Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/126652140/17080916245517522-8v102-pdf
Timestamp: 2019-11-20 09:51:41
Document Index: 174675165

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 8', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 4', 'art 5', 'art 6', 'art 7', 'art 8', 'art 9', 'art 10', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 13', 'art 14', 'art 15', 'art 16', 'art 18', 'art 19', 'art 2']

17080916245517522_8v102.pdf | Transmitter | Modulation
saveSave 17080916245517522_8v102.pdf For Later
433 mhz Tx and Rx
Footprint Part 1 of 6 Introduction
PAS 0001-8 Version: 1.0.2 Date: 03 July 1998
TETRAPOL Specifications; Part 8: Radio Conformance Tests
Page 2 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
1998-TETRAPOL Forum 03/07/98 This document is the property of TETRAPOL Forum and may not be copied or circulated without permission.
Page 3 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
Foreword................................................................................................................................................. 7 1. Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 9 2. Normative References ........................................................................................................................ 9 3. Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... 9 4. General............................................................................................................................................. 10 4.1. Alignment range switching range, radio frequency channel to be tested................................ 10 4.2. Facilities and information required for testing ....................................................................... 11 4.3. Mechanical and electrical design .......................................................................................... 12 4.3.1. Controls .............................................................................................................. 12 4.3.2. Transmitter shut off facility.................................................................................. 12 4.3.3. Marking .............................................................................................................. 12 4.4. Interpretation of the measurement results............................................................................. 12 5. Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures................................................................ 12 5.1. Normal and extreme test conditions ..................................................................................... 12 5.2. Test power source ................................................................................................................ 12 5.3. Normal test conditions .......................................................................................................... 13 5.3.1. Normal temperature and humidity....................................................................... 13 5.3.2. Normal test power source ................................................................................... 13 5.3.2.1. Mains voltage............................................................................... 13 5.3.2.2. Regulated lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles ....... 13 5.3.2.3. Other power sources .................................................................... 13 5.4. Extreme test conditions ........................................................................................................ 13 5.4.1. Extreme temperature.......................................................................................... 13 5.4.2. Extreme test sources voltages ............................................................................ 14 5.4.2.1. Mains voltage............................................................................... 14 5.4.2.2. Regulated lead acid battery power sources on vehicles................ 14 5.4.2.3. Power sources using other types of batteries................................ 14 5.4.2.4. Other power sources .................................................................... 14 6. General conditions ............................................................................................................................ 14 6.1. Arrangements for test signals applied to the receiver input ................................................... 14 6.2. Normal test signals (wanted and unwanted).......................................................................... 14 6.2.1. Test of transmitter............................................................................................... 14 6.2.2. Test of receiver................................................................................................... 15 7. General radio test configuration ........................................................................................................ 16 7.1. Test of the receiving part (MS or BS) ................................................................................... 16 7.2. Test of the transmitting part (BS or MS in direct mode) ........................................................ 17 7.3. Test of the transmitting part (MS in trunked mode) ............................................................... 17 8. Technical characteristics ................................................................................................................... 18 8.1. Transmitter parameters limits ............................................................................................... 18 8.1.1. Output power ...................................................................................................... 18 8.1.1.1. Definition...................................................................................... 18 8.1.1.2. Limits for nominal power .............................................................. 18 8.1.1.3 Limits for power control ................................................................. 18 8.1.2. Unwanted conducted emissions .......................................................................... 18 8.1.2.1. General definition......................................................................... 18 8.1.2.2. Unwanted emissions close to the carrier....................................... 18 8.1.2.2.1. Measurement over the useful part of the frame 18 8.1.2.2.2. Measurement during the switching transients.... 19
Page 4 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 8.1.2.3. Unwanted emissions far from the carrier .......................................19 8.1.2.3.1. Definition...........................................................19 8.1.2.3.2. Limits ............................................................19 8.1.2.4. Unwanted conducted emission in the transmit standby mode ........20 8.1.2.4.1. Definition...........................................................20 8.1.2.4.2. Limits ............................................................20 8.1.3. Unwanted radiated emissions ..............................................................................20 8.1.4. Radiofrequency tolerance ....................................................................................20 8.1.4.1. Definition ......................................................................................20 8.1.4.2. Limits .........................................................................................20 8.1.5. RF output power time mask .................................................................................20 8.1.5.1. Definition ......................................................................................21 8.1.5.2. Limits .........................................................................................21 8.1.6. Intermodulation attenuation .................................................................................21 8.1.6.1. Definition ......................................................................................21 8.1.6.2. Limits .........................................................................................21 8.2. Receiver parameters limits....................................................................................................22 8.2.1. Introduction .........................................................................................................22 8.2.2. Blocking or desensitisation ..................................................................................22 8.2.2.1. Definition ......................................................................................22 8.2.2.2 Limits .........................................................................................22 8.2.3. Spurious response rejection ...............................................................................................23 8.2.3.1. Definition ......................................................................................23 8.2.3.2. Limits .........................................................................................23 8.2.4. Intermodulation response rejection ......................................................................23 8.2.4.1. Definition ......................................................................................23 8.2.4.2. Limits .........................................................................................23 8.2.5. Unwanted conducted emissions..........................................................................................23 8.2.5.1. Definition ......................................................................................23 8.2.5.2. Limits .........................................................................................23 8.2.6. Unwanted radiated emissions ..............................................................................24 8.3. Transmitter/Receiver performance ........................................................................................24 8.3.1. Transmitter phase accuracy ...............................................................................................24 8.3.1.1. Definition ......................................................................................24 8.3.1.2. Limits .........................................................................................24 8.3.2. Receiver performances ......................................................................................................24 8.3.2.1. Nominal error rates...........................................................................................25 8.3.2.1.1. Definition...........................................................25 8.3.2.1.2. Limits ............................................................25 8.3.2.2. Dynamic reference sensitivity performance ......................................................25 8.3.2.2.1. Definition...........................................................25 8.3.2.2.2. Limits ............................................................25 8.3.2.3. Reference interference performance.................................................................26 8.3.2.3.1. Definition...........................................................26 8.3.2.3.2. Limits ............................................................26 8.3.2.4. Static reference sensitivity performance ...........................................................26 8.3.2.4.1. Definition...........................................................26 8.3.2.4.2. Limits ............................................................27 9. Methods of measurement...................................................................................................................27 9.1. Methods of measurement for transmitters .............................................................................27 9.1.1. Output power measurement.................................................................................27 9.1.2. Unwanted conducted emissions measurement ....................................................27 9.1.2.1. Unwanted emissions close to the carrier measurement .................27 9.1.2.1.1. Useful part of the frames measurement .....................................27 9.1.2.1.2. Switching transients measurements...................28 9.1.2.2. Unwanted emissions far from the carrier measurements ...............29 9.1.2.3. Unwanted conducted emission in the standby mode measurement....................................................................29 9.1.3. Unwanted radiated emissions measurement........................................................30 9.1.4. Radio frequency tolerance measurement.............................................................30 9.1.5. RF output power time mask measurement...........................................................31
Page 5 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.1.6. Intermodulation attenuation measurement .......................................................... 31 9.2. Methods of measurements for receivers............................................................................... 32 9.2.1. Blocking measurement ....................................................................................... 32 9.2.2. Spurious response rejection measurement.......................................................... 33 9.2.3. Intermodulation response rejection measurement ............................................... 34 9.2.4. Unwanted conducted emissions measurements .................................................. 34 9.2.5. Unwanted radiated emissions measurements ..................................................... 34 9.3. Transmitter/Receiver performances measurements.............................................................. 35 9.3.1. Transmitter phase accuracy measurement.......................................................... 35 9.3.2. Receiver performances measurements............................................................... 35 9.3.2.1. Nominal error rates measurement ................................................ 35 9.3.2.2. Dynamic reference sensitivity performance measurements.......... 36 9.3.2.3. Reference interference performance measurement...................... 36 9.3.2.4. Static reference sensitivity performance measurement ................ 37 History .................................................................................................................................................. 38
Page 6 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
Page 7 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
This document is the Publicly Available Specification (PAS) of the TETRAPOL land mobile radio system, which shall provide digital narrow band voice, messaging, and data services. Its main objective is to provide specifications dedicated to the more demanding PMR segment: the public safety. These specifications are also applicable to most PMR networks. This PAS is a multipart document which consists of: Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6 Part 7 Part 8 Part 9 Part 10 Part 11 Part 12 Part 13 Part 14 Part 15 Part 16 TTR 1 Part 18 Part 19 General Network Design Radio Air interface Air Interface Protocol Gateway to X.400 MTA Dispatch Centre interface Line Connected Terminal interface Codec Radio conformance tests Air interface protocol conformance tests Inter System Interface Gateway to PABX, ISDN, PDN Network Management Centre interface User Data Terminal to System Terminal interface System Simulator Gateway to External Data Terminal Security Guide to TETRAPOL features Base station to Radioswitch interface Stand Alone Dispatch Position interface
Page 8 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
Page 9 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
This part of the specification deals with the minimum radio performances of TETRAPOL base station and radio terminal equipment and the related radio test methods used for type approval testing. The purpose of these specifications is to provide a sufficient confidence in the quality of radio transmission and reception for equipment operating in a TETRAPOL system and to minimise harmful interference to other equipment. These specifications do not necessary include all the characteristics which may be required by a user of equipment nor do they necessarily represent the optimum performance achievable.
