Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7852010?dq=7,546,338
Timestamp: 2014-03-11 10:46:08
Document Index: 640694228

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60']

Patent US7852010 - Lighting device and method of lighting - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA lighting device, comprising at least first and second current regulators, each switchable among two settings, and at least first and second groups of solid state light emitters. If the first regulator is in a first setting, a first current is supplied to the first group and a second current is supplied...http://www.google.com/patents/US7852010?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7852010 - Lighting device and method of lightingAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7852010 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 11/755,162Publication dateDec 14, 2010Filing dateMay 30, 2007Priority dateMay 31, 2006Also published asCN101573843A, CN101573843B, EP2033278A2, EP2033278A4, US20070279440, WO2007142948A2, WO2007142948A3Publication number11755162, 755162, US 7852010 B2, US 7852010B2, US-B2-7852010, US7852010 B2, US7852010B2InventorsGerald H. NegleyOriginal AssigneeCree, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (48), Non-Patent Citations (30), Referenced by (12), Classifications (6), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetLighting device and method of lightingUS 7852010 B2Abstract A lighting device, comprising at least first and second current regulators, each switchable among two settings, and at least first and second groups of solid state light emitters. If the first regulator is in a first setting, a first current is supplied to the first group and a second current is supplied to the second group, and if the first regulator is in a second setting, a third current is supplied to the first group and a fourth current is supplied to the second group. In some embodiments, a ratio of the third current divided by the first current differ's from a ratio of the fourth current divided by the second current by at least 5%. Also, a method comprising substantially simultaneously adjusting current supplied to a first group, and adjusting a current supplied to a second group.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/809,595, filed May 31, 2006, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a lighting device, more particularly, a lighting device which can readily be operated so as to change the overall intensity of the light output from the lighting device. In particular, the invention relates to lighting devices which comprise one or more solid state light emitters and which minimize or avoid color change when the overall intensity of the light output from the device is changed. The present invention is also directed to methods of changing the overall intensity of light output from lighting devices.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A large proportion (some estimates are as high as twenty-five percent) of the electricity generated in the United States each year goes to lighting. Accordingly, there is an ongoing need to provide lighting which is more energy-efficient. It is well-known that incandescent light bulbs are very energy-inefficient light sources�about ninety percent of the electricity they consume is released as heat rather than light. Fluorescent light bulbs are more efficient than incandescent light bulbs (by a factor of about 10) but are still less efficient than solid state light emitters, such as light emitting diodes.
Color reproduction is typically measured using the Color Rendering Index (CRI). CRI Ra is a modified average of the relative measurement of how the color rendition of an illumination system compares to that of a reference radiator when illuminating eight reference colors, i.e., it is a relative measure of the shift in surface color of an object when lit by a particular lamp. The CRI Ra equals 100 if the color coordinates of a set of test colors being illuminated by the illumination system are the same as the coordinates of the same test colors being irradiated by the reference radiator. Daylight has a high CRI (Ra of approximately 100), with incandescent bulbs also being relatively close (Ra greater than 95), and fluorescent lighting being less accurate (typical Ra of 70-80). Certain types of specialized lighting have very low CRI (e.g., mercury vapor or sodium lamps have Ra as low as about 40 or even lower). Sodium lights are used, e.g., to light highways�driver response time, however, significantly decreases with lower CRI Ra values (for any given brightness, legibility decreases with lower CRI Ra).
Because light that is perceived as white is necessarily a blend of light of two or more colors (or wavelengths), no single light emitting diode junction has been developed that can produce white light. �White� LED lamps have been produced which have a light emitting diode pixel/cluster formed of respective red, green and blue light emitting diodes. Another �white� LED lamp which has been produced includes (1) a light emitting diode which generates blue light and (2) a luminescent material (e.g., a phosphor) that emits yellow light in response to excitation by light emitted by the light emitting diode, whereby the blue light and the yellow light, when mixed, produce light that is perceived as white light.
