Source: http://www.drarchaeology.com/regs/milepost.htm
Timestamp: 2013-05-22 05:21:01
Document Index: 438724819

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 65', 'art 800', 'art 60', 'art 7', 'art 10', 'art 5']

Legal Compliance - Cultural Resource Management - Historic Preservation
Mileposts, Events, Laws, Briefs 1784 Thomas Jefferson directs the first controlled excavation of
an ancient mound in Virginia, "the first scientific excavation in the
history of archaeology."
1788 Ohio Land Company protects mounds in Marietta, Ohio
1789 Northwest
Ordinance protects Native American property
Society asks members to describe ancient sites in their
1812 American Antiquarian Society founded by Isaiah Thomas 1813 efforts begin to preserve Independence Hall, Philadelphia,
1833 American
Antiquities and Discoveries in the West by Josiah Priest 1839 Albert Koch discovered mastodon bones associated with a
stone artifact.
1846 Smithsonian Institution established by Congress
1848 Smithsonian publishes Ancient
Monuments of the Mississippi Valley by
Squier & Davis'
http://www.siu.edu/~anthro/muller/Squier_1847.htm
1849 U.S. Department of Interior established
of Indian Affairs (BIA) is transferred to the DOI.
1850 Washington's Headquarters at Hasbrouck House acquired by
1855 Archaeology of the United States by Samuel Haven is
published by the SI.
1856 Mt. Vernon Ladies Association of the Union founded by Ann
J W Powell 1872 Yellowstone National Park established by United States
grant under War Department as the world's first National Park. This initiates the policy of setting aside tracts of land in federal
ownership for public use and long-term preservation of important natural and
cultural resources. The land is in custody of the DOI.
1879 Bureau of
Ethnology established
(renamed Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) in 1897) is formed in Smithsonian
Institution by John Wesley Powell. Anthropological studies focus on the disappearing "traditional" Native American communities in the western
Anthropological Society of Washington founded
Institute of America (AIA) is founded in Boston, Adolph Bandelier
1881 Adolph Bandelier's Report
on the Ruins of the Pueblo of Pecos exposes
widespread vandalism and looting of Southwestern ruins
1886-1888 Hemmenway Southwest Archaeological Expedition
1888 American Folk-Lore Society
Mound, Ohio, is purchased, and excavated by F. W. Putnam.
1889 Casa Grande ruins, Arizona, protected by Congress
1890 Chickamauga and Chattanooga Battlefields protected (25 Stat. 961;16 USC 431)
1894 Cyrus Thomas' review of the Moundbuilders in the 12th
Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology conclusively demonstrates
1896 Supreme Court recognizes condemnation of private property
for the public purpose of historic
preservation in U.S. v.
Gettysburg Electric Railway Co.
1902 American Anthropological Association founded
1904 Baltimore and Boston adopt building code restrictions
1906 Antiquities Act of 1906 (PL
59-209; 34 Stat. 225; 16 USC 431-433)
protection of historic, prehistoric, and scientific features on federal lands,
with penalties for unauthorized destruction or appropriation of antiquities;
authorized the President to proclaim national monuments; authorized scientific
investigation of antiquities on federal lands subject to permit and regulations.
Uniform regulations at 43 CFR Part 3 implement
the Act establishing procedures to be followed for
permitting the excavation or collection of prehistoric and historic objects on
Archaeological Institute of America Act (PL
59-182; 34 Stat. 203)
1907 Departments of War & Interior Land Management Agreement
implements Antiquities Act
1908-1909 Archaeology used to document reconstruction at Fort
1909 Territorial Legislature votes to restore Palace of the
Governors in Santa Fe
1910 Society for Preservation of New England Antiquities
1916 National Park Service Organic Act (PL
64-235; 39 Stat 535; 16 USC 1) The Act of 1916 created today's National Park Service (NPS) within the U.S.
