Source: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/dental-cements-premarket-notification-guidance-industry-and-fda-staff
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Document Index: 482386502

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Dental Cements - Premarket Notification - Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff | FDA
Dental Cements - Premarket Notification - Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff
Dental Cements - Premarket Notification - Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff August 1998
Comments and suggestions may be submitted at any time for Agency consideration to Dr. Susan Runner, FDA/CDRH. Comments may not be acted upon by the Agency until the document is next revised or updated. For questions regarding the use or interpretation of this guidance contact Dr. Susan Runner at (301) 796-6282.
Additional copies are available, from the Internet. You may also send an e-mail request to CDRH-Guidance@fda.hhs.gov to receive a copy of the guidance. Please use the document number 2204 to identify the guidance you are requesting.
3.0 DEVICE DEFINITION
Guidance for the Preparation of Premarket Notifications for Dental Cements
The purpose of this document is to provide guidance to the manufacturers of dental cements on the information desired for a more thorough and consistent preparation of a Premarket Notification submission (510(k)).
The development of this document is based on information recommended for a complete and adequate review by the Dental Devices Branch. The use of this document for the preparation of a 510(k) for dental cements does not ensure FDA clearance of a device, and certain 510(k) submissions may require additional information not contained in this document. However, use of this document will ensure that the basic elements are present to conduct an evaluation of substantial equivalence.
Medical device manufacturers may elect to rely upon recognized consensus standards during the development and testing phase of their devices. We recognize that consensus standards, such as ISO standards, undergo periodic review and are subject to revision. FDA has published a document entitled "Guidance on the Recognition and Use of Consensus Standards" which provides guidance to industry and FDA reviewers on the use of recognized consensus standards, including declaration of conformity to the standards, during the evaluation of premarket submissions (Federal Register/Volume 63, No. 37/Wednesday, February 25, 1998). This document and related lists of recognized standards are on the Internet at FDA's web site: http://www.fda.gov/cdrh.
Indications for Use Form. On January 1, 1996, FDA began requiring that all 510(k) submitters provide on a separate page and clearly marked "Indications for Use" the indications(s) for use of their device.
On March 19, 1998, new procedures for the submission of 510(k)'s became effective. These procedures are collectively called the "New 510(k) Paradigm." More information on the New 510(k) Paradigm is available on the Internet.
Dental cements are class I devices if composed of zinc oxide-eugenol intended to serve as a temporary tooth filling or as a base cement to affix a temporary tooth filling, to affix dental devices such as crowns or bridges, or to be applied to a tooth to protect the tooth pulp. However, a dental cement is a class II device if it is composed of various materials other than zinc oxide-eugenol intended to serve as a temporary tooth filling or as a base cement to affix a temporary tooth filling, to affix dental devices such as crowns or bridges, or to be applied to a tooth to protect the tooth pulp. See 21 CFR Part 872.3275. (FDA Product Code "EMA")
The typical dental cements include zinc oxide-eugenol (class I); and zinc phosphate, zinc silico-phosphate, zinc-polyacrylate, zinc-polycarboxylate, glass ionomer, resin-based, silicate-based cements, etc.(class II).
State the classification name and the trade name of the dental cement material.
Submit a detailed description of your product and its indication for use. Specify whether the material is intended for temporary or permanent cementation, temporary restoration, or as a base or cavity liner.
Provide a descriptive or table comparison of the similarities and differences to a legally marketed predicate dental cement in terms of intended use, chemical composition, physical characteristics and mechanical properties, safety and effectiveness.
Provide the complete dental cement formulation, identifying the individual chemical components by percentage, to a sum of 100%.
Note the function of each chemical constituent.
Do not omit any chemical component nor submit generalizations under vague descriptions such as "acrylate polymer."
Provide the specific chemical name, and not proprietary or trade name, or abbreviated chemical name.
Disclose any pigments or other colorants used in the formulation.
