Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP4023572B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-07 22:20:09
Document Index: 200713508

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 4', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 4', 'art 5']

JP4023572B2 - Automatic surveying machine - Google Patents
Automatic surveying machine Download PDF
JP4023572B2
JP4023572B2 JP26384198A JP26384198A JP4023572B2 JP 4023572 B2 JP4023572 B2 JP 4023572B2 JP 26384198 A JP26384198 A JP 26384198A JP 26384198 A JP26384198 A JP 26384198A JP 4023572 B2 JP4023572 B2 JP 4023572B2
JP26384198A
JP2000097699A (en
1998-09-18 Application filed by 株式会社トプコン filed Critical 株式会社トプコン
1998-09-18 Priority to JP26384198A priority Critical patent/JP4023572B2/en
2000-04-07 Publication of JP2000097699A publication Critical patent/JP2000097699A/en
2007-12-19 Publication of JP4023572B2 publication Critical patent/JP4023572B2/en
The present invention relates to an automatic survey instrument for automatically tracking a target object, in particular a reflection light tracking light, range-finding light, it relates to an automatic survey instrument having a telescopic optical system is divided into visible light.
FIG. 2 shows an essential part of the automatic surveying instrument. The automatic surveying instrument is equipped with a leveling unit 1 attached to a tripod, a base unit 2 provided in the leveling unit 1, and the base unit as in a general surveying instrument. 2 includes a rack part 3 provided to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and a telescope part 4 provided to the rack part 3 to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. Further, in the automatic surveying instrument, the frame unit 3 and the telescope unit 4 are driven to rotate by a built-in motor (not shown) and can be operated remotely or automatically.
The telescope unit 4 has an optical system that emits measurement light and receives reflection from the target object, collimates the target object based on the received reflected light, and detects and tracks the target object. Tracking means and distance measuring means for measuring the distance to the target object are provided.
Thus, the measurement light emitted from the telescope unit 4 is reflected by the mirror provided on the target object , and the measurer collimates the surveying instrument with respect to the target object by receiving the reflected light. Alternatively, distance measurement is performed, or automatic tracking of the target object is performed.
In the surveying instrument that automatically tracks the target object described above, the irradiated measurement light includes different wavelength bands for tracking and ranging, and the reflected light reflected and received by the target object is used for tracking and measurement. The distance is divided for each purpose, visible light and purpose, and distance measurement and tracking are performed using the divided ranging light and tracking light. Such wavelength division is performed by optical means arranged on the optical path of the optical system of the telescope unit 4. A dichroic prism is often used as an optical means for dividing into a plurality of wavelength bands.
An optical system of a conventional automatic surveying instrument having optical means for dividing the wavelength into three will be described with reference to FIG.
The optical system includes an objective lens 5, a focusing lens 6, an erecting prism 7, a focusing mirror 8, and an eyepiece lens 9, and a dichroic prism 10 that is an optical means is disposed between the objective lens 5 and the focusing lens 6. Further, a reflection mirror 11 for emitting tracking light is disposed between the objective lens 5 and the dichroic prism 10.
The focusing lens 6 is provided so as to be movable on the optical axis O, forms a laser beam incident on the focusing mirror 8 through the objective lens 5, and the erecting prism 7 is applied to the focusing mirror 8. The image to be formed is an erect image, the focusing mirror 8 has a scale that captures the target object at the collimation center, and the eyepiece 9 uses the image of the target object formed on the focusing mirror 8 as the image. An image is formed on the surveyor's retina together with the scale. A tracking optical system (not shown) is disposed on the reflection optical axis of the reflection mirror 11 so that the target object is irradiated with a laser beam of the tracking light via the reflection mirror 11.
The dichroic prism 10 has two first dichroic mirror surfaces 15 and 16 that traverse the optical path, and a tracking light receiving unit (not shown) is disposed facing the first dichroic mirror surface 15. A light receiving / emitting divided mirror 17 of the distance measuring optical system is disposed opposite to the second dichroic mirror surface 16. The distance measuring optical system irradiates a target object with a distance measuring laser beam via the light receiving / emitting splitting mirror 17 and receives a distance measuring reflected laser beam via the light receiving / emitting split mirror 17. It has become.
As described above, the measurement light to be irradiated includes different wavelength bands for tracking and distance measurement. As the wavelength band, for example, visible light of 400 to 650 nm is used for collimation, infrared light of 650 nm is used for tracking, and infrared light of 800 nm is used for ranging.
The reflected light incident from the objective lens 5 is reflected by the first dichroic mirror surface 15, and the tracking light is separated from other ranging and visible light. The tracking light receiving unit receives the tracking reflected light, and a control unit (not shown) of the automatic surveying instrument main body drives the motor according to the received light result so that the target object is positioned at the collimation center of the surveying instrument. Adjust automatically.
