Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN104777618B/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-10 22:12:59
Document Index: 364440209

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 201210020850', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 111', 'art 112', 'arts 111', 'art 112', 'art 111', 'art 34', 'art 34', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 21', 'art 2', 'art 21', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art 21', 'art.\n15']

CN104777618B - Virtual image display apparatus - Google Patents
CN104777618B
CN104777618B CN201510229455.5A CN201510229455A CN104777618B CN 104777618 B CN104777618 B CN 104777618B CN 201510229455 A CN201510229455 A CN 201510229455A CN 104777618 B CN104777618 B CN 104777618B
CN201510229455.5A
CN104777618A (en
2011-02-04 Priority to JP2011-022442 priority Critical
2011-02-04 Priority to JP2011022442A priority patent/JP5742263B2/en
2012-01-30 Application filed by 精工爱普生株式会社 filed Critical 精工爱普生株式会社
2012-01-30 Priority to CN201210020850.9A priority patent/CN102628989B/en
2015-07-15 Publication of CN104777618A publication Critical patent/CN104777618A/en
2017-10-13 Publication of CN104777618B publication Critical patent/CN104777618B/en
A kind of virtual image display apparatus, with image display device, projection optical system, light guide member, light guide member has light guide section, image light is set to incide the light incident section of light guide section, the image light guided by light guide section is set to inject to the light injection part of outside, make it possible to observe image light by light injection part, light guide section has guide-lighting the 1st reflecting surface and the 2nd reflecting surface that can be carried out based on total reflection for the configuration that is parallel to each other, light incident section has the 3rd reflecting surface into predetermined angular with the 1st reflecting surface, light injection part has the 4th reflecting surface into predetermined angular with the 1st reflecting surface, make the image light from image display device guide-lighting in light guide member, image light formed by reflecting will be corresponded to by light injection part and inject to outside, 3rd reflecting surface has been applied in the coating of the total reflection for reducing light loss, 4th reflecting surface has been applied in half minute surface, 4th reflecting surface makes image light and ambient light reduce and overlapping, the light extinction rate of ambient light is lower than the light extinction rate of image light.
The application is to be based on entitled " virtual image display apparatus ", and the applying date is on January 30th, 2012, Application No. 201210020850.9 application for a patent for invention divisional application.
The present invention relates to the virtual image display apparatus for being worn on the head mounted display that head is used etc..
In recent years, the virtual image display apparatus of the formation and observation of the virtual image can be carried out like that on head mounted display, carried Gone out the various types of schemes image light from display element being directed to light guide plate in the pupil of observer.
In this virtual image display apparatus, it is proposed that make the image light perspective optical system overlapping with ambient light (with reference to specially Sharp document 1,2).
But, in the device of the grade record of patent document 1, the guide-lighting optical system of pupil size is less than by using exit wound of bullet The Pupil Segmentation mode of system realizes perspective, thus is difficult the display size of the increase virtual image.Also, due to using less than Ruler for measuring pupil Very little guide-lighting optical system, thus be difficult that the effective pupil footpath of increase (can be taken into the daylighting diameter of the virtual image, also referred to as emergent pupil is straight Footpath) it is wide to tackle each eye of people.Also, due to configuring the exit wound of bullet and frame of guide-lighting optical system near pupil physically Body, thus cause to produce dead band, it cannot be said that it is complete perspective.
In addition, as the optical system of head mounted display, exist with can be with the different multiple light of guide-lighting angle The optical system for the light pipe that pattern is advanced (with reference to patent document 3).In the optical system, with the picture based on multiple optical modes Premised on mutual dislocation, liquid crystal surface is illuminated using the collimated light of different incident angles is set to according to each optical mode Plate.Also, display content is changed according to each optical mode, and is sequentially performed the display of each optical mode, thus will be each The image of individual optical mode connects and obtains general image.In such a case it is necessary to a liquid crystal panel according to the time difference come Change and show the intermediate image and left images for constituting general image so that virtual image display apparatus complicates, observe image It is dimmed.
【Patent document 1】Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-3879 publications
【Patent document 2】Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-224473 publications
【Patent document 3】Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2008-535001 publications
The present invention exactly in view of the aforementioned technical background the problem of and propose, its object is to provide a kind of virtual image display dress Put, the display size of the virtual image can be increased with simple structure, it can be ensured that larger exit pupil whose diameter, can realize good Fluoroscopic observation.
In order to solve the above problems, the first virtual image display apparatus of the invention has：(a) image for forming image light is shown Device；(b) projection optical system of image light incidence projected from image display device is made；And (c) makes it possible to by light Injection part observes the light guide member of image light, and the light guide member has light guide section, the light incidence for making image light incide light guide section Portion and make the image light guided by light guide section inject to outside light injection part, (d) light guide section have be parallel to each other configuration, Guide-lighting the 1st reflecting surface and the 2nd reflecting surface based on total reflection can be carried out, (e) light incident section has with the 1st reflecting surface into pre- Determine the 3rd reflecting surface of angle, (f) light injection part has the 4th reflecting surface into predetermined angular with the 1st reflecting surface, and (g) makes to come from institute The image light for stating image display device is guide-lighting in light guide member, will be corresponded to formed by reflection by the smooth injection part and schemed As light injects to outside, the 3rd reflecting surface has been applied in the coating of the total reflection for reducing light loss, and the described 4th is anti- The face of penetrating has been applied in half minute surface, and the 4th reflecting surface reduces described image light and the ambient light, and make described image light and The ambient light is overlapping, and the light extinction rate of the ambient light is lower than the light extinction rate of described image light.
In above-mentioned virtual image display apparatus, light incident section the 3rd reflective surface image light light guide section the 1st He 2nd reflecting surface is totally reflected and propagated, then is reflected in the 4th reflecting surface of light injection part, is then incided as the virtual image In the eyes of observer.Now, the image light from image display device is made to be led with different order of reflection in light guide member Light, it is thus possible to increase the angular range of the injection angle of the image light projected from light injection part.That is, will be from image display device Project and synthesized via the different image light of the order of reflection of light guide member, be used as the partly overlapping virtual image of formation Image light and take out, it is thus possible to ensure the display size for the virtual image observed across light injection part than larger.So, shape is passed through Into the construction for taking out the different image light of order of reflection, it is not necessary to by light guide section be designed to it is very thick can increase light injection part, with Just pupil is covered, thus light injection part need not be made close to pupil to carry out Pupil Segmentation, it can be ensured that larger emergent pupil Diameter, can also realize good fluoroscopic observation.
In addition, in the 1st above-mentioned virtual image display apparatus, making the image light from image display device with different reflections Number of times is guide-lighting in light guide member, by light injection part will correspond to multiple images light formed by order of reflection it is simultaneously synthesizing and Outside is injected to, thus can be used as forming the image light of a virtual image and taking out.