This PAS incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this PAS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. [1] [2] PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface". ETS 300-113: "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector" ITU-T 0.153: "Basic parameters for the measurement of error performance at bit rates below the primary rate".
For the purposes of this PAS, the following abbreviations apply: A/I AFC AGC BER BN BS CCH CRP CUG DB DCN DCS DFN DM DM/NM DP DC DPS DPSI EDT EUT FBM FER HRSW ISI KMC LCIU LCT LLC MAC Air Interface Automatic Frequency Control Automatic Gain Control Transmitter Receiver Unit Base Network Base Station Control CHannel Connection Reference Point Closed User Group DataBase Delivery Confirmation Notification Dispatch Centre Server Delivery Failure Notification Direct Mode Direct Mode / Network Monitoring Dispatch Position Dispatch Centre Dispatch Position Switch Dispatch Position Switch Interface External Data Terminal Equipment Under Test FallBack Mode Frame erasure rate Home RadioSWitch Inter System Interface Key Management Centre Line Connection Interface Unit Line Connected Terminal Logical Link Control Medium Access Control
Page 10 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 MER MM MOCH MRI MS MSG APPLI NMC OG OMC PABX PAS PC (P)DN PDU PMR PSTN PTT Ri RP RSW RT SADP SDL SDP SFN SIM ST SwMI TCH TCP/IP TDX TMSG-Id TP TTI UA UDT VRSW X.400 MTA Message erasure Rate Mobility Management Multisite Open CHannel Mobile Random Identity Mobile Station Messaging APPLIcation Network Management Centre Operational Group Operation and Maintenance Centre Private Automatic Branch eXchange Publicly Available Specification Personal Computer (Public) Data Network Protocol Data Unit Private Mobile Radiocommunication Public Switched Telecommunications Network Push-To-Talk Reference point index i RePeater RadioSWitch Radio Terminal Stand Alone Dispatch Position Specification and Description Language Submit Delivery Protocol Submit Failure Notification Subscriber Identity Module System Terminal Switching and Management Infrastructure Traffic CHannel Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Telephone and Data eXchange Temporary MeSsaGe Identifier TransPort layer Temporary Terminal Identifier User Agent User Data Terminal Visited RadioSWitch X.400 Message Transfer Agent
Each equipment submitted for type testing shall fulfil the requirements of this standard on all channels over which it is intended to operate. the manufacturer or other applicant shall provide one or more production or pre-production model(s) of the equipment as appropriate for type testing. If type approval is given on the basis of tests on pre-production models, those models shall be manufactured in accordance with the same file of manufacturers specifications as the later production models. This fact shall be declined by the manufacturer in the application form (see for more details; "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. Transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector" ETS 300 113 [2]). 4.1. Alignment range switching range, radio frequency channel to be tested
The manufacturer shall when submitting equipment for type testing state the alignment ranges for the receiver and the transmitter. The alignment range is defined as the frequency range over which the receiver and the transmitter can be programmed and/or realigned to operate, without any physical change of components other than programmable read only memories or crystals or passive components. The manufacturer shall also state the switching range of the receiver and the transmitter. The switching range is the maximum frequency range over which the receiver or the transmitter can be operated without reprogramming or realignment.
Page 11 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 For the purpose of all measurement, the receiver and transmitter shall be considered separately. One sample of the equipment shall be tested. Full tests shall be carried out on a frequency within 100 kHz of the centre frequency of the switching range. Limited test shall be carried out on a frequency within 100 kHz of the lowest and also on a frequency within 100 kHz of the highest frequency of the switching range. 4.2. Facilities and information required for testing
The equipment submitted for type testing shall provide the following facilities: at least one antenna connector as a test point. All power level and frequency characteristics specified shall be, unless otherwise stated referred to the antenna connector of the equipment under test; for equipment supporting diversity or for any other reason having more than one antenna connector, the applicant can supply coupling and/or terminating devices so that the tests can be performed via a single antenna connector; a test connector and a means to connect the equipment under test to a test equipment controller (see figure 1). This means is a PC additional card and a cable to connect it to the equipment under test through its test connector; a means to connect the equipment under test to the power source according to clause 5.2.
Via the test connector the equipment under test provides the test equipment with receiver part output signals and signalling informations on the states of the equipment, the test equipment provides the equipment under test with signalling informations to control the states of the equipment under test and to configure it for all test to be performed either in test transmit or test receive modes. The test equipment can also provide the equipment under test with transmitter part input signals (see also clause 7). When in test mode, all the operational internal or external radio commands (AGC, AFC, power control, PTT) shall be accessible through the test connector. The applicant shall provide all the necessary informations on these commands to the test laboratory.
PC ADD. CARD CABLE TEST CONNECTOR
TEST EQ. CONTROLLER
TEST EQUIP. E.U.T
ANTENNA CONNECTOR RF INTERFACE
Figure 1: Test arrangement The applicant shall provide the following information to the test authority: power class of equipment; other capabilities and options implemented in the equipment; information related to radio subsystem of equipment i;e; transmit and receive frequency switching and alignment ranges, first local oscillator frequency (flo) and intermediate frequencies (if 1 .... if m) of receiver;
Page 12 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 4.3. description how to use equipment in specific test modes and details on test interface if necessary information of power source used in normal operation. Mechanical and electrical design
The equipment submitted for type testing by the manufacturer or his representative shall be designed constructed and manufactured in accordance with good engineering practice and with the aim of minimising harmful interference to other equipment and services. 4.3.1. Controls
Those controls which if maladjusted might increase the interfering potentialities of the equipment shall not be accessible for adjustment by the user. 4.3.2. Transmitter shut off facility
When a timer for an automatic shut off is operative at the moment of the time-out, the transmitter shall automatically be switched off. A shut off facility shall be inoperative for the duration of the type test measurements unless it has to remain operative to protect the equipment. 4.3.3. Marking
The marking shall be in accordance with EC directives and/or CEPT decisions or recommendations as appropriate. 4.4. Interpretation of the measurement results
The interpretation of the results, recorded in a test report for the measurements described in this specification shall be as follows: a) the measured value related to the corresponding limit shall be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirement; b) the actual measurement uncertainty of the test laboratory carrying out the measurements for each particular measurement shall be included in the test report; c) the value of the actual measurement uncertainty should for each measurement, equal to or lower than the figures given in clause 11 of ETS 300-113 [2] "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector".
Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures
Normal and extreme test conditions
Type testing shall be made under normal test conditions and also, where stated, under extreme test conditions. 5.2. Test power source
During type testing, the power source of the equipment shall be replaced by a test power source, capable of producing normal and extreme test voltages as specified in subclause 5.3 and 5.4. The internal impedance of the test power source shall be low enough for its effects on the test results to be negligible. For the purpose of tests, the voltage of the power source shall be measured at the input terminals of the equipment. If the equipment is provided with a permanently connected power cable the test voltage shall be that measured at the point of connection of the power cable to the equipment. For battery operated equipment the battery shall be removed and the test power source shall be applied as close to the battery terminals as practicable.
