Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/EP1518098B1/en
Timestamp: 2020-07-09 06:16:09+00:00
Document Index: 25674553

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 3', 'art 6', 'art 2', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 6', 'art 5', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 6', 'art 6', 'art 3', 'art 5', 'art 61', 'art 5', 'art 5', 'art 61', 'art 5', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 3', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 61', 'art 2']

EP1518098B1 - High-pressure sensor comprising silicon membrane and solder layer - Google Patents
High-pressure sensor comprising silicon membrane and solder layer Download PDF
EP1518098B1
EP1518098B1 EP03737874A EP03737874A EP1518098B1 EP 1518098 B1 EP1518098 B1 EP 1518098B1 EP 03737874 A EP03737874 A EP 03737874A EP 03737874 A EP03737874 A EP 03737874A EP 1518098 B1 EP1518098 B1 EP 1518098B1
EP03737874A
EP1518098A1 (en
Berthold Rogge
2002-06-22 Priority to DE10228000 priority Critical
2005-03-30 Publication of EP1518098A1 publication Critical patent/EP1518098A1/en
2006-10-11 Publication of EP1518098B1 publication Critical patent/EP1518098B1/en
239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound 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[Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 16
229910045601 alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
The invention relates to a pressure sensor (10) for use in a device for measuring (high) pressure. Said pressure sensor is configured as a semiconductor pressure sensor and soldered directly onto a support element (5) provided with a first pressure channel section by means of a solder layer. The support element (5) is an FeNi or FeNiCo alloy. The solder layer is AuSn20, which is adapted to small thermal coefficients of expansion. The pressure sensor (10) may consist of two silicon structures that are linked by an AuSi eutectic bond. A peripheral collar (42) ensures a reliable weld seam, a cover element (61) allows for module formation.
The invention relates to a device for measuring pressure with the features of the preamble of independent claim 1.
Such a device for pressure measurement is known for example from DE 100 14 992 A1. The high pressure sensor shown there used as a pressure transducer provided with a recess pressure measuring cell made of metal. Sensor elements and measuring diaphragm are formed on one side of the metallic pressure measuring cell. With the opposite second side of the pressure measuring cell is welded onto a connecting piece of the sensor device. An evaluation circuit is arranged on a separate printed circuit board or a hybrid and electrically connected to the sensor elements on the upper side of the pressure measuring cell. With such a device, even high pressures above 140 bar can be measured.
Furthermore, from DE 197 31 420 A1 a device for measuring pressure with a silicon chip as a semiconductor pressure transducer is known, which is provided on its upper side with sensor elements and an evaluation circuit and is applied to a glass base. However, such pressure sensors are only used to measure relatively small pressures used below 70 bar, since the mechanical stresses acting at higher pressures lead to cracks in the glass or silicon chip.
From DE 34 36 440 A1 a silicon pressure sensor is known, which comprises a sensor chip made of semiconductor material having on its first side sensor elements and a sensor membrane and which is provided on a first side opposite the second side with a recess. The sensor chip is applied to a provided with a passage opening intermediate carrier made of silicon, which is soldered to a cylinder or a pedestal.
From DE 26 30 640 a piezoresistive pressure measuring cell is known, which has a silicon wafer which is provided on its one side with a membrane and an integrated circuit and which has a blind hole-like recess on the other side. The silicon wafer is soldered by means of a gold-silicon eutectic soldering process on another silicon plate, which is provided with a feedthrough tube, which communicates with the recess.
The device according to the invention for pressure measurement with the features of claim 1 advantageously makes it possible to use a pressure transducer with a semiconductor chip, on the upper side of which sensor elements and, for example, additionally an evaluation circuit as an integrated circuit, for high pressure measurement above 70 bar. The effort operated in the prior art to isolate the sensor elements of the metallic pressure measuring cell in conventional high-pressure sensors is avoided. By combining evaluation circuit and sensor elements on the semiconductor chip, a high degree of integration of the Device achieved. By directly soldering the semiconductor chip with an edge region surrounding a recess of the semiconductor chip onto a carrier part provided with a first pressure channel section, wherein the first pressure channel section and the recess communicate with one another, a high-pressure-resistant connection is produced between semiconductor chip and carrier part. The transmission of thermo-mechanical stresses to the semiconductor chip is advantageously reduced in that on an outer side of a first sensor housing part of the sensor housing provided with a passage opening, a connection stub covering the passage opening is defined as a separate component and the support part arranged in the sensor housing passes through the passage opening with the connecting stub, For example, by laser welding, is associated. Undesired thermo-mechanical stresses between the connecting piece and the carrier part are considerably reduced by this measure.
Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are made possible by the features indicated in the dependent claims.
Characterized in that on one of the passage opening facing side of the connecting piece a circumferential collar is formed, which is arranged around a formed in the connecting piece second pressure channel around, and that the support part has on its side facing the connecting piece a collar engaging in the neck the first pressure channel section extends, can advantageously further reduce thermo-mechanical stresses between the connection piece and the support member. Particularly advantageous in this context, if the nozzle has an outer diameter which is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the support member, so that only There is a small connection area between the carrier part and the connecting piece.
The pressure transducer may be integrally formed of a semiconductor material such as silicon. It is particularly advantageous to use a stack structure comprising a first semiconductor structure provided with the sensor membrane and the sensor elements and a second semiconductor structure fixedly connected thereto via a connection zone and soldered onto the carrier part. By the second semiconductor structure is largely avoided that thermomechanical stress loads reach the sensor elements and damage. This can increase the reliability and lifetime of the device. The first semiconductor structure and the second semiconductor structure may advantageously consist of silicon. The connection zone may consist of a eutectic zone of gold and silicon.
To avoid thermal stresses between the semiconductor chip and the carrier part, it is advantageous if the solder layer has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than tin-lead solder, which is better adapted to the semiconductor material. For example, the use of AuSn20 solder is advantageous.
The carrier part advantageously has a coefficient of thermal expansion adapted to the semiconductor material of the pressure sensor. The carrier part may consist of a metal alloy, for example of iron-nickel (Invar®) or iron-nickel-cobalt (Kovar®).
It is particularly advantageous if the recess in the semiconductor pressure transducer is formed by reactive ion etching (trench etching) on the pressure transducer. As a result, sharp transitions and kinks in the semiconductor pressure transducer avoided at which form under high pressure loads tensions that lead to breakage.
In a further advantageous embodiment, it may be provided that the pressure sensor, the carrier part and a lid part mounted on the carrier part are designed as a pressure transducer module, wherein the lid part and the carrier part form a closed module housing housing the pressure transducer and a connecting piece is fastened to the carrier part or in one piece connected to it, in which the first pressure channel section extends. The modular design has the advantage that can be sorted out before installation in the actual sensor housing when calibrating the pressure transducer as not functioning sorted pressure sensor modules.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be explained in the following description. It shows
1 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of the invention,
2 shows a cross section through the embodiment of FIG. 1 along the line II-II in Fig. 1,
3 is an enlarged detail of FIG. 1,
4 shows an enlarged detail for a further exemplary embodiment,
5 is a trained as a pressure sensor module further embodiment of the invention,
6 shows a pressure sensor with a pressure sensor module arranged therein from FIG. 5.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for pressure measurement. A semiconductor pressure transducer 10 is soldered onto a socket-shaped carrier part 5. An enlarged detail view of the soldered to the base 5 semiconductor pressure transducer is shown in Fig. 3. The semiconductor pressure transducer 10 is preferably designed as a silicon chip and provided on the upper side 15 with sensor elements 12. A central section on the upper side, which spans a recess 14 introduced into the underside, serves as a sensor membrane 11, the sensor elements 12 detecting deformations resulting therefrom from a pressure load on the thin sensor membrane 11. In addition to the sensor elements 12, an evaluation circuit, not shown, may also be arranged on the upper side 15 of the semiconductor pressure sensor 10 around the sensor membrane 11. The recess 14 is preferably introduced by reactive ion etching (trench etching) in the pressure transducer, whereby 14 soft transitions arise on the inner wall of the recess and sharp edges are avoided, where fractures could form at high pressure loads. The semiconductor pressure transducer is directly soldered to the upper side 55 of the carrier part 5 with an edge region 16a of the underside 16 surrounding the recess 14. The top 55 is surrounded by a circumferential collar 56 for centering the pressure transducer 10.
In order to reduce thermal stresses between semiconductor pressure transducer 10 and carrier part 5, the carrier part 5 is made of a material adapted to the coefficient of expansion of silicon, and preferably of an iron-nickel alloy (Invar®) or iron-nickel-cobalt alloy (Kovar ®). The solder layer 13 between the semiconductor pressure transducer 10 and the support member 5 has a very small coefficient of expansion, which is preferably significantly smaller than the coefficient of expansion of conventional tin-lead solder. Particularly advantageous is the use of AuSn20 solder. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the recess 14 communicates with a first pressure channel section 51 arranged in the carrier part 5, so that the underside of the sensor membrane 11 facing the recess 14 can be subjected to pressure via the first pressure channel section 51.
