Source: http://www.google.com.tw/patents/US7212208
Timestamp: 2013-06-20 06:30:34
Document Index: 108885964

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 300', 'art 400', 'art 400', 'art 400', 'art 600', 'art 1700', 'art 1700', 'art 1800']

�M�Q US7212208 - System and method to present and display multiple data using enhanced box charts - Google �M�Q�j�M �Ϥ� �a�� Play YouTube �s�D Gmail ���ݵw�� ��h »�i���M�Q�j�M | �������� | �n�J�i���M�Q�j�M�M�QA system and method for presenting and displaying multiple data in graphical form. A universal, objective, and quantifiable measuring presentation tool provides a quick graphic display of multiple data (e.g., parameters, functions, or metrics) under study. This data could be achievement, performance,...http://www.google.com.tw/patents/US7212208?utm_source=gb-gplus-share�M�Q US7212208 - System and method to present and display multiple data using enhanced box charts���}��US7212208 B2�X���������v�ӽЮѽs��10/372,199�o�G���2007�~5��1���ӽФ��2003�~2��25�� �u���v���2003�~2��25����L���}�M�Q��US20040164983, WO2004077231A2, WO2004077231A3, WO2004077231A9���}��10372199, 372199, US 7212208 B2, US 7212208B2, US-B2-7212208, US7212208 B2, US7212208B2�o��HBahram Khozai��M�Q�v�HBahram Khozai�M�Q�ޥ� (19), �D�M�Q�ޥ� (7), �Q�H�U�M�Q�ޥ� (8), ���� (10) �~���s��: ���M�Q�ӼЧ�, ���M�Q�ӼЧ��M�Q����T��, �ڬw�M�Q��System and method to present and display multiple data using enhanced box chartsUS 7212208 B2�K�n A system and method for presenting and displaying multiple data in graphical form. A universal, objective, and quantifiable measuring presentation tool provides a quick graphic display of multiple data (e.g., parameters, functions, or metrics) under study. This data could be achievement, performance, accomplishment, or any other information that needs to be quantifiably and objectively measured and displayed using a number of user-defined criteria. The display provides for easy, quantifiable and objective visually graphic comparison among various entities whose parameters are being viewed.
158. The graphical display of claim 149 wherein the graphical display graphically displays for a user selected security for a user selected time frame, at least one of a minimum, a maximum, an open or a close value for the selected security, and one or more technical analysis metrics are represented as attributes and/or sub-elements in, on, through or outside the body portion and/or at least one of the extensions; the metrics having a user selected configuration including one or more of: Moving Average, Moving Average Convergence Divergence (��MACD��), MACD Histogram, Relative Strength Index, Stochastics, Money Flow, On Balance Volume, Wilder's DMI, Volatility Index, Accumulation/Distribution Index, Price Oscillator (��PPO��), William % R, Aroon Index, Aroon Oscillator, Rate of Change, Bollinger Band Width, Bollinger Squeeze, Ultimate Oscillator, Price Relative, Volume, Oscillators, Indexes, Parabolic SAR, Standard Deviation, or Regression Curves.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates generally to the presentation and display of multi-dimensional data, including the use of enhanced box charts.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Graphs of statistical and other data have existed for a long time. One technique for displaying data includes the use of box charts. A box chart, sometimes referred to as a ��Box And Whiskers�� chart, can be used to display statistical data within a data set. Multiple box charts may also show different data sets, and have multiple grids and axes. In one case, a box chart may be used to display a minimum data point, a maximum data point, a 25th Percentile, a 50th Percentile, a 75th Percentile, and if desired, any outliers.
FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a box chart that displays data regarding a range of data samples. This box chart includes a box or body portion (sometimes referred to as ��real body��) having a longitudinal axis and lines or narrow rectangles that extend therefrom in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The lines or narrow rectangles (sometimes referred to as ��whiskers�� or ��shadows��) represent the extremes of the range of data. The ends of the box (body portion) represent two intermediate values such as the 25 and 75 percentile values. In some cases, a line is also drawn through the rectangular body perpendicular to the longitudinal axis to show the mean value. As shown, a basic box chart typically uses the length of the body, the length of the whiskers and one or more axes to display data. In some cases, for example where multiple box charts are used to represent multiple data sets, the entirety of one or more box charts may be colored to distinguish one data set from another.
One well-known box chart is the Japanese ��candlestick,�� which is used in the technical analysis of financial markets. In this application, the low, high, opening and closing prices of a certain commodity during a certain period of time are presented as a box chart. While box charts in general are known and have been used, existing known uses provided a limited amount of data in a rigid way. These and other drawbacks exist.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention provides a system and method for presenting and displaying multiple data in graphical form, including the use of enhanced box charts. The enhanced box charts provide a universal, objective, and quantifiable tool to provide a quick graphic display of multiple data (e.g., parameters, functions, metrics, variables, attributes or other data).
It is also a feature of the invention that an enhanced box chart can include interactive elements that enable a user to access further charts, data or other information. These further charts, data or other information may convey, for example, a summary or a subset of the information being displayed on the first chart, a view of a new combination of data or other levels of detail. This navigation feature enables a user to quickly and intuitively gain an understanding or ��feel�� of the meaning of the underlying data by drilling down, drilling up or drilling sideways through the data.
Every part or sub-part of the shapes, signs, symbols, partial lengths, thicknesses, colors or ��landmarks�� of the body portion, extensions or sub-elements on, inside or in the immediate vicinity of the enhanced box chart can convey some data or information about the subject matter.
To display the actual magnitude of any outliers in the enhanced box chart (in addition to using other shapes, symbols, signs, or colors) an end of the extensions can be displayed as a collapsed element e.g., a spiral, curly, zigzagged, folded, twisted, or accordion-like collapsed line (or other shape). The length of this collapsed line, in the form of these representations, is equal to the length of the outlier. In this way, the display provides an immediate physical understanding of the size/magnitude of the outlier data sample yet enables the outlier to be displayed in close proximity to the body portion or extension without unduly distorting any scales or axes. In an interactive embodiment, the display can enable a user to ��lift�� (e.g., straighten or ��un-collapse��) this collapsed line to see its actual length (optionally with a dynamic, temporary re-scaling of any relevant axes) to better see that actual value of the outlier and then cause it to collapse back when desired by the user. Normally, outliers disproportionately occupy space in graphs, unduly distort axes or out of necessity are shown in discontinuous portions of the scale. But this makes it more difficult to understand the relative value of the outlier compared to other data.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional graphical display of data.
FIGS. 9A�V9C illustrate enhanced box charts for various bell-curve shapes.
FIGS. 10A�V10B illustrate a display of adjacent enhanced box charts in a manner that facilitates a quick comparison.
FIGS. 15A�V15B illustrate a comparison between enhanced box charts and candlesticks.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Various embodiments of the invention are discussed in detail below. While specific implementations are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other components and configurations may be used without parting from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Various portions of the sides (F) of the body portions and the extensions 220 may represent data points and/or non-data pieces of information. The immediate vicinity of the enhanced box chart can provide additional data points and/or pieces of information. As shown in FIG. 2B, areas 221�V224 of body portion 210 can also be used to enhance the graphical display of data. In one embodiment, the thickness and length of lines in areas 221�V224 along the vertical sides of body portion 210 can also correspond to some user-defined attributes of the samples. For example, the thickness and length of lines in area 221, positioned along the lower left side of body portion 210, can correspond to samples up to a first value (e.g., mean value); the thickness and length of lines in area 223, positioned along the upper left side of body portion 210, can correspond to samples above the first value; the thickness and length of lines in area 222, positioned along the lower right side of body portion 210, can correspond to samples up to a second value (e.g., median value); and the thickness and length of lines in area 224, positioned along the upper right side of body portion 210, can correspond to samples above the second value. All of these lines in areas 221�V224, partial or otherwise, can be color-coded to correspond to particular characteristics of the underlying data.
