Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US7963825?dq=7751826
Timestamp: 2014-07-24 07:46:19
Document Index: 535662265

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2006100585449', 'Application No. 98961410', 'Application No. 98', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 9', 'Application No. 2001', 'Application No. 8', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 9', 'Application No. 207866', 'Application No. 259138', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2003', 'Application No. 2006', 'Application No. 2008', 'Application No. 2001', 'Application No. 2001', 'Application No. 10611', 'Application No. 200610058544', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10']

Patent US7963825 - Abrasive, method of polishing target member and process for producing ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsTo polish polishing target surfaces of SiO2 insulating films or the like at a high rate without scratching the surface, the present invention provides an abrasive comprising a slurry comprising a medium and dispersed therein at least one of i) cerium oxide particles constituted of at least two crystallites...http://www.google.com/patents/US7963825?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US7963825 - Abrasive, method of polishing target member and process for producing semiconductor deviceAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS7963825 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 12/170,587Publication dateJun 21, 2011Filing dateJul 10, 2008Priority dateDec 18, 1997Also published asCA2315057A1, CA2605696A1, CN1128195C, CN1282362A, CN1321166C, CN1480503A, CN1821339A, CN100567441C, CN101423747A, CN101423747B, EP1043379A1, EP1043379A4, US6343976, US7115021, US7871308, US8137159, US8162725, US8616936, US20020090895, US20060248804, US20070266642, US20080271383, US20110312251, US20120227331, WO1999031195A1Publication number12170587, 170587, US 7963825 B2, US 7963825B2, US-B2-7963825, US7963825 B2, US7963825B2InventorsMasato Yoshida, Toranosuke Ashizawa, Hiroki Terazaki, Yuuto Ootuki, Yasushi Kurata, Jun Matsuzawa, Kiyohito TannoOriginal AssigneeHitachi Chemical Company, Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (71), Non-Patent Citations (54), Classifications (18) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetAbrasive, method of polishing target member and process for producing semiconductor deviceUS 7963825 B2Abstract To polish polishing target surfaces of SiO2 insulating films or the like at a high rate without scratching the surface, the present invention provides an abrasive comprising a slurry comprising a medium and dispersed therein at least one of i) cerium oxide particles constituted of at least two crystallites and having crystal grain boundaries or having a bulk density of not higher than 6.5 g/cm3 and ii) abrasive grains having pores. Also provided are a method of polishing a target member and a process for producing a semiconductor device which make use of this abrasive.
21. The slurry according to claim 20, wherein said bulk density is from 5.0 g/cm3 to 5.9 g/cm3. Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a Divisional application of application Ser. No. 11/484,611, filed Jul. 12, 2006 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,871,308, which is a Continuation Application of application Ser. No. 10/042,271, filed Jan. 11, 2002 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,115,021, which is a Continuation Application of application Ser. No. 09/581,814 filed Sep. 8, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,343,976, submitted under 35 U.S.C. �371 on Jun. 19, 2000. The contents of Ser. No. 09/581,814 are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Ser. No. 09/581,814 is a National Stage Application filed under 35 U.S.C. �371 of International (PCT) Application No. PCT/JP98/05736, filed Dec. 18, 1998.
TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to an abrasive, a method of polishing a target member, and a process for producing a semiconductor device.
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in the steps of fabricating semiconductor devices, studies are commonly made on colloidal silica type abrasives used as chemical mechanical abrasives for smoothing inorganic insulating film layers such as SiO2 insulating films formed by processes such as plasma-assisted CVD (chemical vapor deposition) and low-pressure CVD. The colloidal silica type abrasives are produced by growing silica particles into grains by a method of, e.g., thermal decomposition of tetrachlorosilicic acid, and making pH adjustment with an alkali solution containing no alkali metal, such as ammonia. Such abrasives, however, can not provide any sufficient rate of polishing for the polishing of inorganic insulating films, and have a technical problem of low polishing rate for their practical utilization.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an abrasive that can polish polishing target surfaces of SiO2 insulating films or the like at a high rate without scratching the surface, a method polishing a target member, and a process for producing a semiconductor device.
(1) the content of cerium oxide particles having a particle diameter not smaller than 0.5 μm after polishing, measured by centrifugal sedimentation after a target member has been polished, is in a ratio of not more than 0.8 with respect to the content of cerium oxide particles having a particle diameter not smaller than 0.5 μm before polishing, measured likewise by centrifugal sedimentation; (2) cerium oxide particle diameter at D99% by volume after polishing, measured by laser diffraction after a target member has been polished, is in a ratio of from 0.4 to 0.9 with respect to cerium oxide particle diameter at D99% by volume before polishing, measured likewise by laser diffraction; and (3) cerium oxide particle diameter at D90% by volume after polishing, measured by laser diffraction after a target member has been polished, is in a ratio of from 0.7 to 0.95 with respect to cerium oxide particle diameter at D90% by volume before polishing, measured likewise by laser diffraction. The method of polishing a target member according to the present invention comprises polishing a target member by the use of the abrasive described above. The target member may preferably have a strength higher than the grain boundary breaking strength of the cerium oxide particles. The target member may be a semiconductor chip on which a silica film has been formed.
