Source: http://www.patentgenius.com/patent/7807721.html
Timestamp: 2018-09-22 14:41:55
Document Index: 409877998

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 00930237', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 008073643', 'Application No. 00807364', 'Application No. 00623', 'Application No. 089108915']

Compositions for inhibiting the scent tracking ability of mosquitoes in environmentally defined three dimensional spaces - Patent # 7807721 - PatentGenius
Compositions for inhibiting the scent tracking ability of mosquitoes in environmentally defined three dimensional spaces
7807721 Compositions for inhibiting the scent tracking ability of mosquitoes in environmentally defined three dimensional spaces
Application: 11/254,367
Inventors: Nolen; James A. (West Greenwich, RI)
Bedoukian; Robert H. (West Redding, CT)
Assignee: Biosensory Inc. (Putnam, CT)
International Class: A01N 31/00; A61K 31/045
Foreign Patent Documents: 04021606; WO00/38512; WO0067570
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Abstract: Composition for inhibiting the ability of mosquitoes to locate a target by olfactory emissions of the target comprise a composition of at least one inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1-alkene-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00001## and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00002## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, in a vehicle base that is a porous or waxy medium. The composition being capable of dispensing the inhibiting compound in an non-lethal amount effective to inhibit the ability of mosquitoes to sense a target in a three dimensional environmental space.
1. A composition for inhibiting the ability of mosquitoes to sense a target within a three dimensional environmental space having a land or base surface area, the compositioncomprising: (A) a non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of at least one inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1-alkene-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00007## and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00008## whereinR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, in (B) a base vehicle comprising a porous or waxy medium, wherein the non-lethal inhibiting effective amount ofthe at least one inhibiting compound is sufficient to inhibit the ability of mosquitoes to sense a target in the three dimensional environmental space.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is sufficient to provide in an atmosphere of the three dimensional environmental space a non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of the at least one inhibiting compound rangingfrom about 0.000005 g/hr/ft.sup.2 to about 0.0004 g/hr/ft.sup.2 per square footage of the land or base surface area of the three dimensional environmental space.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is sufficient to provide in an atmosphere of the three dimensional environmental space a non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of the at least one inhibiting compound rangingfrom about 0.00015 g/hr/ft.sup.2 to about 0.0002 g/hr/ft.sup.2 per square footage of the land or base surface area of the three dimensional environmental space.
7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is capable of dispensing the non-lethal amount of at least one inhibiting compound into an atmosphere of the three dimensional environmental space by a method selected fromvolatilization, evaporation, atomization and ionic dispersion of the at least one inhibiting compound.
14. A composition for inhibiting the ability of mosquitoes to sense a target within a three dimensional environmental space having a land or base surface area, the composition comprising: (A) a non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of at leastone inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl 1-alken-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00009## and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00010## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturatedaliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in (B) a base vehicle that is a waxy medium, wherein the non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of the at least one inhibiting compound is sufficient to inhibit the ability of mosquitoesto sense a target in the three dimensional environmental space.
17. A composition for inhibiting the ability of mosquitoes to sense a target within a three dimensional environmental space having a land or base surface area, the composition consisting essentially of: (A) a non-lethal inhibiting effectiveamount of at least one inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1-alken-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00011## and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula: ##STR00012## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a saturated orunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, in (B) a base vehicle that is a waxy medium, wherein the non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of the at least one inhibiting compound is sufficient to inhibit theability of mosquitoes to sense a target in the three dimensional environmental space.
18. A composition according to claim 14 or claim 17 wherein the composition is capable of dispensing, by a method selected from the group consisting of atomization, ionic dispersion, and fan-driven evaporation, the at least one inhibitingcompound in a non-lethal amount from the composition into an atmosphere of a three dimensional space sufficient to provide a non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of the at least one inhibiting compound sufficient to inhibit the ability of mosquitoes tosense a target in a three dimensional environmental space.
Compounds, compositions and formulations for protecting human beings from being bitten by mosquitoes are known in the art. Generally, these compounds, compositions and formulations are based on their ability to persist on the skin of the personupon topical or surface application for a time sufficient to repel mosquitoes. Numerous adjuvant materials have been added to mosquito repellents to increase the persistence of the repellents to the skin of a person. However, despite the variousattempts to improve the repelling activity of the known mosquito repellents, these attempts have generally not been successful, as almost anyone who has used such mosquito repellents can attest.
Thus, the art has been searching for new and more effective repellents against mosquitoes. However, the search for more effective mosquito repellents has not generally been met with success since most mosquito repellents have been found only topossess a limited degree of repellency and are generally not particularly effective. There is, therefore, a need for more effective means to deter mosquitoes from even locating and biting humans and other targets such as livestock. Moreover, this needhas recently become more acute and urgent because mosquitoes have been discovered to be carriers of significant diseases that can be passed on to a target by the mosquitoes biting the target. A further need is to be able to reduce the use ofenvironmentally unfriendly pesticides.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,933,371 there is a disclosure of using stock solutions of 2.5, 5 and 10 percent linalool in Tween 80 and water to kill mosquitoes. In contrast to this, the present invention does not want to kill mosquitoes. Rather, in thepresent invention the object is to prevent mosquitoes from sensing a target, not to kill them.
According to this invention, the ability of mosquitoes to locate a target is inhibited by dispensing into a spatial area a non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of at least one inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of3-methyl-1-alkene-3-ols of the formula:
##STR00003## and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula:
##STR00004## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms.
##STR00005## and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula:
##STR00006## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms is dispensed into the atmosphere of a three dimensional environmental space, theability of mosquitoes to locate and track a target, such as humans or livestock, by the target's olfactory emissions is inhibited.
