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Document Index: 376918172

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Title 40 → Chapter I → Subchapter C → Part 63 → Subpart T
§63.460 Applicability and designation of source.
§63.461 Definitions.
§63.462 Batch cold cleaning machine standards.
§63.463 Batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine standards.
§63.464 Alternative standards.
§63.465 Test methods.
§63.466 Monitoring procedures.
§63.467 Recordkeeping requirements.
§63.468 Reporting requirements.
§63.469 Equivalent methods of control.
§63.470 Implementation and enforcement.
§63.471 Facility-wide standards.
Source: 59 FR 61805, Dec. 2, 1994, unless otherwise noted.
(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to each individual batch vapor, in-line vapor, in-line cold, and batch cold solvent cleaning machine that uses any solvent containing methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2), perchloroethylene (CAS No. 127-18-4), trichloroethylene (CAS No. 79-01-6), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CAS No. 71-55-6), carbon tetrachloride (CAS No. 56-23-5) or chloroform (CAS No. 67-66-3), or any combination of these halogenated HAP solvents, in a total concentration greater than 5 percent by weight, as a cleaning and/or drying agent. The concentration of these solvents may be determined using EPA test method 18, material safety data sheets, or engineering calculations. Wipe cleaning activities, such as using a rag containing halogenated solvent or a spray cleaner containing halogenated solvent are not covered under the provisions of this subpart.
(b) Except as noted in appendix C (General Provisions Applicability to subpart T) of this subpart, the provisions of subpart A of this part (General Provisions) apply to owners or operators of any solvent cleaning machine meeting the applicability criteria of paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each solvent cleaning machine subject to this subpart that commenced construction or reconstruction after November 29, 1993 shall achieve compliance with the provisions of this subpart, except for §63.471, immediately upon start-up or by December 2, 1994, whichever is later.
(d) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each solvent cleaning machine subject to this subpart that commenced construction or reconstruction on or before November 29, 1993 shall achieve compliance with the provisions of this subpart, except for §63.471, no later than December 2, 1997.
(e) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a State under section 112(d) of the Act, the authority contained in paragraph (f) of this section shall be retained by the Administrator and not transferred to a State.
(g) Each continuous web cleaning machine subject to this subpart shall achieve compliance with the provisions of this subpart, except for §63.471, no later than December 2, 1999.
(h) If you are an owner or operator of an area source subject to this subpart, you are exempt from the obligation to obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 71, provided you are not required to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 71.3(a) for a reason other than your status as an area source under this subpart. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continue to comply with the provisions of this subpart applicable to area sources.
(i) The compliance date for the requirements in §63.471 depends on the date that construction or reconstruction of the affected facility commences. For purposes of this paragraph, affected facility means all solvent cleaning machines, except solvent cleaning machines used in the manufacture and maintenance of aerospace products, solvent cleaning machines used in the manufacture of narrow tubing, and continuous web cleaning machines, located at a major source that are subject to the facility-wide limits in table 1 of §63.471(b)(2), and for area sources, affected facility means all solvent cleaning machines, except cold batch cleaning machines, located at an area source that are subject to the facility-wide limits in table 1 of §63.471(b)(2).
Dwell time means the required minimum length of time that a part must dwell, as determined by §63.465(d).
Freeboard refrigeration device (also called a chiller) means a set of secondary coils mounted in the freeboard area that carries a refrigerant or other chilled substance to provide a chilled air blanket above the solvent vapor. A primary condenser capable of meeting the requirements of §63.463(e)(2)(i) is defined as both a freeboard refrigeration device and a primary condenser for the purposes of these standards.
Reduced room draft means decreasing the flow or movement of air across the top of the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine to meet the specifications of §63.463(e)(2)(ii). Methods of achieving a reduced room draft include, but are not limited to, redirecting fans and/or air vents to not blow across the cleaning machine, moving the cleaning machine to a corner where there is less room draft, and constructing a partial or complete enclosure around the cleaning machine.
[59 FR 61805, Dec. 2, 1994; 60 FR 29485, June 5, 1995, as amended at 63 FR 24751, May 5, 1998; 64 FR 67798, Dec. 3, 1999]
(a) Each owner or operator of an immersion batch cold solvent cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section.
(1) Employ a tightly fitting cover that shall be closed at all times except during parts entry and removal, and a water layer at a minimum thickness of 2.5 centimeters (1.0 inch) on the surface of the solvent within the cleaning machine, or
(2) Employ a tightly fitting cover that shall be closed at all times except during parts entry and removal and a freeboard ratio of 0.75 or greater.
(b) Each owner or operator of a remote-reservoir batch cold solvent cleaning machine shall employ a tightly fitting cover over the solvent sump that shall be closed at all times except during the cleaning of parts.
(c) Each owner or operator of a batch cold solvent cleaning machine complying with paragraph (a)(2) or (b) of this section shall comply with the work and operational practice requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(9) of this section as applicable.
(1) All waste solvent shall be collected and stored in closed containers. The closed container may contain a device that allows pressure relief, but does not allow liquid solvent to drain from the container.
(2) If a flexible hose or flushing device is used, flushing shall be performed only within the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine.
(3) The owner or operator shall drain solvent cleaned parts for 15 seconds or until dripping has stopped, whichever is longer. Parts having cavities or blind holes shall be tipped or rotated while draining.
(4) The owner or operator shall ensure that the solvent level does not exceed the fill line.
(5) Spills during solvent transfer shall be wiped up immediately. The wipe rags shall be stored in covered containers meeting the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
(6) When an air- or pump-agitated solvent bath is used, the owner or operator shall ensure that the agitator is operated to produce a rolling motion of the solvent but not observable splashing against tank walls or parts being cleaned.
(7) The owner or operator shall ensure that, when the cover is open, the cold cleaning machine is not exposed to drafts greater than 40 meters per minute (132 feet per minute), as measured between 1 and 2 meters (3.3 and 6.6 feet) upwind and at the same elevation as the tank lip.
(8) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(9) of this section, sponges, fabric, wood, and paper products shall not be cleaned.
(9) The prohibition in paragraph (c)(8) of this section does not apply to the cleaning of porous materials that are part of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) laden transformers if those transformers are handled throughout the cleaning process and disposed of in compliance with an approved PCB disposal permit issued in accordance with the Toxic Substances Control Act.
(d) Each owner or operator of a batch cold cleaning machine shall submit an initial notification report as described in §63.468 (a) and (b) and a compliance report as described in §63.468(c).
(e) Each owner or operator subject to the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) through (8) of this section may request to use measures other than those described in these paragraphs. The owner or operator must demonstrate to the Administrator (or delegated State, local, or Tribal authority) that the alternative measures will result in equivalent or better emissions control compared to the measures described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) of this section. For example, storing solvent and solvent-laden materials in an enclosed area that is ventilated to a solvent recovery or destruction device may be considered an acceptable alternative.
(a) Except as provided in §63.464 for all cleaning machines, each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart shall ensure that each existing or new batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart conforms to the design requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section. The owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (g) or (h) of this section, as appropriate, in lieu of complying with this paragraph.
(1) Each cleaning machine shall be designed or operated to meet the control equipment or technique requirements in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (a)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) An idling and downtime mode cover, as described in §63.463(d)(1)(i), that may be readily opened or closed, that completely covers the cleaning machine openings when in place, and is free of cracks, holes, and other defects.
(ii) A reduced room draft as described in §63.463(e)(2)(ii).
(2) Each cleaning machine shall have a freeboard ratio of 0.75 or greater.
(3) Each cleaning machine shall have an automated parts handling system capable of moving parts or parts baskets at a speed of 3.4 meters per minute (11 feet per minute) or less from the initial loading of parts through removal of cleaned parts.
(5) Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a vapor level control device that shuts off sump heat if the vapor level in the vapor cleaning machine rises above the height of the primary condenser.
(6) Each vapor cleaning machine shall have a primary condenser.