Department of the Interior. The Organic Act charges the NPS with a dual mandate
to promote and regulate the use of the national parks "by such means and
measures as conform to the fundamental purpose to conserve the scenery and the
natural and historic objects and the wild life therein and to provide for the
enjoyment for the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them
unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations."
2.5 (NPS Act of 1916) states conditions under which park
superintendents may permit collection of plants, fish, wildlife, rocks, and
minerals, including museum catalog requirements.
1920s Colonial Williamsburg
developed 1922 Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes articulates "taking" rule
in Pennsylvania Coal v. Mahon
Committee for the Preservation and Restoration of New Mexico
Mission Churches founded 1926 Supreme Court upholds zoning regulation in Village
of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.
1928 Library of Congress Archive of American Folk Song
1931 Charleston enacts first comprehensive preservation law and
creates first Historic District
1933 NPS Authority transfers Monuments and
Parks from War and Agriculture Depts.
Works Progress Administration initiates Folklife Programs; HABS
1934 1st National Folk Festival
National Stolen Property Act (18
USC 2314 and 2315)
1935 Historic Sites Act of 1935 (PL
74-292; 49 Stat. 666; 16 USC 461-467)
declared "a national policy to preserve for public use historic sites,
buildings, and objects . . ."; authorized the programs known
as the Historic American Buildings Survey, the Historic American Engineering
Record, and the National Historic Landmarks Survey; authorized the NPS to
"restore, reconstruct, rehabilitate, preserve, and maintain historic or
prehistoric sites, buildings, objects, and properties of national historical or
archaeological significance and . . . establish and maintain
museums in connection therewith"; authorized cooperative agreements with
other parties to preserve and manage historic properties. Regulations on the National Historic Landmarks Program are at 36
CFR Part 65.
Indian Arts and Crafts Board Act (PL
74-292; 49 Stat. 891; 25 USC 305)
1937 Archive of American Folk Song funded by Congress 1945-1947 Interagency Archaeological Salvage Program
1949 National Historic Preservation Trust Act of 1949 (PL
81-408; 63 Stat 927; 16 USC 468 et seq.)
1953 Submerged Lands Act of 1953 (PL
83-31; 67 Stat 29; 43 USC 1301 et seq)
Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (PL
83-212; 67 Stat 462; 43 USC 1331 et seq.)
1954 Supreme Court recognizes aesthetics as a
valid public purpose in Berman v. Parker
CFR 3 Preservation of American Antiquities
1955 Management of Museum Properties Act of 1955 (PL
84-69;16 USC 18f)
authorized the NPS to accept donations of museum properties,
purchase them from donated funds, exchange them, and receive and grant museum
1956 Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 (PL
85-767; 72 Stat. 913; 23 USC 305)
1957 Historic American Building Survey revived Jacob Morrison publishes Historic
1960 Reservoir Salvage Act of 1960 (PL
86-523; 74 Stat. 220; 16 USC 469-469c)
provided for the recovery and preservation of "historical and
archeological data (including relics and specimens)" that might be destroyed in the construction of dams and reservoirs.
National Historic Landmarks Program created
1962 UNESCO Report recommends preservation of ecological and
1963 NTHP Williamsburg Preservation and Restoration Seminar
issues Historic Preservation Today
1964 UNESCO's International Monuments Year
National Arts and Cultural Development Act (PL
88-579; 78 Stat. 905)
Housing Act of 1964 (PL
88-560)
Lady Bird Johnson's White House Conference on Natural Beauty
issues Beauty for America
National Trust and American Society of Planning Officials issue Planning
1965 Housing and Urban Development Act (PL
89-117)
Conference of Mayors Special Commission on Historic Preservation
issues With Heritage So Rich
National Foundation for Arts and Humanities Act (PL
89-209; 79 Stat. 845-855; 20 USC 951-959)
Federal Water Project Recreation Act (PL
89-72; 79 Stat. 213; 16 USC 460-12 et seq. 662)
1966 American Revolution Bicentennial Commission (PL
89-401; 80 Stat. 259)
NPS announces 10-year Parkscape
National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (PL
89-665; 80 Stat. 915; 16 USC 470)
Section 106 Regulations Summary Section 106 applies when two thresholds are met: 1) there is a Federal or
federally licensed action, including grants, licenses, and permits, and 2)
that action has the potential to affect properties listed in or eligible for
listing in the National Register
Section 106 requires each Federal agency to identify and assess the effects
of its actions on historic resources. The responsible Federal
agency must consult with appropriate State and local officials, Indian
tribes, applicants for Federal assistance, and members of the public and
consider their views and concerns about historic preservation issues when
making final project decisions.
