Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN102201426B/en
Timestamp: 2020-08-05 22:42:57
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CN102201426B - Light-emitting Diode And Its Making Method - Google Patents
Light-emitting Diode And Its Making Method Download PDF
CN102201426B
CN102201426B CN201010130080.4A CN201010130080A CN102201426B CN 102201426 B CN102201426 B CN 102201426B CN 201010130080 A CN201010130080 A CN 201010130080A CN 102201426 B CN102201426 B CN 102201426B
CN201010130080.4A
CN102201426A (en
2010-03-23 Application filed by 展晶科技(深圳)有限公司, 荣创能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 展晶科技(深圳)有限公司
2010-03-23 Priority to CN201010130080.4A priority Critical patent/CN102201426B/en
2011-09-28 Publication of CN102201426A publication Critical patent/CN102201426A/en
2016-05-04 Publication of CN102201426B publication Critical patent/CN102201426B/en
239000007769 metal materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
230000000994 depressed Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
A kind of light emitting diode, it comprises a transparency carrier and multiple ray structures unit. Each ray structure unit comprises n type semiconductor layer, MQW active layer, p type semiconductor layer. P type semiconductor layer surface is provided with P type contact electrode, and n type semiconductor layer surface is provided with N-type contact electrode. This ray structure unit further comprises that one extends to the depressed part of n type semiconductor layer from p type semiconductor layer, be filled with metal material, and this metal material extends to the surface that covers ray structure unit in this depressed part. This metal material is divided into two parts of mutually insulated, forms multiple ray structures unit and jointly carries out two electrodes that externally connect. The present invention is by fill metal material in the depressed part of ray structure unit, and because metal material has good heat conductivility, the heat that luminescent layer produces can be delivered to rapidly in metal material, is conducive to the heat radiation of light emitting diode. The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of light emitting diode.
Light-emitting Diode And Its Making Method
The present invention relates to a kind of light emitting diode, relate in particular to luminous two of good heat dispersion performanceUtmost point pipe. The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of this light emitting diode.
Light emitting diode (LightEmittingDiode, LED) is that one can become current conversionThe semiconductor element of the light of particular range of wavelengths. Light emitting diode is high with its brightness, operating voltageThe advantage such as low, power consumption is little, it is simple easily to mate with integrated circuit, drive, the life-span is long, thus canBe widely used in lighting field as light source.
LED generally includes p-type semiconductor layer, active layer and N-shaped semiconductor layer. At LED two endsApply voltage, hole and electronics will be compound at active layer, give off photon. LED is in applicationThe problem facing in process is its heat dissipation problem. If LED produces in the course of the workHeat can not effectively distribute, will affect the luminous efficiency of LED.
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of light emitting diode of good heat dispersion performance.
A kind of light emitting diode, it comprises a transparency carrier and multiple of forming at transparency carrierPhoto structure unit. Each ray structure unit comprises the n type semiconductor layer, the volume that stack graduallySub-trap active layer, p type semiconductor layer. P type semiconductor layer surface is provided with P type contact electrode,N type semiconductor layer surface is provided with N-type contact electrode. This ray structure unit further comprisesOne depressed part, this depressed part extends to n type semiconductor layer from p type semiconductor layer. This depressed partInside be filled with metal material, and this metal material extends to the surface that covers ray structure unit.This metal material is divided into two parts of mutually insulated, forms multiple ray structures unit and jointly carries outTwo electrodes that externally connect.
A preparation method for light emitting diode, it comprises the following steps:
A transparency carrier is provided, on transparency carrier, deposits successively n type semiconductor layer, workProperty layer and p type semiconductor layer to form ray structure unit;
Between ray structure, form isolation channel and obtain multiple ray structures unit, sending out simultaneouslyPhoto structure is made depressed part in unit, and this depressed part extends to N-type half from p type semiconductor layerConductor layer, manifests the surface of n type semiconductor layer;
On p type semiconductor layer surface and the n type semiconductor layer surface point of each ray structure unitDo not make P type contact electrode and N-type contact electrode, then make the first insulating barrier, this is years oldOne insulating barrier covers the region except P type contact electrode and N-type contact electrode completely, soRear making metal electric articulamentum will be electrically connected between multiple ray structures unit;
Make the second insulating barrier on metal electric articulamentum surface, then in depressed part, insert metalMaterial, and metal material extends to and covers ray structure surface, and this metal material is divided into mutually absolutelyTwo parts of edge, form multiple ray structures unit and jointly carry out two electrodes that externally connect
Compared with prior art, the present invention by filling metal in the depressed part of light emitting diodeMaterial, because the heat conductivility of metal material is better, and metal material sending out near ray structurePhotosphere arranges, and the heat of lumination of light emitting diode layer can effectively be delivered in metal material, hasBe beneficial to the heat radiation of light emitting diode.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the light emitting diode of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the making flow chart of the light emitting diode in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the light emitting diode of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the electrical connection schematic diagram of the light emitting diode of third embodiment of the invention.
