Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP5780970B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-24 23:18:15
Document Index: 797173078

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 61', 'Application No. 61', 'Application No. 1', 'art 500', 'art 500', 'art 800', 'art 800']

JP5780970B2 - Touch sensitive display - Google Patents
JP5780970B2
JP5780970B2 JP2011546340A JP2011546340A JP5780970B2 JP 5780970 B2 JP5780970 B2 JP 5780970B2 JP 2011546340 A JP2011546340 A JP 2011546340A JP 2011546340 A JP2011546340 A JP 2011546340A JP 5780970 B2 JP5780970 B2 JP 5780970B2
JP2011546340A
JP2012515403A (en
ワイ． ハン ジェフフエルソン
パーセプティブ ピクセル インコーポレイテッド
2010-01-14 Application filed by パーセプティブ ピクセル インコーポレイテッド, パーセプティブ ピクセル インコーポレイテッド filed Critical パーセプティブ ピクセル インコーポレイテッド
2012-07-05 Publication of JP2012515403A publication Critical patent/JP2012515403A/en
2015-09-16 Publication of JP5780970B2 publication Critical patent/JP5780970B2/en
This patent application claims priority based on US Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 144,716 filed on Jan. 14, 2009, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety. It is incorporated into the present disclosure.
The present disclosure relates to touch-sensitive display devices.
A touch-sensitive system is a system that detects a contact position when one or more surfaces are touched and responds to the touch. Touch sensitive systems are built into electronic devices such as touch screen displays. A user using a touch screen display can see an object displayed on the display screen and can make one or more input operations on the object by touching the display screen. .
Generally speaking, the present invention presents, as one aspect thereof, a touch-sensitive display device configured as follows. The touch-sensitive display device includes a display system configured to generate a substantially planar output display image. The touch-sensitive display device also includes a capacitive touch-sensitive detection system that is substantially relative to a display plane on which an output display image is displayed. One or more electrodes disposed in one or more planes parallel to the capacitive touch sensitive detection system, wherein the capacitive touch sensitive detection system comprises an input operating means and the touch sensitive display device. The one or more capacitances associated with the one or more electrodes change in response to a change in relative position, and the capacitive touch sensitive detection system includes the one or more capacitances. Or an output representative of the one or more capacitances associated with the plurality of electrodes. The touch-sensitive display device includes a light-sensitive detection system, and the light-sensitive detection system detects light incident on the light-sensitive detection system, and the light-sensitive detection system. It is configured to produce an output representative of the detected light incident on the detection system. Further, the touch sensitive display device may be configured to output the one or more of the one or more based on an output representative of a capacitance associated with the one or more electrodes generated by the capacitive touch sensitive detection system. Identifying a change in capacitance associated with an electrode and detecting one or more identified changes in capacitance associated with the one or more electrodes; and In response to detecting the identified one or more changes in capacitance, the photosensitivity detection system is configured to apply an adaptation to the adaptation, The light sensitive detection system generates an effect on incident light that is incident on the light sensitive detection system when the identified change or changes in capacitance are detected. Within the range of the output representing the light that is detected by the incident to the light-sensitive detection system is adapted to allow easy viewing.
Among various configurations of such touch-sensitive display devices, the display system is arranged to form a planar array and configured to generate the output display image. And the capacitive touch sensitive detection system comprises a planar layer disposed to extend parallel to the array of the plurality of light emitting elements, the one or more Are arranged on the same surface of the planar layer, and the planar layer transmits at least part of light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements.
Among the various configurations of such touch-sensitive display devices, in addition to the above, any one or more of the other various characteristic components disclosed herein Some of them have appropriate components.
As another aspect of the present invention, a touch-sensitive display device configured as described below is presented. The touch sensitive display device has a plurality of light emitting elements configured to generate an output display image and a light emitting layer having a plurality of light detection elements and a capacitive touch having one or more electrodes. A sensitive layer; a drive circuit for driving the plurality of light emitting elements to generate an output display image; and one or more electronic processing elements. The one or more electronic processing elements identify an output received from one or more light detection elements of the plurality of light detection elements and identify an output received from at least one of the electrodes. The position of the input operating means in proximity to the touch-sensitive display device is determined based on at least one of the two identified outputs.
Among the various configurations of such touch-sensitive display devices are those that include one or more of the various characteristic components listed below.
The plurality of light detection elements may include a plurality of photodiodes. As a configuration different from this, or as a configuration used in combination therewith, the plurality of light detection elements may include a plurality of elements each configured as a multilayer semiconductor device.
The capacitive touch sensitive layer may form a projected capacitive touch sensitive layer.
The plurality of light emitting elements may be configured to emit light in the visible light region of the light spectrum during operation of the touch sensitive display device. The plurality of light emitting elements may be configured to emit light in the infrared region of the light spectrum during operation of the touch sensitive display device.
The light emitting layer may be divided into a plurality of pixels, and each pixel may include at least one light emitting element. At least some of the plurality of pixels may include at least one light detection element.
The capacitive touch-sensitive layer may include a common electrode disposed at a position spaced from each of the one or more electrodes. The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device are adapted to cause the electrodes to move during operation of the touch-sensitive display device. An electronic processing element may be included that is configured to detect a relative change in potential difference between at least one of the electrodes and the common electrode.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device is the at least one during operation of the touch-sensitive display device. An electron configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a relative change in potential difference between two electrodes and the common electrode Processing elements may also be included.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device include a static associated with at least one of the electrodes. Proximate to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a change in capacitive coupling and detecting a change in at least one capacitive coupling associated with at least one of the electrodes. An electronic processing element may be included that is configured to determine the position of the input manipulation means.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device is one or more of the plurality of light detection elements. Detecting a relative change in the amount of ambient light incident on one or more of the plurality of light detection elements based on an output received from the light detection element; The position of the input operating means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a relative change in the amount of ambient light incident on one or more of the elements of the light detection element An electronic processing element may be included that is configured to determine.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device is a specific plurality of the plurality of light detection elements. Based on the output received from the light detection element, the relative change in the amount of ambient light incident on those specific multiple light detection elements is detected, and the relative change in the amount of incident ambient light is detected. And including an electronic processing element configured to determine a shape of a surface of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device based on the specific plurality of light detection elements. Also good.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device is at least associated with at least one of the electrodes The input in proximity to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a change in one electric field and detecting a relative change in at least one electric field associated with at least one of the electrodes; An electronic processing element may be included that is configured to determine the position of the operating means.
The light emitting layer may be divided into a plurality of pixels, and each pixel may include at least one light emitting element. The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device is further associated with at least one of the electrodes. A pixel that is covered by the input manipulation means of the plurality of pixels of the light-emitting layer based on the detected relative change in the at least one electric field. Also good. The one or more processing elements further control the driving circuit to emit light corresponding to a pixel determined to be covered by the input operation means among the plurality of pixels of the light emitting layer. The light emission amount of at least a part of the light emitting elements may be configured to increase. The one or more processing elements perform light detection using a light detector corresponding to at least some of the pixels of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means, thereby the input. It may be configured to detect reflected light reflected by the operating means. The one or more processing elements may be configured to measure a light intensity spatial distribution of reflected light corresponding to the pixels of the light emitting layer covered with the input operation means. The one or more processing elements may be configured to measure a spatial distribution of reflected light intensity peaks present in the light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light. The one or more processing elements may be configured to identify the input operation means based on the spatial distribution of the reflected light intensity peak.
The one or more processing elements use a light detector corresponding to at least some of the pixels of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means at a first measurement execution repetition frequency f 1 . The light intensity measurement is performed a plurality of times, and the one or more processing elements are further configured to use the photodetector corresponding to the pixels of the light emitting layer not covered with the input operation means. The light intensity measurement may be performed a plurality of times at a second measurement execution repetition frequency f 2 lower than the one measurement execution repetition frequency f 1 .
The one or more processing elements may be configured to determine a position of the input operation means with reference to the light emitting layer based on the reflected light intensity peak. As another configuration form, or as a configuration form used in combination therewith, the one or more processing elements determine the attitude of the input operation means with respect to the light emitting layer based on the reflected light intensity peak. It is good also to be comprised by this.
The one or more processing elements repeat the position of the input operation means with respect to the light emitting layer when the input operation means is moving on the surface of the capacitive touch-sensitive layer. It may be configured to be determined. The one or more processing elements may be configured to change a pixel setting of the light emitting layer based on a determination result of the position of the input operation means. In addition, the change of the setting of the pixel includes the change of the amount of transmitted light transmitted by the light emitting element corresponding to one or more pixels of the light emitting layer and the light emission corresponding to one or more pixels of the light emitting layer. It is also possible to include at least one of changing the amount of light generated by the element.
The plurality of pixels may have at least one photodetecting element in each pixel. The plurality of pixels may each include at least one liquid crystal material cell.
The plurality of light emitting elements may be a plurality of organic light emitting diodes.
Each of the plurality of pixels of the light emitting layer may correspond to at least one of the plurality of electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a capacitive touch sensitive layer having one or more electrodes, a light emitting layer having a plurality of light emitting elements, and one or more light detecting elements. A method of operating a touch-sensitive display device provided is presented. The method includes monitoring one or more electric fields associated with the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer; and the one or more of the capacitive touch sensitive layer. At least one of the at least one electric field associated with at least one of the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer based on the monitoring result of the one or more electric fields associated with the electrode. Identifying a change and a result of identifying at least one change in at least one electric field associated with at least one of the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer Based on the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch-sensitive layer where a change in electric field associated with the one or more electrodes has been identified. Corresponding to the step of determining the position of the input operation means with reference to the light emitting layer, and the position of the input operation means with reference to the determined light emitting layer among the plurality of light emitting elements of the light emitting layer Increasing the intensity of light emitted from the one or more light emitting elements disposed at the disposed position on the light emitting layer, and one or more of the plurality of light detecting elements Receiving from said one or more photodetecting elements an input comprising information relating to incident light incident on said input and said input based on said input received from said one or more photodetecting elements Monitoring the reflected light reflected by the operating means.
Among the various implementations of such a method are those with one or more of the various characteristic execution elements listed below.
In the step of increasing the intensity of light emitted from one or more of the plurality of light emitting elements, the region of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means is identified, and the covered region It is also possible to increase the intensity of light emitted from the light emitting element corresponding to the above.
One or a plurality of light emitting elements disposed at a disposition position on the light emitting layer corresponding to the determined position of the input operation means among the plurality of light emitting elements of the light emitting layer. A step of changing a wavelength of light emitted from the light source may be included. The method may include a step of identifying the input operation means based on reflected light reflected by the input operation means. In the step of identifying the input operation means, a reflected light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light reflected by the input operation means is determined, a light intensity peak position in the reflected light intensity spatial distribution is determined, and the light intensity peak The input operation means may be identified based on the position. In the step of identifying the input operation means, one or more light intensity peak shapes in the reflected light intensity spatial distribution are determined, and the input operation means is identified based on the light intensity peak shapes. It's also good. The method may include a step of determining an attitude of the input operation unit based on the peak position.
