Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7054517?dq=7800613
Timestamp: 2014-03-08 07:58:15
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Matched Legal Cases: ['application No. 10', 'application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09']

Patent US7054517 - Multiple-wavelength optical source - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsAn apparatus comprises: a planar optical waveguide having sets of locking diffractive elements and means for routing optical signals; and corresponding lasers. Lasers launch signals into the planar waveguide that are successively incident on elements of the locking diffractive element sets, which route...http://www.google.com/patents/US7054517?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7054517 - Multiple-wavelength optical sourceAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7054517 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 10/923,455Publication dateMay 30, 2006Filing dateAug 21, 2004Priority dateMar 16, 2000Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS7203401, US20050018951, US20060193553Publication number10923455, 923455, US 7054517 B2, US 7054517B2, US-B2-7054517, US7054517 B2, US7054517B2InventorsThomas W. Mossberg, Dmitri Iazikov, Christoph M. GreinerOriginal AssigneeLightsmyth Technologies IncExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (3), Referenced by (29), Classifications (26), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMultiple-wavelength optical sourceUS 7054517 B2Abstract An apparatus comprises: a planar optical waveguide having sets of locking diffractive elements and means for routing optical signals; and corresponding lasers. Lasers launch signals into the planar waveguide that are successively incident on elements of the locking diffractive element sets, which route fractions of the signals back to the lasers as locking feedback signals. The routing means route between lasers and output port(s) portions of those fractions of signals transmitted by locking diffractive element sets. Locking diffractive element sets may be formed in channel waveguides formed in the planar waveguide, or in slab waveguide region(s) of the planar waveguide. Multiple routing means may comprise routing diffractive element sets formed in a slab waveguide region of the planar waveguide, or may comprise an arrayed waveguide grating formed in the planar waveguide. The apparatus may comprise a multiple-wavelength optical source.
a planar optical waveguide having at least one set of locking diffractive elements and at least one corresponding means for routing an optical signal, the planar optical waveguide substantially confining in at least one transverse spatial dimension optical signals propagating therein; and
at least one corresponding laser,
each corresponding laser is positioned so as to launch a corresponding laser optical signal into the planar optical waveguide so that the corresponding laser optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the corresponding locking diffractive element set;
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising multiple lasers, multiple corresponding locking diffractive element sets, and multiple corresponding routing means.
the multiple corresponding routing means comprise multiple corresponding routing diffractive element sets formed in a slab optical waveguide region of the planar optical waveguide; and
the corresponding fractions of the corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are successively incident on the diffractive elements of the corresponding routing diffractive element sets.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the multiple corresponding routing means comprise an arrayed waveguide grating formed in the planar optical waveguide.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the corresponding portions of the multiple corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are routed by the arrayed waveguide grating to a common output optical port.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising at least one optical fiber positioned for receiving from the planar optical waveguide the corresponding portions of the multiple corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets and routed by the arrayed waveguide grating to the corresponding output optical ports.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the corresponding routing diffractive element sets are overlaid.
8. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the corresponding routing diffractive element sets are longitudinally displaced relative to one another.
9. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the corresponding routing diffractive element sets are interleaved.
10. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the corresponding portions of the multiple corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are routed by the corresponding routing diffractive element sets to a common output optical port.
11. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising at least one optical fiber positioned for receiving from the planar optical waveguide the corresponding portions of the multiple corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets and routed by the corresponding routing diffractive element sets to the corresponding output optical ports.
12. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the diffractive elements of the multiple routing diffractive sets comprise curvilinear diffractive elements.
13. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the planar optical waveguide comprises a core and cladding, and the diffractive elements of the multiple routing diffractive element sets are formed in the core, in the cladding, on the cladding, or at an interface between the core and the cladding.
14. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a slab waveguide region formed in the planar optical waveguide positioned for receiving the corresponding laser optical signals launched from the corresponding lasers into the planar optical waveguide, wherein the corresponding locking diffractive element sets route within the slab waveguide region the corresponding fractions of the corresponding laser optical signals back to the corresponding lasers.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are longitudinally displaced relative to one another.
16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are interleaved.
17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the diffractive elements of the multiple locking diffractive sets comprise curvilinear diffractive elements.
18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are overlaid.
19. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising multiple corresponding photodetectors positioned for receiving portions of the corresponding laser optical signals that propagate out of the planar optical waveguide.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein each locking diffractive element set comprises a corresponding higher-order set of diffractive elements for redirecting a portion of the corresponding laser optical signal to propagate out of the planar optical waveguide and impinge on the corresponding monitor photodetector.
21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein each routing means comprises a corresponding higher-order set of diffractive elements for redirecting a portion of the corresponding laser optical signal to propagate out of the planar optical waveguide and impinge on the corresponding monitor photodetector.
22. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising multiple corresponding feedback mechanisms operatively coupled to the corresponding photodetectors for controlling power of the corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets.
23. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the multiple lasers are integrated into the planar optical waveguide.
24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the planar optical waveguide and the multiple lasers integrated therein comprise semiconductor materials.
25. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising multiple corresponding channel optical waveguides formed in the planar optical waveguide positioned for receiving the corresponding laser optical signals launched from the corresponding lasers into the planar optical waveguide, wherein the corresponding locking diffractive element sets route within the corresponding channel optical waveguides the corresponding fractions of the corresponding laser optical signals back to the corresponding lasers.
26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the corresponding channel optical waveguides have tapered or flared end segments for delivering to the corresponding routing means the portions of the corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets.
27. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the multiple lasers comprise a set of individual lasers each assembled with the planar optical waveguide.
28. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the multiple lasers comprise an integrated laser array assembled with the planar optical waveguide.
29. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the corresponding laser operating wavelength ranges substantially correspond to operating wavelength channels of a WDM telecommunications system.
30. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the planar optical waveguide comprises a core and cladding, and the diffractive elements of the multiple locking diffractive element sets are formed in the core, in the cladding, on the cladding, or at an interface between the core and the cladding.
31. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a temperature controller for maintaining the planar optical waveguide substantially within an operating temperature range.
RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims benefit of prior-filed provisional App. No. 60/497,410 entitled �Multi-wavelength integrated optical source� filed Aug. 21, 2003 in the names of Thomas W. Mossberg, Dmitri Iazikov, and Christoph M. Greiner, said provisional application being hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
This application is a continuation-in-part of prior-filed U.S. non-provisonal application No. 10/653,876 entitled �Amplitude and phase control in distributed optical structures� filed Sep. 2, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,829,417 in the names of Christoph M. Greiner, Dmitri Iazikov, and Thomas W. Mossberg, which is in turn a continuation-in-part of U.S. non-provisional application No. 10/229,444 entitled �Amplitude and phase control in distributed optical structures� filed Aug. 27, 2002 in the names of Thomas W. Mossberg and Christoph M. Greiner, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,678,429 issued Jan. 13, 2004. Each of said application and said patent are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. Application No. 10/229,444 in turn claims benefit of provisional App. No. 60/315,302 entitled �Effective gray scale in lithographically scribed planar holographic devices� filed Aug. 27, 2001 in the name of Thomas W. Mossberg, and provisional App. No. 60/370,182 entitled �Amplitude and phase controlled diffractive elements� filed Apr. 4, 2002 in the names of Thomas W. Mossberg and Christoph M. Greiner, both of said provisional applications being hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
