Source: https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Title_11_of_the_United_States_Code
Timestamp: 2018-08-20 13:31:17
Document Index: 6117859

Matched Legal Cases: ['§101', '§586', '§157', '§157', '§552', '§928', '§922', '§362', '§101', '§101', '§1108', '§92']

Title 11 of the United States Code - WikiVisually
Title 11 of the United States Code, also known as the United States Bankruptcy Code, is the source of bankruptcy law in the United States Code.[1]
Title 11 is subdivided into nine chapters. It used to include more chapters, but some of them have since been repealed in their entirety. The nine chapters are:[2]
Chapter 9 : Adjustment of Debts of a Municipality
^ U.S. Code Title 11
U.S. Code Title 11, via United States Government Publishing Office
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Title_11_of_the_United_States_Code&oldid=787784594"
1. Bankruptcy in the United States – In the United States, bankruptcy is governed by federal law. The United States Constitution authorizes Congress to enact uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States, the Code has been amended several times since, with the most significant recent changes enacted in 2005 through the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005. Some law relevant to bankruptcy is found in parts of the United States Code. For example, bankruptcy crimes are found in Title 18 of the United States Code, tax implications of bankruptcy are found in Title 26 of the United States Code, and the creation and jurisdiction of bankruptcy courts are found in Title 28 of the United States Code. While bankruptcy cases are filed in United States Bankruptcy Court, and federal law governs procedure in bankruptcy cases, for example, law governing the validity of liens or rules protecting certain property from creditors, may derive from state law or federal law. Because state law plays a role in many bankruptcy cases. Before 1898, there were several short-lived federal bankruptcy laws in the U. S. The first was the act of 1800 which was repealed in 1803 and followed by the act of 1841, which was repealed in 1843, and then the act of 1867, which was amended in 1874 and repealed in 1878. The first modern Bankruptcy Act in America, sometimes called the Nelson Act, was entered into force in 1898. The current Bankruptcy Code was enacted in 1978 by §101 of the Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978, the current Code completely replaced the former Bankruptcy Act, the Chandler Act of 1938. The Chandler Act gave unprecedented authority to the Securities and Exchange Commission in the administration of bankruptcy filings, the current Code has been amended numerous times since 1978. See also the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005, entities seeking relief under the Bankruptcy Code may file a petition for relief under a number of different chapters of the Code, depending on circumstances. Title 11 contains nine chapters, six of which provide for the filing of a petition, the other three chapters provide rules governing bankruptcy cases in general. A case is referred to by the chapter under which the petition is filed. Liquidation under a Chapter 7 filing is the most common form of bankruptcy, liquidation involves the appointment of a trustee who collects the non-exempt property of the debtor, sells it and distributes the proceeds to the creditors. A Chapter 9 bankruptcy is available only to municipalities, Chapter 9 is a form of reorganization, not liquidation. Notable examples of municipal bankruptcies include that of Orange County, California, consumers usually file chapter 7 or chapter 13. Chapter 11 filings by individuals are allowed, but are rare, Chapter 12 is similar to Chapter 13 but is available only to family farmers and family fisherman in certain situations
3. United States Trustee Program – The United States Trustee Program is a component of the United States Department of Justice that is responsible for overseeing the administration of bankruptcy cases and private trustees. The applicable federal law is found at 28 U. S. C. §586 and 11 U. S. C. In addition to the twenty-one United States Trustees, the program is administered by the Executive Office for U. S. Trustees, located in Washington, the United States Trustee is the federal official charged with enforcing civil bankruptcy laws in the United States. The United States Attorney General generally appoints a separate United States Trustee for each of twenty-one geographical regions for a five-year term, each United States Trustee is removable from office by and works under the general supervision of the Attorney General. Each United States Trustee, an officer of the Department of Justice, is responsible for maintaining and supervising a panel of trustees for Chapter 7 bankruptcy cases. The United States Trustee has other duties including the oversight of administration of most bankruptcy cases and trustees, each of the twenty-one regional U. S. Trustees maintains an office in each district within the trustees region, except for Alabama and North Carolina. Trustee program, but utilize what is called the bankruptcy administrator, Trustee does not have prosecution powers, but is required by law to refer information regarding potential criminal violations of bankruptcy laws to the United States Attorney. Interim trustees serve by the U. S, Trustees appointment in Chapter 7 cases. Due to the infrequency of filing of petitions for Chapter 12 relief. Each judicial district has one or more Standing Chapter 13 Trustees, the Standing Trustees are responsible for the