Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2005064045A/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-19 05:27:46
Document Index: 46296447

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 14', 'art 14', 'art 20', 'art 29', 'art 29', 'art 62', 'art 61', 'art 62', 'art 71', 'art 73', 'art 42', 'art 72', 'art 72', 'art 62', 'art 73', 'art 52', 'art)\n20']

JP2005064045A - Optical device, aligner, and method of manufacturing device - Google Patents
Optical device, aligner, and method of manufacturing device Download PDF
JP2005064045A
JP2005064045A JP2003207497A JP2003207497A JP2005064045A JP 2005064045 A JP2005064045 A JP 2005064045A JP 2003207497 A JP2003207497 A JP 2003207497A JP 2003207497 A JP2003207497 A JP 2003207497A JP 2005064045 A JP2005064045 A JP 2005064045A
JP2003207497A
2003-08-13 Application filed by Nikon Corp, 株式会社ニコン filed Critical Nikon Corp
2003-08-13 Priority to JP2003207497A priority Critical patent/JP2005064045A/en
2005-03-10 Publication of JP2005064045A publication Critical patent/JP2005064045A/en
When an optical member is disposed at a boundary between a plurality of spaces, an optical device capable of preventing leakage of gas or the like through the boundary and suppressing a decrease in optical performance is provided.
In an optical device including a space formed on an optical path of an energy beam and supplied with a predetermined gas, an optical member disposed at a boundary between the space and the other space, The opposing member 20 which has an opposing surface which opposes the peripheral part 14c of the optical member 14, and is installed at intervals between the opposing surface and the peripheral part 14c of the optical member 14, A fluid 25 provided between the opposing surfaces and separating the space 11 from the other space 13 and a flow stop for holding the fluid 25 in a predetermined position are provided.
The present invention relates to an optical device that is formed on an optical path of an energy beam and includes a space to which a predetermined gas is supplied, and in particular, an electronic device such as a semiconductor element, a liquid crystal display element, an imaging element (CCD, etc.), a thin film magnetic head, The present invention relates to an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a device and a technique used in a device manufacturing method.
When an electronic device such as a semiconductor element or a liquid crystal display element is manufactured by a photolithography process, a pattern image of a mask or reticle (hereinafter referred to as a reticle) on which a pattern is formed is exposed to a photosensitive material (resist) via a projection optical system. A projection exposure apparatus that projects onto each projection (shot) region on a substrate coated with is used. The circuit of the electronic device is transferred by exposing the circuit pattern onto the substrate to be exposed by the projection exposure apparatus, and is formed by post-processing.
In recent years, integrated circuits have been integrated at high density, that is, circuit patterns have been miniaturized. Therefore, the exposure illumination beam (exposure light) in the projection exposure apparatus tends to be shortened. That is, instead of the mercury lamps that have been mainstream so far, a short wavelength light source such as a KrF excimer laser (wavelength: 248 nm) has come to be used, and an exposure apparatus using a short wavelength ArF excimer laser (193 nm) has been practically used. Is also entering the final stage. In addition, with the aim of higher density integration, F 2 Development of an exposure apparatus using a laser (157 nm) is in progress.
Beams having a wavelength of about 190 nm or less belong to the vacuum ultraviolet region, and these beams do not transmit air. This is because the energy of the beam is absorbed by substances such as oxygen molecules, water molecules, carbon dioxide molecules (hereinafter referred to as light absorbing materials) contained in the air.
In an exposure apparatus that uses exposure light in the vacuum ultraviolet region, in order for the exposure light to reach the substrate to be exposed with sufficient illuminance, it is necessary to reduce or eliminate the light-absorbing substance from the space on the optical path of the exposure light. For this reason, the exposure apparatus often encloses the space on the optical path with a housing and fills the space in the housing with a permeable gas that transmits exposure light (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this case, for example, if the total optical path length is 1000 mm, the concentration of the light-absorbing substance in the space on the optical path is practically about 1 ppm or less.
JP-A-6-260385
In an optical apparatus having a space in which a predetermined gas is supplied on the optical path like the above exposure apparatus, leakage of gas or the like is prevented by adopting a seal structure. As a seal structure, a technique for closing a gap by deforming a seal member such as an O-ring is generally used.
However, in the above technique, when an optical member is disposed at the boundary between a plurality of spaces, the optical member is deformed by a force (or a reaction force) for deforming the seal member, resulting in a decrease in optical performance. There is a fear.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and in the case where an optical member is disposed at a boundary between a plurality of spaces, while preventing leakage of gas and the like through the boundary, the optical performance is improved. An object of the present invention is to provide an optical device capable of suppressing the decrease. Another object of the present invention is to provide an exposure apparatus capable of improving the exposure accuracy. Another object of the present invention is to provide a device with improved accuracy of a pattern to be formed.
In the optical apparatus and the like according to the present invention, the following means are employed in order to solve the above problems.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical device (10, 40, 50) formed on an optical path of an energy beam (IL) and provided with a space (11) to which a predetermined gas is supplied. An optical member (14) disposed at the boundary with the space (13), and opposed surfaces (20a, 28a, 42a, 44a, 52a, 54a) facing the peripheral portions (14c, 14d) of the optical member; An opposing member (20, 28, 42, 44, 52, 54) installed with a space between the opposing surface and the peripheral edge of the optical member, and provided between the peripheral edge of the optical member and the opposing surface. And a fluid (25, 41, 51) that separates the space from the other space, and a flow stop (60, 70, 80, 90, etc.) for holding the fluid in a predetermined position. According to the present invention, in this optical device, the optical member is supported in a state where a gap is formed between the peripheral portion of the optical member and the support portion, and the fluid layer is formed between the peripheral portion of the optical member and the support portion. Is provided. Since the fluid is held at a predetermined position by the flow stop, it is possible to prevent leakage of gas or the like through the boundaries of the plurality of spaces. Further, in the seal structure using the fluid layer, the force acting on the optical member along with the seal is less than in the structure using the seal member such as an O-ring. Therefore, in this optical device, deformation of the optical member is suppressed when the optical member is arranged at the boundary between a plurality of spaces. Further, in the seal structure using the fluid layer, the restriction on the posture of the optical member is small, and the adjustment of the arrangement of the optical member is easy. In addition, as a flow stop for holding the fluid in a predetermined position, the viscosity of the fluid itself or a surface treatment applied to the surface in contact with the fluid is also used.
