Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN100553577C/en
Timestamp: 2019-11-13 18:46:53
Document Index: 116925275

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 119', 'Application No. 60', '§ 119', 'art 48', 'Application No.10', 'art.\n3']

CN100553577C - System for tapping bone plates during operation - Google Patents
System for tapping bone plates during operation Download PDF
CN100553577C
CN100553577C CN 200480023619 CN200480023619A CN100553577C CN 100553577 C CN100553577 C CN 100553577C CN 200480023619 CN200480023619 CN 200480023619 CN 200480023619 A CN200480023619 A CN 200480023619A CN 100553577 C CN100553577 C CN 100553577C
CN 200480023619
CN1835718A (en
大卫·G·杰森
精密医疗责任有限公司
2003-06-20 Priority to US48052903P priority Critical
2003-06-20 Priority to US60/480,529 priority
2004-06-21 Application filed by 精密医疗责任有限公司 filed Critical 精密医疗责任有限公司
2006-09-20 Publication of CN1835718A publication Critical patent/CN1835718A/en
2009-10-28 Publication of CN100553577C publication Critical patent/CN100553577C/en
238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0 title 1
一种系统包括装置、方法、以及成套工具，其用于有选择地对接骨板的孔攻螺纹，以在安装接骨板的过程中(即，在外科手术中)形成带螺纹的孔。 A system comprising apparatus, methods, and kits that are selectively tapped holes of the bone plate to the bone plate mounting process (i.e., during surgery) for forming a threaded hole.
用于在手术中对接骨板攻螺纹的系统对优先权申请的交又引用 For cross-tapping bone plate system of the priority application is incorporated and surgery
本发明基于申请号为60/480， 529美国临时专利申请的35 IJ. SC § 119 (e)并要求其权益，该申请于2002年7月22日提交，该临时专利申请的全部内M包含于此作为参考。 The present invention is based on Application No. 60/480, 529 U.S. Provisional Patent Application 35 IJ. SC § 119 (e) and claims the benefit, filed on July 22, 2002, the entire inner Provisional Patent Application M comprising herein by reference.
背景扶术 Background Rotary surgery
人类骨骼是由206块单独的骨头组成的，这些骨头执行各种重要的功能，包括支撑、运动、保护、存储矿物质，以及形成血细胞。 The human skeleton is composed of 206 individual bones, the bones perform various important functions, including support, motion, protection, storage, minerals, and the formation of blood cells. 这些骨头可以被分为两类：中轴骨骼和附肢骨骼。 The bones can be divided into two categories: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. 中轴骨骼包括80块构成身体重心的骨头，附肢骨骼包括126块构成身体附肢的骨头。 Axial skeleton bone comprising the center of gravity of the body 80 configured, constituted appendicular skeleton bones of the body including the appendage 126. 其中，中轴骨骼包括头骨、脊柱、肋骨和胸骨，以及附肢骨骼包括上肢和下肢的长骨、以及将这些长骨连接到中轴骨骼上的锁骨以及其它骨头。 Wherein the axial skeleton including skull, spine, ribs and sternum, long bones and appendicular skeleton comprises upper and lower limbs, and connecting these long bones and other bone to the clavicle on the axial skeleton.
骨骼中的骨头可能由于外伤而骨折。 Bone bones may be due to trauma and fractures. 为了确保骨骼保持其执行重要功能的能力，以及减小疼痛和外貌损伤，骨折的骨头应该被及时地和正确地修复。 In order to ensure its ability to maintain skeletal perform important functions, as well as reduce pain and disfigurement, bone fractures and should be properly repaired in a timely manner. 具体地，使用固定装置治疗骨折的骨头，在修复中固定装置加固骨折的骨头并保持其对正。 Specifically, the treatment of bone fracture fixation device, bone fracture fixation device in the repair and reinforcement to maintain its alignment. 固定装置可以具有各种形式，其中包括用于外部固定的模具和用于内部固定的接骨板。 Securing means may have various forms, including an external and an internal stationary mold fixing bone plate. 模具最低P艮度地侵害身体，允许从身体外部复位和固定单纯的骨折。 P Burgundy lowest degrees the mold against the body from outside the body to allow fracture reduction and fixation pure. 与^«^目反，接骨板是坚固的内部装置， 其通常由金属制成，直接安装到邻近骨折的骨头上。 And ^ «^ anti-mesh, rigid bone plate is an internal device, which is usually made of metal, is mounted directly adjacent to the bone fracture.
接骨板可以被用于修复骨折，如下所述。 The bone plate may be used to repair fractures, as described below. 第一，外科医生选择合适的接骨板。 First, the surgeon selects the appropriate bone plate. 第二，外科医生复位（断骨复位）骨折。 Second, the surgeon Reset (reset the fractured bone) fractures. 最后，外科医生使用合 Finally, the surgeon uses together
适的紧固件，例如螺钉和/或金属线，将接骨板固定到骨折的对边，从而将骨头固定在其位置。 Suitable fasteners, such as screws and / or wire, the bone plate is fixed to the edge of the fracture, so that the bone is fixed in its position. 安装的接骨板可以永夂地留在原处，或者在骨头完4^r合后被移去。 Mounting the permanent Fan bone plate can be left in place, or bone engagement after completion of 4 ^ r removed.
5具体地接骨板包括多个用于接收如骨头螺钉的紧固件的孔。 Specifically, the bone plate 5 comprises a plurality of fastener apertures for receiving bone screws. 这些孔可以是不带螺紋的或带螺紋的。 These holes may be threaded or not threaded.
不带螺紋的孔可以用于在紧固件位置的可选的角度上提供紧缩。 Unthreaded holes may be used to provide an optional fastener tightening angle position. 特别地，穿过不带螺紋的孔插入的骨头螺钉将装入骨头中而不是接骨板中。 In particular, through holes are not threaded bone screws inserted into the bone instead loaded bone plate. 因此，螺钉将不被限制地转动直到接骨板和骨头接触或压紧为止。 Thus, the screws will not be limited to the bone plate and bone rotate until the contact or pressed so far. 而且，可变角度的螺钉可以与不带螺紋的孔一同使用。 Further, variable angle screw can be used with non-threaded bore. 这就允许外科医生进行外科手术时选择螺钉进入骨头的角度。 This selects the screw into the bone when the angle allows the surgeon to perform surgery.
与此相反，带螺紋的孔可以用于将螺钉锁入接骨板中并支撑骨头。 In contrast to this, the threaded bore may be used to lock the screw into the bone plate and bone support. 特别地，穿过带螺紋的孔插入的骨头螺钉将装入接骨板和骨头中。 In particular, a threaded hole through the bone screws inserted into the bone plate and bone charged. 因此，如果螺钉在骨头和接骨板压紧之前完全装入接骨板中（从而螺钉不能再转动），就可能在接骨板和骨头之间存在间距。 Thus, if the screw prior to the bone plate is completely inserted into the bone and pressed against the plate (so that the screw can not be rotated), the distance may exist between the bone plate and bone. 这个间距可能具有几个优点， 例如通过保持血液流入骨头而帮助愈合，并且在使用可去除的接骨板的情况下，减小不希望的接骨板和骨头的粘接。 This separation may have several advantages, such as by holding the bone and help heal the blood flows, and in the case of a bone plate can be removed, reducing undesirable adhesion of the bone plate and bone. 然而，具体地，带螺紋的孔限制了螺钉的安装角度，这是由于螺故在螺钉和孔之间提供了固定的接合方向。 However, in particular, a threaded hole mounting limits the angle of the screw, which is screwed because it provides a fixed direction of engagement between the screw and the bore. 固定的螺钉也可以作为骨头中的支撑以减小由于骨头的吸收引起的骨连接不正问题。 Fixing screws may be used as the support bone to reduce bone bones due to absorption problems caused by connection errors.
根据生产商关于对给定适应症的最合适的孔的最佳推测，提供不带螺紋的接骨板或带螺紋的接骨板。 According to the manufacturer's best guess about the most appropriate aperture for a given indication, there is provided a bone plate unthreaded or threaded bone plate. 因此，外科医生目前可能被限于使用只是为最常见的骨折所设计的接骨板。 Thus, the surgeon may now be restricted to use only the most common bone plate fracture designed. 然而，尽管许多骨折具有共同的特点， 但是没有两+骨折或骨头是相同的。 However, despite many fractures have common features, but there is no fracture or bone + two are the same. 在一些情况下，外科医生可能需要带螺紋的孔，而提供了不带螺紋的孔，或反之亦然。 In some cases, the surgeon may need to bring a threaded hole, a hole is provided unthreaded, or vice versa. 类似地，外科医生可能发现希望将螺钉穿入带螺紋的孔中，但是需要以常规的接骨板没有提供的特殊角度穿入。 Similarly, the surgeon may find it desirable to screw the threaded penetration hole, but requires a special penetrating a conventional bone plate angle is not provided.
本教导提供了用于有选择地对接骨板的孔攻螺紋的系统，包括装置， 方法和成套工具，以在安装接骨板的过程中（即，进行外科手术时）形成带螺紋的孔。 The present teachings provide an aperture for selectively tapping holes of bone plate systems, devices, methods and kits comprising, in order (i.e., surgery) during the installation of the bone plate is formed with threads. 根据本发明的一种用于在手术中对接骨板攻螺紋的系统，包括： According to the present invention in a surgical tapping the bone plate system comprising:
具有孔的接骨板；和 Having a bone plate hole; and
攻螺紋装置，其包括 Tapping device, comprising
攻螺紋部分，其被设计为当所述接骨板连接到骨头时，所述攻螺紋部分在所述孔中形成螺紋， Tapping section, which is designed as a bone when the bone plate is connected to the tapping threaded portion formed in the hole,
尖头部分，其被连接到所述攻螺紋部分并被设计为沿骨头中的孔 Tip portion, which is connected to said tapping section and is designed in a hole in the bone
洞和/或在骨头中形成孔洞，以将所述攻螺紋部分引导至所述孔，以及 Holes and / or holes are formed in the bone to guide the tapping portion into the aperture, and
轴，其被连接到所述攻螺紋部分并从所述攻螺故部分近侧延伸以与所述尖头部分相对。 Shaft, which is connected to said tapping section and extending to the opposite tip portion from said proximal portion and tapped so.
附困说明 Description attached trapped
图1是根据#导的各方面的用于在外科手术中对接骨板攻螺紋的系统的透视图，包括示例性攻螺紋装置，放置所述攻螺紋装置以当接骨板置于骨头表面时对接骨板的孔攻螺紋； 1 is a perspective view of the system in a surgical procedure for tapping bone plate in accordance with aspects of the # guides for an exemplary tapping device, the tapping device is placed in the bone when the bone plate is placed on the surface when tapping hole of a bone plate;
图2是图1中攻螺紋装置的端部的分解透视图； FIG 2 is an exploded perspective view of an end portion in FIG. 1 tapping apparatus;
图3A是图1中攻螺紋装置的侧视图； 3A is a side view of the tapping device 1;
图3B是图1中攻螺紋装置的选择部分的分解侧视图，特别是攻螺紋装置的攻螺紋部分； FIG 3B is an exploded side view of a selected portion of the tapping apparatus 1, especially tapping tapping threaded portion of the apparatus;
图3C是图1中攻螺紋装置的一般地沿图3B中3C-3C线的剖面图； FIG 3C is a tapping apparatus 1 in cross-section generally in Figure 3B along the line 3C-3C in FIG;
图4是根据本教导的各方面的用于在外科手术中对接骨板中的孔攻螺紋的另一个示例性的攻螺紋装置的分解側视图。 FIG 4 is an exploded side view of another exemplary apparatus tapping hole tapping bone plate in accordance with aspects of the present teachings is used in surgery.
图5是根据本軟导的各方面的示例性骨头螺钉的侧视图，所述螺钉可以与在外科手术中由图1中的系统攻的螺紋孔的螺紋相接合； FIG 5 is a side view of an exemplary bone screw according to aspects of the flexible guide, the screw may be engaged with a threaded hole engaged by a threaded tapping system in FIG. 1 in a surgical procedure;
图6是根据本教导的各方面的与接骨板和骨头螺紋接合的图5中的骨头螺4丁的局部剖面图； FIG 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the coil 4 according to Ding bone plate and bone screw engagement with aspects of the present teachings FIG. 5 bones;
图7-12是根据本教导的各方面的由将接骨板紧固到骨头上的方法的实现步骤产生的接骨板、骨头、以及骨头螺钉的示例性设计的局部剖面图； Figure 7-12 is a by aspects of the present teachings will osteosynthesis plate secured to the bone plate to achieve a partial sectional view of the steps of a method of generating bone, bone, and an exemplary design of the bone screws;
图13是根据;^L导的各方面的示例性引导装置的剖面图，所述引导装置夹紧骨头和接骨板并界定了通过接骨板的孔进入骨头中的通道。 FIG 13 is a; a cross-sectional view of an exemplary guide device ^ L aspects of the guide, the guide means gripping the bone and into the bone plate and defining a passage through the holes in the plate.
