Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2015115111A1/en
Timestamp: 2019-10-17 09:25:58
Document Index: 500198888

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 111', 'art 112', 'art 113', 'art 114', 'art 111', 'art 111', 'art 112', 'art 111', 'art 113', 'art 114', 'art 114', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 112', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 114', 'art 112', 'art 113', 'art 112', 'art 113', 'art 201', 'art. 6', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 111', 'art 111', 'art 111', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 111', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'art 113', 'art 113', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'art 111', 'art 201', 'art 116', 'art 116', 'art 111', 'art 112', 'art 115', 'art 115', 'art 117', 'art 201', 'art 115', 'art 116', 'art 115', 'art 116', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'art 201', 'Application No. 2014', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'art 112', 'art 131', 'art 201', 'art 220']

WO2015115111A1 - Vehicle - Google Patents
WO2015115111A1
WO2015115111A1 PCT/JP2015/000415 JP2015000415W WO2015115111A1 WO 2015115111 A1 WO2015115111 A1 WO 2015115111A1 JP 2015000415 W JP2015000415 W JP 2015000415W WO 2015115111 A1 WO2015115111 A1 WO 2015115111A1
PCT/JP2015/000415
大輔 浅野
高野　和久
2014-01-31 Priority to JP2014017276 priority Critical
2014-01-31 Priority to JP2014-017276 priority
2015-01-30 Application filed by ヤマハ発動機株式会社 filed Critical ヤマハ発動機株式会社
2015-08-06 Publication of WO2015115111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015115111A1/en
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle having a vehicle body frame that inclines in the left-right direction with respect to the vehicle when turning to the left or right and two front wheels disposed in parallel in the left-right direction with respect to this vehicle body frame, wherein the radiator can be efficiently cooled and the front section of the vehicle can be made compact in size. This vehicle comprises: a vehicle body frame; a left front wheel and a right front wheel disposed in parallel in the left-right direction with respect to the vehicle body frame; a linking mechanism that comprises a right side rod linked to the right front wheel, a left front rod linked to the left front wheel, an upper cross member that supports the right side rod and the left side rod, and a lower cross member that supports the right side rod and the left side rod; and a heat exchanger that releases heat. With the vehicle frame in an upright state, and when seen in front view, a power unit is cooled by air passing through a range below the lower end of the lower cross member of the linking mechanism, to the left of the right front wheel, and to the right of the left front wheel, and the range also being behind the front ends of the right front wheel and the left front wheel when seen in side view.
The present invention relates to a vehicle body frame that tilts in the left-right direction of the vehicle when turning left and right and two front wheels that are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the body frame.
2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle including a vehicle body frame that tilts in the left-right direction of the vehicle when turning left and right and two front wheels arranged side by side in the vehicle body frame is known (for example, Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1). reference). This type of vehicle is a vehicle that can turn with the body frame tilted with respect to the vertical direction. More specifically, the body frame tilts to the right of the vehicle when turning right, and leans to the left of the vehicle when turning left.
The vehicles described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 include a link mechanism. The link mechanism includes an upper cross member and a lower cross member. The link mechanism also includes a right side rod that supports the right end portions of the upper cross member and the lower cross member, and a left side rod that supports the left end portions of the upper cross member and the lower cross member. An intermediate portion between the upper cross member and the lower cross member is supported by the vehicle body frame. The upper cross member and the lower cross member are supported by the vehicle body frame so as to be rotatable about an axis extending substantially in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame. In conjunction with the inclination of the body frame, the upper cross member and the lower cross member rotate with respect to the body frame, and the relative positions of the left front wheel and the right front wheel in the vertical direction of the body frame change. The upper cross member and the lower cross member are provided above the left front wheel and the right front wheel in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame when the vehicle body frame is upright.
US Design Patent D547,242S Publication
Catalogo parti di ricambio, MP3 300 ie LT Mod. ZAPM64102, Piaggio, pp.54,81,111
In the vehicle described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1, the upper cross member and the lower cross member of the link mechanism are provided above the left front wheel and the right front wheel in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame when the vehicle body frame is upright. Therefore, it is compact in the left-right direction of the body frame.
The vehicle described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 includes an engine and a radiator that dissipates heat generated by combustion of the engine as an engine unit. In the vehicle described in Patent Document 1, the ventilation opening is provided on the front surface of the front cover that covers the front of the link mechanism. The radiator is arranged inside the front cover. The vehicle described in Patent Document 1 takes in air flowing from the front to the rear of the vehicle during traveling from the ventilation opening of the front cover, and is guided to the radiator. As a result, the engine unit is cooled. In the case of a vehicle having a tiltable body frame and two front wheels arranged side by side in the left and right direction of the body frame, the front cover tends to be enlarged to accommodate a link mechanism that links the two front wheels. is there. By disposing the radiator in such a front cover while avoiding interference with the link mechanism, the front cover is increased in size, and thus the vehicle is increased in size.
An object of the present invention is to efficiently cool a power unit in a vehicle including a body frame that tilts in the left-right direction of the vehicle when turning left and right, and two front wheels arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the body frame, And it is providing the vehicle which can miniaturize the front part of a vehicle.
A vehicle according to one aspect of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as a vehicle according to aspect 1)
A right front wheel and a left front wheel arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the body frame;
A right front wheel support device having an upper part and a lower part supporting the right front wheel;
A left front wheel support device having an upper part and a lower part supporting the left front wheel;
A right side rod that rotatably supports the upper part of the right front wheel support device about a right axis extending in the vertical direction of the body frame, and an upper part of the left front wheel support device can be rotated about a left axis parallel to the right axis. A left side rod supported on the upper side, and an upper part of the right side rod is rotatably supported on a right end part, an upper part of the left side rod is rotatably supported on a left end part, and an intermediate part is provided on the body frame. An upper cross member that is supported so as to be rotatable about an upper axis extending in the front-rear direction, a lower portion of the right side rod is rotatably supported at a right end portion, and a lower portion of the left side rod is rotatably supported at a left end portion. A link mechanism that includes a lower cross member that is rotatably supported by the vehicle body frame about a lower axis parallel to the upper axis,
A power unit for generating the driving force of the rear wheels;
The power unit is
When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, when viewed from the front, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is below the lower end of the vehicle body frame in the vertical direction, to the left in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame from the right front wheel, and to the left Cooled by the air that has passed through the above-mentioned range behind the front end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in a rightward range in the left-right direction of the body frame from the front wheels. Take the configuration.
The link mechanism supports the right side rod, the left side rod, and the upper part of the right side rod rotatably at the right end, and supports the upper part of the left side rod rotatably at the left end. An upper cross member that is rotatably supported around an upper axis extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame, and a lower portion of the right side rod is rotatably supported at the right end portion, and a lower portion of the left side rod is rotatable at the left end portion. And a lower cross member supported by the vehicle body frame so as to be rotatable about a lower axis parallel to the upper axis. The right side rod supports an upper part of a right front wheel support device having an upper part and a lower part supporting the right front wheel so as to be rotatable around a right axis extending in the vertical direction of the body frame. The left side rod supports an upper part of a left front wheel support device having an upper part and a lower part supporting the left front wheel so as to be rotatable around a left axis parallel to the right axis. Therefore, the upper cross member and the lower cross member of the link mechanism are provided above the left front wheel and the right front wheel in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame in the upright state of the vehicle body frame. Therefore, the vehicle of aspect 1 is compact in the left-right direction of the body frame.
The inventor of the present application examined whether the power unit can be efficiently cooled while suppressing an increase in size of a compact vehicle by arranging the link mechanism.
The inventor of the present application provides that the vehicle body frame is configured such that the upper cross member and the lower cross member of the link mechanism are provided above the left front wheel and the right front wheel in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame in the upright state of the vehicle body frame. In the upright state, the front end of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in a side view when viewed from the front, below the lower end of the lower cross member of the link mechanism, to the left of the right front wheel, and to the right of the left front wheel. I noticed that there was a space in the rear. Therefore, attention was paid to the fact that an air flow from the front to the rear is formed in this space when the vehicle travels. As a result, the power unit is in a range from the lower side of the lower cross member of the link mechanism, to the left of the right front wheel, and to the right of the left front wheel when viewed from the front when the body frame is upright. The air is cooled by the air that has passed through the area behind the front ends of the right front wheel and the left front wheel. Thereby, a power unit can be cooled efficiently and the front part of a vehicle can be reduced in size.
Therefore, according to the aspect 1, in the vehicle including the body frame that can lean, the left front wheel, and the right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be downsized.
Further, the present invention may adopt the following aspects.
The vehicle according to aspect 2 is the vehicle according to aspect 1,
A heat exchanger that dissipates heat;
Piping for sending the fluid cooled by the heat exchanger to the power unit;
The vehicle body frame is disposed rearward from a rear end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in a plan view in an upright state,
At least a part of the vehicle body frame is arranged behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in plan view with the body frame standing upright.
The power unit and the heat exchanger are connected by piping that sends the fluid cooled by the heat exchanger to the power unit. Therefore, when the heat exchanger is arranged in front of the link mechanism, air can be guided to the heat exchanger without being blocked by the link mechanism, and heat can be efficiently radiated by the heat exchanger. However, a pipe connecting the power unit and the heat exchanger is passed to the power unit while avoiding the movable range of the link mechanism that is rotatably supported by the body frame. Therefore, the front part of the vehicle is further increased in size. However, according to the vehicle according to aspect 2, the power unit is disposed behind the rear end of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in a plan view with the body frame standing upright. At least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed behind the rear end of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in a plan view with the body frame standing upright. Therefore, when the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, the heat exchanger is in a range from the lower side of the lower cross member of the link mechanism, to the left of the right front wheel, and to the right of the left front wheel. Thus, the pipe that sends the fluid cooled by the heat exchanger to the power unit while efficiently cooling with the air that has passed through the range behind the front end of the right front wheel and the left front wheel is a link mechanism that is movable relative to the body frame. There is no need to pass nearby. Therefore, even if a heat exchanger that dissipates heat is disposed, the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
Therefore, according to the aspect 2, in the vehicle including the body frame that can be tilted, the left front wheel, and the right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be downsized.
