Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/ES2392244T3/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-24 02:43:36
Document Index: 196971345

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3101', 'art 3102', 'art 3103', 'art 3104', 'art 3105', 'art 3109', 'art 3101', 'art 3010', 'art 3102', 'art 3103', 'art 3101', 'art 3104', 'art 3105', 'art 3104', 'art 3104', 'art 3201', 'art 3202', 'art 3203', 'art 3204', 'art 3205', 'art 3201', 'art 3202', 'art 3101', 'art 3201', 'art 3101', 'art 3203', 'art 3102', 'art 3201', 'art 3204', 'art 3201', 'art 3205', 'art 3201']

ES2392244T3 - 3D image display device - Google Patents
ES2392244T3
ES2392244T3 ES10195256T ES10195256T ES2392244T3 ES 2392244 T3 ES2392244 T3 ES 2392244T3 ES 10195256 T ES10195256 T ES 10195256T ES 10195256 T ES10195256 T ES 10195256T ES 2392244 T3 ES2392244 T3 ES 2392244T3
ES10195256T
2002-09-27 Priority to JP2002283850 priority Critical
2002-09-27 Priority to JP2002283850 priority
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002318883 priority
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002319059A priority patent/JP2004165710A/en
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002318895A priority patent/JP4713054B2/en
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002318895 priority
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002318971A priority patent/JP2004165709A/en
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002319059 priority
2002-10-31 Priority to JP2002318971 priority
2002-11-15 Priority to JP2002332829A priority patent/JP4145122B2/en
2002-11-15 Priority to JP2002332829 priority
2003-09-26 Application filed by Sharp Corp filed Critical Sharp Corp
2012-12-07 Publication of ES2392244T3 publication Critical patent/ES2392244T3/en
A 3D image display unit for displaying a 3D image configured by means of an image series, which includes: a storage medium for storing in a predetermined storage area, control information (I2) arranged in a part of control information of a 3D image data format, said control information indicating the 3D intensity of the 3D image data also included in said 3D image data format, provided by the 3D image provider; a calculation part for calculating a value of the cumulative intensity that increases with time according to said 3D intensity, a control part of the display to perform a predetermined display operation, when said cumulative intensity is above the first threshold value, in which said display operation includes forming a 2D image from said 3D image to display said 2D image instead of said 3D image, and to resume in a predetermined time the visualization of said 3D image instead of said 2D image, and in which said part of the calculation calculates a value of the cumulative intensity that decreases with time during the display of the 2D image and, when said cumulative intensity is below a second threshold value, said display operation includes resuming the display of said 3D image instead of said 2D image.
The present invention relates to a 3D image display unit for observing electronic images as 3D images.
Conventionally, each 3D image display unit, which uses a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube, cathode ray tube), an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or similar to display 3D images, moves two images in the direction of the width of the eye to obtain a parallax between said images, then showing said displaced images on the screen, so that they are recognized separately by the user's right and left eyes. In this way, the user comes to recognize a 3D image, configured by means of these two images.
Patent document 1 (official published Japanese Patent Application Bulletin No. 16351/1995) discloses a gaming machine with 3D visualization that forcibly changes 3D images to ordinary 2D images, in the case of that a predetermined allowable 3D viewing time has been reached. Patent document 2 (official unexamined Japanese patent application bulletin number 333479/1994) discloses an image display unit that has an internal stopwatch used to forcefully disconnect the power from the unit, in the case of that the first predetermined time has been reached after the unit has been connected. Then, the unit is not powered until the second predetermined time is reached. This serves to prevent continued use of the unit, prolonged over time.
EP-A-0 963 122 discloses a visual imaging system constructed in a manner that includes: a three-dimensional visual imager for transmitting a three-dimensional video signal, a section for detecting the amount of parallax, to detect a amount of parallax in the three-dimensional video signal from the three-dimensional visual imager, a section for estimating fatigue measurement, to estimate the degree of fatigue based on the amount of parallax detected and deliver a switching signal of the image corresponding to an amount that estimates the extent of fatigue; a 3D / 2D image switching section to provide an output that switches between three-dimensional and two-dimensional images based on the image switching signal; and an image display section to visualize a three-dimensional image or a three-dimensional image. Therefore, the visual image system fulfills the function of adequately controlling the degree of three-dimensionality of stereoscopic images, inferring from the video signal introduced the degree of the effects that are likely to occur on the observer.
Document US-A-6 141 036 discloses an image recording and reproduction apparatus that includes a recording processing unit for receiving video signals, at least in two different modes, and for recording video signals received together with signals that indicate the mode of the video signals. A signal reading unit reads a video signal and the corresponding mode signal recorded by the recording processing unit, and a detection unit detects the video signal mode from the signal mode read by the recording unit. Signal reading A generating unit generates a signal based on the video signal, according to the detected mode of the video signal, so that the generated signal has a format corresponding to the mode of the video signal.
However, the technique disclosed by the patent document 1 continues to visualize in 3D without adjustment of the parallax, even when the user's sensitivity to the parallax is reduced due to a long-term observation, so that it accuses eye fatigue. In other words, the unit cannot provide a careful adjustment of capacity, for example, an adjustment to relax the user's eye load by gradually reducing parallax in such a case. On the other hand, the technique disclosed by patent document number 2, in the case where the power of the unit is disconnected, cannot connect the power until a certain period has elapsed. For example, in the case of a display unit that can display images by switching between the property of 2D display and 3D display, the unit cannot meet the user's goal of disconnecting power only when 3D images are displayed. for a prolonged period, to protect the user from eye fatigue. And once the power has been forcedly disconnected, the 2D display, which requires a smaller load on the user's eyes, is uninhabited until a predetermined time has been reached.
In addition, in the case where 3D images are digitally emitted, for example, none of the conventional techniques has allowed a broadcast station to establish a time limit to continuously visualize 3D images, in accordance with the objective of a creator of content or a content provider.
The degree of intensity of 3D differs, in general, between 3D images. This is why it is not considered appropriate to apply the same allowable viewing time to high intensity 3D images and low intensity 3D images, to limit 3D vision. And this is because the load on the user's eyes is determined by the degree of said 3D intensity. Each of the previous conventional techniques has also faced the problem that it has not been examined how to limit the observation of 3D images when the user, changing the channels of the receiver, continuously observes said 3D images with 3D intensity values different.
In the case of the techniques disclosed by the patent documents 1 and 2 above, the user's device has a stopwatch to measure the time elapsed in each 3D image display. And in the case where the measured time reaches a predetermined time limit, the user's device automatically switches the 3D images to 2D images. Therefore, the images are switched independently of the intention of the 3D image data creator, the broadcast station, the content provider, or the like.
In these circumstances, it is an objective of the present invention to disclose a 3D image display unit that can easily and flexibly control 3D images to protect the user from eye fatigue.
In accordance with the present invention, a 3D image display unit for displaying a 3D image configured by a series of images is disclosed, including: a storage medium for storing in a predetermined memory area, information on control provided in a control information part of a 3D image format, said control information indicating the 3D intensity of the 3D image data also included in said 3D image formats, provided by the image provider in 3D; a calculation part to calculate a cumulative intensity value that increases with time according to said 3D intensity, a display control part to perform a predetermined display operation, when said cumulative intensity is above a first value threshold, wherein said display operation includes forming a 2D image from said 3D image to display said 2D image instead of said 3D image and resume viewing of said 3D image in a predetermined time instead of said 2D image, and wherein said calculation part calculates a cumulative intensity value that decreases over time during a 2D image display and said display operation, when said cumulative intensity is below a second value threshold, includes resuming the display of said 3D image instead of said 2D image.
Preferably, the unit further includes an input part for introducing an external signal that includes a request signal for switching the display between a 3D image display and a 2D image display; and said request signal is canceled between the moment at which said 2D image display starts due to said display operation, and the moment at which said 3D image resume operation is performed.
For the present invention to be more readily understood, specific embodiments thereof will be described below, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a block diagram of a 3D image display unit of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a 2D image data structure and its display method used for the 3D image display unit, in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 is an example of how to form 3D image data and how to visualize it when the display means 3 is enabled for 3D visualization in the 3D image display unit of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is an example of how to form 3D image data and how to visualize it with the use of the 3D image display unit in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 is a flow chart of the processes for visualizing a 3D image with the use of the 3D image display unit of the first embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 6 is an example of how to form 3D image data and how to visualize it with the use of
3D image display unit of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is an example of the 3D image decoding means 500 for decoding F1 format data 3D image, in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is an example of F1 data of 3D image format, in the first embodiment of the present
invention; Figure 9 is an example of how to receive emitted 3D image contents, in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is an example of the flow of the 3D image format data F1 when using a medium of
recording as a transmission medium for F1 data, in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 is an example of the flow of data in 3D image format F1 when using a network such as transmission medium for the F1 data, in the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a block diagram of the 3D image display unit in the first embodiment of
the present invention, in the case where there are three input images managed in the unit; Figure 13 is an example of how to form 3D image data and how to visualize it in the first embodiment of the present invention, in the case where there are three input images managed in the unit of display:
Figure 14 is a block diagram of a 3D image display unit, in the second
embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 is a flow chart of the processes for visualizing a 3D image with the use of the unit of visualization of 3D images, in the second embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 16 is a block diagram of a 3D image display unit, in the third embodiment
of the present invention; Figure 17 is a flow chart of the operations of the 3D image display unit, in the third embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 18A to 18C are examples of how parallax is a 3D image and how the 3D image looks; Figure 19 is an example of a relationship between the intensity of 3D and the allowable time 3D visualization; Figure 20 is an example of the relationship between cumulative intensity and time; Figure 21 is another example of the relationship between display time and cumulative intensity; Figure 22 is a first example of the relationship between display time and cumulative intensity; Fig. 23 a block diagram of a 3D image coding device, in the fourth embodiment of the
24 is a block diagram of a 3D image decoding device, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention; Figure 25 is a block diagram of a 3D image display unit, in the fourth embodiment.
of the present invention; Figure 26 is the second example of the relationship between display time and cumulative intensity; Figure 27 is the third example of the relationship between display time and cumulative intensity; Figure 28 is an example of a format of a digital video tape with data recorded with the use of a
3D image display unit, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 29 is another example of the format of the digital video tape with data recorded with the use of a 3D image display unit, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 30 is another example of the format of the digital video tape with data recorded with the use of a 3D image display unit, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 31 is a block diagram of a 3D image recording unit, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 32 is a block diagram of the 3D image recording unit, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 33 is an example of F1 data of 3D image format, in the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 34 is an example of a flow of the 3D image format data F1, in the sixth embodiment of the present invention; Y
Figure 35 is a block diagram of a 3D image display unit, in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
BETTER WAY TO CARRY OUT THE INVENTION
Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a 3D image display unit in the first embodiment of the present invention.
First, a description will be made for the 3D image display unit that manages two input images.
In the first embodiment, the 3D image display unit comprises 3D image formation means 1, to form a 3D image from the images of the right and left eyes, a 2D image formation means 6 to form a 2D image from one of the images of the right eye and the left eye, switches 11 to 14 to switch between input / output images, a means 10 for controlling the switches to control each of the previous switches according to the M1 display information, to indicate whether 3D viewing or 2D viewing is allowed with the use of the image of each eye (L: image data of the left eye, R: image data of the right eye), a frame memory 2 for storing each image formed by means of 3D image formation means 1 or 2D image formation means 6 or the input image as such, display means 3 for displaying two i images in frame memory 2, such as a 3D image or a 2D image, according to the information M1 of the display mode, means 4 for measuring / estimating the time, to measure the display time of each 3D image , and parallax control means 5 for ordering the 3D imaging means to form a 3D image by adjusting the parallax of each of the image of the right eye and the image of the left eye, in the case where the 3D image display time exceeds a predetermined time. The information M1 of the display mode will be described later.
It is assumed that the display means 3 is of the type of two eyes, to separately visualize the images of the right eye and the images of the left eye (images of two views).
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the image data L of the left eye and the image data R of the right eye are input from the outside as input images A1 and A2 to the 3D image display unit, respectively. Next, the information M1 of the display mode is entered into the control means 10 of the switches, from the outside. There are four types of M1 information of the display mode; 3D image display mode (or 3D display mode), 2D image display mode of the left eye (2D display mode of the left eye), 2D image display mode of the right eye (display mode 2D right eye), and direct display mode of the input image (direct display mode). This 3D image display unit switches between 3D image display, 2D image display using a left eye image, 2D image display using a right eye image and direct image display input to display an input 2D image, according to the M1 information of the entered display mode. Table 1 summarizes the values of the M1 information of the display mode, the names of the modes and the images to be displayed in said modes.
M1 information of display mode
Mode name Display image
3D image display mode 3D images
2D image display mode of the left eye 2D image formed with the 2D image of the left eye of each 3D image
2D image display mode of the right eye 2D image formed with the 2D image of the right eye of each 3D image
Direct display mode of the input image Input images
First, a description of the operation of the display unit will be made in the case where the direct display mode of the input image is configured, in the information M1 of the display mode. In this case, for example, the display unit displays the input image A1 as is.
Next, the switch control means 10 disconnects the switches 11 and 12 and connects / disconnects the switches 13 and 14, so that the input image A1 is introduced as is to the frame memory 2 through said switches 13 and 14. In this way, the input image A1 is written to the frame memory 2 via switches 13 and 14. Next, the input image A1 is introduced to the display medium 3 from the memory 2 of picture. And the display means visualizes the input image A1 as a 2D image. At that time, the input image A1 can be replaced with the input image A2; It can be freely determined whether to use the input image A1 or A2.
Next, a description of the operation of the display unit will be made in the case where the 2D image display mode is configured in the M1 information of the display mode. The switch control means 10 disconnects the switches 11 and 12 and connects / disconnects the switches 13 and 14, so that the image data L of the left eye is introduced to the 2D image forming means 6, and the medium 2D image formation 6 is connected to frame memory 2, respectively. In this way, the image data L of the left eye is introduced into the 2D image formation medium 6, via the switch 13. Next, the 2D image formation means 6 forms 2D image data using the image of the left eye, after which the formed image is written in the frame memory 2, via the switch 14. Then, the 2D image data is entered into the display medium 3 from the frame memory 2. In this way, the display means 3 displays the 2D image data entered.
Figure 2 shows a data structure formed by means of 2D image formation 6, and a method for displaying the data in the case where the information M1 of the display mode indicates a way to visualize an image L of the eye left as a 2D image. In the case where it is assumed that the image data L of the left eye is decomposed into images of bands L1 to L8 in the vertical direction, part of the image data L of the left eye (in the thick table of the data L of Left eye image shown in Figure 2) is used as is, for 2D image data formed by 2D image formation means 6. In this case, it is assumed that L2 through L7 are displayed. In Figure 2, two frame views are shown, that is, front view and top view. In the top frame view, to simplify the drawing, the slots (to be described in detail below) used in the 3D viewing mode are not shown. As understood by FIG. 2, 2D image data 201 L2 through L7 are observed by the user's left eye. Therefore, the user can observe the image formed from the image data L of the left eye, as a 2D image.