The second virtual image display apparatus of the present invention has：(a) image display device of image light is formed；(b) make from image The projection optical system for the image light incidence that display device is projected；And (c) makes it possible to observe image light by light injection part Light guide member, the light guide member has light guide section, image light is incided the light incident section of light guide section and is made to be drawn by light guide section The image light led inject to outside light injection part, (d) light guide section have be parallel to each other configuration, can carry out based on total reflection Guide-lighting the 1st reflecting surface and the 2nd reflecting surface, (e) light incident section have with the 1st reflecting surface into predetermined angular the 3rd reflecting surface, (f) light injection part has with the 1st reflecting surface into the 4th reflecting surface of predetermined angular, and (g) makes the figure from described image display device Picture light is guide-lighting in light guide member, and image light formed by reflecting will be corresponded to by the smooth injection part and inject to outside, institute The coating that the 3rd reflecting surface has been applied in the total reflection for reducing light loss is stated, the 4th reflecting surface has been applied in half mirror Face, the 4th reflecting surface reduces described image light and the ambient light, and makes described image light and the ambient light overlapping, The light extinction rate of the ambient light is higher than the light extinction rate of described image light.
In above-mentioned virtual image display apparatus, light incident section the 3rd reflective surface image light light guide section the 1st He 2nd reflecting surface is totally reflected and propagated, then is reflected in the 4th reflecting surface of light injection part, is then incided as the virtual image In the eyes of observer.Now, the 1st image light from the part 1 region injection of image display device is made in the anti-of light guide section Penetrate the reflection of number of times, the 2nd image light projected with another region from image display device i.e. part 2 region in light guide section Number of times is different, it is thus possible to expand the angular range of the injection angle of the image light projected from light injection part.That is, can be to compare Wide visual angle is taken into the image light in the different piece region from image display device, it can be ensured that observed across light injection part The virtual image display size than larger.So, the construction of the different image light of order of reflection is taken out by being formed, it is not necessary to will lead Light portion be designed to it is very thick can expand light injection part, to cover pupil, thus light injection part need not be made close to pupil to enter Row Pupil Segmentation, it can be ensured that larger exit pupil whose diameter, can also realize good fluoroscopic observation.
The present invention specific aspect in, the virtual image display apparatus also have light transparent member, the light transparent member have with The opposed transmission plane of 4th reflecting surface, pupil is imported by the 4th face of the light guide member and the light transparent member by ambient light Hole, thus, it is possible to carry out fluoroscopic observation.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, the light guide member is by the 1st light guide section extended laterally that is arranged along eyes Part and the 2nd light guide member are constituted, and two light guide members are engaged with the light transparent member, and are connected in center one, and composition is covered Cover the optical component of observer at the moment.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, make the image light from described image display device with the reflection of different odd numbers Number of times is guide-lighting in light guide member, will be turned into by the smooth injection part corresponding to multiple images formed by order of reflection are photosynthetic 1 virtual image and inject to outside, 1 virtual image makes the described image light from described image display device with transversely arranged Mode reproduces and has overlapping widths.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, the exit wound of bullet width of the projection optical system on the 2nd direction is less than the 1st side The exit wound of bullet width of the upward projection optical system, the 1st direction is and the 1st reflecting surface and the 3rd reflection The parallel longitudinal direction of the intersection in face, the 2nd direction be it is parallel with the 1st reflecting surface and with the 1st reflecting surface and the described 3rd The vertical transverse direction of the intersection of reflecting surface, it is laterally that the 2nd direction is more than longitudinal direction i.e. that the effective dimensions of described image display device, which is, 1 direction.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, the parallel with the intersection of the 1st reflecting surface and the 3rd reflecting surface the 1st Side sets up the end face removed after crest line, to remove ghost image light.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, the parallel with the intersection of the 1st reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface the 1st Side sets up the end face removed after crest line, to remove ghost image light.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, on the described image light from described image display device, the longitudinally the i.e. the 1st Make the image to be formed in described image display device upright on direction, be laterally to make to be formed in described image on the 2nd direction Image reversion in display device, thus makes two described image light arrange with having overlapping widths in the horizontal, reproduces and close Into the arrangement of the image light from described image display device.
In the specific aspect of the present invention, produced in leaded light due to reflection the closing direction that light path turns back be with it is as follows The parallel direction in section, the section includes the normal of the 1st optical axis and the 3rd reflecting surface by projection optical system.From along The image light of the diverse location in above-mentioned closing direction is that the incident angle for making injection angle i.e. into light incident section is different from each other Image light, thus enables that the order of reflection difference in light guide section.
In another specific aspect of the present invention, the 3rd reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface all with the 1st reflecting surface shape it is at 45 ° with Under acute angle.In this case, from the 1st reflection surface side incident image light and image light can be made to inject to the 1st reflecting surface Side, can easily form the virtual image display apparatus with glasses type outward appearance.Further, it is possible to reduce the 1st reflecting surface and the 2nd reflecting surface Interval, make light guide section thinning, light guide section etc. is lightened.
In another specific aspect again of the present invention, the 3rd reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface form equal with the 1st reflecting surface Angle.In this case, the image for being formed at image display device can be made not have shifting ground to be projected from light injection part, energy Enough simplify image display device and projection optical system.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, projected by the 1st optical axis of projection optical system and from light injection part Normal parallel of 2nd optical axis of image light all with the 1st reflecting surface.Thereby, it is possible to simplify optical system, high accuracy is realized.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, the light guide member with light guide section, light incident section and light injection part is one The block part of body formation.Thereby, it is possible to critically maintain the configuration relation of the reflecting surface of the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th, without Adjust, and easily virtual image display apparatus is assembled.
The present invention yet other aspects in, light guide member using the reflecting surface of the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th as side, and With the upper and lower surface abutted respectively with the reflecting surface of the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, light guide member, which has, includes at least one party in the 1st end face and the 2nd end face Polyhedron-shaped profile, the 1st end face is arranged to remove the crest line between the 1st reflecting surface and the 3rd reflecting surface, the 2nd end face quilt It is set to remove the crest line between the 1st reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface.Have around the crest line at the two ends of the 1st reflecting surface and form weight The trend of image, thus remove crest line to design the 1st end face and the 2nd end face, the formation of ghost image can be suppressed.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, light guide member is integrally formed by injection molding.In this feelings Under condition, light guide member can be accurately produced in batches using injection molding technology.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, light guide member is the molding resin material with hot polymerization mould assembly.This In the case of, lightweight and security can be improved using resin, stable high-precision shaping can be realized by heat cure.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, light guide member has been applied in hard painting in the 1st reflecting surface and the 2nd reflecting surface Layer.In this case, it is possible to increase the 1st reflecting surface and the durability of the 2nd reflecting surface of light guide member.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, half mirror finish is applied on the 4th reflecting surface, also with wedge-like Light transparent member, the light transparent member has the transmission plane opposed with the 4th reflecting surface.Can be by by the 4th reflecting surface and light transparent member Ambient light is directed in pupil, can realize relatively naturally observation to external world.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, half mirror finish adjusts transmissivity by the film thickness monitoring of Ag films.Ag Film, which can be formed, absorbs half good minute surface of few efficiency.Also, the sensitivity of the corresponding transmissivity of increase and decrease with thickness of Ag films Degree is lower than Al film etc., easily carries out the reflectivity of half minute surface or the adjustment of transmissivity.