In a further embodiment, it is provided that the semiconductor pressure transducer 10 has a first semiconductor structure 17, on the upper side 15 of which the sensor elements 12 are arranged and which is connected on its side remote from the sensor elements 12 to a second semiconductor structure 19. Both semiconductor structures may be formed of silicon, wherein the connection zone 18 of the two semiconductor structures preferably consists of a euktektischen zone of gold and silicon. The second semiconductor structure 19 is soldered onto the carrier part 5 with its side 16 facing away from the first semiconductor structure 17. Particularly advantageous in this embodiment is that the second semiconductor structure as a protective layer for the first semiconductor structure acts. Thermomechanical loads are initially transferred from the carrier part only to the second semiconductor structure. Advantageously, the sensor elements 12 and the sensor membrane 11 are thereby protected.
As can be seen further in FIG. 1, the socket-like carrier part 5 with its side facing away from the semiconductor pressure transducer 10 is connected to a metallic connecting piece 4 made of, for example, stainless steel by laser welding. The connecting piece 4 is designed as a screw connection and is welded as a separate component on the outside 32 of a metallic first sensor housing part 3, so that the connecting piece 4 covers a central passage opening 31 in the first sensor housing part 3. The peripheral wall of the first sensor housing part 3 forms a hexagon, as best seen in Fig. 2.
The somewhat cylindrical support part 5 has a smaller diameter than the passage opening 31. On a side facing away from the semiconductor pressure transducer 10 side of the support member 5, a nozzle 52 is formed, in which the first pressure channel portion 51 is recessed centrally. The connecting piece 4 has on its side facing the passage opening 31 a circumferential collar 42, which is arranged on this side around a arranged in the connecting piece 4 second pressure channel section 41 circumferentially. The support member 5 is inserted with the nozzle 52 in the collar 42 and welded thereto. Subsequently, the support part 5 can be pushed through the passage opening 31 of the first sensor housing part 3 and the connection piece can be welded to the outside 32 of the first sensor housing part 3 in the area 43. In operation, the pressure is supplied from the second pressure channel section 41 into the first pressure channel section 51 and from there into the recess 14 on the underside of the semiconductor pressure transducer.
In the embodiment shown here, a stamped and bent part 6 is still provided, which is welded onto the side facing away from the outer side 32 of the first sensor housing part 3. The stamped and bent part 6 has an opening 61 through which the carrier part 5 is guided. On the side facing away from the first sensor housing part 3 side of the stamped and bent part 6, a printed circuit board 7 or a hybrid or corresponding part is applied, which has a recess 71 through which the support member 5 is also performed. The semiconductor pressure transducer 10 is connected via bonding wires, not shown, to the printed conductors 72 on the printed circuit board 7. Connection surfaces 73 of the printed circuit boards 7 are connected via contact spring elements 9 with electrical connection elements 8, which are arranged in a second sensor housing part 2 formed from, for example, plastic, which is placed on the stamped and bent part 6. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the stamped and bent part 6 is bent in such a way that the upper side of the printed circuit board placed on the stamped and bent part is arranged approximately flush with the upper side of the pressure pickup 10. The connection elements 8 are guided by a plug 23 into the interior of the sensor housing 1. The outer region of the stamped and bent part has a groove-shaped contour 62 into which a cylindrical wall 22 of the second sensor housing part 2 engages. A sealing adhesive in the contour 62, the second sensor housing part 2 is sealed against the stamped and bent part 6. The first sensor housing part 3, the second sensor housing part 2, the stamped and bent part 6 arranged therebetween and the connecting piece 4 form a closed sensor housing 1, in which the support part 5 and the pressure sensor 10 are arranged.
The second sensor housing part 2 can also be connected directly to the first sensor housing part 3 and the stamped and bent part 6 omitted. Furthermore, it is possible to enlarge the opening 61 in the stamped and bent part 6 and the stamped and bent part annular form and the circuit board 7 to the first sensor housing part 3 set so that the circuit board engages through the enlarged opening in the stamped and bent part.
Another embodiment of the device for pressure measurement is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the metallic support part 5 forms the housing bottom of a module housing, in which the semiconductor pressure transducer 10 is arranged. The semiconductor pressure transducer 10 is constructed analogously to the embodiment of FIG. 4 from two semiconductor structures and soldered to the second semiconductor structure 19 in a recess 55 on the support member 5. Pin-shaped electrical contact elements 62 are sealed in glass bushings 63, which glass bushings are arranged in through holes 56 of the support member 5. In a central opening 57 of the support member 5, a tubular cylindrical nozzle 52 is arranged, in which the first pressure channel section 51 extends. However, the nozzle 52 may also be formed integrally with the carrier part. The pressure transducer 10 is contacted via bonding wires 64 with the pin-shaped contact elements 62. A lid part 61 placed on the carrier part 5 together with the carrier part 5 forms a closed module housing 66. Advantageously, a reference pressure volume (for example vacuum) can be enclosed between cover part 61 and carrier part 5 so that the pressure transducer 10 measures a reference pressure.
