Source: http://www.punditsguide.ca/labels/Election%20Expenses.php
Timestamp: 2014-04-21 09:36:31
Document Index: 545803147

Matched Legal Cases: ['arty721388308', 'arty14510', 'arty246', 'arty134', 'arty48820', 'arty2322559', 'arty178', 'arty123', 'arty22', 'arty11', 'arty11', 'art 3']

Nominations Progress - 41st General Election
Seats with First-Time Incumbents YTNTNUBCABSKMBONQCNBNSPENLTotPctWomPctSeats1113628141410675101147308 Lib1113628141410675101147308100%9029.2%NDP1113628141410675101147308100%12440.3%Grn11136281414103759114730499%10032.9%BQ 75 7524%2432.0%Cons1113628141410674101147307100%6822.2%PC 31 5 93% Ind 137242193 26120%11.6%Oth 1 4120159845121 21570%4520.9%
Two Significant Court Rulings in Elections Law
Two significant rulings have been handed down in the last month relating to elections law, and particularly the provisions regarding election expenses.For complete coverage of today's ruling on the so-called "in-and-out" case, consult Kady O'Malley's post for cbc.ca/politics (h/t for the link to the ruling), Glen McGregor's story for the Ottawa Citizen (which includes a fantastic graphic by Robert Cross), and Tim Naumetz who covered the political reaction in greatest detail for Canadian Press. Commentary from the blogosphere has been light so far, but includes Stephen Taylor and Steve Janke from the Conservative side of the spectrum, and the Jurist at Accidental Deliberations for a more NDP orientation. Typically Impolitical blogs on election law cases from the Liberal corner, but she hasn't written on this one as yet, although I'm told to stay tuned (ah, here we are now).I still haven't had the time to read the ruling in sufficient detail to absorb all the important legal, political and strategic points it raises, but here are two versions of the ruling (HTML and PDF), and my preliminary take on it from the comments on an earlier blogpost:Campbell v. Canada (Chief Electoral Officer) (2010 FC 43) T-838-07, Date: January 18, 2010L.G. (Gerry) Callaghan et al. v. the Chief Electoral Officer (PDF version; and, no, I don't know why the case is titled differently here than in the above citation; Campbell was the candidate and Callaghan was his official agent)My superquick reading of the court ruling says that in-and-out transfers of funds per se are fine, as they always were, and that the content of a candidate's ads can promote the candidate OR the party OR the leader, as always used to be the case. The Chief Electoral Officer was trying to argue that the ads *had* to promote the candidate in order to count as a candidate's election expense.On the other hand, the court ruled that there has to be a reasonable basis for allocating costs of regional ad buys between the local campaigns, based on their market value to the campaign (not on the basis of how much room they have left under their spending limit); and that the difference between what the candidate's campaign paid and the market value of those ads to the candidate's campaign is to be considered a contribution in kind (and thus counts towards the candidate's spending limit; note that only paid expenses are rebatable under the Elections Act).Judge Martineau asserts that if a candidate's official agent paid the expense, that in and of itself is sufficient evidence that the candidate's campaign approved of the expenditure.Also, the Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) is not forced to issue a certificate pro forma. But the differing statuatory roles of the CEO on the one hand, and the Commissioner on the other, are discussed. It's also clear that the Commissioner's investigation is on-going, and there may be other developments to come in this story.Overall, I think the points were worth litigating, and the ruling will provide a lot better guidance to both the CEO as well as to all the political parties. I have no idea whether it will be appealed. However, I would like to see a bit more clarification as to what the courts believe the difference is between a national party's election expense and a candidate's expense, as I think there must be some (less restrictive) way of deciding which category an expenditure fits into. Otherwise why would we have separate national and candidate spending limits?Parties and candidates can currently transfer funds to each other at will as often as they like, and riding associations can transfer funds back and forth with either parties or their own local candidates. The only kinds of transfers that aren't permitted are from one candidate to another. Yet, the regime apparently enabled by provisions of this ruling would seem to allow *election expenses* to be transferred from one entity to another, rather than just funds. Although, this might be the subject of the investigation by the Commissioner of Elections, so I guess we'll just have to be patient.The other ruling which we discussed before, relating to whether GST rebates on their 2004 and 2006 campaign election expenses, which were received by the Conservative Party by virtue of being a non-profit organization, ought to reduce their reported election spending for those campaigns, has now been published here:Conservative Fund Canada v. Chief Electoral Officer of Canada, 2009 CanLII 72340 (ON S.C.), Date: December 31, 2009.Happy reading, all you legal beagles.Labels: Election Expenses
