Source: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2011-title42/html/USCODE-2011-title42-chap7-subchapII-sec423.htm
Timestamp: 2019-01-18 18:33:29
Document Index: 319133238

Matched Legal Cases: ['§223', '§103', '§202', '§303', '§401', '§102', '§302', '§105', '§104', '§335', '§102', '§302', '§5', '§6', '§2', '§201', '§309', '§2', '§2661', '§2', '§12107', '§1883', '§9009', '§8001', '§10101', '§5102', '§107', '§201', '§321', '§102', '§112', '§211', '§102', '§107', '§107', '§201', '§107', '§107', '§321', '§321', '§107', '§5103', '§5103', '§5103', '§5103', '§5102', '§5102', '§10305', '§10101', '§10305', '§10101', '§8006', '§8006', '§9010', '§9010', '§9009', '§9009', '§2663', '§7', '§7', '§201', '§201', '§2662', '§309', '§102', '§104', '§118', '§104', '§116', '§158', '§158', '§105', '§303', '§302', '§303', '§303', '§303', '§102', '§102', '§102', '§303', '§402', '§402', '§204', '§202']

(E) is under a disability (as defined in subsection (d) of this section)
(B) in the case of an individual who has attained the age of 55 and is blind (within the meaning of “blindness” as defined in section 416(i)(1) of this title), inability by reason of such blindness to engage in substantial gainful activity requiring skills or abilities comparable to those of any gainful activity in which he has previously engaged with some regularity and over a substantial period of time.
(3) For purposes of this subsection, a “physical or mental impairment” is an impairment that results from anatomical, physiological, or psychological abnormalities which are demonstrable by medically acceptable clinical and laboratory diagnostic techniques.
(4)(A) The Commissioner of Social Security shall by regulations prescribe the criteria for determining when services performed or earnings derived from services demonstrate an individual's ability to engage in substantial gainful activity. No individual who is blind shall be regarded as having demonstrated an ability to engage in substantial gainful activity on the basis of earnings that do not exceed an amount equal to the exempt amount which would be applicable under section 403(f)(8) of this title, to individuals described in subparagraph (D) thereof, if section 102 of the Senior Citizens’ Right to Work Act of 1996 had not been enacted. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2), an individual whose services or earnings meet such criteria shall, except for purposes of section 422(c) of this title, be found not to be disabled. In determining whether an individual is able to engage in substantial gainful activity by reason of his earnings, where his disability is sufficiently severe to result in a functional limitation requiring assistance in order for him to work, there shall be excluded from such earnings an amount equal to the cost (to such individual) of any attendant care services, medical devices, equipment, prostheses, and similar items and services (not including routine drugs or routine medical services unless such drugs or services are necessary for the control of the disabling condition) which are necessary (as determined by the Commissioner of Social Security in regulations) for that purpose, whether or not such assistance is also needed to enable him to carry out his normal daily functions; except that the amounts to be excluded shall be subject to such reasonable limits as the Commissioner of Social Security may prescribe.
(2) No benefit shall be payable under section 402 of this title on the basis of the wages and self-employment income of an individual entitled to a benefit under subsection (a)(1) of this section for any month for which the benefit of such individual under subsection (a)(1) of this section is not payable under paragraph (1).
A recipient of benefits under this subchapter or subchapter XVIII of this chapter based on the disability of any individual may be determined not to be entitled to such benefits on the basis of a finding that the physical or mental impairment on the basis of which such benefits are provided has ceased, does not exist, or is not disabling only if such finding is supported by—
(3) In determining whether an individual meets the requirements of paragraph (1)(B)(ii), the provisions of subsection (f) of this section shall apply.