In the yet other aspects of the present invention, the coating of total reflection is applied with to the 3rd reflecting surface.In this case, The light loss in the 3rd reflecting surface can be reduced.
Fig. 1 is the stereogram for the virtual image display apparatus for showing embodiment.
Fig. 2 (A) is the top view of the main part for the 1st display device for constituting virtual image display apparatus, and (B) is main part The front view divided.
Fig. 3 (A) is the figure of the construction of the 3rd reflecting surface of the light incident section for illustrating light guide member, and (B) is to illustrate light guide section The figure of the construction of 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface of the light guide section of part, (C) is the 4th reflecting surface of the light injection part for illustrating light guide member The figure of construction.
Fig. 4 (A) be will along the light path expansion in the 1st direction of longitudinal direction schematic diagram, (B) is by along the horizontal the 2nd The schematic diagram of the light path expansion in direction.
Fig. 5 is the top view of the light path for the optical system for illustrating virtual image display apparatus.
Fig. 6 (A) is the figure for the display surface for showing liquid crystal display device, (B) be schematically illustrate observer it can be seen that The figure of the virtual image of liquid crystal display device, (C) and (D) is the figure for illustrating to constitute the parts of images of the virtual image.
Fig. 7 (A) is the figure of the guide-lighting state for the image light for illustrating variation, and (B) is the liquid crystal of schematically illustrate variation The figure of the virtual image of display device.
Fig. 8 is to illustrate figure the reasons why light guide member designs the end face for removing crest line.
Fig. 9 is the figure for the variation for illustrating the light guide member that Fig. 2 (A) etc. is shown.
10 image processing systems；11 image display devices；12 projection optical systems；20 guiding devices；21 light guide members； The reflecting surface of 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d the 1st~the 4th；21e upper surfaces；21f lower surfaces；21h, 21i end face；23 light transparent members；23a、 23b, 23c face；25 specular layers；27 hard overlays；28 half specular layers；31 lighting devices；32 liquid crystal display devices；32b viewing areas Domain；34 drive control parts；100 virtual image display apparatus；100A, 100B display device；110 optic panels；121 frameworks；131、132 Drive division；The optical axises of AX1 the 1st；The optical axises of AX2 the 2nd；B1 light incident section；B2 light guide sections；B3 light injection parts；B4 perspectives portion；EY eyes； FS tabular surfaces；GL image lights；GL ' ambient lights；GL11, GL12, GL21, GL22 image light；IM1, IM2 projection image；IS light is incident Face；L1, L2, L3 lens；OS light emergence faces；P1 the 1st shows point；P2 the 2nd shows point；A10 part 1s region；A20 part 2s Region；SL illumination lights.
Below, the virtual image display apparatus for the embodiment that present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.
[outward appearance of A. virtual image display apparatus]
The virtual image display apparatus 100 of embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is the head mounted display of the outward appearance with such as glasses, The observer for having worn the virtual image display apparatus 100 can be made to recognize the image light based on the virtual image, and observer can be made Extraneous picture is observed in a perspective fashion.Virtual image display apparatus 100 has the optic panel 110 at the moment of covering observer, support light Learn the framework 121 of panel 110 and in the 1st and the 2nd added from the edge of framework 121 (ヨ ロ イ) into the part of hangers Drive division 131,132.Here, optic panel 110 has the 1st faceplate part 111 and the 2nd faceplate part 112, two faceplate parts 111st, 112 are formed as the part in the middle tabular linked into an integrated entity.By the 1st faceplate part the 111 and the 1st driving in left side in figure Portion 131 combines the part that the 1st obtained display device 100A is the virtual image to form left eye, can independently show and fill as the virtual image Put and play a role.Also, the 2nd display device for obtaining the 2nd faceplate part 112 on right side in figure and the combination of the 2nd drive division 132 100B is the part for the virtual image to form right eye, independently can be played a role as virtual image display apparatus.
[construction of B. display devices]
As shown in Fig. 2 (A) etc., the 1st display device 100A has image processing system 10 and guiding device 20.Here, figure Picture forming apparatus 10 is equivalent to the 1st drive division 131 in Fig. 1, and guiding device 20 is equivalent to the 1st faceplate part 111 in Fig. 1. Constructed in addition, the 2nd display device 100B shown in Fig. 1 has with the 1st display device 100A identicals, be only to invert left and right , thus omit the 2nd display device 100B detailed description.
Image processing system 10 has image display device 11 and projection optical system 12.Wherein, image display device 11 Have：Project the illumination light SL of two dimension lighting device 31；The spatial light modulating apparatus of transmission-type is liquid crystal display device 32；Control The drive control part 34 of the action of lighting device 31 and liquid crystal display device 32 processed.
Lighting device 31 has：Produce the light source 31a for the light for including three kinds of colors of red, green, blue；Make from light source 31a's Light spreads and turns into the backlight light guide section 31b of the light beam of square-section.32 pairs of liquid crystal display device is from lighting device 31 Illumination light SL carries out spatial modulation, and the image light of the display object such as dynamic image will be turned into by being formed.Drive control part 34 has light Source driving circuit 34a and liquid crystal display drive circuit 34b.Light source driving circuit 34a provides electric power to the light source 31a of lighting device 31, Project lightness stabilized illumination light SL.Liquid crystal display drive circuit 34b is to the output image signal of liquid crystal display device 32 or driving Signal, is thus formed into the basic coloured image light of dynamic image or still image as transmitance pattern.Though in addition, It can so make liquid crystal display drive circuit 34b that there is image processing function, but external control circuit can also be made to have at image Manage function.Projection optical system 12 is the image light projected from each point on liquid crystal display device 32 is turned into the light of parastate The collimation camera lens of beam.
In liquid crystal display device 32, the 1st direction D1 with including by the 1st optical axis AX1 of projection optical system 12 and with The bearing of trend correspondence of the longitudinal section of certain line parallel 3rd reflecting surface 21c of the light guide member 21 described below, the 2nd direction D2 is corresponding with the bearing of trend of the cross section of the normal including the 1st optical axis AX1 and the 3rd reflecting surface 21c.In other words, 1st direction D1 is the 1st reflecting surface 21a and the 3rd reflecting surface 21c of the light guide member 21 with describing the below parallel sides of intersection CL To, the 2nd direction D2 be it is parallel with the plane of the 1st reflecting surface 21a and also with the 1st reflecting surface 21a and the 3rd reflecting surface Direction vertical 21c intersection CL.That is, in the position of liquid crystal display device 32, the 1st direction D1 equivalent to longitudinal direction Y-direction, 2nd direction D2 is equivalent to horizontal X-direction.
In addition, the effective dimensions of liquid crystal display device 32 is the 2nd direction D2 laterally longer chi longer than the 1st direction D1 It is very little.On the other hand, the exit wound of bullet width of projection optical system 12 is the 1st direction D1 longitudinally longer chi longer than the 2nd direction D2 It is very little.
