Source: http://www.lareau-law.ca/attempt_.html
Timestamp: 2013-06-19 12:34:11+00:00
Document Index: 46273163

Matched Legal Cases: ['art, 1943', '§ 8', 'art.\n21', 'art 1', '§\n1001', 'art 1', "l'article 28", 'art. 2']

Bibliography on attempt / bibliographie sur la tentative
Key words: abandonment,
criminal law, bibliography on attempt, attempt, attempts, impossible
attempt, criminal attempts, attempted crime, attempted crimes, attempting the
impossibility in criminal attempts,inchoate offences, preliminary
punishing attempts, punishment ofattempts, failed attempts, incomplete
attempts, withdrawal, tentative, tentative impossible, tentative
attentat, délit impossible, tentative punissable, repentir,
infraction formelle.
Lareau, 1999-, Ottawa, Canada
See also/voir aussi: Canadian
Law/ Droit canadien
I -- Comparative Law / Droit comparé
ALEXANDER, Larry, 1943-, and Kimberly Kessler Ferzan with contributions
by Stephen J. Morse, Crime and
culpability : a theory of criminal law, Cambridge, U.K. ; New
York : Cambridge University Press, 2008, 372 p., ISBN: 9780521518772
(hardback) and 9780521739610 (pbk.);
see "Section 5.01. Criminal Attempt", at pp. 295-364;
The American Law Institute, 1962, xxii, 346 p., see "Section 5.01.
Attempt" at pp. 81-83;
___________ Model Penal Code: Tentative Draft No. 10, Philadelphia:
The American Law Institute, 1960, xii, 197 p., see pp. xi, 17-19, 24-26
and "Section 5.01. Criminal Attempt" at pp. 26-81;
ARRENTIÈRES, G.-S. d', De la Condictio
droit romain. De la Tentative en droit français,
imprimerie de Moquet, 1885, thèse pour le doctorat,
Facultéde
droit de Paris. Ed.; informations du catalogue de la
de France, Notice n° : FRBNF30031574; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044103179057&printsec=titlepage
et http://books.google.com/books?id=i1cOAAAAYAAJ&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
(vérifiés le 10 juin 2008)
"Art. 33 Attempt
1. In the case of an incomplete crime, the person is
punishable for
an attempt if he, with the intent to commit the crime, engages in
constituting a substantial step towards the accomplishment of that
crime. 2. If the person abandons his effort to commit the crime or
prevents the accomplishment of the crime, he is not punishable if he
and voluntarily has given up his criminal purpose.." (p. 51) AUSTRALIA, Commonwealth Attorney's General in association with the
Code: A Guide for Practitioners, March 2002, 369 p., see on
pp. 235-247, ISBN: 0642210349; available at http://www.ag.gov.au/www/criminaljusticeHome.nsf/AllDocs/RWP1E51ED9C5B665D5FCA256BDB00227895?OpenDocument
___________Review of Commonwealth Criminal Law, Attempts,
: The Review, 1987, 24 leaves (series; Discussion Paper; number7);
BECCARIA, Cesare, marchese di, 1738-1794,
Beccaria ;
translated from the Italian in the author's original order, with notes
and introduction by David Young,
Indianapolis : Hackett Pub. Co., c1986, xxii, 105 p., and see
"Attempted Crimes, Accomplices and Impunity", at pp. 68-69, ISBN:
0915144999 and 0915145979 (pbk.), available at http://books.google.com/books?id=I_OWHbwVzcEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22some+tribunals+offer%22#PPA69,M1
and http://books.google.com/books?id=I_OWHbwVzcEC&dq=%22some+tribunals+offer%22
(accessed on 13 January 2008);
BEIN, Dan, The Intent in Criminal Attempt,
de droit, Université de Jérusalem, 1964, 4 ff., xxiv, 242
BRUN, Catherine, La préparation de l'infraction,
de doctorat : Droit privé et science criminelle :
de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 2000, 479 p., Numéro national de
Thèse : 2000NICE0059; directeur de thèse: Roger
titre noté dans mes recherches mais non consulté;
"Résumé: Cette thèse a pour
de conférer à la notion de préparation de
une structure nouvelle entrainant un régime de la tentative d'un
type nouveau. La notion de préparation de l'infraction
en droit pénal, des dimensions multiples. Recouvrant une
de situations infractionnelles précises, cette notion peut
l'organisation de l'intervention pénale. Mais cette fonction
n'est que secondaire et accessoire. En effet, malgré un champ
étendue, le concept d'acte préparatoire se
le plus souvent par son impunité, son statut dépendant de
la conception actuelle de la tentative. Mais en excluant l'acte
de l'infraction tentée, la loi a dénaturé la
réelle de la préparation de l'infraction, partie
de l'activité délictuelle : la théorie de la
fiction juridique, a pris la place d'une observation directe des
délinquantiels." (source: catalogue Abès)
CALON, Paul, Étude sur la tentative des crimes impossibles,
Aix-en-Provence: imprimerie de P. Pourcel, 1907, 150 p., Université
d'Aix-Marseille. Faculté de droit d'Aix. Ed.;
nationale de France, Notice n° : FRBNF31900244;
York: Oxford University Press, 2003, lvi, 472 p., see Chapter 9,
CHAWLA, Monica, Criminal attempt
and punishment, New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publ., 2006, xvi, 191
p., ISBN: 8176298158;
title noted in my research but book not consulted; no copy shows up in
AMICUS catalogue of Library and Archives Canada (verification of 13
"CONTENTS:-
Introduction to criminal attempts; Mens rea in criminal
attempt; Actus reus in criminal attempt; Provisions concerning criminal
attempt under the Indian penal code and other criminal acts; Provision
of criminal attempt under other legal systems; Criminal attempt to
commit impossible offences; Quantum of punishment for criminal attempt;
Table of cases; Bibliography; Index." (source: http://www.saujanyabooks.com/BookDetail.asp?BookCode=30215,
accessed on 13 July 2006) CHEMLI, Walid, La théorie générale du
d'exécution et son application en droit pénal tunisien,
Perpignan : Faculté pluridisciplinaire des sciences humaines
économiques et sociales, 130 p., Mémoire DEA : Droit,
société, Islam et Afrique francophones : Perpignan :
thèse non consulté; information du catalogue
SystèmeUniversitaire
de documentation (France);
CHRISTIE, Sarah Ann, Inchoate Crimes: Incitement, Conspiracy and
Scottish Criminal Law,
Edinburgh : W. Green/Sweet & Maxwell,
xvii, 214 p., ISBN: 0414013905 (hbk); title noted in my research but
book not consulted; no copy in the Ottawa area libraries covered by the
AMICUS catalogue, Library and Archives Canada (verification of 4 July
2006); copy at McGill University, Nahum Gelber Law Library, KDC 920 I53
C47 2001;
"[Contents]1. Law, Crime and Inchoate
offences -- 2. Incitement to Commit Crime -- 3. Criminal Conspiracies
-- 4. Intentional Aspects of Conspiracy -- 5. Actus Reus in
Attempted Crimes -- 6. Mens Rea in Attempted Crimes -- 7. The
Possibility of Impossible Attempts -- 8. The Justification of
Punishment -- 9. The Way Forward. (Source: AMICUS cataloge, Library and
Archives Canada)"
(1) Whoever intentionally commences to
execute a criminal offense but does not consummate it shall be punished
for the attempt only of a criminal offense for which a punishment of
five years of imprisonment or a more serious penalty is prescribed by
law, while the attempt of another criminal offense is punishable
only if the law expressly provides for the punishment for an attempt.
(2) The perpetrator who attempts to
commit a criminal offense shall be punished as if the offense had been
completed, but the punishment can also be mitigated.
(3) If the perpetrator attempts to
commit a criminal offense by means that are inappropriate to accomplish
the ends sought, or against an object upon which a criminal offense
could not have been committed, the court may remit the punishment.
(1) If the perpetrator voluntarily
abandons the execution of a punishable attempt, the court may remit the
(2) The perpetrator abandons the
execution of a punishable attempt if he voluntarily interrupts further
execution of a commenced criminal offense, aware that, according to all
circumstances, he could have completed the act, or, if after the
completion of such an act, he prevents the occurrence of consequences."
DALIGNY, Maurice-Parfait, Essai
sur les principes de législation pénale en
matière de tentative de crime et de délit, Paris:
Warée, 1826, 30 p.; titre noté dans mes recherches mais
document non consulté (source http://www.criminocorpus.cnrs.fr/article.php3?id_article=30,
site visité le 25 août 2007); DALLOZ, M.D. aîné et par M. Armand Dalloz ; avec la
plusieurs jurisconsultes, Jurisprudence
administratif, de droit des gens et de droit public, Nouvelle
générale du droit français, Paris, Bureau
générale, tome 44, 1ère partie, et voir
"Tentative", aux pp. 249-281; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=kFoDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=mittermaier+h%C3%A9lie+criminel&lr=lang_fr&as_brr=1#PPP9,M1
et http://books.google.com/books?id=kFoDAAAAQAAJ&dq=mittermaier+h%C3%A9lie+criminel&lr=lang_fr&as_brr=1
(vérifiés le 20 janvier 2008);
DOROBANTZOU, Basile Ile, De la tentative, spécialement
dans le droit roumain, thèse pour le doctorat,
de droit, Université de Paris, 1907; informations du catalogue
Bibliothèque nationale de France, Notice n° : FRBNF30350031;
DUBBER, Dirk, "Commentary" in Don Stuart, 1943-, R.J.
and Allan Manson, eds., Towards a Clear and Just Criminal Law: A
Reports Forum, Scarborough (Ontario): Carswell, Thomson
Publishing, 1999, v, 574 p., at pp. 156-182, ISBN: 045927077X; ResearchNote
: commentary on Don Stuart's article "A Case for a General Part",infra
DUFF, R.A., 1945-, Criminal Attempts, New York: Clarendon
1996, xxvii, 420 p., (series; [Oxford monographs incriminal
law and justice]), ISBN: 019826268X;
limited preview available at http://books.google.com/books?id=CU6YUxdz2vQC&pg=PR20&dq=%22rethinking+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=0&sig=IKaDolX_BF2LmO7M1UTffeO3sUU#PPP1,M1
http://books.google.com/books?id=CU6YUxdz2vQC&dq=%22rethinking+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=0&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 (accessed
__________Intention, Agency & Criminal Liability:
Philosophy of Action and the Criminal Law, Cambridge, Mass. and Oxford,
U.K.:Basil
Blackwell, 1990, xii, 219 p., see on criminal attempts, pp.180-206,
(Series; Philosophical introductions), ISBN: 063115311X and 0631153128
DUFRÈCHE, A., Droit romain: Des risques dans les
contrats. Droit francais: De la tentative en matière criminelle et
correctionnelle, Paris: Imprimerie de la H. Jouve, 1889, 99 p., thèse pour
le doctorat; information de la Bibliothèque nationale de
France,notice
n° : FRBNF30368987; also copy at Harvard University;
ESCOFFIER, Amédée, De l'élément
dans la tentative, Lyon : imprimerie de Waltener, 1899, 138 p.,
pour le doctorat, Université de Lyon. Faculté de
Ed.; information de la Bibliothèque nationale de la France,
n° : FRBNF30405452;
FAUCONNET, Paul, 1874-1938, La responsabilité :
sociologique), disponibkle à disponible
à http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5789159n.r=.langEN
(vérifié le 5 septembre 2010); (vérifié
le 5 septembre 2010);
J. P. Aillaud, 1840, 3 tomes.; translated by J. A. Gauvin Gallois;
.-t.1. Éloge de Filangieri. Des règles
de la science de la législation. Des lois politiques et
Des lois criminelles. 1. tie.- t.2. Des lois criminelles. 2. ptie. Des
lois relatives à l'éducation, aux moeurs, et à
publique. 1-2. ptie.- t.3. Suite du précédent. 3. ptie.
lois qui concernent la religion. Opuscules inédits. Commentaire
sur l'ouvrage de Filangieri, par Benjamin Constant.copie à la
du Parlement, Ottawa, JC 183 F54;
"Mais, dira-t-on, est-ce l'acte qui renferme une
de la loi, ou l'acte qui manifeste la volonté de la violer, que
la loi doit punir? Une simple tentative, un effort peut-il
la même peine qu'un délit déjà
consommé? Telles sont les questions qui ont divisé les jurisconsultes et
législateurs (3) : c'est par les principes éternels de la
justice et de la raison que je vais les résoudre; je ne ferai
suivre les principes établis ci-dessus. [...] ------ (3) Voyez les opinions contraires de Binkershoek, et de Cujas, sur
la loi 14, ff. ad leg. Cornel. de sicar., qui dit : Inmaleficiis
voluntas spectatur, non exitus. Binkershoek, Observ.,
lib. III, cap. 10; et Cujas, Observ., lib. XIX, cap. 10." (Tome II, livre troisième, chapitre XIII, "Du délit en
général", p. 72)
FITZGERALD, P.J., Criminal law and
punishment, Oxford:
Press, 1962, xi, 278 p., see "Attempts to commit crimes" at pp. 98-101;
FLETCHER, George, P., Rethinking Criminal Law, Boston:
Little, Brown, 1978, xxviii, 898 p., see on "Atempts", pp. 131-197;
___________Basic Principles of Criminal Law, New York and
Oxford University Press, 1998, xi, 223 p., see Chapter 10, "Attempts
Completed Offences" at pp. 171-187, ISBN: 019512708 and 0195121716
(pbk.); FRANCE, Code pénal, article 132-78 /Penal Code, section 132-78
"Article 132-78
La personne qui a tenté de
commettre un crime ou un délit est, dans
les cas prévus par la loi, exempte de peine si, ayant averti
administrative ou judiciaire, elle a permis d'éviter la
l'infraction et, le cas échéant, d'identifier les autres
auteurs ou
Dans les cas prévus par la loi,
privative de liberté encourue par une personne ayant commis un
un délit est réduite si, ayant averti l'autorité
judiciaire, elle a permis de faire cesser l'infraction, d'éviter
l'infraction ne produise un dommage ou d'identifier les autres auteurs
précédent sont
également applicables lorsque la personne a permis soit
réalisation d'une infraction connexe de même nature que le
crime ou le
délit pour lequel elle était poursuivie, soit de faire
cesser une telle
infraction, d'éviter qu'elle ne produise un dommage ou d'en
les auteurs ou complices.
