Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US20030174603?dq=%22Meaning-based+advertising+and+document+relevance+determination%22
Timestamp: 2016-07-23 11:08:40
Document Index: 110369972

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 34', 'art 37', 'art 33', 'art 35', 'art 36', 'art 33', 'art 36', 'art 35', 'art 38']

Patent US20030174603 - Record carrier and apparatus for scanning the record carrier - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA record carrier (1) is described which has a servo track (4) indicating an information track (9) intended for recording information blocks represented by marks. The servo track (4) has a periodic variation of a physical parameter at a predetermined frequency and modulated parts for encoding position...http://www.google.com/patents/US20030174603?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20030174603 - Record carrier and apparatus for scanning the record carrierAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS20030174603 A1Publication typeApplicationApplication numberUS 10/276,197PCT numberPCT/IB2002/000743Publication dateSep 18, 2003Filing dateMar 14, 2002Priority dateMar 16, 2001Also published asCN1276428C, CN1459109A, DE60228426D1, EP1374238A1, EP1374238B1, US7046596, WO2002075736A1Publication number10276197, 276197, PCT/2002/743, PCT/IB/2/000743, PCT/IB/2/00743, PCT/IB/2002/000743, PCT/IB/2002/00743, PCT/IB2/000743, PCT/IB2/00743, PCT/IB2000743, PCT/IB2002/000743, PCT/IB2002/00743, PCT/IB2002000743, PCT/IB200200743, PCT/IB200743, US 2003/0174603 A1, US 2003/174603 A1, US 20030174603 A1, US 20030174603A1, US 2003174603 A1, US 2003174603A1, US-A1-20030174603, US-A1-2003174603, US2003/0174603A1, US2003/174603A1, US20030174603 A1, US20030174603A1, US2003174603 A1, US2003174603A1InventorsCornelis Schep, Aalbert Stek, Hendrik Van HoutenOriginal AssigneeSchep Cornelis Marinus, Aalbert Stek, Hendrik Van HoutenExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (4), Referenced by (27), Classifications (24), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetRecord carrier and apparatus for scanning the record carrier
[0021] [0021]FIG. 1a shows a disc-shaped record carrier 1 provided with a track 9 intended for recording and a central hole 10. The track 9 is arranged in accordance with a spiral pattern of windings 3. FIG. 1b is a cross-section taken on the line b-b of the record carrier 1, in which a transparent substrate 5 is provided with a recording layer 6 and a protective layer 7. The recording layer 6 may be optically writable, for example via phase change, or magneto-optically writable by a device for writing information such as the known CD-Rewritable or CD-Recordable. The recording layer may also be provided with information via a production process, in which first a master disc is made which is subsequently multiplied through pressing. The information is organized in information blocks and is represented by optically readable marks in the form of a succession of areas reflecting much radiation and little radiation such as, for example a succession of pits of different lengths in a CD. In one embodiment, the track 9 on the record carrier of a rewritable type is indicated by a servopattern which is provided during manufacture of the blank record carrier. The servopattern is formed, for example by a pregroove 4 which enables a write head to follow the track 9 during scanning. The pregroove 4 may be implemented as a deeper or a raised part, or as a material property deviating from its ambience. Alternatively, the servopattern may consist of an alternation of elevated and deeper windings, referred to as land and groove patterns, with a transition from land to groove or vice versa taking place per winding. FIGS. 1c and 1 d show two examples of a periodical variation of a physical parameter of the pregroove, called wobble. FIG. 1c shows variation of the lateral position, and FIG. 1d shows variation of the width. This wobble produces a wobble signal in a tracking servosensor. The wobble is, for example, frequency- modulated, and position information such as an address, a time code or winding information is coded in the modulation. A description of a rewritable CD system which is provided with position information in such a way can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,901,300 (PHN 12.398). A servopattern may also consist of, for example, regularly distributed sub-patterns which periodically cause tracking signals. Further the servopattern may include modifications of the land area beside the pregroove, e.g. an undulating pregroove having land pre-pits in a