(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title II, §223, as added Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 836, title I, §103(a), 70 Stat. 815; amended Pub. L. 85–840, title II, §§202, 204(b), Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 1020, 1021; Pub. L. 86–778, title III, §303(f), title IV, §§401(a), (b), 402(a)–(d), 403(b), Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 964, 967, 969; Pub. L. 87–64, title I, §102(b)(2)(B), (C), (c)(2)(C), (3)(D), (E), June 30, 1961, 75 Stat. 134, 135; Pub. L. 89–97, title III, §§302(e), 303(a)(2), (b)(3), (4), (c), 304(m), (n), 328(c), 344(b)–(d), July 30, 1965, 79 Stat. 366, 367, 370, 400, 413; Pub. L. 90–248, title I, §§105(b), 158(a), (b), (c)(6)–(8), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 833, 867–869; Pub. L. 92–603, title I, §§104(c), (d), 116(a), 117(b), 118(a), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1340, 1350, 1351; Pub. L. 95–216, title III, §335, Dec. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 1547; Pub. L. 96–265, title I, §102(b), title III, §§302(a)(1), 303(b)(1)(A), (2)(A), 306(c), 309(a), June 9, 1980, 94 Stat. 443, 450, 451, 453, 458, 459; Pub. L. 96–473, §5(a)(1), (c), Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2264, 2265; Pub. L. 97–123, §6, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1664; Pub. L. 97–455, §2, Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2498; Pub. L. 98–21, title II, §201(c)(1)(E), (3), title III, §§309(o), 332(b), 339(b), Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 109, 117, 129, 134; Pub. L. 98–118, §2, Oct. 11, 1983, 97 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 98–369, div. B, title VI, §§2661(m), 2662(c)(2), (i), 2663(a)(16), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 1158–1160, 1165; Pub. L. 98–460, §§2(a), 3(a)(1), 4(a)(1), 7(a), 9(b)(1), Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1794, 1799, 1800, 1803, 1805; Pub. L. 99–272, title XII, §12107(b), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 286; Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, §1883(a)(10), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2916; Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §§9009, 9010(a), (e)(2), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–293, 1330–294; Pub. L. 100–647, title VIII, §§8001(a), 8006, Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3778, 3781; Pub. L. 101–239, title X, §§10101, 10305(c), (d), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2471, 2483; Pub. L. 101–508, title V, §§5102, 5103(a), (b)(2)–(5), 5118(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–250, 1388–251, 1388–278; Pub. L. 103–296, title I, §107(a)(4), title II, §201(a)(4)(A), title III, §321(a)(19), (f)(1), Aug. 15, 1994, 108 Stat. 1478, 1499, 1537, 1540; Pub. L. 104–121, title I, §§102(b)(2), 105(a)(1), Mar. 29, 1996, 110 Stat. 848, 852; Pub. L. 106–170, title I, §112(a), Dec. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 1881; Pub. L. 108–203, title II, §211(b), Mar. 2, 2004, 118 Stat. 518.)
Subsec. (d)(4)(A). Pub. L. 104–121, §102(b)(2), substituted “an amount equal to the exempt amount which would be applicable under section 403(f)(8) of this title, to individuals described in subparagraph (D) thereof, if section 102 of the Senior Citizens’ Right to Work Act of 1996 had not been enacted” for “the exempt amount under section 403(f)(8) of this title which is applicable to individuals described in subparagraph (D) thereof”.
1994—Subsecs. (b), (d)(2)(B). Pub. L. 103–296, §107(a)(4), substituted “Commissioner of Social Security” for “Secretary” wherever appearing.
Pub. L. 103–296, §107(a)(4), in par. (4) as amended by Pub. L. 103–296, §201(a)(4)(A), substituted “Commissioner of Social Security” for “Secretary” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 103–296, §107(a)(4), substituted “Commissioner of Social Security” for “Secretary” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–296, §107(a)(4), substituted “Commissioner of Social Security” for “Secretary” in two places in closing provisions.
Subsec. (f)(2)(A). Pub. L. 103–296, §321(f)(1)(A), struck out “(in a case to which clause (ii)(II) does not apply)” after “new medical evidence and” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (f)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 103–296, §321(f)(1)(B), added cl. (ii) and struck out former cl. (ii) which read as follows: “the requirements of subclause (I) or (II) of subparagraph (A)(ii) are met; or”.