As described above, although the display means 3 is enabled for 3D viewing and 2D viewing, the medium 3 may be enabled only for 3D viewing. Figure 3 shows an example of how the 2D image forming means 6 forms data and how the data is displayed in the case where the information M1 of the display mode indicates a display mode of the eye image data L left as a 2D image. And it is assumed, in this case, that the display means displays the same image as described with reference to Figure 2. The display means 3 has a screen on which slots 300 are arranged. Images L2, L4 and L6 tier type displayed in tables 301
they are sent to the user's left eye and the L3, L5 and L7 graded images are sent to the user's right eye, respectively, so that the user can observe the images formed from the image data L of the left eye , as a 2D image. The slots in the display of the display means 3 can be replaced with lenses.
In the case where the 2D image display mode of the right eye is configured in the M1 information of the display mode, a 2D image is formed from the image of the right eye and displayed on the screen, such as in the 2D image display mode of the left eye.
Next, the description for the operation of the display unit will be made when the 3D image display mode is configured in the information M1 of the display mode. In the case where the information M1 of the display mode specifies the 3D image display mode, the switch control means 10 connects the switches 11 and 12 and controls the switch 14 so that the forming means 1 3D image is connected to frame memory 2. In this way, the image data L of the left eye and the image data R of the right eye are introduced from the outside to the 3D imaging means 1, through the switch 11 and the switch 12, respectively. Therefore, the 3D imaging medium 1 forms 3D image data and writes the data formed in frame memory 2. Next, the 3D image data is entered from the frame memory 2 to the display medium 3. Finally, in the display medium it displays the entered 3D image data, such as a 3D image.
Figure 4 shows an example of how 3D image data is formed and how image data is displayed. In this case, it is assumed that the L1 to L8 grade-type images are obtained by decomposing the image data L of the left eye in the vertical direction and the R1 to R8 images of the gradation type are obtained by decomposing the image data R of the right eye in the vertical direction, respectively. It is assumed that the size of the images displayed in the horizontal direction is smaller than the size of the image data L of the left eye and the image data R of the right eye in the horizontal direction. For example, in the case where in fact the images included in the thick frame between the images of the right eye and the images of the left eye shown in Figure 4 have to be visualized, the 3D image data is formed using the images of type L2, R3, L4, R5, L6 and R7, as shown in Figure 4. And since slots 300 or lenses are arranged in the 3D image display unit, the images of type L2, L4 and L6 displayed in the 3D image data 301 are sent to the user's left eye, while the R3, R5 and R7 grade images displayed in the 3D image display unit are sent to the user's right eye, of so that the user can observe the image in 3D.
In the example shown in Figure 4, it is described how to form (combine) 3D image data by reducing and combining entered image data. While the 3D image forming means 1 shown in Figure 1 can be reduced and combined in this way, the reduction can be done by an external device and only the combination can be performed using the 3D image forming means 1. In the latter case, the image data L of the left eye and the image data R of the right eye introduced in the means 1 of 3D image formation from the outside, become configured by only L2, L4, L6 and L8 and only R1, R3, R5 and R7, respectively.
In this embodiment, an adjustment is made in such a way that the 3D image parallax is reduced, in the case where the 3D image display continues for a predetermined time. Next, referring to Figure 18, it will be described how the parallax of the 3D image is managed and how each 3D image is viewed.
In Figure 18, it is assumed that the distance between the user's left and right eyes is "e" and it is assumed that the distance between the user and the display screen is "L". And in Figure 18A, the image of the right eye and the image of the left eye are located at the same point (P1) of the screen. At this time, the user recognizes the image as if the image were on the flat screen.
Then, as shown in Figure 18B, the image observed by the right eye is shifted by a distance "w" from P1 to the left. The image of the right eye goes to the position of P2. At this time, the image is observed as if it were located in S1, so that the user recognizes the image as if he were leaving the screen at a distance "d" towards the user.
Then, as shown in Figure 18C, the image of the right eye is shifted by a distance "w" from the point P1 to the right. Therefore, the image of the right eye goes to the position of P3. At this time, the image looks as if it were located in S2. In this way, the user recognizes the image as if it were behind the display screen, at a distance "d".
Generally, the parallax of a 3D image differs between pixels. The 3D image printing of the user, received from the complete image, is called "parallax" in this case. The parallax is adjusted by modifying the
relative positions of the images of the left eye and the right eye in the horizontal direction, as will be described below.
Next, a description will be made of how the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 1 displays the 3D images.
In the initial state, the 3D image display unit displays a 3D image at a predetermined A (S11) parallax. Next, the time measuring / estimating means 4 measure the time of 3D image display in the parallax A. In this case, the medium 4 begins the time measurement when the 3D image display begins. The 3D imaging means 1, while the 3D image is displayed, sends a 3D image display warning signal to the measurement / time estimation means 4. Upon receiving the 3D image display warning signal, the time measuring / estimating means 4 begins the measurement of time t1.
Next, the time measuring / estimating means 4 estimate whether or not the measured time t1 exceeds a predetermined time TIME1 (S12). If the result of the estimate is NO (does not exceed it), the control goes to step 11, in which the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time continue with the visualization of the 3D image in the parallax A. In the event that the result of the estimation is YES (exceeds it), the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time deliver a signal T1 for completion of the time measurement to the means 5 for parallax control.
The parallax control means 5, when they receive a time measurement signal T1, orders the 3D image forming means 1 to form a 3D image reducing the parallax. The 3D imaging means 1 reduce the parallax and form a 3D image. At the same time, the means 1 send a reset signal to the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time. In this way, the 3D imaging means 1 stores the original parallax (parallax A). Accordingly, the display means visualizes a 3D image with a parallax B that is smaller than the parallax A (S13).
The "parallax information" to be memorized in this case is represented by a relative position of the image data R of the right eye with respect to the image data L of the left eye, located in the 3D image data, for example, when 3D image data is formed. And the 3D image forming means 1 memorize the position of each image of the right eye and each image of the left eye corresponding to the coordinates (x, y) in the upper left corner of the thick frame shown in Figure 4.
If the point in the upper left corner of the image is defined as the origin (0, 0) in Figure 4, the horizontal direction is defined as "x", and the vertical direction is defined as "y", then the right and left positions of the thick frame are (1, 0), respectively.
At this time, when the parallax of a 3D image that looks as if it were in front of the viewing screen is reduced, the 3D image is modified so that it moves backward approaching the viewing screen. Specifically, the image data R of the right eye is shifted to the right in the horizontal direction, with respect to the image data L of the left eye. When the parallax is increased, the 3D image is corrected so that it is shifted forward with respect to the display screen. Specifically, the image data R of the right eye is shifted to the left in the horizontal direction, with respect to the image data L of the left eye.
When the parallax of a 3D image that looks as if it is behind the display screen is reduced, the 3D image is corrected so that it moves forward and approaches the display screen. When the parallax increases, the 3D image is corrected in such a way that it lags behind the screen.
In this case, the R image data of the right eye is shifted in the opposite direction when the 3D image looks as if it were in front of the display screen.
Next, referring to table 2, a description will be made of an example of how to form a 3D image by moving the image data L of the left eye in the horizontal direction, to adjust the parallax of the target 3D image.
40 Table 2
L image data of the left eye required
R image data of the right eye required
When a 3D image is moved forward with respect to the current viewing position
Arrange the image data in the order of L and R, then use the outer side part (left) Arrange the image data in the order of L and R, then use the outer side part (right)
When you move a 3D image backwards from the current viewing position
Arrange the image data in the order of L and R, then use the part of the inner side (right) Arrange the image data in the order of L and R, then use the part of the inner side (left)
When a 3D image is moved forward with respect to the current viewing position, the image being formed with part of each of the image data L of the left eye and the image data R of the right eye, the image data is they are arranged in the order of L and R, and then the target 3D image is modified with the outer area of each of L and R. When the 3D image is moved backwards from the screen, the image data is arranged in the order of L and R, then the inner zone of each of L and R is used to modify the 3D image. For example, when a formed 3D image moves forward with respect to the screen, while the coordinates (1, 0) are set for the upper left and upper right corners of the thick frame shown in Figure 4, to modify the image in 3D the coordinates of the upper left corner are set as (0, 0) and the coordinates of the upper right corner are set as (2, 0). When the 3D image is moved backwards from the screen, to modify the 3D image, the coordinates of the upper left corner are set as (2, 0) and the coordinates of the upper right corner as (0, 0).
Next, we will describe how to form 3D image data by reducing the parallax, referring to Figure 6. Figure 6 shows an example of how to form 3D image data and how to visualize it by reducing the parallax, so that the image in 3D looks as if it were in front of the screen. For example, the 3D image data shown in Figure 4 is used to display a 3D image that looks as if it were in front of the screen. At this time, when a 3D image is displayed by reducing the parallax, the 3D image is corrected so that it is displaced backwards with respect to the screen. In other words, as described in Table 2, the coordinates of the upper left corner of the thick frame shown in Figure 6 are set to (0, 0) for the image data L of the left eye and (2, 0 ) for the R image data of the right eye.
L1, L3 and L5 of the image data L of the left eye conform to the positions of L2, L4 and L6 of the 3D image data shown in Figure 4. Similarly, R4, R6 and R8 of the data R image of the right eye are fixed to the positions of R3, R5 and R7 of the 3D image shown in Figure 4. L1, L3 and L6 of the 3D image are observed by the left eye while R4, R6 and R8 are observed by the right eye, so that the user can recognize the 3D image data as a 3D image.
When the parallax of a 3D image is reduced, the thick frame shown in Figure 4 is shifted to the left for the image data L of the left eye and to the right for the image data R of the right eye, to form in The objective 3D image. When the parallax of the 3D image increases, the thick frame is shifted in the opposite direction to form the target 3D image data.
In the case where a 3D image with a parallax A is modified to be displayed with a smaller parallax B, because its display time exceeds a predetermined TIME1 time, the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time resets the time of current measurement and start the measurement of time t2 during which the 3D image is displayed with the new parallax B.
Next, the time measuring / estimating means 4 compare the measured time t2 with a predetermined time TIME2 (S14). In the case where time t2 is still less than TIME2, the control returns to step 13 in which the means 4 for measuring / estimating time continue to visualize the 3D image with the parallax B less. In the case where the measured temple t2, that is, the type of visualization of the 3D image with the parallax B, equals the predetermined TIME2 time, the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time deliver to the means 5 for parallax control a signal T2 of completion of the time measurement. Upon receiving the signal T2, the parallax control means 5 delivers to the 3D imaging medium 1 a signal to restore the parallax memorized in the 3D imaging medium 1. Upon receiving the signal, the 3D imaging medium 1 restores the original parallax to form the target 3D image, and sends a reset signal to the measurement / time estimation means 4. At this time, the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time can immediately restore the original parallax A, or form a 3D image to be displayed such that the parallax gradually increases.
As described above, in the case where the parallax of a 3D image is modified, the medium 1
3D imaging 5 delivers a reset signal to the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time Upon receiving the reset signal, the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time reset the measurement time to 0, and then start from Time measurement again. As described above, the time measuring / estimating means 4 measure the 3D viewing time at a predetermined parallax, and adjust the parallax according to the result of the time measurement, to form the target 3D image .
10 Next, a description will be made for the signals to be exchanged between the 3D imaging means 1, the time measuring / estimating means 4 and the parallax control means 5, referring to table 3.
Signals delivered to the media 4 of Signals delivered to control means 5 of the Signals delivered to training medium 1
measurement / estimation of time from the middle parallax from means 4 of 3D image from the control medium 5 of the
3D imaging time measurement / estimation parallax
3D image display notification signal Any Any
Reset signal Signal T1 of completion of the time measurement to notify that a predetermined time has been reached TIME1 Sign to order the formation of a 3D image reducing parallax
3D image display notification signal T2 signal for completion of the time measurement to notify that a predetermined time has been reached TIME2 Sign to order the formation of a 3D image restoring the original parallax
Reset signal Any Any
15 Status [1-1] indicates that the measurement of time is initiated by means 4 of measurement / estimation of time. In this state, the 3D image forming means 1 delivers a 3D image display notification signal to the time measuring / estimating means 4. The signal indicates that the display unit is displaying a 3D image.
The status [1-2] indicates that the time measurement of the measurement means / time estimate 4 reaches a
20 default time TIME1. In this state, the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time deliver a signal T1 for completion of the time measurement, to indicate to the parallax control means 5 that the time TIME 1 has been reached, whereby the control means 5 The parallax delivers a signal to order the 3D image formation medium 1 to form a 3D image reducing the parallax. Upon receiving the signal, the 3D imaging means 1 delivers a signal of time measurement to the measurement means 4
25 reset to reset measurement means 4 / time estimation.
The status [1-3] indicates that the time measurement of the measurement means / time estimate 4 reaches a predetermined time TIME2. In this state, the time measuring / estimating means 4 deliver to the parallax control means 5 a signal T2 for the end of the time measurement, to indicate that the TIME2 time has been reached. And consequently, the parallax control means 5 deliver a signal to order the 3D imaging means 1 that form a 3D image restoring the parallax
original. At the same time, the 3D image forming means 1 delivers a 3D image display notification signal to the time measuring / estimating means 4.
Status [1-4] indicates that the original parallax has been restored to form an objective 3D image. In this state, the 3D image forming means delivers a reset signal to the time measuring / estimating means 4.
As described above, because the 3D image display unit of the present invention can visualize each 3D image by reducing parallax, even when the user is observing 3D images for a prolonged period, its parallax sensitivity descends due to eye fatigue. Therefore, the user can be protected from eye fatigue. And when the user regains his sensitivity to the original parallax, due to his recovery with respect to eye fatigue, the display unit begins to visualize the 3D image with the original parallax, so that the user can once again observe 3D images with Less feeling of indifference. The TIME1 and the TIME2 described above can be memorized as default values in the memory arranged in the 3D image display unit.
TIME1 and TIME2 may not each be a single value. For example, a series of values can be set for TIME1 / TIME2 according to the number of combinations of parameters set for a screen size of input images, as well as a total playing time, such as elements related to eye fatigue, in the case that the input images are for video data. TIME1 / TIME2 can also be configured or modified by the user.
The 3D image display unit may also include a 3D image decoding means 500, to decode the 3D image format data F1, as shown in Figure 7, and separation means 504 to separate the 3D image data decoded by means 500, in image data of the right eye and image data of the left eye. In this regard, F2 3D image format data may include values equivalent to TIME1 and TIME2 described above, stored in advance, such that these values replace TIME1 and TIME2 in the 3D image display unit. Next, the operation of the 3D image decoding means 500 will be described. The 3D image decoding means 500 includes 3D image control data analysis means 501, image data decoding means 502, and a switch 503 that decodes the 3D image format data F1.
