Source: https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/959/242/220403/
Timestamp: 2020-07-15 13:04:17
Document Index: 635353566

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 841', '§ 1291', '§ 4', '§ 23109', '§ 23109', '§ 4']

United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Jerald Patrick Jones, Defendant-appellant, 959 F.2d 242 (9th Cir. 1992) :: Justia
Justia › US Law › Case Law › Federal Courts › Courts of Appeals › Ninth Circuit › 1992 › United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Jerald Patrick Jones, Defendant-appellant
United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Jerald Patrick Jones, Defendant-appellant, 959 F.2d 242 (9th Cir. 1992)
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit - 959 F.2d 242 (9th Cir. 1992) Submitted March 25, 1992. *Decided March 30, 1992
Jerald Patrick Jones appeals his sentence under the United States Sentencing Guidelines ("Guidelines") following a guilty plea to possession with intent to distribute a controlled substance, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a) (1). Jones contends that the district court erroneously calculated his criminal history score. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and affirm.
We review de novo the district court's interpretation of the Guidelines. See United States v. Anderson, 942 F.2d 606, 608 (9th Cir. 1991). Under the Guidelines, minor traffic infractions are not counted toward a defendant's criminal history score. U.S.S.G. § 4A1.2(c) (2). "An infraction is any offense for which the maximum authorized term of imprisonment is not more than 5 days." United States v. Aichele, 912 F.2d 1170, 1171 (9th Cir. 1990).
Here, Jones argues that his conviction for Exhibition of Speed under California Vehicle Code § 23109(c) was a minor traffic infraction and should not have been counted toward his criminal history score.1 Nevertheless, violation of section 23109 is a misdemeanor offense and is punishable by imprisonment for not more than 90 days or by fine. Cal.Veh.Code §§ 23109(i), 40000.15. Clearly, violation of section 23109 is not an infraction. See Aichele, 912 F.2d at 1171 (reckless driving not an infraction for purposes of criminal history score). Therefore, the district court properly computed Jones' criminal history score. See id.
In his reply brief, Jones contends that his criminal history category overrepresents the seriousness of his criminal history and that the district court should depart downward from the Guidelines sentencing range. Jones failed to raise this issue below and therefore, we decline to review it on appeal. See United States v. Nakagawa, 924 F.2d 800, 803 (9th Cir. 1991).
The probation officer preparing Jones' presentence report ("PSR") assigned one criminal history point for the traffic conviction. Jones' score was increased by two points for committing the present offense while on probation for the traffic conviction. See U.S.S.G. § 4A1.1(d). Therefore, Jones' criminal history score was 3, placing him in a criminal history category of II