Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US8089913?dq=6,263,507
Timestamp: 2017-09-19 12:15:41
Document Index: 283214582

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 15', 'art 15', 'art 16', 'application No. 200380101286', 'application No. 2003239577', 'art 16', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 16', 'art 11', 'art 16', 'application No. 200380105267', 'Application No. 03814391', 'Application No. 2004', 'application No. 03814391', 'application No. 03734136', 'application No. 03759271', 'application No. 03759271', 'application No. 200380101286', 'Application No. 200380101286', 'application No. 03814391']

Patent US8089913 - Physical layer repeater with selective use of higher layer functions based ... - Google Patents
A physical layer frequency translating repeater for use in a wireless network can include a baseband section with demodulator, a processor and a memory. A portion of a packet for repeating can be processed during a physical layer repeating operation and a higher layer function performed without modification...http://www.google.com/patents/US8089913?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8089913 - Physical layer repeater with selective use of higher layer functions based on network operating conditions
Publication number US8089913 B2
Application number US 11/790,933
Also published as US7230935, US20060183421, US20070286110
Publication number 11790933, 790933, US 8089913 B2, US 8089913B2, US-B2-8089913, US8089913 B2, US8089913B2
Inventors James A. Proctor, Jr., Kenneth M. Gainey, Carlos M. Puig, James C. Otto, Lawrence W. LaMont, Jr.
Patent Citations (317), Non-Patent Citations (110), Referenced by (10), Classifications (12), Legal Events (4)
Physical layer repeater with selective use of higher layer functions based on network operating conditions
US 8089913 B2
A physical layer frequency translating repeater for use in a wireless network can include a baseband section with demodulator, a processor and a memory. A portion of a packet for repeating can be processed during a physical layer repeating operation and a higher layer function performed without modification of an address. A received signal can be processed on a symbol-by-symbol basis in a first symbol interval, and regenerated after at least a second symbol interval and prior to completion of the demodulating the received signal. A hybrid network device can include a network node portion and a physical layer repeater portion.
The present invention is continuation of and claims the benefit of priority of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/339,838, filed Jan. 26, 2006, which is a is continuation-in-part of and claims the benefit of priority of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/531,077, filed on Apr. 12, 2005 and entitled WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK REPEATER WITH IN-BAND CONTROL CHANNEL, which in turn is a 371 application of International Application PCT/US03/31515, filed on Oct. 24, 2003 and entitled WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK REPEATER WITH IN-BAND CONTROL CHANNEL, which designated the U.S. and which in turn claimed priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/420,449, filed on Oct. 24, 2002 and entitled IN-BAND CONTROL CHANNEL METHOD FOR AN RF REPEATER FOR WLAN, the contents of each of the above applications being incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates generally to wireless local area networks (WLANs) and, more particularly, to selection of higher layer operation for a frequency translating physical layer repeater connecting a client to an Access Point (AP) based on operating conditions.
Because of the increasing popularity of unrestrained access to broadband services by, for example, portable computing devices, there is an increasing need to extend the range of nodes such as access points associated with wireless networks, including but not limited to WLANs and wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs) described and specified in the 802.11, 802.16 and 802.20 standards. The effective proliferation of wireless networks depends heavily on sustaining and increasing performance levels as user demands increase.
However, for pure physical layer repeaters, problems and complications can arise in that the random packet nature of typical WLAN protocols provides no defined receive and transmit periods. Further, when a series of repeaters are coupled together to serve a client, delays due to cascaded repeating can cause packet acknowledgements (ACKs) to be delayed. Because of delayed ACKs and because packets from each wireless network node are spontaneously generated and transmitted and are not temporally predictable, undesirable consequences such as packet collisions may occur. Some remedies exist to address such difficulties, such as, for example, collision avoidance and random back-off protocols, which are used to avoid two or more nodes transmitting packets at the same time. Under the 802.11 standard protocol, for example, a distributed coordination function (DCF) or other schemes may be used for collision avoidance. However, as the size of a mesh or other network increases, as measured by, for example, the number of “hops,” the amount of delay associated with each hop and the likelihood of at least some delay in the return of ACKs or the like makes pure physical layer processing for individual repeaters prone to possible error as timeouts may occur before higher layer protocol messages can be transferred back and forth along the repeated network paths.
A physical layer frequency translating repeater of the present invention, referred to hereinafter as “physical layer repeater” or “repeater,” solves the problems of delay using basic physical layer functionality in conjunction with selective or adaptive higher layer functionality at least part of the time during operation. By providing higher layer functionality, the repeater provides enhanced capabilities and remedies problems by, for example, eliminating delays in processing protocol messages such as ACKs and the like and providing additional intelligence. If more than one AP, repeater or client is present on different channels within the WLAN environment, the repeater may be wirelessly connected to the desired AP in a number of manners, as will be described in greater detail below. The exact degree of higher layer operation can be provided by a configuration determined by a processor through a setting, an analysis of the operating environment, a physical or software slide bar switch or the equivalent.
