Source: http://www.bernaerts-sealaw.com/_A/a/36.html
Timestamp: 2018-11-15 06:14:17
Document Index: 761333653

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art. 55', 'Art. 57', 'Art. 5', 'Art. 74', 'Art. 298', 'Art. 75', 'Art. 55', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 59', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 88', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 88', 'Art. 60', 'Art. 60', 'Art. 60', 'Art. 260', 'Art. 59', 'Art. 297', 'Art. 55', 'Art. 57', 'Art. 5', 'Art. 74', 'Art. 298', 'Art. 75', 'Art. 55', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 59', 'Art. 56', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 88', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 58', 'Art. 88', 'Art. 60', 'Art. 60', 'Art. 60', 'Art. 260', 'Art. 59', 'Art. 297']

Book page 36-37
Section: Part V, Articles 55-75
The Convention gives coastal states the right to establish by proclamation an exclusive economic zone beyond and adjacent to the territorial sea[1]. This zone can extend to a maximum of 200 nautical miles, measured from the baseline used for determing the breadth of the territorial sea[2]. If the sea is not open for this distance, agreements are to be made with opposite or adjacent coastal states, a matter which can be excepted from compulsory dispute settlement.[3] The coastal state is to publish charts showing the zone and deposit a copy with the UN Secretary-General.[4] Within this zone of a maximum breadth of 188 nautical miles, the coastal state has sovereign rights for specific purposes,[5] but does not have sovereignty comparable with that which it enjoys in its territory or in the territorial sea; rather, it has - in the scope of the Convention provisions -sovereign rights related to resources and jurisdiction in respect to artificial installations, marine scientific research, and marine environment protection[6]. In granting these rights, however, the Convention also charges the coastal states with certain responsibilities and duties. Many of the regulatory provisions governing this section are not to be found here at all; instead, they are in other sections of the Convention, most notably in Part XII, regulations for the prevention of pollution, and in Part XIII, which regulates scientific research. Rights with respect to the sea�bed and its subsoil[7] are to be exercised in accordance with the regulatory provisions of Part VI, Continental Shelf[8]. Part V contains three groups of provisions:
___(a) general rights as mentioned and the corresponding duty to give due regard to the rights and duties of other states[9] ___(b) fisheries (see next chapter), and
___(c) a detailed provision concerning artificial islands (see below). The greatest impact comes from the sovereign rights of the coastal state to explore and exploit all living and non-living resources, from the subsoil to the wind[10].
[1] Art. 55 ,
[2] Art. 57; Art. 5-16 ,
[3] Art. 74; Art. 298 (1)(a) ,
[4] Art. 75, Para . 2 ,
[5] Art. 55, 56 ,
[6] Art. 56, Para . 1 ,
[7] Art. 56, Subpara. 1 (a) , [8] Art. 56, Para . 3 ,
[9] Art. 56, Para . 2; Art. 59 ,
[10] Art. 56, Subpara. 1 (a) ,
[11] Art. 58, Para . 1 ,
[12] Art. 58, Para . 2; Art. 88-115 ,
[13] Art. 58, Para . 1-2 ,
[14] Art. 58, Para . 3 , [15] Art. 58, Para . 2 ; Art. 88 ,
[16] Art. 60, Para . 1 ,
[17] Art. 60, Para . 2 ,
[18] Art. 60, Para . 3-7; Art. 260-262 ,
[19] Art. 59 ,
[20] Preamble, last paragraph ,
[21] Art. 297, Para . 1
However, the interests of other states are of no lesser significance, particularly with regard to navigation. Part V therefore includes provisions for the freedom of navigation and overflight, for the laying of submarine cables and pipelines, and other lawful uses of the sea related to these freedoms[11]. These freedoms can basically be exercised as on the high seas[12] but always in a manner compatible with applicable provisions of the Convention[13] and states must respect the coastal state's rights and duties when acting in its exclusive economic zone[14]. Consequently, the exclusive economic zone has to be treated as an ocean area which "shall be reserved for peaceful purposes[15].
The coastal state has the exclusive right to construct and to authorize and regulate the construction, operation, and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures[16], including jurisdiction in respect to customs, fiscal, health, safety, and immigration laws[17]. Due care is to be given to navigation matters[18].
Conflicts arising from the failure of the Convention to attribute rights or jurisdiction to a coastal state or to designate areas as being governed by the "freedom of the seas" are to be solved on the basis of equity and in the light of all the relevant circumstances[19], bearing in mind that matters not regulated by this Convention continue to be governed by rules and principles of general international law[20] But the common uses of the ocean (navigation, overflight, laying of cables) are always subject to compulsory dispute settlement[21].
[1] Art. 55 , [2] Art. 57; Art. 5-16 , [3] Art. 74; Art. 298 (1)(a) , [4] Art. 75, Para . 2 , [5] Art. 55, 56 , [6] Art. 56, Para . 1 , [7] Art. 56, Subpara. 1 (a) , [8] Art. 56, Para . 3 , [9] Art. 56, Para . 2; Art. 59 , [10] Art. 56, Subpara. 1 (a) , [11] Art. 58, Para . 1 , [12] Art. 58, Para . 2; Art. 88-115 , [13] Art. 58, Para . 1-2 , [14] Art. 58, Para . 3 , [15] Art. 58, Para . 2 ; Art. 88 , [16] Art. 60, Para . 1 , [17] Art. 60, Para . 2 , [18] Art. 60, Para . 3-7; Art. 260-262 , [19] Art. 59 , [20] Preamble, last paragraph , [21] Art. 297, Para . 1
- Coastal state. (Commentary)
- Exclusive Economic Zone. (Commentary)
- Artificial Islands and Structures. (Commentary)
- Marine Scientific Research. (Commentary)
Next page 38-39