Aucune condamnation ne peut être
prononcée sur le seul fondement de déclarations
émanant de personnes
ayant fait l'objet des dispositions du présent article."
source: http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/WAspad/RechercheSimpleArticleCode)
GALLET, Henri, La notion de la tentative punissable (essai
critique), Paris: Rousseau, 1898, xxvii, 363 p., thèse pour
le doctorat, Université de Caen, Faculté de droit;
du catalogue de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, Notice
FRBNF30476961;
[c1914], xl, 478 p., see "§ 8. Criminal Attempt", at pp. 308-321
Patterson Smith reprint series in criminology, law enforcement, and
problems. Publication no. 12); copy at Ottawa University, FTX General,
HV 6038 .G35 1968;
GARRAUD, R. (René), 1849-, Précis de droit
contenant l'explication élémentaire de la partie
du Code pénal, du Code d'instruction criminelle, et des lois qui
ont modifié ces deux codes, par R. Garraud ..., 15.
refondue et mise au courant, par Pierre Garraud ..., Paris, Librairie
Recueil Sirey (société anonyme) 1934, xxi p. 1 l., 1210
voir l'extrait sur la tentative aux pp. 194 et suivantes
par le professeur Doucet à http://ledroitcriminel.free.fr/morceaux_choisis/la_loi_penale/garraud_tentative.htm
(visionné le 8 février 2003);
criminel romain: contribution à l'étude de la
341 p., thèse de droit, Lyon , 1968; informations provenant du
de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, Notice n°:
FRBNF33023114;
droit pénal, Paris 2, 1984, 163 p.; publié à :
3: ANRT, 2 microfiches;
de droit Staempfli), ISBN: 372720978X;okokokokokok
"Toute infraction porte par
définition atteinte à un intérêt
pénalement protégé; cette atteinte (Rechtsgutverletzung) ne doit pas
être considérée comme un 'résultat' [...]
La majorité des incriminations visent une atteinte effective
à un bien juridique: le meurtrier détruit une vie [...]
Plus la valeur d'un bien juridique est élevée, plus est
protection dont il jouit. Aussi la loi réprime-t-elle
souvent, par le
biais de ces 'délits-obstacles' que sont les infractions de mise
danger (Gefährdungsdelikte),
la création d'un risque de lésion pour les
intérêts les plus précieux,
notamment la vie et l'intégrité corporelle. Il
s'agit donc alors
d'intervenir pénalement avant qu'une atteinte effective
survienne, de
manière à l'empêcher si possible; la
répression de la tentative (art.
21 [du Code pénal suisse],
de certains actes préparatoires [...] obéit d'ailleurs
à des considérations comparables [...]" (pp. 82 et 84)
GREAVES, Charles Sprengel, 1801-1881, et al., The criminal law
acts, with notes of the cases decided on their construction, by Edward
W. Cox and Thomas William Saunders, 3rd ed., containing ... The
of punishment, by E.W. Cox; The law of arrests without a warrent, and
law as to attempts to commit crimes, by C.S. Greaves; A table of
crimes and their punishments, by H.F. Purcell, London, Law Times
1870, clv, 504 p.; text not consulted; rare book;
HASNAS, John, 1953-, Attempting the Impossible The Conditions
Culpability, Ph.D,., Duke University, 1988, 399 p., call number:
Ph.D.H352A
1988, Perkins Library, Duke University;
HOLMES, Oliver Wendell, The Common Law, Boston: Little,
Brown,1881
(56th printing, year?), xvi, 422, see Lecture II, "The Criminal
Law", pp. 39-76 and more particularly pp. 65-70 for discussion on attempts;
Law Lectures - 1902); see Lecture 3: "Inchoate Crimes - Attempts", at
46-87; - Table of Contents,
HUSTIN-DENIES, Nathalie et Dean Spielmann, L'infraction
en droit pénal comparé, Bruxelles: Bruylant, 1997,
p. (Collection; Université Catholique de Louvain, Faculté
de droit), ISBN: 2802710710; touche au droit de l'Angleterre, France,
Belgique, Allemagne, Italie et Espagne;
IRELAND, Law
Reform Commission, Inchoate Offences, Dublin : Law Reform
CP -- 2008); available at http://www.lawreform.ie/publications/InchoateCP%20online.pdf (accessed on 29 February 2008); part deals with incitement;
___________Report
Offences, Dublin : Law Reform
Commission, 2010, (series; LRC 99 -- 2010);
available at http://www.lawreform.ie/_fileupload/Reports/r99InchoateOffences.pdf
(accessed on 28 December 2010);
JENSEN, O.G. (Otto Christian), The nature of legal argument,
: Blackwell, 1957, xv, 166 p., see Part III, "Attempt", at pp. 127-166;
copy at the University of Ottawa, FTX General, K 212 .J46 1957;
1982, xiii, 573 p., at pp. 453-478, and see "Criminal Attempt (Section
1001)" at pp. 469-471, ISBN: 0837707412; copy of the book at the
of the Supreme Court of Canada, KNC 79 K56 1982;
l'ancien droit (XVIe - XVIIIe siècle), Paris : Librairie
de droit et de jurisprudence, 1970, xii, 366 p. (Collection;
d'histoire du droit et droit romain; tomeXVII), voir sur la tentative,
les pp. 127-163; note de recherche:
contribution au sujet;
LAUD-HAMMOND, Archibald and Nil Maatei, Legal and Moral Problems
in Criminal Attempts, Ph.D. thesis, University of Virginia, 1988,
262 p., call number: Diss. Phil. 1988 .L38, University of Virginia
THE LAW COMMISSION, Attempt, and Impossibility in Relation to
Conspiracy and Incitement, London: Her Majesty's Stationery
Office,1980,
v, 107 p., (series; Report; 102), ISBN: 0102646805;
___________Conspiracy and Attempt:
A Consultation Paper, [London: Her Majesty's Stationery
Office, 2007, xi, 276 p., (series; Consultation paper; 183);
available at http://www.lawcom.gov.uk/docs/cp183_web.pdf (accessed on 13 October 2007);
"Codification of the General Principles of Criminal
Law We are revisiting Part 1 of the Draft Criminal Code of 1989, and are
focusing therefore on the elements of: proof; external elements of
(including causation), fault; defences, incapacity and mental disorder,
and inchoate offences. We hope to publish a report by the end of
2004. (source: http://www.lawcom.gov.uk/74.htm,
___________ Inchoate Offences. Conspiracy, Attempt and
5 June 1973, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1973, xiii,
p., ISBN: 0117300810 (series; Working Paper; number 50);
(accessed on 4 December 2006); LAW REFORM COMMISSION OF HONG KONG, Report on codification : the
preliminary offences of incitement, conspiracy and attempt (Topic
26)/ Preliminary offences of incitement, conspiracy and attempt, [Hong
: Law Reform Commission of Hong Kong, 1994, 79 p.(series; topic 26);
at http://www.hkreform.gov.hk/reports/rcodification-e.pdf
(accessed on 31 July 2005);
LAWSON, John Davison, 1852-1921, The
adjudged cases on defences to crimes, San Francisco: Summer
Whitney, 1885, vol. 3; reprint in 19th-century legal treatises
; no. 45567-45625; copy at the Library of the Supreme Court of Canada;
available at http://books.google.com/books?id=-xM-AAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:defences+inauthor:lawson&lr=&as_brr=0#PPA408,M1
(accessed on 14 September 2008);
LAZEU DE PEYRALADE, B., De Furtis?, en droit romain. De la
Tentative, en droit français, Toulouse : imprimerie de
Douladoure,1876,
181 p., Faculté de droit de Toulouse. Ed., Thèse pourle
Faculté de droit de Toulouse, catalogue de la
de France, Notice n° : FRBNF30757823;
LÉCHOT, Roland, De la tentative, spécialement
travaux préparatoires du CPS [Code pénal suisse] et
sa pénalité dans le CPS, Genève, 1947, 95
thèse de droit, Berne, 1946; informations de RERO,
Réseau des bibliothèques romandes et tessinoises, en
à http://www.rero.ch/; LEGEAIS, Raymond, Les grands
"La tentaive" aux pp. 339-340, SBN: 2711004368; copie à l'Université d'Ottawa, FTX General,
LEVENBROOK, Barbara Baum, 1949-, Criminal Attempts: A
Analysis, Ph.D. thesis, The University of Arizona, 1977, viii, 346
pp., call number E9791 1977 82, The University of Arizona
LEVY, Ken, "The Solution to the Problem of Outcome Luck: Why Harm is
Just as Punishable as the Wrongful Action That Causes It", (2005)
24 Law and Philosophy 263–303;
LUDT, Henri, Le délit impossible, Mémoire de
: Sc. criminelles : Poitiers : 1972, 106 p.; document non
MARÉCHAL, Jean-Yves, Essai sur le résultat dans la
théorie de l'infraction pénale, Thèse
: DROIT PENAL : LILLE 2 : 1999, 587 p.; directeur de thèse:
Prothais et voir Protais, infra; thèse non
Les incertitudes qui entourent la notion de
dans la théorie de l'infraction pénale n'empêchent
pas la doctrine et la jurisprudence de l'utiliser dans plusieurs
fondamentaux, tels celui de la détermination de la consommation
et de la tentative de l'infraction ou encore celui de la faute
intentionnelle ou non. La recherche de la définition
du résultat ainsi que de son rôle au sein de l'infraction
a été menée dans le but d'établir une
théorique harmonieuse et en adéquation avec le droit
tel qu'il est appliqué par les tribunaux. Il était
nécessaire, tout d'abord, de déterminer la signification
de la notion de résultat. Au vu de l'ensemble des
soutenues antérieurement, la définition
s'articule en deux propositions complémentaires: le
consiste en une atteinte, concrète ou abstraite, à un
juridique protégé par la loi pénale, qui constitue
l'effet ou la conséquence des actes d'exécution de
l'infraction. Ainsi précisé, le résultat peut être
avec une grande certitude au sein des différentes composantes
de celle-ci. Un rôle est souvent attribué au
lorsqu'il s'agit de décrire l'élément objectif de
l'infraction ou les diverses modalités de la faute
pénale. L'étude de ces questions a conduit à critiquer de
conceptions fort répandues en doctrine, en matière de
par exemple. En revanche la prise en compte du résultat
beaucoup d'intérêt pour la classification des infractions
et permet notamment de déterminer précisément la
de délit de mise en danger, s'agissant du rôle du
dans la définition de l'élément intellectuel de
il est manifestement surévalué en matière
d'intention,
cette dernière notion se rattachant bien davantage à la
qu'au résultat, alors que l'importance théorique de
pour éclairer la faute d'imprudence s'avère
(source: Source universitaire de documentation, catalogue Abes;
à http://www.sudoc.abes.fr/);
__________ Essai sur le résultat dans la théorie
de l'infraction pénale...préface de Alain Prothais,
; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2003, 559 p., ISBN: 2747545490;
Lille 2 : 1999; titre noté dans mes recherches mais livre non
aucune copie de ce livre dans les bibliothèques comprises dans
catalogue AMICUS de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
du 15 avril 2005);
MARTINET, Camille, [Droit romain : ?de furtis?. Droit
: de la tentative en matière criminelle et correctionnelle], Paris : imprimerie de E. Thunot, 1863, v, 183 p., Thèse
pour le doctorat, Faculté de droit de Paris; informations du
de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, Notice n° :
FRBNF30897889; disponible à http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5684860x.r=.langEN (vérifié le 3 septembre 2009);
MATHIS, Stephen Eugene, Criminal attempts and the formal
of criminal liability, Ph.D. thesis Philosophy, University of
Kansas, 1999, viii, 260 p.; text not consulted and the information is
the University of Kansas Libraries;
___________"Criminal Attempts and the Suibjectivism/Objectivism
Debate",
(September 2004) 17(3) Ratio Juris 328-345;
MERCIER, André (Docteur en droit), De la tentative et
du délit impossible : histoire, législations,
Lausanne: Payot, 1901, 86 p.; informations de RERO, le
des bibliothèques romandes et tessinoises, en Suisse à http://www.rero.ch/;
Paris: Cujas, 1997, 1068 p.; voir l'extrait sur la "tentative
infructueuse"
préparé par le professeur Doucet, à http://ledroitcriminel.free.fr/morceaux_choisis/la_loi_penale/vitu_delit_impossible.htm
see "Attempt?", at pp. 293-295, ISBN: 0199271550;
(Lausanne : Imprimerie de la Cité), 192 p., Thèse de
Université de Lausanne, 1990; voir l'article
MEZIANE, Kaddour, La théorie de l'infraction impossible, Mém. de D.E.A. : Sci. crim. Toulouse 1 : 1987, 26 feuilles;
MILLAUD, René, Du principe de l'identité de peine
matière de tentative et d'infraction consommée,
imprimerie de L. Boyer, 1902, 100 p., thèse pour le doctorat,
de droit de l'Université de Paris. Ed.; information du catalogue
de la Bibliothèque de France, notice n° : FRBNF30947323;
MOITESSIER, Pierre, De la Tentative d'escroquerie,
: imprimerie de P. Pourcel, 1907, iv, 147 p., thèse pour le
juridique, Université d'Aix-Marseille. Faculté de
d'Aix-en-Provence. Ed.; informations de la Bibliothèque
France, Notice n° : FRBNF30957248;
NABOKOW, Vladimir, 1869-1922, Rapport de M. Vladimir Nabokow :
congrès international des membres de l'Union internationale de
sur la pénalité de la tentative, St-Petersbourg:
Senatskaia
tip., 1902, 17 p.; copy and information from Harvard University Hollis
NATIONAL COMMISSION ON REFORM OF FEDERAL CRIMINAL LAWS (THE), Final
Report of the National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws -A
Proposed New Federal Criminal Code (Title 18, United States Code),Washington
(D.C.): U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971, xxv, 364 p.,see "§
1001. Criminal Attempt" at pp. 67-68;
NÉGRIÉ, Georges, Le délit impossible, Toulouse, Marqués, 1907, 104 p.; thèse de doctorat,
Université de Toulouse : 1907-1908; thèse non
copie à University of Toronto, John P. Robarts Research Library
(Humanities and Social Sciences);
NEW ZEALAND, Criminal Law Reform Committee, The Law Relating to
Frustation of Attempts by Impossibility, Wellington, New Zealand:
Criminal Law Reform Committee, 1973, 22 p. (series; report);
see "Attempt" at pp. 87-88, ISBN:
OHANA, Daniel, "Desert
and Punishment for Acts Preparatory to
the Commission of a Crime", (January 2007) 20(1)
Jurisprudence 113-142; see
abstract at http://www.law.uwo.ca/info-publications/CJLJfiles/january2007.html
and http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=995505
(accessed on 17 September 2007);
___________"Responding to Acts Preparatory to the Commission of a
Crime: Criminalization or Prevention?", (Summer/Fall 2006) 25(2) Criminal Justice Ethics 23-39;
information on attempt; see http://www.oecd.org/document/24/0,2340,en_2649_34855_1933144_1_1_1_1,00.html
renseignements importants sur la tentative, voir: http://www.oecd.org/document/24/0,2340,fr_2649_34855_2759409_1_1_1_1,00.html
2 Country Reports Bulgaria (June 2003) Finland (May 2002) Germany (June 2003) Iceland (March 2003) United States (October 2002)
Sydney: The Law Book, 1979, xix, 152 p., see Essay IX, "Criminal
in the Griffith Code" at pp. 137-150, ISBN: 0455199558;
PRADEL, Jean, Histoire des doctrines pénales,
édition corrigée, Paris: Presses Universitaires de
1991, 126 p. (Collection; "que sais-je"; numéro 2484), ISBN:
2130432735;
"Le second souffle: F. Gramatica
Ancel. -- Jusqu'à présent, le criminel était quasiment
sur l'autel de l'intérêt général. Là-dessus,
survint le second conflit mondial au cours duquel le mépris de
parvint à des sommets jamais atteints. Aussi, dès
fin des combats, et comme par réaction, une aspiration à
un certain humanisme se fit sentir de tous côtés. Le
courant de défense sociale fut naturellement porté
[...] M. Ancel, au contraire, entend conserver le cadre du droit
point de mesures ante delictum ni de sentences
prononcées par le juge. Il désire seulement
les 'fictions juridiques' comme la présomption de connaissance
la loi, le rejet du mobile, la théorie du délit
impossible. C'est ce qu'il appelle la 'déjudiciarisation' du droit
(pp. 93-94, 1 note d'omise)
PROTHAIS, Alain, Tentative et attentat, Paris: Librairie
de droit et de jurisprudence, 1985, ix, 501 p.