Light emitting diode 100,200,300
Transparency carrier 11,21,31
Ray structure unit 12,22,32
N-type GaN layer 121,221
The first MQW active layer 122,222
The second MQW active layer 123,223
P type GaN layer 124,224
P type contact electrode 125,225,325
N-type contact electrode 126,226,326
Transparency conducting layer 227
Depressed part 13,23,33
Isolation channel 19,29,39
Electric connection layer 14,24,34
The first insulating barrier 15,25
Metal material 16,26,36
The first electrode 361
The second electrode 362
The second insulating barrier 17,27
Furling plating 18,28
With specific embodiment, the present invention is further described below.
Refer to Fig. 1, the light emitting diode 100 that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises oneTransparency carrier 11 and two ray structure unit 12. It is saturating that this transparency carrier 11 can be sapphireBenq's plate (sapphire) or silica substrate. Each ray structure unit 12 comprisesN-type GaN layer 121, the first MQW activity that stack gradually on transparency carrier 11Layer 122, the second MQW active layer 123, P type GaN layer 124, at P type GaNLayer 124 and N-type GaN layer 121 surface are respectively arranged with P type contact electrode 125 and NType contact electrode 126.
As required, described P type GaN layer 124 and N-type GaN layer 121 also can be usedOther semi-conducting materials substitute, as aluminium gallium nitride alloy (AlGaN), InGaN (InGaN),Aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlGaInN), gallium phosphide (GaP), GaAs (GaAs) etc.
Described MQW active layer is by mutual stacking the first III-V family aluminum indium nitride gallium(AlxInyGa1-x-yN) layer and the aluminum indium gallium nitride (Al of the second III-V familyuGavIn1-u-vN)Layer forms, wherein 0 < x≤1,0≤y < 1, x+y≤1 and 0 < u≤1,0≤v <1, u+v≤1 and x=u, y ≠ v. Can adjust on demand gain of parameter between metallic element requiredEmission wavelength. In the present embodiment, the first MQW activity of light emitting diode 100Layer 122 and the second MQW active layer 123 are mutually stacked. Described the first MQW is livedProperty layer 122 and the second MQW active layer 123 can send the light of identical wavelength, alsoCan send the light of different wave length. In the present embodiment, described the first MQW activityThe wavelength of the light that layer 122 and the second MQW active layer 123 send at 380nm extremelyIn the scope of 600nm. As required, also can only have a MQW active layer.
Ray structure unit 12 has a depressed part 13. This depressed part 13 is from P type GaNLayer 124 extends to N-type GaN layer 121, thereby manifests the table of N-type GaN layer 121Face, makes N-type contact electrode 126 for the surface at N-type GaN layer 121. These are manyIndividual ray structure unit 12 further comprises isolation channel 19, avoids light emitting diode 100 to existWhen work, between ray structure unit 12, produce electrically interference and cause ray structure unit 12Between short circuit phenomenon.
