Source: http://laserpointersafety.com/rules-general/uslaws/uslaws.html
Timestamp: 2017-09-20 18:28:31
Document Index: 704991435

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 315', 'Art. 24', '§ 2', '§336', '§71', '§ 5', '§ 18', '§ 1', '§ 2', '§ 3', '§ 4', '§ 6', '§ 13', '§ 5', '§ 5', '§ 5', '§ 417', '§ 417', '§ 417', '§ 501', '§ 784', '§ 136', '§ 136', '§ 136', '§ 136', '§ 136', '§ 459', '§ 37', '§ 1002', '§ 3', '§ 5', '§ 120', '§ 14', '§ 14', '§ 1992', '§ 39', '§ 42', '§ 76', '§ 18']

At the bottom of this page is a similar list that was published in early 2015; we present it as a research starting point. Also, this 1999 paper and this 1999 story may have some useful, if dated, information.
Please feel free to email us with any additional laws for this list.
U.S. NATIONAL LAWS
U.S.: Illegal to aim laser pointer beams at aircraft or their flight path; up to 5 years in prison and up to $250,000 fine
US: FAA civil penalties of up to $25,000
U.S. FDA/CDRH recommends aircraft/vehicle caution label
US: FDA proposes changes to Federal Laser Performance Standard
US: FDA proposes allowing only red laser pointers
US: (For reference) Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968
ARIZONA: Aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer or an occupied aircraft
CONNECTICUT: Limitation on sale and use of laser pointers
HAWAII: Illegal for under-18-year-olds to possess laser pointers
ILLINOIS: All Class 3B and 4 lasers must be registered
ILLINOIS, statewide: General requirements
ILLINOIS, county of Champaign: Possession and use
ILLINOIS, village of Westchester: City bans possession by minors
LOUISIANA, illegal to intentionally aim laser light at aircraft
LOUISIANA, city of Baton Rouge
MICHIGAN, state: Up to 5 years, $10,000 fine for aiming directed energy weapons including lasers at aircraft, moving trains
MISSOURI, city of Springfield: Restrictions on possession, use
NEVADA: Directing laser light with intent to interfere with an aircraft
NEW HAMPSHIRE: Illegal to shine a laser at an occupied aircraft, vehicle, window or at a person
NEW JERSEY: Oct. 2013 - Governor vetos bill to ban laser pointer sales over 1 mW
NEW YORK CITY: Laser pointer regulations
NEW YORK STATE: Illegal to aim a laser at an aircraft, or its flight path
OKLAHOMA: Laser Safety Act, $100 for first violation, $500 for second
OREGON: "Unlawful directing" of a laser pointer
SOUTH CAROLINA: Old North Myrtle Beach ordinance as of September 17 2012
SOUTH CAROLINA: New North Myrtle Beach ordinance of February 2013
WASHINGTON STATE: Unlawful discharge of a laser
WISCONSIN: Restrictions on the use of laser pointers
The most important law covering U.S. lasers is 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11. These cover laser products, and three uses of lasers (demonstrations, medical and surveying/alignment). The Food and Drug Administration's "Center for Devices and Radiological Health" issues regulations and reviews variances based on these laws. For more information, see the page at this website on U.S. regulatory agencies.
[The language below was signed into law by President Obama on February 14 2012. We are presenting it as it appears in the United States Code, which lists U.S. laws. The penalty for violating this law is up to 5 years in federal prison and/or up to a $250,000 fine.]
LEGISLATIVE STATUS AND HISTORY
112th Congress, 2011-2012 HR 386. Introduced January 20 2011. See this page for updates. Passed as Section 311 of H.R. 658, the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, signed into law by the President on February 14 2012.
111th Congress, 2009-2010 HR 5810. Passed by the House of Representatives July 27 2010. Sent to the Senate Judiciary Committee. Died in committee.
110th Congress, 2007-2008 HR 1615. Passed by the House May 22 2007. Was not voted on by the Senate
109th Congress, 2005-2006 HR 1400. Passed by the House Dec. 8 2005. Passed by the Senate Dec. 22 2005. No House-Senate conference, expired before it could be sent to the President
On June 1 2011, Federal Aviation Administration lawyers issued a memo stating that the agency can impose civil penalties on persons who aim laser pointers at an aircraft. The advice is based on interpreting an existing provision, 14 CFR 91.11, prohibiting interference with a crewmember of an aircraft. Details about 14 CFR 91.11 and the memo are here.
On July 15 2016, President Obama signed into law a bill which increased the FAA’s laser interference civil penalty to $25,000; it was previously $11,000. More information on the bill is here.
In December 2012, the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health began recommending labeling with the following, or similar, language: “CAUTION - LASER LIGHT IS BRIGHT AND BLINDING - DO NOT SHINE AT AIRCRAFT OR VEHICLES AT ANY DISTANCE.” This label is a recommendation only, and is not a requirement, because FDA does not have statutory authority over non-health hazards such as distraction or temporary flash blindness. The recommendation is being provided to manufacturers of Surveying, Leveling and Alignment lasers, which in FDA's opinion includes laser pointers and handheld lasers.
On October 25 2016, the Food and Drug Administration proposed sweeping changes to U.S. federal laser pointer laws. Their intent is to designate all laser pointers that are not red as “defective.” This designation would prohibit U.S. sales of green, blue and other non-red pointers and would make it easier for FDA to control and seize imports of such lasers.
For a detailed description of the proposal, and FDA’s rationale behind this move, see our October 26 2016 news story.
The Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 and the Medical Device Regulation Act (Amendments) of 1976 give the Food and Drug Administration its authority over laser products. For most persons involved with lasers and FDA, they would only need to deal with the current regulations (21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11 being the most prominent). The link to the RCHSA is provided for historical and background purposes.
Note: This law originally only covered aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer. A January 2014 House bill amended this to include aiming at an occupied aircraft. The bill was signed into law on April 30 2014.
Section 13-1213 Aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer or an occupied aircraft; classification; definition
A. A person commits aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer if the person intentionally or knowingly directs the beam of light from a laser pointer or laser emitting device at another person and the person knows or reasonably should know that the other person is a peace officer.
B. A person commits aiming a laser pointer at an occupied aircraft if the person intentionally or knowingly directs the beam of light from a laser pointer or laser emitting device at an aircraft and the person knows or reasonably should know that the aircraft is occupied.
C. Aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer is a class 1 misdemeanor.
D. Aiming a laser pointer at an occupied aircraft is a class 1 misdemeanor. If the act renders the pilot unable to safely operate the aircraft or causes serious physical injury to any person on board the aircraft it is an assault pursuant to this chapter.
1. "Aircraft" means any vehicle that is designed for flight in the air by buoyancy or by the dynamic action of air on the vehicle's surfaces, including powered airplanes, gliders and helicopters.
2. "Laser pointer or laser emitting device" means any device that is designed or used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission that emits a beam designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark or identify a specific position, place, item or object.
The following appear to be enacted laws in Arkansas. This is a summary; the exact language will be in the Act.
Act 1271 (HB1314) - The act makes it unlawful to shine a laser light beam on a law enforcement officer and makes it a Class A misdemeanor.
Act 1408 (HB2192) - The act prohibits persons under the age of 18 years from possessing a hand-held laser pointer without the supervision of a parent, guardian or teacher and allows for the confiscation of the hand-held laser pointer by law enforcement officers.
Act 382 (HB1343) - The act prohibits the sale of hand-held laser pointers to minors and makes the offense punishable by a fine of $100.
California Penal Code Sections 247.5, 248, 417.25, 417.26 and 417.27.
Any person who willfully and maliciously discharges a laser at an aircraft, whether in motion or in flight, while occupied, is guilty of a violation of this section, which shall be punishable as either a misdemeanor by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year or by a fine of one thousand dollars ($1,000), or a felony by imprisonment in the state prison for 16 months, two years, or three years, or by a fine of two thousand dollars ($2,000). This section does not apply to the conduct of laser development activity by or on behalf of the United States Armed Forces.
Section 417.25
Section 417.26
Section 417.27
Connecticut General Statutes 53-206e
Limitation on sale and use of laser pointer
On May 10 1999, the city commission of Leesburg (Lake County) Florida passed a law making it a misdemeanor to directly or indirectly shine a laser on another person to harass them.
Police had numerous incidents of lasers being shined on them. Doing so simulates a laser-guided firearm.
The May 13 1999 Orlando Sentinel story noted that "[w]hile cities and counties in Florida and other states have adopted similar laws in the past two years [1997-1999], Leesburg is thought to be the first in Lake County."
The proposed bill would 1) amend Article 2 of Chapter 10 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated to establish the offense of unlawful pointing of a laser device at a law enforcement officer, and 2) amend Chapter 11 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated to prohibit aiming a laser pointer or projecting a laser on or at an aircraft or the flight path of an aircraft. The legislative history of the bill is at the Georgia General Assembly website.
Below is the text of the House version.
Article 2 of Chapter 10 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to obstruction of public administration and related offenses, is amended by adding a new Code section to read as follows:
"16-10-34.
(a) For purposes of this Code section, the term 'laser device' means a device designed to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission that emits a beam designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark, or identify a specific position, place, item, or object. Such term also means a device that projects a beam or point of light by means of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or other means or that emits light which simulates the appearance of a beam of light.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly and intentionally project upon a law enforcement officer any laser device without such officer's permission if:
(1) The law enforcement officer is lawfully acting within the course and scope of employment; and
(2) The person has knowledge or reason to know that the law enforcement officer is employed as:
(A) A peace officer as defined in paragraph (8) of Code Section 35-8-2;
(B) A probation officer, or other employee with the power of arrest, by the Department of Corrections;
(C) A parole supervisor, or other employee with the power of arrest, by the State Board of Pardons and Paroles;
(D) A jail officer or guard by a county or municipality and has the responsibility of supervising inmates who are confined in a county or municipal jail or other detention facility; or
(E) A juvenile correctional officer by the Department of Juvenile Justice and has the primary responsibility for the supervision and control of youth confined in such department's programs and facilities.
(c) Any person who violates subsection (b) of this Code section shall be guilty of a high and aggravated misdemeanor.
￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼(d) It shall not be a defense to a prosecution for a violation of this Code section that the laser device was pointed at such officer through a glass, window, or other transparent or translucent object.
(e) Each violation of this Code section shall constitute a separate offense. A sentence imposed under this Code section may be imposed separately from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any other offense related to the act or acts establishing the offense under this Code section."
Chapter 11 of Title 16 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to offenses against public order and safety, is amended by adding a new Code section to read as follows:
"16-11-45.
(1) 'Laser' means any device that projects a beam or point of light by means of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or a device that emits light which simulates the appearance of a laser.
(2) 'Laser pointer' means any device designed or used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission that emits a beam designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark, or identify a specific position, place, item, or object.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c) of this Code section, whoever knowingly and intentionally aims the beam of a laser pointer, or projects a laser, at an aircraft or at the flight path of an aircraft shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
(c) Laser or laser pointer airspace uses that have been reviewed and approved by the Federal Aviation Administration are exempt from the provisions of this Code section."
This Act shall become effective on July 1, 2012, and shall apply to offenses committed on or after such date.