In one example, the thickness of a line representing an extension (e.g., 220 a and/or 220 b) can be selected to correspond to a number of samples outside of the ��cut-off�� range of body portion 210. This cut-off range can be a user-defined (or other) percentile range of a distribution (e.g., 10% and 90%). In addition to the relative thickness of the lines representing extensions (220 a . . . 220 n), multiple lines of various lengths can also be used. These multiple lines of various lengths can correspond to various data values outside of body portion 210. Still further, extension lines within an upper extension area 230 and lower extension area 240 can be color-coded to correspond to particular characteristics of the underlying data.
In interactive media, each attribute can be enlarged and/or highlighted by activating the interactive device, such as clicking a computer mouse, which can move down or around to any single data sample or group of data samples or to the (user-defined) limit set by the ��administrator�� of the system.
As illustrated in FIG. 2D, UI 2340 may include various user-selectable and/or user-definable controls. As may be described herein, it should be understood that the term ��controls�� may broadly refer to a ��button,�� ��pull-down menu,�� ��tab,�� ��click-box,�� ��check-box,�� ��hypertext link,�� ��hot link,�� or other user-selectable portion object or navigational tool that may enable users to select, access, display, or navigate through the content displayed on UI 2340.
According to an embodiment of the invention, an array 2420 of user-selectable and/or user-definable function controls may be provided for enabling a user to, for example, create a new enhanced box chart, modify an existing enhanced box chart, save a new or revised enhanced box chart, delete an enhanced box chart, print or otherwise output an enhanced box chart, and export an enhanced box chart to one or more applications (e.g., Microsoft Word™ document, PowerPoint™ presentation, etc.). Other user-selectable or user-definable functions may of course be implemented. A pane, frame, view, window, or other display 2410 within UI 2340 may illustrate an enhanced box chart as user operations are being performed. A legend or other indicia may be included in the pane, frame, view, window, or other display 2410 or elsewhere to facilitate interpretation of the display. Additionally, text, legends or other information be displayed when a user ��points to�� (e.g., via a mouse or other pointing device) a portion of the enhanced box chart.
In the context of a graphical user interface, various display elements of enhanced box chart 300 can also function as interactive elements. For example, by selecting (or ��clicking�� on) element 320, enhanced box chart 400 of Ethnic A is displayed, wherein gender composition and other attributes of Ethnic A are displayed (see FIG. 4). In this second enhanced box chart 400, the student's grade can be similarly conveyed in this new environment using horizontal line 410. If desired, a user can drill down even further into the data. For example, by selecting the pink area (girls) of enhanced box chart 400, a further enhanced box chart of the girls' grades is displayed. The student's grade could similarly be displayed in the context of the girls-only environment. As would be appreciated, this process of drilling into the underlying data can proceed in any combination or permutation as desired by a user.
In the ��language�� of sales professionals, enhanced box chart 600 could signify that: a) the best sales person sold $750,000/year; b) the worst salesperson sold $350,000/year; c) the median (M) sales figure was $480,000; d) the mean (in red) sales figure was $550,000; e) the lower 90 percentile was $400,000; f) the high 90 percentile was $600,000; g) the 90% bell curve for the sale was fairly typical with lower and higher cutoff points at $400,000 and $600,000; h) the thickness of the upper extension relative to the lower one signifies that twice as many salespeople achieved the top sales figure than the bottom one; i) the color pink and blue signify the relative ratio of women to men salespeople; j) that the applicant (thick black line at the top of the ��bell curve��) was at the top 90 percentile with $600,000 of sales per year; and k) the width of the body portion signifies the length of time the applicant worked at the company. All this information is available at a glance, without having to resort to tables or bell curves, or long paragraphs or explanations.
