Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6392824?dq=6,455,937
Timestamp: 2015-07-05 14:26:24
Document Index: 660834901

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2']

Patent US6392824 - Soldering process for optical materials to metal mountings, and mounted ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsAn assembly includes a part made of transparent material, in particular, quartz glass or calcium fluoride, and a metal part soldered. The following layer structure is present in the region of a solder joint: a transparent material of the transparent material part, an adhesion layer, a diffusion barrier...http://www.google.com/patents/US6392824?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6392824 - Soldering process for optical materials to metal mountings, and mounted assembliesAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6392824 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/134,227Publication dateMay 21, 2002Filing dateAug 14, 1998Priority dateAug 18, 1997Fee statusLapsedAlso published asDE19735760A1, EP0901992A2, EP0901992A3, EP0901992B1Publication number09134227, 134227, US 6392824 B1, US 6392824B1, US-B1-6392824, US6392824 B1, US6392824B1InventorsHubert Holderer, Johannes Deyhle, Ulrich DietenmeierOriginal AssigneeCarl-Zeiss-StiftungExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (23), Non-Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (11), Classifications (14), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSoldering process for optical materials to metal mountings, and mounted assemblies
US 6392824 B1Abstract
An assembly includes a part made of transparent material, in particular, quartz glass or calcium fluoride, and a metal part soldered. The following layer structure is present in the region of a solder joint: a transparent material of the transparent material part, an adhesion layer, a diffusion barrier layer, a first oxidation protection layer, a second oxidation protection layer, a solder layer, as required, a wetting auxiliary layer, and a metal of the metal part, respectively with transitions between the layers, in particular, in the typical manner for soldering, and possibly with diffusion of the two oxidation protection layers into the solder.
We claim: 1. An assembly for connecting a lens made of CaF2 to a metal mount by soldering, comprising:
a lens made of CaF2 having a connection region only on the periphery of said lens, a metal mount part soldered to said peripheral connection region, comprising: a solder connection having a layer structure comprising CaF2 lens material, comprising: an adhesive layer selected from the group consisting of chromium and aluminum, a diffusion barrier layer made of nickel following said adhesive layer, a first oxidation protective layer following said diffusion barrier layer, a second oxidation protective layer following said first oxidation protective layer, a solder layer of approximately 100 μm thickness following said second oxidation protective layer, selected from the group consisting of a tin alloy and an indium alloy, having a melting temperature below 200� C., a wetting auxiliary layer following said solder layer comprising nickel, said metal mount part comprising steel, with transitions between said layers. 2. The assembly according to claim 1, in which said metal part (2) comprises a mounting.
3. The assembly according to claim 1, in which said second oxidation protection layer (23) comprises gold.
4. The assembly according to claim 1, in which said first oxidation protection layer (13) comprises gold.
5. The assembly according to claim 1, in which said transitions include a soldering transition.
6. The assembly according to claim 5, in which said soldering transition includes diffusion of said first and second oxidation protection layers (13, 23) into said solder layer (22).
7. An assembly for connecting a lens made of CaF2 to a metal mount by soldering, comprising:
a lens having a connection region only on the periphery of said lens, a metal mount part soldered to said peripheral connection region, comprising: a solder connection having a layer structure, comprising: an adhesive layer selected from the group consisting of chromium and aluminum, a diffusion barrier layer made of nickel following said adhesive layer, a first oxidation protective layer following said diffusion barrier layer, a second oxidation protective layer following said first oxidation protective layer, a solder layer of approximately 100 μm thickness following said second oxidation protective layer, selected from the group consisting of a tin alloy and an indium alloy, having a melting temperature below 200� C., a wetting auxiliary layer following said solder layer comprising nickel, said metal mount part comprising steel, with transitions between said layers. 8. The assembly according to claim 7, in which said metal part (2) comprises a mounting.
9. The assembly according to claim 7, in which said second oxidation protection layer (23) comprises gold.
10. The assembly according to claim 7, in which said transitions include a soldering transition.
11. An assembly, for connecting a lens made of CaF2 to a metal mount by soldering, comprising:
a lens having a connection region only on the periphery of said lens, a metal mount part soldered to said peripheral connection region, comprising: a solder connection having a layer structure, comprising: an adhesive layer selected from the group consisting of chromium and aluminum, a diffusion barrier layer made of nickel following said adhesive layer, a first oxidation protective layer following said diffusion barrier layer, a second oxidation protective layer following said first oxidation protective layer, a solder layer of approximately 100 μm thickness following said second oxidation protective layer, selected from the group consisting of a tin alloy and an indium alloy, having a melting temperature below 200� C. 12. The assembly according to claim 11, comprising a wetting auxiliary layer following said solder layer, said metal mount part comprising at least one metal.