The CRI Ra of efficient white LED lamps is generally low (in the range 65-75) as compared to incandescent light sources (CRI Ra of approximately 100). Additionally, the color temperature for LEDs is generally �cooler� (�5500K) and less desirable than the color temperature of incandescent or CCFL bulbs (�2700K). Both of these deficiencies in LEDs can be improved by the addition of other LEDs or lumiphors of selected saturated colors. As indicated above, light sources according to the present invention can utilize specific color �blending� of light sources of specific (x,y) color chromaticity coordinates (see U.S. Patent Application No. 60/752,555, filed Dec. 21, 2005, entitled �Lighting Device and Lighting Method� (inventors: Antony Paul Van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference). For example, light from additional selected saturated sources can be mixed with the unsaturated broad spectrum source(s) to provide uniform illumination without any areas of discoloration; and if desired, for cosmetic reasons, the individual light emitters can be made to be not visible as discreet devices or discreet color areas when the illumination source or aperture is viewed directly.
As noted above, �white LED lights� (i.e., lights which are perceived as being white or near-white) have been investigated as potential replacements for white incandescent lamps. A representative example of a white LED lamp includes a package of a blue light emitting diode chip, made of indium gallium nitride (InGaN) or gallium nitride (GaN), coated with a phosphor such as YAG. In such an LED lamp, the blue light emitting diode chip produces an emission with a peak wavelength of about 450 nm, and the phosphor produces yellow fluorescence with a peak wavelength of about 550 nm on receiving that emission. For instance, in some designs, white light emitting diode lamps are fabricated by forming a ceramic phosphor layer on the output surface of a blue light-emitting semiconductor light emitting diode. Part of the blue ray emitted from the light emitting diode chip passes through the phosphor, while part of the blue ray emitted from the light emitting diode chip is absorbed by the phosphor, which becomes excited and emits a yellow ray. The part of the blue light emitted by the light emitting diode which is transmitted through the phosphor is mixed with the yellow light emitted by the phosphor. The viewer perceives the mixture of blue and yellow light as white light. Another type uses a blue or violet light emitting diode chip which is combined with phosphor materials that produce red or orange and green or yellowish-green light rays. In such a lamp, part of the blue or violet light emitted by the light emitting diode chip excites the phosphors, causing the phosphors to emit red or orange and yellow or green light rays. These rays, combined with the blue or violet rays, can produce the perception of white light.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is considered desirable by many people to be able to incrementally dim lighting, i.e., to select from one of two or more set intensities, rather than to select from continuously variable intensity (e.g., as is the case where a rheostat is provided).
The expression �intensity� is used herein in accordance with its normal usage, i.e., to refer to the amount of light produced over a given area, and is measured in units such as candelas.
The expression �substantially simultaneously�, as used herein, means that the respective events each occur within a short period of time of each other, e.g., spaced by not more than one second, e.g., spaced by not more than 0.1 second, even though such events may occur sequentially.
The expression �substantially transparent�, as used herein, means that the structure which is characterized as being substantially transparent allows passage of at least 90% of incident visible light.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As noted above, the lighting devices according to the present invention comprise a first group of solid state light emitters, a second group of solid state light emitters, a first current regulator, and a second current regulator.
The expression �illumination� (or �illuminated�), as used herein when referring to a solid state light emitter, means that at least some current is being supplied to the solid state light emitter to cause the solid state light emitter (and any associated lumiphor) to emit at least some light. The expression �illuminated� encompasses situations where the solid state light emitter emits light continuously or intermittently at a rate such that a human eye would perceive it as emitting light continuously, or where a plurality of solid state light emitters of the same color or different colors are emitting light intermittently and/or alternatingly (with or without overlap in �on� times) in such a way that a human eye would perceive them as emitting light continuously (and, in cases where different colors are emitted, as a mixture of those colors).
(7) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/857,305, filed on Nov. 7, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
As noted above, in some embodiments according to the present invention, the lighting device further comprises at least one lumiphor (i.e., luminescence region or luminescent element which comprises at least one luminescent material). The expression �lumiphor�, as used herein, refers to any luminescent element, i.e., any element which includes a luminescent material.
As noted above, the expression �groups� is used herein to refer to solid state light emitters which emit light of a particular color (or of a substantially similar color). For example, a particular group might include one or more solid state light emitters, each of which emit light having a dominant wavelength which is within 20 nanometers of a wavelength for that group.
