Source: http://cclme.org/viewcontents/?f=1-40CFR1051.txt
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CCLME.ORG - 40 CFR PART 1051—CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES
40 CFR PART 1051—CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES AND VEHICLES
1-40CFR1051.txt - CFR - 5/16/2006 0:00:00 - Regulation - US
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401—7671q.
Source: 67 FR 68347, Nov. 8, 2002, unless otherwise noted.
(a) The regulations in this part 1051 apply for all the following new recreational vehicles or new engines used in the following recreational vehicles, except as provided in §1051.5:
(3) All-terrain vehicles (ATVs.)
(4) Offroad utility vehicles with engines with displacement less than or equal to 1000 cc, maximum engine power less than or equal to 30 kW, and maximum vehicle speed of 25 miles per hour or higher. Offroad utility vehicles that are subject to this part are subject to the same requirements as ATVs. This means that any requirement that applies to ATVs also applies to these offroad utility vehicles, without regard to whether the regulatory language mentions offroad utility vehicles.
(b) In certain cases, the regulations in this part 1051 apply to new engines under 50 cc used in motorcycles that are motor vehicles. See 40 CFR 86.447–2006 or 86.448–2006 for provisions related to this allowance.
(c) This part 1051 applies for new recreational vehicles starting in the 2006 model year, except as described in subpart B of this part. You need not follow this part for vehicles you produce before the 2006 model year, unless you certify voluntarily. See §§1051.103 through 1051.110, §1051.145, and the definition of “model year” in §1051.801 for more information about the timing of the requirements.
(d) The requirements of this part begin to apply when a vehicle is new. See the definition of “new” in §1051.801 for more information. In some cases, vehicles or engines that have been previously used may be considered “new” for the purposes of this part.
[70 FR 40486, July 13, 2005]
§ 1051.5 Which engines are excluded from this part's requirements?
(a) You may exclude vehicles with compression-ignition engines. See 40 CFR part 89 or 1039 for regulations that cover these engines.
(b) We may require you to label an engine or vehicle (or both) if this section excludes it and other requirements in this chapter do not apply.
§ 1051.10 How is this part organized?
The regulations in this part 1051 contain provisions that affect both vehicle manufacturers and others. However, the requirements of this part are generally addressed to the vehicle manufacturer. The term “you” generally means the vehicle manufacturer, as defined in §1051.801. This part 1051 is divided into the following subparts:
(a) Subpart A of this part defines the applicability of part 1051 and gives an overview of regulatory requirements.
(b) Subpart B of this part describes the emission standards and other requirements that must be met to certify engines under this part. Note that §1051.145 discusses certain interim requirements and compliance provisions that apply only for a limited time.
§ 1051.15 Do any other regulation parts apply to me?
(a) Parts 86 and 1065 of this chapter describe procedures and equipment specifications for testing vehicles and engines. Subpart F of this part 1051 describes how to apply the provisions of parts 86 and 1065 of this chapter to determine whether vehicles meet the emission standards in this part.
(b) The requirements and prohibitions of part 1068 of this chapter apply to everyone, including anyone who manufactures, imports, installs, owns, operates, or rebuilds any of the vehicles subject to this part 1051, or vehicles containing these engines. Part 1068 of this chapter describes general provisions, including these seven areas:
(1) Prohibited acts and penalties for manufacturers and others.
(3) Exclusions and exemptions for certain vehicles and engines.
(4) Importing vehicles and engines.
[70 FR 40487, July 13, 2005]
§ 1051.20 May I certify a recreational engine instead of the vehicle?
(a) You may certify engines sold separately from vehicles in either of two cases:
(1) If you manufacture recreational engines but not recreational vehicles, you may ask to certify the engine alone. In your request, explain why you cannot certify the entire vehicle.
(2) If you manufacture complete recreational vehicles containing engines you also sell separately, you may ask to certify all these engines in a single engine family or in separate engine families.
(b) If you certify an engine under this section, you must use the test procedures in subpart F of this part. If the test procedures require vehicle testing, use good engineering judgment to install the engine in an appropriate vehicle for measuring emissions.
(c) If we allow you to certify recreational engines, the vehicles must meet the applicable emission standards (including evaporative emission standards) with the engines installed in the appropriate vehicles. You must prepare installation instructions as described in §1051.130 and use good engineering judgment so that the engines will meet emission standards after proper installation in the vehicle.
(d) Identify and label engines you produce under this section consistent with the requirements of §1051.135. On the emission control information label, identify the manufacturing date of the engine rather than the vehicle.
