Source: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/travmain.sectionReport1?p_lang=en&p_countries=CN&p_sc_id=1&p_year=2011&p_structure=1
Timestamp: 2017-02-27 04:30:53
Document Index: 529245604

Matched Legal Cases: ['§2', '§2', '§2', '§2', '§2', '§2', '§4', '§5', '§3', '§48', '§2', '§48', '§8', '§33', '§6', '§6', '§49', '§6', '§49', '§6', '§6', '§49', '§49', '§6', '§49', '§6', '§6', '§2', '§48', '§7', '§50', '§50', '§72', '§5', '§72', '§30', '§50', '§10', '§30', '§14', '§4', '§85', '§13', '§91', '§32']

Page 1 of 1 (1 countries) China - Minimum Wages - 2011
This database is updated on the basis of national law and State Council administrative regulations, i.e. law as promulgated by the National Peoples Congress, or its Standing Committee, and the State Council, or the Central Peoples Government, of the Peoples Republic of China. Further legal rules issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MOHRSS) and regulations issued at a provincial level may also be relevant, but fall outside the ambit of this review.Remarks: For an explanation of the sources and hierarchy of legal norms in China, see Sean Cooney 'Working Conditions in an Integrating World: Regulating Time, Money and Family Life - China' (2009) [1.5-1.11]; For an explanation of the legal system generally and labour law administration particularly, see Brown 'Understanding Labor and Employment Law in China' 2010 pp5, 13-19, 23-24
Labour Law 1994 Adopted at the Eighth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National Peoples Congress on July 5, 1994 and promulgated by Order No. 28 of the President of the Peoples Republic of China, commenced 1 January 1995 Labour Law 1994Remarks: The scope of the Labour Law 1994 is determined by reference to employee and employing units. Employing units are all enterprises and individual economic organisations and expressly include State organs, institutional organisations and societies.
Regulations on Minimum Wages, Order of the Minister of Labour and Social Security No. 21, dated 20 January 2004 with effect from 1 March 2004
Regulations on the composition of gross wages Ratified by the State Council on September 1989, and promulgated as the No 1 Instruction of the National Bureau of Statistics on 1 January 1990 Regulations on the composition of gross wages
Labor Contract Law of the Peoples Republic of China, adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National Peoples Congress of the Peoples Republic of the China on June 29, 2007, effective as of January 1, 2008 Labour Contract Law 2007
The Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Labor-dispute Mediation and Arbitration, adopted at the 31st Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National Peoples Congress of the Peoples Republic of China on December 29, 2007, effective 1 May 2008 Law on Labour Dispute Mediation and Arbitration 2007
Minimum wage standards for 2010, by province, autonomous regions and municipalities (monthly and hourly minimum wage rate). http://www.wageindicator.org/main/minimum-wages/china Minimum wage standards for 2010
Collective Wage Bargaining in Foreign Invested Enterprises, China Law and Practice, 1997-11-00. Vol. 11. No. 9, pp, 25-27
Cooney, Sean (2009) Working Conditions in an Integrating World: Regulating Time, Money and Family Life - China Working Conditions in an Integrating World: Regulating Time, Money and Family Life - China
Brown, Ronald C Understanding Labor and Employment Law in China Cambridge University Press, New York, 2010
Huawei, Downey and Sonnenberg Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws Paul Hastings Attorneys - Stay Current, May 2004 Paul Hastings Attorneys - China's New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004
Key terms are defined differently in the various labour laws and regulations. Some of the main definitions are set out below.
The Labour Law applies to labourers who form labour relationships with employing units (as defined).The Labour Contract Law applies to labourers who have established labour relations with state organs, public institutions and social groups, when entering into, implementing, modifying and dissolving or terminating labour contracts.Labour Law §2 Labour Contract Law 2007 §2 Remarks: The terms 'labour relationship' and 'labour relations' are not defined by the Labour Law or the Labour Contract Law, and the issue has not been examined at length by the Supreme People's Court, 'so there is considerable scope for variation' in the attributed meaning. However, it is clearly established that certain categories of worker are excluded from the scope of the Labour Law and the Labour Contract Law, including independent contractors and domestic workers: Cooney 2009 at 3.10-3.11. For further consideration of the scope of the term employee/worker, see Brown 2010 at pp29-33.
The Labour Law applies to all enterprises and individual economic organisations, which are collectively referred to as employing units. These expressly include State organs, institutional organisations and societies. The Labour Contract Law also applies to employing units, but defines these as all enterprises, private economic organisation and non-enterprises units run by civilian within the Peoples Republic of China and which establish labour relations, enter into, implement, modify, dissolve or terminate labour contracts. The Law also applies to state organs, public institutions and social groups when entering into, implementing, modifying and dissolving or terminating labour contracts. The Regulations on Minimum Wages apply to all enterprise, private non-enterprise units, sole proprietors, including state agencies, public institutions and community organisations (§2).Labour Law §2 Labour Contract Law 2007 §2 Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004 pp1-2 Regulations on Minimum Wages §2 Remarks: Cooney notes that the Labour Law removed what was previously a bifurcated regulatory system, creating 'uniform standards across both private and state sectors' through the broad definition of 'employing unit' (Cooney 2009 at [3.4]). However, Brown observes that 'although there has been an attempt to use broad, inclusive definitions of the term 'employer', still each labor law must be examined to determine whether coverage exists for traditional and newly emerging economic, nonprofit, and other employment relations' (Brown 2010 at p27). For accepted interpretations of the terms used to define 'employing unit', see Brown 2010 pp25-29.