The laser beam transmitted through the first dichroic mirror surface 15 is further reflected by the second dichroic mirror surface 16 to separate the distance measuring light and the visible light. The separated distance measuring light is received by the distance measuring optical system and the distance is measured. Further, the visible light transmitted through the second dichroic mirror surface 16 is visually recognized by the surveyor through the eyepiece lens 9, and collimation at the time of installing the automatic surveying instrument and collimation at the time of measurement are performed.
In the above-described conventional automatic surveying instrument, the dichroic prism 10 that divides the visible light, the tracking light, and the distance measuring light into the wavelength band of the reflected light incident on the optical axis of the telescope unit 4 is the tracking reflected light and the distance reflected light In this configuration, the light is sequentially divided into visible light. The dichroic prism 10 has a first dichroic mirror surface 15 having a size required to allow the light beam transmitted through the objective lens 5 to enter and a length required to reflect the tracking reflected light and the distance measuring reflected light. The second dichroic mirror surface 16 is required. For this reason, the dichroic prism 10 is necessarily considerably large. The large dichroic prism 10 is expensive and enlarges the telescope unit 4. When the telescope unit 4 is enlarged, a part of the electric circuit of the electric system and the distance measuring system is provided on the rack side, and there is a problem that the surveying instrument itself is large and heavy, and the weight increases. Driving power has also increased, causing problems such as having to prepare a separate power source.
Further, since the first dichroic mirror surface 15 of the dichroic prism 10 divides only a part of infrared light and visible light, the optical film generated on the first dichroic mirror surface 15 is complicated. And expensive.
In view of such circumstances, the present invention aims to reduce the size of the optical means for wavelength-dividing incident light, simplify the optical film formed on the reflecting surface of the optical means, reduce the cost of the optical means, or reduce the size of the automatic surveying instrument. It aims to make it easier.
The present invention is located on the optical axis between the objective lens and the focusing lens, and has a first reflecting surface that transmits at least visible light, and a second reflecting surface that transmits at least a predetermined wavelength, Reflected light from the first reflecting surface reaches the second reflecting surface, and reflected light from the second reflecting surface relates to an automatic surveying instrument having optical means intersecting the optical axis, and The first reflection surface is a dichroic mirror and transmits at least visible light, the second reflection surface is a dichroic mirror and is related to an automatic surveying instrument that transmits at least one infrared wavelength, and further, the first reflection surface of the dichroic mirror The reflecting surface of the automatic transmission device transmits light of 400 to 650 nm, reflects light of 650 to 850 nm, the second reflecting surface reflects light of 650 to 720 nm, and transmits light of 720 to 850 nm, plural Only one is located on the inner optical axis of the plurality of reflecting surfaces that divide the incident light having a long band into a plurality of wavelengths, so that the length in the optical axis direction is shortened, and the optical means is miniaturized. Furthermore, since visible light only passes through one reflecting surface, the attenuation factor of visible light can be kept low.
1 that are the same as those shown in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
An objective lens 5, a focusing lens 6, an erecting prism 7, a focusing mirror 8, and an eyepiece lens 9 are sequentially disposed on the optical axis O, and optical means, preferably between the objective lens 5 and the focusing lens 6. A dichroic prism 20 is provided.
In the dichroic prism 20, wedge-shaped prisms 22 and 23 are attached to the opposing surfaces of the pentagonal prism 21 to form a first dichroic mirror surface 24 and a second dichroic mirror surface 25.
The first dichroic mirror surface 24 transmits visible light and reflects infrared light in the incident reflected light, and the second dichroic mirror surface 25 transmits distance measuring light and reflects tracking light. To do. A distance measuring optical system (not shown) is provided on the reflected optical axis of the first dichroic mirror surface 24, and a tracking light receiving unit (not shown) is provided on the reflected optical axis of the second dichroic mirror surface 25. A tracking light emitting section (not shown) is provided on the tracking light receiving section side. In the figure, reference numeral 26 denotes a light receiving / emitting division mirror of the distance measuring optical system, which is arranged sideways so as to divide the light beam in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
The dichroic mirror surface transmits visible light of 400 to 650 nm, for example, and reflects 650 to 850 nm. The second dichroic mirror surface reflects 650 to 720 nm and transmits 720 to 850 nm.
When the reflected measurement light reflected by the target object enters from the objective lens 5, infrared light, that is, tracking reflected light and distance measurement reflected light are reflected by the first dichroic mirror surface 24, and visible light is transmitted. The transmitted visible light is imaged by the focusing lens 6 by the focusing mirror 8, and the focused image is again focused on the surveyor's retina together with the scale of the focusing mirror 8, and collimation is performed.
The second dichroic mirror surface 25 reflects tracking light and transmits distance measuring light among infrared light reflected by the first dichroic mirror surface 24. The tracking reflected light is emitted from the pentagonal prism 21 in a direction intersecting the optical axis O and received by the tracking light receiving unit. The attitude of the automatic surveying instrument is automatically adjusted so that the target object is positioned at the collimation center of the surveying instrument, as described above, based on the result received by the tracking light receiving unit. The distance-measuring reflected light transmitted through the second dichroic mirror surface 25 is received by a distance-measuring optical system (not shown) to measure the distance. The optical axis O and the reflected optical axis of the second dichroic mirror surface 25 may or may not be in the same plane.