Subsecs. (g), (h). Pub. L. 103–296, §107(a)(4), substituted “Commissioner of Social Security” for “Secretary” wherever appearing, “the Commissioner's” for “his” in subsec. (h)(1), and “Commissioner's” for “Secretary's” in subsec. (h)(2).
1990—Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 101–508, §5103(a)(1), struck out “(except a widow, surviving divorced wife, widower, or surviving divorced husband for purposes of section 402(e) or (f) of this title)” after “An individual”.
Subsec. (d)(2)(B), (C). Pub. L. 101–508, §5103(a)(2), (3), redesignated subpar. (C) as (B) and struck out former subpar. (B) which read as follows: “A widow, surviving divorced wife, widower, or surviving divorced husband shall not be determined to be under a disability (for purposes of section 402(e) or (f) of this title) unless his or her physical or mental impairment or impairments are of a level of severity which under regulations prescribed by the Secretary is deemed to be sufficient to preclude an individual from engaging in any gainful activity.”
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–508, §5103(b)(5), struck out “(or gainful activity in the case of a widow, surviving divorced wife, widower, or surviving divorced husband),” after “gainful activity” in two places in first sentence following par. (4).
Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 101–508, §5103(b)(4), substituted “therefore the individual is able to engage in substantial gainful activity; or” for “therefore—” and subpars. (A) and (B) which read as follows:
Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 101–508, §5102(1), inserted “or” before “(ii)” and substituted “pending” for “pending, or (iii) June 1991” before period at end.
Subsec. (g)(3). Pub. L. 101–508, §5102(2), struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “The provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) shall apply with respect to determinations (that individuals are not entitled to benefits) which are made—
1989—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–239, §10305(c), inserted after first sentence of concluding provisions “In making for purposes of the preceding sentence any determination relating to fraudulent behavior by any individual or failure by any individual without good cause to cooperate or to take any required action, the Secretary shall specifically take into account any physical, mental, educational, or linguistic limitation such individual may have (including any lack of facility with the English language).”
Subsec. (g)(1)(iii). Pub. L. 101–239, §10101(1), substituted “1991” for “1990”.
Subsec. (g)(2)(B). Pub. L. 101–239, §10305(d), inserted at end “In making for purposes of this subparagraph any determination of whether any individual's appeal is made in good faith, the Secretary shall specifically take into account any physical, mental, educational, or linguistic limitation such individual may have (including any lack of facility with the English language).”
Subsec. (g)(3)(B). Pub. L. 101–239, §10101(2), substituted “1991” for “1990”.
1988—Subsec. (g)(1)(iii). Pub. L. 100–647, §8006(1), substituted “June 1990” for “June 1989”.
Subsec. (g)(3)(B). Pub. L. 100–647, §8006(2), substituted “January 1, 1990” for “January 1, 1989”.
1987—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 100–203, §9010(a), substituted “36 months” for “15 months”.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–203, §9010(e)(2), substituted “36-month period” for “15-month period”.
Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 100–203, §9009(1), substituted “June 1989” for “June 1988” in cl. (iii) at end.
Subsec. (g)(3)(B). Pub. L. 100–203, §9009(2), substituted “January 1, 1989” for “January 1, 1988”.
Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 98–369, §2663(a)(16), substituted “An individual” for “an individual”.
Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 98–460, §7(a)(1), in provisions following subpar. (C) substituted reference to benefits under this subchapter for reference to benefits under this chapter, inserted references to the payment of mother's or father's insurance benefits to such individual's mother or father based on the disability of such individual as a child who has attained age 16, substituted reference to benefits under subchapter XVIII of this chapter based on such individual's disability for reference to benefits under subchapter XVIII of this chapter, and substituted “June 1988” for “June 1984” in cl. (iii).
Subsec. (g)(3)(B). Pub. L. 98–460, §7(a)(2), substituted “January 1, 1988” for “December 7, 1983”.
