Source: http://hobbyspace.com/Active/active3.html
Timestamp: 2017-03-29 21:00:58
Document Index: 761254114

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 3']

Activism Sections Part 1:
Part 2: World
Hyper-Locals Part 3:
Active Space - Part 3 Make it so...
More Space Advocacy Resources This section provides information and links about other space advocacy related topics such as space politics, legislation, space benefits, advocacy discussion groups, space activist conferences, etc. Space Politics Space Legislation
Selection of Space Legislation Enacted: NASA Charter: The National Aeronautics and Space Act Pub. L. No. 85-568 72 Stat. 426 (Jul. 29, 1958)
Original Version - National Archives ATLAS | P.L. 85-568: National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, As Amended
U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act - H.R. 2262 - 114th Congress (2015-2016) | Congress.gov | Library of Congress Included a number of items of importance to commercial space including: Specifying that materials mined in space by private companies could be owned and sold.
Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act of 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act of 2004 (pdf) Commercial Space Transportation Act of 2004 (HR-5382) "To promote the development of the commercial space transportation industry, to authorize appropriations for the Office of the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation, and for other purposes. "
Includes also the instructions : " Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall submit to Congress a report on the need for a distinct regulatory regime for suborbital vehicles taking into account the unique characteristics and purposes of these vehicles." Complete Law (pdf) Exploring the Commercial Space Launch Act – University of Richmond Law Review - analysis of CSLAA 2004
Alternate Access to Station 2001: NASA Alternate Access to Station Service Concept - NASA ADS - 2002
Alternate Access To Station (AAS) Performance Requirements Document International Space Station - 2004 - SpaceRef Former Space Station Program Director Becomes CSI "Alternate Access to Station" Program Manager - 2002 - SpaceRef Commercial Space Act of 1998 (HR 1274) set various goals and guidelines for space commercialization of the ISS, space launches, and other space activities. This modified: Title 49: Transportation: Subtitle 9 : CHAPTER 701 - Commercial Space Launch Activities
Comments by the late Rep. George Brown in 1997. Charles `Pete' Conrad Astronomy Awards Act of 2002 - establishes "an awards program in honor of Charles "Pete" Conrad, astronaut and space scientist, for recognizing the discoveries made by amateur astronomers of asteroids with near-Earth orbit trajectories." For 2003
House Passes Amateur Astronomy Bill Honoring Astronaut Pete Conrad - SpaceRef - Oct.2.02 Space Transportation Services Purchase Act of 1989 - 101st Congress (1989 - 1990) - H.R.2674 - THOMAS (Library of Congress) - also called Launch Services Purchase Act Launch Services Purchase Act of 1990 - David Anderman at NASASpaceflight Forum Feb.13.10 Modified NASA charter to include instructions for the agency to use commercial launch services when available.
