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Timestamp: 2018-09-23 06:53:16
Document Index: 379297624

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The quant­ity or amount of energy pro­duced by a vibrat­ing com­pon­ent (G-force). An extreme vibra­tion has a high amp­litude. A mild vibra­tion has a low amp­litude. [See Intens­ity] Ford Motor Com­pany
Bar­ri­er (fixed dis­tance) guard — a fixed guard that does not com­pletely enclose the haz­ard but that reduces access by vir­tue of its phys­ic­al dimen­sions and its dis­tance from the haz­ard. CSA Z432-04, §3 [See Guard]
Boom — Low fre­quency or low pitched noise often accom­pan­ied by a vibra­tion. [Also refer to Drum­ming.] Ford Motor Com­pany
Buf­fet / Buf­feting — Strong noise fluc­tu­ations caused by gust­ing winds. An example would be wind gusts against the side glass. Ford Motor Com­pany
Buzz — A low-pitched sound like that from a bee. Often a metal­lic or hard plastic hum­ming sound. Also describes a high-fre­quency vibra­tion. Vibra­tion feels sim­il­ar to an elec­tric razor. Ford Motor Com­pany
CE Mark­ing on a product is a manufacturer’s declar­a­tion that the product com­plies with the essen­tial require­ments of the rel­ev­ant European health, safety and envir­on­ment­al pro­tec­tion legis­la­tion, in prac­tice by many of the so-called Product Dir­ect­ives.
dir­ect drive – a con­nec­tion between actu­at­or and con­tact ele­ment that excludes any pre-travel of the actu­at­or IEC 60947 – 5-1, Ed. 3, 2009 §2.4.4.3
dir­ect open­ing action (of a con­tact ele­ment) – achieve­ment of con­tact sep­ar­a­tion as the dir­ect res­ult of a spe­cified move­ment of the switch actu­at­or through non-resi­li­ent mem­bers (for example not depend­ent upon springs) IEC 60947 – 5-1, Ed. 3, 2009 § K.2.2
dir­ect open­ing travel – travel from the begin­ning of actu­ation of the actu­at­or and the pos­i­tion when the dir­ect open­ing action of the open­ing con­tacts is com­pleted IEC 60947 – 5-1, Ed. 3, 2009 § K.2.3
dir­ect open­ing force (or moment) – actu­ation force, or actu­at­ing moment for a rotary con­trol switch, applied to the actu­at­or for the dir­ect open­ing action IEC 60947 – 5-1, Ed. 3, 2009 § K.2.4
[IEC 60050 – 195:1998, 195 – 02-22], en60519-1:2011. 3.15
Force-guided (or pos­it­ively-guided) relays have con­tacts that are mech­an­ic­ally inter­locked such that two con­tacts on the relays will not con­tra­dict each oth­er, even in the event that the relay welds. Force-guided relays have con­tacts that are force-guided/mech­an­ic­ally linked con­form­ing to IEC60947-1 – 1 as required for use in safety-related con­trol sys­tems.
The mir­ror con­tact relays con­form to EN 60947 – 4-1 by using a com­bin­a­tion of the relay block and the aux­il­i­ary con­tact block.
“Force Guided Relays And Mir­ror Con­tact Relays”, [online]. OMRON STI. Accessed: 6-Jun-2013. Avail­able: http://www.sti.com/force-guided-relays/.
G-force — The addi­tion­al load or weight pro­duced in an object dur­ing accel­er­a­tion. When meas­ur­ing the level or amp­litude of a vibra­tion without sound, the unit G is added to asso­ci­ate the force of the vibra­tion to grav­ity. This is sim­il­ar to meas­ur­ing the weight of an object, which is also a func­tion of grav­ity. Ford Motor Com­pany
rel­ev­ant haz­ard – Haz­ard which is iden­ti­fied as being present at or asso­ci­ated with the machine.Note 1 to entry: A rel­ev­ant haz­ard is iden­ti­fied as the res­ult of one step of the pro­cess described in ISO 12100:2010, Clause 5.Note 2 to entry: This term is included as basic ter­min­o­logy for type B- and type C-stand­ards. Safety of machinery — Gen­er­al prin­ciples for design — Risk assess­ment and risk reduc­tion. ISO 12100, 3.7. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion. Geneva. 2010
sig­ni­fic­ant haz­ard – Haz­ard which has been iden­ti­fied as rel­ev­ant and which requires spe­cif­ic action by the design­er to elim­in­ate or to reduce the risk accord­ing to the risk assess­ment.Note 1 to entry: This term is included as basic ter­min­o­logy for type B- and type C-stand­ards. Safety of machinery — Gen­er­al prin­ciples for design — Risk assess­ment and risk reduc­tion. ISO 12100, 3.8. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion. Geneva. 2010
Human-Machine Inter­face — This is where people and tech­no­logy meet. This people/ tech­no­logy inter­cept can be as simple as the grip on a hand tool or as com­plex as the flight deck of a jumbo jet. ISA | Ter­min­o­logy, accessed 3-Mar-11.
