Source: https://patents.justia.com/patent/10426206
Timestamp: 2020-02-19 04:54:34
Document Index: 47452723

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 3', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2']

US Patent for Article of apparel utilizing zoned venting and/or other body cooling features or methods Patent (Patent # 10,426,206 issued October 1, 2019) - Justia Patents Search
Justia Patents Hot Water Or Ice BagUS Patent for Article of apparel utilizing zoned venting and/or other body cooling features or methods Patent (Patent # 10,426,206)
Jul 19, 2016 - NIKE, Inc.
Garments may include: (a) one garment portion having an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; and (b) another garment portion including one or more vented zones, wherein a material forming the vented zones has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2. The vented zones may extend along a center back portion and/or along at least one side portion of the garment. Methods for forming such garments may include: (a) providing one garment portion having an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; (b) providing another garment portion including at least one vented zone, wherein a material forming the vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2; and (c) forming a garment structure including these garment portions. The vented zones may extend along a center back portion and/or along at least one side portion of the garment structure. In some instances, apparel or equipment (including garments having zoned venting) may be wetted and worn by the athlete prior to the event or exercise, in order to pre-cool the athlete's body.
This application is a divisional application of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/024,104 filed Sep. 11, 2013 titled “Article of Apparel Utilizing Zoned Venting and/or Other Body Cooling Features or Methods”, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/839,695, filed May 6, 2004, (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,555,414) titled “Article of Apparel Utilizing Zoned Venting and/or Other Body Cooling Features or Methods”, all of which are entirely incorporated herein by reference.
Aspects of the present invention relate to garments that include targeted vented zones that assist in efficiently and effectively cooling the wearer. Such garments may include, for example: (a) a first garment portion formed of a fabric material, wherein the first garment portion has a maximum air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; and (b) a second garment portion forming a garment structure with at least the first garment portion, wherein the second garment portion includes a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has a minimum air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2, and wherein the first vented zone is at least 12 in2 and is provided at a targeted location in the garment structure to cool the wearer's body. The vented zone may be any desired size without departing from the invention, for example, at least 20 in2, or even at least 30 in2. One or more additional garment portions including one or more additional vented zones like those described above may be included in the garment structure without departing from the invention. Such additional vented zones may be maintained separate from the first vented zone and/or separate from one another. In at least some examples of the invention, the first garment portion may form a majority of the garment structure.
Additional aspects of the invention relate to methods for forming garments having targeted vented zones like those described above. Such methods may include, for example: (a) providing a first garment portion formed of a fabric material, wherein the first garment portion has a maximum air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; (b) providing a second garment portion including a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has a minimum air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2, and wherein the first vented zone is at least 12 in2, and in some examples may be at least 20 in2, or even at least 30 in2; and (c) forming a garment structure including at least the first garment portion and the second garment portion, wherein the first vented zone is provided at a targeted location in the garment structure to cool the wearer's body. If desired, the garment structure may be formed to include a plurality of separate vented zones, as generally described above.
FIG. 9 illustrates an example garment in accordance with the invention in which all of the vented zones are discontinuous; and
FIGS. 10A and 10B illustrate example protocols, methods, and/or packaging useful for pre-wetting a garment or other athletic equipment in accordance with at least some aspects of this invention.
A given type of material (e.g., a polyester, spandex, cotton, wool, or other type of material) may have a wide range of different air permeabilities, depending on various factors associated with the specific material sample. For example, the air permeability characteristics of a given material may depend on various characteristics of the ultimate fabric sample containing the material, such as: thread or fiber thickness; thread or fiber count; yarn twist; weave or knit density; weave or knit construction; material or weave flexibility or stretchability; the presence or absence of mesh openings (or other openings); the mesh or opening size; the percentage of material surface area covered by mesh or openings; fabric thickness; number of plies; surface and/or finishing treatments (if any); and the like. Accordingly, in at least some examples of this invention, the various “garment portions” having different air permeabilities, as these terms are used in the present specification, may be made from the same type of material, but characteristics of that material may be adjusted in at least one of the garment portions to alter its air permeability (e.g., the fabric may be treated or otherwise constructed or arranged in the vented zone to increase its air permeability as compared to the air permeability of the fabric at locations in the first garment portion (i.e., the portion not containing the vented zone) or the fabric in the first garment portion may be treated or otherwise constructed or arranged to lower its air permeability as compared to that of the material in the vented zone). In other examples of the invention, a different material may make up the vented zone as compared to the material in the first garment portion.
“Garment,” as used in this specification, includes any type of wearing apparel for the torso, arms, and legs. “Garments” do not include hats, caps, gloves, or footwear).