Next, the F1 data of 3D image format will be described. Figure 8 shows an example of F1 data of 3D image format. The 3D image format F1 data shown in Figure 8 is configured as a part of 3D image control information, and a part of image data. The 3D image control information part is configured by means of the 3D image identification information I1, to indicate whether or not the 3D image format data F1 is the 3D image display data, as well as information of control I2. The image data part is configured using coded D data. The control information I2 indicates the TIME1 and the TIME2 described above. The data encoded in the image data part may be encoded with an encoding method, such as JPEG, MPEG or the like, from an image in which the corresponding image data L of the left eye and image R data of the Right eye are arranged horizontally in juxtaposition. In the 3D image format F1 data, the data is stored in the order of I1, I2 and D.
The 3D image control data analysis medium 501 analyzes the 3D image control information, and estimates whether or not the 3D image format data F1 is the 3D image display data. In the event that the result of the estimate is YES, the means 501 for analyzing the control data of the 3D image delivers the control information I2, which indicates the values of TIME1 and TIME2 and the image display mode in 3D set out in table 1, which indicates the information M1 of the display mode to the 3D image display unit, and then controls the switch 503 to connect the image data decoding means 502 to the separation medium 504. At At the same time, the 501 3D image control data analysis medium delivers the decoded data D to the 502 image data decoding medium. The image data decoding means 502 decodes the encoded data D, to generate 3D image data W2 to be delivered to the separation medium 504. The separation medium 504 separates the entered 3D image data W2, into the data L of the left eye image and the R image data of the right eye, and then deliver L and R to the 3D image display unit, such as O1 and O2 output image data. The output image O1 and O2 data are entered into the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 1, as input images A1 and A2.
The values stored in the control information I2 provided in the F1 data of 3D image format can be any of TIME1 and TIME2. And a default value can be used for any data that is not stored with the control information I2.
For example, when F1 data of 3D image format is reproduced in which only TIME1 is stored, the 3D image display is controlled so that the parallax is reduced when the 3D image display time reaches TIME1. However, it is assumed that the display is then freely controlled by each reproduction apparatus. In other words, when the 3D image display time reaches TIME1, the following processes are enabled.
The visualization of the 3D image continues with a reduced parallax until the power is disconnected.
The reproduction apparatus in question establishes a time equivalent to TIME2 and restores the original parallax as described above.
(iii) The playback apparatus in question sets a predetermined time and changes the 3D image display to 2D image display, when the 3D image display time reaches a predetermined time.
Although the parallax of a 3D image is reduced in the previous example when the measured value of the 3D display time reaches TIME1, the 3D image display can be changed to 2D image display when TIME1 is reached. Therefore, the intention of the content creator of the 3D image is affected in the visualization, and it may take less time for the user to recover from eye fatigue.
In the case where the 3D image identification information I1 indicates that the 3D image format F2 data is not the 3D image display data, the 3D image control data analysis means 501 does not they deliver the control information I2. Instead, the 3D image control data analysis means 501 delivers information to indicate to the 3D image display unit the direct display mode of the input image, such as information M1 of the display mode. At the same time, the means 501 for analyzing the control data of the 3D image changes the switch 503, so that the means 502 for decoding the image data delivers image data O1. At the same time, the 3D image control data analysis medium 501 delivers the encoded data D to the image data decoding means 502. The image data decoding means 502 then encodes the D data. It is assumed that the decoded data is 2D image data W1 and is delivered as output image O1 data, which is then entered into the unit of 3D image display shown in Figure 1, as an input A1 image.
The image data stored in the 3D image format F1 data described above may not be encoded. For example, the data may not be compressed.
And although in the above description the information M1 of the display mode is obtained from the control information I1 of the 3D image, the M1 can be entered from the outside, and said entered outside value can be used with priority. However, only when the 3D image control information I1 indicates that the 3D image format F2 data is not the 3D image display data, the value in the M1 information of the display mode specifies Force the direct display mode of the input image.
In addition, the control part of the 3D image, of the 3D image format F1 data described above, may be repeatedly inserted in the F1 data. Figure 9 shows an example of how to receive broadcast 3D image content. For example, a mobile reception terminal 22 receives the waves of the emission of 3D image contents from an emission satellite 21. In this regard, the broadcast contents are configured through a series of pieces of programming information and 3D image contents. The 3D image control information part may be inserted in the programming information, as part of the information.
In F1 data of 3D image format, the control information part of the 3D image may be inserted in the data part of the image. For example, in the case where the data in the image data part is encoded with MPEG-4, the 3D image control information part may be inserted in a predetermined position regulated in the MPEG-4 encoded data.
Although in the above description the time measurement / estimation means 4 begin the measurement of time exactly when the 3D image display begins, the measurement / time estimation means 4 can begin the measurement exactly when the time is first received. data from the control part of the 3D image, after the reception of broadcast contents begins, or when the programming information is received for the first time, in the case where the data of the information part of the 3D image control are included in the programming information. And in the case where the temporary information necessary to reproduce a program is included in the previous information of
programming received for the first time, the means 4 for measuring / estimating the time can start the measurement of time exactly when the 3D image is formed with said information.
Although in the previous example the F1 data of 3D image format is emitted, it can be used from a network such as the Internet to send the F1. The F2 can also be recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk, an optical disk or the like, instead of the previous shipping method.
Figure 10 shows an example of a stream of F1 data of 3D image format recorded and used in a recording medium. Next, it is assumed that the 3D image data is entered into the 3D image recording media 510. Next, the 3D image recording means 510 encodes the entered 3D image data and forms the 3D image format F1 data, and then delivers the formed 3D image format F1 data to the recording medium 511 . The recording medium 511 can be a hard disk, an optical disk or the like, and can record digital data entered. The 3D image format F1 data is delivered from the recording medium 511 to the 3D image decoding medium 512. The 3D image decoding means 512 then decodes the 3D image format data F1, similar to the 3D image decoding means 500 described above, and then delivers the control information I2, the information M1 of display mode and 3D image data.
Figure 11 shows an example of the flow of F1 data in 3D image format, when a network is used as a means of transmitting F2. For example, the 3D image data is entered into the 3D image coding medium 520. The 3D image coding means 520 then encodes the entered 3D image data, to form the 3D image format F1 data. The 3D image format F1 data is transmitted to the 3D image decoding medium 523 through the network 522. The 3D image decoding means 523 decodes the 3D image format F1 data in a manner similar to 500 means of 3D image decoding, and delivers the control information I2, the information M1 of the display mode and the 3D image data, respectively.
The F2 data of 3D image format to be transmitted can be transformed into usable data by the BS, the CS and other emission systems. For example, the 3D image data can be entered into the 3D image coding medium 520. The 3D image coding medium 520 encodes the entered 3D image data, forms the 3D image format F1 data, and then delivers the formatted F2 format data to the BS data medium 521. Next, the BS data formation medium 521 forms the BS data using the 3D image format F1 data, and then delivers the formed BS data to the BS data decoding means 524 through the network 522. The BS data decoding medium 524 decodes the BS data entered to form the 3D image format F1 data, and then delivers the F1 to the 3D image decoding means 523. Next, the 3D image decoding medium 523 decodes the 3D image format data F1 in a similar manner to the 3D image decoding means 500, and then delivers the control information I2, the information M1 of the display mode and 3D image data, respectively.
In this way, the 3D image display unit can obtain TIME1 and TIME2 from the values set in the control information I2, so that they are used for the target processes. The display unit can conveniently set TIME1 and TIME2, according to the data in question to be displayed as a 3D image.
Next, a description will be made for the case in which there are three input images to manage. Figure 12 shows a block diagram of the 3D image display unit in the first embodiment, when the display unit manages said three input images.
The 3D image display unit comprises a 3D image formation means 600, to form 3D image data with an input of multi-view image data (input images X, Y, and Z) photographed from three points of view, then delivering the 3D image data to a frame memory 2, a 2D image forming means 6 to form a 2D image from any of the images from multiple points of view, switches 11, 12, and 601 to 603 for switching between input / output image data, a means 604 for controlling the switches for controlling said switches in accordance with the information M'1 of the display mode, to indicate whether to perform a 3D or 2D visualization using image data from multiple viewpoints, a frame memory 2 for storing images formed by the 3D imaging medium 600 or the 2D imaging medium 6 or images input as is, display media 3 enabled for 3D viewing and 2D viewing and for displaying image data stored in frame memory 2 as 3D images or 3D images, according to information M'1 of the display mode, means 4 for measuring / estimating the time to measure the display time of the 3D image when the 3D image is displayed, and parallax control means 5 for ordering the 3D imaging medium 600 to form a 3D image adjusting the parallax of each image from multiple points of view, in the case where the display time of the 3D image reaches a predetermined time.
The information M'1 of the display mode will be described later.
All the operations of the frame memory 2, the display means 3, the time measuring / estimating means 4, the parallax control means 5, the 2D image forming means 6, and the switches 11 and 12, are the same as those of the 3D image display unit of the first
5, where the display unit manages two input images, so that the same numerals / characters as those shown in Figure 12 will be used. Next, the first embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to Figure 12, when the display unit manages three input images.
First, the information M'1 of the display mode is introduced from the outside to the medium 604 of
10 switch control. There are eight types for the M'1 information of the display mode: modes 1 to 4 of 3D image display, modes 1 to 3 of 2D image display and a direct display mode of the input image. The 3D image display unit switches between the 3D image display modes using two or three input images, the 2D image display modes using any of the input images, and the direct display mode of the input image, which displays such
15 which each 2D image introduced.
Table 4 summarizes the relationship between the values of the M'1 information of the display mode, the names of the modes and the images displayed in those modes.
M'1 information of the display mode
3D image display mode 3D images (2 views) formed with input images X and Y
3D image display mode 3D images (2 views) formed with input images Y and Z
3D image display mode 3D images (2 views) formed with input images X and Z
3D image display mode 3D images (3 views) formed with input images X, Y and Z
2D image display mode 2D images formed with an X input image
2D image display mode 2D images formed with an input image Y
2D image display mode 2D images formed with a Z input image
Direct display mode of the input image Input image X (any of the input images X, Y and Z)
20 In mode 1 of 3D image display, the input images X and Y are used to form a 3D image (2 views) to be displayed. In mode 2 of 3D image display, the Y and Z input images are used to form a 3D image (2 views) to be displayed. In 3D image display mode 3, the input images X and Z are used to form a 3D image (2 views) to be displayed. In 3D image display mode 4, the input images X, Y and Z are
25 used to form a 3D image (3 views) to be displayed.
In mode 1 of 2D image display, an X input image is used to form a 2D image to be displayed. In 2D image display mode 2, an input image Y is used to form a 2D image to be displayed. In 2D image display mode 3, an input image Z is used to form a 2D image to be displayed. In the 2D direct image display mode, any of the input images X, Y and Z is displayed as is, as a 2D image.
Next, the operation of the 3D image display unit in each of the previous 8 display modes will be described. First, a description of the operation of the display unit will be made when any of the modes 1 to 3 of 3D image display are configured in the information M'1 of the display mode.
First, any of the display modes 1 to 3 is introduced into the control means 604 of the switches. Next, the switch control means 604 disconnects the switch 602 and controls the switches 11 and 12 referring to table 4, so that the image data (any two of the input images X, Y and Z) required to form 3D image data in the selected mode, are introduced into the 3D imaging medium 600, and controls the switch 603 so that the 3D imaging medium 600 is connected to the memory 2 of picture. Next, the 3D imaging medium 600 forms 3D image data (2 viewpoints), similar to the 3D image display mode configured in the information M1 of the display mode, as has been described in the case where the display unit manages two input images, and then delivers the image data formed to frame memory 2. Finally, the 3D image data is introduced to the display means 3 from the frame memory 2. Therefore, the display means 3 displays the entered 3D image data (image data from 2 views) as a 3D image.
The parallax control means 5 performs the same operation as in the previous case, in which the display unit manages two input image data to display a 3D image, adjusting the parallax.
Although the display means 3 is one of the two-eye type, to visualize each of the images of the right eye and the left eye (images in 2 views), the medium 3 can be one of multiple eyes to display images of three views. In this regard, mode 4 of 3D image display can be selected.
Next, the operation of the display unit will be described when the 3D image display mode 4 is configured, in the information M'1 of the display mode.
First, the 3D image display mode 4 is introduced in the control means 604 of the switches. Next, the switch control means 604 disconnects the switch 602 and controls the switches 11 and 12 referring to table 4, so that the image data (input images X, Y and Z) required to form data 3D image in the selected mode, are inserted into the 3D imaging medium 600, and controls the switch 603 so that the 3D imaging medium 600 is connected to the frame memory 2. Next, the 3D image formation medium 600 forms 3D image data (images from 3 views), and then writes the image data formed in frame memory 2. Finally, 3D image data is introduced to the display medium from frame memory 2. In this way, the display means 3 displays the entered 3D image data (3-view images) as a 3D image.
Next, the 3D image data (3-view images) formed by the 3D imaging medium 600 will be described, referring to Figure 13. Figure 13 shows an example of how to form image data in 3D and how to visualize them when the display unit manages three input images.
Next, it is assumed that each of the input image data X1, Y1 and Z1 is divided in the vertical direction into gradation images X1 to X8, Y1 to Y8 and Z1 to Z8, respectively. In this regard, it is assumed that the size of each of the display image data X, Y and Z in the horizontal direction is smaller than in the vertical direction.
For example, in the case where the input image data X, Y and Z in the thick frames shown in Figure 13 must in fact be displayed, the 3D image data (3 views) are formed with X2, Y3, Z4, X5, Y6 and Z7, as shown in Figure 3. As described above, the 3D image display unit has slots 301 on its screen, and the X2 and X5 images displayed on the screen they are sent to the left eye and the images Y3 and Y6 are sent to the user's right eye, respectively, so that the user can observe the 3D image in position 1. And when the user moves to the right, images Y3 and Y6 are sent to the left eye and images Z4 and Z7 are sent to the user's right eye, respectively, so that the user goes on to observe the 3D image in position 2.
At the same time, the parallax adjustment is performed as follows: among images with more than 3 points of view, the parallax between images of two points of view that are recognized by the user is adjusted in the same way as in the previous case, in which the display unit manages two input image data elements.
For example, first, the parallax at the observation point 1 is adjusted. Specifically, the thick frames of the input image data X and Y are shifted respectively, to form an objective 3D image, so that adjust the parallax at the observation point 1. In this respect, the thick frame of the input image data Z is shifted by the same distance as that of the input image data Y in an adjacent viewpoint, and arranged So to form the target 3D image. And the parallax at the observation point 1 is modified while the parallax at the observation point 2 remains the same.
Next, the parallax at the observation point 2 can be adjusted. For example, as described in the adjustment of the parallax at the observation point 1, the thick frame of the input image Z is shifted by the same distance as for the thick frame of the input image data Y, and then the thick frame of the input image Z is further displaced to form the target 3D image, so that the parallax at the observation point 2 is adjusted.
