Source: http://www.legis.state.ak.us/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=11.71&secEnd=11.71.900
Timestamp: 2020-08-13 11:35:43
Document Index: 770054274

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 138', '§ 179', '§ 138', '§ 2', '§ 12', '§ 1308', '§ 1', '§ 40']

Article 1. Offenses Relating to Controlled Substances.
Chapter 71. Controlled Substances.
Sec. 11.71.010. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the first degree.
(a) Except as authorized in AS 17.30, a person commits the crime of misconduct involving a controlled substance in the first degree if the person
(1) delivers any amount of a schedule IA controlled substance to a person under 19 years of age who is at least three years younger than the person delivering the substance;
(2) delivers any amount of a schedule IIA or IIIA controlled substance to a person under 19 years of age who is at least three years younger than the person delivering the substance; or
(3) engages in a continuing criminal enterprise.
(b) For purposes of this section, a person is engaged in a "continuing criminal enterprise" if
(1) the person commits a violation of this chapter which is punishable as a felony; and
(2) that violation is a part of a continuing series of five or more violations of this chapter
(A) which the person undertakes in concert with at least five other persons organized, supervised, or otherwise managed by the person; and
(B) from which the person obtains substantial income or resources.
(c) Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the first degree is an unclassified felony and is punishable as provided in AS 12.55.
Sec. 11.71.020. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the second degree.
Sec. 11.71.021. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the second degree.
(a) Except as authorized in AS 17.30, a person commits the crime of misconduct involving a controlled substance in the second degree if the person
(1) manufactures or delivers any amount of a schedule IA controlled substance or possesses any amount of a schedule IA controlled substance with intent to manufacture or deliver;
(2) manufactures any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains
(A) methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; or
(B) an immediate precursor of methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers;
(3) possesses an immediate precursor of methamphetamine, or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers of the immediate precursor of methamphetamine, with the intent to manufacture any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers;
(4) possesses a listed chemical with intent to manufacture any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains
(5) possesses methamphetamine in an organic solution with intent to extract from it methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; or
(6) under circumstances not proscribed under AS 11.71.010(a)(2), delivers
(A) an immediate precursor of methamphetamine, or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers of the immediate precursor of methamphetamine, to another person with reckless disregard that the precursor will be used to manufacture any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; or
(B) a listed chemical to another person with reckless disregard that the listed chemical will be used to manufacture any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains
(i) methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers;
(ii) an immediate precursor of methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers; or
(iii) methamphetamine, or its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers in an organic solution.
(b) In a prosecution under (a) of this section, possession of more than six grams of the listed chemicals ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers of those chemicals is prima facie evidence that the person intended to use the listed chemicals to manufacture, to aid or abet another person to manufacture, or to deliver to another person who intends to manufacture methamphetamine, its immediate precursors, or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers of methamphetamine or its immediate precursors. The prima facie evidence described in this subsection does not apply to a person who possesses
(1) the listed chemicals ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers of those chemicals
(A) and the listed chemical was dispensed to the person under a valid prescription; or
(B) in the ordinary course of a legitimate business, or an employee of a legitimate business, as a
(2) less than 24 grams of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers of those chemicals, kept in a locked storage area on the premises of a legitimate business or nonprofit organization operating a camp, lodge, school, day care center, treatment center, or other organized group activity, and the location or nature of the activity, or the age of the participants, makes it impractical for the participants in the activity to obtain medicinal products.
(c) In this section, "listed chemical" means a chemical described under AS 11.71.200.
(d) Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the second degree is a class A felony.
Sec. 11.71.030. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the third degree.
(1) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(2) delivers any amount of a schedule IVA, VA, or VIA controlled substance to a person under 19 years of age who is at least three years younger than the person delivering the substance;
(4) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(5) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(6) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(7) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(8) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(9) under circumstances not proscribed under AS 11.71.021(a)(2) — (6), manufactures or delivers any amount of a schedule IIA or IIIA controlled substance or possesses any amount of a schedule IIA or IIIA controlled substance with intent to manufacture or deliver.
(c) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(d) Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the third degree is a class B felony.
(e) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
Sec. 11.71.040. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the fourth degree.