One of the methods is associated with the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer when the input manipulation means is moving relative to the capacitive touch sensitive layer. Alternatively, it may include a step of repeatedly executing the determination of the position of the input operation means by monitoring a plurality of electric fields.
The light emitting layer is divided into a plurality of pixels, and the method identifies one or more pixels covered by the input operation means, and the input based on the features of the input operation means A step of changing a setting of one or more pixels among the pixels covered by the operation means may be included. In the step of changing the setting of one or more of the pixels covered by the input operation means, if the pixels covered by the input operation means become uncovered, It is also possible to change the setting of at least one of the wavelength and intensity of light emitted from one or more of the pixels.
The method repeatedly executes receiving input from one or more of the light detection elements and monitoring reflected light reflected by the input operation means, wherein the input operation means the covered the one corresponding to the area of the light-emitting layer or a plurality of which receive input repeatedly at a first repetition frequency f 1 from the photodetection element, not covered by the input operation unit of the light emitting layer The method may further include receiving input repeatedly from the one or more light detection elements corresponding to the region at a second repetition frequency f 2 lower than the first repetition frequency f 1 .
The method includes determining a position of the input manipulation means relative to the light emitting layer based on the input received from one or more of the light detection elements. Also good.
Among the various implementations of such a method, in addition to the foregoing, any one or more of the various other steps and / or characteristic execution elements disclosed herein, and Some include characteristic execution elements.
Moreover, this invention presents the display device comprised as follows as another one situation. The display device includes a display device including a plurality of light emitting elements and a plurality of light detection elements, a touch sensitive sensor layer configured to transmit light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements, and the display device. And an electronic processing element connected to the touch sensitive sensor layer. The electronic processing element receives an input from the touch sensitive sensor layer, determines a position of an input operation means in proximity to the display device based on the input received from the touch sensitive sensor layer, and the input The operation parameter of the display device is changed based on the position of the operation means.
Various configurations of such display devices include one or more of the various characteristic components listed below.
The touch sensitive sensor may be a projection capacitive sensor. The touch sensitive sensor may be a resistive film type touch sensitive sensor as a constitutional form different from this, or as a structural form used in combination therewith. The touch sensitive sensor may be a surface capacitive sensor as a configuration different from this or as a configuration used in combination therewith. As a configuration form different from or in combination with this, the touch sensitive sensor includes a waveguide layer, and measures light leaking from the waveguide layer when an object contacts the sensor. Thus, a sensor configured to detect contact of the object may be used.
The change of the operating parameter may include changing the wavelength of light emitted by at least some of the light emitting elements. As a configuration form different from this, or as a configuration form used in combination therewith, the change of the operating parameter includes changing the intensity of light emitted by at least some of the light emitting elements. It is also good to use it. As an alternative configuration, or in combination with this, the change of the operating parameter may include activating one or more additional light emitting elements of the display device. .
The electronic processing element determines a covered area that is a part of the display device that is covered with the input operation means, and at least a part of the light-emitting elements disposed in the covered area. The light emitted from the light emitting element is made incident on the input operation means, and the reflected light reflected by the input operation means is applied to at least some of the light detection elements arranged in the covered area. It is good also to be comprised so that it may measure using. The electronic processing element may be configured to measure a spatial distribution of reflected light reflected by the input operation means and identify the input operation means based on the spatial distribution. The change of the operation parameter includes changing at least one of a measurement repetition speed and a measurement integration time in at least some of the light detection elements arranged in the coverage area. Good.
The input may comprise at least one electrical signal including information relating to a change in capacitive coupling associated with one or more sensor layers of the touch sensitive sensor layer. As an alternative configuration, or as a combined configuration, the input includes at least one electrical information that includes information relating to an electric field change associated with one or more sensor layers of the touch-sensitive sensor layer. It may be composed of signals.
Among the various configurations of such display devices, in addition to the above, any one or more of the other various characteristic components disclosed herein Are appropriately provided.
The disclosure content of all publications, patent application publications, patent publications, and other references mentioned in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Shall. In addition, when there is a conflict between the disclosure of the present application and the disclosed contents of the reference, the disclosure of the present application shall be followed including definitions of terms. Furthermore, the materials, methods, specific examples, and the like disclosed in this specification are illustrated for the purpose of explanation, and the present invention is not limited to those using them.
Detailed configurations of the various configurations of the present invention are shown in the drawings and as described below. Various other characteristic configurations of the present invention will be apparent from the description, drawings, and claims.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one configuration of a touch-sensitive display device. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of one configuration of a touch-sensitive display device. It is the schematic diagram which showed the optical image of the ambient light and the reflected light which are injecting into the photosensitive layer of a touch-sensitive display device. It is the schematic diagram which showed the optical image of the reflected light from two types of objects mounted on the touch sensitive display device. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating one configuration example of a touch-sensitive display device including a light-sensitive layer. 4B is a top view of a light sensitive layer of the touch sensitive display device of FIG. 4A. FIG. FIG. 4B is a circuit diagram illustrating electrical connections between various components of the light sensitive layer of the touch sensitive display device of FIG. 4A. FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of an example process performed to track one or more input manipulation means on a touch-sensitive display device. It is the schematic diagram which showed the optical image of the reflected light which injected into the photosensitive layer of the touch-sensitive display device from the drawing object. It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that a change was added with the object for drawing to the image displayed on the touch sensitive display device. It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that a change was added with the object for drawing to the image displayed on the touch sensitive display device. It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that a change was added with the object for drawing to the image displayed on the touch sensitive display device. It is the schematic diagram which showed the optical image of the reflected light which injected into the photosensitive layer of the touch-sensitive display device from the erasing object. It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that a change was added to the image displayed on the touch sensitive display device by the object for deletion. It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that a change was added to the image displayed on the touch sensitive display device by the object for deletion. It is the schematic diagram which showed a mode that a change was added to the image displayed on the touch sensitive display device by the object for deletion. FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing steps of an exemplary process performed to detect and track one or more input manipulation means on a touch-sensitive display device.
The touch screen is a device having both a display function and an input function. Typically, a touch screen presents various types of information to the system operator, for example, by displaying a graphics screen or the like. The touch screen also functions as an input device, allowing the system operator to enter information into the system via the touch screen. The information thus entered may be processed directly by the touch screen or transmitted to other devices connected to the touch screen.
In a touch screen device, a number of methods are used as driving methods for driving the graphics screen. For example, in various configurations, a graphics screen is driven by a matrix array such as an active matrix array or a passive matrix array. A specific example of an active matrix array and a display device formed using the same is disclosed in, for example, US Pat. No. 6,947,102, and the disclosure of the US patent publication is incorporated herein by reference. It shall be assumed. In the display device of the same US Patent Publication, it is not necessary to provide a member that covers the surface of the display screen in order to prevent the output image on the display screen from becoming difficult to see. According to this configuration, the pixel coordinates representing the image on the display screen and the pixel coordinates representing the detection position of the input device are fixed to each other and correspond to each other with high accuracy.
In the active matrix array of the above-mentioned U.S. Patent Publication, when an input device comes close to or touches a touch screen device, the matrix array is used as a means for identifying that the touch device is close or touched. A plurality of light detection sensors (for example, photodiodes) that detect incident light are provided. When an object comes close to or touches the touch screen device, it will affect the ambient light that is transmitted through the matrix array, i.e., because of the shadow of the object. A change occurs in the ambient light incident through the array. This change in the incident state of ambient light is detected by a plurality of light detection sensors. Further, by analyzing the shadow pattern of the input object obtained by measurement with the light detection sensor using an image processing algorithm, it is possible to identify the type of the input device.
By using this technique, the touch screen device can identify various types of input manipulation means. For example, in various configurations, a touch screen device can detect a human finger as an input means, in which the system operator is displayed on a display. It is possible to perform operations such as enter, selection, change, and the like on the information that is currently being used. Also, in various configurations, the touch screen device detects an input from a means that is not part of the operator's hand and can accept the input. For example, a touch screen device may detect that such an object has approached or touched the touch screen device and accept input from that object. A change in ambient light that occurs when such an object approaches or touches a touch screen device can be discriminated from a change in ambient light that occurs under different circumstances. This is based on the shape of the shadow formed by such an object (and detected by the light detection sensor). Among various configurations, a reference mark is provided on the bottom surface of such an object, and the amount of reflected light reflected from the bottom surface of the object has a predetermined distribution pattern according to the reference mark. There is. In this case, since the reference mark pattern can be detected by measuring the distribution pattern of the reflected light reflected from the bottom surface of the object, a specific type of object can be identified. This also allows the touch screen device to be configured to accept a specific type of input depending on the type of input object identified. Further, in this way, the touch screen device is configured to apply a specific type of image change processing to the currently displayed image according to the type of the identified input object. Is also possible.
There are various factors that can influence the detection reliability and the detection sensitivity when detecting a “touch event” using a light detection sensor. For example, the amount of illumination light that can be used, the material forming the object in contact with it, and the optical properties of the various components of the display device can all be such factors. Depending on the usage environment of the light detection sensor, the detection reliability of the light detection sensor may be below a required level due to these factors. When such a situation may occur, it is preferable to combine another type of sensor with the light detection sensor to form a composite device, thereby improving detection reliability. For example, light having a wavelength in the visible light region in the light spectrum is not particularly high in reflectance with the finger, so that it is different from a light detection sensor in order to detect a finger touch event, In particular, a second type of detection sensor having a touch sensitive function may be combined with the light detection sensor. In that case, the two types of detection sensors may cooperate to execute detection, or the second sensor may perform a part or all of the touch event detection function. It is good to do. Furthermore, in order to detect a touch event of an object other than a finger (for example, when the object is formed of a material having a relatively low reflectivity), a configuration form using this method may be used. Good.
Under such circumstances, generally, one or more touch sensitive sensors are added to the touch screen device in order to improve the touch detection capability of the touch screen device using the light detection sensor. It is. The touch-sensitive sensor to be added is, for example, a capacitive touch-sensitive sensor. By adding this sensor, detection of a touch event can be performed compared to the case where touch detection is relying solely on the light-sensitive ability of the light detection sensor. Sensitivity is improved and / or touch position information with higher accuracy can be obtained. Also, in general, by adding a capacitive touch sensitive sensor, the input operation means (such as a finger or an input operation object) is located close to the display device, or the display device. It is also possible to discriminate whether they are completely in contact with each other. In addition, the touch sensitive sensor further includes a resistive touch sensitive sensor, a surface capacitive touch sensitive sensor, and a waveguide layer as will be described later. There are touch sensitive sensors that operate using total reflection.