Further, when the opposing member has a support member (20, 42, 52) that supports the optical member, the use of an existing member can suppress the complexity and size of the apparatus.
In addition, when the fluid (25, 41, 51) is a fluorinated grease, the chemical cleanliness can be improved and the fluid can be prevented from flowing out by adjusting the viscosity.
In addition, in the case where the flow stopper (60, 70, 80, 90, etc.) is formed by processing the part in contact with the fluid to have different surface characteristics from the other part, the surface characteristic of the part in contact with the fluid layer is the other part. Therefore, it is possible to improve the retention and sealing performance of the fluid layer. For example, it is possible to improve the retention and sealing performance of the fluid layer by improving the wettability with respect to the fluid layer of the portion in contact with the fluid layer. The fluid (25, 41, 51) is stored in a recess (61, 71, 81) formed on one of the optical member and the opposing member, and the flow stopper is a convex portion formed on the other of the optical member and the opposing member. In the case where at least a part of (62, 72, 82) is configured to be immersed in the fluid stored in the recess, fluid leakage can be prevented with a simple structure.
If the opposing member has a seat (53) that supports or holds the optical member, and the seat also serves as a flow stopper, the use of an existing member can increase the size of the device without using a special device or mechanism. Can be suppressed.
In the second invention, the exposure apparatus (100) illuminates the mask (R) on which the pattern is formed with the energy beam (IL), and the pattern of the mask (R) on the substrate (W). At least one of the projection optical system (PL) and the optical device (10, 40, 50) according to the first invention is configured. According to the present invention, in this exposure apparatus, leakage of gas or the like in the optical apparatus is prevented, and optical performance is improved, so that exposure accuracy is improved.
In the above exposure apparatus, for example, the optical member is the optical element (351) facing the substrate (W) among the plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system (PL), and the space is in the projection optical system. The other space is a space (303) between the optical element and the substrate.
In this case, the first gas is supplied to the first gas supply mechanism (310) for supplying the first gas to the space (301) in the projection optical system and to the space (303) between the optical element and the substrate. And a second gas supply mechanism (311) for supplying a second gas of a different type to the space in the projection optical system and the space between the optical element and the substrate. Gas is supplied, and leakage of gas or the like through the boundary between the spaces is prevented.
In the above exposure apparatus, for example, the optical member is an optical element (350) arranged on the mask (R) side among a plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system (PL), and the space is A space (301) in the projection optical system (PL), and the other space is a space (302) between the optical element (350) and the mask (R).
In this case, the first gas is supplied to the first gas supply mechanism (310) for supplying the first gas to the space (301) in the projection optical system and the space (302) between the optical element and the mask. And a second gas supply mechanism (311) for supplying a second gas of a different type from each other, the space in the projection optical system and the space between the optical element and the mask are of different types. Gas is supplied, and leakage of gas or the like through the boundary between the spaces is prevented.
In a third aspect of the invention, the device manufacturing method includes a lithography process in which the device pattern formed on the mask (R) is transferred onto the substrate (W) using the exposure apparatus (100) according to the second aspect of the invention. I did it. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a device in which the accuracy of a pattern to be formed is improved by improving the exposure accuracy.
Hereinafter, embodiments of an optical device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a first embodiment of an optical device 10 according to the present invention.
The optical device 10 includes a space 11 formed on the optical path of the energy beam IL and supplied with a predetermined gas. This space 11 is an internal space of a cylindrical casing 12 that constitutes the optical device 10. An optical member 14 is disposed at the boundary between the space 11 and the external space 13. That is, an opening 15 through which the energy beam IL passes is formed in the housing 12, and the optical member 14 is disposed so as to close the opening 15. The optical member 14 is composed of parallel flat plates (parallel plane plates) having surfaces parallel to each other, optical surfaces 14a and 14b having optically effective areas, and peripheral surfaces 14c and 14d in the same plane as the optical surface. And side surface 14e. The optical surface 14a and the optical surface 14b are parallel to each other, and the peripheral surface 14c and the peripheral surface 14d are also parallel to each other.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing a seal structure using a fluid.
In the optical device 10, the space 11 and the external space 13 are isolated by a fluid provided between the optical member 14 and the housing 12. In FIG. 2, a support portion 20 that supports the optical member 14 is provided at an end portion of the housing 12 in the axial direction. The support portion 20 has a facing surface 20a facing the one peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14 and a facing surface 20b facing the side surface 14e, and between and facing the facing surface 20a and the peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14. The optical member 14 is supported with a space between the surface 20 b and the side surface 14 e of the optical member 14.
And the fluid layer 25 is provided over the perimeter between the peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14, and the opposing surface 20a in the support part 20. As shown in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. The support portion 20 is in contact with one peripheral surface 14c at the peripheral portion of the optical member 14, and has three seats 27 that support the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 at substantially equal intervals (in this example, 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction). have.
These seats 27 are formed so as to protrude from the facing surface 20a of the support portion 20, and the contact area with the optical member 14 is small.
The housing 12 is disposed at a position corresponding to each of the three seats 27, contacts the other peripheral surface 14 d of the optical member 14, and the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 together with the three seats 27. A hollow disk-shaped lens pressing member 28 to be sandwiched is provided.
The lens pressing member 28 is formed so that a portion in contact with the optical member 14 (lens pressing portion 29) protrudes, and the contact area with the optical member 14 is small. The lens pressing portion 29 of the lens pressing member 28 is disposed so as to have a positional relationship (a relationship in which both are positioned on the same axis L1) facing the seat 27 with the optical member 14 interposed therebetween. That is, the lens pressing portions 29 are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction so as to face the seats 27 on the facing surface 20a (in this example, 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction).
The lens pressing member 28 has a facing surface 28a facing one peripheral surface 14d of the optical member 14, and supports the optical member 14 with a space between the peripheral surface 14d and the facing surface 28a. doing.
