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Changes in The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor from December 5, 2014 to October 17, 2016 - EveryCRSReport.com
Changes from December 5, 2014 to October 17, 2016
December 5, 2014October 17, 2016 (RL30725)
the rules of the House for the new Congress;
adoption of various administrative resolutions and unanimous consent agreements; and announcement of the Speaker's policies on certain floor practices.
This report will be updated after the convening of the 114115th Congress. For an explanation of proceedings occurring on the first day in the Senate, see the companion report: CRS Report RS20722, The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the Senate Floor, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed].
The 113th Congress convened January 3, 2013. In recent years, however, (A decision on convening the 115th Congress is expected during the "lame-duck" meeting of the 114th Congress.) In recent years, it has been the exception rather than the rule for a new Congress to begin on January 3. Eight of the past 1011 Congresses began on a date other than January 3—
:104th Congress (January 4, 1995),
The candidates for Speaker are nominated from the floor by the leaders of their respective parties. Traditionally, there is one candidate from the majority party and one from the minority party, selected by the Republican Conference and the Democratic Caucus at their early organizational meetings.11 Individual Members-elect may place other names in nomination. Debate on the nomination of candidates for Speaker is allowed but not customary.12 Instead, the nominations are followed immediately by a viva voce roll-call vote, that is, a vote in which the Members-elect respond orally to the calling of their names. In this vote, the Members-elect call out the last name of their choice for Speaker when their names are called by a reading clerk. The Clerk appoints Members-elect to serve as majority and minority tellers, usually two each, to ascertain the vote.13 The majority party is able to assure the election of its candidate because the vote is So long as nearly all of the majority party's members vote for its candidate, the majority party is able to assure its candidate's election because the vote is likely to be almost exclusively along party lines.14 The candidates themselves, however, often vote "present" or do not vote.15
The following excerpt is from the proceedings for the election of the Speaker in the 113114th Congress.16
The CLERK. Pursuant to law and precedent, the next order of business is the election of the Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 113114th Congress. Nominations are now in order.
Mrs. McMORRIS ROGERS. ... So it is with great optimism and hope for the great work that we can accomplish together thatMCMORRIS RODGERS. ... Madam Clerk, as chair of the Republican Conference—on a and by unanimous vote of thethat conference—, I present for election to the Officeoffice of the Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 113114th Congress the name of the Honorable JOHN A. BOEHNER....
Mr. BECERRA. ... I am tasked, have been empowered [as chairman of the Democratic Caucus, through the vote of that caucus, to present for election to the Office of ] ... to put the name of the gentlewoman from San Francisco ... forward for the office of the Speaker of the House of Representatives tofor the 113th Congress the name of the Right Honorable NANCY PELOSI, a Representative for the people, duly elected from the State of California.
114th Congress. I, therefore ... put before you the name of NANCY PELOSI to serve as the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
The CLERK. The tellers agree in their tallies that the total number of votes cast is 426408, of which the Honorable JOHN A. BOEHNER of the State of Ohio has received 220 votes, and216, the Honorable NANCY PELOSI of the State of California has received 192 votes, the Honorable RAÚL LABRADOR of the State of Idaho has received 1, the Honorable JOHN LEWIS of the State of Georgia has received 1, the Honorable ERIC CANTOR of the State of Virginia has received 3, the Honorable ALLEN WEST has received 2, Colin Powell has received 1, the Honorable JIM JORDAN of the State of Ohio has received 1, David Walker has received 1, the Honorable JIM COOPER of the State of Tennessee has received 2, the Honorable JUSTIN AMASH of the State of Michigan has received 1, the Honorable JOHN DINGELL of the State of Michigan164, the Honorable DANIEL WEBSTER of the State of Florida has received 12, the Honorable LOUIE GOHMERT of the States of Texas has received 3, the Honorable TED S. YOHO of the State of Florida has received 2, the Honorable JIM JORDAN of the State of Ohio has received 2, the Honorable JIM COOPER of the State of Tennessee has received 1, the Honorable PETER A. DEFAZIO of the State of Oregon has received 1, the Honorable JEFF DUNCAN of the State of South Carolina has received 1, the Honorable TREY GOWDY of the State of South Carolina has received 1, the Honorable JOHN LEWIS of the State of Georgia has received 1, the Honorable KEVIN MCCARTHY of the State of California has received 1, the Honorable RAND PAUL of the Commonwealth of Kentucky has received 1, the Honorable JEFF SESSIONS of the State of Alabama has received 1, and the Honorable Colin Powell has received 1, with 1 recorded as ''present.''