As described above, the parallax at each of the observation points 1 and 2 can be adjusted with the same method as in the previous case in which two input images are used, even when the display medium is of the type with multiple eyes to visualize images from 3 points of view.
Next, the operation of the 3D image display unit will be described when each of the 2D image display modes 1 to 3 is set in the information M'1 of the display mode. First, any of the 2D image display modules 1 to 3 are inserted into the control means 604 of the switches. Next, the switch control means 604 disconnects the switches 11, 12 and 601, and controls the switch 602 referring to table 4, so that an image (any of the input images X, Y and Z) required to form a 3D image in the selected mode, it is introduced into the 2D image forming medium 6, and then controls the switch 603 such that the 2D image information medium 6 is connected to the memory 2 of picture. Next, the 2D image forming means 6 forms a 3D image in the same way as in the 2D image display mode for the right / left eye set in the information M1 of the display mode, as has been described above in the case where the display unit manages two input images, and then delivers the image formed to frame memory 2. Finally, the 2D image is introduced into the display medium 3 from the frame memory 2. In this way, the display means 3 displays on its screen the image data entered as a 3D image.
Next, the operation of the 3D image display unit will be described when the direct display mode of the input image is configured, in the information M'1 of the display mode. First, the direct display mode of the input image is introduced in the control means 604 of the switches. Next, the switch control means 604 disconnects switches 11, 12 and 601, and then controls switches 602, 603 so that an input image X (any of the input images X, Y and Z is input) ) in frame memory 2. In this way, the input image is delivered to frame memory 2. Finally, the 2D image is introduced to the display medium 3 from the frame memory 2. In this way, the display means displays the 2D image delivered on its screen, as is.
This completes the description of the operation of the 3D image display unit, according to the data set out in the information M'1 of the display mode. And similar to the case in which two input images are used, each 3D image can be displayed by adjusting the parallax, according to the degree of eye fatigue of the user. At the same time, 2D images can also be displayed if necessary.
Even when the number of input images is m (m: an integer of value 4 or higher), each 3D image can be displayed and the parallax can be adjusted by increasing the number of switches to connect inputs to the imaging medium 600 in 3D, the number of contacts between the switch 602 and the inputs, and the M'1 information types of the display mode, such as in the case where the number of input images increases from 2 to 3.
The image data part of the 3D image format data F1 can be configured using n (n�1). In this regard, the number of views included in the 3D image format data F1 may be included in the control information I2. At this time, for example, in the 3D image decoding medium 500, shown in Figure 7, the number of views included in the 3D image format data F1 is transmitted to the separation medium 504 from 501 means of analyzing data for control of the 3D image, and the 3D image W to be delivered is divided according to the number of views.
Figure 14 shows a block diagram of a 3D image display unit in the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, the 3D image display unit comprises a 3D image forming means 100 for forming a 3D image with images of the left eye and the right eye inserted, a medium 6 for forming the image. 2D image to form a 2D image with one of the images of the left eye or the right eye, switches 11 to 14 to switch between each other an input / output image respectively, a means 10 for controlling the switches to control each of said switches 11 to 14 according to the information M1 of the display mode, a frame memory 2 for storing images formed by means of 3D image formation means 100 or means of 2D image formation, or images of input as is, a display means 3 for displaying an image stored in frame memory 2 as a 3D image or a 2D image, according to the information M1 of the video mode sualization, means 101 for measuring / estimating the time to measure the display time of each 3D image, and a means 102 for controlling the display of messages to order the 3D image forming means 100 to display a warning message about The 3D image currently displayed. In this configuration, the frame memory 2, the display means 3, the 2D image forming means 6, the switch control means 10, and the switches 11 to 14, are each equal to the of the 3D image display unit of the first embodiment, so that in figure 14 the same numerals / characters as those of the first embodiment will be used.
Similar to the first embodiment, the information M1 of the display mode is first introduced from the outside into the control means 10 of the switches. The information M1 of the display mode is the same as in the first embodiment. And the operations of the display unit in the direct display mode of the input image and in the 2D image display mode using the image of the left eye or the image of the right eye are also equal to those of the First realization
Next, the operation of the display unit will be described, when the 3D image display mode is configured in the information M1 of the display mode.
First, the L image data of the left eye and the R image data of the right eye are introduced from the outside into the 3D imaging medium 100, respectively, as input images A1 and A2.
In the case where the 3D image display mode is configured in the information M1 of the display mode, the switch control means 10 connects the switches 11 and 12 and controls the switch 14, so that the medium 100 3D imaging is connected to frame memory 2. Next, the L image data of the left eye and the R image data of the right eye are introduced from the outside into the 3D imaging medium 100 through the switches 11 and 12, respectively. Then, the 3D image forming medium 100 forms 3D image data, and then writes the image data formed in frame memory 2. Finally, the 3D image data is introduced to the display means 3 from the frame memory 2. In this way, the display means 3 displays the entered 3D image data on its screen, such as a 3D image.
In this case, the operation of the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 14 to display 3D images will be described, referring to the flow chart shown in Figure 15.
In the initial state, the 3D image display unit displays 3D images (S21). Next, the time measuring / estimating means 100 shown in Figure 14 measure the display time of the 3D image during viewing. And while the 3D image is displayed, the 3D image forming medium 100 sends a 3D image display notification signal to the time measuring / estimating means 101. Upon receipt of the signal, the means 101 for measuring / estimating the time begin to measure the time t3. In this regard, the time measuring / estimating means 101 begins the measurement of time when the 3D image display begins.
The means 101 for measuring / estimating the time estimates whether or not the measured time t3 is above a predetermined time TIME3 (S22). In the event that the result of the estimate is NO (not above), the control returns to step 121 in which the means 101 for measuring / estimating the time maintain the visualization of the 3D image. In the case where the result of the estimate is YES (above), the warning display control means 102 orders the 3D image formation means 100 to write a warning message as a 3D image, on The 3D image displayed. Upon receiving the order signal, the 3D imaging medium 100 forms the 3D image with the message, so that the warning message is overwritten in the displayed 3D image, and then delivers the formed image (S23) . Therefore the
warning message is displayed on the foreground of the 3D image (as if the message was seen in the foreground from the user).
At this time, the 3D image of the warning message can be formed by overwriting the message for which a parallax is provided, on the currently displayed 3D image, and then combining said two images so that, for example, the message The 3D message can be displayed at a certain depth from the screen where the user can recognize the 3D message with difficulty. The parallax given at this time is defined as a parallax of the limit of 3D image display.
In the place of each 3D image in the previous examples, only one image of the left eye (of the right eye) can be used to form a 2D image, and then a parallax for the warning message is provided, so that View only the warning message as a 3D image. Next, the message is overwritten and combined with the 2D image in a 3D image. Otherwise, instead of each 3D image in the previous examples, a predetermined image can be used to form a 2D image, and a parallax for the warning message is provided below. Next, the message is overwritten and combined with the 2D image in a 3D image. For example, it is possible to form a black screen, and then overwrite the warning message on the screen.
In addition, it is also possible to use images of the left eye and the right eye of the currently displayed 3D image, to find a parallax vector in each block divided by the number of pixels. Then, among the vector values obtained, the value of the vector with which the message has the maximum depth from the screen is determined as the maximum parallax, and for the warning message a parallax greater than this maximum value is provided. At this time, the parallax to be provided must not be above the parallax limit of 3D image display. The parallax vector can also be obtained by correspondence of blocks, or the like. The maximum parallax can also be found from other data than the parallax vector for each block, for example, from a parallax vector for each pixel.
Next, a description will be made for the signals to be exchanged between the 3D imaging medium 100, the time measuring / estimating means 101 and the warning display control means 102, referring to table 5 .
Signal name Signals delivered to the media 101 for measuring / estimating the time from the 3D imaging medium 100 Signals delivered to the means 102 for displaying the messages from the means 101 for measuring / estimating the time Signals delivered to the 3D imaging medium 100 from the warning display control means 102
3D image display notification signal Time measurement signal T3 to notify that TIME3 has been reached Signal to order the display of the warning message on the 3D image currently in formation
Status [2-1] indicates that the measurement means 101 / time estimate have started the measurement of the 3D image display time. In this state, the 3D image forming means 100 delivers a 3D image display notification signal to the time measuring / estimating means 101. The signal indicates that the 3D image display unit is displaying a 3D image.
Status [2-2] indicates that the measurement time of the time measuring / estimating means 101 has reached a predetermined time TIME3, and the time measuring / estimating means 101 delivers to the control means 102 of the display of messages a signal T3 of completion of the time measurement, to indicate that TIME3 has been reached, while the means 102 for control of the message display delivers a signal to order the 3D image forming medium 100 to display a message of Notice about the 3D image currently displayed. Therefore, the user can recognize the warning of an excessively prolonged observation over time, so that the user is protected against eye fatigue.
Although in the previous example the warning message itself is formed as a 3D image and is overwritten and displayed on the currently displayed 3D image or on a 2D image transformed from the 3D image, the warning message itself It can be a 2D image. And the warning message can be replaced by a buzzer, a lamp or an indicator to be connected during the warning. After a predetermined time, the display of the warning message may stop or the display power may be disconnected.
The predetermined time TIME3 described above represents an allowable time for the user to continuously appreciate 3D images. This TIME3 may be stored in the memory provided in the 3D image display unit, as a predetermined value. The default value of TIME3 may not be limited to one; for example, TIME3 may be predetermined as many times as the number of combinations of parameters, in the case where a parameter has been established for each of the elements related to the user's eye fatigue, at the time of the assessment, such as a screen size of the input images, as well as a total video playback time, when the input image data is video data. The time T3 can be freely modified by the user.
As in the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 7, immediately before the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 14, 3D image decoding means can be arranged to decode the F2 data of the format of 3D image and separation means to separate the decoded 3D image by the 3D image decoding means, in the image data of the right eye and the left eye. In this regard, the 3D image format F2 data may be configured by a part of 3D image control information and a part of image data, such as the 3D image format F1 data described in the first embodiment of the present invention. However, it is assumed that the value stored in the control information I2 provided in the 3D image format F2 data is equivalent to the TIME3 time described above, and this value may replace the TIME3 time used by the measuring means 101 / time estimate.
In this case, the operations of the 3D image decoding medium and the separation medium are the same as in the first embodiment.
The data in the image data part of the 3D image format F2 data described above, may not be encoded. For example, the data may not be compressed. The 3D image control information part may be repetitively inserted into the 3D image format F2 data as part, for example, of the programming information, such as the first embodiment of the present invention.
And in the 3D image format F2 data, the 3D image control information part may be inserted in the image data part, as in the first embodiment of the present invention. For example, in the case where the image data part is encoded with MPEG-4, the 3D image control information may be inserted at a predetermined position in the data encoded with MPEG-4.
In the case where the 3D image display unit includes reception means to receive the previous broadcast data and recording media for them. In the case where an external recording device is connecting to the display unit, and a predetermined time TIME3 has been exceeded while receiving broadcast 3D image data, the display medium of the 3D image display unit You can display a warning message and start recording, then continue recording the following broadcast contents.
As described above, in the first embodiment of the present invention the time measuring / estimating means 101 begins the measurement of time when the 3D image display begins. However, in this second embodiment, the time measuring / estimating means 101 can start a measurement of the display time when the first data of the 3D image control information part has been received, after reception begins of broadcast contents, or when the first programming information has been received, in the event that the control part of the 3D image is included in the programming information. In the event that the information of the time required to reproduce a program is included in the first programming information received, the time created using the information can be used by the means 101 for measuring / estimating the time to start a time measurement.
Although in the first previous embodiment the F2 3D image format data is transmitted as emission waves, any of a cable, a network such as the internet, and other means can be used as a transmission medium. Instead of the transmission, the F2 3D image format data can be recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk, an optical disk or the like.
In this way, the 3D image display unit allows the TIME3 time determined by the control information value in the 3D image format F2 data, to be replaced and used as in the first embodiment, and the time T3 used by means 101 for measuring / estimating time can be conveniently adjusted according to each 3D image.
Although in the first previous embodiment the operation of the 3D image display unit is described with respect to a case in which two input images are used, in this second embodiment three or more input images can be used to obtain the same effect as in the first embodiment.
The image data portion of the 3D image format F2 data can be configured by images of n (n: equal to or greater than 1) views. In this case, the 3D image decoding means 500 and the separation means 504 can be expanded in a manner similar to the method of the first embodiment.
Figure 16 shows a block diagram of a 3D image display unit, in the third embodiment of the present invention.
In the third embodiment of the present invention, the 3D image display unit comprises a switch 201 for selecting one of the information M1 of the display mode indicating whether to enable 3D or 2D image display and the information M2 of the mode 2D image display indicating that only 2D images are displayed, to be transferred to an input of the switching control means 200, a switching control means 202 of the mode provided with a memory for storing an inhibition indicator of the 3D image display, used to connect / disconnect the switch 201, a 3D image forming means 203 to form a 3D image from the image data of the right eye and the left eye, a medium 6 of 2D imaging to form a 2D image from any of the image data of the right eye and the left eye, switches 11 to 14 to switch between dat Input / output image os, a switch control means 200 for controlling said switches 11 to 14, a frame memory 2 for storing images formed by the switch control means 200 or the image forming means 6 in 2D, a display means 3 for displaying 3D images using the image data stored in the frame memory 2, means 204 for measuring / estimating the time for measuring the viewing time of each 3D image, a means 206 for power control to forcefully disconnect all power supplies except that of the second means 205 for measuring / estimating the time, in the case where the 3D image display time exceeds a predetermined time, and means 205 of measurement / estimation of the time to measure an elapsed time after the power supplies have been forcibly disconnected. The frame memory 2, the display means 3, the 2D image forming means, and the switches 11 to 14 are all equal to those of the first and second embodiments described above. Therefore, for Figure 16 the same numbers / characters that have been used in said embodiments will be used.
The information M1 of the display mode is the same as described in the first embodiment. The M2 information of the 2D display mode will be described later.
Similar to the first and second embodiments, first, the information M1 of the display mode is introduced from the outside into the control means 200 of the switches. In the case where the direct display mode of the input image is configured in the M1 information of the display mode, and in the case where 2D image display is performed using one of the images of the left eye or the right eye, the operations of the image of the display unit are the same as in the display unit of the first embodiment.
Next, a description will be made for the case in which the 3D image display mode is configured in the M1 information of the display mode. First, the M1 information of the display mode and the M2 information of the 2D display mode are introduced from the outside to the switch
201. Switch 201 transfers any of M1 and M2 to the input of the switch control means 200. Switch 201 is connected / disconnected by means of the mode switching control means.
The mode switching control means 202 has an internal memory that stores the 3D display inhibit indicator. The mode switching control means 202 controls the switch 201. For example, the mode switching control means 202 controls the switch 201 so that the information M1 of the display mode is entered into the control means of the switches in the case where the 3D display inhibit indicator is 0, and the information M2 of the display mode is entered in the switch control means 200 in the case where the indicator is at 1. In the case in which it is fixed
0 as the initial value in the 3D display inhibit indicator, the switch 201 is connected to the information M1 of the display mode when the operation begins.
