Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US8026723?dq=5,884,271
Timestamp: 2014-09-02 17:35:57
Document Index: 246868974

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 2']

Patent US8026723 - Multi-component marine electromagnetic signal acquisition method - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsA method for determining a component of electric field response of the Earth's subsurface to a time-varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface is provided. The method includes measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the...http://www.google.com/patents/US8026723?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8026723 - Multi-component marine electromagnetic signal acquisition methodAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS8026723 B2Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 12/480,045Publication dateSep 27, 2011Filing dateJun 8, 2009Priority dateApr 30, 2007Also published asUS20090243616Publication number12480045, 480045, US 8026723 B2, US 8026723B2, US-B2-8026723, US8026723 B2, US8026723B2InventorsJoern Loehken, Kurt M. Strack, Stefan L. Helwig, Tilman HansteinOriginal AssigneeKjt Enterprises, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (58), Non-Patent Citations (31), Referenced by (2), Classifications (7), Legal Events (1) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMulti-component marine electromagnetic signal acquisition methodUS 8026723 B2Abstract A method for determining a component of electric field response of the Earth's subsurface to a time-varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface is provided. The method includes measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of a body of water. The method includes measuring magnetic field response in three directions along the nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water. The method further includes determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the measured electric field response using the electric field response and magnetic field response measurements.
1. A method for determining a component of electric field response of the Earth's subsurface to a time-varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface, comprising:
measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of a body of water;
measuring magnetic field response in three directions along the nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water; and
determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the measured electric field response using the electric field response and magnetic field response measurements.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern comprises measuring electric field response along a cable arranged in a closed loop.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern comprises measuring electric field response along a cable arranged in an open loop.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern comprises measuring electric field response along at least two laterally-opposed cables.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising measuring at least one electric field between the at least two laterally-opposed cables and using said at least one electric field measurement in the determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the measured electric field response.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the induced electromagnetic field is produced by inducing a transient magnetic field in the Earth's subsurface.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the induced electromagnetic field is produced by inducing a transient electric field in the Earth's subsurface.
8. A method for determining a component of electric field response of the Earth's subsurface to a time-varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface, comprising:
measuring electric field response along at least two laterally-opposed sensor cables on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of a body of water;
measuring at least one electric field between the at least two laterally-opposed sensor cables on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water;
measuring magnetic field response in three directions along the at least two laterally-opposed sensor cables on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water; and
determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the measured electric field response using the electric field response and magnetic field response measurements and the at least one electric field measurement.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/742,352, filed Apr. 30, 2007.
FIELD The invention relates generally to the field of marine electromagnetic geophysical surveying. More specifically, the invention relates to cables and related apparatus for acquiring, recording and transmitting electromagnetic signals produced for subsurface Earth surveying.
BACKGROUND Electromagnetic geophysical surveying includes �controlled source� and natural source electromagnetic surveying. Controlled source electromagnetic surveying includes imparting an electric field or a magnetic field into the Earth formations, those formations being below the sea floor in marine surveys, and measuring electric field amplitude and/or amplitude of magnetic fields by measuring voltage differences induced in electrodes, antennas and/or interrogating magnetometers disposed at the Earth's surface, or on or above the sea floor. The electric and/or magnetic fields are induced in response to the electric field and/or magnetic field imparted into the Earth's subsurface, and inferences about the spatial distribution of conductivity of the Earth's subsurface are made from recordings of the induced electric and/or magnetic fields.