Therefore, the Honorable JOHN A. BOEHNER of the State of Ohio, having received the majority of the votes cast, is duly elected Speaker of the House of Representatives for the 113114th Congress.
An oath is mandated by Article VI of the Constitution, and its text is set by statute (5 U.S.C. 3331).2221 As the Members-elect raise their right hands, they are not required to hold anything in their left hands. Many have held a family Bible or another sacred text in their left hands, but there is no requirement that anything be held when the oath is taken.
The same is true for Representatives who re-enact the event with their families and the Speaker in the Speaker's office after the formal ceremony. Many Members choose to hold something meaningful in their left hands. These objects have often been, but are not limited to, a family heirloom or something else of special significance. Nothing, however, is required. It is up to the Member to determine what, if anything, he or she holds.2322 While photography is not permitted of the swearing-in on the House floor, ceremonial swearing-ins may be photographed or recorded.
Members who were not present when all Members were sworn in might take the oath in the House chamber later on opening day.2423 Occasionally, the swearing-in of a Member-elect is delayed because of illness or other circumstances. When that happens, the Member-elect is sworn in at a later date in the House chamber or elsewhere by someone designated by the Speaker. The oath of office may be administered by another Member or by a judge. The location has been at sites in Washington, DC, other than the Capitol and in other parts of the country.25
Mrs. McMORRISMCMORRIS RODGERS. Mr. Speaker, as chair of the Republican Conference, I am directed by that conference to notify the House officially that the Republican Members have selected as majority leader the gentleman from VirginiaCalifornia, the Honorable ERIC CANTORKEVIN MCCARTHY.
The party chairs then announce the names of those elected to serve as majority and minority whips.2827
The House next turns to the election of its administrative officers: Clerk, Sergeant at Arms, Chief Administrative Officer, and Chaplain. A simple resolution nominating the slate of candidates is offered by the chair of the caucus or conference of the majority party. The minority party proposes its own roster of candidates as an amendment to the majority party's resolution. By tradition, neither the resolution nor the amendment is debated, although the slate can be divided with a separate vote on any or all officers.2928 Again, because of its numerical advantage, the majority is able to defeat the minority substitute and to adopt the resolution naming its chosen candidates. The Speaker administers the oath to the newly elected officers.30
Six staff of the minority party leadership are subsequently designated.3130
The House considersadopts simple resolutions to formally notify the Senate and the President that it has elected its leaders, is assembled, and is ready to receive messages from them. Subsequently, the majority and minority leaders as well as two Senators (usually the majority and minority leaders) telephone the President with the news that Congress is ready to begin its work. The Clerk of the House is also authorized by resolution to inform the President that the House has selected its Speaker and Clerk.32
In addition to providing forallowing the adoption of the previous House's rules with specific amendments to those rules, a rules resolution may provideinclude other provisions that govern for additional House action or activities. Such provisions typically appear as the final sections of the rules resolution, may be extensive, and may be labeled as separate orders, additional orders, or even with a specific name. In the 113114th Congress rules resolution, Section 3 was labeled Separate Orders; Section 4 was labeled Committees, Commissions, and House Offices; and Section 5 was labeled Additional OrdersOrder of Business.
The separate orders in Section 3 pertained to House rules (e.g., access to House exercise facilities by former Members who are registered lobbyists) and rules in rulemaking statutes (e.g., the Congressional Budget Act). TheThese separate orders and other orders departed from or interpreted these rules in a specific manner for the duration of only the 113th Congress.42
The provisions related to committees, commissions, and House offices in Section 4 covered a range of special authorities operational for only the 113th Congress. For example, provisions continued from the 112th Congress the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group's intervention in the defense in the courts of the Defense of Marriage Act andpending an occurrence, for the first session of the 114th Congress, or for the duration of the 114th Congress.42 Another provision of Section 3 authorized the Oversight and Government Reform Committee's and the Office of General Counsel's status in to continue legal actions related to an investigation of a gun-running investigation of the Justice Department.43 Other provisions also continued the operation of four House simple resolutions, adopted in the 110th Congress, pertaining to the House Democracy Project, the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission, the Office of Congressional Ethics, and the empaneling of investigative subcommittees by the House Ethics Committee.44, begun in the 112th Congress. The provisions related to committees, commissions, and House offices in Section 4 continued the existence for the 114th Congress of resolutions from prior Congresses covering various entities and authorities, such as the Select Committee on the Events Surrounding the 2012 Terrorist Attack in Benghazi, established in the 113th Congress.43 The House needed to formally indicate that these resolutions were in effect since a simple resolution normally expires at the end of the Congress in which it is adopted.