Hawaii Revised Statues, Chapter 136
136-1: Definitions
As used in this chapter, “laser pointing device” means any hand-held laser device, which is not designed as a sighting device for a weapon nor for use in a medical procedure. This term includes the commercially-available device, which is commonly known as a “laser pen” or “laser pointer”.
136-2: Harassment; prohibited
No person eighteen years of age or over shall intentionally focus, point, or shine a laser pointing device directly or indirectly into the eye or eyes of another person, or upon another person or animal, in such a manner as would reasonably be expected to annoy, harass, or alarm the person or animal.
136-3: Sale to minors; prohibited
It shall be unlawful to sell or furnish a laser pointing device to any minor.
136-4: Possession of laser pointing devices by minors prohibited
It shall be unlawful for any minor to possess a laser pointing device.
136-5: Exemptions
Sections 136-3 and 136-4 shall not apply to any hand-held laser devices used in a recreational activity commonly referred to as “laser tag”, and which activity is offered for a fee by an amusement or recreation facility, provided that the devices shall be collected by the operator of the facility following their use.
136-6: Penalties
(a) Any violation of section 136-2 is punishable by a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $500 or imprisonment for a definite term to be fixed by the court not to exceed thirty days, or both.
(b) Any violation of section 136-3 or 136-4 is punishable by a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $500.
From LawServer.com
Part 315: Standards for Protection Against Laser Radiation
The laser regulations are available as a PDF here.
Under section 315:60, Class 3B and 4 lasers must be registered with the State of Illinois. This includes lasers brought from out-of-state into Illinois (registration must be done 10 days in advance of the laser's use in Illinois).
Although Section 315.190 states that "Each laser installation required to be registered pursuant to this Act and this Part shall pay an annual registration fee of $50", other sources state that the registration form does not require payment. Check with IEMA to find out their current policy.
Also, the Agency must be notified at least 10 working days in advance of any laser light show.
In January 2011, Illinois state representative Dave Winters (Rep. - Shirland) introduced HB0167, which amends the state criminal code to make “discharging a laser into the cockpit of an aircraft” a Class A misdemeanor. Winters is a pilot who wants to give state police jurisdiction over the crime.
HB0167 is similar to HR 387, a bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2011. One difference is that the Illinois state bill criminalizes using any “laser” that illuminates a cockpit, while the federal bill only applies to “laser pointers”. Another difference is that HB0167 contains two of the three exceptions in HR 387. While it provides an exemption for R&D and flight tests, and for the Defense and Homeland Security Departments, it does not provide any exemption for lasers used to signal in emergency rescue situations.
The bill was signed by the Governor on July 21 2011. It became effective January 1 2012.
The bill's legislative history and other information is available from the Illinois General Assembly. Here is the full text:
HB0167 Enrolled	LRB097 02893 RLC 42917 b
N ACT concerning criminal law.
Section 5. The Criminal Code of 1961 is amended by changing the heading of Article 24.6 and Section 24.6-5 and by adding Section 24.6-25 as follows:
(720 ILCS 5/Art. 24.6 heading)
(720 ILCS 5/24.6-5)
Sec. 24.6-5. Definitions. In this Article:
"Laser pointer" means a hand-held device that emits light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye.
"Laser sight" means a laser pointer that can be attached to a firearm and can be used to improve the accuracy of the firearm.
(Source: P.A. 91-252, eff. 1-1-00.)
(720 ILCS 5/24.6-25 new)
Sec. 24.6-25. Discharging a laser at an aircraft.
(a) A person commits discharging a laser at an aircraft when he or she intentionally or knowingly aims and discharges a laser or other device that creates visible light into the cockpit of an aircraft that is in the process of taking off, landing, or is in flight.
(b) Exceptions. This Section does not apply to the following individuals who aim and discharge a laser or other device at an aircraft:
(c) Sentence. Discharging a laser at an aircraft is a Class A misdemeanor.
See this link for Illinois law about lasers in general. In this section, there does not appear to be anything specifically addressing laser pointer misuse or aircraft illumination.
This 1999 ordinance is interesting because it starts with a series of reasons for controlling laser pointers.
WHEREAS, laser pointers were developed for use in the educational and business community, and outside these contexts, serve no useful purpose in the hands of a minor;
WHEREAS, laser beams emitted by laser pointers if directed on an eye for several seconds can cause retinal damage;
WHEREAS, laser pointers are being used by individuals in such a manner as to harass, annoy and potentially cause bodily harm to those at whom they are directed; .
WHEREAS, aiming laser pointers at motorists may affect their ability to drive safely;
WHEREAS, the resemblance of the red dot emitted by laser pointers to that emitted by the laser sights of firearms creates a safety issue for law enforcement otfficers and others; and
WHEREAS, the Champaign County Sheriff s Office has received complaints regarding the use of laser pointers, and at least one officer has needed medical treatment because the laser beam from a laser pointer was directed at his eye;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED AND ORDAINED by the Champaign County Board as follows:
Article 1:	GeneralProvisions
Section 1:	Title and Period of Effectiveness
This ordinance shall be known as the "Ordinance Governing the Possession and Use of Laser Pointers." This ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after its passage, unless repealed.
Unless otherwise stated, for the purposes of this ordinance, present tense includes future tense, singular includes the plural, and vice versa, and the following words shall have the meaning herein indicated.
Section 3:	Definitions
LASER POINTER is defined as any hand-held device, which emits light, amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation, which is visible to the human eye.
SCHOOL PROPERTY is defined as the buildings or grounds of any public elementary, secondary, or post-secondary school.
If any court of competent jurisdiction shall declare any part of this ordinance to be invalid, such ruling shall not affect any other provision of this ordinance.
Article 2: Possessionof Laser Pointers by Minors
No person under the age of eighteen(18) years shall possess a laser pointer while on public property. Nothing contained in this section shall be deemed to prohibit possession of a laser pointer on school property by a student when such possession is pursuant to a legitimate educational purpose.
Article 3: Unlawful Use of Laser Pointer
Section 1. Use of laser pointer to alarm or disturb prohibited.
It shall be unlawful for any person to focus, point or shine a laser pointer on another person or in the immediate vicinity of such person, in such a manner as to alarm or disturb such person.
Section 2. Use of laser pointer to simulate the laser sight of a firearm prohibited.
It shall be unlawful for any person to focus, point or shinea laser pointer on another person or in the immediate vicinity of such person, in such a manner as to simulate the laser sight of a firearm.
Article 4: Penalty
Any violation of this ordinance shall be deemed a petty offense and shall be punishable by a fine not exceeding $500.
The village of Westchester, Illinois is a western suburb of Chicago, population 16,824 as of 2000. The village of Chicago Ridge has a similar ordinance, which can be found here.
Title 7 PUBLIC PEACE, SAFETY AND MORALS
Chapter 7.100 LASER POINTERS
7.100.010 Prohibited acts.
It is unlawful for any person less than eighteen years of age to have in his or her possession at any private or public place, except as provided herein, a laser pointer of the following type:
(1) A helium neon (HeNe) laser which typically operates at a wavelength of 6.32.8 nMe with the mandated power limit of 5mW of power. Said lasers are considered Class 2 lasers with the potential for eye injury; and
(2) A diode laser which typically operates at a wavelength of 670 nMe (although others are possible) with a power source providing 5mW. Said lasers are considered Class 3a lasers, with the potential for eye injury. (Ord. 99-1499 Art. I (part), 1999)
7.100.020 Transfer or sale to minor.
No person, firm or corporation shall sell to or provide a minor with a Class 2 or Class 3A laser pointer as described in this chapter unless the minor is accompanied by a parent or legal guardian at the time of purchase and transfer. No minor shall, at the time of purchase of such laser pointer, furnish fraudulent evidence of majority. No minor shall, except while accompanied by a parent or legal guardian, possess a Class 2 or Class 3a laser pointer as described in this chapter on any public property or any private property and with the express permission of the lawful owner or manager of the private property. Also provided, however, that the possession by a person under the age of eighteen years, under the direct supervision of the parent or guardian of such person in the privacy of the parent’s or guardian’s home, shall not be prohibited. (Ord. 99-1499 Art. I (part), 1999)
7.100.030 Violation--Penalty.
Any person found guilty of an offense of this chapter shall be subject to a fine of not less than one hundred dollars or more than seven hundred fifty dollars including, but not limited to, confiscation and destruction of said laser pointer and/or any other penalties set forth by state law. (Ord. 03-1606 § 2 (part), 2003; Ord. 99-1499 Art. I (part), 1999)
7.100.040 Liability of parent or legal guardian.
The parent or legal guardian of an unemancipated minor defendant who resides with such parent or legal guardian shall be subject to those liabilities as enumerated in Section 7.100.030. (Ord. 99-1499 Art. I (part), 1999)
Title 35, Section 35-47-4.5
Chapter 4.5. Regulation of Laser Pointers
IC 35-47-4.5-1
Sec. 1. This chapter does not apply to the use of a laser pointer:
IC 35-47-4.5-2
"Laser pointer" defined
Sec. 2. As used in this chapter, "laser pointer" means a device that emits light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye.
IC 35-47-4.5-3
"Public safety officer" defined
(11) a town marshal;
(12) a deputy town marshal;
(13) a state educational institution police officer appointed under IC 21-39-4;
(14) a probation officer;
(15) a firefighter (as defined in IC 9-18-34-1);
(16) an emergency medical technician;
(17) a paramedic;
(18) a member of a consolidated law enforcement department established under IC 36-3-1-5.1; or
(19) a gaming control officer.
As added by P.L.70-2000, SEC.1. Amended by P.L.227-2005, SEC.11; P.L.170-2005, SEC.18; P.L.1-2006, SEC.536; P.L.2-2007, SEC.379; P.L.227-2007, SEC.69; P.L.3-2008, SEC.255.
IC 35-47-4.5-4
Directing laser pointer at public safety officer or state police motor carrier inspector
Sec. 4. A person who knowingly or intentionally directs light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye or any other electromagnetic radiation from a laser pointer at a public safety officer or a state police motor carrier inspector without the consent of the public safety officer or state police motor carrier inspector commits a Class B misdemeanor.
See this article about a bill introduced in March 2014, making it a crime to intentionally aim at an aircraft in Louisiana. Below is the text of the bill as of May 14 2014. The legislative history of the bill is here; this will also indicate if the bill passed both houses and was signed by the governor.
BY REPRESENTATIVES TERRY LANDRY, BADON, BROWN, GUILLORY, HODGES, HONORE, HOWARD, AND NORTON
CRIME: Creates the crime of unlawful aiming of a laser at an aircraft
To enact R.S. 14:336, relative to offenses against the public; to create the crime of unlawful
aiming of a laser at an aircraft; to provide for definitions; to provide for criminal
penalties; to provide for exceptions; and to provide for related matters. Be it enacted by the Legislature of Louisiana:
Section 1. R.S. 14:336 is hereby enacted to read as follows: §336. Unlawful aiming of a laser at an aircraft
A. "Unlawful aiming of a laser at an aircraft" is the intentional projection of a laser on or at an aircraft or at the flight path of an aircraft in the aircraft jurisdiction of the state of Louisiana.
"Laser" means any device that projects a beam or point of light by means of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or any device that emits light which simulates the appearance of a laser.
