Source: http://alohub.com/what-will-the-bail-statutes-look-like-in-january/
Timestamp: 2019-11-20 01:07:28
Document Index: 384273472

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 500', '§ 510', '§ 510', '§ 510', '§ 510', '§ 510', '§ 510', '§ 510', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530', '§ 530']

Here is what Title P of the Criminal Procedure Law (Articles 500 et seq) will look like in the new year. The strike provisions have been removed and amendments inserted. ARTICLE 520 was repealed by the changes. ARTICLE 540 is unchanged and therefore not included here.
§ 500.10Recognizance, bail and commitment; definitions of terms.
1. “Principal” means a defendant in a criminal action or proceeding, or a person adjudged a material witness therein, or any other person so involved therein that the principal may by law be compelled to appear before a court for the purpose of having such court exercise control over the principal’s person to secure the principal’s future attendance at the action or proceeding when required, and who in fact either is before the court for such purpose or has been before it and been subjected to such control.
2. “Release on own recognizance.” A court releases a principal on the principal’s own recognizance when, having acquired control over the principal’s person, it permits the principal to be at liberty during the pendency of the criminal action or proceeding involved upon condition that the principal will appear thereat whenever the principal’s attendance may be required and will at all times render the principal amenable to the orders and processes of the court.
3. “Fix bail.” A court fixes bail when, having acquired control over the person of a principal, it designates a sum of money and stipulates that, if bail in such amount is posted on behalf of the principal and approved, it will permit him to be at liberty during the pendency of the criminal action or proceeding involved.
3-a. “Release under non-monetary conditions”. A court releases a principal under non-monetary conditions when, having acquired control over a person, it permits the person to be at liberty during the pendency of the criminal action under conditions set by the court, which shall be the least restrictive that will reasonably assure the principal’s return appearance in court. Such conditions may include, among others, that the principal shall be in contact with a pretrial services agency serving principals in that county; that the principal shall abide by specified restrictions on association or travel that are reasonably related to a risk of flight from the jurisdiction; that the principal shall refrain from possessing a firearm, destructive device or other dangerous weapon; that the person be placed in pretrial supervision with a pretrial services agency serving principals in that county; that the person be monitored with an approved electronic monitoring device. A principal shall not be required to pay for any part of the cost of release under non-monetary conditions, including, but not limited to, electronic monitoring.
4. “Commit to the custody of the sheriff.” A court commits a principal to the custody of the sheriff when, having acquired control over his person, it orders that he be confined in the custody of the sheriff pending the outcome of a hearing under article five hundred forty-five of this title, as to whether the individual shall be ordered into pretrial detention.
5. “Securing order” means an order of a court that either releases a principal under personal recognizance, or releases the principal under non-monetary conditions, all with the direction that the principal return to court for future court appearances and to be at all times amendable to the orders and processes of the court.
6. “Pretrial detention”. A county or superior court may commit a principal to pretrial detention if, after a hearing and making such findings as specified in article five hundred forty-five of this title, a judge so orders detention.
7. “Application for recognizance or bail” means an application by a principal that the court, instead of committing him to or retaining him in the custody of the sheriff, either release him on his ownrecognizance or fix bail.
8. “Post bail” means to deposit bail in the amount and form fixed by the court, with the court or with some other authorized public servant or agency.
9. “Bail” means cash bail or a bail bond.
10. “Cash bail” means a sum of money, in the amount designated in an order fixing bail, posted by a principal or by another person on his behalf with a court or other authorized public servant or agency, upon the condition that such money will become forfeit to the people of the state of New York if the principal does not comply with the directions of a court requiring his attendance at the criminal action or proceeding involved or does not otherwise render himself amenable to the orders and processes of the court.
11. “Obligor” means a person who executes a bail bond on behalf of a principal and thereby assumes the undertaking described therein. The principal himself may be an obligor.
12. “Surety” means an obligor who is not a principal.
13. “Bail bond” means a written undertaking, executed by one or more obligors, that the principal designated in such instrument will, while at liberty as a result of an order fixing bail and of the posting of the bail bond in satisfaction thereof, appear in a designated criminal action or proceeding when his attendance is required and otherwise render himself amenable to the orders and processes of the court, and that in the event that he fails to do so the obligor or obligors will pay to the people of the state of New York a specified sum of money, in
14. “Appearance bond” means a bail bond in which the only obligor is the principal.
15. “Surety bond” means a bail bond in which the obligor or obligors consist of one or more sureties or of one or more sureties and the principal.
16. “Insurance company bail bond” means a surety bond, executed in the form prescribed by the superintendent of financial services, in which the surety-obligor is a corporation licensed by the superintendent of financial services to engage in the business of executing bail bonds.
17. “Secured bail bond” means a bail bond secured by either:
(a) Personal property which is not exempt from execution and which, over and above all liabilities and encumbrances, has a value equal to or greater than the total amount of the undertaking; or
(b) Real property having a value of at least twice the total amount of the undertaking. For purposes of this paragraph, value of real property is determined by either:
(i) dividing the last assessed value of such property by the last given equalization rate or in a special assessing unit, as defined in article eighteen of the real property tax law, the appropriate class ratio established pursuant to section twelve hundred two of such law of the assessing municipality wherein the property is situated and by deducting from the resulting figure the total amount of any liens or
(ii) the value of the property as indicated in a certified appraisal report submitted by a state certified general real estate appraiser duly licensed by the department of state as provided in section one hundred sixty-j of the executive law, and by deducting from the appraised value the total amount of any liens or other encumbrances upon such property. A lien report issued by a title insurance company licensed under article sixty-four of the insurance law, that guarantees the correctness of lien search conducted by it, shall be presumptive proof of liens upon the property.
18. “Partially secured bail bond” means a bail bond secured only by a deposit of a sum of money not exceeding ten percent of the total amount of the undertaking.
19. “Unsecured bail bond” means a bail bond, other than an insurance company bail bond, not secured by any deposit of or lien upon property.
20. “Court” includes, where appropriate, a judge authorized to act as described in a particular statute, though not as a court.
§ 510.10 Securing order; when required; alternatives available; standard to be applied.
1. When a principal, whose future court attendance at a criminal action or proceeding is or may be required, initially comes under the control of a court, such court shall, by a securing order release the principal pending trial on the
principal’s personal recognizance, unless the court finds on the record that release on recognizance will not reasonably assure the individual’s court attendance. In such instances, the court will release the individual under non-monetary conditions, selecting the least restrictive alternative that will reasonably assure the principal’s court attendance. The court will support its choice of alternative on the record.
2.Notwithstanding the above, in cases where the people indicate that they intend to move for pretrial detention as set out in article five hundred forty-five of this title, the court may commit the defendant to the custody of the sheriff or issue a securing order in accordance with article five hundred forty-five of this title.
3. When a securing order is revoked or otherwise terminated in the course of an uncompleted action or proceeding but the principal’s future court attendance still is or may be required and the principal is still under the control of a court, a new securing order must be issued. When the court revokes or otherwise terminates a securing order which committed the principal to the custody of the sheriff, the court shall give written notification to the sheriff of such revocation or termination of the securing order.
§ 510.15 Commitment of principal under sixteen.