Garments having targeted venting in accordance with at least some aspects of this invention may include, for example: (a) a first garment portion formed of a fabric material, wherein the first garment portion has an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; and (b) a second garment portion forming a garment structure with at least the first garment portion, wherein the second garment portion includes a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2, and wherein the first vented zone is at least 12 in2 and is provided at a targeted location in the garment structure to cool the wearer's body. The vented zone may be any desired size without departing from the invention, for example, at least 20 in2, or even at least 30 in2. One or more, additional garment portions including one or more additional vented zones like those described above may be included in the garment structure without departing from the invention. Such additional vented zones, when present, may be located separate from the first vented zone. In at least some examples of the invention, the first garment portion may form a majority of the garment structure.
Garments according to at least some more specific examples of the invention fit at least a portion of an upper torso of a wearer and include: (a) a first garment portion formed of a fabric material and having an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; and (b) a second garment portion forming a garment structure with at least the first garment portion, wherein the second garment portion includes a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2. In at least some examples, at least a portion of the first vented zone may be from about 2 to about 6 inches in a first dimension and at least about 10 inches in another dimension and extend along a center back portion of the garment structure. In other examples, at least a portion of the first vented zone may be from about 2 to about 6 inches in a first dimension and at least about 6 inches in another dimension and extend along a first side portion of the garment structure. Optionally, each side portion of the garments may include vented zones like those described above. As still another option, garments in accordance with at least some examples of this invention may include any combination or all of the center back vented zone and one or more side vented zones.
In at least some examples, the first garment portion may have an air permeability of less than 500 ft3/min per ft2, and even less than 450 ft3/min per ft2. Additionally or alternatively, at least some example garments will have a second garment portion having an air permeability of at least 600 ft3/min per ft2, and in some examples, the air permeability will be at least 700 ft3/min per ft2 and even at least 800 ft3/min per ft2.
Zoned venting, like that described above, helps keep an athlete cooler by increasing air flow over various targeted regions of the body (e.g., the center back and two sides). The body releases a significant amount of its excess heat in the center back area, and increased air flow in this region, via zoned venting, speeds up the evaporation of sweat from the skin, and hence, speeds up the evaporative cooling process (as described above). Additionally, this improved air flow moves fresh and relatively cool air into the targeted regions and moves the heated air out. Vented zones at the athlete's sides help improve intake and exhaust air flow when the body is moving forward or laterally, movement that typically occurs during exercise and/or sporting events. When vented zones are provided at the center back and both lateral sides, air can flow into the garment at the garment sides and around to the back and out, evaporating sweat and moving heated air away from the body.
In at least some studies, the rise in core body temperature during exercise when wearing an example garment in accordance with the invention (e.g., a garment having center back and two side vented zones) was between about 0.2° F. to 0.5° F. lower as compared to exercise under similar conditions wearing garments vented in other areas (with the same total venting area) and as compared to exercise under similar conditions wearing unvented garments. Although this may be meaningless to the athlete who is merely “warm,” an increase of even a few tenths of a degree can be very distressing to the athlete who is approaching his/her limit of heat tolerance.
Additional aspects of the invention relate to methods for forming garments having targeted vented zones, e.g., like those described above. Such methods may include, for example: (a) providing a first garment portion formed of a fabric material, wherein the first garment portion has an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; (b) providing a second garment portion including a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2, and wherein the first vented zone is at least 12 in2, and in some examples may be at least 20 in2, or even at least 30 in2; and (c) forming a garment structure including at least the first garment portion and the second garment portion, wherein the first vented zone is provided at a targeted location in the garment structure to cool the wearer's body. If desired, the garment structure may be formed to include a plurality of vented zones, as generally described above.
As a more specific example, for garments that fit at least a portion of an upper torso of a wearer, methods in accordance with some examples of the invention may include: (a) providing a first garment portion formed of a fabric material, wherein the first garment portion has an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; (b) providing a second garment portion including a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2, and wherein at least a portion of the first vented zone is from about 2 to about 6 inches in a first dimension and at least about 6 or at least about 10 inches in a second dimension; and (c) forming a garment structure including at least the first garment portion and the second garment portion, wherein the first vented zone extends along a center back portion of the garment structure or along a side portion of the garment structure. Again, plural vented zones may be included in the garment structure without departing from the invention.