2	"Police officer" shall include commissioned police officers, sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, marshals, deputy marshals, correctional officers, constables, wildlife enforcement agents, and probation and parole officers.
C. The provisions of this Section shall not prohibit aiming of a laser at an aircraft by any of the following:
An authorized individual in the conduct of research and development or flight test operations conducted by an aircraft manufacturer, the Federal Aviation Administration, or any other person authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration to conduct research and development or flight test operations.
2	Members or employees of the U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, or police officers acting in the course and scope of their official duties for the purpose of research, development, operations, testing, or training.
3	A person using a laser emergency signaling device to send an emergency distress signal.
Whoever commits the crime of unlawful aiming of a laser at an aircraft shall be imprisoned with or without hard labor for not less than one year nor more than five years and shall be fined two thousand dollars.
2	On a conviction for a second or subsequent offense, the offender shall be imprisoned with or without hard labor for not less than two years nor more than ten years and shall be fined four thousand dollars.
This one seems rather broad; up to six months for aiming a laser at another person without their consent.
Ordinances City of Baton Rouge, Louisiana and East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana
Sec. 13:502. Use of laser pointers.
(a) It shall be unlawful to aim a laser pointer beam or light at another person without that person's consent.
(b) All laser pointers which are used in violation of this ordinance shall be confiscated. Upon conviction, the violator shall be fined up to five hundred ($500.00) dollars, or be imprisoned for up to six (6) months, or both.
The bill described below passed the House 139-0 on February 14 2013, and the Senate on April 5 2013. It was signed into law by Maryland’s governor on May 2 2013 and takes effect October 1 2013. A LaserPointerSafety.com story about the bill's passage is here. The bill's legislative history, including the full text, is here.
UPDATE March 27 2012: During committee markup, the language about "bodily injury", and the prohibitions against aiming at motor vehicles and vessels were removed. The new language says that it is a misdemeanor to "knowingly and willfully shine, point or focus the beam of a laser pointer on an individual operating an aircraft." (Changed text is underlined.) The revised bill passed the Maryland House March 22 by a vote of 136-0 and was sent to the Maryland Senate for their approval.
On May 19 2014, the town of Ocean City, MD passed emergency legislation, just days before the Memorial Day holiday weekend, banning laser pointers. Below in blue is the text of the legislation that passed. The gray text is part of the previous city code that remains unchanged by the May 19 action.
AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND CHAPTER 58, ENTITLED OFFENSES AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS, OF THE CODE OF THE TOWN OF OCEAN CITY, MARYLAND
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ENACTED AND ORDAINED BY THE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL OF OCEAN CITY THAT CHAPTER 58, ENTITLED OFFENSES AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS BE, AND IT IS HEREBY AMENDED BY REPEALING AND REENACTING SUBSECTION 58-31 (b)(3), (4), (5), BY REPEALING SUBSECTION 58-31 (b)(6) AND RECODIFYING SUBSECTION 58-31 (b)(7) AS SUBSECTION 58-31 (b)(6), AS FOLLOWS:
Sec. 58-31. Harassment by laser pointers.
(a) As used herein a laser pointer is a battery-powered portable handheld device that emits a narrow beam of ultraviolet, visible or infrared light due to stimulated emission.
(1) It is unlawful for any person to focus, or shine a laser pointer directly or indirectly onto another person or animal in any manner.
(2) It is unlawful for any person to shine a laser pointer directly or indirectly onto or from a balcony, porch, patio, deck or any other structure where a person or persons may gather or into any window or door, or into any vehicle on land, air or water, which includes but is not limited to cars, bicycles, scooters, buses, trams, planes, helicopters, boats, jet skis, motorcycles, Segways or wheelchairs, in any manner.
(3) It is unlawful for any person to shine a laser pointer onto the beach, boardwalk, public streets, sidewalks, public waters, or other public property; or from private property onto the beach, boardwalk, public streets, sidewalks, public waters or other public property; or from public property onto private property; or from private property onto another private property.
(4) It is unlawful to possess a laser pointer on the beach, boardwalk, public streets, sidewalks, public waters, or other public property, except that a laser point [sic] may be used as part of a power point presentation and/or within a meeting of any kind for educational or instructional purposes and said use shall not be a violation of this Section.
(5) It is unlawful to sell or otherwise transfer to another, a laser pointer.
(6) It is unlawful for a minor to possess a laser pointer.
Sworn police officers, fire marshals and firemen in the performance of their duties.
Any person found guilty of a violation of this division shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and be subject to a fine of up to $1,000.00 and/or imprisonment for up to ninety days.
INTRODUCED at a meeting of the City Council of Ocean City, Maryland held on May 19, 2014.
ADOPTED AND PASSED, as an emergency, by the required vote of the elected membership of the City Council and approved by the Mayor at its meeting held on May 19, 2014.
See this LaserPointerSafety.com news item for more information about Ocean City MD's emergency laser pointer legislation.
An ordinance to amend Chapter 71, entitled Peace and Good Order, of the code of the town of Ocean City, Maryland.
§71-14 Harassment by laser beams prohibited.
It shall be unlawful for any person to focus, point or shine a laser beam directly or indirectly on another person or animal in such a manner as to harass or annoy said person or animal, and any such person convicted thereof shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to a fine of not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500) or imprisonment for up to thirty (30) days or both.
Adopted and passed as an emergency ordinance July 20, 1998.
In 2011, this item, which has additional details, was published in The Dispatch:
Due to an increase in the use of laser pointers, the Ocean City [MD] Police Department this week is reminding residents and visitors of the town’s “harassment by laser pointer law.”
In 2012 the situation appeared to worsen. The Police Department issued another press release, which can be found here.
House Bill 4063 (S-1), signed by the Governor on May 9 2017, amended the Michigan Penal Code to prohibit a person from intentionally aiming a beam of directed energy emitted from a directed energy device at an aircraft or into the path of an aircraft or a moving train. A violation is a felony, punishable by up to five years' imprisonment and/or a maximum fine of $10,000.
-- An authorized individual in the conduct of research and development or flight test operations conducted by an aircraft manufacturer, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), or any other person authorized by the FAA to conduct research and development or flight test operations.
-- Members of the U.S. Department of Defense or the U.S Department of Homeland Security acting in an official capacity for the purpose of research, development, operations, testing, or training.
-- A person using a laser emergency signaling device to send an emergency distress signal.
"Directed energy device" means any device that emits highly focused energy and is capable of transferring that energy to a target to damage or interfere with its operation. The energy from a directed energy device includes the following forms of energy:
-- Sound, in sonic weapons and devices.
From the Michigan state legislative record for House Bill 4063 and the text added to the Michigan Penal Code
This 1998 ordinance gained national attention, as described here in a speech by the then-mayor. The speech also describes the incidents that led to this ordinance.
Ordinance No. 98-749
An ordinance to amend the Offenses Chapter (Chapter 14) of the code of the city of Dearborn by adding a new section 14-272, entitled, "Possession/Use of Laser Pointing Device"
Beginning August 1, 2009, a new Minnesota law (SF1408) makes it a gross misdemeanor when a person "knowingly aims and discharges a laser or other device that creates visible light into the cockpit of an aircraft that is in the process of taking off or landing or is in flight."
Rick Hansen, the South St. Paul state legislator who introduced the bill, said in a press release: “Before August 1 you could point an over-the-counter laser right into the cockpit of a moving plane, put people’s lives at risk, and never be prosecuted. It’s happened before in Minnesota, and it will happen again; unless we do something about it.”
The release also noted that "Currently federal law prohibits this dangerous behavior for larger airplanes, but the crime has been rarely prosecuted at the federal level. In an effort to prevent laser-induced aircraft accidents, the new statute gives Minnesota law enforcement officials the right to arrest and prosecute any person knowingly discharging a laser at an airplane."
An additional link, with a news story video on the new law, is from KSTP, Channel 5.
Incidentally, just three days after the law took effect a 17-year-old was facing possible charges after targeting a Minnesota state patrol helicopter. A news story from KARE, Channel 11 in Minneapolis-St. Paul reported that "state patrol pilots have logged at least four such incidents [in] the past two years.
A 1999 Springfield, Missouri ordinance makes certain uses and possession of laser pointers illegal. These include:
Shining a laser on any person, animal, vehicle, building or resident
Possession of a laser pointer by any person under the age of 18
Selling a laser pointer to any person under the age of 18
In an explanation accompanying Ordinance 4880, a number of reasons for the laser pointer restrictions were detailed. These included warnings by the FDA on December 18 1997, a Princeton University study warning about visual interference hazards to pilots and motor vehicle operators, and cases where police drew weapons in response to having a laser light on or near them.
There were also local reasons cited: “Battlefield Mall Security and Management approached the City about an ordinance restricting the use of laser lights after a mall security officer experienced sharp pain and temporarily blurred vision in his eye after being flashed. The Springfield Police Department supports such an ordinance, having received numerous complaints and inquiries concerning the improper use of laser pointers. One case involves a local law enforcement officer’s spouse who was verbally abused and ultimately terrorized when she saw a red dot in her car and assumed she was being targeted with a weapon. Another offense includes a three-car collision, where a young man pointed a laser light into the car ahead of him and startled the driver, causing him to slam on his brakes and create a pileup.”
A PDF file with the full text of the ordinance, including the accompanying explanation, is here.
NRS 202.585 Directing light emitted from laser device at aircraft with intent to interfere with operation of aircraft; penalty.
1. A person shall not willfully direct at an aircraft any light emitted from a laser device or other source which is capable of interfering with the vision of a person operating the aircraft with the intent to interfere with the operation of the aircraft.
2. A person who violates this section:
(a) If the violation does not result in injury to any person on the aircraft or damage to the aircraft, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
(b) If the violation results in injury to any person on the aircraft or damage to the aircraft or any equipment used to assist in the navigation or operation of the aircraft, is guilty of a category E felony and shall be punished as provided in NRS 193.130.
(a) “Aircraft” means any contrivance intended for and capable of transporting persons through airspace.
(b) “Laser device” means a device that uses the natural oscillations of atoms or molecules between energy levels for generating coherent electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared region of the spectrum and when discharged exceeds one milliwatt continuous wave.
New Hampshire House Bill 1599 was approved May 19 2016 and takes effect January 1 2017. The text is below:
AN ACT relative to shining a laser pointing device at an aircraft or vessel, or at another person.
92:1 Assault and Related Offenses; Conduct Involving Laser Pointing Devices. Amend RSA 631:3-a to read as follows:
631:3-a Conduct Involving Laser Pointing Devices.
I.(a) Any person who knowingly shines the beam of a laser pointing device at an occupied motor vehicle, vessel, or window, or at a person shall be guilty of a violation and the laser pointing device shall be seized and forfeited upon conviction.
(b) Any person who knowingly shines the beam of a laser pointing device at an occupied aircraft shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and the laser pointing device shall be seized and forfeited upon conviction.
II. Any person who knowingly shines the beam of a laser pointing device at a law enforcement officer or law enforcement vehicle shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor and the laser pointing device shall be seized and forfeited upon conviction.
III. It shall be an affirmative defense under this section if the laser pointing device was used in an organized meeting or training class by the instructor or speaker. Nothing in this section shall be construed so as to limit the use of medical lasers by qualified medical personnel, or construction lasers used by construction personnel in the course of their work, or laser devices utilized by law enforcement personnel in the performance of their official duties.