Page 13 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 During tests, the power source voltages shall be maintained within tolerance a +/- 1% relative to the voltage at the beginning of each test. The value of this tolerance is critical for power measurements. 5.3. 5.3.1. Normal test conditions Normal temperature and humidity
The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and humidity within the following ranges: temperature: + 15 C to + 35C relative humidity: 20% to 75%
When it is impracticable to carry out the tests under these conditions a note to this effect stating the ambient temperature and relative humidity during the tests, shall be added to the test report. 5.3.2. 5.3.2.1. Normal test power source Mains voltage
The normal test voltage for equipment to be connected to the mains shall be the nominal mains voltage. For the purpose of this specification the nominal voltage shall be the declared voltage or any of the declared voltages for which the equipment was designed. The frequency of the test power source corresponding to the a.c. mains shall be between 49 Hz and 51 Hz. 5.3.2.2. Regulated lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles
When the radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual types of regulated lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles the normal test voltage shall be 1.1 times the nominal voltage of the battery (6,6 v for a nominal voltage of 6 v and 13.2 v for a nominal voltage of 12v). 5.3.2.3. Other power sources
For operation from other power sources or types of battery (primary or secondary), the normal test voltage shall be that declared by the equipment manufacturer. 5.4. Extreme test conditions
The following four extreme test condition combinations are applied while testing an equipment under extreme test conditions: Lower temperature / lower voltage (LT LV); Lower temperature / higher voltage (LT HV); Higher temperature / lower voltage (HT LV); Higher temperature / higher voltage (HT HV).
Unless otherwise stated, tests to be conducted under extreme test conditions shall include all the above temperature and voltage combinations. 5.4.1. Extreme temperature
For tests at extreme temperature, measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedures specified in subclause 6.5: ETS 300-113 [2] "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector " at the upper and lower temperatures of the following ranges: outdoor equipment: -20 to +55 C C indoor equipment: 0 to 40 C C
Page 14 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 5.4.2. 5.4.2.1. Extreme test sources voltages Mains voltage
The extreme test voltages for equipment to be connected to an a.c. mains source shall be nominal mains voltage +/- 10%. 5.4.2.2. Regulated lead acid battery power sources on vehicles
When the radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual type of regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles, the extreme test voltages shall be 1.3 and 0.9 times the nominal voltage of the battery (for a nominal voltage of 6v, these are 7,8 v and 5,4 v respectively and for a nominal voltage of 12v, these are 15,6 v and 10,8 v respectively). 5.4.2.3. Power sources using other types of batteries
The lower extreme test voltage for equipment with power sources using batteries shall be as follow: for the Leclanch or the lithium type of battery: 0.85 times the nominal voltage of the battery; for the mercury or the nickel-cadmium type of battery 0.90 times the nominal voltage of the battery. No upper extreme test voltages apply. 5.4.2.4. Other power sources
For equipment using other power sources or capable of being operated from a variety of power sources the extreme test voltages shall be those agreed between the equipment manufacturer and the testing laboratory and shall be recorded in the test report.
Arrangements for test signals applied to the receiver input
Sources of test signals for signals applied to the receiver input shall be connected in such a way that the sources impedance presented to the receiver input is 50 (non reactive). This requirement shall be met irrespective of whether one or more signals using a combining network are applied to the receiver simultaneously. The effects of any intermodulation products and noise produced in the test signal sources shall be negligible. 6.2. 6.2.1. Normal test signals (wanted and unwanted) Test of transmitter
When in test mode the transmitter under test shall be able to generate the following RF signals. D0: Transmit unmodulated signal The nominal frequency of this carrier shall be at + 2 kHz (or - 2 kHz) from the nominal center frequency of the channel. For a MS transmitter the modulator input shall be a continuous stream of (0 or 1 bits) when the carrier is 2 kHz above the center frequency of the channel. For a MS transmitter the modulator input shall be a continuous stream of a alternated bit (0,1,0,1,0 ...) when the carrier is 2 kHz below the center frequency of the channel. For a BS transmitter, the modulator input shall be a continuous stream of a alternated bit (0,1,0,1,0 ) when the carrier is 2 kHz above the center frequency of the channel.
Page 15 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 For BS transmitter, the modulator input shall be a continuous stream of o (or 1) bits when the carrier is 2 kHz below the center frequency of the channel. (see subclause clause 7 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1]). D11: Transmit modulated type 1 signal The modulation scheme of this RF signal shall be in accordance with the clause 7 of PAS 0001.2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface".[1], the input signal of the modulator being a continuous pseudo-random bit stream issued from a pseudo random sequence generator of at least 511 bits in conformity with the UIT-T recommendation 0.153 [3]. D12: Transmit modulated type 2 signal Like D11, the modulation scheme of this continuously modulated RF signal shall be compliant with the clause 7 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1]. But in addition, the modulator input signal shall be framed, each 20 ms block of 160 bits shall contain a fixed preamble of 8 bits { 011 000 10} and the remaining 152 bits shall be issued from a pseudo-random sequence generator compliant with the UIT-T recommendation 0.153 [3], the length of the sequence being of at least 511 bits. For a MS, the RF level of D0 or D1x can be externally controlled within the dynamic range of the adaptive power control as specified in clause 8 of PAS 0001-2: TETRAPOL specifications , Part 2: Radio air Interface . For MS and BS, the channel center frequency of D0 or D1x can be externally chosen within the switching range of the equipment as declared by the equipment manufacturer. 6.2.2. Test of receiver
When in test mode, the receiver under test (or the transmitter in some specific cases) can be connected to one or more test RF signal generator. These generators shall be able to generate the following types of RF signals. D2: Received unmodulated signal This unmodulated continuous sinuso radio signal shall present a spectral purity compatible with an dal acceptable measurement accuracy of the receiver performances as specified in subclause 8.4 of PAS 0001-2 "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1]. D3: Received wanted signal This signal shall simulate a VCH (clauses 5, 6 and 7 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1]). The 122 voice bits of each block at the channel coder input shall be issued from a pseudo-random generator compliant with UIT-T recommendation 0.153: "Basic parameters for the measurement of error performance at bit rates below the primary rate" [3]. The period of the pseudorandom bitstream shall be at least 511 bits length. D4: Received unwanted signal type 1 The modulation scheme of this RF signal shall be compliant with the clause 7 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface".[1]. The input signal of the modulator being a continuous pseudo-random bitstream issued form a pseudo-random sequence generator of at least 255 bits. The pseudo random bit stream used for D3 and the one used for D4 shall be decorrelated. The spectral purity of this signal shall be compatible with an acceptable measurements accuracy of the receiver performances as specified in subclauses 8.4 and 8.5.2 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1]. D5: Received unwanted signal type 2 (optional)
Page 16 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 This last signal shall simulate an analogue FM interferer, it is frequency modulated by a sine wave at 400 Hz with a deviation of 12% of the channel separation. Like D4, the spectral purity of this test signal shall be compatible with an acceptable measurement accuracy of the receiver performances as specified in subclause 8.4 and 8.5.2 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1].
General radio test configuration
The radio test configuration shown in figure 2, 3, 4 is functional and is presented for information only. For the details of the physical implementation of the tests see ETS 300-113 [2] as far as necessary. For tests of the transmitting part the input data may be internally generated by the equipment under test when it is in transmit test mode. 7.1. Test of the receiving part (MS or BS)
Rx TEST MODE CONTROLS + OUTPUT DATA TEST CONNECTOR 1
TEST EQUIPMENT GENERATORS AND PROPAGATION SIMULATORS
RFCOMBINER
signal = Wanted RF signal (D3) signal = RF interferer one (D4 or D5) signal = RF interferer two (D2) Figure 2: Test of receiving part Note: In the case of BS receiver testing the D3 signal may be generated by the transmitting part of the BS in test mode, its output RF centre frequency being translated by an external device with a frequency shift equal to the duplex spacing.