The garment 100 includes a vented zone 108 that extends along a center back portion of the garment structure (i.e., along the garment wearer's spine). The vented zone 108 may be of any suitable or desired size, shape, arrangement, or dimension without departing from the invention, for example, depending on the overall size of the garment 100. In at least some examples, for a center back vented zone like zone 108 shown in FIG. 1, the zone may be at least about 20 in2, and in some examples, it may be at least about 30 in2, or even at least about 40 in2 or 80 in2 or larger. For a generally rectangular vented zone, like that illustrated in FIG. 1, the zone 108 (or at least a portion thereof) in some examples may be 2-6 inches wide (dimension “W” in FIG. 1). In some examples, at least a portion of the vented zone 108 may be from about 2 to about 5 inches wide or from about 3 to about 5 inches wide. In still other more specific examples, men's garments may have an about 4 inch wide center back vented zone 108, and women's garments may have an about 3 inch wide center back vented zone 108.
The overall length (dimension “L” in FIG. 1) of a generally rectangular center back vented zone 108 like that illustrated in FIG. 1 also may vary, for example, depending on the overall size of the garment. As examples, the center back vented zone 108 may extend from proximate to the neck opening 102 in the garment structure 100 to a waist area of the garment structure 100 (i.e., the area where a wearer's waist would be located when the garment 100 is worn), as shown in FIG. 1. In numerical terms, the center back vented zone 108 in at least some examples of the invention may extend at least 10 inches (dimension “L”), or even at least 15 inches or at least 20 inches or more in some examples. “Proximate” to the neck opening 102, as used in this example (and as also generally used in this specification), means having an end within about 3 inches from the neck opening 102. Vented zones terminating or beginning at an opening are considered to be located “proximate to” the opening, for purposes of this specification.
FIG. 2 illustrates another example garment 200 in accordance with some aspects of this invention. In this example, the center back vented zone 202 extends essentially the entire length of the center back of the garment 200, i.e., from at the neck opening 102 (or closely proximate to it) to the waist opening 106 (or closely proximate to it). The term “closely proximate,” as used in this example (and as also generally used in this specification), means having an end within about 1 inch from the respective opening in the garment. Vented zones terminating or beginning at an opening are considered to be located “closely proximate to” the opening, for purposes of this specification.
Another example of a garment 300 in accordance with at least some aspects of this invention is illustrated in FIG. 3. In this example, the garment 300 includes two vented zones 302 and 304, one zone located beneath each of the garment structure's sleeves and extending toward the garment structure's waist opening 106. For these side vented zones 302 and 304, the various sizes, shapes, arrangements, and dimensions also may vary without departing from the invention, for example, depending on the overall size of the garment. Additionally, the dimensions, size, shape, and arrangement of a side vented zone need not be identical to those of the vented zone on the opposite side of the garment, although the vented zones may be the same without departing from the invention. As some examples, each side vented zone 302 and 304 may be at least about 12 in2, and in some examples, at least about 20 in2 or even at least 30 in2 or more. For generally rectangular shaped vented zones, like those illustrated in FIG. 3, at least a portion of each side vented zone 302 and 304 may be about 2 to about 6 inches wide and extend at least partially down the side portion of the garment 300 (e.g., to be located immediately beneath the user's arms and at the user's sides when wearing the garment 300). In some examples, at least a portion of the side vented zones 302 and 304 may be from about 2 to about 5 inches wide or from about 3 to about 5 inches wide. As still more specific examples, men's garments may have side vented zones 302 and 304 that are about 3 inches wide, and women's garments may have side vented zones 302 and 304 that are about 2.5 inches wide.
The various vented zones in a garment structure (e.g., the center back vented zone and/or one or more the side vented zones) also may be continuous or discontinuous, for example, over their width and/or length and/or other dimensions, without departing from the invention. FIG. 8 illustrates an example garment structure 800 in which the center back vented zone 802 is discontinuous over its length, but the side vented zones 806 are continuous over their lengths. As illustrated, vented zone 802 is made up of four distinct vented zone regions, namely regions 802A, 802B, 802C, and 802D, wherein the material of the remainder of the garment (e.g., material having an air permeability less than 600 ft3/minute/ft2) is provided between the vented zone regions 802A, 802B, 802C, and 802D (i.e., in the regions labeled 804). Any number of vented zone regions may be included in a garment structure without departing from the invention. In at least some examples, the overall length of the vented zone 802, which corresponds to the sum of the lengths of the vented zone regions 802A through 802D (i.e., LA+LB+LC+LD), may be at least 10 inches, or even at least 15 inches or at least 20 inches or more in some examples. Alternatively, in at least some examples, any one or more individual vented zone region 802A through 802D may be at least 10 inches long, or at least 15 or 20 inches long without departing from the invention.