92:2 New Paragraph; New Hampshire Aeronautics Act; Prohibitions. Amend RSA 422:28 by inserting after paragraph XIII the following new paragraph:
XIV. For any person to purposely or knowingly shine the beam of a laser pointing device at an aircraft that is in flight or in the process of takeoff, landing, or taxiing.
92:3 New Paragraph; New Hampshire Aeronautics Act; Penalties. Amend RSA 422:29 by inserting after paragraph VIII the following new paragraph:
IX. Any person who violates the provisions of RSA 422:28, XIV shall be guilty of a class B felony.
92:4 Effective Date. This act shall take effect January 1, 2017.
See this LaserPointerSafety.com news item for more information about Ocean City NJ's laser pointer ordinance. Below is the full text:
AN ORDINANCE BANNING THE POSSESSION AND SALE OF LASER POINTERS IN OCEAN CITY
BE IT ORDAINED by the Mayor and Council of the City of Ocean City, County of Cape May, State of New Jersey, as follows:
Chapter IV, "Police Regulations," is hereby amended to include the following:
Purpose: Ocean City is a shore community surrounded by waters traversed by vessels of all types. Additionally, Ocean City has an airport frequented by planes and helicopters. Each year, Ocean City experiences incidents in which a vessel, plane or helicopter is illegally targeted with a laser pointer operated in Ocean City, and often purchased in Ocean City. The illegal use of laser pointers creates risks and dangers for those targeted by the beam of the laser, as well as for the citizens of Ocean City. Ocean City has a strong interest in banning the sale of these devices as a means of eliminating their illegal use.
4-40 Possession and Sale of Laser Pointers Prohibited
a. No person shall possess or offer to sell a laser pointer that exceeds one milliwatt in output power.
b. For the purposes of this section, "laser pointer" means any device that emits laser light to project a beam that may be used for aiming, targeting or pointing out features.
c. A person who violates this act shall be subject to a penalty of not more than $500 for the first offense and not more than $1,000 and/or imprisonment not to exceed thirty (30) days, in the [sic -- missing word?] for each subsequent offense.
This Ordinance shall take effect in the time and manner presecribed by law.
(signed by the Mayor and Council President)
The above Ordinance was passed by the Council of Ocean City, New Jersey, at a meeting of said Council held on 23rd day ofJune, 2011 and was taken up for a second reading and final Passage at a meeting of said Council held on the 14th day of July, 201l in Council Chambers, City Hall, Ocean City, New Jersey at 7:00 o'clock in the evening.
(signed by the City Clerk)
On October 17 2013, New Jersey Governor Chris Christie vetoed proposed bill A3169/S418, passed by the legislature 106-8, that would have banned the sale of laser pointers over 1 milliwatt. Below is the text of Governor Christie's letter to the Senate describing why he vetoed the bill.
The bill’s legislative history and text is available on the New Jersey Legislature website; use the “Bill Search” feature to search the 2012-2013 legislative session for the keyword “laser”. A LaserPointerSafety.com article about the veto, which also lists significant New Jersey-related laser events, is here.
New York City Administrative Code Section 10-134.2 Regulation of laser pointers
(3) "Public place" means a place to which the public or a substantial group of persons has access, and includes, but is not limited to, any street, highway, parking lot, plaza, transportation facility, place of amusement, park, playground, and any hallway, lobby and other portion of an apartment house or hotel not constituting a room or apartment designed for actual residence.
(4) "School premises" means the buildings, grounds or facilities, or any portion thereof, owned, occupied by, or under the custody or control
of public or private institutions for the primary purpose of providing educational or recreational instruction to students, and any vehicles
owned, operated or leased by or on behalf of such institutions that are used to transport such students or the personnel of such institutions.
b. It shall be unlawful for any person to give, sell or offer to sell or cause any person to give, sell or offer to sell a laser pointer to any individual eighteen years of age or younger.
c. No person who sells or offers for sale laser pointers shall place such laser pointers on open display so that such laser pointers are accessible to the public without the assistance of such seller, or his or her employee or other agent, offering such laser pointers for sale, unless:
(1) such laser pointers on open display are clearly and fully visible from a place of payment for goods or services or customer information at which such seller or an employee or other agent of such seller is usually present during hours when the public is invited or
(2) such laser pointers are in a package, box or other container provided by the manufacturer, importer or packager that is larger than forty-one square inches. Further, it shall be unlawful to display laser pointers in any manner or to post a sign advertising the availability of laser pointers unless a notice has been posted, in a form and manner prescribed by rule of the department of consumer affairs, indicating that the sale or giving of laser pointers to persons eighteen years of age or younger is a misdemeanor.
d. It shall be unlawful for any person twenty years of age or younger to possess a laser pointer on school premises, unlawful for any person eighteen years of age or younger to possess a laser pointer while in a public place and unlawful for any person to direct light emitted from a laser pointer into or through a public place; provided, however, that nothing in this section shall preclude:
(1) the temporary transfer on school premises of a laser pointer to, or possession on school premises of a laser pointer by, a person twenty years of age or younger for a valid instructional, school-related or employment purpose, where such laser pointer is used under the supervision of a school staff person, other authorized instructor, employer or employer's agent; or
(2) the temporary transfer in a public place of a laser pointer to, or possession in a public place of a laser pointer by, a person eighteen years of age or younger, during such person's hours of employment, for a valid employment purpose, where such laser pointer is used under the supervision of the employer or employer's agent; or
(3) the direction of light from a laser pointer into or through a public place by a person nineteen years of age or older, during such person's hours of employment, for a valid employment purpose.
e. It shall be unlawful for any person to direct light from a laser pointer at a uniformed police officer, uniformed security guard, uniformed school safety officer, uniformed traffic enforcement agent, uniformed member of a paid or volunteer fire department, uniformed emergency medical service worker or uniformed ambulance worker, or other uniformed city, state or federal peace officer, investigator or emergency service worker, or the marked service vehicle of any such individual.
f. When a person is found to possess a laser pointer while in a public place or on school premises in violation of subdivision d of this section, it is an affirmative defense that:
(1) such person was traveling to or from school premises, where the laser pointer would have been or was used for a valid instructional, school-related or employment purpose under the supervision of a school staff person, other authorized instructor, employer or employer's agent, and such person had not turned on the laser pointer or displayed it in a menacing or threatening manner; or
(2) such person was traveling to or from his or her place of employment, where the laser pointer would have been or was used during such person's hours of employment, for a valid employment purpose, under the supervision of the employer of employer's agent, and such person had not turned on the laser pointer or displayed it in a menacing or threatening manner.
g. Authorized agents and employees of the department of consumer affairs, and of any other agency designated by the mayor, shall have the authority to enforce the provisions of subdivisions b and c of this section. A proceeding to recover any civil penalty pursuant to this section shall be commenced by the service of a notice of hearing that shall be returnable to the administrative tribunal of the department of consumer affairs. The administrative tribunal of the department shall have the power to impose civil penalties for a violation of subdivision b or c of this section as follows: not more than three hundred dollars for the first violation; not more than five hundred dollars for the section violation by the same person within a two-year period; and not more than one thousand dollars for the third and all subsequent violations by the same person within a two-year period. For purposes of determining whether a violation of subdivision b or subdivision c of this section should be adjudicated as a second, third or subsequent violation, violations of subdivision b and violations of subdivision c of this section by the same person within a two-year period shall be aggregated.
h. Any person who violates subdivision b, c or e of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person who violates subdivision d of this section shall be guilty of a violation for a first offense and a misdemeanor for all subsequent offenses.
Below is the text of the bill, signed into law by New York state Governor Andrew Cuomo on June 24 2014. It takes effect November 1 2014.
Introduced by Sens. SANDERS, GRISANTI -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Codes -- committee discharged and said bill committed to the Committee on Rules -- ordered to a third reading, amended and ordered reprinted, retaining its place in the order of third reading
AN ACT to amend the penal law, in relation to the offense of directing a laser at an aircraft
Section 1. The penal law is amended by adding two new sections 240.76 and 240.77 to read as follows:
(a) the calculated or measured beam irradiance on the aircraft, or in the immediate vicinity of the aircraft, exceeds limits set by the FAA for the FAA-specified laser flight zone (normal, sensitive, critical, or laser-free) where the aircraft was located; and
Directing a laser at an aircraft is a class A misdemeanor. S 240.77 directing a laser at an aircraft in the first degree.
A person is guilty of directing a laser at an aircraft in the first degree when he or she commits the crime of directing a laser at an aircraft in the second degree in violation of section 240.76 of this article and thereby causes a significant change of course or other serious disruption to the safe travel of an aircraft that threatens the physical safety of the aircraft's passengers or crew.
21 O.S. 2011, Section 1992 is the “Laser Safety Act.” It was amended in 2015.
SECTION 1. AMENDATORY 21 O.S. 2011, Section 1992, is amended to read as follows:
Section 1992. A. This section shall be known and may be cited as the "Laser Safety Act".
B. Any person who knowingly and maliciously projects a laser, as defined in this section, on or at a law enforcement officer without the consent of the officer while the officer is acting within the scope of the official duties of the officer shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not more than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00). Any person who commits a second or subsequent violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00), a term of imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than six (6) months, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
C. Anyone who knowingly aims the beam of a laser pointer at an aircraft in flight or at the flight path of an aircraft shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not more than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00). Any person who commits a second or subsequent violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00), a term of imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than six (6) months, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
D. This section does not prohibit aiming a beam of a laser pointer at an aircraft, or the flight path of such an aircraft by:
An authorized individual in the conduct of research and development or flight test operations conducted by an aircraft manufacturer, the Federal Aviation Administration, or any other person authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration to conduct research and development or flight test operations;
2	Members or elements of the Department of Defense or Department of Homeland Security acting in an official capacity for the purpose of research, development, operations, testing or training; or
3	By an individual using a laser emergency signaling device to send an emergency distress signal.
"Laser" or "laser pointer" means any device that projects a beam or point of light by means of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or a device that emits light which simulates the appearance of a laser designed or used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission that emits a beam designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark or identify a specific position, place, item or object; and
"Law enforcement officer" means any police officer, peace officer, sheriff, deputy sheriff, correctional officer, probation or parole officer, emergency management employee, judge, magistrate, or any employee of a governmental agency who is authorized by law to engage in the investigation, arrest, prosecution, or supervision of the incarceration of any person for any violation of law and has statutory powers of arrest.
Section 163.709 - Unlawful directing of light from a laser pointer.
The text of the Puerto Rico law is below.
(S. B. 799)
(No. 118-2014)
(Approved July 30, 2014)
To establish the “Act to Prohibit the Unlawful Use of Laser Devices,” in order to criminalize the act of pointing a laser device at an aircraft or law enforcement officers to prevent them from carrying out their duties or operating a vehicle, thus endangering their safety and that of all other citizens.
A laser pointer is a device designed to highlight something of interest by illuminating it with a small bright spot. It is a relatively simple device that has many uses. It may be the size of a keychain or look like a battery flashlight. Laser pointers are most commonly used by people during audio visual presentations. These devices may be easily accessed and their power varies depending on the use for which it was designed.