Next, the M2 information of the 2D display mode will be described. The information M2, as shown in table 6, is configured only by two elements; the 2D image display mode of the left eye and the 2D image display mode of the right eye, as described above with respect to the M1 information of the display mode.
M2 information of 2D display mode
2D image display mode of the left eye 2D images formed with 2D images of the left eye included in the 3D images
2D image display mode of the right eye 2D images formed with 2D images of the right eye included in the 3D images
Figure 17 shows a flow chart of the operation of the 3D image display unit, immediately after the 3D image display begins, in the third embodiment of the present invention. Next, the operation of the display unit in each display mode will be described in detail, referring to Figures 16 and 17.
The display unit, when it is fed and an initial process ends, estimates whether to display a 3D image. This estimate is made according to the value set in the information M1 of the display mode. In the case where a 2D image display mode is set in the information M1 of the display mode, the control proceeds to step 32, in which the display unit displays a 2D image, in accordance with the value set in the M1 information of the display mode.
In the case where a 3D image display mode is set in the information M1 of the display mode, the control moves from step 31 to step 33, where the image inhibit indicator is set to 0 in 3D stored in the memory provided in the mode switching control means 202, and then the control proceeds to step 34. In step 34, the 3D image forming means 203 forms an objective 3D image, and the means 204 for measuring / estimating the time measure in the viewing time t4 of the 3D image. In this regard, the time measuring / estimating means 204 begins a time measurement when the 3D image display begins.
The information M1 of the display mode is introduced to the control means 200 of the switches. In the case where a 3D image display mode is configured in the information M1, the switch control means 200 connects the switches 11 and 12 and disconnects the switch 13, and then controls the switch 14 so that the 203 3D imaging medium is connected to frame memory 2. Switches 11 and 13 receive image data L from the left eye, while switches 12 and 13 receive image data R from the right eye from the outside, respectively. Next, the L data of the left eye image and the R data of the right eye image are introduced into the 3D imaging medium 203 through switches 11 and 12, respectively. The 3D image forming means 203 forms 3D image data, as in the first embodiment, and then the 3D image data is written in the frame memory 2 through the switch 14. The image data in 3D formed are introduced to display medium 3 from frame memory 2, and displayed on the screen. While the 3D image is displayed, the 3D image forming means 203 sends a 3D image display notification signal to the time measuring / estimating means 204, and the time measuring / estimating means 204 measures The 3D image display time while the 3D image display notification signal is introduced therein.
The control then proceeds to step 35. The display time t4 measured by means 204 for measuring / estimating the time is introduced into the means 206 for controlling the power supply. In step 35, the power supply control means 206 estimates whether the measurement time t4 entered from the measurement / time estimation means 204 is or is not above a predetermined time TIME4. If the result of the estimate is NO (not above), the control returns to step 34, in which the 3D image formation means 203 and the display medium 3 are ordered to form an image in 3D and
display the 3D image formed, respectively. In the event that the result of the estimate is YES (above), the control proceeds to step 46.
In step 36, the display unit orders the following operations. First, the display unit instructs the power control means 206 to send to the mode switching control means 202 a 3D display inhibit signal that inhibits the display of 3D images, and then sends a signal from start of measurement to the second means 205 of measurement / time estimation, to order the means 205 to set the measurement time to 0 and start a measurement. Next, the display unit disconnects some of the power supplies it contains. For example, the display unit forcibly disconnects all power supplies except those of the mode switching control means 202 and those of the second time measuring / estimating means 205. The mode switching control means 202, when receiving the 3D display inhibit signal, sets the 3D display inhibition indicator stored in the memory provided in the mode switching control means 202, and stores the value of indicator "1" in memory.
In this case, a description will be made of the signals to be exchanged between the means 203 of 3D image formation, the means 204 for measuring / estimating the time, the means 206 for controlling the power supply, the second means 205 for measuring / estimating the time and the means 202 for mode switching control, referring to table 7.
Signal Name Status
Signals delivered to the measurement / time estimation means from the 3D imaging medium Signals delivered to the power supply control medium from the measurement / time estimation means Signals delivered to the measurement / time estimation means from the power supply control means Signals delivered to the mode switching control means from the power supply control means
3D image display notification signal T4 signal for completion of the time measurement, to notify that TIME4 has been reached Measurement start signal 3D display inhibition signal
Status [5-1] indicates that the means 204 for measuring / estimating the time have started the measurement of the 3D image display time. In this state, a 3D image display notification signal to indicate that the display unit is displaying a 3D image, is delivered to the time measuring / 204 means from the 3D image formation means 203 .
Status [5-2] indicates that the measurement time of the means 204 for measuring / estimating the time has reached the predetermined time TIME4. In this state, the means 204 for measuring / estimating the time deliver to the control means 206 of the power supply a signal T4 for completion of the time measurement to indicate that TIME 4 has been reached and consequently, the control means 206 the power supply delivers to the second measurement means 205 / time estimate a start signal of the measurement to set the measurement time to 0 and start a measurement, and a signal of inhibition of the 3D display to the medium 202 mode switching control, respectively.
Upon receipt of the measurement start signal, the second time measurement / estimation means 205 starts the measurement of the time T5 (disconnection time of the 3D image display) after stopping the 3D display.
The control then proceeds to step 37. In step 37, the display unit estimates whether the time t5 measured by the second means of measuring / estimating the time is or is not above a predetermined time TIME5. In the event that the result of the estimate is YES (above), the mode switching control means 202 sets the 3D display inhibition indicator to 0 and stores it in the
memory the value of the indicator, then sends a measurement stop signal to the means 205 for measuring / estimating the time and disconnects the power to the mode switching control means 202. Upon receiving the measurement stop signal, the second measurement means / time estimate 205 resets the measured time t5, so that the power to the second measurement means / time estimate 205 is disconnected.
Table 8 shows the signals exchanged between the second means 205 for measuring / estimating the time and the means 202 for mode switching control.
Signal name Signals delivered to the mode switching control means from the measurement / time estimation means Signals delivered to the measurement / time estimation means from the mode switching control means
T6 signal for completion of the time measurement, to indicate that TIME5 has been reached Measurement stop signal
Status [6-1] indicates that the time t5 measured by the second means 205 for measuring / estimating the time has reached a predetermined time TIME5. In this state, the second means 205 for measuring / estimating the time deliver to the mode switching control means 202 a signal T6 for terminating the time measurement, to indicate that the TIME5 has been reached, and the control means 202 mode switching delivers a measurement stop signal to the second means 205 for measuring / estimating the time.
In case some of the power supplies are not connected even when a predetermined time has been reached TIME5 after the power supplies have been disconnected (in the case where the operation has not been performed to restart the display of the image), the control goes to step 38, in which the mode switching control means 202 sets the inhibit indicator of the 3D display to 0 and stores the value of the indicator in memory, and then disconnects all sources power supply to finish the operation.
In the case where the result of the estimate is NO (not above) in stage 37, the control proceeds to the stage
In step 39, the display unit estimates whether or not an operation has been performed to display an image, ie whether or not a power switch of the unit has been pressed. If the result of the estimate is NO (has not been pressed), the control returns to step 37, in which the display unit continues to be timed at time t5. In the case where the result of the estimation is YES (has been pressed), the control passes step 40, in which all the power supplies of the display unit are connected. Next, the control passes step 41, in which the display unit inhibits 3D image display, and then displays a 2D image as follows.
For example, in Figure 16, the information M1 of the display mode and the information M2 of the 2D display mode are introduced to the switch 201 from the outside. Next, the mode switching control means 202 consults the 3D display inhibit indicator stored in the memory and finds that the indicator value is 1. Thus, the mode switching control means 202 controls the switch 201, so that the information M2 of the 2D display mode is entered into the control means 200 of the switches. The switch 201 is connected on the side of M2, such that the information M2 is introduced to the control means of the switches through the switch 201.
In the case where the 2D image display mode of the left eye is configured in the M2 information, the switch control means 200 disconnects the switches 11 and 12 and connects / disconnects the switch 13, so that the data L of the left eye image are introduced into the 2D imaging medium 6, and controls the switch 14 so that the 2D imaging medium 6 is connected to the frame memory 2. In this way, the 2D image forming means 6 forms a 2D image of the left eye, and writes the image formed in the frame memory 2 through the switch 14. Next, the 2D image is introduced into the display medium 3 from frame memory 2. In this way, the display means 2 visualizes the image data as a 2D image. At that time it forms
the second image, such as when the 2D image display mode of the left eye is configured in the M2 information, as described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, each 2D image is formed and displayed according to the information M2 of the 2D display mode, as described above.
Even when a 2D image is displayed in this way, the second time measuring / estimating means 205 continues to measure the time t5, and the measured time t5 is introduced to the mode switching control means 202, as in the case Previous 3D image display. In step 42, the display unit estimates whether or not the measured time t5 reaches a predetermined time TIME5. If it does not reach it, the display unit continues displaying 2D images until time t5 reaches the predetermined time TIME5. When the measured time t5 reaches TIME5, the control proceeds to step 43 in which the mode switching control means 202 restarts the 3D display, for example, by sending a measurement stop signal to the second means 205 of measurement / estimation of time. When the second measurement means / time estimate 205 receives the measurement stop signal, they reset the measurement time and stop the time measurement. The control then proceeds to step 33 in which the mode switching control means 202 resets the inhibit indicator of the 3D display to 0 and stores the value of the indicator in memory. Then, since the 3D display inhibit indicator is set to 0, the display unit displays 3D images on the screen according to the information M1 of the display mode.
At this time, a 3D image enable message may be displayed on the screen, in the case where a 3D display enable signal to enable 3D image display is introduced into the control means 202 mode switching.
In the case in which 3D images are continuously displayed for a prolonged period, as described above, it is possible to forcefully disconnect the power and prevent the display of 3D image, even when the user tries to connect the power source. feeding, until a predetermined time has been reached TIME5, so that the user is protected against eye fatigue. In the case where the power to the 3D image display unit is disconnected, then the power is switched on again before the predetermined time is reached TIME5, and the display unit can continue to display images continuously in 2D that require less user eye load.
When the display time t4 of the 3D image reaches the predetermined time TIME4, only the power supply to the display medium 3 can be disconnected. After said power disconnection operation, the power supply of the display medium 3 can be reconnect by pressing the button. For example, the power button can be pressed to feed the display means 3.
The predetermined time TIME4 described above represents a continuous appreciation time, during which the user can appreciate the target images as 3D images. Each of the TIME4 and TIME5 times may be stored as a predetermined value in the memory provided in the 3D image display unit. The default value of TIME4 / TIME5 may not be limited to one. For example, elements related to eye fatigue by the time of appreciation, such as the screen size of the input image, as well as a total playback time in the case where the target input image data is video data , can be used as parameters and the TIME4 / TIME5 can have a series of values depending on the number of combinations of said parameters. The user can be allowed to modify the values of TIME4 / TIME5.
As in the configuration shown in Figure 7, the 3D image decoding means for decoding the 3D image format F3 data and the separation means for separating the decoded 3D image data by means of the decoding means of 3D image in the image data of the right eye and those of the left eye, can be arranged immediately before the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 16. In this regard, the 3D image format F3 data is configured through a part of 3D image control information and a part of image data, exactly the same as the F1 and F2 described in the first and second embodiments. The values stored in the control information I2 configured in the F3 data of the 3D image format are equivalent to the values of TIME4 and TIME5 described above. The 3D image display unit can obtain these values from F3, for use.
The control information I2 contained in the F3 3D image format data may have any of TIME4 and TIME5, and a predetermined value can be used in the control information I2 for any data that is not stored in the control information I2.
The operations of the 3D image decoding medium and the separation medium are the same as those of the first and second embodiments. The data of the image data part, of the F4 format data
3D image described above, may not be encoded; for example, the data may not be compressed.
The part of the 3D image control information of the 3D image format F3 data described above may be repeatedly inserted in the F3, as part, for example, of the programming information, similar to any of those described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
In the 3D image format F3 data, the 3D image control information part may be inserted in the image data part, similar to any of those described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. For example, in the case where data encoded with MPEG-4 is configured in the image data part, the 3D image control information part may be inserted at a predetermined position specified in the MPEG-4 encoded data .
As described above, the time measuring / estimating means 204 begins a measurement when the 3D image display begins. However, in the case of emission, the time measuring / estimating means 204 may begin a measurement of the display time when the first data of the 3D image control information part has been received after it begins at the reception of broadcast contents, or when the first programming information is received, in the event that any data from the 3D image control information part is included in the programming information, such as in the first and second embodiments of the present invention. In the event that the temporary information required to reproduce a program is included in the first programming information received, a time generated using the information can be used to start any measurement to be carried out by means 204 for measuring / estimating the time .
Although in the above description the F3 3D image format data is emitted data, the format data can be transmitted via cable or a network, such as the internet network. Instead of the transmission, the information may be recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk, an optical disk or the like.
As described above, the 3D image display unit can obtain values of TIME4 and TIME5 from the values set in the control information of the 3D image format F3 data used, as in the first and the second embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the TIME4 / TIME5 can be conveniently set, according to each data to be displayed as a 3D image. And as described above, in the case where 3D images are continuously displayed for a prolonged period, so that the power to the 3D image display unit is forcefully disconnected, and then the display unit If the user is fed again, the 3D image display unit can be enabled to resume viewing in the position immediately before the forced disconnection. For example, in the case where the power to the display unit is disconnected while a file is playing, the display unit may resume viewing at the point immediately before disconnection. In the case where the power of the display unit is disconnected while the user is watching a program of a broadcast channel, the user can resume the broadcast of the same channel immediately after the forced disconnection.
In the case where the display unit is provided with reception means for the mentioned emission and recording means, or is provided with reception means and is connected to an external recording device, and the user continuously observes 3D images Above the predetermined time TIME4, the power of the display unit may be disconnected while receiving the 3D image broadcast and start recording immediately so that the receiving medium and the recording medium can continue to receive and record the broadcast by keeping your power supplies connected. Consequently, the emission of 3D images, recorded while their power supplies are connected, can be reproduced later.
While the operation of the 3D image display unit has been described with respect to a case in which two input images are used, this embodiment can be extended to address a case in which three input images are used, with the same method as any of those described in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
The image data portion of the 3D image format F3 data may include images of n (n 1) views. In such a case, the 3D image decoding means 500 and the separation means 504 can be expanded with the same method as any of the first and second embodiments of the present invention.
The 3D image display unit of the first and second embodiments of the present invention described above, is provided with means for storing passwords and an input portion of
passwords to enter passwords and request a password entry each time the display unit is used by the user. In this regard, the display unit can distinguish the user by each password, and manage the 3D image display time for each user.