In the present embodiment, the lens pressing member 28 has a structure in which three protruding portions (lens pressing portions) are provided on one member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, 3 in which protruding portions are formed. A structure in which two lens pressing members are provided may be employed.
The lens pressing portion 29 may be omitted, and the lens pressing member 28 may be in direct contact with the optical member 14. Furthermore, the lens pressing part 29 may be pressed once to increase the degree of adhesion (sealing degree) between the fluid layer 25 and the optical member 14, and then the lens pressing part 29 may be released.
The fluid preferably has a low vapor pressure and little degassing. Specifically, a fluorine-based grease (for example, BARRIERTA (registered trademark)) is used. Then, by adjusting the viscosity (or consistency) of the fluorinated grease to be high, it can remain in one place and not flow out. That is, the fluid layer 25 is held at a predetermined position by using the viscosity of the liquid as a flow stopper.
In the optical device 10 configured as described above, the fluid layer 25 provided between the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 and the support portion 20 causes leakage of gas or the like at the boundary between the internal space 11 and the external space 13 of the housing 12. Is prevented. That is, in the seal structure using a fluid, the fluid layer 25 is in contact with each of the optical member 14 and the support portion 20 over the entire circumferential direction of the peripheral portion, and the fluid layer 25 serves as a wall to form the internal space 11. And the gas flow between the external space 13 are reliably interrupted.
Moreover, there is little deterioration of the fluid over time, and the change in sealing performance with time is very small. For this reason, in the optical device 10, the casing 12 can be filled with a predetermined gas with high purity and stability with high sealing performance.
Note that the pressure difference between the internal space 11 and the external space 13 of the housing 12 is desirably as small as possible. This is because if the pressure difference is large, the sealing structure by the liquid is destroyed and the gas leaks. In addition, it is desirable to perform temperature and humidity management so that the viscosity of the fluid layer 25 does not change.
In addition, the seal structure using fluid requires less force acting on the optical member 14 along with the seal than the structure using a seal member such as an O-ring. That is, since the fluid layer 25 is held by the viscosity of the fluid, the force acting on the optical member 14 along with the holding is small. Therefore, in this optical device 10, deformation of the optical member 14 accompanying holding is suppressed, and optical performance is improved. Moreover, in the seal structure using a fluid, the frictional resistance between the fluid that is the seal member and the object is smaller than that of the O-ring, and the shape of the fluid layer 25 is easily changed. Therefore, restrictions on the posture of the optical member 14 are small, and adjustment of the arrangement of the optical member 14 is easy.
Further, in this optical device 10, the three seats 27 of the support portion 20 are in contact with one peripheral surface 14 c of the optical member 14, and the lens pressing portions 29 of the three lens pressing members 28 are in contact with the other peripheral surface 14 d of the optical member 14. And the seat 27 and the lens pressing portion 29 are arranged to face each other with the optical member 14 in between. Therefore, the pressing force of the lens pressing member 28 acts so as to press on the same axis L1 with the optical member 14 in between, and the generation of a bending moment inside the optical member 14 due to the holding is suppressed. That is, the holding pressing force cancels out at each position where the seat 27 and the lens pressing portion 29 are in contact with each other. Therefore, in this optical device 10, the occurrence of distortion of the optical member 14 is suppressed, and the optical performance is improved.
In the optical device 10, the fluid layer 25 is disposed between the peripheral surface 14 c of the optical member 14 and the facing surface 20 a of the support portion 20, and the space (interval) in which the fluid layer 25 is disposed is a seat. 27. In this case, there is little change in the shape of the fluid layer 25 such as the thickness of the fluid layer 25, and the sealing performance is hardly lowered.
Here, it is preferable that the portion of the peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14 that is in contact with the fluid layer 25 is processed to have different surface characteristics from the other portions. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the retainability and sealing performance of the fluid layer 25.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the peripheral surface 14c and the facing surface 20a in contact with the fluid layer 25 may be surface-treated so as to be lyophilic with respect to the fluid. Thereby, the wettability of the fluid layer 25 with respect to the optical member 14 is improved, and the retention property and the sealing property of the fluid layer 25 are improved.
In addition, by retaining the peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14 and other portions of the facing surface 20a with respect to the fluid layer 25, the retainability of the fluid layer 25 is further improved.
That is, the liquid-repellent treated portion functions as a flow stopper that prevents fluid leakage.
In addition, as surface treatment, such as lyophilicity, it is good to form the film | membrane which shows lyophilicity with respect to the fluid on the surface of an optical member, for example.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the optical device according to the present invention, and shows a partially enlarged seal structure using a fluid. In addition, in this example, what has the same function as embodiment mentioned above attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits or simplifies the description.
In FIG. 5, in the optical device 40, between the optical member 14 and the housing | casing 12 is sealed using the fluid similarly to 1st Embodiment. In the present embodiment, the flow stop 60 is formed by the optical member 14 and the support portion 42 that supports the optical member 14, and the fluid layer 41 made of fluid is held at a fixed position by the flow stop 60.
A support portion 42 that supports the optical member 14 is provided at an end portion of the housing 12 in the axial direction. As in the first embodiment, the support portion 42 contacts one peripheral surface 14c at the peripheral portion of the optical member 14, and supports the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 at substantially equal intervals (at intervals of 120 ° in the circumferential direction). Three seats 43 are provided.
Further, the housing 12 is disposed at a position corresponding to each of the three seats 43, is in contact with the other peripheral surface 14 d of the optical member 14, and the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 is combined with the three seats 43. A hollow disk-shaped lens pressing member 44 is sandwiched. Similarly to the first embodiment, the lens pressing member 44 is formed by protruding a lens pressing portion 29 in contact with the optical member 14.
The support portion 42 includes a facing surface 42a facing the one peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14 and a facing surface 42b facing the side surface 14e of the optical member 14, and the facing surface 42a and the optical member 14 described above. The optical member 14 is supported with a space between the peripheral surface 14c and between the facing surface 42b and the side surface 14e of the optical member 14. Similarly, the lens pressing member 44 has a facing surface 44a facing the other peripheral surface 14d of the optical member 14, and supports the optical member 14 with a space between the peripheral surface 14d and the facing surface 44a. doing.