An refinement of the LSPA was proposed subsequently. Much of this eventually was enacted in the commercial space Act of 1998 discussed above. Omnibus Space Commercialization Act of 1993 - 1993 Necessity and Incentives: Opening the Space Frontier - Testimony before the House Subcommittee on Space by James Bowery, Chairman Coalition for Science and Commerce - July 31, 1991 (Wayback Machine)
Commercial Space Launch Act - 1984 - Established the Office of Commercial Transportation in the Dept. of Transportation. In the 1990s it was moved to the FAA. Public Law 98-575 - Oct.30.1984 (pdf)
Outer Space Treaty was signed by the US in January 1967 40 Year Old Magna Carta of Space Law - Space Law Probe - Jan.30.07 Outer Space Treaty - US Dept. of State
The Outer Space Treaty The Outer Space Treaty: Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Defeated: Moon Treaty 1979 - fearing that it would restrict private ventures in space, activist groups, especially the L5 Society, helped to prevent the US from approving this treaty. It has yet to receive a sufficient number of signatures from other countries to go into affect under international law. Moon Treaty - Wikipedia
A Bad Precedent? - Transterrestrial Musings - Apr.14.04 Selection of space advocate promoted legislation: American Space Renaissance Act – To permanently secure the United States as the preeminent spacefaring nation - 2016 -Proposed by Rep. James Bridenstine (R-OK). An overview of the American Space Renaissance Act (part 1) - Michael Listner/The Space Review - Apr.25.2016 An overview of the American Space Renaissance Act (part 2) - Michael Listner/The Space Review - May.2.2016 An overview of the American Space Renaissance Act (part 3) - Michael Listner/The Space Review - May.9.2016
Commercial Space Act of 2003: (HR-3245) Search RLV News for several articles about this bill - Oct.03. H. R. 3057 "Space Exploration Act of 2003", Rep. Lampson - Spaceref - Sept.12.03 (also introduced in 2002 - Space Exploration Act of 2002 at Spaceref) - "To restore a vision for the United States human space flight program by instituting a series of incremental goals that will facilitate the scientific exploration of the solar system and aid in the search for life elsewhere in the universe, and for other purposes." proposed by Congressman Nick Lampson (D-TX) Transterrestrial Musings - Clear Lake Full Employment Bill by Rand Simberg - May.16.02 - item by item review
Space Tourism Promotion Act 2001 - H.R. 2443 - seeks to stimulate the development of space tourism by means of guaranteed loans, tax credits, establishment of a "straightforward and predictable regulatory structure". However, US govenment space vehicles and the US modules of the Space Station could not be used by anyone except officially permitted visitors. Sponsored by Rep. Nick Lampson (D-TX) The Space Tourism Act: Boon for Space Business, or Naked Political Pandering?by Thomas Andrew Olson - SpaceEquity.com Zero Gravity, Zero Tax Bill 2003- H.R. 914 - space-related income excluded from gross income for calculating income taxes for 10 years, except for income from space-based telecommunications, remote-sensing , and space launch companies currently in business. Also, it provides $100 million in tax credits for investments in new space enterprises. No capital gains tax on the sale of the stock for a period of 10 years. Sponsored by Rep. Dana Rohrabacher (R-Ca).
Invest in Space Now Act 2003 - H.R. 2177 - provide tax credits to investments in qualified new space launch vehicles. The sliding scale would drop from 50% of the value of the stock in 2002 to zero after 2010. Sponsored by Rep. Ken Calvert (R-Calif.) and Rep. Solomon Ortiz (TX). Calvert and Ortiz Introduce "Invest in Space Now" Act - SpaceRef - June.5.03
Seven Questions for Congressman Calvert - Spaceequity.com - Winter 2002 Space Launch Bill Would Cost Treasury $4.4 Billion, Sponsor Says - Spacelift Washington - July.31.01 Reps. Calvert and Ortiz Introduce "Invest in Space Now" Act (H.R. 2177) - Offers Tax Credit to Investors in Commercial Space Launch Vehicle Companies - Spaceref/ProSpace PR - June.15.01 Spaceport Equality Act 2003 - H.R.644 - commercial spaceports could be financed with bonds exempt from federal tax on their interest payments (i.e. like tax-free municipal bonds). Spaceports would thus recieve equal treatment as given to airports. Sponsored by Rep. Dave Weldon (R-Fla.). GAO Protests: B-402186, Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, February 1, 2010 - SpaceX protested NASA selection of a Minotaur V, derived from ICBM solid rocket motors, for the launch of the LADEE science satellite. SpaceX argued that it violted the restrictions in the Commercial Space Act of 1998 on the use of ICBMs in the commercial market. GAO ruled in favor of NASA due to the lack of flight data at the time for the Falcons.