Page 17 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 7.2. Test of the transmitting part (BS or MS in direct mode)
Tx TEST MODE CONTROLS + INTPUT DATA TEST CONNECTOR 1 + 2 DIRECTIONAL COUPLER + POWER ATTENUATOR (DIRECTIONAL COUPLER) 1 TEST EQUIPMENT GENERATORS
TEST EQUIPMENT RECEIVERS
Signal = interferer (D2) Signal = transmitter output RF signal (D0 or D11 or D12) Figure 3: Test of transmitting part (DMO) Remark: The signal is needed only for intermodulation attenuation testing. 7.3. Test of the transmitting part (MS in trunked mode)
Tx/Rx DUTY CYCLE + Tx TEST MODE CONTROLS + INPUT DATA TEST CONNECTOR 2 + 1 + 3 1 EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST ANTENNA CONNECTOR COUPLING DEVICE 3
TEST EQUIPMENT GENERATORS
(DIRECTIONAL COUPLER) 2
signal = RF interferer (D2) signal = Transmitter output RF signal (D0 or D11 or D12) signal = BS downlink signal (D3) Figure 4: Test of transmitting part (trunked mode) Remark: The signal is needed only for intermodulation attenuation testing. The signal is used for MS synchronisation purpose. The Tx/Rx duty cycle can be 1 sec/29 sec approximately, when the MS under test is an half duplex equipment. The difference between the nominal centre frequencies of the channels corresponding to the signals and shall be equal to the duplex spacing.
Page 18 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
8.1. 8.1.1. 8.1.1.1.
Transmitter parameters limits Output power Definition
The output power is defined as the average power measured through an at least 10 kHz bandwidth filter over the transmitted bits at the transmitter antenna connector. 8.1.1.2. Limits for nominal power
The output power under the normal test conditions shall be within +/- 1.5 dB of the nominal value specified for the BS and the MS in PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1] clauses 8.3.1.1 and 8.3.1.2. Under extreme conditions, the output power shall be within + 2 dB, - 3 dB of the nominal value specified above. 8.1.1.3 Limits for power control
For the MS, the minimum level value shall be within +/- 3 dB of the minimum value specified in PAS 0001-2 [1] clause 8.3.1.2 under level test conditions, the transmitter power being controlled through the test connector. 8.1.2. 8.1.2.1. Unwanted conducted emissions General definition
Unwanted conducted emissions are defined as conducted emissions at frequencies outside of the allocated channel. A transmitter having two modes, transmit operating mode and transmit standby mode, unless otherwise stated, unwanted emissions are specified for an equipment in transmit operating mode, i.e. whenever this equipment is transmitting or whenever it ramps-up or ramps-down. 8.1.2.2. Unwanted emissions close to the carrier
Measurements shall be done at the nominal centre frequency when the transmitter is in transmit operating mode and at the frequencies corresponding to the specified frequency offsets. When applicable, relative measurements (dBc) shall refer to the level measured at the nominal center frequency in steady state transmit mode. 8.1.2.2.1.Measurement over the useful part of the frame For a channel separation of 12.5 kHz, the unwanted emission close to the carrier shall not exceed: -60 dBc for a frequency offset of 12.5 kHz and -70 dBc for frequency offsets of 25KHz. For a channel separation of 10.0 kHz, the unwanted emission close to the carrier shall not exceed: -36 dBc for a frequency offset of 10 KHz and -60 dBc for a frequency offset of 20 kHz. For MS in direct mode, under extreme conditions, when the channel separation is 12.5 kHz the unwanted emission close to the carrier shall not exceed -50 dBc for a frequency offset of 12.5 kHz and when the channel separation is 10.0 kHz the unwanted emission close to carrier shall not exceed -26 dBc for a frequency offset of 10.0 kHz. In any case no requirement in excess of -36 dBm shall apply. The signals transmitted by the equipment under test can be D0 or D11 for the reference level measurements and shall be D11 for the unwanted emission levels measurements.
Page 19 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 These levels shall correspond to mean power when the transmitter is transmitting outside the ramp-up and ramp-down periods. 8.1.2.2.2. Measurement during the switching transients
The unwanted emissions during the switching transients are related to the unwanted emissions peak levels close to the carrier frequency when the transmitter under test ramps-up and ramps-down. These ramp-up and ramp-down periods are defined by the RF output power time mask requirement (see subclause 8.3.5 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface" [1]). The following maximum hold level shall not be exceed under normal test conditions: For a channel spacing of 12.5 kHz, the maximum hold level limit is - 50 dBc when the frequency offset is 12.5 kHz. In any case no limit below -27 dBm shall apply. For a channel spacing of 10.0 kHz, the maximum hold level limit is - 26 dBc when the frequency offset is 10.0 kHz. In any case no limit below -27 dBm shall apply. 0 dBc refers to the signal transmit mean power when measured in the nominal channel and outside the ramp-up and ramp-down periods. The signal transmitted by the equipment under test shall be D0 or D11 for the reference and the transient levels measurement. 8.1.2.3. 8.1.2.3.1. Unwanted emissions far from the carrier Definition
These unwanted emissions are emissions not covered by subclause 8.1.2.2 and measured in the range 9 kHz to 4 GHz. Two kind of spurious shall be considered: discrete spurious (narrow bandwidth) and wideband noise spurious. 8.1.2.3.2. Limits
Under normal conditions: Discrete spurious: the maximum allowed power for each spurious emission shall be less than - 36dbm below 1 GHz and -30 dBm between 1 GHz and 4 GHz. the lower part of the spectrum (near 9 kHz) is subject to specific measurements methods if necessary. Wide-band noise: the following wide-band noise levels shall not exceed the limits shown in the following table at frequencies corresponding to the listed offsets from the nominal carrier frequency. The requirements apply symmetrically to both sides of the transmitter band. The wideband noise shall be measured in a 8 0,5 kHz bandwidth filter. The signal generated by the transmitter under test shall be modulated (D11 or D12 test signal).
Page 20 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 Table 1: Limits Frequency Offset 25 kHz - 40 kHz 40 kHz- 100 kHz 100 kHz- 150 kHz 150 kHz- 500 kHz 500 kHz- 10 MHz > 10 MHz and in the receive band Mobile station - 70 dBc - 75 dBc -85 dBc - 90 dBc - 100 dBc - 80 dBm Maximum Level Base station - 70 dBc - 75 dBc - 85 dBc - 95 dBc - 105 dBc - 100 dBm
8.1.2.4. 8.1.2.4.1.
Unwanted conducted emission in the transmit standby mode Definition
When in standby mode only the discrete spurious emissions are considered (see subclause 8.1.2.3.1). 8.1.2.4.2. Limits
The power emitted by the equipment shall not exceed - 57 dBm at frequencies between 9 kHz and 1 GHz and - 47 dBm at frequencies from 1GHz to 4 GHz. The lower part of the spectrum (near 9 kHz) is subject to specific measurements methods if necessary. 8.1.3. Unwanted radiated emissions
Specifications of ETS 300-113: "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector" [2] shall apply. A 50 load shall be connected to the antenna connector(s) for the test. 8.1.4. 8.1.4.1. Radiofrequency tolerance Definition
The frequency tolerance of the transmitter is the difference between the measured central frequency of the transmitted signal and the nominal frequency of the transmitter or the central frequency of a reference signal. 8.1.4.2. Limits
Under normal and extreme test conditions: a) b) The BS central frequency shall be accurate to within +/- 0.2 p.p.m. (part per million). In trunked mode, the MS central frequency shall be accurate to within +/- 0.2 p.p.m. compared to the central frequency of the signal received from the BS. For test purpose, the signal received from the BS shall be simulated by a D3 test signal which is applied to the MS at its antenna connector at a level 3 dB below the limit of the static reference sensitivity level (-122 dBm) under static propagation conditions. The central frequency of the D3 signal can be controlled on a range of +/- 200 Hz. In the case of half duplex MS the TX/RX duty cycle may be approximately 29/1 seconds. In direct mode, the MS central frequency shall be accurate to within +/- 1.3 kHz. RF output power time mask
c) 8.1.5.
This specification does not apply to transmitters intended for continuous transmissions only. It is related to the transmitter attack time and the transmitter release time. The specified transmit power level is the level measured in the band of the transmit channel at the transmitter output.