For realizing two electrical connections between ray structure unit 12, this light emitting diode 100Also further comprise an electric connection layer 14. This electric connection layer 14 can be according to two light-emitting junctionsElectrical connection between structure unit 12 as series connection or in parallel or series-parallel mode andMake on demand, if when ray structure unit 12 is abundant, also can in ray structure unit 12To form the mode of connecting with combination in parallel. In the present embodiment, this electric connection layer 14 willN-type contact electrode 126 and the another one light-emitting junction of one of them ray structure unit 12The P type contact electrode 125 of structure unit 12 is connected, thereby makes two ray structure unitBetween 12, form the relation being connected in series. In addition, also can be by changing electric connection layer 14Setting, thereby make between two ray structure unit 12 to form the relation being connected in parallel.This electric connection layer 14 can be produced on ray structure unit 12 by the method for vacuum evaporationSurface. Be attached to the side of each layer of ray structure unit 12 for fear of this electric connection layer 14Face and cause short circuit, can arrange one deck first on the surface of ray structure unit 12 in advanceInsulating barrier 15. This first insulating barrier 15 covers completely except P type contact electrode 125 and N-typeRegion beyond contact electrode 126. This first insulating barrier 15 can be silica (SiO2)、Silicon nitride (Si3N4) or diamond-like coatings (DLC). Like this, makingWhen electric connection layer 14, this electric connection layer 14 is except connecing with P type contact electrode 125 and N-typeOutside the part that touched electrode 126 contacts, remainder can not with ray structure unit 12Directly contact, but spaced apart by 15 of the first insulating barriers, thus it is existing to avoid being short-circuitedResemble.
After electric connection layer 14 completes, at the inner metal material of filling of depressed part 1316. This metal material is copper (Cu), gold (Au), nickel (Ni), silver (Ag), aluminium (Al)One of them or the compound between them. This metal material 16 adopts the mode of electroplatingBe produced on the surface of ray structure unit 12. For avoiding producing unnecessary electricity contact,Can be in corresponding place deposition first insulating layer 17. In the present embodiment, thisTwo insulating barriers 17 cover the surface of electric connection layer 14, for isolating metal material 16 withElectric connection between electric connection layer 14. Before plating starts, can first steam by vacuumMethod evaporation one deck furling plating 18 of sending out, the material of this furling plating 18 be nickel (Ni), aluminium (Al),Silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), titanium (Ti), gold (Au) one of them or theyBetween compound. In the present embodiment, this metal material 16 is except being filled in depressed partBeyond 13 inside, it can also cover the surface of the plurality of ray structure unit 12, fromAnd form successional structure. The described depressed part 13 of being filled in is inner and cover light-emitting junctionThe metal material 16 on 12 surfaces, structure unit can increase the area of dissipation of light emitting diode 100,Thereby further strengthen the heat dispersion of this light emitting diode 100. 16 points, this metal materialFor two parts of mutually insulated, form multiple ray structures unit 12 and jointly externally connectTwo electrodes that connect.
In the present embodiment, this light emitting diode 100 is in when work, described the first Multiple-quantumThe light that trap active layer 122 and the second MQW active layer 123 send will be from transparent baseIn the direction of plate 11, shine the external world. Because metal material 16 is filled in depressed part 13Inside, and depressed part 13 is deeply to the first MQW active layer 122 and the second Multiple-quantumIn trap active layer 123, therefore the first MQW active layer 122 and the second MQW are livedThe heat that property layer 123 sends can be delivered to rapidly in metal material 16. And, byIt there is good heat dispersion in metal material 16, outside can be dispersed into heat rapidlyBoundary, thus the heat dispersion of this light emitting diode 100 improved.
Refer to Fig. 2, the employing following steps of above-mentioned light emitting diode 100 are made:
Step 1 a: transparency carrier 11 is provided. Then adopt metal organic chemical vapor deposition method(MOCVD, metalorganicchemicalvapordeposition) is at transparency carrier 11On deposit successively N-type GaN layer 121, the first MQW active layer 122, the second volumeSub-trap active layer 123 and P type GaN layer 124 are to form a ray structure.
Step 2: adopt etching method to make isolation channel on ray structure multiple to formRay structure unit 12, and make electrical isolation between ray structure unit 12. Then, existThe surface of ray structure unit makes depressed part 13, and this depressed part 13 is from P type GaN layer 124Extend to N-type GaN layer 121, manifest the surface of N-type GaN layer 121. Described erosionThe method of carving can be inductively coupled plasma etching (ICP) or reactive ion erosion(RIE) method of quarter.