Spacelawstation.com: The planet's space law portal Spacetoday.net news - policy-legislation National Aeronatics and Space Act - NASA Charter
Spaceport States Want Federal Matching Grants - Aviation Week - July.31.01 Legal Aspects of the Commercialization of Space Transportation Systems, Bonnie E. Fough - Berkeley Law
US National Space Policy - resources at Global Security U.S. National Space Policy - Aug.31, 2006 (pdf) New Bush Space Policy Unveiled, Stresses U.S. Freedom of Action - SPACE.com - Oct.7.06
Space Political Resources www.vote-smart.org - find contact information on your Senators and Representatives.
U.S. House of Representatives The Senate Links to Senators' websites
Space Politics web log by Jeff Foust. See also his weekly Space Review journal.
The Launch Services Purchase Act, 10 Years On: A personal view of the campaign to enact the LSPA by David Anderman Tips on Writing or E-Mailing a Member of Congress - The Arc FedSpending.org Astropolitics: The International Journal of Space Politics & Policy - academic journal of "space power and policy"
NASA Exploration Systems Announcements
NASA Innovative Partnerships Program (IPP) Vision for Space Exploration - Wikipedia
President's Commission on Moon, Mars and Beyond (archive site) Executive Summary of final report - Spaceref.
James Burk at Project Constellation is rounding up most of the articles, commentaries, and background info on the Aldridge Committee report Thomas James is providing condensed versions of the findings and recommendations.
President's Commission on Moon, Mars and Beyond - original link now goes to a NASA page FAQ: Bush's New Space Vision - Space.com - Jan.15.04 The Coalition for Space Exploration - "an ad hoc group of space industry companies and advocacy groups, fully supports the Space Exploration Program."
Background & politics of the creation of the new policy by Frank Sietzen & Keith Cowing: Beyond the Moon: Inside Bush's space plan (Part 1) - InterestAlert/UPI - Jan.14.04 Beyond the Moon: Inside Bush's space plan (part 2) - SpaceRef - Jan.16.04 Beyond the Moon: Inside Bush's space plan (Part 3 ) - SpaceRef - Jan.17.04
New Moon Rising - by by Frank Sietzen & Keith Cowing: Review: New Moon Rising - The Space Review - Aug.2.04
Book details space plan's birth - UPI - July.14.04 SpaceShow interview
White House web site: Executive Order President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy - White House - Jan.30.04
President Bush Announces New Vision for Space Exploration Program - Transcript - Jan.14.04 Fact Sheet The Vision for Space Exploration - White House - Feb.04 (pdf)
Long term plans: NASA Planning Steps To Moon, Mars by Frank Sietzen - UPI/SpaceDaily - Mar.1.04 Costs - much of the commentary on the costs of this very long term program range from complete nonsense to outright fabrications. Here are some articles that provide clarity and honesty to the issue: New Moon Shot Not So Costly - SpaceDaily/UPI - June.3.04 Bringing space costs back down to Earth: A trillion dollars? NASA initiative won't cost near that much - MSNBC - Jan.23.04 Prices, paradigms & private space development - Space Log - Jan.23.04
Previous plans Nat'l Academies Press: Human Exploration of Space: A Review of NASA's 90-Day Study and Alternatives
Aiming for Mars, grounded on Earth: part one - The Space Review - Feb.16.04 - Dwayne Day recounts the history of the Space Exploration Initiative (SEI) in 1989 (and other initiatives) and how its $400B estimated cost was misleading and wildly exaggerated. Aiming for Mars, grounded on Earth: part two - The Space Review - Feb.23.04
Other articles Acceptance Slow for Bush's Space Plan - washingtonpost.com - Feb.2.08
NASA Uses Budgetary Authority To Shift Funds Toward Exploration Vision - Space News/Space.com - Jan.10.05 Space Watch: Bush 43 vs. Bush 41 in space - UPI - Jan.6.05
The Right Plan by Adam Keiper - The New Atlantis - Winter 2004 - also includes essays by Robert Park & Robert Zubrin The New NASA Moon Hoax - Transterrestrial Musings - Feb.11.04 National Academies Press: Issues and Opportunities Regarding the U.S. Space Program: A Summary Report of a Workshop on National Space Policy (pdf). Assessment of NASA's Draft 2003 Space Science Enterprise Strategy, a letter report, May 29, 2003 (pdf). New Frontiers in the Solar System: An Integrated Exploration Strategy (pdf) Assessment of Mission Size Trade-offs for NASA's Earth and Space Science Missions Microgravity Research in Support of Technologies for the Human Exploration and Development of Space and Planetary Bodies
A Scientific Rationale for Mobility in Planetary Environments Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities. Hubble Space Telescope Rescue After the Columbia accident, NASA administrator Sean O'Keefe decided to cancel the final mission to repair and upgrade the Hubble Telescope. This set off a firestorm of protest from many space enthusiasts and organizations. Below are links to These efforts to convince NASA to reconsider its plans were successful. Mike Griffin, O'Keefe's replacement as NASA chief, reversed the decision un October 2006. The successful Shuttle mission to the Hubble took place in June of 2009.