In a specific field or trade, it may be more desirable to use variations of enhanced box charts. Such variations can take many forms. These alternative forms may be utilized, for example, in some scientific research. FIG. 8 illustrates an alternative presentation of an enhanced box chart. Here, the ellipse may provide additional data for more comprehension and feel by ��echoing the shape�� of the underlying distribution (e.g., bell curve).
According to an embodiment of the invention, enhanced box charts can easily represent normal distributions or bell curves, the most widely used statistical representation. Enhanced box charts can be used to represent bell curves for presentation and for visual comparison of many bell curves all in one place, and at one glance. This eliminates the awkward and sometimes impractical task of viewing many bell curves for single viewing with many additional components; or for viewing for comparison purposes to deduce both a quantitative comparison and a comparative ��feel�� of many bell curves.
FIGS. 9A�V9C illustrate enhanced box charts for three bell curves having a moderate, steep, and gentle curve, respectively. The area of the body portion of an enhanced box chart corresponds to 95% (or any user-defined value) of that under the bell curve. The upper and lower sides of the body portion of the enhanced box chart correspond to 95% and 5% (as default) of the high and low of the bell curve (or other user-defined percentages or absolute values). The upper and lower extensions represent the extremes of the lower and higher ends of the bell curve, (e.g., the range). Partial lengths of the extensions and of the sides of the body portion can provide information for either some or all aspects of a bell curve.
In an exemplary embodiment, FIG. 13 illustrates the shooting score of hypothetical Army ��Company A�� over a 15 year period. Additional attributes can be added as needed. At a glance, the progress of Company A can be seen and compared to itself, as well as to all of the Army companies whose scores are being considered. A standard deviation of ��2 above and below the enhanced box charts provides for rapid comparison.
For example, in 1996, Company A probably won a medal, whereas in 1998, even with a higher ��absolute�� score, the performance of Company A was good, but not outstanding.
In 1993, Company A's performance was much worse than in 1985, even though its absolute score was 20% higher. Its score in 1985 was relatively ��higher�� than in 1993 because it was much closer to the top SD line.
1990 was a sub-par year for Company A, yet it received the most uniform training of all the years (e.g., the ��body portion�� of the enhanced box chart is the shortest). Also, Company A may have had some very good and bad shooters in one place.
According to various embodiments, enhanced box charts can (in many ordinary applications) be more accurately and easily substituted for point charts, histograms and box charts because of the enhanced box chart's ability to add other dimensions or attributes, such as variable widths or partial lengths. FIG. 14 illustrates an example wherein enhanced box charts (replacing box charts) provide additional dimension and ��feel�� to the area under the bell curve. As would be appreciated, additional attributes can be added as needed.
Generally, a candlestick conveys high, low, open and close prices of a commodity (such as a share price) in a certain time frame. An enhanced box chart, in the same space, may convey more information, all user-defined. In the examples of FIGS. 15A (Popen<Pclose) and 15B (Popen>Pclose), the thickness of the extensions illustrated may represent volume. It may also be readily apparent to the eyes that the high price had a greater volume (by approximately 3��) than the low price. The up volume in this bar was greater than the down volume (the green area is larger than the red one). The stochastic, S, is in the overbought region. The MACD Histogram, H, is very positive. These and other technical indicators, all user-defined, can be displayed by enhanced box charts.
Enhanced box charts can also be used to indicate a sample within multiple ranges. A corollary to this ability is that a range can also be viewed within (or compared in) multiple ranges. A second corollary is the general ability of an enhanced box chart to enable a user to quickly and easily compare a sample against multiple frames of reference or multiple yardsticks. (A range being viewed as two simultaneous frames of reference.) In addition to providing precise measurements in these various frames or yardsticks or ranges, an enhanced box chart gives a ��feel�� that in many instances could be enough to form an opinion or make a decision. An example of an enhanced box chart and multiple ranges is provided by FIG. 16.