本教导提供了用于有选择地对接骨板的孔攻螺紋的系统，包括装置， 方法和成套工具，以在安装接骨板的过程中（即，进行外科手术时）形成带螺紋的孔。 The present teachings provide an aperture for selectively tapping holes of bone plate systems, devices, methods and kits comprising, in order (i.e., surgery) during the installation of the bone plate is formed with threads. 这些系统可以允许外科医生独立地在与用于接骨板的不同孔的紧固件的带螺紋接合和不带螺紋接合之间选择，从而每个紧固件可以分别地锁定到接骨板上或者不锁定到接骨板上。 These systems may allow the surgeon to independently select and without engaging in threaded engagement between the fastener and the threaded hole of a bone plate for a different, so that each fastener may each be locked to the bone plate or not locked to the bone plate. 而且，这些系统可以通过允许孔在选择的角度上被攻螺紋，而允许外科医生选择紧固件接合接骨板和骨头的角度。 Furthermore, these systems can be tapped at the selected angle by allowing the hole, allowing the surgeon to select an angle fastener engaging the bone plate and bone. 图l表示用于在外科手术中对接骨板的孔（或多个孔）攻螺紋的示例 Figure l shows an example in surgery for tapped holes of the bone plate (or a plurality of holes)
性系统10。 System 10. 其中，所述系统可以包括：（1)攻螺紋装置12, (2)具有一个或多个孔16的接骨板14，以及（3 )在接骨板的攻螺纹孔和/或非攻螺紋孔中接收的紧固件。 Wherein the system may include: (1) threading apparatus 12, (2) 14, and (3) in the bone plate hole tapping and / or tapping hole of a bone plate or a plurality of apertures 16 receiving fasteners. 攻螺紋装置可以用于在接骨板的任何合适数量的孔中形成螺紋（以进行攻螺紋）。 Tapping means may be used to form a threaded hole in the appropriate number of any bone plate (for tapping). 在外科手术中执行攻螺紋前，每个孔可以是带螺紋的或者不带螺紋的。 Before performing tapping in a surgical procedure, each hole may be threaded or unthreaded. 而且， 一个或多个孔（或所有孔）可以按尺寸/形状制作以在外科手术中用攻螺紋装置攻螺紋，并且一个或多个孔(或没有孔）可以按尺寸/形状制作，从而它们不能容易地用攻螺紋装置攻螺紋。 Also, one or more apertures (or all of the holes) can be sized / shaped to produce tapping in the tapping device by surgery, and one or more apertures (or without holes) can press the size / shape production, so that they tapping tapping apparatus can not be easily used. 在一些实施例中，可以通过攻螺紋装置在接骨板中形成一个孔（或多个孔）和对一个孔（或多个孔）攻螺紋。 In some embodiments, may be formed in a hole (or holes) and the tapping of a hole (or holes) by a tapping device in a bone plate. 在一些例子中，攻螺紋装置可以是钻孔、扩孔、和/或攻螺紋于每个孔。 In some examples, the tapping means may be drilling, reaming, and / or tapping each hole. 其中攻螺紋装置和其一般用途的其它方面，以及攻螺紋装置12和其特殊用途，被包括在下面的部分I 和III中。 Wherein the tapping means and the other aspects of its general use, and tapping means 12 and its special purpose, it is included in the following sections I and III.
接骨板可以置于骨头18上，邻近骨头的合适的表面。 The bone plate may be placed on the bone 18, a suitable surface adjacent the bone. 所述合适的表面可以置于骨千上（骨头的骨干）和/或置于干骨端上（接近骨头的末端）。 Suitable surfactants may be placed the (backbone bone) and / or placed on the bone dry end (near the end of the bone) on the backbone. 在一些实施例中，外科手术时邻近干骨端的攻螺紋可能更合适，这是由于例如，在干骨端区域的形状和/或损坏形式更加复杂。 In some embodiments, when the surgical end adjacent the bone dry tapping may be more appropriate, due for example, the shape of the bone dry end region and / or damage to the more complex forms. 其中，骨头可以具有至少一个断开，例如骨折20,其可以由接骨板缚住，和/或接骨板可以加固没有断开的骨头。 Wherein, the bone may have at least one break, e.g. fracture 20, which may be tied by a bone plate, and / or bone plate is not broken bone can be reinforced. 接骨板可以使用合适的紧固件连接到骨头上，紧固件例如，在接骨板的孔中接收并与下面的骨头接合的一个或多个骨头螺钉22。 Using suitable bone plate to bone fasteners, for example fasteners, received in a hole of a bone plate and bone engaging with the underlying one or more bone screws 22. 在一些例子中，可以放置紧固件以将接骨板仅在断开的一边或在断开的相对的两边紧固到骨头上。 In some examples, the bone fastener to be placed in the open side of the plate only or fastened to the opposite sides of the broken bone. 在一些实施例中，紧固件可以包括金属线、 夹子、定位销、和/或类似物。 In some embodiments, the fastener may comprise a wire, clips, pins, and / or the like. 其中，在任何情况下，紧固件可以临时地将接骨板保持在骨头上的适当位置,当接骨板被在一个或多个孔中攻螺紋时（接着被移开/替换），或者接骨板可以被保持一个持续长的时间，例如在骨头的愈合过程中。 Wherein, in any case, the fastener may be a bone plate temporarily held in place on the bone when the bone plate is in one or a plurality of tapped holes (subsequently removed / replaced), or bone plate It can be maintained a long duration of time, for example in the healing process of a bone.
可以选择在接骨板中孔被攻螺紋（即带螺紋的），以及孔被攻螺紋的角度。 You can be selected in the tapped holes in the bone plate (i.e., threaded), the angle of attack and the holes are threaded. 其中可以根据X-射线（或其它）图像数据、直接观察、试安装、 和/或引导装置的放置，在手术过程中进行选择。 Wherein X- rays may (or other) image data, direct observation, test installation and / or placement of the guide means, in the selection procedure. 结合接骨板的一个或多个带螺紋的孔使用骨头螺钉可以允许接骨板的至少一部分作为支撑物远离骨头被随意地放置。 Bound to the wells of a bone plate or a plurality of threaded bone screw may allow the use of at least a portion of the bone plate as a support to be freely positioned away from the bone. 这就可以允许骨膜、血管、和/或类似物通过接骨板的下面而不被挤压或损坏，并可能促进更快的愈合。 This may allow the periosteum, blood vessels, and / or the like by following a bone plate without being pinched or damaged, and may promote faster healing. 稍微远离骨头放置接骨板进一步可以允许骨折的骨头的一些程度的自然复原和增厚（例如， 通过钾化作用）。 Some degree of bone is placed slightly away from the bone plate further may allow natural bone fracture restoration and thickened (e.g., by action of potassium).
因此，本教导可以提供将骨头螺钉^X骨头中（例如千骨端）的更大的灵活性，骨头螺钉到接骨板和/或骨头的改进的连接，和/或受伤的骨头的改进的固定和愈合。 Accordingly, the present teachings provide a bone screw may X bone, and improved flexibility of the improved bone screw to the bone plate and / or bone connecting / or injured bone fixation ^ (e.g. Qiangu end) and healing.
本教导的其它方面包括在下面的部分中，其中，包括：（I)攻螺紋装置，（II)用于攻螺紋的孔的紧固件，（III)对孔攻螺紋的方法和将接骨板紧固到骨头上的方法，（IV)接骨板，（V)引导装置，（VI)成套工具，以及（VII)例子。 Other aspects of the present teachings includes the following sections, comprising: (I) tapping means, (II) a fastener for tapping holes, (III) a method of tapping holes and a bone plate the method of fastening to the bone, (IV) a bone plate, (V) guide means, (VI) kits, and examples of (VII).
I攻螺紋装置 I tapping means
本教导的系统提供攻螺紋装置。 The system of the present teachings provide a tapping device. 攻螺紋装置可以包括可以,皮使用或操作以在接骨板上形成螺紋（或多个螺紋）的任何结构，特别是当把接骨板 May include a tapping device can be used or operated in any skin structure formed thread (or plurality of threads) in the bone plate, in particular when the bone plate
i文置在骨头上时。 i paper placed upon the bone. 攻螺紋装置还可以祐:设计为形成和/或沿骨头和/或接骨 Tapping apparatus may further Yu: designed to form and / or in the bone and / or bone
板中的孔洞，以加宽骨头（和/或接骨板）中的孔洞，和/或减少或引出"碎片"（即，攻螺紋装置取下的接骨板材料和/或骨头）。 Plate holes to widen the bone (and / or bone plates) in the holes, and / or reduce or out of "debris" (i.e., the bone plate material removed tapping means and / or bone). 攻螺紋装置可以是实心的或者可以是部分或完全空心的，例如，用轴向钻孔器管中插入。 Tapping means may be solid or may be partially or fully hollow, e.g., inserted into the tube with an axial bore. 其中，攻螺紋装置可以包括尖头部分、扩孔器部分、攻螺故部分、以及驱动部分。 Wherein the tapping means may comprise a pointed part, the reamer part, so tapping screw part, and a driving portion. 这些部分中的任意两个或更多个可以以固定的或者不固定的（例如可转动的）方式彼此连接。 Any of these two or more portions may be connected to one another in a fixed or non-fixed (e.g. rotatable) manner. 在一些例子中，这些部分可以形成为一个整体，例如，作为攻螺故钻。 In some instances, these portions may be formed in one piece, for example, as it is drilled and tapped. 在一些例子中，攻螺紋装置也可以被设置为将接骨板固定到骨头上，例如在骨头螺钉的头部带有攻螺紋结构的骨头螺钉。 In some examples, the tapping means may also be provided to the bone plate to the bone, for example the head of a bone screw having a bone screw thread tapping structure.
攻螺紋装置可以由任何合适的材料制成，这些合适的材料足够坚硬以在接骨板和/或骨头上切出螺紋。 Tapping means it may be made of any suitable material, such suitable material hard enough to cut out the bone plate and / or bone screw. 因此，例如可以根据接骨板的成份选择用于制成攻螺紋装置的材料。 Thus, for example, can be selected for the material composition tapping device according to the plate. 这种材料可以是足够刚硬以将来自攻螺紋装置的驱动部分的扭矩传递给攻螺紋部分，并通常在攻螺紋的操作中保持不 Such a material may be rigid enough to transfer torque from the driving portion is transmitted to the tapping means tapping section, and typically remain in the tapping operation
10变形。 10 deformation. 用于攻螺紋装置的示例性材料可以包括金属、陶瓷、塑料、复合材料和/或类似物。 Means for tapping Exemplary materials may include metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, and / or the like.
尖头部分，也祐:称为导向头，可以净皮i丈置在攻螺紋装置的前端（末端区域），以引导攻螺紋装置进入骨头中。 Tip portion, also Yu: called guide head, the net can be placed at the front end transdermal i feet (terminal region) of the tapping device, the tapping device to guide into the bone. 当进行攻螺紋时，尖头部分可以有助于稳定攻螺紋装置并将攻螺紋装置保持在相对于骨头固定的角度上。 When tapping, the tip portion may help to stabilize the apparatus and tapping the tapping device remains at a fixed angle with respect to the bone. 可选地，或者另外，尖头部分可以有助于以希望的角度穿入骨头中，以在骨头中生成导向孔，或者可以参照、加宽、和/或加深所有原先存在的导向孔或部分原先存在的导向孔。 Alternatively, or in addition, the tip portions may contribute to a desired angle to penetrate the bone, to generate a guide hole in the bone, or can refer to, widening and / or deepening all preexisting or guide hole portion pre-existing pilot hole. 尖头部分可以是足够硬，以当其引导攻螺紋郜分i^v接骨板时基本上不会变形。 Tip portion may be stiff enough, when it is not substantially deformed to guide the tapping points i ^ v Gao when bone plate.
尖头部分可以具有任何合适的形状和大小。 Tip portion may have any suitable shape and size. 一般地尖头部分可以是线性或非线性的，例如螺旋的或曲线的。 Generally, the tip portion may be linear or nonlinear, for example, spiral or curved. 一般地尖头部分可以是圆柱形的， 具有光滑的、有紋理的、和/或有轮廓的表面。 Tip portion may be generally cylindrical, having a smooth, textured and / or contoured surface. 其中，尖头部分的末端区域可以是圆形的、锥形的、和/或或尖的。 Wherein the tip portion of the end region may be rounded, tapered, and / or or pointed. 在一些例子中，尖头部分可以包括钻孔结构，从而尖头部分也可以在^A骨头时在骨头中形成孔洞。 In some examples, the structure of the tip portion may include a bore, the tip portions may be formed such that a hole in the bone when the bone ^ A. 其中，在这种情况下，尖头部分可以包括刀刃、螺旋形通道、和/或锋利的末端区域。 Wherein, in this case, the tip portion may include a blade, a helical channel, and / or the sharp end region. 尖头部分可以具有任何合适的长度，在攻螺紋装置中沿轴向测量。 Tip portion may have any suitable length, in the tapping device measured along the axis. 其中， 一般地,尖头部分至少可以与攻螺紋部分一样长，并且至少可以是攻螺紋部分的两倍或三倍的长度。 Wherein, in general, the tip portion at least as long as the tapping section, and may be at least partially tapped two or three times the length. 而且，根据将与攻螺紋装置一同使用的骨头螺钉轴的长度，尖头部分可以具有选择的长度。 Further, according to the length, the tip portion of the bone screw shaft used with the tapping device may have a length selected. 例如，尖头部分的长度可以与骨头螺钉的轴长一样长、短于或者长于骨头螺钉轴的长度， 其中的骨头螺钉将安装到攻螺紋装置攻出的孔中。 For example, the length of the tip portion may be as long as the axial length of the bone screw, shorter or longer than the length of the bone screw shaft, wherein the bone screw in the hole in the tapping of the tapping device. 在一些实施例中，尖头 In some embodiments, prongs
部分可以具有大约5mm到100mm的长度，其中，特殊的示例性长度大约是8mra， 25mm，和50咖。 Portion may have a length of about 5mm to 100mm, wherein the specific exemplary length is about 8mra, 25mm, and 50 coffee. 尖头部分可以具有任何合适的直径，直径一般小于攻螺紋部分的直径并且小于紧固件的螺紋轴的齿顶至齿顶直径，其中的紧固件将被;故置在攻螺紋部分攻出的孔中。 Tip portion may have any suitable diameter, generally a diameter less than the diameter of the tapping portion and an addendum is less than the threaded shaft of the fastener to the addendum diameter, wherein the fastener is to be; so disposed in the tapping section attack wells. 在一些例子中，尖头部分的直径可以小于攻螺紋部分直径的大约二分之一。 In some examples, the diameter of the tip portion may be less than about one-half tapping threaded portion diameter. 其中，在一些实施例中，尖头部分可以具有大约1. 5mm到4. Omm的直径。 Wherein, in some embodiments, may have a tip portion 4. Omm to about 1. 5mm diameter.
扩孔器部分可以^皮i殳计为加宽骨头中的孔洞，这个孔洞参照和/或由尖头部分形成。 The reamer portion may be transdermal ^ i Shu bone in terms of widening the hole, the reference hole and / or is formed by a pointed portion. 因此，其中，扩孔器部分可以被包括在尖头部分和/或攻 Thus, wherein, the reamer portion may be included in the tip portion and / or attack
ii螺紋部分中或者可以被置于尖头部分和攻螺纹部分之间（例如与攻螺故郜分连接）。 ii threaded portion or tip may be disposed between the threaded portion and a tapping portion (e.g. points connected to the tapping screw so Gao). 扩孔器部分可以由攻螺纟丈部分向尖头部分逐渐变细，并因此可 The reamer portion may be tapered by a tapping screw portion toward the tip portion Si Zhang, and thus may be
以具有一般的截头圆锥体（frustoconical)的形状。 To have a shape generally frustoconical (frustoconical) a. 扩孔器部分可以包括一个或多个切割槽伸长部分，例如，通常轴向地位于攻螺紋装置上。 The reamer portion may comprise one or more cutting slots elongated portion, e.g., generally axially located on the tapping device.