Gross wages are composed of 6 components:(1) hourly wages;(2) piece wages;(3) bonuses;(4) allowances and subsidies;(5) overtime wages;(6) wages paid in particular cases.Regulations on the composition of gross wages §4 Remarks: Definitions of the various components are provided in §§5-10 of the Regulations on the composition of gross wages.
The minimum wage standard is defined as the least labour remuneration paid by the employers required by law on conditions that the labourers have provided normal labour during the legal working hours or working hours agreed by the labour contract.Minimum wage will not include payment owed on account of:(a) overtime;(b) special allowances paid by reason of a particular work environment or condition (e.g. shift duties, working in mines, working at high altitudes etc);(c) statutory employee welfare benefits;(d) travel-related expenses; or(e) protective clothing or equipment.Regulations on Minimum Wages §§3, 12 Understanding Labor and Employment Law in China pp128-129 Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004 pp2-3 Remarks: For the purposes of the minimum wage, working hours includes 'annual vacation, home leaves, wedding leave and leave for arranging funeral, maternity leave and leave for contraceptive operation, as well as attending social activities in accodance with law within working hours': Brown 2010 p128.
The Labour Law provides that employing units shall not pay wages that are lower than the minimum wages set by the provincial, regional or municipal government in accordance with the States system of guaranteed minimum wages. The Regulations on Minimum Wages provides that all enterprise, private non-enterprise units, sole proprietors, including state agencies, public institutions and community organisation, are required to pay minimum wages.Labour Law §48 Regulations on Minimum Wages §2 Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004 Procedure
Provincial, regional and municipal governments shall develop specific standards, relevant to their jurisdiction, for the system of guaranteed minimum wages. The standards set shall be reported to the State Council for the record.Labour Law §48 Government decides after consultation of the social partners
Regional trade unions and federations of enterprises are consulted at the local level and the China Labour Union and China Federation of Employers are consulted at the national level.Regulations on Minimum Wages §8 Working Conditions in an Integrating World: Regulating Time, Money and Family Life - China [4.2] Minimum wage set through decentralized collective bargaining
The staff and workers of an enterprise as one party may conclude a collective contract with the enterprise on matters relating to labour remuneration. The draft collective contract shall be submitted to the congress of the staff and workers or to all the staff and workers for discussion and adoption. A collective contract shall be concluded by the trade union on behalf of the staff and workers with the enterprise; in enterprises where a trade union has not be established, such contracts shall be concluded by the representatives elected by the staff and workers with the enterprise.A collective contract shall be submitted to the labour administrative department after its conclusion. The collective contract shall go into effect automatically if no objections are raised by the department within 15 days of the date on which it was received.Collective contracts concluded in accordance with the law shall have binding force and payments agreed in individual agreements shall not be lower than those stipulated in the collective contract.Employing units shall not pay wages that are lower than the minimum wages set by the local provincial, regional or municipal government in accordance with the States system of guaranteed minimum wages. Specific legislation regulates collective bargaining regarding wages in Foreign Investment Enterprises, which are not included within the ambit of the Labour Act. This legislation sets forth the criteria to be considered when setting wage rates. These include manpower costs, average wage levels in the industry, government wage guidelines, CPI and productivity.Labour Law §33, 34, 35, 48 Collective Wage Bargaining in Foreign Invested Enterprises, China Law and Practice, 1997-11-00. Vol. 11. No. 9, pp, 25-27 Criteria
The Labour Law and Regulations on Minimum Wages set out a number of principles which are to underly minimum wage rates and readjustments.Labour Law Chapter V Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004 Cost of living
The authorities are to have reference to minimum living costs of labourers and their dependants.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Labour Law §49 Level of wages and incomes in the country
The authorities are to have reference to the average wage of workers in the locality. When setting the minimum hourly rate for part-time workers, reference must also be made to the published monthly minimum wages.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Labour Law §49 Remarks: The Appendix to the Regulations on Minimum Wages incidates that the minimum wage for full-time employees should fall within 40-60% of the monthly average local wage.
The authorities are to have reference to social security and housing fund contributions paid by individual employees. When setting the hourly rate of pay for part-time workers, reference must also be had to the basic pension and medical insurance contributions payable by employers.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Economic development
The authorities are to have reference to the relevant provinces level of economic development.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Labour Law §49 Productivity
The determination and readjustment of the standards of minimum wages shall be made with reference to labour productivity.Labour Law §49 Level of employment
The authorities are to have reference to the employment situation.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Labour Law §49 Inflation rate
The authorities are to have reference to the consumer price index for urban residents.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 Other provisions
When setting the hourly rate for part-time employees, reference is to be made to the differences between full-time and part-time workers in terms of job stability, working conditions and intensity of labour and welfare. The Regulations also provide a detailed mathematical formula for setting minimum wage rates.Regulations on Minimum Wages §6 and Appendix Remarks: Guidance is provided on how differences between full-time and part-time workers may be taken into account in the Appendix to the Regulations.