Additional aspects of the invention relate to methods for forming garments like those described above. Such methods may include, for example: (a) providing a first garment portion formed of a fabric material, wherein the first garment portion has an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2; (b) providing a second garment portion including a first vented zone, wherein a material forming the first vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2; and (c) forming a garment structure including at least the first garment portion and the second garment portion, wherein the first vented zone extends along a center back portion of the garment structure or along a side portion of the garment structure. Optionally, as described above, vented zones, like those described above, may be provided in the center back portion, along one side, and/or along both sides of the garment structure without departing from the invention. Alternatively, garments may be formed for covering other portions of the body and/or the vented zones may be provided at locations other than and/or in addition to the garment's back center or sides.
A piece of apparel used in accordance with these aspects of the invention may be made from any desired natural, synthetic, or blended materials or combinations thereof, in any desired configuration, style, or combination, optionally with the vented zones as described above in conjunction with FIGS. 1-9. As examples, the piece of apparel may be a T-shirt, jersey, pants, or track suit type garment (like those described above), of any desired size, optionally sleeveless, short-sleeved, long-sleeved, with removable sleeves, with removable pant legs, etc. In at least some examples of the invention, the apparel product for the pre-wetting protocol (optionally including the vented zones as described above) may be constructed from high-performance sweat management materials (e.g., like thin, lightweight fabrics made from or containing polyester microfibers, polyester microfiber cotton blends, polyester microfiber cotton spandex blends, polyester spandex blends, and the like) optionally, materials that have been infused with peppermint (e.g., materials including peppermint microcapsules in or adhered to at least some fibers making up the material, materials exposed to or coated with peppermint oil, materials having peppermint microcapsules or oil applied to the fibers via a binder or textile finish, or the like). Studies indicate that peppermint infused fabrics may help decrease an athlete's perception of how hard he/she is working, reduce fatigue, boost mood, and/or increase alertness. In some more specific examples, apparel in accordance with various aspects of this invention may be made from or include a “Sphere Dry” polyester knit material and/or a Dri-FIT polyester material, as included in various commercial products available from NIKE, Inc., of Beaverton, Oreg. Optionally, the Sphere Dry and/or Dri-FIT materials (or other materials, equipment, etc.) may be infused or coated with peppermint microcapsules or peppermint oil in any suitable or desired manner (e.g., bound to the fabric and/or applied as a fabric or textile finish). Suitable peppermint microcapsules and/or peppermint oil are known in the art and commercially available, e.g., from International Flavors & Fragrances (“IFF”).
As shown in FIG. 10A, in at least some instances, apparel or equipment 1000 used for pre-wetting protocols in accordance with aspects of the invention may include a container 1010 used for the pre-wetting process. The container 1010 may take on any suitable form, such as a bag, a plastic tube and cover assembly, and the like. The example illustrated in FIG. 10A shows a container 1010 in the form of a plastic or fabric bag, optionally a transparent bag that is recyclable and/or made from recycled material. In at least some examples, the container 1010 may be made of a material that can dry easily (e.g., does not substantially absorb or retain water) and one that is resistant to growth of mold, bacteria, and the like (or is treated to resist such growth). In some examples, the container 1010 may include markings, gradations, or other indicia 1012 thereon, e.g., akin to markings on a measuring cup, to indicate an appropriate amount of water to add into the container 1010 for apparel wetting purposes, e.g., for various garment 1000 sizes and/or characteristics. Any suitable style of indicia 1012, form or mechanism for including the indicia 1012, or information may be included in the indicia 1012 without departing from the invention. As another example, the container 1010′s size may be selected, e.g., based on the associated garment's size and/or other characteristics (such as material type), such that when the garment 1000 is placed in the container 1010, the container 1010 then may be filled or substantially filled with water, to thereby provide the appropriate water amount and pre-wetting level.
In use, water is added to the container 1010 to the appropriate level for the garment 1000 size, and the garment 1000 is placed in the container 1010 as shown by the arrow 1014 in FIG. 10A and as illustrated in FIG. 10B. Alternatively, the garment 1000 may be placed in the container 1010 and the water then added, as mentioned above. The container 1010 then may be closed and/or sealed in any appropriate manner (e.g., using a cover, a water tight zip-type seal 1016, by hand, etc.) if desired, and container 1010 and garment 1000 may be squeezed, shaken, and otherwise handled as needed to appropriately and uniformly wet the garment 1000. The garment 1000 then can be removed from the container 1010 and donned by the athlete, and the pre-event cooling time period may begin. Container 1010 (and this procedure) can be used repeatedly by the athlete, e.g., for numerous events or exercise outings, repeatedly over long events or outings, etc.