This application is a continuation-in-part of prior-filed non-provisional application No. 09/811,081 entitled �Holographic spectral filter� filed Mar. 16, 2001 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,879,441 in the name of Thomas W. Mossberg, and a continuation-in-part of prior-filed non-provisional application No. 09/843,597 entitled �Optical processor� filed Apr. 26, 2001 in the name of Thomas W. Mossberg, application No. 09/843,597 in turn being a continuation-in-part of said application No. 09/811,081. Said application No. 09/811,081 in turn claims benefit of: 1) provisional App. No. 60/190,126 filed Mar. 16, 2000; 2) provisional App. No. 60/199,790 filed Apr. 26, 2000; 3) provisional App. No. 60/235,330 filed Sep. 26, 2000; and 4) provisional App. No. 60/247,231 filed Nov. 10, 2000. Each of said non-provisional applications and each of said provisional applications are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 09/811,081 entitled �Holographic spectral filter� filed Mar. 16, 2001 in the name of Thomas W. Mossberg; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 09/843,597 entitled �Optical processor� filed Apr. 26, 2001 in the name of Thomas W. Mossberg; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/229,444 entitled �Amplitude and phase control in distributed optical structures� filed Aug. 27, 2002 in the names of Thomas W. Mossberg and Christoph M. Greiner (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,678,429 issued Jan. 13, 2004); U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/602,327 entitled �Holographic spectral filter� filed Jun. 23, 2003 in the name of Thomas W. Mossberg; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/653,876 entitled �Amplitude and phase control in distributed optical structures� filed Sep. 2, 2003 in the names of Thomas W. Mossberg and Christoph M. Greiner; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/740,194 entitled �Optical multiplexing device� filed Dec. 17, 2003 in the names of Dmitri Iazikov, Thomas W. Mossberg, and Christoph M. Greiner; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/794,634 entitled �Temperature-compensated planar waveguide optical apparatus� filed Mar. 5, 2004 in the names of Dmitri Iazikov, Thomas W. Mossberg, and Christoph M. Greiner; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/798,089 entitled �Optical structures distributed among multiple optical waveguides� filed Mar. 10, 2004 in the names of Christoph M. Greiner, Thomas W. Mossberg, and Dmitri Iazikov; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/842,790 entitled �Multimode planar waveguide spectral filter� filed May 11, 2004 in the names of Thomas W. Mossberg, Christoph M. Greiner, and Dmitri Iazikov; U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/857,987 entitled �Optical waveform recognition and/or generation and optical switching� filed May 29, 2004 in the names of Lawrence D. Brice, Christoph M. Greiner, Thomas W. Mossberg, and Dmitri Iazikov; and U.S. non-provisional application Ser. No. 10/898,527 entitled �Distributed optical structures with improved diffraction efficiency and/or improves optical coupling� filed Jul. 22, 2004 in the names of Dmitri Iazikov, Christoph M. Greiner, and Thomas W. Mossberg. Each of these applications and patent is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
SUMMARY An optical apparatus comprises: i) a planar optical waveguide having at least one set of locking diffractive elements and at least one corresponding means for routing an optical signal; and ii) at least one corresponding laser. The planar optical waveguide substantially confines in at least one transverse spatial dimension optical signals propagating therein. Each corresponding laser is positioned so as to launch a corresponding laser optical signal into the planar optical waveguide so that the corresponding laser optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the corresponding locking diffractive element set. Each locking diffractive element set routes within the planar optical waveguide a fraction of the corresponding laser optical signal back to the corresponding laser with a corresponding locking transfer function. The fraction of the laser optical signal thus routed serves as a corresponding locking optical feedback signal, thereby substantially restricting the corresponding laser optical signal to a corresponding laser operating wavelength range, determined at least in part by the corresponding locking transfer function of the corresponding locking diffractive element set. Each corresponding routing means routes within the planar optical waveguide, between the corresponding laser and a corresponding output optical port with a corresponding routing transfer function, at least a portion of that fraction of the corresponding laser optical signal that is transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element set. The optical apparatus may comprise multiple lasers, multiple corresponding locking diffractive element sets, and multiple corresponding routing means, thereby comprising a multiple-wavelength optical source.