The terms special order and special rule are used somewhat interchangeably.4745 In either case, it may make in order House consideration of a measure and establish the terms of the measure's debate and amendment, among other provisions. It might also alter specific rules of the House, perhaps permitting an action that would otherwise be prohibited. When the majority party wishes to begin moving quickly in a new Congress on legislation, it might include in the rules resolution special orders making in order the consideration of specified measures or temporarily altering specific rules to allow the consideration of a specified measure. In the 113.
In the 111th Congress, for exampleSection 5 of H.Res. 5 allowed a motion to suspend the rules on Friday, January 4, 2013, so that the House could consider a flood insurance measure under that procedure; without this order, the motion could be made only on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays. A similar provision in Section 5 of H.Res. 5 in the 112th Congress applied to a resolution to be considered on Thursday, January 6, 2011, that reduced salaries and expenses authorized for Member, committee, and leadership offices. This provision also expanded the debate time of 40 minutes under the rule on suspension of the rules to 2 hours.46 In the 111th Congress, Section 5 of H.Res. 5 made in order the consideration of H.R. 11, the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, and H.R. 12, the Paycheck Fairness Act, and set the terms for the measures' debate. The House agreed to H.Res. 5 on January 6, 2009. On January 9, it considered H.R. 11 and H.R. 12 under the terms of the special order included in H.Res. 5, and passed the bills.
On the day of convening, the Speaker customarily announces the Speaker's policies with respect to certain floor practices for the duration of the Congress. These policies are grounded in authority or discretion granted the Speaker in the rules. The 10 policies in effect for the 113114th Congress address
51Memoranda of Understanding Between Committees
The House by unanimous consent provides forallows a period preceding House sessions that is called Morning Hour. WhenIn Morning Hour occurs, Members may speak up to five minutes on topics of their choice.5058
The House adopts a concurrent resolution (H.Con.Res. 1, 113114th Congress) by unanimous consent to allow the Speaker and the majority leader of the Senate (or their designated representatives) to notify the Members of the House and Senate to assemble outside of Washington, DC, if circumstances require it.52
Other routine organizational business may be taken up on the House floor on the first day. Concurrent resolutions may be adopted providing for a joint session of Congress to receive the President's State of the Union message, or providing for an adjournment of the House and Senate.5563 The Speaker and minority leader might make appointments to commissions or committees or other offices.5664 A resolution of condolence on the death of a Member that occurred subsequent to the adjournment of the last Congress may also be considered.57
65 Counting Electoral Votes
Some resolutions are dependent on specific circumstances and dothat might not occur on the first day ofin every new Congress. For example, following a presidential election, the new House must adopt one or more resolutions providing for the counting by the new Congress of electoral votes cast for the President and Vice President of the United States; continuing the Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies; and authorizing the use of the Capitol and its grounds for inaugural activities.58
66 Other First-Day Business
After the House has completed its initial organizational proceedings, it might then turn to legislative5967 or routine business, which normally completes its legislative day. Routine business might include the introduction of bills and resolutions,6068 receipt and referral of messages from the President and executive communications and agencies,6169 receipt of messages from the Senate,6270 one-minute and special-order speeches,6371 and notices and announcements required by House rule or regulation.64
See House Rule II, cl. 2, in Constitution, Jefferson's Manual, and Rules of the House of Representatives of the United State, One Hundred ThirteenthFourteenth Congress, prepared by Thomas J. Wickham, H. Doc. 112-161, 112113-181, 113th Cong., 2nd sess. (Washington: GPO, 20132015). (Hereinafter, House Rules and Manual.)
At the beginning of the 109th Congress, for example, the Clerk announced the death of Rep. Robert Matsui of California since the last regular election for RepsRepresentatives. The Clerk [Jeffrey J. Trandahl], "Announcement by the Clerk," Congressional Record, vol. 151, part 1 (January 4, 2005), p. 37. In the 107th Congress, the Clerk announced the death of Rep. Julian Dixon of California since the last regular election for RepsRepresentatives. The Clerk [Jeffrey J. Trandahl], "Announcement by the Clerk," Congressional Record, vol. 147, part 1 (January 3, 2001), p. 20.