Save the Hubble - an online petition website was set up at www.savethehubble.org, no longer active Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4 Cancelled - letter from Steven Beckwith, Director, Space Telescope Science Institute - Jan.04
NASA: Hubble Space Telescope - NASA NASA Approves Mission and Names Crew for Return to Hubble - NASA Shuttle Astronauts to Upgrade Hubble Again - NASA
Orbital Recovery: Rebuttal to Comments by the Houston Chronicle and Robert Zubrin Regarding NASA's Hubble Repair Options - SpaceRef - Apr.29.04
Articles: 'Go' for Hubble servicing mission - Spaceflight Now - Bill Harwood Hubble Saved: NASA Approves Shuttle Flight to Service Space Telescope - Space.com
SAVE HUBBLE! Space Leaders Call for Hubble Rescue - Space Frontier Foundation - Mar.29.05 A new huddle over Hubble - MSNBC - Mar.29.05
Hubble Trouble: Saving Telescope May Require Non-Governmental Solutions - Space.com - Jan.28.05 Report: NASA to cancel robotic Hubble servicing mission - spacetoday.net - Jan.21.05
NASA to pursue robotic servicing of Hubble - spacetoday.net - June.2.04 NASA Releases RFP On Robotic Hubble Servicing Options - Aviation Week - June.2.04 Robot to Hubble's Rescue? - NPR - May.10.04 O'Keefe Says Robotic Options for Hubble More Promising than Thought - Space News - Apr.26.04
NASA Agrees to New Study on Mission to Telescope - NY Times - Mar.11.04 'Back Room' Decision to Cancel Hubble Servicing Criticized -Space.com - Mar.10.04
How to Help Hubble - Sky and Telescope - Jan.24.04 U.S. Senator Rushes To Hubble's Defense - Space.com - Jan.22.04
US Legislation & Federal Code Thomas Archives - find the status of a paricular bill U.S. Code Search
Federal Statutes - Law Library of Congress Guide to Law Online: United States Law - U.S. Code, Statutes at Large, and Public Laws
More information at Why Space Settlement - Space Frontiert Society
Moon Society and Artemis Society Endorse Space Settlement Initiative - SpaceDaily - Apr.30.03 The Space Settlement Summit - Spacefaring Web/SpaceDaily - Mar.20.03 Space Settlement Manifesto - Space Log - Mar.19.03 Activist Documents Space policy reports: George Abbey, Neal Lane : Maximizing NASA's Potential in Flight and on the Ground: Recommendations for the Next Administration by George W.S. Abbey, Neal Lane, John Muratore, Baker Institute - Jan.20.09
Buzz Aldrin, Feng Hsu (GSFC), and Ken Cox (ATWG) : New Space Policy Statement by Buzz Aldrin - National Space Society Blog - Feb.22.09. Citizens Space Agenda (pdf) - ProSpace "blueprint for opening the space frontier to the possibilities that await us there."