Page 21 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 8.1.5.1. Definition
Pc = steady state power Txon = time at which the final irrevocable logic decision to power on the transmitter is taken : Time at which the first modulated symbol of the frame is transmitted. If an access point is unavailable then the time after which the transmit power exceeds (Pc - 50 dB) may be taken. T1 = time when the transmit power exceeds (Pc - 30 dB) T2 = time when the transmit power reaches (Pc - 6 dB) T3 = time when the transmit power has reached a level 3 dB below or above the steady state power and maintains a level within +/- 3 dB from Pc thereafter. T4 = time at which the transmit power has reached a level 1.5 dB below or above the steady state powerand maintains a level within +/-1.5 dB from Pc thereafter. Tx off = time at which the irrevocable logic decision to power off the transmitter is taken. If an access point is unavailable then the time after which the transmit power remains below (Pc - 3 dB) may be taken. T5 = time when the transmit power falls below (Pc - 6 dB) T6 = time when the transmit power falls below (Pc - 30 dB) T7 = Time after which the transmit power falls below (Pc - 70 dB) 8.1.5.2. Limits
The following limits shall hold for the time intervals listed Table 2: Time intervals limits Time interval between instants defined above T3 - Txon T2 - T1 T4 - T3 T6 - T5 T7 - Tx off This limits shall be met under normal conditions. 8.1.6. 8.1.6.1. Intermodulation attenuation Definition specified limits between 1 and 3 ms > 0.2 ms between 0 and 2 ms > 0.2 ms < 2.5 ms
The intermodulation attenuation is the ratio of the power level of the wanted signal to the power level of an intermodulation component. It is a measure of the capability of the transmitter to inhibit the generation of signals in its non-linear elements caused by the presence of the useful carrier and an interfering signal reaching the transmitter via its antenna connector. 8.1.6.2. Limits
a) Base station: Two classes of transmitter intermodulation attenuation are defined, the BS transmitter shall fulfil one of the requirements under normal test conditions: In general the intermodulation attenuation ratio shall be at least 40 dB for any intermodulation component when the power level of the interfering signal is 30 dB below the power level of the wanted signal at the antenna connector of the equipment under test and
Page 22 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 when its central frequency is within 50 kHz to 100 kHz above or below the central frequency of the wanted signal. In special service conditions the intermodulation attenuation radio shall be at least 70 dB for any intermodulation component with the same conditions as above. In the case where the performance is achieved by additional internal or external isolating devices (such as circulators), they shall be supplied at the time of testing and shall be used for the measurements.
b) Mobile station: Under normal test conditions, for an MS transmitter operating at the nominal power defined by its class the intermodulation attenuation shall be at least 40 dB (power class 1) and 45 dB (power class 2 and 3) for any intermodulation component when the power level of the interfering signal is 30 dB (class 1) and 40 dB (class 2 and 3) below the power level of the wanted signal at the antenna connector of the equipment under test and when its central frequency is within 50 kHz to 100 kHz above or below the central frequency of the wanted signal. 8.2. 8.2.1. Receiver parameters limits Introduction
In the present subclause, the levels of the test signals are given in terms of power levels (dBm) or in terms of relative levels (dBc) with respect to the power level of the wanted signal at the antenna connector of the receiver. Sources of test signals, wanted or unwanted, shall be connected in such a way that the impedance presented to the receiver input (antenna connector) is a 50 non-reactive impedance. this requirement shall be met irrespective of whether one or more signals using a combining device are applied to the receiver simultaneously. Static propagations conditions are assumed for both wanted and unwanted signals. For blocking, spurious response rejection and intermodulation response rejection the performances are related to the static reference sensitivity performances concerning the VCH class 2 bits, the BER limit being equal to 1,5% (see subclause 8.5.2.4 of PAS 0001.2 [1]. In the case of a static channel, the process of error occurrence can be estimated as stationary and binomial, due to the small BER limit figure this process can be approximated as gaussian. A good equipment being one for which the actual BER value is equal or smaller to the BER limit and adopting the rule to have a probability to refuse a good equipment smaller than 1% and to have a probability to accept a bad equipment smaller than 0,5% (a bad equipment presenting an actual BER performance equal or larger than 1,5 x BER limit corresponding approximately to a degradation of less than 1 dB in static conditions) it can be shown that the estimated BER figure threshold (measured number of bits in error/total number of tested bits = n/N) has to be equal to 1,21 x BER limit and that the minimum number N of tested bits has to be equal to 8000, so the number of VCH frames to be tested shall be at least 80 (see subclause 6.1 of PAS 0001-2 [1]). The duration of each individual test shall be at least 1,6 seconds and the limit value of the number "n" of bits in error to accept or refuse a test shall be 1,82 x 10 -x N. 8.2.2. 8.2.2.1. Blocking or desensitisation Definition
Blocking is a measure of the capability of the receiver to receive a modulated wanted input signal in the presence of an unwanted unmodulated input signal on frequencies other than those of the spurious responses or the adjacent channels without this unwanted input signal causing a degradation of the performance of the receiver beyond a specified limit. 8.2.2.2 Limits
The static reference sensitivity performance for the VCH class 2 bits shall be met under normal test conditions when the following signals are simultaneously applied to the receiver under test. a modulated wanted signal (D3 signal) at the nominal frequency of the receiver and 3 dB above the limit of the static reference sensitivity level (-116 dBm for the MS and -118 dBm for the BS);
Page 23 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 a unmodulated unwanted signal (D2 signal) at a frequency from 1 MHz to 10 MHz away from the nominal frequency of the receiver avoiding those frequencies at which spurious responses could occur and the adjacent channels and at a level 84 dBc above the level of the wanted signal. Spurious response rejection Definition
8.2.3. 8.2.3.1.
The spurious response rejection is a measure of the capability of the receiver under test to receive a wanted modulated signal without exceeding a given degradation due to the presence of an unwanted modulated signal at any other frequency at which a response has been obtained (see clause 5.2.6 of ETSI 300-113[2]). 8.2.3.2. Limits
The static reference sensitivity performance for the VCH class 2 bits shall be met under normal test conditions when the following signals are simultaneously applied to the receiver: a modulated wanted signal (D3 signal) at the nominal frequency of the receiver and 3 dB above the limit of usable sensitivity ); a modulated unwanted signal (D4 or D5 signals) at a frequency for which a spurious response is obtained (see subclauses 9.7.2 and 9.7.3 of ETS 300-113 [2]) and at a level 70 dBc above the level of the wanted signal. In the limited frequency range as defined in ETS 300-113 [2] (see subclause 9.7.2), the number of spurious responses for which the blocking specification is not met shall not exceed 5% of the total number of frequency channels in the limited frequency range.8.2.4.Intermodulation response rejection 8.2.4.1. Definition
Intermodulation response rejection is a measure of the capability of the receiver under test to receive a wanted modulated signal without exceeding a given degradation due to the presence of two or more unwanted signals with a specific frequency relationship to the wanted signal frequency (see clause 5.2.7 of ETSI 300-113[2]). 8.2.4.2. Limits
The static reference sensitivity performance for the VCH class 2 bits shall be met under normal test conditions when the 3 following signals are simultaneously applied to the receiver under test. a modulated wanted signal (D3 signal) at the nominal frequency of the receiver and 3 dB above the limit of usable sensitivity. a first unwanted and unmodulated signal (D2 signal) at a frequency 50 kHz away from the nominal frequency of the receiver and 65 dB in the case of MS testing or 70 dB in the case of BS testing above the level of the wanted signal. a second unwanted and modulated signal (D4 or D5 signals) at a frequency 100 kHz away from nominal frequency of the receiver, the difference between the frequencies of the two unwanted signals being 50 kHz, and at the same level than the first unwanted signal. Unwanted conducted emissions Definition
8.2.5. 8.2.5.1.
The subclause 8.1.2.4.1. above shall apply. 8.2.5.2. Limits
The subclause 8.1.2.4.2. above shall apply.