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 8:48 PM 2 Comments
I've just finished making a pass-through, updating the database with the latest version of each candidate's 2008 financial return information from Elections Canada. Both the Bloc Québécois and Conservatives are substantially through the review process, while the Liberals, Greens and NDP returns are taking longer for Elections Canada to get through.This increases substantially from last time the number of 2008 candidate returns in the Pundits' Guide database, meaning that the summary financial data on the Browse Parties page for this election is starting to be a lot more reliable. For example, we can now see that:With 9 returns yet to be filed or entered into the Elections Canada database, the Liberals seem to have spent around 50% of their 2008 candidate spending limits overall, which is down roughly 10 percentage points from 2006, and down 25 percentage points from 2004. Fewer than 1 in 3 of their candidates spent over 75% of the limit in 2008, unlike 2006 when over half their candidates ran fully-funded campaigns. And while just over 50% of their candidates spent over 50% the limit in 2008, that metric is down from 87% in 2004.With 7 returns yet to be filed or entered into the Elections Canada database, the NDP was on track to spend around 25% of its 2008 candidate spending limits overall, roughly the same as in both 2004 and 2006. 36/308 candidates spent over 75% of the spending limit in their riding, while 66 spent over 50% (up slightly from 54 in 2004 and 61 in 2006).With 12 returns yet to be filed or entered into the Elections Canada database, the Green Party looks to have more than doubled its candidate spending in 2008, moving from 3% or so in both 2004 and 2006 to some 7% in 2008. 4/303 candidates spent greater than 75% of the limit, while 7/303 spent 50% or more.All the Bloc Québécois returns are filed, and all but 15/75 have already been reviewed. Their spending patterns were not significantly different in 2008 from 2006.With just 1 return yet to be filed or entered into the Elections Canada database, the Conservatives again dominated candidate election spending, and in fact increased their own percent spent from 69% in 2006 to 72% or more in 2008. Fully 170/308 of their candidates spent 75% of the riding spending limit or more (the same number as in 2006), with 248/307 spending 50% of the limit or more.As more returns move from "as submitted" to "as reviewed" status and I get a chance to enter the amended figures, we'll have an even clearer picture of what the candidates spent and where.Remember that this is candidate spending, according to the candidate financial returns, and is in addition to the central spending done by party headquarters and already reported by them six months after Election Day. In the Browse Parties financial table, the national spending is on the left, and doesn't change as you drill down further by region, while the candidate spending is found on the right, and does show regional subsets as you drill down.# of Candidate Returns by Status, by Party, 2008 General ElectionPartyParty NameNotInAsSubAsRevRan in2008 GELibLiberal Party of Canada9183114307NDPNew Democratic Party721388308GrnGreen Party of Canada1219992303BQBloc Québécois156075ConsConservative Party of Canada1118188307PCProgressive Canadian Party14510IndIndep/No Affil133424711stFirst Peoples National Party246AnmlAnimal Alliance Environment Voters Party134CAPCanadian Action Party48820CHPChristian Heritage Party2322559CPCCommunist Party of Canada2424LbtnLibertarian Party of Canada2141026MarjMarijuana Party178M-LMarxist-Leninist Party of Canada154459N1stNewfoundland and Labrador First Party123PPPPeople's Political Power Party22RhinneoRhino.ca437WBlkWestern Block Party11WrkLWork Less Party11Labels: 41st General Election, Election Expenses
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 11:16 PM 2 Comments
In-and-Out Hearings: Send Pain Meds Urgently