(7) Each cleaning machine that uses a lip exhaust shall be designed and operated to route all collected solvent vapors through a properly operated and maintained carbon adsorber that meets the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(b) Except as provided in §63.464, each owner or operator of an existing or new batch vapor cleaning machine shall comply with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section.
(1) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine with a solvent/air interface area of 1.21 square meters (13 square feet) or less shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 1 of this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using the procedure in §63.469, equivalent methods of control.
Table 1—Control Combinations for Batch Vapor Solvent Cleaning Machines With a Solvent/Air Interface Area of 1.21 Square Meters (13 Square Feet) or Less
1 Working-mode cover, freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated vapor.
2 Freeboard refrigeration device, superheated vapor.
3 Working-mode cover, freeboard refrigeration device.
4 Reduced room draft, freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated vapor.
5 Freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft.
6 Freeboard refrigeration device, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
7 Freeboard refrigeration device, dwell.
8 Reduced room draft, dwell, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
9 Freeboard refrigeration device, carbon adsorber.
10 Freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated vapor, carbon adsorber.
Note: Unlike most of the control techniques available for complying with this rule, carbon adsorbers are not considered to be a pollution prevention measure. Use of such units may impose additional cost and burden for a number of reasons. First, carbon adsorption units are generally more expensive than other controls listed in the options. Second, these units may present cross-media impacts such as effluent discharges if not properly operated and maintained, and spent carbon beds have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. When making decisions about what controls to install on halogenated solvent cleaning machines to meet the requirements of this rule, all of these factors should be weighed and pollution prevention measures are encouraged wherever possible.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.22 kilograms per hour per square meter (0.045 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air interface area as determined using the procedures in §63.465(a) and appendix A to this part.
(2) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine with a solvent/air interface area greater than 1.21 square meters (13 square feet) shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 2 of this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using the procedure in §63.469, equivalent methods of control.
Table 2—Control Combinations for Batch Vapor Solvent Cleaning Machines With a Solvent/Air Interface Area Greater than 1.21 Square Meters (13 Square Feet)
1 Freeboard refrigeration device, freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated vapor.
2 Dwell, freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft.
3 Working-mode cover, freeboard refrigeration device, superheated vapor.
4 Freeboard ratio of 1.0, reduced room draft, superheated vapor.
5 Freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft, superheated vapor.
6 Freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
7 Freeboard refrigeration device, superheated vapor, carbon adsorber.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.22 kilograms per hour per square meter (0.045 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air interface area as determined using the procedures in §63.465(a) and appendix A of this part.
(c) Except as provided in §63.464 for all cleaning machines, each owner or operator of an in-line cleaning machine shall comply with paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section as appropriate. The owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (g) or (h) of this section, as appropriate, in lieu of complying with this paragraph.
(1) Each owner or operator of an existing in-line cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph (c)(1)(i) or (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 3 of this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using the procedure in §63.469, equivalent methods of control.
Table 3—Control Combinations for Existing In-Line Solvent Cleaning Machines
1 Superheated vapor, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
2 Freeboard refrigeration device, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
3 Dwell, freeboard refrigeration device.
4 Dwell, carbon adsorber.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.10 kilograms per hour per square meter (0.021 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air interface area as determined using the procedures in §63.465(a) and appendix A to this part.
(2) Each owner or operator of a new in-line cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph (c)(2)(i) or (c)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 4 of this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using the procedure in §63.469, equivalent methods of control section.
Table 4—Control Combinations for New In-Line Solvent Cleaning Machines
1 Superheated vapor, freeboard refrigeration device.
2 Freeboard refrigeration device, carbon adsorber.
3 Superheated vapor, carbon adsorber.
(d) Except as provided in §63.464 for all cleaning machines, each owner or operator of an existing or new batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine shall meet all of the following required work and operational practices specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (12) of this section as applicable. The owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (g) or (h) of this section, as appropriate, in lieu of complying with this paragraph.
(1) Control air disturbances across the cleaning machine opening(s) by incorporating the control equipment or techniques in paragraph (d)(1)(i) or (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Cover(s) to each solvent cleaning machine shall be in place during the idling mode, and during the downtime mode unless either the solvent has been removed from the machine or maintenance or monitoring is being performed that requires the cover(s) to not be in place.
(2) The parts baskets or the parts being cleaned in an open-top batch vapor cleaning machine shall not occupy more than 50 percent of the solvent/air interface area unless the parts baskets or parts are introduced at a speed of 0.9 meters per minute (3 feet per minute) or less.
(3) Any spraying operations shall be done within the vapor zone or within a section of the solvent cleaning machine that is not directly exposed to the ambient air (i.e., a baffled or enclosed area of the solvent cleaning machine).
(4) Parts shall be oriented so that the solvent drains from them freely. Parts having cavities or blind holes shall be tipped or rotated before being removed from any solvent cleaning machine unless an equally effective approach has been approved by the Administrator.
(5) Parts baskets or parts shall not be removed from any solvent cleaning machine until dripping has stopped.
(6) During startup of each vapor cleaning machine, the primary condenser shall be turned on before the sump heater.
(7) During shutdown of each vapor cleaning machine, the sump heater shall be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse before the primary condenser is turned off.
(8) When solvent is added or drained from any solvent cleaning machine, the solvent shall be transferred using threaded or other leakproof couplings and the end of the pipe in the solvent sump shall be located beneath the liquid solvent surface.
(9) Each solvent cleaning machine and associated controls shall be maintained as recommended by the manufacturers of the equipment or using alternative maintenance practices that have been demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to achieve the same or better results as those recommended by the manufacturer.
(11) Waste solvent, still bottoms, and sump bottoms shall be collected and stored in closed containers. The closed containers may contain a device that would allow pressure relief, but would not allow liquid solvent to drain from the container.
(12) Sponges, fabric, wood, and paper products shall not be cleaned.
(1) Conduct monitoring of each control device used to comply with §63.463 of this subpart as provided in §63.466.
(2) Determine during each monitoring period whether each control device used to comply with these standards meets the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through (xi) of this section.
(i) If a freeboard refrigeration device is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall ensure that the chilled air blanket temperature (in °F), measured at the center of the air blanket, is no greater than 30 percent of the solvent's boiling point.
(ii) If a reduced room draft is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(ii)(A) and (e)(2)(ii)(B) of this section.
(A) Ensure that the flow or movement of air across the top of the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine or within the solvent cleaning machine enclosure does not exceed 15.2 meters per minute (50 feet per minute) at any time as measured using the procedures in §63.466(d).
(B) Establish and maintain the operating conditions under which the wind speed was demonstrated to be 15.2 meters per minute (50 feet per minute) or less as described in §63.466(d).
(iii) If a working-mode cover is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(iii)(A) and (e)(2)(iii)(B) of this section.
(A) Ensure that the cover opens only for part entrance and removal and completely covers the cleaning machine openings when closed.
(B) Ensure that the working-mode cover is maintained free of cracks, holes, and other defects.
(iv) If an idling-mode cover is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(iv)(A) and (e)(2)(iv)(B) of this section.
(A) Ensure that the cover is in place whenever parts are not in the solvent cleaning machine and completely covers the cleaning machine openings when in place.
(B) Ensure that the idling-mode cover is maintained free of cracks, holes, and other defects.
(v) If a dwell is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(v)(A) and (e)(2)(v)(B) of this section.
(A) Determine the appropriate dwell time for each type of part or parts basket, or determine the maximum dwell time using the most complex part type or parts basket, as described in §63.465(d).
(B) Ensure that, after cleaning, each part is held in the solvent cleaning machine freeboard area above the vapor zone for the dwell time determined for that particular part or parts basket, or for the maximum dwell time determined using the most complex part type or parts basket.
(vi) If a superheated vapor system is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(vi)(A) through (e)(2)(vi)(C) of this section.