specific pattern for encoding position information like in DVD-RW. [0022] The variation of the servo track includes relatively large parts of monotone wobble, so called non modulated parts. Further the servo track has relatively short parts where the frequency and/or phase of the wobble deviates from the predetermined wobble frequency, called modulated parts. In this document any servopattern of a periodic nature in combination with any additional elements encoding information is referred to as a servo track having a periodic variation of a physical parameter at a predetermined frequency, or wobble, that has modulated parts. [0023] [0023]FIG. 2 shows bi-phase wobble modulation. An upper trace shows the wobble modulation for a word sync pattern, a second and third trace show the wobble modulations for data bits of the address, the total modulation being called Address In Pregroove (ADIP). Predetermined phase patterns are used for indicating a synchronizing symbol (ADIP bit sync) and a synchronization of the full address word (ADIP word sync), and for the respective data bits (ADIP Data=‘0’, and ADIP data=‘1’). The ADIP bit sync is indicated by a single inverted wobble (wobble #0). The ADIP word sync is indicated by three inverted wobbles directly following the ADIP bit sync, whereas data bits have non-inverted wobbles in this area (wobble #1 to 3). An ADIP Data area comprises a number of wobble periods assigned to represent one data bit, in the Figure the wobble periods numbered 4 up to 7 (=wobble #4 to 7). The wobble phase in first halve of the ADIP Data area is inverse to the wobble phase in the second halve of the area. As such each bit is represented by two sub-areas having different phases of the wobble, i.e. called bi-phase. Data bits are modulated as follows: ADIP Data=‘0’ is represented by 2 non-inverted wobbles followed by two inverted wobbles, and ADIP data=‘1’ vice versa. In this embodiment the modulation for data bits is fully symmetrical, giving equal error probability for both data bit values. However other combinations of wobbles and inverted wobbles, or other phase values may be used. In an embodiment a predetermined modulation is used after a ADIP Word Sync, indicating ‘empty’, instead of a data bit. Monotone wobbles may be used after the first data bit, or further data bits may be encoded thereafter. Preferably a large majority of the wobbles is not modulated (i.e. has the nominal phase) for ensuring an easy lock and a stable output of a PLL in a detector; in this embodiment the 8 possibly modulated wobbles are followed by 85 not modulated (i.e. monotone) wobbles (wobble #8 to 92). The output frequency of the PLL has to be as stable as possible, because during writing the write clock is derived from the PLL output. [0024] [0024]FIG. 3 shows MSK wobble modulation. The Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) modulation uses a first pattern 31 for transferring a first bit value and a second pattern 32 for transferring a second bit value. Further combinations of the patterns 31,32 may be used to transfer synchronisation information. Each MSK pattern has a central part of at least one full wobble period, in the first pattern the central part 34 in non-inverted, while in the second pattern the central part 37 is inverted. Each MSK pattern further has a starting part and an ending part. The left MSK pattern has a starting part 33 and an ending part 35 just being a single wobble period. The right MSK pattern has a starting part 36, which inverts the phase by having a frequency of 1.5 times the wobble frequency, i.e. by having 3 halve sine periods within one wobble frequency period. The ending part is similar to re-invert the phase to the non-inverted state. Detection of MSK data bits is primarily based on the detection of the central part, because both central parts exhibit the maximum difference between the two patterns. In addition the difference of the not modulated starting part 33 and modulated starting part 36, and the not modulated ending part 35 and modulated ending part 38 can be exploited for detection, the total length of these differences is estimated to have 50% of effective strength of detection when compared to the central part. The MSK encoding can be used to encode address bits in a pregroove wobble, but the pregroove wobble needs to be not modulated for the majority of wobble periods. The large majority of not modulated wobbles is needed for reliably controlling the rotation speed of the disc and/or the write clock of the recording process. [0025] [0025]FIG. 4 shows an isolated bit sync modulation scheme based on the