Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20150215758
Timestamp: 2018-02-20 08:20:44
Document Index: 532648701

Matched Legal Cases: ['§1', '§112', '§112', '§112', '§1', '§112']

US20150215758A1 - Method and apparatus for active defense and emergency response - Google Patents
US20150215758A1
US20150215758A1 US14630439 US201514630439A US20150215758A1 US 20150215758 A1 US20150215758 A1 US 20150215758A1 US 14630439 US14630439 US 14630439 US 201514630439 A US201514630439 A US 201514630439A US 20150215758 A1 US20150215758 A1 US 20150215758A1
US14630439
US9386438B2 (en )
Steven Allen Hymowitz
PANGAEA SERVICES Inc
A deterrent device is disclosed. At the deterrent device, a first wireless communications link is established with a mobile computing device. The deterrent device is not the mobile computing device and the mobile computing device is not included in the deterrent device. At the deterrent device, a user indication to initiate a deterrent is received. An image capture device component of the deterrent device is activated to capture at least one image in response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent. At least the image is transferred, via the first wireless communications link, from the deterrent device to the mobile computing device. The mobile computing device establishes a connection via a second communication link to at least an emergency contact and at least transmits the image and user information to the emergency contact via the second communication link. In response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent, a releasing of the deterrent from the deterrent device is initiated.
This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/629,482, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACTIVE DEFENSE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE filed Sep. 27, 2012 which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or patent disclosure as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office, patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright lights whatsoever.
FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of the system and the example device as described with reference to FIGS 1-8, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Embodiments of the invention are discussed below with reference to the Figures. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes as the invention extends beyond these limited embodiments. For example, it should he appreciated that those skilled in the art will, in light of the teachings of the present indention, recognize a multiplicity of alternate and suitable approaches, depending upon the needs of the particular application, to implement the functionality of any given detail described herein, beyond the particular implementation choices in the following embodiments described and shown. That is, there are numerous modifications and variations of the invention that are too numerous to be listed but that all fit within the scope of the invention. Also, singular words should be read as plural and vice versa and masculine as feminine and vice versa, where appropriate, and alternative embodiments do not necessarily imply that the two are mutually exclusive.
As is well known to those skilled in the art many careful considerations and compromises typically must be made when designing for the optimal manufacture of a commercial implementation any system, and in particular, the embodiments of the present invention. A commercial implementation in accordance with the spirit and teachings of the present invention may configured according to the needs of the particular application, whereby any aspect(s), feature(s), function(s), result(s), component(s), approach(es), or step(s) of the teachings related to any described embodiment of the present, invention may be suitably omitted, included, adapted, mixed and matched, or improved and/or optimized by those skilled in the art, using their average skills and known techniques, to achieve the desired implementation that addresses the needs of the particular application.
A “computer” may refer to one or more apparatus and/or one or more systems that are capable of accepting a structured input, processing the structured input according to prescribed rules, and producing results of the processing as output. Examples of a computer may include: a computer; a stationary and/or portable computer; a computer having a single processor, multiple processors, or multi-core processors, which may operate in parallel and/or not in parallel; a general purpose computer; a supercomputer; a mainframe; a super mini-computer; a mini-computer; a workstation; a micro-computer; a server; a client; an interactive television; a web appliance; a telecommunications device with internet access; a hybrid combination of a computer and an interactive television; a portable computer; a tablet personal computer (PC); a personal digital assistant (PDA); a portable telephone; application-specific hardware to emulate a computer and/or software, such as, for example, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application specific instruction-set processor (ASIP), a chip, chips, a system on a chip, or a chip set; a data acquisition device; an optical computer: a quantum computer; a biological computer; and generally, an apparatus that may accept data, process data according to one or more stored software programs, generate results, and typically include input, output, storage, arithmetic, logic, and control units.
A “computer-readable medium” may refer to any storage device used for storing data accessible by a computer. Examples of a computer-readable medium may include: a magnetic hard disk; a floppy disk: an optical disk, such as a CD-ROM and a DVD; a magnetic tape; a flash memory; a memory chip; and/or other types of media that can store machine-readable instructions thereon.