Outliers. In conventional displays, outliers are often ��cut-off�� in some manner because they disproportionately occupy space in graphs. The process of ��cutting-off�� the data prevents a user from gaining any physical understanding of the relative value of the outlier compared to other regular data. According to an embodiment of the invention, enhanced box charts overcome this drawback by depicting outliers in a presentation as a spiral, curl, or other configuration. FIG. 17 illustrates enhanced box chart 1700 having spirals 1710 and 1720. The relative position of outlier spiral 1710, 1720 on enhanced box chart 1700 indicates where the outlier occurred. The partial, color-coded thickness(es) of the spiral is a measure of outlier samples. In an interactive medium, a pointer controlled by a device (e.g., a mouse) may ��uncurl�� a spiral to get a better visual sense of the outlier, and then allow it to resume its curled configuration after the observation is complete.
In other embodiments, an outlier may be represented by curly, zigzagged, folded, twisted, or accordion-like collapsed lines. The length of these collapsed lines can correspond to the value of the outlier. This enables a user to get an immediate physical understanding of the size, magnitude, etc. of the outlier data sample. In an interactive embodiment, a collapsed line may be ��lifted�� to enhance viewing, and then returned to its original configuration after the observation is cpeslete.
Enhanced box charts may also be used in fractal representation. According to an embodiment, one feature of an enhanced box chart is its ability to represent any user-defined fractal enhanced box chart down to a single data sample. For example, if n=number of attributes, then in a histogram, n=1. In a box chart, n=5. In an enhanced box chart, n may be user-defined. As n��∝, it may become more desirable (or practical) to segment some parts whereby, by clicking (or hovering) on that segment, a new enhanced box chart is displayed. This process can proceed in a fractal manner in any user-defined combination or permutation. Similarly, by clicking (or hovering) on any attribute in an enhanced box chart, a new user-defined enhanced box chart about that attribute can be displayed. Again, this process may proceed in any combination or permutation defined by a user.
According to an embodiment of the invention, interactive elements in an enhanced box chart may enable users to access further charts. These further charts may convey a subset of the information being displayed on the first chart, or a view of a new combination of data. This navigation feature may enable users to quickly and intuitively gain an understanding or ��feel�� of the meaning of the underlying data by drilling down, drilling up or drilling sideways through the data.
In operation, an ��administrator�� assigns a ��n�� to any pre-defined user or user-group (much as leveled security clearances are given to various people in an organization to access data). By way of example, in a university setting, the enhanced box chart may represent student grade data. The president and her ��cleared�� staff have access to n, unlimited and in any defined combination or permutation. The dean has access to his own college, in any defined combination or permutation. The department chairs, teachers, students, parents, or public can have access in their area only in combinations and permutations allowed by the administrator in this fractal representation. Likewise, financial data in a public company can be ��fractalized�� in various user-defined enhanced box charts and people from the CEO down to shareholders and public have each an assigned, particular ��n�� with defined combination or permutation of that ��n��.
Fractal enhanced box charts can move in all directions, including skipping or jumping over several levels. ��n�� can move in both directions: a histogram can fractally expand to a complete enhanced box chart, and a complete enhanced box chart can collapse into a histogram in a fractal manner through any user-defined combination or permutation.
A further example is provided in FIG. 18, which illustrates a portfolio for a company (for convenience referred to as Company A). The portfolio includes Stocks, Cash, and Bonds in $B for a selected time frame (e.g., decade, year, month, week, day, hour, x-minutes, or other user-defined time frame). This enhanced box chart shows Min, Open, Close, Max of the portfolio value. It also shows the mean value (Po+Pc)/2 as horizontal line 1810. Enhanced box chart 1800 also shows the relative performance of the portfolio vs. S&P500 (at right) and 10-year Treasury Bond (left). The thicknesses of the extensions indicate the number of days (or user-defined time period) that the portfolio was above or below the open and close values. Other attributes can be added as needed. By clicking on the pink section (Bonds) the enhanced box chart performance of the Bonds ��sub-portfolio�� can be displayed. This fractalization can proceed up to every single bond in Company A's portfolio in any combination or permutation defined by a user. People would be assigned various n's, indicating the level of combination/permutation of data that they are authorized to access. If Company A's portfolio lost money during the enhanced box chart period, the extension lines may be shown in Red.