MSK wobble modulation. In each cell of the matrix shown a zero indicates a not modulated wobble, a one indicates a starting part of 1,5 wobble to invert the phase, a two indicates an inverted wobble, and a three indicates an ending part of 1,5 wobble to re-invert the phase to the normal state, as described above with reference to FIG. 3. In each row of the matrix 56 consecutive wobbles are indicated (columns 37-54 all being zero), and each row starts with a bit sync element in columns 0,1,2. A total ADIP address word comprises 83 rows, and the rows are numbered according to their ADIP bit number. The ADIP bits numbered 0,2,4,6 and 8,13,18, etc are isolated bit syncs (40,41). In ADIP bit 1 there is a first word sync element called sync0, and in ADIP bits 3,5,7 there are three further word sync elements sync1, sync2 and sync3. All word sync elements have a different configuration for maximum reliability of detection. Starting at ADIP bit 8 there is a repetitive pattern of 5 rows consisting of one isolated bit sync followed by 4 data bits; the values of the data bit elements in the Figure being arbitrary examples. Hence in total 13�4=52 data bits are available in the ADIP address word. It is to be noted that a same predetermined type of modulation is used for the isolated bit sync and the data bit elements. Hence the danger of confusing bit sync elements with data bit elements is present. The same type of modulation includes minor differences in the specific modulation used for the bit sync and data bit elements, e.g. PSK (phase shift keying) for the bit sync and MSK (as described above with reference to FIG. 3) for data bit elements, because also in such case there is a risk of confusing. [0026] [0026]FIG. 5 shows a reading device for scanning a record carrier 1. Writing and reading of information on optical discs and formatting, error correcting and channel coding rules, are well-known in the art, e.g. from the CD system. The apparatus of FIG. 5 is arranged for reading the record carrier 1, which record carrier is identical to the record carriers shown in FIG. 1. The device is provided with a read head 52 for scanning the track on the record carrier and read control means comprising drive unit 55 for rotating the record carrier 1, a read circuit 53 for example comprising a channel decoder and an error corrector, tracking unit 51 and a system control unit 56. The read head comprises optical elements of the usual type for generating a radiation spot 66 focused on a track of the recording layer of the record carrier via a radiation beam 65 guided through optical elements. The radiation beam 65 is generated by a radiation source, e.g. a laser diode. The read head further comprises a focusing actuator for focusing the radiation beam 65 on the recording layer and a tracking actuator 59 for fine positioning of the spot 66 in radial direction on the center of the track. The apparatus has a positioning unit 54 for coarsely positioning the read head 52 in the radial direction on the track. The tracking actuator 59 may comprise coils for radially moving an optical element or may be arranged for changing the angle of a reflecting element on a movable part of the read head or on a part on a fixed position in the case part of the optical system is mounted on a fixed position. The radiation reflected by the recording layer is detected by a detector of a usual type, e.g. a four-quadrant diode, for generating a detector signals 57 including a read signal, a tracking error and a focusing error signal. The tracking unit 51 is coupled to the read head for receiving the tracking error signal from the read head and controlling the tracking actuator 59. During reading, the read signal is converted into output information, indicated by arrow 64, in the read circuit 53. The apparatus is provided with a demodulator 50 for detecting and the retrieving address information from the wobble signal included in the detector signals 57 when scanning the servo track of the record carrier. The device is further provided with a system control unit 56 for receiving commands from a controlling computer system or from a user and for controlling the apparatus via control lines 58, e.g. a system bus connected to the drive unit 55, the positioning unit 54, the demodulator 50, the tracking unit 51 and the read circuit 53. To this end, the system control unit comprises control circuitry, for example a microprocessor, a program memory and control gates, for performing the procedures described below. The system control unit 56 may also be implemented as a state machine in logic circuits. The read device