紋。 Pattern. 攻螺紋部分可以包括外螺紋或有螺紋的区域，以沿螺旋状路径引导攻螺紋部分的切割表面，从而在孔中和/或在骨头中形成内螺紋。 Tapping portion may comprise an external thread or a threaded region, a helical path along the guide surface of the cutting portion of the tapping, such that and / or internal threads formed in the bone in the hole. 外螺紋或有螺紋的区域可以具有任意合适数量的通常为轴向排列的螺紋段，例如至少具有一个、两个、三个、或者更多。 External threads or thread segments threaded region may have any suitable number of generally axially aligned, for example one, two, at least three, or more. 攻螺玟部分可以向攻螺紋装置的末端部分（向尖头部分）逐渐变细，从而攻螺紋部分切割出的螺紋向尖头部分逐渐变得更浅，特别是在骨头中。 Min tapping screw portion may be tapered toward the end portion of the tapping apparatus (the tip portion), so as to partially cut out the tapping thread becomes gradually shallower toward the tip portion, particularly in the bone. 因此，攻螺紋部分的外螺紋/有螺紋的区域可以在末端具有更平/更短的齿顶。 Thus, the external thread portion of the tapping / thread may be a region having a flatter / shorter tooth tip at the end. 攻螺紋部分可以包括与外螺紋或有螺紋的区域相交的一个或更多切割槽，例如，在攻螺紋装置上轴向地延伸。 Tapping portion may include one or more cutting slots with the external thread or a threaded area intersection, for example, extend axially in the tapping device. 攻螺紋部分的切割槽可以邻接扩孔器部分的切割槽。 Tapping cutting slot cutting groove portion may abut the reamer portion. 在一些例子中， 攻螺紋部分（或者攻螺紋装置的相邻的、邻近区域）可以包括停止结构， 例如加宽的区域或者横向的延长部分，其接触接骨板以限制攻螺紋部分过多地进入接骨板中。 In some examples, tapping section (or adjacent a tapping device, adjacent regions) may include a stop structure, such as a widened area or transverse extension which contacts the bone plate to limit excessively into the tapping section bone plate. 在一些例子中，停止结构可以具有可调整的轴向位置。 In some examples, the structure may have an adjustable stop axial position.
驱动部分可以被设计为连接到驱动器上从而可以旋转攻螺紋装置。 The driving portion may be designed to be connected to the actuator can be rotated so that the tapping device. 驱动器可以包括任意合适的旋转机械装置，其中例如动力驱动或者手动操纵驱动器、和/或可手动操作的控制杆或手动曲柄。 Driver may include any suitable rotating mechanism, wherein the power driven or manually operated, for example, the drive and / or a hand crank lever or a manually operable. 驱动部分可以包括从攻螺紋部分近侧延伸的轴，该轴可以是圆柱形的或非圆柱形的。 Driving portion may include a threaded shaft extending proximally from the tapping portion, the shaft may be cylindrical or non-cylindrical. 在一些例子中，其中，该轴至少可以与攻螺紋部分一样长，或者至少是攻螺故部分两倍的长度。 In some examples, wherein the shaft is at least as long as the tapping section, or at least twice the length of the screw so that the attack portion. 驱动部分也可以包括，其中例如，凹槽、凸起、脊、槽、螺紋、 和/或有斜面的/扁平的部分，以有助于与驱动器接合。 It may also include a driving portion, wherein e.g., grooves, protrusions, ridges, grooves, threads, and / or beveled flat portion / to facilitate engagement with the drive.
图2和3A-C表示图1中攻螺紋装置12的不同视图。 2 and FIGS. 3A-C represent various views of the tapping thread means 12 of FIG. 攻螺紋装置12 可以包括尖头部分42,扩孔器部分44，攻螺紋部分46，以及驱动部分48。 Tapping device 12 may include a tip portion 42, the reamer section 44, tapping section 46, and a drive part 48.
尖头部分42的形状可以是参照在骨头中形成的导向孔。 Shape of the tip portion of the guide hole 42 may be formed in the bone reference. 尖头部分42 可以包括圆形的前端或末端50和在部分52的后面或邻近的圆柱形。 42 may include a tip portion 50 and rear portion 52 or adjacent the circular cylindrical end or terminus. 尖头部分可以是至少基本地或完全地沿其长度上没有螺紋。 Tip portion may be at least substantially or completely unthreaded along its length. 当扩孔器部分44从尖头部分的邻近部分52向外延伸时，其可以向外张开。 When the reamer portion 44 extends outwardly from the portion 52 adjacent the tip portion, which may be flared outwardly. 扩孔器部分44可以邻接攻螺紋部分46，并且可以与攻螺紋部分共用多个轴向槽54。 The reamer section 44 may abut tapping section 46, and a plurality of axial slots 54 may be shared with the tapping portion. 每个槽的边缘可以界定刀刃56,槽与扩孔器部分（或攻螺纟丈部分）在刀刃56处相交。 Edge of each blade may define a slot 56, the slot and the reamer part (Si feet or tapping screw portion) 56 intersect at a cutting edge. 槽也可以延伸进入尖头部分和/或驱动部分。 Grooves may also extend into the tip portion and / or the driving portion.
攻螺紋部分46可以包括具有多个相邻的螺紋段62的螺紋（或多个螺紋）。 Tapping portion 46 may include threads (or thread) having a plurality of adjacent thread segments 62. 螺紋段可以被划分为由槽54分隔的段组64 (参考图3B和3C)。 Threaded section may be divided into a set of grooves 54 separated by segments 64 (see FIGS. 3B and 3C). 螺紋可以向尖头部分的方向逐渐变细。 Threads may taper toward the tip portion. 例如，禎束示为66的末端螺玟段可以比^t良示为68的近端螺紋段更短和/或更钝（参考图3B)。 For example, Chen beam is shown as the proximal threaded section 68 is shorter and / or duller (see FIG. 3B) spiro Min tip section 66 may show good than ^ t.
驱动部分48可以包括支杆或抽70和与驱动器接合的接口区域72(参考图3A)。 May include a driving portion 48 or the strut 70 and the suction engagement with the drive interface region 72 (refer to FIG. 3A). 其中，接口区域72可以包括环形槽74和/或平面凹槽76。 Wherein the interface region 72 may include an annular groove 74 and / or flat recess 76.
图4表示用于在外科手术中对接骨板的孔攻螺紋的另一个示例性攻螺紋装置80。 4 illustrates another exemplary surgical tapping means for tapping holes in the bone plate 80. 攻螺紋装置80可以包括祐j殳计为钻头的尖头部分82,以在攻螺紋装置的攻螺紋部分84攻螺紋前和/攻螺紋期间，在骨头（和/或接骨板）中形成孔洞。 Tapping device 80 may comprise Yu Shu j in terms of a drill bit tip portion 82 to the portion 84 during the first tapping tapping tapping apparatus and / or tapping, to form holes in the bone (and / or bone plates) in.
II用于被攻螺紋的孔的紧固件 II tapping holes for the threaded fastener
本教导的系统可以提供在^皮攻螺紋的孔中接收的紧固件，特别是被部分I和III描述中的攻螺紋装置攻出的孔。 The teachings of the present system may provide received in tapped holes in the skin ^ fastener, in particular by tapping apparatus illustrating the attack described in section I and III hole. 例如骨头螺钉的紧固件可以包括头部和柄部，其中的每一个可以是有螺紋的或没有螺紋的。 Fasteners such as bone screws may include a head and a shank, each of which may be threaded or unthreaded. 紧固件可以是实心的、或部分或全部是空心的（即，用轴向钻孔插入管中）。 Fastener may be solid, hollow or partially or entirely of (i.e., inserted into the tube with the axial bore).
头部可以具有任—可合适的大小和结构。 The head may have any - may be a suitable size and structure. 例如，头部可以具有任何合适的直径， 一般地至少与柄部的直径一4羊大，或者大于柄部的直径。 For example, the head may have any suitable diameter, generally is at least the diameter of the shank portion 4 of a sheep, or greater than the diameter of the shank. 该直径可以与被攻螺紋的孔的直径一致，从而头部的至少一部分紧密地安装在被攻螺紋的孔中。 The diameter may be consistent with the diameter of the hole is tapped, so that the head is tightly fitted in the tapped holes in at least a portion. 在一些实施例中，头部的直径可以是大约3mm到7mm。 In some embodiments, the diameter of the head may be approximately 3mm to 7mm. 头部可以具有任意合适的长度，在紧固件上沿轴向测量。 The head may have any suitable length, measured in the axial direction on the fastener. 例如，头部的长度可以小于、大约等于、或者大于用于接骨板的设计的紧固件的厚度。 For example, the length of the head may be less than, about equal to, or greater than the thickness of the fasteners used to design the bone plate. 在一些实施例中，头部可以具有足够的长度，以使头部的近端（或者中间）区域被置于接骨板的被攻螺紋的孔中，并使头部的末端被置于骨头中。 In some embodiments, the head may have a sufficient length so that the proximal end of the head (or intermediate) regions are placed in the tapped holes in the bone plate, and the head end of the bone is placed . 在一些实施例中，当紧固件被完全安装好时，其头部的近端部分可以伸出在接 In some embodiments, when the fastener is fully installed, a proximal end portion of the head may be extended in the access
13骨板的上方。 13 above the bone plate. 其中，在一些实施例中，头部的长度可以是大约2mm到6mm。 Wherein, in some embodiments, the length of the head may be from about 2mm to 6mm. 头部可以包括工具接合结构,例如六角槽、直线槽、十字形槽（具有或不具有更深的中心凹陷），或类似结构，从而工具可以与头部接合，并将扭矩传递给头部和柄部。 The head may include a tool engagement structure, such as a hexagonal groove, straight groove, the cross-shaped groove (with or without a deeper central recess), or the like, so that the tool head can be engaged with and transmit torque to the shank and a head unit. 头部可以包括沿其长度的任何合适的部分延伸的螺紋（或多个螺紋）。 May include along the screw head (or plurality of threads) in any suitable portion of its length extending. 螺紋可以是外螺紋（阳螺紋），其被设计为与被攻螺紋的孔和/或下面的骨头的内螺紋（阴螺紋）螺紋接合。 An external thread may be a thread (male thread), which is designed to and / or internal threads (female threads) are threadedly engaged with tapped bone hole below. 螺紋可以包括轴向排列的任意合适数量的螺紋段， 一般为至少两个或者更多。 It may include any suitable number of screw thread segments axially aligned, generally at least two or more. 在一些实施例中，头部可以包括至少三个或者至少四个这种螺紋段。 In some embodiments, the head may include at least three or at least four such threaded segment. 螺玟段可以形成连续的螺紋和/或不连续的螺紋（例如，被轴向槽中断）。 Lo Wen continuous thread segments may be formed and / or discontinuous thread (e.g., interrupted by axial grooves).
头部也可以包括台肩区域、帽状区域、和/或攻螺紋结构„台肩区域可以将头部连接到柄部。例如，台肩区域可以向柄部方方向逐渐变细，从而台肩区域一般为截头圆锥体形的，或者可以是非锥形的。台肩区域可以是带螺紋的或者不带螺紋的。帽状区域可以邻近头部放置，帽状区域可以被设置为限制头部过多地进入被攻螺紋的孔中。因此，帽状区域可以是不带螺紋的和/或可以具有相对于头部的相邻螺紋区域增加的直径。头部的攻螺紋结构可以被设置为形成和/或加深接骨板和/或相邻骨头中的螺紋。 例如，攻螺紋结构可以^皮i殳置在头部的前端（末端）部分。示例性的攻螺紋结构可以包括一个或多个通常相对于头部轴向延伸的槽，并且槽与带螺紋的区域相交。 The head may also include a shoulder region, the cap-shaped region, and / or tapping structure "shoulder area of ​​the head may be connected to the handle portion. For example, the shoulder region may taper towards the direction of the handle side, whereby the shoulder region is generally frustoconical, or may be non-tapered. shoulder region may be threaded or unthreaded cap-shaped region may be placed adjacent to the head, a cap-like region may be provided to limit excessive head more access holes are tapped in. Thus, cap-like region may be unthreaded and / or may have with respect to the adjacent threads of increased diameter region of the head. tapping head structure may be arranged to form and / or enhance bone plate and / or the thread in the bone adjacent. For example, tapping transdermal ^ i Shu structure may be placed at the front end of the head portion (tip) moiety. exemplary tapping structure may comprise one or more generally grooves extending axially with respect to the head portion, and the groove intersects with the threaded region.
柄部可以具有任意合适的大小和结构，柄部可以具有任意合适的长度。 The shank portion may have any suitable size and configuration, the shank portion may have any suitable length. 例如，柄部可以短于、至少等于、或者长于头部的长度。 For example, the handle portion may be shorter than, at least equal to or longer than the length of the head. 在一些例子中，柄部可以是头部长度的至少两倍。 In some examples, the handle portion may be at least twice the length of the head. 在一些实施例中，柄部长度可以是大约5mm到100mm，其中，特殊的示例性长度包括8mm, lOmm, 25咖，50咖， 或70mm。 In some embodiments, the shank length may be about 5mm to 100mm, wherein the length includes an exemplary special 8mm, lOmm, 25 coffee, coffee 50, or 70mm. 柄部可以M够长以延伸穿过骨头到达反向的骨头表层（对于双层（bicortical)紧固件），以延伸进入松质骨中，和/或在邻近接骨板的表皮中终止（对于单层（a imicortical)紧固件）。 M can handle long enough to extend through the bone reaches the reverse surface of the bone (for double-layer (bicortical) fasteners), to extend into the cancellous bone, and / or termination of skin adjacent the bone plate (for monolayer (a imicortical) fasteners). 在一些实施例中， 紧固件上可以没有柄部。 In some embodiments, there may be no fastener shank. 柄部可以包括沿柄部的长度的任何合适的部分设置的螺紋（或多个螺紋），例如至少基本地沿柄部的整个长度设置。 May include a threaded shank portion (threaded or more) in any suitable part along the length of the shank portion is provided, for example, disposed at least substantially along the entire length of the handle. 螺紋可以与头部上的螺紋具有相同的螺距，或者可以与头部上的螺紋具有不同的螺距，即，不变的或者可变的更小或更大的螺^_。 Screw threads may have the same pitch on the head, or may have different pitches the thread on the head, i.e., constant or variable smaller or larger spiro ^ _. 柄部可以包括^皮i殳置为形成和/或加深骨头中的螺紋的攻螺紋结构，例如在用于引导攻螺紋装置的导向孔中。 The handle may include a transdermal ^ i Shu set formation and / or deepening tapping screw in the bone structure, for example in the guide hole for guiding the tapping device. 例如，攻螺紋结构可以,皮置于柄部的前端（末端）部分。 For example, tapping structure may be, to the front shank portion of the skin (tip) portion. 示例性攻螺紋结构可以包括一个或多个一般相对于柄部轴向延伸的切割槽，并与带螺紋的区域相交。 Exemplary tapping structure may comprise one or more generally with respect to the cutting groove axially extending shank portions, and intersects the threaded region.