Since each user is distinguished by their password and the 3D image display time is thus managed for each user, each user can use the 3D image display unit regardless of the conditions under which other observers have used The display unit. In other words, since the display unit asks each user for their password to use the display unit, and differentiates each user to thereby manage the 3D image display time, even after a user uses the display unit in a 3D image display mode for a prolonged period, so that the power supply is forcibly disconnected, another user can use the display unit in 3D image display mode.
This third embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to a multi-eye type display unit, with respect to the displacement of any of the 3D image display, the message display and the 2D image display, by adjusting the parallax according to the present invention, as well as by using the password of each user.
As described in the first embodiment, each 3D image has a parallax and the user perceives each image as a 3D one, due to its parallax. While parallax differs between pixels of each 3D image, a 3D image that has many pixels with large parallaxes looks like a clearer 3D image, and a 3D image that has fewer pixels with large parallaxes does not look so clearly as a 3D image. An index that indicates such a solidity perception scale is called the "3D intensity". This fourth embodiment manages how to limit the 3D image display method when a series of 3D images have different 3D intensity values.
The intensity of 3D can be objectively determined by the average value of the parallax values of the pixels (an average value of said values of a full screen for a still image, and an average value of said values for a complete video image) , or can be determined by subjective evaluation. The intensity of 3D can also be determined by a weighted average of both. As an objective evaluation, any one can be used between a weighted average value, a median, a maximum value, etc., instead of the average value. In the case of video, the maximum value of each frame is obtained, and as an objective evaluation value any one can be used between an average value of the maximum values in all the frames, a median value, a maximum value, etc.
Generally, when observing 3D images that have large 3D intensity values, the user accuses eye fatigue rather than when observing 3D images with small 3D intensity values, so that the allowable 3D image display time should be vary depending on the intensity of 3D.
Figure 19 shows a relationship between the intensity of 3D (I) and the allowable time of 3D image display. Figure 19A shows a case of I = 1, in which it is assumed that the "cumulative intensity" (vertical axis) that grows at a certain speed (k = a) is calculated with the display time of the 3D image (axis horizontal) The value of the cumulative intensity is 0 at time 0 and TH at time t1. TH indicates a predetermined threshold value, and the 3D image display unit of the present invention performs the following processes at the time (t1) when the cumulative intensity reaches the TH value.
Change the display mode, from 3D image display to 2D image display.
The 3D image display continues reducing the parallax.
Displays a warning message on the screen.
When method (1) is used, t1 indicates the allowable time (3D image display time) to continue with the current 3D image display. The message of (3) indicates that the 3D image display time in question is above the allowable time, and asks the user whether to switch to 2D image display. These processes can be substituted with any of the processes, or some of these processes can be combined. For example, (1) and (2) can be combined and when the current display mode is changed to 2D image display, the change message is displayed on the screen.
Figure 19B shows a case of I = 2, in which the cumulative intensity is calculated as in the previous case, while it is assumed that a certain factor k is twice (k = 2a) as in Figure 19A. Therefore, the time (t2) in
that the cumulative intensity reaches the threshold value is half of t1. In the case where method (1) is used, the permissible time of 3D image display becomes half of that shown in Figure 19A.
In general, the cumulative intensity (AI) is represented as follows, using the intensity of 3D I and the time t of 3D image display.
AI = f (I, t)
In this case, it is assumed that f (I, t) is a function of I and t. Figure 19 satisfies f (I, t) = k (I) · t. However, k (I) is a function of I and in Figure 9 it is assumed that k (I) = a · I (a is an integer).
For f and k other functions can be used, as follows; for example, a main function, a secondary or change function, or any other function can be used. The constants m, a, � can be determined by tests. In the case that a is correct, the previous extension k (I) becomes an increasing monotonous function of I. In the case that k (I) is positive, f (I, t) in the previous expression becomes in a monotonous increasing function of t.
In the case where the cumulative intensity grows over time, as shown in Figure 19, the 3D image display unit of the present invention adds a given amount (s · l) to the cumulative intensity, every certain time interval The "s" indicates a predetermined constant and the relationship between "s" and a is as follows.
a = (s / d)
Figure 20 shows the relationship between cumulative intensity and time in such a case. For example, in the case where time is represented in seconds and the intensity of 3D I increases exactly by 3 every second with respect to a 3D image that has an intensity of 3D I = 1, it is assumed d = 1 and s = 3.
Whenever the cumulative intensity increases exactly in the value of s · I, the cumulative intensity is compared with the threshold value TH in the 3D image display unit of the present invention. In the case where the cumulative intensity is less than TH, the current 3D image display continues. In the case where the cumulative intensity is above TH, any of the processes (1) to (3) can be carried out.
In other words, the display mode of the 3D image display unit can be changed, according to the magnitude relationship between the threshold value and the cumulative intensity. For example, it is then assumed that the threshold value to be introduced to the 3D image display unit is modified from TH0 to TH1 at time t1. In the case where TH1 = 0 is assumed, the display mode of the 3D image display unit can be changed in t1, to any of the (1) to (3) described above, regardless of the intensity value cumulative
As shown in Figure 8, the 3D image format data of the contents of the 3D image is configured by a part of the 3D image control information that includes the image identification information I1 in 3D and the control information I2, as well as a part of image data configured by encoded data D. The control information I2 includes information of intensity_3D, threshold_3D, display_mode and selection_image_2D. The display mode mentioned in this case means information that indicates a display mode in which the 3D image display unit displays image data when the cumulative intensity exceeds the threshold value. For example, there are three modes described in items (1) to (3) described above.
For example, in the case where the cumulative intensity is below the threshold value (TH> 0), the current display mode is maintained as is. In the case where the cumulative intensity is above the threshold value (TH 0), the current display mode is switched to another. In TH> 0, none of the 3D image data creator, the image data provider, etc., can control the time in which the cumulative intensity exceeds the threshold value. However, in the case where the threshold value TH is 0, the cumulative intensity always exceeds the threshold value when the display unit receives the threshold value 0. In this case, any of the 3D image data creator, the image data provider, etc. They can therefore control the display mode of the 3D image display unit. In other words, a suitable display mode can be selected from the following modes.
Switch the current display mode from 3D display mode to 2D display mode.
Reduce the parallax to relax the user's eye fatigue, while maintaining the current 3D image mode.
(3) Displays a warning message on the screen, such as "Quickly stop the 3D image display to protect against eye fatigue."
The 3D image data creator, the image data provider, or the like, can specify any of the modes (1) to (3) in the 3D image control information part for the image display unit in 3D For example, in the case where it is specified in advance (1), the mode is switched to the 2D image display mode when the display unit receives the threshold value TH = 0.
In the case where no display mode is specified in the 3D image control information part,
or a user request is entered into the unit, the display unit uses the default display mode or the user specified display mode, to display the target image data.
In the case where a 2D display mode is currently selected, and the 2D display image selection information indicates right eye image data, the right eye image data is used to display the image. in 2D objective. In the case where the selection information indicates image data of the left eye, image data of the left eye is used to display the 2D image.
As described in the first embodiment of the present invention, the 3D image control information portion may be repetitively inserted at any position in the 3D image format data, so that the data creator of 3D image, the image data provider, or the like, can reset the threshold value TH to 0 (change the display mode) at any position in the 3D image format data.
For example, Figure 9 shows an example of reception of 3D image content emission waves. In the broadcast contents configured by means of a series of pieces of programming information and a series of 3D image contents, the programming information includes the part of 3D image control information (control information I2), and the Threshold value TH can be inserted into the format data each time the programming information is inserted into them. In this way, the threshold value TH can be reset to 0 at said timing. For example, in the case where the display mode is (1), the 3D image display unit can switch the display mode to a 2D display one.
And as described in the first embodiment of the present invention, the 3D image control information part can be inserted into the image data part shown in Figure 8. In this case, the display mode of The 3D image display unit can be changed for each frame.
The 3D image control information may also be inserted not only in emission waves, but also in 3D image contents exchanged by a cable, a network such as the internet network, or the like, as well as in image contents in 3D recorded on a hard disk, an optical disk or the like.
Figure 21 shows another example of the relationship between 3D intensity, cumulative intensity and allowable 3D viewing time. In this example, the growth rate of the cumulative intensity is assumed to be the same when the intensity of 3D I is 1 and when it is 2, while the threshold value TH differs between the two cases. In other words, in I = 1 TH1 is used and in I = 2 TH2 is used (half of TH1). Therefore, in the case of I = 1, the cumulative intensity I reaches the threshold value TH at t1. In the case of I = 2, the cumulative intensity reaches the threshold value TH at t2, which is half of t1. When the cumulative intensity reaches the threshold value TH, the 3D image display unit performs any of the processes
(1) to (3).
Thus, the present invention can achieve the objective of this embodiment, even when different threshold values are used for different 3D intensity values.
Next, we will describe how to limit 3D visualization in the case where a series of 3D images that have different 3D intensity values are continuously displayed.
Figure 22 shows a relationship between display time and cumulative intensity. In this example, 3D images that have an intensity of 3D I = 1, respectively, are displayed between instant 0 and instant a. 3D images that have an intensity of 3D I = 3 are displayed, respectively, between instant a and instant b, and 3D images that have an intensity of 3D I = 3, respectively, are displayed from moment b. In this respect, the cumulative intensity grows with a slope of k = 2a between moments 0 and a, grows with a slope k = a between moments a and b, and grows with a slope of k = 3a at time b and later. THm indicates a threshold value and, at the time c at which the cumulative intensity reaches THm, any of the processes (1) to (3) described above can be carried out.
In the case where the process (1) is selected, the 3D image display unit switches the display mode to 2D display at time c. Next, although it is not described in detail in this case, in this embodiment, the display unit reduces the cumulative intensity after a moment c, as shown in Figure 22, at some speed, and resumes the initial 3D display when the cumulative intensity becomes 0.
Figure 23 shows a block diagram of the 3D image display unit of this embodiment.
The means 2301 for generating 3D image control information generates a part of 3D image control information, shown in Figure 8, from the 3D intensity and the threshold value. For example, the intensity of 3D adopts the value of an integer between 1 and 4 and is represented by a 2-bit "intensity_3D" variable. The threshold value adopts a variable value between 0 and 65,535, and is represented by a 16-bit "3D_umbral" variable. It is assumed that said information elements are encoded to a fixed or variable length. And in the case where they are encoded in variables, it is assumed that the Haffman coding method, the arithmetic coding method or the like is used.
The 3D image coding means 2302 uses a static coding method such as JPEG or the like, or a video coding method such as MPEG or the like, to encode the original image data. It is assumed that the original image data is configured by image data of the right eye and image data of the left eye. The right eye image data and the left eye image data are reduced, respectively, and then combined to obtain the right and left target image data. In this case, these processes are carried out as preprocessing. In addition to compressing the image using JPEG, MPEG, etc., the representation of bitmaps and computer graphics are also included in the coding process mentioned in this case.
Multiplexing means 2303 obtains image format data by multiplexing the target encoded data and the 3D image control information portion. In this regard, the 3D image control information is also inserted in the 3D image format data. This insertion method has already been described with reference to Figures 8 and 9, so that in this case the details are omitted. Multiplexed 3D image format data is stored on a recording medium, or transmitted to a transmission medium.
In this way, the information indicating the intensity of 3D and the threshold value of each 3D image is stored
or transmitted along with the encoded data of the 3D image.
Figure 24 shows a block diagram of the 3D image display unit of this embodiment.
The demultiplexing medium 2401 delivers the 3D image format data stored in a recording medium or sent to a transmission medium, and divides the data into the encoded data and the control part of the 3D image.
The 3D image decoding means 2403 decodes encoded data to obtain target decoded image data. It is assumed that the decoded image data is configured by image data of the right eye and image data of the left eye. The 3D image decoding means also performs the separation into image data of the right eye and image data of the left eye, as described above.
The means 2402 for analyzing the control information of the 3D image analyzes the control information part of the 3D image to decode the intensity of 3D and the threshold value. For example, the display unit obtains a 2-bit "intensity_3D" variable as a 3D intensity value, and a 16-bit "3D_umbral" variable as a threshold value.
Next, the medium 2402 decodes the information to indicate the intensity of 3D and the threshold values stored or received together with the encoded data of each 3D image, as described above.
Figure 25A shows a block diagram of the 3D image display unit of this embodiment. The display unit uses the intensity of 3D and the threshold value to limit the display of 3D using the above method, such as in processes (1) to (3).
The display control means 2501 calculates the cumulative intensity based on the intensity of 3D, and controls the 3D image forming medium 2502, the 2D image forming medium 2503, the switch 2504 and the display medium 2505, depending on the result of the comparison between the cumulative intensity and the threshold value, as follows.
In the case where the value of the cumulative intensity is below the threshold value, the display unit manages the means of forming the 3D image in 3D, to form a 3D image to be displayed, and stops the means 2503 of 2D image formation. The switch 2504 is connected to the 3D imaging medium 2500, so that the 3D display image is sent to the display medium 2502. Next, the display unit configures the display medium 2505 in the display mode. of 3D, to visualize the images of visualization in 3D.
In the case where the cumulative intensity is above the threshold value and the 3D visualization is limited as in (1), the display unit operates the 2D imaging medium 2503 to form a display image in 2D, and the operation of the 2502 3D imaging medium ceases. Switch 2504 is connected to 2D image forming means 2503, so that the 2D display image is sent to display medium 2505. Next, the display unit configures display medium 2505 in display mode. 2D, to display the 2D display images.
In the case where the intensity of 3D is above the threshold value and 3D visualization is limited as in the process (2), the operation of the 3D image forming means 2502 is the same as when the Cumulative intensity is below the threshold value. The display means 2501 changes the mode of operation of the 3D image forming means 2502, and the 3D image forming means 2502 forms a 3D image with a smaller parallax, using the method described above.
Although the same display mode is used for the two threshold values of TH> 0 and TH = 0, as described above, the display mode can be controlled flexibly as follows, according to the user's degree of eye fatigue triggered by 3D image data.
In the case where the 3D image data creator or the image data provider estimates that the user's eyes are not too affected by the 3D image data, the threshold TH> 0 and the mode can be used Display can be any of (1) to (3). In the case where the 3D image data creator or the image data provider estimates that the user's eyes can be greatly affected by the 3D image data, the threshold value of TH = 0 and the mode can be used Display is limited to (1) only and immediately switches to 2D display mode. Said control method is also enabled by a combination of the threshold value and the display mode.
In the previous example, the image data used in the 2D image formation medium 2503 is switched between the image data of the right eye and the image data of the left eye, according to the image selection information 2D display. However, in the case where the use of the image data of the right eye or the image data of the left eye is configured in advance in the display unit, the configured image data can be used. In this case, the image data that has been used in the 2D image display mode can also be used.
When the 3D image display mode currently set in the 3D image display unit is changed, the image data creator, the image data provider or the like can change the mode by setting the threshold value TH to 0 in the control information I2 of the control part of the 3D image, at any expected timing, regardless of the state of the 3D image display unit.