Further, in a configuration in which the object is detected and identified by the light detection sensor in a state where only the ambient light is applied to the object, it may be difficult to detect and identify the object. Many photodetection sensors operate in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, while many objects to be detected are opaque that do not transmit light in this spectral region (ie, ambient light). It is. For this reason, the amount of ambient light detected by reaching the light detection sensor may become very small. However, among the various configurations of the present invention, the light sensitive layer disclosed below irradiates the object close to or in contact with the display device, and measures the reflected light reflected by the object. (In this case, the surface on which the object is illuminated and the surface on which detection is performed are on the same side, and generally on the opposite side of the observer) is there). The light-sensitive layer includes a plurality of light-emitting elements, and when an object covers an area of the light-sensitive layer, the light-emitting element in the covered area of the image is obscured by the object. Since it is a light emitting element corresponding to a part, it does not need to be used for generating an image while the object is located there, and therefore, the light covering element is used to illuminate the object covering the photosensitive layer. be able to. According to this method, the amount of light hitting an object can be significantly increased by using a light emitting element, and the measurement of the reflected light reflected by the object can be facilitated. It is possible to facilitate the identification of the object performed based on the light.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one configuration of a touch screen device 100, which includes a light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 (eg, light sensitive) that is a light sensitive detection system. Active matrix) and a touch sensitive layer 110 which is a capacitive touch sensitive detection system. In the touch screen device 100, a touch sensitive layer 110 is disposed on the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120. Thus, when the object 130 and / or the operator's finger 140 contact the touch screen device 100, they contact the touch sensitive layer 110 rather than the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120. .
In general, the touch sensitive layer 110 can be variously configured. For example, among various configurations, there is one in which the touch-sensitive layer 110 is configured as a projected capacitive sensor. A projected capacitive sensor applies a voltage that changes in an appropriate waveform to one or a plurality of electrodes, and uses the electrode to which the voltage is applied and another electrode in the vicinity of the applied voltage, thereby static electricity based on the voltage. This is a sensor that measures capacitive coupling. When the finger of the operator of the system approaches one of the electrodes, the presence of that finger causes a change in the capacitance of the electrode system, so that there is a static between the electrode and another nearby electrode. Capacitive coupling changes. This change in capacitive coupling can be detected and used as an index indicating that the operator's finger has approached (or touched in some cases).
Specific examples of the projected capacitive touch-sensitive layer include those described in US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/255276 filed on Oct. 27, 2009. The disclosure is incorporated herein by this reference. The projected capacitive touch-sensitive layer described in the US provisional patent application includes a plurality of electrodes disposed inside the touch-sensitive layer and an electronic device configured to monitor the potential of the electrodes. And a processor. When a finger touches the touch-sensitive layer, the touch-sensitive layer is deformed, and capacitive coupling between several electrodes (electrodes in the vicinity of the finger contact portion) changes. The electronic processor detects the change in coupling.
Among various configurations, the touch-sensitive layer 110 includes a waveguide layer as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 1/833908 filed on August 3, 2007. is there. This US patent application has already been published as US Patent Application Publication No. US 2008/0029691, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this reference. The waveguide layer is coupled to a light source, and light (for example, infrared light) is incident from the light source into the waveguide layer. When the finger 140 or the object 130 is not in contact with the waveguide layer, the light is totally reflected (TIR) on the inner surface of the waveguide layer and propagates through the waveguide layer. Therefore, light coupling to the external space of the waveguiding layer has not occurred or hardly occurred. On the other hand, if the finger 140 and / or the object 130 come into contact with the waveguiding layer, the waveguiding layer is deformed, so that the total reflection state of the propagating light is damaged, thereby causing leaky total reflection (FTIR). Occurs, so that some of the propagating light leaks out from the point of contact. Therefore, if the touch screen device 100 includes a detector for measuring the amount of light leaking from the waveguide layer in this way (this detector may be incorporated in the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120, It may be a separate detector), whereby the position of the contact point can be determined.
Also, in various configurations, the touch sensitive layer 110 may have the same configuration as a conventional surface capacitive touch sensitive layer. The touch-sensitive layer 110 includes an electrode array including a plurality of electrodes and an electronic processor, and the electronic processor is connected to the plurality of electrodes, and capacitive coupling of each electrode (for example, the electrode's capacitive coupling). Monitoring (by measuring the potential). When the finger 140 and / or the object 130 are brought close to the touch sensitive layer 110 (the touch sensitive layer 110 may be brought into full contact or may be moved to a position close to the touch sensitive layer 110 without being touched). The capacitive coupling associated with one or more electrodes varies greatly. The electronic processor may detect the change in the capacitive coupling. Thereby, the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 can be determined.
The touch screen device 100 including the touch-sensitive layer 110 having any configuration described above has the ability to discriminate between the touch event of the finger 140 and the touch event of the object 130. For example, the change in the capacitance coupling generated by the object 130 and the change in the capacitance coupling generated by the finger 140 are different from each other. Therefore, it is possible to discriminate the two based on the size. is there. Also, as another method or a method used in combination with this, whether the finger 140 is the cause of the touch event based on the pattern of the arrangement positions of the plurality of electrodes in which the capacitive coupling change has occurred. It is also possible to discriminate whether the object 130 or not. Therefore, by detecting a touch event using the touch sensitive layer 110, it is possible to discriminate between a touch event touched by an operator's finger and a touch event touched by an object.
Furthermore, the detection of the touch event by the touch sensitive layer 110 (ie, the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130) is more accurate than the detection of the touch event by the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. Can be grasped. When the touch sensitive layer 110 is configured as a capacitive touch sensitive sensor, the touch sensitive layer 110 generally determines the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 with the touch sensitive layer 110. A change in capacitive coupling between the electrodes disposed inside is detected. This change in capacitive coupling is caused by the finger 140 and / or the object 130 approaching the touch-sensitive layer 110. In various configurations, the finger 140 and / or the object 130 are in contact with each other. In some cases, such a change in capacitive coupling is caused by deformation of the touch-sensitive layer 110. The electronic processor is connected to each of the plurality of electrodes, and generates a two-dimensional spatial map of the detected value of the change in capacitance coupling with reference to a coordinate system fixed to the touch sensitive layer 110. Thus, the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 in the coordinate system fixed with respect to the touch sensitive layer 110 can be determined. Further, it is possible to determine the shape of the contact surface of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 that are in contact with the touch-sensitive layer 110 based on the spatial pattern of the change in capacitive coupling.
On the other hand, when the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 is determined by the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120, when the finger 140 and / or the object 130 approaches the touch sensitive layer 110, the finger 140 and / or the object 130 is determined. Alternatively, the position is determined based on the fact that the shadow of the object 130 is formed. More specifically, the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 includes a plurality of light detection sensors, and the light detection sensors measure ambient light incident through the touch sensitive layer 110 and the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. It is configured as follows. Since the finger 140 and / or object 130 is opaque to ambient light (at least not completely transparent), if the finger 140 and / or object 130 approaches the touch sensitive layer 110, the finger 140 and / or Since the light is blocked by the object 130, the amount of incident light to the light detection sensor covered by the finger 140 and / or the object 130 among the plurality of light detection sensors of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is the other light detection. It is lower than the amount of light incident on the sensor. Therefore, if the shadow pattern formed on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is measured, both the position and shape of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 can be determined based on the shadow pattern. However, among the various configurations, there is one in which the sharpness of the edge of the formed shadow pattern is low, which is the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130, the incident direction of ambient light, and the light intensity space. This is due to the distribution and various other factors that can cause distortion in the formed shadow. As a result, the accuracy of information regarding position and / or shape may not be as accurate as the accuracy of those information obtained by detecting touch events with the touch sensitive layer 110.
Among various configurations, by combining the detection information individually collected by the touch sensitive layer 110 and the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 that operate independently of each other, and generating information about the input operation means, Some of the touch sensitive layer 110 and the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 are configured so that more information can be obtained as compared with information that can be collected by only one of them. In such a configuration, for example, the touch sensitive layer 110 detects a touch event by the finger 140 and / or the object 130, and the position of the finger 140 and / or the object 130 in the coordinate system of the touch screen device 100 ( That is, it can be used to determine the position where the touch is made. In addition, the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 measures the two-dimensional light intensity spatial distribution of ambient light incident on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120, and the finger 140 that is in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110 and It may also be used to determine the shape of the contact surface of the object 130.
In various configurations, the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 is further configured to be used to identify different types of objects 130 in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. A cross-sectional view of the touch screen device 100 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the touch sensitive layer 110 is disposed on the photosensitive matrix layer 120. Both the object 130 and the finger 140 are in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. A light source 150 provides ambient light. The observer 160 is looking at the display image displayed on the touch screen device 100. The electronic processor 145 is electrically connected to the plurality of light emitting elements 122 and the plurality of light detecting elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 via the communication line 146, and is also touch sensitive via the communication line 147. The plurality of electrodes of the layer 110 are electrically connected.
The photosensitive layer 120 includes a plurality of light emitting elements 122 and a plurality of light detection elements 124. The light detection element 124 can detect ambient light emitted from the light source 150 and transmitted through the touch-sensitive layer 110. The light detection element 124 can also detect light emitted from the light emitting element 122. The plurality of light detection elements 124 may be composed of, for example, an assembly of a plurality of detection elements formed of a laminated structure of semiconductor materials, or a plurality of photodiodes integrated on a common substrate. It can also consist of an array composed of
The plurality of light emitting elements 122 can be variously configured. For example, in various configurations, light emitted from a backlight disposed on the lower side of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 (that is, the side opposite to the touch sensitive layer 110 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120) is generated. Some of the light emitting elements 122 controlled by the processor 145 are configured to adjust the amount of transmitted light so as to transmit through the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. For example, a plurality of light emitting elements 122 are formed as one or a plurality of liquid crystal layers (that is, cells of liquid crystal material), and the liquid crystal layer changes the polarization direction of light transmitted through the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. It may be configured to function as an optical wavelength plate. Alternatively, the plurality of light emitting elements 122 may be configured as one or a plurality of polarizing layers that transmit only light having a selected polarization direction. Further, among various configuration forms, there is a configuration in which the plurality of light emitting elements 122 are configured as a multi-layered semiconductor device whose light emitting operation is controlled by the processor 145. Also, in various configurations, the plurality of light emitting elements 122 may be a plurality of organic light emitting diodes formed on a substrate. In general, the plurality of light emitting elements 122 should be capable of being individually addressed by the electronic processor 145.
The light emitting element 122 may generally be constructed and / or configured to emit light in one or more desired spectral regions in the electromagnetic spectrum. For example, in various configurations, the light emitting element 122 emits light in the visible region of the light spectrum during operation of the touch screen device 100. In addition, among various configurations, the light emitting element 122 emits light in the infrared spectral region. Further, in various configurations, the light emitting element 122 emits light in the ultraviolet spectral region. In general, in any of the spectral regions exemplified above, the light emitted from the light emitting element 122 has a relatively narrow wavelength region (for example, full width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 20 nm or less, 15 nm or less, 10 nm or less, 5 nm). Or a narrow wavelength region such as 2 nm or less), and the light emission wavelength band of the light-emitting element 122 can be precisely selected (for example, a light detection element). Can be selected to match the spectral sensitivity of 124).