(Collection;Bibliothèque
de sciences criminelles; vol. 24), thèse Lille1981, ISBN:
2275009469;
Chapter 7, "Recklessness and Attempts" at pp. 218-245 (Series;
studiesin philosophy and law), ISBN: 0521584523;
The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995, x, 212 p., see "The actus
reus and attempted crimes" at pp. 17-19 and notes at p. 114,
ISBN:0801853184;
1: Objective Requirements of Attempt" at pp. 14-28 and "Chapter
ROGER, Stéphanie, L'infraction impossible,
de DEA : Droit pénal et sciences pénales / Paris II ;
de 2000, 61 feuilles; texte non consulté;
1937-, compiled by,The Statute of the International Criminal Court :
a documentary history, Ardsley, N.Y. : Transnational Publishers,
xxii, 793 pp., at pp. 385-439, (document number: G.A., 51 st Sess.,
No. 22, A/51/22, 1996), ISBN:1571050957; copy at the Library of
KZ6310 S72 (library Br.B.); available at http://www.npwj.org/iccrome/cdrom/
ROPARS, Frédérique, 1979-, Théorie de la
et répression de l'infraction impossible contre les personnes,
Mémoire DEA : Droit pénal et sciences criminelles:
4 : 2003, 81 feuilles; note catalogue Abès; titre npté
mes recherches mais mémoire non consulté; aucune copie
les bibliothèques canadiennes comprises dans le catalogue AMICUS
de la Bibliothèque nationale du Canada (vérification du
juillet 2004);
SCOTLAND, Scottish Law Commission, Attempted Homicide,
Scottish Law Commission, 1984, 52 p. (series; Consultative
SMITH, K. J. M. (Keith John Michael), Lawyers,
and theorists : developments in English criminal jurisprudence 1800-1957,
Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1998, xxvi,
394 p., (series; Oxford monographs on criminal law and criminal
ISBN: 0198257236; Contents: Table of Cases, xvii-xxvi; Ch. 1,
Observations: Objectives and Limitations, 1-6; Pt. I: 1800-1832, p. 7;
Ch. 2, Legal Theory and Legal Culture, 9-54; Ch. 3, Developments in
Theory, 55-117; Pt. II: 1833-1907, p. 119; Ch. 4, Notions of
Criminal Fault, 121-172; Ch. 5, Objective and Constructive Criminal
173-203; Ch. 6, Excluding the Presumption of Fault: Strict and
Responsibility - Nineteenth-century Developments, 204-217; Ch. 7,
Moral Agency: The Necessary Characteristics of the Criminal Actor,
218-262;
Ch. 8, Attempt: Contracting Consequentialism - Expanding the Notion of
Criminal Harm?, 263-275; Pt. III: 1908-1957, p. 277; Ch. 9, Criminal
279-321; Ch. 10, Moral Agency: The Necessary Characteristics of the
Actor, 322-350; Ch. 11, Attempt: Contracting Consequentialism -
the Notion of Criminal Harm?, 351-360; Ch. 12, Summary Observations and
Speculations: General and Particular, 361-378; Bibliography,
379-386; Index, 387-394;
of the German Criminal Code of 1871 With Amendments, Together with
Important Supplementary Penal Statutes and With the Laws Nos. 1 and11
Proclamation no. 3 of the Control Council for Germany,
: War Deptartment,1946, xx, 276 p., see "Chapter 2 Attempt
-Versuch"
at pp. 32-35 (Series; War Department pamphlet; number 31-122);Notes: At
head of title: "Military government information guide"; copyat Nahum
Law Library, McGill University;
vol. 2, London: MacMillan, 1883, vi, 497, see on attempt, pp. 221-227;
STUART, Don R., A Comparative Study of the Law and Police
in England Relating to the Prosecution of Inchoate and Preventive Crimes, unpublished D. Phil. candidate thesis, Oxford University, 1974, 406, 26
leaves; title noted in my research but thesis not consulted; copy at
of Alberta, Cameron Library, KF 9223 S93 1974;
TABURET, Augustin-Marie, Jus romanum : De Furtis. - Droit
français (Code pénal.) De la Tentative ; du complot et de
l'attentat..., Rennes: impr. de T.
Hauvespre, 1868, 54 p.; Université impériale de France.
Académie de Rennes. -Faculté de droit. Thèse pour
la licence; disponible à http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5661164p.r=.langEN
(vérifié le 24 août 2009); TARDE, Gabriel, 1843-1904, La philosophie pénale,
A. Storck et Paris: G. Masson, 1890, 566 p., voir les pp. 462-465; livre
"Il n'en est pas moins vrai que cette assimilation
de la tentative criminelle au crime achevé répugne au
populaire; et outre la raison que je viens de donner, je crois en
une autre, mais non meilleure. Ce que le sentiment populaire
à la peine, ce n'est pas seulement d'être efficace dans
en prévenant la répétition ultérieure de
puni, c'est encore d'effacer une injustice du passé en
une compensation aux jouissances illicites que le crime a
à son auteur. Aussi, s'inspirant inconsciemment de cet
les juges sont-ils portés, toutes choses égales
à condamner le voleur d'autant plus fort que la somme
est plus élevée, bien que la tentation ait
d'autant plus entrainante, et, au point de vue du libre arbitre, ait
diminuer la culpabilité. Si, le crime ayant avorté,
le criminel n'a pas joui de l'objet de ses convoitises, la peine perd
seconde moitié de son utilité aux yeux de la foule; et
sans doute la raison cachée de la répugnance qu'elle
à voir frapper aussi fort l'auteur de la tentative que l'auteur
de l'acte consommé." (p. 464-465)
Martinus Nijhoff, 2005, xviii, 1542 p., see the index, at pp.
1534-1535,
under "Attempt" where the authors refer to 69 instruments, ISBN:
K5301 A35 I58 2005; YAFFE, Gideon, 1971-, Attempts: in
the philosophy of action and the criminal law, New York : Oxford University Press, 2010, x, 349 p., ISBN:
9780199590667 (hbk.) and 0199590664 (hbk.); copy at Fauteux
Library Branch, University of Ottawa;
xii, 485 p., and see "Inchoate Crimes", pp. 165-170, with
"Attempt", at pp. 168-169 and "Abandonment" at pppp. 169-170,
WHITE, Alan R., Misleading Cases, Oxford: Clarendon
1991, [vi], 144 p., see chapter 2, "Attempting the Impossible", pp.
ISBN: 0198256884; with the same title in R.G. Frey and Christopher W.
eds., Liability and responsibility : essays in law and morals,
[England] ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 1991, x, 430 p. at
65-86, being chapter 3 of the book (Series: Cambridge studies in
and law), ISBN: 0521392160 (hardcover);
(Oregon): Hart Publishing, 2002, ix, 380 p., see Chapter 8, "Criminal
at pp. 225-257, ISBN: 1841130621; copy at the Library of the Supreme
of Canada K5018 W55 2002 c. 01;
ZEMMEL, Mohamed Abbes, La tentative à la lumière
la législation et la jurisprudence pénale arabe,
Mém. DEA : Droit, institutions, société, Islam et
Afrique francophones : Perpignan : 2000, 93 feuilles; information du
catalogue Système universitaire de documentation (France);
ADAMS, David M., "The Problem of the Incomplete Attempt", (1998) 24
Social Theory and Practice 317-343;
ALEXANDER, Larry and Kimberley Ferzan, "When Are Inchoate Crimes
Culpable and Why?", in Anthony Duff and Christoffer Wong,
eds., Foundational Issues in
the Philosophy of Criminal Law, Special Workshop at the 23rd IVR
Congress, 1-6 August 2007, Krakow, Poland, at pp. 3-14;
available at http://cracow.nordstraff.net/omnes_02.pdf
(accessed on 24 February 2008); ALEXANDER, Larry and Kimberly D. Kessler, "Mens Rea and Inchoate
(1997) 87 The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology
1138-1193;
ALEXANDER, Larry, Book Review, "Arthur Ripstein, Equality,
Responsibility, and the Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1999), 368 pp.", (November 2001) 20(6) Law & Philosophy,
see "Manifest Criminality and Attempts: Wrapping an Enigma in a
630-634;
___________"Crime and Culpability", (1994) 5 Journal of
Contemporary Legal Issues 1-30;
___________"Duff on Attempts", in M. Reiff, M. Kramer and C.
Cruft, eds., Crime, Punishment and
Oxford: Ocford University Press, 2011, 408 p., ISBN: 978-0-19-959281-4;
title noted in my research but article not consulted yet, 1 November
2011; ___________"The Philosophy of Criminal Law" in Jules L. Coleman and
Scott Shapiro, eds., and associate editor, Kenneth Einar Himma, The
Oxford handbook of jurisprudence and philosophy of law, New
Oxford University Press, c2002, x, 1050 p., at pp. 815-867; on attempt,
see pp. 832-841, ISBN: 0198298242;
___________"Unknowingly Justified Actors and the Attempt/Sucess
Distinction", (Summer 2004) 38(4) Tulsa Law Review 851-859;
ALEXIADIS, Peter, "The Impossibility of Performance in Criminal Law:
English and Australian Efforts to Tackle the Problem", (1980-82) 9
Sydney Law Review 477-496;
(1999) 10(1) Criminal Law Forum 1-32, and see "Attempt and
at pp. 14-16;
Annotation, "What Conduct Amounts to an Overt Act or Acts Done Toward
Commission of Larceny so as to Sustain Charge of Attempt to Commit
Larceny", (1977) 76 ALR3d
842-879, and see also 76 ALR3d Supplement, June 2006, pp. 113-116; ANTONIU, G., "Tentative et désistement en cas de
pénale"(1986) 30 Sciences juridiques/Legal Sciences
Romanian Law Review; Index of Foreign periodicals; titre noté
AMICUS, de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada; copie à
McGill, Bibliothèque de droit Nahum Gelber/McGill University,
Gelber Law Library; ARENSON, Kenneth J., "The Pitfalls in the Law of Attempt: A New
Perspective", (April 2005) 69(2) The
Journal of Criminal Law 146-167; copy at the University of
Ottawa, FTX Periodicals, KD 7862 .J653;
ARNOLD, Thurman W., "Criminal Attempts - The Rise and Fall of an
Abstraction", (1930-31) 40 Yale Law Journal 53-80;
ASHWORTH, Andrew , "Belief, Intent and Criminal Liability", in John Eekelaar & John Bell, eds., Oxford Essays in
JurisprudenceThird
Series , Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987, 267 p. at pp.