Space Settlement Initiative - Alan Wasser Space Licenses
Who licenses what with regard to rocket launches, space probe missions, etc. is a complex issue. The Outer Space Treaty specifies, for example, that the home country is responsible for any damage, e.g. a booster falling on a house, caused by a launch to space by any organization of that country. So even when, for example, Boeing uses its Sea Launch platform in the Pacific it must get a US license. If a US spacecraft might take a picture of earth, even incidentally, it must get a license from NOAA.
US State Department - Policy -Office of Defense Trade Controls - any American rocketry and spacecraft technology must get approval to go outside the US. This holds even if, for example, a satellite is only to get a ride on a foreign rocket. FAA - Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation - regulates rocket launches, RLVs, etc. ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) : Wikipedia Introduction to U.S. Export Controls for the Commercial Space Industry - AST/FAA (pdf) ITAR and the U.S. Space Industry - SpaceFoundation (pdf) - Oct.08 Articles: Landmark Decision Clears Way for First Commercial Lunar Flight - TransOrbital - Aug.28.02 - TransOrbital needed State Department approval to launch its lunar orbiter on a Russian rocket and approval from NOAA for its camera.
Americans Confident Humans Will Walk on Mars Within Two Decades - ExploreMars - Feb.11.13 Mars Generation National Opinion Poll - Measuring U.S. Citizen Support for the Exploration of Mars - March.7.2013 (pdf) - report on survey conducted for the Explore Mars group.
Polls suggest support for space exploration but not bigger budgets - Space Politics - July.24.11 50% Say Space Shuttle Program Worth What It Cost Taxpayers - Rasmussen Reports - July.13.11
52% Say Space Shuttle Program Has Been Worth The Cost - Rasmussen Reports™ - Oct.5.10 Let the other guy pay - Space Politics - Oct.7.10
Weekly Poll- Space Questions - Daily Kos - May.24.10 New poll on space spending - Space Politics - June.1.10 Everett Group "Space Poll" Results, 4/16/10 Americans Back Space Exploration, Know Little About Proposed Policy Changes, Everett Group "Space Poll" Finds - Everett Group/PRNewsWire Apr.17.10
Majority of Americans Say Space Program Costs Justified - Gallop - July.17.09 The Coalition for Space Exploration sponsored a poll: Survey: Space exploration still important - Houston Business Journal - Feb.24.09 Do You Agree with 88% of your fellow Americans? - SpaceCoalition.com - Feb.24.09
Another reminder of the importance (or lack thereof) of space - Space Politics - Apr.18.08 Dittmar Associates Finds Young Adults "Largely Disinterested" in the U.S. Vision for Space Exploration - Dittmar Associates - Sept.25.06
New Gallup Poll Reveals Americans Continue to Strongly Support Space Exploration - SpaceCoalition/PRNewsWire - Sept.25.06 Poll: Support Still Strong for NASA’s Space Exploration Vision - Space.com - Sept.25.06
Public Comments Running 7 to 1 in Support of President's Vision for Space Exploration - SpaceRef - Apr.16.04 Poll reveals mixed reaction to proposed space initiative - spacetoday.net - Jan.13.04
The gaps in NASA's support by Jeff Foust - The Space Review - Aug.19.03 NASA support up after tragedy - USATODAY.com - Aug.18.03 Public support could prove crucial for NASA - USATODAY.com - Aug.18.03 Poll shows continued support for NASA and shuttle program - spacetoday.net - July.29.03
Majority wants space flights halted until goals set - Houston Chronicle - July.20.03 Detailed Zogby Report (pdf)
Space poll history: The Myth of America's Love Affair with the Moon, Space Exploration & Apollo Program, Public Support for NASA - Space.com - Jan.13.11 Exploding the Myth of Popular Support for Project Apollo - Roger Launius's Blog - Aug.16.10.