See CRS Report RL30857, Speakers of the House: Elections, 1913-20132015, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. See also CRS Report 97-780, The Speaker of the House: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative, by [author name scrubbed].
Although the Speaker has always been a Member of the House, this is not a constitutional requirement. In the 113th Congress, 10 individuals in addition to the party nominees received votes for Speaker, with 1 receiving 3 votes, 2 receiving 2 votes, and 7 receiving 1 vote each; 3 of the other individuals receiving votes were not Reps.Representatives-elect. In the 112th Congress, 7 other Members-elect received votes for Speaker, with 5 receiving 1 vote each, 1 receiving 2 votes, and 1 receiving 11 votes. All votes cast in the 110th and 111th Congresses were for the party nominees. In the 107th, 108th, and 109th Congresses, there was one other Member-elect in each Congress who received a vote for Speaker. All votes cast in the 106th Congress were for the party nominees. At the commencement of the 105th Congress, two former Members and a Member-elect, in addition to the two party nominees, received votes; the former Members each received a vote and the Member-elect received 2 votes. Some Reps.Representatives also vote present or do not vote in the election of a Speaker.
Tellers are Members or clerks who count, or record and count, votes cast. See "Election of the Speaker," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 20136, 2015), p. H3.
In the 113th Congressand 114th Congresses, Rep.-elect Nancy Pelosi voted for herself, while Rep.-elect John Boehner did not vote. (Ms. Pelosi had been chosen as minority leader of her party; Mr. Boehner had served as Speaker in the 112th Congressand 113th Congresses.) See "Election of the Speaker," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 20136, 2015), pp. H2H3-H4. In the 110th Congress, both party nominees for Speaker voted for themselves. See "Election of Speaker," Congressional Record, vol. 153, part 1 (January 4, 2007), p. 3.
See "Election of the Speaker," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 20136, 2015), pp. H2-H4.
Rep. John DingellConyers (D-MI) was the dean of the House in the 113th Congress. (On February 24, 2014, Mr. Dingell announced that he would not seek election to the 114th Congress, commencing January 3, 2015.)114th Congress. His service began January 3, 1965. See "Election of the Speaker," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, pp. H4-H56, 2015), p. H6.
See "Announcement by the Speaker Pro Tempore," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, p. H27.
See "Appointment of Members to Act as Speaker Pro Tempore to Sign Enrolled Bills and Joint Resolutions during the 113th Congress," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, January 3, 2013, p. H276, 2015), p. H35; and House Rule I, cl. 8(b)(3).
Regarding Members sworn in at other times and in other places, see, for example: In the 105th Congress, the swearing-ins of Rep.-elect Frank Tejeda of Texas and Rep.-elect Julia Carson of Indiana were delayed because of illness. Rep. Tejeda was sworn in January 8, 1997, and Rep. Carson on January 9, 1997. Both were sworn in by federal judges outside Washington, DC. Rep. Richard Gephardt106th Congress, two ill Members, Reps.-elect George Miller and Sam Farr, were sworn in at their California homes by judges on January 7, 1999, and January 8, 1999, respectively. Rep. Robert Menendez, "Authorizing the Speaker or His Deputy to Administer the Oath of Office to the Honorable Frank TejedaGeorge Miller and the Honorable Julia CarsonSam Farr of California," Congressional Record, vol. 143145, part 1 (January 7, 1997), pp.143-1446, 1999), p. 246. In the 106th Congress, two ill Members, Reps.-elect George Miller and Sam Farr, were sworn in at their California homes by judges on January 7, 1999, and January 8, 1999, respectively. Rep. Robert Menendez105th Congress, the swearing-ins of Rep.-elect Frank Tejeda of Texas and Rep.-elect Julia Carson of Indiana were delayed because of illness. Rep. Tejeda was sworn in January 8, 1997, and Rep. Carson on January 9, 1997. Both were sworn in by federal judges outside Washington, DC. Rep. Richard Gephardt, "Authorizing the Speaker or His Deputy to Administer the Oath of Office to the Honorable George MillerFrank Tejeda and the Honorable Sam Farr of CaliforniaJulia Carson," Congressional Record, vol. 145143, part 1 (January 6, 1999), p. 246.