Embodiments of the invention may also be implemented in one or a combination of hardware, firmware and software. They may be implemented as instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, which may be read and executed by a computing platform to perform the operations described herein.
A non-transitory computer readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a hard drive, compact disc, flush memory, volatile memory, random access memory, magnetic memory, optical memory, semiconductor based memory, phase change memory, optical memory, periodically refreshed memory, and the like; however, the non-transitory computer readable medium does not include a pure transitory signal per se.
Devices and systems will be described which provide means and methods for providing wireless self-defense/emergency response capabilities. Furthermore, device may communicate wirelessly (e.g. Bluetooth) with a computing device (e.g. smartphone) for communicating information to the monitoring system and/or emergency authorities (e.g. police, fire, ambulance, etc.) in order to notify the monitor system and/or emergency authorities of an emergency situation. Furthermore, monitoring system may communicate information received from device to emergency authorities. As a non-limiting example, a picture or image may be captured of an assailant or potential assailant for communication to emergency authorities. As a non-limiting example, picture/image information may be communicated via a text message and/or an email message from computing device (e.g. smartphone). Furthermore, picture/image information may be communicated via Short Message Service (SMS) and/or Microsoft Media Server (MMS). Furthermore, geographic location information (e.g. Global Positioning System (GPS)) may be communicated from computing device to monitoring system and/or emergency authorities. Furthermore, picture/image information may be communicated to a predetermined list of contacts associated with user (e.g. family, etc.). Furthermore, text information may be communicated from device to monitoring service and/or emergency authorities related to the need for possible assistance. Device may operate to broadcast an audio message informing an assailant or a possible assailant the his/her image/picture has been captured and communicated to emergency authorities. Furthermore, device may operated to broadcast an audible alarm in order to deter an assailant or possible assailant and to notify other persons in the vicinity of the device. Furthermore, broadcast audio information and audible alarm may be rebroadcast at a periodic interval. Device may also operate to notify medical personal of a medical emergency. As a non-limiting example, a different selection device may be made available for performing notification associated with medical emergencies. Furthermore, a text message email message may be communicated to medical emergency personnel informing them of the medical emergency. Furthermore, geographic location information may be communicated to emergency personnel. Furthermore, picture/image information of the user may also be communicated in a medical emergency situation. Furthermore, additional information associated with user may be communicated (e.g. medical condition, age, gender, address, etc.). Monitoring system may operate to support receiving and processing information from device and computing device 24 hours a day and seven days a week. Device deploys a deterrent (e.g. pepper spray, mace, taser, etc.) when selected by user. As a non-limiting example, deterrent may be deployed via a spraying mechanism. Furthermore, information from device may be communicated to computing devices (e.g. smartphone) associated with emergency authorities (e.g. law enforcement, medical personnel, etc.).
Enclosure 102 provides an enclosure for mechanically containing components associated with device 100. Camera 104 provides capability for capturing images and video (e.g. digital picture). Light sensor 106 provides light sensing for camera 104. Deterrent initiator 108 initiates application of deterrent. Deterrent facilitator 110 enables application of deterrent. Hand grip 112 provides a grip for enabling a human to grip device 100. Hand grip 114 provides a grip for enabling a human to grip device 100. Attachment mechanism 116 provides a mechanical means for attaching other devices (e.g. key ring). Audio output portion 118 provides for communication of audio information (e.g. speaker, bell, etc).
FIG. 2 illustrates a rear view for the example device as described with reference to FIG. 1 where selection of medical emergency selection 204 may provide communication of text messages and email messages that maybe communicated to medical emergency personnel. Activation of medical emergency selection 204 may be locked or unlocked via lock/unlock selection 202.
Device 100 includes components as described with reference to FIGS. 1.-7 in addition to a battery compartment 804. Battery compartment 804 provides an enclosure for a battery (not shown). Camera 104, light sensor 106, and power supply input 406 are provided with additional visibility in FIG. 8C.