(A) Ensure that the temperature of the solvent vapor at the center of the superheated vapor zone is at least 10 °F above the solvent's boiling point.
(B) Ensure that the manufacturer's specifications for determining the minimum proper dwell time within the superheated vapor system is followed.
(C) Ensure that parts remain within the superheated vapor for at least the minimum proper dwell time.
(A) Ensure that the concentration of organic solvent in the exhaust from this device does not exceed 100 parts per million of any halogenated HAP compound as measured using the procedure in §63.466(e). If the halogenated HAP solvent concentration in the carbon adsorber exhaust exceeds 100 parts per million, the owner or operator shall adjust the desorption schedule or replace the disposable canister, if not a regenerative system, so that the exhaust concentration of halogenated HAP solvent is brought below 100 parts per million.
(B) Ensure that the carbon adsorber bed is not bypassed during desorption.
(C) Ensure that the lip exhaust is located above the solvent cleaning machine cover so that the cover closes below the lip exhaust level.
(viii) If a superheated part system is used to comply with the standards for continuous web cleaning machines in paragraph (g) of this section, the owner or operator shall ensure that the temperature of the continuous web part is at least 10 degrees Fahrenheit above the solvent boiling point while the part is traveling through the cleaning machine.
(ix) If a squeegee system is used to comply with the continuous web cleaning requirements of paragraph (g)(3)(iii) or (h)(2)(i) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with the following requirements.
(A) Determine the appropriate maximum product throughput for the squeegees used in the squeegee system, as described in §63.465(f).
(B) Conduct the weekly monitoring required by §63.466(a)(3). Record the results required by §63.467(a)(6).
(C) Calculate the total amount of continuous web product processed since the squeegees were replaced and compare to the maximum product throughput for the squeegees.
(D) Ensure squeegees are replaced at or before the maximum product throughput is attained.
(E) Redetermine the maximum product throughput for the squeegees if any solvent film is visible on the continuous web part immediately after it exits the cleaning machine.
(A) Determine the air knife parameter and parameter value that demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction that the air knife is properly operating. An air knife is properly operating if no visible solvent film remains on the continuous web part after it exits the cleaning machine.
(B) Maintain the selected air knife parameter value at the level determined in paragraph (a) of this section.
(C) Conduct the weekly monitoring required by §63.466(a)(3).
(D) Redetermine the proper air knife parameter value if any solvent film is visible on the continuous web part immediately after it exits the cleaning machine.
(A) Determine the system parameter and value that demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction that the system is properly operating.
(B) Maintain the selected parameter value at the level determined in paragraph (a) of this section.
(D) Redetermine the proper parameter value if any solvent film is visible on the continuous web part immediately after it exits the cleaning machine.
(3) If any of the requirements of paragraph (e)(2) of this section are not met, determine whether an exceedance has occurred using the criteria in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (e)(3)(ii) of this section.
(i) An exceedance has occurred if the requirements of paragraphs (e)(2)(ii)(B), (e)(2)(iii)(A), (e)(2)(iv)(A), (e)(2)(v), (e)(2)(vi)(B), (e)(2)(vi)(C), (e)(2)(vii)(B), or (e)(2)(vii)(C) of this section have not been met.
(ii) An exceedance has occurred if the requirements of paragraphs (e)(2)(i), (e)(2)(ii)(A), (e)(2)(iii)(B), (e)(2)(iv)(B), (e)(2)(vi)(A), or (e)(2)(vii)(A) of this section have not been met and are not corrected within 15 days of detection. Adjustments or repairs shall be made to the solvent cleaning system or control device to reestablish required levels. The parameter must be remeasured immediately upon adjustment or repair and demonstrated to be within required limits.
(4) The owner or operator shall report all exceedances and all corrections and adjustments made to avoid an exceedance as specified in §63.468(h).
(f) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) of this section shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(5) of this section.
(1) Conduct an initial performance test to comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (f)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Demonstrate compliance with the applicable idling emission limit.
(ii) Establish parameters that will be monitored to demonstrate compliance. If a control device is used that is listed in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, then the requirements for that control device as listed in paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be used unless the owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction that an alternative strategy is equally effective.
(2) Conduct the periodic monitoring of the parameters used to demonstrate compliance as described in §63.466(f).
(3) Operate the solvent cleaning machine within parameters identified in the initial performance test.
(4) If any of the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(3) of this section are not met, determine whether an exceedance has occurred using the criteria in paragraphs (f)(4)(i) and (f)(4)(ii) of this section.
(i) If using a control listed in paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with the appropriate parameter values in paragraph (e)(2) and the exceedance delineations in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (e)(3)(ii) of this section.
(ii) If using a control not listed in paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall indicate whether the exceedance of the parameters that are monitored to determine the proper functioning of this control would be classified as an immediate exceedance or whether a 15 day repair period would be allowed. This information must be submitted to the Administrator for approval.
(5) The owner or operator shall report all exceedances and all corrections and adjustments made to avoid an exceedance as specified in §63.468(h).
(g) Except as provided in §63.464 and in paragraph (h) of this section for remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machines, each owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section for each continuous web cleaning machine.
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (g)(2) of this section, install, maintain, and operate one of the following control combinations on each continuous web cleaning machine.
(i) For each existing continuous web cleaning machine, the following control combinations are allowed:
(A) Superheated vapor or superheated part technology, and a freeboard ratio of 1.0 or greater.
(B) Freeboard refrigeration device and a freeboard ratio of 1.0 or greater.
(C) Carbon adsorption system meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(ii) For each new continuous web cleaning machine, the following control combinations are allowed:
(A) Superheated vapor or superheated part technology, and a freeboard refrigeration device.
(B) A freeboard refrigeration device and a carbon adsorber meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(C) Superheated vapor or superheated part technology, and a carbon adsorber meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(2) If a carbon adsorber system can be demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to have an overall solvent control efficiency (i.e., capture efficiency removal efficiency) of 70 percent or greater, this system is equivalent to the options in paragraph (g) of this section.
(3) In lieu of complying with the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, the owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the following provisions:
(i) Each cleaning machine shall meet one of the following control equipment or technique requirements:
(A) An idling and downtime mode cover, as described in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section, that may be readily opened or closed; that completely covers the cleaning machine openings when in place; and is free of cracks, holes, and other defects. A continuous web part that completely occupies an entry or exit port when the machine is idle is considered to meet this requirement.
(B) A reduced room draft as described in paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section.
(C) Gasketed or leakproof doors that separate both the continuous web part feed reel and take-up reel from the room atmosphere if the doors are checked according to the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(iii) of this section.
(D) A cleaning machine that is demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to be under negative pressure during idling and downtime and is vented to a carbon adsorption system that meets the requirements of either paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section or paragraph (g)(2) of this section.
(ii) Each continuous web cleaning machine shall have a freeboard ratio of 0.75 or greater unless that cleaning machine is a remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machine.
(iii) Each cleaning machine shall have an automated parts handling system capable of moving parts or parts baskets at a speed of 3.4 meters per minute (11 feet per minute) or less from the initial loading of parts through removal of cleaned parts, unless the cleaning machine is a continuous web cleaning machine that has a squeegee system or air knife system installed, maintained, and operated on the continuous web cleaning machine meeting the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section.
(v) Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a vapor level control device that shuts off sump heat if the vapor level in the vapor cleaning machine rises above the height of the primary condenser.
(vi) Each vapor cleaning machine shall have a primary condenser.
(4) In lieu of complying with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the following provisions:
(i) Control air disturbances across the cleaning machine opening(s) by incorporating one of the following control equipment or techniques:
(A) Cover(s) to each solvent cleaning machine shall be in place during the idling mode and during the downtime mode unless either the solvent has been removed from the machine or maintenance or monitoring is being performed that requires the cover(s) in place. A continuous web part that completely occupies an entry or exit port when the machine is idle is considered to meet this requirement.