administration of all Chapter 13 cases filed in their judicial district. If for any reason all panel and/or standing trustees are disqualified or unable to perform, Trustee may serve as trustee for a particular case under Chapter 7,12 or 13. Trustees office conducts the first meeting of creditors in a Chapter 11 case, most Chapter 11s do not require the appointment of a trustee, however, in those cases which do, the U. S. Trustee oversees the trustees handling of the case and, for good cause. Trustee may not, however, serve as the trustee in Chapter 11. Along with the committees, the U. S. Trustee acts as the primary watchdog to ensure compliance with the Bankruptcy Code in cases where no trustee has been appointed, accounting staffers within the Trustees office review all debtor filings, and monitor trustee and attorney fees in all cases. Attorneys employed by the Trustee represent the office in United States bankruptcy court, the Executive Office for United States Trustees is part of The United States Department of Justice
4. United States bankruptcy court – United States bankruptcy courts are courts created under Article I of the United States Constitution. They function as units of the courts and have subject-matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. The federal district courts have original and exclusive jurisdiction over all cases arising under the bankruptcy code, each of the 94 federal judicial districts handles bankruptcy matters. The current system of courts was created by United States Congress in 1978. The bankruptcy judges in each district in regular active service constitute a unit of the applicable United States district court. The bankruptcy judge is appointed for a term of 14 years by the United States court of appeals for the circuit in which the district is located. Technically, the United States district courts have subject matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy matters, however, each such district court may, by order, refer bankruptcy matters to the bankruptcy court. As a practical matter, most district courts have a standing order to that effect, so that all bankruptcy cases in that district are handled, at least initially. In unusual circumstances, a court may in a particular case “withdraw the reference” under 28 U. S. C. The overwhelming majority of all proceedings in bankruptcy are held before a United States bankruptcy judge, in some judicial circuits, appeals may be taken to a Bankruptcy Appellate Panel. The Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure govern procedure in the U. S. bankruptcy courts, decisions of the Bankruptcy Courts are not collected and published in an official reporter produced by the government. Instead, the de facto official source for opinions of the Bankruptcy Courts is Wests Bankruptcy Reporter, Bankruptcy courts appoint a trustee to represent the interests of the creditors and administer the cases. Trustee appoints Chapter 7 trustees for a period of 1 year
5. Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure – They are the bankruptcy law counterpart to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Title I of the Bankruptcy Amendments and Federal Judgeship Act of 1984, 98–353, created a new bankruptcy judicial system in which the role of the district court was substantially increased. Pursuant to 28 U. S. C. §157 the district court may but need not refer cases and proceedings within the district courts jurisdiction to the bankruptcy judges for the district. Judgments or orders of the bankruptcy judges entered pursuant to 28 U. S. C. §157 and are subject to review by the district courts or bankruptcy appellate panels under 28 U. S. C. Provides that the rules do not apply to proceedings in bankruptcy, except as they may be made applicable by rules promulgated by the Supreme Court. This amended Bankruptcy Rule 1001 makes the Bankruptcy Rules applicable to cases and proceedings under title 11, Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure - Latest Edition Full text of the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure from the Legal Information Institute
6. Chapter 7, Title 11, United States Code – Chapter 7 of the Title 11 of the United States Code governs the process of liquidation under the bankruptcy laws of the United States. Chapter 7 is the most common form of bankruptcy in the United States, when a troubled business is unable to pay its creditors, it may file for bankruptcy in a federal court under Chapter 7. A Chapter 7 filing means that the business ceases operations unless those operations are continued by the Chapter 7 Trustee, a Chapter 7 trustee is appointed almost immediately, with broad powers to examine the businesss financial affairs. The Trustee generally liquidates the assets and distributes the proceeds to the creditors and this may or may not mean that all employees will lose their jobs. When a large company enters Chapter 7 bankruptcy, entire divisions of the company may be sold intact to other companies during the liquidation, the investors who took the least amount of risk prior to the bankruptcy are generally paid first. For example, secured creditors will have less risk, because the credit that they will have extended is usually backed by collateral. Secured creditors often know they will get paid first if the company declares bankruptcy, a creditor is fully secured if the value of the collateral for its loan to the debtor equals or exceeds the amount of the debt. For this reason, however, fully secured creditors are not entitled to participate in any distribution of liquidated assets that the