Space Tourism Market Studies Space Prizes
The success of the X PRIZE project in attracting many serious competitors has given encouragment to those who believe that the government can also use prizes to motivate space development. Centennial Challenges - NASA program that sponsors several space related prize competitions. Each is managed by a non-government organization. NASA Challenges All Scientists to Join the Race for Space - VOA News - Apr.5.05
Centennial Challenge (pdf) Articles: Cosmic Competition - Technology Review - Aug.05 issue
X PRIZE America's Space Prize - Created by Robert Bigelow, this $50M prize was intended to spur the development of low cost orbital transportation. The prize would have gone to the first private organization to put a crew of 5 into orbit by 2010. There were no entrants and the program has since become inactive. Rules Set for $50 Million 'America’s Space Prize' by Leonard David - SpaceNews/Space.com - Nov.8.04
Bigelow's Gamble: Inside the Bigelow Inflatable-Module Plant - Aviation Week - Sept.26.04 Reprint at Spaceflight Now includes these supporting articles plus a couple of pictures. Also, a reprint is available at Spaceref.
Articles & News: Witnesses Express Strong Support for Aerospace Prizes - House Committee on Science - July.15.04
Patent rights and flags of convenience in outer space - The Space Review - Feb.7.11 Space Benefits Space Benefits at the Space Awareness Alliance
NASA is often criticized for not presenting a clear, carefully supported, and non-PR sounding case for the direct and indirect benefits of space exploration. NASA in Space Controversies section
Best of NASA'S Spinoffs Apollo spinoffs * Shuttle spinoffs The Solar System Ambassador Program - volunteers recruited by NASA/JPL to give public presentations about NASA, space exploration, and it's benefits. Space-Buff Volunteers Wanted as Solar System Ambassadors - JPL PR - July.27.01 NASA also has a poor record of separating its pure research activities from those that could be taken over by commercial enterprises. However, NASA is trying to improve its efforts at commercialization of space as indicated by these sites:
Space Commercialization Space Product Development Related sections Other HobbySpace sections that detail various benefits of space include:
Life in Space Links to info on space colony projects, spinoffs, microgravity, space industry, etc.
Investing Information and web resources related to the $100 billion space industry
Space Discussions Discuss, argue, rant and rave about space policy, technology, history, future and current events with other space enthusiasts via newsgroups, online forums and chat rooms. Space Newsgroups sci.space.history
Space Forums and Chat Rooms HobbySpace Links - Lots more Space Discussion Sites
Cosmiverse-Online Community for Science & Space Enthusiasts Destiny in Space by Robert Davis at Suite101.com
ICQ Space & Astronomical Interest Groups New York Times Space Exploration Forum
Space Forum - Houston Chronicle Space Policy Online Conference at Federation of American
SpaceADG - Space Exploration Advocacy Group Commercial Space Place Towards 2001 & Beyond?
Conferences for Space Activists Below is a list of some of the large space conferences open to general public participation. Check also HobbySpace - Aerospace Calendars
Calendar of Events - SpaceRef JPL Calendar
ISDC - International Space Development Conferences The National Space Society and a local chapter host, sponsor a yearly conference on space development for society members and the general public. The ISDC History International Space Development Conferences Australian Space Development Conference The National Space Society of Australia sponsors this biannual space conference. National Space Symposium The US Space Foundation sponsors this annual conference. Space Frontier Conference
More Meetings Planetary Congress - Space Explorer International Astronautical Congress
Lunar Development Conference - yearly conference in in Las Vegas Annual AIAA/Utah Statue University Conference on Small Satellites, Logan, Utah, USA California Space Authority: Events Calendar More Lists of Space Activist Groups Ben's Space Organizations
Clubs at Countdown Creations Huntsville Alabama L5 Society - links to private space organizations SpaceAge Publishing - Space Advocacy Space foundations, institutes and organizations - SpaceProjects.com SpaceRef.com - Organizations Telson Spur - Space Frontier TransOrbital, Inc. Space Advocacy and Awareness Groups Home | Directory | Advertising | About | Contact | Disclaimer © 1999-2016 HobbySpace, All Rights Reserved.