Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2017506119A/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-15 02:41:03
Document Index: 164141725

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 2', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 27', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 21', 'art 31']

JP2017506119A - Devices, systems, and methods for delivering prosthetic mitral valves and anchor devices - Google Patents
Devices, systems, and methods for delivering prosthetic mitral valves and anchor devices Download PDF
2017-03-02 Publication of JP2017506119A publication Critical patent/JP2017506119A/en
Prosthetic mitral heart valves and anchors for use with such valves are provided that allow improved implantation procedures. In various embodiments, the helical anchor device (5) is formed as a coiled or helical anchor comprising one or more windings that spiral or curve around a central axis. A curved arm (43) attached to the valve frame (48) guides the helical anchor device (5) to a fixed position below the leaflets and around the mitral valve annulus as it exits the delivery catheter. The expandable prosthetic mitral valve is then retained within the anchor device coil. The anchor device and the valve can be delivered together to simplify the valve replacement procedure.
Complications of the mitral valve that control blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle of the human heart are known to cause fatal heart failure. In developed countries, one of the most common forms of valvular heart disease is mitral valve leakage, also known as mitral regurgitation, which passes from the left ventricle through the mitral valve to the left atrium. Characterized by abnormal leakage of blood back into the interior. This is most commonly the case when the mitral leaflets do not properly contact or close after multiple infarcts in which the left ventricle dilates, idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and hypertensive cardiomyopathy. Occurs due to bloody heart disease and abnormalities in the leaflets and cords such as those caused by degenerative diseases.
In addition to mitral regurgitation, rheumatic diseases can result in mitral stenosis or stenosis. This has been virtually eliminated in developed countries, but is still common in areas where living standards are not so high.
Over the last decade, many companies have successfully created catheters or minimally invasive implantable aortic valves, but such implantation of mitral valves is the most difficult. Patients will benefit from implanting the device with a minimally invasive surgical procedure utilizing a small incision or by implanting a catheter, such as from the hip. From the patient's perspective, the catheterization procedure is very attractive. Many patients who require mitral valve replacement are elderly and open-heart cardiac procedures are painful, risky, and time consuming to recover. Some patients are not even eligible for surgery due to age and vulnerability.
International Publication No. 2013/114214 Pamphlet
Prior applications (eg, WO 2013/114214, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference) relate to the use of anchors for mounting a mitral valve prosthesis into a patient via a catheter or minimally invasive procedure. Disclosure. The anchor most commonly described in these disclosures is a helical anchor. This helical anchor is first placed in the vicinity of the natural mitral annulus, and then the prosthetic valve is implanted inside the anchor. It is also possible to add a helical anchor after placement of the artificial valve. Helical anchors can be placed to improve prosthesis stability, to prevent peristalsis, or even to control leakage that occurs around the valve. Regardless of whether the anchor is placed before or after the valve implant, this provides a two-step procedure for the intervenor. The intervenor must first place the anchor and then place the prosthetic valve or vice versa.
In order to simplify the procedure, it would be useful to have a device and method for combining anchor delivery with valve delivery. It is also possible to reduce the impact on the patient with a single surgical procedure.
Embodiments of the present invention include delivery devices and systems and methods for delivering anchor devices, such as prosthetic mitral valves and helical anchor devices. The prosthetic mitral valve and the helical anchor device may be housed in a catheter that delivers both the prosthetic mitral valve and the helical anchor device to the patient's mitral position in a single procedure.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a mitral valve prosthesis includes an expandable valve frame and a plurality of arms each connected to the valve frame at or near the first end of the valve frame. A first arm among the plurality of arms has a shape different from the shape of each of the other arms. The first arm is configured to guide the anchor device around the valve frame.
According to another embodiment, the mitral valve prosthesis includes an expandable valve frame, a first end attached to the valve frame, and the valve frame is the central axis of the valve frame when the valve frame is in the expanded configuration. A first arm having a second end configured to extend further in a radial direction from the central axis than extending from the anchor, and an anchor device having a coil defining an inner space. The valve frame is retained by the anchor device when in the expanded configuration within the inner space of the coil.
According to another embodiment, a method for delivering a mitral valve prosthesis to a natural mitral valve of the heart includes positioning a catheter on the natural mitral valve, an arm exiting the catheter to the left ventricle of the heart, and Advancing the first end of the valve frame and advancing the anchoring device out of the catheter and into the left ventricle around the leaflets and chords of the natural mitral valve, Guided by at least a portion of the arm during the step of advancing the device, and advancing the remaining portion of the valve frame out of the catheter, the valve frame being defined by the coil of the anchor device Expanding and maintaining in the inner space.
Further features and advantages will become apparent from the description of embodiments using the attached drawings.