Other publications of interest in the technical field of electromagnetic surveying include Edwards, N., 2005, Marine controlled source electromagnetics: Principles, Methodologies, Future commercial applications: Surveys in Geophysics, No. 26, 675-700; Constable, S., 2006, Marine electromagnetic methods�A new tool for offshore exploration: The Leading Edge v. 25, No. 4, p. 438-444.; Christensen, N. B. and Dodds, K., 2007, 1D inversion and resolution analysis of marine CSEM data, Geophysics 72, WA27; Chen, J., Hoversten, G. M., Vasco, D., Rubin, Y., and Hou, Z., 2007, A Bayesian model for gas saturation estimation using marine seismic AVA and CSEM data, Geophysics 72, WA85; Constable, S. and Srnka, L. J., 2007, An introduction to marine controlled-source electromagnetic methods for hydrocarbon exploration, Geophysics 72, WA3; Evans, R. L., 2007, Using CSEM techniques to map the shallow section of seafloor: From the coastline to the edges of the continental slope, Geophysics 72, WA105; Darnet, M., Choo, M. C. K., Plessix, R. D., Rosenquist, M. L., Yip-Cheong, K., Sims, E., and Voon, J. W. K., 2007, Detecting hydrocarbon reservoirs from CSEM data in complex settings: Application to deepwater Sabah, Malaysia, Geophysics 72, WA97; Gribenko, A. and Zhdanov, M., 2007, Rigorous 3D inversion of marine CSEM data based on the integral equation method, Geophysics 72, WA73; Li, Y. and Key, K. 2007, 2D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modeling: Part 1�An adaptive finite-element algorithm, Geophysics 72, WA51; Li, Y. and Constable, S., 2007, 2D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modeling: Part 2�The effect of bathymetry, Geophysics 72, WA63; Scholl, C. and Edwards, R. N., 2007, Marine downhole to seafloor dipole-dipole electromagnetic methods and the resolution of resistive targets, Geophysics 72, WA39; Tompkins, M. J. and Srnka, L. J., 2007, Marine controlled-source electromagnetic methods�Introduction, Geophysics 72, WA1; Um, E. S. and Alumbaugh, D. L., 2007, On the physics of the marine controlled-source electromagnetic method, Geophysics 72, WA13; Dell'Aversana, P., 2007, Improving interpretation of CSEM in shallow water, The Leading Edge 26, 332; Hokstad, K., and Rosten, T., 2007, On the relationships between depth migration of controlled-source electromagnetic and seismic data, The Leading Edge 26, 342; Johansen, S. E., Wicklund, T. A. and Amundssen, H. E. F., 2007, Interpretation example of marine CSEM data, The Leading Edge 26, 348; and MacGregor, L., Barker, N., Overton, A., Moody, S., and Bodecott, D., 2007, Derisking exploration prospects using integrated seismic and electromagnetic data�a Falkland Islands case study, The Leading Edge 26, 356.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,628,119 B1 issued to Eidesmo et al. discloses a method for determining the nature of a subterranean reservoir whose approximate geometry and location are known. The disclosed method includes: applying a time varying electromagnetic field to the strata containing the reservoir; detecting the electromagnetic wave field response; and analyzing the effects on the characteristics of the detected field that have been caused by the reservoir, thereby determining the content of the reservoir, based on the analysis.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,467,018 issued to Ruter et al. discloses a bedrock exploration system. The system includes transients generated as sudden changes in a transmission stream, which are transmitted into the Earth's subsurface by a transmitter. The induced electric currents thus produced are measured by several receiver units. The measured values from the receiver units are passed to a central unit. The measured values obtained from the receiver units are digitized and stored at the measurement points, and the central unit is linked with the measurement points by a telemetry link. By means of the telemetry link, data from the data stores in the receiver units can be successively passed on to the central unit.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, the invention relates to a method for determining a component of electric field response of the Earth's subsurface to a time-varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface. The method comprises measuring electric field response along a nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of a body of water. The method further includes measuring magnetic field response in three directions along the nonlinear pattern on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water. The method further includes determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the measured electric field response using the electric field response and magnetic field response measurements.