合适的示例性紧固件的大小和螺距包括在下面的专利申请中：2004 年2月26日提交的美国临时专利申请60/548, 685,该申请被引入本发明中作为参考。 Exemplary of suitable size and pitch of the fastener comprising in the following patent applications: U.S. Provisional Patent 26 February 2004, filed 60/548, 685, which application is incorporated herein by reference.
图5表示示例性骨头螺钉110，其可以与外科手术中被攻螺紋的孔进行螺紋接合，例如被图1-4中的攻螺紋装置攻出的孔。 FIG 5 illustrates an exemplary bone screw 110 which may be threaded hole tapping and surgery threaded engagement, for example, out of the tapping device tapping holes in Figures 1-4. 骨头螺钉110可以包括头部112和柄部114。 Bone screw 110 may include a head 112 and a shank portion 114.
头部112可以包括任意合适的结构。 Head portion 112 may include any suitable structure. 例如，头部可以包括带螺紋的区域116,其在头部的大部分长度上延伸。 For example, head 116 may comprise a threaded region, which extends over most of the length of the head. 带螺紋区域116可以包括螺紋118， 螺紋118与多个槽120相交以形成攻螺紋结构122,每个攻螺紋结构122 具有刀刃124。 The threaded region 116 may include threads 118, threads 118 and 120 intersect to form a plurality of grooves tapping structure 122, each having a cutting edge structure 122 tapping 124. 头部还可以包括帽状区域126，其形成头部的近端区域。 The head may further include a cap-shaped region 126, which forms the proximal end region of the head. 而且，头部可以包括工具接合结构128，以将扭矩传递给骨头螺钉，台肩130形成头部和柄部之间的过渡。 Further, the head may include a tool engaging structure 128 to transmit torque to the bone screw, the shoulder 130 forms a transition between the head and the handle.
柄部114可以包括任意合适的结构。 Handle 114 may include any suitable structure. 例如，柄部可以包括具有螺紋134 的带螺紋区域132。 For example, the handle portion may include a screw 134 having a threaded region 132. 而且，柄部的末端可以包括一个或多个槽136以形成一个或多个攻螺紋结构138，每个攻螺紋结构138具有刀刃139。 Further, the end portion of the handle may include one or more slots 136 to form one or more tapping structure 138, each blade 138 has a tapping structure 139.
图6表示与接骨板140和骨头142螺故接合的骨头螺钉110。 Figure 6 shows the bone screw 142 and bone plate 140 so that the bone screw 110 engaged. 头部112 的近端区域可以穿入接骨板的被攻螺紋的孔144中，如146所示。 Tapped hole 144 is a proximal region of the head 112 may penetrate the bone plate, as shown in 146. 头部可以与接骨板的外表面平齐，置于外表面之下，或者可以突出在接骨板的外表面之上一些，如本图所示。 Head can be flush with the outer surface of the bone plate, placed under the outer surface, or some may protrude above the outer surface of the bone plate, as shown in FIG. 头部的末端区域可以穿入骨头的被攻螺紋的皮层区域，如148所示。 End region of the head can penetrate into the bone tapping cortical regions, such as 148 in FIG. 柄部114可以延伸ii^例如骨头142的下面的/ 相对的皮层、松质骨、和/或髓质区域中，以与骨头螺纟丈接合。 Handle 114 may extend e.g. ii ^ / opposing cortical, cancellous bone, and / or the underlying bone medulla region 142 to engage with the bone screw Si feet. III攻螺紋孔的方法以及将接骨板固定到骨头上的方法本教导的系统还提供了攻螺紋孔和/或将接骨板固定到骨头上的方 Method III tapping hole and a method of the bone plate to the bone fixing system of the present teachings also provide a tapping hole and / or the bone plate to the bone side
15法。 15 law. 在其它步骤中，这些方法可以包括下述步骤的任意合适的组合，以任 In another step, these methods may include any suitable combination of the steps, in any
意合适的顺序执行，以任意合适的次数执行：（1)选择接骨板，（2 )将接骨板放置在骨头上，（3)将接骨板连接到骨头上，（3)在骨头中形成导向孔，（4)对接骨板的孔(或多个孔）攻螺紋，和/或（5)将紧固件(或多个）放置在孔（或多个孔）中。 Intended suitable order, any suitable number of times to execute: (1) selecting a bone plate, (2) the bone plate on the bone, (3) connecting the bone plate to the bone, (3) forming a guide in a bone hole (4) of bone plate holes (or apertures) tapping, and / or (5) of the fastener (s) placed in a well (or wells). 这些方法可以允许外科医生一个孔一个孔地确定接骨板和骨头之间的间距，每个紧固件与接骨板的锁定接合和非锁定接合，和/或紧固件延伸通过接骨板并进入骨头的角度（或多个角度）。 These methods may allow a surgeon to bore a hole spacing is determined between the bone plate and bone, and a non-locking engagement of each locking engagement with the bone plate fastener, and / or fasteners extend through the bone plate and into the bone angle (or angles). 因此，这里所述的方法可以为外科医生提供安装接骨板的更多选择，这就使接骨板的固定更安全和/或合适。 Thus, the methods described herein may provide more options to install a bone plate for the surgeon, which makes safer fixing the bone plate and / or suitable.
图7-12表示接骨板、骨头、和骨头螺钉的示例性结构，该结构可以通过执行对孔攻螺紋和/或将接骨板固定到骨头上的方法的示例性步骤产生。 FIG. 7-12 represents a bone plate, bone, and the bone screw exemplary structure, the structure may by performing a tapping hole and / or the bone plate is secured to the exemplary steps of a method of generating bone. 关于上面的方法步骤，在下面的段落中描述这些结构。 About the above process steps, these structures described in the following paragraphs.
可以选择接骨板。 You can be selected bone plate. 接骨板可以是用于特定目标骨头或骨头区域的预定形状，和/或可以在外冉手术中被定形/调整。 Plates may be a predetermined shape for a particular bone or bone region of the target, and / or surgery may be shaped outer Ran / adjustment. 接骨板可以具有任意合适数量的孔，包括不含有孔、 一个孔、或更多孔，并且孔在形状和/或大小上可以相似，或者可以是两种或更多不同形状和/或大小，以有助于在外科手术中攻螺紋和/或不需在外科手术中攻螺紋而直接进行骨头螺钉的放置。 The bone plate may have any suitable number of holes, including the hole does not contain a hole, or more holes, and the holes may be similar in shape and / or size, or may be two or more different shapes and / or sizes, to facilitate tapping and / or without tapping in surgery and a bone screw is placed directly in a surgical procedure. 裙:设置为被攻螺紋的孔可以包括墙壁区域（脊面），其一般垂直的延伸到接骨板界定的局部长乘宽的平面，例如形成圆柱形孔的墙壁E域。 Skirt: configured to be tapped bore wall may include areas (lands), which extends generally perpendicular to the plane of the Minister of the bone plate to the width defined by the Bureau, for example, a cylindrical hole wall E domain. 可以邻近墙壁区域放置埋头孔，从而孔超出接骨板的外表面向外扩张。 It can be placed adjacent the countersink wall region, so that the holes beyond the outer bone plate facing an expanded. ' '
接骨板可以被放置在骨头上。 The bone plate may be placed on the bone. 通过轴向地和/或才黄向地延伸到骨头， 接骨板可以被置于骨头的表面上，并可以横跨骨头的中断处。 By circumferentially extending axially and / or to the bone before the yellow, the bone plate may be placed on the surface of the bone and across the bone can be interrupted. 例如，图7 表示放置在具有骨折154的骨头152表面上的接骨板150的轴向横截面图。 For example, FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view placed in a bone plate on the axial surface 152 154 150 of the fractured bone. 接骨板可以被置于具有表皮156和髓质管158的骨头区域上，和/或可以与骨头的髓质管隔开（例如邻近骨头末端附近的千骨端区域）。 The bone plate may be placed on a skin area of ​​the bone 156 and the medullary canal 158, and / or may be separated (e.g. Qiangu end region near the end adjacent the bone) and bone medullary canal.
接骨板可以被连接到骨头上。 The bone plate may be attached to the bone. 执行连接的步骤以在外科手术中攻螺紋和/或后续的放置紧固件过程中，限制接骨板相对于骨头的移动。 Step tapping connected to and / or during the subsequent placement of the fastener in a surgical procedure, the bone plate relative to restrict movement of the bone. 因此， 连接的步骤可以将接骨板固定到骨头上，从而将接骨板固定在适当的位置。 Thus, the step of connecting the bone plate may be secured to the bone so that the bone plate is fixed in place. 可以用一个或更多紧固件执行连接的步骤，紧固件例如螺钉、销、金属线，等等，其通过接骨板的孔放置。 One or more steps may be performed fasteners attached, fasteners such as screws, pins, wires, etc., which is placed through the hole of a bone plate. 例如，图7表示使用骨头螺钉160 将接骨板150固定到骨头152上，在将被攻螺紋的孔164的侧面的孔162 中接收骨头螺钉160。 For example, FIG. 7 shows the use of bone screws 160 bone plate 150 to bone 152, bone screw receiving holes 160 in the side surface 162 to be tapped bore 164. 对于连接步骤，可以选择任意合适的孔（或多个孔）。 For the coupling step, you may be selected in any suitable hole (or holes). 被选择的孔可以在外科手术中被攻螺紋（或者已经在外科手术中被攻螺紋），或者可以依尺寸制造/定形，从而它们不适于在外科手术中被攻螺紋。 The selected hole may be tapping threads in surgery (or has been tapped during surgery), or may be sized manufactured / shaped, so that they are not suitable to be tapped in a surgical procedure. 可选地，或者此外，可以用紧固装置固定接骨板，如部分V中所述的。 Alternatively, or in addition, may be fixed to a bone plate fastening means as described in section V below.
接骨板可以具有至少一个可攻螺紋的孔164。 The bone plate may have at least one hole 164 is tapped. 可攻螺紋的孔可以包括一般为垂直的壁或脊面166,在外科手术攻螺紋过程中可以在其中形成螺紋（或多个螺紋）。 The hole may be tapped includes a generally vertical wall or ridge surface 166, threads may be formed (or plurality of threads) therein in tapping the surgical procedure. 脊面可以界定孔的边缘。 Lands may define the edge of the hole. 在本例图中，壁166界定了孔的圆柱形区域。 In the present embodiment in FIG, region of the cylindrical wall 166 defining a bore. 孔164也可以或者可选地可以包括埋头孔168，例如这里所示的切成圓角的戒一般为截头球形（frustospherical)的埋头孔。 Hole 164 may also or alternatively include a counterbore 168, for example, radiused ring shown here is a generally frusto-spherical countersink (frustospherical) a. 这种埋头孔可以由例如球磨机形成。 This countersink may be formed from a ball mill. 在本例图中，可攻螺紋的孔164具有相对于接骨板的其它孔162不同的设计。 In the present embodiment in FIG., The tapped hole 164 with respect to the various other bone plate hole 162 design. 因此，可攻螺紋的孔可以明显地不同和/或可以标以标记，以表示它们设计为可被攻螺紋的孔。 Accordingly, the tapped holes may differ significantly and / or may be marked with indicia to indicate that they may be designed as a tapped hole. 可选地， 在一些实施例中，接骨板的所有孔在结构上可以是相似的并被设计为被攻螺紋的孔。 Alternatively, in some embodiments, all plate holes in bone structure may be designed to be similar and tapped holes.
在骨头中可以形成导向孔。 In the guide hole may be formed in the bone. 可以用例如钻的形成孔的工具和/或具有. 形成孔的结构的攻螺紋装置形成导向孔，可以与接骨板的孔成直线形成导向孔，例如通常在孔下与孔中心对齐，可以与接骨板垂直形成导向孔或者与接骨板成选择的角度形成导向孔。 May be, for example, means forming a hole drilled and / or with a. Tapping apparatus pore-forming structure is formed in the guide holes, may be in line with the hole of a bone plate forming a guide hole, for example, generally aligned with the center of the hole in the hole, may be vertical bone plate or angled guide hole and the bone plate is formed into the selected guide hole. 导向孔的角度可以确定其后骨头螺钉接合新的攻螺紋的孔的相应的角度。 Angle of the guide hole may be determined thereafter engage the bone screw hole corresponding angle of attack of the new thread. 因此这个角度可以由外科医生在手术中选择，而不是在预先攻螺紋的孔的情况下预先确定。 Therefore, this angle may be selected by the surgeon during surgery, rather than pre-determined in the case of pre-threaded holes attack. 导向孔的直径可以大于攻螺紋装置的尖头部分的直径，并小于将祐Jt置在导向孔中的骨头螺钉的柄部的直径。 The diameter of the guide hole may be larger than the diameter of the tip portion of the tapping device, and smaller than the diameter of the shank portion Woo Jt disposed in the guide hole of the bone screw. 其中，导向孔可以具有任意合适的深度，并可以单皮层地、双皮层地延伸，和/或延伸^v松质骨中。 Wherein the guide hole may have any suitable depth and may be a single skin, double skin extends and / or extend ^ v cancellous bone.
图8表示在骨头中形成导向孔的步骤中生产的示例性，没计。 FIG 8 illustrates an exemplary step of forming a guide hole in the bone produced, did not count. 钻l"可以被旋转地驱动，如174所示，并轴向地前进通过可攻螺紋的孔164以形成导向孔178。可以以相对于骨头表面的选择的倾斜的角度（或垂直地） 放置钻172。钻172可以前进通过表层156并进入髓质管158 (和/或进入 Drill l "can be rotationally driven, as indicated by 174, and axially advanced through the bore 164 may be tapped to form a guide hole 178. The inclination angle may be selected with respect to the surface of the bone (or vertically) disposed 172. The drill 172 may be advanced through the drilling surface and into the medullary canal 156 158 (and / or into
17松质骨和/或进入/通过相对的表层）。 Cancellous bone 17 and / or into / through the opposite surface). 可以通过例如，位于钻上的制动器、 钻上或测量装置上的深度标记、可见的观测结果、和/或类似物，确定形成孔的深度。 By, for example, a brake located on the drill, the depth of the drill or means for measuring the depth markings, visible observations, and / or the like, the hole formed is determined. 在一些例子中，可以由引导装置引导钻，引导装置例如被布 In some examples, the drill can be guided by the guide means, the guide means is a cloth e.g.