Page 24 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 8.2.6. Unwanted radiated emissions
The subclause 8.1.3. above shall apply. 8.3. 8.3.1. 8.3.1.1. Transmitter/Receiver performance Transmitter phase accuracy Definition
The transmitter phase error trajectory is defined as the difference between the phase of the actual transmitting signal wave form and the phase of the corresponding ideal signal wave form. The transmitter phase accuracy is defined as the difference between the phase error trajectory and its linear regression on a frame duration. 8.3.1.2. Limits
Outside any transmitter attack time and release time and under normal test conditions, the RMS phase accuracy shall be less than 8 and its maximum peak deviation shall be less than 20 when measured over one frame duration and when the sampling rate is at least 2/TB, TB being the bit duration (125 s). this measurement shall be repeated at least for 20 frames not necessarily contiguous. The test signal shall be the D12 signal. 8.3.2. Receiver performances
The receiver minimum performances of this subclause are defined in term of error rates. These error rates performances are specified for the Voice CHannel (VCH) (see subclause 6 of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface".[1]). The information bits of this type of channel are subdivided into two classes: class 1 bits are protected by the concatenation of one error correcting code with one error detecting code and class 2 bits are not protected. Frame erasure occurs when a block of class 1 bits is declared in error by the receiver (FER is defined as the ratio of the number of erased blocks to the total number of transmitted blocks). Bit error rate (BER) are stated for class 2 bits in the accepted blocks. FER and BER are estimated taking into account that transmitter errors do not occur and that the transmitter shall be tested separately. The FER and BER limits are function of the propagation conditions. The received power levels under multipath conditions are the sum of the mean power of each individual multipath. Due to the randomness of the error events occurrence only estimations of BER and FER are achievable by test. The threshold values of BER and FER estimations for test are related to the BER and FER specified limits by the following rules: and a good equipment presents actual BER and FER performances equal or smaller than the BER and FER limits; a bad equipment presents actual BER and FER performances equal or larger than the BER FER limits multiplied by K (K = 1,5 in static propagation condition and K = 1,25 in multipath propagation conditions). These K figures correspond approximately in average to a 1 dB performances degradation.
Moreover, the duration of the tests (number of samples to be tested) are estimated to obtain low probabilities to refuse a good equipment or to accept a bad one. 1% and 0,5% have been respectively considered. Due to the multipath effects the external test conditions cannot be considered as stationary and the error events are not independent so and extension factor has also been adopted for the duration of the test (x 2 for the FER measurement if the vehicle speed is 50 and 100 km/h and if the central frequency of the signal is below 150 MHz and x20 for the BER measurements). For the test, the wanted signal shall be the D3 signal. Under extreme test conditions only BER shall be estimated.
Page 25 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 8.3.2.1. 8.3.2.1.1. Nominal error rates Definition
This test measures the receiver performances under normal conditions i.e. without interference and with an input level of -85 dBm. It measures also the receiver performances when the level of the input signal is high. 8.3.2.1.2. Limits
Under normal test conditions and when the input level is between -85 dBm and -40 dBm, the limits are given in the following table. The propagation conditions shall be dynamic (TU50) or static. Table 3: Limits Condition Static TU 50 Logical channel VCH class 2 (BER) VCH class 2 (BER) BER limit 5 . 10-5 0.15% Test threshold 6,05 . 10 -5 0.167% Samples number 2,5 . 106 bits 6 6,0 . 10 bits
Under normal and extreme test condition, when the input level is -20 dBm, the limits are given in the following table. Table 4: Limits at -20 dBm condition Static Logical channel VCH class 2 (BER) BER limit 0.1% Test threshold 0.121% Samples number 12,5 . 105 bits
8.3.2.2. 8.3.2.2.1.
Dynamic reference sensitivity performance Definition
The dynamic reference sensitivity performance measures the quality of the receiver when the input level of the wanted signal is equal to the dynamic reference sensitivity level. The dynamic propagation conditions shall be TU50 and HT200 The dynamic reference sensitivity level are: Table 5: Dynamic reference sensitivity MS BS Normal test conditions Extreme test conditions - 111 dBm - 108 dBm - 113 dBm - 110 dBm
Under normal and extreme test conditions when the input level is equal to the dynamic reference sensitivity level, the limits of error rates are given in the following table: Table 6: Limits of error rates propagation condition TU 50 Logical channel VCH class 1 (FER) 1% Limit Test Threshold 1,11% 1,67% 1,67% 2,78% Samples number 45000 frames (90000), see note1 3 600 . 10 bits 30000 frames 3 350 . 10 bits
TU 50 VCH class 2 (BER) 1,5% HT 200 VCH class 1 (FER) 1,5% HT 200 VCH class 2 (BER) 2,5% Note1: If the channel frequency is below 150 MHz
Page 26 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 8.3.2.3. 8.3.2.3.1. Reference interference performance Definition
The reference interference performance measures the capability of the receiver to receive a wanted modulation signal without exceeding a given degradation due to the presence of an unwanted modulated signal. The central frequency of the unwanted signal: a) b) shall be equal to the nominal frequency of the receiver (cochannel interference); shall differ from the nominal frequency of the receiver by an amount equal to 12.5 kHz (adjacent channel interference).
For the test, the unwanted signal shall be the D4 signal. The difference of levels between the wanted and the unwanted signals shall be equal to the dynamic reference interference ratio. The dynamic reference interference ratio values are: for cochannel interference under normal test conditions: C/Ic = + 15 dB - with C = -85 dBm and Ic = -100 dBm, for adjacent interference under normal test conditions: C/Ia = -45 dB with for the MS: C = - 108 dBm and Ia = - 63 dBm with for the BS: C = - 110 dBm and Ia = - 65 dBm for adjacent interference under extreme test conditions: C/Ia = - 39 dB with for the MS: C = - 105 dBm and Ia = - 66 dBm with for the BS: C = - 107 dBm and Ia = - 68 dBm
The dynamic propagation conditions shall be the same for C and for I. The realisations of these propagation conditions shall be statistically independent. 8.3.2.3.2. Limits
Under the above conditions ( 8.3.2.3.1.), the limits of error rates are given in the following table: Table 7: limits of error rates propagation condition TU 100 TU 100
Logical channel VCH class 1 (FER) VCH class 2 (BER) 2% 3%
Test Threshold 2,22% 3,33%
Samples number 25000 frames (50000) see note 1 3 300 . 10 bits
if the channel frequency is below 150 MHz.
8.3.2.4. 8.3.2.4.1.
Static reference sensitivity performance Definition
The static reference sensitivity performance measures the quality of the receiver when the input level of the wanted signal is equal to the static reference sensitivity level. The propagation conditions shall be static. The static reference sensitivity level under normal test conditions are: MS: - 119 dBm BS: - 121 dBm
Page 27 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 8.3.2.4.2. Limits
Under the above conditions (subclause 8.3.2.4.1), the limits of error rates are given in the following table: Table 8: Limits of error rates propagation condition Static Static Logical channel VCH class 1 (FER) VCH class 2 (BER) Limit 1% 1,5 % Test Threshold 1,21 % 1,82 % Samples number 12,5 . 10 frames 10 . 103 bits
Methods of measurement for transmitters
The modulator input data to generate D0, D11 or D12 can be issued from the test equipment and introduced into the transmitter under test through its test connector or can be internally generated by the transmitter under test when it is in transmit test mode. 9.1.1. Output power measurement
Unless otherwise specified the measurement shall be performed in absence of modulation in that case the transmitter shall transmit the D0 test signal. When it is not possible, the fact shall be stated in the test report and the test signals to be used shall be the D11 or D12 test signals. The measurement shall be made under normal and extreme conditions at nominal output power, the limits are defined in subclause 8.1.1.2. 9.1.2. 9.1.2.1. 9.1.2.1.1. Unwanted conducted emissions measurement Unwanted emissions close to the carrier measurement Useful part of the frames measurement
Control + (input data)
Test connector Transmitter under test Power measuring receiver
Figure 5: Useful part of the frames measurement The unwanted emissions power may be measured with a power measuring receiver which is conforms to annex B of ETS 300-113 [2]. In particular the IF filter of the power measuring receiver shall be compliant with the specifications of the ETS 300-113 [2] annex B for a channel separation of 12.5 kHz. The frequency of the measuring receiver shall be adjusted above the channel transmitter so that its - 6 dB response nearest to the transmitter channel is located at a displacement from the nominal central frequency of the transmitter under test as given in the following table:
Page 28 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 Table 9: Displacement from the - 6 dB point Channel separation 12.5 kHz 25.0 kHz 37.5 kHz 10.0 kHz 20.0 kHz 30.0 kHz Displacement from the - 6 dB point 8.25 kHz 20.75 kHz 33.25kHz 6.50 kHz 16.50 kHz 26.50 kHz
The ratio of the unwanted emissions close to the carrier r.m.s power to the r.m.s. output power shall be measured. The measurement shall be repeated with the frequency of the measuring receive adjusted below the carrier following the above table. For a MS transmitter in trunked mode, the measurement shall be made outside the period when the MS is receiving the D3 test signal for synchronisation purpose and the relevant ramp up and ramp down periods. The measurement shall be mode under normal and extreme conditions at nominal output power and minimum level. The output power of the transmitter shall be the power according to its class as defined in subclause 8.3.1 of PAS 001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface". 9.1.2.1.2. Switching transients measurements
Control + Trigger + (input data) Test connector Transmitter under test Power measuring receiver
Figure 6: Switching transients measurements The switching transients power may be measured with the power measuring receiver (see subclause 9.1.2.1.1.) connected to a spectrum analyser. During the transients measurements, the frequency of the measuring receiver shall be adjusted above (then below), the transmitter channel so that its - 6 dB response nearest to the transmitter channel is located at a displacement from the nominal central frequency of the transmitter under test as given in the following table. Table 10: Displacement from the - 6 dB point Channel separation 12.5 kHz 10.0 kHz Displacement from the - 6 dB point 8.25 kHz 6.50 kHz
The spectrum analyser shall be used to record the envelope of the transmit signal during the transmitter attack time (ramp up) and release time (ramp down). The record duration of each transient period shall be at least 20 ms.