In another aspect, the invention relates to a method for determining a component of electric field response of the Earth's subsurface to a time-varying electromagnetic field induced in the Earth's subsurface. The method comprises measuring electric field response along at least two laterally-opposed sensor cables on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of a body of water. The method includes measuring at least one electric field between the at least two laterally-opposed sensor cables on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water. The method further includes measuring magnetic field response in three directions along the at least two laterally-opposed sensor cables on at least one of the Earth's surface and the bottom of the body of water. The method further includes determining an electric field response in a direction normal to the measured electric field response using the electric field response and magnetic field response and the at least one electric field measurement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a marine EM acquisition system that may include a sensor cable according to various aspects of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows one example of an acquisition module that may be included on the sensor cable shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 shows another example of an acquisition module that may be included on the sensor cable shown in FIG. 1.
FIGS. 4A-4C show different examples of deployment of the sensor cable shown in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION One example of a marine electromagnetic (EM) survey acquisition system is shown schematically in FIG. 1. The system may include a survey vessel 10 that moves along the surface of a body of water 11 such as a lake or the ocean. The survey vessel 10 includes thereon certain equipment, shown generally at 12 and referred to for convenience as a �recording system.� The recording system 12 may include (none of the following shown separately for clarity of the illustration) navigation devices, source actuation and control equipment, and devices for recording and processing measurements made by various sensors in the acquisition system. The vessel 10 may tow a seismic energy source 14 such as an air gun or an array of such air guns, a vertical electric dipole �source� antenna 19 including vertically spaced apart electrodes 16C, 16D and a horizontal electric dipole �source� antenna 17, which may include horizontally spaced apart electrodes 16A, 16B. The vertical electrodes 16C, 16D are typically energized by current flowing through one of the lines going from either electrode 16C or 16D to the survey vessel 10. The other line may be electrically inactive and only used to keep the vertical dipole antenna in is preferred shape. The electrodes on the source antennas 17,19 may be referred to as �source electrodes� for convenience. The recording system 12 may include a controllable power supply (not shown separately) to energize the source electrodes for the purpose of inducing electromagnetic fields in the subsurface below the water bottom 13.
In the present example the source electrodes 16A, 16B and 16C, 16D, respectively on each antenna 17,19, can be spaced apart about 50 meters, and can be energized by the power supply (not shown) such that about 1000 Amperes of current flows through the electrodes. This is an equivalent source moment to that generated in typical electromagnetic survey practice known in the art using a 100 meter long transmitter dipole, and using 500 Amperes current. In either case the source moment can be about 5�104 Ampere-meters. The source moment used in any particular implementation is not intended to limit the scope of this invention.
In the present example, the sensor cable 24 is shown disposed on the water bottom 13 for making measurements corresponding to Earth formations below the water bottom 13. The sensor cable 24 may include thereon a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart sensor modules 22. Examples of components in each sensor module 22 will be further explained below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Each sensor module 22 may have inserted into an upper side thereof a substantially vertically extending sensor arm 22A. Details of one example of the vertically extending sensor arm 22A will be explained below with reference to FIG. 3. Preferably the vertically extending sensor arm 22A includes therein or thereon some type of buoyancy device or structure (not shown separately) to assist in keeping the sensor arm 22A in a substantially vertical orientation with respect to gravity. Each sensor module 22 may include extending from its lower side a spike 22C as described, for example, in Scholl, C. and Edwards, N., 2007, Marine downhole to seafloor dipole-dipole electromagnetic methods and the resolution of resistive targets, Geophysics, 72, WA39, for penetrating the sediments that exist on the water bottom 13 to a selected depth therein. Disposed about the exterior of portions of the sensor cable 24 adjacent each longitudinal end of each sensor module 22 may be galvanic electrodes 23 which are used to measure voltages related to certain components of electric field response to induced electromagnetic fields in the subsurface. In the present example, laterally extending sensing arms 22B may be disposed from one or both the sides of each sensor module 22. Such sensing arms 22B will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3. The sensor cable 24 may in some implementations be disposed on the water bottom 13 in a nonlinear pattern that will be further explained with reference to FIGS. 4A-4C.