7, 1997), pp.143-144.
Regarding Members sworn in in the House chamber at other times than the day of convening, see, for example, the swearing-in of Reps.-elect Earl Blumenauer, John Lewis, and Lucille Royal-Allard. See "Swearing In of Members," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, January 14, 2013, p. H74; and "Oath of Office-Members, Resident Commissioner, and Delegates," January 14, 2013, p. H82Joseph Crowley, Eliot Engel, Brian Higgins, Nita Lowey, Carolyn Maloney, Sean Patrick Maloney, Gregory Meeks, Grace Meng, Jerrold Nadler, Charles Rangel, Paul Tonko and Nydia Velázquez. See "Swearing In of Members-Elect," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 161 (January 7, 2015), p. H55.
In the 112th Congress, two Members were absent from the House chamber when Members were sworn in, but were in the Capitol complex. They were sworn in later on January 6. It was discovered that the Members had responded to various recorded quorum- and roll-calls before being so sworn and that they had taken other official actions as Members and that official actions were taken on their behalf before they were sworn. The House adopted a resolution vitiating their participation, correcting the Congressional Record, and validating actions that had been taken. See "Swearing in of Members," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 157, part 1 (January 6, 2011), p. H76; 164; H.Res. 27, agreed to in the House January 7, 2011; and "Relating to the Status of Certain Actions Taken by Members-Elect," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 157, part 1 (January 7, 2011), pp. H118-H120227-229.
See also CRS Report 98-194, RL33780, Procedures for Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives: 1933 to 2011, by [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report RL33780, Procedures for , by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]; and the out-of-print report available from its author, CRS Report 98-194, Contested Election Cases in the House of Representatives: 1933 to 2011,, by [author name scrubbed] and. Regarding qualifications of Members of the House, see CRS Report R41946, Qualifications of Members of Congress, by [author name scrubbed].
See "Majority Leader" and "Minority Leader," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, p. H56, 2015), p. H6. See also CRS Report RL30665, The Role of the House Majority Leader: An Overview, by [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report RL30666, The Role of the House Minority Leader: An Overview, by [author name scrubbed].
The Democratic Caucus chair also announces the selection of the assistant Democratic leader. See "Majority Whip" and "Minority Whip and Assistant Democratic Leader," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, pp. H5-6, 2015), p. H6. See also CRS Report RS20881, Party Leaders in the House: Election, Duties, and Responsibilities, by [author name scrubbed].
Traditionally, a Member asks for a division so that there will be separate vote on the chaplain; the minority does not then include an alternative chaplain in its amendment. See "Electing Officers toof the House of Representatives," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013,6, 2015) p. H6.
See "Providing for the Designation of Certain Minority Employees," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159161, January 3, 2013, p. H246, 2015, p. H28.
See "To Inform the Senate That a Quorum of the House Has Assembled and of the Election of the Speaker ofand the HouseClerk," "Authorizing the Speaker To Appoint a Committee To Notify the President of the Assembly of the Congress," and "Authorizing the Clerk To Inform the President of the Election of the Speaker and the Clerk," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, p. H66, 2015), pp. H6-H7. 32. For an explanation of House rules changes in the last two decades, see CRS Report RL33610, A Retrospective of House Rules Changes Since the 104th Congress through the 109th Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report R42395, A Retrospective of House Rules Changes Since the 110th Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed].
For the 113114th Congress rules resolution debate, see "Rules of the House," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, pp. H6-H226, 2015), pp. H7-H27. In the 106th Congress, for the first time in over 100 years, the House recodified its rules. The majority and minority had worked together in the prior Congress on the recodification. The majority also offered several amendments to the recodified rules. See "Rules of the House," Congressional Record, vol. 145, part 1 (January 6, 1999), pp. 47-235.
Prior to debate on the 113114th Congress rules resolution, DC Delegate Eleanor Holmes Norton made a motion to refer the resolution to a select committee to make a recommendation on Delegate voting in the Committee of the Whole. The motion was tabled. See Rep. Eleanor Holmes Norton, "Motion To Refer," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 20136, 2015), pp. H9-H10H11.