1 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of a delivery catheter to which a prosthetic valve and a helical anchor device are being delivered according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of a delivery catheter to which a prosthetic valve and a helical anchor device are being delivered according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a process of using a delivery system to implant a helical anchor device and a prosthetic mitral valve in a mitral position of a heart according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a process of using a delivery system to implant a helical anchor device and a prosthetic mitral valve in a mitral position of a heart according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a process of using a delivery system to implant a helical anchor device and a prosthetic mitral valve in a mitral position of a heart according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a process of using a delivery system to implant a helical anchor device and a prosthetic mitral valve in a mitral position of a heart according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a process of using a delivery system to implant a helical anchor device and a prosthetic mitral valve in a mitral position of a heart according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view illustrating a process of using a delivery system to implant a helical anchor device and a prosthetic mitral valve in a mitral position of a heart according to a first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of a delivery catheter to which a prosthetic mitral valve with a modified arm is being delivered according to a second embodiment. FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of a delivery catheter to which a prosthetic mitral valve with a modified arm is being delivered according to a second embodiment. FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of a valve delivery catheter and an adjacent helical anchor delivery catheter, with a prosthetic mitral valve and a helical anchor device, respectively, delivered according to a further embodiment. FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the end of a valve delivery catheter and an adjacent helical anchor delivery catheter, with a prosthetic mitral valve and a helical anchor device, respectively, delivered according to a further embodiment. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the helical anchor device and prosthetic valve of FIGS. 4A-4B after delivery from each of the adjacent helical anchor delivery catheter and valve delivery catheter.
Disclosed herein is an artificial mitral heart valve and an anchor for use with such a valve that allows for simplified and improved implantation. In various embodiments, the helical anchor device is formed as a coiled or helical anchor comprising one or more windings that spiral or curve around a central axis. This prosthetic mitral valve is expanded and retained in the coil. The anchor and valve can be delivered in a single procedure. By combining anchor placement with valve implantation, patients benefit from a faster and simpler prosthetic valve implantation process.
1A-1B are enlarged perspective views of the end of a delivery catheter 10 to which a prosthetic valve 4 and a helical anchor device 5 are being delivered according to a first embodiment of the present invention. For clarity, the heart structure is omitted in these drawings.
FIG. 1A shows a prosthetic valve 4 having a portion that extends from the delivery catheter 10 and a portion that is still retained within the delivery catheter 10. The prosthetic valve 4 includes a valve frame 48 that is expandable from a folded position or configuration in which the diameter of the valve frame 48 is reduced to an expanded position or configuration in which the diameter of the valve frame 48 is expanded. As discussed in more detail below, the valve frame 48 may be folded to facilitate delivery through the delivery catheter 10 and a mitral annulus or mitral during or after placement with the natural mitral valve. It can be expanded to engage the anchor device 5 located in the cap position. The valve frame 48 further accommodates a plurality of leaflets 41 (eg, as shown in FIG. 2F) for regulation or control of blood flow through the prosthetic valve 4.
The artificial valve further includes a plurality of arms 43 attached to the valve and extending from the valve frame 48. The arm 43 may be attached to the distal end of the valve frame 48 so that it begins to retract from the catheter 10 before the valve frame 48 during delivery of the prosthetic valve 4. Alternatively, the arm 43 can be mounted higher towards the center of the valve frame 48 away from the distal end (eg, as shown in FIG. 2F). The arm 43 is curved, the first portion extends away from the end of the valve frame 48, and the second portion is curved back toward the valve frame 48, the valve The frame 48 extends outward in the radial direction. The second portion of arm 43 extends radially outward, generally farther than valve frame 48, even after valve frame 48 is expanded. The arm 43 is thus shaped to facilitate positioning around the natural mitral leaflet.
At least one of the arms 43 is arranged differently from the other arms 43 (for example, has a different shape). FIG. 1A shows the loop 42 at the distal end of the arm 43 illustrated on the left. The loop 42 is formed by further bending the end of the arm to define a circular opening. The size of the opening defined by the loop 42 is such that the helical anchor device 5 can be guided through the loop 42. The loop 42 may also be slightly larger to hold and / or guide the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 through which the helical anchor device 5 is deployed. The loop 42 allows the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 to pivot and be adjusted to the desired delivery position.