Further, a concave portion 61 is formed on the entire circumference of the opposing surface 42a of the support portion 42. And the convex part 62 is formed in the one peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14 in the position corresponding to the said recessed part 61 without a clearance gap in the perimeter. The fluid is stored in the concave portion 61 formed in the support portion 42, and the convex portion 62 formed in the optical member 14 is soaked in the fluid stored in the concave portion 61.
That is, the concave portion 61 formed in the facing surface 42a functions as a flow stopper 60 that holds the fluid layer 41 made of fluid at a fixed position. And the convex part 62 formed in the optical member 14 is immersed in the fluid layer 41, whereby the space between the optical member 14 and the housing 12 is sealed.
FIG. 6 is a view showing another flow stop 70. Unlike the above example, the protrusion 73 is provided on the entire surface of the opposing surface 42a of the support portion 42 without any gap. Thereby, the recessed part 71 is formed by the protrusion part 73 and the opposing surface 42b of the support part 42. FIG. A fluid is accumulated in the recess 71. On the other hand, a groove 74 is formed on one peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14 so as not to interfere with the convex portion 71 of the facing surface 42a, and the groove 74 is stored in the concave portion 71 at the end of the peripheral surface 14c. The convex part 72 is formed in the whole periphery without a gap so as to be immersed in the fluid.
That is, the recess 71 formed by the protrusion 73 and the facing surface 42b functions as a flow stopper 70 that holds the fluid layer 41 made of fluid at a fixed position. And the convex part 72 formed in the optical member 14 is immersed in the fluid layer 41, and the space between the optical member 14 and the housing | casing 12 is sealed.
FIG. 7 is a view showing another flow stop 80. Unlike the above two examples, a concave portion 81 is formed on one peripheral surface 14d of the optical member 14 on the entire periphery thereof. Further, a convex portion 82 is formed on the entire surface of the opposing surface 44a of the lens pressing member 44 at a position corresponding to the concave portion 81 with no gap. The fluid is stored in the concave portion 81 formed in the optical member 14, and the convex portion 82 formed in the pressing member 44 is configured to be immersed in the fluid stored in the concave portion 81.
That is, the concave portion 81 formed in the optical member 14 functions as a flow stop 80 that holds the fluid layer 41 made of fluid at a certain position. Then, the convex portion 82 formed on the pressing member 44 is immersed in the fluid layer 41, thereby sealing between the optical member 14 and the housing 12.
In the above three examples, the fluid layer 25 is held at a fixed position by the flow stoppers 60, 70, 80, so it goes without saying that the viscosity is not limited.
Moreover, although the convex part 62,72,82 and the projection part 73 each demonstrated the case where it formed without a gap over the perimeter, it does not restrict to this. That is, when the viscosity or surface tension of the fluid is high, even if a gap is formed in a part of the protrusions 62, 72, 82 and the protrusion 73, the fluid may flow from the gap. This is because the space between the optical member 14 and the housing 12 is sealed.
Also in the above three examples, the surface of the optical member 14, the convex portions 62, 72, 82, and the protrusion 73 is subjected to a surface treatment having a lyophilic property to the fluid, so that the fluid layer 41 can be retained. Sealability is improved.
In addition, the fluid retaining property is further improved by treating the portion not in contact with the fluid layer 25 to be liquid repellent. That is, the ability to prevent fluid leakage is improved by the portion treated to be liquid repellent functioning as a flow stopper.
In addition, not only when performing both lyophilic processing and lyophobic processing, you may perform only one of lyophilic processing and lyophobic processing.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the optical device according to the present invention, and shows a partially enlarged seal structure using a fluid. In addition, in this example, what has the same function as embodiment mentioned above attaches | subjects the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits or simplifies the description.
In FIG. 8, in the optical device 50, between the optical member 14 and the housing | casing 12 is sealed using the fluid similarly to 1st and 2nd embodiment. In this embodiment, the flow stop 90 is formed by the seat 53 provided in the support portion 52, and the fluid layer 51 made of fluid is held at a fixed position by the flow stop 90.
A support portion 52 that supports the optical member 14 is provided at an end portion in the axial direction of the housing 12. The support portion 52 is in contact with one peripheral surface 14c at the peripheral portion of the optical member 14, and supports a plurality of seats 53 that support the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 at substantially equal intervals (for example, 3 ° intervals in the circumferential direction). have.
Further, the housing 12 is disposed at a position corresponding to each of the plurality of seats 53, contacts the other peripheral surface 14 d of the optical member 14, and the peripheral portion of the optical member 14 is combined with the plurality of seats 53. It has a hollow disk-shaped lens pressing member 54 to be sandwiched. Similarly to the first and second embodiments, the lens pressing member 54 is formed by protruding the lens pressing portion 29 in contact with the optical member 14.
And the support part 52 has the opposing surface 52a which opposes one peripheral surface 14c of the optical member 14, and the opposing surface 52b which opposes the side surface 14e of the optical member 14, The above-mentioned of the opposing surface 52a and the optical member 14 The optical member 14 is supported with a space between the peripheral surface 14c and between the facing surface 52b and the side surface 14e of the optical member 14. Similarly, the lens pressing member 54 has a facing surface 54a facing the other peripheral surface 14d of the optical member 14, and supports the optical member 14 with a space between the peripheral surface 14d and the facing surface 54a. doing.
The fluid is accumulated between the plurality of seats 53 and the facing surface 52b of the support portion 52. That is, the plurality of seats 53 also serve as a flow stopper 90 that holds the fluid layer 51 made of a fluid in a fixed position. And when the peripheral surface 14a of the optical member 14 contacts (immerses) the fluid layer 51 without a gap, the space between the optical member 14 and the housing 12 is sealed.
In order to prevent the fluid from leaking between the plurality of seats 53, it is desirable to use a fluid having a high viscosity. In other words, the installation interval of the seats 53 may be determined so that fluid does not leak from between the plurality of seats 53. For this reason, it is desirable to install the seats 53 at intervals of several degrees in the circumferential direction as in the example described above. In place of the plurality of seats 53, a ring-shaped seat without a gap may be used.