13. The assembly according to claim 12, in which said transitions include a soldering transition.
14. The assembly according to claim 13, in which said transitions include a soldering transition.
The invention relates to a process for soldering optical elements to metal mountings and mounting assemblies, and more particularly, to a process for connecting a transparent optical element to metal mounting. The invention also relates to a mounting assembly of transparent optical element and a metal mounting.
The brazing of quartz glass and the like to a nickel-iron alloy, with an intermediate ring of aluminum coated with zinc or zinc and gold or silver, is known from German Laid-Open Patent DE 38 27 318 A. The parts are brazed in a furnace at about 600� C. The patent focuses on the degree of sealing of the joint.
Japanese Laid-Open Patent JP 1/215745 A (Derwent WPI Abstract) describes oven soldering of quartz glass to metal, with a solder of indium, tin, silicon carbide and carbon at temperatures above 100� C. and under pressure. Coatings are not provided. Stresses are diminished by the solder layer. According to Japanese Patent Document JP 58/120578 A (Derwent WPI Abstract), quartz, borosilicate glass or other materials are coated with a film of noble metal, preferably by firing a paste. A metal part is coated with titanium or zirconium and then with silver solder or silver-copper solder. The two parts are brought together and are heated in a vacuum or under protective gas. The hard solder used makes high temperatures necessary. The parts are preferably of complex shapes, and are porous or foam-like. Optical elements are not mentioned.
The object of the invention is to provide a technique by which optical elements can be soldered to mountings. For this purpose, low process temperatures which lie below 200� C. and eventually even below 150� C. must be maintained to protect thin optical layers, as well as the lens material itself, for example, optical glass, quartz glass, calcium fluoride, or other fluorides. Likewise, thermal and other stresses, including compressive stresses during, before and after the soldering process, are to be kept to a minimum since they present a considerable danger to the permanence of the material and to optical functioning. Sufficient strength of the joint must be attained, with a tensile shear strength above about 10 N/mm2.
This object is attained by a process for connection a part of transparent material with a metal part in a connecting region comprising: applying an adhesion layer and a solderable diffusion barrier to the transparent material part in the connecting region, applying a solder layer to the metal part, positioning the transparent material part and the metal part on each other, and bringing the transparent material part and the metal part in common to the melting temperature of the solder layer. The object is also attained through the use of an assembly, at comprising: a part made of transparent material, a metal part soldered thereto, a solder connection having a layer structure comprising: transparent material of the transparent material part, an adhesion layer, a diffusion barrier layer, a first oxidation protection layer, a second oxidation protection layer, a solder layer, and metal of the metal part, with transitions between the layers.
Soldering with a common temperature supply to all parts keeps thermal stresses minimal. This is supported by the use of low-melting solder.
The first coatings of both parts insure good strength; the respective antioxidation layers make possible simple manipulation, with the elimination of fluxes which represent a considerable risk in particular to the optical surfaces of lenses.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
FIG. 1 shows a lens and mounting, with layers according to the invention, in an oven, and is wholly schematic.
The part 1 of transparent material is a lens in the example shown, especially a high precision UV lens of quartz glass or calcium fluoride, as a part of a projection exposure apparatus for microlithography. Such a system is extremely sensitive to disturbances such as shape changes or strain double refraction of individual lenses. In particular, because of its crystal structure, calcium fluoride material is susceptible to fractures due to temperature differences in the workpiece. High-grade antireflection layers on the lens (not shown here) likewise should not be thermally stressed, in order to prevent changes.
The mounting 2 is suited to these requirements. The lens 1 is provided in a thin-film apparatus with an adhesion layer 11, a solderable diffusion barrier layer 12, and a first oxidation protection layer 13. This coating takes place in vacuum coating equipment with a mask that reliably covers the optically used surfaces of the lens 1. Sputtering has been found to be a particularly suitable thin film technique, since layers that adhere well are produced at low temperatures.
The part 2, which acts as a mounting is provided beforehand with solder 22. In order to be able to connect a low-melting solder with a metal part 2 of stainless steel, a layer 21 that assists wetting is first applied to the metal part 2.
The solder layer 22 that follows is preferably coated with an oxidation protection layer 23. The coated part 2 can then be handled and heated without impairing the solder.
Since the solder layer has a thickness of about 100 μm, thin film techniques such as sputtering are not practicable for its production. All three layers 21-23 are therefore preferably applied electrochemically. The same coating technology for all three layers has the big advantage that the layers can be applied directly one after the other, without much handling expense, and without storage time in which oxidation would occur.