Signals generated by each of the sensing devices described above may enter a multiplexer 32. Output of the multiplexer 32 may be conducted through a preamplifier 34. The preamplifier 34 may be coupled to the input of an analog to digital converter (ADC) 36, which converts the analog voltages from the preamplifier 34 into digital words for storing and processing by a central processor 38, which may be any microprocessor based controller and associated data buffering and/or storage device known in the art. Data represented by digital words may be formatted for signal telemetry along the cable 24 to the recording node (26 in FIG. 1) for later retrieval and processing, such as by or in the recording system (12 in FIG. 1). The sensor module 22 may also include one or more high frequency magnetometers MH in signal communication with the multiplexer 32 and the components coupled to the output thereof.
∮ ∂ A ⁢ E → ⁢ ⅆ l → = - ⅆ ⅆ t ⁢ ∫ A ⁢ B → Z � ⅆ A → ( 1 ) Because of equation (1), it is possible to determine the area integral over the change of the magnetic flux through this area. Backwards, if the area integral over the change of the magnetic flux through the area is known, it will be possible to determine the electric field along any missing part of the border of the area, as long as it is only one missing part of the closed pattern and the electric field along the other part is known.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS2325199Jun 30, 1941Jul 27, 1943Shell DevMethod and apparatus for seismic explorationUS4535292Apr 5, 1982Aug 13, 1985Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.Transmitter for an electromagnetic survey system with improved power supply switching systemUS4617518 *Nov 21, 1983Oct 14, 1986Exxon Production Research Co.Method and apparatus for offshore electromagnetic sounding utilizing wavelength effects to determine optimum source and detector positionsUS5130655Mar 20, 1991Jul 14, 1992Electromagnetic Instruments, Inc.Multiple-coil magnetic field sensor with series-connected main coils and parallel-connected feedback coilsUS5467018Mar 20, 1991Nov 14, 1995Bergwerksverband GmbhMethod of processing transient electromagnetic measurements in geophysical analysisUS5563513Dec 9, 1993Oct 8, 1996Stratasearch Corp.Electromagnetic imaging device and method for delineating anomalous resistivity patterns associated with oil and gas trapsUS5770945Jun 26, 1996Jun 23, 1998The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaSeafloor magnetotelluric system and method for oil explorationUS5822273Apr 15, 1997Oct 13, 1998Institut Francais Du PetroleSeismic acquisition and transmission system with functions decentralizationUS5870690Feb 5, 1997Feb 9, 1999Western Atlas International, Inc.Joint inversion processing method for resistivity and acoustic well log dataUS5877995May 6, 1991Mar 2, 1999Exxon Production Research CompanyGeophysical prospectingUS5955884Jun 26, 1997Sep 21, 1999Western Atlas International, Inc.Method and apparatus for measuring transient electromagnetic and electrical energy components propagated in an earth formationUS6070129Jul 24, 1998May 30, 2000Institut Francais Du PetroleMethod and system for transmitting seismic data to a remote collection stationUS6188221Aug 7, 1998Feb 13, 2001Van De Kop FranzMethod and apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves and analyzing returns to locate underground fluid depositsUS6225806Oct 16, 1996May 1, 2001Court Services LimitedElectroseismic technique for measuring the properties of rocks surrounding a boreholeUS6320386May 30, 2000Nov 20, 2001Tovarischesivo S Ogranichennoi Oivetsivennostiju Nauchotekhnicheskaya Firma �Elta�-Method of prospecting for geological formations and apparatus for implementing the methodUS6339333Mar 10, 2000Jan 15, 2002Profile Technologies, Inc.Dynamic electromagnetic methods for direct prospecting for oilUS6541975Aug 23, 2001Apr 1, 2003Kjt Enterprises, Inc.Integrated