Source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/40/91.409
Timestamp: 2016-07-25 16:04:47
Document Index: 231682762

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40 CFR 91.409 - Engine dynamometer test run. | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute
CFR › Title 40 › Chapter I › Subchapter C › Part 91 › Subpart E › Section 91.409 40 CFR 91.409 - Engine dynamometer test run.
§ 91.409
Only adjustments in accordance with § 91.118 may be made to the test engine prior to starting a test.
If necessary, warm up the dynamometer as recommended by the dynamometer manufacturer ore good engineering practice.
At the manufacturer's option, the engine can be run with the throttle in a fixed position or by using the engine's governor (if the engine is manufactured with a governor). In either case, the engine speed and load must meet the requirements specified in paragraph (b)(12) of this section.
Record the general test data as specified in § 91.405.
Operate the engine at idle for 2 to 3 minutes;
Operate the engine at a power greater than or equal to 50 percent power at the rated speed for 5 to 7 minutes;
Operate the engine at rated speed and maximum power for 25 to 30 minutes;
Option. For four-stroke engines, where appropriate, it is permitted to precondition the engine at rated speed and maximum power until the oil and water temperatures are stabilized. The temperatures are defined as stabilized if they are maintained within 2 percent of point for 2 minutes. The engine must be operated a minimum of 10 minutes for this option. This optional procedure may be substituted for step in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) of this section;
Option. If the engine has been operating on service accumulation for a minimum of 40 minutes, the service accumulation may be substituted for steps in paragraphs (b)(2) (i) through (iii) of this section.
Record all pre-test data specified in § 91.405(c).
Start the test cycle (see § 91.410) within 10 minutes of the completion of the steps required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
During the first mode calculate the torque corresponding to 71.6, 46.5, and 25.3 percent of the maximum observed torque for the rated speed (see Table 2 in appendix A of this subpart).
Once engine speed and load are set for a mode, run the engine for a sufficient period of time to achieve thermal stability. At the manufacturers option, determine and document the appropriate criterion for thermal stability for each engine family.
Record all modal data specified in § 91.405(e) for a minimum time period of the last two minutes of each mode. Longer averaging periods are acceptable, but the data averaged must be from a continuous time period. The duration of time during which this data is recorded is referred to as the “sampling period.” The data collected during the sampling period is used for modal emission calculations.
Continuously record the analyzer's response to the exhaust gas during the sampling period.
If a delay of more than one hour occurs between the end of one mode and the beginning of another mode, the test is void and must be restarted as described at paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
The engine speed and load must be maintained within the requirements of § 91.410 during the sampling period for each mode. If this requirement is not met, the mode is void and must be restarted.
If at any time during a mode, the test equipment malfunctions or the specifications in § 91.410 can not be met, the test is void, and must be aborted. Corrective action should be taken and the test restarted.
Exhaust gas measurements. (1) Measure HC, CO, CO2, and NOX concentration in the exhaust sample.
Each analyzer range that may be used during a test segment must have the zero and span responses recorded prior to the start of the test. Only the range(s) used to measure the emissions during the test is required to have its zero and span recorded after the completion of the test. Depending on the stability of each individual analyzer, more frequent zero checks or spans between modes may be necessary.
It is permitted to change filter elements between test segments.
A hang-up check is permitted between modes (see § 91.413).
If, during the emission measurement portion of a mode, the value of the gauges downstream of the NDIR analyzer(s) G3 or G4 (See Figure 1 in appendix B of subpart D of this part) differs by more than ±0.5 kPa, the mode is void.
§ 91.409 Engine dynamometer test run.