Guiding device 20 be light guide member 21 and light transparent member 23 are engaged formed by, constitute and XY faces on the whole The flat optical component extended parallel to.
Light guide member 21 in guiding device 20 is the prism-like part trapezoidal in top view, and its side includes the 1 reflecting surface 21a, the 2nd reflecting surface 21b, the 3rd reflecting surface 21c, the 4th reflecting surface 21d.Also, light guide member 21 has with the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th reflecting surface 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d adjoinings and mutually opposing upper surface 21e and lower surface 21f.Wherein, 1 and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b extends along XY faces, and is spaced the amount of the thickness t equivalent to light guide member 21.Also, the 3rd is anti- Penetrate face 21c to tilt with less than 45 ° of sharp angle α relative to XY faces, the 4th reflecting surface 21d is sharp with such as less than 45 ° relative to XY faces Angle beta is tilted.It is arranged in parallel by the 3rd reflecting surface 21c the 1st optical axis AX1 and by the 4th reflecting surface 21d the 2nd optical axis AX2, And spacing distance D.In addition, being provided with the end face 21h for eliminating crest line between the 1st reflecting surface 21a and the 3rd reflecting surface 21c, in detail Details condition will be described hereinafter.Light guide member 21 also include the end face 21h when in 7 faces polyhedral shape.
Light guide member 21 carries out leaded light using the total reflection based on the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b, exists when progress The direction turned back when guide-lighting via reflection and the direction turned back when carrying out guide-lighting not via reflection.In view of by leaded light The guide-lighting image of part 21, the transverse direction turned back when carrying out guide-lighting via multiple reflections closes direction and the 1st and the 2nd reflection Face 21a, 21b are vertical (parallel with Z axis), in the case where light path is deployed into light source side always as hereinafter described, are comparable to 2nd direction D2 of liquid crystal display device 32 direction, the longitudinal direction i.e. Free propagation turned back when carrying out guide-lighting not via reflection Direction is parallel (parallel with Y-axis) with the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b and the 3rd reflecting surface 21c, as hereinafter described by light path In the case of being deployed into light source side always, the 1st direction D1 of liquid crystal display device 32 direction is comparable to.
The resin material that light guide member 21 shows higher light transmission in visible region is formed.Light guide member 21 be integrally formed block parts by injection molding, for example the resinous wood by injecting hot polymerization mould assembly into mould Expect and make its heat cure and formed.This light guide member 21 is integrally formed product, but functionally it is contemplated that being divided into light Incident section B1, light guide section B2 and light injection part B3.
Light incident section B1 refers to the specular part of triangular prism, the light entrance face with the part as the 1st reflecting surface 21a The IS and 3rd reflecting surface 21c opposed with light entrance face IS.Light entrance face IS is for being taken into from image processing system 10 Image light GL rear side or the plane of observer side, it is opposed with projection optical system 12 and vertical with its 1st optical axis AX1 Ground extends.3rd reflecting surface 21c is the rectangle that the image light GL by light entrance face IS is reflected and is directed in light guide section B2 Total reflection minute surface, the specular layer 25 (reference picture 3 (A)) covered with protected seam 26.The specular layer 25 is the painting of total reflection Coating, is formed by implementing the evaporation progress film forming of aluminium etc. on the inclined-plane RS of light guide member 21.3rd reflecting surface 21c is relative Tilted, made from light entrance face IS with such as sharp angle α=25 °~27 ° in the 1st optical axis AX1 or XY faces of projection optical system 12 The incident and overall image light GL towards +Z direction is bent and the overall -X direction towards close to -Z direction, thus by image light GL is reliably guided in light guide section B2.
Light guide section B2 includes the two mutually opposing planes extended parallel to XY faces, i.e. make curved in light incident section B1 The 1st reflecting surface 21a and the 2nd reflecting surface 21b that image light after folding is totally reflected respectively.Between 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b Every the thickness t of i.e. light guide member 21 be e.g., from about 9mm.In this, it is assumed that the 1st reflecting surface 21a is located adjacent to image processing system 10 Rear side or observer side, the 2nd reflecting surface 21b is located remotely from the face side of image processing system 10 or extraneous side. In this case, the 1st reflecting surface 21a turns into and above-mentioned light entrance face IS or the common faces of the light emergence face OS described below Point.1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b is the fully reflecting surface using refringence, does not implement the reflectance coating of specular layer etc.. But, the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b covers (reference picture 3 (B)) by hard overlay 27, to prevent the damage on surface, prevents The only resolution reduction of image.The hard overlay 27 is handled by impregnation process or spin coated, in the flat of light guide member 21 Film forming UV thermosetting resins or thermosetting resin etc. on smooth face FS and formed.The figure of B1 the 3rd reflecting surface 21c reflections in light incident section It is totally reflected as light GL incides the 1st reflecting surface 21a first.Then, image light GL incides the 2nd reflecting surface 21b progress Total reflection.The action is repeated later, thus image light is directed into the depth side of guiding device 20 and sets light injection part B3-X sides.Further, since not implementing reflectance coating in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b, thus is incided from the external world 2 reflecting surface 21b ambient light or exterior light passes through light guide section B2 with higher transmissivity.That is, light guide section B2 is to have an X-rayed The Clairvoyant type part of extraneous picture.
The above-described total reflection in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b, by setting the refractive index of hard overlay 27, It can produce, but can also be produced in tabular surface FS inner side in the surface SS of hard overlay 27 inner side.
Light injection part B3 is the specular part of triangular prism, includes the light emergence face of the part as the 1st reflecting surface 21a The OS and 4th reflecting surface 21d opposed with light emergence face OS.Light emergence face OS is for the eye E Y injection figures towards observer As the plane of light GL rear side, turn into a 1st reflecting surface 21a part identically with light entrance face IS, and with the 2nd optical axis AX2 vertically extends.Width in view of the head of observer etc., by by light injection part B3 the 2nd optical axis AX2 and passing through light Incident section B1 the 1st optical axis AX1's is set as such as 50mm apart from D.4th reflecting surface 21d is anti-via the 1st and the 2nd for making The tabular surface for the rectangle that the incident image light GL of face 21a, 21b reflects and injected to outside light injection part B3 is penetrated, with half minute surface 28 (reference picture 3 (C)) of layer.Half specular layer 28 is carried out by implementing Ag etc. evaporation on the inclined-plane RS of light guide member 21 Formed by film forming.The reflectivity of half specular layer 28 is set to such as 20%, and transmissivity is set to such as 80%.4th is anti- The face 21d 2nd optical axis AX2 or XY faces vertical relative to the 1st reflecting surface 21a is penetrated to tilt with such as sharp angle α=25 °~27 °, Make via image light GL parts reflection incident light guide section B2 the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b and integrally towards -Z direction Bending, from there through light emergence face OS.In addition, inciding light transparent member 23 in the 4th reflecting surface 21d image light GL transmitted, no It is used for the formation of image.
