Source: http://marioblanch.lawyer/service/kidnapping/
Timestamp: 2019-08-23 06:45:49
Document Index: 766948365

Matched Legal Cases: ['§212', '§ 1201', '§ 1201', '§ 135', '§ 70', '§ 135', '§ 70']

Kidnapping Attorneys New Jersey | Blanch Legal
Generally, kidnapping occurs when a person, without lawful authority, physically sports (i.e., moves) another person with out that other person’s consent, with the intent to use the abduction in connection with some other nefarious objective. Under the Model Penal Code (a set of exemplary criminal rules fashioned by the American Law Institute), kidnapping occurs when any person is unlawfully and non-con sensually a sported and held for certain purposes. These purposes include gaining ransom or reward; facilitating the commission of a felony or a flight after the commission of a felony; terrorising or inflicting bodily injury on the victim or a third person; and interfering with a governmental or political function (Model Penal Code §212.1).
Kidnapping laws in the United States derive from the Common Law of kidnapping that was developed by courts in England.Originally, the crime of kidnapping was defined as the unlawful and non-consensual transportation of a person from one country to another. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, states began to redefine kidnapping, most notably eliminating the requirement of interstate transport.
At the federal level, Congress passed the Lindbergh Act in 1932 to prohibit interstate kidnapping (48 Stat. 781 [codified At U.S.C.A. §§ 1201 et seq.]). The Lindbergh Act was named for Charles A. Lindbergh, a celebrated aviator and Air Force colonel whose baby was kidnapped and killed in 1932. The act provides that if a victim is not released within 24 hours after being abducted, a court may presume that the victim was transported across state lines. This presumption may be rebutted with evidence to the contrary. Other federal kidnapping statutes prohibit kidnapping in U.S. territories, kidnapping on the high seas and in the air, and kidnapping of government officials (18 U.S.C.A. §§ 1201 et seq., 1751 et seq.).
A person who is convicted of kidnapping is usually sentenced to prison for a certain number of years. In some states, and at the federal level, the term of imprisonment may be the remainder of the offender’s natural life. In jurisdictions that authorise the death penalty, a kidnapper is charged with a capital offence if the kidnapping results in death. Kidnapping is so severely punished because it is a dreaded offence. It usually occurs in connection with another criminal offence, or underlying crime. It involves violent deprivation of liberty, and it requires a special criminal boldness. Furthermore, the act of moving a crime victim exposes the victim to risks above and beyond those that are inherent in the underlying crime.
Most kidnapping statutes recognise different types and levels of kidnapping and assign punishment accordingly. New York State, for example, bases its definition of first-degree kidnapping on the purpose and length of the abduction. First-degree kidnapping occurs when a person abducts another person to obtain ransom (N.Y. Penal Code § 135.25 [McKinney 1996]).First-degree kidnapping also occurs when the abduction lasts for more than 12 hours and the abductor intends to injure the victim; to accomplish or advance the commission of a felony; to terrorise the victim or a third person; or to interfere with governmental or political function. An abduction that results in death is also first-degree kidnapping. A first-degree kidnapping in New York State is a class A-1 felony, which carries a sentence of at least 20 years in prison (§ 70.00).
New York State also has a second-degree kidnapping statute. A person is guilty of second-degree kidnapping if he or she abducts another person (§ 135.20). This crime lacks the aggravating circumstances in first-degree kidnapping, and it is ranked as a class B felony. A person who is convicted of a class B felony in New York State can be sentenced to one to eight years in prison (§ 70.00).
Two key elements are common to all charges of kidnapping. First, the a transportation or-detention must be unlawful. Under various state and federal statutes, not all seizures and a
transportation constitute kidnapping: Police officers may arrest and jail person they suspect of a crime, and parents are allowed to reasonably restrict and control the movement of their children.
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