Source: http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=7D465E9B-1
Timestamp: 2017-12-11 07:40:35
Document Index: 685350538

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 3']

Species at Risk Public Registry - Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Canada - 2016
Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Canada - 2016
Environment Canada. 2016. Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Environment Canada, Ottawa. 24 pp. + Appendix.
« Programme de rétablissement du trille à pédoncule incliné (Trillium flexipes) au Canada »
Recovery Strategy for Droping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Canada 2016
Environment Canada is adopting the provincial recovery strategy with the exception of section 2, Recovery. In place of section 2, Environment Canada is establishing its own critical habitat and performance indicators and adopting the Government of Ontario's goal and government-led and government-supported actions of the Drooping Trillium: Ontario Government Response Statement Footnote 1 (Part 3) as broad strategies and general approaches to meet the population objective.
Part 1 – Federal Addition to the Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Ontario , prepared by Environment Canada.
Part 2 - Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Ontario , prepared by Jarmo Jalava and John D. Ambrose for the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Footnote 2.
Part 3 – Drooping Trillium: - Ontario Government Response Statement , prepared by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.
Part 1 - Federal Addition to the Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Ontario , prepared by Environment Canada
The federal, provincial, and territorial government signatories under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996), agreed to establish complementary legislation and programs that provide for effective protection of species at risk throughout Canada. Under the Species at Risk Act (S.C. 2002, c.29) (SARA), the federal competent ministers are responsible for the preparation of recovery strategies for listed Extirpated, Endangered, and Threatened species and are required to report on progress within five years after the publication of the final document on the SAR Public Registry.
The Minister of the Environment is the competent minister under SARA for the Drooping Trillium and has prepared the federal component of this recovery strategy (Part 1), as per section 37 of SARA. SARA section 44 allows the Minister to adopt all or part of an existing plan for the species if it meets the requirements under SARA for content (sub-sections 41(1) or (2)). The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (now the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry) led the development of the attached recovery strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Part 2) in cooperation with Environment Canada.
The recovery strategy sets the strategic direction to arrest or reverse the decline of the species, including identification of critical habitat to the extent possible. It provides all Canadians with information to help take action on species conservation. When the recovery strategy identifies critical habitat, there may be future regulatory implications, depending on where the critical habitat is identified. SARA requires that critical habitat identified within federal protected areas be described in the Canada Gazette, after which prohibitions against its destruction will apply. For critical habitat located on federal lands outside of federal protected areas, the Minister of Environment and Climate Change must either make a statement on existing legal protection or make an order so that the prohibition against destruction of critical habitat applies. For critical habitat located on non-federal lands, if the Minister of Environment and Climate Change forms the opinion that any portion of critical habitat is not protected by provisions in or measures under SARA or other Acts of Parliament, and not effectively protected by the laws of the province or territory, SARA requires that the Minister recommend that the Governor in Council make an order to extend the prohibition against destruction of critical habitat to that portion. The discretion to protect critical habitat on non-federal lands that is not otherwise protected rests with the Governor in Council.
In Canada, Drooping Trillium is ranked as Critically Imperilled both nationally (N1) and provincially (S1) in Ontario (NatureServe 2014). Drooping Trillium is listed as Endangered Footnote 3 on Schedule 1 of the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA), and as Endangered in Ontario under the provincial Endangered Species Act , 2007 (ESA 2007).
Globally, Drooping Trillium ( Trillium flexipes ) is regarded as Secure Footnote 4 (G5) (NatureServe 2014). In the United States, it is ranked nationally as Secure (N5) (NatureServe 2014). It is ranked Critically Imperilled Footnote 5 (S1) in Arkansas, Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi, New York and Virginia; Critically Imperilled to Imperilled Footnote 6 (S2) in Pennsylvania and West Virginia; Imperilled/VulnerableFootnote 7 (S2S3) in Alabama; Vulnerable in Iowa (S3); and Vulnerable/ Apparently Secure Footnote 8 (S3S4) in Illinois. Drooping Trillium has not been ranked (SNR) in Delaware, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota Missouri, Tennessee, Wisconsin and Ohio.
Yes. Several areas that supported Drooping Trillium historically have been significantly altered (COSEWIC 2009) and it is unlikely that they would be suitable without restoration; however, habitat management and restoration is feasible to ensure long-term recovery. Habitat improvement can be achieved through the implementation of best management practices that were developed by Carolinian Canada Coalition in 2011 Footnote 9 , such as reducing stream alteration and avoiding logging near Drooping Trillium populations.