The helical anchor delivery catheter 11 is used to deploy and position the helical anchor device 5. The helical anchor delivery catheter 11 can be initially passed or retained within the loop 42 of the prosthetic valve 4 during delivery of the prosthetic valve 4 through the catheter 10. Also, of course, in this way, the deployment of the arm 43 causes the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 to bend to and / or to the desired position for delivery of the helical anchor device 5 and / or other Is positioned by the method. In other embodiments, the helical anchor delivery catheter may alternatively be guided to and through the loop 42 after each part is delivered from the catheter 10. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 is positioned within and passes through the prosthetic valve 4 in the catheter 10. However, as shown and discussed later in connection with FIGS. 4A-4B, in other embodiments, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 is instead aligned with the prosthetic valve 4 in the catheter 10 (ie, the prosthetic valve 4). In parallel) or can be positioned, for example, completely outside the catheter 10.
In some embodiments, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 can have a preformed shape that facilitates positioning of the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 when delivered from the delivery catheter 10. In some embodiments, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 can be steerable through one of a variety of means.
1A and 1B show an initial process in which the helical anchor device 5 is pushed out of the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 or otherwise delivered. As discussed in more detail below, the helical anchor device 5 is formed as a coiled or helical anchor comprising one or more windings that spiral or curve around a central axis. The helical anchor device 5 defines a generally circular or cylindrical inner space in which the valve frame 48 of the prosthetic valve 4 can be expanded and held. The helical anchor device 5 can be preformed to have a coil shape or a helical shape, and the helical anchor device 5 is deformed when held in the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 (eg, The anchor device 5 returns to a coil shape when delivered from the helical anchor delivery catheter 11. The size and / or radius of curvature of the helical anchor device 5 and the positioning of the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 are fully guided around the native mitral valve leaflets and chordas when the anchor device 5 is being deployed. It's like getting. FIG. 1A shows the initial stage of deployment of the anchor device 5, where only the distal tip of the anchor device 5 extends from the helical anchor delivery catheter 11, and FIG. 1B shows the valve frame of the prosthetic valve 4. 48 is being unfolded over almost one full revolution. Implantation of both the prosthetic valve 4 and the anchor device 5 for various features of the heart is discussed in more detail below in connection with FIGS. 2A-2F.
2A-2F illustrate a delivery system 100 and method for positioning a prosthetic mitral valve 4 and a helical anchor device 5 on a natural mitral valve 3 of a patient's heart 2 according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2A shows that the atrium passes through a peripheral vein such as the inferior vena cava 21 and into the right atrium 22 so that the end of the catheter 1 is placed in the left ventricle 25 in the vicinity of the natural mitral valve 3. A delivery system 100 is shown comprising a catheter 1 that has been advanced across the septum 23, into the left atrium 24, and through the natural mitral valve 3 and into the heart 2. The catheter 1 can be introduced into the patient's venous system by percutaneous perforation of the patient's buttocks or by a small surgical incision, as is commonly known. Alternatively, the catheter 1 may be introduced at any location in the cervical region or shoulder region in the lower abdominal region or retroperitoneal region, or through the subclavian vein or axillary vein or cervical jugular vein. In further embodiments, the catheter 1 can be introduced through the superior vena cava 26 or can enter the heart 2 directly through the outer wall of the left atrium 24. As shown in FIG. 2A, the delivery catheter 10 extends from the catheter 1 and is positioned within the left ventricle 25.
The catheter 10 houses or holds a prosthetic mitral valve 4 that can be implanted in the region of the patient's natural mitral valve 3 as shown in FIGS. 2E-2F. The artificial valve 4 is expandable as described above, and can be self-expanding. Typically, Nitinol is used to make the valve frame 48 of the self-expanding prosthetic valve 4, although other shape memory materials can also be used. The valve frame houses prosthetic leaflets 41 as shown in FIG. 2F, and these artificial leaflets 41 are typically made from bovine or porcine pericardium. Also, the leaflets 41 can be synthetic or derived from other sources such as human cadaver or by tissue engineering. One biomaterial with favorable properties is tissue derived from the small intestinal mucosa.
FIG. 2B shows an enlarged view of the catheter 1 located inside the left heart 27, and the distal end 12 of the delivery catheter 10 is located directly below the natural leaflet 31 of the mitral valve 3. A portion of the prosthetic valve 4 has been delivered from the delivery catheter 10 within the left ventricle 25 (eg, deployed outward) such that the loop 42 protrudes from the distal end 12 of the delivery catheter 10.
FIG. 2C shows further deployment of the prosthetic mitral valve 4 from the delivery catheter 10. The arm 43 extends from or near the end of the valve frame 48 of the prosthetic valve 4 placed in the left ventricle 25, wraps around the natural valve leaf 31, and the edge of the natural mitral valve leaf 31. It plays the role which fixes the artificial valve 4 firmly. The arrows indicate the direction in which the arm 43 wraps around the lower edge of the natural mitral valve 31 after the arm 43 is deployed outward from the delivery catheter 10. The arm 43 assists in preventing the prosthetic valve 4 from being displaced upwardly into the left atrium 24 when the prosthetic valve 4 is fully positioned.
