Source: http://www.ussc.gov/guidelines/2015-guidelines-manual/archive/2005-5g13
Timestamp: 2016-09-27 06:58:21
Document Index: 466246414

Matched Legal Cases: ['§5', '§1', '§1', '§1', '§2', '§2', '§5', '§5', '§1', '§7', '§ 3585', '§5', '§5', '§ 3553']

2005 5g1_3 | United States Sentencing Commission
2005 5g1_3
2005 Federal Sentencing GuidelinesCHAPTER FIVE - PART G - IMPLEMENTING THE TOTAL SENTENCE OF IMPRISONMENT§5G1.3. Imposition of a Sentence
on a Defendant Subject to an Undischarged Term of Imprisonment(a) If the instant offense was committed while the defendant was serving a
term of imprisonment (including work release, furlough, or escape status) or
after sentencing for, but before commencing service of, such term of imprisonment,
the sentence for the instant offense shall be imposed to run consecutively
to the undischarged term of imprisonment.(b) If subsection (a) does not apply, and a term of imprisonment resulted
from another offense that is relevant conduct to the instant offense of conviction
under the provisions of subsections (a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(3) of §1B1.3
(Relevant Conduct) and that was the basis for an increase in the offense level
for the instant offense under Chapter Two (Offense Conduct) or Chapter Three
(Adjustments), the sentence for the instant offense shall be imposed as follows:
(1) the court shall adjust the sentence for any period of imprisonment already
served on the undischarged term of imprisonment if the court determines that
such period of imprisonment will not be credited to the federal sentence
by the Bureau of Prisons; and (2) the sentence for the instant offense shall be imposed to run concurrently
to the remainder of the undischarged term of imprisonment.
(c) (Policy Statement) In any other case involving an undischarged term of
imprisonment, the sentence for the instant offense may be imposed to run concurrently,
partially concurrently, or consecutively to the prior undischarged term of
imprisonment to achieve a reasonable punishment for the instant offense.CommentaryApplication Notes:1. Consecutive Sentence - Subsection
(a) Cases. Under subsection (a), the court shall impose a consecutive
sentence when the instant offense was committed while the defendant was serving
an undischarged term of imprisonment or after sentencing for, but before
commencing service of, such term of imprisonment.2. Application of Subsection (b).— (A) In General.—Subsection
(b) applies in cases in which all of the prior offense (i) is relevant conduct
to the instant offense under the provisions of subsection (a)(1), (a)(2),
or (a)(3) of
§1B1.3 (Relevant Conduct); and (ii) has resulted in an increase in the
Chapter Two or Three offense level for the instant offense. Cases in which
only part of the prior offense is relevant conduct to the instant offense
are covered under subsection (c). (B) Inapplicability of Subsection
(b).—Subsection (b) does not apply in cases in which the prior
offense increased the Chapter Two or Three offense level for the instant
offense but was not relevant conduct to the instant offense under §1B1.3(a)(1),
(a)(2), or (a)(3) (e.g.,
the prior offense is an aggravated felony for which the defendant received
an increase under §2L1.2 (Unlawfully Entering or Remaining in the
United States), or the prior offense was a crime of violence for which
the defendant received an increased base offense level under §2K2.1
(C) Imposition of Sentence.—If
subsection (b) applies, and the court adjusts the sentence for a period of
time already served, the court should note on the Judgement in a Criminal
Case Order (i) the applicable subsection (e.g., §5G1.3(b));
(ii) the amount of time by which the sentence is being adjusted; (iii) the
undischarged term of imprisonment for which the adjustment is being given;
and (iv) that the sentence imposed is a sentence reduction pursuant to §5G1.3(b)
for a period of imprisonment that will not be credited by the Bureau of Prisons.
(D) Example.—The
following is an example in which subsection (b) applies and an adjustment
to the sentence is appropriate:
The defendant is convicted of a federal offense charging the sale of 40
grams of cocaine. Under §1B1.3, the defendant is held accountable for
the sale of an additional 15 grams of cocaine, an offense for which the defendant
has been convicted and sentenced in state court. The defendant received a
nine-month sentence of imprisonment for the state offense and has served
six months on that sentence at the time of sentencing on the instant federal
offense. The guideline range applicable to the defendant is 12-18 months
(Chapter Two offense level of level 16 for sale of 55 grams of cocaine; 3
level reduction for acceptance of responsibility; final offense level of
level 13; Criminal History Category I). The court determines that a sentence
of 13 months provides the appropriate total punishment. Because the defendant
has already served six months on the related state charge as of the date
of sentencing on the instant federal offense, a sentence of seven months,
imposed to run concurrently with the three months remaining on the defendant’s
state sentence, achieves this result.