An ingo­ing pinch point is the point at which any part of a person’s body, such as fin­gers or hand, is likely to be drawn between a rotat­ing machine mem­ber and anoth­er rotat­ing or fixed mem­ber and be injured.
NOTE. In Eng­lish ‘stop sig­nal’ and ‘stop com­mand’ are syn­onyms for ‘stop instruc­tion’. In Ger­man, ‘Stop-Sig­nal’ and ‘Stop-Befehl’ are syn­onyms for ‘Halt-Befehl’. In French ‘ordre d’arret’ is an all-encom­passing term. EN 1088:96, §3.2
NOTE 3 Con­trol cir­cuit devices actu­ated extern­ally (e.g. push-but­ton or lim­it-switches) do not have an actu­at­ing force lim­ited to a max­im­um value (see L.8.4 a) 2)), so they can­not have mech­an­ic­ally linked con­tact ele­ments. For such devices, safety applic­a­tions gen­er­ally use con­tacts with “dir­ect open­ing action” (see Annex K). IEC 60947 – 5-1, Ed. 3, 2009 §L.1.1
Neut­ral Point – The com­mon point on a wye-con­nec­tion in a poly­phase sys­tem or mid­point on a single-phase, 3-wire sys­tem, or mid­point of a single-phase por­tion of a 3-phase delta sys­tem, or a mid­point of a 3-wire, dir­ect-cur­rent sys­tem.
per­son­al pro­tect­ive equip­ment — spe­cial device or appli­ance designed to be worn or held by an indi­vidu­al for pro­tec­tion against one or more health and safety haz­ards IEC 82079 – 1, 2012, §3.27
Ping — A short-dur­a­tion, high-fre­quency sound, which has a slight echo. Ford Motor Com­pany
Pitch — The phys­ic­al qual­ity of sound that relates to its fre­quency. Pitch increases as fre­quency increases and vice versa. Ford Motor Com­pany
Pinch Point — Any point oth­er than the trap­ping space at which it is pos­sible for a part of the body to be caught between the mov­ing parts of a machine or between mov­ing and sta­tion­ary parts of a machine or aux­il­i­ary equip­ment, res­ult­ing in injury. E2.19 Pinch Point. The term “pinch point,” as used in this stand­ard, refers only to haz­ards that may exist as a part of the machine or its asso­ci­ated parts. The expres­sion is not used to describe haz­ards caused by the tool­ing at the trap­ping space, since these haz­ards are a dif­fer­ent prob­lem and require dif­fer­ent treat­ment. ANSI B11.8 – 1983 (R1999), §2.19
pos­it­ive drive – a con­nec­tion between actu­at­or and con­tact ele­ment such that the force applied to the actu­at­or is dir­ectly trans­mit­ted to the con­tact ele­ment IEC 60947 – 5-1, Ed. 3, 2009 §2.4.4.4
Pos­it­ively Guided – Deprec­ated. See “Mech­an­ic­ally Linked”
Pre­cau­tion­ary prin­ciple (law & policy)
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Point of Oper­a­tion — That point or area where the cut­ting edge(s) of the tool is in con­tact with the work­piece. ANSI B11.8 – 1983 (R1999), §2.20
prob­ab­il­ity — meas­ure of the chance of occur­rence expressed as a num­ber between 0 and 1, where 0 is impossib­il­ity and 1 is abso­lute cer­tainty
Pro­tect­ive meas­ure — means used to reduce risk NOTE Pro­tect­ive meas­ures include risk reduc­tion by inher­ently safe design, pro­tect­ive devices, per­son­al pro­tect­ive equip­ment, inform­a­tion for use and install­a­tion, and train­ing. ISO Guide 51:99
pro­tect­ive con­duct­or — (iden­ti­fic­a­tion: PE) con­duct­or provided for pur­poses of safety, for example pro­tec­tion against elec­tric shock
NOTE In an elec­tric­al install­a­tion, the PE con­duct­or is nor­mally also con­sidered as a pro­tect­ive earth­ing con­duct­or.