borehole system for reservoir detection and monitoringUS6603313Sep 6, 2000Aug 5, 2003Exxonmobil Upstream Research CompanyRemote reservoir resistivity mappingUS6628119Aug 26, 1999Sep 30, 2003Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S.Method and apparatus for determining the content of subterranean reservoirsUS6664788Apr 22, 2002Dec 16, 2003Exxonmobil Upstream Research CompanyNonlinear electroseismic explorationUS6696839Aug 7, 2002Feb 24, 2004Statoil AsaElectromagnetic methods and apparatus for determining the content of subterranean reservoirsUS6717411Aug 7, 2002Apr 6, 2004Statoil AsaElectromagnetic method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs using refracted electromagnetic wavesUS6739165Feb 5, 2003May 25, 2004Kjt Enterprises, Inc.Combined surface and wellbore electromagnetic measurement system and method for determining formation fluid propertiesUS6842006Jun 27, 2002Jan 11, 2005Schlumberger Technology CorporationMarine electromagnetic measurement systemUS6859038Apr 16, 2002Feb 22, 2005Statoil AsaMethod and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs using refracted electromagnetic wavesUS6864684Feb 2, 2004Mar 8, 2005Statoil AsaElectromagnetic methods and apparatus for determining the content of subterranean reservoirsUS6914433Sep 9, 2002Jul 5, 2005The University Court Of The University Of EdinburghDetection of subsurface resistivity contrasts with application to location of fluidsUS6950747Jan 30, 2003Sep 27, 2005Kent ByerlyMethods of processing magnetotelluric signalsUS7023213Dec 10, 2002Apr 4, 2006Schlumberger Technology CorporationSubsurface conductivity imaging systems and methodsUS7038456Aug 2, 2001May 2, 2006Electromagnetic Geoservices AsMethod and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirsUS7042801Jun 9, 2004May 9, 2006Seismoelectric Soundings, Inc.System for geophysical prospecting using induce electrokinetic effectUS7061829Oct 19, 2005Jun 13, 2006Pgs Americas, Inc.Water bottom cable seismic survey cable and systemUS7109717Dec 10, 2003Sep 19, 2006The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaSystem and method for hydrocarbon reservoir monitoring using controlled-source electromagnetic fieldsUS7113448Oct 19, 2005Sep 26, 2006Pgs Americas, Inc.Water bottom cable seismic survey cable and systemUS7113868Aug 11, 2004Sep 26, 2006Bell Geospace, Inc.Method and system for processing geophysical survey dataUS7126338Nov 28, 2002Oct 24, 2006Statoil AsaElectromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirsUS7141968Oct 7, 2004Nov 28, 2006Quasar Federal Systems, Inc.Integrated sensor system for measuring electric and/or magnetic field vector componentsUS7141987Oct 7, 2004Nov 28, 2006Quantum Applied Science And Research, Inc.Sensor system for measurement of one or more vector components of an electric fieldUS7145341Aug 17, 2004Dec 5, 2006Electromagnetic Geoservices AsMethod and apparatus for recovering hydrocarbons from subterranean reservoirsUS7191063Feb 15, 2005Mar 13, 2007Ohm LimitedElectromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirsUS7202669Dec 12, 2005Apr 10, 2007Electromagnetic Geoservices AsMethod and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirsUS7203599Jan 30, 2006Apr 10, 2007Kjt Enterprises, Inc.Method for acquiring transient electromagnetic survey dataUS7471089Apr 24, 2006Dec 30, 2008Schlumberger Technology CorporationElectrode array for marine electric and magnetic field measurements having first and second sets of electrodes connected to respective first and second cablesUS7557580May 27, 2008Jul 7, 2009Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Electromagnetic wave resistivity tool having a tilted antenna for geosteering within a desired payzoneUS20040232917Sep 9, 2002Nov 25, 2004Wright David ADetection of subsurface resistivity contrasts with application to location of fluidsUS20060091889Dec 12, 2005May 4, 2006Electromagnetic Geoservices AsMethod