Source: http://www.google.ca/patents/US8861071
Timestamp: 2017-10-19 09:27:49
Document Index: 83469631

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 05255647', 'Application No. 11157386', 'Application No. 200510105063', 'Application No. 05255647', 'Application No. 05255647', 'Application No. 05255647', 'Application No. 11157386', 'Application No. 10']

Patent US8861071 - Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of ... - Google Patents
In one embodiment of the invention, a display is provided and includes a plurality of interferometric display elements. The display further includes at least one diffuser. Optical properties of the diffuser are selected to reduce color shift of the display when viewed from at least one angle....http://www.google.ca/patents/US8861071?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8861071 - Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of view
Publication number US8861071 B2
Application number US 13/229,467
Also published as CA2519485A1, EP1640314A2, EP1640314A3, EP2388234A1, US7630123, US8045256, US20060077522, US20100149624, US20120002265
Publication number 13229467, 229467, US 8861071 B2, US 8861071B2, US-B2-8861071, US8861071 B2, US8861071B2
Patent Citations (461), Non-Patent Citations (39), Classifications (11), Legal Events (3)
US 8861071 B2
at least one optical display element configured to reflect incident light, the at least one optical display element having an optical response that depends at least in part on angle of view and wavelength of the incident light; and
a diffuser having an optical response that corresponds to the optical response of the optical display element to reduce color shift at different angles of view.
9. The display of claim 1, wherein the diffuser and optical display element are configured to produce a combined optical response that reduces angular color shift to less than about 10 to 20 nanometers for an angle-of-view change of about 50 degrees.
at least one optical display element having a spectral responsivity that varies with angle of view, θ, such that color varies with angle of view; and
a non-lambertian diffuser having an optical response that varies with angle of view, said diffuser reducing variation of color with angle of view.
11. The display of claim 10, wherein the diffuser comprises a high gain diffuser.
12. The display of claim 10, wherein the diffuser comprises a low gain diffuser.
13. The display of claim 10, wherein the optical response of the diffuser has a peak value at a non-zero angle of view for a normal angle of incidence.
14. The display of claim 13, wherein the optical response of the diffuser has a peak value at an angle of view greater than about 5 degrees for light incident on the diffuser at an angle of incidence, θi, of about 0°.
15. The display of claim 10, wherein the optical response of the diffuser is dependent on angle of incidence of light on the diffuser.
16. The display of claim 15, wherein the optical response of the diffuser is peaked at an angle of view that is unequal to the angle of incidence of the light on the diffuser.
17. The display of claim 16, wherein said peaked angle of view is different for different angles of incidence.
18. The display of claim 10, wherein the optical response of the diffuser further depends on the wavelength of light.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/631,686, filed on Dec. 4, 2009, which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/040,824, filed on Jan. 21, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,630,123, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/613,978, filed on Sep. 27, 2004. U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 12/631,686 and 11/040,824 are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
As noted above, the optical response R(θi, λ) of the modulator 401 is represented as a function of the angle of incidence, θi, and wavelength of light, λ, entering the modulator 401. As the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection for specular reflection, the view angle, θ, for the modulator is equal to the angle of incidence, θi, on the modulator. Hence, R(θi, λ) characterizes the optical response of the modulator as a function of view angle, θ.
For the combination of the modulator 401 and the diffuser 402, the view angle, θ, of the modulator corresponds to the angle of incidence, θi, of the diffuser. Thus, the total or net optical response of the modulator 401 as modified by the diffuser 402 (see FIG. 11) may be expressed as R(θ, λ) in accordance with the following relation:
Using the above equation, the modified spectral reflectance R(θ, λ) that includes the effects of the diffuser 402 can be computed. The summation is performed for a range of angles θi(i.e., for θi=0 to 90 degrees) in determining the responsivity R′(θ, λ). The result is spectral response of the display for a given view angle θ.
In one embodiment, it is desirable to define the type of overall or corrected reflectance (i.e., R′(θ, λ)) in terms of particular criteria, e.g., acceptable or unacceptable level of color shift. For example, if the color shift at a particular angle of view (e.g., 30 degrees) is 100 nanometers, it may be desirable to reduce such color shift to no more than 20 nanometers. In such a case, the uncompensated optical response R(θi, λ) of the modulator 401 having an undesirable 100-nanometer color shift (e.g., at 30 degrees) may be improved with a suitable diffuser so as to provide a resultant spectral response R′(θ, λ)) having an acceptable 20-nanometer color shift. It is worth noting that these numbers are chosen arbitrarily for illustrative purpose, and any tolerance level in color shift may be used in practice. For instance in certain embodiments, the level of tolerance in color shift characteristics may depend on intended use or planned viewing conditions.
Accordingly, the desirable optical response R′(θ, λ) is derivable from the uncompensated optical response R(θi, λ). In this case, since the optical response of uncompensated R(θi, λ) and desired R′(θ, λ) are known functions, the optical response (i.e., characteristics) for D(θi, θ) can be computed from the above equation. Since the above equation has only one unknown variable, D(θi, θ) can be determined to define the suitable diffuser for providing the desired spectral responsivity R′(θ, λ). The D(θi, θ), once solved may, for example, correspond to a diffuser having a high gain, a low gain, or a very low gain response, or other suitable characteristics.
To illustrate application of this optical model, calculations for determining the spectral response R′(θ, λ) of the combination of the modulator 401 and diffuser 402 based on the known spectral response R(θi, λ) of the modulator 401 and the known optical response D(θi,θ) of the diffuser are provided.
To verify that the selected diffuser 402 performs the intended color shift compensation, for example, one may compute R′(θ, λ) using the actual optical response D(θi, θ) of the diffuser 402. To determine such compensated optical response R′(θ, λ) of the modulator 401 as modified by the diffuser 402, the equation above is used to compute R′(θ, λ) at a desired angle of view. In this example, the optical response D(θi,θ) is used and it is assumed that D(0°, 10°)=0.5 and D(10°, 10°)=0.2 to compute the effect of the diffuser 402 at an angle of view 10°. It is to be recognized that these numbers have been selected arbitrarily to illustrate the principle described herein and are not limiting. Moreover, as discussed above, the convolution may be performed for a greater number of angles of incidence θi, even though in this numeric example only values at two values of θi are provided for D(θi, θ), i.e., 0.2 and 0.5.
In performing the convolution of D(θi, θ) with R(θi, λ), R′(θ, λ) can be computed at an angle of view of 10° (or at any desired angle of view, e.g., between 0° and 90°, in a like manner). In performing the convolution in this particular example, each value for D(θi, θ) that is used is obtained from the D(θi, θ) curve at the angle of view (in this example, θ=10°) for all values of θi.
As noted above, for each angle of view computation, the convolution is summed by varying θi from 0° to 90° to compute the total modified or compensated optical response R′(θ, λ) (as corrected by the diffuser 402). In this numeric example, the computation may operate as follows:
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International Classification G02B5/02, G02F1/29, G02B26/08, G02B26/00
Cooperative Classification G02B26/0808, G02B26/001, G02B5/0278, G02B5/0236
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