If you haven't been doing so already, I'm recommending that readers who are or have been active participants in the electoral process check out the detailed coverage the Ottawa Citizen's Glen McGregor has been giving, on Twitter, of the Federal Court hearings into the so-called "in-and-out" accounting for advertising issue.Poor Glen; he doesn't spend his days and nights pouring over minutiae in the Elections Act and the changing versions of the Candidate Manual the way many of us do. There's not exactly a mass audience for that kind of detailed coverage; but I'm guessing that if there's a niche audience, it probably overlaps with the readership of this blog quite a bit.And for someone not steeped in all the background the way a practitioner might be, he's doing yeoman service covering the arguments being presented by each of the lawyers, the questioning by Judge Martineau, and filling in some of the background as required (although he's finding some of it a bit arcane, and jokes that he's willing to entertain sponsorships from suppliers of pain medication).If you haven't explored Twitter before, just click on this link: http://twitter.com/CPCvsElxCan, and then scroll down to the bottom of the page, and click on the "More" button. Keep repeating until you get to his first post (or "tweet" as they're called), and then read upwards to get the detail in chronological order. The hearings have been on for two days already, and continue tomorrow morning. To follow them live, visit the same page, and reload it periodically.This is the future of journalism, and if you've ever found yourself complaining about the lack of detail or substance in mainstream media coverage of a story you care about, then you'll be pleasantly surprised. Glen does a lot within the 140-character limit each "tweet" is confined to.For some documentary background on the so-called "In-out-Out" accounting for advertising dispute between Elections Canada on the one hand, and the Conservative Party and official agents for 67 of its candidates in the 2006 general election on the other, please see my blogposts from the spring of 2008 where:I transcribed the list of affected Conservative candidates, along with links to the financial metrics page for each of their ridings (which then contains direct links to their financial returns at Elections Canada), followed bya listing of the candidates named in the affadavit of the organization director of the Conservative Party, as having met one of three criteria the CPC has argued were in wide use by other parties at the time (part I, part II, and part III of the so-called "Donald affadavit")Thanks to Glen for providing this very interesting live and detailed coverage. I'm willing to chip in for his pain meds in return ... who else is in?Labels: 39th (2006) General Election, Election Expenses, Election Finance
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 5:01 PM 10 Comments
Party By-election Spending Limits Released
I just noticed that Elections Canada has now published the spending limits for registered political parties running candidates in the four by-elections.The limits are set according to an arithmetic formula, based on the number of electors on the list in each riding, the indexing factor in effect, and the number of candidates being endorsed by a given party across the 4 by-election ridings (see the Elections Canada fact-sheet for a detailed explanation).We can figure out how much each riding contributes to the total limit, by doing some subtraction using the smaller parties who are only running in 1 or 2 ridings. The candidate preliminary spending limits were already announced earlier in the campaign.NWC, BC'Chlag, QCMIKR, QCCCMV, NSElectors on List82,22678,26077,88667,789Regis. PartyLimit ($)$72,004.43$68,847.53$68,204.77$59,362.83Prelim. Cand.Limit ($)$89,079.96$86,734.83$86,257.35$86,242.26This breaks down by party as follows (also shown in the top table on this database page):Lib, NDP,Grn, ConsBQCHPCPC-ML,neoRhino.ca# of Candidates4 ea.2 (both QC)1 (CCMV)1 ea. ('Chlag)Regis. PartyLimit ($)$268,419.56$137,052.30 $59,362.83$68,847.53Prelim. Cand.Limit ($)$348,314.40$172,992.18 $86,242.26$86,734.83Parties report their by-election spending on Part 3a of their annual returns. Looking at the returns from 2007, for example, we see that, given a registered party spending limit of $171,997:the Bloc Québécois and the Green Party spent nothing centrally on the 3 Québec 2007 by-elections, whilethe Conservatives spent $158,146.65: largely in Roberval – Lac-Saint-Jean ($75,989.64) and Saint-Hyacinthe – Bagot ($81,789.05), with just $367.96 spent in Outremontthe Liberals spent 78,832.03, mostly all in Outremont ($75,042.03), whilethe NDP spent $21,003.31, which was evenly split across the 3 ridings.As this demonstrates, unlike candidates, the parties are under no obligation to distribute their spending across the by-election ridings equally, or to stay under the allotment based on a riding's population in their spending on that riding. In fact, a party might be at an advantage if it were only targetting certain of the by-election seats, and could focus all their central resources on them, as compared with a party that targets and therefore spends equally in each one. In the case of the 2007 Québec by-elections, the Conservatives picked up a seat for all their targetted spending, and nearly picked up another. On the other hand, central spending alone did not help keep Outremont in Liberal hands that time.In other by-election news, Advanced Voting starts this Friday.Labels: Election Expenses, Nov 9 2009 By-elections