(a) Except as authorized in AS 17.30 and AS 17.38, a person commits the crime of misconduct involving a controlled substance in the fourth degree if the person
(1) manufactures or delivers any amount of a schedule IVA or VA controlled substance or possesses any amount of a schedule IVA or VA controlled substance with intent to manufacture or deliver;
(2) manufactures or delivers, or possesses with the intent to manufacture or deliver, one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures, or substances of an aggregate weight of one ounce or more containing a schedule VIA controlled substance;
(3) possesses any amount of a schedule IA controlled substance listed in AS 11.71.140(e);
(4) possesses a schedule IIIA, IVA, VA, or VIA controlled substance
(5) knowingly keeps or maintains any store, shop, warehouse, dwelling, building, vehicle, boat, aircraft, or other structure or place that is used for keeping or distributing controlled substances in violation of a felony offense under this chapter or AS 17.30;
(6) makes, delivers, or possesses a punch, die, plate, stone, or other thing that prints, imprints, or reproduces a trademark, trade name, or other identifying mark, imprint, or device of another or any likeness of any of these on a drug, drug container, or labeling so as to render the drug a counterfeit substance;
(7) knowingly uses in the course of the manufacture or distribution of a controlled substance a registration number that is fictitious, revoked, suspended, or issued to another person;
(8) knowingly furnishes false or fraudulent information in or omits material information from any application, report, record, or other document required to be kept or filed under AS 17.30;
(9) obtains possession of a controlled substance by misrepresentation, fraud, forgery, deception, or subterfuge;
(10) affixes a false or forged label to a package or other container containing any controlled substance;
(11) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(12) violates AS 11.71.050(a)(4) and, within the preceding 10 years, has been previously convicted of a crime under AS 11.71.050(a)(4), or a law or ordinance in this or another jurisdiction with elements similar to AS 11.71.050(a)(4).
(b) It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under (a)(4)(A) of this section that the prohibited conduct took place entirely within a private residence located within 500 feet of the school grounds or recreation or youth center. Nothing in this subsection precludes a prosecution under any other provision of this section or any other section of this chapter.
(c) Nothing in (a)(5) or (6) of this section precludes a prosecution or civil proceeding brought under any other provision of this section or any other section of this chapter or under AS 17.
(d) Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the fourth degree is a class C felony.
Sec. 11.71.050. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the fifth degree.
(a) Except as authorized in AS 17.30 and AS 17.38, a person commits the crime of misconduct involving a controlled substance in the fifth degree if the person
(1) manufactures or delivers, or possesses with the intent to manufacture or deliver, one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures, or substances of an aggregate weight of less than one ounce containing a schedule VIA controlled substance;
(2) [Repealed, § 179 ch 36 SLA 2016.]
(3) fails to make, keep, or furnish any record, notification, order form, statement, invoice, or information required under AS 17.30;
(4) under circumstances not proscribed under AS 11.71.030(a)(3), 11.71.040(a)(3), or 11.71.040(a)(4) possesses any amount of a schedule IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA, or VA controlled substance; or
(5) under circumstances not proscribed under AS 11.71.040(a)(4), possesses one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures, or substances of an aggregate weight of one ounce or more containing a schedule VIA controlled substance.
(b) Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the fifth degree is a class A misdemeanor.
Sec. 11.71.060. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the sixth degree.
(a) Except as authorized in AS 17.30 or AS 17.38, a person commits the crime of misconduct involving a controlled substance in the sixth degree if the person
(1) uses or displays any amount of a schedule VIA controlled substance;
(2) possesses one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures, or substances of an aggregate weight of
(A) less than one ounce containing a schedule VIA controlled substance;
(B) [Repealed, § 138 ch 4 FSSLA 2019.]
(3) refuses entry into a premise for an inspection authorized under AS 17.30.
(b) Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the sixth degree is a class B misdemeanor.
Sec. 11.71.070. Misconduct involving a controlled substance in the seventh degree. [Repealed effective March 3, 1991, 1990 Initiative Proposal No. 2, § 2.]
Sec. 11.71.080. Aggregate weight of live marijuana plants.
For purposes of calculating the aggregate weight of a live marijuana plant, the aggregate weight shall be one-sixth of the measured weight of the marijuana plant after the roots of the marijuana plant have been removed.