1983—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–21, §201(c)(1)(E), substituted “retirement age (as defined in section 416(l) of this title)” for “age 65”.
Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 98–21, §201(c)(3), as amended by Pub. L. 98–369, §2662(c)(2), substituted “retirement age (as defined in section 416(l) of this title)” for “the age of sixty-five”.
Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 98–21, §309(o), substituted “widower, or surviving divorced husband” for “or widower” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–265, §102(b), substituted “Except as provided in section 402(q) and section 415(b)(2)(A)(ii) of this title” for “Except as provided in section 402(q) of this title”.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 92–603, §§104(c), 118(a)(2). struck out “(if a woman) or age 65 (if a man)” after “attained age 62” and substituted “an individual” for “a woman”, “in which he attained age 62” for “in which she attained age 62”, and “the application for disability insurance benefits was filed and he was” for “he filed his application for disability insurance benefits and was”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 92–603, §118(a)(3), substituted “if such application is filed” for “if he files such application”.
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 92–603, §§104(d), 117(b), struck out “(if a woman) or age 65 (if a man)” after “attained age 62” in subpar. (A) and in provisions following subpar. (B) inserted provisions eliminating the disability insured status requirement of substantial recent covered work in the case of individuals who are blind.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 92–603, §§116(a), 118(a)(4), substituted “five consecutive calendar months” for “six consecutive calendar months” in provisions preceding subpar. (A), substituted “with respect to whom such application is filed” for “who files such application” in subpar. (A), and substituted “seventeenth” for “eighteenth” in subpar. (B).
1968—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 90–248, §158(c)(6)–(8), substituted in subpar. (D) reference to “subsection (d)” for “subsection (c)(2)”, in text of first sentence following subpar. (D) reference to “subsection (c)(2)” for “subsection (c)(3)”, and in last sentence following subpar. (D) reference to “subsection (d) except for paragraph (1)(B) thereof” for “subsection (c)(2) except for subparagraph (B) thereof”, respectively.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90–248, §158(a), restricted heading to definitions of “insured status” and “waiting period”, struck out former par. (2) defining “disability” and requiring medical and other evidence of disability, now incorporated in subsec. (d)(1)(A), (5) of this section, and redesignated former par. (3) as (2).
Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 90–248, §105(b), substituted in cl. (ii) “before the quarter in which he attains” for “before he attains” and struck out “and he is under a disability by reason of blindness (as defined in section 416(i)(1) of this title)” after “age 31”.
1965—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 89–97, §§303(b)(3), 344(c), struck out from subpar. (D) “at the time such application is filed,” after parenthetical provision and from provisions following subpar. (D) “the first month for which he is entitled to old-age insurance benefits” after “age 65,”; and prohibit payment to an individual who would not meet the definition of disability in subsec. (c)(2) except for subpar. (B) thereof for any month in which he engages in substantial gainful activity, and payment for such month under subsec. (b), (c), or (d) of section 402 of this title to any person on the basis of the wages and self-employment income of such individual, respectively.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 89–97, §§302(e), 304(m), inserted in first sentence “and was entitled to an old-age insurance benefit for each month for which (pursuant to subsection (b) of this section) he was entitled to a disability insurance benefit” and “Except as provided in section 402(q) of this title” and in last sentence substituted “shall not include the year” for “shall not include the first year” and struck out “both was fully insured and had” before “attained age 62” in two places, respectively.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 89–97, §§303(c), 328(c), struck out from last sentence “after June 1957” after “for any months” and substituted “before” for “prior to” where first appearing and “if he files such application before the end of the 12th month immediately succeeding such month” for “if he is continuously under a disability after such month and until he files application therefor and he files said application prior to the end of the twelfth month immediately succeeding such month”; and substituted provisions calling for an application for benefits filed before the first month in which the applicant satisfies the requirements for such benefits to be deemed a valid application only if the applicant satisfies the requirements before the Secretary makes a final decision on the application and calling for the application to be deemed filed in the first month if the applicant is found to satisfy the requirements for provisions placing an outer limit on the time prior to entitlement during which an application would be deemed filed during the first month prior to entitlement, respectively.
Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 89–97, §303(a)(2), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and substituted “which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months; or” for “to be of long-continued and indefinite duration”.
Subsec. (c)(3)(A). Pub. L. 89–97, §303(b)(4), struck out “which continues until such application is filed” after “disability”.
1961—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 87–64, §102(b)(2)(C), substituted “the month in which he attains age 65, the first month for which he is entitled to old-age insurance benefits” for “the month in which he attains the age of sixty-five”.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 87–64, §102(c)(2)(C), (3)(D), substituted “as though he had attained age 62 (if a woman) or age 65 (if a man)” for “as though he had attained retirement age”, and “fully insured and had attained age 62” for “fully insured and had attained retirement age”, in two places.
Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 87–64, §102(c)(3)(E), substituted “attained age 62 (if a woman) or age 65 (if a man)” for “attained retirement age”.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 86–778, §303(f), amended generally subsec. (a)(2), as amended by section 402(b) of Pub. L. 86–778 which read as follows: “Such individual's disability insurance benefit for any month shall be equal to his primary insurance amount for such month determined under section 415 of this title as though he became entitled to old-age insurance benefits in—
Pub. L. 86–778, §402(b), amended subsec. (a)(2) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a)(2) read as follows: “Such individual's disability insurance benefit for any month shall be equal to his primary insurance amount for such month determined under section 415 of this title as though he became entitled to old-age insurance benefits in the first month of his waiting period.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–778, §402(c), (d), prohibited acceptance of an application, in any case in which cl. (ii) of par. (1) of subsec. (a) of this section is applicable, if it is filed more than six months before the first month for which the applicant becomes entitled to benefits, inserted provisions requiring any application filed within the nine months’ period or six months’ period, as the case may be, to be deemed to have been filed in such first month, and substituted “if he is continuously under a disability after such month and until he files application therefor, and he files such application” for “if he files application therefor”.
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 85–840, §204(b), substituted “fully insured” for “fully and currently insured” in cl. (A).
Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 85–840, §202(b), inserted “which continues until such application is filed” after “under a disability” in cl. (A), and substituted “eighteenth month” for “sixth month” in three instances in cl. (B).
“(1) In general.—The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1383 of this title] shall take effect on the first day of the thirteenth month beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 17, 1999].
“(2) Limitation.—No benefit shall be payable under title II or XVI [of the Social Security Act, subchapter II or XVI of this chapter] on the basis of a request for reinstatement filed under section 223(i) or 1631(p) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 423(i), 1383(p)) before the effective date described in paragraph (1).”
Section 5118(b) of Pub. L. 101–508 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to benefits for months after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 5, 1990].”
Section 8001(c) of Pub. L. 100–647 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1383 of this title] shall apply to determinations by administrative law judges of entitlement to benefits made after 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 10, 1988].”
Section 2(d) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that:
“(1) The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 416 and 1382c of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall apply only as provided in this subsection.
“(A) determinations made by the Secretary on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984];
“(B) determinations with respect to which a final decision of the Secretary has not yet been made as of the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984] and with respect to which a request for administrative review is made in conformity with the time limits, exhaustion requirements, and other provisions of section 205 of the Social Security Act [section 405 of this title] and regulations of the Secretary;
“(C) determinations with respect to which a request for judicial review was pending on September 19, 1984, and which involve an individual litigant or a member of a class in a class action who is identified by name in such pending action on such date; and
“(D) determinations with respect to which a timely request for judicial review is or has been made by an individual litigant of a final decision of the Secretary made within 60 days prior to the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984].