Also in this example, the surface of the optical member 14 and the seat 53 is subjected to a surface treatment having a lyophilic property to the fluid, thereby improving the retention and sealing performance of the fluid layer 51.
FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the above-described optical devices 10, 40 and 50 are applied to the exposure apparatus 100. In FIG. 9, an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system is adopted. In the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, the X axis and the Y axis are set so as to be parallel to a wafer stage WS holding a wafer W as a substrate (photosensitive substrate), and the Z axis is orthogonal to the wafer stage WS. Set to direction. Actually, in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system in the figure, the XY plane is set to a plane parallel to the horizontal plane, and the Z axis is set to the vertical direction.
The exposure apparatus 100 according to this embodiment uses F as an exposure light source. 2 A laser light source is used. Also, one shot area on the wafer W is scanned by synchronizing the reticle R and the wafer W in a predetermined direction relative to the illumination area having a predetermined shape on the reticle R as a mask (projection original). In addition, a step-and-scan system that sequentially transfers the pattern image of the reticle R is adopted. In such a step-and-scan type exposure apparatus, the pattern of the reticle R can be exposed in a region on the substrate (wafer W) wider than the exposure field of the projection optical system.
In FIG. 9, an exposure apparatus 100 includes a laser light source 120, an illumination optical system 121 that illuminates a reticle R with exposure light IL as an energy beam from the laser light source 120, and exposure light IL emitted from the reticle R on a wafer W. Projection optical system PL for projecting to the main body, and a main control device (not shown) for comprehensively controlling the entire apparatus. Further, the exposure apparatus 100 is housed inside a chamber (not shown) as a whole.
The laser light source 120 outputs F ultraviolet light having an oscillation wavelength of 157 nm. 2 Have a laser. Further, the laser light source 120 is provided with a light source control device (not shown), and this light source control device has an oscillation center wavelength and a spectrum half-value width of the emitted pulsed ultraviolet light according to an instruction from the main control device. Control, pulse oscillation trigger control, control of gas in the laser chamber, and the like are performed.
Pulse laser light (illumination light) from the laser light source 120 is deflected by the deflecting mirror 130 and enters a variable dimmer 131 as an optical attenuator. The variable dimmer 131 can adjust the dimming rate stepwise or continuously in order to control the exposure amount of the photoresist on the wafer. The illumination light emitted from the variable dimmer 131 is deflected by the optical path deflecting mirror 132 and then passes through the first fly-eye lens 133, the zoom lens 134, the vibration mirror 135, and the like to the second fly-eye lens 136 in order. Reach. On the exit side of the second fly-eye lens 136, a switching revolver 137 for an illumination optical system aperture stop for setting the size and shape of the effective light source as desired is disposed. In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the light amount loss at the illumination optical system aperture stop, the size of the light flux to the second fly's eye lens 136 by the zoom lens 134 is variable.
The light beam emitted from the aperture of the illumination optical system aperture stop illuminates the illumination field stop (reticle blind) 141 via the condenser lens group 140. The illumination field stop 141 is disclosed in JP-A-4-196513 and US Pat. No. 5,473,410 corresponding thereto.
The light from the illumination field stop 141 is guided onto the reticle R via the illumination field stop imaging optical system (reticle blind imaging system) including the deflection mirrors 142 and 145 and the lens groups 143, 144 and 146, and the reticle R An illumination area that is an image of the opening of the illumination field stop 141 is formed above. The light from the illumination area on the reticle R is guided onto the wafer W via the projection optical system PL, and a reduced image of the pattern in the illumination area of the reticle R is formed on the wafer W. The reticle stage RS that holds the reticle R can be moved two-dimensionally in the XY plane, and its position coordinates are measured and controlled by the interferometer 150. The wafer stage WS that holds the wafer W can also be moved two-dimensionally within the XY plane, and its position coordinates are measured and controlled by the interferometer 151. As a result, the reticle R and the wafer W can be synchronously scanned with high accuracy. Note that the illumination optical system 121 includes the laser light source 120 to the illumination field stop imaging optical system described above.
F used in this embodiment 2 When light in the vacuum ultraviolet region is used as exposure light, such as laser light (wavelength: 157 nm), fluorite (CaF) is used as an optical glass material (optical element) with good transmittance. 2 Crystal), quartz glass doped with fluorine, hydrogen, etc., and magnesium fluoride (MgF) 2 ) Etc. In this case, in the projection optical system PL, it is difficult to obtain a desired imaging characteristic (chromatic aberration characteristic, etc.) by using only a refractive optical member. Therefore, the catadioptric system in which the refractive optical member and the reflecting mirror are combined. May be adopted.
Further, as a light-absorbing substance for light in the vacuum ultraviolet region, oxygen (O 2 ), Water (water vapor: H 2 O 2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide: CO 2 ), Organic substances, and halides. On the other hand, as a gas that transmits light in the vacuum ultraviolet region (substance that hardly absorbs energy), nitrogen gas (N 2 ), Hydrogen (H 2 ), Helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn). Hereinafter, the nitrogen gas and the rare gas will be collectively referred to as “permeable gas”. In the present embodiment, the illumination optical path (the optical path from the laser light source 120 to the reticle R) and the projection optical path (the optical path from the reticle R to the wafer W) are blocked from the external atmosphere, and these optical paths are against vacuum ultraviolet light. It is filled with a gas such as nitrogen, helium, argon, neon, krypton, xenon, radon, or a mixed gas thereof as a permeable gas having low absorption characteristics.
Specifically, the optical path from the laser light source 120 to the variable dimmer 131 is blocked from the external atmosphere by the casing 160, and the optical path from the variable dimmer 131 to the illumination field stop 141 is blocked from the external atmosphere by the casing 161. The illumination field stop imaging optical system is shielded from the external atmosphere by the casing 162, and the optical gas is filled in the optical path. The casing 161 and the casing 162 are connected by a casing 163. The projection optical system PL itself also has a lens barrel 169 as a casing, and the internal optical path is filled with the permeable gas.