(C) Gasketed or leakproof doors or covers that separate both the continuous web part feed reel and take-up reel from the room atmosphere if the doors are checked according to the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(iii) of this section.
(D) A cleaning machine that is demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to be under negative pressure during idling and downtime and is vented to a carbon adsorption system that meets either the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section or paragraph (g)(2) of this section.
(ii) Any spraying operations shall be conducted in a section of the solvent cleaning machine that is not directly exposed to the ambient air (i.e., a baffled or enclosed area of the solvent cleaning machine) or within a machine having a door or cover that meets the requirements of paragraph (g)(4)(i)(C) of this section.
(iii) During startup of each vapor cleaning machine, the primary condenser shall be turned on before the sump heater.
(iv) During shutdown of each vapor cleaning machine, the sump heater shall be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse before the primary condenser is turned off.
(v) When solvent is added or drained from any solvent cleaning machine, the solvent shall be transferred using threaded or other leakproof couplings, and the end of the pipe in the solvent sump shall be located beneath the liquid solvent surface.
(vi) Each solvent cleaning machine and associated controls shall be maintained as recommended by the manufacturers of the equipment or using alternative maintenance practices that have been demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to achieve the same or better results as those recommended by the manufacturer.
(vii) Waste solvent, still bottoms, sump bottoms, and waste absorbent materials used in the cleaning process for continuous web cleaning machines shall be collected and stored in waste containers. The closed containers may contain a device that would allow pressure relief, but would not allow liquid solvent to drain from the container.
(viii) Except as provided in paragraph (g)(4)(ix) of this section, sponges, fabric, wood, and paper products shall not be cleaned.
(ix) The prohibition in paragraph (g)(4)(viii) of this section does not apply to absorbent materials that are used as part of the cleaning process of continuous web cleaning machines, including rollers and roller covers.
(h) Except as provided in §63.464, each owner or operator of a remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with paragraphs (h)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (h)(2) of this section, install, maintain, and operate one of the following controls on each new remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machine.
(i) Superheated vapor or superheated part technology.
(ii) A carbon adsorber meeting the requirements of paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(iii) If a carbon adsorber system can be demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to have an overall solvent control efficiency (i.e., capture efficiency removal efficiency) of 70 percent or greater, this system is equivalent to the options in paragraphs (h)(1)(i) and (h)(1)(ii) of this section.
(2) In lieu of complying with the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, the owner or operator of a remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the following provisions:
(i) Each cleaning machine shall have an automated parts handling system capable of moving parts or parts baskets at a speed of 3.4 meters per minute (11 feet per minute) or less from the initial loading of parts through removal of cleaned parts, unless the cleaning machine is a continuous web cleaning machine that has a squeegee system or air knife system installed, maintained, and operated on the continuous web cleaning machine meeting the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section.
(ii) Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a device that shuts off the sump heat if the sump liquid solvent level drops to the sump heater coils.
(iii) Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a vapor level control device that shuts off sump heat if the vapor level in the vapor cleaning machine rises above the height of the primary condenser.
(iv) Each vapor cleaning machine shall have a primary condenser.
(3) In lieu of complying with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator of a remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machine shall comply with the following provisions:
(i) Any spraying operations shall be conducted in a section of the solvent cleaning machine that is not directly exposed to the ambient air (i.e., a baffled or enclosed area of the solvent cleaning machine) or within a machine having a door or cover that meets the requirements of paragraph (g)(4)(i)(C) of this section.
(ii) During startup of each vapor cleaning machine, the primary condenser shall be turned on before the sump heater.
(iii) During shutdown of each vapor cleaning machine, the sump heater shall be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse before the primary condenser is turned off.
(iv) When solvent is added or drained from any solvent cleaning machine, the solvent shall be transferred using threaded or other leakproof couplings, and the end of the pipe in the solvent sump shall be located beneath the liquid solvent surface.
(v) Each solvent cleaning machine and associated controls shall be maintained as recommended by the manufacturers of the equipment or using alternative maintenance practices that have been demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction to achieve the same or better results as those recommended by the manufacturer.
(vi) Waste solvent, still bottoms, sump bottoms, and waste absorbent materials used in the cleaning process for continuous web cleaning machines shall be collected and stored in waste containers. The closed containers may contain a device that would allow pressure relief, but would not allow liquid solvent to drain from the container.
(vii) Except as provided in paragraph (h)(3)(viii) of this section, sponges, fabric, wood, and paper products shall not be cleaned.
(viii) The prohibition in paragraph (h)(3)(vii) of this section does not apply to absorbent materials that are used as part of the cleaning process of continuous web cleaning machines, including rollers and roller covers.
[59 FR 61805, Dec. 2, 1994; 60 FR 29485, June 5, 1995, as amended at 64 FR 67799, Dec. 3, 1999; 65 FR 54422, Sept. 8, 2000; 68 FR 37349, June 23, 2003]
(a) As an alternative to meeting the requirements in §63.463, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine can elect to comply with the requirements of §63.464. An owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine who elects to comply with §63.464 shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section.
(1) If the cleaning machine has a solvent/air interface, as defined in §63.461, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Maintain a log of solvent additions and deletions for each solvent cleaning machine.
(ii) Ensure that the emissions from each solvent cleaning machine are equal to or less than the applicable emission limit presented in table 5 of this subpart as determined using the procedures in §63.465(b) and (c).
Table 5—Emission Limits for Batch Vapor and In-Line Solvent Cleaning Machines With a Solvent/Air Interface
3-month rolling average monthly emission limit (kilograms/square meters/month)
Batch vapor solvent cleaning machines 150
Existing in-line solvent cleaning machines 153
New in-line solvent cleaning machines 99
(2) If the cleaning machine is a batch vapor cleaning machine and does not have a solvent/air interface, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
(ii) Ensure that the emissions from each solvent cleaning machine are equal to or less than the appropriate limits as described in paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(A) and (a)(2)(ii)(B) of this section.
(A) For cleaning machines with a cleaning capacity, as reported in §63.468(d), that is less than or equal to 2.95 cubic meters, the emission limit shall be determined using table 6 or equation 1. If using table 6, and the cleaning capacity of the cleaning machine falls between two cleaning capacity sizes, then the lower of the two emission limits applies.
(B) For cleaning machines with a cleaning capacity as reported in §63.468(d), that is greater than 2.95 cubic meters, the emission limit shall be determined using equation 1.
EL = 330 * (Vol)0.6 (1)
EL = the 3-month rolling average monthly emission limit (kilograms/month).
Table 6—Emission Limits for Cleaning Machines Without a Solvent/Air Interface
0.20 126
0.25 144
0.35 176
0.40 190
0.45 204
0.55 231
0.60 243
0.65 255
0.70 266
0.75 278
0.80 289
0.85 299
0.90 310
0.95 320
1.05 340
1.15 359
1.20 368
1.25 377
1.30 386
1.35 395
1.40 404
1.45 412
1.50 421
1.55 429
1.60 438
1.65 446
1.70 454
1.75 462
1.80 470
1.85 477
1.90 485
1.95 493
2.05 508
2.10 515
2.15 522
2.20 530
2.25 537
2.30 544
2.35 551
2.40 558
2.50 572
2.55 579
2.60 585
2.65 592
2.70 599
2.75 605
2.80 612
2.85 619
2.90 625
2.95 632
Vol = the cleaning capacity of the solvent cleaning machine (cubic meters).
(b) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with §63.464(a) shall demonstrate compliance with the applicable 3-month rolling average monthly emission limit on a monthly basis as described in §63.465(b) and (c).
(c) If the applicable 3-month rolling average emission limit is not met, an exceedance has occurred. All exceedances shall be reported as required in §63.468(h).
(d) As an alternative to meeting the requirements in §63.463, each owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine can demonstrate an overall cleaning system control efficiency of 70 percent or greater using the procedures in §63.465(g). This demonstration can be made for either a single cleaning machine or for a solvent cleaning system that contains one or more cleaning machines and ancillary equipment, such as storage tanks and distillation units. If the demonstration is made for a cleaning system, the facility must identify any modifications required to the procedures in §63.465(g) and they must be approved by the Administrator.
