Source: http://canadagazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p1/2014/2014-09-27/html/reg1-eng.html
Timestamp: 2018-01-21 06:49:22
Document Index: 451601451

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 86', 'art 86', 'art 86', 'art 86', 'art 1037', 'art 86', 'art 86', 'art 86', 'art 86', 'art 86', 'art 86']

Canada Gazette – Regulations Amending the On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations and Other Regulations Made Under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999
Further, the proposed ORVEER Amendments would include an exemption to allow emergency vehicles such as ambulances and fire trucks to have a defeat device that would override the “limp-home” function if it becomes activated during emergency situations. This exemption would ensure that emergency vehicles would have full engine power when required in emergency situations.
Other notable proposed changes to ORVEER include compliance flexibility and changes to vehicle importation, notices of defect and reporting. Compliance flexibility, in the form of credits, is proposed in line with the U.S. Tier 3 regulatory program and would be available for early adoption of the program standards; certifying vehicles to extended emission warranties; and installing ozone-reducing technologies in vehicles. In addition, the proposed Amendments would simplify the requirements regarding the information to be submitted for vehicle importation into Canada. The proposed ORVEER Amendments would also specify that existing notice-of-defect information would have to be available to owners of affected vehicles in both official languages. Lastly, to facilitate the reporting process, regulated parties would be required to submit reports electronically once Environment Canada’s reporting database is updated to include the data reporting requirements of the Tier 3 vehicle program.
Vehicle technology costs U.S. EPA — Regulatory Impact Analysis for Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards: www.epa.gov/otaq/tier3.htm
Vehicle sales Environment Canada — vehicle projections as reported under the following regulations:
Fuel costs Environment Canada — costing data compiled in 2013 by Baker & O’Brien
Gasoline data Environment Canada — fuel quality data as reported by regulatees under these regulations:
Statistics Canada — Report on Energy Supply and Demand in Canada: www5.statcan.gc.ca/olc-cel/olc.action?ObjId=57-003-X&ObjType=2&lang=en&limit=0
Capital costs* 798 5 7 810 716
Operating costs 96 166 170 431 322
Total (undiscounted) 894 170 177 1,241 (not applicable)
Total (discounted) 791 131 117 1,038 1,038
Fuel costs (billions of 2013 $ discounted to present value using a 3% discount rate)
Period (model years)
2017 to 2020 959 143 636 296 72 211 51 607
2021 to 2025 1 014 494 608 412 69 238 51 290
2026 to 2030 1 082 003 628 783 71 720 53 690
2017 to 2020 233 201 11 8 453 393
2021 to 2025 382 372 25 15 794 607
2026 to 2030 438 408 25 16 887 587
2017 to 2030 1 053 981 61 39 2,134 1,587
2017 to 2030 (discounted) 785 728 45 29 (not applicable) 1,587
2017 to 2020 53 69 33 32 57
2021 to 2025 58 94 54 46 70
2026 to 2030 54 86 46 41 64
Table 7: Average cost per model year 2025 vehicle
Estimated vehicle technology costs: model year 2025 Tier 3 vehicles (millions of 2013 dollars discounted to present value using a 3% discount rate)
Business costs 0.39 0.37 0.32 1.07
Government costs 2.08 0.02 0 2.10
Vehicle emissions Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES): the U.S. EPA’s vehicle emissions model used for its Tier 3 analysis.
Air quality A Unified Regional Air-Quality Modelling System (AURAMS): an Environment Canada model that estimates how emission changes impact local air quality.
Health benefits Air Quality Benefits Assessment Tool (AQBAT): a Health Canada model that estimates the health impacts of changes in local air quality.
Environmental benefits Air Quality Valuation Model 2 (AQVM2): an Environment Canada model that estimates the environmental impacts of changes in local air quality.