Dental cements should be compared to the predicate material in terms of:
Chemistry of the setting reaction
Consistency in proportion of powder to liquid ratio in mixing cements
Maximum solubility and disintegration
Bonding strength for their intended use (MPa)
Amount of heat generated during setting
Safety (should not be toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, irritating, or sensitizing)
If the physical properties of the dental cement conform to a consensus standard for performance testing, the specific standard should be referenced as follows:
ADA/ANSI Specification No. or ISO
Dental Glass Ionomer Cements #66
Dental Glass Polyalkenoate Cements ISO 7489
Dental Zinc Oxide/Eugenol Cements ISO 3107
Dental Zinc Oxide Non-eugenol Cements ISO 3107
If a dental cement contains a fluoride releasing agent, then a fluoride release rate profile should be provided. The profile testing should be performed at 37 ºC in distilled water. The test duration may range from one to four weeks. Fluoride release rates typically fall exponentially after a few days and so seven days may be sufficient to define the release profile. Claims of cavity prevention or other therapeutic benefits are permitted if supported by clinical data developed by an IDE investigation.
A summary should be provided of the methodology and results of all bench testing that has been conducted. The quantitative results for your materials testing should be compared to those of predicate dental cement materials.
Biological evaluation of medical devices is performed to determine the potential toxicity resulting from contact of the component materials of the device with the body. The device materials should not, either directly or through the release of their material constituents: (1)Produce significant adverse local or systemic effects; (2)be carcinogenic; or (3)produce adverse reproductive and developmental effects. Therefore, evaluation of any new device intended for human use requires data from systematic testing to ensure that the benefits provided by the final product will exceed any potential risks produced by dental cement materials.
The ISO standard, ISO-10993, Part 1, uses an approach to test selection that is very similar to the Tripartite Guidance used in the past by FDA. It also uses a tabular format (matrix) for laying out the test requirements based on the various factors discussed above. The matrix consists of two tables, Initial Evaluation Tests for Consideration" and "Supplementary Evaluation Tests for Consideration." To harmonize biological response testing with the requirements of other countries, FDA has recognized the ISO standard. Reviewers in the Office of Device Evaluation will accept data developed according to ISO-10993, Part 1, with the matrix as modified and presented in Blue Book Memorandum #G95-1 entitled "Use of International Standard ISO-10993, "Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices Part-1: Evaluation and Testing."
Biocompatibility testing is indicated when the product contains a "new" or nonconventional chemical component is added for which the safety or effectiveness of the resulting formulation is in question. A material may be considered "new" based upon several factors, such as methods of manufacture, sterilization, duration of body exposure, etc. The biocompatibility testing should be performed on the finished product, i.e., in a form as close as possible to what the patient will be exposed to.
This is a list of the minimum testing which should be addressed in a regulatory submission.
- In Vitro Cytotoxicity
- Ames Test for Mutagenicity
- Mucus Membrane Irritation (hamster's pouch)
- Sensitization Test in Guinea Pigs
- Carcinogenicity (if tumorigenic potential previously documented)
For details on how to conduct these tests, refer to an appropriate international standard such as: American National Standard/American Dental Association Document No 41 for Recommended Standard Practices for Biological Evaluation of Dental Materials,1982; or ISO/TR: 1984(E), Biological Evaluation of Dental Materials, 1984.
It is important to the consumer that the labeling for dental cements bear clear, accurate, and complete information for use concerning any relevant components, indications, method of preparation, hazards, contraindications, and precautions in their use.
As described in 21 CFR Part 801.109, labels should bear the statement "Caution: Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a dentist." Also, instructions for use of the product should bear the date of the issuance or the date of the latest revision.
Include in the 510(k) submission the proposed package labels and labeling, including available promotion and advertising information. Labeling refers to the package label plus other written, printed, or graphic material that accompanies the device or that is placed on either the device or any of its wrappers or containers. Advertising may be considered labeling, especially if it accompanies the product. See sections 201(k) and (m) and 502(f)(1) and (2) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
If you wish specific advice on the applicability to your device of the FDA labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4618. Also, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your dental cement, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Additionally, note the regulation titled "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97).
General information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet web site.
All written comments should be identified with this document's docket number: 2204.