The plurality of arms 43 are useful for forming a mounting lower surface of the artificial mitral valve 4 relative to the natural mitral valve 3. The arm 43 can vary in length and features and structure. Although only two arms are shown in FIGS. 2A-2F for purposes of illustration, it will be understood that more or less than two arms 43 may be used with this embodiment.
One of the arms 43 has a loop 42 at its distal or distal end to orient or control the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 that houses the helical anchor device 5. In this embodiment, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 is preloaded in the loop 42. The arm 43 with the loop 42 can be made of a structure that is heavier than the other arms 43, and need not be similar to the other arms 43 without the loop 42.
The arm 43 has shape memory characteristics or other properties so that when deployed outward from the deployment catheter 10, it can return to a curved shape and wrap around the natural mitral valve leaflet 31. Has elasticity.
An arm 43 having a loop 42 wraps around the natural mitral valve leaflet 31 and the attached helical anchor delivery catheter 11 includes a chordal cord 32 and the patient's natural mitral valve leaflet 31 is a helical anchor device. 5 is carried along with this arm 43 so as to be placed inside the exposed end portion of 5 (ie, on the concave side of the curved portion). As the helical anchor device 5 is advanced from this position, it encircles the chord 32 so that the native mitral valve leaf 31 and chord 32 are formed by the helical anchor device 5 as shown below. It will be captured inside the rim.
The loop 42 at the end of the arm 43 routes the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 around the leaflet 31 and above the cord 32 to a preferred position below the natural mitral valve annulus 34. This particular arm 43 may have two functions: the function of attaching the prosthetic valve 4 to the leaflet edge and the function of guiding the delivery of the helical anchor device 5. The loop 42 can be large enough to allow the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 to pivot or pivot when the system is deployed.
Preferably, the helical anchor device 5 is delivered in a plane that is nearly parallel to the lower surface of the natural mitral valve 3. Also, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 is directed or oriented on this surface by the loop 42. In one embodiment, the loop 42 may comprise a short tube that biases the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 in a preferred plane and orientation. Alternatively, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 can be steerable. A number of steerable catheters are known and available in the art.
In further embodiments, devices other than the loop 42 can direct the delivery of the helical anchor device 5. For example, a stent frame cell that forms part of the prosthetic mitral valve 4 may perform the same function as the loop 42 shown herein. It is also possible to use hooks or tubes. Any structure capable of delivering the helical anchor device 5 around the natural leaflet 31 can be added to the prosthetic valve 4. This structure can be permanently built into the prosthetic valve 4 or is temporary. For example, a suture loop can be used to form the loop 42. The suture can then be withdrawn. In other embodiments, a prior mitral valve prosthesis having an arm or wing may be modified or modified using the loop 42 of the present prosthetic valve 4 to facilitate delivery of the helical anchor device 5.
The arms 43 of FIGS. 2C-2F can be very thin. Indeed, the arm 43 can be composed of two or three wires welded at the end 45 of the arm 43. These narrow ends 45 of the arm 43 allow the arm 43 to tendon at the rim having the free edge 33 of the mitral leaflet 31 so that the arm 43 can wrap around the leaflet 31. It becomes easy to pass between the cords 32. The cords 32 are tightly packed around several areas of the natural mitral valve 3 and the thin arms 43 make it easier for the arms 43 to pass between the chords 32. As the narrow portion of the arm 43 passes, the thicker portion of the arm 43 can move between the cords 32 by spreading the cords 32 apart. Thus, in some embodiments, the arm 43 is narrow at the tip 45 (or composed of a single wire or welded wire) and is more robust at the portion closer to the body of the prosthetic valve 4 (a stronger attachment) for). Further, the arm 43 can be shorter or longer than that shown in FIGS. 2C-2F.
Deployment of the helical anchor device 5 can be initiated at any location around the mitral valve annulus 34. For example, deployment of the helical anchor device 5 may begin in the middle of or adjacent to the leaflet 31. This is advantageous, for example, for an operator who does not have to accurately locate the natural mitral commissure to initiate an anchor device delivery procedure, thereby simplifying the procedure.
FIG. 2D shows a schematic enlarged view of the helical anchor device 5 being delivered below the native mitral valve leaf 31 in the mitral position. The arrow indicates the direction in which the helical anchor device 5 is deployed from the delivery catheter 11 below the natural mitral valve 3. Any number of windings can be delivered depending on the particular helical anchor device 5 used. The inner diameter of the helical anchor device 5 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the mitral prosthetic valve 4 which is preferentially fully expanded to facilitate engagement between the helical anchor device 5 and the artificial valve 4. It can be small.
