Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/245/2451184.html
Timestamp: 2019-10-22 05:07:16
Document Index: 269426543

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 4', 'art 4', 'art 5', 'art 4', 'art 5', 'art 4']

Ventilation method of railway tunnels for movement of diesel-powered vehicles through them
SUBSTANCE: method involves fresh air supply through shafts into tunnel and contaminated air removal through other shafts from tunnel using forced ventilation. Cross section of each shaft is separated into two parts having independent connection to the tunnel in which a gate is installed between such connections. Tunnel is closed by means of the above gate when there are no trains moving in it. Air flow via tunnel is arranged at the interval between train movement in directions allowing to reduce the time required for removal of contaminated air from the tunnel. At that, selection of air flow direction is determined considering the length of sections filled with fresh air supplied to the tunnel as a result of suction effect action. Amount of fresh air supplied to each section filled with contaminated air is determined by the formula.
EFFECT: reduction of forced ventilation volumes at fixed time interval between trains, reduction of time required for tunnel cleaning from contaminants after every train passes through tunnel, and increase in tunnel capacity.
The invention relates to the field of ventilation railway tunnels, which are vehicles that use diesel-powered.
The known method of regulating thermal regime of railway tunnels (ed. mon. SU # 1090886, publ. 07.05.1984), in which the flow of heated outside air into the tunnel carried out periodically in periods of absence of a train in the tunnel and stop at the time of its movement through the tunnel, and the air flow is in the direction opposite to the movement of the train.
The disadvantages of this method are complex mode of organization of ventilation, leading to the need for periodic on and off fans, which negatively affects their health, as well as high energy costs of moving the required amount of air in the direction opposite to the movement of the train.
The known method of regulating thermal regime of railway tunnels in the winter (ed. mon. SU # 1627723, publ. 15.02.1991), including the admission of outside air into the tunnel under the action of a natural draught, heating it to a positive temperature due to mixing with the tunnel air, pre-selected from a cross section of the tunnel with a positive temperature sent to the portal with the incoming ventilation air and the output of the outgoing jet out through the opposite portal.
The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of reducing the concentration of pollutants in the air to standard values in the case of vehicles with diesel-powered.
A known method of ventilation railway tunnels (see Makovsky L.V. Urban underground transport facilities, M: "Stroyizdat", 1979, s-436), providing fresh air and removal of contaminated air around the section of tunnel ventilation installations, we have portals or along the tunnel.
The disadvantage of this method of ventilation railway tunnels associated with the maximum possible length of the ventilated part of the tunnel up to 1 km
A known method of ventilation transport railway tunnels along the transverse scheme (see Kirin B.F., Ushakov short circuit Mine and industrial aerology, M.: "Nedra", 1983, s-234). This method of ventilation provides accommodation in the cross-section of the tunnel two parallel ducts, one of which is used to supply fresh air and the other to remove contaminated.
The disadvantage of this method of ventilation railway tunnels is the occurrence of recirculation of air movement between the tunnel where the train travels, and ventilation ducts. This prevents the post is initiated in the tunnel fresh air and leads to stiffness in the vents to air pollution and, which dramatically increases the curing time of the tunnel after the train's exit from the tunnel.
A known method of ventilation transport railway tunnels (see Kirin B.F., Ushakov short circuit Mine and industrial aerology, M.: "Nedra", 1983, s-234). With this method of ventilation of fresh air in the tunnel is the tunnel that is traversed parallel to the axis of the tunnel, and removal of contaminated air through the portals of the tunnel.
The disadvantages of this method of ventilation are as follows:
1. The inability to supply large quantities of air through the tunnel due to its relatively small cross-section (generally not more than 20 m2);
2. The occurrence of recirculation of air movement between the tunnel and the tunnel, then the tunnel is filled with polluted air. Furthermore, the reduced efficiency for ventilation piston effect of the trains.
A known method of ventilation transport railway tunnels (see Grishaev VI Ventilation tunnels on the Railways. "Transgenderist", 1961. p.29-30), providing fresh air into the tunnel through an orifice located near the portal, with the simultaneous overlap of the portal gate.
The disadvantages of this method of ventilation is:
Nevozmojnosti feed into the tunnel of significant quantities of air, that limits the scope of its application by the lengths of the tunnels of 2.5-3 km At greater length tunnel using this method will lead to increased energy costs for ventilation;
2. Neglect in the organization ventilation piston effect of vehicles leading to the entrance to the tunnel fresh air.
A known method of ventilation railway tunnels on diesel traction (see Poles AH the Design of ventilation of tunnels, M.: "Stroyizdat", 1971, p.7-9)adopted for the prototype, which consists in applying to the tunnel through one of the trunks and / or the portals of fresh air and removal from the tunnel air pollution released during the movement of trains gaseous substances through other trunks and / or portals.
The disadvantages of this method of ventilation are:
1. Neglect in the organization ventilation piston effect of vehicles leading to the entrance to the tunnel fresh air;
2. Neglect the influence on the air in the tunnels of natural factors: (gravity, pressure and wind pressure).
The above defines a significant time tunnel ventilation necessary to clean it from the energy produced by the movement of the train of pollutants and, consequently, increase the intervals lying is neither between trains, leading to a decrease in throughput of the tunnel.