When a principal who is under the age of sixteen is committed to the custody of the sheriff the court must direct that the principal be taken to and lodged in a place certified by the state division for youth as a juvenile detention facility for the reception of children. Where such a direction is made the sheriff shall deliver the principal in accordance therewith and such person shall although lodged and cared for in a juvenile detention facility continue to be deemed to be in the custody of the sheriff. No principal under the age of sixteen to whom the provisions of this section may apply shall be detained in any prison, jail, lockup, or other place used for adults convicted of a crime or under arrest and charged with the commission of a crime without the approval of the state division for youth in the case of each principal and the statement of its reasons therefor. The sheriff shall not be liable for any acts done to or by such principal resulting from negligence in the detention of and care for such principal, when the principal is not in the actual custody of the sheriff.
Except upon consent of the defendant or for good cause shown, in any case in which a new securing order is issued for a principal previously committed to the custody of the sheriff pursuant to this section, such order shall further direct the sheriff to deliver the principal from a juvenile detention facility to the person or place specified in the order.
§ 510.20 Application for a change in securing order based on a material change of circumstances.
1. Upon any occasion when a court has issued a securing order with respect to a principal, the defendant or the people may make an application for a different securing order due to a material change of circumstances.
2. Upon such application, the principal or the people must be accorded an opportunity to be heard and to contend that a different securing order must or should issue because, due to a material change in circumstances, the current order is either too restrictive or not restrictive enough to reasonably ensure a defendant’s appearance in court. In acting upon such an application, the court shall select the least restrictive alternative that will reasonably ensure a court appearance.
§ 510.30 Application for securing order; rules of law and criteria controlling determination.
With respect to any principal, the court in all cases, unless otherwise provided by law, must impose the least restrictive kind and degree of control or restriction that is necessary to secure the principal’s court attendance when required. In determining that matter, the court must, on the basis of available information, consider and take into account:
if the principal is a defendant, the charges facing the principal;
the principal’s criminal record if any; provided that the court must also consider the time that has elapsed since the occurrence of the crime or crimes and the age of the principal at the time of the occurrence of such delinquent or youthful offender conduct;
the principal’s record of previous adjudication as a juvenile delinquent, as retained pursuant to section 354.2 of the family court act, or, of pending cases where fingerprints are retained pursuant to section 306.1 of such act, or a youthful offender, if any; provided that the court must also consider the time that has elapsed since the occurrence of the crime or crimes and the age of the principal at the time of the occurrence of such delinquent or youthful offender conduct;
the principal’s previous record if any in responding to court appearances when required or with respect to flight to avoid criminal prosecution;
where the principal is charged with a crime or crimes against a member or members of the same family or household as that term is defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this title, the following factors:
any violation by the principal of an order of protection issued by any court for the protection of a member or members of the same family or household as that term is defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this title, whether or not such order of protection is currently in effect; and
If the principal is a defendant, the weight of the evidence against the principal in the pending criminal action and any other factor indicating probability or improbability of conviction; or, in the case of an application for securing order pending appeal, the merit or lack of merit of the appeal; and
If the principal is a defendant, the sentence which may be or has been imposed upon conviction;
If the principal is a defendant-appellant in a pending appeal from a judgment of conviction, the court must also consider the likelihood of ultimate reversal of the judgment. A determination that the appeal is palpably without merit alone justifies, but does not require, a denial of the application, regardless of any determination made with respect to the factors specified in this paragraph.
§ 510.40 Notification to principal by court of conditions of release and penalties for violations of release.
Upon ordering that a principal be released on the principal’s own recognizance, or released under non-monetary conditions, the court must direct the principal to appear in the criminal action or proceeding involved whenever the principal’s attendance may be required and to be at all times amenable to the orders and processes of the court. If the principal is a defendant, the court shall also direct the defendant not to commit a crime while at liberty upon the court’s securing order. If such principal is in the custody of the sheriff at the time of the order, the court must direct that the principal be discharged from such custody.
If the principal is released under non-monetary conditions, the court shall, in the document authorizing the principal’s release, notify the principal of:
any of the conditions under which the principal is subject, in addition to the directions in subdivision one of this section, in a manner sufficiently clear and specific to serve as a guide for the principal’s conduct; and
the consequences for violation of those conditions, which could include revoking of the securing order, setting of a more restrictive securing order, or, after a motion and a hearing prescribed in article five hundred forty-five of this title, pretrial detention.
§ 510.41 Provisions regarding non-monetary conditions of release.
Non-monetary conditions of release shall, for each individual, require the least degree of restrictions or required actions that will reasonably ensure the individual’s court attendance. At future court appearances, the court shall consider a lessening of the conditions or modification of conditions to a less burdensome form based on the principal’s compliance with existing conditions of release.
(a) Electronic monitoring of a principal’s location may be ordered only if the individual is charged with a felony, or a misdemeanor crime involving a person who is a member of the same household as defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this title, and if the court finds, after notice and an opportunity to be heard and an individualized determination explained on the record or in writing, that no other non-monetary condition or sets of conditions will reasonably ensure a principal’s return to court.
(b) The specific method of electronic monitoring of the principal’s location must be approved by the court. It must be the least restrictive method and procedure that will reasonably ensure the principal’s return to court, and unobtrusive to the greatest extent possible.
(c) Electronic monitoring orders shall be reviewed at least every sixty days to ascertain whether they are the least restrictive means of reasonably ensuring an individual’s court attendance and whether there are less burdensome methods of ensuring such attendance.
In the event of non compliance with the conditions of release, the court, upon motion by the people and only after affording the defendant and defendant’s counsel notice of the alleged noncompliance and an opportunity to be heard, may revoke and modify the securing order. In determining whether to revoke and modify the securing order, the court must consider the facts, nature, willfulness, and the seriousness of the noncompliance. The court may only set a more restrictive condition or conditions if it finds that such conditions are necessary to reasonably ensure the defendant’s appearance in court.
§ 510.43 Court appearances; additional notifications.
The court, or, upon direction of the court, a certified pretrial services agency, shall, in addition to verbal notifications during court appearances, make best efforts to notify all principals released under recognizance and under non-monetary conditions of all court appearances
19 in advance by text message, electronic mail, phone call or first class mail. The chief administrator of the courts shall, pursuant to subdivision one of section 10.40 of this chapter, develop a form which shall be offered to the principal at the principal’s initial court appearance, by which the principal may select one such preferred method of notice. The form shall be retained in the court file. In no instance, however, shall the principal’s failure to receive such additional notifications in addition to verbal notification at court appearances, constitute grounds to excuse the principal’s failure to appear at court proceedings.
510.45 Pretrial service agencies.
Pretrial services shall be provided by a county probation department or nonprofit pretrial service agency. The department or agency mustbe approved by the division of criminal justice services and certified by the office of court administration. The department or agency will advise the court on a principal’s release on recognizance or under non-monetary conditions and monitor principals released under conditions of non-monetary release. The division of criminal justice services shall promulgate regulations for the operation of approved pretrial agencies, which shall include data collection and reporting requirements on principals served. The office of court administration shall maintain a listing on its public website identifying each pretrial services agency so certified in the state. A county shall be authorized to enter into a contract with another county or municipality to provide pretrial services.
