole klinovuyu check pad is made of casting iron in the form, characterized in that on the rear side of the main plot arc of the body pads provided on the edges of the installation thrust lugs of the T-shaped to mate with the brake Shoe and ribs in the form of a triangular tides, linking basic and specialized areas, stream profile section has a depth exceeding the height of the crest of the wheel tread by 0.85 thickness of the main site pads, steel plate made in one piece or team consisting of two or three parts joined by welding, the steel plate covering the back of the pad that goes on the outer side wall of the profile section and fully closes, the steel plate covering the main body part pads, covers cross the iron tide and has openings in the side surface of at the level of the holes in the tide under klinovuyu check in a steel plate mounting holes for fixing inserts, five metal inserts installed by rubbing the surface perpendicular to the outer side of the stream profile plot.
2. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the team metal plate consists of two parts, one part covers the curved back surface of the main site pads with cross tide and goes to the core plot pads, closing its upper part; the other part covers the outer side wall of the profile section.
3. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the team metal plate consists of three parts: the first part covers the curved back surface of the main site pads with cross-tide; the second part covers the inner side wall of the profile section of the pad, closing its upper part; the third part covers the outer side wall of the profile section.
4. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the centers of the inserts of the profile plot are placed sequentially along the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread or in a checkerboard pattern is about the shift to 20 mm up and down relative to the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread, the centers of inserts are located at equal distance from each other along the arc of the base of the crest of the wheel tread, and the extreme insert removed from the ends of the pad 0.5 of the distance between the inserts.
5. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert is made of steel or metals and their alloys and installed in the main body section of the pad in the number of 16-24 pieces.
6. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the area R without inserts between groups of inserts is determined by the formula:
7. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the inserts specialized area equal to the diameter of the inserts of the main site and is:
where Lk- length pads, mm;
8. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the length L1insert the main plot pads is:
L1=(0,84÷0,86)×H1,
where N1- the thickness of the pads, mm.
9. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, featuring the jaś fact, what length L2cylindrical insert relevant section of the pad is:
L2=(0,7÷0,72)×H2,
where N2the thickness of the side wall of the profile section, mm
10. Bimetallic ridge brake pad for locomotives and rail motor cars according to claim 1, characterized in that the inserts are welded to a steel plate from the back side through the mounting apertures of the welding machine.
Friction plate // 2335670
SUBSTANCE: friction plate has two holes and is made in a polymer anti-friction composite material reinforced by a thread or threads. The said polymer anti-friction composite material contains a smaller number of reinforcing threads compared to the other parts of the friction plate.
EFFECT: improved strength and operating properties allowed by reducing fracturing nearby holes.
Friction pad // 2324849
SUBSTANCE: the invention relates to the area of mechanical engineering, in particular, to friction pads intended for operation in lubricated assemblies. The friction pad is designed as part of a cylindrical shell, on the internal surface of which rectangular grooves are made. The grooves located longitudinally to the pad length have the same width and depth. The grooves transversal to the pad length, have width increasing with the groove depth. This provides stability of friction characteristics of the pad and decreases friction pair wear due to providing of more favourable conditions for penetration of the lubricating oil to the friction contact area, more efficient cooling of the friction elements, and better cleaning of the friction contact area from the wear products.
EFFECT: increased stability of friction characteristics of pad and decreased friction pair wear.
Rail vehicle brake shoe // 2319872
FIELD: railway transport; brake shoes.
SUBSTANCE: proposed brake shoe contains metal skeleton, polymeric composite friction member, one or several abrasive friction inserts and support layer placed between polymeric composite friction member and metal skeleton. Support layer is placed also between polymeric composite friction member and abrasive friction insert (inserts), or between polymeric composite friction member and part of surface of abrasive friction insert (inserts). Invention is aimed at improving operating characteristics of shoe owing to increased strength of connection of insert (inserts) and polymeric composite friction member by additional locking and reduced possibility of burning out of polymeric composite friction member in zone of insert (inserts) owing to provision of heat insulation of member relative to insert.
EFFECT: increased service life of shoe.
High-speed locomotive and gasoline locomotive rolling stock braking block // 2337026
SUBSTANCE: braking block incorporates a steel plate, a black iron arc-like body made up of the main and section parts with a passage made therein and friction elements. The said friction elements are placed in the block main part body on the friction surface side and into the section body part, i.e. in the block passage. The block arc-like body main part represents a carcass with chambers that can be divided into cells to house the friction elements. The chambers, or cells and friction inserts corresponding to them represent truncated pyramids or cones with their smaller bases turned towards the block friction surface and their walls inclined at the angle of α=10° to 15° to form a fixed joint of the dovetail type. The steel plate covering the main section rear side represents a plate shaped spring with ledges arranged under the shoe point of bearing and rests on the stop bulges. A corrugated heat-resistant fluoroplastic lining is arranged between the aforesaid spring and the block body. The section part passage lateral wall is furnished with a truncated-pyramid cavities with their smaller bases facing the block passage friction surfaces, the said cavities housing the appropriate friction elements to form the aforesaid dovetail joint.
Rail vehicle brake shoe (versions) // 2319871
SUBSTANCE: proposed brake shoe contains metal skeleton and fitted-on composite friction member consisting of two longitudinal layers of different thermal conductivity. Lower conductivity layer is made of composite friction material of greater adhesion to metal and strength as compared with layer arranged at working surface of shoe. Thickness of lower heat thermal conductivity layer is less than minimum thickness of shoe approved for operation, but is greater than thickness from rear surface of shoe to projecting parts of metal skeleton. According to second design version, brake shoe contains metal skeleton and fitted-on composite friction member consisting of two longitudinal layers and cast iron insert arranged in central part of shoe. Lower thermal conductivity layer is made of composition friction material featuring higher adhesion to metal and strength, as compared with layer arranged from working surface of shoe. Thickness of lower thermal conductivity layer is less than minimum thickness of shoe approved for operation, but is greater than thickness from rear surface of shoe to projecting parts of metal skeleton.
EFFECT: increased strength, improved reliability and increased service life of shoe.
Brake shoe unit with high friction coefficient // 2319050
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to brake shoes, mainly, to drum-type brake shoe units with high friction coefficient. Proposed brake shoe unit has cylindrical curved platform of brake shoe forming part of cylinder, inner support surface and outer support surface and matrix made of brake friction material. Said matrix is arranged on outer support surface of brake shoe platform forming braking surface. Great number of bosses project from outer support surface of brake shoe platform through matrix to friction surface. Said bosses engage with friction surface to create friction with opposite rotating member of vehicle wheel.
EFFECT: improved efficiency at emergency braking.