The partially delivered prosthetic valve 4 can serve to center the delivery of the helical anchor device 5. It can also provide a stable platform for the delivery of the helical anchor device 5.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2E, the three windings of the helical anchor device 5 are arranged below the natural mitral valve 3. The natural mitral valve leaf 31 is positioned between the helical anchor device 5 and the prosthetic mitral valve 4, which is shown in FIG. 2E as being about to be expanded. When the prosthetic valve 4 is expanded, the helical anchor device 5 helps to position the prosthetic valve 4 firmly and seals the natural valve leaf 31 against the prosthetic valve 4 to surround the prosthetic valve 4. Prevent leakage. The reaction force between the helical anchor device 5 and the prosthetic valve 4 assists in the positioning and stabilization of the prosthetic valve 4.
In FIG. 2E, the delivery catheter 10 has been omitted for simplicity. In practice, the prosthetic valve 4 will spring open in FIG. 2E when the delivery catheter 10 has been removed (the arrow indicates the direction in which the prosthetic valve 4 will normally spring open). . However, in FIG. 2E, the prosthetic valve 4 is still in the closed position to allow a clear view of the winding of the helical anchor device 5 below the natural mitral valve 3. In this embodiment, the prosthetic valve 4 further comprises an expandable atrial portion 46, which is from or near the second end of the valve frame 48 opposite the end from which the arm 43 extends. Extending or protruding at. The atrial portion 46 is configured to be held against or abutting against the wall of the left atrium 24 to help further stabilize the prosthetic valve 4 in the mitral position. The atrial portion 46 of the prosthetic valve 4 can be expanded to a size larger than the mitral valve annulus 34, such as to limit movement of the prosthetic valve 4 into the left ventricle 25.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2E, there are three winding helical anchor devices 5, but any number of windings can be used. These windings rest against the mitral valve annulus 34 and the lower surface of the leaflet 31 to provide a solid support for securing the helical anchor device 5 in place and the left ventricle 25. Prevents the prosthetic valve 4 from moving into the left atrium 24 as it contracts. As the arm 43 wraps around the helical anchor device 5, the entire structure is stabilized in place.
The use of a helical anchor device that can optionally be delivered at the same time as the prosthetic valve provides a significant amount of choice to the interventionist. For example, some embodiments of the prosthetic valve 4 can be re-sheathed into the delivery catheter 10, i.e., reinserted, so that the prosthetic valve 4 is partially advanced during the procedure to test its suitability. Make it possible. If the operator is not satisfied with the positioning before the final release of the prosthetic valve 4, the prosthetic valve 4 can be pulled back into the delivery catheter 10.
In some uses, the prosthetic valve 4 can be positioned without first placing the helical anchor device 5 in place. If the fixation of the prosthetic valve 4 appears strong and stable and there are no signs of movement or leakage, the prosthetic valve 4 can be released without using the helical anchor device 5. On the other hand, if the operator is not satisfied with, for example, the position or stability of the prosthetic valve 4 in the mitral position without the helical anchor device 5, the prosthetic valve 4 is pulled back into the delivery catheter 10. obtain. In this case, the helical anchor device 5 is initially placed and the prosthetic valve 4 can be positioned and expanded therein. This allows the user to make decisions regarding the clinical need for further fixation of the helical anchor device 5 based on each individual procedure.
In FIG. 2F, the fully implanted prosthetic valve 4 is shown in the mitral position. The arm 43 is wrapped around the natural mitral valve leaf 31 and prevents the prosthetic valve 4 from moving upward into the left atrium 24. The natural mitral valve leaf 31 is pressed tightly below the arm 43, and a hard mechanical structure is formed to prevent the prosthetic valve 4 from moving.
The windings of the helical anchor device 5 also press the body of the prosthetic valve 4 to position and orient the prosthetic valve 4 and prevent its movement. The helical anchor device 5 realizes frictional attachment of the artificial valve 4 body to the natural mitral valve leaf 31 and plays a role of fixing the arm 43 wound around the helical anchor device 5.
The upper atrial portion 46 of the prosthetic mitral valve 4 is shown having a wider area that rests inside the left atrium 24 to facilitate attachment or abutment against the wall of the left atrium 24. However, the force or pressure that tends to urge the prosthetic mitral valve 4 from the left atrium 24 into the left ventricle 25 is low, so the atrial portion 46 may not be necessary, and according to some embodiments It can be removed or reduced from the clinical prosthesis.