The vehicle according to aspect 3 is the vehicle according to aspect 2,
At least a portion of the lower body member of the link mechanism is lower than the lower end of the body frame in the vertical direction, and between the right front wheel and the left front wheel, when viewed from the front when the body frame is upright. Arranged,
An area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame is larger than an area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame and an area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the body frame. A configuration is adopted in which heat is dissipated by passing air from the front surface toward the rear surface.
According to the vehicle of aspect 3, at least a part of the heat exchanger is lower than the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame of the lower cross member of the lower link member in the front view when the body frame is in the upright state, and the right front wheel. The front area when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame is the front area when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame and the front surface when viewed in the up-down direction of the body frame The heat is dissipated by passing the air from the front side to the rear side. For this reason, even if it arrange | positions a heat exchanger in a vehicle, a vehicle front part can be reduced in size. Furthermore, the air that has passed from the front to the rear in the front-rear direction of the body frame between the right front wheel and the left front wheel during traveling of the vehicle can be guided to the heat exchanger. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger can be obtained. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 4 is the vehicle according to aspect 2,
An air inlet for a passage for guiding air to the heat exchanger;
At least a part of the air introduction port is behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in a plan view when the body frame is in an upright state, and the body frame is in an upright state When viewed from the front, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame, leftward in the left-right direction of the body frame from the right front wheel, and left and right of the body frame from the left front wheel. Located to the right of the direction,
The heat exchanger is configured to be disposed behind the air introduction port in the front-rear direction of the body frame in the front-rear direction of the body frame.
According to the vehicle according to the aspect 4, the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size by the arrangement of the air introduction port and the heat exchanger arranged behind the air introduction port. Further, the air that has passed between the right front wheel and the left front wheel during traveling of the vehicle is rearward from the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in plan view with the body frame standing upright, and the vehicle body When viewed from the front when the frame is in an upright state, it is below the lower end of the body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in the vertical direction, to the left in the left-right direction of the body frame from the right front wheel, and from the left front wheel to the body frame. The air can be guided to the heat exchanger through the air inlet located in the rightward range in the left-right direction. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger can be obtained. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 5 is the vehicle according to any one of aspects 2 to 4,
In front view of the vehicle body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the link mechanism covers at least a part of the vehicle body frame in the front-rear direction and at least one of the lower edges positioned in front of the vehicle body frame in the front-rear direction. A front cover portion positioned above a lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame of the link mechanism,
In the front view of the body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed below the lower edge of the front cover portion in the vertical direction of the body frame.
According to the vehicle according to the fifth aspect, at least a part of the lower edge of the front cover portion positioned in front of the link mechanism in the front-rear direction of the body frame is positioned above the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame of the link mechanism. . Therefore, the front part of the vehicle can be reduced in size. Furthermore, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed below the vehicle body frame in the vertical direction at the lower edge of the front cover portion in a front view when the vehicle body frame is upright. Therefore, in a front view when the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, air that has passed under the compact front cover portion and between the right front wheel and the left front wheel when the vehicle is traveling can be guided to the heat exchanger. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger can be obtained. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 6 is the vehicle according to any one of aspects 2 to 5,
In the front view of the vehicle body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed below the upper end in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel.
While the vehicle is running, when the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, when viewed from the front, the vehicle body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism is below the lower end of the vehicle body frame in the vertical direction. Air flow from the front to the front of the body frame from the front to the rear in the front and rear direction of the front and rear direction of the body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in the rightward range in the left and right direction of the body frame. Arise. Further, the air flows between the bottom surface of the vehicle and the ground from the front to the rear in the front-rear direction of the body frame. For this reason, an air flow having a high flow velocity occurs between the bottom surface of the vehicle and the ground. Therefore, a negative pressure is generated below the vehicle by the flow of air having a high flow velocity generated below the vehicle. In the vehicle according to the sixth aspect, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed below the upper end in the vertical direction of the body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in a front view with the body frame standing upright. Since the heat exchanger is disposed at a low position near the bottom surface of the vehicle, it is easier to form a flow of air that passes through the heat exchanger. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger can be obtained. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 7 is the vehicle according to any one of aspects 2 to 6,
In the front view of the vehicle body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed above the upper end in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel.
When traveling in a puddle, water, mud, etc. splashed by each front wheel will splash between the right front wheel and the left front wheel. According to the vehicle according to aspect 7, since at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed above the upper end in the vertical direction of the body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel, the influence of splashing of water and mud is reduced. be able to. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 8 is the vehicle according to any one of aspects 2 to 7,
The vehicle body frame is positioned in the upright state, in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame from the link mechanism, and in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame from the seating surface on which the driver sits,
An inclined portion that is inclined so that a rear portion is positioned below the front portion in the vertical direction of the body frame;
The heat exchanger has a configuration in which the inclined portion of the body frame is disposed in front of the body frame in the front-rear direction.
According to the vehicle according to the aspect 8, it is possible to realize the arrangement of the heat exchanger that can obtain high cooling efficiency without causing the heat exchanger to interfere with the vehicle body frame. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 9 is the vehicle according to any one of aspects 2 to 8,
In the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame, the heat exchanger is arranged in front of the power unit in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame.
According to the vehicle according to the ninth aspect, the air that has passed between the right front wheel and the left front wheel during traveling of the vehicle can be guided to the heat exchanger without being blocked by the power unit. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger can be reliably obtained. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 10 is the vehicle according to any one of aspects 2 to 9,
The said heat exchanger takes the structure which is a radiator, an oil cooler, or an intercooler.
According to the vehicle according to the tenth aspect, high cooling efficiency of the radiator, the oil cooler, or the intercooler can be obtained while reducing the size of the front portion of the vehicle. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
The vehicle according to aspect 11 is the vehicle according to aspect 1,
The power unit has an engine,
The engine is, when viewed from the front when the body frame is in an upright state, below a lower end of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in the vertical direction of the body frame, to the left in the left-right direction of the body frame from the right front wheel, And the air passing through the above-mentioned range behind the left front wheel in the left-right direction of the body frame in the right-left direction of the body frame and in the side view from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel. Take the configuration, arranged to hit.
According to the vehicle according to aspect 11, the air that has passed between the right front wheel and the left front wheel can be applied to the engine. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable vehicle body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the engine can be efficiently cooled and the front portion of the vehicle can be downsized.
The vehicle according to aspect 12 is the vehicle according to aspect 11,
When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, when viewed from the front, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is below the lower end of the vehicle body frame in the vertical direction, to the left in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame from the right front wheel, and to the left It is arranged to the right of the left and right direction of the body frame from the front wheel,
In a side view, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame and ahead of the front end of the rear wheel in the front-rear direction of the body frame.
According to the vehicle according to the aspect 12, the air that has passed between the right front wheel and the left front wheel can be applied to the power unit. Therefore, in a vehicle provided with a leanable body frame, a left front wheel, and a right front wheel, the power unit can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle can be reduced in size.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle in which a power unit can be efficiently cooled and a front portion of the vehicle can be downsized in a vehicle including a body frame that can tilt and a left front wheel and a right front wheel.
The perspective view which shows the vehicle of Embodiment 1 of this invention. The front view which shows the front part of the vehicle of Embodiment 1. The top view which shows the structure which removed the handle from the vehicle of Embodiment 1. Side view showing the front of the vehicle 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 showing the configuration of the leg shield part. Sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5 showing the configuration of the leg shield part Front view showing link mechanism and surrounding condition when vehicle is tilted Plan view showing the link mechanism and its surroundings when the direction of the handle is changed The front view which shows the modification 1 of arrangement | positioning of a radiator The front view which shows the modification 2 of arrangement | positioning of a radiator The front view which shows arrangement | positioning of a radiator in the vehicle of Embodiment 2 of this invention. The top view which shows the structure which removed the exterior and the handle from the vehicle of Embodiment 2. The side view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between a vehicle body frame and a radiator in the vehicle of Embodiment 2. The front view which shows arrangement | positioning of a radiator in the vehicle of Embodiment 3 of this invention. The top view which shows the structure which removed the exterior and the handle | steering-wheel from the vehicle of Embodiment 3. The side view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between a vehicle body frame and a radiator in the vehicle of Embodiment 3.
<Definition of direction>
Hereinafter, the arrow F in the figure indicates the forward direction of the vehicle 100, and the arrow B indicates the backward direction of the vehicle 100. Arrow U indicates the upward direction of vehicle 100, and arrow D indicates the downward direction of vehicle 100. An arrow R indicates the right direction of the vehicle 100, and an arrow L indicates the left direction of the vehicle 100. The vehicle 100 turns with the body frame 110 tilted in the left-right direction of the vehicle 100 with respect to the vertical. Therefore, a direction based on the body frame 110 is determined separately from the direction of the vehicle 100. In the figure, an arrow FF indicates a forward direction based on the vehicle body frame 110, and an arrow FB indicates a backward direction based on the vehicle body frame 110. An arrow FU indicates an upward direction based on the body frame 110, and an arrow FD indicates a downward direction based on the body frame 110. An arrow FR indicates a right direction with respect to the body frame 110, and an arrow FL indicates a left direction with respect to the body frame 110. In the specification, the front-rear direction of the vehicle 100, the up-down direction of the vehicle 100, and the left-right direction of the vehicle 100 are front-rear, left-right, up-down directions as viewed from the occupant driving the vehicle 100. It is. In the specification, the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, the up-down direction of the body frame 110, and the left-right direction of the body frame 110 are the front-rear, left-right, up-down directions as viewed from the occupant driving the vehicle 100 The direction is based on 110. The center in the vehicle width direction means the center of the vehicle width in the left-right direction of the vehicle 100. In other words, the center of the vehicle 100 in the left-right direction. In the specification, an upright state is a state in which the vertical direction of the body frame 110 coincides with the vertical direction, and the handle 160 is not steered. The state in which the handle 160 is not steered indicates a state in which the rotation axes of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are orthogonal to the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 in plan view. The state in which the handle 160 is not steered is, in other words, a state in which the steering shaft 161 is not rotated or a state in which the handle 160 is not rotated. In the upright state, the direction of the vehicle 100 and the direction of the body frame 110 coincide. Note that when the vehicle body frame 110 is turned with the vehicle body frame 110 tilted in the left-right direction with respect to the vertical direction, the left-right direction of the vehicle 100 does not coincide with the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110. Further, the vertical direction of the vehicle 100 and the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 do not match. However, the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 100 and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body frame 110 coincide.