In the case where the intensity of 3D is above the threshold value and the 3D visualization is limited as in the previous process (3), the display means 2505 displays a warning message, basically such as when the intensity Cumulative is below the threshold value.
As for how to form 3D visualization images and 2D visualization images, it is the same as in the case described in the first to third embodiments of the present invention, so that in this case the description will be omitted.
Although in the previous example only one of the processes (1) to (3) is carried out when the cumulative intensity reaches the threshold value, it is also possible to prepare a series of process content sets in advance, and properly use one of these sets. For example, the following sets of processes can be defined in advance.
A: perform the process (1).
B: perform the process (2).
C: perform the process (3).
D: perform the processes (1) and (3).
E: performs the processes (2) and (3).
And the information to specify any of the sets A to E is included in the control part of the 3D image. Therefore, the information S to indicate the previous sets of processes is stored or transmitted together with the encoded data for each 3D image in the 3D image display unit, and then the 3D image display unit decodes the information. S to select a process to be carried out when the cumulative intensity reaches the threshold value, according to the information S.
Next, a method for correcting cumulative intensity and threshold values in the 3D image display unit will be described. The above method uses the same 3D intensity and the same threshold values, regardless of the characteristics of the display medium, even when the same 3D image is displayed on display media with different characteristics (display size, viewing distance, etc. .). However, in fact it is considered natural that the user's eye fatigue increases in proportion, for example, to the size of the display screen or the viewing distance. Preferably, the 3D intensity and threshold values should be corrected according to the characteristics of the display medium. For example, the intensity of 3D and threshold values, stored or transmitted together with the 3D encoded image data, should be optimally determined (standard 3D intensity and standard threshold value) for the display medium equipped with standard features, such as Standard display screen size, observation distance, etc. In this way, each display unit corrects the intensity of standard 3D and standard threshold values, depending on the characteristics of the display medium.
To achieve such a correction method, the correction means 2506 shown in Figure 25B is connected to an input part of the display control means 2501, in the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 25A . The correction means 2506 corrects the intensity of standard 3D (In) and the standard threshold (THn), and delivers respectively the intensity of standard corrected 3D (I) and the corrected threshold value (TH). I and TH are generally provided as follows, by means of the correction functions G and H, depending on the characteristics of the display medium.
I = G (In)
TH = H (THn)
Correction functions may be represented by primary functions, for example, as follows.
G (In) = N1 · In + N2
H (THn) = N3THn + N3
N1 to N3 are values found through tests, etc. More easily, it is possible to correct only THn to find I and THn, as follows.
TH = N.THn
It is also possible to correct only In.
In the above expressions, the observation distance of the display means of the display unit is the same as the standard observation distance. In the event that the display screen is larger than the standard display screen, N adopts a value less than 1. In the case that the display screen is larger than the standard display screen, N adopts a value greater than 1.
As described above, although in this fourth embodiment, image data of 2 views configured using the left eye image data and the right eye image data is used, it is clear that this fourth embodiment can also be applied to image data from multiple viewpoints, configured by image data from three or more viewpoints, such as in the first embodiment.
Next, the processes to be carried out when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm will be described in detail. The processes (1) to (3) are also objective processes to be carried out in this case. In first
instead, the process (1) is described in this case, that is, how to change a 3D display mode to a 2D display mode.
In the case where a 3D viewing mode is changed to a 2D viewing mode, the user's eye fatigue is relaxed. In this way, 3D visualization can resume when the user recovers sufficiently from eye fatigue.
Switching to a 2D image display can be performed automatically, or method (3) (to be described later) can be used together with method (1), to go to the new mode automatically or manually by user, after that a warning message has been displayed. In the following description, it is assumed that the display mode is switched to a 2D image display mode automatically.
The 3D image display unit of the present embodiment may restart the 3D image display, as follows.
Restarts the target 3D image display, after a predetermined time (Tm) has been reached.
Reduces the cumulative intensity (AI) each fixed time interval while viewing 2D images. Restarts the 3D image display when the cumulative intensity (AI) drops to a predetermined value.
Restarts the 3D image display when the user manually switches between 2D image display and 3D image display.
In any of the above cases, the initial value of the cumulative intensity (AI) when the 3D image display begins may be the same as when the previous 3D image display begins (f0: f0 = f (I, 0) ). Otherwise, the initial value should adopt a predetermined threshold value (THs: f0 <THs) and the time of the restarted 3D display can be limited to shorten the 3D display time after the display has restarted. The value of THs is determined by tests. In the event that the switching between 3D image display and 2D image display is repeated, the value of THs can be modified according to the number of repetitions.
If method (A) is used, the value of Tm must also be determined by tests. If the switching between 3D image display and 2D image display is repeated, the value of Tm can be modified according to the number of repetitions. In the case where Tm adopts a large value, long-term 3D image display is disabled, even if the user has sufficiently recovered from eye fatigue. In the case where Tm adopts a small value to accelerate the restart of the original 3D image display, the user cannot recover sufficiently from eye fatigue. Thus, THs must adopt a large value to shorten the 3D image display after the 3D image display has restarted. This is why the combination of the values of Tm and THs can be modified based on user preferences.
Next, a case will be described in which method (B) is used. While 2D images are displayed, the cumulative intensity (AI) is represented as follows, using the following expression and the 2D image display time T.
AI = THm · g (t, THm)
THm is a function that indicates the cumulative intensity when 3D image viewing begins, and g is a function that indicates a decreasing value of the cumulative intensity.
While the function g indicates a decreasing value of the cumulative intensity as described above, the value indicates, in other words, how much the user has recovered from eye fatigue. The function g is also determined by tests. In the following description, it is assumed that the following monotonous increasing function, of the time t of 2D image display is used.
g (t, THM) = y · t (y: positive constant)
In the case that T> THm / y, the following is assumed.
g (t, THm) = THm
In the case of the example shown in Figure 22, the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm, where it indicates a permissible limit of 3D viewing, so that the display mode is changed to the 2D image display mode . In 2D display mode, the cumulative intensity (AI) decreases at a fixed speed and the 2D image display continues until the cumulative intensity (AI) becomes 0, which is the same as the initial value of the first 3D image display (between moments 0 and c). Then, the 3D image display restarts at the time d at which the cumulative intensity AI becomes 0. Similar to the example shown in Figure 26, the 3D image display restarts at the time "e" where the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THs, the allowable time for 3D image display after reboot can be reduced, and the time taken until the 3D image display is restarted, exactly in the range of time between e and d.
The function g to indicate the previous decreasing value of the cumulative intensity can also be used to calculate the cumulative intensity (AI) during 2D image display, not only when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the permissible limit of image display in 3D, but also when the 2D image display is switched from the 3D image display, apparently by the user, as well as the displayed contents.
Next, a case in which the above method (c) is used will be described. In this case, the user switches the display mode from 2D viewing to 3D viewing, apparently using a remote control device or the like. The method has the advantage that the user is protected against the flexibility of eye fatigue, since the user estimates the eye fatigue itself. This is because the amount of fatigue and recovery of the eyes differs between users. However, if the method is used in an incorrect manner, the method may adversely affect the user's eyes. To prevent such a problem, the display mode can be switched to a 3D display only when the 2D display time exceeds a predetermined time, or the cumulative intensity (AI) calculated during 2D viewing with the same method which in (B) descends from a predetermined threshold value. And if the elapsed time remains below a predetermined time or the cumulative intensity (AI) is above a predetermined threshold value, a warning message can be displayed on the screen to notify the user of the fact that the Switching the 3D display is disabled.
Next, it will be described in detail how to continue the 3D visualization for which the parallaxes in the previous point (2) are reduced, as a process carried out when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm. In this case, the parallax is reduced to relax the load on the user's eyes, thereby allowing 3D visualization to continue. The previous method (2) is used to adjust the parallax. The parallax adjustment can be done automatically, or it is possible to use the previous method (3) together with the method (2) to display a warning message once, and then adjust it automatically or manually by the user. Parallax adjustment can also be done only once when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm, or it can be done so that new threshold values THm1, THm2, ..., THmn are determined for the cumulative intensity (AI) , and the parallax is gradually reduced according to each of said new threshold values. As shown in the example of Figure 27, the value of the 3D intensity after said parallax adjustment can be reduced according to the value of the adjusted parallax, and then used to calculate the cumulative intensity (AI). For example, in Figure 27, the parallax is gradually adjusted for the displayed contents of intensity of 3D I = 4, each time the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches one of THm, THm1, THm2, ... and THmn. And the intensity of 3D (I) is also modified gradually when I = 3, I = 2 and I = 1, sequentially. Because the parallax adjustment is done gradually in this way, the feeling of incompatibility that the user may have is suppressed.
Next, a detailed presentation will be made on how to display a warning message of point (3) when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm. In this case, the warning can be notified not only with a message to indicate that the permissible limit of 3D viewing has been exceeded, but also by connecting an LED warning light or the like, arranged in the display unit. A warning sound can also be used to notify the user of said warning situation. The warning can only be performed when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm, or it can be carried out continuously or intermittently until the 3D display stops, for example, when the user switches the display mode from 3D to 2D apparently, or when the display mode of the displayed contents is switched to 2D image display after the channel has been changed. It is also possible to visualize to what extent the permissible limit THm of 3D visualization is reached (for example, 100 · AI / THm), before the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm. In addition, the warning can be made in a case where the current 3D display stops once and then restarts before a predetermined period has been reached. An apparent user operation to switch to a 3D display mode can be overridden until a predetermined period has elapsed, and the remaining time can be displayed until the 3D viewing resumes. Similarly, the warning can be performed even when the initial 3D display is restarted in a situation where the cumulative intensity (AI) calculated in the above 2D display mode exceeds a predetermined threshold value. It is also possible that the apparent switching of the user
In 3D viewing mode, it is canceled in the case where the cumulative intensity (AI) is above a predetermined threshold value, and the remaining time is displayed until 3D viewing is enabled.
While the processes (1) to (3) carried out when the cumulative intensity (AI) reaches the threshold value THm have been described in detail above, only one of the processes (1) to (3) can be carried out, or the processes (1) to (3) can be combined to obtain the same effect. In the event that processes (1) to (3) are combined, the threshold value THm of the cumulative intensity (AI) can be a common value among all processes
(1) to (3), or it can be an independent value for each process.
As described above, to describe the fourth embodiment, image data from 2 views configured using the image data of the right eye and those of the left eye are used. However, it is clear that the fourth embodiment can also be applied to image data from multiple viewpoints, configured by means of three or more viewpoints of the image data, as in the first embodiment.
The 3D image display unit of the fourth embodiment uses the 3D intensity and the threshold value of a cumulative intensity value, as 3D image control information associated with the 3D images to be reproduced. The F1 data of 3D image format used in the first embodiment include times TIME1 and TIME2 of continuous listening and observation. This fifth embodiment manages a recording unit for recording 3D video images and 3D image control information on a digital video tape, as one of the recording methods for recording 3D image control information that includes such times. TIME1 and TIME2.
First, a description will be made on how the tracks of the digital video tape used to record data in this fifth embodiment are formatted. Generally, each currently broadcast digital VTR uses a so-called helical scanning method. This method records data on dashed tracks on the tape. Figure 28 shows how the data is recorded on said discontinuous tracks. The tape has a series of tracks 2801 and a 3D image is divided and recorded on a series of tracks.
Figure 29 shows an expanded view of one of the tracks 2801 and an example of the digital VTR track format, used to record data in this fifth embodiment. Each track 2801 includes an ITI zone 2901 (Insert and Track Information, insert and track information), an audio recording zone 2902 for recording audio data, an image recording zone 2903 for recording image data, and a subcode recording zone 2904 for recording associated information such as a time code, etc. Image recording zone 2913 can record not only 3D images, but also the information associated with said 3D images. Similarly, audio recording zone 2902 can record not only audio data, but also information associated with audio data. In addition to said two zones, subcode recording zone 2904 may record associated information, as described above. And a margin is provided between these zones, so that each zone is enabled for post-recording. Figure 30 shows an enlarged view of the image recording area 2903. Image recording zone 2903 includes a preamble 3001 for recording a synchronous pattern, etc., VAUX (Video Auxiliary data, video auxiliary data) at 3002 and VAUX 3004 for recording information associated with images, a data recording zone 3003 of encoded image to record encoded image data, an error correction code 3005 and a final synchronizer 3006 which has a function to obtain a margin. Although in this fifth embodiment the area for recording information associated with images is divided into a VAUX at 3002 and VAUX 3004, said two zones are combined into a VAUX zone, and henceforth the combined zone will be referred to as a VAUX zone.
Although not shown in this case, audio recording zone 2902 also has an AAUX (Audio AUXiliary data, auxiliary data) zone for recording information associated with audio data.
Next, a recording unit of this fifth embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 31. Figure 31 shows a block diagram of the recording unit of this fifth embodiment. As shown in Figure 31, the recording unit includes a 3D image recording part 3101, an audio recording part 3102, an associated information recording part 3103, a multiplexing part 3104 and a part 3105 Tape recording.
Part 3109 3D image recording introduces 3D image data. Although the 3D image data is configured by image data from a series of channels, in this fifth embodiment the 3D image coding part 3101 introduces image data from only two channels, for the left eye image data ( left image) and image data of the right eye (right image). The 3D image coding part 3010 combines the image of the left eye and the image of the right eye and encodes the combined image with a predetermined method, and then delivers the encoded 3D image data.
The audio coding part 3102 enters audio data and encodes the data, and then delivers the encoded audio data.
The associated information coding part 3103 encodes associated information such as the information of a combination method used to combine left and right images in the 3D image coding part 3101, the 3D intensity information, the threshold value of the cumulative intensity, the allowed time for continuous listening and observation, etc., and delivers the coded data of associated information. The above coding method is used in this case to transform data into a fixed length value corresponding to each piece of the previous information.
The multiplexing part 3104 enters 3D encoded image data, information of a combination method selected for a combination operation, encoded audio data and associated information encoded data, and then multiplexes the data to be recorded on the tape, and delivers multiplexed data to record on tape.
The tape recording part 3105 records tape recording data on the tape, which is a recording medium according to the above format.
Next, the multiplexing part 3104 will be described in greater detail with reference to Figure 32. As shown in Figure 32, the multiplexing part 3104 includes a part 3201 for the distribution of coded data of associated information, a part 3202 of data combination of the image recording area, a data combination part 3203 of the audio recording area, a data combination part 3204 of the subcode recording area and a part 3205 of a combination of tracks.
The part 3201 of distribution of coded data of associated information enters coded data of associated information and determines a target zone between the VAUX zone, the AAUX zone and the subcode zone, and then distributes the data to the determined zone. In this fifth embodiment, the encoded data of the information associated with the combination method of the left and right images is distributed to the VAUX zone, and the information associated with the 3D intensity, the cumulative intensity threshold value, and the Permissible listening time and continuous observation are delivered to the subcode area.