is arranged for reading a disc having tracks having a periodic variation, e.g. a continuous wobble. The read control unit are arranged for detecting the periodic variations and for reading in dependence thereon a predetermined amount data from the track. In particular the demodulator 50 is arranged for reading position information from the modulated signal derived from the modulated wobble. The demodulator 50 has a detection unit for detecting modulated wobbles starting at the bit sync elements in the wobble signal which arrive after a long sequence of non modulated wobbles. The demodulator further has a word detection unit for retrieving the words of address information based on the word sync elements. The beginning of such a word is detected from a word synchronisation signal after the bit sync element. The value of a data bit is detected based on the data bit elements encoded by modulated wobbles. Further the device has a synchronisation unit 67 for detecting the isolated bit sync elements. In the modulation scheme described above with reference to FIG. 4 a number of isolated bit syncs are included, and the synchronisation unit 67 detects the presence by detecting the absence of data bit elements following a bit sync element. By using the detected isolated bit syncs and under control of the system control unit 56 an erroneous state is detected in which the demodulator 50 is erroneously locked to data bits instead of bit syncs. [0027] [0027]FIG. 6 shows a device for writing information on a record carrier according to the invention of a type which is (re)writable in, for example a magneto-optical or optical manner (via phase change or dye) by means of a beam 65 of electromagnetic radiation. The device is also equipped for reading and comprises the same elements as the apparatus for reading described above with FIG. 5, except that it has a write/read head 62 and recording control means which comprise the same elements as the read control means, except for a write circuit 60 that comprises for example a formatter, an error encoder and a channel encoder. The write/read head 62 has the same function as the read head 52 together with a write function and is coupled to the write circuit 60. The information presented to the input of the write circuit 60 (indicated by the arrow 63) is distributed over logical and physical sectors according to formatting and encoding rules and converted into a write signal 61 for the write/read head 62. The system control unit 56 is arranged for controlling the write circuit 60 and for performing the position information recovery and positioning procedure as described above for the reading apparatus. During the writing operation, marks representing the information are formed on the record carrier. The recording control means are arranged for detecting the periodic variations, for example by locking a phase locked loop to the periodicity thereof. The demodulator 50 and the synchronisation unit 67 are described above with reference to FIG. 5. [0028] In an embodiment of position codes different from the scheme described with reference to FIG. 4 the addressing may comprise a suitable set of address symbols of at least 16 different symbols with Hamming distances equal to at least 4. Then the address symbols need a length of 10 wobble periods. A Hamming distance 4 between address symbols allows good distinction between different words. The number of address symbols is selected as follows: for sufficient addressing it is proposed to use 48 address bits, encoded in 12 address symbols, each containing 1 nibble of 4 bits. Preferably isolated bit syncs that are not followed by an address symbol are included in the address word. The advantage is that locking to the bit sync is improved, because a lower number of false bit syncs will be detected. When detecting the bit sync next to the modulated address data bits the detector might confuse an address bit with the bit sync. An isolated bit sync cannot be confused, because only non modulated wobbles are surrounding the isolated bit sync. [0029] A practical selection is to have 1 out of 4 bit syncs is followed by an address symbol, and by having one bit sync followed by a word sync the total length is 49 bit syncs (as described above). [0030] [0030]FIG. 7 shows a content of an address word including isolated bit syncs according to the above embodiment. The address word is 60 address bits, i.e. 15 address symbols, each containing 1 nibble constituted by 4 data bit elements. Now more bits are available for data and/or ECC (error correction code), and a maximum number of bits is available for