The windings of the helical anchor device 5 help overcome the variations in the length of the patient's leaflets 31, the lengths of the chords 32, and the attachment points of the chords 32 in the left ventricle 25. To do. When a prosthetic mitral valve having an arm 43 that wraps around the leaflet 31 is used without a helix or anchor that circles below the leaflet 31, the anchoring depth or robustness of the prosthetic mitral valve is It may vary around the periphery of the implanted mitral valve. For example, when the chord 24 attached to the middle part of the posterior leaflet 31 is very extended or broken (common situation), the arm 43 is placed around the leaflet 31 at this position. It may be impossible to wrap around and engage. Alternatively, the engagement between one of the arms 43 and the leaflet 31 may be very limited, which causes the arm 43 to be moved or mounted to a much higher surface that is closer to the annulus 34. Will be placed. If any of these occur, the portion of the prosthetic valve in which it occurs will be placed higher or closer to the natural mitral valve 3, thereby reducing the inclination of the prosthetic valve. May result in the prosthetic valve being positioned at an angle with respect to the inflow surface of the valve. When the heart beats, a large load is applied to the prosthetic valve, and the prosthetic valve may start to swing and displace. The heart beats about 100,000 million times a day, and after days, weeks, or months, the prosthetic valve may move, move, and dislodge. Also, if the leaflets 31 or cords 32 are very extended, there may be no point of contact with the arm and an effective seal around the implant may not be formed. This can result in a large amount of perivalvular leakage due to the lack of engagement of the prosthetic valve with the natural mitral leaflet 31. The helical anchor device 5 below the leaflets 31 may press the leaflet tissue against the prosthetic valve and prevent this problem. The helical anchor device 5 can be placed in one plane to prevent problems related to variations in patient anatomy.
In clinical practice, the variations in leaflet 31 size, leaflet 31 characteristics, cord length and cord 32 attachment, and mitral valve annulus 34 diameter are virtually infinite. The use of the helical anchor device 5 below the leaflet 31 offsets many of these variables because the fixing point of the arm 43 can be moved to the lowest winding of the helical anchor device 5. This position is predetermined by matching the winding point of the arm 43 to the lowermost part of the prosthetic valve 4 by selecting the number of windings of the helical anchor device 5 and the thickness of the helical anchor device 5. Also good.
Thus, the helical anchor device 5 can form a common and predetermined surface for securing the arm 43 of the prosthetic mitral valve 4. In the situation described above, where some of the cords 32 have been stretched and contact between the prosthetic valve 4 may be loose for other reasons or may not be firmly secured without using the helical anchor device 5, The attachment of the mitral valve 4 in this region can alternatively be to the helical anchor device 5. This forms a common plane for the lowest point of the artificial mitral valve 4.
Thus, more winding helical anchor devices 5 can be added to ensure that the arm 43 of the prosthetic valve 4 is secured to the common bottom surface over its entire circumference. In some embodiments, the helical anchor device 5 can be made thicker. In some embodiments, undulations or undulations may be added to the windings of the helical anchor device 5 to extend the height of the helical anchor device 5.
Accordingly, the helical anchor device 5 improves the stability of the prosthetic valve 4 by providing a fixing point for the arm 43 of the prosthetic valve 4 to wrap around, and at the same time the helical anchor device 5 has its length. It becomes possible to capture the outer peripheral part of the trunk part of the artificial valve 4 along the line. The combination of these features brings great stability to the artificial valve 4. The combination of these features also seals the natural mitral valve 3 against the prosthetic valve 4 to prevent peri-valve regurgitation.
In addition, the patient's natural mitral valve (ie, the leaflet 31, the annulus 34, and the cord 32) are of all types and combinations. It is impractical for manufacturers to make anchor arms 31 of varying lengths and depths and for operators to optimally deliver these products to a fixed position inside the patient. Rather, by adjusting the helical anchor device 5 below the artificial valve 4 and using this helical anchor device 5 to form the bottom surface to which the arm 43 is fixed, adjustments are made to these variations. It can be more practical.
3A-3B show the end of a delivery catheter 10 to which a prosthetic valve 4 'is being delivered according to a second embodiment. For the sake of clarity, the structure of the heart 2 is omitted in these drawings.
In the embodiment described above, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 that delivers the helical anchor device 5 below the natural mitral valve leaflet 31 is separate from the prosthetic device 4. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3A-3B, the helical anchor delivery catheter is incorporated into the prosthetic valve 4 'as a modified arm 43'. The prosthetic valve 4 ′ includes a modified arm 43 ′ that wraps around one of the mitral valve leaflets 31, similar to the other arms 43. In this case, the modified arm 43 'is a hollow tube that can be loaded with the helical anchor device 5 and sized so that the helical anchor device can be advanced therethrough. The modified arm 43 ′ is angled with respect to the bend 47 and the rest of the arm 43 ′ such that the distal portion of the arm 43 ′ extends circumferentially around the prosthetic valve 4 ′. A rear end portion. Thus, the opening of the hollow tube is oriented circumferentially around the prosthetic valve 4 ′, thereby helping to orient the helical anchor device 5 around the natural mitral valve leaf 31 and cord 32. However, any structure of the modified arm 43 ′ of the prosthetic valve 4 ′ or any part of the prosthetic valve 4 ′ that can guide the helical anchor device 5 sends the helical anchor device 5 to the correct position. Can be sufficient. As the modified arm 43 'wraps around one of the mitral leaflets 31, the helical anchor device 5 is transported to the correct position and to the correct surface for delivery. The modified arm 43 'can be preformed and made from a shape memory material such as Nitinol.