bankruptcy trustee might make, in a Chapter 7 case, a corporation or partnership does not receive a bankruptcy discharge. An individual can receive a Chapter 7 discharge, once all assets of the corporate or partnership debtor have been fully administered, the case is closed. The debts of the corporation or partnership theoretically continue to exist until applicable statutory periods of limitations expire, individuals who reside, have a place of business, or own property in the United States may file for bankruptcy in a federal court under Chapter 7. Chapter 7, as other bankruptcy chapters, is not available to individuals who have had bankruptcy cases dismissed within the prior 180 days under specified circumstances. In a Chapter 7 bankruptcy, the individual is allowed to keep certain exempt property, the value of property that can be claimed as exempt varies from state to state. Other assets, if any, are sold by the trustee to repay creditors, many types of unsecured debt are legally discharged by the bankruptcy proceeding, but there are various types of debt that are not discharged in a Chapter 7. Spousal support is not covered by a bankruptcy filing, nor are property settlements through divorce. Despite their potential non-dischargeability, all debts must be listed on bankruptcy schedules, a chapter 7 bankruptcy stays on an individuals credit report for 10 years from the date of filing the chapter 7 petition. This contrasts with a chapter 13 bankruptcy, which stays on a credit report for 7 years from the date of filing the chapter 13 petition. This may make credit less available or may make lending terms less favorable and that must be balanced against the removal of actual debt from the filers record by the bankruptcy, which tends to improve creditworthiness. Consumer credit and creditworthiness is a subject, however
7. Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code – Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code is a chapter of the United States Bankruptcy Code, available exclusively to municipalities and assisting them in the restructuring of their debt. On July 18,2013, Detroit, Michigan became the largest city in the history of the United States to file for Chapter 9 Bankruptcy protection, Jefferson County, Alabama, in 2011 and Orange County, California, in 1994 are also notable examples. The term municipality denotes a political subdivision or public agency or instrumentality of a State, from 1937 to 2008 there were fewer than 600 municipal bankruptcies. As of June 2012 the total was around 640, in 2012 there were twelve chapter 9 bankruptcies in the United States, and five petitions have been filed in 2013. Since 2010,36 petitions have been filed, during the Great Depression, this approach proved impossible, so in 1934, the Bankruptcy Act was amended to extend to municipalities. The 1934 Amendment was declared unconstitutional in Ashton v. Cameron County Water District, however, a revised act remedying the constitutional deficiencies was passed again by Congress in 1937 and codified as Chapter X of the Bankruptcy Act. This revised act was upheld as constitutional by the Supreme Court in United States v. Bekins, Chapter IX was largely unchanged until it was amended in 1976 in response to New York Citys financial crisis. The changes made in 1976 were adopted nearly identically in the modern 1978 Bankruptcy Code as Chapter 9, in 1988, Chapter 9 was amended by Congress to provide statutory protection from §552 lien stripping provisions to revenue bonds issued by municipalities. This was addressed with the classification of these bonds as special revenues under the newly minted §928 and §922 exemption of special revenues from the automatic stay provisions of §362. To prevent overlap with Chapter 11, §101 of the U. S. Bankruptcy Code defines the person to exclude many governmental units as defined in §101. While in many similar to other forms of bankruptcy reorganization. Because municipalities are entities of State governments, the power of the court is limited to some extent by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Municipalities in 26 states must seek enactment of a specific statute particular to it authorizing the filing, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Kentucky simply give a state appointed official or body the power to approve a filing. Prichard, Alabama,1999, due to inability to pay pensions, desert Hot Springs, California,2001, due to losing a housing discrimination lawsuit. Millport, Alabama,2005, due to loss of tax revenues after factory closing. Los Osos, California,2006, debt related to a wastewater facility, moffett, Oklahoma,2007, due to loss of ability to issue traffic tickets. Gould, Arkansas,2008, due to spending money withheld to pay income taxes. Vallejo, California,2008, due to inability to pay pension obligations, westfall Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania,2009, due to losing a lawsuit Prichard, Alabama,2009, due to inability to pay pensions and especially state mandated pension increases
8. Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code – Chapter 11 is a chapter of Title 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, which permits reorganization under the bankruptcy laws of the United States. In contrast, Chapter 7 governs the process of a liquidation bankruptcy, when a business is unable to service its debt or pay its creditors, the business or its creditors can file with a federal bankruptcy court for protection under either Chapter 7 or Chapter 11. In Chapter 7, the business operations, a trustee sells all of its assets. Any residual amount is returned to the owners of the company, in Chapter 11, in most instances the debtor remains in control of its business operations as a debtor in possession, and is subject to the oversight and jurisdiction of the court. Chapter 11 retains many of the present in all, or most. It provides additional tools for debtors as well, most importantly,11 U. S. C. §1108 empowers the trustee to operate the debtors business. In Chapter 11, unless a separate trustee is appointed for cause, Chapter 11 affords the debtor in possession a number of mechanisms to restructure its business. A debtor in possession can acquire financing and loans on favorable terms by giving new lenders first priority on the businesss earnings, the court may also permit the debtor in possession to reject and cancel contracts. Debtors are also protected from other litigation against the business through the imposition of an automatic stay, an example of proceedings that are not necessarily stayed automatically are family law proceedings against a spouse or parent. Further, creditors may file with the court seeking relief from the automatic stay, all creditors are entitled to be heard by the court. The court is responsible for determining whether the proposed plan of reorganization complies with the bankruptcy law. Chapter 11 usually results in reorganization of the business or personal assets and debts. Debtors may emerge from a chapter 11 bankruptcy within a few months or within several years, depending on the size, the Bankruptcy Code accomplishes this objective through the use of a bankruptcy plan. The debtor in possession typically has the first opportunity to propose a plan during the period of exclusivity and this period allows the debtor 120 days from the date of filing for chapter 11, to propose a plan of reorganization before any other party in interest may propose a plan. With some exceptions, the plan may be proposed by any party in interest, interested creditors then vote for a plan. If the judge approves the plan and if the creditors all agree the plan can be confirmed. If at least one class of creditors votes against the plan and thus objects, in order to be confirmed over their objection the plan must not discriminate against that class of creditors, and the plan must be found fair and equitable to that class. Upon its confirmation, the plan becomes binding and identifies the treatment of debts, if the case is dismissed, creditors will look to non-bankruptcy law in order to satisfy their claims
9. Chapter 12, Title 11, United States Code – Chapter 12 of Title 11 of the United States Code, or simply chapter 12, is a chapter of the Bankruptcy Code. It is similar to Chapter 13 in structure, but it offers additional benefits to farmers and fishermen in certain circumstances, Chapter 12 is applicable only to family farmers and fishermen. For much of the history of law in the United States. The 1898 Bankruptcy Act contained no provisions, with one exception that farmers were immune from an involuntary bankruptcy petition. Section 75 was enacted by the Bankruptcy Act of 1933 and provided provisions for farmers. However, many of these provisions were limited in scope, in addition, section 75, as it was originally conceived, was a temporary measure. It was scheduled to expire on March 3,1938, the Frazier-Lemke Act expanded the scope of section 75, providing for stronger protections available to farmers operating under bankruptcy protection. These changes too were initially temporary, but they were extended a number of times until they ultimately expired on March 31,1949, by and large, after the expiration of section 75, farmers were subject to the same rules of bankruptcy as other debtors. The application of the rules was the case after the passage of the Bankruptcy Code of 1976 until 1986. Chapter 12 was added to the Bankruptcy Code in 1986 by the Bankruptcy Judges, United States Trustees and it went into effect on November 26,1986. The modification of the code were intended as an emergency response to tightening agricultural credit in the early and mid-1980s. The Act was to expire on October 1,1993. Chapter 12 provides additional benefits not available under chapter 13 and chapter 11 and these benefits include higher debt ceilings than those under chapter 13, and more advantageous exemptions
10. Chapter 13, Title 11, United States Code – Title 11 of the United States Code sets forth the statutes governing the various types of relief for bankruptcy in the United States. The purpose of chapter 13 is to enable an individual with a source of income to propose a chapter 13 plan that provides for their various classes of creditors. Under chapter 13, the Bankruptcy Court has the power to approve a chapter 13 plan without the approval of creditors as long as it meets the requirements under chapter 13. Chapter 13 plans are usually three to five years in length and may not exceed five years. Chapter 13 is in contrast to the purpose of Chapter 7, which does not provide for a plan of reorganization, but provides for the discharge of certain debt and the liquidation of non-exempt property. A chapter 13 plan may provide for the three categories of debt, priority claims, secured claims, priority unsecured claims. Chapter 13 plans are used to cure arrearages on a mortgage, avoid underwater junior mortgages or other liens, pay back taxes over time. In recent years, some courts have allowed Chapter 13 to be used as a platform to expedite a mortgage modification application. An individual who is badly in debt can typically file for bankruptcy either under Chapter 7 or