Any criteria, instrument, or tool used to inform a pretrial service agency’s recommendation to the court about pretrial conditions shall be made available to the principal and the principal’s counsel. Any criteria, instrument or tool used may consider risk of failing to appear in court and shall not contain a measure of a person’s general risk to public safety. Any blank form of the criteria, instrument or tool used in the county for such purpose shall be made available to any person promptly upon request. If scores are calculated to predict the risk of failure to appear, the scoring formula shall be made available. Any tool used to predict failure to appear shall be periodically validated, with validation studies available upon request.
When the attendance of a principal confined in the custody of the sheriff is required at the criminal action or proceeding at a particular time and place, the court may compel such attendance by directing the sheriff to produce such principal at such time and place. If the principal is at liberty on the principal’s own recognizance or non-monetary conditions, the principal’s attendance may be achieved or compelled by various methods, including notification and the issuance of a bench warrant, prescribed by law in provisions governing such matters with respect to the particular kind of action or proceeding involved.
§ 530.10 Securing orders; in general.
Under circumstances prescribed in this article, a court, upon application of a defendant charged with or convicted of an offense, is to issue a securing order for the release or prospective release of such defendant during the pendency of either:
2. An appeal taken by the defendant from a judgment of conviction or a sentence or from an order of an intermediate appellate court affirming or modifying a judgment of conviction or a sentence.
1. Jurisdiction. The family court and the criminal courts shall have concurrent jurisdiction over any proceeding concerning acts which would constitute disorderly conduct, harassment in the first degree, harassment in the second degree, aggravated harassment in the second degree, sexual misconduct, forcible touching, sexual abuse in the third degree, sexual abuse in the second degree as set forth in subdivision one of section 130.60 of the penal law, stalking in the first degree, stalking in the second degree, stalking in the third degree, stalking in the fourth degree, criminal mischief, menacing in the second degree, menacing in the third degree, reckless endangerment, strangulation in the first degree, strangulation in the second degree, criminal obstruction of breathing or blood circulation, assault in the second degree, assault in the third degree or an attempted assault between spouses or former spouses, or between parent and child or between members of the same family or household except that if the respondent would not be criminally responsible by reason of age pursuant to section 30.00 of the penal law, then the family court shall have exclusive jurisdiction over such proceeding. Notwithstanding a complainant’s election to proceed in family court, the criminal court shall not be divested of jurisdiction to hear a family offense proceeding pursuant to this section. For purposes of this section, “disorderly conduct” includes disorderly conduct not in a public place. For purposes of this section, “members of the same family or household” with respect to a proceeding in the criminal courts shall mean the following:
(d) persons who have a child in common, regardless of whether such
2. Information to petitioner or complainant. The chief administrator of the courts shall designate the appropriate probation officers, warrant officers, sheriffs, police officers, district attorneys or any other law enforcement officials, to inform any petitioner or complainant bringing a proceeding under this section before such proceeding is commenced, of the procedures available for the institution of family offense proceedings, including but not limited to the following:
(b) That a family court proceeding is a civil proceeding and is for the purpose of attempting to stop the violence, end family disruption and obtain protection. That referrals for counseling, or counseling
(d) That a proceeding or action subject to the provisions of this section is initiated at the time of the filing of an accusatory instrument or family court petition, not at the time of arrest, or
(f) That an arrest may precede the commencement of a family court or a criminal court proceeding, but an arrest is not a requirement for commencing either proceeding.
(h) At such time as the complainant first appears before the court on a complaint or information, the court shall advise the complainant that the complainant may: continue with the proceeding in criminal court; or have the allegations contained therein heard in a family court proceeding; or proceed concurrently in both criminal and family court. Notwithstanding a complainant’s election to proceed in family court, the criminal court shall not be divested of jurisdiction to hear a family offense proceeding pursuant to this section;
(i) Nothing herein shall be deemed to limit or restrict complainant’s rights to proceed directly and without court referral in either a criminal or family court, or both, as provided for in section one hundred fifteen of the family court act and section 100.07 of this chapter;
2-a. Upon the filing of an accusatory instrument charging a crime or violation described in subdivision one of this section between members of the same family or household, as such terms are defined in this section, or as soon as the complainant first appears before the court, whichever is sooner, the court shall advise the complainant of the right to proceed in both the criminal and family courts, pursuant to section 100.07 of this chapter.
4. When a person is arrested for an alleged family offense or an alleged violation of an order of protection or temporary order of protection or arrested pursuant to a warrant issued by the supreme or family court, and the supreme or family court, as applicable, is not in session, such person shall be brought before a local criminal court in the county of arrest or in the county in which such warrant is returnable pursuant to article one hundred twenty of this chapter. Such local criminal court may issue any order authorized under subdivision eleven of section 530.12 of this article, section one hundred fifty-four-d or one hundred fifty-five of the family court act or subdivision three-b of section two hundred forty or subdivision two-a of section two hundred fifty-two of the domestic relations law, in addition to discharging other arraignment responsibilities as set forth in this chapter. In making such order, the local criminal court shall consider the securing order, if any, made by the supreme or family court as indicated on the warrant or certificate of warrant. Unless the petitioner or complainant requests otherwise, the court, in addition to scheduling further criminal proceedings, if any, regarding such alleged family offense or violation allegation, shall make such matter returnable in the supreme or family court, as applicable, on the next day such court is in session.
§ 530.12 Protection for victims of family offenses.
1. When a criminal action is pending involving a complaint charging any crime or violation between spouses, former spouses, parent and child, or between members of the same family or household, as members of the same family or household are defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article, the court, in addition to any other powers conferred upon it by this chapter may issue a temporary order of protection in conjunction with any securing order committing the defendant to the custody of the sheriff or as a condition of any order of recognizance or bail or an adjournment in contemplation of dismissal.
(a) In addition to any other conditions, such an order may require the defendant:
(1) to stay away from the home, school, business or place of employment of the family or household member or of any designated witness, provided that the court shall make a determination, and shall state such determination in a written decision or on the record, whether to impose a condition pursuant to this paragraph, provided further, however, that failure to make such a determination shall not affect the validity of such temporary order of protection. In making such determination, the court shall consider, but shall not be limited to consideration of, whether the temporary order of protection is likely to achieve its purpose in the absence of such a condition, conduct subject to prior orders of protection, prior incidents of abuse, past or present injury, threats, drug or alcohol abuse, and access to weapons;
(3) to refrain from committing a family offense, as defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article, or any criminal offense against the child or against the family or household member or against any person to whom custody of the child is awarded, or from harassing, intimidating or threatening such persons;
(4) to refrain from acts of commission or omission that create an unreasonable risk to the health, safety and welfare of a child, family or household member’s life or health;
(5) to permit a designated party to enter the residence during a specified period of time in order to remove personal belongings not in issue in this proceeding or in any other proceeding or action under this chapter, the family court act or the domestic relations law;
(6) (A) to refrain from intentionally injuring or killing, without justification, any companion animal the defendant knows to be owned, possessed, leased, kept or held by the victim or a minor child residing in the household.