Company A's portfolio performance can be visually compared for any time frame using the methodology outlined in FIG. 19. FIG. 19 illustrates Company A's performance compared against the national GDP over 15 years. Additional attributes can be added as needed. The blue line is the average GDP with ��2SD.
According to an embodiment, each data field (2001�V2023) shown in FIG. 20 may enable a user to either input (type) words or numbers, choose words from a pull-down list, or import them from another application.
In Attribute box 2001, a user may choose a form by which he wants a particular parameter to be displayed. For example, a user may choose lines, the order in which they are displayed, the length and thickness of a segment of the ��lead�� line (other similar parameters will be segmented or sized relative to that), and position placement (horizontal or vertical), etc.
A user may also choose boxes, the order in which they are displayed, the size and shape of the lead (master) box (other similar parameters will be segmented or sized relative to that), and position placement, etc. According to an embodiment, a ��NEW�� option may be provided in the Attribute pull-down list. By choosing that option, a user can input new or additional Attributes not provided. For example, a user may desire to show a certain parameter by a octagon, or a shape not provided. A user may also desire to introduce a zigzag line, curly line, or line not provided.
In Color box 2002, a user may ��pull-down�� a list that enables him to choose a color palette or an advanced color ��wheel.�� An AUTO option may also enable a user to choose from several pre-defined color arrangements and/or a ��mix-and-match�� feature where colors may be automatically chosen.
In Gender box 2006 the gender is inputted or otherwise selected from the pull-down list. A ��lead�� Gender box is selected by highlighting it in Attribute box 2001 and choosing the color from Color box 2002. An AUTO option in the list automatically matches the gender with the student name, Jane Doe, above. It should be noted that gender can be user-defined and can be represented by, for a horizontal or vertical bar.
Further, in this application, a user may either input or choose from a drop-down list from the different Logos on the enhanced box chart. In one embodiment, the interface can also include Partial (Sub-Logo) boxes (not shown). Here, a user may input or choose from a drop-down list, the sub-organization under that particular Sub-Logo. In one example, the ��Red Cross�� and ��T�� of FIG. 20 could represent two possible Sub-Logos. In one embodiment, the interface could also include an Advance box where a user can enter or define new or additional Logos or change existing Logos.
In Overall, Gender and Ethnic, a user may choose the mean either by inputting the desired period (e.g., Jan. 2, 1999�VNov. 6, 1999), or by choosing it from pre-defined means. If a user desires more specific manipulation for his measurement, such as evaluating a student (e.g., Jane Doe) within multiple ranges, he may choose the Advance option. Here, the user may be provided with an expanded choice where he can input and/or choose (from various pull-down lists) additional criteria in calculating the mean. This additional criteria may, for instance, comprise family income level, neighborhood, bus route, etc. Here, the neighborhood additional criteria would enable the neighborhood to be inputted, or chosen from a pull-down list. An AUTO option may be provided on top of the pull-down list such that the Neighborhood is automatically chosen from the student's address in the database.
According to an embodiment, overlay box 2022 may comprise a drop-down list that enables a user to overlay a complete or partial enhanced box chart over another enhanced box chart, either transparently or translucently. First, a user may select the Transparent or Translucent option. From each of these options, a user may be led to a drop-down list that sets forth a number of pre-defined configurations (e.g., overlaying gender composition over ethnic, overlaying neighborhood composition over income level, etc). There is also an Advance option that enables a user to customize the Overlay. This option may further enable a user to overlay more than two (partial) enhanced box charts over another enhanced box chart. The Advance feature may also include an option that enables two or more dissimilar enhanced box charts to be overlaid for comparative purposes by ��normalizing�� them.