Device 100 communicates bi-directionally with computing device 902 via a communication channel 918. As a non-limiting example, communication channel 918 may be configured as wireless. Furthermore, communication via communication channel 918 may be performed via Bluetooth. Wireless transceiver portion 906 communicates bi-directionally with computing device 902 via a communication channel 920 and with server 910 via a communication channel 922. Global communications network 912 Communicates bi-directionally with server 910 via a communication channel 924 with emergency portion 914 via a communication channel 926 and with monitor portion 916 via a communication channel 930. Computing device 902 communicates information bi-directionally via antenna 904. Wireless transceiver portion 900 communicates information bi-directionally via antenna 908. Monitor portion 916 communicates with emergency portion 914 via a communication channel 928. As a non-limiting example, communication channel 928 may be configured as a conventional telephone connection.
Device 100 includes camera 104, light sensor 106, a multiplicity of selection devices with a sampling noted as medical emergency selection 204, deterrent facilitator 110, audio output portion 118, a power source portion 931, a processor portion 932, a wireless transceiver portion 934, an antenna portion 930, a memory portion 938 and a test portion 930. Selections devices may also be noted as lock/unlock selection 202 (as shown in FIG. 2) and in some embodiments deterrent initiator 108 (as shown in FIG. 1).
Power source portion 931 provides capability for supplying power. As a non-limiting example, power source portion 931 may be configured as a battery. Processor portion 932 receives, transmits and processes information. As a non-limiting example, processor portion 932 may receive computer code instructions for performing operation of device 100. Test portion 939 provides capability for performing testing of device 100. As a non-limiting example test portion 939 may be configured as IEEE 1149.1(JTAG). GUI portion 940 receives, transmits and presents information for Viewing. Light flash portion 942 provides a flash of light (e.g. for camera). Audio input portion 944 provides for reception and communication of audio information (e.g. microphone).
In operation, power is provided to device 100 via power source portion 931. Processor portion 932 receives instructional code information from memory portion 938 and stores/retrieves information via memory portion 938. Processor portion 932 communicates with computing device 902 via wireless transceiver portion 934, antenna portion 936, antenna 908 and communication channel 918. As a non-limiting example, processor portion 932 may retrieve geographic location information from computing device 902. Lock/unlock mode may be received by processor portion 932 from lock/unlock selection 202. If in lock mode, then operation of medical emergency selector 204 is disabled. If in unlock mode, then operation of medical emergency selection 204 is enabled. If medical emergency selection 204 is selected, then information is received and processed by processor portion 932. Furthermore, received information is transmitted to monitor portion 916 via computing device 902, wireless transceiver portion 906, server 910 and global communications network 912. Furthermore, monitor portion 916 may, receive, process and verify received information and communicate the received/processed information to emergency portion 914. Monitor may communicate information to emergency portion 914 via global communications network 912 and in some alternative embodiments via communication channel 928. In some optional embodiments, image/video information may be communicated directly to emergency portion 914 without first being received and processed by monitor portion 916. In some optional embodiments, audio information may be received by processor portion 932 from audio input portion 944 and communicated to monitor portion 910 and/or emergency portion 914. Selection of deterrent initiator 108 may be received and processed by processor portion 932, followed by processor portion 932 communicating information associated with the deployment of deterrent facilitator 110. Test information may be received by processor portion 932 from test portion 939. Furthermore, test information may be communicated to test portion 939 from processor portion 932. In some alternative embodiments, information may be presented and received via GUI portion 940. In some alternative embodiments, light flash portion 942 may be communicated to deploy following selection of deterrent initiator 108 such that image/video information received via camera 104 has increased illumination. In some alternative embodiments, information may be communicated from monitor portion 916 and/or emergency portion 914 to processor portion 932 for processing and communication via audio output portion 118 and/or GUI portion 940.
FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram of the system and the example device as described with reference to FIGS. 1-8 where power is applied, application of power is indicated, processor received operational instructions, processor stores and retrieves information from memory, device communicates with external computing device via a wireless communication channel, device capabilities may be locked or unlocked, image/video information may be captured, and communicated, image/video information may be communicated to a monitor and/or emergency portion, in some alternative embodiments audio information may be received and communicated to monitor or emergency portion, deterrent may be deployed, test information may be communicated, in some embodiments GUI may present and receive information and in some alternative embodiments a light flash may be deployed.
FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of the example device as described with reference to FIGS. 1-9 where indicators are provided far viewing information, a low voltage indicator is provided for presenting a condition of low voltage, voltage regulation is provided for charging a battery, voltage regulation is provided for power device 100, a clock source is provided for operation of device 100, audio amplifiers are provides for presenting audio information and amplification is provided for driving a low voltage indicator.
As a non-limiting example. optionally, a reset a condition is detected by reset selection 404 and communicated to processor portion 932 (as shown in FIG. 9) which performs reset processing.
As a non-limiting example, if on/off selection 362 (as shown in FIG. 3) is configured for “off”, then power is removed from voltage regulator 1008 (as shown in FIG. 10). Furthermore, voltage regulator 1008 (as shown in FIG. 10) removes power from device 100 (as shown in FIG. 1).
FIGS. 11A-B illustrates an example method for operation of the device and system as described with reference to FIGS. 1-10 where power is applied, an indication of power is presented, initialization is performed, device establishes communication with computing device, low battery processing and indication is performed, reset processing is perforated, medical emergency processing is performed, lock/unlock processing is performed, picture information is captured and communicated, deterrent processing is performed, audio information is broadcast, power is removed and power non-indication is performed.
Device 100 is securely attached to person via a belt and/or a wrist strap such that when person needs to operate device 1011, the device is readily available.
Devices and systems have been described which provide means and methods for providing wireless self-defense/emergency response capabilities. Furthermore, device may communicate wirelessly (e.g. Bluetooth) with a computing device (e.g. srnartphone) for communicating information to the monitoring system, and/or emergency authorities (e.g. police, fire, ambulance, etc.) in order to notify the monitor system and/or emergency authorities of an emergency situation. Furthermore, monitoring system may communicate information received from device to emergency authorities. As a nom-limiting example, a picture or image may be captured of an assailant or potential assailant for communication to emergency authorities. As a non-limiting example, picture/image information may be communicated via a text message and/or an email message from computing device (e.g. smartphone). Furthermore, picture/image information may be communicated via Short Message Service (SMS) and/or Microsoft Media Server (MMS). Furthermore, geographic location information (e.g. Global Positioning System (GPS)) may be communicated from computing device to monitoring system and/or emergency authorities. Furthermore, picture/image information may be communicated to a predetermined list of contacts associated with user (e.g. family, etc.). Furthermore, text information may be communicated from device to monitoring service and/or emergency authorities related to the need for possible assistance. Device may deploy a deterrent (e.g. pepper spray, mace, taser, etc.) when selected by user. Device may operate to broadcast an audio message informing an assailant or a possible assailant that his/her image/picture has been captured and communicated to emergency authorities. Furthermore, device may operate to broadcast an audible alarm in order to deter an assailant or possible assailant and to notify other persons in the vicinity of the device. Furthermore, broadcast audio information and audible alarm may be rebroadcast at a periodic interval. Device may also operate to notify medical personal of a medical emergency. As a non-limiting example, a different selection device may be made available for performing notification associated with medical emergencies. Furthermore, a text message of email message may be communicated to medial emergency personnel informing them of the medical emergency. Furthermore, geographic location information may be communicated to emergency personnel. Furthermore, picture/image information may also be communicated in a medical emergency situation. Furthermore, additional information associated with user may be communicated (e.g. medical condition, age, gender, address, etc.). Monitoring system may operate to support receiving and processing information from device and computing device 24 hours a day and seven days a week. As a non-limiting example, deterrent may be deployed via a spraying mechanism. Furthermore, information from device may be communicated to computing devices (e.g. smartphone) associated with emergency authorities (e.g. law enforcement, medical personnel, etc.).
In some embodiments, as non-limiting examples, camera may communicate a variety of image sizes, zoom configurations and quality. Furthermore, camera may communicate a variety of video configurations (e.g., size, zoom, quality, shutter, etc.).
In some alternative embodiments, device may be attached, to a firearm, stun gun or taser.