(e) You may not use the provisions of this section to circumvent or reduce the stringency of this part's standards or other requirements.
(f) If you certify under paragraph (a)(1) of this section, you may ask us to allow you to perform production-line testing on the engine. If you certify under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, use good engineering judgment to ensure that these engines are produced in the same manner as the engines you produce for your vehicles, so that your production-line testing results under subpart D of this part would apply to them.
§ 1051.25 What requirements apply when installing certified engines in recreational vehicles?
(a) If you manufacture recreational vehicles with engines certified under §1051.20, you need not also certify the vehicle under this part. The vehicle must nevertheless meet emission standards with the engine installed.
(b) You must follow the engine manufacturer's emission-related installation instructions, as described in §1051.135 and 40 CFR 1068.105. For example, you must use a fuel system that meets the permeation requirements of this part, consistent with the engine manufacturer's instructions.
(c) If you install the engine in a way that makes the engine's emission control information label hard to read during normal engine maintenance, you must place a duplicate label on the vehicle, as described in 40 CFR 1068.105.
§ 1051.101 What emission standards and other requirements must my vehicles meet?
(a) You must show that your vehicles meet the following:
(1) The applicable exhaust emission standards in §1051.103, §1051.105, §1051.107, or §1051.145.
(i) For snowmobiles, see §1051.103.
(ii) For off-highway motorcycles, see §1051.105.
(iii) For all-terrain vehicles and offroad utility vehicles subject to this part, see §1051.107 and §1051.145.
(2) The evaporative emission standards in §1051.110.
(3) All the requirements in §1051.115.
(b) The certification regulations in subpart C of this part describe how you make this showing.
(c) These standards and requirements apply to all testing, including certification, production-line, and in-use testing.
(d) Other sections in this subpart describe other requirements for manufacturers such as labeling or warranty requirements.
(e) It is important that you read §1051.145 to determine if there are other interim requirements or interim compliance options that apply for a limited time.
(f) As described in §1051.1(a)(4), offroad utility vehicles that are subject to this part are subject to the same requirements as ATVs.
67 FR 68347, Nov. 8, 2002, as amended at 70 FR 40487, July 13, 2005]
(1) Follow Table 1 of this section for exhaust emission standards. You may generate or use emission credits under the averaging, banking, and trading (ABT) program for HC+NOX and CO emissions, as described in subpart H of this part. This requires that you specify a family emission limit for each pollutant you include in the ABT program for each engine family. These family emission limits serve as the emission standards for the engine family with respect to all required testing instead of the standards specified in this section. An engine family meets emission standards even if its family emission limit is higher than the standard, as long as you show that the whole averaging set of applicable engine families meets the applicable emission standards using emission credits, and the vehicles within the family meet the family emission limit. The phase-in values specify the percentage of your U.S.-directed production that must comply with the emission standards for those model years. Calculate this compliance percentage based on a simple count of your U.S.-directed production units within each certified engine family compared with a simple count of your total U.S.-directed production units. Table 1 also shows the maximum value you may specify for a family emission limit, as follows:
Table 1 of § 1051.103_Exhaust Emission Standards for Snowmobiles (g/kW-hr)
Emission standards Maximum allowable family emission
Phase-in --------------------------------- limits
Phase Model year (percent) ----------------------------------
HC HC+NOX CO HC HC+NOX CO
Phase 1................................... 2006......................... 50 100 ......... 275 ......... ......... ...........
Phase 1................................... 2007-2009.................... 100 100 ......... 275 ......... ......... ...........
Phase 2................................... 2010 and 2011................ 100 75 ......... 275 ......... ......... ...........
Phase 3................................... 2012 and later............... 100 75 (\1\) (\1\) 150 165 400
\1\ See § 1051.103(a)(2).
(2) For Phase 3, the HC+NOX and CO standards are defined by a functional relationship. Choose your corporate average HC+NOX and CO standards for each model year according to the following criteria:
(i) Prior to production, select the HC+NOX standard and CO standard (specified as g/kW-hr) so that the combined percent reduction from baseline emission levels is greater than or equal to 100 percent; that is, that the standards comply with the following equation:
(ii) Your corporate average HC+NOX standard may not be higher than 90 g/kW-hr.
(iv) You may use the averaging and banking provisions of subpart H of this part to show compliance with these HC+NOX and CO standards in this paragraph (a)(2). You may modify your selection of the HC+NOX and CO standards at the end of the model year under paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section. You must comply with these final corporate average emission standards.
(1) Gasoline- and LPG-fueled snowmobiles: THC emissions.