(B) “Companion animal”, as used in this section, shall have the same meaning as in subdivision five of section three hundred fifty of the agriculture and markets law;
(7) (A) to promptly return specified identification documents to the protected party, in whose favor the order of protection or temporary order of protection is issued; provided, however, that such order may:
(i) include any appropriate provision designed to ensure that any such document is available for use as evidence in this proceeding, and available if necessary for legitimate use by the party against whom such
(B) For purposes of this subparagraph, “identification document” shall mean any of the following: (i) exclusively in the name of the protected party: birth certificate, passport, social security card, health insurance or other benefits card, a card or document used to access bank, credit or other financial accounts or records, tax returns, any driver’s license, and immigration documents including but not limited to a United States permanent resident card and employment authorization document; and (ii) upon motion and after notice and an opportunity to be
heard, any of the following, including those that may reflect joint use or ownership, that the court determines are necessary and are appropriately transferred to the protected party: any card or document used to access bank, credit or other financial accounts or records, tax returns, and any other identifying cards and documents.
(b) The court may issue an order, pursuant to section two hundred twenty-seven-c of the real property law, authorizing the party for whose benefit any order of protection has been issued to terminate a lease or rental agreement pursuant to section two hundred twenty-seven-c of the real property law.
2. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a temporary order of protection issued or continued by a family court pursuant to section eight hundred thirteen of the family court act shall continue in effect, absent action by the appropriate criminal court pursuant to subdivision three of this section, until the defendant is arraigned upon an accusatory instrument filed pursuant to section eight hundred thirteen of the family court act in such criminal court.
3. The court may issue a temporary order of protection ex parte upon the filing of an accusatory instrument and for good cause shown. When a family court order of protection is modified, the criminal court shall forward a copy of such modified order to the family court issuing the original order of protection; provided, however, that where a copy of the modified order is transmitted to the family court by facsimile or other electronic means, the original copy of such modified order and accompanying affidavit shall be forwarded immediately thereafter.
3-a. Emergency powers when family court not in session; issuance of
temporary orders of protection. Upon the request of the petitioner, a local criminal court may on an ex parte basis issue a temporary order of protection pending a hearing in family court, provided that a sworn affidavit, verified in accordance with subdivision one of section 100.30 of this chapter, is submitted: (i) alleging that the family court is not in session; (ii) alleging that a family offense, as defined in subdivision one of section eight hundred twelve of the family court act and subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article, has been committed; (iii) alleging that a family offense petition has been filed or will be filed in family court on the next day the court is in session; and (iv) showing good cause. Upon appearance in a local criminal court, the petitioner shall be advised that he or she may continue with the proceeding either in family court or upon the filing of a local criminal court accusatory instrument in criminal court or both. Upon issuance of a temporary order of protection where petitioner requests that it be returnable in family court, the local criminal court shall transfer the matter forthwith to the family court and shall make the matter returnable in family court on the next day the family court is in session, or as soon thereafter as practicable, but in no event more than four calendar days after issuance of the order. The local criminal court, upon issuing a temporary order of protection returnable in family court pursuant to this subdivision, shall immediately forward, in a manner designed to insure arrival before the return date set in the order, a copy of the temporary order of protection and sworn affidavit to the family court and shall provide a copy of such temporary order of protection to the petitioner; provided, however, that where a copy of the temporary order of protection and affidavit are transmitted to the family court by facsimile or other electronic means, the original order and affidavit shall be forwarded to the family court immediately thereafter. Any temporary order of protection issued pursuant to this subdivision shall be issued to the respondent, and copies shall be filed as required in subdivisions six and eight of this section for orders of protection issued pursuant to this section. Any temporary order of protection issued pursuant to this subdivision shall plainly state the date that such order expires which, in the case of an order returnable in family court, shall be not more than four calendar days after its issuance, unless sooner vacated or modified by the family court. A petitioner requesting a temporary order of protection returnable in family court pursuant to this subdivision in a case in which a family court petition has not been filed shall be informed that such temporary order of protection shall expire as provided for herein, unless the petitioner files a petition pursuant to subdivision one of section eight hundred twenty-one of the family court act on or before the return date in family court and the family court issues a temporary order of protection or order of protection as authorized under article eight of the family court act. Nothing in this subdivision shall limit or restrict the petitioner’s right to proceed directly and without court referral in either a criminal or family court, or both, as provided for in section one hundred fifteen of the family court act and section 100.07 of this chapter.
3-b. Emergency powers when family court not in session; modifications of orders of protection or temporary orders of protection. Upon the request of the petitioner, a local criminal court may on an ex parte basis modify a temporary order of protection or order of protection which has been issued under article four, five, six or eight of the family court act pending a hearing in family court, provided that a sworn affidavit verified in accordance with subdivision one of section 100.30 of this chapter is submitted: (i) alleging that the family court is not in session and (ii) showing good cause, including a showing that the existing order is insufficient for the purposes of protection of the petitioner, the petitioner’s child or children or other members of the petitioner’s family or household. The local criminal court shall make the matter regarding the modification of the order returnable in family court on the next day the family court is in session, or as soon thereafter as practicable, but in no event more than four calendar days after issuance of the modified order. The court shall immediately forward a copy of the modified order, if any, and sworn affidavit to the family court and shall provide a copy of such modified order, if any, and affidavit to the petitioner; provided, however, that where copies of such modified order and affidavit are transmitted to the family court by facsimile or other electronic means, the original copies of such
modified order and affidavit shall be forwarded to the family court immediately thereafter. Any modified temporary order of protection or order of protection issued pursuant to this subdivision shall be issued to the respondent and copies shall be filed as required in subdivisions six and eight of this section for orders of protection issued pursuant to this section.
4. The court may issue or extend a temporary order of protection ex parte or on notice simultaneously with the issuance of a warrant for the arrest of defendant. Such temporary order of protection may continue in effect until the day the defendant subsequently appears in court pursuant to such warrant or voluntarily or otherwise.
5. Upon sentencing on a conviction for any crime or violation between spouses, between a parent and child, or between members of the same family or household as defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article, the court may in addition to any other disposition, including a conditional discharge or youthful offender adjudication, enter an order of protection. Where a temporary order of protection was issued, the court shall state on the record the reasons for issuing or not issuing an order of protection. The duration of such an order shall be fixed by the court and, in the case of a felony conviction, shall not exceed the greater of: (i) five years from the date of such sentencing, or (ii) three years from the date of the expiration of the maximum term of an indeterminate sentence of imprisonment actually imposed; or in the case of a conviction for a class A misdemeanor, shall not exceed three years from the date of such sentencing; or in the case of a conviction for any other offense, shall not exceed one year from the date of sentencing. For purposes of determining the duration of an order of protection entered pursuant to this subdivision, a conviction shall be deemed to include a conviction that has been replaced by a youthful offender adjudication. In addition to any other conditions, such an order may require the defendant: (a) to stay away from the home, school, business or place of employment of the family or household member, the other spouse or the child, or of any witness designated by the court, provided that the court shall make a determination, and shall state such determination in a written decision or on the record, whether to impose a condition pursuant to this paragraph, provided further, however, that failure to make such a determination shall not affect the validity of such order of protection. In making such determination, the court shall consider, but shall not be limited to consideration of, whether the order of protection is likely to achieve its purpose in the absence of such a condition, conduct subject to prior orders of protection, prior incidents of abuse, extent of past or present injury, threats, drug or alcohol abuse, and access to weapons; (b) to permit a parent, or a person entitled to visitation by a court order or a separation agreement, to visit the child at stated periods; (c) to refrain from committing a family offense, as defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article, or any criminal offense against the child or against the family or household member or against any person to whom custody of the child is awarded, or from harassing, intimidating or threatening such persons; or (d) to refrain from acts of commission or omission that create an unreasonable risk to the health, safety and welfare of a child, family or household member’s life or health; (e) to permit a designated party to enter the residence during a specified period of time in order to remove personal belongings not in issue in this proceeding or in any other proceeding or action under this chapter, the family court act or the domestic relations law.