Further, in this specification, the axis extending in the front-rear direction does not only indicate an axis parallel to the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, but is inclined within a range of ± 45 ° with respect to the front-rear direction of the body frame 110. Including the axis. The axis extending in the direction closer to the front-rear direction than the left-right direction and the up-down direction is included in the axis extending in the front-rear direction. Similarly, the axis extending in the vertical direction includes an axis that is inclined within a range of ± 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction of the body frame 110. The axis extending in the front-rear direction and the direction closer to the up-down direction than the left-right direction is included in the axis extending in the up-down direction. The axis extending in the left-right direction includes an axis inclined at a range of ± 45 ° with respect to the left-right direction of the body frame 110. The axis extending in the direction closer to the left-right direction than the front-rear direction and the up-down direction is included in the axis extending in the left-right direction.
Further, in the present specification, when the phrase “extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame” is used, the extending direction only needs to include a component in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame, and in an oblique front-rear direction inclined vertically and horizontally. An extending aspect is also included.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a front portion of the vehicle according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating a configuration in which a handle is removed from the vehicle according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the front portion of the vehicle. 2 to 4, the vehicle body covers (201a, 201b, 201c, 201d, 201e) and the seat 180 are indicated by broken lines. In FIG. 4, the left front wheel 131 </ b> L and the right front wheel 131 </ b> R when the vehicle 100 is tilted in the left-right direction are indicated by two-dot chain lines.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle 100 of the present embodiment includes a left front wheel 131L and a right front wheel 131R, one rear wheel 134, a link mechanism 140, a handle 160, a seat 180, a vehicle body cover ( 201a, 201b, 201c, 201d, 201e). Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vehicle 100 includes a body frame 110, a power unit 170, and a radiator 220. The radiator 220 includes a left radiator 220L and a right radiator 220R.
The body frame 110 holds each component of the vehicle 100. The vehicle body frame 110 includes a link support part 111, a down frame part 112, an under frame part 113, and a rear frame part 114 (see FIG. 3).
The link support part 111 is arranged at the front part of the vehicle 100. The link support part 111 supports the link mechanism 140. Although not particularly limited, the present embodiment employs a configuration in which the link support portion 111 also serves as a head pipe. The link support portion 111 as a head pipe is disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction so that the upper portion from the lower portion is located behind the vehicle body frame 110 in the front-rear direction in the vehicle side view. A link support 111 as a head pipe supports the handle 160 and the steering shaft 161. A steering shaft 161 is rotatably inserted into the link support 111 serving as a head pipe. The steering shaft 161 is rotatable about a central axis extending in the vertical direction of the vehicle 100.
The down frame part 112 extends downward from the link support part 111 in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 and is connected to the under frame part 113.
The underframe portion 113 includes a left underframe portion 113a, a right underframe portion 113b, and a horizontal underframe portion 113d (see FIG. 3).
The under frame portion 113 is disposed below the body frame 110 of the floor portion 201d of the vehicle 100 in the vertical direction and in front of the seat 180 in plan view. The underframe portion 113 supports the floor portion 201d. The left underframe portion 113a is connected to the left rear frame portion 114, and the right underframe portion 113b is connected to the right rear frame portion 114.
The rear frame part 114 is disposed on the left and right of the vehicle 100. The left rear frame portion 114 extends from the rear end of the left underframe portion 113a toward the rear portion of the vehicle 100. The right rear frame portion 114 extends from the rear end of the right under frame portion 113b toward the rear portion of the vehicle 100. The rear frame portion 114 supports the seat 180 and the power unit 170. The power unit 170 may be supported by the rear frame part 114 so as to be slidable via a swing arm.
The power unit 170 generates a driving force for the rear wheel 134. The power unit 170 includes an engine, a crankcase portion that houses a crankshaft, and a transmission case portion that houses a transmission. In the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, the power unit 170 is disposed rearward in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 from the left front wheel 131L, the right front wheel 131R, the link mechanism 140, and the floor portion 201d.
The power unit 170 may not include the engine and the crankcase unit, and may include a drive source such as an electric motor and a transmission.
The vehicle body cover includes a front cover part 201a, a pair of left and right front fenders 201b, a leg shield part 201c, a floor part 201d, and a rear cover part 201e.
The front cover part 201a covers the front in the front-rear direction of at least a part of the body frame 110 of the link mechanism 140. The front cover portion 201a is a portion of the vehicle body cover excluding the front fender 201b that is disposed in front of the vehicle body frame 110 in the front-rear direction from the front end of the link mechanism 140. The front cover portion 201a covers the front of the body frame 110 of the upper cross member 141 of the link mechanism 140 in the front-rear direction, and covers the front of the body frame 110 of at least a part of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. Yes.
The leg shield part 201c covers the rear side in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the link mechanism 140 and the rear side in the front-rear direction of at least some of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. The leg shield part 201c covers the down frame part 112, the left radiator 220L, and the right radiator 220R. The leg shield part 201c is connected to the floor part 201d.
The floor portion 201d has a floor surface on which a driver sitting on the seat 180 places his / her foot. The floor surface is the front of the vehicle body frame 110 of the seat 180 in the front and rear direction of the seat 180 in the plan view, the rear of the leg shield portion 201c in the front and rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110, and the side front view. It is arranged at a position lower than the upper end. The horizontal width of the floor portion 201d is not particularly limited, but is approximately the same as the width from the left end of the left front wheel 131L to the right end of the right front wheel 131R.
The rear cover part 201e covers the periphery of the rear frame part 114.
The seat 180 has a seating surface 181 on which the driver sits.
The left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the body frame 110. The left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are inclined in the left-right direction together with the vehicle body frame 110.
The rear wheel 134 is supported by a swing arm that can swing with respect to the vehicle body frame 110. The swing arm may be supported by the vehicle body frame 110. Alternatively, when the power unit 170 is fixed to the vehicle body frame 110, the swing arm may be supported by the power unit 170. Further, the swing arm is connected to the rear frame portion 114 via a suspension. As the suspension extends, the swing arm swings relative to the rear frame portion 114. The rear wheel 134 is inclined in the left-right direction together with the vehicle body frame 110.
<Radiator>
The radiator 220 circulates the coolant between the power unit 170 via the pipes 222L and 222R (see FIG. 3). The power unit 170 has a water jacket through which the coolant passes. The power unit 170 is cooled by flowing a coolant through the water jacket. The radiator 220 exchanges heat between the air and the coolant by allowing air to pass from the front surface toward the rear surface. The radiator 220 supplies the cooling liquid cooled by air to the power unit 170. The left pipe 222L is supported by, for example, the down frame part 112 and the left under frame part 113a and passes to the power unit 170.
More specifically, the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are connected by a pipe 222C (see FIG. 3), and the coolant is circulated between the power unit 170 through the pipes 222L, 222R, and 222C. . The right pipe 222R is supported by, for example, the down frame part 112 and the right under frame part 113b and passes to the power unit 170. The left radiator 220L exchanges heat between the air and the coolant by allowing air to pass from the front surface toward the rear surface. The right radiator 220R exchanges heat between the air and the coolant by allowing air to pass from the front surface toward the rear surface.
Note that the radiator 220 may be changed to an oil cooler that circulates the oil of the power unit 170 and cools the oil by heat exchange with air. The radiator 220 may be changed to an intercooler that cools the compressed intake air of the engine by heat exchange with air and supplies the compressed air to the power unit 170 via the pipes 222L and 222R.
The radiator 220 is disposed inside the leg shield part 201c. The left radiator 220L is disposed on the left side of the body frame 110 of the down frame portion 112 in the left-right direction, and the right radiator 220R is disposed on the right side of the body frame 110 of the down frame portion 112 in the left-right direction.
The radiator 220 is fixed to the vehicle body frame 110. The left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are fixed to the down frame portion 112 via brackets.
The radiator 220 is disposed so that the front surface is perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the body frame 110. The front surfaces of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the body frame 110.
The radiator 220 may be arranged such that the front area when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is larger than the front area when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110. Furthermore, the left radiator 220 </ b> L may be arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is larger than the area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the body frame 110.
Specifically, the left radiator 220L is arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is larger than the area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110. Good. Furthermore, the left radiator 220 </ b> L may be arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is larger than the area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the body frame 110.
Further, the right radiator 220R may be arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is larger than the area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110. Further, the right radiator 220 </ b> R may be arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is larger than the area of the front surface when viewed in the up-down direction of the body frame 110.
Here, the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110 means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated in a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction when light parallel to the front-rear direction is applied. The area of the front surface of the vehicle body frame 110 when viewed in the left-right direction means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction when light parallel to the left-right direction is applied. The area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction when light parallel to the vertical direction is applied. The area of the front surface means the area of the front surface when a single radiator arranged in the same manner as in a vehicle is viewed. For example, when the radiator 220 is hidden by the cover, it means the area of the front surface of the radiator alone with the cover removed.