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 9:03 PM 0 Comments
By-Election News and Updates
There's been a fair bit of regional news coverage about the by-elections in the past week, and for folks who might not have time to scour the web for it, here's a rundown on what's been happening.Candidate Spending LimitsFirst of all, Elections Canada announced the candidate spending limits for each of the 4 ridings yesterday. I've added them into the database now, but 3 of the ridings have limits on the order of $86K, while NWC with its higher population is set around $89K. Once nominations officially close, Elections Canada will announce the parties' overall spending limits for the 4 ridings, based on the number of ridings in which they have duly nominated candidates.Party Web WatchNext up, 2 of the 5 political parties have already devoted significant real estate on their websites to the by-elections: Friday morning, the Bloc Québécois added Daniel Paillé in rotation with Nancy Gagnon in the top right-hand corner of their home page ...... while the NDP returned to its "Unite 4 Change" theme of the last parliamentary session ("Le Pouvoir de changer" in french) to set up a pair of by-election specific websites that went live late this Friday afternoon in both english and french, and which are being promoted from their home page as well.As I said, to date there is no mention or link to the by-election campaigns from the home pages of the Conservative, Liberal or Green Party websites, but we'll check back every so often and report when that aspect of their campaigns gets under way. Meantime, I've updated the candidates' database entries with all their website addresses, albeit that the Green Party has yet to announce a candidate for MIKR, and no websites have been located as yet for the 2 Québec Liberal candidates (but if you have the addresses, please do get in touch so I can update the site).Riding NewswatchWhile most folks already follow the main national news outlets (and one of the best ways to do so is via National Newswatch, if you're not familiar with the site), everyone knows that all politics is local politics. So I thought I'd run down what the local coverage is saying about the by-election campaigns in each riding, starting with Nova Scotia. The others will follow in later blogposts.Cumberland – Colchester – Musquodoboit Valley, NS - The main news outlets are the Amherst Daily News in the north, and the Truro Daily News in the south. Anecdotally, some readers are complaining that the latter has too Tory a focus in its coverage, but as I'm not familiar with the news sources, I guess we'll just have to see over the course of the campaign how the different parties fare in terms of quantity and quality of coverage from the different outlets.Byelection could prove interesting - [Amherst Daily News - Editorial - Oct 9, 2009] - Like it or not, voters in the federal riding of Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley are going to the polls in 32 days and the results could prove ...Hot seat: Liberal candidate looking to capitalize on anti-Harper sentiment in byelection - [Amherst Daily News - Dave Mathieson - Oct 8, 2009] - How much resentment is still coarsing through the veins of the Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley electorate over the Bill Casey affair could determine ...Retired military officer eager to serve as Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley MP - [Amherst Daily News - <no byline> - Oct 8, 2009] - Christian Heritage Party Leader Jim Hnatiuk became the first candidate to register for the byelection call in Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley ...Byelection candidates hit the trail - [Truro Daily News - Jason Malloy - Oct 7, 2009] - Candidates are criss-crossing Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley looking for votes. From the New Brunswick border to the Pictou County line and ...Armstrong hopeful of Conservative support in riding - [Amherst Daily News - Raissa Tetanish - Oct 5, 2009] - Winning over Bill Casey’s former supporters will be key to capturing Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley in the Nov. 9 byelection, says Conservative ...Tories punishing riding for support of Casey, Liberal candidate says - [Amherst Daily News - <no byline> - Oct 5, 2009] - Taxpayers’ money should be spent fairly across the country regardless of who represents voters in the House of Commons, says the local Liberal candidate ...Blanch to present Green option - [Amherst Daily News - Darrell Cole - Oct 5, 2009] - Jason Blanch is hoping to give the voters of northern Nova Scotia another option when they go to the polls sometime later this year to elect a replacement ...Vote will delay news on federal funds for civic centre - [Truro Daily News - Jason Malloy - Oct 4, 2009] - Colchester County residents will have to wait at least another five weeks before hearing if the federal government will provide funds for the region’s ...Federal byelection set for Nov. 9 - [Truro Daily News - Jason Malloy - Oct 4, 2009] - Central and Northern Nova Scotia will have its new member of Parliament in five weeks time. Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced four byelections, ...Calling all voters - [Amherst Daily News - Darrell Cole - Oct 4, 2009] - Voters in Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley are going to the polls in early November to fill a vacancy created earlier this year by the resignation ...Federal byelection called for Nov. 9 - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Oct 4, 2009] - Colchester County residents will have a new federal politician by mid November. Four byelections, including Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley, ...By-Elections Called - [CKDH Amherst - <no byline> - Oct 4, 2009] - As expected, Prime Minister Stephen Harper has called four by-elections. One of those ridings is the Cumberland Colchester Musquidobit Valley, the seat ...Green Party names candidate for vacant seat - [Truro Daily News - Darrell Cole - Oct 2, 2009] - Jason Blanch is hoping to give the voters of northern Nova Scotia another option when they go to the polls sometime later this year to elect a replacement ...Austin acclaimed as NDP candidate for local riding - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Oct 2, 2009] - ...Old Barns man to run for NDP in byelection - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Sep 27, 2009] - There are two qualities Mark Austin feels a member of parliament must possess. He feels he has both. The 50-year-old resident of Old Barns will run ...Austin to run for NDP in federal byelection - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Sep 27, 2009] - Mark Austin, a 50-year-old resident of Old Barns will run for the NDP party in the Cumberland Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley byelection, which has yet ...Liberal candidate wants federal byelection already - [Amherst Daily News - Jason Malloy - Sep 22, 2009] - The time has come for the Harper government to call a byelection for Central and Northern Nova Scotia, says the local Liberal candidate. Jim Burrows ...Austin to represent NDP in federal vote - [Amherst Daily News - Darrell Cole - Sep 20, 2009] - Mark Austin will represent New Democrats in the upcoming federal byelection for Cumberland-Colchester-Mus-quodoboit Valley. The Old Barns resident has ...Liberal wants federal government to call byelection - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Sep 18, 2009] - Burrows will carry riding’s Liberal colours into next federal election - [Truro Daily News - Monique Chiasson - Sep 13, 2009] - Green Oaks dairy farmer Jim Burrows is the Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley Liberal candidate for the next federal election. Burrows, 51, operator ...Liberals vote today for local candidate in next federal election - [Truro Daily News - Brad Works - Sep 13, 2009] - Local Liberals will choose between a campaign of experience and that of determination today when they select the party’s next candidate for the next federal ...Burrows easily wins Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley Liberal bid for the next federal election - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Sep 13, 2009] - Green Oaks dairy farmer Jim Burrows will represent Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley Liberals in the next federal election. Burrows received ...Federal Grit candidate wonders where civic centre funding is - [Truro Daily News - Jason Malloy - Sep 10, 2009] - A local Liberal is concerned funding for Colchester County’s regional civic centre is being delayed for political reasons. Jim Burrows said it is important ...Liberals set to choose next candidate - [Amherst Daily News - Brad Works - Sep 10, 2009] - Local Liberals will choose between a campaign of experience and that of determination when Saturday they select the party’s next candidate for federal ...Liberals holding nomination meeting for federal riding - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Sep 8, 2009] - A New Brunswick Member of Parliament will be the guest speaker at Saturday’s Liberal nomination meeting for Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley. ...Federal Grits to select local candidate Sept. 12 - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Aug 17, 2009] - The federal candidate nomination meeting for the Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley Liberal Association will be held on Saturday, Sept. 12. Two ...Liberal nomination meeting