Table 10: Total reductions in primary emissions of key air pollutants and other toxic substances from all on-road vehicles in Canada due to the proposed Amendments relative to the base case
NOx 10 234 4 27 743 13
VOCs 3 450 3 15 800 15
PM2.5 99 1 721 8
SO2 448 41 404 43
CO 58 328 3 398 751 22
1,3-butadiene 17 3 94 21
Acetaldehyde 45 2 224 14
Acrolein 3 2 16 9
Benzene 146 4 704 23
Formaldehyde 42 2 169 6
Table 11: Total reductions in primary NOx and VOC emissions from all on-road vehicles in Canada due to the proposed Amendments relative to the base case, disaggregated by fleet (tonnes)
Emission reductions from pre-Tier 3 vehicles due to new sulphur standard 7 590 2 958 1 977 952
Emission reductions from Tier 3 vehicles due to new sulphur and vehicle standards 2 644 24 785 1 473 14 848
(pre-Tier 3 and Tier 3 vehicles) 10 234 27 743 3 450 15 800
Heath impacts as avoided adverse events
Episodes of acute childhood bronchitis 115 500 3 500 $1
Days of asthma symptoms experienced 6 600 28 000 200 000 $10
Days of limited activity due to breathing problems 30 000 86 000 910 000 $35
Days of acute respiratory problems 91 000 380 000 2 800 000 $24
Adult chronic respiratory problems (chronic bronchitis) 18 80 560 $170
Premature death associated with air pollution 40 200 1 400 $7,000
2020 140 70 81 300 250
2030 720 410 300 1,500 920
2017 to 2030 4,900 2,800 2,200 10,000 7,200
2020 1.9 0.6 1.9 4.5 3.8
2030 6.4 2.8 8.1 17.3 10.8
2017 to 2030 48.8 19.8 58.3 126.9 90.1
Health benefits 600 2,500 4,100 7,200
Environmental benefits 10 32 49 90
Total benefits 610 2,532 4,149 7,290
Fuel costs 791 131 117 1,038
Vehicle technology costs 393 607 587 1,587
Government costs 2 0 0 2
Total costs 1,186 738 704 2,628
Net benefits (costs) (576) 1,793 3,444 4,662
Central case 4,662
Costs 25% higher than estimated 4,004
Benefits 50% lower than estimated 1,016
Costs 25% higher and benefits 50% lower 359
Costs and benefits discounted at 7% per year 2,722
Health and environmental benefits 2,060 3,540 1,690 7,290
Fuel costs 432 221 385 1,038
Vehicle technology costs 463 584 540 1,587
Net benefits 1,165 2,735 765 4,665
“HC + NOX” means the sum of the hydrocarbon and NOX exhaust emissions. (HC + NOX)
(v) a ground clearance of not less than 20.3 cm (8 in) under any point other than the front or rear axle. (camionnette)
“light light-duty truck” means a light-duty truck 1 or a light-duty truck 2 that has a GVWR of 2 722 kg (6,000 lb) or less. (camionnette légère)
(d) is equipped with an open cargo area (for example, a pick-up truck box or bed) of 183 cm (72.0 in) in interior length or more or with a covered box not readily accessible from the passenger compartment. (véhicule moyen à passagers)
“motorcycle” means an on-road vehicle with a headlight, tail light and stop light that has two or three wheels and a curb weight of 793 kg (1,749 lb) or less. (motocyclette)
(b) in respect of any other of the company’s motorcycles, the classification unit determined in accordance with section 420 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart E, of the CFR. (famille de moteurs)
“family emission limit” means, as applicable, the maximum emission level established by a company for a test group or engine family. (limite d’émissions de la famille)
3. Paragraph 6(1)(b) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
4. Section 11 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after subsection (2):
5. The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 11:
11.1 (1) In this section, “adjustable parameter” means a device, system or element of design that is capable of being physically adjusted and as a result can affect emissions or the performance of a vehicle or an engine during emission testing or normal in-use operation, but does not include a device, system or element of design that is permanently sealed by the vehicle or engine manufacturer or that is inaccessible with the use of ordinary tools.
(2) A vehicle or engine that is equipped with adjustable parameters shall comply with the applicable standards under these Regulations for any specification within the physically adjustable range.
