Source: http://www.google.com.tw/patents/US8134980
Timestamp: 2013-05-20 13:38:26
Document Index: 173333434

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 1', 'art%201', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art%201', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art%201', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art%201', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art%201', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art%202', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art%201', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art%202']

�M�Q US8134980 - Transmittal of heartbeat signal at a lower level than heartbeat request - Google �M�Q�j�M �Ϥ� �a�� Play YouTube �s�D Gmail ���ݵw�� ��h »�i���M�Q�j�M | �������� | �n�J�i���M�Q�j�M�M�QA communication system, such as a wireless CDMA system, detects markers with fewer errors by having field units transmit the markers at different power levels (e.g., 9 dB for one marker and 11 dB for another marker). The difference in power levels of the markers allows the base station to identify the...http://www.google.com.tw/patents/US8134980?utm_source=gb-gplus-share�M�Q US8134980 - Transmittal of heartbeat signal at a lower level than heartbeat request���}��US8134980 B2�X���������v�ӽЮѽs��11/805,013�o�G���2012�~3��13���ӽФ��2007�~5��22�� �u���v���1997�~12��17����L���}�M�Q��US20070223426�o��HJr. James A. Proctor��M�Q�v�HIpr Licensing, Inc.Intel Corporation ���M�Q������370/335370/352370/342375/137370/252455/445��ڱM�Q������H04B7/00H04B7/216H04L12/28H04L25/14H04B7/208H04B7/005H04L1/00H04Q11/04H04W84/14H04W28/04H04J3/00H04L1/18H04W74/04H04L1/16H04J13/00H04W72/04H04L27/26H04B7/26H04L7/06H04W52/50H04W52/28H04J11/00 �X�@����H04W24/00H04W48/08H04Q2213/13216H04W52/16H04W76/02H04Q2213/13098H04L25/14H04Q2213/13389H04Q2213/13209H04Q2213/1327H04B1/707H04W88/02H04W74/04H04Q2213/13204H04Q2213/13298H04W52/50H04L7/06H04Q11/0428H04Q2213/13202H04W8/005H04W76/048H04L1/165H04W28/26H04Q2213/1336H04W84/14H04Q2213/13332H04W74/0866H04W52/325H04L27/2601H04W28/04 �ڬw������H04W 28/26H04B 1/707H04L 7/06H04L 25/14H04L 1/16F9WH04W 52/32CH04Q 11/04S�ѦҤ��m�M�Q�ޥ� (101)�D�M�Q�ޥ� (179)�Q�H�U�M�Q�ޥ� (1)�~���s�����M�Q�ӼЧ� ���M�Q�ӼЧ��M�Q����T�� �ڬw�M�Q��Transmittal of heartbeat signal at a lower level than heartbeat requestUS 8134980 B2�K�n A communication system, such as a wireless CDMA system, detects markers with fewer errors by having field units transmit the markers at different power levels (e.g., 9 dB for one marker and 11 dB for another marker). The difference in power levels of the markers allows the base station to identify the request markers using alternative criteria with a low probability of error, where the alternative criteria may include comparing the markers to respective energy level thresholds, monitoring occupancy of time slots, occupancy of mutually exclusive code channels, or combinations thereof. For example, in one particular embodiment, a request marker, which is generally a high priority marker, is transmitted with higher power, which improves the probability of detection and reduces the probability of false detection of the request marker.
The teachings of the present invention support I-CDMA and 1��EV-DV systems, but are general enough to support systems employing various other communications protocols used in wired or wireless communications systems. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, such as IS-2000, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, such as IEEE 802.11a wireless local area network (LAN), may employ an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a signal diagram of a 1��EV-DV signal with a first marker indicating ��control hold�� and a second marker indicating a ��request to go active��;
In a wireless communications system, an embodiment of the present invention applies to the power that is transmitted from a handset (or the target received power at a base terminal station (BTS)) for a Heartbeat signal (HB) versus a Heartbeat-with-Request signal (HBR, HB/RQST, or just the ��request�� signal). The HB and HB/RQST signals may be transmitted on a maintenance channel, which, as disclosed in U.S. Ser. No. 09/775,305, is a single code channel (out of many) on a reverse link of a CDMA communications system. The maintenance channel is time slotted and different users are assigned different slots.
A field unit in that wireless communications system sends a heartbeat signal to maintain timing and/or power control as well as an indication of presence to the BTS. When a terminal needs an assigned reverse link channel, the terminal then transmits at least one request signal. The signal(s) may be modulated messages or simply coded pilot signals with no ��bits��.
For instance, if the signal is not ��detected�� because the received power is not above a predetermined threshold but the correlation is aligned, the power command indicates that the power was too low and that the terminal should ��power up��. One requirement, in this particular embodiment, is that the detection occur often enough to allow the detector to be aligned in time to the received signal.
In a preferred embodiment, the forward link channels 60 and reverse link channels 55 are defined in the communications system 100 as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) channels. That is, each CDMA channel is preferably defined by encoding and transmitting data over the channel with an augmented pseudo random noise (PN) code sequence. The PN coded data is then modulated onto a radio frequency carrier. This enables a receiver to decipher one CDMA channel from another knowing only the particular augmented PN code assigned for a given channel. In accordance with an embodiment, each channel may occupy a 1.25 MHZ band consistent with the IS-95 CDMA standard and 1��EV-DV standard and is capable of transmitting at 38.4 kbps.
