Source: https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/245.4871
Timestamp: 2018-09-24 16:07:12
Document Index: 240764735

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Section 245.4871
245.487 245.4872
245.4871 subd. 4 has been amended by Chapter 128, Section 3
245.4871 subd. 26 has been amended by Chapter 128, Section 4
2018 Subd. 4 Amended 2018 c 128 s 3
2018 Subd. 26 Amended 2018 c 128 s 4
2017 Subd. 11a New 2017 c 6 art 8 s 4
2017 Subd. 18a New 2017 c 6 art 8 s 5
2017 Subd. 26 Amended 2017 c 79 s 2
2016 Subd. 27 Amended 2016 c 163 art 2 s 2
2016 Subd. 32 Amended 2016 c 158 art 1 s 85
2015 Subd. 13 Amended 2015 c 21 art 1 s 39
2014 Subd. 3 Amended 2014 c 262 art 3 s 1
2014 Subd. 6 Amended 2014 c 262 art 3 s 2
2014 Subd. 7 Repealed 2014 c 262 art 3 s 18
2014 Subd. 11 Repealed 2014 c 262 art 3 s 18
2014 Subd. 18 Repealed 2014 c 262 art 3 s 18
2014 Subd. 25 Repealed 2014 c 262 art 3 s 18
2013 Subd. 26 Amended 2013 c 108 art 4 s 5
2012 Subd. 15 Amended 2012 c 216 art 12 s 4
2009 Subd. 10 Amended 2009 c 142 art 2 s 11
2009 Subd. 26 Amended 2009 c 167 s 4
2009 Subd. 27 Amended 2009 c 79 art 7 s 3
2005 Subd. 27 Amended 2005 c 147 art 1 s 66
2002 Subd. 4 Amended 2002 c 375 art 2 s 6
2001 Subd. 10 Amended 2001 c 9 art 9 s 10
2001 Subd. 24c New 2001 c 9 art 9 s 11
2001 Subd. 27 Amended 2001 c 9 art 9 s 12
2000 Subd. 4 Amended 2000 c 499 s 33
2000 Subd. 4 Amended 2000 c 474 s 4
1999 Subd. 4 Amended 1999 c 245 art 5 s 6
1999 Subd. 9 Amended 1999 c 86 art 1 s 57
1999 Subd. 25 Amended 1999 c 159 s 30
1999 Subd. 26 Amended 1999 c 245 art 5 s 7
1999 Subd. 27 Amended 1999 c 172 s 16
1998 Subd. 4 Amended 1998 c 407 art 4 s 4
1996 Subd. 4 Amended 1996 c 451 art 5 s 5
1995 Subd. 12 Amended 1995 c 207 art 8 s 2
1995 Subd. 33a Amended 1995 c 207 art 8 s 3
1995 Subd. 35 New 1995 c 207 art 8 s 4
245.4871 DEFINITIONS.
The definitions in this section apply to sections 245.487 to 245.4889.
Subd. 2.Acute care hospital inpatient treatment.
"Acute care hospital inpatient treatment" means short-term medical, nursing, and psychosocial services provided in an acute care hospital licensed under chapter 144.
Subd. 3.Case management services.
"Case management services" means activities that are coordinated with the family community support services and are designed to help the child with severe emotional disturbance and the child's family obtain needed mental health services, social services, educational services, health services, vocational services, recreational services, and related services in the areas of volunteer services, advocacy, transportation, and legal services. Case management services include assisting in obtaining a comprehensive diagnostic assessment, developing an individual family community support plan, and assisting the child and the child's family in obtaining needed services by coordination with other agencies and assuring continuity of care. Case managers must assess and reassess the delivery, appropriateness, and effectiveness of services over time.
Subd. 4.Case management service provider.
(a) "Case management service provider" means a case manager or case manager associate employed by the county or other entity authorized by the county board to provide case management services specified in subdivision 3 for the child with severe emotional disturbance and the child's family.
(b) A case manager must:
(1) have experience and training in working with children;
(2) have at least a bachelor's degree in one of the behavioral sciences or a related field including, but not limited to, social work, psychology, or nursing from an accredited college or university or meet the requirements of paragraph (d);
(3) have experience and training in identifying and assessing a wide range of children's needs;
(4) be knowledgeable about local community resources and how to use those resources for the benefit of children and their families; and
(5) meet the supervision and continuing education requirements of paragraphs (e), (f), and (g), as applicable.