The data combining part 3202 of the image recording zone enters 3D encoded image data delivered from the 3D image coding part 3101 and associated information encoded data of the VAUX zone delivered from the distribution part 3201 coded data of associated information. The data combination portion 3202 of the image recording area combines said data into a formatted data piece as shown in Figure 30. The associated information includes information of a combination method selected for the right and left images delivered. , for example, from part 3101 of 3D image coding. Next, the preamble 3001, the error collection code 3005 and the final synchronization 3006 are added to the associated information, so that the data of the image recording area is delivered.
The data combination part 3203 of the audio recording zone enters encoded audio data delivered from the audio coding part 3102 and encoded data of the associated information of the AAUX zone delivered from the part 3201 of the encoded data distribution part of associated information, and combines said data in predetermined formatted data to deliver the audio recording area.
The data combination part 3204 of the subcode recording zone enters coded data of associated information from the subcode zone delivered from the part 3201 of distribution of coded data of associated information, and combines the data, in predetermined formatted data to be delivered to the subcode recording area.
The track combination part 3205 enters data from the image recording zone, the audio recording zone and the subcode recording zone and combines this data into formatted data as shown in Figure 29, and adds ITI information 2901 and a margin between zones, to the combined data to deliver and record.
As described above, in this embodiment, the data is recorded at the same time in the audio recording zone, the image recording zone and the subcode recording zone. However, data may not necessarily be recorded at the same time in all these areas. The data can be recorded only in some of the zones, for example, first only in the audio recording zone and in the image recording zone, and then the data in the subcode recording zone can be recorded by post-recording. Even after data has been recorded in all these zones, data can be overwritten independently in each of the zones, by post-recording.
The 3D intensity information, the threshold value of the cumulative intensity and the allowable time for continuous listening and viewing can be determined in an editing process after the end of the photographed, according to the result of the final contents, which are normally determined finally at the time of the photographed. For example, the image data can be recorded at an intensity of 3D = 1 as the default value during the photographed, and then the image data is post-recorded at I = 2 in the case where in the subjective assessment of the process of edition is estimated that 3D intensity is greater than the default value. In the recording unit of this fifth embodiment, the 3D intensity information, the cumulative intensity, the threshold value and the allowable time for continuous listening and observation are recorded in the subcode area, in which post-recording can be performed more easily. , so that said information elements can be easily modified even in the editing process.
Although in this fifth embodiment the 3D intensity information, the threshold value of the cumulative intensity and the allowable time for continuous listening and observation are recorded in the subcode area, as described above, said information elements may be combined into one and recorded in the VAUX zone, since it is considered that all these training elements are associated with images.
In order to achieve such a method, the operation of the part 3201 of distribution of coded data of associated information, shown in Figure 32, is modified so that the coded data of all the above information elements is delivered to the zone VAUX In this respect, the information associated with images is gathered in one position, so that said information elements can be handled more easily, although at that time the post-recording facility is lost. For example, when image data is copied to a medium that has a different recording format, in the case where only the contents of the image recording area are to be copied, all the information elements associated with images are obtained , so that the subcode zone can be omitted. And to prevent the image data from being overwritten by post-recording, the image data can be recorded in the subcode area and also in the VAUX zone.
The subcode zone and the VAUX zone are, respectively, limited in their storage capacity. Therefore, in the case where the image data cannot be recorded entirely in any of these zones, the information associated with the 3D images can be recorded in the AAUX zone.
Some digital VTR machines are equipped with a cassette memory to record associated information respectively. In this way, the above associated information can be recorded in memory.
The associated information can also be recorded in the memory of the unit in question. In this regard, as in the previous description, the recording area may include an image recording zone, an audio recording zone and a subcode recording zone, and in these areas, display control information of 3D image or photo status information.
The configuration of the recording unit in this fifth embodiment is also in accordance with the method of digital VTR used for home recorders, except for specific parts for 3D images. Accordingly, among the information elements associated with recording in this fifth embodiment, the associated associated information elements specific to 3D images, for example, information elements relating to how to combine the right and left images, 3D intensity values, Cumulative intensity threshold values, permissible listening and continuous display times, etc., can be recorded in the domestic digital VTR format. 2D and 3D images can both be recorded on the same tape.
However, in the fifth embodiment of the present invention the data transmitter, for example, the 3D image data creator, the broadcast station, or the content provider (hereinafter simply referred to as the provider, etc.) it specifies in a forced way the timing to start the 2D visualization in the 3D image data in question. Next, the specific method will be described.
As shown in Figure 8, the 3D image format F1 data of the contents of the 3D image is configured by a part of the 3D image control information that includes the image identification information I1 in 3D and control information I2, as well as a portion of image data configured by encoded data D. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 33, control information I2 includes a forced 2D display indicator ( 2D_forcible_Display_indicator) and selection information of the 2D display image (in selection_2D_image). The forced 2D display indicator indicates whether to order the 3D image display medium to force a 2D display mode when viewing 3D image data. The 2D display image selection information indicates which of the image data of the right eye and the image data of the left eye is to be displayed when the display mode is forcefully switched to 2D images, in accordance with the value set in the forced 2D display indicator. In the case where 3D image data is to be displayed, the 2D display image selection information is ignored.
For example, in the case where the forced 2D display indicator is worth 1, the display mode is forcefully switched to 2D image display. In the case where the 2D display image selection information indicates at that time image data of the right eye, the image data of the right eye is used to display the target 2D image. In the case where the 2D display image selection information indicates the left eye image data, the left eye image data is used to display the target 2D image.
In the case where the forced 2D display indicator is worth 0, the 2D image display mode is not forcefully switched. There are various methods to achieve this operation, as follows. The first method is to continue with the display mode as is. For example, in the case where the 3D image display mode is currently set, the mode is maintained as such. In the case where the 2D image display mode is currently set, the mode is maintained as such. The second method is to specify the 3D image display mode regardless of the current display mode. The third method is used to select the 2D or 3D image display mode, under other conditions. For example, if the allowable 3D image display time has not yet been reached, it is activated from the 3D image display mode. In the case where the allowable 3D image display time has already been reached, the 2D image display mode is activated. If the user presses a button to switch the display mode to another, the selected display mode is activated. Which of the methods to use can be determined in advance between the 3D image coding device and the decoding device.
As described in the first embodiment, the 3D image control information part can be repeatedly inserted at any position in the 3D image format data F1. The 3D image data creator, the image data provider, or the like, can set the forced 2D display indicator (to switch to 2D image display) to 1, at any position in the F1 format data 3D image.
For example, Figure 9 shows an example of broadcasting of 3D image contents, in the case where the broadcasting contents are configured by means of a series of programming information pieces and a series of 3D image contents, and the Some 3D image control information is included in the programming information. At that time, in the case where the forced 2D display indicator is worth 1, when the programming information is inserted into the 3D image format data F1, the 2D image display mode is activated for the medium of display on the reception side.
And as described in the previous embodiments of the present invention, the 3D image control information portion may be inserted into the image data portion shown in Figure 33. In this regard, the display means of 3D image can be forced to a 2D image display mode, for each frame.
Said 3D image control information can also be inserted into the 3D image contents exchanged through a cable, and a network such as the Internet, as well as the 3D image contents recorded on a recording medium such as hard drives, optical drives, etc.
Figure 34 shows an example of a 3D image coding device 2003 for forming the 3D image format data F1 and a 2004 decoding device for decoding the information.
In Figure 34, the 3D image data creator or the image data provider instructs the 2005 means of formation of the 3D image control information to be forced into a 2D image display mode, in a specified timing in the 3D image data entered, and sets the 2D display indicator set to the 3D image control information part, corresponding to the image data. At the same time, the 3D image data creator or the image data provider writes which of the image data of the right eye and the image data of the left eye are used to display the 2D image data in question, in the 2D display image selection information. And separately from said writing, the 3D image data creator or the image data provider orders the 3D image encoding medium 2001 to encode the 3D image data. The supplier or the creator of 3D image data then stores the part of 3D image control information in which the forced 2D display indicator is worth 1, in the part of image data in which they are to be stored encoded 3D image data, or stores the information part separately with respect to the image data part, thereby forming the 3D image format F1 data. The 3D image format F1 data is transmitted to the 2004 3D image decoding medium with the use of a recording medium, through a network, or with emission waves.
In the 2004 3D image decoding device, the 2002 3D image decoding means decodes the received 3D image format data F1, obtaining the 3D image data, and then decodes the forced 2D display indicator and image selection information from
2D display configured in the control part of the 3D image, respectively. If the display indicator is worth 1, the 2002 3D image decoding means activates a display mode of the target 2D image, in the display mode information, and then delivers the mode information. The display mode information is used to order the 3D image display unit (to be described later) to switch between 3D image display and 2D image display.
If the forced 2D display indicator is worth 0, as described above, the display mode information can be delivered as is, delivered by configuring the 3D image display mode in it, or delivered by configuring the same 2D image display mode or 3D image display mode, depending on other conditions.
The 3D image data decoded by means of the 3D image decoding means 2004 is displayed on the screen of the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 35. The 3D image data decoded by means of the 2004 decoding means 3D image are separated into image data of the right eye and image data of the left eye by means of separation means (not shown), and then entered into the 3D image display unit shown in Figure 35, respectively. Said image data is introduced in the 2004 3D image decoding medium, such as image data of the right eye and the left eye, according to the information of the display mode. In the case where the 3D image display mode is configured in the display mode information, the switch 2101 is set to the upper position. In the case where the 2D image display mode is configured in the display mode information, the switch 2101 is set to the lower position at that time. The image data entered in the 2D imaging medium 2105 is switched to image data of the right eye or image data of the left eye by the switch 2102, in accordance with the 2D display image selection information. The operations of the 2004 3D image decoding medium and the 2D image formation means 2105 are the same as those of the 3D image formation medium 100 and the 2D image formation means 6 shown in Figure 14 , so that in this case the description of them will be omitted.
The 3D or 2D image data formed as described above, is changed to the 2D or 3D image data by the switch 23, according to the display mode information, and then delivered to the 2106 frame memory. The display means 2107 displays the image data read from the frame memory 2106 as 3D or 2D images, according to the display mode information. At that time, the operations of the frame memory 2106 and the display means 2107 are the same as those of the frame memory 2 and the display means 3 shown in Figure 14, so that in this case the description of them.
In the previous example, the image data introduced to the 2D imaging medium 2105 is switched between image data of the right eye and image data of the left eye by the switch 2102, in accordance with the image selection information of 2D display. In the case where the use of the image data of the right eye or the image data of the left eye is configured in advance by means of the 3D image display unit, the configured image data can be entered in the medium 2105 of 2D image formation. In this case, they can also be used in the image data entered earlier in the 2D image display mode.
The supplier or the creator of 3D image data, when forcibly switching from displaying 3D image data to displaying 2D image data, can switch the display according to its expected timing by setting the forced 2D display indicator to 1 in the control information I2 of the control part of the 3D image, regardless of the state of the 3D image display unit.
As previously described, according to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the parallax of each 3D image to be displayed, in accordance with the user's eye fatigue, display a warning message on the screen
or stop the display itself, in the event that 3D images are displayed continuously or intermittently for a long time, and prevent the display of 3D images until a predetermined time has been reached, regardless of the user's operation to restart the visualization, so that the configuration of the 3D image display unit can be simplified to protect the user against eye fatigue.
It is also possible to represent the difference between a clear 3D image and a not-so-clear 3D image, using a 3D intensity value, thereby limiting the 3D image according to the 3D intensity value. In addition, when the user is continuously observing a series of 3D images, it is possible to easily limit the display of the 3D image even when the user is continuously observing 3D images with different 3D intensity values, calculating the cumulative intensity of the 3D image display and limiting the display of the 3D image based on the result of the comparison between the cumulative intensity and the predetermined threshold value, thereby, for example, changing digital broadcast channels.
Therefore, according to the present invention, 3D images can be recorded in digital VTR format
5 domestic and similarly record control information configured through the intensity of 3D, the threshold value of the cumulative intensity, the allowable time for continuous listening and observation, etc. Thus, existing 3D VTR hardware resources can be used for the 3D image display unit, so that the price of the display unit is reduced.
In addition, it is possible to easily rewrite the intensity information elements by post-recording.
10 3D and of the cumulative intensity threshold values, as well as the allowable time for continuous listening and observation.
In addition, the present invention allows image data to be easily copied.
The creator of 3D image data, the supplier or the like, when they forcefully prevent the display of 3D images, can use an indicator to modify the information of the display mode, so
15 which adjust the display mode of the 2D image to control the switching at any time, thereby protecting the user against eye fatigue, and at the same time taking into account the contents of the 3D image data.
The 3D image data creator, the provider, etc., can use the TH threshold value to switch the display mode depending on the level of the relationship with the cumulative intensity, to protect the user's eyes
20 while taking into account the contents of the 3D image data in question, thereby switching the display mode of the 3D image display unit. In particular, when the visualization of 3D images is forcibly prevented, the 3D image creator, the provider or the like can set the threshold value TH to 0 to control the switching of the display mode at any expected timing.
The 3D image creator, the provider or the like can also select a display mode in
25 each of the threshold values TH = 0 and TH> 0, to allow the user to observe image data in the display mode specified by the creator or the 3D image provider, or the like.
1. A 3D image display unit to display a 3D image configured through a series of images, which includes:
a storage medium to store in a predetermined storage area,
5 control information (I2) arranged in a control information part of a 3D image data format, said control information indicating the 3D intensity of the 3D image data also included in said image data format in 3D, provided by the provider of the 3D image;
a calculation part to calculate a cumulative intensity value that increases over time according to said 3D intensity,
a display control part to perform a predetermined display operation, when said cumulative intensity is above the first threshold value,
wherein said display operation includes forming a 2D image from said 3D image to display said 2D image instead of said 3D image, and resume over time
15 predetermined display of said 3D image instead of said 2D image, and in which
said calculation part calculates a value of the cumulative intensity that decreases with time during the 2D image display and, when said cumulative intensity is below a second threshold value, said display operation includes resuming the display of said image in 3D instead of said 2D image.
20 2. The 3D image display unit according to claim 1,
wherein said unit further includes an input part to introduce an external signal that includes a request signal to switch the display from 2D image display to 3D image display;
and said request signal is canceled between the moment at which said 2D image display begins due to said display operation, and at the time when said resume operation is performed
25 of the 3D visualization.
ES10195256T 2002-09-27 2003-09-26 3D image display device Active ES2392244T3 (en)
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ID=32046153
ES10195256T Active ES2392244T3 (en) 2002-09-27 2003-09-26 3D image display device
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EP (2) EP1551189A4 (en)
KR (1) KR100804572B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003268676A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2392244T3 (en)
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2003-09-26 KR KR1020057005297A patent/KR100804572B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003-09-26 WO PCT/JP2003/012301 patent/WO2004030376A1/en active Application Filing
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