6. An order of protection or a temporary order of protection issued pursuant to subdivision one, two, three, four or five of this section shall bear in a conspicuous manner the term “order of protection” or “temporary order of protection” as the case may be and a copy shall be filed by the clerk of the court with the sheriff’s office in the county in which the complainant resides, or, if the complainant resides within a city, with the police department of such city. The order of protection or temporary order of protection shall also contain the following notice: “This order of protection will remain in effect even if the protected party has, or consents to have, contact or communication with the party against whom the order is issued. This order of protection can only be modified or terminated by the court. The protected party cannot be held to violate this order nor be arrested for violating this order.”. The absence of such language shall not affect the validity of such order. A copy of such order of protection or temporary order of protection may from time to time be filed by the clerk of the court with any other police department or sheriff’s office having jurisdiction of the residence, work place, and school of anyone intended to be protected by such order. A copy of the order may also be filed by the complainant at the appropriate police department or sheriff’s office having jurisdiction. Any subsequent amendment or revocation of such order shall be filed in the same manner as herein provided. Such order of protection shall plainly state the date that such order expires.
6-a. The court shall inquire as to the existence of any other orders of protection between the defendant and the person or persons for whom the order of protection is sought.
7. A family offense subject to the provisions of this section which occurs subsequent to the issuance of an order of protection under this chapter shall be deemed a new offense for which the complainant may seek to file a new accusatory instrument and may file a family court petition under article eight of the family court act as provided for in section 100.07 of this chapter.
8. In any proceeding in which an order of protection or temporary order of protection or a warrant has been issued under this section, the clerk of the court shall issue to the complainant and defendant and defense counsel and to any other person affected by the order a copy of the order of protection or temporary order of protection and ensure that a copy of the order of protection or temporary order of protection be transmitted to the local correctional facility where the individual is or will be detained, the state or local correctional facility where the individual is or will be imprisoned, and the supervising probation department or department of corrections and community supervision where the individual is under probation or parole supervision. The presentation of a copy of such order or a warrant to any peace officer acting pursuant to his or her special duties or police officer shall constitute authority for him or her to arrest a person who has violated the terms of such order and bring such person before the court and, otherwise, so far as lies within his or her power, to aid in securing the protection such order was intended to afford. The protected party in whose favor the order of protection or temporary order of protection is issued may not be held to violate an order issued in his or her favor nor may such protected party be arrested for violating such order.
9. If no warrant, order or temporary order of protection has been issued by the court, and an act alleged to be a family offense as defined in section 530.11 of this chapter is the basis of the arrest, the magistrate shall permit the complainant to file a petition, information or accusatory instrument and for reasonable cause shown, shall thereupon hold such respondent or defendant, establishing a securing order, or parole him or her for hearing before the family court or appropriate criminal court as the complainant shall choose in accordance with the provisions of section 530.11 of this article.
10. Punishment for contempt based on a violation of an order of protection or temporary order of protection shall not affect the original criminal action, nor reduce or diminish a sentence upon conviction for the original crime or violation alleged therein or for a lesser included offense thereof.
11. If a defendant is brought before the court for failure to obey any lawful order issued under this section, or an order of protection issued by a court of competent jurisdiction in another state, territorial or tribal jurisdiction, and if, after hearing, the court is satisfied by competent proof that the defendant has willfully failed to obey any such order, the court may:
(a) revoke a securing order and commit the defendant to custody; or (b) restore the case to the calendar when there has been an adjournment in contemplation of dismissal and commit the defendant to custody; or (c) revoke a conditional discharge in accordance with section 410.70 of this chapter and impose probation supervision or impose a sentence of imprisonment in accordance with the penal law based on the original conviction; or (d) revoke probation in accordance with section 410.70 of this chapter and impose a sentence of imprisonment in accordance with the penal law based on the original conviction. In addition, if the act which constitutes the violation of the order of protection or temporary order of protection is a crime or a violation the defendant may be charged with and tried for that crime or violation.
12. The chief administrator of the courts shall promulgate appropriate uniform temporary orders of protection and orders of protection forms to be used throughout the state. Such forms shall be promulgated and developed in a manner to ensure the compatability of such forms with the statewide computerized registry established pursuant to section two hundred twenty-one-a of the executive law.
13. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, an order of protection, or temporary order of protection when applicable, may be entered against a former spouse and persons who have a child in common, regardless of whether such persons have been married or have lived together at any time, or against a member of the same family or household as defined in subdivision one of section 530.11 of this article.
14. The people shall make reasonable efforts to notify the complainant alleging a crime constituting a family offense when the people have decided to decline prosecution of such crime, to dismiss the criminal charges against the defendant or to enter into a plea agreement. The people shall advise the complainant of the right to file a petition in the family court pursuant to section 100.07 of this chapter and section one hundred fifteen of the family court act. In any case where allegations of criminal conduct are transferred from the family court to the criminal court pursuant to paragraph (ii) of subdivision (b) of section eight hundred forty-six of the family court act, the people shall advise the family court making the transfer of any decision to file an accusatory instrument against the family court respondent and shall notify such court of the disposition of such instrument and the sentence, if any, imposed upon such respondent. Release of a defendant from custody shall not be delayed because of the requirements of this subdivision.
15. Any motion to vacate or modify an order of protection or temporary order of protection shall be on notice to the non-moving party, except as provided in subdivision three-b of this section.
§ 530.13 Protection of victims of crimes, other than family offenses.
1. When any criminal action is pending, and the court has not issued a temporary order of protection pursuant to section 530.12 of this article, the court, in addition to the other powers conferred upon it by this chapter, may for good cause shown issue a temporary order of protection in conjunction with any securing. In addition to any other conditions, such an order may require that the defendant:
(c) (1). to refrain from intentionally injuring or killing, without justification, any companion animal the defendant knows to be owned, possessed, leased, kept or held by such victim or victims or a minor child residing in such victim’s or victims’ household. (2). “Companion animal”, as used in this section, shall have the same meaning as in subdivision five of section three hundred fifty of the agriculture and markets law. In addition to the foregoing provisions, the court may issue an order, pursuant to section two hundred twenty-seven-c of the real property law, authorizing the party for whose benefit any order of protection has been issued to terminate a lease or rental agreement pursuant to section two hundred twenty-seven-c of the real property law.
2. The court may issue a temporary order of protection under this section ex parte upon the filing of an accusatory instrument and for good cause shown.