Step 3: the P type GaN that adopts the each ray structure of the method unit 12 of vacuum evaporationLayer 124 surface and N-type GaN layer 121 surface make respectively P type contact electrode 125 and NType contact electrode 126. Then adopt the method for vacuum evaporation or coating to make the first insulationLayer 15. This first insulating barrier 15 covers contact with N-type except P type contact electrode 125 completelyRegion beyond electrode 126, then makes metal electric articulamentum 14 by two ray structuresBetween unit 12, be electrically connected;
Step 4: make the second insulating barrier 17 on metal electric articulamentum 14 surfaces. Equally,This second insulating barrier 17 can be formed by the method for vacuum evaporation or coating. Then adoptElectric plating method is at the interior formation metal material 16 of depressed part 13. Before plating starts, firstFirst form one deck furling plating 18 on the surface of the second insulating barrier 17 by the method for vacuum evaporation.
In the present embodiment, between two ray structure unit 12 for being connected in series relation.As required, these two ray structure unit 12 can be also the relations of being connected in parallel, orThat series and parallel connections combines, or be between two ray structure unit 12 oppositelyBe connected in parallel, form the ray structure of Alternating Current Power Supply.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the light emitting diode 200 of second embodiment of the invention. ShouldLight emitting diode 200 comprises transparency carrier 21 and two ray structure unit 22. EachPhoto structure unit 22 is included in the N-type GaN layer 221 stacking gradually on transparency carrier 21,The first MQW active layer 222, the second MQW active layers 223, P type GaN layer224 and the P that contacts respectively with N-type GaN layer 221 with P type GaN layer 224 respectivelyType contact electrode 225 and N-type contact electrode 226.
Ray structure unit 22 has a depressed part 23. This depressed part 23 is from P type GaNLayer 224 extends to N-type GaN layer 221, manifests the surface of N-type GaN layer 221,Be used for making N-type contact electrode 226.
This ray structure unit 22 also comprises one first insulating barrier 25, this first insulating barrier 25Cover the region except contact electrode. One electric connection layer 24 is arranged on the first insulating barrier 25Surface, for connecting two N-type contact electrodes 226 that ray structure unit 22 is adjacentWith P type contact electrode 225. Between multiple ray structures unit 22, further comprise isolation channel29, avoid light emitting diode 200 between ray structure unit 22, to exist electrically in the time of workDisturb and cause between ray structure unit 22 and produce short circuit phenomenon.
Be provided with the second insulating barrier 27 on the surface of electric connection layer 24, then at depressed part 23Inside metal material 26 is set. Metal material 26 is being electroplated onto to depressed part 23 surfacesBefore, first evaporation one deck furling plating 28 is on the surface of the second insulating barrier 27.
Different from the first embodiment, the ray structure unit 22 of the present embodiment also comprisesOne transparency conducting layer 227. This transparency conducting layer 227 is arranged on P type GaN layer 224 and PBetween type contact electrode 225. This transparency conducting layer 227 is by the method setting of vacuum evaporationOn the surface of P type GaN layer 224. The material of this transparency conducting layer 227 can be indium oxideTin ITO, indium zinc oxide IZO or zinc oxide ZnO film. This transparency conducting layer 227Can be used as ohmic contact layer, play electric current is fully spread evenly at P type GaN layer 224Effect.
As required, this light emitting diode is also not limited to two ray structures, and it can be alsoMore than three or three. Electrical connection between ray structure also can be true as requiredFixed. Refer to Fig. 4, for light emitting diode 300 inside of the third embodiment of the present inventionElectrical connection figure. This light emitting diode 300 comprises transparency carrier 31 and is arranged on transparentFour ray structure unit 32 on four angles of substrate 31. Described ray structure unit 32Between be provided with isolation channel 39.
Each ray structure unit 32 comprises that a P type contact electrode 325 and a N-type connectTouched electrode 326. Between ray structure unit 32, interconnect shape by electric connection layer 34The structure that becomes to be connected in series.
Described depressed part 33 inside are filled with metal material 36, and this metal material 36 is except fillingOutside the inside of depressed part 33, it also covers the surface of multiple ray structures unit 32,Form larger area radiator structure. In the present embodiment, described metal material 36 is divided intoThe first electrode 361 of mutually insulated and the second electrode 362. This first electrode 361 and formationP type contact electrode 325 phases of the ray structure unit 32 of the section start of connect in series structureConnect the ray structure list of ending place of this second electrode 362 and formation connect in series structureThe N-type contact electrode 326 of unit 32 is connected. Described the second electrode 362 covers multipleThe surface of ray structure unit 32, forms continuous structure. Because metal material 36 is filledAt depressed part 33 places, the heat that described ray structure unit 32 produces in the time of work is passableBe delivered to rapidly in metal material 36. In addition, because metal material 36 is except being filled in depressionOutside the inside of portion 33, it also covers the surface of multiple ray structures unit 32, and it is inevitableMeeting increasing heat radiation area, thus the radiating efficiency of light emitting diode 300 is further increased.
