Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US5684899?dq=7,496,943
Timestamp: 2014-07-11 16:37:38
Document Index: 559528557

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 236', 'Application No. 07', 'Application No. 07', 'Application No. 07', 'Application No. 07', 'Application No. 07', 'Application No. 07']

Patent US5684899 - Optical communication network - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsIn an optical communication network in which a plural number of nodes are connected to each bidirectional broadcasting bus, and a node communicates with another using the packets, or an optical communication network in which a plural number of nodes are connected to a bidirectional broadcasting bus,...http://www.google.com/patents/US5684899?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5684899 - Optical communication networkAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5684899 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/766,931Publication dateNov 4, 1997Filing dateDec 16, 1996Priority dateMar 5, 1992Fee statusPaidAlso published asUS5854700, US5915054Publication number08766931, 766931, US 5684899 A, US 5684899A, US-A-5684899, US5684899 A, US5684899AInventorsTakeshi OtaOriginal AssigneeFuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (30), Non-Patent Citations (38), Referenced by (15), Classifications (20), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetOptical communication networkUS 5684899 AAbstract In an optical communication network in which a plural number of nodes are connected to each bidirectional broadcasting bus, and a node communicates with another using the packets, or an optical communication network in which a plural number of nodes are connected to a bidirectional broadcasting bus, and a node communicates with another using the packets, each node comprises carrier sensing means for sensing a carrier on the broadcasting bus, and jamming detecting means for detecting a jamming state of received signals.
What is claimed is: 1. A wavelength multiplexing transceiver for wavelength multiplexing in an optical communication network comprising:first and second slab waveguides; a first optical waveguide for supplying an output light from said first slab waveguide to an input/output optical fiber; a second optical waveguide for supplying an incident light from said input/output optical fiber to said second slab waveguide; a optical coupler for branching an optical path of said input/output optical fiber to said first and second optical waveguides; a laser array optically coupled to one end of said first slab waveguide, to the other end of which said optical coupler is coupled; and a light receiving element array optically couple to one end of said second slab waveguide, to the other end of which said optical coupler is coupled, said first and second slab waveguides, first optical waveguide, second optical waveguide, and optical coupler being commonly formed on a substrate. 2. A wavelength multiplexing transceiver comprising:a first group of optical waveguides for coupling a laser array and a first slab waveguide type wavelength multiplexer; a first optical coupler for coupling said first slab waveguide type wavelength multiplexer, an output waveguide, and at least one of said first group of optical waveguides; a second optical coupler for coupling said output waveguide, an input waveguide, and an input/output optical fiber, type wavelength multiplexer; and a light receiving element array optically coupled to said second slab waveguide type wavelength multiplexer. 3. The wavelength multiplexing transceiver according to claim 2 wherein said first and second slab waveguide type wavelength multiplexers and said first and second optical couplers are formed commonly on a substrate.
P&#964;(3)=1.98�10-5.
ti Pτ(3)/Pτ(2)=1.60�10-2 =1.6%,
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrated presently preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the preferred embodiments given below, serve to explain the objects, advantages and principles of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings,
FIGS. 41 and 41(a) are diagrams showing an example of an interconnectable start coupler with four ports constructed using a 1�3 photocoupler.
In the embodiment of the invention, 24 number of 2-bits codes (totally 48 bits) are arranged. The priority is successively determined by comparing firstly the first code with the second code, secondly the second code with the third code, and so on. The priority is given to the code having first won. The probability that 24 code trains are all at the same priority level is (1/3)24 =3.5�10-12. Practically, the event of the probability will little occur. The priority determining method can give impartially the rights to use the channel to the nodes.