The casing 164 blocks the space between the casing 162 containing the illumination field stop imaging optical system and the projection optical system PL from the external atmosphere, and the reticle stage RS that holds the reticle R is accommodated therein. Yes. The casing 164 is provided with a door 170 for loading / unloading the reticle R. The outside of the door 170 prevents the atmosphere in the casing 164 from being contaminated when the reticle R is loaded / unloaded. A gas replacement chamber 165 is provided. The gas replacement chamber 165 is also provided with a door 171, and the reticle is transferred to and from the reticle stocker 166 storing a plurality of types of reticles via the door 171.
The casing 167 blocks the space between the projection optical system PL and the wafer W from the external atmosphere, and a wafer stage WS that holds the wafer W via the wafer holder 180 and a surface of the wafer W inside the casing 167. Accommodates an oblique incidence type autofocus sensor 181 for detecting a position (focus position) and an inclination angle in the Z direction, an off-axis alignment sensor 182, a surface plate 183 on which a wafer stage WS is placed, and the like. ing. The casing 167 is provided with a door 172 for loading and unloading the wafer W, and a gas replacement chamber 168 for preventing the atmosphere inside the casing 167 from being contaminated is provided outside the door 172. It has been. The gas replacement chamber 168 is provided with a door 173, and the wafer W is carried into and out of the apparatus through the door 173.
Nitrogen or helium is preferably used as the permeable gas (purge gas) filled in the space on each optical path. Nitrogen acts as a light absorbing material for light having a wavelength of about 150 nm or less, and helium can be used as a permeable gas for light having a wavelength of about 100 nm or less. Helium has a thermal conductivity of about 6 times that of nitrogen, and the amount of change in refractive index with respect to changes in atmospheric pressure is about 1/8 of that of nitrogen. And is excellent at. Note that helium may be used as the permeable gas for the lens barrel of the projection optical system PL, and nitrogen may be used as the permeable gas for other optical paths (for example, an illumination optical path from the laser light source 120 to the reticle R).
Here, each of the casings 161, 162, 164, and 167 is provided with air supply valves 200, 201, 202, and 203. These air supply valves 200 to 203 are air supply pipes in a gas supply system (not shown). Connected to the road. Further, exhaust valves 210, 211, 212, and 213 are provided in the casings 161, 162, 164, and 167, respectively, and these exhaust valves 210 to 213 are respectively connected to exhaust pipe lines in the gas supply system. ing.
Similarly, the gas replacement chambers 165 and 168 are also provided with exhaust valves 214 and 215 extending to the supply valves 204 and 205, and the supply tube 206 and the exhaust valve 216 are also provided to the lens barrel 169 of the projection optical system PL. Is connected to an air supply line or an exhaust line in the gas supply system.
In the gas replacement chambers 165 and 168, it is necessary to perform gas replacement at the time of reticle exchange or wafer exchange. For example, when exchanging the reticle, the door 171 is opened, the reticle is loaded into the gas replacement chamber 165 from the reticle stocker 166, the door 171 is closed, and the gas replacement chamber 165 is filled with a permeable gas. And the reticle is placed on the reticle stage RS. When exchanging the wafer, the door 173 is opened and the wafer is loaded into the gas replacement chamber 168. The door 173 is closed to fill the gas replacement chamber 168 with the permeable gas. Thereafter, the door 172 is opened and the wafer is placed on the wafer holder 180. In the case of reticle unloading and wafer unloading, the reverse procedure is performed. In the gas replacement in the gas replacement chambers 165 and 168, the permeable gas may be supplied from the air supply valve after the atmosphere in the gas replacement chamber is decompressed.
Further, in the casings 164 and 167, there is a possibility that gas that has undergone gas replacement by the gas replacement chambers 165 and 168 may be mixed, and the gas in the gas replacement chambers 165 and 168 absorbs a considerable amount of oxygen or the like. There is a high possibility that the substance is mixed. Therefore, it is desirable to perform gas replacement at the same timing as gas replacement in the gas replacement chambers 165 and 168. Moreover, it is preferable to fill the casing and the gas replacement chamber with a permeable gas having a pressure higher than that of the external atmosphere.
FIG. 10 shows an example of a configuration of a gas supply system 300 that supplies the above-described permeable gas as a purge gas to each space on the optical path of the above-described exposure light. In FIG. 10, among the above-described spaces on the optical path of the exposure light IL, the space 301 inside the lens barrel 169 in the projection optical system PL, and the space 302 inside the casing 164 that stores the reticle stage RS, as the supply destination of the permeable gas. And a space 303 inside the casing 167 for accommodating the wafer stage WS is representatively shown. In this example, helium gas (He) is supplied to the space 301, and nitrogen gas (N 2 ) Is supplied. In addition, either helium gas or nitrogen gas is appropriately supplied to other spaces among the spaces on the optical path of the exposure light.
The gas supply system 300 includes a first gas supply mechanism 310 for helium gas and a second gas supply mechanism 311 for nitrogen gas. The first gas supply mechanism 310 and the second gas supply mechanism 311 supply gas to each space on the optical path from gas supply sources 320 and 321, such as a gas cylinder containing helium gas or nitrogen gas, and the gas supply sources 320 and 321, respectively. Gas supply devices 322, 323, and 324, and exhaust devices 325 and 326 that discharge gas including gas from each space on the optical path. The gas supply system 300 may include a filter, a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the gas, a concentration meter that measures the concentration of the light-absorbing substance in each space on the optical path, and the like as appropriate.
The gas supply devices 322, 323, and 324, for example, pressurize the gas sent from the gas supply sources 320 and 321, and supply the gas to the spaces 301, 302, and 303 via the supply lines 330, 331, and 332, respectively. To do. If the gas discharged from the gas supply sources 320 and 321 has a sufficient pressure, the gas supply device can be omitted. The piping used for the air supply pipes 330, 331, and 332 includes a washed metal such as stainless steel, a washed tetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-terefluoro (alkyl vinyl ether), or tetrafluoroethylene- Chemically clean materials such as various polymers such as hexafluoropropene copolymer are used, and as the pipe joint, for example, a metal such as stainless steel subjected to oil prohibition treatment or a product made of various polymers is used.