3. The court may issue or extend a temporary order of protection under this section ex parte simultaneously with the issuance of a warrant for the arrest of the defendant. Such temporary order of protection may continue in effect until the day the defendant subsequently appears in court pursuant to such warrant or voluntarily or otherwise.
4. Upon sentencing on a conviction for any offense, where the court has not issued an order of protection pursuant to section 530.12 of this article, the court may, in addition to any other disposition, including a conditional discharge or youthful offender adjudication, enter an order of protection. Where a temporary order of protection was issued, the court shall state on the record the reasons for issuing or not issuing an order of protection. The duration of such an order shall be fixed by the court and, in the case of a felony conviction, shall not exceed the greater of:
(i) five years from the date of such sentencing, or (ii) three years from the date of the expiration of the maximum term of an indeterminate sentence of imprisonment actually imposed; or in the case of a conviction for a class A misdemeanor, shall not exceed three years from the date of such sentencing; or in the case of a conviction for any other offense, shall not exceed one year from the date of sentencing. For purposes of determining the duration of an order of protection entered pursuant to this subdivision, a conviction shall be deemed to include a conviction that has been replaced by a youthful offender adjudication. In addition to any other conditions such an order may require that the defendant:
(a) stay away from the home, school, business or place of employment of the victim or victims, or of any witness designated by the court, of such offense; (b) refrain from harassing, intimidating, threatening or otherwise interfering with the victim or victims of the offense and such members of the family or household of such victim or victims as shall be specifically named by the court in such order; (c) (1). to refrain from intentionally injuring or killing, without justification, any companion animal the defendant knows to be owned, possessed, leased, kept or held by such victim or victims or a minor child residing in such victim’s or victims’ household. (2) “Companion animal”, as used in this section, shall have the same meaning as in subdivision five of section three hundred fifty of the agriculture and markets law.
5. The court shall inquire as to the existence of any other orders of protection between the defendant and the person or persons for whom theorder of protection is sought. An order of protection issued under this
section shall plainly state the date that such order expires. Orders of protection issued to protect victims of domestic violence, as defined in section four hundred fifty-nine-a of the social services law, shall be on uniform statewide forms that shall be promulgated by the chief administrator of the courts in a manner to ensure the compatibility of such forms with the statewide registry of orders of protection and warrants established pursuant to section two hundred twenty-one-a of the executive law. A copy of an order of protection or a temporary order of protection issued pursuant to subdivision one, two, three, or four of this section shall be filed by the clerk of the court with the sheriff’s office in the county in which such victim or victims reside, or, if the victim or victims reside within a city, with the police department of such city. A copy of such order of protection or temporary order of protection may from time to time be filed by the clerk of the court with any other police department or sheriff’s office having jurisdiction of the residence, work place, and school of anyone intended to be protected by such order. A copy of the order may also be filed by the victim or victims at the appropriate police department or sheriff’s office having jurisdiction. Any subsequent amendment or revocation of such order shall be filed in the same manner as herein provided.
6. In any proceeding in which an order of protection or temporary order of protection or a warrant has been issued under this section, the clerk of the court shall issue to the victim and the defendant and defense counsel and to any other person affected by the order, a copy of the order of protection or temporary order of protection and ensure that a copy of the order of protection or temporary order of protection be transmitted to the local correctional facility where the individual is or will be detained, the state or local correctional facility where the individual is or will be imprisoned, and the supervising probation department or department of corrections and community supervision where the individual is under probation or parole supervision. The presentation of a copy of such order or a warrant to any police officer or peace officer acting pursuant to his or her special duties shall constitute authority for him or her to arrest a person who has violated the terms of such order and bring such person before the court and, otherwise, so far as lies within his or her power, to aid in securing the protection such order was intended to afford.
7. Punishment for contempt based upon a violation of an order or protection or temporary order of protection issued under this section shall not affect a pending criminal action, nor reduce or diminish a sentence upon conviction for any other crimes or offenses.
8. If a defendant is brought before the court for failure to obey any lawful order issued under this section and if, after hearing, the court is satisfied by competent proof that the defendant has willfully failed to obey any such order, the court may:
(b) restore the case to the calendar when there has been an adjournment in contemplation of dismissal and commit the defendant to custody or impose or increase bail pending a trial of the original crime or violation; or
(c) revoke a conditional discharge in accordance with section 410.70 of this chapter and impose probation supervision or impose a sentence of imprisonment in accordance with the penal law based on the original conviction; or
(d) revoke probation in accordance with section 410.70 of this chapter and impose a sentence of imprisonment in accordance with the penal law based on the original conviction. In addition, if the act which constitutes the violation of the order of protection or temporary order of protection is a crime or a violation the defendant may be charged with and tried for that crime or violation.
9. The chief administrator of the courts shall promulgate appropriate uniform temporary order of protection and order of protection forms to be used throughout the state.
§ 530.14 Suspension and revocation of a license to carry, possess, repair or dispose of a firearm or firearms pursuant to section 400.00 of the penal law and ineligibility for such a license; order to surrender firearms.
1. Suspension of firearms license and ineligibility for such a license upon issuance of temporary order of protection. Whenever a temporary order of protection is issued pursuant to subdivision one of section 530.12 or subdivision one of section 530.13 of this article:
(a) the court shall suspend any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender of any or all firearms owned or possessed where the court receives information that gives the court good cause to believe that (i) the defendant has a prior conviction of any violent felony offense as defined in section 70.02 of the penal law; (ii) the defendant has previously been found to have willfully failed to obey a prior order of protection and such willful failure involved (A) the infliction of physical injury, as defined in subdivision nine of section 10.00 of the penal law, (B) the use or threatened use of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument as those terms are defined in subdivisions twelve and thirteen of section 10.00 of the penal law, or (C) behavior constituting any violent felony offense as defined in section 70.02 of the penal law; or (iii) the defendant has a prior conviction for stalking in the first degree as defined in section 120.60 of the penal law, stalking in the second degree as defined in section 120.55 of the penal law, stalking in the third degree as defined in section 120.50 of the penal law or stalking in the fourth degree as defined in section 120.45 of such law; and
(b) the court shall where the court finds a substantial risk that the defendant may use or threaten to use a firearm unlawfully against the person or persons for whose protection the temporary order of protection is issued, suspend any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender pursuant to subparagraph (f) of paragraph one of subdivision a of section 265.20 and subdivision six of section 400.05 of the penal law, of any or all firearms owned or possessed.
2. Revocation or suspension of firearms license and ineligibility for such a license upon issuance of an order of protection. Whenever an order of protection is issued pursuant to subdivision five of section 530.12 or subdivision four of section 530.13 of this article:
(a) the court shall revoke any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender of any or all firearms owned or possessed where such action is required by section 400.00 of the penal law; and
(b) the court shall where the court finds a substantial risk that the defendant may use or threaten to use a firearm unlawfully against the person or persons for whose protection the order of protection is issued, (i) revoke any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender of any or all firearms owned or possessed or (ii) suspend or continue to suspend any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender pursuant to subparagraph (f) of paragraph one of subdivision a of section 265.20 and subdivision six of section 400.05 of the penal law, of any or all firearms owned or possessed.
