Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9480018B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-26 14:39:19
Document Index: 713325637

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 10', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 201080046573', 'Application No. 201080046510', 'Application No. 201080046573', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'Application No. 2012', 'Application No. 2012', 'Application No. 2012', 'Application No. 201080047912', 'Application No. 201080046510', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 201080046573', 'Application No. 201080047912', 'Application No. 201080047912']

US9480018B2 - Phy data unit format for MIMO - Google Patents
Phy data unit format for MIMO Download PDF
US9480018B2
US9480018B2 US12/938,260 US93826010A US9480018B2 US 9480018 B2 US9480018 B2 US 9480018B2 US 93826010 A US93826010 A US 93826010A US 9480018 B2 US9480018 B2 US 9480018B2
US12/938,260
US20110103280A1 (en
2009-11-03 Priority to US25776809P priority Critical
2010-06-11 Priority to US35401310P priority
2010-11-02 Priority to US12/938,260 priority patent/US9480018B2/en
2010-11-11 Assigned to MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD. reassignment MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD. LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.
2010-11-11 Assigned to MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD. reassignment MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD.
2010-11-11 Assigned to MARVELL SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. reassignment MARVELL SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LIU, YONG, ZHANG, HONGYUAN
2011-05-05 Publication of US20110103280A1 publication Critical patent/US20110103280A1/en
2016-09-14 Assigned to MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD. reassignment MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD.
2016-09-14 Assigned to MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD. reassignment MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD. LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARVELL WORLD TRADE LTD.
2016-09-14 Assigned to MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD. reassignment MARVELL INTERNATIONAL LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARVELL SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
2016-09-14 Assigned to MARVELL SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. reassignment MARVELL SEMICONDUCTOR, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YU, MAO, BANERJEA, RAJA
2016-10-25 Publication of US9480018B2 publication Critical patent/US9480018B2/en
In an embodiment, a client station 25-1 includes a host processor 26 coupled to a network interface 27. The network interface 27 includes a MAC unit 28 and a PHY unit 29. The PHY unit 29 includes NR1 transceivers 30, and the NR1 transceivers 30 are coupled to NR1 antennas 34. Although three transceivers 30 and three antennas 34 are illustrated in FIG. 1 (i.e., NR1=3), the client station 25-1 can include different numbers of transceivers 30 and antennas 34 (e.g., NR1=1, 2, 4, 5, etc.) in other embodiments. The client station 25-2 has a structure that is the same as or generally similar to the client station 25-1. In an embodiment, the client station 25-2 is structured like the client station 25-1 but has only two transceivers and two antennas (i.e., NR2=2). In other embodiments, the client station 25-2 includes different numbers of antennas (e.g., 1, 3, 4, 5, etc.).
Further, in an embodiment, the data unit 70 has a VHT portion that includes a VHT signaling field VHT-SIGA 76, VHT training fields 78 (that includes, for example, a VHT-STF and/or VHT-LTF), a VHT signaling field VHT-SIGB 80, a service field 82, a VHT-AMPDU 84, a PHY pad 86, and a tail portion 88. Using spatial multiplexing or another suitable technique, the fields 82-88 with receiver-specific information are transmitted in parallel to several receivers. In another embodiment, the VHT-SIGB 80 also carries client-specific information, and accordingly is spatially multiplexed. For example, the VHT-SIGA 76 includes information common to all client stations (e.g., assignment of space-time streams) and the VHT-SIGB 80 includes information specific to a client station (e.g., modulation and coding rate).
