Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6591936?dq=6,799,467
Timestamp: 2015-04-02 04:32:02
Document Index: 64396806

Matched Legal Cases: ['application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09']

Patent US6591936 - Driving apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA driving apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle consists of a first driving unit for speed changing in advancing and reversing and a second driving unit for steering, which are arranged in a longitudinal row and are attached to a vehicle chassis. Each of the first driving unit and the...http://www.google.com/patents/US6591936?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6591936 - Driving apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicleAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6591936 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/837,418Publication dateJul 15, 2003Filing dateApr 19, 2001Priority dateNov 13, 2000Fee statusLapsedAlso published asUS6629577, US6648094, US6651770, US6874593, US20010045316, US20010045317, US20020007980, US20040060270Publication number09837418, 837418, US 6591936 B2, US 6591936B2, US-B2-6591936, US6591936 B2, US6591936B2InventorsRobert Abend, Kerwyn StollOriginal AssigneeTuff Torq CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (99), Non-Patent Citations (30), Referenced by (3), Classifications (10), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetDriving apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle
US 6591936 B2Abstract
a vehicle chassis; a prime mover mounted on said vehicle chassis; a pair of drive wheels; a first driving unit for driving said pair of drive wheels forwardly and backwardly at various speeds, said first driving unit including a pair of differentially connected first and second axles onto which said pair of drive wheels are mounted, a first transmission for driving said first and second axles, and a first output regulating member, wherein said first and second axles are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation of said first transmission determined by said first output regulating member; a second driving unit for generating a difference of rotary speed between said pair of drive wheels so as to steer a vehicle, said second driving unit including a pair of differentially connected first and second steering output shafts, a second transmission for driving said first and second steering output shafts, and a second output regulating member, wherein said first and second steering output shafts are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation of said second transmission determined by said second output regulating member, and wherein both said first transmission and said second transmission are drivingly connected to said prime mover; a first drive train interlocking said first axle and said first steering output shaft with each other so as to rotate said first axle and first steering output shaft in the same direction; and a second drive train interlocking said second axle and said second steering output shaft with each other so as to rotate said second axle and second steering output shaft in opposite directions, wherein, when said first transmission generates output rotation in each of opposite directions, if said second transmission generates rotational force in one of opposite directions so as to transmit equal rotational forces to said first and second steering output shafts, the rotational force of said first steering output shaft is transmitted as an accelerating force to said first axle through said first drive train, and the rotational force of said second steering output shaft is transmitted as a decelerating force to said second axle through said second drive train, and wherein, when said first transmission generates output rotation in each of opposite directions, if said second transmission generates rotational force in the other of opposite directions so as to transmit equal rotational forces to said first and second steering output shafts, the rotational force of said first steering output shaft is transmitted as a decelerating force to said first axle through said first drive train, and the rotational force of said second steering output shaft is transmitted as an accelerating force to said second axle through said second drive train. 2. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein an output shaft of said prime mover is disposed between input shafts of both said first and second transmissions.
3. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein pulleys are fixed onto said output shaft of said prime mover and said input shafts of both said first and second transmissions, respectively, and wherein all said pulleys are bound with a belt for power transmission.
4. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein said prime mover is an engine having a vertical crank shaft.
5. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:
a first differential mechanism as a part of said first driving unit, said first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; and a second differential mechanism as a part of said second driving unit, said second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second steering output shafts, wherein the output of said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 6. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:
a speed changing operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said driving output setting means, and a steering operating tool provided on said driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said second output regulating member, wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from a straight driving position to one of opposite sides, said second transmission generates output rotation in one of opposite directions, and wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from said straight driving position to the other of opposite sides, said second transmission generates output rotation in the other of opposite directions. 7. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least one of said first and second transmissions is a hydrostatic stepless transmission comprising a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor fluidly connected with each other.
8. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein, if said first transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said first output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
9. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein, if said second transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
10. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein each of said first and second transmissions is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, and wherein each of said first output regulating member and said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
11. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 10, further comprising:
a first differential mechanism as a part of said first driving unit, said first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; and a second differential mechanism as a part of said second driving unit, said second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second steering output shafts, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 12. A transaxle apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle, comprising:
a prime mover; a pair of first and second grounding drive wheels disposed at one of front and rear portions of a vehicle; at least one third grounding wheel disposed at the other of front and rear portions of said vehicle, said at least on third drive wheel being horizontally swingable with respect to said vehicle; a pair of first and second transmissions for driving and steering said vehicle respectively, said pair of first and second transmissions drivingly connected to said prime mover so as to transmit rotational force from said prime mover to said first and second drive wheels, wherein said first transmission includes a first output regulating member which is manually operated while limiting a degree of rotational movement from said prime mover to said first and second drive wheels so as to cause said vehicle to move at various speeds forwardly and backwardly, wherein said second transmission includes a second output regulating member which is manually operated so as to transmit the output of said second transmission to said first and second drive wheels, thereby accelerating one of said first and second drive wheels and decelerating the other of said first and second drive wheels so as to turn said vehicle; and a steering operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said second output regulating member, wherein said steering operating tool is shiftable from a straight position to a first shift side for left-turning and to a second shift side for right-turning, and wherein a degree of shifting of said steering operating tool from said straight to each of said first and second shift sides is changed so as to change relative speeds between said first and second drive wheels. 13. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein an output shaft of said prime mover is disposed between input shafts of both said first and second transmissions.
14. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 13, wherein pulleys are fixed onto said output shaft of said prime mover and said input shafts of both said first and second transmissions, respectively, and wherein all said pulleys are bound with a belt for power transmission.
15. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 13, wherein said prime mover is an engine having a vertical crank shaft.
16. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein said steering operating tool is a steering wheel.
17. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 12, further comprising:
a lever constituting said second output regulating member, and a linkage interposed between said lever and said steering operating tool, wherein said lever is provided with a neutral position corresponding to said straight position of said steering operating tool, and is rotatable from said neutral position in opposite directions corresponding to said first and second shift sides. 18. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 17, further comprising:
a steering wheel serving as said steering operating tool; a stem of said steering wheel; and a second lever interlocking with said stem of said steering wheel, wherein said linkage is interposed between said second lever and said lever of said second output regulating member. 19. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 18, further comprising:
a pinion provided on said stem of said steering wheel, and a sector gear serving as said second lever engaging with said pinion, wherein the rotation of said steering wheel is limited by a range of said sector gear. 20. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein said vehicle is provided with a mower unit.
21. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein said at least one third grounding wheel is a caster.
22. A transaxle apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle, comprising:
a vehicle chassis; a prime mover mounted on said vehicle chassis; a pair of drive wheels; a first driving unit for driving said pair of drive wheels forwardly and backwardly at various speeds, said first driving unit including a pair of differentially connected first and second axles onto which said pair of drive wheels are mounted, a first transmission for driving said first and second axles, and a first output regulating member, wherein said first and second axles are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation of said first transmission determined by said first output regulating member; a second driving unit for generating a difference of rotary speed between said pair of drive wheels so as to steer a vehicle, said second driving unit including a pair of differentially connected first and second steering output shafts, a second transmission for driving said first and second steering output shafts, and a second output regulating member, wherein said first and second steering output shafts are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation of said second transmission determined by said second output regulating member, and wherein both said first transmission and said second transmission are drivingly connected to said prime mover; a circular first rotary member fixed on said first axle; a circular second rotary member fixed on said first steering output shaft, said second rotary member being diametrically smaller than said first rotary member, wherein said first and second rotary members interlock with each other so as to be rotated in the same direction; a circular third rotary member fixed on said second axle; and a circular fourth rotary member fixed on said second steering output shaft, said fourth rotary member being diametrically smaller than said third rotary member, wherein said third and fourth rotary members interlock with each other so as to be rotated in the opposite direction. 23. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 22, wherein an output shaft of said prime mover is disposed between input shafts of both said first and second transmissions.
24. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 23, wherein pulleys are fixed onto said output shaft of said prime mover and said input shafts of both said first and second transmissions, respectively, and wherein all said pulleys are bound with a belt for power transmission.
25. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 24, wherein said prime mover is an engine having a vertical crank shaft.
26. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 22, further comprising:
a first differential mechanism as a part of said first driving unit, said first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; and a second differential mechanism as a part of said second driving unit, said second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second steering output shafts, wherein the output of said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 27. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 22, further comprising:
a speed changing operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said first output regulating member, and a steering operating tool provided on said driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said second output regulating member, wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from a straight driving position to one of opposite sides, said second transmission generates output rotation in one of opposite directions, and wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from said straight driving position to the other of opposite sides, said second transmission generates output rotation in the other of opposite directions. 28. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 22, wherein at least one of said first and second transmissions is a hydrostatic stepless transmission comprising a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor fluidly connected with each other.
29. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 28, wherein, if said first transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said first output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
30. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 28, wherein, if said second transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
31. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 28, wherein each of said first and second transmissions is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, and wherein each of said first output regulating member and said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
32. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 31, further comprising:
a first differential mechanism as a part of said first driving unit, said first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; and a second differential mechanism as a part of said second driving unit, said second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second steering output shafts, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 33. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 31, further comprising:
a speed changing operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said first output regulating member, and a steering operating tool provided on said driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said second output regulating member, wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from a straight driving position to one of opposite sides, said second transmission generates output rotation in one of opposite directions, and wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from said straight driving position to the other of opposite sides, said second transmission generates output rotation in the other of opposite directions. 34. A transaxle apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle, comprising:
a prime mover; a pair of first and second grounding drive wheels disposed at one of front and rear portions of a vehicle; at least one third grounding wheel disposed at the other of front and rear portions of said vehicle, said at least one third drive wheel being horizontally swingable with respect to said vehicle; a pair of first and second transmissions drivingly connected to said prime mover so as to transmit rotational force from said prime mover to said first and second drive wheels for driving and steering said vehicle respectively, wherein said first transmission includes a first output regulating member which is manually operated while limiting a degree of rotational movement from said prime mover to said first and second drive wheels so as to cause said vehicle to travel at various speeds forwardly and backwardly, wherein said second transmission whose output portion interlocks with said first and second drive wheels includes a second output regulating member so that said second transmission exerts an output force accelerating one of said first and second drive wheels and decelerating the other of said first and second drive wheels according to a manual operation of said second output regulating member, thereby turning said vehicle, and wherein an effective reduction ratio of a drive system structured from said second transmission to said first and second drive wheels is larger than an effective reduction ratio of a drive system structured from said first transmission to said first and second drive wheels. 35. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 34, wherein an output shaft of said prime mover is disposed between input shafts of both said first and second transmissions.
36. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 35, wherein pulleys are fixed onto said output shaft of said prime mover and said input shafts of both said first and second transmissions, respectively, and wherein all said pulleys are bound with a belt for power transmission.
37. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 35, wherein said prime mover is an engine having a vertical crank shaft.
38. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 34, further comprising:
a first axle fixed to said first drive wheel; a second axle fixed to said second drive wheel; a first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; a first steering output shaft interlocking with said first axle so that said first steering output shaft and said first axle are rotated in the same direction; a second steering output shaft interlocking with said second axle so that said second steering output shaft and said second axle are rotated in opposite directions; and a second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 39. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 34, further comprising:
a speed changing operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said first output regulating member, and a steering operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said second output regulating member, wherein said steering operating tool is shiftable from a straight position to a first shift side for left turning and to a second shift side for right-turning, and wherein a degree of shifting of said steering operating tool from said straight to each of said first and second shift sides is changed so as to change relative speeds between said first and second drive wheels. 40. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 39, further comprising:
a lever constituting said second output regulating member; and a linkage interposed between said lever and said steering operating tool, wherein said lever is provided with a neutral position corresponding to said straight traveling position of said steering operating tool, and is rotatable from said neutral position in opposite directions corresponding to said first and second shift sides. 41. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 40, further comprising:
a steering wheel serving as said steering operating tool; a stem of said steering wheel; a second lever interlocking with said stem of said steering wheel, wherein said linkage is interposed between said second lever and said lever of said second output regulating member. 42. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 41, further comprising:
a pinion provided on said stem of said steering wheel, and a sector gear serving as said second lever engaging with said pinion, wherein the rotation of said steering wheel is limited by a range of said sector gear. 43. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 33, wherein at least one of said first and second transmissions is a hydrostatic stepless transmission comprising a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor fluidly connected with each other.
44. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 42, wherein, if said first transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said first output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of one of said hydraulic pump and said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
45. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 42, wherein, if said second transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of one of said hydraulic pump and said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
46. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 43, wherein each of said first and second transmissions is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, and wherein each of said first output regulating member and said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of one of said hydraulic pump and said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
47. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 46, further comprising:
a first axle fixed to said first drive wheel; a second axle fixed to said second drive wheel; a first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; a first steering output shaft interlocking with said first axle so that said first steering output shaft and said first axle are rotated in the same direction; a second steering output shaft interlocking with said second axle so that said second steering output shaft and said second axle are rotated in opposite directions; and a second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 48. A transaxle apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle, comprising:
a vehicle chassis; a prime mover mounted on said vehicle chassis; a pair of drive wheels; a first driving unit for driving said pair of drive wheels forwardly and backwardly at various speeds, said first driving unit including a pair of differentially connected first and second axles onto which said pair of drive wheels are mounted, a first transmission for driving said first and second axles, and a first output regulating member, wherein said first and second axles are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation of said first transmission determined by said first output regulating member; a second driving unit for generating a difference of rotary speed between said pair of drive wheels so as to steer a vehicle, said second driving unit including a pair of differentially connected first and second steering output shafts, a second transmission for driving said first and second steering output shafts, and a second output regulating member, wherein said first and second steering output shafts are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation of said second transmission determined by said second output regulating member, wherein, if said first transmission generates output rotation in each of opposite directions and if said second transmission generates rotational force in one of opposite directions so as to transmit equal rotational forces to said first and second steering output shafts, then the rotational force of said first steering output shaft is transmitted as an accelerating force to said first axle, and the rotational force to said second steering output shaft is transmitted as a decelerating force to said second axle, and wherein, if said first transmission generates output rotation in each of opposite directions and if said second transmission generates rotational force in the other of opposite directions so as to transmit equal rotational forces to said first and second steering output shafts, then the rotational force of said first steering output shaft is transmitted as an accelerating force to said first axle, and the rotational force to said second steering output shaft is transmitted as a decelerating force to said second axle, and wherein both said first transmission and said second transmission are drivingly connected to said prime mover; and a steering operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said second output regulating member, wherein said steering operating tool is shifted toward a first side from a straight traveling position so as to make said second transmission generate an output rotation in one of opposite directions, wherein said steering operating tool is shifted toward a second side from said straight traveling position so as to make said second transmission generate the output rotation in the other of opposite directions, and wherein, when said steering operating tool is shifted from said straight traveling position toward each of said first and second sides beyond a certain degree corresponding to a speed of output rotation of said first transmission in each of opposite directions, said first and second axles are rotated opposite to each other. 49. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, wherein an output shaft of said prime mover is disposed between input shafts of both said first and second transmissions.
50. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, wherein pulleys are fixed onto said output shaft of said prime mover and said input shafts of both said first and second transmissions, respectively, and wherein all said pulleys are bound with a belt for power transmission.
51. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, wherein said prime mover is an engine having a vertical crank shaft.
52. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, further comprising:
a first drive train interlocking said first axle and said first steering output shaft with each other so as to rotate said first axle and first steering output shaft in the same direction; and a second drive train interlocking said second axle and said second steering output shaft with each other so as to rotate said second axle and second steering output shaft in opposite directions. 53. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 52, further comprising:
a pair of circular first and second rotary members constituting said first drive train, wherein said first rotary member fixed on said first axle is diametrically larger than said second rotary member fixed on said first steering output shaft, and wherein said first and second rotary members interlock with each other so as to be rotated in the same direction; and a pair of circular third and fourth rotary members constituting said second drive train, wherein said third rotary member fixed on said second axle is diametrically larger than said fourth rotary member fixed on said second steering output shaft, and wherein said third and fourth rotary members interlock with each other so as to be rotated in opposite directions. 54. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, further comprising:
a first differential mechanism as a part of said first driving unit, said first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; and a second differential mechanism as a part of said second driving unit, said second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second steering output shafts, wherein the output of said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 55. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, further comprising:
a speed changing operating tool provided on a driver's portion of said vehicle so as to interlock with said first output regulating member. 56. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 48, wherein at least one of said first and second transmissions is a hydrostatic stepless transmission comprising a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor fluidly connected with each other.
57. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 56, wherein, if said first transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said first output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
58. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 56, wherein, if said second transmission is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
59. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 56, wherein each of said first and second transmissions is said hydrostatic stepless transmission, and wherein each of said first output regulating member and said second output regulating member comprises a movable swash plate of said hydraulic pump or said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission.
60. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 59, further comprising:
a first differential mechanism as a part of said first driving unit, said first differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second axles, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said first transmission is transmitted to said first and second axles through said first differential mechanism; and a second differential mechanism as a part of said second driving unit, said second differential mechanism differentially connecting said first and second steering output shafts, wherein the output of said hydraulic motor of said hydrostatic stepless transmission as said second transmission is transmitted to said first and second steering output shafts through said second differential mechanism. 61. The transaxle apparatus as set forth in claim 18, wherein said prime mover is disposed at the front portion of the vehicle.
62. A mechanism for steering a vehicle comprising:
a vehicle engine; first and second drive wheels disposed at a rear portion of the vehicle; at least one third wheel, said third wheel being horizontally swingable with respect to said vehicle and disposed at a front portion of the vehicle; a transmission mounted on said vehicle including a first driving transmission and a second steering transmission, wherein said driving transmission is drivingly connected to said engine so as to transmit rotational movement from said engine to first and second axles coupled with respective said first and second drive wheels, said driving transmission further including a first output regulating member for limiting a degree of rotational movement from said engine to said first and second drive wheels, the first output regulating member being manually operated in order to cause said vehicle to move at various speeds forwardly and backwardly, and said steering transmission having an output portion interlocking with said first and second axles for transmitting output of said second transmission to said first and second drive wheels so as to turn said vehicle, said steering transmission being drivingly connected to said engine, said steering transmission further including a second output regulating member which controls the steering transmission, thereby accelerating one of said first and second drive wheels and decelerating the other of said first and second drive wheels as the second output regulating member is manually operated so as to turn said vehicle; a steering wheel interlocking with said second output regulating member manually operated so as to change the relative speeds between said first and second drive wheels, said steering wheel being shiftable from a straight position corresponding to straight vehicle travel to a first shift side for left-turning and to a second shift side for right-turning, wherein there is a limit on said steering wheel's range of motion; a linkage extending between the steering wheel and the steering transmission, said linkage including: a stem of said steering wheel; a first lever interlocking with said stem of said steering wheel, wherein said limit on said steering wheel's range of motion is determined by said first lever, a link coupled to said first lever; a control shaft constituting said second output regulating member and provided with a neutral position corresponding to said straight position of said steering wheel, said control shaft being rotatable from said neutral position in opposite directions corresponding to said first and second shift sides; a second lever interlocking with said control shaft and coupled to said link. 63. The mechanism as set forth in claim 62, wherein said first lever is a fan-shaped gear.
64. The mechanism as set forth in claim 63, further comprising a pinion provided in said stem of said steering wheel, wherein said pinion engages said fan-shaped gear.
65. The mechanism as set forth in claim 62, wherein said second lever comprises a control arm.
66. A mechanism for steering a vehicle comprising:
a vehicle engine; first and second drive wheels disposed at a rear portion of the vehicle; at least one third wheel, said third wheel being horizontally swingable with respect to said vehicle and disposed at a front portion of the vehicle; a transmission mounted on said vehicle including a first driving transmission and a second steering transmission, wherein said driving transmission is drivingly connected to said engine so as to transmit rotational movement from said engine to first and second axles coupled with respective said first and second drive wheels, said driving transmission further including a first output regulating member for limiting a degree of rotational movement from said engine to said first and second drive wheels, the first output regulating member being manually operated in order to cause said vehicle to move at various speeds forwardly and backwardly, and said steering transmission having an output portion interlocking with said first and second axles for transmitting output of said second transmission to said first and second drive wheels so as to turn said vehicle, said steering transmission being drivingly connected to said engine, said steering transmission further including a second output regulating member which controls the steering transmission, thereby accelerating one of said first and second drive wheels and decelerating the other of said first and second drive wheels as the second output regulating member is manually operated so as to turn said vehicle; a steering wheel interlocking with said second output regulating member manually operated so as to change relative speeds between said first and second drive wheels, said steering wheel being shiftable from a straight position corresponding to straight vehicle travel to a first shift side for left-turning and to a second shift side for right-turning; a linkage extending between the steering wheel and the steering transmission, said linkage including: a stem of said steering wheel; a first lever interlocking with said stem of said steering wheel; a link coupled to said first lever; a control shaft constituting said second output regulating member and provided with a neutral position corresponding to said straight position of said steering wheel, said control shaft being rotatable from said neutral position in opposite directions corresponding to said first and second shift sides; a second lever interlocking with said control shaft and coupled to said link. 67. The mechanism as set forth in claim 66, wherein said first lever is a fan-shaped gear.