(c) A case manager may be a member of any professional discipline that is part of the local system of care for children established by the county board.
(d) A case manager without a bachelor's degree must meet one of the requirements in clauses (1) to (3):
(1) have three or four years of experience as a case manager associate;
(2) be a registered nurse without a bachelor's degree who has a combination of specialized training in psychiatry and work experience consisting of community interaction and involvement or community discharge planning in a mental health setting totaling three years; or
(3) be a person who qualified as a case manager under the 1998 Department of Human Services waiver provision and meets the continuing education, supervision, and mentoring requirements in this section.
(e) A case manager with at least 2,000 hours of supervised experience in the delivery of mental health services to children must receive regular ongoing supervision and clinical supervision totaling 38 hours per year, of which at least one hour per month must be clinical supervision regarding individual service delivery with a case management supervisor. The other 26 hours of supervision may be provided by a case manager with two years of experience. Group supervision may not constitute more than one-half of the required supervision hours.
(f) A case manager without 2,000 hours of supervised experience in the delivery of mental health services to children with emotional disturbance must:
(1) begin 40 hours of training approved by the commissioner of human services in case management skills and in the characteristics and needs of children with severe emotional disturbance before beginning to provide case management services; and
(2) receive clinical supervision regarding individual service delivery from a mental health professional at least one hour each week until the requirement of 2,000 hours of experience is met.
(g) A case manager who is not licensed, registered, or certified by a health-related licensing board must receive 30 hours of continuing education and training in severe emotional disturbance and mental health services every two years.
(h) Clinical supervision must be documented in the child's record. When the case manager is not a mental health professional, the county board must provide or contract for needed clinical supervision.
(i) The county board must ensure that the case manager has the freedom to access and coordinate the services within the local system of care that are needed by the child.
(j) A case manager associate (CMA) must:
(1) work under the direction of a case manager or case management supervisor;
(3) have at least a high school diploma or its equivalent; and
(4) meet one of the following criteria:
(i) have an associate of arts degree in one of the behavioral sciences or human services;
(ii) be a registered nurse without a bachelor's degree;
(iii) have three years of life experience as a primary caregiver to a child with serious emotional disturbance as defined in subdivision 6 within the previous ten years;
(iv) have 6,000 hours work experience as a nondegreed state hospital technician; or
(v) be a mental health practitioner as defined in subdivision 26, clause (2).
Individuals meeting one of the criteria in items (i) to (iv) may qualify as a case manager after four years of supervised work experience as a case manager associate. Individuals meeting the criteria in item (v) may qualify as a case manager after three years of supervised experience as a case manager associate.
(k) Case manager associates must meet the following supervision, mentoring, and continuing education requirements;
(1) have 40 hours of preservice training described under paragraph (f), clause (1);
(2) receive at least 40 hours of continuing education in severe emotional disturbance and mental health service annually; and
(3) receive at least five hours of mentoring per week from a case management mentor. A "case management mentor" means a qualified, practicing case manager or case management supervisor who teaches or advises and provides intensive training and clinical supervision to one or more case manager associates. Mentoring may occur while providing direct services to consumers in the office or in the field and may be provided to individuals or groups of case manager associates. At least two mentoring hours per week must be individual and face-to-face.
(l) A case management supervisor must meet the criteria for a mental health professional as specified in subdivision 27.
(m) An immigrant who does not have the qualifications specified in this subdivision may provide case management services to child immigrants with severe emotional disturbance of the same ethnic group as the immigrant if the person:
(1) is currently enrolled in and is actively pursuing credits toward the completion of a bachelor's degree in one of the behavioral sciences or related fields at an accredited college or university;
(2) completes 40 hours of training as specified in this subdivision; and
(3) receives clinical supervision at least once a week until the requirements of obtaining a bachelor's degree and 2,000 hours of supervised experience are met.
Subd. 5.Child.
"Child" means a person under 18 years of age.
Subd. 6.Child with severe emotional disturbance.