Sec. 11.71.090. Affirmative defense to a prosecution under AS 11.71.030 — 11.71.060; medical use of marijuana.
(a) In a prosecution under AS 11.71.030 — 11.71.060 charging the manufacture, delivery, possession, possession with intent to manufacture or deliver, use, or display of a schedule VIA controlled substance, it is an affirmative defense that the defendant is a patient, or the primary caregiver or alternate caregiver for a patient, and
(1) at the time of the manufacture, delivery, possession, possession with intent to manufacture or deliver, use, or display, the patient was registered under AS 17.37;
Sec. 11.71.110. Duties of committee.
(1) advise the governor of the need to add, delete, or reschedule substances in the schedules in AS 11.71.140 — 11.71.190;
(5) review and evaluate enforcement policies and practices of the Department of Public Safety and the Department of Law with regard to crimes involving controlled substances, and recommend modifications of those policies and practices consistent with the committee's assessment of the probable danger of particular controlled substances;
(C) regulating the legitimate handling of controlled substances; and
(7) advise the attorney general of the need to schedule substances by emergency regulation.
Sec. 11.71.125. Emergency substance scheduling.
(a) The attorney general may, by regulation, schedule a substance under this chapter regardless of whether the substance is substantially similar to a controlled substance listed in AS 11.71.140 — 11.71.180, if the attorney general finds that scheduling the substance on an emergency basis is necessary to avoid an immediate hazard to public safety.
(b) In determining whether to schedule a substance on an emergency basis, or repeal an emergency regulation that scheduled a substance, the attorney general shall
(1) assess the degree of danger or probable danger of the substance by considering the
(A) actual or probable abuse of the substance including the
(i) history and current pattern of abuse;
(ii) scope, duration, and significance of abuse of the substance; and
(iii) degree of actual or possible detriment that may result from abuse of the substance; and
(B) risk to public health;
(2) consider whether the substance has been scheduled on a temporary basis under federal law and may consider clandestine importation, manufacture, or distribution of the substance;
(3) consult with the Controlled Substances Advisory Committee established under AS 11.71.100; and
(4) consult with the chief medical officer in the Department of Health and Social Services.
(c) The attorney general may schedule a substance by emergency regulation under this section only if the substance is currently listed on a federal controlled substance schedule.
(d) The attorney general shall clearly indicate in an emergency regulation that schedules a substance the appropriate schedule under this chapter that applies to the substance.
(e) The attorney general shall post a notice on the Alaska Online Public Notice System (AS 44.62.175) 60 days before the effective date of an emergency regulation that schedules a substance. The notice must include
(1) a summary of the attorney general's findings under (b) of this section; and
(2) the finding required for an emergency regulation under AS 44.62.250(b).
(f) The attorney general may not adopt an emergency regulation under this section that schedules an alcoholic beverage as defined in AS 04.21.080, marijuana as defined in AS 17.38.900, or tobacco.
(g) An emergency regulation adopted under this section is subject to the requirements in AS 44.62.260(c).
(42) moramide-intermediate, 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1, 1-diphenyl-propane-carboxylic acid;
(51) pethidine-intermediate-C, 1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid;
(67) alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(alpha-methyl-beta-phenyl)-ethyl-4-piperidyl] propionanilide; 1-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-4(N-propanilido) piperidine);
(73) 3-methylfentanyl (N-[3-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenylpropanamide);
(74) acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(1-methyl-2-phenetnyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylacetamide);
(77) beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenethyl)-3-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide);
(78) 3-methylthiofentanyl (N-[(3-methyl-l-(2-thienyl)ethyl-4-piperidinyl]-N-phenylpropanamide);
(81) PEPAP (1-(-2-pheynethyl)-4-phenyl-4-acetoxypiperidine) ;
(1) gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) (some other names include gamma-hydroxybutyrate; 4-hydroxybutyrate; 4-hydroxybutanoic acid; sodium oxybate; sodium oxybutyrate);
Sec. 11.71.150. Schedule IIA.
(a) A substance shall be placed in schedule IIA if it is found under AS 11.71.120(c) to have a degree of danger or probable danger to a person or the public which is less than substances listed in schedule IA, but higher than substances listed in schedule IIIA.