Even though laser pointers may seem harmless and have varied lawful uses, there has been a recent proliferation of extremely dangerous practices that attempt against aviation and law enforcement officers’ safety.
With regard to aviation, when these devices are aimed at the cockpit of an aircraft, its intensity magnifies and enters into the cockpit of an aircraft as a bright and highly-intense light. Consequently, pilots are temporarily distracted, losing sight of the navigation tools and reference of the exact location of the aircraft. In addition, the permanent eye injuries that laser devices may cause could end the careers of aviation professionals. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has stated that the reported number of incidents involving the misuse of laser devices increased from 2,836 in 2010 to 3,592 in 2011. Reports show a growing trend of these incidents since 2005. Most of such incidents involved the use of green laser pointers which are particularly hazardous given that the human eye is more sensitive to the yellow-green light spectrum. Seventy-two (72) out of the 3,482 incidents reported in the United States during 2012 took place in Puerto Rico.
Between January 1 and August 9, 2013, the Puerto Rico Police Department received forty-five (45) complaints of pilots that have been victim of these incidents. Such incidents are mostly reported in the northern region of the Island while airplanes are approaching the Luis Muñoz-Marín International Airport (SJU). Such an attack to the cockpit of an aircraft during the final approach to landing may lead to potentially fatal consequences, since pilots lose reference of their exact location with respect to the ground. Attacks to the Air Traffic Control Tower of the SJU have also been reported.
The pilots of the Puerto Rico Police Department have also been victims of this kind of attack. Police helicopter pilots have been shined by laser pointers while providing air support during police raids. Consequently, they leave such raids, endangering the safety of the police officers in the ground.
Another unscrupulous act is using a laser pointer to intimidate or threaten a law enforcement officer. In these cases, the laser device is pointed at the body of the law enforcement officer causing him/her to believe that a firearm is pointed at him/her. Likewise, other emergency service officers such as paramedics and firefighters, to name a few, have been victims of this kind of attack. The situation worsens when such attack takes place while they are operating a motor vehicle, given that their reaction when feeling threatened may jeopardize their safety and that of others.
Currently, aiming a laser pointer at an aircraft constitutes a federal crime. Also, states such as South Carolina, Georgia, and Washington, among others, have enacted laws that criminalize aiming a laser pointer at an aircraft, motor vehicle, and law enforcement officers. The purpose of legislative initiatives taken in the Island is to provide additional tools to prosecute these offenses at both the Federal and the State levels. However, Puerto Rico does not have a statute prohibiting the indiscriminate use of these devices; thus, the malicious use thereof usually goes unpunished. This legislation is promulgated to promote collaboration between State and Federal law enforcement agencies to investigate and prosecute individuals responsible for misusing laser devices, so as to guarantee aviation and law enforcement officers’ safety. Therefore, in order to deal with the misuse of laser pointers, the Legislative Assembly deems it necessary to classify the emission of laser beams in certain circumstances as an offense.
BE IT ENACTED BY LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF PUERTO RICO:
Section 1.- This Act shall be known as the “Act to Prohibit the Unlawful Use of Laser Devices.”
Section 2.- For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall have the meaning stated below:
(a) “Law Enforcement Officer”.- means any member or official of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico or the United States of America, or of any political subdivision of Puerto Rico or the United States, whose duties are making arrests, including, but not limited to: the members of the Ranger Corps of the Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, the Puerto Rico Police Department, Assistant Police, the Municipal Police, Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigations of the Department of Justice, Custody Officers of the Corrections Administration, Custody Officers of the Pretrial Services Office, the National Guard while performing official duties and exercises, Custody Officers of the Juvenile Institutions Administration, the Internal Security Corps of the Ports Authority, the Director of the Drugs and Narcotics Control Office and the Controlled Substances Inspectors of the Mental Health and Addiction Services Administration, Investigating Officers of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Investigations of the Correctional System of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, the Inspectors of the Public Service Commission, the bailiffs of the General Courts of Justice of Puerto Rico, the marshals of the Federal Courts with jurisdiction in Puerto Rico, and the Internal Revenue Inspectors of the Department of the Treasury.
(b) “Aircraft”.- means any contrivance now known or hereafter invented, used, or designed for navigation of, or flight in, the air, including, but not limited to helicopters, and similar vehicles.
(c) “Laser Pointer”.- is a handheld device used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by simulated emission that emits a beam visible to the human eye.
(d) “Laser”.- means light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation.
(e) “Motor Vehicle”.- means any self-propelled vehicle designed to be operated in public thoroughfares.
Section 3.- A person who intentionally or knowingly points, directs or aims a laser pointer shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000), imprisonment for a term not to exceed six (6) months, or both penalties at the discretion of the court in the following circumstances:
(a) When a person points a laser at a law enforcement officer or agent engaged in the performance of his/her official duties in such a manner that such officer or agent would reasonably believe that a firearm is pointed at him/her;
(b) When a person points a laser at a law enforcement officer or agent engaged in the performance of his/her official duties, jeopardizing the safety or operation of a motor vehicle or interrupting or impairing the services offered by such officer or agent to the citizenry; or
(c) When a person aims a laser at an aircraft on the ground or in flight, while occupied, with the intent to interfere with or interrupt the operation of the aircraft, jeopardizing the safety of the pilot or the persons aboard.
(d) When a person aims a laser at an air traffic control tower, while occupied, in any airport within the jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
Section 4.- Any person who intentionally or knowingly points, directs, or aims a laser pointer in the circumstances stated in subsections (a), (b), (c), or (d), and such act results in a bodily injury that is not permanent, but requires medical attention, specialized professional help or outpatient treatment, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
If, as a result of aiming a laser pointer in the circumstances stated in subsections (a), (b), (c), or (d), a person causes serious bodily harm to a human being, he/she shall be guilty of a felony. For purposes of this Act, serious bodily harm means an injury that requires hospitalization, long-term treatment, or causes permanent or mutilating injuries.
If a person aims a laser pointer in the circumstances stated in subsections (a), (b), (c), or (d), such person shall be prosecuted in accordance with the provisions of the Penal Code of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
Section 5.- It shall be the duty of the Puerto Rico Police Department and law enforcement agencies to report to Federal authorities any incident in connection with the aforementioned use of laser devices. Such agencies shall also cooperate with Federal authorities in the investigation and prosecution of the persons who committed such offense.
Section 6.- This Act does not criminalize the authorized use of laser devices, as provided by the Federal Aviation Administration and other Federal agencies.
Section 7.- This Act shall take effect immediately after its approval.
H. 3609 was introduced February 26 2013 in the South Carolina House of Representatives. An amended version passed the House 81 to 8 on April 18 2013. Note that as of April 18 2013 this is NOT law in South Carolina. However, if it passes the Senate and is signed by the Governor, then it would become law. LaserPointerSafety has ongoing coverage of South Carolina laws.
"Section 39-1-100.
(A) It is unlawful for an individual to sell a laser device to a minor under the age of eighteen years.
-- (1) for a first offense, fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than two hundred dollars;
-- (2) for a second offense, which occurs within three years of the first offense, fined not less than two hundred dollars nor more than three hundred dollars; and
-- (3) for a third or subsequent offense, which occurs within three years of the first offense, fined not less than three hundred dollars nor more than four hundred dollars.
(D )(1) A minor under the age of eighteen years may not purchase, attempt to purchase, possess, or attempt to possess a laser device, or present or offer proof of age that is false or fraudulent for the purpose of purchasing or possessing a laser device. A minor under the age of eighteen may possess a laser device if it is:
----- (a) used by an individual as an emergency signaling device to send an emergency distress signal;
----- (b) used for legitimate educational purposes so long as it is used solely for that purpose;
----- (c) used for legitimate business purposes and during the normal course of that business;
----- (d) necessary for the individual's employment, education, trade or occupation, so long as it is used solely for that purpose; or
----- (e) used as part of a gun sight, so long as it is used in a lawful manner.
-- (2) A minor who knowingly violates a provision of this subsection in person, by agent, or in any other way commits a noncriminal offense and is subject to a civil fine of twenty-five dollars. The civil fine is subject to all applicable court costs, assessments, and surcharges.
-- (3) A violation of this subsection is not a criminal or delinquent offense and no criminal or delinquent record may be maintained. A minor may not be detained, taken into custody, arrested, placed in jail or in any other secure facility, committed to the custody of the Department of Juvenile Justice, or found to be in contempt of court for a violation of this subsection.
-- (4) A violation of this subsection is not grounds for denying, suspending, or revoking an individual's participation in a state college or university financial assistance program including, but not limited to, a Life Scholarship, a Palmetto Fellows Scholarship, or a need-based grant.
-- (5) Any laser device possessed by a minor in violation of this subsection must be confiscated.
The following is the text of the Myrtle Beach City Council's ordinance to prohibit possession of laser pointers by minors. This was passed September 22 2011.
2011-52 (2ND READING): AN ORDINANCE TO ENACT CHAPTER 14, ARTICLE IV, SECTION 14-69 LASER POINTERS, PROHIBITING POSSESSION BY MINORS, PROHIBITED USE ON A PERSON, ANIMAL, PROHIBITING USE ON PUBLIC WAYS, BEACHES, PARKS AND LANDS; AND PENALTIES.
Applicant/Purpose:
City Attorney/to address misuse of laser pointers.
Proposed ordinance makes unlawful:
-- Possession of laser pointers by minors outside minor’s residence (unless used for supervised lawful purposes or if required for employment).
-- Provision of laser pointers to minors (subject to same exceptions).
-- Directing laser pointers:
---- Into eyes of another person.
---- On people, vehicles or animals in unreasonably harassing way.
---- At any person/object on beach or on public ways.
---- At airplanes & helicopters.
Ordinance violation would be a misdemeanor. Pointers used in prohibited ways subject to confiscation. Return would have to be ordered by courts.
No changes since 1st reading.
Real laser pointers are used as targeting devices for firearms.
City received numerous complaints this summer from individuals who were targeted by laser pointers.
FDA has determined that pointers can cause retinal damage & flash blindness.
AN ORDINANCE TO ENACT CHAPTER 14, ARTICLE IV, SECTION 14-69 LASER POINTERS, PROHIBITING POSSESSION BY MINORS, PROHIBITED USE ON A PERSON, ANIMAL PROHIBITING USE ON PUBLIC WAYS, BEACHES PARKS AND LANDS; AND PENALTIES.
NOW THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY ORDAINED that Section 14-69 is enacted as follows:
Sec. 14-69 Laser Pointers Prohibited.
Sec. 14-69.1 Definitions.
In the ordinance codified in this chapter, the following words and terms shall have these defined meanings:
"Laser pointer" means any hand-held device containing a small diode laser that is capable of emitting an intense beam of light.
Sec. 14-69.2 Possession by minors unlawful; exception.
a. It shall be unlawful for any minor to possess a laser pointer except within the permanent residence of that minor
b. It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sell, offer to sell, lease, give or otherwise provide a laser pointer to a minor, except as otherwise permitted by this section.
c. The provisions of subsections a and b do not apply if:
-- c1. The laser pointer is temporarily transferred to the minor for an educational or other lawful purpose and the minor is under the direct supervision of a parent, legal guardian, teacher, employer or other responsible person eighteen years of age or older; or
-- c2. The minor's possession of the laser pointer is necessary for his or her employment, trade or occupation and it is necessary for the laser pointer to be carried on his or her person.