Usually, the configuration of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is a configuration in which a plurality of pixels are arranged in parallel (for example, a two-dimensional array). Each of the plurality of pixels may include one or a plurality of light emitting elements 122. Alternatively, a specific pixel may be provided with one or a plurality of light detection elements without including the light detection element 124. The light generated by the light emitting element 122 of each pixel passes through the touch sensitive layer 110 and reaches the eyes of the observer 160. A display image viewed by the viewer 16 is formed by the aggregate of light emitted from each of the plurality of pixels of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120.
As shown in FIG. 2, the light source 150 of ambient light (this light source 150 is, for example, one or more indoor lights, one or more outdoor lights, and / or the sun). The ambient light is incident on the object 130, the touch sensitive layer 110, and the finger 140. Of the ambient light, a portion of the light traveling along the arrow line L1 in the figure is incident on the object 130. On the other hand, a portion of light traveling along the arrow line L2 in the drawing is incident on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. The object 130 is often formed of a material that is opaque (or at least not completely transparent) to ambient light. Therefore, the amount of ambient light detected by the light detection element 124 (for example, in the region 170) disposed in the covered area of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 that is covered with the object 130 is the light emission. / Lower than the amount of ambient light detected by the light detection element 124 (for example, in the region 172) disposed in the non-covered area of the light sensitive layer 120 that is not covered by the object 130. The amount of light.
Of the ambient light, a portion of the light traveling along the arrow line L7 in the drawing is incident on the finger 140. The finger 140 blocks the incident light. However, because of the relative positional relationship of the finger 140 with respect to the touch-sensitive layer 110 (ie, most of the surface of the finger 140 is separated from the touch-sensitive layer 110), the light-sensitive / light-sensitive layer 120 is formed. The shadow edge of the finger 140 detected by the plurality of light detection elements 124 is compared to the shadow edge of the object 130 that is in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110 at a much larger contact surface than the finger contact surface. It has a sharp edge with low sharpness. Therefore, the determination of the shape of the finger 140 based on the two-dimensional light intensity spatial distribution of the shielded ambient light obtained by measuring the ambient light is more difficult than the determination of the shape of the object 130.
The object 130 includes fiducial marks 132 and 134 that can uniquely identify the object 130. In many cases, as described above, the object 130 is formed of a material that is substantially opaque to ambient light. This material forming the object 130 has a reflectivity R1 whose value depends on its inherent structure. The reference marks 132 and 134 are formed on the lower surface (that is, the contact surface) of the object 130, and the second material forming the marks 132 and 134 has a reflectance R2 larger than the reflectance R1. It is as. For this reason, the light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light reflected from the lower surface of the object 130 is used to identify the object 130 based on the position where the light intensity of the reflected light in the light intensity spatial distribution has a maximum value. be able to.
When the object 130 is placed in contact with the touch-sensitive layer 110, ambient light from the light source 150 can reach pixels in the light-emitting / light-sensitive layer 120 in the area covered by the object 130. Disappear. In many cases, the shadow image of the object 130 formed on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is a shadow image having a relatively sharp edge. In addition, pixels covered by the object 130 as a result of the occlusion action of the object 130 (that is, pixels in the region 170) are not included in the image actually viewed by the observer 160. Thus, since the viewer 160 cannot see any such pixel at that time, the touch screen device 100 does not need to use the pixels in the region 170 to display the image. Instead, such pixels can be used for identification of the object 130.
In order to identify the object 130, the light emitting element 122 is arranged in such a direction that emitted light is incident on the lower surface of the object 130. The light emitted from the light emitting element 122 passes through the touch sensitive layer 110 as shown in FIG. If the light traveling along the arrow line L3 in the drawing reaches the object 130, a part of the light enters the reference mark 132. The reflected light that is reflected by the reference mark 132 and travels along the arrow line L4 in the drawing is detected by the light detection element 124 in the region 170. Similarly, a part of the light traveling along the arrow line L5 in the drawing also enters the object 130 (but does not enter the reference mark). The reflected light that is reflected by the object 130 and travels along the arrow line L6 in the drawing is detected by the light detection element 124 in the region 170.
The light intensity value measured by the light detection element 124 in the region 170 is supplied to the processor 145, and the processor 145 generates a two-dimensional light intensity spatial distribution corresponding to the reflected light from the lower surface of the object 130. Since the reference marks 132 and 134 are made of a material having a reflectance R2 higher than the reflectance R1 of the object 130, the reflected light from these reference marks is lighter than the reflected light from other parts of the object 130. Strength increases. Therefore, the region corresponding to the reference marks 132 and 134 in the light intensity spatial distribution appears brighter than the region corresponding to the rest of the object 130 (ie, has a higher light intensity value).
If it is known in advance what specific reference mark is provided on each object 130, the object 130 can be identified based on the difference in light intensity for each region described above in the light intensity spatial distribution. FIG. 3A schematically shows an example of an optical image 200 of ambient light and reflected light. As shown in FIG. 2, both the object 130 and the finger 140 are touch-sensitive layers as shown in FIG. 10 is a light image obtained by measuring ambient light and reflected light by the plurality of light detection elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 when the surface of the light emitting layer 110 is in contact with the surface of the light emitting layer 110. The optical image 200 includes a region 210 having a substantially uniform light intensity. This region 210 is a region corresponding to ambient light that is simply transmitted through the touch sensitive layer 110 and detected by the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120. The optical image 200 further includes a region 230 with sharply defined edges. If the light emitting element 122 in the area 170 does not emit light, the area 230 becomes a shadow itself formed by the ambient light being shielded by the object 130. However, here, the light emitted from the light emitting element 122 is incident on the lower surface of the object 130. Part of this incident light is reflected by the object 130, and the reflected light is detected by the light detection element 124. Therefore, the luminance of the region 230 with respect to the luminance of the region 210 corresponds to the amount of reflected light reflected by the object 130 with respect to the amount of ambient light shielded by the object 130.
In the region 230, there are regions 232 and 234 having higher average light intensity than the average light intensity of the region 230. These regions 232 and 234 are regions corresponding to the reference marks 132 and 134, and have higher luminance because the reference mark forming material has higher reflectance. Further, an area 240 exists in the area 200, and this area 240 is an area corresponding to the finger 140. The sharpness of the edge of the region 240 is lower than the sharpness of the edge of the region 230, which means that the contoured part of the finger 140 is far away from the surface of the touch sensitive layer 110 and / or the finger 140 is touched. This is because it extends obliquely with respect to the sensitive layer 110.
The fiducial marks 232 and 234 each correspond to two local maxima in the light intensity spatial distribution represented in the form of the optical image 200. If the fiducial marks 132 and 134 are If the shape is unique to the object 130, the object 130 can be identified based on the fiducial marks 132 and 134. Therefore, even when a plurality of objects are placed in contact with the surface of the touch sensitive layer 110, if the patterns and shapes of the reference marks of these objects are different for each object, the bottom surface of each object The objects can be discriminated by measuring the light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light reflected at, and identifying the position and / or shape of the peak in the light intensity spatial distribution.
FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing an optical image 250 of ambient light and reflected light obtained by measurement by the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 when two types of objects are placed in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. FIG. The first object has a cross-shaped reference mark. Corresponding to the first object is a region 260 of the optical image, and the shape and position of the reference mark of this object are represented by the region 262. The second object has four reference marks combined to form a predetermined graphic pattern. Corresponding to this second object is a region 270 of the optical image, and these four fiducial marks are represented by regions 272, 274, 276 and 278, respectively. As is apparent from a glance of the light image 250, the two types of objects can be easily discriminated based on the light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light reflected from the lower surface of each of the objects.
FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the structure of one configuration of the touch screen device 100 in more detail. As described above, the touch screen device 100 includes two layers: a touch sensitive layer 110 and a light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 configured as an active matrix layer. The touch sensitive layer 110 includes a first substrate 305 and a second substrate 315. A plurality of electrodes 310 are arranged on the first substrate 305, and the pitch of the electrodes 310 (distance between the electrode centers) and the gap dimension (the dimension of the gap between adjacent electrodes) It is selected according to the touch detection sensitivity and touch position measurement accuracy required for the screen device 100. The plurality of electrodes 310 are electrically connected to a processor 145 (not shown), and the processor 145 measures the capacitive coupling between the electrodes 310. As shown in FIG. 4A, the touch screen device 100 is configured to generate a substantially planar output display image, with the plurality of electrodes 310 relative to the plane of the output display image. It is disposed in a plane substantially parallel (that is, in a plane parallel to the first substrate 305). In general, a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the output display image is an angle with respect to the plane of the output display image of 10 ° or less (eg, 8 ° or less, 6 ° or less, 5 ° or less, 4 ° or less). Plane (such as 3 ° or less, 2 ° or less, or 1 ° or less).
To monitor and detect touch events or proximity events, the electronic processor 145 is configured to detect changes in capacitive coupling between at least two electrodes 310. As shown in FIG. 4A, the plurality of electrodes 310 are insulated from each other, and since a voltage is applied to each electrode 310, an electric field is generated outward from each electrode 310. If a touch event occurs, the overall shape of the electric field changes, and thus the capacitance between one electrode 310 and another electrode 310 changes. However, even if a touch event does not occur, if the operator of the system brings a finger close to the electrode 310, only the finger exists at a position close to the electrode 310, and the form of the electric field associated with the electrode 310 Changes sufficiently large. This change in the shape of the electric field or the change in capacitive coupling is detected by the processor 145 (in many cases, the processor 145 detects the waveform of the current due to the capacitive coupling), and based on the detected change. Determine where the touch event or proximity event (in the coordinate system of device 100) occurred. Among various configurations, there is a configuration in which a change amount and / or a change occurrence region in a change in capacitance coupling can be determined, and the information is added to the substrate 315. The magnitude of the pressure (or the weight of the object placed in contact with the substrate 315) can be derived.
FIG. 4A also shows a specific example of the detailed structure of the photosensitive layer 120. In addition, FIG. 4B shows a top view of the configuration of the photosensitive layer 120. The photosensitive layer 120 includes a photosensitive thin film transistor (photo TFT) and a read thin film transistor (read TFT) connected to the photo TFT. A capacitor Cst2 is connected to the common line of these transistors. A black matrix having a relatively high opacity is formed so as to cover the readout TFT, and this black matrix substantially prevents ambient light from reaching the formation area of the readout TFT. is there.
FIG. 4C is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of electrical connection between various components of the photosensitive layer. In FIG. 4C, the potential of the common line is set to be a predetermined negative potential (for example, −10 V) with respect to the reference ground potential, for example. In the previous read cycle, when a voltage is applied to the selection line, the voltage of the read line is coupled to the drain of the photo TFT and the drain of the read TFT, so that a potential difference occurs between both ends of the capacitor Cst2. Yes. The voltage coupled to the drain of the photo TFT and the drain of the readout TFT is approximately equal to the ground potential, and the non-inverting input of the charge readout amplifier is connected to ground. When the voltage applied to the selection line is removed, the readout TFT is turned off.