6. The heading before section 12 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
LIGHT-DUTY VEHICLES, LIGHT LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS, HEAVY LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS AND MEDIUM-DUTY PASSENGER VEHICLES
7. The portion of section 12 of the Regulations before paragraph (c) is replaced by the following:
(iii) the evaporative emission family emission limit established by the company for the test group to which the vehicle belongs, which shall not exceed the applicable evaporative emission family emission limit cap set out in section 1813 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR;
(b) be equipped with an on-board diagnostic system that conforms to the standards applicable to vehicles of the model year in question set out in section 1806 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR; and
(iii) the evaporative emission family emission limit established by the company for the test group to which the vehicle belongs, which shall not exceed the applicable evaporative emission family emission limit cap set out in section 1813 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR, applied in accordance with section 103 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter U, part 1037, subpart B, of the CFR;
(2) A vehicle referred to in subsection (1) that has a GVWR of 6 350 kg (14,000 lb) or less may conform to the standards applicable to vehicles of the model year in question referred to in section 1863 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR instead of the standards described in subsection (1).
(ii) for the 2018 and later model years, all of its light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles of the model year in question; and
(b) in the case of the vehicles referred to in section 13, for the 2018 and later model years, all of its Class 2B vehicles and Class 3 vehicles of the model year in question.
1. 2017 20
2. 2018 20
3. 2019 40
4. 2020 70
5. 2021 and later 100
1. 2017 to 2020 38
2. 2018 to 2020 44
3. 2019 to 2020 55
(7) For greater certainty, all companies shall comply with subsection (5) for the 2021 and later model years.
14. Section 18 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
18. The standards referred to in sections 11 to 17 are the certification and in-use standards set out in the CFR for the applicable useful life and include the test procedures, fuels, calculation methods and compliance credits set out in the CFR for those standards.
15. Subsection 19(1) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
20. In sections 21 to 32, “fleet” refers to the vehicles of a specific model year that a company manufactures in Canada, or imports into Canada, for the purpose of sale to the first retail purchaser and that are grouped for the purpose of conforming to sections 21 to 23, 24.1 to 24.4, 24.6, 24.7 and 24.10 or for the purpose of participation in the emission credit system set out in sections 26 to 31.1.
18. The heading before section 21 is replaced by the following:
19. The portion of section 21 of the Regulations before the table to that section is replaced by the following:
21. The average NOX value for a company’s fleet that is composed of all of its light-duty vehicles and light light-duty trucks of a model year set out in column 1 of the table to this section shall not exceed the applicable fleet average NOX standard set out in column 2.
20. The portion of section 22 of the Regulations before the table to that section is replaced by the following:
22. The average NOX value for a company’s fleet that is composed of all of its heavy light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles of a model year set out in column 1 of the table to this section shall not exceed the applicable fleet average NOX standard set out in column 2.
21. Section 23 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
FLEET AVERAGE NMOG + NOX STANDARDS
Light-duty Vehicles, Light-duty Trucks and Medium-duty Passenger Vehicles
24.1 For the 2017 to 2024 model years, the average NMOG + NOX value for a company’s fleet that is composed of the following vehicles of a specific model year shall not exceed the applicable fleet average NMOG + NOX standard set out for the model year in question in Tables 3 and 4 of section 1811 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR:
24.3 For the 2018 to 2021 model years, the average NMOG + NOX value for a company’s fleet that is composed of all of its Class 2B vehicles or Class 3 vehicles of a specific model year shall not exceed the applicable fleet average NMOG + NOX standard set out for the model year in question in Table 4 of section 1816 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR.
24.4 For the 2022 and later model years, the average NMOG + NOX value for a company’s fleet that is composed of all of its Class 2B vehicles or Class 3 vehicles of a specific model year shall not exceed the applicable fleet average NMOG + NOX standard set out in Table 1 of section 1816 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR.