3. Revocation or suspension of firearms license and ineligibility for such a license upon a finding of a willful failure to obey an order of protection. Whenever a defendant has been found pursuant to subdivision eleven of section 530.12 or subdivision eight of section 530.13 of this article to have willfully failed to obey an order of protection issued by a court of competent jurisdiction in this state or another state, territorial or tribal jurisdiction, in addition to any other remedies available pursuant to subdivision eleven of section 530.12 or subdivision eight of section 530.13 of this article:
(a) the court shall revoke any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender of any or all firearms owned or possessed where the willful failure to obey such order involved (i) the infliction of physical injury, as defined in subdivision nine of section 10.00 of the penal law, (ii) the use or threatened use of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument as those terms are defined in subdivisions twelve and thirteen of section 10.00 of the penal law, (iii) behavior constituting any violent felony offense as defined in section 70.02 of the penal law; or (iv) behavior constituting stalking in the first degree as defined in section 120.60 of the penal law, stalking in the second degree as defined in section 120.55 of the penal law, stalking in the third degree as defined in section 120.50 of the penal law or stalking in the fourth degree as defined in section 120.45 of such law; and (b) the court shall where the court finds a substantial risk that the defendant may use or threaten to use a firearm unlawfully against the person or persons for whose protection the order of protection was issued, (i) revoke any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender pursuant to subparagraph (f) of paragraph one of subdivision a of section 265.20 and subdivision six of section 400.05 of the penal law, of any or all firearms owned or possessed or (ii) suspend any such existing license possessed by the defendant, order the defendant ineligible for such a license and order the immediate surrender pursuant to subparagraph (f) of paragraph one of subdivision a of section 265.20 and subdivision six of section 400.05 of the penal law, of any or all firearms owned or possessed.
(a) Where an order to surrender one or more firearms has been issued, the temporary order of protection or order of protection shall specify the place where such firearms shall be surrendered, shall specify a date and time by which the surrender shall be completed and, to the extent possible, shall describe such firearms to be surrendered, and shall direct the authority receiving such surrendered firearms to immediately notify the court of such surrender.
(b) The prompt surrender of one or more firearms pursuant to a court order issued pursuant to this section shall be considered a voluntary surrender for purposes of subparagraph (f) of paragraph one of subdivision a of section 265.20 of the penal law. The disposition of any such firearms shall be in accordance with the provisions of subdivision six of section 400.05 of the penal law.
(c) The provisions of this section shall not be deemed to limit, restrict or otherwise impair the authority of the court to order and direct the surrender of any or all pistols, revolvers, rifles, shotguns or other firearms owned or possessed by a defendant pursuant to sections 530.12 or 530.13 of this article.
6. Notice. (a) Where an order of revocation, suspension or ineligibility has been issued pursuant to this section, any temporary order of protection or order of protection issued shall state that such firearm license has been suspended or revoked or that the defendant is ineligible for such license, as the case may be. (b) The court revoking or suspending the license, ordering the defendant ineligible for such a license, or ordering the surrender of any firearm shall immediately notify the duly constituted police authorities of the locality concerning such action and, in the case of orders of protection and temporary orders of protection issued pursuant to section 530.12 of this article, shall immediately notify the statewide registry of orders of protection.
(c) The court revoking or suspending the license or ordering the defendant ineligible for such a license shall give written notice thereof without unnecessary delay to the division of state police at its office in the city of Albany. (d) Where an order of revocation, suspension, ineligibility or surrender is modified or vacated, the court shall immediately notify the statewide registry of orders of protection and the duly constituted police authorities of the locality concerning such action and shall give written notice thereof without unnecessary delay to the division of state police at its office in the city of Albany.
7. Hearing. The defendant shall have the right to a hearing before the court regarding any revocation, suspension, ineligibility or surrender order issued pursuant to this section, provided that nothing in this subdivision shall preclude the court from issuing any such order prior to a hearing. Where the court has issued such an order prior to a hearing, it shall commence such hearing within fourteen days of the date such order was issued.
8. Nothing in this section shall delay or otherwise interfere with the issuance of a temporary order of protection or the timely arraignment of a defendant in custody.
§ 530.20 Securing order by local criminal court when action is pending therein.
When a criminal action is pending in a local criminal court, such 12 court, upon application of a defendant, must issue a securing order as follows:
Release the principal pending trial on the principal’s personal recognizance, unless the court finds on the record that release on recognizance will not reasonably assure the individual’s court attendance. In such instances, the court will release the individual under non-monetary conditions, selecting the least restrictive alternative that will reasonably assure the principal’s court attendance. The court will support its choice of alternative on the record.
Notwithstanding the above, in cases where the people indicate that they intend to move for pretrial detention as set forth in article five hundred forty-five of this title, the court may commit the defendant to the custody of the sheriff or issue a securing order in accordance with article five hundred forty-five of this title.
Notwithstanding the above, in cases where the defendant is facing a charge of a class A felony, or it appears that the defendant has two previous felony convictions within the meaning of subdivision one of section 70.08 or 70.10 of the penal law; the court shall commit the defendant to the custody of the sheriff for the county or superior court to make a determination about a securing order within three days.
No local criminal court may order a securing order with respect to a defendant charged with a felony unless and until the court, and counsel for the defense, have been furnished with a report of the division of criminal justice services concerning the defendant’s criminal record, if any, or with a police department report with respect to the defendant’s prior arrest and conviction record, if any. If neither report is available, the court, with the consent of the district attorney, may dispense with this requirement; provided, however, that in an emergency, including but not limited to a substantial impairment in the ability of such division or police department to timely furnish such report, such consent shall not be required if, for reasons stated on the record, the court deems it unnecessary.
§ 530.30 Securing order by superior court judge when action is pending in local criminal court.
When a criminal action is pending in a local criminal court, other than one consisting of a superior court judge sitting as such, a judge of a superior court holding a term thereof in the county, upon application of a defendant, may order a securing order when such local criminal court: (a) Lacks authority to issue such an order, pursuant to subdivision three of section 530.20 or (b) Has set a securing order of release under non-monetary conditions which are more restrictive than necessary to reasonably ensure court attendance. In such case, such superior court judge may vacate the order of such local criminal court and release the defendant on recognizance or under release with conditions, whichever is the least restrictive alternative that will reasonably assure defendant’s appearance in court. The court will support its choice of alternative on the record.
Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one of this section, when the defendant is charged with a felony in a local criminal court, a superior court judge may not [order recognizance or bail] issue a securing order unless and until the district attorney has had an opportunity to be heard in the matter and such judge [has] and counsel for the defendant have been furnished with a report as described in subdivision four of section 530.20.
§ 530.40. Securing order by superior court when action is pending therein.
When a criminal action is pending in a superior court, such court, upon application of a defendant, must order
Notwithstanding the above, in cases where the people indicate that they intend to move for pretrial detention as set out in article five hundred forty-five of this title, the court may commit the defendant to the custody of the sheriff, or issue a securing order in accordance with article five hundred forty-five of this title.
Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one of this section, a superior court may not issue a securing order, or permit a defendant to remain at liberty pursuant to an existing order, after [he] the defendant has been convicted of either: (a) a class A felony or (b) any class B or class C felony defined in article one hundred thirty of the penal law committed or attempted to be committed by a person eighteen years of age or older against a person less than eighteen years of age. In either case the court must commit or remand the defendant to the custody of the sheriff.
Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one of this section, a superior court may not issue a securing order when the defendant is charged with a felony unless and until the district attorney has had an opportunity to be heard in the matter and such court and counsel for the defense have been furnished with a report as described in subdivision four of section 530.20 of this article.
When the defendant is at liberty in the course of a criminal action as a result of a prior securing order and the court revokes such order and then issues a more restrictive securing order in a less restrictive form than fixed by the court in which the conviction was entered.
If the criminal action was pending in supreme court or county court, such order may be issued by a justice of the appellate division of the department in which the conviction was entered.
If the criminal action was pending in a local criminal court, such order may be issued by a judge of a superior court holding a term thereof in the county in which the conviction was entered.
An application for an order specified in this section must be made upon reasonable notice to the people, and the people must be accorded adequate opportunity to appear in opposition thereto. Not more than one application may be made pursuant to this section. Defendant must allege in his application that he intends to take an appeal to an intermediate appellate court immediately after sentence is pronounced.
Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one, if within thirty days after sentence the defendant has not taken an appeal to an intermediate appellate court from the judgment or sentence, the operation of such order terminates and the defendant must surrender himself to the criminal court in which the judgment was entered in order that execution of the judgment be commenced.
Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one, if within one hundred twenty days after the filing of the notice of appeal such appeal has not been brought to argument in or submitted to the intermediate appellate court, the operation of such order terminates and the defendant must surrender himself to the criminal court in which the judgment was entered in order that execution of the judgment be commenced or resumed; except that this subdivision does not apply where the intermediate appellate court has (a) extended the time for argument or submission of the appeal to a date beyond the specified period of one hundred twenty days, and (b) upon application of the defendant, expressly ordered that the operation of the order continue until the date of the determination of the appeal or some other designated future date or occurrence.
Where the defendant is at liberty during the pendency of an appeal as a result of an order issued pursuant to this section, the intermediate appellate court, upon affirmance of the judgment, must by appropriate certificate remit the case to the criminal court in which such judgment was entered. The criminal court must, upon at least two days notice to the defendant, his surety and his attorney, promptly direct the defendant to surrender himself to the criminal court in order that execution of the judgment be commenced or resumed, and if necessary the criminal court may issue a bench warrant to secure his appearance.
§ 530.50 Order of recognizance or bail[2]; during pendency of appeal.
A judge who is otherwise authorized pursuant to section 460.50 or section 460.60 to issue an order of recognizance or bail pending the determination of an appeal, may do so unless the defendant received a class A felony sentence or a sentence for any class B or class C felony offense defined in article one hundred thirty of the penal law committed or attempted to be committed by a person eighteen years of age or older against a person less than eighteen years of age.
A bench warrant issued by a superior court, by a district court, by the New York City criminal court or by a superior court judge sitting as a local criminal court may be executed anywhere in the state. A bench warrant issued by a city court, a town court or a village court may be executed in the county of issuance or any adjoining county; and it may be executed anywhere else in the state upon the written endorsement thereon of a local criminal court of the county in which the defendant is to be taken into custody. When so endorsed, the warrant is deemed the process of the endorsing court as well as that of the issuing court.
A bench warrant may be addressed to:
any police officer whose geographical area of employment embraces either the place where the offense charged was allegedly committed or the locality of the court by which the warrant is issued; or
any uniformed court officer for a court in the city of New York, the county of Nassau, the county of Suffolk or the county of Westchester or for any other court that is part of the unified court system of the state for execution in the building wherein such court officer is employed or in the immediate vicinity thereof. A bench warrant must be executed in the same manner as a warrant of arrest, as provided in section 120.80, and following the arrest, such executing police officer or court officer must without unnecessary delay bring the defendant before the court in which it is returnable; provided, however, if the court in which the bench warrant is returnable is a city, town or village court, and such court is not available, and the bench warrant is addressed to a police officer, such executing police officer must without unnecessary delay bring the defendant before an alternate local criminal court, as provided in subdivision five of section 120.90; or if the court in which the bench warrant is returnable is a superior court, and such court is not available, and the bench warrant is addressed to a police officer, such executing police officer may bring the defendant to the local correctional facility of the county in which such court sits, to be detained there until not later than the commencement of the next session of such court occurring on the next business day.
A bench warrant may be executed by (a) any officer to whom it is addressed, or (b) any other police officer delegated to execute it under circumstances prescribed in subdivisions four and five.
The issuing court may authorize the delegation of such warrant. Where the issuing court has so authorized, a police officer to whom a bench warrant is addressed may delegate another police officer to whom it is not addressed to execute such warrant as his or her agent when: (a) He or she has reasonable cause to believe that the defendant is in a particular county other than the one in which the warrant is returnable; and (b) The geographical area of employment of the delegated police officer embraces the locality where the arrest is to be made.
Under circumstances specified in subdivision four, the police officer to whom the bench warrant is addressed may inform the delegated officer, by telecommunication, mail or any other means, of the issuance of the warrant, of the offense charged in the underlying accusatory instrument and of all other pertinent details, and may request him or her to act as his or her agent in arresting the defendant pursuant to such bench warrant. Upon such request, the delegated police officer is to the same extent as the delegating officer, authorized to make such arrest pursuant to the bench warrant within the geographical area of such delegated officer’s employment. Upon so arresting the defendant, he or she must without unnecessary delay deliver the defendant or cause him or her to be delivered to the custody of the police officer by whom he or she was so delegated, and the latter must then without unnecessary delay bring the defendant before the court in which such bench warrant is returnable.
A bench warrant may be executed by an officer of the state department of corrections and community supervision or a probation officer when the person named within the warrant is under the supervision of the department of corrections and community supervision or a department of probation and the probation officer is authorized by his or her probation director, as the case may be. The warrant must be executed upon the same conditions and in the same manner as is otherwise provided for execution by a police officer.
§ 530.80 Order of recognizance or bail[3]; surrender of defendant.
At any time before the forfeiture of a bail bond, an obligor may surrender the defendant in his exoneration, or the defendant may surrender himself, to the court in which his case is pending or to the sheriff to whose custody he was committed at the time of giving bail, in the following manner: (a) A certified copy of the bail bond must be delivered to the sheriff, who must detain the defendant in his custody thereon, as upon a commitment. The sheriff must acknowledge the surrender by a certificate in writing, and must forthwith notify the court in which the case is pending that such surrender has been made. (b) Upon the bail bond and the certificate of the sheriff, or upon the surrender to the court in which the case is pending, such court must, upon five days notice to the district attorney, order that the bail be exonerated. On filing such order, the bail is exonerated accordingly.
At any time before the forfeiture of cash bail, the defendant may surrender himself or the person who posted bail for the defendant may surrender the defendant in the manner prescribed in subdivision one. In such case, the court must order a return of the money to the person who posted it, upon producing the certificate of the sheriff showing the surrender, and upon a notice of five days to the district attorney.
[1]Should be changed to securing order
[2]Should probably be replaced with “securing order”
[3]Should probably be changed to “Securing Order”.