FIG. 3B shows a nearly complete turn of the helical anchor device 5 extending from the tubular arm 43 '. As described above, the helical anchor device 5 may complete multiple windings below or around the natural mitral valve leaflet 31. As shown in this embodiment, the prosthetic mitral valve carries the helical anchor device 5 without the need for a separate helical anchor delivery catheter positioned below or around the natural mitral valve leaflet 31. Can be modified.
4A-4B show enlarged perspective views of the ends of the delivery catheter 10 and the adjacent helical anchor delivery catheter 11 ''.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A-1B, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 is positioned within the prosthetic mitral valve 4 within the catheter 10. However, in this embodiment, the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 "and the prosthetic valve 4" are delivered side by side. As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4B, the artificial valve 4 can be configured similarly to the artificial valve 4 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1A to 1B. The helical anchor delivery catheter 11 "is positioned outside the delivery catheter 10 that instead delivers a prosthetic mitral valve 4". The helical anchor delivery catheter 11 "passes through one loop 42 in the arm 43 of the prosthetic mitral valve 4". The arrow next to the helical anchor device 5 indicates the direction in which the helical anchor device 5 is being delivered from the end of the helical delivery catheter 11 ''.
FIG. 4B shows the helical anchor device 5 extending further from the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 ″. The end of the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 ″ is still located in the loop 42 at one end of the arm 43, and the almost complete one turn of the helical anchor device 5 has been delivered.
FIG. 4C shows an enlarged perspective view of the helical anchor device 5 and prosthetic valve 4 ″ of FIGS. 4A-4B after being delivered from the helical anchor delivery catheter 11 ″ and the delivery catheter 10, respectively.
In FIG. 4C, about three turns of the helical anchor device 5 have been delivered below the schematically illustrated face 35 of the natural mitral valve 3. However, any number of turns of helical anchor device 5 may be provided to provide support for the prosthetic valve 4 ''. The helical anchor delivery catheter 11 '' has been removed for simplicity in FIG. 4C. Also, the delivery catheter 10 that delivers the prosthetic valve 4 '' has been removed. As discussed above in connection with FIG. 2E, the body of the prosthetic valve 4 '' will open in a generally springy manner when the delivery catheter 10 is removed. However, for purposes of illustration, the prosthetic valve 4 "is shown in the proximal position in Figure 4C to more clearly visualize the helical anchor device 5 and the prosthetic valve 4".
Various other modifications and alternative configurations may be employed for prosthetic valves, helical anchors, and / or deployment systems according to the above-described embodiments of the present invention. For example, any modified valve prosthesis can alternatively be configured that can facilitate the controllable deployment of the helical anchor by a portion of the prosthesis associated with either the helical anchor itself or a catheter for delivering the helical anchor. May be. This linkage feature may be embodied in the arm of the valve prosthesis as described in some of the embodiments described above, or may be a feature located on another part of the valve prosthesis. In connection with the helical anchor, the number of coils can be further varied based on, for example, the characteristics of the natural mitral valve and / or the desired positioning of the valve prosthesis. Also, various other coil shapes, lengths, configurations and modifications can be employed based on a wide range of consideration requirements.
In this description, certain aspects, advantages, and novel features of embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein. The disclosed methods, apparatus, and systems should not be construed as limiting in any way. Rather, the present disclosure is directed to all novel and non-obvious features and aspects of the various disclosed embodiments, alone and in various combinations and subcombinations with each other. These methods, apparatus, and systems are not limited to any particular aspect or feature, or combination thereof, and the disclosed embodiments may have one or more particular advantages or may solve the problem Is not necessarily required.
Although some operations of the disclosed embodiments are described in a specific sequential order for the purpose of convenient presentation, this description format is not required in a specific order due to the specific language shown below. To the extent it should be understood that it encompasses reconstruction. For example, the operations described in succession may be reconfigured or performed simultaneously in some cases. Further, for simplicity, the attached drawings may not show various ways in which the disclosed method can be utilized in combination with other methods. Further, this description sometimes uses terms such as “provide” or “implement” to describe the disclosed methods. These terms are a high level abstraction of the actual operations performed. The actual operation corresponding to these terms may vary depending on the particular implementation and is readily recognizable to those skilled in the art.