BEST MODE FOR PRACTICING THE INVENTION Cerium oxide is commonly obtained by firing a cerium compound such as carbonate, sulfate or oxalate. SiO2 insulating films formed by TEOS (tetraethoxysilane)-CVD can be polished at a higher rate as the cerium oxide has larger particle diameter and can have less crystal strain, i.e., has better crystallizability, but tend to be scratched on polishing. Accordingly, the cerium oxide particles used in the present invention are prepared without making them highly crystallizable so much. Also, since they are used in polishing for semiconductor chips, alkali metals and halogens may preferably be kept in a content of 1 ppm or less.
In the present invention, the cerium oxide particles may be prepared by firing. However, in order to prepare particles not causative of polish scratches, low-temperature firing is preferred which does not make them highly crystallizable as far as possible. Since the cerium compounds have an oxidation temperature of 300� C., they may preferably be fired at a temperature of from 400� C. (inclusive) to 900� C. (inclusive). It is preferable to fire cerium carbonate at a temperature of from 400� C. (inclusive) to 900� C. (inclusive) for 5 to 300 minutes in an oxidizing atmosphere of oxygen gas or the like.
The cerium oxide particles having pores, to be contained dispersedly in the slurry of the present invention, may preferably have a porosity of from 10 to 30%. This porosity is determined by calculating it from the ratio of a density measured (pure water, 20� C.) with a pycnometer to a theoretical density determined by X-ray Rietvelt analysis. The cerium oxide particles having pores may preferably have a pore volume of from 0.02 to 0.05 cm3/g.
The present invention also provides an abrasive comprising a slurry comprising a medium and dispersed therein cerium oxide particles having a bulk density not higher than 6.5 g/cm3. If the cerium oxide particles have a bulk density higher than 6.5 g/cm3, the polishing target surfaces of SiO2 insulating films may be scratched. The cerium oxide particles may preferably have a bulk density of from 5.0 to 5.9 g/cm3. If it is lower than this lower limit value, the polishing rate may lower. If it is higher than the upper limit value, the polishing target surfaces tend to be scratched. The bulk density referred to in the present specification is the density of powder measured with a pycnometer. In the measurement, pure water is used as the liquid injected into the pycnometer, and the measurement was made at 20� C.
The slurry, after adjustment of its pH, may be put in a container made of polyethylene or the like, and may be used after it has been left at 5 to 55� C. for 7 days or more, and preferably 30 days or more, whereby the polishing target surfaces can be made to be less scratched. The slurry of the present invention can stand dispersed so well and may settle so slowly that its rate of change in concentration after leaving for 2 hours is less than 10% at any height in a columnar container of 10 cm diameter and 1 m high.
Incidentally, the terms �after a target member has been polished� is meant to be �after a polishing target surface has been polished by i) setting a target member to a holder to which a substrate-attaching suction pad for holding a target member to be polished has been fastened, ii) putting the holder with the polishing target surface side down, on a platen to which a polishing pad made of a porous urethane resin, iii) further putting a weight so as to apply a working load of 300 g/cm2, and iv) rotating the platen at 30 rpm for 1 hour while dropping the above abrasive on the platen at a rate of 50 ml/minute.� Here, the abrasive after polishing is circulated to be reused, and 750 ml of the abrasive is used in total.
The measurement by laser diffraction may be made using, e.g., Master Sizer Microplus (refractive index: 1.9285; light source: He�Ne laser; absorption: 0), manufactured by Malvern Instruments Ltd.
EXAMPLE 1 (1) Preparation of Cerium Oxide Particles a. Preparation of Cerium Oxide Particles A:
2 kg of cerium carbonate hydrate was put in a container made of platinum, and was fired in the air at 800� C. for 2 hours to obtain about 1 kg of yellowish white powder. This powder was phase-determined by X-ray diffraction and was confirmed to be cerium oxide.
2 kg of cerium carbonate hydrate was put in a container made of platinum, and was fired in the air at 750� C. for 2 hours to obtain about 1 kg of yellowish white powder. This powder was phase-determined by X-ray diffraction and was confirmed to be cerium oxide. The fired powder obtained had particle diameters of 30 to 100 μm.