[I EC 60050 – 195: 1998, 195 – 02-09], EN 60519 – 1:2011, 3.38
pro­tect­ive earth­ing [pro­tect­ive ground­ing (US)] — earth­ing a point or points in a sys­tem or in an install­a­tion or in equip­ment, for pur­poses of elec­tric­al safety
pro­tect­ive equi­po­ten­tial bond­ing sys­tem (PEBS) — equi­po­ten­tial bond­ing sys­tem provid­ing pro­tect­ive-equi­po­ten­tial-bond­ing
pro­tect­ive earth­ing con­duct­or [pro­tect­ive ground­ing con­duct­or (US)] — pro­tect­ive con­duct­or provided for pro­tect­ive earth­ing
Pos­it­ive mode actu­ation — If a mov­ing mech­an­ic­al com­pon­ent inev­it­ably moves anoth­er com­pon­ent along with it, either by dir­ect con­tact or via rigid ele­ments, the second com­pon­ent is said to be actu­ated in the pos­it­ive mode (or positively)by the first one. EN 1088:1996, §3.6
Pos­it­ive open­ing oper­a­tion of a con­tact ele­ment — The achieve­ment of con­tact sep­ar­a­tion as the dir­ect res­ult of a spe­cified move­ment of the switch actu­at­or through non-resi­li­ent mem­bers (e.g. not depend­ent upon springs). (2.2 of chapter 3 ‘Spe­cial require­ments for con­trol switches with pos­it­ive open­ing oper­a­tion’ of EN 60947 – 5-1: 1991). NOTE: For flu­id power, the equi­val­ent concept may be called ‘pos­it­ive mode inter­rup­tion’. EN 1088:1996, §3.7
Pump­ing Feel — A slow, pulsing move­ment. Ford Motor Com­pany
safety – related part of a con­trol sys­tem (SRP/CS) — part of a con­trol sys­tem that responds to safety-related input sig­nals and gen­er­ates safety-related out­put sig­nals.
Ser­vice — set of func­tions offered to users by supplier’s organ­iz­a­tion sup­port­ing cli­ents with main­ten­ance [IEV 191 – 01-04, mod­i­fied] IEC 62079:2001, 3.16
sever­ity – See Wiktion­ary.
Shake — A low-fre­quency vibra­tion, usu­ally with vis­ible com­pon­ent move­ment. Usu­ally relates to tires, wheels, brake drums or brake discs if it is vehicle speed sens­it­ive, or engine if it is engine speed sens­it­ive. Also referred to as a shimmy or wobble. Ford Motor Com­pany
Shimmy — An abnor­mal vibra­tion or wob­bling, felt as a side-to-side motion of the steer­ing wheel in the drive­shaft rota­tion. Also described as waddle. Ford Motor Com­pany
Shud­der — A low-fre­quency vibra­tion that is felt through the steer­ing wheel or seat dur­ing light brake applic­a­tion. Ford Motor Com­pany
single fault con­di­tion — con­di­tion in which one means for pro­tec­tion against haz­ard is defect­ive
NOTE If a single fault con­di­tion res­ults unavoid­ably in anoth­er single fault con­di­tion, the two fail­ures are con­sidered as one single fault con­di­tion.
[IEC 60050 – 851 :2008, 851 – 11-20], EN 60519 – 1:2011, 3.45
indi­vidu­al with rel­ev­ant tech­nic­al edu­ca­tion, train­ing and/or exper­i­ence enabling him or her to per­ceive risks and to avoid haz­ards occur­ring dur­ing use of a product [SOURCE: IEV 195 – 04-01 , mod­i­fied and IEC 60204 – 1 :2005, defin­i­tion 3.53, mod­i­fied] IEC82079-1, 2012, §3.37
Slap — A res­on­ance from flat sur­faces, such as safety belt webbing or door trim pan­els. Ford Motor Com­pany
State of the art — developed stage of tech­nic­al cap­ab­il­ity at a giv­en time as regards products, pro­cesses and ser­vices, based on the rel­ev­ant con­sol­id­ated find­ings of sci­ence, tech­no­logy and exper­i­ence ISO Guide 2:2004, §1.4 See “Acknow­ledged Rule of Tech­no­logy”
Stand­ard – Any norm, con­ven­tion or require­ment Tech­nic­al Stand­ard, [online]. Wiki­pe­dia. Avail­able: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_standard. Accessed: 13-Jun-13.
type-A stand­ard – Basic safety stand­ard. Stand­ard giv­ing basic con­cepts, prin­ciples for design and gen­er­al aspects that can be applied to machinery.