The radiator 220 may be provided with a fan that generates a negative pressure on the rear surface of the radiator 220. In this case, the rear surface of the radiator 220 is the one to which the fan is attached.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is disposed behind the rear end of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110. Specifically, in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. In the present embodiment, the rear end of the lower cross member 142 is the rear end of the rear lower cross member 142b.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, at the front view of the body frame 110 in an upright state, at least a part of the radiator 220 is below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140, and It is arranged between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. Specifically, a part of the left radiator 220L is disposed below the lower end of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 and between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. . A part of the right radiator 220R is disposed below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 and between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. The body frame 110 is in the upright state when the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are not steered. The state in which the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are not steered means a state in which the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R face a direction parallel to the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 in plan view.
Further, when viewed from the front of the vehicle body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is disposed below the lower edge (indicated by a thick broken line in FIG. 2) of the vehicle body frame 110 of the front cover portion 201a. Specifically, in the front view of the vehicle body frame 110, the lower portion of the left radiator 220L and the lower portion of the right radiator 220R are the lower edges in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the front cover portion 201a (shown by thick broken lines in FIG. 2). ) Below.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 showing the configuration of the leg shield part. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 5 showing the configuration of the leg shield part.
The leg shield part 201c includes a front wall 241, a rear wall 246, a side wall 247, a separation wall 245, an air inlet 242 (shown by a broken line in FIG. 2), and air outlets 243 and 244. A plurality of air inlets 242 are provided. A plurality of air outlets 243 and 244 are provided. One air inlet 242 may be provided. Further, the air outlets 243 and 244 may be one.
The air inlet 242 is provided in the front wall 241 of the leg shield part 201c. The air inlet 242 is provided in front of the left and right radiators 220L and 220R in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110.
The separation wall 245 separates the space in the leg shield part 201c into a space C that communicates with the front surface of the radiator 220 and another space H that communicates with the rear surface of the radiator 220. Specifically, the separation wall 245 separates the space in the leg shield portion 201c into a space C that communicates with the front surface of the left radiator 220L and another space H that communicates with the rear surface of the left radiator 220L. The separation wall 245 separates the space in the leg shield portion 201c into a space C that communicates with the front surface of the right radiator 220R and another space H that communicates with the rear surface of the right radiator 220R. The space C communicating with the left radiator 220L and the space C communicating with the right radiator 220L may be in communication with each other or may be separated from each other. Further, the space H communicating with the left radiator 220L and the space H communicating with the right radiator 220L may be in communication with each other or may be separated from each other. The air in the space C passes through the radiator 220 and flows into the space H from the front surface to the rear surface of the radiator 220.
The air outlet 243 is provided on the side wall 247 of the leg shield part 201c and communicates with a space H in which air that has passed through the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R flows. The air outlet 244 is provided on the bottom wall 248 of the leg shield part 201c or the bottom wall 187 of the floor part 201d, and communicates with a space H through which air that has passed through the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R flows.
With such a configuration, the vehicle 100 passes with less resistance when the vehicle 100 travels between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R and below the lower end of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 in the vertical direction. The passed air passes through the radiator 220 via the air inlet 242 of the leg shield part 201c. That is, the air that has passed when the vehicle 100 is traveling passes through the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R. Furthermore, the air that has passed is discharged from the air outlets 243 and 244 of the leg shield part 201c to the outside of the leg shield part 201c.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing the link mechanism and the surrounding state when the vehicle is tilted.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the link mechanism 140 has a parallel four-bar link system (also called a parallelogram link).
The link mechanism 140 is supported by the link support part 111 of the vehicle body frame 110. The link mechanism 140 includes an upper cross member 141, a lower cross member 142, a left side rod 143, and a right side rod 144 as a configuration for performing the tilting operation of the vehicle 100. The link mechanism 140 is disposed above the vehicle body frame 110 of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R with the vehicle body frame 110 standing upright. The link mechanism 140 is disposed above the vehicle body frame 110 in the vertical direction of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in a front view when the vehicle body frame 110 is in an upright state. The link mechanism 140 is disposed above the vehicle body frame 110 in the vertical direction of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in a side view when the vehicle body frame 110 is in an upright state. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the distance between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in order to arrange the link mechanism 140, and the vehicle body frame 110 can be downsized in the left-right direction.
The upper cross member 141, the lower cross member 142, the left side rod 143, and the right side rod 144 of the link mechanism 140 are vertically below the vehicle body frame 110 from the handle 160, and the upper and lower sides of the vehicle body frame 110 of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. It is arranged above the upper end of the direction. In addition, the upper cross member 141, the lower cross member 142, the left side rod 143, and the right side rod 144 of the link mechanism 140 are disposed behind the center of rotation of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110. ing.
The middle part of the upper cross member 141 is supported by the link support part 111. The upper cross member 141 is supported so as to be rotatable around an upper axis A (see FIG. 4) extending in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110. Specifically, the upper axis A is parallel to the FF-FU plane and is inclined within 45 ° in the direction of the arrow FU with respect to the arrow FF.
The left end of the upper cross member 141 is supported by the left side rod 143. The upper cross member 141 is rotatable with respect to the left side rod 143 around an upper left axis AL parallel to the upper axis A. The right end portion of the upper cross member 141 is supported by the right side rod 144. The upper cross member 141 is rotatable with respect to the right side rod 144 around an upper right axis AR parallel to the upper axis A.
The middle part of the lower cross member 142 is supported by the link support part 111. The lower cross member 142 is supported rotatably around a lower axis C (see FIG. 4) parallel to the upper axis A. The lower cross member 142 is disposed below the upper cross member 141 in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110. The lower cross member 142 has substantially the same length in the vehicle width direction as the upper cross member 141 and is arranged in parallel with the upper cross member 141.
The left end of the lower cross member 142 is supported by the left side rod 143. The lower cross member 142 is rotatable with respect to the left side rod 143 around a lower left axis CL parallel to the lower axis C. The right end of the lower cross member 142 is supported by the right side rod 144. The lower cross member 142 is rotatable with respect to the right side rod 144 around a lower right axis CR parallel to the lower axis C.
Although not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 includes portions that are positioned in front of the body frame 110 of the link support portion 111, the left side rod 143, and the right side rod 144 in the front-rear direction. It has a front lower cross member 142a, and a rear lower cross member 142b having a portion of the link support portion 111, the left side rod 143, and the right side rod 144 positioned at the rear in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110 (see FIG. 3 and FIG. 3). (See FIG. 4).
The left side rod 143 is disposed on the left side of the vehicle body frame 110 of the link support portion 111 in the left-right direction, and extends in parallel with the direction in which the link support portion 111 extends. The left side rod 143 is disposed above the body frame 110 of the left front wheel 131L in the vertical direction. The left side rod 143 supports a left shock absorber 150L, which will be described later, so as to be rotatable about the left axis Y1. The left shock absorber 150L corresponds to an example of a left front wheel support device of the present invention.
The right side rod 144 is disposed on the right side of the body frame 110 of the link support 111 in the left-right direction, and extends in parallel with the direction in which the link support 111 extends. The right side rod 144 is disposed above the vehicle body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R in the vertical direction. The right side rod 144 supports a right shock absorber 150R described later so as to be rotatable about the right axis Y2. The right shock absorber 150R corresponds to an example of a right front wheel support device of the present invention.
As described above, the upper cross member 141, the lower cross member 142, the left side rod 143, and the right side rod 144 maintain the posture in which the upper cross member 141 and the lower cross member 142 are parallel to each other, The right side rod 144 is supported so as to maintain a mutually parallel posture.
As shown in FIG. 7, when the vehicle 100 tilts in the left-right direction (RL direction), the link mechanism 140 tilts the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. Further, the link mechanism 140 relatively increases the heights of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 (directions of arrows FU and FD) in accordance with the inclination of the body frame 110 in the left-right direction. Change.
As shown in FIG. 7, when the vehicle body frame 110 is tilted to the left in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110, the left portion of the link mechanism 140 is above the front cover portion 201a in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 (arrows). Displacement in the direction of FU). Further, the right portion of the link mechanism 140 is displaced downward in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 (in the direction of the arrow FD) with respect to the front cover portion 201a. On the other hand, when the body frame 110 is tilted rightward in the left-right direction of the body frame 110, the right part of the link mechanism 140 is above the front cover part 201a in the up-down direction of the body frame 110 (in the direction of the arrow FU). Displace. Further, the left portion of the link mechanism 140 is displaced downward (in the direction of the arrow FD) in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 with respect to the front cover portion 201a. Thus, the link mechanism 140 is displaced relative to the front cover portion 201a and the link support portion 111 within a predetermined movable range.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the link mechanism and its peripheral state when the direction of the handle is changed.
A steering mechanism is provided between the handle 160 and the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. The steering mechanism includes a steering shaft 161, a central steering arm 162, a tie rod 165, a left steering arm 163, a right steering arm 164, a left shock absorber 150L, and a right shock absorber 150R.
The left shock absorber 150L includes a left shock absorber 151, a left bracket 146, and a left rotation prevention mechanism 152. The left shock absorber 150L is supported by the left side rod 143 and tilted together with the left side rod 143.
The left shock absorber 151 attenuates vibrations from the road surface by, for example, a telescopic structure. The upper end of the left shock absorber 151 is fixed to the left bracket 146. The lower end of the left shock absorber supports the left front wheel 131L. Thus, the left shock absorber 151 buffers the displacement of the left front wheel 131L in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 with respect to the upper portion of the left shock absorber 151. In addition, the expansion / contraction direction of the left shock absorber 151 may have an inclination with respect to the vertical direction of the body frame 110. In this case, the left front wheel 131L is also displaced in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 with respect to the upper portion of the left shock absorber 151. In this case, the left shock absorber 151 also buffers the displacement of the left front wheel 131L in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction.