To cope with the above problem, in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the substrate 101 has a structure consisting of two plastic layers layered one over the other. The wavelength multiplexing transceiver when seen in the direction of an arrow B in FIG. 18 is perspectively illustrated in FIG. 19. For a better illustration of the structure of the substrate 101, the photo diode array 105, the semiconductor laser array 106 and the optical fiber 110 are contoured by dotted lines. As shown, the substrate 101 is structured such that a thin plastic thin film 117 is layered on a thick plastic thin film 118. An optical waveguide circuit including the optical waveguides 109a to 109f, which connects to the laser array 106, is formed in the thin plastic thin film 117. The optical waveguides 109h to 109k connecting to the photo diode array 105 and the optical waveguide 109g connecting to the optical fiber 110 are formed in the thick plastic thin film 118. The thickness d1 of the thin plastic thin film 117 is 10 μm, and the thickness d2 of the thick plastic thin film 118 is 30 μm. The second optical coupler 108 is formed by laying the optical waveguide 109f of the thin plastic thin film 117 on the optical waveguide 109g of the thick plastic thin film 118. The optical waveguide 109f, which couples the second optical coupler 108 with the first slab waveguide 102, is shaped such that a portion 109f of he waveguide closer to the second optical coupler 108 is broad, 40 μm, and a portion 109f2 closer to the first slab waveguide 102 is narrow, 10 μm. Accordingly, the optical waveguide at the location coupled with the optical fiber 110 is shaped in square, 40 μm�40 μm. The known selective photopolymerization is used for forming the optical waveguides in the plastic thin films 117 and 118. The selective photopolymerization is discussed by T. Kurosawa, N. Takato, S. Okikawa and T. Okada in their paper "Fiber optic sheet formation by selective photopolymerization, Appl. Opt. 17, p 646 (1978). The substrate 101 was formed by laminating two plastic thin films having optical waveguides already formed therein. The thin films may be another other material than plastic, if it allows optical waveguides to be formed therein.
In FIG. 20, reference numerals 134a to 134c, and 135 designate semiconductor laser elements. The semiconductor laser elements 134a to 134c correspond to the semiconductor laser elements 106a to 106c. The semiconductor laser element 135 corresponds to the semiconductor laser element 106e. Photo diodes 136a to 136c correspond to the photo diodes (not shown) of the photo diode array 105 shown in FIG. 16. The structure of the photo diodes 136a to 136c is substantially the same as that of the semiconductor laser elements 134a to 134c. When it is fed with current, it serves as a laser diode. When it receives light, it generates photo current. The laser elements 134a to 134c are different in element length from the photo diodes 136a to 136c. The length of the laser elements 134a to 134c is 250 μm, and the length β is 10 μm (the illustration of FIG. 20 roughly shows a layout of elements, and the layout is not exact in the reduced scale). Such a figure of the photo diode length is selected because the photo diode of 10 μm long can satisfactorily absorb light. If the element length is selected to be long, the stray capacitance of the element is increased, and cannot handle the received light signals, which are modulated at high speed. The pitch of the laser elements 134a to 134c is 10 μm, and the pitch of the photo diodes 136a to 136c is also 10 μm. The width S of the optical waveguide is 3 μm. The substrate 31 is: L3�L4=10 mm�10 mm.
In the 1�2 equal branching circuit 205, as shown in FIG. 26(a), a light signal enters an optical waveguide 231, passes through a mixing part 236, and is branched into two optical waveguides 233 and 234. The equal branching circuit 205 is frequently called a Y branching circuit since it is shaped like letter Y. In the case of the equal branching circuit 205, two optical waveguides 233 and 234 are directly coupled together. Because of this, its junction loss is small. However, in some light propagation modes, its branching ratio is often limited. Specifically, in a single mode, it can branch the light signal at only 1:1 of the branching ratio, basically.
In the second embodiment of the FIG. 28, the 1�2 equal branching circuit 205 is used in place of the 1�2 fiber coupler 231, and the 2�2 equal branching circuit 206 is used in place of the 2�2 fiber coupler 232. In a conventional fiber coupler, only the Evanescent optical coupler can be manufactured with some restrictions on the manufacturing. On the other hand, use of the equal branching circuit 205 is allowed in the integrated optical circuit of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 28. In the fiber coupler, it is difficult to directly couple two optical fibers shaped circular in cross section. For this season, two optical fibers shaped circular in cross section are located closely, and it is filled with medium of low refractive index in a manner that the medium surrounds the optical fibers. Therefore, only the optical coupler by the Evanescent wave coupling can be formed. On the other hand, in the integrated optical circuits, optical waveguides are formed in or on the substrate by the photolithographic technique. Accordingly, it is very easy to manufacture two optical waveguides directly coupled, thereby eliminating the junction loss. Further, in the instant embodiment, the angle δ at the intersecting portions in the integrated optical circuit is larger than the critical angle θ of the optical waveguide. This eliminates the interference between the optical waveguides.
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