CALCULATION OF FLEET AVERAGE NMOG + NOX VALUES
1. 2017 to 2021 65
2. 2018 to 2021 70
3. 2019 to 2021 74
4. 2020 and 2021 80
(6) For greater certainty, all companies shall comply with subsection (4) for the 2022 and later model years.
CALCULATION OF FLEET AVERAGE EVAPORATIVE EMISSION VALUES
ELECTION NOT TO CALCULATE FLEET AVERAGE
25. Subsection 25(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
(2) For the purposes of section 26, subparagraph 32(2)(a)(ii) and paragraph 37(1)(c), the average NOX emission value in respect of a fleet of a model year for which a company makes an election under subsection (1) shall be the fleet average NOX standard applicable to the fleet for which the election was made.
26. The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 25:
(2) For the purposes of section 26.1, subparagraph 32(2)(b)(ii) and paragraph 37(1)(c), the average NMOG + NOX emission value in respect of a fleet of a model year for which a company makes an election under subsection (1) shall be the fleet average NMOG + NOX standard applicable to the fleet for which the election was made.
25.2 (1) A company may elect not to calculate an average cold NMHC value for a fleet of a specific model year if every vehicle in that fleet conforms to a cold NMHC family emission limit that is equal to or less than the applicable fleet average cold NMHC standard for the model year in question that is referred to in section 24.6 or 24.7.
(2) For the purposes of section 26.2, subparagraph 32(2)(c)(ii) and paragraph 37(1)(c), the average cold NMHC value in respect of a fleet of a model year for which a company makes an election under subsection (1) shall be the fleet average cold NMHC standard applicable to the fleet for which the election was made.
25.3 (1) A company may elect not to calculate an average evaporative emission value for a fleet of a specific model year if every vehicle in that fleet conforms to an evaporative emission family emission limit that is equal to or less than the applicable fleet average evaporative emission standard for the model year in question referred to in section 24.10.
NOX Emission Credits
28. Subsection 26(1) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
NMOG + NOX Emission Credits
26.1 (1) For the purposes of subparagraph 162(1)(b)(i) of the Act, a company shall obtain NMOG + NOX emission credits for its fleets of the 2017 and later model years if the average NMOG + NOX value in respect of a fleet of a specific model year is lower than the fleet average NMOG + NOX standard for the model year in question and the company reports the credits in its end of model year report.
(3) The NMOG + NOX emission credits for a specific model year are credited on the last day of the model year in question.
Cold NMHC Emission Credits
26.2 (1) For the purposes of subparagraph 162(1)(b)(i) of the Act, a company shall obtain cold NMHC emission credits for its fleets of the 2017 and later model years if the average cold NMHC value in respect of a fleet of a specific model year is lower than the fleet average cold NMHC standard for the model year in question and the company reports the credits in its end of model year report.
(3) The cold NMHC emission credits for a specific model year are credited on the last day of the model year in question.
Evaporative Emission Credits
26.3 (1) For the purposes of subparagraph 162(1)(b)(i) of the Act, a company shall obtain evaporative emission credits for its fleets of the 2017 and later model years if the average evaporative emission value in respect of a fleet of a specific model year is lower than the fleet average evaporative emission standard for the model year in question and the company reports the credits in its end of model year report.
(3) The evaporative emission credits for a specific model year are credited on the last day of the model year in question.
Early Action NMOG + NOX Credits
END OF MODEL YEAR REPORTS
36. (1) Subsection 32(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
(vii) the balance of credits or deficits at the end of the model year;
(b) for each of its fleets described in sections 24.1 to 24.4
(c) for each of its fleets described in sections 24.6 and 24.7
(d) for each of its fleets described in section 24.10
(vii) the balance of credits or deficits at the end of the model year; and
(e) for each of its fleets described in sections 26.4 to 26.6, the early action credits obtained for the model year in question, if any.