The left rotation prevention mechanism 152 is arranged in parallel with the left shock absorber 151. The left rotation prevention mechanism 152 has a telescopic structure. The upper end of the left rotation prevention mechanism 152 is fixed to the left bracket 146. The lower end of the left rotation prevention mechanism 152 supports the left front wheel 131L.
The left shock absorber 151 and the left anti-rotation mechanism 152 support the left front wheel 131L, so that the direction of the left bracket 146 and the direction of the left front wheel 131L do not change relative to each other. Are related.
The right shock absorber 150R includes a right shock absorber 153, a right bracket 147, and a right rotation prevention mechanism 154. The right shock absorber 150R is supported by the right side rod 144 and tilts together with the right side rod 144.
The right shock absorber 153 attenuates vibration from the road surface by, for example, a telescopic structure. The upper end of the right shock absorber 153 is fixed to the right bracket 147. The lower end of the right shock absorber 153 supports the right front wheel 131R. As a result, the right shock absorber 153 buffers the displacement of the right front wheel 131R in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 with respect to the upper portion of the right shock absorber 153. Note that the expansion / contraction direction of the right shock absorber 153 may have an inclination with respect to the vertical direction of the body frame 110. In this case, the right front wheel 131R is also displaced in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction of the body frame 110 with respect to the upper portion of the right shock absorber 153. In this case, the right shock absorber 153 also buffers the displacement of the right front wheel 131R in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction.
The right rotation prevention mechanism 154 is disposed in parallel with the right shock absorber 153. The right rotation prevention mechanism 154 has a telescopic structure. The upper end of the right rotation prevention mechanism 154 is fixed to the right bracket 147. The lower end of the right rotation prevention mechanism 154 supports the right front wheel 131R.
The right shock absorber 153 and the right rotation prevention mechanism 154 support the right front wheel 131R, so that the direction of the right bracket 147 and the direction of the right front wheel 131R do not change relative to each other. Are related.
The central steering arm 162 and the tie rod 165 are disposed above the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110. One end of the central steering arm 162 is fixed to the steering shaft 161 and rotates together with the steering shaft 161. The other end of the central steering arm 162 is supported by a tie rod 165. The central steering arm 162 transmits the rotation of the steering shaft 161 to the tie rod 165.
The left steering arm 163 is fixed to the left bracket 146.
The right steering arm 164 is fixed to the right bracket 147.
The tie rod 165 supports the central steering arm 162, the left steering arm 163, and the right steering arm 164, respectively, and transmits the rotation of the central steering arm 162 to the left steering arm 163 and the right steering arm 164.
7, when the steering wheel 160 is operated and the steering shaft 161 and the central steering arm 162 are rotated, the left bracket 146 and the right bracket 147 rotate at the same angle as shown in FIG. 7. As a result, the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are steered in the same direction T.
As described above, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, when viewed from the front when the vehicle 100 is in the upright state, the vehicle body is lower than the lower end of the body frame 110 of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 and from the right front wheel 131R. The left side in the left-right direction of the frame 110 and the right side in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 from the left front wheel 131L, and are rearward from the front end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L in a side view. The power unit 170 can be cooled by the air that has passed through the range when the vehicle 100 is traveling.
Further, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, the link mechanism 140 rotatably supports the right side rod 144, the left side rod 143, and the upper portion of the right side rod 144 at the right end, An upper part is supported at the left end part rotatably, and an intermediate part is supported by the body frame 110 so as to be rotatable about an upper axis extending in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, and a lower part of the right side rod 144 is placed at the right end. A lower cross member that is rotatably supported by the vehicle body, a lower portion of the left side rod 143 is rotatably supported by the left end portion, and an intermediate portion is rotatably supported by the vehicle body frame 110 about a lower axis parallel to the upper axis. 142. The right side rod 144 supports an upper part of a right front wheel support device having an upper part and a lower part supporting the right front wheel 131R so as to be rotatable about a right axis extending in the vertical direction of the body frame 110. The left side rod 143 supports an upper part of a left front wheel support device having an upper part and a lower part supporting the left front wheel 131L so as to be rotatable around a left axis parallel to the right axis. Therefore, the upper cross member 141 and the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 are provided above the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 in the upright state of the vehicle body frame 110. Therefore, the vehicle of aspect 1 is compact in the left-right direction of the body frame 110.
In addition, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, the power unit 170 has the right front wheel below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 when viewed from the front when the body frame 110 is upright. The front left and right sides of the body frame 110 from 131R and the right side of the body frame 110 from the left front wheel 131L to the right in the left and right direction, and the front and rear of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L in a side view. It was configured to be cooled by air that passed through a range behind the front end in the direction. Thereby, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
Therefore, in a vehicle including the body frame 110 that can lean, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be downsized.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is a body frame of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 in a plan view when the body frame 110 is upright. 110 is arranged behind the rear end in the front-rear direction. Therefore, the forefront portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, when the vehicle 100 is viewed from the front, at least a part of the radiator 220 is below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 and to the right It is arranged between the front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L. Further, when the radiator 220 is viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, the front area when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110, and when viewed in the up-down direction of the body frame 110, It arrange | positions so that it may become larger than the area of a front surface. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 220 can be obtained.
Further, according to the vehicle 100, at least a part of the air introduction port 242 of the passage that guides air to the radiator 220 in the front view of the vehicle 100 is the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. It is arranged further downward and between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L. Therefore, the air that has passed between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L with less resistance when the vehicle 100 is traveling can be passed through the radiator 220. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 220 can be obtained.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, when the vehicle body frame 110 is in an upright front view, at least a part of the radiator 220 has the vehicle body frame 110 at the lower edge in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the front cover portion 201a. It is arranged below in the vertical direction. Therefore, air that has passed between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L without traveling from the front cover portion 201a when the vehicle 100 is traveling can be passed through the radiator 220. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 220 can be obtained.
Therefore, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled in the vehicle 100 including the body frame 110 that can lean, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, the vehicle body frame 110 is in an upright state while the vehicle 100 is traveling, and is lower than the lower end in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 when viewed from the front. The vehicle body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L in a lateral view from the right front wheel 131R to the left in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 and from the left front wheel 131L in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110. In the range behind the front end in the front-rear direction, air flows from the front to the rear in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110. Further, the air flows between the bottom surface of the vehicle 100 and the ground from the front in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 to the rear. Therefore, an air flow having a high flow velocity is generated between the bottom surface of vehicle 100 and the ground. Therefore, a negative pressure is generated in the vertical direction of the vehicle 100 due to the flow of air having a high flow velocity generated in the vertical direction of the vehicle 100. In the vehicle 100, at least a part of the radiator 220 is disposed below the upper end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131 </ b> R and the left front wheel 131 </ b> L when the body frame 110 is viewed from the front. Since the radiator 220 is disposed at a low position close to the bottom surface of the vehicle 100, it is easier to form a flow of air that passes through the radiator 220. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 220 can be obtained. Therefore, in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, the air that has passed between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L can be passed through the radiator 220 without being blocked by the power unit 170. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 220 can be reliably obtained. Therefore, in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 220, the oil cooler, or the intercooler can be obtained while downsizing the front portion of the vehicle. Therefore, in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, the air that has passed between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L can be applied to the engine. Therefore, in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the engine can be efficiently cooled and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be downsized.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100 of the first embodiment, the air that has passed between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L can be applied to the engine. Therefore, in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled, and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a first modification of the arrangement of the radiators.
In the vehicle 100A of the first modification, the arrangement of the radiator 220 is higher than the arrangement of the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). The left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are higher than the arrangement of the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). The arrangement of the plurality of air inlets 242 provided in the leg shield part 201c is also high in accordance with the radiator 220 (the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R). Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
In the first modification, the lower end of the radiator 220 is disposed higher than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R (the line segment H1 in FIG. 9) when the vehicle 100A is viewed from the front. In the front view of the vehicle 100A, the lower end of the left radiator 220L and the lower end of the right radiator 220R are disposed higher than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R.
As in the first embodiment, the radiator 220 according to the first modification includes a left radiator 220L and a right radiator 220R. The radiator 220 is disposed inside the leg shield part 201c. The left radiator 220L is disposed on the left side of the body frame 110 of the down frame portion 112 in the left-right direction, and the right radiator 220R is disposed on the right side of the body frame 110 of the down frame portion 112 in the left-right direction. The radiator 220 is fixed to the vehicle body frame 110. The left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are fixed to the down frame portion 112 via brackets.
Also, the radiator 220 exchanges heat between the air and the coolant by allowing air to pass from the front to the rear. The radiator 220 of the first modification is also arranged in the same direction as in the first embodiment.
In the first modification, as in the first embodiment, in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. Is arranged. When viewed from the front when the body frame 110 is in an upright state, at least a part of the radiator 220 is below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 and between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R Is arranged. The body frame 110 is in the upright state when the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are not steered. Furthermore, at the front view of the vehicle body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is disposed below a lower edge (indicated by a thick broken line in FIG. 9) of the front cover portion 201a in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110.
As described above, according to the vehicle 100A of the first modification, first, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are exhibited.
By the way, in the vehicle 100A having the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R, when traveling in a puddle, water, mud, etc. splashed by the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R jump between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L. . However, according to the vehicle 100A of the first modification, the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are disposed above the upper end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L. The influence of mud splashing can be reduced.
In FIG. 9, the lower ends of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are higher than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. However, a part of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R or one part of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R may be higher than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. . According to this configuration, the characteristic effect of Modification 1 is achieved in that the influence of splashing of water and mud can be reduced in the portion higher than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a second modification of the arrangement of the radiators.