and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirsUS20060129322May 30, 2003Jun 15, 2006Macgregor Lucy MElectromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirsUS20060132137Nov 23, 2003Jun 22, 2006Macgregor Lucy MElectromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirsUS20060197532Mar 17, 2004Sep 7, 2006Terje EidesmoMethod and apparatus for determining the nature of submarine reservoirsUS20070021916Apr 30, 2004Jan 25, 2007Ohm LimitedElectromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirsUS20070075708Oct 4, 2005Apr 5, 2007Schlumberger Technology CorporationElectromagnetic survey system with multiple sourcesUS20070229083Sep 13, 2006Oct 4, 2007Stig Rune Lennart TenghamnLow noise, towed electromagnetic system for subsurface explorationUS20080169817 *Nov 1, 2006Jul 17, 2008Schlumberger Technology CorporationDetermining an Electric Field Based on Measurement from a Magnetic Field Sensor for Surveying a Subterranean StructureUS20080238429Mar 30, 2007Oct 2, 2008Schlumberger Technology CorporationReceivers and Methods for Electromagnetic MeasurementsUSH1490Nov 15, 1993Sep 5, 1995Exxon Production Research CompanyMarine geophysical prospecting systemCA2531801A1Jun 18, 2004Jan 20, 2005Norsk Hydro AsaGeophysical data acquisition systemWO2001057555A1Feb 1, 2001Aug 9, 2001Norske Stats OljeselskapMethod and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirsWO2003048812A1Nov 28, 2002Jun 12, 2003Lucy M MacgregorElectromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirs* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1Chave, A.D., Constable, S.C. and Edwards, R.N., 1991, Electrical exploration methods for the seafloor: Investigation in geophysics No. 3, Electromagnetic methods in applied geophysics, vol. 2, application, part B, 931-966.2Cheesman, S.J., Edwards, R.N., and Chave, A.D., 1987, On the theory of sea-floor conductivity mapping using transient electromagnetic systems: Geophysics, 52, No. 2, 204 217.3Chen, J., Hoversten, G. M., Vasco, D., Rubin, Y., and Hou, Z., 2007, A Bayesian model for gas saturation estimation using marine seismic AVA and CSEM data, Geophysics 72, WA85.4Christensen, N. B. and Dodds, K., 2007, 1D inversion and resolution analysis of marine CSEM data, Geophysics 72, WA27.5Constable, S. and Srnka, L. J., 2007, An introduction to marine controlled-source electromagnetic methods for hydrocarbon exploration, Geophysics 72, WA3.6Constable, S., 2006, Marine electromagnetic methods-A new tool for offshore exploration: The Leading Edge v. 25, No. 4, p. 438-444.7Constable, S., 2006, Marine electromagnetic methods�A new tool for offshore exploration: The Leading Edge v. 25, No. 4, p. 438-444.8Darnet, M., Choo, M. C. K., Plessix, R. D., Rosenquist, M. L., Yip-Cheong, K., Sims, E., and Voon, J. W. K., 2007, Detecting hydrocarbon reservoirs from CSEM data in complex settings: Application to deepwater Sabah, Malaysia, Geophysics 72, WA97.9Dell'Aversana, P, 2007, Improving interpretation of CSEM in shallow water, The Leading Edge 26, 332; Hokstad, K., and Rosten, T., 2007, On the relationships between depth migration of controlled-source electromagnetic and seismic data, The Leading Edge 26, 342.10Edwards, N., 2005, Marine controlled source electromagnetics: Principles, Methodologies, Future commercial applications: Surveys in Geophysics, No. 26, 675-700.11Edwards, R.N., 1997, On the resource evaluation of marine gas hydrate deposits using the sea-floor transient electric dipole-dipole method: Geophysics, 62, No. 1, 63-74.12Edwards, R.N., Law, L.K., Wolfgram, P.A., Nobes, D.C., Bone, M.N., Trigg, D.F., and DeLaurier, J.M., 1985, First results of the MOSES experiment: Sea sediment conductivity and thickness determination, Bute Inlet, British Columbia, by magnetometric offshore electrical sounding: Geophysics 50, No. 1, 153-160.13Evans, R. L, 2007, Using CSEM techniques to map the shallow section of seafloor: From the coastline to the