During normal operating conditions, ambient light is transmitted through the display and is incident on the photo TFT (the photo TFT is often made of amorphous silicon). From this state, if the ambient light illuminating the region of the photo TFT is shielded because a touch event has occurred, the photo TFT is turned off, and the voltage across the capacitor Cst2 is the photo TFT It will not be possible to fully discharge the battery.
In order to determine the voltage across the capacitor Cst2, a voltage is applied to the selection line to open the gate of the readout TFT, thereby coupling the voltage across the capacitor Cst2 to the readout line. When the readout TFT is turned on in this way and the voltage across the capacitor Cst2 is coupled to the readout line, if the readout line voltage does not change significantly, the output of the charge readout amplifier also changes greatly. There is nothing. From this, the touch screen device 100 can determine whether or not ambient light that should be incident is shielded. If it is determined that the screen is shielded from light, the touch screen device 100 determines that a touch has been made at a position on the display screen corresponding to the photo TFT from which the signal has been read.
In the read cycle, when a voltage is applied to the selection line, the voltage of the drain of the photo TFT and the voltage of the drain of the read TFT are coupled to the respective read lines, and as a result, between the both ends of the capacitor Cst2. The voltage is reset (reset). When the voltage applied to the selection line is removed, the readout TFT is turned off. Therefore, when the voltage read operation is executed, the voltage read in the next read cycle is reset (reset).
The touch screen device 100 also performs an operation to determine when a touch event has disappeared when it has disappeared. This mode of operation begins with ambient light entering the photo TFT through the openings in the black matrix (the photo TFT is often made of amorphous silicon). If the touch event disappears and the ambient light can no longer illuminate the formation area of the photo TFT through the black matrix opening, then the photo TFT is turned “on” and the capacitor The voltage across Cst2 is discharged through the photo TFT connected to the common line. Therefore, when ambient light enters, the voltage across the capacitor Cst2 changes greatly.
In order to determine the voltage across the capacitor Cst2, a voltage is applied to the selection line to open the gate of the readout TFT, thereby coupling the voltage across the capacitor Cst2 to the readout line. Thus, when the readout TFT is turned on and the voltage across the capacitor Cst2 is coupled to the readout line, if the readout line voltage changes greatly, that is, if a current flows into the readout line. The output voltage of the charge readout amplifier is substantially non-zero. The output voltage of the charge readout amplifier becomes a value proportional to the charge stored in the capacitor Cst2 (or a value corresponding to the charge). From this, the touch screen device 100 can determine whether or not the surrounding incident light is shielded. If the screen is not shielded from light, the touch screen device 100 determines that the screen is not touched.
In general, the processor 145 identifies various objects that are close to or in contact with the touch screen device 100, determines the position of the object, and tracks various objects for image processing and data processing. It is preferable to have a configuration incorporating an algorithm. Further, the processor 145 (which may be comprised of a plurality of electronic processing elements) is based on data obtained by measuring the touch sensitive layer 110 and / or the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120. For detection and tracking of the object 130 and / or finger 140 with respect to one or more parameters of the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 (eg, parameters of the light detecting element 124 and / or light emitting element 122). It may be possible to make changes for adaptation aimed at improving the efficiency of the processing. For example, in various configurations, a position where an object or a finger is in contact with the touch-sensitive layer 110 is determined based on an image processing algorithm that identifies a shadow area (for example, the shadow area 230) in the light image 200. There is something configured to do. Further, as a method different from this, or as a method used in combination therewith, a potential difference between electrodes of the touch sensitive layer 110 reflecting the capacitive coupling is determined by using a region where an object or a finger is in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. It is also possible to identify based on a change in the measured value. If the area where the object or finger is in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110 is determined in this way, the determined area is identified as a specific search target area for performing a search in order to detect the reference mark. .
In order to track the object 130 moving on the touch sensitive layer 110, means for improving the tracking fidelity may be incorporated into the processor 145, and there are numerous such means. For example, among various configurations, there is one configured so that the area where the processor 145 searches for the reference mark is limited to the specific search target area described above. As a result, even if the display screen is relatively large, the area where the reference mark is searched can be limited to a relatively small area of the display screen, so that the object feature and position update can be speeded up. it can.
Among the various configurations, there is one in which the processor 145 acquires data at different speeds from different areas of the display screen. As an example, in a region identified as a specific target region in the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120, the speed at which the light intensity is measured in other regions (for example, the region 172) in the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is higher. The light intensity may be measured at a speed (eg, by the light detection element 124 in region 170). The ratio of the light intensity measurement speed in the region 170 to the light intensity measurement speed in the region 172 is 1.5: 1 or more (for example, 2: 1 or more, 2.5: 1 or more, 3: 1 or more, 4 : 1 or more, etc.)
Among various configurations, there is a configuration in which the processor 145 identifies an area of the display screen where a finger touch event has occurred and excludes the area from the search target area of the reference mark. As an example, the processor 145 identifies a region where a finger touch event has occurred based on a change in capacitive coupling between electrodes of the touch-sensitive layer 110 (eg, measured as a change in potential difference). It's also good. As an alternative method or a method in combination with this, the processor 145 may identify a region where a finger touch event has occurred based on the measured spatial distribution of ambient light and reflected light. . The shadow of a finger usually has low edge sharpness, and the average light intensity of the area where the shadow of the finger is formed is the shadow formed by placing an object in contact with the touch-sensitive layer 110. Compared to the average light intensity in the region, the intensity is high. By using the method as described above, the area of the display screen where the finger touch event has occurred can be identified, and the area can be excluded from the search target area of the reference mark.
Among various configurations, one or both of the light emitting element and the light detecting element is configured to improve the detection sensitivity of the reference mark. For example, in various configurations, the light detection element 124 may be set to have high sensitivity at one or more selected wavelengths. The setting in this case is fixed, and is set as such when the light detection element 124 is manufactured. As another method, there is a method in which the wavelength sensitivity characteristic of the light detection element 124 is made variable so that the processor 145 can change the wavelength sensitivity characteristic during operation. By making the light detection element 124 have a wavelength sensitivity characteristic that has high sensitivity only in a narrow wavelength region, the detection element 124 is less sensitive to ambient light in all wavelength regions other than the narrow wavelength region. The influence from fluctuations in the light intensity of the ambient light can be reduced. In particular, by selecting specific wavelength sensitivity characteristics, the dependency on the illumination quality of ambient light in the usage environment of the touch screen device 100 can be greatly reduced, and in some cases it can be wiped out. is there.
Of the various configurations, one is detected if the presence of the input operation means is detected (that is, the input operation means is in contact with or located close to the input operation means). Alternatively, there is one configured to increase the sensitivity of the light detection element 124 with respect to the detected input operation means by changing the setting of the plurality of light emitting elements 122. As an example, there is a configuration in which the processor 145 emits light with a specific wavelength corresponding to the wavelength of the high sensitivity region of the light detection element 124. There are various methods for changing the wavelength in this configuration, and an appropriate method may be used according to the characteristics of the light emitting element 122. For example, when the light emitting element 122 emits light by transmitting light generated by the backlight, the processor 145 controls an adjustable optical filter attached to the light emitting element 122. It is also possible to use a method of controlling the wavelength of light emitted through the light emitting element 122. On the other hand, in the case where the light emitting element 122 generates light naturally, at the time of manufacturing the light emitting element 122, the light emitting element 122 has a wavelength in a high sensitivity region in the wavelength sensitivity characteristic of the light detecting element 124. Alternatively, the light emitting element may be generated by, for example, changing the driving voltage supplied to the light emitting element 122 to shift the emission wavelength during the operation of the processor 145. The wavelength of the light generated by 122 may be configured to be a wavelength in a high sensitivity region in the wavelength sensitivity characteristics of the light detection element 124. In general, the light emitting element 122 is connected to the processor 145 via a driving circuit (not shown in FIG. 2), and the processor 145 supplies a voltage to the light emitting element 122 via this driving circuit, thereby The transmission amount of the light transmitted by the 122 and the generation amount of the light generated by the light emitting element 122 can be changed.
Using the techniques described above, the processor 145 can track the position and orientation of one or more objects, and the objects may be provided with fiducial marks (this In some cases, the processor can track the position, orientation, and identity of one or more objects), and also when the objects are stationary on the touch sensitive layer 110 These objects can be tracked even when moving along the surface of the sensitive layer 110. If the fiducial mark provided on the object is such that other characteristics can be dynamically changed, the processor 145 determines the other characteristic (indicated by the changing fiducial mark) of the object as time. Can be measured as a function of
Generally, a setting step, a measuring step, and a processing step disclosed in the present specification (for example, a step of setting the light emitting element 122, a step of setting the light detecting element 124, and measuring the light intensity using the light detecting element 124). The step of measuring the capacitive coupling between the electrodes 310 (by measuring the potential difference, and the step of optical image processing such as the optical images 200 and 250) are incorporated into the processor 145. This is a possible step. However, any of these steps may be performed by external hardware connected to the touch screen device 100, or may be performed by a system operator.
In the configuration shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 2, the processor 145 and the touch sensitive layer 110 are directly electrically connected. However, a configuration in which additional hardware is interposed between the processor 145 and the touch sensitive layer 110 may be employed. As an example, a drive circuit is connected between the processor 145 and the touch sensitive layer 110, and a voltage signal having a predetermined waveform to be supplied to a plurality of “row electrodes” of the touch sensitive layer 110 is generated by the drive circuit. It is good to do so. Further, a detection circuit may be connected between the processor 145 and the touch sensitive layer 110, more specifically, between a plurality of “column electrodes” of the touch sensitive layer 110 and the processor 145. In order to monitor the change in capacitance coupling, when a voltage signal having a predetermined waveform is sequentially applied to a plurality of row electrodes of the touch sensitive layer 110, a plurality of column electrodes of the touch sensitive layer 110 are applied. The processor 145 may be configured to measure the potential difference between them. The detection circuit may function to amplify a change in the potential difference and to convert the amplified signal from analog to digital, for example.
Illustrated in FIG. 5 is a flowchart 500 comprising a number of processing steps that are performed when the touch screen device 100 detects and processes a touch event. In step 505, the capacitive coupling between the electrodes of the touch sensitive layer 110 is monitored (eg, by monitoring the potential of the electrodes), and it is determined whether a touch event is occurring. As described above, the touch-sensitive layer 110 can detect both a touch event that occurs when a finger touches the touch-sensitive layer 110 and a touch event that occurs when an object contacts. However, this touch-sensitive layer 110 has a high detection sensitivity especially with respect to detection of touch events caused by finger contact. Subsequently, in step 510, the light intensity spatial distribution of the ambient light incident on the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 is measured, thereby providing further information regarding the contact between the operator's fingers and / or objects and the touch sensitive layer 110. Information is obtained. Subsequently, in a determination step 515, it is determined whether or not a finger and / or object contact event has been detected. If no finger and object contact event has been detected, the process flow proceeds to step 515. Returning to 505, and again, the touch sensitive layer 110 and the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 are monitored. On the other hand, if a contact event has been detected, then in step 520, the contact event is discriminated.