The technical result of the proposed method of ventilation railway tunnels on diesel traction is to reduce cleaning time tunnel from contaminants after the passage of each train and enhance the capacity of the tunnel.
The technical result is achieved in that in the method of ventilation railway tunnels diesel, including flow in the tunnel through one of the trunks and / or the portals of fresh air and removal of the tunnel contaminated when the train moves air through the other trunks and / or portals with the use of forced ventilation, the cross section of each shaft is divided into two parts, with a separate pair with the tunnel, in which between such pairings set the shutter, which block the tunnel during periods of lack of trains, and the distance from the bolt to mate shafts to the tunnel is equal to not more than 10 m first set the time interval between trains, then after exiting the tunnel each train determines the span lengths of the tunnel filled with polluted air, after which fresh air through the tunnel in the areas of portals or his mates with trunks adjacent to areas with polluted air is given the span lengths, filled with fresh air introduced into the tunnel by the action of the piston effect, and the amount of fresh air supplied to each parcel, filled with polluted air, determined by the ratio of:
where L. - the length of the section filled with polluted air, m; S is the cross section of the tunnel, m2; τ - the time interval between trains, with,
Figure 1. presents one of the possible schemes of ventilation implementing the proposed method of ventilation railway tunnels diesel.
The scheme of ventilation includes railway tunnel 1, train 2, a barrel 3, is divided into two parts 4, 5, ventilation tunnels 6 and 7, the Plenum 8 and 9 with the fans 10 and 11, the vent shutter 12.
Method of ventilation is implemented as follows.
While passing through the railway tunnel 1 rolling stock diesel 2 from the Eastern portal to the Western portal of the length of the tunnel are formed area filled with polluted air (I and II), the concentration of harmful substances exceed the standard value. Due to the fact that during the movement of trains caused by the piston effect in the tunnel fresh air reaches, areas adjacent to the portals and the mates of the barrel 3 with the tunnel in the direction of travel of the train from St the Rhone-facing portal (III, IV)free from polluted air.
After exit train out of the tunnel and the damping piston effect, which is two to three duration of the movement of trains through the tunnel, the fan 10 is installed in the ventilation chamber 8, delivers air from the surface through part 4 of the barrel 3 in the ventilation tunnel 6 and further to the portal through which the train 2 came out of the tunnel 1. The fan 11 is mounted in the vent chamber 9, through the ventilation tunnel 7 and part 5 of the barrel 3 removes contaminated air from the tunnel adjacent to the pair of ventilation tunnel 7 tunnel 1 side of the portal through which the train 2 entered the tunnel 1. To eliminate aerodynamic discharge connection 10 and the inlet 11 of the fans, in the area between mates ventilation tunnels 6 and 7 with tunnel 1 vent shutter 12 is brought into closed position. The distance from mates ventilation tunnels with tunnel to the cross section where the shutter, to prevent the formation of stagnant zones take up to 10 meters
The influence of a piston effect leads to the formation of the tunnel 1 sections III and IV, free from pollution and has a length, respectively, L1 and L2.
Knowing that the train moves through the tunnel at an average speed of V.., you can determine the time, heart and soul is mine to pass tunnel:
τ=L/V..
Duration piston effect at site 1 τ.1 then. and at site 2 τ.2. can be defined as follows:
τ.1.=1,8τ
τ.2.=0,9τ
Knowing the duration of a piston effect τ.1 then., τ.2. and the amount of air Q.1 and Q.2 coming due to the reciprocating action at sites 1 and 2, as well as the cross-section of the tunnel's define the area free from polluted air:
L1=Q.1τ.1./St
L2=Q.2τ.1./St
The length of the zones filled with polluted air I and II, is when the length of the tunnel L and the arrangement of the barrel 2 in the Central part of the tunnel:
Zone I L..I=0,5L-L1-10
Zone II L..II=0,5L-L2-10
When the interval between trains, comprising τ, and the cross section of the tunnel St, the amount of air Q1, which should be submitted to the tunnel through part 4 of the barrel 2 will be:
Q1=L..II St/τ=(0,5L-L2-10)S/τ
The amount of air that must be removed from the tunnel through part 5 of the barrel 2, is equal to:
Q2=L..I St/τ=(0,5L-L1-10)st/τ
For example, if the length of the tunnel 4000 m, the interval between trains 1200 sec., average speed of the train through the tunnel 60 km/h, the cross section of the tunnel 50 m2, span lengths, free from C the contaminated air L1=950 m and L2=400 m, the amount of air that must be submitted to the tunnel Q1 and remove from the tunnel Q2 will be equal to 66 m3/43 m3/C. the Total amount of air entering the tunnel through the barrel and the portal will be equal to 109 m3/s Without regard to the span lengths, free from polluted air, and a supply of fresh air through the barrel into the tunnel or through the portals in the trunk of his total number amounts to 167 m3/s
After passing through the tunnel by train from the West portal to the East (opposite compared to that shown in figure 1) fan 10 mounted in the vent chamber 8 will work on skin, remove contaminated air from the tunnel, through the ventilation tunnel 6 and part 4 of the barrel 2 into the atmosphere. In turn, the fan 11 is mounted in the vent chamber 9 must be submitted to the tunnel 2 through the ventilation tunnel 7 fresh air, which will move towards the portal, from which came the train.