“(3) In the case of a recipient of benefits under title II, XVI, or XVIII of the Social Security Act [this subchapter or subchapter XVI or XVIII of this chapter]—
“(A) who has been determined not to be entitled to such benefits on the basis of a finding that the physical or mental impairment on the basis of which such benefits were provided has ceased, does not exist, or is not disabling, and
“(B) who was a member of a class certified on or before September 19, 1984, in a class action relating to medical improvement pending on September 19, 1984, but was not identified by name as a member of the class on such date,
“(4) The decision by the Secretary on a case remanded by a court pursuant to this subsection shall be regarded as a new decision on the individual's claim for benefits, which supersedes the final decision of the Secretary. The new decision shall be subject to further administrative review and to judicial review only in conformity with the time limits, exhaustion requirements, and other provisions of section 205 of the Social Security Act [section 405 of this title] and regulations issued by the Secretary in conformity with such section.
“(5) No class in a class action relating to medical improvement may be certified after September 19, 1984, if the class action seeks judicial review of a decision terminating entitlement (or a period of disability) made by the Secretary of Health and Human Services prior to September 19, 1984.
“(6) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘action relating to medical improvement’ means an action raising the issue of whether an individual who has had his entitlement to benefits under title II, XVI, or XVIII of the Social Security Act [this subchapter or subchapter XVI or XVIII of this chapter] based on disability terminated (or period of disability ended) should not have had such entitlement terminated (or period of disability ended) without consideration of whether there has been medical improvement in the condition of such individual (or another individual on whose disability such entitlement is based) since the time of a prior determination that the individual was under a disability.”
Section 3(a)(3) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that: “The amendments made by paragraphs (1) and (2) [amending this section and section 1382c of this title] shall apply to determinations made prior to January 1, 1987.”
Section 4(c) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 416 and 1382c of this title] shall apply with respect to determinations made on or after the first day of the first month beginning after 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984].”
Section 9(b)(2) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that: “The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section] shall apply to determinations made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984].”
Section 302(c) of Pub. L. 96–265 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 1382a and 1382c of this title] shall apply with respect to expenses incurred on or after the first day of the sixth month which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 9, 1980].”
Section 309(b) of Pub. L. 96–265 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to evidence requested on or after the first day of the sixth month which begins after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 9, 1980].”
Section 116(e) of Pub. L. 92–603 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 402 and 416 of this title] shall be effective with respect to applications for disability insurance benefits under section 223 of the Social Security Act [this section], applications for widow's and widower's insurance benefits based on disability under section 202 of such Act [section 402 of this title], and applications for disability determinations under section 216(i) of such Act [section 416(i) of this title], filed—
“(1) in or after the month in which this Act is enacted [October 1972], or
“(A) notice of the final decision of the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare has not been given to the applicant before such month, or
“(B) the notice referred to in subparagraph (A) has been so given before such month but a civil action with respect to such final decision is commenced under section 205(g) of the Social Security Act [section 405(g) of this title] (whether before, in, or after such month) and the decision in such civil action has not become final before such month;
except that no monthly benefits under title II of the Social Security Act [this subchapter] shall be payable or increased by reason of the amendments made by this section for any month before January 1973.”
Section 117(c) of Pub. L. 92–603 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 416 of this title] shall be effective with respect to applications for disability insurance benefits under section 223 of the Social Security Act [this section], and for disability determinations under section 216(i) of such Act [section 416(i) of this title], filed—
“(1) in or after the month in which this Act is enacted, or
“(A) notice of the final decision of the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare has not been given to the applicant before such month; or
except that no monthly benefits under title II of the Social Security Act [this subchapter] shall be payable or increased by reason of the amendments made by this section for months before January 1973.”
Section 158(e) of Pub. L. 90–248 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 402, 416, 421, 422, and 425 of this title] shall be effective with respect to applications for disability insurance benefits under section 223 of the Social Security Act [this section], and for disability determinations under section 216(i) of such Act [section 416(i) of this title], filed—
“(1) in or after the month in which this Act is enacted [January 1968], or
“(B) the notice referred to in subparagraph (A) has been so given before such month but a civil action with respect to such final decision is commenced under section 205(g) of the Social Security Act [section 405(g) of this title] (whether before, in, or after such month) and the decision in such civil action has not become final before such month.”