(3) Subsections 32(4) and (5) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(ii) it has made the election under subsection 31(1) and, if applicable, it has made an election under subsection 31(5) in respect of a group of vehicles described in paragraph 31(4)(a) or (b);
(b) for any of its fleets described in sections 24.1 to 24.4, a statement that
(ii) it has made the election under subsection 31.1(1) and, if applicable, it has made an election under subsection 31.1(5) in respect of a group of vehicles described in paragraph 31.1(4)(a) or (b);
(c) for any of its fleets described in sections 24.6 and 24.7, a statement that
(d) for any of its fleets described in section 24.10, a statement that
(ii) it has made the election under subsection 31.1(1) and, if applicable, it has made an election under subsection 31.1(5) in respect of a group of vehicles described in paragraph 31.1(4)(a) or (b).
(5) A company that makes an election under subsection 31(1) or 31.1(1) in respect of a group of vehicles in a fleet shall include in the end of model year report
(ii) for the 2017 and later model years, the average NMOG + NOX, cold NMHC or evaporative emission value, as the case may be, determined under subsection 31.1(4) or (6), as the case may be; or
(b) the values used in calculating the average values referred to in subparagraph (a)(i) or (ii), as applicable; and
(c) information demonstrating compliance with subsection 31(3) or 31.1(3), as the case may be.
37. The definitions “engine family” and “family emission limit” in section 32.1 of the Regulations are repealed.
32.8 Any report that is required under these Regulations shall be submitted electronically in the format provided by the Minister, but the report shall be submitted in writing if
40. Paragraphs 33(1)(a) to (c) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(c) heavy-duty vehicles other than complete heavy-duty vehicles in section 38 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart A, of the CFR for the applicable model year.
41. (1) The portion of subsection 35(1) of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
35. (1) In the case of a vehicle or engine that is covered by an EPA certificate and in respect of which a company has made an election under subsection 19(1), evidence of conformity for the purpose of paragraph 153(1)(b) of the Act in respect of a company shall consist of
(2) Paragraphs 35(1)(b) and (c) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(ii) bear a national emissions mark that conforms to the requirements set out in section 8;
(3) Subparagraphs 35(1)(d)(i) to (iv) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(iv) section 35 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart A, of the CFR for the applicable model year of heavy-duty engine.
(4) Section 35 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
(1.1) In the case of a vehicle or engine referred to in subsection (1) that is not sold in the United States or that does not have a national emission mark applied to it, a company shall submit the evidence of conformity to the Minister before importing the vehicle or engine or applying a national emissions mark to it.
42. Paragraphs 35.1(1)(c) and (d) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(d) all values used in calculating the average emission values referred to in subparagraphs (c)(i) to (iv).
(2) Paragraph 37(2)(f) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
(f) the emission standard to which the vehicle is certified; and
46. The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 38:
47. Subsection 44(2) of the Regulations is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (c), by adding “and” at the end of paragraph (d) and by adding the following after paragraph (d):
a) une copie des documents de recherche, de mise au point et d’essai qui démontrent que la dispense ne porterait pas atteinte de façon considérable au contrôle des émissions du véhicule ou du moteur, y compris :
49. (1) The portion of subsection 45(1) of the Regulations before paragraph (c) is replaced by the following:
(2) Subsection 45(1) of the Regulations is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (e), by adding “and” at the end of paragraph (f) and by adding the following after paragraph (f):
(3) Section 45 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after subsection (1):
(4) Paragraphs 45(2)(a) to (c) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(c) if not already provided in the notice, a chronology of all principal events that led to the determination of the existence of the defect; and
(5) Paragraphs 45(3)(b) and (c) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(c) the dates on which the notice of defect and any follow-up notices were given to the current owners of the affected vehicles or engines; and
50. Subsection 12(1) of the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations (see footnote 23) is replaced by the following:
51. (1) The portion of subsection 36(1) of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
(ii) bear a national emissions mark that conforms to the requirements set out in section 7;
52. The portion of subsection 8(1) of the Heavy-duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations (see footnote 24) before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Non EPA-certified engines
8. (1) Heavy-duty engines and the engines referred to in section 25 that are imported or manufactured in Canada — other than EPA-certified engines that bear the label referred to in subparagraph 53(d)(ii) — must bear a compliance label that sets out the following information:
53. The portion of subsection 9(1) of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Non EPA-certified vehicles
9. (1) Heavy-duty vehicles that are imported or manufactured in Canada — other than EPA-certified heavy-duty vehicles that bear the label referred to in subparagraph 53(d)(i) — must bear a compliance label that sets out the following information:
54. The portion of subsection 13(1) of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Conforming to EPA certificate
(B) are covered by an EPA certificate and conform either to the emission standards referred to in the EPA certificate or to a N2O or CH4 family emission limit, as the case may be, that is lower than the N2O or CH4 emission standard applicable to the model year of the vehicles under these Regulations, or
(2) Subparagraphs 48(2)(b)(ii) and (iii) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
(B) are covered by an EPA certificate and conform either to the emission standards referred to in the EPA certificate or to a N2O or CH4 family emission limit, as the case may be, that is lower than the N2O or CH4 emission standard applicable to the model year of the engines under these Regulations, or
(5) The marginal note to subsection 48(4) of the Regulations is replaced by “Statement when covered by EPA certificate”.