Page 29 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 The peak value shall be noted in dBc with respect to the mean steady state output power of the transmitter measured in the nominal channel. The steady state output power shall be the power according to the power class of the transmitter under test. The measurements shall be repeated at least 5 times, the 5 noted peak values shall be ordered, the highest one corresponds to the switching transient measurement. The measurement shall be made under normal test conditions at nominal output power. In the case of the test of an half duplex capacity MS in trunked mode, the synchronisation of the MS transmitter by the D3 test signal (see subclause 7.3) can occur when the MS transmitter is in standby mode. 9.1.2.2. Unwanted emissions far from the carrier measurements
Control + (input data) Test connector Transmitter under test Spectrum analyser or selective voltmeter
Figure 7: Spurious level measured The spurious level (wideband and discrete) shall be measured when the output signal of the transmitter under test is the D11 or D12 test signal. The signal power shall be the power according to the power class of the transmitter. In the case of MS the measurement shall be repeated with a signal power corresponding to its minimum power according to subclause 8.3.1.2 of PAS 0001-2 [1]. For MS, with direct mode capability the test can be conducted only with the equipment under test in this mode. In case of dBc measurement, the reference power is the steady state mean power of the transmitter in the nominal channel. The test equipment shall measure the mean power (r.m.s. value) of the spurious at the output of its receive filter. For wide band level measurement, the bandwidth of this filter shall be if possible equal to 8 +/- 0.5 kHz. If it is not possible, the band width of the filter shall be noted and a correcting factor equal to 10 log. (8/B) (in dB) shall be introduced where B (in kHz) is equal to the actual bandwidth of the receive filter. In any case B shall be within the range (0.1 kHz-15 KHz). For discrete spurious measurement the method described in subclause 8.6. of ETS 1000-113 [2] may be applicable. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions at nominal output power. 9.1.2.3. Unwanted conducted emission in the standby mode measurement.
The spurious level (discrete spurious only) shall be measured when the transmitter under test is in standby mode. The method of measurement described in 9.1.2.2. is applicable.
Page 30 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.1.3. Unwanted radiated emissions measurement
The method of measurement described in ETS 300-113 [2] shall apply. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions at nominal output power. 9.1.4. Radio frequency tolerance measurement
Control + (input data) Test connector Transmitter under test
Figure 8: Radio frequency tolerance measurement The frequency of the transmitter shall be measured when the output signal of the transmitter under test is by the D0 signal. The signal power shall be the power according to the power class of the transmitter. In a first step, the modulation signal shall produce a D0 signal the frequency of which being 2 kHz above the nominal frequency of the channel. The frequency measurement A shall be noted. In a second step, the modulation signal shall produce a D0 signal the frequency of which being 2 kHz below the nominal frequency of the channel. The frequency measurement B shall be noted. The central frequency tolerance is equal to 0 - [(A + B): 2] 0 being the nominal frequency of the transmit channel in the case of BS or MS in direct mode, 0 being the nominal frequency of the uplink channel corresponding to the frequency of the D3 signal in the case of MS in trunked mode. In the case of MS in trunked mode, the D3 test signal at the input of the MS shall be -3db with respect to the static reference sensitivity level (-122 dBm in normal test conditions, -119 dBm in extreme test conditions). The propagation conditions are static. Moreover to check the capability, of a MS in trunked mode to track the D3 signal frequency variations, the test shall be repeated with a D3 signal frequency shifted by +/- 0.4 p.p.m with respect to its nominal value. In the case of half duplex MS, the frequency measurement shall be mode at least 15 seconds after the end of a period of synchronisation, the MS being in steady state transmit mode. Before the test, the central frequency of the D3 test/signal shall be measured. If the transmitter under tests cannot generate a D0 test signal the radio frequency tolerance can be measured by a vector signal analyser (see subclause 9.3.1), the slope of the linear regression line of the phase error trajectory being equal to the radio frequency tolerance of the equipment under test. In any case, the test shall be conducted under normal and extreme test conditions, at nominal output power.
Page 31 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.1.5. RF output power time mask measurement
Control + Trigger + (input data) Test connector Transmitter under test RF detector or spectrum analyser
Figure 9: RF output power time mask measurement The storage oscilloscope (or a transient recorder) shall record the amplitude transient from the detector (or the spectrum analyser) on a logarithm scale. The spectrum analyser shall be set in the zero span mode. The trace of the oscilloscope shall be calibrated in power (dB). A trigger device may be required to ensure that the start of the sweep of the oscilloscope time base occurs at the instant at which the transmitter on function or the transmitter off function is initiated. The output signal from the transmitter shall be the D0 or D11 or D12 test signal. Its power shall be the power according to power class of the transmitter. For MS, the test shall be repeated with an output signal level corresponding to its minimum power according to subclause 8.3.1.2. of PAS 0001-2: "TETRAPOL Specification; Radio Air Interface". In this last case, specifications concerning T1, T2 , T5 and T6 shall not be considered. For MS with direct mode capability, the test can be conducted only with the equipment under test in this mode. The measurement shall be made under normal test conditions, at nominal output power and minimum level. 9.1.6. Intermodulation attenuation measurement
Control + (input data) Test connector Transmitter under test D3
(Directional) Coupler
Interfering test signal source
Antenna connector Spectrum analyser
Figure 10: Intermodulation attenuation measurement The measurement arrangement shown in the above figure may be used. In order to reduce the influence of mismatch errors it is important that the 10 dB power attenuator is coupled to the transmitter under test with the shortest possible connection. The interfering test signal source shall provide the same power output as the transmitter under test. The couplers shall have an overall direct insertion loss of less than 1,5 dB.
Page 32 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 The output signal from the transmitter under test shall be the D0 test signal if possible. The interfering test signal shall be unmodulated its frequency shall be in a first step within 50 kHz to 100 kHz above the central frequency of the D0 signal. the measurement shall be repeated with the interfering test signal frequency within 50 kHz to 100 kHz below the central frequency of the D0 signal. The frequency shall be chosen in such a way that the intermodulation components do not coincide with other spurious components. The attenuator at the output of the interfering test signal source shall be 20 dB for BS and MS class 1 and 30 dB for MS class 2 and class 3. For MS with direct mode capability, the test can be conducted only with the equipment under test in this mode. The intermodulation component shall be measured by direct observation on the spectrum analyser of the ratio of the largest third order intermodulation component with respect to the signal issued from the transmitter under test. The measurement shall be made under normal test conditions, at nominal output power. 9.2. 9.2.1. Methods of measurements for receivers Blocking measurement
Signal generator A Receiver under test Biterror measuring test set
Signal generator B
Figure 11: Blocking measurement The wanted signal (D3 test signal) is provided by the generator A. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver under test shall be 3 dB above the static reference sensitivity level. Its central frequency shall be the nominal central frequency of the receiver. The unwanted signal (D2 test signal) is provided by the signal generator B. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver shall be 84 dB above the level of the wanted signal. Its frequency shall be from 1 MHz to 10 MHz away from the nominal frequency of the receiver. For practical reasons, the measurements shall be carried out at frequencies of the unwanted signal at approximately +/- 1 MHz, +/2 MHz, +/- 5 MHz +/- 10 MHz from the nominal receiver frequency avoiding those frequencies at which spurious responses could occur. For this reason to test the spurious response rejection before is suitable. The BER on VCH class 2 bit shall be estimated as explained in subclause 8.2.1. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions.