edges of the continental slope, Geophysics 72, WA105.14Gribenko, A. and Zhdanov, M., 2007, Rigorous 3D inversion of marine CSEM data based on the integral equation method, Geophysics 72, WA73.15Johansen, S. E., Wicklund, T. A. and Amundssen, H. E. F., 2007, Interpretation example of marine CSEM data, The Leading Edge 26, 348.16Li, Li Y. and Key, K. 2007, 2D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modeling: Part 1-An adaptive finite-element algorithm, Geophysics 72, WA51.17Li, Li Y. and Key, K. 2007, 2D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modeling: Part 1�An adaptive finite-element algorithm, Geophysics 72, WA51.18Li, Y. and Constable, S., 2007, 2D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modeling: Part 2-The effect of bathymetry, Geophysics 72, WA63.19Li, Y. and Constable, S., 2007, 2D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modeling: Part 2�The effect of bathymetry, Geophysics 72, WA63.20MacGregor, L., Barker, N., Overton, A., Moody, S., and Bodecott, D., 2007, Derisking exploration prospects using integrated seismic and electromagnetic data-a Falkland Islands case study, The Leading Edge 26, 356.21MacGregor, L., Barker, N., Overton, A., Moody, S., and Bodecott, D., 2007, Derisking exploration prospects using integrated seismic and electromagnetic data�a Falkland Islands case study, The Leading Edge 26, 356.22Office action, U.S. Appl. No. 11/742,359, Mar. 19, 2010.23Scholl, C. and Edwards, R. N., 2007, Marine downhole to seafloor dipole-dipole electromagnetic methods and the resolution of resistive targets, Geophysics 72, WA39.24Sinha, M.C. Patel, P.D., Unsworth, M.J., Owen, T.R.E., and MacCormack, M.G.R., 1990, An active source electromagnetic sounding system for marine use, Marine Geophysical Research, 12, 29-68.25Sternberg, B. K., Washburne, J. C. and Pellerin, L., 1988, Correction for the static shift in magnetotellurics using transient electromagnetic soundings, Geophysics, vol. 53, Issue 11, pp. 1459-1468.26Strack, K.-M., 1992, Exploration with deep transient electromagnetics, Elsevier, 373 pp. (reprinted 1999).27Tompkins, M. J. and Srnka, L. J., 2007, Marine controlled-source electromagnetic methods-Introduction, Geophysics 72, WA1.28Tompkins, M. J. and Srnka, L. J., 2007, Marine controlled-source electromagnetic methods�Introduction, Geophysics 72, WA1.29Torres-Verdin, C, May 1985, Implications of the Born approximation for the magnetotelluric problem in three-dimensional environments, MS Thesis, The University of Texas at Austin.30Torres-Verdin, C. and Bostick Jr, F.X., 1992, Principles of spatial surface electric field filtering in magnetotellurics: Electromagnetic array profiling (EMAP), Geophysics, vol. 57, Issue 4, pp. 603-622.31Um, E. S. and Alumbaugh, D. L., 2007, On the physics of the marine controlled-source electromagnetic method, Geophysics 72, WA13.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS20130229184 *Mar 1, 2012Sep 5, 2013Pgs Geophysical AsStationary Source for Marine Electromagnetic SurveyingWO2013106158A2Dec 13, 2012Jul 18, 2013Kjt Enterprises, Inc.Geophysical data acquisition system* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification324/350, 324/365International ClassificationG01V3/02Cooperative ClassificationG01V3/083, G01V3/12European ClassificationG01V3/12, G01V3/08FLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionAug 28, 2009ASAssignmentOwner name: KJT ENTERPRISES, INC., TEXASFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LOEHKEN, JOERN;STRACK, KURT M;HELWIG, STEFAN L;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:023160/0817;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090826 TO 20090827Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LOEHKEN, JOERN;STRACK, KURT M;HELWIG, STEFAN L;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090826 TO 20090827;REEL/FRAME:023160/0817RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google