The exhaust devices 325 and 326 discharge the gas in the spaces 301, 302, and 303 through the exhaust pipe lines 333, 334, and 335, for example, by generating a vacuum pressure. The gas discharged from each of the spaces 301, 302, and 303 is discharged to a space outside the apparatus, for example. Note that the gas discharged from each of the spaces 301, 302, and 303 may be purified and reused as a purge gas. By reusing the gas, the consumption of the purge gas (in this example, helium gas) can be reduced.
In the exposure apparatus 100 of this example, helium gas (He) is supplied to the space 301 inside the lens barrel 169 of the projection optical system PL by the first gas supply mechanism 310, and the reticle R is arranged by the second gas supply mechanism 311. The nitrogen gas (N 2 ) Is supplied. That is, different types of gases are supplied to the space 302 in the projection optical system PL and the spaces 303 and 304 adjacent to the space 302.
Of the plurality of optical members (optical elements) constituting the projection optical system PL, each of the optical element 350 disposed at the uppermost stage on the reticle R side and the optical element 351 disposed at the lowermost stage on the wafer W side. On the other hand, the above-described seal structure using the fluid is used. That is, the optical element 350 is disposed at the boundary between the space 301 inside the projection optical system PL and the space 302 in which the reticle R is disposed, and is supported by the support portion 355 having the seal structure shown in FIGS. ing. Similarly, the optical element 351 is disposed at the boundary between the space 301 inside the projection optical system PL and the space 303 in which the wafer W is disposed, and has a seal structure using the fluid shown in FIGS. It is supported by the support portion 355.
In the exposure apparatus of this example, the boundary between the space 301 in the projection optical system PL and the space 302 in which the reticle R is disposed, and the boundary between the space 301 in the projection optical system PL and the space 303 in which the wafer W is disposed. Since each of them is sealed using a fluid, leakage of gas or the like through the boundary between them is prevented. Therefore, each space 301, 302, 303 on the optical path of the exposure light is filled with helium gas or nitrogen gas with high purity and stability with high sealing performance. Further, the deformation of the optical elements 350 and 351 accompanying the seal is small, and the optical characteristics are improved.
Here, the optical elements 350 and 351 are formed of parallel flat plates (parallel flat plates) having surfaces parallel to each other. Further, by adjusting the posture and position of the optical elements 350 and 351, it is possible to correct local aberrations (such as distortion that is not rotationally symmetric) of the exposure light. In this example, since the seal structure using the fluid is used in the support portion 355 of the optical elements 350 and 351, the frictional resistance between the fluid as the seal member and the object is small, and the fluid layer The shape changes easily. Therefore, restrictions on the postures of the optical elements 350 and 351 are small, and the positions and postures of the optical elements 350 and 351 can be easily adjusted. From this point, the optical characteristics can be improved.
As described above, according to the exposure apparatus 100 of the present example, the leakage of gas or the like in the space on the optical path of the exposure light is prevented and the optical performance is improved, so that the exposure accuracy can be improved. it can.
In the above example, the seal structure using fluid is used for the optical members disposed at the entrance and exit of the exposure light in the projection optical system PL. However, each casing (for example, Similarly, a sealing structure using a fluid may be used for the optical member disposed at the entrance or the exit of the exposure light in the casings 161 and 162 and FIG. 9). Also in this case, the leakage of gas or the like in the space in each casing is prevented and the optical characteristics are improved.
As described above, the preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to.
For example, the optical member supported by the seal structure using a fluid is not limited to a parallel plate, and various optical members such as a curved lens, a beam splitter, and a dichroic mirror are applicable. In addition, the support structure is not limited to the structure shown in the above-described embodiment, but is appropriately determined according to the installation space of the optical member, the characteristics of the optical member, and the required accuracy.
Moreover, when providing a fluid layer between an optical member and a support part, you may provide a level | step difference in the part which contact | connects the fluid layer in one surface of an optical member. This technique is advantageous in reliably supporting the optical member when the optical surface having the optical effective area is a curved surface.
In addition, as a material of a portion of the support portion that contacts the optical member such as the lens pressing member described above, a resin or metal member that has been subjected to a chemical clean measure is preferably used. In addition, by using a material that does not easily cause thermal distortion, such as Invar material, deformation of the pedestal due to heat generation can be prevented, and generation of distortion in the optical element and disorder of the attitude of the optical element can be suppressed.
Further, in order to exclude the light-absorbing substance from the optical path, it is preferable to take a measure to reduce the amount of degassing from the surface of the structural material in advance. For example, (1) the surface area of the structural material is reduced, (2) the surface of the structural material is polished by a method such as mechanical polishing, electrolytic polishing, val polishing, chemical polishing, or GBB (Glass Beads Blasting). (3) Clean the surface of the structural material by techniques such as ultrasonic cleaning, spraying of fluids such as clean dry air, vacuum heating degassing (baking), etc. (4) removing hydrocarbons and halides There are methods such as not including the electric wire coating material, sealing member (O-ring, etc.), adhesive, etc. as much as possible in the optical path space.
Also, the casing (can be a cylindrical body or the like) that forms the cover of the wafer operation unit from the illumination system chamber, and the piping that supplies the permeable gas are made of materials with low impurity gas (degassing), such as stainless steel and titanium. It is desirable to form with various polymers, such as an alloy, ceramics, tetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-terfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether), or a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropene copolymer.
Further, the space separated by the seal structure using the fluid is not limited to the case where gas is supplied. For example, a liquid (water, fluorine oil, etc.) may be supplied between the projection optical system PL and the wafer W. In this case, the gas in the projection optical system PL leaks between the projection optical system PL and the wafer W, or conversely, the liquid between the projection optical system PL and the wafer W leaks into the projection optical system PL. Can be prevented.
In addition, it is desirable that the cables for supplying power to the drive mechanisms (reticle blinds, stages, etc.) in each housing are similarly covered with the above-described material with less impurity gas (degassing).