Effects are resolved by mutual agreement, usually among the affected
State's State Historic Preservation
Officer or the Tribal Historic
Preservation Officer, the Federal agency, and any other involved parties.
ACHP may participate in controversial or precedent-setting situations. ACHP About ACHP General Information
Section 106 of the act is implemented by regulations of the Advisory Council
on Historic Preservation, 36 CFR Part 800.
The Department of the Interior criteria and procedures for evaluating a
property's eligibility for inclusion in the National Register are at 36
CFR Part 60.
18 (National Historic Preservation Act of 1966), "Leases
and Exchanges of Historic Property," governs the historic property leasing
and exchange provisions of this law.
Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act (PL
89-754; 80 Stat. 1270; 42 USC 1500)
Department of Transportation Act of 1966 (PL
89-670; 80 Stat. 574; 80 Stat 931)
stated in Sec 4(f) that the secretary of transportation shall not
approve any program or project which requires the use of any land from a historic site unless (1)
such program includes all possible planning to minimize harm to such ... historic site resulting from such
Federal Aid Highway Act of 1966 (PL
89-574; 80 Stat. 771; 23 USC 135)
Several statutes governing the actions of the Department of Transportation and its
- the Federal Highway Administration, the Coast Guard, the Federal Aviation Administration and the Federal Transit Administration, among them
- include strong historic preservation measures. {327} The language in these authorities was originally enacted as Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act, signed into law the same day as NHPA: October 15, 1966. {328} Although Section 4(f) has been recodified as Section 303 of Title 49 of the United States Code, the preservation provision is still known as "Section 4(f)." As it pertains to historic properties, Section 4(f) only permits the Secretary of Transportation to approve a project that requires the use of land from a historic site if 1) there is no feasible and prudent alternative to the use of that land and 2) the program includes all possible planning to minimize harm to that historic site. The courts have held that it is premature for an agency to comply with Section 4(f) if project plans are not final; the expectation that future planning will minimize harm to historic property does not relieve the agency of its Section 4(f) compliance responsibilities. {329}
Section 4(f) applies only if the project at issue will "use" land from a parkland or a historic site. The meaning of the term "use" has been the subject of numerous lawsuits involving Section 4(f) and, as a result, is well defined. {330} A few courts have specifically addressed the meaning of "use" in the context of historic resources. Courts have held that demolition of a historic structure{331} or removal of part of a historic property constitutes a use of land from a historic site. {332} Other courts found that where there will be no physical use, plaintiffs may attempt to show "constructive use" of a property by presenting evidence of an impact that would substantially impair the value of the property in terms of its use and enjoyment. {333} Courts have recognized noise, pollution, and visual intrusion as constructive uses. {334} However, two courts have specifically declined to recognize constructive use in the case of airport noise impacts on historic neighborhoods, where the average noise levels were less than 65 weighted average day and night sound level measurements
(Ldn). {335} One early court decision rejected arguments that secondary impacts such as noise, air pollution, land-use alteration, blasting damage, and property value diminution would amount to a constructive use of historic buildings. {336} Further, one court has upheld a Federal Highway Administration
(FHWA) regulation exempting archeological sites from Section 4(f) by allowing impacts on them to be mitigated by excavation first pursuant to Section 106 and then determined to be no longer in existence and, therefore, not "used." {337}
The meaning of the term "historic site" was discussed in a case involving a FHWA proposal to aid the construction of a highway through the Moanaloa Valley in Hawaii. {338} FHWA decided that the valley was not a historic site. It based its decision on a State board's finding that the valley was of marginal significance, disregarding both the Secretary of the Interior's determination that the valley might be eligible for the National Register and the Council's conclusion that the valley possessed historic significance. The court held that a property did not have to be listed in the National Register to be a historic site under Section 4(f), that a property likely to meet the National Register criteria is sufficient. {339} Indeed, 4(f) applies to historic sites of national, State, or local significance. {340} Furthermore, the Federal determination of eligibility took precedence over the State board's finding and thus triggered Section 4(f).