wetting a garment for at least an upper torso of a wearer, wherein the garment includes a head or neck opening, a waist opening, and two arm openings, and wherein the garment includes a first portion formed of a non-mesh fabric material having an air permeability of less than 550 ft3/min per ft2 measured according to ASTM D737-96 and a second portion including a mesh vented zone extending along a center back portion of the garment, wherein the mesh vented zone has an air permeability of at least 550 ft3/min per ft2 measured according to ASTM D737-96 and has an area of at least 20 in2;
at least 20 minutes prior to a start of an event or exercise routine, wherein the event or exercise routine consists of physical activity that causes a wearer's body temperature to increase as a result of the physical activity, donning the wetted garment and wearing it in a wetted condition so as to cool a wearer's body prior to the start; and
participating in the event or exercise routine.
doffing the garment prior to participating in the event or exercise routine.
donning the garment after the event or exercise routine has concluded.
re-wetting the garment prior to donning it after the event or exercise routine has concluded.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the wetting includes placing the garment and a liquid in a container.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the mesh vented zone has a rectangular shape and has a width within a range of 3 inches and 5 inches.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the first portion includes two layers of the non-mesh fabric material.
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Enclosure A20, ‘Affidavit of Mr. Scrivener Dated Nov. 27, 2012 Apparently Referring to A18’,—As Submitted With Opponenet's Letter to EPO Regarding Oral Hearing in EP Patent 1746909 on Dec. 21, 2012.
Enclosure A9, ‘ASTM D737-96’As Filed With Opposition to EP Patent No. 17469099 (Formerly Application 05734332.9 on Sep. 9, 2010 by Opponent Adidas AG.
European Patent Office's Revocation of EP Patent 1746909 Dated Apr. 4, 2013, With Facts and Reasons for Decision.
European Patent Office's Revocation of EP Patent 1746909 Dated Apr. 4, 2013, With Reasons for Decision.
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Internet Prinout: http://niketown.nike.com, “New Sphere Yoked Short-Sleeve Top” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “Dri-Fit One Mesh Tank” Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “Global NIKE Sphere Polo” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “Global NIKE Sphere Top” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Pro Vent Dri-Fit Long Sleeve Top” Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Pro Vent Dri-Fit Sleeveless Top” Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Sphere Switchback Short Sleeve” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Sphere Ultralight Tank” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Sphere Yoked Sleeveless Top” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “UV Dri-Fit Long Sleeve Top” Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com,“Dri-Fit One Long Short” Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
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Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Pro Vent Dri-Fit Short Sleeve Top” Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Sphere Dry Crew” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, “NIKE Sphere Ultralight Top” Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, ‘NIKE Sphere Switchback Long Sleeve’ Dated Apr. 9, 2004.
Internet Printout: http://niketown.nike.com, NIKE Sphere Ultralight Tank Dated Mar. 22, 2004.
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Notice of European Patent Office Appeal Filed Jun. 4, 2013 in Revoked EP Patent 1746909.
Office Action dated Mar. 10, 2010 for Japanese Application 2007-511380.
Office Action dated Jan. 14, 2008 for European Application 05734332.9.
Office Action dated May 21, 2009 for Japanese Application 2007-511380, With English Translation.
Office Action dated Mar. 23, 2011 for Japanese Application 2007-511380.
Office Action dated Mar. 27, 2007 for European Application 05734332.9.
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Office Action dated Jul. 31, 2008 for European Application 05734332.9.
Part 1 of Grounds of Appeal Filed Aug. 14, 2013 in EP Opposition to EP Patent 1746909, With Auxiliary Requests 1-10.
Part 1 of Grounds of Appeal Filed Aug. 14, 2013 in EP Opposition to European Patent 1746909, With Auxiliary Requests 1-10.
Part 2 of Grounds of Appeal Filed Aug. 14, 2013 in EP Opposition to EP Patent 1746909, With Auxiliary Requests 11-20.
Part 2 of Grounds of Appeal Filed Aug. 14, 2013 in EP Opposition to European Patent 1746909, With Auxiliary Requests 11-20.
Patent Publication Number: 20160324226
Inventors: Carrie L. Davis (Portland, OR), Ian H. Muir (Beaverton, OR), Loren G. Myhre (Portland, OR), Lashurya M. Wise (Portland, OR), Michael R. Baron (Tigard, OR), Jordan J. Wand (Portland, OR)
Application Number: 15/214,097
International Classification: A41D 13/005 (20060101); A41D 27/28 (20060101); A41D 13/002 (20060101); A41D 1/04 (20060101); A41D 13/00 (20060101);