It is apparent that the present invention can be applied not only to a scanning exposure type projection exposure apparatus but also to a batch exposure type (stepper type) projection exposure apparatus. The projection optical system provided in these may be not only a catadioptric system but also a refractive system or a reflective system. Furthermore, the magnification of the projection optical system may be not only a reduction magnification but also an equal magnification or enlargement.
In the present invention, when an ArF excimer laser beam (wavelength 193 nm) is used as the energy beam, 2 Laser light (wavelength 146 nm), Ar 2 The present invention can also be applied to vacuum ultraviolet light having a wavelength of about 200 nm to 100 nm, such as laser light (wavelength 126 nm), harmonics such as YAG laser, or semiconductor laser harmonics.
Further, the use of the exposure apparatus is not limited to the exposure apparatus for semiconductor manufacturing, but for example, for manufacturing a liquid crystal exposure apparatus that exposes a liquid crystal display element pattern on a square glass plate and a thin film magnetic head. The present invention can be widely applied to other exposure apparatuses.
When a linear motor is used for the wafer stage or reticle stage, either an air levitation type using air bearings or a magnetic levitation type using Lorentz force or reactance force may be used. The stage may be a type that moves along a guide, or may be a guideless type that does not have a guide.
When a flat motor is used as the stage driving device, one of the magnet unit (permanent magnet) and the armature unit is connected to the stage, and the other of the magnet unit and the armature unit is connected to the moving surface side of the stage ( Base).
Further, the reaction force generated by the movement of the wafer stage may be released mechanically to the floor (ground) using a frame member as described in JP-A-8-166475. The present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus having such a structure.
The reaction force generated by the movement of the reticle stage may be mechanically released to the floor (ground) using a frame member as described in JP-A-8-330224. The present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus having such a structure.
Then, an electronic device such as a semiconductor element is manufactured by subjecting the wafer exposed as described above to a development process, a pattern formation process, a bonding process, packaging, and the like.
As described above, according to the optical device of the present invention, when an optical member is disposed at a boundary between a plurality of spaces, by performing sealing using a fluid layer, leakage of gas or the like through the boundary is performed. Can be prevented, and optical performance can be improved.
In addition, according to the exposure apparatus of the present invention, leakage of gas or the like in the optical apparatus is prevented, and optical performance is improved, so that exposure accuracy can be improved.
Further, according to the device manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a device in which the accuracy of a pattern to be formed is improved by improving the exposure accuracy.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of an optical device.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a seal structure using a fluid.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an optical device.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of surface treatment of an optical member or the like
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the optical device.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another flow stop.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another flow stop.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the optical device.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an exposure apparatus.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a gas supply system.
10, 40, 50 Optical device
11,301 space
13,302,303 space (other space)
14 Optical members
14c, 14d Peripheral surface (peripheral part)
20, 42, 52 Supporting part (opposing member)
28, 44, 54 Member (opposing member)
20a, 28a, 42a, 44a, 52a, 54a
25, 41, 51 Fluid layer (fluid)
61, 71, 81 Groove (concave)
62, 72, 82 Convex
100 exposure equipment
121 Illumination optical system
310, 311 Gas supply mechanism
350,351 optical element
IL energy beam (exposure light)
R reticle (wafer)
In an optical device including a space formed on an optical path of an energy beam and supplied with a predetermined gas,
An optical member disposed at a boundary between the space and another space; and an opposing surface facing the peripheral edge of the optical member, with a gap between the opposing surface and the peripheral edge of the optical member. A counter member to be installed; a fluid provided between a peripheral edge of the optical member and the counter surface; and a flow stopper for holding the fluid in a predetermined position; An optical device comprising:
The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the facing member includes a support member that supports the optical member.
The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a fluorine-based grease.
4. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the flow stop is formed by processing a portion in contact with the fluid with surface characteristics different from those of other portions. 5.
The fluid is stored in a recess formed in one of the optical member and the opposing member,
2. The flow stop is configured by immersing at least a part of a convex portion formed on the other of the optical member and the opposing member in a fluid stored in the concave portion. The optical device according to claim 1.
The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the facing member includes a seat that supports or presses the optical member, and the seat also serves as the flow stopper.
The illumination system that illuminates the mask on which the pattern is formed with an energy beam, and at least one of a projection optical system that transfers the pattern of the mask onto the substrate, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. An exposure apparatus comprising the optical device according to claim 1.
The optical member is an optical element facing the substrate among a plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system,
The space is a space in the projection optical system,
The exposure apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the other space is a space between the optical element and the substrate.
A first gas supply mechanism for supplying a first gas to a space in the projection optical system;
The exposure according to claim 8, further comprising: a second gas supply mechanism that supplies a second gas different from the first gas into a space between the optical element and the substrate. apparatus.
The optical member is an optical element arranged on the mask side among a plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system,
The exposure apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the other space is a space between the optical element and the mask.
11. The exposure according to claim 10, further comprising: a second gas supply mechanism that supplies a second gas different in type from the first gas into a space between the optical element and the mask. apparatus.
A device manufacturing method, comprising: a lithography step of transferring a device pattern formed on a mask onto a substrate using the exposure apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 11.
JP2003207497A 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 Optical device, aligner, and method of manufacturing device Withdrawn JP2005064045A (en)
JP2003207497A JP2005064045A (en) 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 Optical device, aligner, and method of manufacturing device
JP2005064045A true JP2005064045A (en) 2005-03-10
ID=34363951
JP2003207497A Withdrawn JP2005064045A (en) 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 Optical device, aligner, and method of manufacturing device
JP (1) JP2005064045A (en)
NL1032193C2 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-08-08 Topcon Corp Method for improving transmission power of optical component and optical component, the transmission power of which is thereby improved.
JP2007533148A (en) * 2004-04-13 2007-11-15 カール ツァイス エスエムテー アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Optical element unit for exposure process
2003-08-13 JP JP2003207497A patent/JP2005064045A/en not_active Withdrawn
JP2011176346A (en) * 2004-04-13 2011-09-08 Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh Optical element unit for exposure process
JP4881853B2 (en) * 2004-04-13 2012-02-22 カール・ツァイス・エスエムティー・ゲーエムベーハー Optical element unit for exposure process
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