In the vehicle 100B of the second modification, the arrangement of the radiator 220 is lower than the arrangement of the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). The arrangement of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R is higher than that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). The arrangement of the plurality of air inlets 242 provided in the leg shield part 201c is also high in accordance with the radiator 220 (the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R). Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
In Modification 2, the upper end of the radiator 220 is disposed lower than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R (line H1 in FIG. 10) when the vehicle 100B is viewed from the front. In the front view of the vehicle 100B, the upper ends of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are disposed lower than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R (the line segment H1 in FIG. 10).
The radiator 220 of the second modification includes a left radiator 220L and a right radiator 220R as in the first embodiment. The radiator 220 is disposed inside the leg shield part 201c. The left radiator 220L is disposed on the left side of the body frame 110 of the down frame portion 112 in the left-right direction, and the right radiator 220R is disposed on the right side of the body frame 110 of the down frame portion 112 in the left-right direction. The radiator 220 is fixed to the vehicle body frame 110. The left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are fixed to the down frame portion 112 via brackets.
Also, the radiator 220 exchanges heat between the air and the coolant by allowing air to pass from the front to the rear. The radiator 220 of the modification 2 is also arranged in the same direction as in the first embodiment.
Further, in the second modification, as in the first embodiment, in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. Is arranged. When viewed from the front when the body frame 110 is in an upright state, at least a part of the radiator 220 is below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 and between the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R Is arranged. The body frame 110 is in the upright state when the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are not steered. Furthermore, at the front view of the vehicle body frame 110, at least a part of the radiator 220 is disposed below a lower edge (indicated by a thick broken line in FIG. 10) in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the front cover portion 201a.
As described above, according to the vehicle 100B of the second modification, first, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are exhibited.
Incidentally, a high-speed air flow is generated between the bottom of the vehicle 100B and the ground while the vehicle 100B is traveling. Thus, a negative pressure is generated in the lower part of the vehicle 100B, in which ambient air is attracted by high-speed air. According to the vehicle 100B of the second modification, the radiator 220 is disposed near the bottom of the vehicle 100B. For this reason, air can be drawn smoothly by the negative pressure of the lower part of vehicle 100B, and air can be smoothly flowed from the front surface of radiator 220 to the rear surface. Therefore, higher cooling efficiency of the radiator 220 can be obtained.
In FIG. 10, the upper ends of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R are lower than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. However, it is only necessary that a part of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R or one part of the left radiator 220L and the right radiator 220R be lower than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. With this configuration, a characteristic effect of Modification 2 is obtained in which air is drawn by the negative pressure at the lower part of the vehicle 100B at a portion lower than the upper ends of the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R, and higher cooling efficiency can be obtained. The
FIG. 11 is a front view showing the arrangement of radiators in the vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating a configuration in which an exterior (a vehicle body cover, a seat, and the like) and a handle are removed from the vehicle according to the second embodiment. FIG. 13 is a side view showing the positional relationship between the body frame and the radiator in the vehicle of the second embodiment. In FIG. 13, the left front wheel 131 </ b> L and the right front wheel 131 </ b> R when the vehicle 100 </ b> C is tilted in the left-right direction are indicated by two-dot chain lines.
The vehicle 100C of the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in the body frame 110C (see FIG. 12), the radiator 320, and the fixing structure of the radiator 320. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same configurations as those in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The body frame 110C of the second embodiment includes a link support part 111, a lower left down frame part 112CL, a lower right down frame part 112CR, a left under frame part 113CL, a right under frame part 113CR, and left and right rear frame parts. 114, an upper left down frame portion 115L, an upper right down frame portion 115R, a left intermediate frame portion 116L, a right intermediate frame portion 116R, a left front vertical frame portion 117L, and a right front vertical frame portion 117R. The left rear vertical frame portion 118L and the right rear vertical frame portion 118R.
One end of the lower left down frame part 112CL and one end of the lower right down frame part 112CR are coupled to each other and connected to the link support part 111. The lower left down frame portion 112CL and the lower right down frame portion 112CR are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the body frame 110C. The lower left down frame portion 112CL extends from the link support portion 111 to the left portion of the floor portion 201d of the vehicle 100C. The lower right down frame portion 112CR extends from the link support portion 111 to the right portion of the floor portion 201d of the vehicle 100C.
One end of each of the upper left down frame portion 115L and the upper right down frame portion 115R is coupled to each other and connected to the link support portion 111. The upper left down frame portion 115L and the upper right down frame portion 115R are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the body frame 110C. The upper left down frame portion 115L extends from the link support portion 111 to the lower side in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110C and to the left in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body frame 110C. The upper right down frame portion 115R extends from the link support portion 111 to the lower side in the vertical direction of the body frame 110C and to the right in the left and right direction of the body frame 110C.
The left under frame portion 113CL extends from the lower end of the lower left down frame portion 112CL to the left rear frame portion 114. The right under frame portion 113CR extends from the lower end of the lower right down frame portion 112CR to the right rear frame portion 114.
The left intermediate frame portion 116L extends from the lower end of the upper left down frame portion 115L to the left rear frame portion 114. The right intermediate frame portion 116R extends from the lower end of the upper right down frame portion 115R to the right rear frame portion 114.
The left front vertical frame portion 117L and the left rear vertical frame portion 118L are installed between the left under frame portion 113CL and the left intermediate frame portion 116L, and the left under frame portion 113CL and the left intermediate frame portion 116L are connected to each other. Connect.
The right front vertical frame portion 117R and the right rear vertical frame portion 118R are installed between the right under frame portion 113CR and the right intermediate frame portion 116R, and the right under frame portion 113CR and the right intermediate frame portion 116R are connected to each other. Connect.
The vehicle 100C according to the second embodiment includes a radiator 320. The vehicle 100C according to the second embodiment includes one radiator 320. The radiator 320 is arrange | positioned inside the leg shield part 201c. The radiator 320 is disposed between the lower left down frame portion 112CL and the lower right down frame portion 112CR. The radiator 320 is supported by the vehicle body frame 110D. The radiator 320 is fixed to the lower left down frame portion 112CL and the lower right down frame portion 112CR via a bracket.
The radiator 320 exchanges heat between the air and the coolant by passing air from the front to the rear. The radiator 320 is arranged such that the front surface area when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110C is larger than the front surface area when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110C. Further, the radiator 320 is arranged such that the front surface area when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110C is larger than the front surface area when viewed in the vertical direction of the body frame 110C.
Here, the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110C means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated in a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction when light parallel to the front-rear direction is applied. The area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110C means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction when light parallel to the left-right direction is applied. The area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the body frame 110C means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction when light parallel to the vertical direction is applied. The area of the front surface means the area of the front surface when a single radiator arranged in the same manner as in a vehicle is viewed. For example, when the radiator 320 is hidden by the cover, it means the area of the front surface of the radiator alone with the cover removed.
The fan that generates negative pressure on the rear surface of the radiator 320 may be attached to the radiator 320. In this case, the rear surface of the radiator 320 has a fan attached thereto.
In the front-rear direction of the body frame 110C, at least a part of the radiator 320 is disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110C of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. Further, when viewed from the front when the body frame 110C is in an upright state, at least a part of the radiator 320 is below the lower end of the body frame 110C of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 in the vertical direction, and the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. It is arranged between. The body frame 110C is in an upright state when the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are not steered.
The radiator 320 circulates the coolant between the power unit 170 through the pipes 322L and 322R. The pipes 322L and 322R are supported by the body frame 110C. The left pipe 322L extends from the radiator 320 to the power unit 170 along the left underframe portion 113CL. The right pipe 322R extends from the radiator 320 to the power unit 170 along the right underframe portion 113CR. The left pipe 322L may be fixed so as to extend from the radiator 320 to the power unit 170 along other frame parts such as the left intermediate frame part 116L. The right pipe 322R may be fixed so as to extend from the radiator 320 to the power unit 170 along other frame parts such as the right intermediate frame part 116R. The left pipe 322L and the right pipe 322R may not be arranged symmetrically. Further, the two pipes may be arranged along the left part of the body frame 110C. Two pipes may be arranged along the right part of the body frame 110C.
As described above, according to the vehicle 100C of the second embodiment, a space without a frame portion is obtained in the central region in the left-right direction of the leg shield portion 201c by the above-described frame configuration. Therefore, it becomes easy to arrange and fix the radiator 320 in this space.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100C, between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L and below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140, with less resistance when the vehicle 100C is traveling. The passed air can be passed through the radiator 320. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 320 can be obtained.
Therefore, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled in the vehicle 100C including the body frame 110C that can lean, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R.
FIG. 14 is a front view showing the arrangement of radiators in the vehicle according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating a configuration in which an exterior (a vehicle body cover, a seat, and the like) and a handle are removed from the vehicle according to the third embodiment. FIG. 16 is a side view showing the positional relationship between the body frame and the radiator in the vehicle of the third embodiment. In FIG. 16, the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R when the vehicle 100D is tilted in the left-right direction are indicated by two-dot chain lines.
The vehicle 100D of the third embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in the body frame 110D (see FIG. 15), the radiator 420, and the fixing structure of the radiator 420. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same configurations as those in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The vehicle body frame 110D of the third embodiment includes a link support part 111, a lower down frame part 112D (see FIG. 16), an upper left down frame part 115DL, an upper right down frame part 115DR, and a left vertical frame part 117DL. A right vertical frame portion 117DR, a left intermediate frame portion 116DL, a right intermediate frame portion 116DR, and left and right rear frame portions 114.
The lower down frame portion 112D has one base portion 112Da extending in the up-down direction, and a left lower portion 112DbL and a right lower portion 112DbR that are bifurcated. The upper end of the base portion 112Da is connected to the link support portion 111. The base 112Da extends in the vertical direction of the body frame 110D. One end of the lower left portion 112DbL is connected to the lower end of the base portion 112Da, and extends downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110D and leftward in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body frame 110D. One end of the lower right portion 112DbR is connected to the lower end of the base portion 112Da, and extends downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110D and to the right in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body frame 110D. The lower left portion 112DbL and the lower right portion 112DbR are rearward of the vehicle body frame 110D from the link mechanism 140 in the front-rear direction and from the seating surface 181 of the seat 180 on which the driver is seated to the front of the vehicle body frame 110D. This corresponds to an inclined portion inclined so as to be positioned below the vehicle body frame 110D in the vertical direction. The inclined portion may be composed of a plurality of frame portions such as the lower left portion 112DbL and the lower right portion 112DbR, or may be composed of a single frame portion.