The application of the proposed method of ventilation provides the following benefits:
- the decline of forced ventilation at a fixed time interval between trains;
- reducing the time normalization air tunnel;
is the increase in vehicular traffic;
- reduced power usage is imago ventilation equipment.
Method of ventilation of railway tunnels, which are vehicles that use diesel-powered vehicle, comprising feeding into the tunnel through one of the trunks and / or the portals of fresh air and removal of the tunnel contaminated when the train moves air through the other trunks and / or portals using forced ventilation, characterized in that the cross section of each shaft is divided into two parts, with a separate pair with the tunnel, in which between such pairings set the shutter, which block the tunnel during periods of lack of trains, and the distance from the bolt to mate shafts to the tunnel is equal to not more than 10 m will first set the time interval between trains, then after exiting the tunnel each train determines the span lengths of the tunnel filled with polluted air, after which fresh air through the tunnel in the areas of portals or his mates with trunks adjacent to areas with polluted air, considering the vast areas filled with fresh air introduced into the tunnel by the action of the piston effect, and the amount of fresh air supplied to each parcel, filled with polluted air, determined by the ratio
where LUCS- the length of the section filled with polluted air, m;
Stthe cross section of the tunnel, m2; τonline- the time interval between trains, S.
Method to implement transportation processes in underground mining works // 2450125
SUBSTANCE: in a computerised control unit all transportation routes are registered available in an underground network of mine tunnels, including their status data affecting efficiency of transportation, and also transport means and transport reservoirs moving along transportation routes with related efficiency date and appropriate underground and aboveground locations, and also with their appropriate schedules, and at the same time the control unit for transportation processes to be performed with account of weight and dimensions subject to cargo transportation automatically generates a travel route and a schedule for the selected vehicle related with the appropriate working situation identified from the registered data, and sets up running schedules for automated unmanned vehicles or sends to service personnel of a communication facility of the selected vehicle.
EFFECT: optimisation of underground and aboveground transportation processes and higher reliability of supporting underground usage and consumption areas.
Method of vertical mine backfilling // 2449129
SUBSTANCE: method includes layer filling of a mine with a backfilling material. The backfilling layer in the form of a cylindrical concrete block is previously made on the surface in an autoclave chamber. Concrete blocks are made with a cylindrical groove, at the same time the upper and lower surfaces are arranged as truncated. Installation of cylindrical concrete blocks in the shaft is carried out onto a hydraulic insulation putty. A gap between mine walls and blocks is solidified with a shrinkage-free water-resistant hardening concrete mix.
EFFECT: development of a water-resistant and shrinkage-free backfilling massif in a vertical mine to the moment of its backfilling completion.
Ejector for airing via well // 2449128
SUBSTANCE: ejector comprises a diffuser, two serially installed receiving heads with receivers connected by a hollow cylinder, with two outlet slots and gaskets each having holes. At the same time the main outlet head is equipped with a confusor receiving nozzle. The last flange of the second receiving head may be an anti-deformation flange.
EFFECT: provision of ejector operation for high aerodynamic resistance.
Chute for gravity pipeline transport // 2446285
SUBSTANCE: chute includes two sides, longitudinal stiffness flange and a bottom. One of the sides is located below the other one as to height. Opposite side has the height which is larger than lifting level of the transported hydraulic mixture. Longitudinal stiffness flange of the shortened side is made in the form of inclined chute.
EFFECT: possibility of controlling the overflow when the chute is overfilled.
SUBSTANCE: stowing mix, containing crushed granulated blast-furnace slag, an inert filler, water and ground limestone, includes the specified acid slag of III grade, containing particles of less than 3 mcm - at least 13%, the specified limestone, containing particles of less than 3 mcm - 45%, the inert filler is represented by rock refuse from wet magnetic separation of ferruginous quartzites and additionally - a superplasticiser SP-1, at the following ratio of components, wt %: specified slag - 12; specified filler - 60; specified limestone - 10; superplasticiser SP-1 - 0.5 of slag content; water - balance.
EFFECT: reduced consumption of binders, higher strength of massif at the age of 28 days, wastes recycling, reduced contamination of environment.
Gaseous methane production and transportation method and device // 2445451
SUBSTANCE: gas production and transportation method involves the following operations: (a) gas pumping from production well to one or more underground condenser and gas storage in the above condenser; (b) gas pumping from underground condenser to the tank which can contain at least 300 mcf of gaseous methane under pressure of at least 3000 psi, during half and hour or less; and (c) gas transportation by means of a tanker to the second underground condenser, to pipeline, to end user, to gas processing plant or to power plant. Gas production and transportation system containing the first underground gas storage condenser, devices for gas transportation from production well to the first underground capacitor and tanker for gas transportation to the second underground condenser and to end user is described as well.
EFFECT: reducing environmental hazard of produced gas during its transportation to the user.