1-31, ISBN: 0198255071;
___________"Criminal Attempts and the Role of Resulting Harm, Under
the Code, and in the Common Law", (1987-88) 19 Rutgers Law Journal 725-772;
___________"The Criminal Law Ambivalence about Outcomes", in M.
Reiff, M. Kramer and C. Cruft, eds., Crime,
Punishment and Responsibility,
2011; ___________"Defining Criminal Offences without Harm" in P. Smith,
Law: Essays in Honour of J.C. Smith, London: Butterworths, 1987,
234 p. at pp. 7-23, ISBN: 0406501106;
___________"The Draft Code, Complicity and the Inchoate
Offences", [1986] Criminal Law Review 303-314;
___________"Taking the Consequences", in Stephen Shute, John
Gardner and Jeremy Horder, eds., Action and Value in Criminal Law,
Oxford:Clarendon
Press, 1993, [x], 314 p., at pp. 107-124, ISBN: 0198258062 and
"Paragraphe 9. Tentative
9.0. Une personne commet une tentative
si, dans l'intention de commettre une infraction spécifique,
elle se livre à un comportement non équivoque et direct
qui forme une étape substantielle vers la commission de cette
infraction et qui, s'il n'y avait pas eu un événement
fortuit ou une erreur de l'auteur, aurait abouti à
l'accomplissement du crime." (source: http://www.penal.org/pdf/livr-annexe-11.pdf
"[Recent Decisions] Attempt-Overt Act Constituting", (1924) 24
Columbia Law Review 790; no author cited and one page only;
"Attempting the Impossible" (1978) 142 Justice of the Peace
396-398;
AZIZ, Davinia Filza Abdul , "Punishment as Response to Harm: Why the
Attempt Warrants Lesser Punishment Than the Completed Crime", (2002) Singapore
Journal of Legal Studies 604-616;
pp. 75-89, et voir "Tentative", aux pp. 86-89 (series; Schriftenreihe
Europäischen Rechtsakademie Trier ; Bd. 36 = Serie de publications
de l'Academie de Droit Europeen de Treves; Bd.36 = Series of
by the Academy of European Law Trier; Bd. 36), ISBN: 3898173658; copy
the University of Ottawa, FTX General, KJE 8643 .E55 2004; note: touche
aux droits de la Bulgarie, Estonie, Hongrie, Lituanie, Pologne,
Slovaquie, Slovénie et de la R.publique tchèque; contribution
BATEY, Robert, "Minority Report and the Law of Attempt",
State Journal of Criminal Law 689-698; availbale at http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/osjcl/issue2_articles/Batey.pdf
(accessed on 5 Septmber 2004);
BAYLES, Michael D., "Punishment for Attempts", (1982) 8 Social
Theory and Practice 21-29;
BEALE, J.H., "Criminal Attempts", (1902-03) 16 Harvard Law
Review 491-507;
BECKER, Lawrence C., "Criminal Attempt and the Theory of the Law of
Crimes", (1973-74) 3 Philosophy & Public Affairs
262-294;
BEIN, Dan, "The 'Completed Offence' and the Attempt - Some
Problems in Criminal Law Interpretation", (1969) 4 Israel Law Review 216-228;
___________"Preparatory Offences", (1993) 27 Israel Law Review185-212;
BELL, Linda P., Comment, Criminally Attempting the Medically
(1994-95) 20 Thurgood Marshall Law Review 243-267;
BELLO, Christopher, Annotation, "Construction and application of
state statute governing impossibility of consummation as defense to
for attempt to commit crime", (1985) 41 A.L.R. (4th) 588-601
with ALR4th Supplement, August 2005,
at pp. 125-126;;
BEN-SHAHAR, Omri and Alon Harel, "The Economics of the Law of
Attempts: A Victim - Centered Perspective", (1996-97) 145 University
of Pennsylvania Law Review 299-351;
BENNION, Francis, "Framing the Crime of Attempt", (1980) 130 New
Law Journal 725-726 (issue of 14 August 1980);
BENTIL, John K., "Criminal Attempt", (1974) 118 Solicitors'
Journal 710-712 (issue of 18 October 1974);
BERNARD, Maurice, "Notes sur le crime impossible", (1902) 26 Revue
pénitentiaire et de droit pénal 1006; titre
BESSON, André, "Le délit impossible", (1929) Revue
critique de législation 332-373; copie à la
BIERSCHBACH, Richard A. and Alex Stein, "Mediating Rules in
Criminal Law", (September 2007) 93(5) Virginia Law Review 1197-1258, and
see "Preparation Versus Attempt", at pp. 1234-1241; available
at http://www.virginialawreview.org/content/pdfs/93/1197.pdf
(accessed 16 March 2008); BLOSS, William P., "Attempted and Incomplete Offences", in Richard
Wright and J. Mitchell Miller, eds., Encyclopedia of Criminology, Scarborough : Routledge/Taylor & Francis, 2004, vol. 1, at pp.
77-78;
BLOUSTEIN, Edward J., "Criminal Attempts and the 'Clear and Present
Danger' Theory of the First Amendment", (1988-89) 74 Cornell Law
1118-1150;
BLUMOFF, Theodore, "A Jurisprudence for Punishing Attempts
Asymmetrically",
(2003) 6(2) Buffalo Criminal Law Review 951-1010; available at http://wings.buffalo.edu/law/bclc/bclrarticles/6/2/blumoff.pdf
(accessed on 21 March 2004);
BODSON, P.L.
, Bibliographie, "TENTATIVE ET ATTENTAT par Alain Prothais, Paris,
Librarie générale de droit et de jurisprudence, 1985 (501
p.)", (1986) 66(12) Revue de droit
pénal et de criminologie 978-982; copie à
d'Ottawa, FTX Periodicals, K 21 .D725; BOHLANDER, Michael, "Federal Court of Justice of Germany (Ordinary
Jurisdiction) (Bundesgerichtshof
-- BGH), 1st Criminal Senate. Attempts: Withdrawal Case No.
1 StR 503/04, 14 June 2005", (April 2006) 70(2) The Journal of Criminal Law 135-138;
BORATYNSKI, Comte, "Étude sur le Code pénal de
d'Allemagne",
- (juillet-décembre 1874) 38 Revue pratique de droit français
jurisprudence, doctrine, législation 274-309, et voir les
pp. 274-280 sur la tentative; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=mSYaAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:0IAq6jUNbn-FJ0#PRA1-PA274,M1
(vérifié le 30 mars 2009); BRADY, James, "Punishing Attempts", (1980) 63 The
246-257;
BRAZIER, Rodney, "Reformulation of Criminal Attempts", (1974) 37
Modern Law Review 329-335;
BROADIE, Frederick, "Trying and Doing", (1965-66) 66 Proceedings
of the Aristotelian Society 27-40;
BRODIE, Kyle S., "The Obviously Impossible Attempt: A Proposed
to the Model Penal Code", (1994-95) 15 Northen Illinois University
Review 237-256;
BURKHARDT, Björn., "Is There a Rational Justification for
An Accomplished Crime More Severely Than an Attempted Crime?", [1986] BrighamYoung
University Law Review 553- 571; important
paper on the subject;
available at http://lawreview.byu.edu/archives/1986/3/bur.pdf
(accessed on 24 March 2008);
BURCHELL, E.M., "[Recent Cases] Attempt to Commit the Impossible"],
(1956) 73 South African Law Journal 361-365;
BURGER, Deanna, Notes and Comments, "Criminal Law: Impossibility of
Criminal Attempt", (1960) 13 Oklahoma
Law Review 61-64; BUXTON, Richard, "Circumstances, Consequences and Attempted Rape",
Law Review 25-34;
___________ "The Working Paper on Inchoate Offences: (1) Incitement
and Attempt", [1973] Criminal Law Review 656-673;
CAHILL, Michael T., "Attempt by Omission", (2009) 94 Iowa Law
Review; Brooklyn Law School, Legal Studies Paper No.
128. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1333205; see http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1333205
(accessed on 31 January 2009);
___________ "Attempt, Reckless Homicide, and the Structure of
Criminal Law", 2006, Brooklyn law School, Legal Studies Paper No. 56;
available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=894379 (accessed on 3 April 2006); CABATUANDO, J.R., "Should Impossible Crimes be Punished"
(1933) 13 Philippine Law Journal 18; copy at the Library of the
Supreme Court of Canada, microfilm; not consulted yet;
CARR, Charles R., "Punishing Attempts", (1981) 62 Pacific
Quarterly 61-68;
CATHALA, Fernand, "La tentative de vol", (mars-avril 1962)
numéro 42 Revue de la
sûreté nationale 5-15.; titre noté dans mes
recherches mais
site visité le 25 août 2007); CHAMPCOMMUNAL, J., "Étude critique de législation
sur la tentative", (1895) 24 Revue critique de
et de jurisprudence 41-62 et 94-114; copie de cette publication
CHAN, Wing-Cheong, "Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy and
Attempt", in Wing-Cheong
379 p., at pp.129 to approx. 154; ISBN: 9781409424420 (hardback); title
article not consulted yet (7 November 2011); CHATURVEDI, M.D., "The concept of criminal attempt", in K.D. Gaur,
1937-, ed., Criminal Law and
Criminology, New Delhi, Deep & Deep, 2002, xx,
955 p., ISBN: 8176294101; title noted in my research but article not
consulted; no copy of this book shows up in the AMICUS catalogue of
Library and Archives Canada (verification of 14 July 2006);
CHAUVEAU et Hélie, "De la tentative [extrait du livre Théorie du Code pénal]",
(1837) tome 3, 3e année Revue
d'éconimie politique 30-156; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=2tgDAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:0BWkPvYxKw0TRpDe#PPA156,M1
(vérifié le 16 novembre 2007); CHIAO, Vincent, "Intention and Attempt", September 27, 2009,
forthcoming in Criminal
Law and Philosophy, available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1479325
(accessed on 1 October 2009);
CHRISTIE, Sarah Ann, "Impossible Attempts -- Settled at Last",
1997) 42(4) The Journal
of the Law Society of Scotland 157-158 and 161;
case of Docherty v Brown 1996 SCCR 136; 1996 SLT 325; copy at the
Library of the Supreme Court of Canada;
CHRISTOPHER, Russell L., "Control and Desert: A Comment on Moore's
of Attempts", (1994) 5 Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues
111-115;
___________"Does Attempted Murder Deserve Greater Punishment than
Murder? Moral Luck and the Duty to Prevent Harm", (2004) 18(2)
of Law, Ethics and Public Policy 419-435; copy at Ottawa
__________"Tripartite Structures of Criminal
Law in Germany and Other Civil Law Jurisdictions", (May 2007) 28(6) Cardozo Law Review 2675 to approx.
2696; draft paper is available at http://fletchersgrammar.com/speakersfromtheus.html (accessed on 19 July 2007); "Code pénal européen", [2003] Revue
et de droit pénal 289-308;
COHEN, Michael, "The Law Commission Report on Attempt and
in Relation to Attempt, Conspiracy and Incitement. (2) Questions of
Impossibility", [1980] Criminal Law Review 773-779;
___________"Letter to the Editor: Framing the Crime of
Attempt", (1980) 130 New Law Journal 1102 (issue of 20 November
# 5977);
vol., at vol. 13, pp. 222-228, and see "Attempts and Inchoate
Offenses",
at p. 224; note: the article is signed "H.H.C."; copy at the University
COLE, Kevin, "TheVoodoo We Do: Harm, Impossibility, and the
Impulse", (1994) 5 Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues 31-64;
COMBALDIEU, R., "Le problème de la tentative de
ou le hasard peut-il être arbitre de la répression?",
14 Revue de science criminelle et de droit pénal
454-458;
CONDE, Francisco Munoz, "'Rethinking' the Universal Structure of
Law", (Summer 2004) 39(4) Tulsa Law Review 941-953;
CORBOZ, Bernard, "Éditorial: Les actes préparatoires",
(1982) 35 Revue internationale de criminologie et de police
"Article 11 bis – Tentative (article
Est punissable la tentative des infractions visées aux
1 à 3 et 5 à 8, ainsi que la participation à la
La peine appliquée à la tentative sera réduite aux
trois quarts de la peine encourue (article 14) pour le délit
consommé; Est coupable de tentative celui qui, dans l’intention de
des intractions visées aux articles 1 à 3 et 5 à
commet un acte qui constitue le début de la commission de
l’infraction; N’est pas punissable celui qui a tenté de commettre un
s’il s’est volontairement désisté de l’accomplissement de
celui-ci ou s’il en a volontairement empêché
Si l’infraction n’est pas accomplie pour d’autres motifs, il suffit
que la peine ne soit pas encourue qu’une personne ait volontairement et
sérieusement essayé de se désister de
ou d’en empêcher l’accomplissement." (disponible à http://www2.law.uu.nl/wiarda/corpus/art-frans.pdf,
"Article 11bis – Criminal attempts (new article)
Attempts to commit an offence under Articles 1 to 3 and 5 to
participation in such an attempt (Article 11), are punishable. The
penalty is three quarters of the penalty applicable, under Article 14,
to the completed offence. A person is guilty of a criminal attempt if, with intent to
offence under Articles 1 to 3 and 5 to 8, he performs an act which
the commencement of the commission of a criminal offence. A person who has attempted to commit an offence shall not be
if he voluntarily desists from completion or voluntarily forestalls
If the offence is not completed for other reasons, it is sufficient
the person voluntarily and seriously tries to desist from completion or to forestall
(available at http://www2.law.uu.nl/wiarda/corpus/art-eng.pdf,
COWLEY, David, "Attempt and Impossibility Re-considered: R. v.
Shivpuri"; (1986) 50 Journal of Criminal Law 370-374;
___________"Attempt - The Problem of Proximity: R. v. Widdowson",
51 Journal of Criminal Law 25-28;
___________"Incitement and Impossibility", (1983) 47 Journal
of Criminal Law 30-32;
CRAWFORD, Stanley E., "Criminal Law - Attempt - Rejection of the
of Legal Impossibility and Adoption of a New
Test. United States v. Oviedo", 525 F.2d 881 (5th
1976)", (1976) 4 American Journal of Criminal Law
317-333;
CREW, Michael H., "Note. Should Voluntary Abandonment Be
a Defence to Attempted Crime?", (1988-89) 26 American Criminal
Review 441-461;
"Criminal Law: Attempts (The Proximity Rule)", (1955) New
Law Journal 33--36;
"Criminal Law Notebook: Attempt", (1967) 101 Irish Law Times
and Solicitors' Journal 243-244;
"Criminal Law Notebook: Inchoate Crimes - Attempt", (1968) 102 Irish
Law Times and Solicitors' Journal 364 (1 p. only);
CROCKER, Lawrence, "Justice in Criminal Liability: Decriminalizing
Attempts", (1992) 53 Ohio State Law Journal 1057-1110;
THE CROWN PROSECUTION SERVICE, "Inchoate Offences", http://www.cps.gov.uk/legal/section12/chapter_h.html
CRYER, Robert, "Attempt" in Dinah L. Shelton, editor in
of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, Vol. 1, Detroit: Macmillan
Reference USA, 2005, at pp. 95-96, ISBN: 0028658477 (set),
0028658485
(v. 1), 0028658493 (v. 2) and 0028658507 (v. 3); copy at
University Saint Paul Library - Reference REF HV 6322.7 E53S44
2005; copy at the Library of the Supreme Court of Canada, Reference;
___________"General Principles of Liability in International
Law", in Dominic McGoldrick, Peter Rowe, and Eric Donnelly, eds., The
Permanent International Criminal Court: Legal and Policy Issues,
(England)/Portland (Oregon): Hart Publishing, xviii, 498 p., at pp.
233-262,
and see "Attempts", at pp. 253-254 (series; Studies in International
volume 5), ISBN: 1841132810; copy at the Library of the Supreme Court
Canada, KZ 6310 P47 2004;
CRYSTAL-KIRK, David, "The Actus Reus in Attempted Crimes", (1986) 150
Justice of the Peace 68-72 (issue of 1 February 1986);
___________"In Two Minds", (1986) 20 The Law Teacher 176-179;
CULVER, Keith, "Analyzing Criminal Attempts: Critical Notice: Criminal
Attempts by R.A. Duff", (1998) 11 Canadian Journal of Law and
441-456; book review;
CURRAN, John W., "Criminal and Non-Criminal Attempts", (1930-31)
19 Georgetown Law Journal 185-202 and 316-337; notes: Part I
the title: "The Law Today and the Historical Development Before the
Century". Part II has the title: "The Historical Development from
the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century to the Present Times";
Proposed New Federal Criminal Code to European Penal Codes (Prof.