One end of the upper left down frame portion 115DL and one end of the upper right down frame portion 115DR are coupled to each other and connected to the link support portion 111. The upper left down frame portion 115DL and the upper right down frame portion 115DR are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110D. The upper left down frame portion 115DL extends from the link support portion 111 to the lower side in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110D and to the left in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body frame 110D. The upper right down frame portion 115DR extends from the link support portion 111 downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110D and rightward in the horizontal direction of the vehicle body frame 110D.
The left intermediate frame portion 116DL extends from the lower end of the upper left down frame portion 115DL to the left rear frame portion 114. The right intermediate frame portion 116DR extends from the lower end of the upper right down frame portion 115DR to the right rear frame portion 114.
The left vertical frame portion 117DL is installed between the rear end of the lower left portion 112DbL of the lower down frame portion 112D and the rear end of the upper left down frame portion 115DL. The right vertical frame portion 117DR is constructed between the rear end of the lower right portion 112DbR of the lower down frame portion 112D and the rear end of the upper right down frame portion 115DR.
The vehicle 100D of the third embodiment has a radiator 420. The vehicle 100D according to the third embodiment includes one radiator 420. The radiator 420 is disposed inside the leg shield part 201c. The radiator 420 is disposed in front of the vehicle body frame 110D in the lower left portion 112DbL and the lower right portion 112DbR of the lower down frame portion 112D. The radiator 420 is supported by the vehicle body frame 110D. The radiator 420 is fixed to the lower left portion 112DbL and the lower right portion 112DbR via a bracket 421 (see FIG. 16).
In the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D, the radiator 420 radiates heat by flowing air from the front to the rear. The radiator 420 is arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D is larger than the area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110D. Furthermore, the radiator 420 is arranged such that the front area when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D is larger than the front area when viewed in the up-down direction of the body frame 110D.
Here, the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110D means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction when light parallel to the front-rear direction is applied. The area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110D means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction when light parallel to the left-right direction is applied. The area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110D means the area of the shadow of the front surface generated on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction when light parallel to the vertical direction is applied. The area of the front surface means the area of the front surface when a single radiator arranged in the same manner as in a vehicle is viewed. For example, when the radiator 420 is hidden by the cover, it means the area of the front surface of the radiator alone with the cover removed.
The fan that generates negative pressure on the rear surface of the radiator 420 may be attached to the radiator 420. In this case, the rear surface of the radiator 420 is the one to which the fan is attached.
In the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D, at least a part of the radiator 420 is disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. Further, when viewed from the front when the body frame 110D is in an upright state, at least a part of the radiator 420 is below the lower end of the body frame 110D of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 in the vertical direction, and the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R. It is arranged between. The body frame 110D is in an upright state when the left front wheel 131L and the right front wheel 131R are not steered.
The radiator 420 circulates the coolant between the power unit 170 through the pipes 422L and 422R. The pipes 422L and 422R are supported by the vehicle body frame 110D. The left pipe 422L extends from the radiator 420 to the power unit 170 along the lower left portion 112DbL of the lower down frame portion 112D. The right pipe 422R extends from the radiator 420 to the power unit 170 along the lower right portion 112DbR of the lower down frame portion 112D. The left pipe 422L may be fixed so as to extend from the radiator 420 to the power unit 170 along other frame parts such as the upper left down frame part 115DL and the left intermediate frame part 116DL. The right pipe 422R may be fixed so as to extend from the radiator 420 to the power unit 170 along other frame parts such as the upper right down frame part 115DR and the right intermediate frame part 116DR. The left pipe 422L and the right pipe 422R need not be arranged symmetrically. Further, the two pipes may be arranged along the left part of the body frame 110D. Two pipes may be arranged along the right part of the body frame 110D.
As described above, according to the vehicle 100D of the third embodiment, due to the above-described frame configuration, the vehicle body frame 110D is located at the front of the vehicle body frame 110D of the leg shield part 201c in the front-rear direction and at a position lower than the lower end of the link mechanism 140. There is an inclined portion whose rear portion is located below the front portion in the vertical direction of the body frame 110D. Therefore, a space is obtained in front of the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D at the inclined portion. Specifically, a space is obtained in the front in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110D of the lower left portion 112DbL and the lower right portion 112DbR of the lower down frame portion 112D. Therefore, it becomes easy to arrange and fix the radiator 420 in this space. With this arrangement, the forefront portion of the vehicle 100D can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100D of the third embodiment, it is possible to realize the arrangement of the radiator 420 that can obtain high cooling efficiency without causing the radiator 420 to interfere with the vehicle body frame 110D. Therefore, in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110D, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled and the front portion of the vehicle 100 can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, according to the vehicle 100D of the third embodiment, the vehicle 100D travels between the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L and below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110D of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140. Air that has sometimes passed with less resistance can pass through the radiator 420. Therefore, high cooling efficiency of the radiator 420 can be obtained.
Therefore, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled in the vehicle 100D including the body frame 110 that can lean, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R.
In the above-described embodiment, the radiators 220L, 220R, 320, and 420 that perform heat exchange between the coolant and air have been described as an example of the heat exchanger. However, the heat exchanger may be an oil cooler that circulates oil of the power unit 170 and cools the oil by heat exchange with air. The heat exchanger may be an intercooler that cools the compressed intake air of the engine by heat exchange with air and supplies the compressed air to the power unit 170 via a pipe. In addition, the heat exchanger may be configured to exchange heat between the air and the fluid and send the cooled fluid to the power unit 170.
In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the power unit 170 is cooled using a heat exchanger has been described as an example. However, according to the present invention, the power unit is lower than the lower end of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in the upright direction and the left side of the body frame 110 left and right of the right front wheel when the body frame is upright. In addition, it is cooled by the air that has passed through the range behind the left front wheel in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 in the left-right direction and in the side view from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel and the left front wheel. Any configuration can be used. Therefore, for example, in the vehicle of the present invention, the right front wheel is positioned below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member 142 of the link mechanism 140 when viewed from the front when the body frame 110 is upright on the engine of the power unit 170. The front left and right sides of the body frame 110 from 131R and the right side of the body frame 110 from the left front wheel 131L to the right in the left and right direction, and the front and rear of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R and the left front wheel 131L in a side view. You may employ | adopt the structure which hits the air which passed the range behind the direction front end, and cools the power unit 170 without using a heat exchanger. In this case, the engine may be an air-cooled engine. With this configuration, the power unit 170 can be efficiently cooled in the vehicle 100 provided with the leanable vehicle body frame 110, the left front wheel 131L, and the right front wheel 131R.
Further, for example, the present invention provides a heat exchanger disposed above the lower end in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in a front view when the vehicle body frame is upright. , In the front view, below the lower end of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in the vertical direction, to the left in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 from the right front wheel, and to the right in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 from the left front wheel. It may be configured to be cooled by air that has passed through a range behind the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in a side view. In that case, when the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, the front of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism is lower than the lower end of the vehicle body frame 110, the left side in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 from the right front wheel, and the left front wheel. When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, air that has passed through a rearward range from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in the right and left direction of the vehicle body frame 110 in a side view. In front view, it is preferable to provide a passage and a wind guide cover that lead to a heat exchanger disposed above the lower end of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in the vertical direction. Further, for example, the present invention is arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 from the right front wheel and the left-hand side of the vehicle body frame 110 from the left front wheel in the front view when the vehicle body frame is upright. When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, the heat exchanger is lower than the lower end in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism, leftward in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 from the right front wheel, and left It is configured to be cooled by the air that has passed through the rearward range from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in the right and left direction of the body frame 110 from the front wheel in a side view. Also good. In that case, when the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, the front of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism is lower than the lower end of the vehicle body frame 110, the left side in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame 110 from the right front wheel, and the left front wheel. When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, air that has passed through a rearward range from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in the right and left direction of the vehicle body frame 110 in a side view. In front view, a passage and a wind guide cover are provided that lead to a heat exchanger that is disposed to the right in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 from the right front wheel and to the left in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 from the left front wheel. It is preferable.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, radiator 220L, 220R, 320, 420 is arrange | positioned inside the leg shield part 201c, and the structure which provided the some air inlet 242 in the front wall 241 of the leg shield part 201c is made into an example. explained. However, the radiators 220L, 220R, 320, and 420 may be configured to be exposed to the outside of the vehicle without being covered by the cover. Further, the radiators 220L, 220R, 320, and 420 are not covered by the vehicle body cover, but are disposed at the rear of the body frame 110 of the radiator cover in the front-rear direction and at the front of the vehicle body frame 110 of the vehicle body cover. May be.
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the radiators 220L, 220R, 320, and 420 have been described by taking as an example a configuration in which the plurality of air inlets 242 are disposed immediately behind the vehicle body frame 110 in the front-rear direction. However, a configuration may be adopted in which the radiator is disposed separately from the air inlet 242 and a passage for guiding air from the air inlet 242 to the front surface of the radiator is formed. In this case, the radiator may be arranged so that the air flowing through the passage passes through the radiator. If this condition is satisfied, the radiator may be arranged such that the area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 is smaller than the area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame 110. Further, the front surface area of the vehicle body frame 110 when viewed in the front-rear direction may be arranged to be smaller than the front surface area of the vehicle body frame 110 when viewed in the vertical direction. The passage only needs to be able to guide air to the front surface of the radiator, and may be configured in any manner. For example, it may be constituted by a vehicle body cover, a duct member separate from the vehicle body cover, or may be formed using a vehicle body frame.