The provisions concerning minimum wages apply to enterprises, private non-enterprise entities, individual industrial and commercial households with employees (the employing entities), and the labourers who have formed a labour relationship with them.Regulations on Minimum Wages Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004 Scope
The provisions concerning minimum wages apply to enterprises, private non-enterprise entities, individual industrial and commercial households with employees (collectively, the employing units), and the labourers who have formed a labour relationship with them.Regulations on Minimum Wages §2 Specific minimum wage rates
Minimum wages are to be set locally by the relevant provincial, regional and municipal government.
Minimum wages are to be set locally by the relevant provincial, regional and municipal government. The minimum wages for 2010 in each province are attached.Labour Law §48 Regulations on Minimum Wages §7 Minimum wage standards for 2010 Level
The monthly minimum wage rates range between 500 Yuan (Anhui Province, Jiangxi Provice) to 1,120 Yuan (Shanghai Province).Minimum wage standards for 2010 Minimum wage level(s) in national currency
There are 31 province-level minimum wage rates. The scope of these is illustrated by the following 4 examples:Shanghai - 1,120 YuanBeijing - 960 YuanAnhui - 500-720 Yuan Jiangxi - 500-720 YuanMinimum wage standards for 2010 Last minimum wage update
The dates vary between the provinces. Although most provinces are reported as hacing increased their minimum wage in 2010, some provinces have reportedly not updated their minimum wage since 2007 and 2008 (Chongqing, Guizhou and Qinghai provinces). Shanghai - April 2010Beijing - July 2010Anhui - June 2010 Jiangxi - June 2010Minimum wage standards for 2010 In-kind allowances
Wages must be paid in cash. No statutory provision for in-kind allowances identified.Labour Law §50 Rate of payment
Wages shall be paid monthly for standard workers and fortnightly for part-time workers. Payment shall not be delayed without justification.Labour Law §50 Labour Contract Law 2007 §72 » Hourly
Part-time employees are to be paid by the hour within 15 days after the work is completed.Regulations on Minimum Wages §5 Labour Contract Law 2007 §72 » Monthly
An employing unit should timely pay the full amount of salary to a labourer according to the specification of the labour contract or relevant State regulations.Labour Contract Law 2007 §30 Labour Law §50 Scheduled frequency of adjustment
At least once every two years.Regulations on Minimum Wages §10 Enforcement mechanisms
Enforcement powers are vested in the labour department of local governments. If the labourers legitimate rights and interests are infringed on, they have the right to ask competent authorities to deal with it according to law, or to go to arbitration or litigation. If the employing unit delays or fails to pay a full amount of salary, a labourer can appeal to the local peoples court for a payment according to law, and the peoples court should issue an order of such a payment.Labour Contract Law 2007 §§30, 74, 77 Regulations on Minimum Wages §14 Law on Labour Dispute Mediation and Arbitration 2007 Chinas New Wage and Hour Laws May 2004 Labour inspection
The administrative departments of labour at or above the provincial level are responsible for the inspection and supervision of the application of minimum wage. Specifically, the competent departments of the local governments are empowered, according to law, to make supervisions and inspections on a number of situations in fulfilling a labour contract, incluidng the situation in which an employing unit pays labour remunerations agreed in the labour contract, as well as implements the minimum wage standards. While conducting supervision and inspection, the competent labour departments are entitled to check related materials concerning labour and collective contracts and to conduct on-site inspections at workplaces. Employing units and labourers should provide material and information, based on the facts, to the competent labour department.In addition, trade unions may supervise the implementation, and report violations, of the minimum wage legislation.Labour Law Chapter XI Labour Contract Law 2007 Chapter VI Regulations on Minimum Wages §4 Fines in national currency for non-respect of legislation
The Labour Contract Law provides that where either: (a) an employing unit fails to comply with the provisions of a labour contract or provisions by the State and fails to timely pay a full amount of labour remuneration to a labourer; or (b) the labourers wage paid is lower than the local minimum wage standard,the competent labour department should order the employing unit to pay the outstanding amount. If these payments are delayed, a compensation equivalent to 50%-100% of these payments must be paid in addition to the due payments. The Regulations on Minimum Wages provide that where a violation is established, the employer may be ordered to pay the difference owed within a specified period, plus damages of up to 5 times the outstanding amount.Labour Contract Law 2007 §85 Regulations on Minimum Wages §13 Remarks: See also: §91 of the Labour Law and Provisions of the Economic Compensation for Breach and Termination of Contract, which envisage compensation plus an additional amount of 25% of the deficit.
No criminal liability is imposed. Failure to pay remuneration as agreed in the labour contract gives the labourer the right to rescind the labour contract summarily, i.e. without giving the 30 days notice otherwise required under the Labour Law.Labour Law §32(3) Results generated on: 27th February 2017 at 05:30:53.Page 1 of 1 (1 countries) ^ top