68. The mechanism as set forth in claim 67, further comprising a pinion provided in said stem of said steering wheel, wherein said pinion engages said fan-shaped gear.
69. The mechanism as set forth in claim 66, wherein said second lever comprises a control arm.
a vehicle chassis; a prime mover mounted on said vehicle chassis; a driver's portion mounted on said vehicle chassis; a pair of drive wheels; left and right axles operatively connected with the respective drive wheels; a transmission carried by said vehicle chassis and operatively driven by said prime mover, said transmission including a first driving unit and a second driving unit; said first driving unit being operatively connected with said pair of drive wheels, said first driving unit including a first output regulating member shiftable between forward, reverse and neutral positions, wherein said axles are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation determined by said first output regulating member to drive said wheels at a plurality of speeds in forward and reverse directions; said second driving unit being operatively connected with said pair of drive wheels, said second driving unit including a second output regulating member for generating a difference of rotary speed between said pair of drive wheels so as to steer said vehicle; a speed changing operating tool provided on said driver's portion of said vehicle, said speed changing operating tool including at least a first foot pedal so as to interlock with said first output regulating member; and a steering wheel carried by the vehicle chassis and operatively connected with said second driving unit for enabling the driver to shift said second output regulating member. 71. The vehicle as set forth in claim 70 wherein a second foot pedal is operatively connected with said first output regulating member, and said first and second foot pedals are respectively shiftable to move said first output regulating member between forward and reverse positions.
72. The vehicle as set forth in claim 71 wherein said first and second foot pedals are mounted to swing forwardly in an arc as they respectively shift said first driving unit.
73. The vehicle as set forth in claim 72 wherein said first output regulating member includes a drive control arm which is shiftable between first and second positions as the first regulating member is moved from a forward to a reverse position and a drive linkage is provided between said speed changing operating tool and said drive control arm.
74. The vehicle as set forth in claim 73 wherein forwardly swinging movement of said first foot pedal shifts said drive linkage forwardly to shift said drive control arm forwardly.
75. The vehicle as set forth in claim 74 wherein a reversing connection is provided between said first and second foot pedals so that forward swinging movement of the second foot pedal swings the first foot pedal in a reverse direction and shifts said drive linkage rearwardly to in turn shift said drive control arm to the reverse position.
76. The vehicle as set forth in claim 73 wherein said first driving unit of the transmission includes a hydrostatic pump and motor, at least one of which includes said first output regulating member with said drive control arm being shiftable between a first forward position and a second rearward position.
77. The vehicle as set forth in claim 76 wherein said first output regulating member is on said pump and includes a swash plate to which said drive control arm is attached.
78. The vehicle as set forth in claim 70 wherein a mechanical connection extends between said steering wheel and said second output regulating member.
79. The vehicle as set forth in claim 78 wherein said second output regulating member includes a steering control arm which is shiftable between first and second positions as said second output regulating member is moved from forward and reverse positions, and the mechanical connection includes a steering linkage between the steering control arm and the steering wheel, with said steering linkage being respectively moveable between first and second positions.
80. The vehicle as set forth in claim 79 wherein said mechanical connection further includes a steering shaft to which said steering wheel is mounted, said steering shaft having a pinion gear mounted thereon that is engageable with a sector gear.
81. A vehicle comprising:
a vehicle chassis; a prime mover mounted on said vehicle chassis; a driver's portion mounted on said vehicle chassis; a pair of drive wheels; left and right axles operatively connected with the respective drive wheels; a hydrostatic transmission carried by said vehicle chassis and operatively driven by said prime mover, said transmission including a first driving unit and a second driving unit; said first driving unit being operatively connected with said pair of drive wheels and including a hydrostatic pump and motor, at least one of which includes a first output regulating member shiftable between forward, reverse and neutral positions, wherein said axles are driven according to a direction and speed of output rotation determined by said first output regulating member to drive said wheels at a plurality of speeds in forward and reverse directions; said second driving unit, including a hydrostatic pump and motor, at least one of which includes a second output regulating member for generating a difference of rotary speed between said pair of drive wheels so as to steer said vehicle; a speed changing operating tool provided on said driver's portion of said vehicle, said speed changing operating tool including at least a first foot pedal so as to interlock with said first output regulating member; and a steering wheel carried by the vehicle chassis and operatively connected with said second driving unit for enabling the driver to shift said second output regulating member. 82. The vehicle as set forth in claim 81 wherein there is also provided a fore and aft extending steering linkage which operatively interconnects said steering wheel and said second output regulating member.