Page 33 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.2.2. Spurious response rejection measurement
Signal generator A Receiver under test Bit error measuring test set
Figure 12: Spurious response rejection measurement Spurious responses may occur at all frequencies throughout the frequency spectrum and the requirement of this clause shall be met for all frequencies. However for practical reasons the measurements for type testing shall be performed only on frequencies that have a high probability to present spurious responses.
These frequencies are: a) those that belong to the limited frequency range as defined in subclause 9.7.2. of ETS 300-113: "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector" [2]. b) those that belong to the range from fr/3.2 (or 30 MHz which ever is higher) to 3,2 xfr where fr is the nominal frequency of the receiver and that are equal to nfl0 +/- fi1 where fl0 is the frequency of the local oscillator applied to the first mixer of the receiver, fi1 is the first intermediate frequency of the receiver and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The wanted signal (D3 test signal) is provided by the generator A. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver under test shall be 3 dB above the static reference sensitivity level. Its central frequency shall be the nominal central frequency of the receiver. The unwanted signal (D4 or D5 test signal) is provided by the signal generator B. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver shall be 80 dB above the level of the wanted signal. Its frequency shall be varied in increments of 5 kHz over the limited frequency range (see a) above and over the frequencies in accordance with the calculation b) above and outside the nominal channel of the receiver and its 6 first adjacent channels. For each unwanted frequency, the BER on the VCH class 2 bits shall be estimated. Every time an estimated BER is above the limit threshold as defined in subclause 8.2.1, the level of the generator B shall be adjusted 70 dB above the wanted signal. The BER shall be estimated one more time and the result of this second estimation shall be below the limit threshold as defined in subclause 8.2.1 to be compliant. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions.
Page 34 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.2.3. Intermodulation response rejection measurement
Receiver under test
Bit error measuring test set
Figure 13: Intermodulation response rejection measurement The wanted signal (D3 test signal) is provided by the signal generator A. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver under test shall be 3 dB above the static reference sensitivity level. Its central frequency shall be at the nominal frequency of the receiver. The first unwanted signal (D2 test signal) shall be unmodulated and is provided by the signal generator B. Its central frequency shall be 50 kHz above the nominal frequency of the receiver. The second unwanted signal (D4 or D5 test signal) shall be modulated and is provided by the signal generator C. Its central frequency shall be 100 kHz above the nominal frequency of the receiver. The level of the unwanted signals shall be 65 dB (if MS receiver) or 70 dB (if BS receiver) above the level of the wanted signal. The BER on VCH class 2 bit shall be estimated as explained in subclause 8.2.1. The test shall be repeated with the frequency of the first unwanted signal 50 kHz below the nominal frequency of the receiver and the frequency of the second unwanted signal 100 kHz below the nominal frequency of the receiver. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions. 9.2.4. Unwanted conducted emissions measurements
The method of measurements describes in 9.1.2.3. shall apply. 9.2.5. Unwanted radiated emissions measurements
The method of measurements described in ETS 300-113: "Radio equipment system (RES) Land mobile. transmission of data and speech and having, an antenna connector" [2] shall apply. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions, at nominal output power.
Page 35 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.3. 9.3.1. Transmitter/Receiver performances measurements Transmitter phase accuracy measurement
Control + (input data) Test connector Transmitter under test Signal Vector analyser Control + (input data)
Figure 14: Transmitter phase accuracy measurement The transmitter under test shall transmit the D12 test signal. The measurement shall be made when the transmitter is in transmit steady state outside any attack or release periods. After a synchronisation period, the signal vector analyser shall estimate the phase error trajectory and its linear regression line. It shall calculate the difference between the phase error trajectory and its linear regression line. The peak value and the r.ms value of this difference shall be estimated and calculated on a frame duration basis. The sampling rate being at least 2/TB with TB equal to the bit duration. The peak and r.m.s. values estimation and calculation shall be repeated at least on 20 frames. The test shall be conducted under normal test conditions, at nominal output power and minimum level. 9.3.2. 9.3.2.1. Receiver performances measurements Nominal error rates measurement
Propagation simulator
BER measuring test set
Figure 15: Nominal error rates measurement The signal generator A shall provide the D3 test signal. The level of the test signal at the antenna connector of the receiver under test shall be adjusted following subclause 8.3.2.1. Its central frequency shall be equal to the nominal frequency of the receiver. The test shall be conducted under normal and extreme conditions following the requirements of subclause 8.3.2. and subclause 8.3.2.1.2.
Page 36 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.3.2.2. Dynamic reference sensitivity performance measurements
BER / FER measuring test set
Figure 16: Dynamic reference sensitivity performance measurements The signal generator A shall provide the D3 test signal. The level of the test signal at the antenna connector of the receiver under test shall be the dynamic reference sensitivity level (see subclause 8.3.2.2.1.). Its central frequency shall be equal to the nominal frequency of the receiver. The test shall be conducted under normal and extreme conditions following the requirements of subclause 8.3.2. and subclause 8.3.2.2.2. 9.3.2.3. Reference interference performance measurement
Propagation simulator A Receiver under test BER / FER measuring test set
Propagation simulator B
Figure 17: Reference interference performance measurement The signal generator A shall provide the wanted signal (D3 test signal). The central frequency of the wanted signal shall be the nominal frequency of the receiver under test. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver shall be adjusted following the requirements of subclause 8.3.2.3.1. The signal generator B shall provide the unwanted signal (D4 test signal). The unwanted signal frequency and level at the antenna connector of the receiver shall be adjusted following the requirements of subclause 8.3.2.3.1. The propagation simulators A and B shall provide the same TU 100 propagation conditions, they shall be independent form each other. The test shall be conducted in three steps under normal test conditions and following the requirements of subclause 8.3.2 and 8.3.2.3.2: first step: the central frequency of the unwanted signal shall be the nominal frequency of the receiver (cochannel interference); second step: the central frequency of the unwanted signal shall be 12.5 kHz below the nominal frequency of the receiver (lower adjacent channel interference); third step: the central frequency of the unwanted signal shall be 12.5 kHz above the nominal frequency of the receiver (higher adjacent channel interference).
Under extreme test conditions only the second and third steps shall be conducted and only BER shall be estimated following the subclause 8.3.2 and 8.3.2.3.2 requirements.
Page 37 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2 9.3.2.4. Static reference sensitivity performance measurement
Figure 18: Static reference sensitivity performance measurement The signal generator A shall provide the wanted signal (D3 test signal). The central frequency of the wanted signal shall be the nominal frequency of the receiver under test. Its level at the antenna connector of the receiver shall be the static reference sensitivity level as defined in subclause 8.3.2.4.1. The test shall be conducted in normal test conditions following the requirements of subclause 8.3.2.4.2.
Page 38 PAS 0001-8: Version 1.0.2
Date 08 July 1996 31 July 1996 25 September 1996 16 December 1996 21 October 1997 30 January 1998 19 May 1998 03 July 1998 First version Update following remarks Editorial corrections Editorial corrections Reviewed TETRAPOL Forum approval Editorial precisions Parameters Complemented Status Version 0.0.1 Version 0.0.2 Version 0.0.3 Version 0.0.4 Version 0.1.0 Version 1.0.0 Version 1.0.1 Version 1.0.2 Comment
Documents Similar To 17080916245517522_8v102.pdf
NAIR KRISHNA RAVEENDRAN
athikautami
Abris Ooooooo
r3500dmanual
ch1basig computer
Popular in Mobile Radio
DMR-Mobile-Radio_Back-to-back-Application-Notes_R2.0-i.pdf
geotop2001
At 140_Instruction Manual
Motorola_DM4400_en_DM4600_mobilofoon_accessoires.pdf
gm300.pdf
Tabri tole
NJT RFP 11-018 Verstion 6
Brochure MSAT G2
enedino83
pepro-mobile-brochure(low-res) COW
Asjad Nasir
Quick Install Uninstall Mobile Radio
Baby Talker 500 Manual
marcin_pawlak_5
Narrowbanding_Amateur Radio Style (a.T.yerger)
HM209_HM211_MicBrochure_IA_615.pdf
Wireless World 1986 11