nibble-based ECC. To keep the total address word length limited to the length of 49 bit syncs now 1 of 3 bit syncs is followed by an address symbol, the remaining bit syncs are not followed by data values and hence are isolated bit syncs. [0031] Although the invention has been explained by embodiments using a wobble modulation, any other suitable parameter of the track may be modulated, e.g. the track width. Also for the record carrier an optical disc has been described, but other media, such as a magnetic disc or tape, may be used. It is noted, that in this document the word ‘comprising’ does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those listed and the word ‘a’ or ‘an’ preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements, that any reference signs do not limit the scope of the claims, that the invention may be implemented by means of both hardware and software, and that several ‘means’ may be represented by the same item of hardware. Further, the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and the invention lies in each and every novel feature or combination of features described above. 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recording medium, disc-state recording medium cutting apparatus, and disc drive apparatusUS7274635 *Mar 19, 2002Sep 25, 2007Sony CorporationMethod and apparatus for recording address information on disc mediumUS7385908May 4, 2005Jun 10, 2008Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.Record carrier including a servo track having first and second modulated parts representing a data type and a word sync type, respectively, and an apparatus for scanning the record carrierUS7391686Nov 13, 2006Jun 24, 2008Sony CorporationDisc-shaped recording medium, cutting apparatus for same, and disc driveUS7414932Jul 19, 2006Aug 19, 2008Sony CorporationMethod of, and apparatus for, recording address information to disc mediumUS7486607Nov 13, 2006Feb 3, 2009Sony CorporationDisc-shaped recording medium, cutting apparatus for same, and disc driveUS7668061Jun 17, 2005Feb 23, 2010Mediatek IncorporationMethod and apparatus for detecting specific signal pattern in a signal read from an optical discUS7965604Jul 31, 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2003Shinichiro IimuraDisc-shaped recording medium, disc-state recording medium cutting apparatus, and disc drive apparatusUS20050254409 *May 4, 2005Nov 17, 2005Schep Cornelis MRecord carrier including a servo track having first and second modulated parts representing a data type and a word sync type, respectively, and an apparatus for scanning the record carrierUS20060077849 *Jun 17, 2005Apr 13, 2006Chun-Nan ChenMethod and apparatus for detecting specific signal pattern in a signal read from an optical discUS20060256683 *Jul 19, 2006Nov 16, 2006Sony CorporationMethod of, and apparatus for, recording address information to disc mediumUS20070097826 *Nov 13, 2006May 3, 2007Sony CorporationDisc-shaped recording medium, cutting apparatus for same, and disc driveUS20070104083 *Nov 13, 2006May 10, 2007Sony CorporationDisc-shaped recording medium, cutting apparatus for same, and disc driveUS20080291794 *Jul 31, 2008Nov 27, 2008Sony CorporationMethod of, and apparatus for, recording address information to disc mediumUS20090161526 *Dec 5, 2008Jun 25, 2009Sony CorporationDisc-shaped recording medium, cutting apparatus for same, and disc driveUS20100097909 *Dec 25, 2009Apr 22, 2010Chun-Nan ChenMethod and apparatus for detecting specific signal pattern in a signal read from an optical discUS20110134728 *Jun 9, 2011Sony CorporationDisc-shaped recording medium, cutting apparatus for same, and disc driveUS20110216637 *Sep 8, 2011Sony CorporationMethod of, and apparatus for, recording address information to disc medium* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification369/47.19, 369/275.3, G9B/27.027, G9B/7.029, G9B/7.035International ClassificationG11B7/24082, G11B7/007, G11B27/30, G11B11/00, G11B27/24, G11B27/19, G11B20/12, G11B7/00Cooperative ClassificationG11B2220/218, G11B2220/2545, G11B27/3027, G11B2220/216, G11B27/24, G11B7/007, G11B7/24082, G11B2220/2562European ClassificationG11B7/24082, G11B7/007, G11B27/24Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionNov 12, 2002ASAssignmentOwner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONCIS N.V., NETHERLANDSFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SCHEP, CORNELIS MARINUS;STEK, AALBERT;VAN HOUTEN, HENDRIK;REEL/FRAME:013817/0123Effective date: 20021002Nov 12, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Nov 14, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services