If a finger touch event is detected, the process flow proceeds from here to step 525, where the finger touch position is determined. As described above, in order to determine the contact position, a change in capacitance coupling between the electrodes of the touch sensitive layer 110 may be detected. As another method or a method used in combination with this, the contact position of the finger is determined by measuring the spatial intensity distribution of ambient light incident on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 in step 510. You may make it carry out based on the obtained shadow information. The information from step 510 is also used to determine the approximate shape of the effective finger contact area, as shown in FIG. 3A.
In step 530, the touch screen device 100 processes the detected finger touch event. The processing includes performing one or more tasks based on the detected finger touch event, which includes updating the display image displayed by the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. Modifying one or more data values stored in a storage device connected to the processor 145, applying one or more algorithms to the stored data values, and Various other tasks are included. If the operation in the processing step 530 is completed, it is subsequently determined in a determination step 535 whether or not a reference mark search needs to be executed in the current processing flow. If it is determined that it is not necessary to continue this process, the process flow returns to step 505. On the other hand, if it is determined that it needs to be performed (eg, if a touch event of one or more objects has been detected in step 520), the process flow goes to optional step 540. move on.
In optional step 540, the region corresponding to the position of the finger in the previously identified finger touch event is excluded from the target region for searching the reference mark in the entire region of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. To do. Since the area portion of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is covered with a finger, there is a possibility that a reference mark of an input operation means (that is, the object 130) different from the finger is found in the area portion. There is nothing. Therefore, in order to save waste of calculation time and measurement time, the region portion covered with the finger of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is excluded and the region portion not covered with the finger of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is excluded. Only the target area is searched for the reference mark.
Subsequently, in step 545, the position and shape of the object in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110 are determined based on the light intensity spatial distribution of the ambient light measured in step 510. In step 550, the search target area of the reference mark is set based on the information on the position and shape of the object (for example, corresponding to the pixel of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 covered with the object as described above). Region, ie region 170 in FIG. 2). In a subsequent optional step 555, the light emitting element 122 and / or the light detecting element 124 are used to better measure the reflected light reflected from the surface of the object in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. Change the setting. As described above, this setting change includes a change in intensity of light emitted from the light emitting element 122, a change in wavelength distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element 122, a change in spectral sensitivity characteristic of the light detection element 124, and the like.
Subsequently, in step 560, the lower surface of the object is illuminated with light emitted from the light emitting element 122 in the region 170, and the reflected light reflected by the contact surface (lower surface) of the object is measured by the light detection element in the region 170. . Further, in step 565, the two-dimensional light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light obtained by measurement is analyzed, and a peak portion having a higher light intensity than the surroundings existing in the light intensity spatial distribution and / or Alternatively, the position, shape, and relative posture between the peak portion and / or other feature portion of the other feature portion are determined. Furthermore, the number of reference marks, the shape of the reference marks, and the attitude of the reference marks in the coordinate system with respect to the touch screen device 100 are determined based on the peak portion and / or other characteristic portions. In step 570, the object is identified based on the reference mark detected in step 565. Still further, the position and orientation of the object in the coordinate system of the touch screen device 100 are determined based on the detected reference mark.
There are various objects that are contacted on the touch-sensitive layer 110 and identified as described above. For example, in various configurations, the object to be identified is a drawing object in the shape of a pen or a pencil, and a reference mark for identifying that the object is a drawing object is provided. There is something to have. Further, among various configurations, the object to be identified is an eraser-shaped erase object, and includes a reference mark for identifying that the erased object is an erase object. There is something. In step 575, the display image generated by the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 and presented to the viewer 160 is optionally subjected to update processing according to the identified object type. As an example, if the identified object is a drawing object, the object is covered by the “drawing” simulation operation performed on the touch screen device 100 at that time. The setting of some or all of the pixels in the covered area is changed so that the color and / or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitting elements 122 of those pixels becomes a specific color and / or intensity. As another example, if the identified object is an erasing object, a “erasing” simulation performed on a part of the display image displayed on the touch screen device 100 at that time. In response to the operation, change the setting of some or all of the pixels in the coverage area covered by the object to determine the color and / or intensity of the light emitted by the light emitting elements 122 of those pixels Of color and / or intensity.
When the drawing object moves on the touch screen device 100, the drawing object is tracked, and the pixel setting of the display image displayed on the touch screen device 100 is changed at that time. FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D show how the processing is performed. FIG. 6A schematically shows an optical image 600 of ambient light and reflected light. The optical image 600 measures ambient light and reflected light by a plurality of light detection elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. Obtained from the measured values. A region 610 in the optical image 600 is a region corresponding to ambient light that is transmitted through the touch sensitive layer 110 and is incident on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. A region 620 in the optical image 600 is a region corresponding to reflected light reflected from the bottom surface of the drawing object in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. Further, a plurality of regions 630 having higher brightness than the surroundings exist in the region 620, and these regions 630 are regions corresponding to a plurality of reference marks formed of a material having high reflectivity. The processor 145 can identify that the object is a drawing object by analyzing the light image 600 (this identification is performed based on the reference mark 630).
FIG. 6B is a top view showing a state in which the drawing object 640 is placed on the display screen 650 of the touch screen device 100. On the display screen 650, a cross-hatched image pattern 655 is displayed. As shown in FIGS. 6C and 6D, when the drawing object 640 moves on the display screen 650, an image pattern 655 displayed at that time is formed according to the position of the drawing object 640. Go to change the settings of multiple pixels. More specifically, since the object 640 is a drawing object, the setting of a plurality of pixels forming the image pattern 655 is set so as to reflect the “drawing” simulation operation in the image pattern 655 by the object 640. Change and go. That is, a plurality of pixels forming the image pattern 655 continues to display the cross-hatched image pattern, and further displays a drawn line 660 along the locus of the position of the drawing object 640. To do. Thus, the drawing object 640 can be used to “draw” on the display screen 650, and the drawing is performed in accordance with the change in the position of the drawing object 640.
Among various configurations, the drawing object 640 may be a pen or pencil-shaped object such as a stylus. In such a configuration, by providing a plurality of reflective reference marks on the lower surface of the stylus, the reference marks are detected and tracked when the stylus moves on the surface of the touch-sensitive layer 110. be able to. A stylus provided with light emitting means may be used as an object for drawing. However, this touch screen device 100 can also use a stylus without light emitting means, and a stylus without light emitting means. In addition to simplifying the overall operation of the touch screen device, more types of objects for drawing can be used.
Similarly, when the erasing object moves on the touch screen device 100, the erasing object is tracked and the pixels of the display image displayed on the touch screen device 100 at that time are tracked. FIGS. 7A to 7D show the process of correcting the setting. FIG. 7A schematically shows an optical image 700 of ambient light and reflected light. The optical image 700 is measured by the plurality of light detection elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. Obtained from the measured values. The region 710 is a region corresponding to ambient light that is transmitted through the touch-sensitive layer 110 and is directly incident on the light-emitting / light-sensitive layer 120. The region 720 corresponds to the reflected light reflected from the bottom surface of the erasing object that is in contact with the touch sensitive layer 110. The plurality of regions 730 existing in the region 720 are regions corresponding to the plurality of reference marks provided on the object bottom surface (contact surface) for erasing, and the reference marks are formed of a material having high reflectivity. Therefore, the regions 730 appear brighter than the surrounding region 720. The processor 145 identifies an erasing object based on the reference mark observed in this way.
FIG. 7B is a top view showing the state in which the erasing object 740 is placed on the display screen 750 of the touch screen device 100. On the display screen 750, a cross-hatched image pattern 755 is displayed. As shown in FIGS. 7C and 7D, when the erasing object 740 moves on the display screen 750, an image pattern 755 displayed at that time is formed according to the position of the erasing object 740. Go to change the settings of multiple pixels. That is, since the object 740 is an erasing object, the “erasing” simulation operation for erasing a part of the image pattern 755 performed using the object 740 in accordance with the movement of the object 740 is reflected. As described above, the setting of a plurality of pixels forming the image pattern 755 is changed. A blank area in the image pattern 755 along the movement path of the object 740 on the display screen 750 is an area corresponding to this erasing operation. As described above, the image displayed on the display screen 750 can be “erased” using the erasing object 740, and the erasing is performed according to the change in the position of the erasing object 740.
Returning to FIG. 5, in step 580, it is determined whether it is necessary to continue monitoring the position of the object. If it is not necessary to continue, the process ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that the monitor needs to be continued, the process flow proceeds to optional step 585 to set the repetitive execution speed in the measurement of the reference mark. As described above, the speed at which the processor 145 performs the measurement of the ambient light can be different depending on the spatial position of the area, depending on the search target area of the reference mark set in step 550. Following this optional setting step, control flow returns to step 505 and again monitors the touch sensitive layer 110 as well as the light emitting / light sensitive layer 120 to detect touch events.
In either or both of these two steps 505 and 510, multiple measurements are typically performed. For example, when the touch sensitive layer 110 is monitored, the capacitive coupling between the electrodes is measured a plurality of times (for example, by measuring a potential difference between the electrodes). Similarly, when monitoring the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 to grasp the ambient light incident on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120, the intensity of the incident ambient light is measured a plurality of times. . In the configuration in which there are a plurality of search target areas for searching the reference mark and the repeated execution speed of the measurement is selected to be different for each area, each area on the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is selected. In addition, the number of ambient light intensity measurements may be varied.
Of the various processes included in the flowchart 500, the process executed in step 515 as specifically described above is a finger touch event or proximity event, or another object touch event or proximity event. This is a process for discriminating whether there is any. However, the type of the input operation means may be discriminated by the processing executed in step 515. For example, among various configurations, the type of input operation means other than the fingers (for example, the object 130) is discriminated by the process executed in step 515, and the type varies depending on the type of the identified object. There is something that will do the work. Further, among various configurations, the input operation means (for example, an object having a reference mark) recognized by the processing executed in step 515 and other unrecognized objects (for example, a reference mark) are provided. There is something that discriminates it from (no object). In various configurations, the type of input operation means (for example, finger, recognized object, unrecognized object, etc.) is discriminated by the process executed in step 515, and a contact event or proximity event is detected. Depending on the type to which the input operation means that generated the error belongs, there is a type in which different operations are performed. Further, for example, when a plurality of input operation means belonging to the same type but different from each other (for example, two or more different types of objects each having a reference mark) are identified, Different work may be performed.
FIG. 8 illustrates the detection of the input operation means contacting or approaching the touch-sensitive layer, and (optionally) for tracking the input operation means moving on the touch-sensitive layer. , A flowchart 800 comprising a number of processing steps. In an initial step 805, the electronic processor 145 (and / or other processing element) measures each electric field associated with the plurality of electrodes 310 of the touch sensitive layer 110, which is a capacitive touch sensitive layer. The measured values of these electric fields are obtained, for example, in the form of a measured value of a potential difference reflecting a change in capacitive coupling between the electrodes. The obtained measurement value may be stored in a storage device connected to the processor 145.