The current range of Drooping Trillium is limited to southwestern Ontario and includes two extant occurrences. Both occurrences are believed to be viable ( Drooping Trillium: Ontario Government Response Statement (Part 3)). Recent counts at the Strathroy site show increased stem counts, however, consistent long-term monitoring protocols are needed to support any conclusions on population abundance (Harris and Foster 2008).
Identification of critical habitat is not a component of the provincial recovery strategy under the Province of Ontario's ESA. Under the ESA, when a species becomes listed as endangered or threatened on the Species at Risk in Ontario List, it automatically receives general habitat protection. Drooping Trillium currently receives general habitat protection under the ESA; however, a description of the general habitat has not yet been developed. In some cases, a habitat regulation may be developed that replaces the general habitat protection. A habitat regulation is a legal instrument that prescribes an area that will be protected Footnote 10 as the habitat of the species by the Province of Ontario. A habitat regulation has not been developed for the Drooping Trillium under the ESA, therefore, this federal recovery strategy identifies critical habitat for the Drooping Trillium to the extent possible, based on the best available information as of May 2014. Critical habitat is identified for the two extant populations of Drooping Trillium in Ontario and is sufficient to meet the population and distribution objective; therefore a schedule of studies is not required. More precise boundaries may be mapped, and additional critical habitat may be added in the future if new or additional information supports the inclusion of areas beyond those currently identified (e.g., new sites become colonized downstream or in adjacent areas).
well-drained loam and sandy soils that are circumneutral occurringFootnote 11 over calcareous bedrock
Application of the critical habitat criteria to available data identifies 2 units of critical habitat for the Drooping Trillium in Canada, totaling up to 35 ha Footnote 12 (Figure 2, See also Table 1). Critical habitat identified for Drooping Trillium is presented within a 1 x 1 km UTM grid. The 1 x 1 km UTM grid is part of a standardized grid system that indicates the general geographic areas containing critical habitat, which can be used for land use planning and/or environmental assessment purposes. In addition to providing these benefits, the 1 x 1 km UTM grid respects provincial data-sharing agreements. The areas of critical habitat within each grid square are defined by the criteria established in section 5.1. More detailed information on critical habitat may be requested on a need-to-know basis by contacting Environment Canada – Canadian Wildlife Service at ec.planificationduretablissement-recoveryplanning.ec@canada.ca.
"See Table 1 below for details"
UTM Grid Square Coordinates - EastingFootnote b
Land tenureFootnoted
Based on the standard UTM Military Grid Reference System, where the first two digits represent the UTM Zone, the following two letters indicate the 100 x 100 km standardized UTM grid, followed by two digits to represent the 10 x 10 km standardized UTM grid. The last two digits represent the 1 x 1 km standardized UTM grid containing all or a portion of the critical habitat unit. This unique alphanumeric code is based on the methodology produced from the Breeding Bird Atlases of Canada (See Bird Studies Canada/ for more information on breeding bird atlases).
The Canadian range of Drooping Trillium is limited to extreme southwestern Ontario and includes two extant occurrences Footnote 13 in Middlesex and Elgin counties and five historical occurrences (Figure 1). An occurrence in the Niagara Glen was last documented in 1950 and other historical occurrences in Middlesex and Essex Footnote 14 counties have not been seen since the late 1800s (NHIC 2011). Data regarding the five historical occurrences are imprecise, but the Niagara Glen occurrence is considered extirpated by NHIC (2011), and given the levels of landscape modification in the area, it seems likely that the Essex occurrences are also no longer extant.
Figure 1 maps the four extirpated occurrences and two extant occurrences of Drooping Trillium in southern Ontario.
At the two extant Ontario occurrences, relatively high population densities and greater plant vigour have been observed along a walking trail and in a selectively logged forest (McLeod 1996, Harris and Foster 2008, NHIC 2011). This suggests that light selective logging has not seriously impacted the habitat of the species and that low levels of pedestrian trail use (to a certain threshold) may in fact benefit the species by maintaining a slightly open canopy. Minimum canopy cover of 75% should be retained however. An optimum level of disturbance may be a requirement of the species.