Each of the AID subfields 104 includes an AID of one of the client stations 25 that the AP 14 has assigned to the MU group identified by the group ID subfield 162. Each one of the client stations 25 is configured to receive the entire group definition field 100 and, after detecting its own AID within one of the AID subfields 104, determine that the particular client station 25 is a member of the MU group identified by the group ID subfield 102. Each client station 25 further determines, based on the placement of its own AID relative to the AIDs of the other client stations 25 in the AID subfields 104, the order in which the indication of its own number of spatial streams is transmitted in a stream indication field, briefly mentioned above and discussed in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4A-C, relative to the indications for the other client stations 25. In the event that the group definition field 100 does not include the AID of a particular client station 25, that client station 25 determines that it is not a member of the MU group identified by the group ID subfield 102 and, for example, monitors subsequent group definition fields within the same or a different sounding frame until the client station 25 determines an MU group to which it belongs, in an embodiment. Example techniques for indicating spatial or space-time streams in a communication systems, as well related techniques, are disclosed in a co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/910,608, entitled “Number of Stream Indication for WLAN” and filed on Oct. 22, 2010, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
Referring to FIG. 4A, a network device that transmits a communication frame to an MU group having two or more client stations uses a stream indication field 110, according to an embodiment. In the example scenario to which FIG. 4A corresponds, the stream indication field 110 includes an MU indication subfield 112 set to “MU” to indicate that at least a portion of the communication frame including the stream indication field 110 is being sent in an MU mode. In an embodiment, the MU indication subfield 112 is one bit long. The stream indication field 110 further includes a GID subfield 114 to specify an MU group and several number of spatial or space-time streams subfields 116 to indicate which spatial or space-time streams have been allocated to particular client stations associated with the specified MU group. According to some embodiments, a certain pre-defined value in the GID subfield 114 indicates that the communication frame is being sent in an SU mode. In some of these embodiments, the stream indication field 110 does not include the MU indication subfield 112, or the bits of the MU indication subfield 112 are used to convey other information. In an embodiment, a receiver of the stream indication field 110 determines which of the subfields 116 pertains to the receiver based on a group definition field received previously in a management frame. For example, a receiver with an AID A receives a group definition field that specifies an MU group G and lists the AID A in the second position with a corresponding set of AID subfields (e.g., as the subfield 104-2 according to the format of FIG. 3). In response to receiving the stream indication field 110 in which the MU indication subfield 112 is set to “MU” and the GID subfield 114 is set to G, the receiver checks the subfield 116-2 to determine which spatial streams or space-time streams have been allocated to this receiver. A more detailed discussion of these techniques is included in the Ser. No. 12/910,608 application.
Referring to FIG. 5A, a known RTS frame 150 is used to reserve a TxOP in some communication systems. The RTS frame 150 includes a frame control field 152, a duration field 154, a receiver address 156, a transmitter address 158, and an FCS 160. As indicate above with reference to FIG. 2A, a network device allocates a TxOP for transmission of one or more communication frames to one or more receiving devices. In an embodiment, the known RTS frame 150 conforms to the format defined by the legacy 802.11 protocols.
To enable network devices to operate more efficiently (e.g., save power and/or other resources), an RTS frame 170 in an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5B of the present disclosure includes an exclusive use indicator 172 to indicate whether the NAV (network allocation vector) period (such as a TxOP) to which the RTS frame 170 pertains is being reserved exclusively for transmitting information to a device identified in the receiver address field 178 or, in another scenario, to a group identified in the PHY preamble using a stream indication field discussed above, for example. In an embodiment, the duration of the NAV period associated with the exclusive use indicator 172 is indicated in a duration field 176. Further, in an embodiment, the exclusive use indicator 172 is implemented as a single-bit flag included in an FCS frame control field 174. In other embodiments, however, the exclusive use indicator 172 is included in another suitable location within a PHY preamble, a PHY header, a MAC header, etc., for example.