next month - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Aug 14, 2009] - Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley Liberals will decide who will represent them in the next federal election. Official candidates are Green Oak’s ...Christian Heritage Party leader looking to replace Casey - [Amherst Daily News - <no byline> - Aug 12, 2009] - The leader of the Christian Heritage Party will be a candidate when voters in Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley go to the polls this fall to elect ...Parsons seeking Liberalnomination for next federal election - [Truro Daily News - Monique Chiasson - Jul 23, 2009] - Tracy Parsons is taking another shot at federal politics. The 45-year-old Bible Hill resident officially announced her intention to seek the Liberal ...Parsons preparing for another run at federal politics - [Amherst Daily News - Darrell Cole - Jul 22, 2009] - Bill Casey is not running in the next election, but Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley Liberal candidate Tracy Parsons feels he will still be a ...Bible Hill's Tracy Parsons seeking federal Liberal nomination - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Jul 22, 2009] - Tracy Parsons is taking another shot at federal politics. The 45-year-old Bible Hill resident officially announced her intention to seek the Liberal ...Burrows seeking federal Liberal nomination - [Amherst Daily News - Darrell Cole - Jul 19, 2009] - With an election coming in the fall, Cumberland-Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley Liberals are preparing for what they feel will be their best opportunity ...Burrows seeking Liberal nomination - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Jul 18, 2009] - A Beaver Brook farmer wants to represent the Liberal party of Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley in the next federal election. Jim Burrows, 51, ...Federal Tory candidate says don’t worry about civic centre funds - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Jul 10, 2009] - Colchester County residents should not be concerned about Halifax’s problem getting federal funds for a rink project, says the local Conservative candidate ...Armstrong gets federal Tory nod - [Truro Daily News - <no byline> - Apr 30, 2009] - Scott Armstrong will carry the Conservative banner in Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley the next time residents go to the polls for a federal ...The right thing to do - [Truro Daily News - Jason Malloy - Apr 29, 2009] - Cumberland Colchester Musquodoboit Valley is losing the member of Parliament they elected only six months ago. Bill Casey’s long run as the federal representative ...Armstrong after Tory nod - [Amherst Daily News - Jason Malloy - Apr 21, 2009] - Scott Armstrong was in elementary school when he started helping Tories get elected. Now he is hoping the party will return the favour. The Truro resident ...Truro educator seeking Tory nomination for next federal election - [Truro Daily News - Jason Malloy - Apr 20, 2009] - The man who wants to turn central and northern Nova Scotia Tory once again will announce today he is seeking the party’s nomination for the next federal ...Labels: Cumberland – Colchester – Musquodoboit Valley, Election Expenses, Nov 9 2009 By-elections, Party Web Watch, Riding News Watch
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 6:42 AM 7 Comments
2006 Candidate Rebates Finally Posted at Elections Canada
It appears that Elections Canada has finally finished reviewing the candidate spending reports from the 2006 election, and has now posted the list of candidate 2006 rebates in the Election Finance section of its website.Regular readers of the Pundits' Guide will recall that four candidates overspent the limit in 2006 (2 Liberals and 2 Conservatives), but all 4 of them have been issued rebates according to this list. Only one so far has signed a Gazette'd compliance agreement with the Commissioner of Canada Elections (who is responsible for enforcing those provisions of the Elections Act).Meanwhile, it also looks like the list of 2004 rebates is posted there now too, along with the list from the 2005 by-elections (see first drop-down): which means another data entry project for yours truly in her spare time. You'll know when I'm done because the totals will appear under the column "Cand $ Rebate" in the summary table at the top of a party's profile on the "Browse Parties" page, such as this one for the Liberals, this one for the Conservatives, or this one for the NDP. By the way, anything that appears there now for 2008 is a typo, and I'll be fixing that right away (probably a candidate's personal expense that got pasted into the wrong field by me).Labels: Election Expenses, Election Finance
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 5:09 PM 0 Comments
posted by The Pundits' Guide at 7:52 PM 3 Comments