Any suitable non-lethal inhibiting effective amount of the inhibiting compound(s) may be employed. By "non-lethal" amounts is meant that the amount of inhibiting compounds releasable from the composition into the environmental area isinsufficient to kill mosquitoes. Such inhibiting effective amounts can include amounts, based on the square footage of land or base surface area of the environmental area to be treated, preferably within the range of from about 0.000005 g/hr/ft.sup.2 toabout 0.004 g/hr/ft.sup.2, more preferably amounts within the range of from about 0.00015 g/hr/ft.sup.2 to about 0.0002 g/hr/ft.sup.2, and especially an amount of about 0.00016 g/hr/ft.sup.2.
The inhibiting compounds of this invention, or essential oils containing such inhibiting compounds, may be employed in any suitable formulation suitable for dispensing inhibiting effective amounts of the compounds. The compounds will generallybe employed in formulations comprising a suitable vehicle containing the inhibiting compounds. For example, the inhibiting compound can be formulated in a specially formulated waxy or wax-like medium or vehicle engineered to release desired amounts ofvaporous inhibiting compound at ambient temperatures, such as those mediums or vehicles available from Koster Keunen of Watertown, Conn., or from candles. An example of such a wax-like medium available from Koster Keunen is known as Insect Repellent WaxBar No. 9, which is a blend of waxes having the following general composition: fatty acids ranging in carbon chain length of from C.sub.16 to C.sub.22, fatty alcohols ranging in carbon chain length of from C.sub.16 to C.sub.22, paraffinic hydrocarbonsranging in carbon chain length of from C.sub.19 to C.sub.47, branched hydrocarbons ranging in carbon chain length of from C.sub.23 to C.sub.69, beeswax and other natural waxes such as candelilla and carnauba. The wax mixture will generally be formulatedwith concentrations of the inhibiting compounds of this invention ranging from about 20% to 60% and the formulation has a congealing point which may vary from about 75.degree. C. to about 45.degree. C. Alternatively, the inhibiting compound can beformulated in a porous medium or vehicle suitable for releasing effective amounts of the inhibiting compound. As an example of such porous medium or vehicle is a polyester membrane material having micropores encasing a block of inhibiting compoundsaturated fibers that gradually releases the inhibiting compound so that it permeates the microporous membrane and is released to the environment. Such porous membrane known as World of Fragrance.TM. cups is available from Waterbury Companies, Inc. ofWaterbury, Conn.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Competitive Tests % Mosquitoes Entering Treatment Control Port % Mosquitoes Test Compound and Port (Inhib- (Human Scent Remaining in Amount itor Port) Port) Cage Dehydrolinalool 25 30.23 50.77 19 micro literDehydrolinalool 100 31.13 53.87 15 micro liter Dehydrolinalool 250 22.6 44.6 32.8 micro liter Dehydrolinalool 500 24.8 56.47 24.18 micro liter Dehydrolinalool 1000 26.11 42.76 27.12 micro liter Linalool 25 micro 21.98 56.89 21.14 liter Linalool 100 micro31.3 45.61 23.08 liter Linalool 250 micro 16.57 47.3 36.13 liter Linalool 500 micro 16.13 44.56 39.31 liter Linalool 1000 micro 27.24 44.14 31.3 liter
Tests identical to that described in Example 1 were conducted with test compounds when employed together with the synthetic human attractant (CS) in a port. The test combinations were: (1) CS vs. CS (comparison) (2) dehydrolinalool+CS vs. CS(3) linalool+CS vs. CS Also for comparison purposes, a known topical mosquito repellent, Deet, namely N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide, was employed to compare to linalool and to dehydrolinalool. Each test compound was tested at 100, 250 and 500 .mu.L. The results are presented in Tables 2, 3 and 4. The results are again presented as percent mosquitoes attracted to Ports 1 or 2 or not attracted to either port.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 (100 micro liter treatments) % Mosquitoes % Mosquitoes Entering Remaining in Test Compound and Amount Port 1 Port 2 Cage 1 Human scent vs. 2 human 50.5 44 5.5 scent 1 Dehydrolinalool vs. 2 18.1 63 18.9 human scent 1Linalool vs. 2 human scent 22.5 50.7 26.8 1 Deet vs. 2 dehydrolinalool 60.1 20.1 19.8 1 Deet vs. 2 linalool 56.3 17.5 26.2
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 (250 micro liter treatments) % Mosquitoes % Mosquitoes Entering Remaining in Test Compound and Amount Port 1 Port 2 Cage 1 Human scent vs. 2 human 49.9 39.4 8.7 scent 1 Dehydrolinalool vs. 2 20.1 59.2 20.6 human scent 1Linalool vs. 2 human scent 14.9 56.8 28.4 1 Deet vs. 2 dehydrolinalool 48.8 22.5 29.2 1 Deet vs. 2 linalool 48.1 25.7 26.2
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 (500 micro liter treatments) % Mosquitoes % Mosquitoes Entering Remaining in Test Compound and Amount Port 1 Port 2 Cage 1 Human scent vs. 2 human 47.3 46.8 5.9 scent 1 Dehydrolinalool vs. 2 20.6 55.5 23.9 human scent 1Linalool vs. 2 human scent 25.7 55.6 18.7 1 Deet vs. 2 dehydrolinalool 42.1 30.3 27.6 1 Deet vs. 2 linalool 49.5 23.1 27.3
It is also recognized that the landing counts represent both: 1. mosquitoes drawn to the human subject by his scent, and 2. mosquitoes that encounter the human subject because he is in their line of flight as they leave the water. If theinhibitor impairs the mosquitoes' scent-tracking ability, it will affect the former but not the latter. This fact must be taken into account when interpreting the results.
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