Normalization may include converting them temporarily or permanently to a set of ��common�� features. For example, consider two enhanced box charts, one to be laid over another. K1 has weighted average as its upper and lower sides of the body portion, while K2 has percentile. K1 may be converted to percentile; or both may be converted to a Bell Curve. Enhanced box chart scales can also be normalized (made uniform) for comparative purposes. For example, if K1 shows 10 points by 1 cm. while another (K2) shows 15 points by 2 cm., both may be normalized to a single scale. These normalizations may be performed manually or automatically.
According to an embodiment of the invention, each of the boxes (2001�V2023) illustrated in FIG. 20 may include a common Close option in their drop-down lists. If a user wishes to maximize space in a particular view (display), he or she may close one or more boxes that may be unused during a session by selecting the Close option in the appropriate box. After a particular box has been closed, a down arrow may appear in Blank box 2024. Selecting (e.g., ��clicking-on��) this down arrow may provide a drop-down list of all closed Boxes. Selecting any closed box in the drop-down list may result in that particular box being re-opened in the display. An ALL option may be provided at the end of the drop-down to enable a user to open all of the closed boxes at the same time.
As described above, data can be imported. Thus, according to one embodiment, boxes 2001�V2023 may, in their drop-down or sub-drop-down lists, include an import option for importing data from other applications.
For illustrative purposes, one example of a drop-down list and its progression is now provided with reference to FIG. 20 and grade-related data. If a grade is not entered manually, selecting (e.g., ��clicking��) the arrow in Grade box 2004 may list various options including, for instance, Pre-School (PS), Lower School (LS), Middle School (MS), High School (HS), Import and Close. Clicking on the arrow in the MS box, for example, may result in a list of options including 6, 7, 8, and Import. Selecting the arrow in the 7 box may then result in a list of options including 7-1, 7-2, and 7-3, which may respectively represent the three sections (classes) of the 7th Grade. Other variations are of course possible.
The quarterly performance enhanced box chart may comprise the main presentation. Various parts of the portfolio (stocks, bonds, etc.) may be presented inside the body portion, which represents the opening and closing price of the Portfolio (in $B). The average (mean) value of the portfolio (Pc+Po)/2 is shown by ��A��.
In this example, the range of the portfolio in the quarter is presented as the ��up�� and ��down�� extensions. The relative thickness of the two extensions indicates the amount of time the portfolio was in that space (e.g., between close and high, and between open and low). The Black color of the extensions indicate that the portfolio ended in the black (i.e., its value increased).
EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE EXAMPLE In yet another example of an enhanced box chart's range of applications, consider the area of employee performance. Every aspect of an employee's performance, no matter how ��unconventional,�� can be displayed by an enhanced box chart. Sophisticated human resources (HR) software such as PeopleSoft™ can export all of their data into enhanced box chart readers and/or integrate customized enhanced box chart readers into their software.
By way of example, FIG. 22 illustrates an enhanced box chart that displays a measure of employees' trips to the bathroom (monthly). As illustrated, all sorts of productivity metrics can be added to the enhanced box chart. The body portion has five subset age groups: 20�V30 (orange), 30�V40 (peach), 40�V50 (light blue), 50�V60 (green), and 60+ (dark blue).