置在可攻螺紋的孔164周围与接骨板接合的手持套管180。 Disposed in the holding hole 164 can be tapped around the sleeve 180 engages the bone plate.
接骨板的孔可以被攻螺紋以在孔中形成螺紋。 The bone plate holes may be tapped to form threads in the hole. 可以使用攻螺紋装置对孔攻螺紋。 Tapping means may be used for tapping holes. 可以将接骨板远离骨头放置（例如接骨板放置在架子或框架上） 对孔攻螺紋，和/或将接骨板邻近骨头放置在原处对孔攻螺紋。 Plates may be placed away from the bone (e.g., bone plate is placed on a shelf or frame) of the tapping hole, and / or the bone plate adjacent the bone is placed at the place of tapping holes. 可以在导向孔中接收攻螺紋装置的尖头部分以将攻螺紋装置的攻螺紋部分引导到 Tapping means may be received in the guide hole at the tip portion of the tapping portion to guide the tapping means
孔中。 Hole. 尖头部分可以参照预先形成的导向孔，可以形成导向孔，和/或可以加宽导向孔。 Referring tip portion may be pre-formed guide hole, the guide hole may be formed, and / or the guide hole can be widened. 例如，图9表示沿导向孔178轴向前进的攻螺紋装置12 的尖头部分42，如182所示。 For example, FIG. 9 shows a tapping apparatus 178 is axially advanced along the guide hole portion 42 of the tip 12, as shown in 182. 攻螺紋装置可以旋转，从而攻螺紋部分46 对孔的壁以及，任选地，下面的骨头，特别是表皮骨头攻螺紋。 Tapping means may be rotated, so that tapping threaded wall portion 46 of the pair of apertures and, optionally, the underlying bone, especially bone tapping epidermis. 攻螺紋装置可以至少基本对称地对孔攻螺紋，例如，均匀地对圆孔的壁攻螺紋，使紧固件与孔完全螺紋接合。 Tapping means may be at least substantially symmetrically tapping of holes, e.g., uniformly round hole walls tapping the threaded fastener is fully engaged with the hole. 可选地，攻螺紋装置可以非对称地对孔攻螺紋， 例如，对长孔的末端攻螺紋，以及任选的相邻面，而留下另一端，并且任选的相邻面不被攻螺紋，使紧固件与孔部分地螺紋接合。 Alternatively, the tapping device can be asymmetrical for tapping holes, e.g., the end of the long hole tapping, and optionally adjacent surfaces while leaving the other end, and optionally adjacent surfaces are not attack threaded fastener threadedly engaged with the hole portion. 例如，图10表示具有攻螺纟丈部分46的攻螺紋装置12与接骨板和下面的表皮骨头的接合，以在孔164中形成螺紋184并延伸进入骨头中，如186所示。 For example, FIG. 10 shows a tapping device having a tapping screw engagement Si Zhang portion 12 of bone plate 46 and the bone below the skin, to form the thread 184 in the hole 164 and extends into the bone, as shown in 186. 由于攻螺紋部分可以逐渐变细，所以骨头中形成的螺紋可以比接骨板中形成的螺紋浅。 Since the tapping portion can be tapered, so that the bone screw thread formed in the bone plate than can be formed in a shallow. 攻螺紋装置的扩孔器部分44可以加宽导向孔和/或骨头中的孔，如188所示。 Tapping means reamer portion and the guide hole 44 can be widened / or bone hole, as shown in 188. 根据图像分析（例如X射线）、紧固件的试放置、和/或类似因素，基于攻螺紋装置的可见位置和/或其上的标记（或多个标记），使用停止机械装置，可以终止攻螺紋。 The image analysis (e.g. X-ray), placing the fastener test, and / or similar elements, based on a visible position tapping apparatus and / or indicia on (or mark), using the stop mechanism may be terminated Tapping.
在孔被攻螺紋后可以移开攻螺紋装置。 After being tapped bore may be removed in a tapping device. 例如，图11表示由攻螺紋装置形成被攻螺紋的钻孔192。 For example, FIG. 11 shows a drill 192 is tapped by the tapping device is formed. 被攻螺紋的钻孔可以包祛接骨板的被攻螺紋的孔194和邻近被攻螺紋的孔形成的纟皮攻螺紋的骨头196。 The tapped bore of the bone plate may be coated cured skin tapping Si is tapped bore 194 and is adjacent to the tapped hole 196 formed in the bone. 被攻螺紋的钻孔也可以在末端连接导向孔178时变窄，如198所示。 The tapped bore narrows the guide hole may be connected to the end 178, 198 as shown in FIG. 可选地，攻螺紋装置可以在孔被攻螺紋后留在位置中，例如，当骨头螺钉进入接骨板的孔中时。 Alternatively, the tapping device can be left in the hole after tapping in a position, for example, when the bone screw into the bore when the bone plate. 紧固件可以被;^文置在^t攻螺紋的孔中和骨头中。 Fastener may be; ^ t ^ paper disposed in a threaded bore in the tapping and bone. 紧固件可以旋转地进入4皮攻螺紋的钻孔和导向孔中，以将紧固件锁定在接骨板上并接合骨头。 Fastener 4 can be rotated into the skin drilling and tapping of the pilot hole to lock the fastener in the bone plate and the bone engagement.
例如，图12表示通过骨头螺钉的头部112,与被攻螺紋的孔194和皮层骨头156螺紋接合的骨头螺4丁110。 For example, FIG. 12 shows 112, and the bones were tapped holes 194 and 156 threadedly engaged with bone cortex of the bone screw 110 4-butoxy head of the screw. 因此，头部可以与接骨板和骨头中预先存在的螺紋以螺紋方式接合。 Thus, the head can be threadably engaged with the bone plate and bone screw preexisting. 骨头螺4丁的柄部可以与相邻的/相对的骨头， 例如骨头的相同的皮层和/或相对的皮层，螺纟丈接合。 4-butoxy bone screw shank can be adjacent / opposite bone, cortical bone, for example, the same and / or opposite to the skin, Si Zhang spiro engagement.
接着紧固件可以被放置在接骨板的其它孔中。 Fastener may then be placed in the other hole of a bone plate. 这些紧固件可以在外科手术中被放置在被攻螺紋的孔中和/或不被攻螺紋的孔中。 These fasteners may be placed in the hole being tapped in and / or tapped holes are not in the surgery.
IV接骨板 IV Plates
用于在外科手术中攻螺紋的接骨板一般包括任何相对低剖面（或盘状）的固定装置，其被i殳计为通过连接到骨头上以稳定至少一块骨头。 Plates for tapping in surgery generally include any relatively low-profile (or disc) of the fixing means, which is counted by Shu i connected to the bone to stabilize at least one bone. 固定装置可以被设计为跨过任意合适的骨头中断处（或多个中断处），从而固定装置固定位于骨头中断处（或多个中断处）的相对边的骨块/断片（和/或骨头）的相对位置。 Fixing means may be designed to span any suitable bone interrupted (or interrupted), whereby a bone fixation device positioned interrupted (or interrupted) opposite edges of the bone / fragments (and / or bone ) relative position. 可选地，或者此外，固定装置可以加固没有中断处的骨*。 Alternatively, or in addition, the reinforcing means may be fixed at the bone without interruption *.
其中，合适的中断可能自然地产生和/或可能由于损伤、疾病、和/或外科介入而产生。 Where appropriate interrupt may occur naturally and / or can result from injury, disease, and / or surgical intervention. 因此，其中，这里所描述的使用固定装置的示例性中断可以包括关节、骨折（骨头中的断裂）、截骨术（骨头中的切口），和/ 或未愈合的骨折（例如，由损伤、疾病、或出生缺陷产生的）。 Accordingly, where, as used herein, means fixing the described exemplary interrupt may include joints, fractures (breaks in bones), osteotomies (incision of the bone), and fracture / or healing (e.g., an injury, disease, or birth defects generated).
将在外科手术中被攻螺紋的接骨板可以被设计为用于任意合适的骨头上，用于任意合适的物种中，其中包括人类、马科、犬科、和/或猫科。 To be tapped in the bone plate surgery may be designed for use on any suitable bone, suitable for any species, including human, equine, canine, and / or feline. 其中示例性的骨头可以包括臂部的骨头（桡骨、尺骨、肱骨）、腿部的骨头（大腿骨、胫骨、腓骨、膝盖骨）、手部/腕部的骨头（例如，指骨、 掌骨、以及腕骨）、足部/踝部的骨头（例如，趾骨、跖骨、以及跗骨）、 稚骨、肩胛骨、骨盆的骨头、头盖骨、肋骨、和/或锁骨。 Wherein Exemplary bones may include bones of the arms (radius, ulna, humerus), the leg bones (femur, tibia, fibula, patella), hands / wrists bones (e.g., phalanges, metacarpals, and carpal ), the foot / ankle bones (e.g., phalanges, metatarsals, and tarsals), juvenile bone, scapula, pelvis, bones, skull, ribs, and / or collarbone.
每块接骨板可以被设计为位于相对于其目标骨头的任意合适的位置。 Each bone plate may be designed to be located relative to its target bone in any suitable location.
接骨板（或接骨板部分）可以祐:设计为与骨头的外表面接触，因此可以至少基本地（或完全）位于骨头的外部。 A bone plate (plate portion or bone) may Woo: designed to contact with the outer surface of the bone, can be at least substantially (or completely) located outside the bone. 可选地，接骨板可以被设计为至少部分地位于骨头的内部，即，当固定到骨头时置于（一般地）内骨表面的对面。 Alternatively, the bone plate may be positioned inside the bone is designed at least partially, i.e., disposed opposite the inner surface of the bone (generally) when secured to the bone. 由于断裂、切割、和/或其它原因，在安装接骨板的过程中（例如通过外骨表面对接骨板穿孔），骨头的内表面可以被接入和/或可接入。 Since breaking, cutting, and / or other reasons, during the installation of the bone plate (e.g. an outer surface of a bone through a bone plate perforation), the inner surface of the bone may be accessed and / or accessible.
接骨板可以由任意合适的材料（或多种材料）制成。 The bone plate may be made of any suitable material (or materials). 接骨板可以是坚固的并且有延展性的结构。 Plates may be robust and malleable structure. 一般地，接骨板应该比接骨板所跨过的骨头部分更坚硬和更坚固，并且有足够的韧性（例如，有弹性）从而不会使骨头产生较大的应变。 Generally, bone plates should be more rigid and stronger than bone parts across the bone plate, and a sufficient toughness (e.g., elastic) so as not to have a greater bone strains. 用于形成接骨板的合适的材料可以包括金属、聚合物、 塑料、陶瓷、组合物、和/或类似物。 Suitable materials for forming the bone plate may include metals, polymers, plastics, ceramics, compositions, and / or the like. 合适的材料可以包括生物相容的材料。 Suitable materials may comprise a biocompatible material. 其中，示例性生物相容的材料包括金属/金属合金（例如，钛或钬合 Wherein exemplary materials include biocompatible metals / metal alloys (e.g., titanium or bonded holmium
金；钴、铬、和/或钼的合金；不锈钢；等等）和/或生物可再吸收材料（例如聚乙醇酸（polygalactic acid) (PGA)、聚丙交酯（PU)、聚已酸内酯、聚对二氧杂环已酮（polydioxanones)、其共聚物，等等）。 Gold; cobalt, chromium and / or molybdenum alloy; stainless steel; etc.) and / or bio-resorbable material (e.g., polyglycolic acid (polygalactic acid) (PGA),, polycaprolactam polylactide (PU) acid esters, poly-p-dioxanone cyclohexanone (polydioxanones), copolymers thereof, and the like). 这些材料可以是被特别选择和/或处理的（例如，通过退火）以有助于攻螺紋， 例如，至少比螺刀的切割部分软，并可能比常规的接骨板软（尽管仍然足够坚硬以实现希望的功能）。 These materials can be particularly selected and / or treated (e.g., by annealing) to facilitate threading, e.g., at least part of the cutting blade is softer than the screw, and may be softer than the conventional bone plate (although still stiff enough to to achieve the desired functionality).
接骨板可以^皮设计为减小对骨头和周闺组织的刺激。 The bone plate may be transdermal ^ designed to reduce the bone tissue and the Inner peripheral stimulation. 例如，接骨板可以由如上所述的生物可相容的材料形成。 For example, the bone plate may be formed of a biocompatible material as described above. 此外，接骨板可以具有低的和/ 或边沿刨薄的轮廓以减少其突出到相邻组织中，并具有圆的、无毛边的表面以减少这种突出的影响。 Further, the bone plate may have a low and / or feathered edge contour to reduce its projection into adjacent tissue, and has a round, burr-free surface to reduce the impact of such projections.
速X所述的接骨板可以按尺寸制作和定形以符合骨头（或多个骨头） 的特殊部分。 The speed X bone plate may be sized and shaped according to the bone to conform to (or bone) special part. 接骨板一般可以是伸长的形状，具有长度L、宽度W、厚度T。 Plates may be generally elongated shape, having a length L, a width W, a thickness T. 这里长度L—宽度W〉厚度T。 Here the length L- width W> thickness T. 在使用中，接骨板的长轴（或板部分的长轴） 可以与相对应的骨头的长轴对准，和/或可以相对于骨头的长轴倾斜地延伸和/或横向地延伸。 In use, the long axis of the bone plate (or the major axis of plate portion) may be aligned with the long axis corresponding to the bone, and / or extend obliquely relative to the long axis of the bone extending and / or laterally. 接骨板的长度和/或宽度可以根据目标用途变化，例如，使板与预先选择的骨头（多个骨头）区域和/或对骨头的特殊损伤匹配。 The length of the bone plate and / or the width may change depending on the target application, for example, so that the bone plate preselected (s bones) regions and / or special matching bone injury. 例如，其中， 一般地接骨板可以是直线的，以用于长骨的轴上，和/ 或可以是非直线的形状，以用于邻近骨头末端的位置和/或横向地放置在轴上。 E.g., wherein the bone plate may be generally rectilinear, for long bone shaft and / or may be non-linear shape, to the position adjacent the ends of bones and / or transversely disposed axis. 在一些例子中，接骨板可以^皮设计为至少部分地包在骨头周围，从而每块接骨板的各部分位于骨头的不同侧面和/或一般是相对的侧面/表面上。 In some examples, the bone plate may be transdermal ^ designed as at least partially wrapped around the bone, such that each portion of each bone plate positioned on different sides of the bone and / or side / surface generally opposed. 在一些实施例中，接骨板可以被设计为用于身体/骨架的两边，斜 In some embodiments, the bone plate can be designed for both sides of the body / skeleton, swash
20如当接骨板两面对称时。 The bone plate 20 when the both sides symmetrically. 在一些实施例中，接骨板可以是非对称的，用于并被设计为身体/骨架的左边或者右边。 In some embodiments, the bone plate may be asymmetrical, and is designed for left or right side of the body / skeleton.