FIGS. 4A�4D are schematic cross-sections of diffractive elements in a planar waveguide.
FIGS. 5A�5B are schematic top views of diffractive elements in a planar waveguide.
FIGS. 6A�6B illustrate schematically termination of a channel waveguide core in a planar waveguide.
Schematic plan views of exemplary embodiments of multiple-wavelength optical sources 1000 are shown in FIGS. 1�3. Multiple channel optical waveguide cores 1003 are formed in a region of planar waveguide 1001. Each channel waveguide core 1003 is positioned to receive a corresponding optical signal from a corresponding laser 1015. In FIG. 1, lasers 1015 comprise a set of individual lasers each independently assembled with the planar waveguide 1001. In FIG. 2, lasers 1015 comprise an integrated laser array that is assembled with the planar waveguide 1001. In FIG. 3, lasers 1015 are integrally formed on the planar waveguide 1001. Drive current or electronic control signals may be delivered to lasers 1015 via electrical conductors 1019. Each corresponding channel waveguide includes a set of locking diffractive elements 1011. Each laser optical signal launched along the corresponding channel waveguide core 1003 is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the corresponding locking diffractive element set 1011. The locking diffractive element sets 1011 each route along the corresponding channel waveguide core 1003 a fraction of the laser optical signal launched by the corresponding laser 1015 into the channel waveguide. The routed fraction of the optical signal is directed back to the laser to serve as a locking optical feedback signal. Each locking diffractive element set 1011 imparts onto the diffracted fraction of the optical signal a corresponding locking transfer function, which determines at least in part the operating wavelength range of the corresponding laser 1015. The spectral characteristics of the locking transfer function are independent of the operating current or other operating parameters of the laser, and the resulting optical feedback tends to substantially restrict the laser optical signal to a selected operating wavelength range in spite of variations in drive current or other laser operating parameters.
The diffractive elements may be formed in the channel waveguides in any suitable way, including but not limited to those listed hereinabove, and including but not limited to those disclosed in the incorporated references listed hereinabove. Examples are shown in FIGS. 4A�4D, which are schematic side cross-sectional views of diffractive elements in a planar waveguide 11. The planar waveguide in these embodiments is formed on a substrate 9 and comprises a core 5 surrounded by cladding 1 and 3. Diffractive elements 8 may be formed within the core (FIG. 4A), in the cladding (FIG. 4B), on the cladding (FIG. 4C), at the interface between core and cladding (FIG. 4D), or any combination of these locations. The diffractive elements 8 may comprise core material (FIG. 4B; FIG. 4D, if the diffractive elements protrude into the cladding as shown), cladding material (FIGS. 4A and 4C; FIG. 4D, if the diffractive elements extend into the core), or one or more materials differing from the core material and the cladding material (FIGS. 4A�4D).
The fractions of the laser optical signals that are transmitted through the corresponding locking diffractive element sets constitute the outputs of the lasers. The transmitted fractions propagate along the corresponding channel waveguide cores 1003, exit the corresponding distal ends thereof, and enter a slab optical waveguide region 1002 of the planar waveguide 1001 (FIGS. 1�3). In this region the transmitted fractions of the laser optical signals each propagate in two dimensions and impinge on routing diffractive element sets 1027, which serve (along with distal portions of channel waveguide cores 1003, and channel waveguide core 1007) as means for routing the transmitted fractions of the laser optical signals between the corresponding laser and a corresponding output port. The transmitted fractions of the laser optical signals are successively incident on the diffractive elements of the routing diffractive element sets 1027. The multiple routing sets of diffractive elements are each arranged to route at least a portion of the transmitted fraction of the corresponding laser optical signal to a corresponding output optical port. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1�3, the distal ends of the channel waveguide cores 1003 function as the corresponding input ports of the corresponding diffractive element sets 1027. All of the routing diffractive element sets may route the corresponding optical signals to a single output port, or the routed optical signals may be routed among multiple output optical ports in any desired combination. An output optical port may comprise the end of a channel waveguide core 1007 formed on the planar waveguide 1001 (FIGS. 1 and 2), or may comprise a spatial beam size, beam shape, beam position, and beam propagation direction at an edge of the planar waveguide 1001 (designated 1008 in FIG. 3). The routed portions of the corresponding laser optical signals may enter an optical fiber 1023 positioned at the output port 1008 or at the end of channel waveguide core 1007, as the case may be. The output port(s) may be located on the same edge of the planar waveguide 1001 as the lasers 1015 (FIG. 1), may be located on an adjacent edge of planar waveguide 1001 (FIGS. 2 and 3), or may be located in any other suitable location on an edge of planar waveguide 1001. If multiple routed portions of the laser optical signals are routed to a common optical output port, then the corresponding routing diffractive element sets function as a multiplexer, and enable injection of multiple wavelength channels into a common optical fiber output.