The coated lens 1 and the coated mounting 2 are positioned on each other, for which adjusting and holding devices are used as required, and are introduced into an oven 3. The interior 4 is flooded preferably with nitrogen or another inert gas. The oven 3 is heated by means of (electrical) heating bars 31 until the melting temperature of the solder 22 is reached. The solder 22 then forms alloys with the two oxidation protection layers 13, 23 and predominantly with the diffusion barrier layer 12, and wets the surface of the transparent part 1 (the lens) in the joint or connection region on a substantial area.
As an example, Table 1 gives preferred layer materials and layer thicknesses.
#1 oxidation protection layer
#2 oxidation protection layer
Wetting auxiliary layer
The melting temperature is 183� C. in this case. The heating takes place in 15 min, and the cooling to room temperature in 30 min. The tensile shear strength of the joint attains 15 MPa.
The same layers are suitable for quartz glass as the transparent part, and likewise for pure aluminum and for titanium as the materials of the mounting. Brass or copper as materials of the mounting require no wetting auxiliary layer 21.
Quartz glass instead of calcium fluoride withstands even greater thermal stresses, so that the heating can also take place in this case without an oven: for example, inductively, by a heating plate, by an infrared radiator, and so on.
Other alloys with low melting temperatures are also candidates as solders; for example, 52% iridium and 48% tin with a melting temperature of 118� C., and 80% iridium, 15% lead and 5% silver with a melting temperature of 149� C.
All known passivating layers are candidates as the oxidation protection layers 13, 23 for the solder or for the diffusion barrier layer.
The layer thicknesses can of course be varied. In particular, the thickness of the solder layer 22 can be adjusted to the tolerance of the connection surfaces of the transparent part 1 and of the metal part 2.
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Metals Handbook Ninth Edition; vol. 6 Welding Brazing and Soldering. p. 1073-1074.** Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6744574 *Sep 20, 2002Jun 1, 2004Carl Zeiss Semiconductor Manufacturing Technologies AgMount for an optical element in an optical imaging deviceUS7545481 *Nov 24, 2003Jun 9, 2009Asml Netherlands B.V.Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing methodUS7551375 *Mar 21, 2006Jun 23, 2009Carl Zeiss Smt AgProcess for connecting an optical element of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus to a mount, and assemblyUS7816022 *Feb 9, 2009Oct 19, 2010Carl Zeiss Smt AgComposite structure for microlithography and optical arrangementUS7926695Jun 23, 2008Apr 19, 2011Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.Method for the permanent connection of two components by means of glass or metal solderUS8181844Feb 24, 2011May 22, 2012Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V.Method for the permanent connection of two components by means of glass or metal solderUS8472006May 8, 2009Jun 25, 2013Asml Netherlands B.V.Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing methodUS8705006 *Mar 13, 2009Apr 22, 2014Carl Zeiss Smt GmbhMethod and device for connecting an optical element to a frameUS8854602 *Nov 22, 2004Oct 7, 2014Asml Netherlands B.V.Holding device for an optical element in an objectiveDE10317616A1 *Apr 11, 2003Oct 21, 2004Carl Zeiss Jena GmbhAdjustment and mounting arrangement for optical elements used in optical imagers for image projection systemsWO2009000256A1 *Jun 23, 2008Dec 31, 2008Fraunhofer Ges ForschungMethod for the permanent connection of two components by means of glass or metal solder* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification359/819, 359/830International ClassificationC23C14/18, C25D1/00, G02B7/02, C03C29/00, G02B7/00, C03C27/04Cooperative ClassificationC23C14/185, C03C27/046, C25D1/00European ClassificationC25D1/00, C23C14/18B, C03C27/04B4Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionAug 14, 1998ASAssignmentOwner name: CARL-ZEISS-STIFTUNG, GERMANYFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HOLDERER, HUBERT;DEYHLE, JOHANNES;DIETENMEIER, ULRICH;REEL/FRAME:009397/0525;SIGNING DATES FROM 19980721 TO 19980803Jan 11, 2005ASAssignmentOwner name: CARL ZEISS SMT AG, GERMANYFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CARL-ZEISS-STIFTUNG;REEL/FRAME:015571/0785Effective date: 20040630Owner name: CARL ZEISS SMT AG CARL-ZEISS-STRASSEOBERKOCHEN 734Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CARL-ZEISS-STIFTUNG /AR;REEL/FRAME:015571/0785Owner name: CARL ZEISS SMT AG CARL-ZEISS-STRASSEOBERKOCHEN 734Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CARL-ZEISS-STIFTUNG /AR;REEL/FRAME:015571/0785Effective date: 20040630Nov 17, 2005FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Dec 28, 2009REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedMay 21, 2010LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesJul 13, 2010FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20100521RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services