接骨板可以包括内表面（骨面）和外表面（相对于骨面）。 The bone plate may include an inner surface (facial) and an outer surface (relative to the bone surface). 这些表面中的一个或两个一般可以随待安装接骨板的目标骨头（或多个骨头）的外表面定轮廓，从而使接骨板保持近的轮廓并适配于骨头（或多个骨头）上。 One or two of these surfaces may generally be the target bone with the bone plate installed (or bone) in the outer surface is contoured so that the contour of the bone plate and adapted to maintain near the bone (or bones) on . 例如，接骨板的内表面在轮廓上一般可以与骨头表面互补。 For example, the inner surface of the bone plate may be generally complementary to the surface contour of the bones. 接骨板的外表面在轮廓上也可以与骨表面一致，并一般可以与板的内表面互补。 The outer surface of the bone plate may coincide with the contour of the bone surface, and may be generally complementary to the inner surface of the plate. 接骨板可以部分地和/或完全地在制造时预先确定轮廓，允许专业人员将其用于骨头（或多个骨头）上，在应用时几乎没有或根本没有额外的弯曲。 Plates may be partially and / or completely at the time of manufacturing a predetermined profile, which allows professionals to a bone (or bones) on little or no additional bending upon application. 预先定形接骨板允许接骨板的内表面或骨面表面沿板的长度和/或跨过板的宽度，遵循和基本匹配骨头的三维轮廓。 Plates allow pre-setting the length of the bone plate and / or across the width of the plate, follow the basic three-dimensional profile matching the bone or the bone surface and the inner surface along the surface of the plate. 例如，板可以包括弧形的、弯曲的、 扭曲的、和/或管状的内表面，其适于面向骨头并引导板以放置在骨头上， For example, the plate may comprise a curved, bent, twisted, and / or the tubular inner surface, which faces the bone, and the guide plate adapted to be placed on the bone,
通过抓住并保持骨头碎片，首先加强固定和/或骨头的模板（template) 复位，接着增加稳定性。 By grasping and maintain bone fragments, first of all improve the fixation and / or bone template (template) reset, then increased stability. 在一些实施例中，接骨板可以沿其长轴在稍微下面画出轮廓，其中例如，为了适应板的部分和骨头之间的软组织，或为了允许预先或在外科手术中另外的定制轮廓。 In some embodiments, the bone plate may be slightly along its major is outlined below, wherein for example, to accommodate soft tissue between the bone and the plate portion, or in order to allow pre-customized profile or additional surgery. 可选地，或者此外，接骨板可以是由专业人员在将板安装到骨头上之前和/或安装到骨头上的过程中定 Alternatively, or in addition, the bone plate may be prior to the process by professionals plate to the bone and / or attached to the bone in a given
制轮廓。 System profile.
接骨板的厚度可以由接骨板的内表面和外表面之间的距离界定。 The thickness of the bone plate may be defined by the distance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the bone plate. 根据目标用途，接骨板的厚度可以在板之间和/或在板中变化。 According to the intended use, the thickness of the bone plate may be and / or changes in the sheet between the plates. 例如，更薄的接骨板可以被设计为用于更小的骨头上和/或软组织刺激是更关心的问题的骨头或骨头区域上。 For example, a thinner bone plate may be designed for bone area or bone problems and / or soft tissue irritation on the smaller bones more concerned. 在板中厚度可以变化。 The thickness of the plate may vary. 例如，当板延伸过突起时（例如隆起、骨节、结节、和/或类似物）板可以变得更薄，以减小其剖面和/ 或硬度。 For example, when the plate extends over the projection (e.g. bumps, joints, nodules, and / or the like) can be made thinner plates to reduce its cross-section and / or hardness. 可选地，或者此外，当接骨板的内部部分延伸iiA骨头时厚度可以变化，例如，变得更薄以有助于内部部分的插入，或变得更厚以增加结构稳定性。 Alternatively, or in addition, when the interior portion of the bone plate while extending iiA bone thickness may vary, for example, becomes thinner to facilitate insertion of the inner part, or it becomes thicker to increase the structural stability. 板的厚度也可以改变以方便使用，例如，当板具体地需要通过弯曲和/或扭曲而变形时，例如在板各部分之间的接合处（或跨接区域）， 可M做薄些。 The thickness of the plate may be varied to facilitate the use of, for example, when a particular board needs to be deformed by bending and / or twisting, for example, joint (or crossover region) between the portion of the plate can be made thinner M. 这样，在板不需做出轮廓的区域，例如沿骨头的轴，板可以做得厚些，从而更坚固。 Thus, without making the plate profile area, such as along the axis of the bone plate can be made thicker, thus more rigid. 一般地接骨板包括多个开口（孔）。 Generally bone plate includes a plurality of openings (holes). 开口适于接收紧固件以将接骨板固定到骨头上。 An opening adapted to receive a fastener to the bone plate to bone. 可选地，或者此外， 一个或多个开口可以净皮设计为改变板的局部硬度，允许使用工具（例如可连接的手柄）操作板，有助于血液流到安装接骨板的骨头区域，促进愈合，等等。 Alternatively, or in addition, one or more openings may be designed to alter the local net Paper plate hardness, allowing the use of tools (such as a handle may be attached) of the operation plate, mounting help blood flow to the bone area of ​​the bone plate, to promote healing, and so on. 这些开口可以通过接骨板延伸（在内表面和外表面之间）和/或至少可以基本地与接骨板的内表面和/ 或外表面并列地延伸。 These openings may extend through the bone plate (between the inner and outer surfaces) and / or may extend at least substantially with the inner surface of the bone plate and / or outer surface in parallel.
在接骨板的每个部分中，开口可以具有任意合适的位置、大小、和/ 或密度。 In each section of the bone plate, the openings may have any suitable location, size, and / or density. 一般地开口可以沿接骨板的一部分排列成直线，例如，在板的宽度的中心。 Generally, a portion of the opening may be arranged in a line along the bone plate, for example, in the center of the width of the plate. 可选地，开口可以被排列为非直线的，例如，以弓形的、交错的、或其它二维（或三维）方式排列。 Alternatively, the opening may be arranged in non-linear, for example, arcuate, cross or other two-dimensional (or three dimensional) arrangement.
开口可以具有任意合适的形状和结构。 The openings may have any suitable shape and configuration. 示例性的形状可以包括圆形、 伸长的形状（例如椭圆形、矩形、卵形），等等。 Exemplary shapes may include a round, an elongated shape (e.g. oval, rectangular, oval), and the like. 开口可以包括埋头孔。 The opening may include a countersink. 埋头孔可以^皮设计为例如，接收骨头螺^"的头部以减少或消除头部突出在板的外表面之上。开口可以是带螺紋的和/或不带螺紋的，并且每个接骨板可以包括一个或更多带螺紋的和/或不带螺紋的开口。如上所述，带螺紋的开口可以被用于远离骨头放置接骨板的至少一部分，从而骨膜，神经与血管的主干等等可以通过板的下方，而不会^f皮压紧或损坏。 Transdermal ^ countersink can be designed, for example, bone screw receiving ^ "to reduce or eliminate the head protruding above the outer surface of the head plate. The opening may be threaded and / or unthreaded, and each bone may include a plate and / or a threaded opening is not threaded or more. As described above, a threaded opening may be placed at least a portion of the bone plate away from the bone, so that periosteum, neurovascular trunk like through the bottom plate, without pressing or transdermal ^ f damage.
将被攻螺紋的开口（可攻螺紋的孔）可以具有任意合适的形状和结构。 They are tapped opening (the hole may be tapped) may have any suitable shape and configuration. 可攻螺紋的孔可以是圆形的、椭圆形的、卵形的、等等。 Tapping the hole may be circular, elliptical, oval, and the like. 可攻螺紋的孔可以包括边缘（脊），其具有一般平行于板的厚轴延伸的壁。 The hole may be tapped include an edge (ridge) having a wall thickness of the shaft extending generally parallel to the plate. 边缘可以邻近接骨板的内表面（骨面表面）放置（且与接骨板的外表面分离）。 Adjacent the inner surface of the edge may bone plate (facial surface) is placed (and separated from the outer surface of the bone plate). 因此， 使用圆形的可攻螺紋的孔，边缘或脊可以界定将被攻螺紋的孔的圆柱形区域。 Therefore, using a circular hole may be tapped, the edge may define a cylindrical or ridge region to be tapped holes. 可攻螺紋的孔可以包括或没有埋头孔， 一般地邻近接骨板的外表面（骨面相对表面）设置（且与接骨板的内表面分离）。 The hole may be tapped or not include a countersink, generally adjacent the outer surface of the bone plate (the surface opposite the bone surface) (and separated from the inner surface of the bone plate). 其中，埋头孔可以具有任意合适的形状，其中包括截头圆锥形的、切成圆角形的（例如一般的截头球形），和/或其组合。 Wherein the countersink may have any suitable shape, including a frusto-conical, radiused shape (e.g., generally frusto-spherical), and / or combinations thereof. 在一些例子中，凹的切成圆角形（例如截头球形）坦头孔比截头圆锥形埋头孔更佳，这是因为在外科手术中攻螺紋的过程中可以通过从接骨板除去更少的材料而形成螺故。 In some examples, a radiused concave shape (e.g., frusto-spherical) head aperture ratio Tanzania frustoconical counterbore more preferably, this is because the process of tapping in a surgical procedure may be removed from the bone plate by less material to form a spiro it.
在一些实施例中，接骨板可以包括一个或多个在每个接骨板中轴向、 In some embodiments, the bone plate may include one or more axial bone in each plate,
22倾斜和/或横向地延伸的拉长的开口（例如，卵形开口）。 22 is inclined and / or transversely extending elongated opening (e.g., oval opening). 拉长的开口可以是包括逐渐变细的埋头孔压缩槽，以当骨头螺钉的头部对着埋头孔前进时提供压力。 Elongated opening may be a tapered countersink compressed groove, when the bone screw head in order to provide pressure against the counter bore when the advance. 可选地，或者此外，拉长的开口可以被用于在将板完全固定到骨头之前调整接骨板和/或板的各部分相对与骨头的位置。 Alternatively, or in addition, an elongated opening may be used for each part of the adjustment plate prior to bone completely fixed to the bone plate and / or the relative position of the plate the bone. 如上所述， 在一些实施例中， 一些或者所有拉长的开口可以被《殳计为在外科手术中被_ 攻螺紋。 As described above, in some embodiments, some or all of the openings may be elongated "is counted as Shu _ tapping threads in surgery. 在其它的例子中， 一些或所有拉长的开口可以不被设计为在外科 In other examples, some or all of the elongated openings may not be designed to surgery
手术中^^攻螺紋，而接骨板中的至少一个或更多圆形开口可以净皮i殳计为在外科手术中被攻螺紋。 ^^ tapping surgery, while at least one or more circular openings may be in terms of net Paper Shu i is tapped in surgery of the bone plate.
在一些例子中，接骨板可以包括一个或更多凸出。 In some examples, the bone plate may include one or more projections. 例如， 一般地凸出可以从接骨板的内表面向骨头垂直地延伸过。 For example, projections may extend generally perpendicularly through the bone from the inner surface of the plate. 根据目标用途，凸出可以是尖锐的或钝的。 According to the intended use, the projection may be sharp or blunt. 例如，尖锐的凸出可以被设计为伸入到骨头中限制接骨板的移动的尖头。 For example, a sharp projections may be designed to limit the movement of the bone extending into the tip of the bone plate. 对于每个接骨板的一个或更多部分，尖头可以用于代替骨头紧固件，或除骨头紧固件外使用。 For each one or more portions of a bone plate, a bone fastener prongs may be used instead, or in addition to using bone fasteners. 钝的（或尖锐的）凸出，例如脊或圆形突出可以被设计为将接骨板从骨头表面抬高的隔离元件。 Blunt (or sharp) projections, for example ridges or lobes may be designed to raise the bone plate from the bone surface of the separator member.
接骨板可以至少具有一个、 一般地为两个或更多个板的部分（或固定部分），其被设计为固定到骨头（或多个骨头的）不同区域上。 The bone plate may have at least one, generally two or more partial plates (or the fixed part), which is designed to be fixed to the bone (or bones) in different regions. 对于骨头的特定区域可以构造板的每个部分。 For a particular region of the bone can be configured for each part of the plate. 例如，接骨板可以包括邻近的板部分以连接到骨头的更邻近的区域，以及远端的板部分以连接到相同骨头的更远区域。 For example, the bone plate may include a plate portion adjacent to the connection region more adjacent to the bone, and the distal end of the plate portion to be connected to remote areas of the same bone. 可选地，或者此外，接骨板可以包括外部板部分，其被设计为邻近骨头的中断处对着骨头的外表面区域安装，和/或内部板部分，其被设计为邻近骨头的中断处在骨头的内部区域（例如，凹陷的、被切除的、和/或^皮挖空的）被接收。 Alternatively, or in addition, the bone plate may include an outer plate portion, which is designed to interrupt the opposite region adjacent to the bone at the installation, and / or the outer surface of the inner plate portion of the bone, which is designed interrupted in the bone adjacent the the interior region of the bone (e.g., depression, excised, and / or transdermal ^ hollowed-out) is received.