(2) Preparation of Abrasives a. Preparation of abrasives A & B:
(3) Polishing of Insulating Film A silicon wafer on which an SiO2 insulating film was formed by TEOS-plasma-assisted CVD was set being attracted and fixed to a substrate-attaching suction pad fastened to a holder. This holder, as it held the silicon wafer, was placed on a platen with the insulating film side down, to which platen a polishing pad made of porous urethane resin was fastened, and a weight was further placed so as to apply a working load of 300 g/cm2.
Next, the platen was rotated at 30 rpm for 2 minutes while dropping the abrasive A, B, A′ or B′ (solid content: 3% by weight) prepared in the present Example, onto the platen at a rate of 50 ml/minute to polish the insulating film formed on the silicon wafer surface. After the polishing, this wafer (with film) was detached from the holder, and then thoroughly cleaned with water, followed by further cleaning for 20 minutes by means of an ultrasonic cleaner. After the cleaning, this wafer was set on a spin dryer to drive off drops of water, followed by drying for 10 minutes by means of a 120� C. dryer.
EXAMPLE 2 (2) Preparation of Cerium Oxide Particles a. Preparation of Cerium Oxide Particles C:
2 kg of cerium carbonate hydrate was put in a container made of platinum, and was fired in the air at 700� C. for 2 hours to obtain about 1 kg of yellowish white powder. This powder was phase-determined by X-ray diffraction and was confirmed to be cerium oxide. The fired powder obtained had particle diameters of 30 to 100 μm. The surfaces of fired-powder particles were observed with a scanning electron microscope, where grain boundaries of cerium oxide were observable. Diameters of cerium oxide crystallites surrounded by grain boundaries were measured to find that the middle value of their distribution was 50 nm and the maximum value was 100 nm.
3 kg of cerium carbonate hydrate was put in a container made of platinum, and was fired in the air at 700� C. for 2 hours to obtain about 1.5 kg of yellowish white powder. This powder was phase-determined by X-ray diffraction and was confirmed to be cerium oxide. The fired powder obtained had particle diameters of 30 to 100 μm.
2 kg of cerium carbonate hydrate was put in a container made of platinum, and was fired in the air at 650� C. for 2 hours to obtain about 1 kg of yellowish white powder. This powder was phase-determined by X-ray diffraction and was confirmed to be cerium oxide.
2 kg of cerium carbonate hydrate was put in a container made of platinum, and was fired in the air at 600� C. for 2 hours to obtain about 1 kg of yellowish white powder. This powder was phase-determined by X-ray diffraction and was confirmed to be cerium oxide. The fired powder obtained had particle diameters of 30 to 100 μm.
(2) Preparation of Abrasives a. Preparation of Abrasives C, D, E & F:
(3) Polishing of Insulating Film An SiO2 insulating film formed on a silicon wafer surface was polished, cleaned and dried and any change in layer thickness of the SiO2 insulating film was measured all in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using the abrasive C, D, E, F, C′, D′, E′ or F′ prepared in the present Example. As the result, it was found that, when the abrasives C, D, E, F, C′, D′, E′ and F′ were used, the insulating films were abraded by 740 nm (polishing rate: 370 nm/minute), 730 nm (polishing rate: 365 nm/minute), 750 nm (polishing rate: 375 nm/minute), 720 nm (polishing rate: 360 nm/minute), 700 nm (polishing rate: 350 nm/minute), 690 nm (polishing rate: 345 nm/minute), 710 nm (polishing rate: 355 nm/minute) and 710 nm (polishing rate: 355 nm/minute), respectively, and were each in a uniform thickness over the whole wafer surface whichever abrasive was used. Also, the insulating film surfaces were observed using an optical microscope, where any clear scratches were not seen in all the cases.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE An SiO2 insulating film formed on a silicon wafer surface by TEOS-CVD was polished in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 except for using as an abrasive a slurry prepared by dispersing silica having no pores. This slurry had a pH of 10.3, and contained 12.5% by weight of SiO2 particles. Polishing conditions were the same as those in Examples 1 and 2.
POSSIBILITY OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION As described above, the present invention makes it possible to polish polishing target surfaces of SiO2 insulating films or the like at a high rate without scratching the surface.
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No. 10/960,941.Classifications U.S. Classification451/51, 51/308, 51/309, 51/307International ClassificationH01L21/3105, C01F17/00, H01L21/304, C09K3/14, B24B7/30, B24B37/00Cooperative ClassificationC09G1/02, C09K3/1409, H01L21/31053, C09K3/1463European ClassificationH01L21/3105B2, C09G1/02, C09K3/14B, C09K3/14D2RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google