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated schematically in FIG. 9, the locking diffractive element sets 1011 comprise curvilinear diffractive elements formed in the slab optical waveguide region 1002. The laser optical signals emerge from the distal ends of channel waveguide cores 1003, propagate in two dimensions through slab waveguide region 1002, and are successively incident on the locking diffractive elements of the corresponding sets 1011. The schematic cross-sectional views of FIGS. 4A�4D may represent curvilinear locking diffractive elements sets 1011. The curvilinear diffractive elements are shaped to redirect a fraction of the laser optical signal back to the laser with a locking transfer function, in a manner analogous to that described hereinabove for locking diffractive element sets formed in channel waveguides. Suitable curvilinear shapes may be determined in a manner analogous to those used for determining the curvilinear shapes of the routing diffractive element sets, as described hereinabove or disclosed in the references incorporated hereinabove. The fractions of the corresponding laser optical signals transmitted by the corresponding locking diffractive element sets are successively incident on the elements of the corresponding routing diffractive element sets 1027, which route portions of the corresponding laser optical signals to corresponding output port(s). The channel waveguide cores 1003 may be omitted completely, with the lasers 1015 launching the corresponding laser optical signals directly into slab waveguide region 1002. The curvilinear locking diffractive elements sets may include higher-order sections thereof, for directing a portion of the corresponding laser optical signals out of the planar waveguide, and corresponding photodetectors may be positioned for receiving these corresponding redirected portions. The curvilinear locking diffractive element sets may be stacked, overlaid, or interleaved in a manner analogous to that described hereinabove for the routing diffractive element set, or disclosed in the references incorporated hereinabove.
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Classification385/14, 385/10, 385/129International ClassificationG02B5/32, G02B6/12, G02B6/34Cooperative ClassificationG02B6/12007, G02B6/4214, G02B6/12004, G02B6/29328, G02B5/32, G02B6/124, G02B6/12019, G02B6/42, G02B6/29326, G02B6/12009, G02B2006/12164European ClassificationG02B6/124, G02B6/12M, G02B6/12D, G02B6/42, G02B5/32, G02B6/293D4S2, G02B6/293D4S4, G02B6/12M2O, G02B6/12M2Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJan 10, 2014REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedOct 23, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Nov 4, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: STEYPHI SERVICES DE LLC, DELAWAREFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIGHTSMYTH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:021785/0140Effective date: 20080814Owner name: STEYPHI SERVICES DE LLC,DELAWAREFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIGHTSMYTH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;US-ASSIGNMENT DATABASE UPDATED:20100518;REEL/FRAME:21785/140Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIGHTSMYTH TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:21785/140Sep 6, 2005ASAssignmentOwner name: LIGHTSMYTH TECHNOLOGIES INC, OREGONFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GREINER, CHRISTOPH M;MOSSBERG, THOMAS W;IAZIKOV, DMITRI;REEL/FRAME:016495/0297Effective date: 20050816RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google