Source: https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title5/html/USCODE-2010-title5-partI-chap5-subchapIV.htm
Timestamp: 2017-11-25 05:55:52
Document Index: 339309843

Matched Legal Cases: ['§581', '§561', '§3', '§2', '§2', '§5', '§5', '§4321', '§9', '§4', '§5', '§4', '§582', '§572', '§3', '§4', '§583', '§573', '§3', '§7', '§7', '§7', '§574', '§4', '§584', '§574', '§3', '§3', '§3', '§3', '§3', '§3', '§575', '§4', '§585', '§575', '§3', '§8', '§8', '§8', '§8', '§576', '§4', '§586', '§576', '§3', '§10418', '§577', '§4', '§587', '§577', '§3', '§3', '§3', '§578', '§4', '§588', '§578', '§3', '§579', '§4', '§589', '§579', '§3', '§580', '§4', '§590', '§580', '§3', '§8', '§8', '§8', '§8', '§3', '§5', '§4', '§591', '§581', '§3', '§8', '§1', '§3', '§3', '§582', '§4', '§4', '§592', '§582', '§3', '§583', '§4', '§593', '§583', '§3', '§5', '§584', '§10']

Another subchapter IV (§581 et seq.) relating to negotiated rulemaking procedure was redesignated subchapter III (§561 et seq.) of this chapter.
1992—Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(1), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944, transferred this subchapter so as to appear immediately after subchapter III of this chapter.
1996—Par. (3). Pub. L. 104–320, §2(1), struck out “, in lieu of an adjudication as defined in section 551(7) of this title,” after “any procedure that is used”, struck out “settlement negotiations,” after “but not limited to,” and substituted “arbitration, and use of ombuds” for “and arbitration”.
Par. (8). Pub. L. 104–320, §2(2), substituted “decision;” for “decision,” at end of subpar. (B), and struck out closing provisions which read as follows: “except that such term shall not include any matter specified under section 2302 or 7121(c) of this title;”.
Par. (3). Pub. L. 102–354, §5(b)(1), inserted comma after “including”.
Par. (8). Pub. L. 102–354, §5(b)(2), amended par. (8) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (8) read as follows: “ ‘issue in controversy’ means an issue which is material to a decision concerning an administrative program of an agency, and with which there is disagreement between the agency and persons who would be substantially affected by the decision but shall not extend to matters specified under the provisions of sections 2302 and 7121(c) of title 5;”.
Section 11 of Pub. L. 101–552, as amended by Pub. L. 104–106, div. D, title XLIII, §4321(i)(5), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 676, which provided that the authority of agencies to use dispute resolution proceedings under this Act [see Short Title note below] was to terminate on Oct. 1, 1995, except with respect to pending proceedings, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–320, §9, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3872.
Section 1 of Pub. L. 104–320 provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 570a and 584 of this title, amending this section, sections 569, 573 to 575, 580, 581, and 583 of this title, section 2304 of Title 10, Armed Forces, section 1491 of Title 28, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, section 173 of Title 29, Labor, section 3556 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and sections 253 and 605 of Title 41, Public Contracts, repealing section 582 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under section 563 of this title, section 1491 of Title 28, and section 3556 of Title 31, amending provisions set out as notes under this section, and repealing provisions set out as notes under this section and section 561 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Administrative Dispute Resolution Act of 1996’.”
Section 1 of Pub. L. 101–552 provided that: “This Act [enacting this subchapter, amending section 556 of this title, section 10 of Title 9, Arbitration, section 2672 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, section 173 of Title 29, Labor, section 3711 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and sections 605 and 607 of Title 41, Public Contracts, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Administrative Dispute Resolution Act’.”