(2) Natural gas-fueled snowmobiles: NMHC emissions.
(3) Alcohol-fueled snowmobiles: THCE emissions.
§ 1051.105 What are the exhaust emission standards for off-highway motorcycles?
(1) Follow Table 1 of this section for exhaust emission standards. You may generate or use emission credits under the averaging, banking, and trading (ABT) program for HC+NOX and CO emissions, as described in subpart H of this part. This requires that you specify a family emission limit for each pollutant you include in the ABT program for each engine family. These family emission limits serve as the emission standards for the engine family with respect to all required testing instead of the standards specified in this section. An engine family meets emission standards even if its family emission limit is higher than the standard, as long as you show that the whole averaging set of applicable engine families meets the applicable emission standards using emission credits, and the vehicles within the family meet the family emission limit. The phase-in values specify the percentage of your U.S.-directed production that must comply with the emission standards for those model years. Calculate this compliance percentage based on a simple count of your U.S.-directed production units within each certified engine family compared with a simple count of your total U.S.-directed production units. Table 1 follows:
Table 1 of § 1051.105_Exhaust Emission Standards for Off-Highway Motorcycles (g/km)
Emission standards Maximum allowable family
Phase-in -------------------------- emission limits
Phase Model year (percent) -------------------------
HC+NOX CO HC+NOX CO
Phase 1...................... 2006............ 50 2.0 25 20.0 50
2007 and later.. 100 2.0 25 20.0 50
(2) For model years 2007 and later you may choose to certify all of your off-highway motorcycles to an HC+NOX standard of 4.0 g/km and a CO standard of 35 g/km, instead of the standards listed in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. To certify to the standards in this paragraph (a)(2), you must comply with the following provisions:
(iii) You may use the averaging and banking provisions of subpart H of this part to show compliance with this HC+NOX standard, but not this CO standard. If you use the averaging or banking provisions to show compliance, your FEL for HC+NOX may not exceed 8.0 g/km for any engine family. You may not use the trading provisions of subpart H of this part.
(1) Gasoline- and LPG-fueled off-highway motorcycles: THC emissions.
(2) Natural gas-fueled off-highway motorcycles: NMHC emissions.
(3) Alcohol-fueled off-highway motorcycles: THCE emissions.
§ 1051.107 What are the exhaust emission standards for all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and offroad utility vehicles?
(1) Follow Table 1 of this section for exhaust emission standards. You may generate or use emission credits under the averaging, banking, and trading (ABT) program for HC+NOX emissions, as described in subpart H of this part. This requires that you specify a family emission limit for each pollutant you include in the ABT program for each engine family. These family emission limits serve as the emission standards for the engine family with respect to all required testing instead of the standards specified in this section. An engine family meets emission standards even if its family emission limit is higher than the standard, as long as you show that the whole averaging set of applicable engine families meets the applicable emission standards using emission credits, and the vehicles within the family meet the family emission limit. Table 1 also shows the maximum value you may specify for a family emission limit. The phase-in values in the table specify the percentage of your total U.S.-directed production that must comply with the emission standards for those model years.
Table 1 of § 1051.107_Exhaust Emission Standards for ATVs (g/km)
Phase-in -------------------------------- emission limits
Phase Model year (percent) -------------------------------
Phase 1................................... 2006........................ 50 1.5 35 20.0 ..............
2007 and later.............. 100 1.5 35 20.0 ..............
(1) Gasoline- and LPG-fueled ATVs: THC emissions.
(2) Natural gas-fueled ATVs: NMHC emissions.
(3) Alcohol-fueled ATVs: THCE emissions.
67 FR 68347, Nov. 8, 2002, as amended at 70 FR 40488, July 13, 2005]
§ 1051.110 What evaporative emission standards must my vehicles meet?
Your new vehicles must meet the emission standards of this section over their full useful life. Note that §1051.245 allows you to use design-based certification instead of generating new emission data.
§ 1051.115 What other requirements must my vehicles meet?
Your vehicles must meet the following requirements:
(c) Components covered. The emission-related warranty covers all components whose failure would increase an engine's emissions of any pollutant. This includes components listed in 40 CFR part 1068, Appendix I, and components from any other system you develop to control emissions. The emission-related warranty covers these components even if another company produces the component. Your emission-related warranty does not cover components whose failure would not increase an engine's emissions of any pollutant.