39 Sec. 14-69.3 Prohibited uses; exceptions.
a. It shall be unlawful for any person to direct the light from a laser pointer into the eye or eyes of another person from or to public or private property at any time. b. It shall be unlawful for any person to direct the light from a laser pointer upon another person, a person's vehicle, or upon an animal, in such a manner as to unreasonably cause harassment to that person, a motorist, or animal.
c. It shall be unlawful for any person to direct the light from a laser pointer at any person or object on public or private beaches, public lands, parks, street, alley or public ways. d. It shall be unlawful for any person to direct the light from a laser pointer at any airplane or helicopter.
Sec. 14-69.5 Penalty; immediate confiscation. a. Any person violating any of the provisions of this chapter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished as the law allows for a misdemeanor crime. b. Any laser pointer found upon the person of a minor, or used by any person in a prohibited manner may be immediately seized by law enforcement, and a Court of competent jurisdiction shall determine the temporary or permanent nature of the confiscation.
Below is the laser pointer law for the city of North Myrtle Beach as of September 17 2012. The ordinance was significantly revised in February 2013 and therefore the text below is NOT the current (as of April 2013) North Myrtle Beach ordinance. It is listed below for historical reference purposes.
The following words or phrases, as used in this chapter, shall have the following respective meanings as set out in this section, unless a different meaning clearly appears from the context:
Handheld means any light emitting device whose longest dimension is 15 inches or less.
High divergence refers to the rapid spreading out of laser light in such a manner as to avoid concentration of such light into a beam.
Laser means is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of photons.
Laser pointer means a battery-powered portable handheld device that emits visible laser light in a narrow beam. Laser pico projectors and other high-divergence laser light sources are not included in this definition.
Pico projector means a small-format projector that can be used as a standalone projector or as an integrated component in mobile devices, and uses the same technology that powers standard projectors for purposes of projecting images or videos or other similar displays onto a surface.
Portable laser means any laser light emitting device that is not affixed to an immovable base, or any component of a fixed device that can be separated from its base and activated.
Structure means anything constructed, erected or established, including but not limited to swimming pools, buildings, trailers, screened enclosures, patio walls, decks, or similar man-made features.
(Ord. No. 11-34, 11-21-11)
Sec. 16-53. - Regulating the sale and possession of laser pointers to persons under the age of 17.
(a) Sale to minors prohibited: It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly sell, lease, give or otherwise provide a laser pointer to anyone under the age of 17, except as otherwise permitted by this section.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any person under the age of 17 to possess a laser pointer except within the permanent residence of that minor.
(c) The provisions of subsections (a) and (b) do not apply if:
-- (1) The laser pointer is temporarily transferred to the minor for an educational or other lawful purpose and the minor is under the direct supervision of a parent, legal guardian, teacher, employer or other responsible person seventeen (17) years of age or older; or
-- (2) The minor's possession of the laser pointer is necessary for his or her employment, trade or occupation and it is necessary for the laser pointer to be carried on his or her person.
Sec. 16-54. - Regulating the use of laser pointers.
(a) Prohibited activities. It shall be unlawful to utilize a laser pointer in any of the following manners:
-- (1) Aiming the beam at or into a structure or any portion thereof in such a manner as to be visible from the inside of the structure.
-- (2) Aiming the beam at or toward any person without their consent and/or knowledge, or into or near the eyes of any person regardless of consent or knowledge.
-- (3) Aiming the beam at any animal or the nest or habitat of any animal, including but not limited to turtles, dogs, cats, birds, livestock, pets, or other wild or domesticated animals.
-- (4) Aiming the beam at any car, truck, bicycle, motorcycle, bus, golf cart, boat or other watercraft, airplane, helicopter or other aircraft, or any other type of motorized or non-motorized vehicle while it is occupied or being operated by a person.
-- (5) Aiming the beam at any reflecting device such as mirrors, lenses, polished surfaces and similar items in such a manner as to cause the beam to be redirected or amplified in a manner which may violate any of the above provisions.
(b) Law enforcement exemption. Nothing in this ordinance shall be deemed to preclude the legitimate use of laser pointing devices by law enforcement personnel in the discharge of their duties.
Note: The ordinance below is also available as a PDF document prepared by the city of North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina.
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH PROVIDING THAT THE CODE OF ORDINANCES, CITY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH BE AMENDED BY REVISING CHAPTER 16 "OFFENSES AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS" ARTICLE I, "IN GENERAL," SECTION 16 TO REGULATE THE USE OF LASER DEVICES.
WHEREAS, laser pointers are small handheld devices, usually battery operated, equipped with a laser diode emitting a very narrow laser beam of visible light, intended to be used to highlight something of interest by illuminating it with a small bright spot of colored light; and
WHEREAS, when pointed at aircraft at night, laser pointers may cause spatial disorientation, and otherwise dazzle and distract pilots at critical times, and have been used maliciously to distract or annoy individuals on the ground as well as in the air; and
WHEREAS, recently there has been a proliferation of lasers in the marketplace, particularly higher powered lasers of greater than 1 milliwatt output and brighter color (e.g. green), due to their appeal as a recreational device, coupled with the low cost of manufacture; and
WHEREAS, especially because of these higher powered lasers, with the resulting increase in their intensity and range, and extra potential hazard when pointed at objects and people, there also has been a dramatic escalation recently in the number of incidents in which damaging laser beams are being directed at people and aircraft in Horry County; and
WHEREAS, the U.S. Coast Guard, Charleston Sector, has reported several recent cases where pilots were forced to land their aircraft and abort missions during search and rescue operations after being hit with laser beams, particularly debilitating when the pilot is wearing night vision equipment; and
WHEREAS, during the summer of 2012 alone, there have been over 70 reported incidents of aircraft being hit by lasers in and around the Myrtle Beach International Airport.
WHEREAS, therefore, it is the will of City Council to provide for regulation of the sale, possession, and use of laser pointed devices in the City, and to provide for the enforcement thereof, in the interest of the public's health, safety, and welfare.
NOW, THEREFORE, the following law with respect to the regulation of laser pointed devices is hereby ordained and enacted:
ARTICLE I: IN GENERAL.
Sec. 16-52. Definitions
Laser pointer or device means a device that is designed to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission that emits a beam designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark, or identify a specific position, place, item, or object. Such term also means a device that projects a beam or point of light by means of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or other means or that emits light which simulates the appearance of a beam of light.
b) any laser pointer or device that is greater than 1 milliwatt, as shown by the manufacturer's or distributor's technical specifications as shown on the pointer or device or otherwise, or
c) any laser pointer or device for which the merchant who offers the device for distribution, sale or barter has no technical specifications showing the manufacturer's or distributor's confirmation that the laser pointer or device is 1 milliwatt or less in output.
Minor means any person who has not attained 17 years of age.
Sec. 16-53. Possession by minors unlawful; exception.
(a) It shall be unlawful for any minor to possess a laser pointer or device, while not under the direct supervision of a parent, guardian or teacher, which parent, guardian or teacher takes full responsibility for its possession and use under this Article, and bears the full consequences of its misuse.
(b) Laser pointers or devices in the unlawful possession of minors are subject to immediate confiscation as contraband.
(c) It shall be unlawful for any person, other than a parent, guardian or teacher, to knowingly provide a laser pointer or device to a minor.
(d) Business license holders that distribute, sell or barter laser pointers or devices to minors are subject to the suspension and ultimate revocation of their business licenses.
Sec. 16-54. Prohibited uses; exceptions.
(a) It shall be unlawful for any person to direct the light from a laser pointer or device from public or private property upon another person, a person's means of conveyance, or an animal, on public or private property, or upon a watercraft, airplane, helicopter or other aircraft, in public airspace or waterways at any time. Excluded are the possession and use of laser gun sights when possessed and used for lawful hunting purposes, or for self-defense as defined by law.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any parent, guardian, person acting in loco parentis, or responsible adult to purchase and give to any minor, or permit any minor in their custody to possess or use, a laser pointer or device while not under the direct supervision of such parent, guardian, person acting in loco parentis, responsible adult, or teacher.
Sec. 16-56.Laser pointers are considered weapons; assault and battery on person; mistreatment or abuse of animal.
(a) A laser pointer, or any other similar article, which consists of a hand-held, battery-operated device of any output, designed or adapted to emit a laser beam and that may be used for the purposes of aiming, targeting or pointing, is considered a weapon when used unlawfully.
(b) When a laser pointer is directed to a person, or upon a conveyance piloted, operated or occupied by a person, such conduct is deemed an assault and battery.
(c) When a laser pointer is directed to an animal (other than for lawful hunting purposes), such conduct is considered abuse or mistreatment of animals.
Sec. 16-57. Penalty; immediate confiscation.
(a) Any person violating any of the provisions of this Article shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished as the law allows for a misdemeanor crime, with a fine not greater than $500.00 or 30 days imprisonment, or both, per incident.
(b) Any laser pointer or device found upon the person of a minor, or used by any person in a prohibited manner, or found in a business as an item for sale without manufacturer's technical specification showing that the output is 1 milliwatt or less, may be immediately seized as contraband by law enforcement, a Court of competent jurisdiction to determine the temporary or permanent nature of the confiscation.
Sec. 16-58. SEVERABILITY.
If any Section, Subsection, or part of this Ordinance shall be deemed or found to conflict with a provision of South Carolina law, or other pre-emptive legal principle, then that Section, Sub-section or part of this Ordinance shall be deemed ineffective, but the remaining parts of this Ordinance shall remain in full force and effect.
DONE, RATIFIED AND PASSED, THIS 18th DAY OF FEBRUARY, 2013.
(signature of Marilyn Hatley)
(signature of Meridith Smith)
FIRST READING: 2-4-13
SECOND READING: 2-18-13
This law was apparently signed by Tennessee's governor on June 9, 2009.
STATE OF TENNESSEE PUBLIC CHAPTER NO. 387
HOUSE BILL NO. 815 By Representatives Campfield, Evans, Hardaway, Rich
Substituted for: Senate Bill No. 1243 By Senator Bunch
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-16-515, relative to emergency service personnel.
SECTION 1. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-16-515, is amended by deleting subsection (a) in its entirety and by substituting instead the following:
(a) It is an offense for a person to knowingly activate and point a laser pointer or other device utilizing a laser beam at an individual known to be a law enforcement officer, firefighter, emergency medical technician, or other emergency service personnel, while the individual is in the performance of the individual’s official duties, with the intent to place such individual in fear of serious bodily injury or death.
SECTION 2. Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 39-16-515(b)(1), is amended by deleting the language “The law enforcement officer”, and by substituting instead the language “The law enforcement officer, firefighter, emergency medical technician, or other emergency service personnel”.
PASSED: May 28, 2009
Sec. 42.13. Use of Laser Pointers
Sec. 42.14. Illumination of Aircraft by Intense Light
Section 2501 Unlawful use of a laser pointer -- Definitions -- Penalties.
76-10-2501. Unlawful use of a laser pointer -- Definitions -- Penalties.
(5) If the violation of this section constitutes an offense subject to a greater penalty under another provision of Title 76, Utah Criminal Code, than is provided under this section, this section does not prohibit the prosecution and sentencing for the offense subject to a greater penalty.