Chapter 13, in some cases options may also include Chapter 12 and Chapter 11. Debtors may also be forced into bankruptcy by creditors in the case of an involuntary bankruptcy, however, in most instances the debtor may choose under which chapter to file. In the case of a bankruptcy, the debtor may also choose to convert from the forced chapter 7 or 11 proceeding into a proceeding under another chapter. The debtors financial characteristics and the type of relief sought plays a role in the choice of chapters. In some cases the debtor simply cannot file under Chapter 13, under Chapter 13, the debtor proposes a plan to pay his or her creditors over a 3-to-5 year period. This written plan details all of the transactions that will occur, during this period, his or her creditors cannot attempt to collect on the individuals previously incurred debt except through the bankruptcy court. The disadvantage of filing for personal bankruptcy is that, under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, but you may obtain new debt or credit after 12–24 months, and can get a new FHA mortgage loan 25 months after discharge and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loan after 36 months. But during the pendency of a Chapter 13 case the debtor is not permitted to obtain credit without the permission of the bankruptcy court. Moreover, creditors may not be willing to risk lending money to such an individual. However, this disadvantage is not unique to Chapter 13, it may apply to individuals currently in a Chapter 11 case
11. Chapter 15, Title 11, United States Code – Chapter 15, Title 11, United States Code is a section of the United States bankruptcy code that deals with jurisdiction. Under Chapter 15 a representative of a bankruptcy proceeding outside the U. S. can obtain access to the United States courts. It allows cooperation between the United States courts and the courts, as well as other authorities of foreign countries involved in cross-border insolvency cases. It happens with increasing frequency that a proceeding in one country has a connection to assets or information located in another. Because of the involvement of multiple jurisdictions, unique problems arise, in order to solve some of these problems, the United States enacted Section 304 of the U. S. Bankruptcy Code in 1978. Section 304 was repealed in 2005 and replaced with Chapter 15, titled Ancillary and this section has increased the range of options available in the United States in support of foreign bankruptcy proceedings. Chapter 15 incorporates the Model Law on Cross Border Insolvency drafted by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law, the ancillary proceeding permitted under Chapter 15 is often a more efficient and less costly alternative to initiating an independent bankruptcy proceeding in the United States. It also avoids the conflicts which could arise between the involved in two independent bankruptcy proceedings initiated in connection with the same debtor. Chapter 15 also establishes mechanisms for the cooperation between US and foreign courts and representatives regarding proceedings which involve the same debtor, whether the US courts will extend the additional assistance sought in connection with a foreign proceeding under Chapter 15 is a matter of discretion. Since the trial program was considered a success, Congress in 1984 ordered the creation of United States Trustees in all states except Alabama, Chapter 15 of Title 11 at LII-Cornell
12. Bankruptcy discharge – Some debts, such as alimony and childsupport, cannot be discharged in bankruptcy, while others, such as student loans, are difficult to discharge and are therefore rarely discharged. The benefit of the injunction is narrower than the benefit afforded by the automatic stay in bankruptcy. U. S. law also provides for specialized discharges in bankruptcy, in the United States, there are generally seven kinds of debtor discharges in bankruptcy, found in the following statutes,11 U. S. C. The effect of the discharge is provided for at 11 U. S. C. In addition, certain limitations on the debtors discharge are described at 11 U. S. C, for more information on the debtors discharge, see Bankruptcy in the United States. S. C. At the conclusion of a case the trustee may be discharged as trustee under 11 U. S. C
13. United States Code – The Code of Laws of the United States of America is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 52 titles, and a further three titles have been proposed, the main edition is published every six years by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives, and cumulative supplements are published annually. The official version of those laws not codified in the United States Code can be found in United States Statutes at Large, the official text of an Act of Congress is that of the enrolled bill presented to the President for his signature or disapproval. Upon enactment of a law, the bill is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register within the National Archives. After authorization from the OFR, copies are distributed as slip laws by the Government Printing Office, the Archivist assembles annual volumes of the enacted laws and publishes them as the United States Statutes at Large. By law, the text of the Statutes at Large is legal evidence of the laws enacted by Congress, slip laws are also competent evidence. The Statutes at Large, however, is not a convenient tool for legal research and it is arranged strictly in chronological order so that statutes addressing related topics may be scattered across many volumes. Statutes often