For purposes of eligibility for case management and family community support services, "child with severe emotional disturbance" means a child who has an emotional disturbance and who meets one of the following criteria:
(1) the child has been admitted within the last three years or is at risk of being admitted to inpatient treatment or residential treatment for an emotional disturbance; or
(2) the child is a Minnesota resident and is receiving inpatient treatment or residential treatment for an emotional disturbance through the interstate compact; or
(3) the child has one of the following as determined by a mental health professional:
(i) psychosis or a clinical depression; or
(ii) risk of harming self or others as a result of an emotional disturbance; or
(iii) psychopathological symptoms as a result of being a victim of physical or sexual abuse or of psychic trauma within the past year; or
(4) the child, as a result of an emotional disturbance, has significantly impaired home, school, or community functioning that has lasted at least one year or that, in the written opinion of a mental health professional, presents substantial risk of lasting at least one year.
Subd. 9.County board.
"County board" means the county board of commissioners or board established under the Joint Powers Act, section 471.59, or the Human Services Act, sections 402.01 to 402.10.
Subd. 9a.Crisis assistance.
"Crisis assistance" means assistance to the child, the child's family, and all providers of services to the child to: recognize factors precipitating a mental health crisis, identify behaviors related to the crisis, and be informed of available resources to resolve the crisis. Crisis assistance requires the development of a plan which addresses prevention and intervention strategies to be used in a potential crisis. Other interventions include: (1) arranging for admission to acute care hospital inpatient treatment; (2) crisis placement; (3) community resources for follow-up; and (4) emotional support to the family during crisis. Crisis assistance does not include services designed to secure the safety of a child who is at risk of abuse or neglect or necessary emergency services.
Subd. 10.Day treatment services.
"Day treatment," "day treatment services," or "day treatment program" means a structured program of treatment and care provided to a child in:
(1) an outpatient hospital accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Organizations and licensed under sections 144.50 to 144.55;
(2) a community mental health center under section 245.62;
(3) an entity that is under contract with the county board to operate a program that meets the requirements of section 245.4884, subdivision 2, and Minnesota Rules, parts 9505.0170 to 9505.0475; or
(4) an entity that operates a program that meets the requirements of section 245.4884, subdivision 2, and Minnesota Rules, parts 9505.0170 to 9505.0475, that is under contract with an entity that is under contract with a county board.
Day treatment consists of group psychotherapy and other intensive therapeutic services that are provided for a minimum two-hour time block by a multidisciplinary staff under the clinical supervision of a mental health professional. Day treatment may include education and consultation provided to families and other individuals as an extension of the treatment process. The services are aimed at stabilizing the child's mental health status, and developing and improving the child's daily independent living and socialization skills. Day treatment services are distinguished from day care by their structured therapeutic program of psychotherapy services. Day treatment services are not a part of inpatient hospital or residential treatment services.
A day treatment service must be available to a child up to 15 hours a week throughout the year and must be coordinated with, integrated with, or part of an education program offered by the child's school.
Subd. 11a.Diagnostic assessment.
(a) "Diagnostic assessment" has the meaning given in Minnesota Rules, part 9505.0370, subpart 11, and is delivered as provided in Minnesota Rules, part 9505.0372, subpart 1, items A, B, C, and E. Diagnostic assessment includes a standard, extended, or brief diagnostic assessment, or an adult update.
(b) A brief diagnostic assessment must include a face-to-face interview with the client and a written evaluation of the client by a mental health professional or a clinical trainee, as provided in Minnesota Rules, part 9505.0371, subpart 5, item C. The professional or clinical trainee must gather initial components of a standard diagnostic assessment, including the client's:
(2) description of symptoms, including reason for referral;
(3) history of mental health treatment;
(4) cultural influences and their impact on the client; and
(5) mental status examination.
(c) On the basis of the brief components, the professional or clinical trainee must draw a provisional clinical hypothesis. The clinical hypothesis may be used to address the client's immediate needs or presenting problem.
(d) Treatment sessions conducted under authorization of a brief assessment may be used to gather additional information necessary to complete a standard diagnostic assessment or an extended diagnostic assessment.
(e) Notwithstanding Minnesota Rules, part 9505.0371, subpart 2, item A, subitem (1), unit (b), prior to completion of a client's initial diagnostic assessment, a client is eligible for psychological testing as part of the diagnostic process.
(f) Notwithstanding Minnesota Rules, part 9505.0371, subpart 2, item A, subitem (1), unit (c), prior to completion of a client's initial diagnostic assessment, but in conjunction with the diagnostic assessment process, a client is eligible for up to three individual or family psychotherapy sessions or family psychoeducation sessions or a combination of the above sessions not to exceed three sessions.