(b) Schedule IIA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following hallucinogenic substances, or which contains any of its salts, isomers, whether optical, position, or geometric, or salts of isomers whenever the existence of these salts, isomers, or salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(1) 4-bromo-2, 5-dimethoxy-amphetamine, also known as 4-bromo-2, 5-dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine and 4-bromo-2, DMA;
(2) 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, also known as 2,5-dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine and 2,5-DMA;
(3) 4-methoxyamphetamine, also known as 4-methoxy-a-methylphenethylamine and paramethoxyamphetamine, PMA;
(4) 5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine;
(5) 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxy-amphetamine, also known as 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine;
(6) 3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine;
(7) 3,4,5-trimethoxy amphetamine;
(8) bufotenine, also known as 3-(B-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-hydroxyindole, 3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-indolol, N, N-dimethylserotonin; 5-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine, and mappine;
(9) diethyltryptamine, also known as N, N-diethyltryptamine and DET;
(10) dimethyltryptamine, also known as DMT;
(11) ibogaine, also known as 7-ethyl-6, 6B, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13-octahydro-2-methoxy-6, 9-methano-5H-pyrido [1´,2´: 1, 2] azepino [5, 4-b] indole and tabernanthe iboga;
(12) lysergic acid diethylamide, also known as LSD;
(17) analogs of phencyclidine (PCP), including:
(A) ethylamine analog, also known by some trade or other names as follows: N-ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexylamine (1-phenylcyclohexyl)-ethylamine, N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)ethylamine, cyclohexamine, PCE;
(B) pyrrolidine analog, also known by some trade or other names as follows: 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-pyrrolidine, PCPY, PHP;
(C) thiophene analog, also known as 1-[1-(2-thienyl) cyclohexyl]piperidine and 2-thienylanalog of phencyclidine, TPCP, and TCP;
(D) 1-[1-(2-thienyl)-cyclohexyl]-pyrrolidine, also known as TCPy;
(20) 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).
(c) Schedule IIA includes cocaine or coca leaves, and any salt, compound, derivative, mixture, isomer, ester, ether, or preparation of cocaine or coca leaves produced directly or indirectly by extraction from coca leaves, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, including the isomers, salts, and salts of isomers of cocaine and other derivatives of coca leaves whenever the existence of these esters, ethers, isomers or salts is possible, but does not include decocainized coca leaves or extractions of coca leaves which do not contain cocaine or ecgonine.
(d) Schedule IIA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers whenever the existence of these salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(2) mandrix or mandrax;
(3) mecloqualone;
(4) methaqualone;
(5) pentobarbital;
(6) phencyclidine, also known as PCP;
(7) secobarbital.
(e) Schedule IIA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the nervous system:
(5) fenethylline;
(7) 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine, also known as N-ethyl-alpha-methyl-3,4(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine, N-ethyl MDA, MDE, and MDEA;
(8) N-hydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, also known as N-hydroxy-alpha-methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine, and N-hydroxy MDA;
(9) 4-methylaminorex, also known as 2-amino-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline;
(10) N,N-dimethylamphetamine, also known as N,N,alpha-trimethylybenzencethaneamine or N,N,alpha-trimethylphenethyline, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers;
(11) cathinone;
(12) 2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one, also known as methcathinone and cat, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of isomers;
(13) 4-methylmethcathinone, also known as mephedrone, its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers;
(14) 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone, also known as MDPV, its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers;
(15) substituted cathinones, including any compound, except bupropion or a compound listed in another schedule, structurally derived from 2-amino-1-phenyl-1-propanone by modification in any of the following ways:
(A) by substitution in the phenyl ring to any extent with alkyl, alkoxy, alkylenedioxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, or halide substituents, whether or not further substituted in the phenyl ring by one or more other univalent substituents;
(C) by substitution at the nitrogen atom with alkyl or dialkyl groups or by inclusion of the nitrogen atom in a cyclic structure.
(f) Schedule IIA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances:
(1) immediate precursor to amphetamine and methamphetamine: phenylacetone also known as phenyl-2-propanone; P2P; benzyl methyl ketone; methyl benzyl ketone;
(2) immediate precursors to phencyclidine, also known as PCP:
(A) 1-phencylclohexylamine;
(B) 1-piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile, also known as PCC.