repeal or amend laws, and extensive cross-referencing is required to determine what laws are in force at any given time. The United States Code is the result of an effort to make finding relevant and effective statutes simpler by reorganizing them by subject matter, the Code is maintained by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U. S. House of Representatives. The LRC updates the Code accordingly, because of this codification approach, a single named statute may or may not appear in a single place in the Code. Often, complex legislation bundles a series of provisions together as a means of addressing a social or governmental problem, for example, an Act providing relief for family farms might affect items in Title 7, Title 26, and Title 43. When the Act is codified, its various provisions might well be placed in different parts of those various Titles, usually, the individual sections of a statute are incorporated into the Code exactly as enacted, however, sometimes editorial changes are made by the LRC. Though authorized by statute, these changes do not constitute positive law, the authority for the material in the United States Code comes from its enactment through the legislative process and not from its presentation in the Code. For example, the United States Code omitted 12 U. S. C. §92 for decades, apparently because it was thought to have been repealed. In its 1993 ruling in U. S. National Bank of Oregon v. Independent Insurance Agents of America, by law, those titles of the United States Code that have not been enacted into positive law are prima facie evidence of the law in effect. The United States Statutes at Large remains the ultimate authority, if a dispute arises as to the accuracy or completeness of the codification of an unenacted title, the courts will turn to the language in the United States Statutes at Large. This process makes that title of the United States Code legal evidence of the law in force, where a title has been enacted into positive law, a court may neither permit nor require proof of the underlying original Acts of Congress. The distinction between enacted and unenacted titles is largely academic because the Code is nearly always accurate, the United States Code is routinely cited by the Supreme Court and other federal courts without mentioning this theoretical caveat
15. United States Government Publishing Office – The United States Government Publishing Office is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government. Following signature by the President, the change took effect on December 17,2014, the Government Publishing Office was created by congressional joint resolution on June 23,1860. It began operations March 4,1861, with 350 employees, for its entire history, GPO has occupied the corner of North Capitol Street NW and H Street NW in the District of Columbia. An additional structure was attached to its north in later years, the activities of GPO are defined in the public printing and documents chapters of Title 44 of the United States Code. The Public Printer, who serves as the head of GPO, is appointed by the President with the advice, the Public Printer selects a Superintendent of Documents. The Superintendent of Documents is in charge of the dissemination of information at the GPO, adelaide Hasse was the founder of the Superintendent of Documents classification system. GPO first used 100 percent recycled paper for the Congressional Record and Federal Register from 1991-1997, under Public Printers Robert Houk, GPO resumed using recycled paper in 2009. In March 2011, GPO issued a new illustrated official history covering the agencys 150 years of Keeping America Informed, following signature of this legislation by President Barack Obama, the name change took place on December 17,2014. By law, the Public Printer heads the GPO, Public Printers, Almon M. Clapp John D. Defrees Sterling P. Rounds Thomas E. Benedict Frank W. Palmer Thomas E. Benedict Frank W. Palmer, O. J. Tapella William J. United States Code United States Statutes at Large House Journal, the United States Department of State began issuing e-passports in 2006. GPO produces the blank e-Passport, while the Department of State receives and processes applications, GPO ceased production of legacy passports in May 2007, shifting production entirely to e-passports. In March 2008, the Washington Times published a story about the outsourcing of electronic passports to overseas companies. GPO designs, prints, encodes and personalizes Trusted Traveler Program cards for the Department of Homeland Security, Customs, cumulative Copyright Catalogs Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion Official Records of the American Civil War US Congressional Serial Set United States. Military Information Division, p. Publications, Issues 33-34, slocum, Carl Reichmann, Adna Romanga Chaffee. Reports on military operations in South Africa and China, cS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list Stephan LH. Slocum, Carl Reichmann, Adna Romanza Chaffee, United States, Reports on military operations in South Africa and China. CS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list United States, Bureau of Foreign Commerce, United States. Commercial relations of the United States with foreign countries during the years, cS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list United States
Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code [videos]
Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code is a chapter of the United States Bankruptcy Code, available exclusively to …
Image: Detroit bankruptcy