83. The vehicle as set forth in claim 82 wherein said steering wheel is mounted on said vehicle chassis for rotational movement in a first and second direction, and is operatively interconnected with a sector gear to swingably move said sector gear in respective first and second directions as said steering wheel is rotatably moved between first and second directions.
84. The vehicle as set forth in claim 81 wherein said transmission is a dual differential transmission with said first driving unit including a first differential transmission and said second driving unit including a second differential transmission.
85. The vehicle as set forth in claim 81 wherein said first foot pedal is mounted on a pivot axis for swinging movement and operatively connected to a fore and aft extending drive linkage which is coupled with said first output regulating member.
86. The vehicle as set forth in claim 85 wherein said pivot axis extends generally laterally and said first foot pedal is operatively interconnected to said drive linkage to shift said drive linkage generally fore and aft.
87. The vehicle as set forth in claim 85 wherein said first foot pedal is swingably coupled with a swing arm to which said drive linkage is coupled.
88. The vehicle as set forth in claim 81 wherein the speed changing operating tool includes two foot pedals, one operatively connected with said first output regulating member to move said first output regulating member to said forward position and the other operatively connected to said first output regulating member to move said first output regulating member to said rearward position.
89. The vehicle as set forth in claim 81 wherein said steering wheel is operatively connected with said second drive unit of the transmission through a mechanical connection.
This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/700,147 filed Nov. 13, 2000, which is a 371 of PCT/US98/13811 filed Jul. 2, 1998.
A first object of the present invention is to provide a compact, low production cost driving apparatus for speed changing and steering of a vehicle with a transmission that includes a pair of similarly structured driving units, each of which comprises a housing, an HST, a differential gear unit drivingly connected with the HST, and a pair of differential output shafts, enabling a vehicle provided with the driving apparatus to be operated in a straight line without requiring adjustment to equalize the output of both driving units and to have a small turning radius.
In this embodiment, the speed changing operating tool is a horse shoe-shaped reverse connection or, speed change pedal 15. Speed change pedal 15 is pivoted at its longitudinally middle portion so that vehicle 1 advances by treading the front half portion (first pedal) of speed change pedal 15 and reverses by treading the rear half portion (second pedal) thereof. The speed of advancing and reversing of the vehicle can be steplessly controlled in proportion to degree of rotation of speed change pedal 15 by treading thereof. Speed change pedal 15 is shown constructed like a seesaw, but may alternatively be divided into two pedals. Other constructions can also replace it for a speed changing tool.
Second driving unit 22, which is disposed in a longitudinally opposite direction as first driving unit 21, similarly comprises housing 24 and a second HST including a hydraulic pump 71 and a hydraulic motor 72 contained in housing 24. A control shaft 73 for rotating a movable swash plate 76 of hydraulic pump 71 projects leftwardly from housing 24. A control arm 74 is fixed onto a portion of control shaft 73 out of housing 24 and is connected to steering wheel 14 through a link 75 and the like. Link 75 is compactly disposed substantially longitudinally below deck portion 12 a. As shown in FIG. 6, a pinion 77 is fixed onto a basic portion of a stem (shaft) of steering wheel 14 and engages with a fan-shaped gear 78. Sector gear 78 is connected with link 75. Thus, by rotational operation of steering wheel 14, gear 78 engages with pinion 77 and is rotated at reduced speed, so as to rotate movable swash plate 76 through link 75. Steering wheel 14 is rotatable from a straight travelling position in two opposite directions to the limits determined by gear 78.
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Co., Ltd.Multi-wheel vehicleUS8162094 *Jun 7, 2011Apr 24, 2012The United States Of America, As Represented By The Administrator Of The U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyHydraulic hybrid vehicle with large-ratio shift transmission and method of operation thereofUS20110232418 *Jun 7, 2011Sep 29, 2011Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Administrator Of The U.S. EpaHydraulic hybrid vehicle with large-ratio shift transmission and method of operation thereof* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification180/367, 180/305, 180/6.2International ClassificationB60K17/10, B62D11/18Cooperative ClassificationB60Y2200/223, B62D11/18, B60K17/105European ClassificationB60K17/10T, B62D11/18Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionSep 6, 2011FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20110715Jul 15, 2011LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesFeb 21, 2011REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedJan 5, 2007FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services