Sec. 11.71.160. Schedule IIIA.
(a) A substance shall be placed in schedule IIIA if it is found under AS 11.71.120(c) to have a degree of danger or probable danger to a person or the public less than the substances listed in schedule IIA but higher than substances listed in schedule IVA.
(4) [Repealed, § 12 ch 76 SLA 1990.]
(6) any compound, mixture, or preparation in dosage unit form containing any stimulant substance listed in schedule IIA, which compound, mixture, or preparation was listed on August 25, 1971, as an excepted compound under 21 C.F.R. § 1308.32, and any other drug of the quantitative composition shown in that list for those substances, or which is the same except that it contains a lesser quantity of any controlled substance.
(f) Schedule IIIA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances or that contains any of its salts, isomers, whether optical, position, or geometric, or salts of isomers whenever the existence of those salts, isomers, or salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(5) dronabinol (synthetic) in sesame oil and encapsulated in a soft gelatin capsule in a U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved drug product;
(6) nabilone;
(7) (6aR,10aR)-9-(hydroxymethyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)-6a,7,10, 10a-tetrahydrobenzo[c]chromen-1-ol, also known as HU-210;
(8) (6aS,10aS)-9-(hydroxymethyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)-6a,7,10, 10a-tetrahydrobenzo[c]chromen-1-ol, also known as Dexanabinol or HU-211;
(9) 1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole, also known as JWH-018;
(10) 1-Butyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole, also known as JWH-073;
(11) (2-methyl-1-propyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone, also known as JWH-015;
(12) 1-pentyl-3-(4-chloro-1-naphthoyl)indole, also known as JWH-398;
(13) 1-pentyl-3-(2-methoxyphenylacetyl)indole, also known as JWH-250;
(14) 1-hexyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole, also known as JWH-019;
(15) 1-(2-(4-(morpholinyl)ethyl))-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole, also known as JWH-200;
(16) 2-[(1R,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-5-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)phenol, also known as CP 47, 497, and its dimethyloctyl (C8) homologue; in this paragraph, "homologue" means a chemical compound in a series in which each compound differs by one or more alkyl functional groups on an alkyl side chain.
Sec. 11.71.170. Schedule IVA.
(a) A substance shall be placed in schedule IVA if it is found under AS 11.71.120(c) to have a degree of danger or probable danger to a person or the public which is less than the substances listed in schedule IIIA, but higher than the substances listed in schedule VA.
(b) Schedule IVA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances, including their salts, isomers and salts of isomers whenever the existence of these salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(4) chlordiazepoxide;
(8) ethclorvynol;
(11) lorazepam;
(12) mebutamate;
(13) meprobamate;
(14) methohexital;
(15) methylphenobarbital, also known as mephobarbital;
(16) oxazepam;
(17) paraldehyde;
(18) petrichloral;
(19) phenobarbital;
(20) prazepam;
(21) alprazolam;
(25) midazolam;
(26) quazepam;
(27) flunitrazepam;
(28) ketamine hydrochloride.
(c) Schedule IVA includes any material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substance, including its salts, isomers whether optical, position, or geometric, and salts of these isomers, whenever the existence of these salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible: fenfluramine.
(d) Schedule IVA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system, including their salts, isomers whether optical, position, or geometric, and salts of these isomers whenever the existence of these salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:
(3) pemoline, including organometallic complexes and chelates of this substance;
(5) pipradol;
(6) SPA ((-)-1-dimethylamino-1,2-diphenylethane);
(7) cathine;
(10) mefenorex.
(e) Schedule IVA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing not more than 1 milligram of difenoxin and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit, or their salts calculated as the free anhydrous base or alkaloid.
(f) Schedule IVA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances, including their salts:
(1) dextropropoxyphene (alpha-(+)-4-dimethylamino-1,2-dephenyl-3-methyl-2-propionoxybutane);
(2) pentazocine;
(3) propoxyphene.
(g) Schedule IVA includes, unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substance or its salts calculated as the free anhydrous base or alkaloid: 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol, its salts, optical and geometric isomers, and salts of these isomers, including tramadol.