Subd. 12.Mental health identification and intervention services.
"Mental health identification and intervention services" means services that are designed to identify children who are at risk of needing or who need mental health services and that arrange for intervention and treatment.
Subd. 13.Education and prevention services.
(a) "Education and prevention services" means services designed to:
(1) educate the general public;
(2) increase the understanding and acceptance of problems associated with emotional disturbances;
(3) improve people's skills in dealing with high-risk situations known to affect children's mental health and functioning; and
(4) refer specific children or their families with mental health needs to mental health services.
(b) The services include distribution to individuals and agencies identified by the county board and the local children's mental health advisory council of information on predictors and symptoms of emotional disturbances, where mental health services are available in the county, and how to access the services.
Subd. 14.Emergency services.
"Emergency services" means an immediate response service available on a 24-hour, seven-day-a-week basis for each child having a psychiatric crisis, a mental health crisis, or a mental health emergency.
Subd. 15.Emotional disturbance.
"Emotional disturbance" means an organic disorder of the brain or a clinically significant disorder of thought, mood, perception, orientation, memory, or behavior that:
(1) is detailed in a diagnostic codes list published by the commissioner; and
(2) seriously limits a child's capacity to function in primary aspects of daily living such as personal relations, living arrangements, work, school, and recreation.
"Emotional disturbance" is a generic term and is intended to reflect all categories of disorder described in the clinical code list published by the commissioner as "usually first evident in childhood or adolescence."
Subd. 16.Family.
"Family" means a child and one or more of the following persons whose participation is necessary to accomplish the child's treatment goals: (1) a person related to the child by blood, marriage, or adoption; (2) a person who is the child's foster parent or significant other; (3) a person who is the child's legal representative.
Subd. 17.Family community support services.
"Family community support services" means services provided under the clinical supervision of a mental health professional and designed to help each child with severe emotional disturbance to function and remain with the child's family in the community. Family community support services do not include acute care hospital inpatient treatment, residential treatment services, or regional treatment center services. Family community support services include:
(1) client outreach to each child with severe emotional disturbance and the child's family;
(2) medication monitoring where necessary;
(3) assistance in developing independent living skills;
(4) assistance in developing parenting skills necessary to address the needs of the child with severe emotional disturbance;
(5) assistance with leisure and recreational activities;
(6) crisis assistance, including crisis placement and respite care;
(7) professional home-based family treatment;
(8) foster care with therapeutic supports;
(9) day treatment;
(10) assistance in locating respite care and special needs day care; and
(11) assistance in obtaining potential financial resources, including those benefits listed in section 245.4884, subdivision 5.
Subd. 18a.Functional assessment.
"Functional assessment" means an assessment by the case manager of the child's:
(1) mental health symptoms as presented in the child's diagnostic assessment;
(2) mental health needs as presented in the child's diagnostic assessment;
(3) use of drugs and alcohol;
(4) vocational and educational functioning;
(5) social functioning, including the use of leisure time;
(6) interpersonal functioning, including relationships with the child's family;
(7) self-care and independent living capacity;
(8) medical and dental health;
(9) financial assistance needs;
(10) housing and transportation needs; and
(11) other needs and problems.
Subd. 19.Individual family community support plan.
"Individual family community support plan" means a written plan developed by a case manager in conjunction with the family and the child with severe emotional disturbance on the basis of a diagnostic assessment and a functional assessment. The plan identifies specific services needed by a child and the child's family to:
(1) treat the symptoms and dysfunctions determined in the diagnostic assessment;
(2) relieve conditions leading to emotional disturbance and improve the personal well-being of the child;
(3) improve family functioning;
(4) enhance daily living skills;
(5) improve functioning in education and recreation settings;
(6) improve interpersonal and family relationships;
(7) enhance vocational development; and
(8) assist in obtaining transportation, housing, health services, and employment.
Subd. 20.Individual placement agreement.
"Individual placement agreement" means a written agreement or supplement to a service contract entered into between the county board and a service provider on behalf of a child to provide residential treatment services.
Subd. 21.Individual treatment plan.