Light transparent member 23 has a main body identical refractive index with light guide member 21, including the 1st face 23a, the 2nd face 23b, the 3 face 23c.1st and the 2nd face 23a, 23b extends along XY faces.Also, the 3rd face 23c is tilted relative to XY faces, and with leaded light 4th reflecting surface 21d of part 21 is opposed to configured in parallel.Light transparent member 23 is with light guide member 21 also with visible region In show the resin material of higher light transmission and formed.Light transparent member 23 is integrally formed bulk by injection molding Part, such as by resin material that hot polymerization mould assembly is injected into mould and make its heat cure and formed.
In light transparent member 23, the 1st face 23a configures the extended planar in the 1st reflecting surface 21a located at light guide member 21 On, and the eye E Y of observer rear side is located adjacent to, the 2nd face 23b is configured in the 2nd reflecting surface located at light guide member 21 In 21b extended planar, and it is located remotely from the eye E Y of observer face side.3rd face 23c is to be bonded on to lead using bonding agent The transmission plane of rectangle on 4th reflecting surface 21d of light part 21.
Light transparent member 23 and light guide member 21 both bonding part and its near constitute perspective portion B4.That is, in the 1st He 2nd face 23a, 23b does not implement the reflectance coating of specular layer etc., thus identical with the light guide section B2 of light guide member 21 makes the external world Light GL ' is transmitted with higher transmissivity.3rd face 23c can also be such that ambient light GL ' is transmitted with higher transmissivity, but due to leading 4th reflecting surface 21d of light part 21 has half specular layer 28, thus the ambient light GL ' passed through in the 3rd face 23c is for example by dim light 20%.That is, observer observe by be 20% by dim light image light GL and overlapping obtained by the ambient light GL ' that dim light is 80% Image.
[overview of the light path of C. image lights]
Fig. 4 (A) is the figure for the light path for illustrating 1st direction D1 corresponding with the longitudinal section CS1 of liquid crystal display device 32.On edge In the 1st direction D1 longitudinal section i.e. YZ faces (Y ' Z ' faces after expansion), in the image light that will be projected from liquid crystal display device 32, Projected from figure with the upper end side (+Y sides) of the viewing area 32b shown in single dotted broken line into being divided into image light GLa, from Projected in figure with the lower end side (- Y sides) of the viewing area 32b shown in double dot dash line into being divided into image light GLb.
The image light GLa of upside turns into collimated light beam, the optical axis AX ' along after being unfolded via projection optical system 12 By light incident section B1, the light guide section B2 and light injection part B3 of light guide member 21, with parallel beam state from angle φ1Top Oblique incidence is into the eye E Y of observer.On the other hand, the image light GLb of downside turns into flat via projection optical system 12 Row light beam, optical axis AX ' along after being unfolded by light incident section B1, the light guide section B2 and light injection part B3 of light guide member 21, With parallel beam state from angle φ2(|φ2|=| φ1|) inclined downward incide in the eye E Y of observer.Above-mentioned angle Spend φ1、φ2A half angle of view equivalent to above and below, for example, be set to 6.5 °.In addition, the image light GLa and the figure of downside of upside In not being the eye E Y for poorly incide interval time observer as light GLb, but incide simultaneously in the eye E Y of observer.
Fig. 4 (B) is explanation the 2nd direction corresponding with the cross section CS2 of liquid crystal display device 32 (closing direction or synthesis Direction) D2 light path figure.It is being (the exhibition of X Z faces along the 2nd direction (closing direction or compound direction) D2 cross section CS2 X ' Z ' faces after opening) in, the 1st display point P1 in the image light that will be projected from liquid crystal display device 32, from right-hand member side (+X sides) Towards in figure with the viewing area 32b injections shown in single dotted broken line into image light GLc is divided into, from left end side (- X sides) 2nd display point P2 towards in figure with the viewing area 32b injections shown in double dot dash line into being divided into image light GLd.In Fig. 4 (B) in, referential image light GLe projected from inner side of keeping right and the image light GLf projected from the inner side that keeps left have been added.
The image light GLc of the 1st display point P1 from right side turns into collimated light beam via projection optical system 12, along Optical axis AX ' after being unfolded is by light incident section B1, the light guide section B2 and light injection part B3 of light guide member 21, with directional light pencil State is from angle, θ1Right side oblique incidence into the eye E Y of observer.On the other hand, the figure of the 2nd display point P2 from left side As light GLd via projection optical system 12 as collimated light beam, the optical axis AX ' along after being unfolded passes through light guide member 21 Light incident section B1, light guide section B2 and light injection part B3, with parallel beam state from angle, θ2(|θ2|=| θ1|) left side enter It is mapped in the eye E Y of observer.Above-mentioned angle, θ1、θ2Equivalent to a half angle of view of left and right, for example, it is set to 10 °.In addition, The image light GLc of the upside and image light GLd of downside by it is simultaneously synthesizing and from light injection part B3 project.That is, the image light of upside During GLc and the image light GLd of downside are not the eye E Y for poorly incide interval time observer, but observation is incided simultaneously In the eye E Y of person.
In addition, along the 2nd direction D2 transverse direction, image light GLc, GLd is turned back by reflection in light guide member 21, instead The number of times penetrated is also different, thus each image light GLc, GLd shows as discontinuous shape in light guide member 21.As a result, on the whole Picture is inverted on laterally left and right, but as hereinafter described by accurately processing light guide member 21, liquid crystal display device 32 The image of right side half and the image of the left side half of liquid crystal display device 32 are jointlessly connected, and dislocation-free engage. Furthermore, it is contemplated that order of reflection of two image lights GLc, GLd in light guide member 21 is different from each other, the image light GLc on right side Injection angle θ1' and left side image light GLd injection angle θ2' it is set to different angles.
In accordance with the above, image light GLa, GLb, GLc, the GLd incided in the eye E Y of observer turns into from nothing The virtual image of distant place is limited, is erect image along the 1st direction D1 of the longitudinal direction images for being formed at liquid crystal display device 32, along horizontal the The image that 2 direction D2 are formed at liquid crystal display device 32 is inverted image.
[light paths of the D. along horizontal image light]
Fig. 5 is the sectional view for the specific light path for illustrating the 1st display device 100A.Projection optical system 12 has 3 lens L1、L2、L3。
The 1st display point P1 on the right side from liquid crystal display device 32 image light GL11, GL12 passes through projection optics system Lens L1, L2, L3 of system 12 and as collimated light beam, and incide the light entrance face IS of light guide member 21.It is directed into leaded light Total reflection is repeated with equal angle in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b in image light GL11, GL12 in part 21, Projected eventually as collimated light beam from light emergence face OS.Specifically, image light GL11, GL12 as collimated light beam in light guide section The 3rd reflecting surface 21c reflections of part 21, are then carried out complete with the 1st angle of reflection γ 1 the 1st reflecting surface 21a for inciding light guide member 21 Reflection (the 1st total reflection).Then, image light GL11, GL12 incides the 2nd reflection in the state of the 1st angle of reflection γ 1 is kept Face 21b is totally reflected (the 2nd time total reflection), is then again incident on the 1st reflecting surface 21a and is totally reflected and (is all-trans for the 3rd time Penetrate).As a result, image light GL11, GL12 is in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b 3 total reflections of total progress, and incides the 4th Reflecting surface 21d.Image light GL11, GL12 in the 4th reflecting surface 21d to be reflected with the 3rd reflecting surface 21c identical angles, As collimated light beam from the 2nd vertical relative to light emergence face OS light emergence face OS optical axis AX2 directions tilt angle theta1Penetrate Go out.