MirjanDamaska,
Professor of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Yugoslavia, September 26, 1970)" in Working Papers of the National Commission
of Federal Criminal Laws, vol. 3, Washington, July 1971 at
pp.1477-141505,
see "Attempt" at pp. 1496-1497;
DAVIS, Michael, "Why Attempts Deserve Less Punishment Than
Crimes", (1986) 5 Law & Philosophy 1-32; also
published by the same author in his book To Make the punishment fit the
crime:essays
in the theory of criminal justice, Boulder: Westview
Press,1992, xiii, 265 p. at pp. 101-120, ISBN: 0813314348;
DAWKINS, K.E., "Attempting to Have in Possession", (1981) 5 Otago
Law Review 172-181;
___________"Parties, conspiracies and attempts" in Neil
Cameron and Simon France, eds., Essays on Criminal Law in New Zealand:
TowardsReform?
, Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Law Review
with Victoria University Press, 1990, [iii], 243 p.,at 117-146
Victoria University of Wellington Law Review Monograph;number 3), ISBN:
DAWKINS, Kevin and Margaret Briggs, Criminal Law", [2007] Part 1 New
Zealand Law Review 131-177, and see "The Mental Element in Attempt", at
pp. 161-166; deals with R v L
[2006] 3 NZLR 291 (Suprme Court); DENNIS, Ian H.,"The Criminal Attempts Act 1981", [1982] Criminal
Law Review 5-16;
___________"The Law Commission Report on Attempt and Impossibility
to Attempt, Conspiracy and Incitement: (1) The Elements of Attempt",
Law Review 758-772;
___________"Preliminary Crimes and Impossibility", [1978] 31 Current
Legal Problems 31-54;
DERBY, Augustin, "Criminal Attempt - A Discussion of Some New York
(1931-32) 9 New York University Law Quarterly Review
DEUSNER, Edwin E., "The Doctrine of Impossibility in the Law of
Attempts", (1968) 4 Criminal Law Bulletin 398-403;
DEVÈZE, Jean, "Le commencement d'exécution de
en jurisprudence", (1981) Revue de science criminelle
de droit pénal comparé 777-812;
DIETL, Paul J., "On Punishing Attempts", (1970) 79 Mind 130-132;
Digest of criminal law cases, "Homicide -- Murder proof and evidence --
'Desisting of one's own
motion' -- Criminal Code 1899
(Qld), s. 538", (October 2005) 29(5) Criminal
law Journal 317; case of R.
v. Witchard; Ex parte Attorney-General (Qld) [2004] QCA 429, 12
November 2004 (Qld rep Ct CA); DILLOF, Anthony M., Modal Retributivism: A Theory of Sanctions for
Attempts and Other Criminal Wrongs (November 4, 2009). Wayne State
University Law School Research Paper No. 09-25. Available at SSRN:
http://ssrn.com/abstract=1499990; available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1499990
DONNELLY, Bebhinn, "Possibly, Impossibility and Extraordinariness in
Attempts", (January 2010) 23(1) The
Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 47-69;
DOUGLAS, G.R., "Criminal Attempts: One Down, Two to Go", (1988) 132
Solicitors Journal 552-553;
DUFF, R.A., 1945-, "Acting, Trying, and Criminal Liability" in
Shute, John Gardner and Jeremy Horder, eds., Action and Valuein
Law, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993, [x], 314 p.,at pp.
75-106,
ISBN: 0198258062 and 0198260792 (pbk.);
___________"Attempted Homicide", (1995) 1 Legal Theory
149-178;
___________"Attempts and the Problem of the Missing Circumstance",
Ireland Legal Quarterly 87-108;
___________"Auctions, Lotteries, and the Punishment of Attempts",
9 Law and Philosophy 1-37;
___________"The Circumstances of an Attempt", (1991) 50 Cambridge
Law Journal 100-119;
___________"Duff on Attempts (September, 08 2011)" in Crime, Punishment and Responsibility: The
Jurisprudence of Anthony Duff, Rowan Cruft, Matthew H. Kramer
and Mark R. Reiff, eds., Oxford University Press, September 2011; San
Diego Legal Studies Paper No. 11-069. Available at SSRN: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1924575 (accessed on 14 September 2011);
___________"Recklessness in Attempts (Again)", (1995) 15 Oxford
Legal Studies 309-325:
___________"Regarding Intention: The Criminal Attempts Act 1991 s.
1(3)"
(1990) 12 Liverpool Law Review 161-171; titre noté dans
recherche mais article non consulté; aucune bibliothèque
dans la région d'Ottawa a ce périodique;
__________"Subjectivism, Objectivism and Attempts" in A.P. Simester
and A.T.H. Smith, eds., Harm and Culpability, Oxford, England:
Press, 1966, xi, 280 p. at pp.19-44, ISBN: 0198260571;
DUFFY, "After Shivpuri -- What?" (1987) New Zeland Law Journal
118-119; number at the University of Ottawa, FTX Periodicals; copy at
DURAND, Bernard, "Le conseil souverain de Rouissillon et la
de la tentative" (1976) Revue historique de Droit français et
étranger 203-227;
DWORKIN, Gerald and David Blumenfeld, "Punishment for Intentions",
75 Mind 396-404;
Editorial, "Attempting the Impossible", (1985) 9 Criminal Law Journal 185-186; EDWARDS, J.LL.J, "Notes of Cases: Criminal
Attempts", (1952) 15 Modern Law Review 345-348;
ELKIND, Jerome B., "Impossibility in Criminal Attempts: A Theorist's
Headache", (1968) 54 Virginia Law Review 20-36;
ENKER, Arnold N., "Impossibility in Criminal Attempts - Legality and
the Legal Process", (1968-69) 53 Minnesota Law Review
665-710;
___________"Mens Rea and Criminal Attempt", [1977] American Bar Foundation Research Journal 845-879;
ERNEST, George D., "Comments: The Attempt As A Responsive Verdict",
(1946-47) 7 Louisiana Law Review 127-133;
Albin, "The Principle of 'Harm' in the Concept of Crime: A
Analysis of the Criminally Protected Legal Interests", (1964-65)
University Law Review 345-417;
ESER, Albin, "Individual Criminal Responsibility", in
Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R.W.D. Jones, eds., The Rome Statute of
Oxford University Press, 2002, cxl, 1048 p., Chapter 20, at pp.
767-822, and see at pp. 807-818; copy at
Ottawa University, FTX General: KZ 6310 .R64 2002 v. 1; available at http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/3909/pdf/Eser_Individual_criminal_responsibility.pdf
(accessed on 26 January 2008); États-Unisd'Amérique
c. Dynar, [1977] 2 R.C.S. 462 (Cour suprêmedu Canada),
version, also available;
FEINBERG, Joel, 1926-, "Equal Punishment for Failed Attempts: Some
but Instructive Arguments Against It", (1995) 37 Arizona Law Review117-133;
also published in Joel Feinberg, Problems at the Roots of Law:
in Legal and Political Theory, Oxford ; New York : Oxford
Press, 2003, viii, 220 p., see Essay 4, at pp. 77-102, ISBN:
0195155262,
copy at the Library of the Supreme Court of Canada, K230 F45 P76 2003;;
FELLER, S.Z., and M. Kremnitzer, "Withdrawal from attempt", Israeli
reports to the XII International Congress of Comparative Law / edited
Stephen Goldstein, Jerusalem : Harry Sacher Institute for
Research and Comparative Law, 1986, 427 p.; at pp. 354-367, University of Toronto Robarts Library: K/555/I86/1986;
de Montréal, droit AAZF C749r 1986is; title noted in my
but article not consulted yet; I am not sure if article in Hebrew or
FERGUSON, P.W., "Attempt and Impossibility Re-considered: R. v.
Shivpuri",
(1986) 50 Journal of Criminal Law 374-376;
FILANGIERI, Gaetano, 1752-1788, "De la tentative", traduit en
français par Jules Lacointa, (1861) tome 19, 11e année, Revue critique de législation et de
jurisprudence 217-264; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=KYkNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA263&dq=p%C3%A9nal&as_brr=1#PPP9,M1
FINKELSTEIN, Claire, "No Harm No Foul? Objectivism and the Law of
(1999) 18 Law and Philosophy 69-84; Research Note:
the article reviews Duff's Criminal Attempts, 1996, supra;
and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998, xi, 223 p., see chapter
10,"Attempts
versus Completed Offenses" at pp. 171-187, ISBN: 0195121708
and0195121716
___________"Constructing a Theory of Impossible Attempts" in Patrick
Fitzgerald, ed., Crime, Justice & Codification: - Essays in
of Jacques Fortin, Toronto: Carswell, 1986, [xi], 196 p. at pp.
87-113,
ISBN: 0459388800; also published in (Winter/Spring 1986) 5 Criminal
Justice Ethics 53-69;
___________"The Fall and Rise of Criminal Theory", (1998) 1 Buffalo
Law Review 275-328, see at pp. 288-290;
___________"Legality as Privacy" in Robert L. Cunningham, ed., Liberty
and the Rule of Law, College Station, Tex.: Texas A&M
Press, c1979, xi, 349 p., (series; The Texas A & M University
series; no. 3), ISBN: 0890960569; note: Papers from a conference
held in San Francisco in 1976;
FREELEY, Mary B., "Criminal Law - Supreme Court of Rhode
Adopts Model Penal Code Definition of Criminal Attempt - State v.
Latraverse,
443 A. 2d 890 (R.I. 1982)", (1983) 17 Suffolk University Law Review
339-350;
FREIJ-DALLOZ, Isabelle, "Répression de la tentative de
commentaires de l'article 28 du code pénal ivoirien", (1993) Revue
73-85;
FRIEDMAN, David D., "Impossibility, Subjective Probability
and Punishment for Attempts", (1991) 20 The Journal of Legal Studies 179-186;
GARVEY, Stephen P., "Are Attempts
Like Treason?" (November 23, 2009).
Available at SSRN: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1511193;
now published at (Spring 2011) 14(2) New
Criminal Law Review : An International and Interdisciplinary Journal 173-212;
GAUTHIER, A., "Sur l'impunité des actes
préparatoires",
Festgabe für Emil Zürcher zu seinem siebzigsten
11. Juni 1920 / dargebracht von Freunden und Schülern / Mélanges.
Zürcher, Emil, Bern : Stämpfli, 1920, 195 p., à la
GERTHOFFER, "La tentative et la complicité" dans [Mélanges
Patin] La Chambre criminelle et sa jurisprudence, recueil
en hommage à la mémoire de Maurice Patin, [Paris,] :
Éditions Cujas, [1967?], 772 p. à la p. 153;
GERVASE Jr., Richard G., "Grading Criminal Attempts - A Proposed
for Statutory Reform in Sentencing", (1988-89) 20 Rutgers Law
479-511;
GHENT, Jeffrey F., Annotation, "Comment Note. -- Impossibility of
32-35; GILL, Brian, "Impossibility in Criminal Attempts", (1965) 10 Juridical Review 137-153;
GIVANOVITCH, Thomas, "La situation du désistement volontaire
dans le système du droit criminel", (1927) 4 Revue
de droit pénal 187-210; titre noté dans mes
mais article pas encore consulté;
GLAZEBROOK, P.R., "Attempted Law Reform", (1985) 44 Cambridge
Journal 339-341;
___________"Should We Have a Law of Attempted Crime?", (1969) 85
Law Quarterly Review 28-49;
___________"Thought Crimes: Some Afterthoughts", (1986) 45 Cambridge
Law Journal 363-366;
GLEDHILL, A., "'Attempt' in Indian Criminal Law", (1955) 4 The
Indian Year Book of International Affairs 304-315;
GLENN, B.H., Annotation, "Attempts to Commit Offenses of Larceny by
Trick, Confidence Games, False Pretenses, and the Like", (1966) 6 ALR3d
241-292, and see also 6 ALR3d
Supplement, June 2006, pp.