Section 2 of Pub. L. 101–552 provided that: “The Congress finds that—
“(1) administrative procedure, as embodied in chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code, and other statutes, is intended to offer a prompt, expert, and inexpensive means of resolving disputes as an alternative to litigation in the Federal courts;
“(2) administrative proceedings have become increasingly formal, costly, and lengthy resulting in unnecessary expenditures of time and in a decreased likelihood of achieving consensual resolution of disputes;
“(3) alternative means of dispute resolution have been used in the private sector for many years and, in appropriate circumstances, have yielded decisions that are faster, less expensive, and less contentious;
“(4) such alternative means can lead to more creative, efficient, and sensible outcomes;
“(5) such alternative means may be used advantageously in a wide variety of administrative programs;
“(6) explicit authorization of the use of well-tested dispute resolution techniques will eliminate ambiguity of agency authority under existing law;
“(7) Federal agencies may not only receive the benefit of techniques that were developed in the private sector, but may also take the lead in the further development and refinement of such techniques; and
“(8) the availability of a wide range of dispute resolution procedures, and an increased understanding of the most effective use of such procedures, will enhance the operation of the Government and better serve the public.”
Section 3 of Pub. L. 101–552, as amended by Pub. L. 104–320, §4(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3871, provided that:
“(a) Promulgation of Agency Policy.—Each agency shall adopt a policy that addresses the use of alternative means of dispute resolution and case management. In developing such a policy, each agency shall—
“(1) consult with the agency designated by, or the interagency committee designated or established by, the President under section 573 of title 5, United States Code, to facilitate and encourage agency use of alternative dispute resolution under subchapter IV of chapter 5 of such title; and
“(2) examine alternative means of resolving disputes in connection with—
“(A) formal and informal adjudications;
“(B) rulemakings;
“(C) enforcement actions;
“(D) issuing and revoking licenses or permits;
“(E) contract administration;
“(F) litigation brought by or against the agency; and
“(G) other agency actions.
“(b) Dispute Resolution Specialists.—The head of each agency shall designate a senior official to be the dispute resolution specialist of the agency. Such official shall be responsible for the implementation of—
“(1) the provisions of this Act [see Short Title note above] and the amendments made by this Act; and
“(2) the agency policy developed under subsection (a).
“(c) Training.—Each agency shall provide for training on a regular basis for the dispute resolution specialist of the agency and other employees involved in implementing the policy of the agency developed under subsection (a). Such training should encompass the theory and practice of negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or related techniques. The dispute resolution specialist shall periodically recommend to the agency head agency employees who would benefit from similar training.
“(d) Procedures for Grants and Contracts.—
“(1) Each agency shall review each of its standard agreements for contracts, grants, and other assistance and shall determine whether to amend any such standard agreements to authorize and encourage the use of alternative means of dispute resolution.
“(2)(A) Within 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 15, 1990], the Federal Acquisition Regulation shall be amended, as necessary, to carry out this Act [see Short Title note above] and the amendments made by this Act.
“(B) For purposes of this section, the term ‘Federal Acquisition Regulation’ means the single system of Government-wide procurement regulation referred to in section 6(a) of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act ([former] 41 U.S.C. 405(a)) [now 41 U.S.C. 1121(a) to (c)(1)].”
Section 9 of Pub. L. 101–552 provided that:
“(a) Representation of Parties.—Each agency, in developing a policy on the use of alternative means of dispute resolution under this Act [see Short Title note above], shall develop a policy with regard to the representation by persons other than attorneys of parties in alternative dispute resolution proceedings and shall identify any of its administrative programs with numerous claims or disputes before the agency and determine—
“(1) the extent to which individuals are represented or assisted by attorneys or by persons who are not attorneys; and
“(2) whether the subject areas of the applicable proceedings or the procedures are so complex or specialized that only attorneys may adequately provide such representation or assistance.
“(b) Representation and Assistance by Nonattorneys.—A person who is not an attorney may provide representation or assistance to any individual in a claim or dispute with an agency, if—
“(1) such claim or dispute concerns an administrative program identified under subsection (a);
“(2) such agency determines that the proceeding or procedure does not necessitate representation or assistance by an attorney under subsection (a)(2); and
“(3) such person meets any requirement of the agency to provide representation or assistance in such a claim or dispute.