Sec. 11.71.180. Schedule VA.
(b) Schedule VA includes any compound, mixture, or preparation containing any of the following limited quantities of narcotic drugs or their salts, calculated as the free anhydrous base or alkaloid, in limited quantities as specified in (1) — (6) of this subsection, which includes one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by schedule IA substances alone:
(c) [Repealed, § 1 ch 66 SLA 1987.]
Sec. 11.71.190. Schedule VIA.
(a) A substance shall be placed in schedule VIA if it is found under AS 11.71.120(c) to have the lowest degree of danger or probable danger to a person or the public.
(b) Marijuana is a schedule VIA controlled substance.
Sec. 11.71.200. Listed chemicals.
Listed chemicals are chemicals that are used in manufacturing a controlled substance in violation of this chapter. Listed chemicals include
(1) anthranilic acid, its esters, and its salts;
(2) benzaldehyde;
(3) benzyl cyanide;
(4) ephedrine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers;
(5) ergonovine and its salts;
(6) ergotamine and its salts;
(7) N-acetylanthranilic acid, its esters, and its salts;
(8) nitroethane;
(9) norpseudoephedrine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers;
(10) phenylacetic acid, its esters, and its salts;
(11) phenylpropanolamine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers;
(12) piperidine and its salts;
(13) pseudoephedrine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers;
(14) 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-propanone;
(15) any salt, optical isomer, or salt of an optical isomer of the following chemicals:
(A) ethylamine;
(B) hydriodic acid;
(C) isosafrole;
(D) methylamine;
(E) N-methylephedrine;
(F) N-methylpseudoephedrine;
(G) piperonal;
(H) propionic anhydride;
(I) safrole;
(16) acetic anhydride;
(17) acetone;
(18) anhydrous ammonia;
(19) benzyl chloride;
(20) ethyl ether;
(21) hydriotic acid;
(22) hydrochloric gas;
(23) hydrophosphoric acid;
(24) iodine and crystal iodine;
(25) lithium metal;
(26) potassium permanganate;
(27) red phosphorous;
(28) toluene;
(29) 2-butanone (or methyl ethyl ketone).
Sec. 11.71.210. Purchase or receipt of restricted amounts of certain listed chemicals.
(a) A person commits the crime of purchase or receipt of restricted amounts of certain listed chemicals if the person purchases or receives more than six grams of the following listed chemical, its salts, isomers, or salts of isomers within any 30-day period:
(1) ephedrine under AS 11.71.200(4);
(2) pseudoephedrine under AS 11.71.200(13);
(3) phenylpropanolamine under AS 11.71.200(11).
Sec. 11.71.300. Penalties under other laws.
A penalty imposed for violation of this chapter is in addition to, and not in place of, any other civil or administrative penalty or sanction otherwise authorized by law.
Sec. 11.71.305. Rehabilitation.
A person convicted of violating a provision of this chapter may, when the violation relates to that person's own personal use of a controlled substance, be committed to the custody of the Department of Corrections for rehabilitative treatment for not to exceed one year. Such treatment may be imposed in place of a fine or imprisonment, but only where the imprisonment would not have exceeded one year.
Sec. 11.71.310. Bar to prosecution. [Repealed, § 40 ch 75 SLA 2008.]
Sec. 11.71.311. Restriction on prosecution for certain persons in connection with a drug overdose.
(a) A person may not be prosecuted for a violation of AS 11.71.040(a)(3), (4), or (12), 11.71.050(a)(4) or (5), or 11.71.060(a)(1) or (2) if that person
(1) sought, in good faith, medical or law enforcement assistance for another person who the person reasonably believed was experiencing a drug overdose and
(A) the evidence supporting the prosecution for an offense under AS 11.71.040(a)(3), (4), or (12), 11.71.050(a)(4) or (5), or 11.71.060(a)(1) or (2) was obtained or discovered as a result of the person seeking medical or law enforcement assistance;
(B) the person remained at the scene with the other person until medical or law enforcement assistance arrived; and
(C) the person cooperated with medical or law enforcement personnel, including by providing identification;
(2) was experiencing a drug overdose and sought medical assistance, and the evidence supporting a prosecution for an offense under AS 11.71.040(a)(3), (4), or (12), 11.71.050(a)(4) or (5), or 11.71.060(a)(1) or (2) was obtained as a result of the overdose and the need for medical assistance.
