Source: http://openjurist.org/955/f2d/170
Timestamp: 2015-12-01 07:52:04
Document Index: 312898771

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 2', '§ 2', '§ 2', '§ 2', '§ 2', '§ 3', '§ 3', '§ 3']

955 F2d 170 United States v. J Marsh | OpenJurist
955 F. 2d 170 - United States v. J Marsh HomeFederal Reporter, Second Series 955 F.2d.
955 F2d 170 United States v. J Marsh 955 F.2d 170
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee,v.Raymond J. MARSH, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 588, Docket 91-1429.
Argued Dec. 12, 1991.Decided Jan. 23, 1992.
The guideline calculation for Marsh's offense was made under the Guidelines in effect prior to November 1, 1989. Judge Kram started with a base offense level of 4, U.S.S.G. § 2B1.1 (1987), and added 13 levels for a bank loss exceeding $5 million, id. § 2B1.1(b)(1)(N) (current version, § 2B1.1(b)(1)(Q), which adds 16 levels). The District Judge then added two levels for more than minimal planning, id. § 2B1.1(b)(4) (current version, § 2B1.1(b)(5), and two more levels for abuse of a position of trust in a manner that significantly facilitated commission of the crime, id. § 3B1.3. Judge Kram then made a two-level reduction for acceptance of responsibility, id. § 3E1.1(a), for an adjusted offense level of 19. In Criminal History Category I, the applicable sentencing range was 30 to 37 months. Judge Kram imposed a sentence of 37 months, a $1 million fine, $1.5 million in restitution, and three years of supervised release.
Contrary to Marsh's claim, the District Court did not impermissibly double count by adding two levels for more than minimal planning and an additional two levels for abuse of a position of trust. These are not duplicative enhancements, reflecting identical facets of Marsh's conduct. An embezzlement offense can be committed by one who abuses his position of trust without more than minimal planning. And a person not subject to the abuse of trust enhancement, such as an ordinary bank teller, see id. § 3B1.3, comment. (n. 1), can commit the offense with more than minimal planning. When a ranking bank officer abuses his position of trust to facilitate commission of a crime and engages in more than minimal planning, he is properly subject to both enhancements. See United States v. Georgiadis, 933 F.2d 1219 (3d Cir.1991); see also United States v. Harotunian, 920 F.2d 1040 (1st Cir.1990) (affirming unchallenged imposition of both enhancements).
United States v. McElroy, 910 F.2d 1016 (2d Cir.1990), provides no support for appellant. Contrary to his assertion, enhancements for both more than minimal planning and abuse of trust were made in that case, as the District Judge's sentencing remarks make clear; the planning enhancement was not challenged on appeal.
Appellant's double jeopardy claim is entirely without merit. Since the sentence was within statutory limits, the double jeopardy challenge to the extent of punishment fails. Ohio v. Johnson, 467 U.S. 493, 499, 104 S.Ct. 2536, 2540-41, 81 L.Ed.2d 425 (1984).