(a) Engine and dynamometer start-up. (1) Only adjustments in accordance with § 91.118 may be made to the test engine prior to starting a test. (2) If necessary, warm up the dynamometer as recommended by the dynamometer manufacturer ore good engineering practice. (3) At the manufacturer's option, the engine can be run with the throttle in a fixed position or by using the engine's governor (if the engine is manufactured with a governor). In either case, the engine speed and load must meet the requirements specified in paragraph (b)(12) of this section. (b) Each test consists of the following: (1) Record the general test data as specified in § 91.405. (2) Precondition the engine in the following manner; (i) Operate the engine at idle for 2 to 3 minutes; (ii) Operate the engine at a power greater than or equal to 50 percent power at the rated speed for 5 to 7 minutes; (iii) Operate the engine at rated speed and maximum power for 25 to 30 minutes; (iv) Option. For four-stroke engines, where appropriate, it is permitted to precondition the engine at rated speed and maximum power until the oil and water temperatures are stabilized. The temperatures are defined as stabilized if they are maintained within 2 percent of point for 2 minutes. The engine must be operated a minimum of 10 minutes for this option. This optional procedure may be substituted for step in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) of this section; (v) Option. If the engine has been operating on service accumulation for a minimum of 40 minutes, the service accumulation may be substituted for steps in paragraphs (b)(2) (i) through (iii) of this section. (3) Record all pre-test data specified in § 91.405(c). (4) Start the test cycle (see § 91.410) within 10 minutes of the completion of the steps required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (5) During the first mode calculate the torque corresponding to 71.6, 46.5, and 25.3 percent of the maximum observed torque for the rated speed (see Table 2 in appendix A of this subpart). (6) Once engine speed and load are set for a mode, run the engine for a sufficient period of time to achieve thermal stability. At the manufacturers option, determine and document the appropriate criterion for thermal stability for each engine family. (7) Record all modal data specified in § 91.405(e) for a minimum time period of the last two minutes of each mode. Longer averaging periods are acceptable, but the data averaged must be from a continuous time period. The duration of time during which this data is recorded is referred to as the “sampling period.” The data collected during the sampling period is used for modal emission calculations. (8) Continuously record the analyzer's response to the exhaust gas during the sampling period. (9) Modes may be repeated. (10) If a delay of more than one hour occurs between the end of one mode and the beginning of another mode, the test is void and must be restarted as described at paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (11) The engine speed and load must be maintained within the requirements of § 91.410 during the sampling period for each mode. If this requirement is not met, the mode is void and must be restarted. (12) If at any time during a mode, the test equipment malfunctions or the specifications in § 91.410 can not be met, the test is void, and must be aborted. Corrective action should be taken and the test restarted. (13) Fuel flow and air flow during the idle condition may be determined just prior to or immediately following the dynamometer sequence, if longer times are required for accurate measurements. If the dilute sampling method (Constant Volume Sampling) is used, neither fuel flow nor air flow measurements are required. (c) Exhaust gas measurements. (1) Measure HC, CO, CO2, and NOX concentration in the exhaust sample. (2) Each analyzer range that may be used during a test segment must have the zero and span responses recorded prior to the start of the test. Only the range(s) used to measure the emissions during the test is required to have its zero and span recorded after the completion of the test. Depending on the stability of each individual analyzer, more frequent zero checks or spans between modes may be necessary. (3) It is permitted to change filter elements between test segments. (4) A leak check is permitted between modes. (5) A hang-up check is permitted between modes (see § 91.413). (6) If, during the emission measurement portion of a mode, the value of the gauges downstream of the NDIR analyzer(s) G3 or G4 (See Figure 1 in appendix B of subpart D of this part) differs by more than ±0.5 kPa, the mode is void. This is a list of United States Code sections, Statutes at Large, Public Laws, and Presidential Documents, which provide rulemaking authority for this CFR Part.This list is taken from the Parallel Table of Authorities and Rules provided by GPO [Government Printing Office].It is not guaranteed to be accurate or up-to-date, though we do refresh the database weekly. More limitations on accuracy are described at the GPO site.United States CodeU.S. Code: Title 42 - THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE§ 7401 - Congressional findings and declaration of purpose§ 7402 - Cooperative activities§ 7403 - Research, investigation, training, and other activities§ 7404 - Research relating to fuels and vehicles§ 7405 - Grants for support of air pollution planning and control programs§ 7406 - Interstate air quality agencies; program cost limitations§ 7407 - Air quality control regions§ 7408 - Air quality criteria and control techniques§ 7409 - National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards§ 7410 - State implementation plans for national primary and secondary ambient air quality standards§ 7411 - Standards of performance for new stationary sources§ 7412 - Hazardous air pollutants§ 7413 - Federal enforcement§ 7414 - Recordkeeping, inspections, monitoring, and entry§ 7415 - International air pollution§ 7416 - Retention of State authority§ 7417 - Advisory committees§ 7418 - Control of pollution from Federal facilities§ 7419 - Primary nonferrous smelter orders§ 7420 - Noncompliance penalty§ 7421 - Consultation§ 7422 - Listing of certain unregulated pollutants§ 7423 - Stack heights§ 7424 - Assurance of adequacy of State plans§ 7425 - Measures to prevent economic disruption or unemployment§ 7426 - Interstate pollution abatement§ 7427 - Public notification§ 7428 - State boards§ 7429 - Solid waste combustion§ 7430 - Emission factors§ 7431 - Land use authority§ 7450 to 7459 - Repealed. Pub. L. 101–549, title VI, § 601, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2648§ 7470 - Congressional declaration of purpose§ 7471 - Plan requirements§ 7472 - Initial classifications§ 7473 - Increments and ceilings§ 7474 - Area redesignation§ 7475 - Preconstruction requirements§ 7476 - Other pollutants§ 7477 - Enforcement§ 7478 - Period before plan approval§ 7479 - Definitions§ 7491 - Visibility protection for Federal class I areas§ 7492 - Visibility§ 7501 - Definitions§ 7502 - Nonattainment plan provisions in general§ 7503 - Permit requirements§ 7504 - Planning procedures§ 7505 - Environmental Protection Agency grants§ 7505a - Maintenance plans§ 7506 - Limitations on certain Federal assistance§ 7506a - Interstate transport commissions§ 7507 - New motor vehicle emission standards in nonattainment areas§ 7508 - Guidance documents§ 7509 - Sanctions and consequences of failure to attain§ 7509a - International border areas§ 7511 - Classifications and attainment dates§ 7511a - Plan submissions and requirements§ 7511b - Federal ozone measures§ 7511c - Control of interstate ozone air pollution§ 7511d - Enforcement for Severe and Extreme ozone nonattainment areas for failure to attain§ 7511e - Transitional areas§ 7511f - NOx and VOC study§ 7512 - Classification and attainment dates§ 7512a - Plan submissions and requirements§ 7513 - Classifications and attainment dates§ 7513a - Plan provisions and schedules for plan submissions§ 7513b - Issuance of RACM and BACM guidance§ 7514 - Plan submission deadlines§ 7514a - Attainment dates§ 7515 - General savings clause§ 7521 - Emission standards for new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines§ 7522 - Prohibited acts§ 7523 - Actions to restrain violations§ 7524 - Civil penalties§ 7525 - Motor vehicle and motor vehicle engine compliance testing and certification§ 7541 - Compliance by vehicles and engines in actual use§ 7542 - Information collection§ 7543 - State standards§ 7544 - State grants§ 7545 - Regulation of fuels§ 7546 - Renewable fuel§ 7547 - Nonroad engines and vehicles§ 7548 - Study of particulate emissions from motor vehicles§ 7549 - High altitude performance adjustments§ 7550 - Definitions§ 7551 - Omitted§ 7552 - Motor vehicle compliance program fees§ 7553 - Prohibition on production of engines requiring leaded gasoline§ 7554 - Urban bus standards§ 7571 - Establishment of standards§ 7572 - Enforcement of standards§ 7573 - State standards and controls§ 7574 - Definitions§ 7581 - Definitions§ 7582 - Requirements applicable to clean-fuel vehicles§ 7583 - Standards for light-duty clean-fuel vehicles§ 7584 - Administration and enforcement as per California standards§ 7585 - Standards for heavy-duty clean-fuel vehicles (GVWR above 8,500 up to 26,000 lbs.)§ 7586 - Centrally fueled fleets§ 7587 - Vehicle conversions§ 7588 - Federal agency fleets§ 7589 - California pilot test program§ 7590 - General provisions§ 7601 - Administration§ 7602 - Definitions§ 7603 - Emergency powers§ 7604 - Citizen suits§ 7605 - Representation in litigation§ 7606 - Federal procurement§ 7607 - Administrative proceedings and judicial review§ 7608 - Mandatory licensing§ 7609 - Policy review§ 7610 - Other authority§ 7611 - Records and audit§ 7612 - Economic impact analyses§ 7613 - Repealed. Pub. L. 101–549, title VIII, § 803, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2689§ 7614 - Labor standards§ 7615 - Separability§ 7616 - Sewage treatment grants§ 7617 - Economic impact assessment§ 7618 - Repealed. Pub. L. 101–549, title I, § 108(q), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2469§ 7619 - Air quality monitoring§ 7620 - Standardized air quality modeling§ 7621 - Employment effects§ 7622 - Employee protection§ 7623 - Repealed. Pub. L. 96–300, § 1(c), July 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 831§ 7624 - Cost of vapor recovery equipment§ 7625 - Vapor recovery for small business marketers of petroleum products§ 7625-1§ 7625a - Statutory construction§ 7626 - Authorization of appropriations§ 7627 - Air pollution from Outer Continental Shelf activities§ 7628 - Demonstration grant program for local governments§ 7641 - Noise abatement§ 7642 - Authorization of appropriations§ 7651 - Findings and purposes§ 7651a - Definitions§ 7651b - Sulfur dioxide allowance program for existing and new units§ 7651c - Phase I sulfur dioxide requirements§ 7651d - Phase II sulfur dioxide requirements§ 7651e - Allowances for States with emissions rates at or below 0.80 lbs/mmBtu§ 7651f - Nitrogen oxides emission reduction program§ 7651g - Permits and compliance plans§ 7651h - Repowered sources§ 7651i - Election for additional sources§ 7651j - Excess emissions penalty§ 7651k - Monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements§ 7651l - General compliance with other provisions§ 7651m - Enforcement§ 7651n - Clean coal technology regulatory incentives§ 7651o - Contingency guarantee, auctions, reserve§ 7661 - Definitions§ 7661a - Permit programs§ 7661b - Permit applications§ 7661c - Permit requirements and conditions§ 7661d - Notification to Administrator and contiguous States§ 7661e - Other authorities§ 7661f - Small business stationary source technical and environmental compliance assistance program§ 7671 - Definitions§ 7671a - Listing of class I and class II substances§ 7671b - Monitoring and reporting requirements§ 7671c - Phase-out of production and consumption of class I substances§ 7671d - Phase-out of production and consumption of class II substances§ 7671e - Accelerated schedule§ 7671f - Exchange authority§ 7671g - National recycling and emission reduction program§ 7671h - Servicing of motor vehicle air conditioners§ 7671i - Nonessential products containing chlorofluorocarbons§ 7671j - Labeling§ 7671k - Safe alternatives policy§ 7671l - Federal procurement§ 7671m - Relationship to other laws§ 7671n - Authority of Administrator§ 7671o - Transfers among Parties to Montreal Protocol§ 7671p - International cooperation§ 7671q - Miscellaneous provisions