(b) In this section, "drug overdose" means a controlled-substance-induced physiological event that results in a life-threatening emergency to the person who ingested, inhaled, injected, or otherwise introduced the controlled substance into the body.
Sec. 11.71.320. Excluded defenses.
(a) In a prosecution for the possession of a schedule IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA, or VA controlled substance under this chapter, it is not a defense that the substance was possessed in less than a usable quantity. It is sufficient to support a conviction that there is a sufficient quantity of the substance to permit proper identification.
(b) In a prosecution for an offense involving a controlled substance under this chapter, it is not a defense that the substance is misclassified under a subsection within a schedule.
Sec. 11.71.330. Liability of public servants.
No liability is imposed by this chapter upon a public servant acting within the scope and authority of the public servant's employment.
Sec. 11.71.340. Offenses defined by amounts.
Whenever a provision of this chapter defining an offense requires a determination of an amount, it is not a defense to the lowest class of offense established by the evidence that the amount in question was equal to or larger than the amount which would make the offense a higher class of offense, and a person may be charged and convicted accordingly.
Sec. 11.71.350. Burden of proof.
It is not necessary for the state to negate an exemption or exception provided for in this chapter in a complaint, information, indictment, or other pleading or at a trial, hearing, or other proceeding under this chapter or AS 17.30. The defendant has the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence any exemption or exception claimed by the defendant.
Sec. 11.71.360. Unprivileged communications.
Information communicated to a physician or other licensed practitioner in an effort to unlawfully procure a controlled substance or to unlawfully procure the administration of a controlled substance is not a privileged communication.
(1) "administer" means the direct application of a controlled substance, whether by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means into the body of a patient or research subject by
(B) the patient or research subject at the direction and in the presence of a practitioner;
(2) "agent" means an authorized person who acts on behalf of or at the direction of a manufacturer, distributor, or dispenser, but does not include a common or contract carrier, public warehouseman, or employee of the carrier or warehouseman;
(3) "cannabidiol oil" means the viscous liquid concentrate of cannabidiol extracted from the plant (genus) Cannabis containing not more than 0.3 percent delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol;
(4) "committee" means the Controlled Substances Advisory Committee established in AS 11.71.100;
(5) "controlled substance" means a drug, substance, or immediate precursor included in the schedules set out in AS 11.71.140 — 11.71.190 or included in those schedules by an emergency regulation adopted under AS 11.71.125;
(6) "counterfeit substance" means a controlled substance which, without authorization, bears the trademark, trade name, or other identifying mark, imprint, number, or device of a manufacturer, distributor, or dispenser other than the person or persons who in fact manufactured, distributed, or dispensed the substance and which falsely purports or is represented to be the product of, or to have been distributed by, the other manufacturer, distributor, or dispenser;
(7) "deliver" or "delivery" means the actual, constructive, or attempted transfer from one person to another of a controlled substance whether or not there is an agency relationship;
(8) "dispense" means to deliver a controlled substance to an ultimate user or research subject by or under the lawful order of a practitioner, including the prescribing, administering, packaging, labeling, or compounding necessary to prepare the substance for that delivery; "dispenser" means a practitioner who dispenses;
(9) "distribute" means to deliver other than by administering or dispensing a controlled substance, whether or not there is any money or other item of value exchanged; it includes sale, gift, or exchange; "distributor" means a person who distributes;
(10) "drug"
(i) a substance recognized as a drug in the official United States Pharmacopoeia, official Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States, or official National Formulary, or any supplement to these publications;
(ii) a substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans or animals;
(iii) a substance, other than food, intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of humans or animals; and
(iv) a substance intended for use as a component of any article specified in (i), (ii), or (iii) of this subparagraph;
(B) does not include a device or its components, parts, or accessories;
(11) "hashish" means the dried, compressed, resinous product of the plant (genus) Cannabis;
(12) "hashish oil" means the viscous liquid concentrate of tetrahydrocannabinols extracted from the plant (genus) Cannabis, but does not include cannabidiol oil;