Since both the first dichroic mirror surface 24 and the second dichroic mirror surface 25 are divided into two parts at a predetermined wavelength, the optical film to be formed is simple and inexpensive. Further, the dichroic mirror surface transmits light by selecting a wavelength and reflects the other, but it does not transmit completely. Therefore, when the light passes through the dichroic mirror surface for a plurality of times, the attenuation effect is large and the amount of transmitted light is reduced. In the present invention, since the visible light only passes through the first dichroic mirror surface 24 once, the amount of transmitted light increases, and clear collimation can be performed.
The dichroic mirror surface disposed on the optical axis O may be one surface of the first dichroic mirror surface 24, and the other second dichroic mirror surface 25 is located away from the optical axis O. For this reason, the dimension of the dichroic prism 20 in the optical axis direction is shortened. Therefore, the distance between the dichroic prism 20 and the objective lens 5 can be increased by arranging the dichroic prism 20 at a position close to the focusing lens 6. As a result, the beam diameter of the laser beam incident on the dichroic prism 20 is reduced, and the dichroic prism 20 can be reduced in size.
As described above, according to the present invention, since the dichroic prism can be downsized, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and a space for storing the tracking system, ranging system electric circuit, etc. can be secured on the telescope side, and the automatic surveying instrument. Overall size and weight can be reduced. Furthermore, since the attenuation of visible light can be reduced, it is possible to achieve a clear collimation and improve workability.
FIG. 1 is a main part configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an external view of a main part of an automatic surveying instrument in which the present invention is implemented.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a main part of a conventional example.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Leveling part 2 Base part 3 Mounting part 4 Telescope part 5 Objective lens 6 Focusing lens 7 Erecting prism 8 Focusing mirror 9 Eyepiece 20 Dichroic prism 21 Pent type prism 22 Wedge type prism 23 Wedge type prism 24 1st dichroic Mirror surface 25 Second dichroic mirror surface
In an automatic surveying instrument having a telephoto optical system that divides reflected light reflected and received by a target object into tracking light, ranging light, and visible light having different wavelengths, the telephoto optical system includes an objective lens and a focusing lens. Optical means positioned on the optical axis between the first reflective surface that transmits visible light and reflects tracking light and ranging light, and the first reflective surface. An automatic surveying instrument having a second reflecting surface on which reflected tracking light and ranging light are incident and which divides the tracking light and ranging light .
The first reflective surface is a dichroic mirror that transmits at least visible light and reflects infrared light, and the second reflective surface is a dichroic mirror that transmits at least one infrared wavelength and transmits other infrared light. The automatic surveying instrument according to claim 1, which reflects light .
The first reflecting surface of the dichroic mirror transmits light of 400 to 650 nm, reflects 650 to 850 nm, and the second reflecting surface reflects light of 650 to 720 nm and transmits 720 to 850 nm. Automatic surveying machine.
JP26384198A 1998-09-18 1998-09-18 Automatic surveying machine Expired - Fee Related JP4023572B2 (en)
JP26384198A JP4023572B2 (en) 1998-09-18 1998-09-18 Automatic surveying machine
US09/391,580 US6222678B1 (en) 1998-09-18 1999-09-08 Automatic survey instrument
DE69931320T DE69931320T2 (en) 1998-09-18 1999-09-20 Automatic surveying instrument
EP99307418A EP0987517B1 (en) 1998-09-18 1999-09-20 Automatic survey instrument
JP2000097699A JP2000097699A (en) 2000-04-07
JP4023572B2 true JP4023572B2 (en) 2007-12-19
JP26384198A Expired - Fee Related JP4023572B2 (en) 1998-09-18 1998-09-18 Automatic surveying machine
US9746683B2 (en) 2015-08-12 2017-08-29 Topcon Corporation Automatic survey instrument
SE524655C2 (en) * 2002-06-19 2004-09-14 Trimble Ab Electronic distance and angle measuring device
1998-09-18 JP JP26384198A patent/JP4023572B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
1999-09-08 US US09/391,580 patent/US6222678B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
1999-09-20 EP EP99307418A patent/EP0987517B1/en not_active Not-in-force
1999-09-20 DE DE69931320T patent/DE69931320T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
EP0987517A3 (en) 2001-04-18
EP0987517B1 (en) 2006-05-17
US6222678B1 (en) 2001-04-24
JP2000097699A (en) 2000-04-07
DE69931320T2 (en) 2006-10-26
DE69931320D1 (en) 2006-06-22
EP0987517A2 (en) 2000-03-22
CN100595604C (en) 2010-03-24 Distance-measuring equipment using light wave