Section 303(f)(1) of Pub. L. 89–97 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section and section 416 of this title], paragraphs (3) and (4) of subsection (b) [amending this section], and subsections (c) and (d) [amending this section and section 402 of this title], and the provisions of subparagraphs (B) and (E) of section 216(i)(2) of the Social Security Act [section 416(i)(2) of this title] (as amended by subsection (b)(1) of this section), shall be effective with respect to applications for disability insurance benefits under section 223 [this section], and for disability determinations under section 216(i), of the Social Security Act filed—
“(A) in or after the month in which this Act is enacted [July 1965], or
“(i) notice of the final decision of the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare has not been given to the applicant before such month; or
“(ii) the notice referred to in subparagraph (i) has been so given before such month but a civil action with respect to such final decision is commenced under section 205(g) of the Social Security Act [section 405(g) of this title] (whether before, in, or after such month) and the decision in such civil action has not become final before such month;
except that no monthly insurance benefits under title II of the Social Security Act [this subchapter] shall be payable or increased by reason of the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and section 416 of this title] for months before the second month following the month in which this Act is enacted [July 1965]. The preceding sentence shall also be applicable in the case of applications for monthly insurance benefits under title II of the Social Security Act based on the wages and self-employment income of an applicant with respect to whose application for disability insurance benefits under section 223 of such Act [this section] such preceding sentence is applicable.”
Section 303(f) of Pub. L. 86–778 provided that the amendment made by such section 303(f) is effective with respect to individuals who become entitled to benefits under this section after 1960.
Section 401(c) of Pub. L. 86–778 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply only with respect to monthly benefits under sections 202 and 223 of the Social Security Act [this section and section 402 of this title] for months after the month following the month in which this Act is enacted [September 1960] which are based on the wages and self-employment income of an individual who did not attain the age of fifty in or prior to the month following the month in which this Act is enacted, but only where applications for such benefits are filed in or after the month in which this Act is enacted.”
Section 402(f) of Pub. L. 86–778 provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section] shall apply only with respect to benefits under section 223 of the Social Security Act [this section] for the month in which this Act is enacted [September 1960] and subsequent months. The amendment made by subsection (c) [amending this section] shall apply only in the case of applications for benefits under such section 223 filed after the seventh month before the month in which this Act is enacted. The amendment made by subsection (d) [amending this section] shall apply only in the case of applications for benefits under such section 223 filed in or after the month in which this Act is enacted. The amendment made by subsection (e) [amending section 416 of this title] shall apply only in the case of individuals who become entitled to benefits under such section 223 in or after the month in which this Act is enacted.”
Section 103(d) of act Aug. 1, 1956, provided that:
“(1) The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section and sections 424 and 425 of this title] shall apply only with respect to monthly benefits under title II of the Social Security Act [this subchapter] for months after June 1957.
“(2) For purposes of determining entitlement to a disability insurance benefit for any month after June 1957 and before December 1957, an application for disability insurance benefits filed by any individual after July 1957 and before January 1958 shall be deemed to have been filed during the first month after June 1957 for which such individual would (without regard to this paragraph) have been entitled to a disability insurance benefit had he filed application before the end of such month.”
Section 2(e) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that: “Any individual whose case is remanded to the Secretary pursuant to subsection (d) [set out as a note above] or whose request for a review is made in a timely manner pursuant to subsection (d), may elect, in accordance with section 223(g) or 1631(a)(7) of the Social Security Act [subsec. (g) of this section or section 1383(a)(7) of this title], to have payments made beginning with the month in which he makes such election, and ending as under such section 223(g) or 1631(a)(7). Notwithstanding such section 223(g) or 1631(a)(7), such payments (if elected)—
“(1) shall be made at least until an initial redetermination is made by the Secretary; and
“(2) shall begin with the payment for the month in which such individual makes such election.”
