Source: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/43/part/VI/crossheading/preliminary
Timestamp: 2018-09-25 18:24:28
Document Index: 630446743

Matched Legal Cases: ['art. 2', 'art. 2', 'art. 2', 'art. 3', 'art. 2', 'art. 3']

106 Purpose of Part VI and meaning of “genetically modified organisms” and related expressions.E+W
[F1(1)This Part has effect for the purpose of ensuring that all appropriate measures are taken to avoid damage to the environment which may arise from the escape or release from human control of genetically modified organisms.]
(2)In this Part the term “organism” means any acellular, unicellular or multicellular entity (in any form), other than humans [F2, human embryos or human admixed embryos] ; and, unless the context otherwise requires, the term also includes any article or substance consisting of or including biological matter.
(3)For the purpose of subsection (2) above “biological matter” means anything (other than an entity mentioned in that subsection) which consists of or includes—
[F3(3A)For the purposes of subsection (2) above—
(b)“human admixed embryo” has the same meaning as it has in that Act by virtue of section 4A(6) and (11) of that Act.]
(4)For the purposes of this Part an organism is “genetically modified” if any of the genes or other genetic material in the organism—
[F4(a)have been artificially modified, or]
[F5(4A)Genes or other genetic material in an organism are “artificially modified” for the purposes of subsection (4) above if they are altered otherwise than by a process which occurs naturally in mating or natural recombination.
(4B)For the purposes of subsection (4) above—
(4C)An organism shall be taken not to be a genetically modified organism for the purposes of this Part if it is an organism of a prescribed description.
(4D)In subsections (4B) and (4C) above “prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State [F6or, in relation to Wales, the National Assembly for Wales].]
(7)In this Part, where the context permits, a reference to “reproduction”, in relation to an organism, includes a reference to its replication or its transferring genetic material.
F1S. 106(1) substituted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 3(2) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 4(1)(2)
F2Words in s. 106(2) substituted (1.10.2009) by Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (c. 22), ss. 60(2), 68; S.I. 2009/2232, art. 2
F3S. 106(3A) inserted (1.10.2009) by Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (c. 22), ss. 60(3), 68; S.I. 2009/2232, art. 2
F4S. 106(4)(a) substituted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 3(3) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 4(1)(3)
F5S. 106(4A)-(4D) inserted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 3(4) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 4(1)(4) (as modified by reg. 4(5))
F6Words in s. 106(4D) inserted (W.) (31.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 4(5)
F7S. 106(5)(6) omitted (E.) (17.10.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 3(5) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 4(1)(7)
C3S. 106(4) modified (E.) (temp. from 17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 5(1)(2)
C4S. 106(4) modified (W.) (temp. from 31.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 6(1)(2)
I1S. 106 wholly in force at 1.2.1993; s. 106 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 164(2)(3); s. 106(4)(5) in force 1.4.1991 see S.I. 1991/1042, art. 2; s. 106(1)-(3)(6)(7) in force at 1.2.1993 see S.I. 1992/3253, art. 3.
106 Purpose of Part VI and meaning of “genetically modified organisms” and related expressions.S
[F13(1)This Part has effect for the purpose of ensuring that all appropriate measures are taken to avoid damage to the environment which may arise from the escape or release from human control of genetically modified organisms.]
(4)For the purposes of this Part [F14, subject to subsection (4C) below,] an organism is “genetically modified” if any of the genes or other genetic material in the organism—
[F15(a)have been artificially modified, or]
[F16(4A)subject to subsections (4B) and (4C) below, genes or other genetic material in an organism are “artificially modified” for the purposes of subsection (4) above if they are altered otherwise than by a process which occurs naturally in mating or natural recombination.
(4B)For the purposes of subsection (4) above–
(4D)In subsections (4B) and (4C) above, “prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Scottish Ministers.]
F13S. 106(1) substituted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 3(2)
F14Words in s. 106(4) inserted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 3(3)(a)
F15S. 106(4)(a) substituted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 3(3)(b)
F16S. 106(4A)-(4D) inserted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 3(4)
F17S. 106(5)(6) omitted (S.) (5.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 3(5)
C5S. 106(4) modified (S.) (temp. from 5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 5(1)(2)
[F8(2)The “environment” includes land, air and water and living organisms supported by any of those media.]
(3)“Damage to the environment” is caused by the presence in the environment of genetically modified organisms which have (or of a single such organism which has) escaped or been released from a person’s control and are (or is) capable of causing harm [F9to the living organisms supported by the environment].
[F10(6)“Harm” means adverse effects as regards the health of humans or the environment.]
[F11(9)Organisms of any description are under the “control” of a person where he keeps them contained by measures designed to limit their contact with humans and the environment and to prevent or minimise the risk of harm.]
[F12(11)Genetically modified organisms of any description are “marketed” by a person when products consisting of or including such organisms are placed on the market by being made available to other persons, whether or not for consideration.]
E3This version of this provision extends to England and Wales; a separate version has been created for Scotland only
F8S. 107(2) substituted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 4(2) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 5(1)(2)(a)
F9Words in s. 107(3) omitted (E.) (17.10.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 4(3) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 5(1)(2)(b)
F10S. 107(6) substituted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 4(4) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 5(1)(2)(c)
F11S. 107(9) substituted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 4(5) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 5(1)(2)(d)
F12S. 107(11) substituted (E.) (17.10.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2443), regs. 1(2)(3), 4(6) and (W.) (31.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Wales) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/3188), reg. 5(1)(2)(e)
I2S. 107 wholly in force at 1.2.1993; s. 107 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 164(2)(3); s. 107(8) in force 1.4.1991 see S.I. 1991/1042, art. 2; s. 107(1)-(7)(9)-(11) in force at 1.2.1993 see S.I. 1992/3253, art. 3.
[F18(2)The “environment” includes land, air and water and the living organisms supported by any of those media.]
(3)“Damage to the environment” is caused by the presence in the environment of genetically modified organisms which have (or of a single such organism which has) escaped or been released from a person’s control and are (or is) capable of causing harm F19. . . .
[F20(6)“Harm” means adverse effects as regards the health of humans or the environment.]
[F21(9)Organisms of any description are under the “control” of a person where that person keeps them contained by specific measure designed to limit their contact with humans and the environment and to prevent or minimise the risk of harm.]
[F22(11)Genetically modified organisms of any description are “marketed” when products consisting of or including such organisms are placed on the market by being made available to other persons, whether or not for consideration.]
F18S. 107(2) substituted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 4(2)
F19Words in s. 107(3) omitted (S.) (5.12.2002) by virtue of Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 4(3)
F20S. 107(6) substituted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 4(4)
F21S. 107(9) substituted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 4(5)
F22S. 107(11) substituted (S.) (5.12.2002) by Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002 (S.S.I. 2002/541), reg. 4(6)