To alleviate the difficulties noted above, the repeater of the present invention is configured to assume responsibility for the acknowledgments of physical layer packets toward the sender, which is typically a layer 2 function. However, packet retransmission can be begun, but is not required to be begun prior to complete reception of the packet in order to preserve the advantages of physical layer operation such as speed. Packets can further be regenerated to ensure high network performance and layer 2 functionality can be included for each node including the repeater. Regeneration allows any signal degradation in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to be removed prior to retransmission and allows greater receiver sensitivity to be achieved. It should be noted that when the repeater is configured for regeneration, a delay corresponding to the demodulation time associated with at least one symbol of the packet must be incurred—typically around 4 μsecs. Since such a duration would exceed a packet acknowledgement (ACK) timeout interval, the repeater should be configured to be “immune” to timeouts and should be able to supply ACKs to senders to avoid protocol conflicts.
Also as noted above, the physical layer repeater must be configured to take responsibility for ACK generation if address filtering is used. For example, a repeater unit in a lightly loaded or sparse network may use pure physical layer repeating while a unit in a dense network such as a multi tenant dwelling might need to filter packets to reduce the overall congestion in the network due to a “merging” of the collision domains which occur in pure physical layer repeating operations.
The physical layer repeater is capable of performing pure physical layer repeating, capable of performing layer 2 repeating and in some cases layer 3 repeating. The degree of functionality can be established along a sliding scale such that the modes of repeating operation are set based on network conditions or is based instructions received from other wireless nodes. Additional higher layer features can also be added such as the ability to operate as an “associated” client in addition to operating as a hybrid repeating device. For example, a data port could be added to the repeating device such that the repeater unit can act as a network node repeating to other devices, while also being able to receive packets individually addressed to the repeater. Such packets could include data destined to a multimedia device, stereo device, or another type of data device such as a computer or the like. Examples of such a device could include a wireless speaker, a television, a stereo, a video surveillance camera, or a touch screen computer for use in a refrigerator or in the kitchen.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a wireless local area network WLAN 100 is shown. WLAN 100 could be, for example, an in-home network configured in a residence 110 with an external broadband connection 101 from a broadband service provider such as a cable company, telephone company or the like. The broadband connection 101 can be coupled to a conversion device such as a MODEM 111, such as a cable modem, router or the like and provides a wired or wireless Ethernet connection to, for example, a wireless access point (AP) 112. In a typical repeating scenario, a first link 113 can be established between the AP 112 and a physical layer repeater 120 located in a suitable area of the residence 110 so that repeating can be conducted, for example, over a second link 114 to a client device 115 such as a PC enabled with an 802.11 interface, such as a WiFi interface or the like.
In an alternative embodiment, a non-frequency translating approach may be used with a physical layer/hybrid repeater in connection with the use of household wiring as described in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/465,817 entitled “WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK USING EXISTING WIRING AND WIRELESS REPEATER MODULES,” and under protocols such as 802.16 as described for example, in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/127,320 entitled “NON-FREQUENCY TRANSLATING REPEATER WITH DETECTION AND MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL,” the contents of both applications being incorporated herein by reference.
The present application is also related to U.S. National Stage application Ser. No. 10/529,037 based on International Application PCT/US03/28558 entitled “WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK WITH REPEATER FOR ENHANCING NETWORK COVERAGE,” the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The repeating techniques described in application Ser. No. 10/529,037 may be applied in a non-frequency translating approach where they are directed to, for example, MAC addressing. Other techniques described in application Ser. No. 10/529,037 may be less related to a non-frequency translating approach such as receiver to transmitter isolation and the like. However, it should be noted that in both a frequency translating approach and a non-frequency translating approach, the MAC addresses of the source and destination are not modified and thereby provide greater suitability for pure physical layer repeating.
To appreciate the operation of the physical layer repeater 200, two scenarios 210 and 220 are shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D. In a pure PHY layer mode of operation, as shown in scenario 210, a configuration 211 is shown in FIG. 2A where a signal is received on a first frequency F1 and repeated on a second frequency F2. The flow diagram 212 of FIG. 2B shows that the packets are essentially received and transmitted at the same time. The packets are transferred with less then 1 microsecond of delay since the repeater is configured in the pure physical layer mode to repeat “instantly.” While simultaneous receive and transmit is not an absolute requirement for a PHY layer repeater it provides significant advantages.
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Cooperative Classification H04B7/15521, H04W4/18, H04B7/15542, H04W76/02, H04W84/12, H04W88/04, H04W80/00
European Classification H04B7/155D, H04B7/155F2, H04W88/04
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PROCTOR, JAMES A, JR;GAINEY, KENNETH M;PUIG, CARLOS M;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:020556/0620;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060410 TO 20060411
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PROCTOR, JAMES A, JR;GAINEY, KENNETH M;PUIG, CARLOS M;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060410 TO 20060411;REEL/FRAME:020556/0620