Now referring to FIG. 6, in another embodiment, an RTS that conforms to the known format illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B is “wrapped” in a control wrapper frame 190 that includes an exclusive use indicator. In an embodiment, the control wrapper frame 190 includes a PHY preamble and header portion 192, a frame control field 194, a duration field 196, an address field 198, a carried frame control field 200, an HT/VHT control field 202, and carried frame portion 204 to contain the RTS, and the FCS 206. In various embodiments, an exclusive use indicator is included in one or more of the fields 192, 194, 200, or 202. For example, an exclusive use indicator implemented as a one-bit flag is included in the VHT control field in the MAC header, in an embodiment. Further, the VHT control field of the control wrapper frame 190 in certain embodiments also includes an indicator of an MU group for which the TxOP associated with the “wrapped” RTS is being reserved. Similar to the embodiments discussed above, the control wrapper frame 190 can be used to allocate a TxOP for an exclusive use by one or several preceding devices, thereby allowing other devices to efficiently and accurately implement receive filtering.
In another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9D, a VHT-SIG portion 340 of a PHY preamble includes a scrambler seed 342 and CRC bits 344 to verify the correctness of the VHT-SIG portion 340, including the scrambler seed 342. According to this embodiment, the correctness of the CRC can be detected relatively early and, when an error is detected, a receiving device need not process the rest of the communication frame. Further, in some embodiments, the CRC bits 344 also are used to check the correctness of other fields or subfields that precede the VHT-SIG portion 340.
In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 10A, a PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU) header 350 is generated and included in a communication frame 354 following a service field 352 and before the first AMPDU subframe in the communication frame 354. An example format of the PSDU header 350 is depicted in FIG. 10B. In an embodiment, the PSDU header 350 includes a length field 360, a NAV duration field 362, an identifier field 364 (e.g., BSSID, GID, AID, MAC Address, etc. relating to a destination device or a destination group), an exclusive use indication 366, a MAC header 368, and a CRC field 370. In other embodiments, however, a PSDU header includes only some of the fields of the PSDU header 350.
1. A method for generating a data unit for transmission via a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) communication channel, the method comprising:
generating, at a communication device, a plurality of training sequences to be included in a preamble of the data unit;
when the data unit is to be transmitted in a single user mode in which the data unit is intended for a single receiver,
generating, at the communication device, a first field of the preamble to include an indicator that the data unit is being transmitted in the single user mode,
generating, at the communication device, a second field of the preamble to include bits of an identifier of the single receiver, and
generating, at the communication device, a third field of the preamble to include one or more bits set to a value that indicates a number of spatial or space time streams corresponding to the data unit;
when the data unit is being transmitted in a multi-user mode in which the data unit is intended for multiple receivers,
generating, at the communication device, the first field of the preamble to include an indicator that the data unit is being transmitted in the multi-user mode, and
generating, at the communication device, the second field of the preamble to include one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams, wherein the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to transmission of the data unit to one or more receivers among the multiple receivers, and wherein bits used in the multi-user mode for the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to at least some of bits used in the single user mode for the identifier of the single receiver, and
generating, at the communication device, the third field of the preamble to include the one or more bits set to a value that indicates a number of spatial or space time streams corresponding to a first receiver among the multiple receivers;
generating, at the communication device, the preamble; and
generating, at the communication device, the data unit to include the preamble.
the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to transmission of the data unit to one or more second receivers among the multiple receivers, wherein the one or more second receivers among the multiple receivers correspond to one or more receivers, among the multiple receivers, other than the first receiver among the multiple receivers.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the second field of the preamble to include bits of the identifier of the single receiver comprises generating the second field of the preamble to include only a subset of bits of the identifier of the single receiver.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the second field of the preamble to include bits of the identifier of the single receiver comprises generating the second field of the preamble to include bits of an association identifier (AID) of the single receiver.
a physical layer (PHY) processing device having one or more integrated circuits configured to:
generate a plurality of training sequences to be included in a preamble of a data unit to be transmitted via a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) communication channel,
generate a first field of the preamble to include an indicator that the data unit is being transmitted in the single user mode,
generate a second field of the preamble to include bits of an identifier of the single receiver, and
generate a third field of the preamble to include one or more bits set to a value that indicates a number of spatial or space time streams corresponding to the data unit;
generate the first field of the preamble to include an indicator that the data unit is being transmitted in the multi-user mode,
generate the second field of the preamble to include one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams, wherein the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to transmission of the data unit to one or more receivers among the multiple receivers, and wherein bits used in the multi-user mode for the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to at least some of bits used in the single user mode for the identifier of the single receiver, and
generate the third field of the preamble to include the one or more bits set to a value that indicates a number of spatial or space time streams corresponding to a first receiver among the multiple receivers; and
wherein the one or more integrated circuits are further configured to:
generate the preamble, and
generate the data unit to include the preamble.