37-42; GOBERT, James J., "The Fortuity of Consequence", (1993) 4 Criminal
Law Forum 1-46;
GORDON, Gerald H., "Another Attempt at the Impossible R v Smith (Roger)", (August
19 The Journal of Law Society of Scotland 246, 248-253; copy
at the Library of the Supreme court of Canada;
GOTI, Jaimie Malamud, "Rethinking Punishment and Luck", (2003-2004)
39 Tulsa Law Review 861-873;
GREEN, Richard D. and Daniel J. Pochoda, "Comment on Criminal
Criminal Solicitation: Section 1001 and 1003" in Working
Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1970, xxv, 742 p., at
pp.351-379;
the authors' paper is dated April 10, 1968;
GRIEW, E.J., "[Commentary on] The Criminal Attempts Act 1981"
Law Statutes Annotated, chapter 47, 21 p.; Research Note :
useful references on the procededings and debates in the House of
House of Lords and the Special Standing Committee;
GRUBB, Andrew, "The Criminal Attempts Act", (1982) 41 Cambridge
Journal 21-27;
HALL, Jerome, "Criminal Attempt - A Study of Foundations of
Criminal Liability", (1939-40) 49 Yale Law Journal 789-840;
HALLEVY, Gabriel, "Counter-Terrorism Law and Inchoate Offences", 17 May
2009, available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1406042
(accessed on 22 May 2009);
HAREL, Adrien, "La tentative d'avortement est-elle punissable comme
l'avortement consommé (Art. 2 et 317 du Code pénal)?",
(1849) Revue de droit
français et étranger 210-222; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=754DAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA210&dq=criminelle+espagne+code+p%C3%A9nal+date:1600-1950&lr=&as_brr=3&as_pt=ALLTYPES&vq=%22n%27a+manqu%C3%A9+son+effet+qu
e+par+des+circonstances+ind%C3%A9pendantes+de+la+volont%C3%A9+de+son+auteur,%22&source=gbs_quotes#PPA211,M1 (vérifié le 11 janvier 2009); HART, H.L.A. (Herbert Lionel Adolphus), 1907-, "The House of Lords
attempting the impossible" in C.F.H. Tapper, ed., Crime, Proof and
Punishment:Essays
in Memory of Sir Rupert Cross, London: Butterworths,
1981,xxvi,
336 p., essay 1 at pp. 1-20, ISBN: 0406569991; also in H.L.A. Hart, Essays
in Jurisprudence and Philosophy, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983,
viii, 396 p., at pp. 367-391, ISBN: 0198253877 and 0198253885 (pbk.);
published in (1981) 1 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 149-166;
HASNAS, John, "Once More unto the Breach: The Inherent Liberalism of
the Criminal Law and Liability for Attempting the Impossible",
(2002)54(1)
Law Journal 1-77; available at http://mason.gmu.edu/~jhasnas/Hasnas15.pdf
(accessed on 22 May 2005);
HEATH, Peter, "Trying and attempting", (1971) Supplementary Volume XLV, 1971 [Proceedings of the] Aristotelian Society 193-208
HENNEQUIN, “Du complot, des préparatifs, de
l’attentat”, (avril – septembre 1835) Revue de législation et de
jurisprudence 25-31; copie à la bibliothèque de la Cour suprême
HERLIHY, J. McR., "Attempts and Impossibility Under the Queensland
Code", (1980) 11 University of Queensland Law Journal 160-167;
HERMANN, Barbara, "Feinberg on Luck and Failed Attempts", (1995) 37
Arizona Law Review 143-149;
HERSHENOV, David B., "Punishing Failed Attempts Less Severely than
Successes",
(December 2000) 34(4) The Journal of Value Inquiry 479-489;
HITCHLER, W.H. (Walter Harrison), 1883-, "Criminal Attempts",
43 Dickinson Law Review 211-223;
__________"Criminal Attempts", (1911-12) 16 Dickinson Law
243-265;
HOEBER, Paul R., "The Abandonment Defense to Criminal Attempt and
Problems of Temporal Individuation", (1986) 74 California Law Review377-427;
HOGAN, Brian, "Attempting the Impossible and the Principle of
Legality", (1984) 135 New Law Journal 454-456;
___________"Attempting the Impossible (Impossibility of
Performance)", (1986) 10 Trent Law Journal 1-14; titre d'un article
dans ma recherche mais pas encore consulté; ce périodique
ne se trouve pas dans les bibliothèques de la région
___________"The Criminal Attempts Act and Attempting the
Criminal Law Review 584-591;
___________"The Principle of Legality", (1986) 136 New Law
267-269;
HORDER, Jeremy, "Varieties of intention, criminal attempts and
endangerment",
(1994) 14 Legal Studies 335-344;
HOWARD, Colin, "[Notes of Cases] More Successful Attempts" (1962) 25
ModernLaw Review 483-486;
___________"[Notes of Cases] The Successful Attempt", (1961) 24
Modern Law Review 166-170;
HOYLES, N.W., "Criminal Law: The Essentials of Crime", (1910) 46 Canada
Law Journal 393-416 [Contents: "I. An Act of the Will: 1.
2. Somnambulism; 3. Hypnotism; II. Malice - Criminal Intention;
An Attempt, or Overt Act: 1. Generally; 2. What amounts to an
3. Some of the rules for determining whether a given act is an
attempt;4. Acts done in contemplation of the Subject; IV. The ruleunder the
Criminal Code"];
HUBER, B., and G. Restle, “Developments of Criminal Law in
Europe”, (1994) 2(3) European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal
291-306,
see “Attempt” at pp. 303-305;
HUBER, B., “Developments of Criminal Law in Europe: an Overview”,
1(1) European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
57-80, see “Attempt” at pp. 70-71;
HUGHES, Graham, "One Further Footnote on Attempting the
Impossible", (1967) 42 New York University Law Review 1005-1034;
de législation de Toulouse", 1862; copy at Harvard University;
HUMBERT, Michel, "La peine en droit romain" dans La peine,
De Boeck Université, 1991, 199 p., aux pp. 133-183, voir "La
tentative"
aux pp.172-173 (Collection; Recueils de la Société Jean
ISBN: 2804115232;
HUNTER, J.F.M., "Trying", (1987) 37 Philosophical Quarterly
392-401;
HURD, Heidi M., "What In the World is Wrong?", (1994) 5 Journal
Contemporary Legal Issues 157-216;
HUSAK, Douglas, "Attempts and the Philosophical Foundations of
Liability - Review of R.A. Duff, Criminal Attempts, Oxford:
Press, 1996, 420 pp.", (1997) 8 Criminal Law Forum 293-310;
___________"The Nature and Justifiability of Nonconsumate Offenses",
(1995) 37 Arizona Law Review 151-183;
IBRAHIM, D.A., "Attempts in Islamic law: Javed Iqbal v. The
State", (1986) The Malayan Law Journal lxxxiv-xci; title noted in my
research but article not consulted; no copy in the Ottawa area
Canada (verification of 3 July 2006);
JACKSON, J.D., "The Criminal Attempts and Conspiracy (NI) Order
1983",
(1984) 35 Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 274-292;
JACKSON, Bernard S. (Bernard Stewart), 1944-, "Liability for Mere
in Early Jewish Law", (1971) 42 Hebrew Union College Annual
copy at Carleton University, SER BM11.H4; copy also at St Paul
Ottawa, Periodicals, BM 11 H43; also with the same title in: Bernard S.
Jackson, Essays in Jewish and comparative legal history, Leiden
: Brill, 1975, xiii, 288 p. (series; Studies in Judaism in late
10), ISBN: 9004043330; available at http://books.google.com/books?id=YscUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA219&dq=%22roman+criminal+law%22&lr=&as_brr=0&sig
2008); JAANI.NET, "Criminal Law and Procedure -- Part XI -- Laws of
Attempted Crime", November 2004, 27 p.; Australian law; available at http://www.jaani.net/resources/law_notes/criminal_law/11_Attempts.pdf
(accessed on 13 June 2006); JAREBORG, Nils, 1938-, "Criminal Attempts and Moral Luck", (1993) 27
Israel Law Review 213-226;
___________"Criminal attempts and penal value", in Rättsvetenskapliga
studier tillägnade Carl Hemström av professorkolleger i
Stockholm: Iustus förlag, 1996. 346 p., at pp. 117-134, ISBN:
9176783308;
title noted in my research but article not read; no copy of this book
Archives Canada (verification of 29 August 2004);
also with the same title in Nils Jareborg, Scraps of Penal Theory, Uppsala
: Iustus, 2002, 122 p. (series; Skrifter fran Juridiska
fakulten i Uppsala; 90), ISBN: 9176785157; no copy of this book
JENSEN, Ronald H,., "Reflections on on United States v. Leona
Should 'Impossibility' Be a Defense to Attempted Income Tax Evasion",
Tax Review 335-396;
JONES, O.R., "Trying" (1983) 92 Mind 368-385;
JurisPedia:
- "Elements of attempt (eg)", Egyptian
law; available at http://en.jurispedia.org/index.php/Elements_of_attempt_%28eg%29 (accessed on 27 July 2006);
- "Tentative d'infraction (fr)", droit français, disponible
à http://fr.jurispedia.org/index.php/Tentative_d%27infraction_%28fr%29
(visité le 27 juillet 2006); KADISH, Sanford H., "Foreword - The Criminal Law and the Luck of the
Draw", (1993-94) 84 Journal Law and Criminology 679-702;
KAPLAN, R.J., "Attempt, Solicitation, and Conspiracy Under the
Proposed California Criminal Code", (1971-72) 19 University
California at Los Angeles Law Review 603-621;
KAUFMAN, David, "Joinder of Conspiracy and Attempt", (1939-40) 28
Georgetown Law Journal 608-619;
KATZ, Leo, "Why the Successful Assassin Is More Wicked than the
One", (2000) 88 California Law Review 791-812; see the
by Paul H. Robinson, "Some Doubts About Argument by Hypothetical",
KEANE, Adrian, "Attempting the Impossible - The Devil We Know",
13 Hong Kong Law Journal 39-60;
KEEDY, Edwin R., "Criminal Attempts at Common Law", (1953-54) 102
of Pennsylvania Law Review 464-489;
KEITER, Mitchell, "With Malice Toward All: The Increased Lethality
Reshapes Transferred Intent and Attempted Murder Law", (2004) 38(2) University
of San Francisco Law Review 261-299, and see "Attempted Murder", at
pp. 282-297; copy at the University of
Ottawa, FTX Periodicals, KFC 69.S352; KELMAN, Mark, "Interpretative Construction in the Substantive
Law", (1980-81) 33 Stanford Law Review 591-673, see "Impossible
Attempts" at pp. 620-624; "Abandonment" at pp. 611-614 and 628-630;
at crimes unreasonably believed to be excused" at pp. 625-627;
versus attempt" at pp. 652-656;
KESSLER, Kimberley, D., "The Role of Luck in the Criminal Law",
142 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 2183-2237;
KEYMAN, S., "Le résultat pénal", (1968) Revue
de science criminelle et de droit pénal comparé 781-797;
KIGANAHÉ, Didace, "Réflexions autour diu 'commencement'
de la tentative punissable en droit pénal", in Liber amicorum Jean du Jardin, by
Jean du Jardin, Yves Poullet, Hendrik Vuye,Kluwer, 2001, aux pp.
215-240, ISBN:9055837318, 9789055837311; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=j-TL_i0ibNQC&pg=PA226&dq=%22Haus+et+Nypels+%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=y0rfSJ6eNYPqjgHYlfznDg&sig=ACfU3U24Z2MG2SmNfk1Z0g5mzB4OY3D8-A#PPA215,M1
(vérifié le 20 septembre 2008); KIRALFY, Albert, "Taking the Will for the Deed: The Mediaeval
Attempt", (1992) 13 Journal Legal History 95;
KRAMER, Samuel, "An Economic Analysis of Criminal Attempt: Marginal
Deterrence and the Optimal Structure of Sanctions", (1990) 81 Journal
of Criminal Law and Criminology 398- 417;
KREMNITZER, Mordechai, "Is There a Rational Justification for
an Accomplished Crime more Severely than an Attempted Crime? A
Prof. Dr. Bjorn Burkhardt's Paper", (1990) 4 Brigham
Journal of Public Law 81-95;
___________"The Punishability of Impossible Attempts", (1984)
19 Israel Law Review 340-387;
LARGUIER, J., "Chroniques A. Chronique de jurisprudence. I.
pénal général", (1976) Revue de science
et de droit pénal comparé 407-413, voir "1. La
de tentative" aux pp. 407-409;
"Law Commission and Criminal Attempts: Summary of
Recommendations", (1980) 124 Solicitors Journal 476; being Part V, "Summary of
of The Law Commission's report, Attempt, and Impossibility in
to Attempt, Conspiracy and Incitement, supra; Part I;
LEBLOIS-HAPPE, Jocelyne, Éric Mathias, Xavier Pin et Julien
"Chronique de droit pénal allemand", (2002) 73(3-4) Revue
de droit pénal 1229-1259, voir "La tentative", aux pp.
1236-1240;
LEFORT, Joseph, "De la tentative des crimes impossibles", (1878)
2 Revue générale de droit, de la législation
de la jurisprudence en France et à l'étranger
LÉGAL, Alfred, "Chroniques A. Chronique de
jurisprudence 1. Droit pénal général", (1952) 7 Revue de
criminelle et de droit pénal comparé 439, voir "1.
de tentative punissable" aux pp. 439-442;
___________"Chroniques A. Chronique de jurisprudence 1.Droit
pénal général", (1959) 14 Revue de
sciencecriminelle
et de droit pénal comparé 839-847, voir "2.La notion
de commencement d'exécution" aux pp. 842-844;
pénal général", (1963) 18 Revue de science
et de droit pénal comparé 553-559, voir "1.La
de complicité peut-elle être retenue comme uncommencement
d'exécution au sens de l'art. 2 du Code pénal?"aux pp.
553-556;
pénal général", [1972] Revue de science
et de droit pénal comparé 97-103, voir "2. La
tentative punissable" aux pp. 842-844;
LÉGAL, R., "La notion de tentative punissable", (1972)
88 Revue pénale suisse 422; .
___________"La notion de tentative punissable d'après la
française", (1963) Revue pénale suisse 293;
LEGROS, R., "Tentative, participation, désistement", Rapports
belges au XIIe Congrès de l'Académie internationale de
Comparé, , Sydney (Australie), 18-27 août 1986,
Kluwer; Bruxelles: Émile Brylant, 1986-1988, 2 volumes, à
la , p. 462; Université de Montréal, Faculté
de droit, AAZF C749r 1986b v.1; titre noté dans ma
LEVASSEUR, Georges, "Le meurtre ... d'une personne déjà
morte [...]