Enacted by Chapter 67, 2001 General Session
Virginia code 5.1-22 was used in a case where a police helicopter was illuminated by a man with a "million candlelight spotlight". A a 2002 Virginia Court of Appeals case upheld the conviction of Mark B. Johnson, who unsuccessfully argued that he had no intent to interfere with the helicopter; he wanted to view its registration number for a noise complaint. He also unsuccessfully argued that the spotlight did not interfere with the operation of the aircraft.
Note: The blue text below was added in 2012. 5.1-22 was amended by Virginia House Bill 87, which was introduced December 21 2011 by Delegate Barry Knight of House District 81 (Virginia Beach). HB 87 passed March 7 2012 and was signed into law March 30. The blue text amendments go into effect July 1 2012.
§ 5.1-22. Interference with operation of aircraft; penalties; venue.
Any person who interferes with or threatens to interfere with the operation of any aircraft, unless he is authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration or the armed forces of the United States, on or over the territory of the Commonwealth shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. Where the act or acts of interference or threatened interference are of such a nature as to endanger the life of the aircraft's operator or the life of any other person, the person interfering or threatening to interfere shall be guilty of a Class 6 felony. Any person who knowingly and intentionally projects a point of light from a laser, laser gun sight, or any other device that simulates a laser at an aircraft is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. Venue for the issuance of a warrant for the arrest and trial of any such person is hereby conferred upon any court having criminal jurisdiction in the political subdivision in the Commonwealth where the aircraft either took off prior to such offense, or where it lands or comes to rest subsequent to such offense, or in or over which the offense occurred.
For Class 6 felonies, the jury or court may choose imprisonment for one to five years or jail for up to 12 months and/or a fine of up to $2,500. Punishment for a Class 1 misdemeanor is up to 12 months in jail and/or a fine of up to $2,500.
VA Code § 18.2-57.01
From Justia.com and the Virginia General Assembly LIS site. A Virginia Class 2 misdemeanor is punishable by up to six months in jail and/or a fine of up to $1,000.
The copy here is not signed, but this does appear to be an ordinance which passed and still applies in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Interestingly, it appears to be one of the few "laser laws" which also applies to a flashlight.
An ordinance to amend the city code by adding a new section prohibiting any person from directing the beam from a laser pen, flashlight or similar device into the eyes of another person.
Section 23-11.3 of the City Code
Directing beam of laser pen, flashlight or similar device into the eyes of another person
It shall be unlawful and a Class 2 misdemeanor for any person to intentionally, and without good cause, direct the beam from a laser pen, flashlight or similar device into the eyes (or eye) of another person.
Adopted by the City Council of the City of Virginia Beach, Virginia, on this 25th day of August, 1998.
See also stories about the city of Virginia Beach in 2011 wanting the state to make aiming at aircraft illegal.
From the Washington State Legislature website:
[1999 c 180 § 1.]
[1999 c 180 § 2.]
[1999 c 180 § 3.]
[1999 c 180 § 4.]
[1999 c 180 § 6.]
941.299 Restrictions on the use of laser pointers.
(a) Whoever violates sub. (2) (a) is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor.
Laser Laws in the U.S.
From HomeSchoolJournal.net
Note: The list below was formerly at HomeSchoolJournal.net, a website which was shut down in mid-2015. (You can find an archived version of the page by going to the Internet Archive and entering the original link: http://lasers.homeschooljournal.net/laser-laws-in-the-u-s). We have not evaluated the information for accuracy; it is presented as a research starting point. Thanks to Ron and Andrea, who originally published this.
In the last few years their have been several crackdowns on lasers in the U.S. and the laws are always changing so if you see any incorrect info in here comment the mistake along with a link to a reliable website that says the same thing. There is also a reliable website that deals with laser safety if you want to see it click here.
Here are the States and their laser laws:
No State Statutes specifically on laser pointers.
A.R.S. § 13-1213. Aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer; classification; definition
C. For the purposes of this section, “laser pointer” means any device that consists of a high or low powered visible light beam used for aiming, targeting or pointing out features.
Arkansas Code Annotated.
§ 5-54-132. Targeting law enforcement officer with laser pointer
(a) It is unlawful for any person to knowingly cause a laser light beam, colored light beam, or other targeting, pointing, or spotting light beam, to be projected, displayed, or shined on a law enforcement officer while in the performance of the law enforcement officer’s duties.
(b) Any person violating a provision of this section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.
§ 5-60-121. Sale of laser light to minor
(a) It is unlawful to sell a hand-held laser pointer to a person under eighteen (1 years of age.
(b) Any person who violates this section is guilty of a violation punishable by a fine of one hundred dollars ($100).
§ 5-60-122. Possession of hand-held laser pointers by minors
(a) It is unlawful for a person under eighteen (1 years of age to possess a hand-held laser pointer without the supervision of a parent, guardian, or teacher.
(b) The hand-held laser pointer shall be seized by a law enforcement officer as contraband.
6-18-512. Policies regarding seizure of hand-held laser pointers in possession of students
Each school district shall adopt a policy providing for the seizure by school personnel of hand-held laser pointers in the possession of students
Note: These laws pertain to laser pointers. Arkansas has a variety of other laws covering medical / industrial use.
§ 417.25.
(a) Every person who, except in self-defense, aims orpoints a laser scope, as defined in subdivision
(b), or a laser pointer, as defined in subdivision
©, at another person in a threatening manner with the specific intent to cause a reasonable person fear of bodily harm is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for up to 30 days. For purposes of this section, the laser scope need not be attached to a firearm.
© As used in this section, “laser pointer” means any hand held laser beam device or demonstration laser product that emits a single point of light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye.
§ 417.26.
(a) Any person who aims or points a laser scope as defined in subdivision
(b) of Section 417.25, or a laser pointer, as defined in subdivision
© of that section, at a peace officer with the specific intent to cause the officer apprehension or fear of bodily harm and who knows or reasonably should know that the person at whom he or she is aiming or pointing is a peace officer, is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for a term not exceeding six months.
§ 417.27.
© No person shall direct the beam from a laser pointer directly or indirectly into the eye or eyes of another person or into a moving vehicle with the intent to harass or annoy the other person or the occupants of the moving vehicle.
(e) A violation of subdivision (a), (b), ©, or (d) shall be an infraction that is punished by either a fine of fifty dollars ($50). or four hours of community service, and a second or subsequent violation of any of these subdivisions shall be an infraction that is punished by either a fine of one hundred dollars ($100) or eight hours of community service.
(f) As used in this section, “laser pointer” has the same meaning as set forth in subdivision © of Section 417.25.
© No person under eighteen years of age shall possess a laser pointer on school grounds or in any public place, except as provided in subsection (d) of this section.
§ 501.122
1) Definitions.–For the purposes of this section:
(a) “Laser” means light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, encompassing wavelengths above and below those in visual range, if produced by laser devices.
(b) “Laser device” means any device designed or used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission.
© “Nonionizing radiation” means electromagnetic or sound waves which do not produce or result in ionization.
(d) “Ionizing radiation” means gamma and X rays, alpha and beta particles, high-speed electrons, neutrons, protons, and other nuclear particles.
(e) “Department” means the Department of Health.
2) Authority to issue regulations.–Except for electrical transmission and distribution lines and substation facilities subject to regulation by the Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to chapter 403, the Department of Health shall adopt rules as necessary to protect the health and safety of persons exposed to laser devices and other nonionizing radiation, including the user or any others who might come in contact with such radiation. The Department of Health may:
(a) Develop a program for registration of laser devices and uses and of identifying and controlling sources and uses of other nonionizing radiations.
(b) Maintain liaison with, and receive information from, industry, industry associations, and other organizations or individuals relating to present or future radiation-producing products or devices.
© Study and evaluate the degree of hazard associated with the use of laser devices or other sources of radiation.
(d) Establish and prescribe performance standards for lasers and other radiation control, including requirements for radiation surveys and measurements and the methods and instruments used to perform surveys; the qualifications, duties, and training of users; the posting of warning signs and labels for facilities and devices; recordkeeping; and reports to the department, if it determines that such standards are necessary for the protection of the public health.
(e) Amend or revoke any performance standard established under the provisions of this section.
3) Penalties for using unregistered laser device or product.—
(a) No person licensed to practice the healing arts, nor any other person, may use a Class III or a Class IV laser device or product as defined by federal regulations unless she or he has complied with the rules governing the registration of such devices with the department promulgated pursuant to subsection (2).
(b) Any person who violates the provisions of this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
§ 784.062. Misuse of laser lighting devices
(1) As used in subsection
(2), the term “laser lighting device” means a hand-held device, not affixed to a firearm, which emits a laser beam that is designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark, or identify a specific position, place, item, or object.
As used in subsection
(3), the term “laser lighting device” means any device designed or used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by stimulated emission.
As used in this chapter, “laser pointing device” means any hand-held laser device, which is not designed as a sighting device for a weapon nor for use in a medical procedure. The term includes the commercially-available device, which is commonly known as a “laser pen” or “laser pointer”.
§ 136-2 Harrassment; prohibited.
No person eighteen years of age or over shall intentionally focus, point, or shine a laser pointing device directly or indirectly into the eye or eyes of another person, or upon another person or animal, in such a manner as would reasonably be expected to annoy, harass, or alarm the person or animal
§ 136-3 Sale to minors; prohibited.
§ 136-4 Possession of laser pointing devices by minors prohibited.
§ 136-5 Exemptions.
Sections 480B-3, and 480B-4 shall not apply to any hand-held laser devices in a recreational activity commonly referred to as “laser tag,” and which activity is offered for a fee by an amusement or recreation facility, provided that the devices shall be collected by the operator of the facility following their use.
§ 136-6 Penalties.
(a) Any violation of section 480B-2 is punishable by a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $500 or imprisonment for a definite term to be fixed by the court not to exceed thirty days, or both.
(b) Any violation of section 480B-3, or 480B-4 is punishable by a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $500.
For Statutes on Professional / Medical lasers see § 459 – 1 et seq.
Illinois Compiled Code
ARTICLE 24.6. LASER POINTERS (720 ILCS 5/24.6 5)
Sec. 24.6 5.
“Laser pointer” means a hand held device that emits light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye.
“Laser sight” means a laser pointer that can be attached to a firearm and can be used to improve the accuracy of the firearm.
Sec. 24.6 20. Aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer.
(a) A person commits aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer when he or she intentionally or knowingly aims an operating laser pointer at a person he or she knows or reasonably should know to be a peace officer.
(b) Sentence. Aiming a laser pointer at a peace officer is a Class A misdemeanor.
These are the laws re laser pointers. There are other laws governing the use of other types of lasers.
35-47-4.5-1 Exceptions
35-47-4.5-2 “Laser pointer” defined
Sec. 2. As used in this chapter, “laser pointer” means a device that emits light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye.
35-47-4.5-3 “Public safety officer” defined
Sec. 3. As used in this chapter, “public safety officer” means:
( a city police reserve officer;
(13) a state university police officer appointed under IC 20-12-3.5;
(16) an emergency medical technician; or
(17) a paramedic; or
(1 a member of a consolidated law enforcement department established under IC 36-3-1-5.1.
35-47-4.5-4 Directing laser pointer at public safety officer
No Laws. Laws do regulate use in medicine, cosmetology, and other areas.