接骨板的板部分可以具有任意合适的连接。 Bone plate portion of the plate may have any suitable connection. 在一些例子中，板的各部分可以整体地形成，从而一片接骨板包括板的各部分。 In some examples, portions of the plate may be integrally formed, so that a bone plate including the portion of the plate. 可选地，板的各部分可以作为分离元件形成。 Alternatively, each portion of the plate may be formed as a separate element. 分离的元件可以由任意合适的连接和/或接头连接，包括紧固件（或多个紧固件）、焊接、铰^#合、球窝接合，等等。 The isolated element can be made of any suitable connection and / or a linker comprising a fastener (or more fasteners), welding, bonding # ^ hinge, ball joint, and the like. 在下面的专利申请：2003年11月19日提交的美国专利申请No.10/716， 719中描述了具有可调接头的接骨板的其它方面，该申请被引用在此作为参考。 In the following patent applications: U.S. Patent No. 2003, filed November 19, Application No.10 / 716, 719 are described in other aspects of the bone plate having an adjustable joint, which application is incorporated herein by reference. 接骨板的板的各部分可以具有任意合适的相对配置。 Each part of the plate bone plate may have any suitable relative arrangement. 配置板的各部分从而其基本上彼此共线和/或平行、倾斜、或者基本成横线。 Each plate portion is configured such that it is substantially collinear with each other and / or parallel, inclined or substantially horizontal. 相对的配置可以是固定的和/或可调整的。 The opposite configuration may be fixed and / or adjustable. 在一些例于中，板的各部分可以由可变形的桥形区域整体地连接，从而接骨板可以预先或在外科手术中弯曲以调整板的各部分的相对配置。 In some embodiments can be integrally connected by a bridge-shaped region of the respective deformable portions in the plate, so that the bone plate can be configured to advance or opposing curved portions of the adjustment plate in a surgical procedure. 可选地，如上所迷，板的各部分可以是^皮连接的独立的元件，例如通过可调整接头连接。 Alternatively, as the fans, each portion of the plate may be a separate element connected ^ to the skin, for example, via an adjustable joint.
v引导装置 v guiding means
#导的系统可以包括一个或更多引导装置。 # Guides system may include one or more guide means. 引导装置可以包括不同于接骨板或骨头的任意结构，其引导骨头中（和/或接骨板中）孔的形成， 接骨板中（和/或骨头中）螺紋的形成，和/或紧固件的放置。 The guide means may comprise any structure different from that of a bone plate or bone, which bone is formed to guide (and / or bone plate) holes, bone plates (and / or bone) formed thread, and / or fasteners placement.
引导装置可以形成通道，沿着该通道可以引导紧固件、攻螺紋装置、 扩孔器、和/或钻头。 Guide means may be formed in the channel, the fastener can be guided along the channel, means tapping, reaming, and / or a drill bit. 通道可以具有任意合适的结构，例如线性的或非线 Channel may have any suitable configuration, such as a linear or non-line
性的。 Nature. 一般地通道可以是圆柱形或非圆柱形的。 Generally, the channel may be cylindrical or non-cylindrical. 通道可以是中空的（例如 Channel may be hollow (e.g.
具有轴向孔的管道）和/或可以是实心的（例如引导线）。 A duct having an axial bore) and / or may be solid (e.g., guidewire).
在使用引导装置期间，引导装置可以由任意合适的机制保持在合适的位置。 During use the guide means, the guide means may be held by any suitable mechanism in place. 例如，引导装置可以被手持，例如通过手柄和/或其它可抓持的部分。 For example, the guide means may be hand held, e.g., by a handle and / or other gripping portion. 可选地，或者此外，可以用辅助设备保持引导装置，例如定位夹具， 和/或引导装置可以被直接固定到接骨板和/或骨头上，例如通过紧固件(或多个紧固件）、夹子、和/或类似物固定。 Alternatively, or in addition, the auxiliary equipment may be maintained by the guide means, such as a positioning jig, and / or guide means or may be fixed directly to the bone plate and / or bone, for example by fasteners (or more fasteners) , clips, and / or the like fixed.
图13表示夹到骨头212和接骨板214上的示例性引导装置210。 13 shows an exemplary clamp to the guide means on the bone and bone plate 214 212 210 引导装置可以界定通过接骨板的孔218并进入骨头中的通道216。 The guide means may define holes through the bone plate 218 and into the passageway 216 in the bone. 通道可以在引导装置与骨头和/或接骨板的相对接合位置之间界定。 Channel may be defined between the guide means and the engagement position relative the bone and / or bone plate. 引导装置可以包括保持或包括夹持部分222的框架220，夹持释放机制224，引导部分226， 以及手柄部分228。 The guide means may comprise a holding or clamping portion 222 includes a frame 220, clamp release mechanism 224, the guide portion 226, and a handle portion 228.
夹持部分222可以被设计为将压缩力（compressive force)作用到接骨板和骨头上。 Gripping portion 222 may be designed to a compressive force (compressive force) acting on the bone plate and bone. 压缩力可以限制夹持装置和/或接骨板的滑动。 Compressive force can be limited slip gripping means, and / or the plate. 夹持部分可以包括由相对的（第一和第二）钳状元件230、 232形成的钳状物。 The clamping portion may include a pincer formed by the opposing (first and second) jaw-like member 230, 232. 第一钳状元件230可以被包括在从框架220延伸到骨头的相对表面的臂234。 A first jaw-like member 230 may include an arm extending from the frame 220 to the opposite surface 234 of the bone. 第一钳状元件可以显示导向孔、攻螺纹装置、和/或紧固件相对板退出骨头的位置。 A first jaw-like member may display a guide hole, tapping apparatus and / or fasteners exit position relative the bone plate. 因此，第一钳状元件可以作为表示从引导部分沿通道216 穿过骨头的线性延伸的指示器。 Accordingly, the first jaw-like member 216 can be used as an indicator representing a linear portion from the guide through the bone extending along the passage. 这可以使外科医生更精确地选择形成导向孑L、对接骨板攻螺紋、和/或放置紧固件的合适的角度。 This allows the surgeon to more precisely select the guide formed larvae L, tapping of the bone plate, and / or placement of fasteners suitable angle. 第二钳状元件232 可以以螺紋方式连接到框架上，从而第二钳状元件的旋转调节钳状元件之间的距离，并因此调整骨头和接骨板痴^的紧密度。 Second jaw-like member 232 may be threadably connected to the frame, thereby adjusting the distance between the rotating pliers-like member second jaw-like member, and thus adjust the bone plate and bone crazy ^ tightness.
夹持释放机制224可以包括带螺紋的挡板或定位器238,其被偏置到与第二钳状元件232螺紋掩^。 Clamp release mechanism 224 may include baffles or threaded retainer 238 which is biased to cover the screw 232 and the second jaw-like member ^. 定位器可以由包括弹簧242或其它偏置元件的偏置机制240偏置。 Location may be biased by a biasing mechanism 242 comprises a spring 240 or other biasing element. 开关，例如控制杆或扳机244，可以被连接到偏置机制240上，^^作开关可以将第二钳状元件232从与定位器238的接合中释放出来，从而允许释放和/重定位夹持部分。 Switch, for example, a lever or trigger 244 may be coupled to the biasing mechanism 240, the second switch may be ^^ jaw-like member 232 is released from engagement with the retainer 238, thereby allowing the release and / relocation folders holding part.
引导部分226至少可以部分地由第二钳状元件232形成。 The guide portion 226 may be at least partially formed by the second jaw-like member 232. 引导部分226 可以包括轴向孔246,其中轴向孔246的大小被设计为接收钻头、攻螺紋装置、和/或紧固件。 The guide portion 226 may include an axial bore 246, wherein the size of the axial bore 246 is designed to receive a drill bit, tapping apparatus and / or fasteners.
VI成套工具 VI kits
本教导的系统可以提供用于在外科手术中对孔攻螺紋的成套工具。 Teachings of the present system may provide a kit in a surgical procedure used for tapping holes. 其中，这些工具可以包括（1) 一个或更多攻螺紋装置，（2)—个或更多接骨板，（3)例如骨头螺钉的紧固件，（4)引导装置，和/或（5)使用说明书。 Wherein these means may comprise (1) one or more tapping device (2) - one or more bone plate, (3) a fastener such as bone screws, (4) guide means, and / or (5 )user's manual.
成套工具可以包括一个或更多攻螺紋装置。 The kit may comprise one or more tapping device. 包括在成套工具中的攻螺紋装置可以是不同的尺寸，包括具有不同长度，直径，螺距，和/或螺紋进深的攻螺紋装置，其与用于固定不同类型骨折的不同接骨板和/或紧固件一同使用。 Included in the kit of the tapping device can be of different sizes, including different length, diameter, pitch, and / or thread depth of the tapping device, which is different from the bone plate for fixing different types of fractures and / or tight firmware used together. 例如，攻螺紋装置可以具有不同长度的攻螺紋部分以适应不同厚度的接骨板，并且攻螺紋装置可以具有不同直径的攻螺紋部分以适应不同大小的接骨板的孔。 For example, tapping device having a tapping section can be of different lengths to accommodate different thicknesses of bone plate and the tapping device having a tapping section can be different diameter holes to accommodate different sized bone plate. 成套工具中的攻螺紋装置也可以具有不同螺紋型式的攻螺紋部分，以对用于接合不同大小/类型的骨头螺钉的孔攻螺紋。 The kit tapping device having a tapping section may be different types of threads, for engaging in a bore of different sizes / types of tapping bone screw. 攻螺紋装置也可以具有不同长度和/或直径的尖头部分，以参照和/或形成不同深度和/或直径的导向孔，例如，可以根据将被放置在被攻螺紋的孔的骨头螺钉的长度和/或直径。 Tapping means may also have a different length and / or diameter of the tip portion, with reference to and / or formed of different depth and / or diameter of the guide hole, for example, a screw may be placed in accordance with the tapped holes in the bones the length and / or diameter. 其中，成套工具可以包括多个可互换的攻螺紋部分和/或多个可互换的尖头部分，以适应接骨板厚度，孔直径，螺紋型式，导向孔直径，和/或导向孔深度的不同组合。 Wherein, the kit may include a tapping tip portion and a plurality of interchangeable parts and / or a plurality of interchangeable, in order to adapt the bone plate thickness, hole diameter, thread type, the diameter of the guide hole, and / or the guide hole depth different combinations.
其中，在成套工具中（或其它的选择）提供的接骨板可以按尺寸制作和/或定形，以符合骨头的特殊区域，或符合相同骨头区域的不同部分。 Wherein the bone plate in the kit (or other options) may be provided is sized and / or shaped to meet particular region of bone, or in compliance with the different parts of the same bone region. 特别地，接骨板可以被预先定形（预先形成）以适合一般的目标骨骼，例如特殊组织区域的总体平均形状。 In particular, the bone plate may be shaped in advance (pre-formed) to fit a general target bone, for example, the overall shape of the average specific area of ​​tissue. 一般水平的骨骼可以是在任意合适的组中平均的人类（或其它动物）骨骼，例如，成年人、成年男性、成年女性、 处于特殊尺寸范围内的人、给定年龄的儿童，等等。 The general level of the bones may be any suitable group average human (or other animal) bones, for example, adult, adult men, adult women, in particular within the size range of people, given to children age, and so on. 接骨板可以包括一个或更多孔，例如一个或更多圆形和/或椭圆形的孔。 The bone plate may include one or more apertures, such as one or more round and / or oval holes. 在一些例子中，成套工具可以包括至少一块接骨板，其具有一般在直径上对应于成套工具中攻螺紋装置的攻螺紋部分的螺故底部-螺玟底部的直径的圆形孔。 In some examples, the kit may include at least one bone plate, having a diameter generally corresponding to the screw so that the bottom of the kit tapping device tapping part - circular hole diameter at the bottom spiro Min.
在成套工具中（或其它的选择）提供的例如骨头螺钉的紧固件可以确定为与包括在成套工具中的一个或更多攻螺紋装置一致的尺寸和/或形状。 In the kit (or other options) providing a bone screw, for example, fasteners may be determined as in the kit include one or more tapping thread means consistent size and / or shape. 例如，成套工具可以包括具有头部和/或柄部的骨头螺4丁，其中头部被设计为与成套工具中的攻螺紋装置形成的螺紋以螺紋方式接合，其中柄部被设计为与攻螺紋装置形成的和/或参照的导向孔周围骨头以螺紋方式接合。 For example, the kit may comprise a head and / or shank portion of the bone screw 4 D, wherein the screw head is designed to form the kit of the tapping means threadingly engaged, which is designed to handle the attack and / or the reference guide hole formed in the surrounding bone thread means threadably engages. 成套工具还可以包括一个或更多被设计为从接骨板的不带螺紋的孔中^t^骨头中的额外的其它紧固件。 The kit may also include one or more of the holes are not designed to be threaded bone plate of the bone additional ^ t ^ other fasteners.
成套工具还可以包括额外的工具和/或可消耗的外科供应品，其是实现结締组织修复所需要的，大体如上所述，例如附加的夹子和/或其它可以有助于抓持和/或定位被修复的结締组织的外科工具。 The kit may also include additional tools and / or surgical expendable supplies, which is required to achieve the repair of connective tissue, substantially as described above, for example, additional clips and / or other may facilitate gripping and / or positioning repaired connective tissue surgical tools.
成套工具可以构造或装配为用于单种和/或多种用途。 Kit or assembly can be configured for a single and / or multiple uses. 例如，在一些实施例中，成套工具或其元件可以被设计为用于单种用途，例如在单个外科手术过程中对单个孔、单块接骨板、或一组接骨板攻螺紋。 For example, in some embodiments, the kit or components thereof may be designed for single use, for example in a single surgical procedure on a single aperture, single-piece bone plate, the bone plate or a set of tapping. 可选地，这些卖施例可以被预先包装在无菌的包装材料中。 Alternatively, these embodiments may sell pre-packaged in sterile packaging materials. 因此，如需要，成套工具的组成元件可以从无菌包装材料中拿出，用于攻螺紋和安装一个或更多接骨板，然后丢弃。 Thus, if desired, constituent elements out of the kit may be a sterile packaging material, for tapping and mounting one or more bone plate, and then discarded. 可选地，在其它实施例中，成套工具或其元件可以被设计为在相同的或不同的外科过程中实现多种修复。 Alternatively, in other embodiments, the kit or components thereof may be designed to achieve a variety of repair of the same or different surgical procedures. 在这些情况下，可重用元件可以被设计为降低污染（例如，通过光滑的表面）和/或有助于灭菌， 例如通过清洗和高压灭菌（例如，通过对诸如金属的材料的选择）。 In these cases, the reusable elements can be designed to reduce pollution (e.g., by a smooth surface) and / or to facilitate sterilization, for example by washing and autoclaving (e.g., by choice of materials, such as metals) .
26VII实施例 Example 26VII
作为一系列有序的段落，下述实施例描述了本教导的选择的方面和实施例。 As an ordered series of paragraphs, the following examples describe selected aspects of the present teachings and embodiments. 这些实施例被包括在此用于说明，而不是用于限制或界定本发明的整个范围。 These examples are included herein for illustration, and not intended to limit or define the entire scope of the invention.
1. 一套用于在内部固定骨头中的中断的成套工具，包括：钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具，其包括（l)包括多个外螺紋的攻螺紋部分，其被设计为在外科手术中在接骨板的所述孔中形成内螺紋；以及（2)连接到所述攻螺紋部分的引导尖头，其被设计为参照和/或形成骨头中的导向孔。 1. Interrupt kit set for the internal bone fixation, comprising: drilling tapping tool composite, comprising (l) comprises a plurality of tapping external thread portion, which is designed in a bone in a surgical procedure the aperture plate is formed an internal thread; and (2) is connected to said tapping tip guide portion, which is designed as a reference and / or a guide hole formed in the bone.