COSEWIC (2009) and Harris and Foster (2008) provide detailed habitat descriptions for the two extant occurrences in Ontario:
At the Sydenham River occurrence, overstorey vegetation consists mainly of White Ash (Fraxinus americana), Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum), Sugar Maple (A. saccharum), Manitoba Maple (A. negundo) and Basswood (Tilia americana). Most plants are on the floodplain of the Sydenham River but occur mainly on slightly-raised, drier microhabitats than the surrounding Skunk Cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus). A few plants occur on the banks of the ravine. The shrub layer varies from open with only a few scattered shrubs and saplings, to areas where more densely concentrated patches occur. Common woody species include Gray Dogwood (Cornus racemosa), Witch-hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) and introduced honeysuckles (Lonicera spp.). The main herbaceous species associated with Drooping Trillium at this site are Ostrich Fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris), Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata), Wild Ginger (Asarum canadense) and Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum).
At the Thames River site most plants occur on upper terraces above the floodplain. Overstorey vegetation is mainly American Beech (Fagus americanus), Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis), Black Maple (Acer nigrum), American Elm (Ulmus americana), Slippery Elm (U. rubra), White Ash and Blue Ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata). Most of the habitat was subjected to selective logging in about 2003 when most trees greater than about 25 cm diameter at breast height (1.3 m) were cut. The resultant stand has a fairly open canopy with dense regeneration of False Solomon's-seal (Maianthemum racemosum). The most common ground cover associates were White Baneberry (Actaea pachypoda), Trout Lily (Erythronium canadensis), Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Spotted Jewelweed (Impatiens capensis), False Solomon's-seal, May-apple (Podophyllum peltatum), Bluestem Goldenrod (Solidago (caesia) and Garlic Mustard. The site was apparently also logged prior to 1970 (McLeod 1996).
knowledge of the degree to which Drooping Trillium hybridizes with other trillium species in OntarioFootnote 15 ;
1. Protect and manage habitat to establish and maintain a viable population of Drooping Trillium in Ontario. Beneficial Long-term Protection 1.3 Identify key sites to secure in the context of the overall Carolinian Woodlands Recovery StrategyFootnote 16 .
2. Determine abundance, extent, health and dynamics of Drooping Trillium populations in Ontario through inventory and regular monitoring. Necessary Short-term Inventory, Monitoring and Assessment Develop monitoring strategy for Drooping Trillium.
Approaches to recovery for Drooping Trillium will be incorporated into the implementation strategies of the Carolinian Woodland Recovery Strategy (Jalava et al. 2008, Jalava and Mansur 2008) and associated action plans. The focus of the Carolinian Woodland Recovery Strategy is to improve the integrity of those portions of the Carolinian woodland landscape in which species at risk occur. This initiative will be undertaken in concert with other broader ecosystem-based strategies such as the Sydenham River (Dextrase et al. 2003) and Thames River (TRRT 2007) recovery strategies, Conservation Action Planning for Carolinian ecosystem recovery, Ontario's Biodiversity Strategy, and the Nature Conservancy of Canada's Conservation Blueprint and Natural Area Conservation Plans.
- threats prioritized and mitigation plans developed by 2014; and,
- threat abatement measures initiated in 2014.
A distance of 120 m from the outer limits of the area occupied by Drooping Trillium plants in order to protect the hydrological regime Footnote 17.
Liste des espèces en péril en Ontario : Règlement, passé en vertu de l'article 7 de la Loi de 2007 sur les espèces en voie de disparition , qui établit les statuts de conservation officiels des espèces en péril en Ontario. Cette liste a d'abord été publiée en 2004 à titre de politique, puis est devenue un règlement en 2008.
Ransom-Hodges, A. 2006. Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes). Canadian Biodiversity series, McGill University. On-line document (http://biology.mcgill.ca/undergra/c465a/biodiver/2002/drooping-trillium/trillium_flexipes.htm)
Part 3 – Drooping Trillium: Ontario Government Response Statement , prepared by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources
The recovery strategy for Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) was published June 15, 2012.
Government -Supported Actions
Objective: Protect and manage Drooping Trillium habitat.
(HIGH) Conduct standardized survey and monitoring for Drooping Trillium to:
Objective: Improve knowledge of the species' biology, ecology, habitat, and threats.
We would like to thank all those who participated in the development of the "Recovery Strategy for the Drooping Trillium (Trillium flexipes) in Ontario" for their dedication to protecting and recovering species at risk.
(http://caroliniancanada.ca/bmp/drooping-trillium)
The two historic occurrences in Essex are covered by the same shading in Figure 1.