56. (1) The portion of section 53 of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following:
Vehicle or engine covered by EPA certificate
(ii) bears a national emissions mark that conforms to the requirements set out in section 7;
57. These Regulations come into force on the day on which they are registered.
Canada–U.S. Air Quality Agreement — Ozone Annex (2000). Available at www.ec.gc.ca/air/default.asp?lang=En&n=FA26FE79-1.
Available at http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-99-236.
Available at http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2003-2.
“Control of Air Pollution From Motor Vehicles: Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards” (www.epa.gov/otaq/tier3.htm).
Air Pollutant Emissions Data (excluding open and natural sources). Available at www.ec.gc.ca/inrp-npri/donnees-data/ap/index.cfm?lang=En.
These emission standards are presented in the U.S. EPA Tier 3 Final Rule, “Control of Air Pollution From Motor Vehicles: Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards” (www.epa.gov/otaq/tier3.htm).
Evaporation within the fuel system of an engine can cause unburned fuel to permeate through or escape from fuel line or fuel tank materials. These evaporative emissions are generally composed of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Compliance with the combined NMOG and NOx emission standards would reduce emissions of hydrocarbons, including VOCs, and other toxic substances.
Statistics Canada: Supply and disposition of refined petroleum products (Table 134-004). Available at www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?id=1340004.
Sulphur in Liquid Fuels 2009. Environment Canada. Available at www.ec.gc.ca/energie-energy/default.asp?lang=En&n=AEDFD28D-1.
This preliminary data will be published once finalized.
Forecasts were provided by Environment Canada’s Energy-Emissions-Economy Model for Canada (E3MC), which incorporates historic gasoline production provided by Statistics Canada’s Report on Energy Supply and Demand.
Average values in this fuel cost section were calculated based on a simple average of the present value of costs over the 2017 to 2030 period.
2010 retail gasoline sample data purchased in 2013 from Alberta Innovates Technology Futures.
In this analysis, MDPVs were categorized as either LDTs or HDVs, depending on the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR).
In the total cost calculations, all heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) powered by gasoline engines were included in the HDV class because, as of model year 2022, new refuelling (evaporative) emission control requirements would come into effect for HDVs with a GVWR above 14 000 lb (i.e. above heavy-duty weight class 3).
The impacts associated with a given model year are assumed to occur in the corresponding calendar year.
SO2 emissions depend on the quantity and sulphur content of fuel consumed.
All cost estimates presented in this section are provided in 2012 Canadian dollars using a 7% discount rate over 10 years and represent administrative burden costs related to activities such as learning about new administrative regulatory obligations and meeting new record-keeping and information-reporting requirements. This approach follows TBS guidance on administrative burden calculations under the “One-for-One” Rule.
The proposed administrative amendments to other CEPA 1999 regulations are not expected to result in any impacts on stakeholders, including administrative burden impacts.
Available at www.gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p1/2013/2013-06-08/html/notice-avis-eng.html.