(d) Limited applicability. You may deny warranty claims under this section if the operator caused the problem through improper maintenance or use, as described in 40 CFR 1068.115. You may ask us to allow you to exclude from your emission-related warranty certified vehicles that have been used significantly for competition, especially certified motorcycles that meet at least four of the criteria in §1051.620(b)(1).
[70 FR 40489, July 13, 2005]
Give the ultimate purchaser of each new vehicle written instructions for properly maintaining and using the vehicle, including the emission-control system. The maintenance instructions also apply to service accumulation on your emission-data vehicles, as described in §1051.240, §1051.245, and 40 CFR part 1065.
(iii) You provide the maintenance free of charge and clearly say so in maintenance instructions for the customer.
(c) Special maintenance. You may specify more frequent maintenance to address problems related to special situations, such as atypical vehicle operation. You must clearly state that this additional maintenance is associated with the special situation you are addressing.
(d) Noncritical emission-related maintenance. You may schedule any amount of emission-related inspection or maintenance that is not covered by paragraph (a) of this section, as long as you state in the owners manual that these steps are not necessary to keep the emission-related warranty valid. If operators fail to do this maintenance, this does not allow you to disqualify those vehicles from in-use testing or deny a warranty claim. Do not take these inspection or maintenance steps during service accumulation on your emission-data vehicles.
(3) Describe the instructions needed to properly install the exhaust system and any other components. Include instructions consistent with the requirements of §1051.205(r).
(4) Describe the steps needed to comply with the evaporative emission standards in §1051.110.
§ 1051.135 How must I label and identify the vehicles I produce?
Each of your vehicles must have three labels: a vehicle identification number as described in paragraph (a) of this section, an emission control information label as described in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section, and a consumer information label as described in §1051.137.
(a) Assign each vehicle a unique identification number and permanently affix, engrave, or stamp it on the vehicle in a legible way.
(b) At the time of manufacture, affix a permanent and legible emission control information label identifying each vehicle. The label must be
(1) Attached so it is not removable without being destroyed or defaced.
(2) Secured to a part of the vehicle (or engine) needed for normal operation and not normally requiring replacement.
(3) Durable and readable for the vehicle's entire life.
(2) Include your full corporate name and trademark. You may identify another company and use its trademark instead of yours if you comply with the provisions of §1051.645.
(3) Include EPA's standardized designation for engine families, as described in §1051.230.
(4) State the engine's displacement (in liters). You may omit this from the emission control information label if the vehicle is permanently labeled with a unique model name that corresponds to a specific displacement. Also, you may omit displacement from the label if all the engines in the engine family have the same per-cylinder displacement and total displacement.
(5) State: “THIS VEHICLE IS CERTIFIED TO OPERATE ON [specify operating fuel or fuels].”.
(6) State the date of manufacture [MONTH and YEAR]. You may omit this from the label if you keep a record of the engine-manufacture dates and provide it to us upon request, or if you stamp the date on the engine or vehicle.
(7) State the exhaust emission standards or FELs to which the vehicles are certified.
(8) Identify the emission-control system. Use terms and abbreviations consistent with SAE J1930 (incorporated by reference in §1051.810). You may omit this information from the label if there is not enough room for it and you put it in the owners manual instead.
(9) List specifications and adjustments for engine tuneups; show the proper position for the transmission during tuneup and state which accessories should be operating.
(10) Identify the fuel type and any requirements for fuel and lubricants. You may omit this information from the label if there is not enough room for it and you put it in the owners manual instead.
(11) State the useful life for your engine family if it is different than the minimum value.
(12) State: “S VEHICLE MEETS U.S. EPA REGULATIONS FOR [MODEL YEAR] [SNOWMOBILES or OFF-ROAD MOTORCYCLES or ATVs or OFFROAD UTILITY VEHICLES].”.
(d) You may add information to the emission control information label to identify other emission standards that the vehicle meets or does not meet (such as California standards). You may also add other information to ensure that the engine will be properly maintained and used.
(e) You may ask us to approve modified labeling requirements in this part 1051 if you show that it is necessary or appropriate. We will approve your request if your alternate label is consistent with the requirements of this part.
(f) If you obscure the engine label while installing the engine in the equipment such that the label will be hard to read during normal maintenance, you must place a duplicate label on the equipment. If others install your engine in their equipment in a way that obscures the engine label, we require them to add a duplicate label on the equipment (see 40 CFR 1068.105); in that case, give them the number of duplicate labels they request and keep the following records for at least five years:
(2) The number of duplicate labels you send and the date you sent them.
(g) Label every vehicle certified under this part with a removable hang-tag showing its emission characteristics relative to othermodels, as described in §1051.137. (continued)