"Individual treatment plan" means a written plan of intervention, treatment, and services for a child with an emotional disturbance that is developed by a service provider under the clinical supervision of a mental health professional on the basis of a diagnostic assessment. An individual treatment plan for a child must be developed in conjunction with the family unless clinically inappropriate. The plan identifies goals and objectives of treatment, treatment strategy, a schedule for accomplishing treatment goals and objectives, and the individuals responsible for providing treatment to the child with an emotional disturbance.
Subd. 22.Legal representative.
"Legal representative" means a guardian, conservator, or guardian ad litem of a child with an emotional disturbance authorized by the court to make decisions about mental health services for the child.
[Repealed, 1991 c 94 s 25]
Subd. 24.Local system of care.
"Local system of care" means services that are locally available to the child and the child's family. The services are mental health, social services, correctional services, education services, health services, and vocational services.
Subd. 24a.Mental health crisis services.
"Mental health crisis services" means crisis assessment, crisis intervention, and crisis stabilization services.
Subd. 26.Mental health practitioner.
"Mental health practitioner" means a person providing services to children with emotional disturbances. A mental health practitioner must have training and experience in working with children. A mental health practitioner must be qualified in at least one of the following ways:
(1) holds a bachelor's degree in one of the behavioral sciences or related fields, including, but not limited to, social work, psychology, sociology, community counseling, family social science, child development/child psychology, community mental health, addiction counseling, counseling/guidance, and special education from an accredited college or university and:
(i) has at least 2,000 hours of supervised experience in the delivery of mental health services to children with emotional disturbances; or
(ii) is fluent in the non-English language of the ethnic group to which at least 50 percent of the practitioner's clients belong, completes 40 hours of training in the delivery of services to children with emotional disturbances, and receives clinical supervision from a mental health professional at least once a week until the requirement of 2,000 hours of supervised experience is met;
(2) has at least 6,000 hours of supervised experience in the delivery of mental health services to children with emotional disturbances; hours worked as a mental health behavioral aide I or II under section 256B.0943, subdivision 7, may be included in the 6,000 hours of experience;
(4) holds a master's or other graduate degree in one of the behavioral sciences or related fields from an accredited college or university.
Subd. 27.Mental health professional.
"Mental health professional" means a person providing clinical services in the diagnosis and treatment of children's emotional disorders. A mental health professional must have training and experience in working with children consistent with the age group to which the mental health professional is assigned. A mental health professional must be qualified in at least one of the following ways:
(1) in psychiatric nursing, the mental health professional must be a registered nurse who is licensed under sections 148.171 to 148.285 and who is certified as a clinical specialist in child and adolescent psychiatric or mental health nursing by a national nurse certification organization or who has a master's degree in nursing or one of the behavioral sciences or related fields from an accredited college or university or its equivalent, with at least 4,000 hours of post-master's supervised experience in the delivery of clinical services in the treatment of mental illness;
(2) in clinical social work, the mental health professional must be a person licensed as an independent clinical social worker under chapter 148D, or a person with a master's degree in social work from an accredited college or university, with at least 4,000 hours of post-master's supervised experience in the delivery of clinical services in the treatment of mental disorders;
(3) in psychology, the mental health professional must be an individual licensed by the board of psychology under sections 148.88 to 148.98 who has stated to the board of psychology competencies in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders;
(4) in psychiatry, the mental health professional must be a physician licensed under chapter 147 and certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology or eligible for board certification in psychiatry or an osteopathic physician licensed under chapter 147 and certified by the American Osteopathic Board of Neurology and Psychiatry or eligible for board certification in psychiatry;
(5) in marriage and family therapy, the mental health professional must be a marriage and family therapist licensed under sections 148B.29 to 148B.39 with at least two years of post-master's supervised experience in the delivery of clinical services in the treatment of mental disorders or emotional disturbances;
(6) in licensed professional clinical counseling, the mental health professional shall be a licensed professional clinical counselor under section 148B.5301 with at least 4,000 hours of post-master's supervised experience in the delivery of clinical services in the treatment of mental disorders or emotional disturbances; or
(7) in allied fields, the mental health professional must be a person with a master's degree from an accredited college or university in one of the behavioral sciences or related fields, with at least 4,000 hours of post-master's supervised experience in the delivery of clinical services in the treatment of emotional disturbances.
Subd. 28.Mental health services.