Agencies must determine whether historic sites are involved prior to approval of the project{341} and early enough in the process that alternatives to the project are still possible. {342} In one case, plaintiffs alleged that a Section 4(f) statement was made too early in the process, but the court found the timing of the statement adequate because the agency had begun consideration of the alternative in question by the time the statement was prepared. {343} Moreover, the statement called for continual review of the alternative. No formal determination of eligibility from the Secretary of the Interior is required. {344} In one case, the court of appeals upheld Federal regulations that exempted FHWA from Section 4(f) compliance where the historic resources
- archeological sites - were important for the data they contained, not for their location. {345} Section 4(f) did not apply, even though the property had been listed in the National Register.
from http://www.achp.gov/book/TOC2.html
1967 NPS Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation
Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments (PL
90-247; 81 Stat. 783)
Pennsylvania establishes first State Folklorist
Smithsonian hosts 1st Festival of American Folklife
1968 Federal Aid Highway Act (PL
90-495; 82 Stat. 815; 23 USC 138) requires
1969 National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (PL
90-190; 83 Stat. 852; 16 USC 470)
Comment on NHPA and
NEPA Federal Historic Preservation Case Law, 1966-2000 from http://www.achp.gov/book/TOC2.html
Historic American Engineering Record established by NPS
1970 Department of Transportation Act Amendments
Urban Mass Transportation Assistance Act (PL
91-543; 84 Stat. 962; 49 USC 161)
1971 Executive Order 11593 Protection
and Enhancement of the Cultural Environment
(36 FR 8921)
Nixon - instructed all federal agencies to support the preservation of cultural
properties; identify and nominate to the National Register
cultural properties under their jurisdiction and to "exercise caution . . .
to assure that any federally owned property that might qualify for nomination is
not inadvertently transferred, sold, demolished, or substantially altered."
Alaska Native American Claims Settlement Act (PL
92-203; 85 Stat 688; 43 USC 1601-1624)
Import, Export, and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (19 USC 2601).
1972 Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (PL
92-583; 86 Stat. 1280)
Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act (PL
92-532; 86 Stat. 1052; 33 USC 1401 et seq.)
Pre-Columbian Monumental and Architectural Sculpture &
Murals Act (PL 92-587)
1973 American Revolution Bicentennial Act (PL
93-179; 87 Stat. 697)
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation issues Procedures
for the Protection of Historic and Cultural Properties
CFR 800) "Protection of Historic and Cultural Properties," includes
regulations of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation to implement
Section 106 of the NHPA as amended and
presidential directives issued pursuant thereto.
1974 Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (PL
93-383; 88 Stat. 633; 42 USC 5301)
Historical and Archeological Data Preservation Act of 1974
(aka Moss-Bennett
or Archeological Recovery Act) (PL 93-291; 88 Stat 174; 16 USC 469 et seq.) amends
Reservoir Salvage Act of 1960. HADPA provides for the preservation of historical and archeological data that might otherwise be lost as the result of alterations to the terrain caused by a Federal or federally licensed activity or program. {347} To carry out the purposes of the act, HADPA allows for the transfer of up to one percent of the appropriations for the project to the Secretary of the Interior. Unlike Section 106, which mandates consideration of historic properties during Federal agency planning, HADPA guides the implementation of mitigation measures once an agency decision is reached.