[59 FR 61805, Dec. 2, 1994, as amended at 64 FR 67801, Dec. 3, 1999; 65 FR 54423, Sept. 8, 2000]
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section for continuous web cleaning machines, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with an idling emission limit standard in §63.463(b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) shall determine the idling emission rate of the solvent cleaning machine using Reference Method 307 in appendix A of this part.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section for continuous web cleaning machines, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with §63.464 shall, on the first operating day of every month ensure that the solvent cleaning machine system contains only clean liquid solvent. This includes, but is not limited to, fresh unused solvent, recycled solvent, and used solvent that has been cleaned of soils. A fill line must be indicated during the first month the measurements are made. The solvent level within the machine must be returned to the same fill-line each month, immediately prior to calculating monthly emissions as specified in paragraph (c) of this section. The solvent cleaning machine does not have to be emptied and filled with fresh unused solvent prior to the calculations.
(c) Except as provided in paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section for continuous web cleaning machines, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with §63.464 shall, on the first operating day of the month, comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Using the records of all solvent additions and deletions for the previous monthly reporting period required under §63.464(a), determine solvent emissions (Ei) using equation 2 for cleaning machines with a solvent/air interface and equation 3 for cleaning machines without a solvent/air interface:
Ei = the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions from the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per square meter of solvent/air interface area per month).
En = the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions from the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
SAi = the total amount of halogenated HAP liquid solvent added to the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
LSRi = the total amount of halogenated HAP liquid solvent removed from the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
SSRi = the total amount of halogenated HAP solvent removed from the solvent cleaning machine in solid waste, obtained as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, during the most recent monthly reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
AREAi = the solvent/air interface area of the solvent cleaning machine (square meters).
(3) Determine the monthly rolling average, EA, for the 3-month period ending with the most recent reporting period using equation 4 for cleaning machines with a solvent/air interface or equation 5 for cleaning machines without a solvent/air interface:
EAi = the average halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the preceding 3 monthly reporting periods, (kilograms of solvent per square meter of solvent/air interface area per month).
EAn = the average halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the preceding 3 monthly reporting periods (kilograms of solvent per month).
Ei = halogenated HAP solvent emissions for each month (j) for the most recent 3 monthly reporting periods (kilograms of solvent per square meter of solvent/air interface area).
En = halogenated HAP solvent emissions for each month (j) for the most recent 3 monthly reporting periods (kilograms of solvent per month).
(d) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine using a dwell to comply with §63.463 shall determine the appropriate dwell time for each part or parts basket using the procedure specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this section.
(1) Determine the potential to emit for each individual solvent cleaning using equation 6.
PTEi = Hi × Wi × SAIi (6)
PTEi = the potential to emit for solvent cleaning machine i (kilograms of solvent per year).
Hi = hours of operation for solvent cleaning machine i (hours per year).
= 8760 hours per year, unless otherwise restricted by a Federally enforceable requirement.
Wi = the working mode uncontrolled emission rate (kilograms per square meter per hour).
= 1.95 kilograms per square meter per hour for batch vapor and cold cleaning machines.
= 1.12 kilograms per square meter per hour for in-line cleaning machines.
SAIi = solvent/air interface area of solvent cleaning machine i (square meters). Section 63.461 defines the solvent/air interface area for those machines that have a solvent/air interface. Cleaning machines that do not have a solvent/air interface shall calculate a solvent/air interface area using the procedure in paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
(2) Cleaning machines that do not have a solvent/air interface shall calculate a solvent/air interface area using equation 7.
SAI = 2.20 * (Vol)0.6 (7)
SAI = the solvent/air interface area (square meters).
(3) Sum the PTEi for all solvent cleaning operations to obtain the total potential to emit for solvent cleaning operations at the facility.
(f) Each owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine using a squeegee system to comply with §63.463(g)(3) shall determine the maximum product throughput using the method in this paragraph. The maximum product throughput for each squeegee type used at a facility must be determined prior to December 2, 1999, the compliance date for these units.
(g) Each owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine demonstrating compliance with the alternative standard of §63.464(d) shall, on the first day of every month, ensure that the solvent cleaning machine contains only clean liquid solvent. This includes, but is not limited to, fresh unused solvent, recycled solvent, and used solvent that has been cleaned of soils. A fill-line must be indicated during the first month the measurements are made. The solvent level with the machine must be returned to the same fill-line each month, immediately prior to calculating overall cleaning system control efficiency emissions as specified in paragraph (h) in this section. The solvent cleaning machine does not need to be emptied and filled with fresh unused solvent prior to the calculation.
(h) Each owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machines complying with §63.464(d) shall, on the first operating day of the month, comply with the following requirements.
(1) Using the records of all solvent additions, solvent deletions, and solvent recovered from the carbon adsorption system for the previous monthly reporting period required under §63.467(e), determine the overall cleaning system control efficiency (Eo) using Equation 8 of this section as follows:
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the equipment standards in §63.463(b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), (c)(1)(i), (c)(2)(i), (g)(1), or (g)(2) shall conduct monitoring and record the results on a weekly basis for the control devices, as appropriate, specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) If a freeboard refrigeration device is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall use a thermometer or thermocouple to measure the temperature at the center of the air blanket during the idling mode.
(2) If a superheated vapor system is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall use a thermometer or thermocouple to measure the temperature at the center of the superheated solvent vapor zone while the solvent cleaning machine is in the idling mode.
(3) If a squeegee system, air knife system, or combination squeegee and air knife system is used to comply with the requirements of §63.463(g) or (h), the owner or operator shall visually inspect the continuous web part exiting the solvent cleaning machine to ensure that no solvent film is visible on the part.
(4) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(5) of this section, if a superheated part system is used to comply with the requirements of §63.463(g) or (h), the owner or operator shall use a thermometer, thermocouple, or other temperature measurement device to measure the temperature of the continuous web part while it is in the solvent cleaning machine. This measurement can also be taken at the exit of the solvent cleaning machine.
(5) As an alternative to complying with paragraph (a)(4) of this section, the owner or operator can provide data, sufficient to satisfy the Administrator, that demonstrate that the part temperature remains above the boiling point of the solvent at all times that the part is within the continuous web solvent cleaning machine. This data could include design and operating conditions such as information supporting any exothermic reaction inherent in the processing.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the equipment standards of §63.463 (b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), (c)(1)(i), or (c)(2)(i) shall conduct monitoring and record the results on a monthly basis for the control devices, as appropriate, specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
(1) If a cover (working-mode, downtime-mode, and/or idling-mode cover) is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall conduct a visual inspection to determine if the cover is opening and closing properly, completely covers the cleaning machine openings when closed, and is free of cracks, holes, and other defects.
(2) If a dwell is used, the owner or operator shall determine the actual dwell time by measuring the period of time that parts are held within the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine after cleaning.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the equipment or idling standards in §63.463 shall monitor the hoist speed as described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall determine the hoist speed by measuring the time it takes for the hoist to travel a measured distance. The speed is equal to the distance in meters divided by the time in minutes (meters per minute).
(2) The monitoring shall be conducted monthly. If after the first year, no exceedances of the hoist speed are measured, the owner or operator may begin monitoring the hoist speed quarterly.
(3) If an exceedance of the hoist speed occurs during quarterly monitoring, the monitoring frequency returns to monthly until another year of compliance without an exceedance is demonstrated.
(4) If an owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction in the initial compliance report that the hoist cannot exceed a speed of 3.4 meters per minute (11 feet per minute), the required monitoring frequency is quarterly, including during the first year of compliance.
(d) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the equipment standards in §63.463 (b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), (c)(1)(i), or (c)(2)(i) using a reduced room draft shall conduct monitoring and record the results as specified in paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section.