the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to transmission of the data unit to one or more second receivers among the multiple receivers, wherein the one or more second receivers among the multiple receivers correspond to one or more receiver, among the multiple receivers, other than the first receiver among the multiple receivers.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the one or more integrated circuits are configured to generate the second field of the preamble to include only a subset of bits of the identifier of the single receiver when the data unit is to be transmitted in the single user mode.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the one or more integrated circuits are configured to generate the second field of the preamble to include bits of an association identifier (AID) of the single receiver when the data unit is to be transmitted in the single user mode.
9. A method for processing a data unit received via a multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) communication channel, the method comprising:
processing, at a communication device, a first field of a preamble of a data unit to determine whether the data unit was transmitted in i) a single user mode in which the data unit is intended for a single receiver or ii) a multi-user mode in which the data unit is intended for multiple receivers;
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode,
processing, at the communication device, a second field of the preamble that includes bits of an identifier of the single intended receiver to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device,
processing, at the communication device, a third field of the preamble to determine a number of spatial or space time streams for the data unit, wherein the number of spatial or space time streams for the data unit is determined based on a value of one or more bits included in the third field of the preamble, and
in response to determining that the data unit is not intended for the communication device, stopping processing of the data unit; and
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the multi-user mode,
processing, at the communication device, the first field of the preamble to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device, and
processing, at the communication device, the second field of the preamble to determine a set of training signals in the preamble corresponding to transmission of the data unit to the communication device, wherein the second field of the preamble is received at the communication device prior to receiving the set of training signals,
wherein bits of the second field processed in the multi-user mode to determine the set of training signals correspond to bits of the second field processed in the single user mode for the identifier of the single intended receiver.
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode, processing the second field of the preamble to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device includes interpreting the second field of the preamble as including only a subset of bits of the identifier of the single intended receiver.
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode, processing the second field of the preamble to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device includes interpreting the second field of the preamble as including bits of an association identifier (AID) of the single intended receiver.
process a first field of a preamble of a data unit to determine whether the data unit was transmitted in i) a single user mode in which the data unit is intended for a single receiver or ii) a multi-user mode in which the data unit is intended for multiple receivers,
process a second field of the preamble that includes bits of an identifier of the single intended receiver to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device,
process a third field of the preamble to determine a number of spatial or space time streams for the data unit, wherein the number of spatial or space time streams for the data unit is determined based on a value of one or more bits included in the third field of the preamble, and
in response to determining that the data unit is not intended for the communication device, stop processing of the data unit,
process the first field of the preamble to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device, and
process the second field of the preamble to determine a set of training signals in the preamble corresponding to transmission of the data unit to the communication device, wherein the second field precedes the set of training signals in the preamble,
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more integrated circuits are further configured to:
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode, interpret the second field of the preamble as including only a subset of bits of the identifier of the single intended receiver.
14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more integrated circuits are further configured to:
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode, interpret the second field of the preamble as including bits of an association identifier (AID) of the single intended receiver.