On two occasions in the past two decades, the House has first adopted a special rule governing consideration of that Congress's rules resolution. In the 104th and 110th Congresses, these special rules were numbered H.Res. 5 and the rules resolutionresolutions were numbered H.Res. 6. See also CRS Report 98-354, How Special Rules Regulate Calling up Measures for Consideration in the House, by [author name scrubbed].
The prospective chair of the Rules Committee, who manages debate for the majority, inserts an explanation of the proposed rules changes in the Congressional Record. See Rep. Pete Sessions, "H.Res. 5," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 20135, 2015), pp. H12-H14. See also CRS Report RS22991, Speaking on the House Floor: Gaining Time and Parliamentary Phraseology, by [author name scrubbed].
If the minority has an amendment to the majority's rules resolution, the minority floor manager asks Members to defeat the previous question so that the minority may offer its amendment. In the 113114th Congress, the minority's amendment did not seek to amend the proposed rules themselves but would have made in order the consideration of a constitutional amendment to overturn a Supreme Court decision on campaign financebill, the Stop Corporate Expatriation and Invest in America's Infrastructure Act. See Rep. Louise Slaughter, "An Amendment to H.Res. 5 Offered by Ms. Slaughter of New York," daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, p. H196, 2015), pp. H23-H24. See also CRS Report 98-354, How Special Rules Regulate Calling up Measures for Consideration in the House, by [author name scrubbed].
See Rep. George MillerChris Van Hollen, "Motion to Commit," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, pp. H21-H226, 2015), pp. H25-H27. The minority's proposed amendment to the rules resolution (instructions in the motion to commit) did not seek to amend the proposed House rules themselves but authorized the House to consider a bill on election administration intended to facilitate citizens' opportunities to vote in elections, the CEO-Employee Paycheck Fairness Act. See also CRS Report 98-354, How Special Rules Regulate Calling up Measures for Consideration in the House, by [author name scrubbed].
For an explanation of House rules changes in the last two decades, see CRS Report RL33610, A Retrospective of House Rules Changes Since the 104th104th Congress through the 109th109th Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report R42395, A Retrospective of House Rules Changes Since the 110th110th Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed].
In the 111th Congress, provisions in Section 4 of H.Res. 5 also continued authorities, in that instance for the Judiciary Committee and the Office of General Counsel related to an investigation of the firing of U.S. attorneysH.Res. 5 continued the existence of the Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming established in the 110th Congress.
Similar provisions pertaining to these four entities appeared in The same additional order appeared in Section 4 of H.Res. 5 in the 112113th Congress and Section 5 of H.Res. 5 in the 112th Congress. In the 111th Congress, provisions in Section 4 also continued the existence of the Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming established in the 110th Congress.
48See CRS Report 98-354, How Special Rules Regulate Calling up Measures for Consideration in the House, by [author name scrubbed].
See, "Announcement by the Speaker Pro Tempore," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, pp. H25-H276, 2015), pp. H33-H35. Both parties' rules also contain guidance for their party leadership on the legislative process, for example, their rules on appropriate legislation to be considered under the suspension of the rules procedure. In addition, Majority Leader Eric CantorKevin McCarthy has published "legislative protocols" to guide the majority leadership in scheduling and considering legislation; see http://www.majorityleader.gov/Protocols.
See "Making in Order Morning-Hour Debate," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, January 3, 2013, p. H24protocols.
58. See "Making in Order Morning-Hour Debate," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 161 (January 6, 2015), pp. H33-H34. See also CRS Report RS21174, Special Order Speeches and Other Forms of Non-Legislative Debate in the House, by [author name scrubbed].
See "Granting Members Permission To Extend Remarks and Include Extraneous Material in the Congressional Record during the 113114th Congress," House debate, Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, p. H246, 2015), p. H32.
See "Regarding Consent to Assemble Outside the Seat of Government," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, January 5, 2013, p. H24161 (January 6, 2015), p. H32. See also Speaker pro tempore, "Recall Designee," letter, Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 161 (January 6, 2015), p. H35.
See "Electing Members to Certain Standing Committees of the House of Representatives," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 5, 2013, pp. H23-H246, 2015), p. H28. See also CRS Report 98-151, House Committees: Categories and Rules for Committee Assignments, by [author name scrubbed]; CRS Report 98-367, House Committees: Assignment Process, by [author name scrubbed]; CRS Report 98-610, House Subcommittees: Assignment Process, by [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report R40478, House Committee Party Ratios: 98th-113th98th-114th Congresses, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. See, in addition, CRS Report RS21339, Congress's Early Organization Meetings, by [author name scrubbed].