The 2nd display point P2 in the left side from liquid crystal display device 32 image light GL21, GL22 passes through projection optics system Lens L1, L2, L3 of system 12 and as collimated light beam, and incide the light entrance face IS of light guide member 21.It is directed into leaded light Total reflection is repeated with equal angle in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b in image light GL21, GL22 in part 21, Projected eventually as collimated light beam from light emergence face OS.Specifically, image light GL21, GL22 as collimated light beam in light guide section The 3rd reflecting surface 21c reflections of part 21, then with the (γ 2 of the 2nd angle of reflection γ 2<γ 1) incide the 1st reflecting surface of light guide member 21 21a is totally reflected (the 1st total reflection).Then, image light GL21, GL22 is incident in the state of the 2nd angle of reflection γ 2 is kept (the 2nd total reflection) is totally reflected to the 2nd reflecting surface 21b, the 1st reflecting surface 21a is then again incident on and is totally reflected (the 3 total reflections), it is again incident on the 2nd reflecting surface 21b and is totally reflected (the 4th total reflection), the 1st reflection is incided once more Face 21a is totally reflected (the 5th total reflection).As a result, image light GL21, GL22 is total in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b 5 total reflections are carried out, and incide the 4th reflecting surface 21d.Image light GL21, GL22 the 4th reflecting surface 21d with the 3rd reflection Face 21c identical angles are reflected, as collimated light beam from light emergence face OS it is vertical relative to light emergence face OS the 2nd Optical axis AX2 directions tilt angle theta2Project.
Draw out in Figure 5 when light guide member 21 is deployed imaginary 1st face 121a corresponding with the 1st reflecting surface 21a, Imaginary 2nd face 121b corresponding with the 2nd reflecting surface 21b with when light guide member 21 is deployed.By so deploying, come from 1st display point P1 image light GL11, GL12 passes through the 1st face after by incident equivalent face IS ' corresponding with light entrance face IS 121a twice, is projected by the 2nd face 121b once from light emergence face OS, and is incided in the eye E Y of observer, from the 2nd Show that point P2 image light GL21, GL22 after by incident equivalent face IS " corresponding with light entrance face IS, passes through the 1st face 121a tri- times, is projected, and incide in the eye E Y of observer by the 2nd face 121b twice from light emergence face OS.If changed View mode, then observer, which overlaps, observes the incident equivalent face IS ' for being located at two different positions, the projected lights of IS " nearby The lens L3 of system 12.
Fig. 6 (A) is the figure of the display surface of schematically illustrate liquid crystal display device 32, and Fig. 6 (B) is that schematically illustrate observer can The figure of the virtual image for the liquid crystal display device 32 seen, Fig. 6 (C) and (D) are the figures for illustrating to constitute the parts of images of the virtual image.In Fig. 6 (A) virtual image that the image forming area AD of the rectangle set in the liquid crystal display device 32 shown in is observed to shown in Fig. 6 (B) shows Show region AI.Be formed with the left of the AI of virtual image viewing area in the image forming area AD equivalent to liquid crystal display device 32 from The 1st projection image IM1 of the part on right side is arrived in center, and the 1st projection image IM1 turns into the part figure of the rightward deletion as shown in Fig. 6 (C) Picture.Also, be formed with the right side of the AI of virtual image viewing area in the image forming area AD equivalent to liquid crystal display device 32 from Center is to the 2nd projection image IM2 of the part in left side, the portion that the 2nd projection image IM2 is lacked as the left-half as shown in Fig. 6 (D) Partial image.The 2nd projection image IM2 shown in the 1st projection image IM1 and Fig. 6 (D) shown in Fig. 6 (C) now incides observer simultaneously Eye E Y in, and be imaged simultaneously.
Only form the part 1 region of the 1st projection image (virtual image) IM1 in the liquid crystal display device 32 shown in Fig. 6 (A) A10, such as the 1st display point P1 of the right-hand member including liquid crystal display device 32, and project the light guide section B2 conjunctions in light guide member 21 Meter carries out image light GL11, GL12 obtained by 3 total reflections.Only form the 2nd projection image (virtual image) in liquid crystal display device 32 IM2 part 2 region A20, such as the 2nd display point P2 of the left end including liquid crystal display device 32, and project in light guide section The light guide section B2 of part 21 is total to carry out image light GL21, GL22 obtained by 5 total reflections.Image light formation from region SA is such as Multiimage SI shown in Fig. 6 (B), region SA are located at the image forming area AD of liquid crystal display device 32 close central portion Position, and is clipped in the middle by the 1st and part 2 region A10, A20, and longitudinally longer extends.That is, from liquid crystal display device 32 region SA image light is overlapped to form by the 1st projection image IM1 and the 2nd projection image IM2 on the AI of virtual image viewing area, 1st projection image IM1 is that image light GL11, GL12 as obtained by light guide section B2 3 total reflections of total progress is formed, and the 2nd throws Image IM2 is that image light GL21, GL22 as obtained by light guide section B2 5 total reflections of total progress is formed.If light guide section The processing precise of part 21 simultaneously forms the accurate parallel light beam by projection optical system 12, then multiimage SI can be prevented Due to Liang Ge projection images IM1, IM2 it is overlapping formed by dislocation and ghost image.In addition, by controlling to enter liquid crystal display device 32 The illumination light SL of row illumination angular range, can adjust the width or overlapping widths for producing overlapping region SA.In this reality Apply in mode, without especially regulation illumination light SL angular range, thus there is the divergence characterization with backlight light guide section 31b etc. The region SA of corresponding width or overlapping widths.
In the above description, show that point P1 part 1 region A10 is penetrated from the right side the 1st that includes of liquid crystal display device 32 Image light GL11, GL12 gone out is added up to 3 times in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b number of times being totally reflected, from liquid crystal Image light GL21, GL22 that the part 2 region A20 for including the display point P2 of left side the 2nd of showing device 32 is projected is the 1st and the 2nd The number of times that reflecting surface 21a, 21b are totally reflected is added up to 5 times, but total reflection number of times can be changed suitably.That is, led by adjustment The total reflection number of times of image light GL11, GL12, can be set to close by the profile (i.e. thickness t, apart from D, sharp angle α, β) of light part 21 Meter 5 times, is set to total 7 times by the total reflection number of times of image light GL21, GL22.Also, in the above description, image light GL11, GL12, GL21, GL22 total reflection number of times are odd number, but if by light entrance face IS and light emergence face OS configurations in opposite side, If it is parallelogram in top view to make light guide member 21, image light GL11, GL12, GL21, GL22's is all-trans Number of times is penetrated for even number.