The current regulators can independently have any desired number of discrete settings. The expression �switchable among . . . regulator settings� encompasses devices (1) in which the current regulator setting is dictated by the physical location of one or more element, and (2) in which the current regulator setting is not dictated by a physical location of any element, e.g., it can be an operation mode, such as a digital control signal.
The expression �switchable among . . . regulator settings�, as applied to a master currents regulator, as with current regulators, encompasses devices (1) in which the master currents regulator setting is dictated by the physical location of one or more element, and (2) in which the master currents regulator setting is not dictated by a physical location of any element, e.g., it can be an operation mode, such as a digital control signal.
The expression �if the lighting device is energized� means supplying electrical current of any suitable form, from any suitable source to the lighting device in any suitable way. For example, current can be supplied to a lighting device by plugging a cord attached to the lighting device into an electrical outlet (e.g., a wall plug) which supplies alternating current (AC), and/or moving a switch in such cord to an �on� position. Alternatively or additionally, current supplied to the lighting device can be direct current (DC), and/or can be supplied from a battery, a photovoltaic device and/or any other suitable source. Additional components can be added, as desired, and persons of skill in the art are familiar with a variety of such devices, e.g., voltage regulators.
(9) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/857,305, filed on Nov. 7, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND LIGHTING METHOD� (inventors: Antony Paul van de Ven and Gerald H. Negley, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and
(10) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/891,148, filed on Feb. 22, 2007, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHODS OF LIGHTING, LIGHT FILTERS AND METHODS OF FILTERING LIGHT� (inventor: Antony Paul van de Ven, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The expression �perceived as white�, as used herein, means that normal human vision would perceive the light (i.e., the light which is characterized as being �perceived as white�) as white.
(5) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/809,618, filed on May 31, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF LIGHTING� (inventors: Gerald H. Negley, Antony Paul van de Ven and Thomas G. Coleman), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference;
(7) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/859,013, filed on Nov. 14, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES AND COMPONENTS FOR LIGHTING ASSEMBLIES� (inventors: Gary David Trott and Paul Kenneth Pickard), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference; and
(8) U.S. Patent Application No. 60/853,589, filed on Oct. 23, 2006, entitled �LIGHTING DEVICES AND METHODS OF INSTALLING LIGHT ENGINE HOUSINGS AND/OR TRIM ELEMENTS IN LIGHTING DEVICE HOUSINGS� (inventors: Gary David Trott and Paul Kenneth Pickard), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
In some embodiments according to the present invention, any of the features, e.g., circuitry, as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/761,879, filed on Jan. 25, 2006, entitled �Lighting Device With Cooling� (inventors: Thomas Coleman, Gerald H. Negley and Antony Paul Van de Ven), the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference, can be employed.
The third embodiment is also similar to the first embodiment, except that the first series of light emitting diodes is represented as �A�, the second series of light emitting diodes is represented as �B�, and the third series of light emitting diodes is represented as �C�, to signify that the first, second and third series of light emitters can be of any desired respective colors, and the third embodiment also includes a current regulator identified as �N+1� to indicate that the device can include any desired number of groups of solid state light emitters and associated current regulators. For example, in representative additional embodiments:
(1) �A� can signify a series emitters which emit white light, �B� can signify a series of emitters which emit yellow light, and �C� can signify emitters which emit red light; (2) �A� can signify a series emitters which emit white light, �B� can signify a series of emitters which emit red light, and �C� can signify emitters which emit orange light; or (3) �A� can signify a series emitters which emit red light, �B� can signify a series of emitters which emit green light, and �C� can signify emitters which emit blue light. A statement herein that two components in a device are �electrically connected,� means that there are no components electrically between the components, the insertion of which materially affect the function or functions provided by the device. For example, two components can be referred to as being electrically connected, even though they may have a small resistor between them which does not materially affect the function or functions provided by the device (indeed, a wire connecting two components can be thought of as a small resistor); likewise, two components can be referred to as being electrically connected, even though they may have an additional electrical component between them which allows the device to perform an additional function, while not materially affecting the function or functions provided by a device which is identical except for not including the additional component; similarly, two components which are directly connected to each other, or which are directly connected to opposite ends of a wire or a trace on a circuit board, are electrically connected.
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