Be noted that above-mentioned embodiment is only preferred embodiments of the present invention, this areaTechnical staff also can do other variation in spirit of the present invention. These are according to the present invention's spirit instituteThe variation of doing, within all should being included in the present invention's scope required for protection.
1. a light emitting diode, it comprise a transparency carrier and transparency carrier form multiplePhoto structure unit, each ray structure unit comprises the n type semiconductor layer that stacks gradually, manySQW active layer, p type semiconductor layer, p type semiconductor layer surface is provided with the contact of P typeElectrode, n type semiconductor layer surface is provided with N-type contact electrode, it is characterized in that, thisPhoto structure unit further comprises a depressed part, and this depressed part extends to from p type semiconductor layerN type semiconductor layer, is filled with metal material in this depressed part, and this metal material extends toThe surface that covers ray structure unit, this metal material is divided into two parts of mutually insulated, shapeBecome multiple ray structures unit jointly to carry out two electrodes that externally connect, this light emitting diodeFurther comprise a metal electric articulamentum, this metal electric articulamentum is by adjacent two ray structuresThe contact electrode of unit links together, and between this metal electric articulamentum and metal material, arrangesThere is insulating barrier to isolate the electric connection between this metal material and this metal electric articulamentum.
2. light emitting diode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, each ray structure listUnit further comprises an insulating barrier, and this insulating barrier is arranged on ray structure unit and metal materialOn the surface contacting.
3. light emitting diode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this metal material be copper,Gold, nickel, silver, aluminium one of them or the compound between them.
4. light emitting diode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, each ray structure listUnit comprises a transparency conducting layer, and this transparency conducting layer is arranged on p type semiconductor layer and P type connectsBetween touched electrode.
5. light emitting diode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this light emitting diode entersOne step comprises multiple isolation channels, and the plurality of isolation channel makes electrical isolation between ray structure unit.
6. light emitting diode as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the plurality of ray structureUnit is the ray structure unit of four series connection.
7. a preparation method for light emitting diode, it comprises the following steps:
A transparency carrier is provided, on transparency carrier, deposits successively n type semiconductor layer, activityLayer and p type semiconductor layer are to form ray structure unit;
Between ray structure, form isolation channel and obtain multiple ray structures unit, simultaneously luminousIn construction unit, make depressed part, this depressed part extends to N-type from p type semiconductor layer and partly leadsBody layer, manifests the surface of n type semiconductor layer;
Make the second insulating barrier on metal electric articulamentum surface, then in depressed part, insert metalMaterial, and metal material extends to and covers the surface of ray structure unit, and this metal material dividesFor two parts of mutually insulated, form that multiple ray structures unit carries out externally connecting jointlyTwo electrodes, this second insulating barrier is arranged between this metal electric articulamentum and this metal materialTo isolate the electric connection between this metal material and this electric connection layer.
8. the preparation method of light emitting diode as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, this goldBelong to electric connection layer and be used for connecting the plurality of ray structure unit, make shape between ray structure unitBecome the electrical connection of series connection.
9. the preparation method of light emitting diode as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described inMetal material is produced in depressed part with electric plating method, before electroplating, first in insulationThe surperficial evaporation one deck furling plating of layer, this furling plating is nickel, aluminium, silver, platinum, palladium, titanium, goldOne of them or the compound between them.
CN201010130080.4A 2010-03-23 2010-03-23 Light-emitting Diode And Its Making Method CN102201426B (en)
CN201010130080.4A CN102201426B (en) 2010-03-23 2010-03-23 Light-emitting Diode And Its Making Method
US12/900,495 US8450765B2 (en) 2010-03-23 2010-10-08 Light emitting diode chip and method for manufacturing the same
CN102201426A CN102201426A (en) 2011-09-28
CN102201426B true CN102201426B (en) 2016-05-04
ID=44655335
US (1) US8450765B2 (en)
CN (1) CN102201426B (en)
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