In the above embodiment, the vehicle 100, 100A to 100D having the floor portion 201d and the leg shield portion 201c in front of the body frame 110 of the seat 180 in a plan view has been described as an example. However, the vehicle according to the present invention may be of a type that does not include the floor portion 201d and the leg shield portion 201c.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the left shock absorber 151 is disposed rightward in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 of the left front wheel 131L in the left-right direction of the body frame 110, and the right shock absorber 153 is disposed on the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R. The configuration arranged on the left side in the left-right direction has been described as an example. However, the left shock absorber 151 may be disposed on the left side of the left front wheel 131L, and the right shock absorber 153 may be disposed on the left side of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R in the left-right direction. When the left shock absorber 151 is disposed to the right in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 of the left front wheel 131L and the right shock absorber 153 is disposed to the left of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel 131R in the left-right direction, the vehicle 100 In the front view, at least a part of the radiator and the air introduction port may be disposed between the left shock absorber 151 and the right shock absorber 153.
In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the link support portion 111 also serves as a head pipe has been described as an example, but a configuration having a head pipe separately from the link support portion 111 may be employed.
In the above embodiment, the power unit 170 has been described as having an engine and a crankcase part. However, the power unit of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the power unit 170 may include a battery and an electric motor supplied with electric power from the battery without including the engine and the crankcase unit. In this case, when the vehicle body frame is in an upright state when the battery or the electric motor is in an upright state, the front of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism is lower than the lower end of the vehicle body frame 110, the left side of the vehicle body frame 110 left and right of the right front wheel, Further, it is cooled by the air that has passed through the rearward range from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in the lateral direction of the body frame 110 from the left front wheel. Any configuration may be used.
In the above embodiment, it has been described that the power unit 170 is supported by the rear frame portion 114 of the body frame so as to be swingable via the swing arm. However, the power unit of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the power unit may be fixed to the body frame. In this case, the power unit is, when viewed from the front when the body frame is in an upright state, below the lower end in the vertical direction of the body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism, leftward in the left-right direction of the body frame 110 from the right front wheel, In addition, the vehicle body frame 110 is disposed to the right of the vehicle body frame 110 from the left front wheel, and is rearward from the rear end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110 of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in side view and from the front end of the rear wheel. 110 may be disposed in front of the front-rear direction.
In the above embodiment, the vehicle has one or two radiators, and at least a part of the radiators is a plan view in which the body frame is upright, and the lower cross member of the link mechanism is The configuration in which the vehicle body frame 110 is disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction has been described. However, the radiator according to the present invention includes a plurality of radiators, and at least one of the plurality of radiators may be included in the present invention, and some of the plurality of radiators may not be included in the present invention. Also good. Further, all of the plurality of radiators may be included in the present invention.
In addition, the link mechanism according to the present invention includes a front upper cross member having a portion in which the upper cross member is disposed in front of the body frame 110 of the link support portion 111 in the front-rear direction, and the body frame 110 of the link support portion 111. And a rear upper cross member having a portion disposed rearward in the front-rear direction. Further, the lower cross member may be only the front lower cross member or only the rear lower cross member. The link mechanism according to the present invention need only include an upper cross member and a lower cross member, and includes one or more cross members arranged between the upper cross member and the lower cross member in the vertical direction of the body frame. You may have.
In the above embodiment, the link mechanism 140 is at least partially covered from the front in the front-rear direction of the body frame 110 by the front cover portion 201a of the body cover. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the present invention, the vehicle body cover that covers the link mechanism from the front in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame 110 may not be provided. The link mechanism has a member such as a headlight disposed in front of the vehicle body frame 110 in the front-rear direction, and at least a part of the link mechanism of the vehicle body frame 110 is provided by a front cover portion disposed around the member. You may be covered from the front of the front-back direction.
The present invention can be embodied in many different forms. This disclosure should be regarded as providing embodiments of the principles of the invention. Many illustrated embodiments are described herein with the understanding that these embodiments are not intended to limit the invention to the preferred embodiments described and / or illustrated herein. .
Several illustrated embodiments of the invention have been described herein. The present invention is not limited to the various preferred embodiments described herein. The present invention includes all embodiments including equivalent elements, modifications, deletions, combinations (eg, combinations of features across various embodiments), improvements, and / or changes that may be recognized by those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. Include. Claim limitations should be construed broadly based on the terms used in the claims and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein or in the process of this application. Such an embodiment should be construed as non-exclusive. For example, in this disclosure, the terms “preferably” and “good” are non-exclusive, and “preferably but not limited to” or “good but not limited thereto” "Means.
The disclosure of the specification, drawings, and abstract included in the Japanese application of Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-017276 filed on January 31, 2014 is incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention is useful for a vehicle including a left front wheel, a right front wheel, and a link mechanism.
100, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D Car body 110, 110C, 110D Car body frame 111 Link support part 112 Down frame part 112CL Lower left down frame part 112CR Lower right down frame part 112DbL Lower left part 112DbR Right lower part 131L Left front wheel 131R Right front wheel 134 Rear wheel 140 Link mechanism 141 Upper cross member 142 Lower cross member 143 Left side rod 144 Right side rod 150L Left shock absorber 150R Right shock absorber 151 Left shock absorber 152 Left rotation prevention mechanism 153 Right shock absorber 154 Right rotation prevention mechanism 170 Power unit 201a Front cover part 201c Leg shield part 220L, 220R, 320, 420 Radiator 222 Piping 242 Air inlet 243,244 Air outlet
When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, when viewed from the front, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is below the lower end of the vehicle body frame in the vertical direction, to the left in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame from the right front wheel, and to the left Cooled by the air that has passed through the above-mentioned range behind the front end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel in a rightward range in the left-right direction of the body frame from the front wheels. ,
At least a part is disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body frame of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in a plan view when the vehicle body frame is upright.
An area of the front surface when viewed in the front-rear direction of the body frame is larger than an area of the front surface when viewed in the left-right direction of the body frame and an area of the front surface when viewed in the vertical direction of the body frame. Dissipating heat by passing air from the front to the rear
The vehicle according to claim 2.
The heat exchanger is disposed behind the air introduction port in the front-rear direction of the body frame in the front-rear direction of the body frame,
In a front view of the body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed below the body frame on the lower edge of the front cover portion in the vertical direction.
The vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 4.
In front view of the vehicle body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed below the upper end in the vertical direction of the vehicle body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel.
The vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 5.
In front view of the body frame in an upright state, at least a part of the heat exchanger is disposed above the upper end in the vertical direction of the body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel.
The vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 6.
The vehicle body frame is positioned in the upright state with the vehicle body frame standing rearward of the vehicle body frame in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, and forward of the vehicle body frame in the front-rear direction of the seating surface on which the driver sits. An inclined portion inclined so as to be positioned below the vertical direction of the body frame from the portion,
The heat exchanger is disposed in front of the body frame in the front-rear direction of the inclined portion of the body frame.
The vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 7.
In the front-rear direction of the body frame, the heat exchanger is disposed in front of the power unit in the front-rear direction of the body frame.
The vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 8.
The heat exchanger is a radiator, an oil cooler, or an intercooler.
The vehicle according to any one of claims 2 to 9.
The engine is, when viewed from the front when the body frame is in an upright state, below a lower end of the lower cross member of the link mechanism in the vertical direction of the body frame, to the left in the left-right direction of the body frame from the right front wheel, And the air passing through the above-mentioned range behind the left front wheel in the left-right direction of the body frame in the right-left direction of the body frame and in the side view from the front end in the front-rear direction of the body frame of the right front wheel and the left front wheel. Arranged to hit,
When the vehicle body frame is in an upright state, when viewed from the front, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is below the lower end of the vehicle body frame in the vertical direction, to the left in the left-right direction of the vehicle body frame from the right front wheel, and to the left It is arranged to the right of the left and right direction of the body frame from the front wheel
In a side view, the lower cross member of the link mechanism is disposed behind the rear end in the front-rear direction of the body frame and forward of the front end of the rear wheel in the front-rear direction of the body frame,
The vehicle according to claim 11.
PCT/JP2015/000415 2014-01-31 2015-01-30 Vehicle WO2015115111A1 (en)
JP2014017276 2014-01-31
JP2014-017276 2014-01-31
MX2015017940A MX2015017940A (en) 2014-01-31 2015-01-30 Vehicle.
JP2015000415A JPWO2015115111A1 (en) 2014-01-31 2015-01-30 vehicle
EP15742879.8A EP2982588B1 (en) 2014-01-31 2015-01-30 Vehicle
WO2015115111A1 true WO2015115111A1 (en) 2015-08-06
ID=53756690
PCT/JP2015/000415 WO2015115111A1 (en) 2014-01-31 2015-01-30 Vehicle
EP (1) EP2982588B1 (en)
JP (1) JPWO2015115111A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2015017940A (en)
TW (1) TWI576270B (en)
WO (1) WO2015115111A1 (en)
IT201600071697A1 (en) * 2016-07-08 2018-01-08 Piaggio & C Spa Front axle of the motor vehicle and its tilting motorcycle
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JP2008162358A (en) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd Reservoir tank arrangement structure in motorcycle
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2015-01-30 MX MX2015017940A patent/MX2015017940A/en unknown
2015-01-30 TW TW104103364A patent/TWI576270B/en active
2015-01-30 JP JP2015000415A patent/JPWO2015115111A1/en active Granted
2015-01-30 EP EP15742879.8A patent/EP2982588B1/en active Active
2015-01-30 WO PCT/JP2015/000415 patent/WO2015115111A1/en active Application Filing
PIAGGIO & C. SPA,, CATALOGO PARTI DI RICAMBIO, MP3 300 IE LT MOD. ZAPM64102, pages 54,81,111
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