Amtrak Improvement Act of 1974 (PL
93-496; 49 USC 1653)
USDI establishes Interagency Archaeological Services Division
National Endowment for the Arts establishes Folk Arts Program
1975 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of
1975 (PL 93-638; 88 Stat 2206)
Conservation Foundation sponsors 1st national conference on
1976 Land and Water Conservation Fund Act (PL
94-422; 90 Stat. 1313; 16 USC 460-4 et seq.)
National Historic Preservation Act Amendments (PL
94-422) enact Executive Order 11593 into law
Tax Reform Act of 1976 (PL
94-455;90 Stat. 1525; 26 USC 1) provides tax incentives to encourage the
preservation of commercial historic structures.
American Folklife Preservation Act (PL
94-201; 20 USC 2101-2107)
Mining in National Parks Act (PL
94-429; 16 USC 1908) provided for curtailment or increased regulation of mining
in the parks; directed the secretary of the interior to monitor national
historic and natural landmarks for mining threats and seek the advice of the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation on mitigating measures.
General Authorities Act Amendments (PL
94-458) allowed the secretary of the interior "to withhold from
disclosure to the public, information relating to the location of sites or
objects listed on the National Register whenever he determines that the
disclosure of specific information would create a risk of destruction or harm to
such sites or objects."
Public Buildings Cooperative Use Act (PL
94-541; 40 USC 601a) required the General Services Administration to acquire
space for federal agencies in buildings of architectural or cultural
significance where feasible; amended the Architectural Barriers Act of August
12, 1968, relating to the accessibility of certain buildings to the physically
Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 is
"organic act" that establishes the agency's multiple-use mandate to
serve present and future generations.
1977 Smithsonian Office of Folklife Programs
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (PL
95-87; 91 Stat. 445; 30 USC 1201 et seq.)
National Center for Preservation Law founded.
36 CFR 63 Determination
of eligibility for inclusion in the national register of historic places
Act (PL
95-341; 92 Stat 46a; 42 USC 1996)
declared "the policy of the United States to protect and preserve for
American Indians their inherent right of freedom to believe, express and
exercise the traditional religions of the American Indian, Eskimo, Aleut, and
Native Hawaiians, including, but not limited to access to sites, use and
possession of sacred objects, and the freedom to worship through ceremonial
and traditional rites." AIRFA protects the rights of Native Americans to exercise their traditional religions by ensuring access to sites, use and possession of sacred objects, and the freedom to worship through ceremonials and traditional rites. {358} The intent of AIRFA has been interpreted as ensuring that Native Americans obtain First Amendment protection, but not to grant them rights in excess of the First Amendment. {359} Because such sites may be eligible for inclusion in the National Register, any effects that may occur, as a result of providing access to them, may trigger Section 106 review under NHPA. {360}
Tax Revenue Act of 1978 (PL
95-600; 92 Stat. 2763; 26 USC 167-191) adds
10% tax credit for rehabilitating income-producing historic buildings
Supreme Court upholds New York City Landmarks Law in Penn
Central Transportation Co. v. New York City
1979 Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979
(PL96-95;
93 Stat. 721; 16 USC 470)
defined archeological resources as any material remains of past human life or
activities that are of archeological interest and at least 100 years old;
required federal permits for their excavation or removal and set penalties for
violators; provided for preservation and custody of excavated materials,
records, and data; provided for confidentiality of archeological site locations;
encouraged cooperation with other parties to improve protection of archeological
resources. Amended in 1988 to require development of plans for surveying public
lands for archeological resources and systems for reporting incidents of
ARPA is designed to protect archeological resources on Federal and Indian lands and to encourage the exchange of information pertaining to such properties between the Federal Government and the archeological community. {348} ARPA strengthens its predecessor HADPA by providing specific permit procedures that all persons, including private applicants as well as State and Federal agencies, must follow prior to excavating or removing any archeological resource on Federal or Indian lands. {349} Unlike
NHPA, ARPA provides both civil and criminal penalties for failure to comply with the act. {350} ARPA does contain a confidentiality provision similar to
NHPA. {351} from http://www.achp.gov/book/TOC2.html
ARPA is implemented by uniform regulations and Interior-specific
regulations, both at 43 CFR Part 7
National Preservation Conference at Williamsburg recommends
expanding definition of historic
property to include folk, ethnic, and traditional use patterns.