In step 810, the newly measured electric field measurement value is compared with the previously measured electric field measurement value (that is, the electric field measurement value previously measured and stored in the storage device). In step 815, it is determined whether or not the electric field measurement value has changed. If not, the control flow returns to step 805. In this case, there is no input operation means that is as close to the touch sensitive layer as is detectable. On the other hand, if one or several electric field measurements have changed, control flow proceeds to step 820. In step 820, the processor 145 determines the position of the input operation means with reference to the layer 120, which is the light emitting layer, based on the changed electric field measurement value. In this step 420, the position of the input operation means is determined based on (at least partially) the intensity of ambient light detected by the plurality of light detecting elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. A configuration may be adopted, which is as described above.
If the position of the input operation means is determined, then, in step 425, among the plurality of light emitting elements 122 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120, a group disposed at an arrangement position corresponding to the position of the input operation means. The light emitting elements 122 are identified, and the light emission amount of the group of light emitting elements 122 is increased. There are various methods for increasing the amount of light emission, and a method corresponding to the characteristics of the light emitting element to be used may be used. For example, the light emitting element 122 transmits light generated by a light source backlight provided separately from the light emitting element 122, such as a general liquid crystal display device, and is configured to control the amount of transmitted light. In the case of the light-emitting element, the processor 145 applies an appropriate voltage to the driving circuit associated with the light-emitting element 122, so that the light transmission amount of the light transmitted by the light-emitting element 122 may be increased. For example, when the light emitting element 122 is an element configured to generate light (for example, a light emitting diode such as an organic light emitting diode), a processor is added to the light emitting element 122 such as an organic light emitting diode. The light generation element 122 may increase the amount of light generated by the light emitting element 122 by supplying an appropriate drive current (via the drive circuit) 145. Therefore, in step 425, the light quantity emitted from the light emitting element and incident on the contact surface of the input operation means is increased by changing the setting of the light emitting element 122. There are various types of possible light emitting elements.
In optional step 430, the processor 145 makes one or several setting changes to the touch screen device 100 (ie, changes the settings of various parameters of the touch screen device 100). The function of detecting the input operation means and / or the function of tracking may be enhanced. In general, various settings can be changed. For example, with respect to an algorithm for searching for a reference mark, the search target area may be limited to only the area corresponding to the position of the input operation means in the entire area of the display screen (two input operation means simultaneously. In some cases, there are two or more areas corresponding to the position). Note that such a region may be determined based on a change in the electric field measurement value as described above, or may be obtained by measurement with the light detection element 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. The determination may be made based on the ambient light measurement value, or may be determined by both of them.
Among various configurations, the execution speed (measurement frequency) when executing the measurement of the reflected light in the region corresponding to the position of the input operation means of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is set to the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. Some of the other regions have a higher speed than the execution speed when measuring ambient light and / or reflected light. As another method, or as a method used in combination with this, the execution speed (measurement frequency) when measuring the reflected light in the region corresponding to the position of the input operation means of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 There is also a method in which the speed is made higher than the execution speed when the measurement of the electric field between the electrodes of the touch sensitive layer 110 is executed in step 805. The change of the setting relating to the execution speed is intended to increase the execution speed of tracking and updating the position, posture, and state of the input operation means moving on the touch sensitive layer 110 (input). The tracking and updating of the current state of the operating means is performed, for example, when the reference mark of the input operating means changes with time).
Among various configurations, the processor 145 can increase the integration time when the reflected light reflected by the input operation means is measured by the plurality of light detection elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. There is something configured. By increasing the integration time, it is possible to widen the dynamic range and / or to cope with a low light quantity state in tracking the input operation means. Further, among various configurations, the group of light detection elements in the region corresponding to the recognized reference mark pattern of the input operation means among the plurality of light detection elements 124 of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. There is a configuration in which a part or all of 124 is configured such that the processor 145 deactivates it using an electronic shutter function.
Among various configurations, the processor 145 may turn off the display function of a group of pixels in a region corresponding to the position of the input operation unit among the plurality of pixels of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120. There is something configured. When the input operation means approaches or comes into contact with the touch sensitive layer 110, a group of pixels at a position corresponding to the position of the input operation means among the plurality of pixels of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is the input operation. Since it is covered with the means, it cannot be seen by the observer. By turning off the display function of such a group of pixels (ie, preventing the light emitting elements of those pixels from emitting light to form a display image on the display screen of the touch screen device 100). , Some time for processing and display can be saved. Further, the light emission amount of the group of pixels may be increased as described above with reference to step 825 so that the reference mark on the bottom surface of the input operation means can be easily detected.
Among various configurations, in step 825, the light emitted from the light emitting elements 122 when the processor 145 changes the setting for the group of light emitting elements 122 at the position corresponding to the position of the input operation means. Is configured to match the wavelength of the high sensitivity region of the light detection element 124. There are various methods for changing the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting element 122, and a method corresponding to the characteristics of the light emitting element to be used may be used. For example, the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is a constituent layer of a liquid crystal display device including a backlight for generating light, and the light emitting element 122 transmits light that passes through a specific pixel position of the constituent layer. If it is an element for controlling the amount, the backlight is often a white light source (eg, a light source such as a white light emitting diode and / or a cold cathode fluorescent tube). On the other hand, if the light detection element 124 is an element mainly composed of hydrogenated amorphous silicon, the high-sensitivity region of the light detection element is a portion near the red end of the visible light region in the light spectrum and the near infrared region. It is an area. Therefore, in these cases, the processor 145 should send an appropriate control signal to each of the light emitting elements 122 to turn on only those light emitting elements 122 corresponding to the red pixels. That's fine. Accordingly, the light incident on the bottom surface of the input operation means can be red light, and the reflected light can be detected by the light detection element 124. If the display device includes a backlight composed of a red light emitting diode, a green light emitting diode, and a blue light emitting diode, the processor 145 turns on only the red light emitting diode. Therefore, only red light is incident on the input operation means, and the reflected light can be detected by the light detection element 124. Similarly, when the display device includes a plurality of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), the processor 145 changes the settings of the OLEDs so that only the red OLEDs of the OLEDs emit light. Thus, the red light reflected by the input operation means can be detected by the light detection element 124.
Among various configurations, a touch screen may be used as means for increasing the amount of light emitted by the light emitting element to further facilitate the detection of fiducial marks (as described above in connection with step 825). Some devices 100 are configured to include additional light sources (for example, a display device having a backlight composed of a plurality of LEDs, a plurality of additional light sources may be disposed between the LEDs) In addition, in the case of a display device having a translucent backlight composed of a plurality of OLEDs, a plurality of additional light sources may be arranged behind the backlight). The additional light source may be configured to emit light having a wavelength in the near infrared region, which is a high sensitivity region of the light detection element 124, for example. The processor 145 may also be configured to activate such additional light source if an input manipulation means is detected, thereby facilitating subsequent detection and tracking of the input manipulation means. Additional light for this is supplied. There are various stylus-type writing instruments made of non-conductive materials as objects for drawing, but in order to detect and track such objects, additional light is supplied. It is particularly useful to use light in a high sensitivity region (for example, near infrared region) of the light detection element 124.
Returning to the flowchart 800, in the next step 835, the reflected light reflected by the input operation means is measured (for example, a group of light corresponding to the position of the input operation means with reference to the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120). Measured by the detection element 124). In step 840, the processor 145 acquires the spatial distribution of the reflected light in a region corresponding to the contact surface of the input operation means based on the measured light intensity value of the reflected light, and further, the contact surface of the input operation means. If a reference mark is provided, the reference mark is identified (the identification of the reference mark is performed, for example, by identifying a high-luminance region in the light intensity spatial distribution of reflected light). Still further, based on the characteristic pattern of the reference mark, identification of the input operation means and / or determination of the posture of the input operation means with reference to the touch sensitive layer 110 and / or the state of the input operation means The information regarding is determined.
Subsequently, in optional step 845, the setting of a group of pixels corresponding to the position of the input operation means among the plurality of pixels of the light emitting / photosensitive layer 120 is changed, and these pixels are covered by the input operation means. The display setting of the pixels after coming out of the state is different from the display setting of the pixels when the pixels are covered with the input operation means. For example, the configuration may be such that one or both of the luminance and color of the pixel is changed according to the type of the input operation means. In addition, as described above with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6D and FIGS. 7A to 7D, the drawing performed using the input operation means on the pixels forming the display image on the display screen It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the setting is changed reflecting the simulated operation or the erase simulated operation.
If it is determined in step 850 that the input operation means needs to be traced, the control flow returns to step 805. On the other hand, if it is determined that the tracking of the input operation means should be terminated and monitoring and detection of further touch events or proximity events should be stopped, the processing is terminated in step 855.
The numerous steps associated with the various methods for collecting, processing, analyzing, interpreting, and displaying the data described above can be performed by a computer program using standard programming techniques. The computer program can be constructed so as to be executable by a programmable computer, an application-specific integrated circuit, and the like. Such a computer or integrated circuit includes, for example, an electronic processor and a data storage system (memory). And / or storage components), at least one input device, and at least one output device (eg, display, printer, etc.). Program of such a computer program into input data (for example, measurement value of capacitive coupling, measurement value of light intensity of ambient light, and / or measurement value of light intensity of reflected light reflected by input object) The code is applied to provide the various functions described herein. Further, such a computer program can be constructed by a high-level procedural programming language or an object-oriented programming language, and can also be constructed by an assembly language or a machine language. Furthermore, these languages may be compiler languages or interpreted languages. In addition, such a computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium (for example, a CD-ROM or a magnetic disk), and the storage medium is read by a computer and stored in the processor of the computer. The various analysis functions and control functions described in (1) are executed.
Although various configuration forms have been described above, various modifications can be made to the configuration modes as can be easily understood. For this reason, the description of the scope of the claims includes other configuration forms other than the configuration modes described above.
In touch-sensitive display devices,
A light emitting layer having a plurality of light emitting elements configured to generate an output display image and having a plurality of light detection elements;
A capacitive touch sensitive layer having one or more electrodes;
A driving circuit for driving the plurality of light emitting elements to generate an output display image;
One or more electronic processing elements,
The one or more electronic processing elements are:
-Identifying an output received from one or more of the plurality of light detection elements;
-Identifying the output received from at least one of said electrodes;
-Based on at least one of the two identified outputs, configured to determine the position of the input operating means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device;
The capacitive touch sensitive layer forms a projected capacitive touch sensitive layer,
Touch-sensitive display device.
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of light detection elements includes a plurality of photodiodes.
The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of light detection elements include a plurality of elements each configured as a multilayer semiconductor device.
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting elements are configured to emit light in the visible light region of the light spectrum during operation of the touch-sensitive display device.
The plurality of light emitting elements are configured to emit light in the infrared region of the light spectrum during operation of the touch sensitive display device.
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 1, wherein the light emitting layer is divided into a plurality of pixels, each pixel comprising at least one light emitting element.
The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 6, wherein at least some of the plurality of pixels comprise at least one light detection element.