"Mental health services" means at least all of the treatment services and case management activities that are provided to children with emotional disturbances and are described in sections 245.487 to 245.4889.
Subd. 29.Outpatient services.
"Outpatient services" means mental health services, excluding day treatment and community support services programs, provided by or under the clinical supervision of a mental health professional to children with emotional disturbances who live outside a hospital. Outpatient services include clinical activities such as individual, group, and family therapy; individual treatment planning; diagnostic assessments; medication management; and psychological testing.
Subd. 30.Parent.
"Parent" means the birth or adoptive mother or father of a child. This definition does not apply to a person whose parental rights have been terminated in relation to the child.
Subd. 31.Professional home-based family treatment.
"Professional home-based family treatment" means intensive mental health services provided to children because of an emotional disturbance (1) who are at risk of out-of-home placement; (2) who are in out-of-home placement; or (3) who are returning from out-of-home placement. Services are provided to the child and the child's family primarily in the child's home environment. Services may also be provided in the child's school, child care setting, or other community setting appropriate to the child. Services must be provided on an individual family basis, must be child-oriented and family-oriented, and must be designed using information from diagnostic and functional assessments to meet the specific mental health needs of the child and the child's family. Examples of services are: (1) individual therapy; (2) family therapy; (3) client outreach; (4) assistance in developing individual living skills; (5) assistance in developing parenting skills necessary to address the needs of the child; (6) assistance with leisure and recreational services; (7) crisis assistance, including crisis respite care and arranging for crisis placement; and (8) assistance in locating respite and child care. Services must be coordinated with other services provided to the child and family.
Subd. 32.Residential treatment.
"Residential treatment" means a 24-hour-a-day program under the clinical supervision of a mental health professional, in a community residential setting other than an acute care hospital or regional treatment center inpatient unit, that must be licensed as a residential treatment program for children with emotional disturbances under Minnesota Rules, parts 2960.0580 to 2960.0700, or other rules adopted by the commissioner.
Subd. 33.Service provider.
"Service provider" means either a county board or an individual or agency including a regional treatment center under contract with the county board that provides children's mental health services funded under sections 245.487 to 245.4889.
Subd. 33a.Culturally informed mental health consultant.
"Culturally informed mental health consultant" is a person who is recognized by the culture as one who has knowledge of a particular culture and its definition of health and mental health; and who is used as necessary to assist the county board and its mental health providers in assessing and providing appropriate mental health services for children from that particular cultural, linguistic, or racial heritage and their families.
Subd. 34.Therapeutic support of foster care.
"Therapeutic support of foster care" means the mental health training and mental health support services and clinical supervision provided by a mental health professional to foster families caring for children with severe emotional disturbance to provide a therapeutic family environment and support for the child's improved functioning.
Subd. 35.Transition services.
"Transition services" means mental health services, designed within an outcome oriented process that promotes movement from school to postschool activities, including postsecondary education, vocational training, integrated employment including supported employment, continuing and adult education, adult mental health and social services, other adult services, independent living, or community participation.
1989 c 282 art 4 s 38; 1990 c 568 art 5 s 11,34; 1991 c 292 art 6 s 13-15,58 subd 1; 1992 c 526 s 2; 1992 c 571 art 10 s 11; 1993 c 339 s 3; 1Sp1993 c 1 art 7 s 8; 1995 c 207 art 8 s 2-4; 1996 c 451 art 5 s 5; 1998 c 407 art 4 s 4; 1999 c 86 art 1 s 57; 1999 c 159 s 30; 1999 c 172 s 16; 1999 c 245 art 5 s 6,7; 2000 c 474 s 4; 2000 c 499 s 33; 1Sp2001 c 9 art 9 s 10-12; 2002 c 375 art 2 s 6; 2002 c 379 art 1 s 113; 1Sp2003 c 14 art 11 s 11; 2005 c 147 art 1 s 66; 2007 c 147 art 8 s 38; 2009 c 79 art 7 s 3; 2009 c 142 art 2 s 11; 2009 c 167 s 4; 2012 c 216 art 12 s 4; 2013 c 108 art 4 s 5; 2014 c 262 art 3 s 1,2; 2015 c 21 art 1 s 39; 2016 c 158 art 1 s 85; 2016 c 163 art 2 s 2; 2017 c 79 s 2; 1Sp2017 c 6 art 8 s 4,5