2. 如段落1所述的成套工具，其中所述引导尖头可以从所述攻螺紋部分上拆卸下来。 2. The kit according to paragraph 1, wherein the guide tip may be detachable from the tapping portion.
3. 如段落1所述的成套工具，其中所述钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具进一步包括适合与旋转机械装置接合的轴状部分。 3. The kit of paragraph 1, wherein the drilling tool further comprises a composite tapping shaft-like portion adapted to engage with the rotating machinery.
4. 如段落1所述的成套工具，其中所述钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具进一步包括锥形部分，其位于所述攻螺紋部分和所述引导尖头之间，用于形成所述导向孔的锥形区域。 4. The kit according to paragraph 1, wherein the drilling tool further comprises a composite tapping tapered portion located between the tip of the tapping portion and the guide, the guide hole is formed for tapered region.
5. 如段落l所述的成套工具，进一步包括： 5. The kit of paragraph l, further comprising:
夹持导向器和钻头导向部分，所述夹持导向器包括用于将所述接骨板保持在所述骨头上的骨头夹持部分，所述钻头导向部分被设计为为所述钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具提供定位调整。 A drill guide and a guide holder portion, said holder comprises a guide for holding the bone plate on the bone in the bone clamping portion, the guide portion is designed to drill said borehole tapping composite tools provide positioning adjustment.
6. 如段落5所述的成套工具，其中所述夹持导向器进一步包括被设计为显示所述钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具通过所述骨头的线性延伸的指示器。 6. The kit according to paragraph 5, wherein said holder further comprises a guide is designed to display a composite indicator of the drilling tool by tapping the bone extending linear.
7. 如段落5所述的成套工具，进一步包4舌具有至少一个可攻螺紋的孔的接骨板。 5 7. The kit of paragraph further osteosynthesis plate package 4 a tongue having at least one aperture is tapped.
8. 如段落1所述的成套工具，进一步包括具有至少一个可攻螺紋的孔的接骨板。 8. The kit of paragraph 1, further comprising at least one tapping threaded bone plate hole.
9. 一种用于在内部固定骨头的中断的方法，包括：（l)选择具有至少一个可攻螺紋的孔的接骨板；（2 )将所述板定位在所述骨折的骨头的 9. A method for fixing a bone in the interior of interrupts, comprising: (l) selecting a bone plate having at least one aperture is tapped; (2) the plate is positioned in a bone fracture in the
表面上；（3)在外科手术中对至少一个可攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋；以及（4 )通过将带螺紋的紧固件插入到一个或更多在外科手术中净皮攻螺紋的孔中， 以将所迷板固定到所述骨头上。 An upper surface; and (3) at least one pair of holes of the tapping screw tapping in surgical procedures; and (4) by a threaded fastener inserted into one or more net Paper tapping in a bore in the surgical , the fans to the plate to the bone.
10. 如段落9所述的方法，所述带螺紋的紧固件是骨头螺钉，其中所述骨头螺钉的螺紋与所述孔的螺紋接合。 10. The method of paragraph 9, the threaded fastener is a bone screw, wherein the threaded bone screw threaded engagement with the bore.
11. 如段落10所述的方法，进一步包括在所述骨头中钻导向孔以接合所述骨头螺钉的轴状部分。 11. The method of paragraph 10, further comprising a guide hole drilled in the bone to engage the bone screw shaft-like portion.
12. 如段落11所述的方法，其中所述钻导向孔的步骤和在外科手术中对至少一个可被攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋的步骤是顺序执行的。 12. The method of paragraph 11, wherein the step of drilling guide holes in surgical procedures and the step of threading at least one hole may be tapped is executed sequentially.
13. 如段落11所述的方法，其中所述钻导向孔的步骤和在外科手术中对至少一个可被攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋的步骤是至少部分地同时执行的。 13. The method of paragraph 11, wherein the step of drilling guide holes in surgical procedures and the step of threading at least one hole may be tapped is at least partly performed simultaneously.
14. 如段落13所述的方法，其中所述钻导向孔的步骤和在外科手术中对至少一个可被攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋的步骤是由钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具执行的，所述钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具包括：（1)包括多个外螺紋的攻螺紋部分，其被设计为在所述接骨板的孔中形成内螺紋；以及（2)刚性地连接到所述攻螺紋部分的引导尖头，其:Ri更计为参照和/或形成骨头中的导向孔。 14. The method of paragraph 13, wherein the step of guiding the drill hole and the drilling are performed by tapping the tool in complex surgery step of tapping the at least one hole may be tapped, said drill tapping hole composite tool comprising: (1) comprises a plurality of tapping external thread portion, which is designed to form an internal thread in the bore of the bone plate; and (2) is rigidly connected to the tapping portion boot tip which: Ri is more in terms of reference and / or a guide hole formed in the bone.
15. 如段落9所述的方法，进一步包括在所述外秀+手术中攻螺紋的步骤之前，将所述接骨板夹到所述骨头上。 15. The method of paragraph 9, further comprising the step of tapping + show prior surgery in the outside, the bone plate to the bone clamp.
16. 如段落15所述的方法，进一步包括选择用于对所述可被攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋的角度。 16. The method of paragraph 15, further comprising selecting a tapping aperture angle of the attack may be threaded.
.17.如段落16所述的方法，进一步包括用夹持导向器在所述被选择的角度上对准钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具。 .17. The method of paragraph 16, further comprising a gripper alignment guide bore tapping tool in the composite the selected angle.
18.如段落9所述的方法,其中所述在外科手术中对至少一个可^皮攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋的步骤包括：（1)使用钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具对至少一个所述可被攻螺紋的孔攻螺紋以生成螺紋；以及（2)将所述钻孔攻螺紋复合刀具从所述至少一个可#:攻螺紋的孔移开，从而所述孔可以与紧固件接近。 18. The method of paragraph 9, wherein said at least one aperture ^ tapping step of tapping the sheath in a surgical procedure comprising: (1) using a drill tool for threading the composite may be at least one tapping hole tapped to generate a thread; and (2) tapping the drilling tool at least one compound from the #: tapping aperture is moved away, so that the hole may close the fastener.
上面陈述的公开内容可以包括具有独立用途的多种不同的发明。 The disclosure set forth above may include a plurality of distinct inventions with independent utility. 尽管这些发明中的每一个都以其优选形式（或多种形式）净皮公开，但是这里所公开和说明的特殊实施例不应被认为是限制的意义，这是因为许多变换都是可能的。 Although each net Paper disclosed in its preferred form (or forms) of the invention, but the particular embodiments herein disclosed and described embodiments should not be considered in a limiting sense, because many variations are possible . 本发明的主旨包括这里所公开的不同元件、特征、功能、和/ 或特性的所有新的和并不显而易见組合及分组合。 The gist of the present invention include various elements disclosed herein, and all the new features, functions and / or characteristics not obvious combinations and sub-combinations thereof. 下面的权利要求特别地指出了被j人为是新的和并不显而易见某些组合及分组合。 The following claims particularly point out artificially j is new and not some obvious combinations and sub-combinations thereof. 实现各特征、功能、元件和/或特性的其它组合及分组合的发明可在要求本申请和相关申请的优先权的申请中要求权利。 The features implemented, other combinations of features, elements and / or properties of the present invention and sub-combinations may be claimed in the present application claims priority application and related applications. 这些权利要求，无论是指向不同的发明或相同的发明，与原有权利要求范围相比无论是更宽、更窄、相同、或者不同， Such claims, whether directed to a different invention or to the same invention, the scope of the claims as compared with the original, whether broader, narrower, equal, or different,
都应该被认为是包括在;^/>开的发明的主题中。 It should be considered included in; ^ /> in the subject matter disclosed invention.
1、一种用于在手术中对接骨板攻螺纹的系统，包括： 具有孔的接骨板；和攻螺纹装置，其包括攻螺纹部分，其被设计为当所述接骨板连接到骨时，所述攻螺纹部分在所述孔中形成螺纹， 尖头部分，其被连接到所述攻螺纹部分并被设计为沿骨中的孔洞和/或在骨中形成孔洞，以将所述攻螺纹部分引导至所述孔，以及轴，其被连接到所述攻螺纹部分并从所述攻螺纹部分近侧延伸以与所述尖头部分相对。 1. A surgical tapping the bone plate system comprising: a bone plate having a hole; and a tapping device comprising a tapping portion, which is designed to connect when the bone plate to the bone, the tapping threaded portion formed in the hole, the tip head portion, which is connected to said tapping section and is designed holes in the bone and / or form holes in the bone to the tapping to the portion of the guide hole, and the shaft, which is connected to the tapping thread portion and a proximal portion extending to the tip portion opposite from the attack.
2、 如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述攻螺紋装置在所述攻螺玟部分和所述尖头部分之间逐渐变细，以提供直径小于所述攻螺故部分的直径的尖头部分。 2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tapping means between the tapered portion and the tapping screw Min tip portion to provide a smaller diameter than the diameter of the tip of the tapping screw portion so that head part.
3、 如权利要求1所迷的系统，其中所迷攻螺紋部分被设计为通过切所述接骨板来形成所述螺紋。 3. The fan system claimed in claim 1, wherein the fan is designed as a tapping portion formed by cutting the thread of the bone plate.
4、 如权利要求3所述的系统，其中所述攻螺紋部分包括一个或更多个切割槽和外螺紋，以及其中所述一个或更多个切割槽和所述外螺紋相交。 4. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said tapping portion comprises one or more external thread and cutting grooves, and wherein said one or more cutting slots and intersecting said external thread.
5、 如权利要求1所迷的系统，其中所迷尖头部分包括钻孔结构，所述钻孔结构被设计为在骨中形成所述孔洞。 5. The fan system of claim 1, wherein the tip portion comprises a fan-drilled, said drilling structure is designed to form the hole in the bone.
6、 如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述尖头部分长于所迷攻螺紋部分。 6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tip portion is longer than the fans tapping portion.
7、 如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述ife头部分沿其长度是没有螺紋的或是基本上没有螺紋的。 7. The system of claim 1, wherein said head portion along its length ife no or substantially no screw thread.
8、 如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述攻螺紋部分朝所述尖头部分遂渐变鈿，从而使由所迷攻螺故部分形成的所迷螺纹在深度上变化。 8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said tapping portion toward the tip portion of the tin then graded, so that the fans of the tapping screw threaded portion is formed so that variation in depth of the fan.
9、 如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述尖头部分是可从所述攻螺紋部分拆卸的。 9. The system according to claim 1, wherein said tapping tip portion is detached from said portion.
10、 如权利要求l所述的系统，其中所迷攻螺紋装置进一步包括布置于所述攻螺故部分和所述尖头部分之间的扩孔器部分，所迷扩孔器部分被设计为加宽骨中的所迷孔洞。 10. The system of claim l, wherein the apparatus further comprises a fan disposed tapping on the tapping screw reamer section between the tip section and a portion of it, the fan is designed as a reaming portion the fans widened bore in the bone.
11、 如权利要求l所述的系统，其中所述蜂骨板具有多个孔，所述多个孔包括至少一个可攻螺紋的孔，所述至少一个可攻螺紋的孔被设计为由所述攻螺紋装置来攻螺紋。 11. The system of claim l, wherein the bone plate has a plurality of apertures bees, the plurality of holes comprising at least one tapping threaded bore, said at least one threaded hole may be designed by the attack said tapping means for tapping.
12、 如权利要求11所述的系统，其中所述至少一个可攻螺紋的孔包括埋头孔。 12. The system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said at least one aperture comprises a threaded counterbore may attack.
13、 如权利要求l所述的系统，进一步包括多个骨螺钉，所述骨螺钉中的至少一个被设计为被接纳在所述孔中，与所述攻螺紋装置形成的所述螺紋以螺紋方式M。 13. The system of claim l, further comprising a plurality of bone screws, the bone at least one is designed to be received in the bore in the screw, the thread of the tapping thread formed in a device M. way
14、如权利要求13所迷的系统，其中所述至少一个骨螺钉包括带螺紋的头部区域，并且其中所述带螺紋的头部区域具有基本上大于所述接骨板厚度的轴向长度。 14. The fan system of claim 13, wherein the at least one bone screw comprises a threaded head region, and wherein said threaded region of the head has an axial length substantially greater than the thickness of the bone plate.
15、 如权利要求l所述的系统，进一步包括引导装置，所述引导装置被设计为界定通过所述孔并进入骨中的通道。 15. The system of claim l, further comprising a guide means, means are designed to define channels through the hole into the bone of the hand guide.
16、 如权利要求15所迷的系统，其中所述引导装置包括夹持部分， 所述夹持部分被设计为将压缩力应用至所述接骨板和骨。 16. The fan system claimed in claim 15, wherein said guide means comprises a clamping portion, the clamping portion is designed to apply a compressive force to the bone plate and bone.
17、 如权利要求15或16所述的系统，其中所述引导装置包括臂，所述臂被设计为从所述接骨板延伸到骨的相对的表面，以指示一紧固件相对于所述接骨板离开骨的位置。 17. The system as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein said guide means comprises an arm is designed to extend from the opposite surface of the bone plate to the bone, indicating a fastener with respect to the away from the bone plate to the bone.
18、 如权利要求17所述的系统，其中所述引导装置界定在所述引导装置与骨和/或所述接骨板的相对接合位置之间延伸的通道。 18. The system of claim 17, wherein said passage means defined between said guide means engaged position relative to bone and / or bone plate extending in the guide.
19、 如权利要求l所述的系统，其中所述攻螺紋部分、所述尖头部分和所述轴在所述攻螺紋装置中整体形成。 19. The system of claim l, wherein said tapping portion, said tip portion and said threaded shaft means integrally formed in the attack.
CN 200480023619 2003-06-20 2004-06-21 System for tapping bone plates during operation CN100553577C (en)
US48052903P true 2003-06-20 2003-06-20
US60/480,529 2003-06-20
CN1835718A CN1835718A (en) 2006-09-20
CN100553577C true CN100553577C (en) 2009-10-28
ID=33539310
CN 200480023619 CN100553577C (en) 2003-06-20 2004-06-21 System for tapping bone plates during operation
US (1) US7537596B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1643923A4 (en)
JP (1) JP2007515990A (en)
CN (1) CN100553577C (en)
AU (1) AU2004249313B2 (en)
GB (1) GB2419096B (en)
WO (1) WO2004112587A2 (en)
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