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 12100:2010, Intro­duc­tion.
ISO Guide 78, 3.1. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion, Geneva. 2012.
type-B stand­ard – Gen­er­ic safety stand­ard. Stand­ard deal­ing with one safety aspect or one type of safe­guard that can be used across a wide range of machinery.
ISO Guide 78, 3.2. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion, Geneva. 2012.
type-B1 stand­ard – Type-B stand­ard on par­tic­u­lar safety aspects (for example, safety dis­tances, sur­face tem­per­at­ure, noise).
ISO Guide 78, 3.2.1. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion, Geneva. 2012.
type-B2 stand­ard – Type-B stand­ard on safe­guards (for example, two-hand con­trol devices, inter­lock­ing devices, pres­sure sens­it­ive devices, guards).
ISO Guide 78, 3.2.2. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion, Geneva. 2012.
type-C stand­ard – Machine safety stand­ard. Stand­ard deal­ing with detailed safety require­ments for a par­tic­u­lar machine or group of machines.Note 1 to entry: See ISO 12100:2010, Intro­duc­tion.Note 2 to entry: The term “group of machines” means machines hav­ing a sim­il­ar inten­ded use and sim­il­ar haz­ards, haz­ard­ous situ­ations or haz­ard­ous events.
ISO Guide 78, 3.3. ISO Inter­na­tion­al Organ­iz­a­tion for Stand­ard­iz­a­tion, Geneva. 2012.
Stop­ping time (time for haz­ard elim­in­a­tion) — The peri­od between the point at which the inter­lock­ing device ini­ti­ates the stop com­mand and the point at which the risk from haz­ard­ous machine func­tions has passed EN 1088 – 1996, §3.8
Squeak — A high-pitched tran­si­ent sound, sim­il­ar to rub­bing fin­gers against a clean win­dow. Ford Motor Com­pany
Squeal — A long-dur­a­tion, high-pitched noise. Ford Motor Com­pany
Trap­ping Space — The space where it would be pos­sible for any part of an individual’s body to be trapped between the cut­ter or its mount­ing and the work­piece or fix­ture, res­ult­ing in injury. ANSI B11.8 – 1983 (R1999), §2.26
The act of vibrat­ing, or the state of being vibrated, or in vibrat­ory motion; quick motion to and fro; oscil­la­tion, as of a pen­du­lum or music­al string. 1913 Webster’s Dic­tion­ary
(Phys­ics) A lim­ited recip­roc­at­ing motion of a particle of an elast­ic body or medi­um in altern­ately oppos­ite dir­ec­tions from its pos­i­tion of equi­lib­ri­um, when that equi­lib­ri­um has been dis­turbed, as when a stretched cord or oth­er body pro­duces music­al notes, or particles of air trans­mit sounds to the ear. The path of the particle may be in a straight line, in a cir­cu­lar arc, or in any curve whatever.Note: Vibra­tion and oscil­la­tion are both used, in mech­an­ics, of the swinging, or rising and fall­ing, motion of a sus­pen­ded or bal­anced body; the lat­ter term more appro­pri­ately, as sig­ni­fy­ing such motion pro­duced by grav­ity, and of any degree of slow­ness, while the former applies espe­cially to the quick, short motion to and fro which res­ults from elasti­city, or the action of molecu­lar forces among the particles of a body when dis­turbed from their pos­i­tion of rest, as in a spring. 1913 Webster’s Dic­tion­ary
Whine — A con­stant, high-pitched noise. Also described as a screech. Ford Motor Com­pany
Whistle — High-pitched noise with a very nar­row fre­quency band. Examples of whistle noises are a tur­bochar­ger or air flow around an antenna. Ford Motor Com­pany
Wind Noise — Any noise caused by air move­ment in, out or around the vehicle. Ford Motor Com­pany
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