The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 1, wherein the capacitive touch-sensitive layer includes a common electrode disposed at a position spaced apart from each of the one or more electrodes.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device may comprise the electrodes during operation of the touch-sensitive display device. The touch-sensitive display device of claim 8, comprising an electronic processing element configured to detect a relative change in potential difference between at least one of the electrodes and the common electrode.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device are the at least one during operation of the touch-sensitive display device. An electron configured to determine a position of the input operating means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a relative change in potential difference between two electrodes and the common electrode The touch-sensitive display device of claim 9, comprising a processing element.
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device;
Detecting a change in the amount of capacitive coupling associated with at least one of the electrodes;
Determining a position of the input operating means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a change in at least one capacitive coupling amount associated with at least one of the electrodes; ,
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 1, comprising an electronic processing element configured as follows.
The amount of ambient light incident on one or more of the plurality of light detection elements based on the output received from one or more of the plurality of light detection elements Detects relative changes in
The proximity to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a relative change in the amount of ambient light incident on one or more of the plurality of light detection elements; Determining the position of the input operation means;
Detecting a relative change in the amount of ambient light incident on the specific light detection elements based on an output received from the specific light detection elements of the plurality of light detection elements;
Based on the plurality of specific light detection elements in which the relative change in the amount of incident ambient light is detected, the shape of the surface of the input operation means in proximity to the touch-sensitive display device is determined. ,
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 12, comprising an electronic processing element configured as follows.
Detecting a change in at least one electric field associated with at least one of said electrodes;
Determining the position of the input operating means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device as a result of detecting a relative change in at least one electric field associated with at least one of the electrodes;
And wherein the light emitting layer is divided into a plurality of pixels, each pixel comprising at least one light emitting element,
The one or more electronic processing elements configured to determine a position of the input manipulation means proximate to the touch-sensitive display device is further associated with at least one of the electrodes. Based on a detected relative change in at least one electric field, configured to identify pixels covered by the input manipulation means of the plurality of pixels of the light emitting layer;
The one or more processing elements further control the drive circuit to thereby correspond to a pixel determined to be covered by the input operation means among the plurality of pixels of the light emitting layer. Is configured to increase the light emission amount of at least some of the light emitting elements.
The one or more processing elements perform the light detection using a light detector corresponding to at least some of the pixels of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means. The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 15, configured to detect reflected light reflected by the operating means.
The touch according to claim 16, wherein the one or more processing elements are configured to measure a light intensity spatial distribution of reflected light corresponding to pixels of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means. Sensitive display device.
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 17, wherein the one or more processing elements are configured to measure a spatial distribution of reflected light intensity peaks present in the light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light. device.
19. A touch-sensitive display device according to claim 18, wherein the one or more processing elements are configured to identify the input manipulation means based on the spatial distribution of the reflected light intensity peak.
The one or more processing elements are plural at a first measurement execution repetition frequency f1 using photodetectors corresponding to at least some of the pixels of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means. The one or more processing elements are configured to use the light detector corresponding to the pixel of the light emitting layer not covered by the input operation means. The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 16, wherein the touch-sensitive display device is configured to perform light intensity measurement a plurality of times at a second measurement execution repetition frequency f2 lower than the measurement execution repetition frequency f1.
The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 19, wherein the one or more processing elements are configured to determine a position of the input operation unit with reference to the light emitting layer based on the reflected light intensity peak. device.
The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 19, wherein the one or more processing elements are configured to determine a posture of the input operation unit with respect to the light emitting layer based on the reflected light intensity peak.
The one or more processing elements repeat the position of the input operation means with respect to the light emitting layer when the input operation means is moving on the surface of the capacitive touch sensitive layer. The touch-sensitive display device of claim 21, wherein the touch-sensitive display device is configured to determine the
The one or more processing elements change the pixel setting of the light emitting layer based on the determination result of the position of the input operation means, and the change of the pixel setting is performed by changing the pixel setting of the light emitting layer. At least one of a change in the amount of light transmitted by the light emitting element corresponding to one or more pixels and a change in the amount of light generated by the light emitting element corresponding to one or more pixels of the light emitting layer 24. The touch sensitive display device of claim 23, wherein the touch sensitive display device is configured to include:
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of pixels comprises at least one light detection element.
The touch-sensitive display device according to claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of pixels comprises at least one liquid crystal material cell.
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting elements are a plurality of organic light emitting diodes.
The touch-sensitive display device of claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of pixels of the light emitting layer corresponds to at least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes of the capacitive touch-sensitive layer.
In a method of operating a touch sensitive display device comprising a capacitive touch sensitive layer having one or more electrodes, a light emitting layer having a plurality of light emitting elements, and one or more photodetecting elements,
Monitoring one or more electric fields associated with the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer;
Of the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch-sensitive layer based on the monitoring result of one or more electric fields associated with the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch-sensitive layer Identifying at least one change in at least one electric field associated with at least one electrode of
As a result of identifying at least one change in at least one electric field associated with at least one of the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch-sensitive layer, the one or more Determining the position of the input operation means relative to the light emitting layer based on the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer where a change in electric field associated with the electrode has been identified; ,
One or more of the plurality of light-emitting elements of the light-emitting layer disposed at a position on the light-emitting layer corresponding to the position of the input operation means with reference to the determined light-emitting layer. Increasing the intensity of light emitted from the light emitting elements of
Receiving from said one or more light detection elements an input comprising information about incident light incident on one or more of the plurality of light detection elements;
Monitoring reflected light reflected by the input operating means based on the input received from the one or more light detection elements;
In the step of increasing the intensity of light emitted from one or more of the plurality of light emitting elements, the region of the light emitting layer covered by the input operation means is identified, and the covered region 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the intensity of the light emitted from the light emitting element corresponding to is increased.
Of the plurality of light emitting elements of the light emitting layer, light emitted from one or a plurality of light emitting elements disposed at the disposed position on the light emitting layer corresponding to the determined position of the input operation means. 30. The method of claim 29, further comprising changing the wavelength.
30. The method according to claim 29, further comprising identifying the input operating means based on reflected light reflected by the input operating means.
In the step of identifying the input operation means, a reflected light intensity spatial distribution of the reflected light reflected by the input operation means is determined, a light intensity peak position in the reflected light intensity spatial distribution is determined, and the light intensity peak The method of claim 32, comprising identifying the input manipulation means based on a position.
The step of identifying the input operation means includes determining one or more light intensity peak shapes in the reflected light intensity spatial distribution, and identifying the input operation means based on the light intensity peak shapes. 34. The method of claim 33.
The method according to claim 33, further comprising the step of determining an attitude of the input operation means based on the peak position.
One or more electric fields associated with the one or more electrodes of the capacitive touch sensitive layer when the input manipulation means is moving relative to the capacitive touch sensitive layer. 30. The method according to claim 29, further comprising the step of repeatedly performing monitoring to determine the position of the input operating means.
The light emitting layer is divided into a plurality of pixels, identifies one or more pixels covered by the input operation means, and is covered by the input operation means based on the characteristics of the input operation means. 35. The method of claim 34, further comprising changing a setting of one or more of the existing pixels.
In the step of changing the setting of one or more of the pixels covered by the input operation means, if the pixels covered by the input operation means become uncovered, 38. The method of claim 37, including changing a setting of at least one of the wavelength and intensity of light emitted by one or more of the pixels.
Receiving input from one or more of the light detection elements and repeatedly monitoring the reflected light reflected by the input operation means, wherein the input operation means covers the input light. One or a plurality of light detection elements corresponding to the region of the light emitting layer is repeatedly received at the first repetition frequency f1, and 1 corresponding to the region of the light emitting layer not covered by the input operation means. 31. The method of claim 30, further comprising receiving input from one or more light detection elements repeatedly at a second repetition frequency f2 that is lower than the first repetition frequency f1.
34. The method of claim 33, further comprising determining a position of the input manipulation means relative to the light emitting layer based on the input received from one or more of the light detection elements. .
In display devices:
A display device comprising a plurality of light emitting elements and a plurality of light detecting elements;
A touch sensitive sensor layer configured to transmit light emitted from the plurality of light emitting elements;
An electronic processing element connected to the display device and the touch sensitive sensor layer;
The electronic processing element is
-Receiving input from the touch sensitive sensor layer;
-Based on the input received from the touch sensitive sensor layer, determining the position of the input operating means in proximity to the display device;
-It is configured to change an operation parameter of the display device based on a position of the input operation means, and the touch sensitive sensor is a projected capacitive sensor;
-Configured to change an operation parameter of the display device based on a position of the input operation means, and the touch sensitive sensor is a resistive touch sensitive sensor;
-Configured to change an operation parameter of the display device based on a position of the input operation means, and the touch sensitive sensor is a surface capacitive sensor;
-It is configured to change the operation parameter of the display device based on the position of the input operation means, and the touch sensitive sensor includes a waveguiding layer, and when an object comes into contact with the touch sensitive sensor A sensor configured to detect contact of the object by measuring light leaking from the waveguide layer.
-It is comprised so that the operation parameter of the said display apparatus may be changed based on the position of the said input operation means, and the change of the said operation parameter is carried out by the at least one light emitting element of these light emitting elements. Including changing the wavelength of the emitted light,
-It is comprised so that the operation parameter of the said display apparatus may be changed based on the position of the said input operation means, and the change of the said operation parameter is carried out by the at least one light emitting element of these light emitting elements. Including changing the intensity of the emitted light,
-It is configured to change an operating parameter of the display device based on the position of the input operating means, and the changing of the operating parameter comprises one or more additional light emitting elements of the display device Including activating,
-Configured to change the operating parameters of the display device based on the position of the input operating means, and the electronic processing element further comprises:
-Determining a coverage area of a portion of the display device covered by the input operation means;
-The light emitted by at least some of the light emitting elements disposed in the covered area is incident on the input operation means;
The reflected light reflected by the input operation means is configured to measure using at least some of the light detection elements of the light detection elements disposed in the covered area;
-Configured to change the operating parameters of the display device based on the position of the input operating means;
The electronic processing element further includes
-It is configured to measure the reflected light reflected by the input operation means by using at least some of the light detection elements of the light detection elements disposed in the covered area; and The processing element is further configured to measure a spatial distribution of reflected light reflected by the input operation means and identify the input operation means based on the spatial distribution.
-It is configured to measure the reflected light reflected by the input operation means using at least some of the light detection elements of the light detection elements disposed in the covered area, and the operation The change of the parameter includes changing at least one of a measurement repetition speed and a measurement integration time in at least some of the light detection elements disposed in the coverage area.
49. The display device of claim 48, wherein the input comprises at least one electrical signal that includes information regarding changes in capacitive coupling associated with one or more sensor layers of the touch sensitive sensor layer.
49. The display device of claim 48, wherein the input comprises at least one electrical signal that includes information regarding a change in electric field associated with one or more sensor layers of the touch sensitive sensor layer.
JP2011546340A 2009-01-14 2010-01-14 Touch sensitive display Active JP5780970B2 (en)
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US8917387B1 (en) 2014-12-23 Fingerprint sensing apparatus
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