(1) If the reduced room draft is maintained by controlling room parameters (i.e., redirecting fans, closing doors and windows, etc.), the owner or operator shall conduct an initial monitoring test of the windspeed and of room parameters, quarterly monitoring of windspeed, and weekly monitoring of room parameters as specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Measure the windspeed within 6 inches above the top of the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine using the procedure specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i)(A) through (d)(1)(i)(D) of this section.
(A) Determine the direction of the wind current by slowly rotating a velometer or similar device until the maximum speed is located.
(B) Orient a velometer in the direction of the wind current at each of the four corners of the machine.
(C) Record the reading for each corner.
(D) Average the values obtained at each corner and record the average wind speed.
(ii) Monitor on a weekly basis the room parameters established during the initial compliance test that are used to achieve the reduced room draft.
(2) If an enclosure (full or partial) is used to achieve a reduced room draft, the owner or operator shall conduct an initial monitoring test and, thereafter, monthly monitoring tests of the windspeed within the enclosure using the procedure specified in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) and (d)(2)(ii) of this section and a monthly visual inspection of the enclosure to determine if it is free of cracks, holes and other defects.
(i) Determine the direction of the wind current in the enclosure by slowly rotating a velometer inside the entrance to the enclosure until the maximum speed is located.
(ii) Record the maximum wind speed.
(e) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner or operator using a carbon adsorber to comply with this subpart shall measure and record the concentration of halogenated HAP solvent in the exhaust of the carbon adsorber weekly with a colorimetric detector tube. This test shall be conducted while the solvent cleaning machine is in the working mode and is venting to the carbon adsorber. The exhaust concentration shall be determined using the procedure specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this section.
(1) Use a colorimetric detector tube designed to measure a concentration of 100 parts per million by volume of solvent in air to an accuracy of ±25 parts per million by volume.
(2) Use the colorimetric detector tube according to the manufacturer's instructions.
(3) Provide a sampling port for monitoring within the exhaust outlet of the carbon adsorber that is easily accessible and located at least 8 stack or duct diameters downstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction, or outlet; downstream from no other inlet; and 2 stack or duct diameters upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction, inlet or outlet.
(f) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards of §63.463 (b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section.
(1) If using controls listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring frequency requirements in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(2) If using controls not listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall establish the monitoring frequency for each control and submit it to the Administrator for approval in the initial test report.
(g) Each owner or operator using a control device listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section can use alternative monitoring procedures approved by the Administrator.
(a) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.463 shall maintain records in written or electronic form specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section for the lifetime of the machine.
(3) If a dwell is used to comply with these standards, records of the tests required in §63.465(d) to determine an appropriate dwell time for each part or parts basket.
(4) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards of §63.463(b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) shall maintain records of the initial performance test, including the idling emission rate and values of the monitoring parameters measured during the test.
(6) If a squeegee system is used to comply with these standards, records of the test required by §63.466(f) to determine the maximum product throughput for the squeegees and records of both the weekly monitoring required by §63.466(a)(3) for visual inspection and the length of continuous web product cleaned during the previous week.
(7) If an air knife system or a combination squeegee and air knife system is used to comply with these standards, records of the determination of the proper operating parameter and parameter value for the air knife system.
(b) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with §63.463 shall maintain records specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section either in electronic or written form for a period of 5 years.
(1) The results of control device monitoring required under §63.466.
(2) Information on the actions taken to comply with §63.463(e) and (f). This information shall include records of written or verbal orders for replacement parts, a description of the repairs made, and additional monitoring conducted to demonstrate that monitored parameters have returned to accepted levels.
(4) If a carbon adsorber is used to comply with these standards, records of the date and results of the weekly measurement of the halogenated HAP solvent concentration in the carbon adsorber exhaust required in §63.466(e).
(c) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section for continuous web cleaning machines, each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.464 shall maintain records specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section either in electronic or written form for a period of 5 years.
(2) The solvent composition of wastes removed from cleaning machines as determined using the procedure described in §63.465(c)(2).
(d) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine without a solvent/air interface complying with the provisions of §63.464 shall maintain records on the method used to determine the cleaning capacity of the cleaning machine.
(e) Each owner or operator of a continuous web cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.464(d) shall maintain the following records in either electronic or written form for a period of 5 years.
(3) The solvent composition of wastes removed from each cleaning machine as determined using the procedures in §63.465(c)(2).
(4) Calculation sheets showing the calculation and results of determining the overall cleaning system control efficiency, as required by §63.465.
(a) Each owner or operator of an existing solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit an initial notification report to the Administrator no later than August 29, 1995. This report shall include the information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(6) of this section.
(2) The address (i.e., physical location) of the solvent cleaning machine(s).
(3) A brief description of each solvent cleaning machine including machine type (batch vapor, batch cold, vapor in-line or cold in-line), solvent/air interface area, and existing controls.
(4) The date of installation for each solvent cleaning machine or a letter certifying that the solvent cleaning machine was installed prior to, or after, November 29, 1993.
(5) The anticipated compliance approach for each solvent cleaning machine.
(6) An estimate of annual halogenated HAP solvent consumption for each solvent cleaning machine.
(b) Each owner or operator of a new solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit an initial notification report to the Administrator. New sources for which construction or reconstruction had commenced and initial startup had not occurred before December 2, 1994, shall submit this report as soon as practicable before startup but no later than January 31, 1995. New sources for which the construction or reconstruction commenced after December 2, 1994, shall submit this report as soon as practicable before the construction or reconstruction is planned to commence. This report shall include all of the information required in §63.5(d)(1) of subpart A (General Provisions), with the revisions and additions in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section.
(1) The report shall include a brief description of each solvent cleaning machine including machine type (batch vapor, batch cold, vapor in-line, or cold-line), solvent/air interface area, and existing controls.
(2) The report shall include the anticipated compliance approach for each solvent cleaning machine.
(3) In lieu of §63.5(d)(1)(ii)(H) of subpart A of this part, the owner or operator must report an estimate of annual halogenated HAP solvent consumption for each solvent cleaning machine.
(c) Each owner or operator of a batch cold solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit a compliance report to the Administrator. For existing sources, this report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the compliance date specified in §63.460(d). For new sources, this report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after startup or May 1, 1995, whichever is later. This report shall include the requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section.
(3) A statement, signed by the owner or operator of the solvent cleaning machine, stating that the solvent cleaning machine for which the report is being submitted is in compliance with the provisions of this subpart.
(4) The compliance approach for each solvent cleaning machine.
(d) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.463 shall submit to the Administrator an initial statement of compliance for each solvent cleaning machine. For existing sources, this report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the compliance date specified in §63.460(d). For new sources, this report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after startup or May 1, 1995, whichever is later. This statement shall include the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(6) of this section.
(3) A list of the control equipment used to achieve compliance for each solvent cleaning machine.
(4) For each piece of control equipment required to be monitored, a list of the parameters that are monitored and the values of these parameters measured on or during the first month after the compliance date.
(5) Conditions to maintain the wind speed requirements of §63.463(e)(2)(ii), if applicable.
(6) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards of §63.463(b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), and (c)(2)(ii) shall submit a test report for tests of idling emissions meeting the specifications in Method 307 of appendix A to this subpart. This report shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(6)(i) through (d)(6)(iv) of this section.
(i) This test must be on the same specific model cleaner used at the source. The test can be done by the owner or operator of the affected machine or can be supplied by the vendor of that solvent cleaning machine or a third party.
(ii) This report must clearly state the monitoring parameters, monitoring frequency and the delineation of exceedances for each parameter.
(iii) If a solvent cleaning machine vendor or third party test report is used to demonstrate compliance, it shall include the following for the solvent cleaning machine tested: Name of person(s) or company that performed the test, model name, the date the solvent cleaning machine was tested, serial number, and a diagram of the solvent cleaning machine tested.