(ii) the type (e.g.,
determinate, indeterminate/parolable) and length of the prior undischarged
sentence; (iii) the time served on the undischarged sentence and the time likely
to be served before release;
(iv) the fact that the prior undischarged sentence may have been imposed
in state court rather than federal court, or at a different time before
the same or different federal court; and
(v) any other circumstance relevant to the determination of an appropriate
sentence for the instant offense.
(B) Partially Concurrent Sentence.—In
some cases under subsection (c), a partially concurrent sentence may achieve
most appropriately the desired result. To impose a partially concurrent sentence,
the court may provide in the Judgment in a Criminal Case Order that the sentence
for the instant offense shall commence on the earlier of (i) when the defendant
is released from the prior undischarged sentence; or (ii) on a specified
date. This order provides for a fully consecutive sentence if the defendant
is released on the undischarged term of imprisonment on or before the date
specified in the order, and a partially concurrent sentence if the defendant
is not released on the undischarged term of imprisonment by that date. (C) Undischarged Terms of Imprisonment
Resulting from Revocations of Probation, Parole or Supervised Release.—Subsection
(c) applies in cases in which the defendant was on federal or state probation,
parole, or supervised release at the time of the instant offense and has
had such probation, parole, or supervised release revoked. Consistent with
the policy set forth in Application Note 4 and subsection (f) of §7B1.3
(Revocation of Probation or Supervised Release), the Commission recommends
that the sentence for the instant offense be imposed consecutively to the
sentence imposed for the revocation.
discretion in accordance with subsection (c) to fashion a sentence of appropriate
length and structure it to run in any appropriate manner to achieve a reasonable
punishment for the instant offense.
(E) Downward Departure.—Unlike
subsection (b), subsection (c) does not authorize an adjustment of the sentence
for the instant offense for a period of imprisonment already served on the
undischarged term of imprisonment. However, in an extraordinary case involving
an undischarged term of imprisonment under subsection (c), it may be appropriate
for the court to downwardly depart. This may occur, for example, in a case
in which the defendant has served a very substantial period of imprisonment
on an undischarged term of imprisonment that resulted from conduct only partially
within the relevant conduct for the instant offense. In such a case, a downward
departure may be warranted to ensure that the combined punishment is not
increased unduly by the fortuity and timing of separate prosecutions and
sentencings. Nevertheless, it is intended that a departure pursuant to this
application note result in a sentence that ensures a reasonable incremental
punishment for the instant offense of conviction. To avoid confusion with the Bureau of Prisons’ exclusive authority
provided under 18 U.S.C. § 3585(b) to grant credit for time served under
certain circumstances, the Commission recommends that any downward departure
under this application note be clearly stated on the Judgment in a Criminal
Case Order as a downward departure pursuant to §5G1.3(c), rather than
as a credit for time served.
4. Downward Departure Provision.—In
the case of a discharged term of imprisonment, a downward departure is not
prohibited if the defendant (A) has completed serving a term of imprisonment;
and (B) subsection (b) would have provided an adjustment had that completed
term of imprisonment been undischarged at the time of sentencing for the instant
offense. See §5K2.23 (Discharged
Terms of Imprisonment).Background: In a case in
which a defendant is subject to an undischarged sentence of imprisonment, the
court generally has authority to impose an imprisonment sentence on the current
offense to run concurrently with or consecutively to the prior undischarged
predicated on the court’s consideration of the factors listed in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a),
including any applicable guidelines or policy statements issued by the Sentencing
Commission. Historical Note: Effective
C, amendment 289); November 1, 1991 (see Appendix
C, amendment 385); November 1, 1992 (see Appendix
C, amendment 465); November 1, 1993 (see Appendix
C, amendment 494); November 1, 1995 (see Appendix
C, amendment 535); November 1, 2002 (see Appendix
C, amendment 645); November 1, 2003 (see Appendix
C, amendment 660). USSC HelpLine