Section 2(f) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that: “In the case of any individual who is found to be under a disability after a review required under this section, such individual shall be entitled to retroactive benefits beginning with benefits payable for the first month to which the most recent termination of benefits applied.”
Section 2(g) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that: “The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall prescribe regulations necessary to implement the amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 416 and 1382c of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984].”
Section 3(b) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that:
“(1) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall appoint a Commission on the Evaluation of Pain (hereafter in this section referred to as the ‘Commission’) to conduct a study concerning the evaluation of pain in determining under titles II and XVI of the Social Security Act [sections 401 et seq., 1381 et seq. of this title] whether an individual is under a disability. Such study shall be conducted in consultation with the National Academy of Sciences.
“(2) The Commission shall consist of at least twelve experts, including a significant representation from the field of medicine who are involved in the study of pain, and representation from the fields of law, administration of disability insurance programs, and other appropriate fields of expertise.
“(3) The Commission shall be appointed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (without regard to the requirements of the Federal Advisory Committee Act [Pub. L. 92–463, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees]) within 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984]. The Secretary shall from time to time appoint one of the members to serve as Chairman. The Commission shall meet as often as the Secretary deems necessary.
“(4) Members of the Commission shall be appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service. Members who are not employees of the United States, while attending meetings of the Commission or otherwise serving on the business of the Commission, shall be paid at a rate equal to the per diem equivalent of the rate provided for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day, including traveltime, during which they are engaged in the actual performance of duties vested in the Commission. While engaged in the performance of such duties away from their homes or regular places of business they may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for persons in the Government service employed intermittently.
“(5) The Commission may engage such technical assistance from individuals skilled in medical and other aspects of pain as may be necessary to carry out its functions. The Secretary shall make available to the Commission such secretarial, clerical, and other assistance and any pertinent data prepared by the Department of Health and Human Services as the Commission may require to carry out its functions.
“(6) The Secretary shall submit the results of the study under paragraph (1), together with any recommendations, to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate not later than December 31, 1985. The Commission shall terminate at the time such results are submitted.”
Section 7(c) of Pub. L. 98–460 provided that:
“(1) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, as soon as practicable after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 9, 1984], conduct a study concerning the effect which the enactment and continued operation of section 223(g) of the Social Security Act [subsec. (g) of this section] is having on expenditures from the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund, the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund, and the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund, and the rate of appeals to administrative law judges of unfavorable determinations relating to disability or periods of disability.
“(2) The Secretary shall submit the results of the study under paragraph (1), together with any recommendations, to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate not later than July 1, 1986.”
Section 133 of Pub. L. 92–603 provided that:
“(a) If an individual would (upon the timely filing of an application for a disability determination under section 216(i) of the Social Security Act [section 416(i) of this title]) and of an application for disability insurance benefits under section 223 of such Act [this section]) have been entitled to disability insurance benefits under such section 223 for a period which began after 1959 and ended prior to 1964, such individual shall, upon filing application for disability insurance benefits under such section 223 with respect to such period not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this section [Oct. 30, 1972], be entitled, notwithstanding any other provision of title II of the Social Security Act [this subchapter], to receive in a lump sum as disability insurance benefits payable under section 223, an amount equal to the total amounts of disability insurance benefits which would have been payable to him for such period if he had timely filed such an application for a disability determination and such an application for disability insurance benefits with respect to such period; but only if—
“(1) prior to the date of enactment of this section and after the date of enactment of the Social Security Amendments of 1967 [Jan. 2, 1968] such period was determined (under section 216(i) of the Social Security Act [section 416(i) of this title]) to be a period of disability as to such individual; and
“(2) the application giving rise to the determination (under such section 216(i)) that such period is a period of disability as to such individual would not have been accepted as an application for such a determination except for the provisions of section 216(i)(2)(F).
“(b) No payment shall be made to any individual by reason of the provisions of subsection (a) except upon the basis of an application filed after the date of enactment of this section.”