(iv) If a solvent cleaning machine vendor or third party test report is used, the owner or operator of the solvent cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraphs (d)(6)(iv)(A) and (d)(6)(iv)(B) of this section.
(A) Submit a statement by the solvent cleaning machine vendor that the unit tested is the same as the unit the report is being submitted for.
(B) Demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction that the solvent emissions from the solvent cleaning machine for which the test report is being submitted are equal to or less than the solvent emissions from the solvent cleaning machine in the vendor test report.
(7) If a carbon adsorber is used to comply with these standards, the date and results of the weekly measurement of the halogenated HAP solvent concentration in the carbon adsorber exhaust required in §63.466(e).
(e) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.464 shall submit to the Administrator an initial statement of compliance for each solvent cleaning machine. For existing sources, this report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the compliance date specified in §63.460(d). For new sources, this report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after startup or May 1, 1995, whichever is later. The statement shall include the information specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section.
(1) The name and address of the solvent cleaning machine owner or operator.
(2) The address of the solvent cleaning machine(s).
(3) The solvent/air interface area for each solvent cleaning machine or, for cleaning machines without a solvent/air interface, a description of the method used to determine the cleaning capacity and the results.
(4) The results of the first 3-month average emissions calculation.
(f) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.463 shall submit an annual report by February 1 of the year following the one for which the reporting is being made. This report shall include the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(3) of this section.
(1) A signed statement from the facility owner or his designee stating that, “All operators of solvent cleaning machines have received training on the proper operation of solvent cleaning machines and their control devices sufficient to pass the test required in §63.463(d)(10).”
(2) An estimate of solvent consumption for each solvent cleaning machine during the reporting period.
(3) The reports required under paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section can be combined into a single report for each facility.
(g) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine complying with the provisions of §63.464 shall submit a solvent emission report every year. This solvent emission report shall contain the requirements specified in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(4) of this section.
(1) The size and type of each unit subject to this subpart (solvent/air interface area or cleaning capacity).
(2) The average monthly solvent consumption for the solvent cleaning machine in kilograms per month.
(3) The 3-month monthly rolling average solvent emission estimates calculated each month using the method as described in §63.465(c).
(4) The reports required under paragraphs (f) and (g) of this section can be combined into a single report for each facility.
(h) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine shall submit an exceedance report to the Administrator semiannually except when, the Administrator determines on a case-by-case basis that more frequent reporting is necessary to accurately assess the compliance status of the source or, an exceedance occurs. Once an exceedance has occurred the owner or operator shall follow a quarterly reporting format until a request to reduce reporting frequency under paragraph (i) of this section is approved. Exceedance reports shall be delivered or postmarked by the 30th day following the end of each calendar half or quarter, as appropriate. The exceedance report shall include the applicable information in paragraphs (h) (1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Information on the actions taken to comply with §63.463 (e) and (f). This information shall include records of written or verbal orders for replacement parts, a description of the repairs made, and additional monitoring conducted to demonstrate that monitored parameters have returned to accepted levels.
(2) If an exceedance has occurred, the reason for the exceedance and a description of the actions taken.
(3) If no exceedances of a parameter have occurred, or a piece of equipment has not been inoperative, out of control, repaired, or adjusted, such information shall be stated in the report.
(i) An owner or operator who is required to submit an exceedance report on a quarterly (or more frequent) basis may reduce the frequency of reporting to semiannual if the conditions in paragraphs (i)(1) through (i)(3) of this section are met.
(1) The source has demonstrated a full year of compliance without an exceedance.
(2) The owner or operator continues to comply with all relevant recordkeeping and monitoring requirements specified subpart A (General Provisions) and in this subpart.
(3) The Administrator does not object to a reduced frequency of reporting for the affected source as provided in paragraph (e)(3)(iii) of subpart A (General Provisions).
(k) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine requesting an equivalency determination, as described in §63.469 shall submit an equivalency request report to the Administrator. For existing sources, this report must be submitted to the Administrator no later than June 3, 1996. For new sources, this report must be submitted and approved by the Administrator prior to startup.
[59 FR 61805, Dec. 2, 1994; 60 FR 29485, June 5, 1995, as amended at 64 FR 69643, Dec. 14, 1999; 71 FR 75346, Dec. 19, 2005]
Upon written application, the Administrator may approve the use of equipment or procedures after they have been satisfactorily demonstrated to be equivalent, in terms of reducing emissions of methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride or chloroform to the atmosphere, to those prescribed for compliance within a specified paragraph of this subpart. The application must contain a complete description of the equipment or procedure and the proposed equivalency testing procedure and the date, time, and location scheduled for the equivalency demonstration.
(1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in §§63.460, 63.462(a) through (d), and 63.463 through 63.464 (except for the authorities in §63.463(d)(9)). Use the procedures in §63.469 to request the use of alternative equipment or procedures.
[68 FR 37349, June 23, 2003]
Table 1—Facility-wide Emission Limits for Facilities With Solvent Cleaning Machines
Facility-wide annual emission limit in kg for military depot
PCE onlya 4,800 8,000
TCE only 14,100 23,500
MC only 60,000 100,000
Multiple solvents—Calculate the MC-weighted emissions using equation 1 60,000 100,000
a PCE emission limit calculated using CalEPA URE.
Note: In the equation, the facility emissions of PCE and TCE are weighted according to their carcinogenic potency relative to that of MC. The value of A is 12.5. The value for B is 4.25.
(2) Each owner or operator of an affected facility shall, on the first operating day of the month, using the records of all solvent additions and deletions for the previous month, determine solvent emissions (Eunit) from each solvent cleaning machine using equation 10:
Eunit = the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions from the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent month i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
SAi = the total amount of halogenated HAP liquid solvent added to the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent month i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
LSRi = the total amount of halogenated HAP liquid solvent removed from the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent month i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
SSRi = the total amount of halogenated HAP solvent removed from the solvent cleaning machine in solid waste, obtained as described in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, during the most recent month i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
(3) Each owner or operator of an affected facility shall, on the first operating day of the month, determine SSRi using the method specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i) or (c)(3)(ii) of this section.
(4) Each owner or operator of an affected facility shall on the first operating day of the month, after 12 months of emissions data are available, determine the 12-month rolling total emissions, ETunit, for the 12-month period ending with the most recent month using equation 11:
ETunit = the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the preceding 12 months, (kilograms of solvent emissions per 12-month period).
Eunit = halogenated HAP solvent emissions for each month (j) for the most recent 12 months (kilograms of solvent per month).
(5) Each owner or operator of an affected facility shall on the first operating day of the month, after 12 months of emissions data are available, determine the 12-month rolling total emissions, ETfacility, for the 12-month period ending with the most recent month using equation 12:
ETfacility = the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the preceding 12 months for all cleaning machines at the facility, (kilograms of solvent emissions per 12-month period).
ETunit = the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the preceding 12 months for each unit j, where i equals the total number of units at the facility (kilograms of solvent emissions per 12-month period).
(d) If the applicable facility-wide emission limit presented in Table 1 of paragraph (b)(2) is not met, an exceedance has occurred. All exceedances shall be reported as required in §63.468(h).
(3) This report can be combined with the annual report required in §63.468(f) and (g) into a single report for each facility.
[72 FR 25158, May 3, 2007]
______ 1. What is the maximum allowable speed for parts entry and removal?
______ 2. How do you ensure that parts enter and exit the solvent cleaning machine at the speed required in the regulation?
______ 3. Identify the sources of air disturbances.
______ 4. What are the three operating modes?
______ 5. When can parts or parts baskets be removed from the solvent cleaning machine?
______ 6. How must parts be oriented during cleaning?
______ 7. During startup, what must be turned on first, the primary condenser or the sump heater?
______ 8. During shutdown, what must be turned off first, the primary condenser or the sump heater?
______ 9. In what manner must solvent be added to and removed from the solvent cleaning machine?
______ 10. What must be done with waste solvent and still and sump bottoms?
______ 11. What types of materials are prohibited from being cleaned in solvent cleaning machines using halogenated HAP solvents?