15. A tangible, non-transitory computer readable medium, or media, storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a communication device, cause the one or more processors to:
control the communication device to generate a plurality of training sequences to be included in a preamble of the data unit;
when the data unit is to be transmitted by the communication device in a single user mode in which the data unit is intended for a single receiver,
control the communication device to generate a first field of the preamble to include an indicator that the data unit is being transmitted in the single user mode,
control the communication device to generate a second field of the preamble to include bits of an identifier of the single receiver, and
control the communication device to generate a third field of the preamble to include one or more bits set to a value that indicates a number of spatial or space time streams corresponding to the data unit;
when the data unit is to be transmitted by the communication device in a multi-user mode in which the data unit is intended for multiple receivers,
control the communication device to generate the first field of the preamble to include an indicator that the data unit is being transmitted in the multi-user mode, and
control the communication device to generate the second field of the preamble to include one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams, wherein the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to transmission of the data unit to one or more receivers among the multiple receivers, and wherein bits used in the multi-user mode for the one or more indications of one or more numbers of spatial or space time streams correspond to at least some of bits used in the single user mode for the identifier of the single receiver, and
control the communication device to generate the third field of the preamble to include the one or more bits set to a value that indicates a number of spatial or space time streams corresponding to a first receiver among the multiple receivers;
control the communication device to generate the preamble; and
control the communication device to generate the data unit to include the preamble.
16. The computer readable medium, or media, of claim 15, wherein:
17. The computer readable medium, or media, of claim 15, wherein the second field of the preamble includes only a subset of bits of the identifier of the single receiver.
18. The computer readable medium, or media, of claim 15, wherein the computer readable medium, or media, further stores instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to generate the second field of the preamble to include bits of an association identifier (AID) of the single receiver.
19. A tangible, non-transitory computer readable medium, or media, storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a communication device, cause the one or more processors to:
control the communication device to process a first field of a preamble of a data unit to determine whether the data unit was transmitted in i) a single user mode in which the data unit is intended for a single receiver or ii) a multi-user mode in which the data unit is intended for multiple receivers;
control the communication device to process a second field of the preamble that includes bits of an identifier of the single intended receiver to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device,
control the communication device to process a third field of the preamble to determine a number of spatial or space time streams for the data unit, wherein the number of spatial or space time streams for the data unit is determined based on a value of one or more bits included in the third field of the preamble, and
in response to determining that the data unit is not intended for the communication device, control the communication device to process to stop processing of the data unit; and
control the communication device to process the first field of the preamble to determine whether the data unit is intended for the communication device, and
control the communication device to process the second field of the preamble to determine a set of training signals in the preamble corresponding to transmission of the data unit to the communication device, wherein the second field of the preamble is received at the communication device prior to receiving the set of training signals,
20. The computer readable medium, or media, of claim 19, wherein the computer readable medium, or media, further stores instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode, control the communication device to interpret the second field of the preamble as including only a subset of bits of the identifier of the single intended receiver.
21. The computer readable medium, or media, of claim 19, wherein the computer readable medium, or media, further stores instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to:
when it is determined that the data unit was transmitted in the single user mode, control the communication device to interpret the second field of the preamble as including bits of an association identifier (AID) of the single intended receiver.
US12/938,260 2009-11-03 2010-11-02 Phy data unit format for MIMO Active US9480018B2 (en)
US25776809P true 2009-11-03 2009-11-03
US35401310P true 2010-06-11 2010-06-11
US12/938,260 US9480018B2 (en) 2009-11-03 2010-11-02 Phy data unit format for MIMO
US15/332,662 US20170041889A1 (en) 2009-11-03 2016-10-24 Power saving in a communication device
US15/332,662 Continuation US20170041889A1 (en) 2009-11-03 2016-10-24 Power saving in a communication device
US20110103280A1 US20110103280A1 (en) 2011-05-05
US9480018B2 true US9480018B2 (en) 2016-10-25
US12/938,260 Active US9480018B2 (en) 2009-11-03 2010-11-02 Phy data unit format for MIMO
US15/332,662 Abandoned US20170041889A1 (en) 2009-11-03 2016-10-24 Power saving in a communication device
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2010-11-02 KR KR1020127009312A patent/KR101679007B1/en active IP Right Grant
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2010-11-02 CN CN201080047912.4A patent/CN102598803B/en active IP Right Grant
2010-11-02 EP EP10778776.4A patent/EP2497304B1/en active Active
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