“(c) Disqualification of Representation or Assistance.—Any agency that adopts regulations under subchapter IV of chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code, to permit representation or assistance by persons who are not attorneys shall review the rules of practice before such agency to—
“(1) ensure that any rules pertaining to disqualification of attorneys from practicing before the agency shall also apply, as appropriate, to other persons who provide representation or assistance; and
“(2) establish effective agency procedures for enforcing such rules of practice and for receiving complaints from affected persons.”
Section 10 of Pub. L. 101–552, as amended by Pub. L. 102–354, §5(b)(6), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 946, provided that: “As used in this Act [see Short Title note above], the terms ‘agency’, ‘administrative program’, and ‘alternative means of dispute resolution’ have the meanings given such terms in section 571 of title 5, United States Code (enacted as section 581 of title 5, United States Code, by section 4(b) of this Act, and redesignated as section 571 of such title by section 3(b) of the Administrative Procedure Technical Amendments Act of 1991 [Pub. L. 102–354]).”
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2739, §582; renumbered §572, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944.)
(c) The President shall designate an agency or designate or establish an interagency committee to facilitate and encourage agency use of dispute resolution under this subchapter. Such agency or interagency committee, in consultation with other appropriate Federal agencies and professional organizations experienced in matters concerning dispute resolution, shall—
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2739, §583; renumbered §573, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944; amended Pub. L. 104–320, §7(b), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3872.)
1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–320, §7(b)(1), added subsec. (c) and struck out former subsec. (c) which related to power of Administrative Conference of the United States to establish and utilize standards for neutrals and to enter into contracts for services of neutrals.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–320, §7(b)(2), struck out “on a roster established under subsection (c)(2) or a roster maintained by other public or private organizations, or individual” after “contract with any person”.
1992—Pub. L. 102–354 renumbered section 583 of this title as this section.
§574. Confidentiality
(a) Except as provided in subsections (d) and (e), a neutral in a dispute resolution proceeding shall not voluntarily disclose or through discovery or compulsory process be required to disclose any dispute resolution communication or any communication provided in confidence to the neutral, unless—
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2740, §584; renumbered §574, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944; amended Pub. L. 104–320, §3, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3870.)
1996—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 104–320, §3(a), in introductory provisions struck out “any information concerning” after “be required to disclose”.
Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 104–320, §3(b), amended par. (7) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (7) read as follows: “the dispute resolution communication was provided to or was available to all parties to the dispute resolution proceeding”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–320, §3(c), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 104–320, §3(d), amended subsec. (j) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (j) read as follows: “This section shall not be considered a statute specifically exempting disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of this title.”
1992—Pub. L. 102–354 renumbered section 584 of this title as this section.
§575. Authorization of arbitration
(a)(1) Arbitration may be used as an alternative means of dispute resolution whenever all parties consent. Consent may be obtained either before or after an issue in controversy has arisen. A party may agree to—
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2742, §585; renumbered §575, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944; amended Pub. L. 104–320, §8(c), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3872.)
1996—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104–320, §8(c)(1), (2), substituted “The” for “Any” and inserted at end “Each such arbitration agreement shall specify a maximum award that may be issued by the arbitrator and may specify other conditions limiting the range of possible outcomes.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–320, §8(c)(3), in introductory provisions substituted “shall not offer to use arbitration for the resolution of issues in controversy unless” for “may offer to use arbitration for the resolution of issues in controversy, if”, and in par. (1) substituted “would otherwise have authority” for “has authority”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–320, §8(c)(4), added subsec. (c).
§576. Enforcement of arbitration agreements
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2742, §586; renumbered §576, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944.)
Section 576 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2260 of Title 7, Agriculture, and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10418(a)(3), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 507.
A prior section 576 was renumbered section 596 of this title.
§577. Arbitrators
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2742, §587; renumbered §577 and amended Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), (3), Aug. 26, 1992, 102 Stat. 944, 945.)
1992—Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), renumbered section 587 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(3), substituted “section 573” for “section 583”.
§578. Authority of the arbitrator
An arbitrator to whom a dispute is referred under this subchapter may—
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2742, §588; renumbered §578, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944.)
1992—Pub. L. 102–354 renumbered section 588 of this title as this section.