In some alternative embodiments, initiation of image capture/communication and deployment of deterrent may be automatically triggered via a triggering mechanism (e.g. opening a door, window, etc).
Network region 1402 may operate to communicate bi-directionally with global network 1406 via a communication channel 1412. Network region 1404 may operate to communicate bi-directionally with global network 1406 via a communication channel 1414. Server device 1408 may operate to communicate bi-directionally with global network 1406 via a communication channel 1416. Server device 1410 may operate to communicate bi-directionally with global network 1400 via a communication channel 1418. Network region 1402 and 1404, global network 1406 and server devices 1408 and 1410 may operate to communicate bi-directionally and also communicate bi-directionally with other networked device located within communication system 1400.
Computer system 1500 includes a quantity of processors 1502 (also referred to as central processing units, or CPUs) that may be coupled to storage devices including a primary storage 1506 (typically a random access memory, or RAM), a primary storage 1504 (typically a read-only memory, or ROM). CPU 1502 may be of various types including micro-controllers (e.g., with embedded RAM/ROM) and microprocessors such as programmable devices (e.g., RISC or SISC based, or CPLDs and FPGAs) and devices not capable of being programmed such as gate array ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) or general purpose microprocessors. As is web known in the art, primary storage 1504 acts to transfer data and instructions uni-directionally to the CPU and primary storage 1506 typically may be used to transfer data and instructions in a bi-directionally manner. The primary storage devices discussed previously may include any suitable computer-readable media such as those described above. A mass storage device 1508 may also be coupled bi-directionally to CPU 1502 and provides additional data storage-capacity and may include any of the computer-readable media described above. Mass storage device 1508 may be used to store programs, data and the like and typically may be used as a secondary storage medium such as a hard disk. It will be appreciated that the information retained within mass storage device 1508, may, in appropriate cases, be incorporated in standard fashion as part of primary storage 1506 as virtual memory. A specific mass storage device such as a CD-ROM 1514 may also pass data uni-directionally to the CPU.
CPU 1502 may also be coupled to an interface 1510 that connects to one or more input/output devices such as such as video monitors, track bails, mice, keyboards, microphones, touch-sensitive displays, transducer card readers, magnetic or paper tape readers, tablets, styluses, voice or handwriting recognizers, or other well-known input devices such as, of course, other computers. Finally, CPU 1502 optionally may be coupled to an external device such as a database or a computer or telecommunications or internet network using an external connection shown generally as a network 1512, which may be implemented as a hardwired or wireless communications link using suitable conventional technologies. With such a connection, the CPU might receive information from the network, or might output information to the network in the course of performing the method steps described in the teachings of the present invention.
It will be further apparent to those skilled in the art that at least a portion of the novel method steps and/or system components of the present invention may be practiced and/or located in location(s) possibly outside the jurisdiction of the United States of America (USA), whereby it will be accordingly readily recognized that at least a subset of the novel method steps and/or system components in the foregoing embodiments must be practiced within the jurisdiction of the USA for the benefit of an entity therein or to achieve an object of the present invention. Thus, some alternate embodiments of the present invention may be configured to comprise a smaller subset of the foregoing means for and/or steps described that the applications designer will selectively decide, depending upon the practical considerations of the particular Implementation, to carry out and/or locate within the jurisdiction of the USA. For example, any of the foregoing described method steps and/or system components which may be performed remotely over a network (e.g., without limitation, a remotely located server) may be performed and/or located outside of the jurisdiction of the USA while the remaining method steps and/or system components (e.g., without limitation, a locally located client) of the forgoing embodiments are typically required to he located/performed in the USA for practical considerations. In client-server architectures, a remotely located server typically generates and transmits required, information to a US based client, for use according to the teachings of the present invention. Depending upon the needs of the particular application, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, in light of the teachings of the present invention, which aspects of the present invention can or should be located locally and which can or should be located remotely. Thus, for any claims construction of the following claim limitations that are construed under 35 USC 517 112 (6) it is intended that the corresponding means for and/or steps for carrying out the claimed function are the ones that are locally implemented within the jurisdiction of the USA, while the remaining aspect(s) performed or located remotely outside the USA are not intended to be construed under 35 USC §1.12 (6). In some embodiments, the methods and/or system components which may be located and/or performed remotely include, without limitation: servers and global communication network.