1980 National Historic Preservation Act Amendments (PL
96-515;94 Stat 2987;16 USC 470 et seq.)
Title IV of National Historic Preservation Act Amendments directed the
secretary of the interior to nominate properties of international significance
to the World Heritage List; required federal agencies to consider the effects of
their undertakings on properties outside the United States on the World Heritage
List or on the applicable countries' equivalents of the National Register.
Central Idaho Wilderness Act of 1980 (PL
96-312; 94 Stat 948; 16 USC 1274)
Chaco Canyon National Historical Park (V:
PL 96-550) 1981 Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (PL
97-34; 95 Stat 172)
60 National Register of Historic Places (NHPA and EO 11593), addresses concurrent state and federal nominations, nominations by
federal agencies, revision of nominations, and removal of properties from the
1983 US Convention on Cultural Property Implementation Act (PL
97-446; 96 Stat 2350-2363; 19 USC 2601-2613)
CFR 61 State, Tribal, and Local Historic Preservation Programs (updated 1999)
includes minimum professional qualification for archaeologists and historians
required to perform identification, evaluation, registration, and treatment
activities. see NPS
Amendments to 36 CFR 65 National Historic
Landmarks Program (Historic Sites Act of 1935), "National Historic
Landmarks Program," establishes criteria and procedures for identifying
properties of national significance, designating them as national historic
landmarks, revising landmark boundaries, and removing landmark designations.
1984 Arctic Research Policy Act (PL
98-373)
CFR 7 Protection of Archaeological Resources (Archaeological Resources
Protection Act, amended), "Protection of Archeological Resources,
Uniform Regulations" and "Department of the Interior Supplemental
Regulations," provides definitions, standards, and procedures for federal
land managers to protect archeological resources and provides further guidance
for Interior bureaus on definitions, permitting procedures, and civil penalty
1985 36 CFR 78 Waiver of Federal Agency Responsibilities under
section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act.
Waiver of Responsibility to protect Historic Properties for National
1986 Sec. 48(g) and 170(h) Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (94
Stat. 3204; 26 USC 170(h))
1987 Amendments to Department of Transportation Act (PL
100-17; 49 USC 303)
Abandoned Shipwrecks Act of 1987 (PL
100-298; 102 Stat. 432; 43 USC 2101) asserts U.S. Government title to three
categories of abandoned shipwrecks: those embedded in a state's submerged lands;
those embedded in coralline formations protected by a state on its submerged
lands, and those located on a state's lands that are included or determined
eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. The law then
transfers title for a majority of those shipwrecks to the respective states, and
provides that states develop policies for management of the wrecks so as to
protect natural resources, permit reasonable public access, and allow for
recovery of shipwrecks consistent with the protection of historical values and
environmental integrity of wrecks and sites.