Observations Georges Levasseur (Revue de science criminelle 1986 839)",
disponible à http://ledroitcriminel.free.fr/la_science_criminelle/les_sciences_juridiques/le_proces_penal/le_jugement/qualification_faits/levasseur_meurtre_impossible.htm
(site du professeur Doucet visité le 13 juin 2006);
LEVENBROOK, Barbara Baum, 1949-, "Prohibiting Attempts and
Preparations", (1980) 49 University of Missouri at Kansas City Law Review
__________ "Review Essay / Attempts as Attacks", (1999) 18(1) Criminal
Justice Ethics 52-60; Research Note: Reviews Duff's, Criminal
Attempts, supra;
LEWIS, David, "The Punishment that Leaves Something to Chance",
18 Philosophy and Public Affairs 53-67;
LOFTIS, Larry B., "Criminal Law: Requiring the Same Intent for
of Criminal Attempt and the Consummated Crime", (1984) 36 University of Florida Law Review 545-550;
LUDINGTON, J.P., Annotation, "Attempts to receive stolen property",
(1962) 85 ALR2d 259-261; MADDISON, G., and A.N. Khan, "Incomplete Attempts of Crimes - I
andII", (1979) 123 Solicitors Journal 465-466 and 482-483; MAKINEN, Virpi, and Heikki Pihlajamäki, 1961-, "The
of Crime in Medieval Canon Law", (October 2004) 65(4) Journal of
History of Ideas 525-542, and see pp. 535-536;
MANDILL, Daniel M., "Chance, Freedom, and Criminal Liability",
(1987) 87
Columbia Law Review 125-141;
MANGIAFICO, James, "The Independence of the Actus Reus", (February 17, 2011). Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1763352
(accessed 4 March 2011); MANN, J. Thomas, "Criminal Law - Attempted Perjury - the Rules
of 'Legal ' and 'Factual ' Impossibility as Applied to the Law of
Attempts", (1954-55) 33 North Carolina Law Review
MANSHARAM, C., "Attempt and Conspiracy", (1987) 1 Supreme Court
(Jour) 69; title noted in my research but article not
consulted; title noted in my reserarch but article not consulted; published by the
Eastern Book Company (India);
MARCUS, Paul, "Joint Criminal Participation: Establishing
Abandonment", (1986) 34 American Journal of Comparative Law --
MARCUS, "Factual Impossibility and the Attempt to Receive
Stolen Property", (1976) 51 California State Bar Journal 493; title
noted in my research but article not consulted; no copy in the
Ottawa area libraries covered by the AMICUS catalogue of Library and
Archives Canada (verification of 3 July 2006);
MARÉ, M.C., "The Liability of the 'joiner-in' for murder",
(1990) 3 South African Journal of
Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 24-38, and see "Liability for
attempted murder", at pp. 37-38;
MARLIN, Randal., "Attempts" in Christopher Berry Gray, ed., The
2 volumes (xxxviii, 950 p.), in vol. 1, at pp. 59-62 (series;
Garlandreference
library of the humanities ; vol. 1743), ISBN: 0815313446;
___________"Attempts and the Criminal Law: Three Problems", (1976) 8
Law Review 518-535;
MARTIN, "Essai sur le délit impossible", (1943) 57 Revue
pénale suisse 317;
MARTIN, D.T., Student Notes, "The effect of impossibility on
attempts. A means used must be apparently suitable", (1932-3) 21
Law Journal 198-202;
MATHIS, Stephen, "Criminal Attempts and the Subjectivism/Objectivism
Debate", (2004) 17(3)
Ratio Juris 328-345;
McAULEY, Finbarr, "Relational Liability in Criminal Law", (1999) 34
Irish Jurist 100-147;
MISNER, Robert L., "The New Attempt Laws: Unsuspected Threat to the
Fourth Amendment", (1980-81) 33 Stanford Law Review
201-230;
M.M.C., "Criminal Attempts", (26 September 1879) 9 Central
Law Journal 257-258; observations following Wharton's article, infra;
MOLONEY, Garrie, J., "Attempts" (1991) 15 Criminal Law Journal 175-185;
MOORE, Michael S., "The Independent Moral Significance of
Wrongdoing",
(1994) 5 Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues 237-281;
MORFORD, Bruce, Student Notes, "Attempts, Preparation a Matter of
Degree",
(1932-3) 21 Kentucky Law Journal 195-198;
MORIARTY, Daniel G., "Extending the Defense of Renunciation", (1989)
Temple Law Review 1-59;
MORRIS, Herbert, "Punishment for Thoughts", (1965) 49 The Monist
342-376; also published in Morris' book, On Guilt and Innocence:
in Legal Philosophy and Moral Psychology, Berkeley: University of
Press, 1976, x, 161 p., Essay 1, "Punishment for Thoughts", at pp.1-29,
ISBN: 0520039440;
MORSE, Stephen J., "Reason, Results, and Criminal Responsibility",
Law Review 363-444;
MOURULLO, "La punition des actes préparatoires dans le
droit pénal espagnol", (1967) 38 Revue internationale de droit
77-120;
NAGEL, Thomas, "Moral Luck", (1971) Supplementary Volume
1971 [Proceedings of the] Aristotelian Society 137-151; also
in Nagel's book, Mortal Questions, Cambridge: Cambridge
Press, 1979, xiii, 213 p., essay 3 at pp. 24-38, ISBN: 052122360 and
le 26 août 2007; la suite à 1862, p. 472; traduction de
Lacointa;
NIEMANN, Grant, "Attempts", (1991) 2 Criminal Law Forum 549-567;
NOONE, Michael, "Preliminary Crimes: The Reform of Attempt and
in Papua New Guinea", (1974) 2 Melanesian Law Journal 66-90;
"Notes. Criminal Attempt, Conspiracy, and Solicitation Under
Criminal Code Reform Bill of 1978", (1978-79) 47 George
Law Review 550-572; no author mentioned;
"Notes. Effects of the New Illinois Criminal Code on
for Inchoate Crimes", [1963] Washington University Law
508-522 (no author mentioned);
"Notes of the Week", (1980) 144 Justice of the Peace
533-537,see
"Attempt" at pp. 534-536 (comments on the "challenging areas of
dificulties"
of The Law Commission, Attempt, and Impossibility in
Attempt, Conspiracy and Incitement, supra; Part I);
OCHALLA, Kevin John, "When Does the Crime of Attempted Genocide
and When Does the Crime of Attempted Genocide Become Genocide?", April
2000; available at http://www.nesl.edu/center/wcmemos/ochalla.htm
(accessed on 21 October 2005); note: New England School of Law
War crimes Project Rwanda Genocide Prosecution;
O'DAY, Ken, "Some Thoughts on Joel Feinberg's Modest Proposal: Is It
Really Such a Modest Proposal After All?", (1995) 37 Arizona Law
243-249;
O'DONNELL, James, "Comment: Problems with the Texas Penal Code",
11 Houston Law Review 1229-1249, see "Impossibility as a
to Attempt" at pp. 1242-1248;
OEHLER, Dietrich, "Attempted Crimes", (1976) 24 The American
of Comparative Law 694-702;
OJUKWU, Chudi Nelson, "Attempts: The Nigerian Perspective", (2002)
Law Forum 225-244;
ORCHARD, G.F., Case and Comment, "Impossibility and Inchoate Crimes
-- Another hook in a red herring. R v Sew Hoy (Court of Appeal, 10
September 1993, CA 180/93)", [December 1993]
New Zealand Law Journal 426-427; copy at the University of Ottawa,
FTX Periodicals, KTC O.B887; ___________"Impossibility and the Inchoate Crimes", [1978]
New Zealand Law Journal 403-413;
OVEN, G.J.W. von, "Attempt and Abandonment where there are several
in the Commission of a Crime", in P.H.M. Gerver, E.H. Hondius, G.J.W.
eds., Netherlands Reports to the Twelft International Congress of
Law, The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Instituut, 1987, viii, 325 p. at pp.
ISBN: 9067040436; copy at McGill University, Nahum Gelber Law
K;555;I57;1986e law; copy at Laval University, K 555 C749 1986n; title
noted in my reesearch but article not consulted yet;
OXLEY, Leo, "When Does Preparation for Crime Become A Criminal
Attempt?", (1944) 32 Kentucky Law Journal 207-212;
PAIN, J.H., "Some Reflections on our Criminal Law", (1960) Acta
289-311, and see "Attempt", at pp. 310-311;
PALLOT, Steven, "The Law Of Attempt In Relation To Crimes,
And Contraventions", (June 1999) Jersey Law Review; available
http://www.jerseylegalinfo.je/Publications/jerseylawreview/June99/shorter_articles_and_notes.asp
(accessed on 30 October 2004);
PALMER, Phil, "Attempt by Act or Omission: Causation and the
the Hypothetical Nurse", (1999) 63 The Journal of Criminal Law158-165;
PANDE, B.B., "An Attempt on 'Attempt' — The case of State v. Mohd.
Yakub",
(1984) 2 Supreme Court Cases (Jour) 42; title noted in my
but article not consulted; title noted in my reserarch but
not consulted; published by the Eastern Book Company (India);
American Philosophical Quarterly 269-276;
PEIRIS, G.L., "Liability for inchoate crime in commonwealth
law", (1984) 4 Legal Studies 30-66;
PELSER, Caroline M., "Preparations to Commit a Crime: The Dutch
(accessed on 3 January 2009); PERKINS, Rollin M., "An Analysis of Assault and Attempts to
Assaults", (1962-63) 47 Minnesota Law Review 71-91;
___________"Criminal Attempt and Related Problems", (1954-55)
2 University of California Los Angeles Law Review 319-355;
PERLMAN, Mark, "Punishing Acts and Counting Consequences", (1995) 37
Arizona Law Review 227-241;
PICKERING, A.L., "Attempts to Commit Crime", (1932-33) 6 Australian
Law Journal 210-213;
PICOT, E., "La tentative dans les codes pénaux
suisses" (1888) 1 Revue
PINATEL, V., "La théorie de la tentative devant la
et les sciences de l'homme" 14 Annales de la
de droit de l'Université aristotélienne de Thessalonique
246; aussi dans Mélanges Karanikas, 1966; titre
POLIQUIN, Beth Anne, "State v. Grant: Is Intent an Essential
Criminal Attempt in Maine", (1982) 34 Maine Law Review 479-494;
PONSOLDT, James F., " Clarifying the Attempt to Monopolize Offense
an Alternative to Protectionist Legislation: The Conditional Relevance
of Dangerous Probability of Success", (1986) 61 Notre Dame Law
1109-1145;
PRADEL, Jean, "Tentative et abandon en cas de pluralité de
à la commission du crime", (1986) 38 Revue internationale de
droit comparé 735-747;
(1999) 6 Vanderbilt Law Review 1869-1909; the author discusses
attempt and entrapment;
PRENDERGAST, David, "The Law Reform
Commission's Consultation Paper on Inchoate Offences",
1re Conférence d'unification du droit pénal
1er-5 novembre 1927) Actes de la conférence,
sous la direction de m. le prof. Emil-Stanislaw Rappaport ... et avec
concours de m. Vespasien V. Pella ... par Michel Potulicki ...
général adjoint de la conférence, Paris:
RecueilSirey,
1929; copy at the US Library of Congress;
REBUT, Didier, "Tentative", Encyclopédie juridique Dalloz -
de droit pénal et de procédure pénale, tome VI,
publié en juin 1999, 11 p.;
Recent cases, "Criminal Law - Attempts -Degree of Proximity of Overt
Acts Necessary to Constitute Attempt", (1928) 12 Minnesota Law
RIBEIRO, Robert A., "Criminal Liability for Attempting the
-- Lady Luck and the Villains", (1979) 4 Hong Kong Law
109-132;
ROBINSON, Paul H., "Competing Theories of Justification: Deeds
Reasons", in A.P. Simester and A.T.H. Smith, eds., Harm and Culpability, Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1996, viii, 280 p.,
44-70 (series; Oxford monographs in criminal law and justice), ISBN:
0198260571; available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=10142 and DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.10142
(accessed on 26 March 2008);
___________"A Functional Analysis of Criminal Law", (1994) 88 Northwestern
University Law Review 857-913, and see pp. 890-896; also published
in Thomas Morawetz,
ed., Criminal Law, 2nd ed., Aldershot (England): Darmouth,
2000, xvi, 478 p. at pp. 3-59 (series; The international library of
in law and legal theory; 2nd ser.; volume 5), ISBN: 184014775X; available at SSRN:
http://ssrn.com/abstract=662024 (accessed on 26 March 2008);
___________"Some Doubts About Argument by Hypothetical", (2000) 88 California
813-825; comments on Katz, supra; available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=662061
ROBINSON, Paul H. and Jane A. Grall, "Element Analysis in Defining
Liability: The Model Penal Code and Beyond", (1983) 35 Stanford Law
Review 681-762, see "Element Analysis in Attempt" at pp.
744-751; available at available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=662025 (accessed on 26 March 2008); ROBBINS, Ira P., "Attempting the Impossible: The Emerging
Consensus", (1986) 23 Harvard Journal on Legislation 377- 443;
___________"Double Inchoate Crimes", (1989) 26 Harvard
on Legislation 1-116;
ROGERS, Audrey, "New Technology, Old Defenses: Internet Sting
and Attempt Liability", (2003-2004) 38 University of Richmond Law
477-523;
ROGERS, Showell, "Some recent decisions concerning attempt and
(1894) 10 Law Quarterly Review 161-175;
ROTENBERG, Daniel L., "Withdrawal as a Defense to Relational
Crimes", [1962] Wisconsin Law Review 596-607;
ROUJOU DE BOUBÉE, Gabriel, "La genèse de l'acte
infractionnel" in Colloque de science criminelle (Toulouse 1969), Confrontation de
Paris : Dalloz, 1969, iii, 198 p. aux pp. 61-79 (Collection; Institut
criminologie et de sciences pénales de la Faculté de
ROWELL, M.S., "Impossible Attempts - An Alternative Solution",
128 New Law Journal 716-719;
ROZES, Louis, "L'infraction consommée", [1975] Revue de
criminelle et de droit pénal comparé 603-632;
RYU, Paul Kichyun, "Contemporary Problems of Criminal
Attempts", (1957) 32 New York University Law Review 1170-1201;
SACHS, Joshua, "Is Attempt to Commit Voluntary Manslaughter a
Crime?", (1982) 71 Illinois Bar Journal 166-172;
SADASIVAN NAIR, G., "Criminal Attempt in India", (1979) 3 Cochin
University Law Review 17; this periodical is from India; title
in my research but not consulted yet; no copy of this periodical in the
Ottawa region libraries;
SALEILLES, R., "Essai sur la tentative et plus
sur la tentative irréalisable (Étude de Droit
Comparé)", (1897) 21 Bulletin de la Societé
des prisons 53-88 et 321-357; copie à l'Université de
SAMUELS, Alec, "Conditional Intent and Attempting the Impossible -
the Wicked Escape", (1979) 143 Justice of the Peace
___________"Criminal Attempts Act 1981", (1981) 125 Solicitors
615-617; Research Note: contains useful references to the
Standing Committee that examined the Bill;
___________"The Sentence for Attempt", (13 October 1984) 148(41) Justice of
the Peace 643-644; copy at the Library of the Supreme Court of
Canada; SAUTOIS, L.-J, "Des
principes théoriques de la tentative, conférés
avec le système adopté par le code pénal", (1846)
5e année Annales des universités de Belgique
319-469; disponible à http://books.google.com/books?id=N1AFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA464&dq=dolus+eventualis&as_brr=1#PPP9,M1 (vérifié le 14
SAVEY-CASARD, "Le repentir actif en droit pénal
515-536;
SAYRE, Francis Bowes, 1885-1972, "Criminal Attempts", (1927-28)
Harvard Law Review 821-859;
SCHACHAR, Yoram, "The Fortuitous Gap in Law and Morality",
1987) 6(2) Criminal Justice Ethics 12-36;
SCHULLHOFER, Stephen J., and Dan M. Kahan, "Attempt", in
1780 p.), in vol. 1, at pp. 85-92, ISBN : 002865319X (for set of
4 volumes) and 0028653203 (v. 1 );
SCHULLHOFER, Stephen J., "Attempt" in S.H. Kadish, editor, Encyclopedia
of Crime and Justice, vol. 1 of 4, New York: The Free Press, 1983,
at pp. 91-97, ISBN: 0029181100 (set);
___________"Harm and Punishment: A Critique of Emphasis on the
of Conduct in the Criminal Law", (1973-74) 122 University of
Law Review 1497-1607; see "Incentive to Desist" at pp. 1519-1522;
SCHURMAN, Isabel J., "Attempted murder" in National criminal
program (2001 : Charlottetown, P.E.I.), ed., National criminal law
/ The Federation of Law Societies of Canada, Charlottetown :
of Law Societies, 2001, in vol. 2 of 2; copy at Department of Justice
SEGONDS, Marc, "Tentative (Art. 121-4 et 121-5)", 2002, 18 p., in Juris-Classeur pénal, Paris: Éditions du
Juris-Classeur, vol. 1, copie à l'Université d'Ottawa,
SELFE, David W., "Attempting the impossible: recent developments in
the House of Lords", (1987) 9 Liverpool Law Review 69-80; titre
noté dans ma recherche mais article non consulté; aucune
bibliothèque dans la région d'Ottawa a ce
SHAFER-LANDAU, Russ, "[Book review of] Feinberg, Joel, Problems
the Root of Law, Oxford University Press, 2002, 232 p., $45.00
(hbk.),
ISBN: 0195155262", Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2003.09.05,
available at http://ndpr.icaap.org/content/archives/2003/9/shafer-landau-feinberg.html
(accessed on 6 February 2004);
[Comments of Shaver-Landau on Feinberg's fourth essay,
Attempts: Equal Punishment for Failed Attempts"]
"The next chapter focuses on criminal attempts. Feinberg’s
is that the distinction between “successful” and failed attempted
should make no difference at all in the punishment one receives. Here
takes on the penal status quo–as defended by several fine philosophers
and in Seven Bad Arguments–and maintains the point, made in the
essay, that punishability should be predicated entirely on
The results of one’s faulty conduct are not within one’s control, and
should not affect one’s punishability. Those who insist on disparate
for attempts and successes are confusing (among other things) the
of tort and criminal law. Tort law is aimed at redressing actual harm,
and so must take results into account in determining how to treat
Criminal law has a different aim (on the whole, that of reducing
conduct, which aim is best secured by punishing offenders of laws even
if such offenders fail in a given case to do any actual harm).