No laws. Laws do regulate non-pointer uses.
No laws regulating laser pointers
Louisiana Statute Criminal Code
§ 37.3. Unlawful use of a laser on a police officer
§ 1002-A. Criminal use of laser pointers
A. Causes bodily injury to that other person. Violation of this paragraph is a Class D crime;
B. That other person is a law enforcement officer in uniform. Violation of this paragraph is a Class D crime; or
C. Causes a reasonable person to suffer intimidation, annoyance or alarm. Violation of this paragraph is a Class E crime.
2. For the purposes of this section, “laser pointer” means a hand-held device that emits a visible light beam amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation.
3. It is a defense to a prosecution under this section that at the time of the laser pointer’s use the person who intentionally, knowingly or recklessly pointed a laser pointer at another person was justified under chapter 5 in threatening or using physical force upon the other person.
§ 3-806. Misuse of laser pointer
“Laser pointer” defined
(a) In this section, “laser pointer” means a device that emits light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation that is visible to the human eye.
(b) This section may not be construed to apply to the use of a laser pointer:
© A person may not knowingly use a laser pointer to illuminate another in a public place in a manner that harasses or endangers the other.
(d) A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $500.
Other laws govern medical / professional use.
§ 5I. Laser equipment; rules and regulations; penalties for violation
The department may from time to time, after a public hearing, adopt, alter or repeal such rules and regulations relative to the use of laser systems, devices or equipment as it shall deem necessary to protect the public from the hazards of laser rays or beams, with penalties for the violation thereof not exceeding five hundred dollars for any particular offense. Such rules and regulations may require the registration of said systems, devices or equipment.
This section shall not be construed as limiting the powers of the department of labor and industry under the provisions of chapter one hundred and forty-nine relative to the prevention of accidents or injuries to employees.
Other statutes regulate medical / industrial use.
97B.111. Special firearm hunting seasons for physically disabled
Establishment; requirements. The commissioner may establish criteria, special seasons, and limits for persons who have a physical disability to take big game and small game with firearms and by archery in designated areas. A person hunting under this section who has a physical disability must have a verified statement of the disability by a licensed physician and must be participating in a program for physically disabled hunters sponsored by a nonprofit organization that is permitted under subdivision 2. A license is not required for a person to assist a physically disabled person hunting during a special season under this section.
Subd. 2. Permit for organization; laser sights.
© The commissioner may impose reasonable permit conditions.
I. Any person who knowingly shines the beam of a laser pointing device at an occupied motor vehicle, window, or person shall be guilty of a violation and the laser pointing device shall be forfeited upon conviction.
II. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph I, any person who knowingly shines the beam of a laser pointing device at a law enforcement officer or law enforcement vehicle shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor and the laser pointing device shall be forfeited upon conviction.
III. It shall be an affirmative defense under this section if the laser pointing device was used in an organized meeting or training class by the instructor or speaker. Nothing in this section shall be construed so as to limit the use of medical lasers by qualified medical personnel, or construction lasers used by construction personnel, or laser devices utilized by law enforcement personnel in the performance of their official duties.
Other statutes for industrial / medical lasers.
§ 120.14 Menacing in the second degree
NOTE: One may be properly charged with menacing in second degree for shining laser beam, typically used as sighting device on firearms, at another person; shining of laser beam onto person where source of beam is not visible reasonably could be perceived by intended victim as display of firearm. People v. Brown, 1998, 179 Misc.2d 218, 685 N.Y.S.2d 392.
§ 14-34.8. Criminal use of laser device
(a) For purposes of this section, the term “laser” means light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
© A violation of this section is an infraction.
(d) This section does not apply to a law enforcement officer who uses a laser device in discharging or attempting to discharge the officer’s official duties. This section does not apply to a health care professional who uses a laser device in providing services within the scope of practice of that professional nor to any other person who is licensed or authorized by law to use a laser device or uses it in the performance of the person’s official duties.
(e) This section does not apply to laser tag, paintball guns, and other similar games and devices using light emitting diode (LED) technology.
§ 14-280.2. Use of a laser device towards an aircraft
(1) “Aircraft” is as defined in G.S. 63-1.
(2) “Laser” is as defined in G.S. 14-34.8.
© This section shall not apply where the laser use had been approved by a State or federal agency.
Other laws regulate laser speed traps, industrial use, and medical use.
No laser pointer laws. Laws do regulate medical and industrial use.
Ohio Revised Code (Title XXIX. Crimes—Procedure)
2909.081 Discharge of laser into cockpit of aircraft
(A) No person shall knowingly discharge a laser or other device that creates visible light into the cockpit of an aircraft that is in the process of taking off or landing or is in flight.
© As used in this section, “laser” means both of the following:
Oklahoma Statutes Title 21. Crimes and Punishments
§ 1992. Short title–Penalties—Definitions
A. This section shall be known and may be cited as the “Laser Safety Act”.
1. “Laser” means any device that projects a beam or point of light by means of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation or a device that emits light which simulates the appearance of a laser; and
2. “Law enforcement officer” means any police officer, peace officer, sheriff, deputy sheriff, correctional officer, probation or parole officer, emergency management employee, judge, magistrate, or any employee of a governmental agency who is authorized by law to engage in the investigation, arrest, prosecution, or supervision of the incarceration of any person for any violation of law and has statutory powers of arrest.
Other statutes govern industrial / medical use.
No laws on laser pointers
16-21.2-11. Devices prohibited.
(a) Any student enrolled in any secondary or elementary school shall be prohibited from carrying, possessing or using a paging device of any kind or a laser pointer of any kind on school property, except with the written consent of the principal of the school in which the student is enrolled.
(b) The penalty for violation of this section shall be the confiscation of the device.
23-1-39.1. Laser pointing device.
(a) For purposes of this section, “laser pointing device” means any hand held device that emits light amplified by the stimulated emission of radiation which is visible to the human eye.
© No person, firm, corporation, or association shall sell, offer to sell, lease, give, or otherwise provide a laser pointing device to any person under eighteen (1 years of age.
(e) Any person who violates the provisions of subsection (b) or any person, firm, corporation, or association who violates subsection © of this section shall, upon a first conviction, be deemed guilty of a violation and fined not more than five hundred dollars ($500), and upon a second or subsequent conviction, shall be deemed guilty of a petty misdemeanor and fined not more than five hundred dollars ($500) and/or imprisoned for not more than six (6) months. Any person, firm, corporation, or association who violates the provisions of subsection (d) shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars ($100).
No laws on laser pointers.
Tennessee Code Title 39. Criminal Offenses
§ 39-16-515. Activation and pointing of laser at law enforcement officer; penalty
(a) It is an offense to knowingly activate and point a laser pointer or other device utilizing a laser beam at a person known to be a law enforcement officer while the officer is in the performance of such officer’s official duties with the intent to place such officer in fear of serious bodily injury or death.
(1) The law enforcement officer must actually be placed in fear of serious bodily injury or death;
(3) Based upon the facts and circumstances surrounding the defendant’s conduct, the fear must be founded upon reasonable grounds.
© A violation of this section is a Class A misdemeanor.
Other laws govern medical / industrial lasers & their use and resale.
§ 42.13. Use of Laser Pointers
© An offense under this section is a Class C misdemeanor.
Other statutes cover medical / industrial use.
Utah Code Title 76. Utah Criminal Code
§ 76-10-2501. Unlawful use of a laser pointer–Definitions—Penalties
(a) “Laser light” means light that is amplified by stimulated emission of radiation.
(b) “Laser pointer” means any portable device that emits a visible beam of laser light that may be directed at a person.
© “Law enforcement officer” means an officer under Section 53-13-103.
Other laws govern medical / industrial use.
No laws specifically governing laser pointers.
Annotated Code of Virginia
§ 18.2-57.01. Pointing laser at law-enforcement officer unlawful; penalty
…A school board may regulate the use or possession of beepers or other portable communications devices and laser pointers by students on school property or attending school functions or activities and establish disciplinary procedures pursuant to this article to which students violating such regulations will be subject.
Other laws govern medical and industrial use.
9A.49.001. Findings (Lasers)
9A.49.010. Definitions
(1) “Aircraft” means any contrivance known or hereafter invented, used, or designed for navigation of or flight in air.
(2) “Laser” means any device designed or used to amplify electromagnetic radiation by simulated [stimulated] emission which is visible to the human eye.
(3) “Laser sighting system or device” means any system or device which is integrated with or affixed to a firearm and which emits a laser light beam that is used by the shooter to assist in the sight alignment of that firearm.
9A.49.020. Unlawful discharge of a laser in the first degree
(a) At a law enforcement officer or other employee of a law enforcement agency who is performing his or her official duties in uniform or exhibiting evidence of his or her authority, and in a manner that would support that officer’s or employee’s reasonable belief that he or she is targeted with a laser sighting device or system; or
© At a pilot, causing an impairment of the safety or operation of an aircraft or causing an interruption or impairment of service rendered to the public by negatively affecting the pilot; or
(d) At a fire fighter or other employee of a fire department, county fire marshal’s office, county fire prevention bureau, or fire protection district who is performing his or her official duties, causing an impairment of the safety or operation of an emergency vehicle or causing an interruption or impairment of service rendered to the public by negatively affecting the fire fighter or employee; or
9A.49.030. Unlawful discharge of a laser in the second degree
(a) At a person, not described in RCW 9A.49.020(1)(a) through (f), who is operating a motor vehicle at the time, causing an impairment of the safety or operation of a motor vehicle by negatively affecting the driver; or
(b) At a person described in RCW 9A.49.020(1)(b) through (f), causing a substantial risk of an impairment or interruption as described in RCW 9A.49.020(1)(b) through (f); or
© At a person in order to intimidate or threaten that person.
9A.49.040. Civil infraction, when
9A.49.050. Exclusions
Other regulations govern medical / police speed trap / and industrial use.
(a) “Correctional officer” has the meaning given in s. 941.237(1)(b).
(b) “Laser pointer” means a hand-held device that uses light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation to emit a beam of light that is visible to the human eye.
© “Law enforcement officer” means a Wisconsin law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 175.46(1)(g), or a federal law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 175.40(7)(a)1.
(a) Intentionally direct a beam of light from a laser pointer at any part of the body of a correctional officer or law enforcement officer without the officer’s consent, if the person knows or has reason to know that the victim is a correctional officer or law enforcement officer who is acting in an official capacity.
© Intentionally direct a beam of light from a laser pointer in a manner that could reasonably be expected to alarm, intimidate, threaten or terrify another person.
(3)(a) Whoever violates sub.
(2) (a) is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor.
(b) Whoever violates sub. (2)(b), © or (d) is subject to a Class B forfeiture.
© A person may be charged with a violation of sub. (2)(a) or (b) or both for an act involving the same victim. If the person is charged with violating both sub. (2)(a) and (b) with respect to the same victim, the charges shall be joined. If the person is found guilty of both sub. (2)(a) and (b) for an act involving the same victim, the charge under sub. (2)(b) shall be dismissed and the person may be sentenced only under sub. (2)(a).
Other laws cover hunting with laser sights, medical use, industrial use, and speed enforcement.
No laws on laser pointers. Medical use and industrial use are regulated.