§579. Arbitration proceedings
(b) Any party wishing a record of the hearing shall—
(e) The arbitrator shall make the award within 30 days after the close of the hearing, or the date of the filing of any briefs authorized by the arbitrator, whichever date is later, unless—
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2742, §589; renumbered §579, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944.)
1992—Pub. L. 102–354 renumbered section 589 of this title as this section.
§580. Arbitration awards
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2743, §590; renumbered §580 and amended Pub. L. 102–354, §§3(b)(2), 5(b)(3), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944, 946; Pub. L. 104–320, §8(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3872.)
1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–320, §8(a), redesignated subsec. (d) as (c) and struck out former subsec. (c) which read as follows: “The head of any agency that is a party to an arbitration proceeding conducted under this subchapter is authorized to terminate the arbitration proceeding or vacate any award issued pursuant to the proceeding before the award becomes final by serving on all other parties a written notice to that effect, in which case the award shall be null and void. Notice shall be provided to all parties to the arbitration proceeding of any request by a party, nonparty participant or other person that the agency head terminate the arbitration proceeding or vacate the award. An employee or agent engaged in the performance of investigative or prosecuting functions for an agency may not, in that or a factually related case, advise in a decision under this subsection to terminate an arbitration proceeding or to vacate an arbitral award, except as witness or counsel in public proceedings.”
Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 104–320, §8(a)(2), redesignated subsec. (e) as (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (c).
Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 104–320, §8(a)(1), struck out subsecs. (f) and (g) which read as follows:
“(g) If an agency head vacates an award under subsection (c), a party to the arbitration (other than the United States) may within 30 days of such action petition the agency head for an award of fees and other expenses (as defined in section 504(b)(1)(A) of this title) incurred in connection with the arbitration proceeding. The agency head shall award the petitioning party those fees and expenses that would not have been incurred in the absence of such arbitration proceeding, unless the agency head or his or her designee finds that special circumstances make such an award unjust. The procedures for reviewing applications for awards shall, where appropriate, be consistent with those set forth in subsection (a)(2) and (3) of section 504 of this title. Such fees and expenses shall be paid from the funds of the agency that vacated the award.”
1992—Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), renumbered section 590 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 102–354, §5(b)(3), substituted “fees and other expenses” for “attorney fees and expenses”.
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2744, §591; renumbered §581 and amended Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), (4), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944, 945; Pub. L. 104–320, §8(b), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3872.)
Section 10(b) of title 9, referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 10(c) of title 9 by Pub. L. 107–169, §1(4), May 7, 2002, 116 Stat. 132.
1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–320, which directed that section 581(d) of this title be amended by striking “(1)” after “(b)” and by striking par. (2), was executed to subsec. (b) of this section to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: “A decision by the head of an agency under section 580 to terminate an arbitration proceeding or vacate an arbitral award shall be committed to the discretion of the agency and shall not be subject to judicial review.”
1992—Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), renumbered section 591 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(4), substituted “section 580” for “section 590”.
[§582. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–320, §4(b)(1), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3871]
Section, added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2744, §592; renumbered §582, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944, related to compilation of data on use of alternative means of dispute resolution in conducting agency proceedings.
§583. Support services
For the purposes of this subchapter, an agency may use (with or without reimbursement) the services and facilities of other Federal agencies, State, local, and tribal governments, public and private organizations and agencies, and individuals, with the consent of such agencies, organizations, and individuals. An agency may accept voluntary and uncompensated services for purposes of this subchapter without regard to the provisions of section 1342 of title 31.
(Added Pub. L. 101–552, §4(b), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2745, §593; renumbered §583, Pub. L. 102–354, §3(b)(2), Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 944; amended Pub. L. 104–320, §5, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3871.)
Prior sections 583 to 590 were renumbered sections 573 to 580 of this title, respectively.
Other prior sections 583 to 590 were renumbered sections 563 to 570 of this title, respectively.
1996—Pub. L. 104–320 inserted “State, local, and tribal governments,” after “other Federal agencies,”.
1992—Pub. L. 102–354 renumbered section 593 of this title as this section.
§584. Authorization of appropriations
(Added Pub. L. 104–320, §10(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3873.)