In FIG. 3A, a 1��EV-DV signal 160 that may be transmitted by the field unit is shown having three distinct states: a ��control hold�� state 165, a ��request to go active�� state 170, and a data traffic state 175. In the ��control hold�� state 165, the signal 160 does not include a ��request to go active�� indication. In other words, the signal 160 remains in an ��idle�� or ��control hold�� state, which indicates that the field unit 42 a is not requesting traffic channels. The ��request to go active�� state 170 is an indication that the field unit is requesting to transmit data on a traffic channel over a reverse link to the BTS 25. In the traffic state 175, traffic data is transmitted by the field unit to the BTS. Following transmission of the traffic data over the reverse link, the signal 160 reverts back to the ��control hold�� state 165 following a transmission of a ��data transmission complete�� state (not shown).
Although shown as a single signal 160, it should be understood that the signal may be multiple signals, optionally coded with orthogonal or non-orthogonal codes into mutually exclusive channels. For example, the ��control hold�� state 165 may be transmitted on a different channel from the ��request to go active�� state 170. Similarly, the traffic data transmitted in a traffic state 175 may be on a separate channel from the other two states 165, 170. An example of multiple channel is discussed in reference to FIGS. 3B and 3C.
FIG. 3C is a more detailed signal diagram of the 1��EV-DV signal of FIG. 3A that is used to indicate a ��request to go active�� to the base station 25 from the field unit 42 a. In this embodiment, the 1��EV-DV signal is composed of multiple signals on different logical channels: a heartbeat channel 55H and a request channel 55R. The heartbeat channel 55H provides continuous timing and other information (e.g., power level, synchronization, etc.) from the field unit 42 a to the base station 25. The field unit 42 a uses the request channel 55R to make a request (e.g., digital ��1��) of the base station 25 to request a traffic channel on the reverse link 65 for transmitting data.
Sampling time periods 195 a, 195 b, . . . , 195 f (collectively 195) denoted by arrows indicate times or intervals at which the BTS 25 samples the time slots of the request signal 55R and, optionally, the heartbeat channel 55H to determine whether a request for a traffic channel is being made. It should be understood that the sampling may occur over the entire time slot or a subset thereof. Also, the heartbeat channel 55H and request channel 55R use mutually exclusive codes, in this particular embodiment, so the sampling is performed on their mutually exclusive code channels 55H, 55R in all or a subset of time slots. In one particular embodiment, the base station 25 samples mutually exclusive code channels 55H, 55R in time slots designated for request indications, such as in time slots at sampling times 195 b, 195 d, and 195 f. During these time slots, the heartbeat channel 55H is ��inactive,�� but the request channel 55R is ��active��.
As discussed above, the signals in the ��active�� request time slots may be modulated messages or simply coded pilot signals with no ��bits��. Thus, detection may be based solely on the respective energy levels of the heartbeat and heartbeat-with-request signals in respective time slots over a given time interval or spanning several time intervals. In one particular embodiment, the ��control hold�� state 165 indication has a first energy level, and the ��request to go active�� state 170 has a second energy level.
An example energy level threshold to compare the heartbeat energy level against is 9 dB and the request energy level threshold is 11 dB. The energy level thresholds may be dynamically selected, predetermined, or applied in another manner, such as based on a transmitted power level, which may be reported by the field unit to the base station over the heartbeat channel 55H, for instance. In the case of the energy level calculation and comparison, the first and second energy levels may be dependent on occupancy of time slots in the signaling channel(s) used by the signal 55, so the energy level thresholds can be based on an expected or specified number of ��1�� bits used to indicate a ��request to go active�� or to indicate a request to remain in idle mode.
The output of the hypothesis detector 140 may be used to change the state of the communications system. For example, if the hypothesis detector 140 determines that a ��request to go active�� (i.e., send a data transmission on the reverse link) is being made by the field unit, then the hypothesis detector outputs a signal to a processor (not shown in the BTS 25) that is responsible for providing the portable computer 12 with a traffic channel 55T. In one embodiment, the BTS 25 allocates the traffic channel 55T if the detected energy level of the signal is determined to be above the second energy level threshold. Alternatively, the BTS allocates the traffic channel 55T if the hypothesis detector 140 determines that the detected energy level is below the second energy level threshold.
A feedback loop (not shown) may be employed to cause the heartbeat channel processor 112 and request channel processor 114 to be ��adaptive��. For example, based on the received energy level of the heartbeat channel 55H, the integration time of the integrators 125, 135 may be adjusted, and the energy level thresholds used by the hypothesis detector 140 for comparison of the energy levels of the heartbeat and request signals may also be adjusted by the feedback loop. Such a feedback loop may use a command or message to transfer information between the BTS and field unit that includes information regarding the power levels of the heartbeat or heartbeat-with-request signals transmitted by the field unit.
800 Hz closed loop power control; SNR of the i'th user is calculated as SNR(i)=P(i)−P_interference+processing Gain+Er, where P_interference(i) is a total received interference for the i'th user and calculated as P interference(i)=20*log 10(10)^�Uj��I(10^P(j)/20)+10^(PTH/20)), where P(i) is the power received from the i'th user and PTH is thermal noise floor and is arbitrarily set to 120 dBm; processing gain is 10 log 64; fading model is Jakes; Er=a Normal distributed random variable with 1 sigma=0.67 dB error in SNR estimation at the BTS; and power control bit (PCB) errors=3%. In this particular simulation, a choice of a target SNR for the HB channel was chosen first. Based on a 9 dB E/Io, where E is the entire energy in the heartbeat message and a 95% probability of detection with a 0.1% false detection rate in Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWG) is achieved (see Viterbi, A., CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communication, Addison Wesley, 1995, p 113.)
Simulation using the above parameters shows that if the base station detects the ��request to go active�� indication 2 dB below the target SNR (as defined above), then the average time of detection is about 16 ms, with standard deviation at about 14 ms. From the simulation, to achieve a low latency in HB/RQST detection, the following equation has been determined:
Target�X SNR(RQST)=Target�X SNR(HB)+2 dB (1)
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