If the House creates a new committee in its rules resolution, it might provide interim funding. See, for example, "Providing Amounts for Interim Expenses of the Committee on Homeland Security in the First Session of the 109th Congress," Congressional Record, vol. 151, part 1 (January 4, 2005), pp. 71-73. See also, CRS Report R42778, House Committee Funding: Description of Process and Analysis of Disbursements, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report RL32794, House Committee Funding Requests and Authorizations, 104th-113th104th-114th Congresses, by [author name scrubbed].
See, for example, "Providing for a Conditional Recess or Adjournment of the Senate and an Adjournment of the House of Representatives," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 157, part 1 (January 7, 2011), p. H31106.
See "Appointment—House OfficesOffice Building Commission," "Appointment of MembersMember to Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence," and "Appointment of Members to Joint Economic CommitteeMember to Select Committee on the Events Surrounding the 2012 Terrorist Attack in Benghazi," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, 161 (January 5, 2013, pp. H24-H256, 2015), p. H35. See also, "Authorizing the Speaker, Majority Leader and Minority Leader To Accept Resignations and Make Appointments During the 113114th Congress," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 157, 161 (January 7, 2011, p. H316, 2015), p. H32. For additional information, see CRS Report RL33313, Congressional Membership and Appointment Authority to Advisory Commissions, Boards, and Groups, by [author name scrubbed].
See "To Provide for the Counting on January 4, 2013 of the Electoral Votes for President and Vice President of the United States" and "Extending the Life of the Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, (January 3, 2013), p. H25. See also CRS Report RL32717, Counting Electoral Votes: An Overview of Procedures at the Joint Session, Including Objections by Members of Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed].
Legislative business conducted opening day has also included the filing of special rules by the Rules Committee. See for example, "Report on Resolution Providing for Consideration of S. 23, Temporary Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 2002," and "Report on Resolution Providing for Consideration of H.J. Res 1, Further Continuing Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2003 and H.J. Res. 2, Further Continuing Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2003," Congressional Record, vol. 149, part 1 (January 7, 2003), p. 45. ItFor an explanation of special rules, see CRS Report 98-354, How Special Rules Regulate Calling up Measures for Consideration in the House, by [author name scrubbed]. Legislative business has also included a resolution made in order by the rules resolution to change House ethics rules. See "House Gift Rule Amendment," Congressional Record, vol. 147, part 1 (January 6, 1999), pp. 237-240. Legislative business has included impeachment procedures related to the impeachment of President Bill Clinton. See "Providing For Certain Appointments and Procedures Relating to Impeachment Proceedings," Congressional Record, vol. 147, part 1 (January 6, 1999), pp. 240-245. For an examination of impeachment and trial procedures, see CRS Report R44260, Impeachment and Removal, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. And, legislative business has included legislation (a bill) made in order by the rules resolution. See, for example, "Congressional Accountability Act of 1995," Congressional Record, vol. 141, part 1 (January 4, 1995), pp. 530-545.
The rules resolution typically includes an order reserving bill numbers (for the first session or for both sessions of a Congress) for the majority (H.R. 1-H.R. 10) and the minority (H.R. 11-H.R. 20). A sponsor may introduce a bill within this allotment at any time and may designate one of the remaining numbers to be assigned to it. See See H.Res. 5, §3(hl), agreed to in the House January 3, 20136, 2015. See also CRS Report 98-728, Bills, Resolutions, Nominations, and Treaties: Characteristics, Requirements, and Uses, by [author name scrubbed]; CRS Report 98-706, Bills and Resolutions: Examples of How Each Kind Is Used, by [author name scrubbed]; CRS Report RS20617, How Bills Amend Statutes, by [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report 95-563, The Legislative Process on the House Floor: An Introduction, by [author name scrubbed]. See also CRS Report RS21169, Sources of Legislative Proposals: A Descriptive Introduction, by [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report RS20991, Legislative Planning: Considerations for Congressional Staff, by [author name scrubbed].
See "Executive Communications, Etc.," Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 159, (January 3, 2013), p. H27.
See "Message From the Senate," Congressional Record, vol. 159, 161 (January 3, 2013, p. H226, 2015), p. H28.