The pressure sensor module 66 shown in FIG. 5 can be installed in a sensor housing 1, as shown in FIG. In this case, the pressure transducer module 66 is placed on a printed circuit board 7. The electrical contact elements 62 are connected to conductor tracks of the printed circuit board 7, for example by soldering, while the nozzle 52 is passed through an opening in the printed circuit board and inserted into a collar 42 of a connecting piece 4 of the sensor housing 1 and as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 welded thereto is. The connecting piece 4 is arranged on a first sensor housing part 3. A second sensor housing part 2 made of plastic is connected to an approximately cylindrical metal sleeve 26, protruding from the second sensor housing part 2 end has a bent edge 28 which is welded to the first sensor housing part 3. A sealing adhesive 27 seals the connecting region of the metal sleeve 26 and the first sensor housing part 2. The electrical connection elements 8 are guided through the second sensor housing part 2 in the interior of the sensor housing 1 and electrically connected to the circuit board 7. An adhesive 67 connects the lid part 61 of the pressure sensor module 66 with the inside of the second sensor housing part 2.
Device for measuring pressure, in particular for measuring high pressure, comprising a semiconductor pressure transducer (10), which is arranged in a sensor housing (1) and has on a first side (15) sensor elements (12) and a sensor membrane (11) and is provided on a second side (16), opposite from the first side, with a recess (14), which extends from the second side (16) to the sensor membrane (11), the semiconductor pressure transducer being soldered by a peripheral region (16a) of the second side (16), surrounding the recess (14), directly on a support part (5), provided with a first pressure channel portion (51), by means of a solder layer (13) in such a way that the first pressure channel portion (51) and the recess (14) are in connection with each other, characterized in that, on an outer side (32) of a first sensor housing part (3) of the sensor housing (1), provided with a through-opening (31), a connection piece (4), covering the through-opening (31), is fixed and the support part (5), arranged in the sensor housing, is brought into connection with the connection piece (4) through the through-opening (31).
Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the support part (5) is welded to the connection piece (4).
Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, on a side of the connection piece (4) facing the through-opening (31), a peripheral collar (42) is arranged around a second pressure channel portion (41), formed in the connection piece (4), and the support part (5) has on its side facing the connection piece (4) a connector (52), which engages in the collar (42) and in which the first pressure channel portion (51) extends.
Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the connector (52) has an outside diameter which is significantly smaller than the outside diameter of the support part (5).
Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure transducer (10) is formed in one piece from a semiconductor material.
Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure transducer (10) is constructed in the form of a stack, with a first semiconductor structure (17), provided with the sensor membrane (11) and the sensor elements (12), and a second semiconductor structure (19), firmly connected to the said first structure by means of a connecting zone (18) and soldered on the support part (5).
Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the first semiconductor structure (17) and the second semiconductor structure (19) consist of silicon and the connecting zone (18) is formed by a eutectic zone of gold and silicon.
Device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the solder layer (13) has a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than tin-lead solder.
Device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the support part (5) has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is adapted to the semiconductor material of the pressure transducer (10).
Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the solder layer (13) consists of AuSn20.
Device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the support part (5) is formed from a material that is adapted to the coefficient of expansion of silicon and preferably from an iron-nickel alloy or iron-nickel-cobalt alloy.
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess (14) is formed on the pressure transducer by reactive ion etching.
Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure transducer (10), the support part (5) and a cover part (61) placed on the support part (5) are formed as a pressure transducer module (66), the cover part (61) and the support part (5) forming a closed module housing, holding the pressure transducer (10), and a connector (52), in which the first pressure channel portion (51) extends, being fastened to the support part (5) or integrally connected to it.
EP03737874A 2002-06-22 2003-05-07 High-pressure sensor comprising silicon membrane and solder layer Active EP1518098B1 (en)
DE10228000 2002-06-22
EP1518098A1 EP1518098A1 (en) 2005-03-30
EP1518098B1 true EP1518098B1 (en) 2006-10-11
EP03737874A Active EP1518098B1 (en) 2002-06-22 2003-05-07 High-pressure sensor comprising silicon membrane and solder layer
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