It is noted that according to USA law, all claims must be set forth as a coherent, cooperating set of limitations that work in functional combination to achieve a useful result as a whole. Accordingly, for any claim having functional limitations interpreted under 35 USC §112 (6) where the embodiment in question is implemented as a client-server system with a remote server located outside of the USA, each such recited function is intended to mean the function of combining, in a logical manner, the information of that claim limitation with at least one other limitation of the claim. For example, in client-server systems where certain information claimed under 35 USC §112 (6) is/(are) dependent on one or more remote servers located outside the USA, it is intended that each such recited function under 35 USC §112 (6)is to be interpreted as the function of the local system receiving the remotely generated information required by a locally implemented claim limitation, wherein the structures and or steps which enable, and breath life into the expression of such functions claimed under 35 USC §1.12 (6) are the corresponding steps and/or means located within the jurisdiction of the USA that receive and deliver that information to the client (e.g., without limitation, client-side processing and transmission networks in the USA). When this application is prosecuted or patented under a jurisdiction other than the USA, the “USA” in the foregoing should be replaced with the pertinent country or countries or legal organization(s) having enforceable patent infringement jurisdiction over the present application, and “35 USC §112 (6)” should be replaced with the closest corresponding statute in the patent laws of such pertinent country or countries or legal organization(s).
Having fully described at least one embodiment of the present invention, other equivalent or alternative methods of devices and systems according to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The invention has been described above by way of illustration, and the specific embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed. For example, the particular implementation of the enclosure may vary depending upon the particular type deterrent used. The deterrents described in the foregoing were directed to spray implementations; however, similar techniques using non-spray (e.g. taser) implementations of the present invention are contemplated as within the scope of the present invention. The invention is thus to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives failing within the spirit and scope of the following claims.
establishing at a deterrent device a first wireless communications link with a mobile computing device, wherein the deterrent device is not the mobile computing device and the mobile computing device is not included in the deterrent device;
receiving at the deterrent device a user indication to initiate a deterrent;
activating an image capture device component of the deterrent device to capture at least one image in response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent;
transferring at least the image, via the first wireless communications link, from the deterrent device to the mobile computing device in which the mobile computing device establishes a connection via a second communication link to at least an emergency contact and at least transmits the image and user information to the emergency contact via the second communication link; and
initiating in response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent a releasing of the deterrent from the deterrent device.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the deterrent comprises a repellent spray.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the deterrent comprises an electric shock.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the deterrent comprises a laser deterrent.
5. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising broadcasting an audible alert in response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent.
6. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising receiving at the deterrent device a user indication to signal a medical alert.
7. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising communicating the user indication to signal the medical alert via the first wireless communication link to the mobile computing device in which the mobile computing device transmits via the second communication link the user indication to signal the medical alert and the user information to at least the emergency contact.
8. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the emergency contact includes a personal user Contact.
9. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the second communication link includes an Internet communication.
10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the user information at least in part comprises a location determined using GPS.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the emergency contact includes an emergency responder.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the emergency contact includes a monitoring service.
13. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the first wireless communications link utilizes a Bluetooth protocol.
14. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the mobile computing device comprises a mobile telephonic device.
15. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising activating a light.
a wireless communications unit configured to establish a first wireless communications link with a mobile computing device, wherein the apparatus is not the mobile computing device and the mobile computing device is not included in the apparatus;
a camera unit configured to capture at least one image in response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent;
a processor configured to transfer at least the image, via the first wireless communications link, from the apparatus to the mobile computing device, wherein the mobile computing device is configured to establish a connection via a second communication link to at least an emergency contact and at least transmit the image and user information to the emergency contact via the second communication link; and
a deterrent release unit configured to release the deterrent in response to the user indication to initiate the deterrent.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the deterrent comprises an electric shock.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the emergency contact includes a monitoring service.
19. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising an alert initiator unit configured to receive a user indication to signal a medical alert.
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