1988 Archeological Resources Protection Act Amendments
100-555; 100-588; 102 Stat. 2778; 102 Stat. 2983; 16 USC 470 mm)
Federal Cave Resources Protection Act of 1988 (PL
100-691)
National Film Preservation Act of 1988 and 1992 (PL
100-446 and PL 102-307)
1989 National Museum of the American Indian Act of 1989 (PL
101-85)
101-601; 25 USC 3001)
NAGPRA requires Federal agencies and museums to inventory their holdings of Native American cultural items and return
some items to Indian tribes and other Native American groups. {352} The definition of "Indian tribe" in NAGPRA has been interpreted to include an Indian group or community of Indians that the Secretary does not acknowledge as an Indian tribe. {353} However, this decision was reached prior to promulgation of NAGPRA regulations which generally define "Indian tribe" as those recognized by the Secretary of Interior. {354} The act also provides that any intentional excavation and removal of Native American human remains and other cultural items from Federal or tribal lands{355} be conducted only with a permit issued pursuant to the Archeological Resources Protection Act and after consulting with the appropriate tribe. {356} If an inadvertent discovery is made of Native American remains or objects in connection with an activity on Federal or tribal lands, the activity must cease in the area of the discovery, a reasonable effort must be made to protect the items discovered before resuming activity, and the appropriate Federal agency or tribal authority must be notified. Activities may resume 30 days after receiving certification of notification from the appropriate Federal agency or tribal authority. {357} NAGPRA requirements may overlay Section 106 when undertakings occur on Federal or tribal lands. from http://www.achp.gov/book/TOC2.html
The Secretary of the Interior's implementing regulations are at 43
CFR Part 10. establishes a systematic process for determining the rights of
lineal descendants, Indian tribes, and Native Hawaiian organizations to certain
Native American human remains, funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of
cultural patrimony with which they are affiliated.
Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990 (PL
101-508)
Section 47 of the Internal Revenue Code (PL
101-508; 104 Stat. 1388-536, 541; 26 USC 47) revised
rehabilitation tax credits 36 CFR
67 Historic Preservation Certifications Pursuant To Sec. 48(G) And Sec. 170(H) Of The Internal Revenue Code Of 1986 36 CFR
79 Curation of Federally-Owned and Administered
1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (PL
102-240)
1992 National Historic Preservation Act Amendments
With passage of the National Historic
Preservation Act in 1966, Congress made the Federal Government a
full partner and a leader in historic preservation. The Federal
Government's role would be to provide leadership for preservation, and
foster conditions under which modern society and prehistoric and
historic resources can exist in productive harmony. An underlying
motivation in passage of the Act was to transform the Federal Government
from an agent of indifference, frequently responsible for needless loss
of historic resources, to a responsible steward for future generations.
As amended in 1992, Section
110 of the Act outlines a broad range of responsibilities for
Federal agencies. Section 110 calls for among other things Federal
agencies to establish preservation programs, commensurate with their
mission and the effects of their activities on historic properties, that
provide broadly for careful consideration of historic properties and the
designation of qualified Federal Preservation Officers to coordinate
their historic preservation activities.
Finally, in 2003, the ACHP published advisory
guidelines to assist Federal agencies with real property management
responsibilities in preparing the assessments and reports outlined in Executive
Order 13287, "Preserve America." Agencies are encouraged
to use the advisory guidelines as a template to ensure that adequate,
complete, and useful information is submitted to the ACHP. ACHP Federal Agency Historic Preservation Programs and Officers
1995 36 CFR 68 The Secretary of
the Interior's Standards for treatment of Historic Properties
Order 13007, Indian Sacred Sites, May 24, 1996 (61
FR 26771): instructs agencies to accommodate access to and ceremonial use of Indian sacred
sites by Indian religious practitioners and to avoid adversely affecting the
physical integrity of such sacred sites
Chapter 51 Part 5 Cultural Resources Museum Of New
Mexico Archaeological Records Repository And Cultural Resource Information
Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 outlines general
management goals for the Refuge system including protection and
interpretation of cultural resources.
Order 13175 Consultation/Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
CFR 800 Protection of historic properties
Order 13287 Preserve America - Use Historic Properties-
promote Heritage Tourism March 3, 2003.