(13) "immediate precursor" means a substance which is by statute or regulation designated as the principal compound commonly used or produced primarily for use, and which is an immediate chemical intermediary used or likely to be used in the manufacture of a controlled substance, the control of which is necessary to prevent, curtail, or limit manufacture of that controlled substance;
(14) "manufacture"
(A) means the production, preparation, propagation, compounding, conversion, growing, or processing of a controlled substance, either directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of natural origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis; however, the growing of marijuana for personal use is not manufacturing;
(B) includes the preparation, compounding, packaging, repackaging, labeling, or relabeling of a controlled substance or its container unless done in conformity with applicable federal law
(i) by a practitioner as an incident to the practitioner's administering or dispensing of a controlled substance in the course of the practitioner's professional practice; or
(ii) by a practitioner, or by the practitioner's authorized agent under the practitioner's supervision, for the purpose of, or as an incident to, research, teaching, or chemical analysis and not for sale;
(15) "marijuana" means the seeds, and leaves, buds, and flowers of the plant (genus) Cannabis, whether growing or not; it does not include the resin or oil extracted from any part of the plants, or any compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation from the resin or oil, including hashish, hashish oil, and natural or synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol; it does not include the stalks of the plant, fiber produced from the stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of the plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the stalks, fiber, oil or cake, or the sterilized seed of the plant that is incapable of germination; it does not include industrial hemp as defined in AS 03.05.100;
(16) "opiate" means
(A) a substance having an addiction-forming or addiction-sustaining capability similar to morphine or being capable of conversion into a drug having addiction-forming or addiction-sustaining capability; and
(B) includes its racemic and levorotatory forms; but
(C) does not include the dextrorotatory isomer of 3-methoxy-n-methylmorphinan and its salts (dextromethorphan);
(17) "opium poppy" means the plant of any species of Papaver containing the phenanthrine alkaloids of opium, except its seeds;
(18) "peyote" means any part of the plant classified botanically as Lophophora Williamsii Lemaire, whether growing or not, the seeds of the plant, any extract from any part of the plant, and a compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds or extracts, including mescaline;
(19) "poppy straw" means all parts, except the seeds, of the opium poppy, after mowing;
(20) "practitioner" means
(A) a physician, dentist, advanced practice registered nurse, optometrist, veterinarian, scientific investigator, or other person licensed, registered, or otherwise permitted to distribute, dispense, conduct research with respect to, or to administer or use in teaching or chemical analysis a controlled substance in the course of professional practice or research in the state;
(B) a pharmacy, hospital, or other institution licensed, registered, or otherwise permitted to distribute, dispense, conduct research with respect to, or to administer a controlled substance in the course of professional practice or research in the state;
(21) "recreation or youth center" means a building, structure, athletic playing field, or playground
(A) run or created by a municipality or the state to provide athletic, recreational, or leisure activities for minors; or
(B) operated by a public or private organization licensed to provide shelter, training, or guidance for minors;
(22) "sale" means to sell, barter, exchange, give, or dispose of to another, or an exchange for a thing of value;
(23) "schedule IA controlled substance" means a controlled substance included in the schedule in AS 11.71.140;
(24) "schedule IIA controlled substance" means a controlled substance included in the schedule in AS 11.71.150;
(25) "schedule IIIA controlled substance" means a controlled substance included in the schedule in AS 11.71.160;
(26) "schedule IVA controlled substance" means a controlled substance included in the schedule in AS 11.71.170;
(27) "schedule VA controlled substance" means a controlled substance included in the schedule in AS 11.71.180;
(28) "schedule VIA controlled substance" means a controlled substance included in the schedule in AS 11.71.190;
(29) "school bus" means a motor vehicle operated by a school district or private school, directly or by contract, to transport students;
(30) "school grounds" means a building, structure, athletic playing field, playground, parking area, or land contained within the real property boundary line of a public or private preschool, elementary, or secondary school;
(31) "substance" means a drug, controlled substance, or immediate precursor included in the schedules set out in AS 11.71.140 — 11.71.190 or in an emergency regulation adopted under AS 11.71.125, AS 44.62.250, and 44.62.260;
(32) "ultimate user" means a person who lawfully possesses a controlled substance for the person's own use or for the use of a member of the person's household or for administering to an animal owned by the person or by a member of the person's household.