[E. is other]
Fig. 7 (A) is the figure for the variation for illustrating the light guide member 21 that Fig. 2 (A) etc. is shown.In the above description, in leaded light The image light propagated in part 21 is only totally reflected in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b with two angle of reflection γ 1, γ 2, but The light guide member 21 for the variation that can also be shown according to Fig. 7 (A) is such, it is allowed to the image light GL31 of 3 kinds of compositions, GL32, GL33 is with angle of reflection γ 1, the γ 2, (γ 1 of γ 3>γ2>γ 3) it is totally reflected respectively.In this case, filled from liquid crystal display The image light GL of 32 injections is put with 3 mode propagations, and the position synthesis of the eye E Y in observer is the virtual image.In such case Under, such as shown in Fig. 7 (B), formed in effective display area domain A0 left side and for example add up to projection image IM21 obtained by 3 total reflections, Formed in effective display area domain A0 close middle position and for example add up to projection image IM22 obtained by 5 total reflections, effectively shown Show that region A0 right side is formed and for example add up to projection image IM23 obtained by 7 total reflections.
Fig. 8 is to illustrate the amplification the reasons why light guide member 21 that Fig. 2 (A) etc. is shown sets the end face 21h for removing crest line Figure.The image light GL for inciding the position close to crest line 121h of light guide member 21 is reflected in the 3rd reflecting surface 21c, then Reflected, but reflected again in the 3rd reflecting surface 21c after the 1st reflecting surface 21a reflection in the 1st reflecting surface 21a.As a result, This HL of reflected light again turns into undesirable ghost image light, thus expects to remove in advance.Therefore, the end for eliminating crest line 121h is set Face 21h, is limited light path design.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing for the variation for illustrating the light guide member 21 that Fig. 2 (A) etc. is shown.In this case, in leaded light 4th reflecting surface 21d sides of part 21 set the end face 21i for eliminating crest line 121i.That is, light guide member 21 is many with 8 faces The part of face body shape profile.Implement the higher coating of such as luminance factor or mat surface processing to end face 21i, in light transparent member 23 set step corresponding with end face 21i.By setting this end face 21i, it can prevent from propagating just in light guide member 21 The image light GL of rule incides the eye E Y of observer in the 4th reflecting surface 21d reflections as unnecessary light HL more than twice In, or the unnecessary light HL such as image light via the reflection less than 3 times by light guide section B2 can be prevented in the 4th reflection The eye E Y that 21d reflections in face incide observer more than twice is medium, can prevent ghost image light from inciding the eyes of observer In.
In the virtual image display apparatus 100 of embodiments described above, in light incident section, B1 the 3rd reflecting surface 21c enters The image light GL of row reflection is totally reflected and propagated in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b of light guide section, then in light injection part B3 the 4th reflecting surface 21d reflections, and incide as the virtual image in the eye E Y of observer.Now, from image display device 11 1st image light GL11, GL12 of the 1st display point P1 injection the order of reflection of light guide section and from image display device 11 the 2nd Show that the 2nd image light GL21, GL22 that point P2 is projected is different in light guide section B2 order of reflection, it is thus possible to expand and projected from light The angular range of the injection angle for the image light GL that portion B3 is projected.That is, it can be taken into and be shown from image with relatively wide visual angle Different piece region A10, A20 of device 11 image light GL, it can be ensured that across the aobvious of the light injection part B3 virtual images observed Show size than larger.So, the different image light GL of order of reflection construction is taken out by being formed, it is not necessary to set light guide section B2 Count it is very thick can increase light injection part B3, to cover pupil, thus light injection part B3 need not be made close to pupil to carry out Pupil Segmentation, it can be ensured that larger exit pupil whose diameter, can also realize good fluoroscopic observation.
The present invention is illustrated above according to embodiment, but the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, can not taken off Implemented in a variety of ways from the range of present inventive concept, for example, can realize deformation as described below.
In the above-described embodiment, do not make the illumination light SL from lighting device 31 that especially there is directive property, but can yet Enough make illumination light SL that there is directive property corresponding with the position of liquid crystal display device 32.Thereby, it is possible to efficiently illuminate liquid crystal Showing device 32, can reduce the brightness disproportionation of the position based on image light GL.
In the above-described embodiment without the display brightness for especially adjusting liquid crystal display device 32, but also can be according to Fig. 6 (B) scope of projection image IM1, IM2 shown in or the adjustment for repeating display brightness.
In the above-described embodiment, make being set to 20% located at the reflectivity of the 4th reflecting surface 21d half specular layer 28 Depending on preferential, but also the reflectivity of half specular layer 28 can be set to more than 50% and make image light preferential.In addition, need not see Examine extraneous as in the case of, also the 4th reflecting surface 21d light reflectivity can be set to about 100%.Also, half specular layer 28 In the entire surface that the 4th reflecting surface 21d can also be not formed at, and only it is formed in the essential regions of a part.In addition, half minute surface Layer 28 can also be formed on the 3rd face 23c of light transparent member 23.
In the above-described embodiment, image display device 11 is using liquid crystal display device 32 of transmission-type etc., but image is aobvious Showing device 11 is not limited to the liquid crystal display device 32 of transmission-type, can utilize various display devices.For example, it is also possible to using reflection The liquid crystal display device of type, can also be using the substitution liquid crystal display device 32 such as digital micromirror device.Also, image display dress The self-luminous type element with LED array or OLED (organic EL) etc. for representative can also be used by putting 11.
In the virtual image display apparatus 100 of above-mentioned embodiment, take correspondence right eye and left eye both sides that one group of figure is respectively set As forming apparatus 10 and the structure of guiding device 20, but it is also possible to be configured to only set image in right eye or left eye any one party Forming apparatus 10 and guiding device 20, and monocular vision image.
In the above-described embodiment, light entrance face IS the 1st optical axis AX1 and the 2nd optical axis for passing through light emergence face OS are passed through AX2 is parallel, but can also make these optical axises AX1, AX2 not parallel.
It is illustrating for head mounted display to have carried out virtual image display apparatus 100 in the above description, but the virtual image is aobvious Showing device 100 can also be changed to top display.
In the above description, minute surface or half minute surface etc. are not implemented on the surface in the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b Processing, and guide image light total reflection using the interface with air, but the total reflection of the present invention is also included within the 1st The reflection of reflecting layer or half mirror film is formed with the entirety on the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b or a part.For example, also wrapping Following situations are included, i.e., in the case where the incident angle of image light meets total reflection condition, to the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b On entirety or a part implement reflecting layer etc. and substantially reflect the situations of all image lights.As long as also, can obtain , can also be using somewhat having radioparent minute surface, to the whole of the 1st and the 2nd reflecting surface 21a, 21b to the image light of enough brightness Body or a part carry out coating.