In view of the many possible embodiments to which the principles of the present disclosure may be applied, it is recognized that the exemplary embodiments are merely preferred examples and are not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. I want. Rather, the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Catheter 2 Heart 3 Natural mitral valve 4 Artificial valve 4 'Artificial valve 4''Artificial valve 5 Helical anchor device 10 Delivery catheter 11 Helical anchor delivery catheter 11''Spiral anchor delivery catheter 12 Tip part 21 Inferior vena cava 22 right atrium 23 atrial septum 24 left atrium 25 left ventricle 26 superior vena cava 27 left heart 31 natural leaflet 32 chord 33 free edge 34 natural mitral valve annulus 35 face 41 artificial leaflet 42 loop 43 arm 43 'arm 45 Tip 46 Expandable atrial segment 47 Bend 48 Valve frame 100 Delivery system
A mitral valve prosthesis configured to be implanted in a natural mitral valve of the heart,
A plurality of arms respectively connected to the valve frame at or near the first end of the valve frame;
A first arm of the plurality of arms has a shape that is different from a shape of each of the other arms, and the first arm is configured to guide an anchor device around the valve frame. Mitral valve prosthesis.
The mitral valve prosthesis of claim 1, wherein a loop is formed at an end of the first arm and sized to allow the anchor device to pass therethrough.
The mitral valve prosthesis of claim 2, wherein the end of the first arm is bent to form the loop.
4. The mitral valve prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first arm comprises a hollow tube sized to allow the anchor device to pass therethrough.
The mitral valve prosthesis according to claim 4, wherein the hollow tube extends from a connection portion of the valve frame to an opposite end of the first arm.
6. The mitral valve prosthesis of claim 4 or 5, wherein the end of the first arm is bent so that a portion of the hollow tube extends circumferentially around the valve frame.
The mitral valve prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first arm has a structure that is heavier than each of the other arms.
8. When the valve frame is in an expanded configuration, at least one of the arms has a section that is curved, axially aligned and positioned radially outward of the valve frame. The mitral valve prosthesis according to any one of the above.
9. The mitral valve prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an anchor device comprising a coil defining an interior space for holding the valve frame.
A first end mounted on the valve frame, and when the valve frame is in an expanded configuration, the valve frame extends more radially from the central axis than from the central axis of the valve frame; A first arm having a second end configured to:
An anchor device comprising a coil defining an inner space,
The mitral valve prosthesis, wherein the valve frame is retained by the anchor device when in the expanded configuration within the inner space of the coil.
The mitral valve prosthesis of claim 10, wherein the first arm is configured to guide the anchor device around the valve frame.
The mitral valve prosthesis of claim 11, wherein the first arm comprises a loop and the anchor device is configured to pass through the loop.
13. A mitral valve prosthesis according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the first arm comprises a hollow tube configured to hold the anchor device such that the anchor device can be passed therethrough.
The mitral valve prosthesis according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a second arm coupled to the valve frame and having a shape different from the shape of the first arm.
A mitral valve prosthesis comprising: a valve frame configured to expand from a first folded configuration to a second expanded configuration; an arm coupled to the valve frame; and an anchor device comprising a coil. A method for delivering to a mitral valve,
Positioning a catheter on the natural mitral valve;
Advancing the first end of the arm and the valve frame out of the catheter and into the left ventricle of the heart;
Advancing the anchor device out of the catheter and around the leaflets and chords of the natural mitral valve into the left ventricle, the anchor device advancing the anchor device; Being guided by at least a portion of the arm during,
Advancing the remaining portion of the valve frame out of the catheter, the valve frame being expanded and held in an interior space defined by the coil of the anchor device;
The method of claim 15, wherein the anchor device is guided through at least a portion of the arm during the step of advancing the anchor device.
The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein the mitral valve prosthesis comprises a plurality of arms coupled to the valve frame at or near the first end.
The method of claim 17, wherein the plurality of arms are configured to extend around the leaflets of the natural mitral valve.
The method of claim 18, wherein the anchor device is configured to be positioned between the arm and the valve frame in a radial direction relative to a central axis of the valve frame.
20. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the anchor device forms a common surface for supporting the plurality of arms.
JP2016553417A 2014-02-21 2015-02-20 Devices, systems, and methods for delivering prosthetic mitral valves and anchor devices Pending JP2017506119A (en)
JP2017506119A true JP2017506119A (en) 2017-03-02
JP2016553417A Pending JP2017506119A (en) 2014-02-21 2015-02-20 Devices, systems, and methods for delivering prosthetic mitral valves and anchor devices