The normal range is between 45�V100. Three outliers (due to medical conditions) have trips up to 250/month. Two of these are in 30�V40 (the first leg of the outlier) and One in 60+. Each of these lines is relatively thickened. The rest of the upper and lower extensions in green signify that these are within the normal range acceptable in medicine. The height of the body portion is set to 90 percentile of the employee population. The average (mean) trips of Employees is shown using the ��A.�� The employee's (e.g., John Doe's) score is shown in his age group color. Instead of showing the means of each age group on the body portion, the HR department has decided to show it on a relative scale on the lower right side of the body portion, with outliers ignored. The scale on the right, again, shows the range of the trips (45�V100), but in different scale from the left side. Each age group is shown in its assigned color.
Horizontally, a simple salary enhanced box chart of the company is shown on the upper part of the 60+ subset. The range is scaled, with the employee's salary shown in his age group color. Horizontally, on the upper part of the 50�V60 subset, the medical cost of each age group is shown, with the employee cost shown in his age group color. Horizontally, at the bottom of the 20�V30 subset the number of employees is shown, with male and female represented, relatively, by green and pink. The relative position on the male bar signifies that John Doe is a fairly recent hire.
The ��L�� location logo and ��D�� department logo signify the location and department involved. From any place that compares John Doe's place with other metrics, clicking on it would lead to his name/picture and from there his personnel file can be obtained. Further investigation can proceed from that point.
Multiple Body Portions. According to another aspect of the invention, an enhanced box chart may have more than one body portion. By way of example, and with reference to FIG. 23, an enhanced box chart is shown for representing intra-day stock price. The width of an Enhanced Box Chart (substituting for a candlestick) represents a unit of time. The example of FIG. 23 shows a daily Enhanced Box Chart with a rectangular discontinuity, thus creating two body portions. This discontinuity signifies the time period, including its beginning and ending, for example, when the trading of the stock was halted for ��news pending.�� Such a halt may be mandated by a stock exchange when an important news or a major development about a stock is to be imminently announced. All such halts for any unit of time can be directly and conveniently displayed by the Enhanced Box Chart. In general, such discontinuity would be a user-defined indication that sample collection for that duration was interrupted. Many other uses of multiple body portions exist.
General Information. It is further within the scope of the invention to provide an objective graphical display of a measurement on a continuing or real-time basis. The invention can be applied to any time frame. The invention can also provide simple, visual graphical presentation of parameters or functions whose variable (or x-axis) is not time but user-defined. This provides a quick ��feeling�� of various data being displayed and their relationship, both in relative and absolute terms.
Various advantages of the invention can be realized and include the establishment of, among other things, a universal method of measuring and comparing that is objective, quantifiable, simple, graphically visual, applicable in all time frames, applicable across all disciplines, applicable to non-temporal variables, scientifically rigorous, robust, and provides a wide array of (user-defined) data and criteria. Information viewed in the form of this simple graphic visualization are easily comprehensible by people with average education. Conclusions can be made quickly from this graphical observation that are objective and more comprehensible than other presently available graphically visual measuring tools. In addition to being a stand-alone, quantitative display method, the invention can be used as an adjunct to qualitative methods in use today. It can either confirm the qualitative observation and measurement; or, otherwise, its divergence may show some hitherto undiscovered ��anomaly�� in the qualitative measuring methodology or results which may prompt further investigation.
Additionally, and importantly, the invention can provide a quick ��feel�� for the data which can be the effect of all of the cumulative data and their relations and correlations as graphically displayed. In interactive media, such as computers or interactive TV's, the invention can enlarge or otherwise show details of any of its attributes such that, in a fractal manner, it can move down to show every single data sample. As the areas of human endeavors that display their data continue to specialize and sub-specialize in, by, through or as enhanced box charts grow and reach specialized and sub-specialized fields, additional attributes can be added or specified as required or needed by the specifics of those fields. Efficiency and productivity gains can be realized.
As thus described, the principles of the invention provide a graphical display and presentation of multiple data that is universal in nature and covers all fields of human knowledge or activity. As such, examples of use are too numerous to even attempt to list them. In addition to its general attributes, every specialty or subspecialty can ��custom make�� or customize the display to the needs of that particular field or particular workers in that field.
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