[ ] Freeboard Refrigeration Device
______ 1. What temperature must the FRD achieve?
[ ] Working-Mode Cover
______ 2. When can a cover be open?
______ 3. Covers must be maintained in what condition?
[ ] Dwell
______ 4. Where must the parts be held for the appropriate dwell time?
Applies to subpart T
63.1(a) (1)-(3) Yes Yes
63.1(a)(4) Yes Yes Subpart T (this appendix) specifies applicability of each paragraph in subpart A to subpart T.
63.1(a)(5) No No
63.1(a) (6)-(8) Yes Yes
63.1(a)(9) No No
63.1(a)(10) Yes Yes
63.1(a)(11) No No Subpart T allows submittal of notifications and reports through the U.S. mail, fax, and courier. Subpart T requires that the postmark for notifications and reports submitted through the U.S. mail or other non-Governmental mail carriers be on or before deadline specified in an applicable requirement.
63.1(a) (12)-(14) Yes Yes
63.1(b)(1) No No Subpart T specifies applicability.
63.1(b)(2) No Yes
63.1(b)(3) No No Subpart T requires that a record of halogenated cleaning machine applicability determination be kept on site for 5 years, or until the cleaning machine changes its operations. The record shall be sufficiently detailed to allow the Administrator to make a finding about the source's applicability status with regard to subpart T.
63.1(c)(1) Yes Yes
63.1(c)(2) Yes Yes Subpart T, §63.460(h) exempts area sources subject to this subpart from the obligation to obtain Title V operating permits.
63.1(c)(3) No No
63.1(c)(4) Yes Yes
63.1(c)(5) Yes Yes Subpart T does not require continuous monitoring systems (CMS) or continuous opacity monitoring systems. Therefore, notifications and requirements for CMS and COMS specified in subpart A do not apply to subpart T.
63.1(d) No No
63.1(e) No Yes
63.2 Yes Yes Subpart T definitions (§63.461) for existing and new overlap with the definitions for existing source and new source in subpart A (§63.2). Both subpart A and T also define Administrator.
63.3(a)-(c) Yes Yes
63.4(a) (1)-(3) Yes Yes
63.4(a)(4) No No
63.4(a)(5) Yes Yes
63.4(b)-(c) Yes Yes
63.5(a)(1) Yes Yes
63.5(a)(2) Yes Yes
63.5(b)(1) Yes Yes
63.5(b)(2) No No
63.5(b)(3) No No Subpart T overrides the requirement for approval prior to constructing a new or reconstructing an existing major source.
63.5(b)(4)-(6) Yes Yes
63.5(c) No No
63.5 (d)-(f) No No Subpart T overrides the requirement to submit an application for approval of construction or reconstruction of a halogenated solvent cleaning machine.
63.6(a) Yes Yes
63.6(b) (1)-(5) Yes Yes Subpart T, §63.460, specifies compliance dates.
63.6(b)(6) No No
63.6(b)(7) No No Subpart T has the same requirements for affected halogenated HAP solvent cleaning machine subcategories that are located at area sources as it does for those located at major sources.
63.6(c)(1)-(2) Yes Yes Subpart T allows 3 years from the date of promulgation for both area and major existing sources to comply.
63.6(c) (3)-(4) No No
63.6(c)(5) Yes Yes Subpart T has the same requirements for affected halogenated HAP solvent cleaning machine subcategories that are located at area sources as it does for those located at major sources.
Subpart T allows 3 years from the date of promulgation for both area and major existing sources to comply.
63.6(d) No No
63.6(e)(1)-(2) Yes Yes
63.6(e)(3) No No Subpart T overrides the requirement of a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan. Subpart T specifies startup and shutdown procedures to be followed by an owner or operator for batch vapor and in-line cleaning machines.
63.6(f)-(g) Yes Yes
63.6(h) No No Subpart T does not require compliance with an opacity or visible emission standard.
63.6(i) (1)-(14) Yes Yes
63.6(i)(15) No No
63.6(i)(16) Yes Yes
63.6(j) Yes Yes
63.7(a) No Yes Subpart T gives owners or operators the option to perform an idling emission performance test as a way of demonstrating compliance. Other options are also available that do not require a performance test.
63.7(b) No Yes This is only required for those owners or operators that choose the idling emission standard as their compliance option.
63.7(c)(1) No Yes This is only required for those owners or operators that choose the idling emission standard as their compliance option.
63.7(c) (2)-(3) No No Subpart T does not require a site-specific test plan for the idling emission performance test.
63.7(c)(4) No No Subpart T does not require a performance test that involves the retrieval of gas samples, and therefore this does not apply.
63.7(d) No No Requirements do not apply to the idling emission performance test option.
63.7(e) No Yes
63.7(f) No Yes
63.7(g) No Yes Subpart T specifies what is required to demonstrate idling emission standard compliance through the use of the Environmental Protection Agency test method 307 and control device monitoring. Reports and records of testing and monitoring are required for compliance verification. Three runs of the test are required for compliance, as specified in §63.7(e) of subpart A.
63.7(h) No No Subpart T does not require the use of a performance test to comply with the standard. The idling emission standard option (which requires an idling emission performance test) is an alternative option offered to owners or operators of batch vapor and in-line cleaning machines for compliance flexibility.
63.8 (a)-(b) Yes Yes
63.8 (c)-(e) No No Subpart T does not require the use of continuous monitoring systems to demonstrate compliance.
63.8(f) Yes Yes
63.8(g) No No Subpart T does not require continuous opacity monitoring systems and continuous monitoring systems data.
63.9(a) (1)-(4) Yes Yes
63.9(b)(1) Yes Yes
63.9(b)(2) Yes Yes Subpart T includes all of those requirements stated in subpart A, except that subpart A also requires a statement as to whether the affected source is a major or an area source, and an identification of the relevant standard (including the source's compliance date). Subpart T also has some more specific information requirements specific to the affected source (see subpart T, §§63.468(a)-(b)).
63.9(b)(3) Yes Yes The subpart A and subpart T initial notification reports differ (see above).
63.9(b)(4) No No Subpart T does not require an application for approval of construction or reconstruction.
63.9(b)(5) Yes Yes
63.9(c) Yes Yes
63.9(d) Yes Yes
63.9(e) Yes Yes Under subpart T, this requirement only applies to owners or operators choosing to comply with the idling emissions standard.
63.9(f) No No Subpart T does not require opacity or visible emission observations.
63.9(g)(1) No No Subpart T does not require the use of continuous monitoring systems or continuous opacity monitoring systems.
63.9(h) No No Section 63.468 of subpart T requires an initial statement of compliance for existing sources to be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the compliance date specified in §63.460(d) of subpart T. For new sources, this report is to be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days from the date specified in §63.460(c).
63.9(i) Yes Yes
63.9(j) Yes Yes
63.10(a) Yes Yes
63.10(b) No No Recordkeeping requirements are specified in subpart T.
63.10(c) (1)-(15) No No Subpart T does not require continuous monitoring systems.
63.10(d)(1) Yes Yes
63.10(d)(2) No No Reporting requirements are specified in subpart T.
63.10(e) (l)-(2) No No Subpart T does not require continuous emissions monitoring systems.
63.10(e)(3) No No Subpart T does not require continuous monitoring systems.
63.10(e)(4) No No Subpart T does not require continuous opacity monitoring systems.
63.10(f) Yes Yes
63.11(a) Yes Yes
63.11(b) No No Flares are not a control option under subpart T.
63.12 (a)-(c) Yes Yes
63.13 (a)-(c) Yes Yes
63.14 No No Subpart T requirements do not require the use of the test methods incorporated by reference in subpart A.
63.15(a)-(b) Yes Yes
[59 FR 61818, Dec. 2, 1994; 60 FR 29485, June 5, 1995, as amended at 70 FR 75346, Dec. 19, 2005]