main positive proposal here is to eliminate the causal element in the
of criminal offenses. An ideal criminal code would substitute the
of wrongful homicidal behavior (chargeable in degrees) for our present
distinction between murder and attempted murder. A like arrangement
be made for other offenses." SHARPE, Andrew N., "Attempting the 'Impossible': The Case of
Rape", (1997) 21(1) Criminal Law Journal 23-31;
SHAVELL, Steven, "Deterrence and the Punishment of Attempts", (1990)
19 Journal of Legal Studies 435-466;
__________ "Two Topics on Criminal Law: Specific v. General
A Theory of Attempts", Toronto: University of Toronto, Faculty of
and Economics Programme, 1989, 33, 39 p. (series; Law and
series; WS 1988-89 (13)); copy at the University of Ottawa; 39p. for
part of the publication on attempt;
SHELDON, David, "Impossible Attempts and other Oxymorons: Docherty v
Brown", (1997) 1(2) Edinburgh Law Review; title noted in my
research but article not consulted yet (13 July 2006);
SHIELDS, Marjorie A., "Attempt to Commit Assault as Criminal
(2001) 93 ALR5th 683-701; ALR = American Law Reports; copy at
SHUE, T., "Attempting to Define an Attempt - of Method and
Substance:P.P.
v. Kee Ah Bah", (1979) 21 Malaya Law Review 128-134;
SIEG, Robert M., "Attempted Possession of Child Pornography — A
Approach for Criminalizing Possession of Child Pornographic Images of
Origin", (2004-2005) 36 The
University of Toledo Law Review 263-272;
SIMON, "Sur les cas de délit manqué", (1949) Revue
de droit pénal et de criminologie 317 et Revue de droit
et de criminologie (1950) 136; titre noté dans mes
mais article non consulté; aucune copie de ce volume 1949 dans
bibliothèques de la région d'Ottawa;
Criminology 447-517;
SIMS, P.B.A., "The Actus Reus in Criminal Law Attempts", (1955) 18 The
Modern Law Review 620-623;
SINGH, Mool, "Law Relating to Attempts: Need for a Fresh Look",
33 Journal of the Indian Law Institute 395-409; copy at the
University of Ottawa, FTX Periodicals, KPN 0 .J695;
SIRKIN, Pamela, "The Evanescent Actus Reus Requirements: California
Penal Code S 647(d) - Criminal Liability for `Loitering with
Intent...`Is
Punishment for Merely Thinking Certain Thoughts While
LoiteringConstitutional?",
(1990)19 Southwestern University Law Review 165-203,see
Attempts" at pp. 195-198;
SKILTON, Robert H., "The Mental Element in a Criminal Attempt",
3 University of Pittsburgh Law Review 181-190;
___________"The Requisite Act in Criminal Attempt", (1936-37) 3 University
of Pittsburgh Law Review 308-319;
SMITH, J.C., "Attempts, impossibility and the test
of rational motivation", in L.C.B. Gower,
ed., Auckland
Law School centenary lectures, Auckland
(N.Z.): Legal Research Foundation,
1983, at pp. 25-44; title noted in my research but article not
consulted (27 April 2007);
___________"Case and Comment: Attempt - Impossibility - s. 1....",
Criminal Law Review 536-542;
___________"RAPE. Consent -- meaning of 'reckless' -- Sexual
Offences (Amendment) Act 1976, s. 1 ... R. v. Pigg Court of Appeal
(Criminal Division)...February 5, 1982", [1982] Criminal law Review 446-450 with
commentary at pp. 447-450 and see "Attempts and recklessness", at
pp. 449-450; ___________"Success and Failure in Criminal Attempts", [1961] Criminal
Law Review 436-451;
___________"Two Problems in Criminal Attempts", (1956-57) 70 Harvard
Law Review 422-448;
___________"Two Problems in Criminal Attempts Re-Examined - I",
Law Review 135-144;
___________"Two Problems in Criminal Attempts Re-Examined - II",
Law Review 212-222;
"Two further instances may be briefly offered
Macaulay's pursuit of a general rationale of founding liability and
largely on the culpability surrounding the defendant's act and paying
heed than English law to the chance occurance of any harmful
.... A second example relates to criminal attempt where for some reason
the full offence in the particular circumstances was impossible, such
in picking an empty pocket. The Code, at least in some cases,
to English law of the time, sought to remove impossibility as a bar to
conviction; the implicit rationale being that the defendant's mental
remained unchanged whether the criminal objective was achievable or not.74
.... ------ 74 Section 511. But see W. Stokes, op. cit. n. 49, 68-70 for
the constitutional difficulties of these provisions. [note for Stokes
W. Stokes, Anglo-Indian Codes (1881), 1, xxiv]" (p. 160)
___________"An Objectivist's Account of Criminal Attempts [Book
review of R.A. Duff, Criminal Attempts, supra]", (1998)
Law Review 438-450;
___________"Proximity in attempt: Lord Lane's 'midway course'",
Law Review 576-582;
___________"Withdrawal from Criminal Liability for Complicity and
Offences", (1983) 12 Anglo-American Law Review 200-219;
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Factual Impossibility as a Defense", (1960-61) 15 Arkansas Law Review 206-208; SNEATH, G.R., Case Note, "The Attempt to Draft a Definition of a
'Attempt': Criminal Attempts Act 1981, s. 1: A Note on Anderson v.
[1985] 2 All E.R. 335 H.L.", (1985) Statute Law Review
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de science criminelle et de droit pénal comparé 497-520;
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Act?", (1987) 29 Arizona Law Review 247-279;
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pp. 400-402 (series; English Studies in Criminal Science, Department of
Criminal Science, Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge; volume iv);
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at attempts", (1987) 7 Legal Studies 194-204;
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48 Catholic Unievrsity Law Review 801-842;
STRAHORN, John S., "The Effect of Impossibility on Criminal
(1929-30) 78 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 962-998;
___________"Preparation for Crime As a Criminal Attempt", (1939)
1 Washington and Lee Law Review 1-30;
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505-526;
___________"Mens Rea, Negligence and Attempts", [1968] Criminal
Review 647-662;
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Quarterly 79-86; also published in Michael J. Gorr and
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39 The Modern Law Review 55-69;
___________"When Is a Conspiracy Like an Attempt - And Other
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1235-1247;
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Camps", (1969-70) 47 Journal of Urban Law 841-867;
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Reappraisal", (1969) 2 Responsa Meridiana 59; titre noté dans mes
article non consulté; aucune copie de ce périodique dans
les bibliothèques de la région d'Ottawa; copie à
Gelber Law Library;
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Turner,eds.,
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Science, Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge, English Studiesin
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of Canada); décision aussi disponible en français;
"CONGRES DE LISZT (12-14 août 1895)
Question 1- Influence des nouvelles conceptions en
de droit pénal sur les dispositions législatives
la tentative et la participation L'Union exprime le voeu que les dispositions légales
soient reliées
aux principes de la responsabilité personelle et de la
sociale. Elle se réserve d'étudier lors du prochain
congrès, la question de la capacité pénale et
de la responsabilité qui, l'une et l'autre, sont en relation
étroite."
(pp. 346-347) [...] CONGRES DE LISBONNE (21-23 avril 1897) [...] Question 3- La tentative La proposition de remettre au prochain congrès la
des rapports sur la tentative est adoptée. [...] CONGRES DE SAINT-PETERSBOURG (17-20 septembre 1902) Question 1- De l'importance que doivent avoir, dans
à ses conséquences matérielles. [...] 2) sur la question de la complicité, la oi devra abandonner
toute distinction doctrinaire entre ceux qui ont participé au
crime et se borner à indiquer les modes de participation qu'elle
considérera comme tels. La question de la tentative reste
à l'ordre du jour des travaux de l'Union." (pp. 346-349) VAN OVEN, G.J.W., "Attempt and abandonment where there are Several
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vers la disparition d'un mythe doctrinal" dans Mélanges
à Albert Chavanne - droit pénal propriété
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185-195; copie à la Bibliothèque de la Cour suprême
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fiche numéro 1199, 12 p., 1er octobre 1957; "La tentative
II", fiche numéro 1200, 12 p., 1er octobre 1957; "La tentative
III:Le
délit impossible", fiche numéro 1201, 12 p., 1er
dans Les Fiches juridiques suisses: documentation
fédéraleet
cantonale de pratique juridique, économique, sociale et
fiscale,publiée
sur fiches constamment tenues à jour, Genève: Fiches
juridiques suisses, 1941-, (il se peut qu'il y ait des fiches
à jour car lors de ma vérification, j'ai constaté
que la bibliothèque Fauteux, de l'Université d'Ottawa ne
tenait plus ces fiches à jour depuis le début de 1993);
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(1980-81) 52 University of Colorado Law Review 167-221, see
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___________"Is Intent Constitutive of Wrongdoing?", in M.
2011; WHARTON, Francis, "Attempts", (18 July 1879) 9 Central Law
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at pp. 44-45; see observations following this article by M.M.C.,
WHITE, Dorcas, "Attempts: Initiatives in the Common Law Carribbean",
Criminal Law Review 780-784;
WHITNEY, A. Grant, "Criminal Law - The Trend Away from Legal
as a Defense", (1978) 14 Wake Forest Law Review 243-258;
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Law Journal 160-169; no author mentioned; however, I have
elsewhere that the author-student is Alan Dershowitz;
- "Attempt", available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempt
- "Attempted Murder", available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attempted_murder
WILLIAMS, C.R., "Attempt and Abandonment Where There Are Several
in the Commission of a Crime" in Law and Australian legal thinking
the 1980s : a collection of the Australian contributions to the 12th
Congress of Comparative Law held at the University of Sydney and Monash
University, Melbourne, 18-27 August, 1986, prepared by Alice
E.-S.Tay on behalf of the Organising Committee, [Sydney?]: The
Committee,1986,
xv, 657 p., at pp. 603-615;
WILLIAMS, Glanville, "Attempting the Impossible - A Reply", (1980)
22 Criminal Law Quarterly 49-57;
___________"Attempting the impossible - the last round?" (1985) 135
The New Law Journal 337-338 and 347-348 (issue of 5 April 1985);
___________"Attempts and 'Mere Preparation'", (1981) 145 Justice
of the Peace 588-590 (issue of 3 October 1981);
___________"Compounding the Confusion in Inchoate Offences",
(1978)128
New Law Journal 724-727 (issue of 27 July 1978);
___________"Criminal Attempts - A Reply", [1962] Criminal Law
Review 300-307;
___________"Criminal Law - Attempting the Impossible", (1974)33
Law Journal 31-36;
___________"Framing the Crime of Attempt - A Reply", (1980) 130
New Law Journal 968-969 (issue of 23 October 1980, #5973);
___________"The Government's Proposals on Criminal Attempts [- I]"
The New Law Journal 80-81 (issue of 22 January 1981, # 5985);
___________"The Government's Proposals on Criminal Attempts - II"
131 The New Law Journal 104-106 (issue of 29 January 1981, #
5986);
___________"The Government's Proposals on Criminal Attempts - III"
131 The New Law Journal 128-130 (issue of 5 February 1981, #
5987);
___________"Hijacking the Legality Principle", (1986) 136 The
New Law Journal 303-304 (issue of 4 April 1986);
___________"Intents in the Alternative", (1991) 50 Cambridge
Law Journal 120-130;
___________"The Lords Achieve the Logically Impossible", (1985)135
New Law Journal 502-505 (issue of 24 May 1985);
___________"The Lords and Impossible Attempts, or Quis Custodiet
Ipsos Custodes?", (1986) 45 Cambridge Law Journal 33-83;
___________"Police Control of Intending Criminals [Part I]", [1955]
Criminal Law Review 66-75;
___________"The Problem of Reckless Attempts", [1983] Criminal
Review 365-375;
___________"Three Rogues' Charters", [1980] Criminal Law Review
263-281;
___________"Wrong Turnings on the Law of Attempt", [1991] Criminal
Law Review 416-425;
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Volume XLV, 1971 [Proceedings of the] Aristotelian Society 209-227;
YAFFE, Gideon, "Trying, Acting and Attempted Crimes", (March 2009)
28(2) Law and Philosophy
109-162; YEAGER, John J., "Some Factors to be Considered in Distinguishing
from the Overt Act in Criminal Attempts", (1943-44) 32 Kentucky Law
Journal 300-306;
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few persons participate in an illegal act according to Polish criminal
law", Rapports présentés au XIIe Congrès
international de droit comparé, Warszanwa, Komitet Nauk
Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 1986, 205-221; titre noté dans ma