In the above description, light guide member 21 also can along extending laterally that eye E Y is arranged, but light guide member 21 Along Longitudinal extending.In this case, optic panel 110 is without series arrangement, but concurrently configured in parallel.
1. a kind of virtual image display apparatus, wherein, the virtual image display apparatus has：
Image display device, it forms image light；
Projection optical system, it makes the described image light incidence projected from described image display device；
Light guide member, it has light guide section, described image light incided the light incident section of the light guide section, made by the leaded light The image light of portion's guiding injects to the light injection part of outside, and the light guide member makes it possible to described by the smooth injection part observation Image light；And
Light transparent member,
The light guide section have the configuration that is parallel to each other, the 1st guide-lighting reflecting surface based on total reflection can be carried out and the 2nd reflection Face,
The smooth incident section has the 3rd reflecting surface into predetermined angular with the 1st reflecting surface,
The smooth injection part has the 4th reflecting surface into predetermined angular with the 1st reflecting surface,
Make the image light from described image display device guide-lighting in light guide member, will be corresponded to by the smooth injection part anti- Image light injects to outside formed by penetrating,
3rd reflecting surface has been applied in the coating of the total reflection for reducing light loss,
4th reflecting surface has been applied in half minute surface, and the 4th reflecting surface reduces described image light and ambient light, and makes institute State image light and the ambient light be overlapping, the light extinction rate of the ambient light is lower than the light extinction rate of described image light,
The transmission plane of the light transparent member is opposed to configured in parallel with the 4th reflecting surface,
The light of half minute surface of transmission the 4th reflecting surface in the described image light of the 4th reflecting surface is incided from institute The transmission plane for stating light transparent member incides the inside of the light transparent member, and is not projected from the light of the light guide member Project in portion.
2. a kind of virtual image display apparatus, wherein, the virtual image display apparatus has：
4th reflecting surface has been applied in half minute surface, and the 4th reflecting surface reduces described image light and ambient light, and makes institute State image light and the ambient light be overlapping, the light extinction rate of the ambient light is higher than the light extinction rate of described image light,
3. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
Ambient light is imported by pupil by the 4th reflecting surface of the light guide member and the light transparent member, thus, it is possible to carry out Depending on observation.
4. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The light guide member is made up of the 1st light guide member extended laterally arranged along eyes and the 2nd light guide member,
Two light guide members are engaged with the light transparent member, and be connected in center one, constitute covering observer at the moment Optical component.
5. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
Make the image light from described image display device with the order of reflection of different odd numbers in light guide member it is guide-lighting, pass through The smooth injection part will turn into 1 virtual image and inject to outside corresponding to multiple images formed by order of reflection are photosynthetic, and described 1 The individual virtual image reproduces the arrangement of the described image light from described image display device in the horizontal, and with overlapping widths.
6. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The exit wound of bullet width of the projection optical system on 2nd direction is less than the projection optical system on the 1st direction Exit wound of bullet width, the 1st direction is the longitudinal direction parallel with the intersection of the 1st reflecting surface and the 3rd reflecting surface, described 2 directions are transverse directions parallel with the 1st reflecting surface and vertical with the intersection of the 1st reflecting surface and the 3rd reflecting surface,
The effective dimensions of described image display device is that transverse direction is that the 2nd direction is more than i.e. described 1st direction in longitudinal direction.
7. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
It is provided with 1st direction parallel with the intersection of the 1st reflecting surface and the 3rd reflecting surface for removing ghost image light The end face eliminated after crest line.
8. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
It is provided with 1st direction parallel with the intersection of the 1st reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface for removing ghost image light The end face eliminated after crest line.
9. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
It is being longitudinally to make to form aobvious in described image on the 1st direction on the described image light from described image display device Image on showing device is upright, is being laterally to make to be formed the image reversion in described image display device on the 2nd direction, thus Two described image light is arranged while there are overlapping widths in the horizontal, reproduce and synthesize the figure from described image display device As the arrangement of light.
10. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
It is the direction parallel with such as lower section, the section to produce the closing direction that light path turns back when described guide-lighting due to reflection Include the 1st optical axis and the normal of the 3rd reflecting surface by the projection optical system.
11. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
3rd reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface all with the 1st reflecting surface shape following acute angle at 45 °.
12. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 11, wherein,
3rd reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface form equal angle with the 1st reflecting surface.
13. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 12, wherein,
2nd optical axis of the image light projected through the 1st optical axis of the projection optical system and from the smooth injection part all with institute State the normal parallel of the 1st reflecting surface.
14. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
It is block that the light guide member with the light guide section, the smooth incident section and the smooth injection part is integrally formed Part.
15. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 14, wherein,
The light guide member as side, and has the 1st reflecting surface, the 2nd reflecting surface, the 3rd reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface The upper and lower surface abutted respectively with the 1st reflecting surface, the 2nd reflecting surface, the 3rd reflecting surface and the 4th reflecting surface.
16. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The light guide member is integrally formed by injection molding.
17. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 16, wherein,
The light guide member is the molding resin material with hot polymerization mould assembly.
18. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The light guide member has been applied in hard conating in the 1st reflecting surface and the 2nd reflecting surface.
19. virtual image display apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
Half minute surface is made up of Ag films.
CN201510229455.5A 2011-02-04 2012-01-30 Virtual image display apparatus CN104777618B (en)
CN201210020850.9A CN102628989B (en) 2011-02-04 2012-01-30 Virtual image display device
CN201210020850.9A Division CN102628989B (en) 2011-02-04 2012-01-30 Virtual image display device
CN104777618A CN104777618A (en) 2015-07-15
CN104777618B true CN104777618B (en) 2017-10-13
CN201510229455.5A CN104777618B (en) 2011-02-04 2012-01-30 Virtual image display apparatus
JP5939191B2 (en) * 2013-03-29 2016-06-22 ブラザー工業株式会社 Head mounted display
JP2018141826A (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-09-13 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Image display device
CN101726857A (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-06-09 索尼株式会社 Head-mounted display apparatus
JP5256488B2 (en) * 2007-03-28 2013-08-07 コニカミノルタ株式会社 Method for manufacturing bonded optical member
2011-02-04 JP JP2011022442A patent/JP5742263B2/en active Active
2012-01-30 CN CN201510229455.5A patent/CN104777618B/en active IP Right Grant
2012-01-30 CN CN201210020850.9A patent/CN102628989B/en active IP Right Grant
2012-02-01 US US13/363,732 patent/US8564883B2/en active Active
CN102628989B (en) 2015-06-03
US20120200938A1 (en) 2012-08-09
US8564883B2 (en) 2013-10-22
CN102628989A (en) 2012-08-08
JP2012163657A (en) 2012-08-30
JP5742263B2 (en) 2015-07-01
CN104777618A (en) 2015-07-15
US20140218779A1 (en) 2014-08-07 Image display device
JP2006501499A (en) 2006-01-12 Beam light expanding method and system in display device
US20100260455A1 (en) 2010-10-14 Optical guide and ocular vision optical system