Source: http://www.chanrobles.com/usa/us_supremecourt/400/4/case.php
Timestamp: 2019-11-18 09:53:37
Document Index: 21968713

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 501', '§ 313', '§ 501', '§ 501', '§ 115', '§ 115']

UNITED STATES V. MARYLAND SAVINGS-SHARE INS. CORP., 400 U. S. 4 (1970) - US SUPREME COURT DECISIONS ON-LINE
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UNITED STATES V. MARYLAND SAVINGS-SHARE INS. CORP., 400 U. S. 4 (1970)
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MSSIC was established by the Maryland Legislature with the object of insuring the accounts of shareholders of member savings and loan associations. Although first chartered in 1962, it seeks the benefit of § 501(c)(14)(b), which exempts from tax nonprofit corporations such as appellee, but only if organized before September 1, 1957. [Footnote 1] chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
Prior to 1951, all savings and loan associations were exempt from taxation of income derived from their operations. Also exempt were nonprofit corporations that insured the savings institutions. In 1951, the exemption for savings and loan associations was discontinued, on findings that the industry had developed to a point comparable to that of commercial banks. The exemption for insurers, however, was continued, provided they were already in existence as of September 1, 1951. See Revenue Act of 1951, § 313(b), 65 Stat. 490; S.Rep. No. 781, 82d Cong., 1st Sess., 22-29; 2 U.S.Code Cong. & Ad. News 1969, 1991-1997 (1951). As of that date, three private insurers fell within the scope of the section -- two of them in Massachusetts and one in Connecticut. Then, in 1956, a fourth such corporation was organized in Ohio, and four years later, Congress moved the cut-off date forward to September 1, 1957. Act of April 22, 1960, 74 Stat. 54.
In 1963, a similar bill, H.R. 3297, 88th Cong., 1st Sess., which would have moved the cut-off date forward to January 1, 1963, for the benefit of MSSIC, passed the House, but was never reported out by the Senate Finance Committee. Testimony before the committee indicated chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
that continued forward movement of the date might lead to proliferation of state insurers that could hinder the operations and threaten the financial stability of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation. See Hearing on H.R. 3297 before the Senate Committee on Finance, 88th Cong., 2d Sess., 9-10 (1964).
Against this background, the District Court's invalidation of § 501(c)(14)(B) was error. The fact that Congress enacts a statute containing a "grandfather clause," which exempts from the general income tax certain corporations organized prior to a specified date, does not, of itself, indicate that Congress has made an arbitrary classification. Cf. Stanley v. Public Utilities Comm'n, 295 U. S. 76 (1935); Sperry & Hutchinson Co. v. Rhodes, 220 U. S. 502 (1911); Watson v. Maryland, 218 U. S. 173 (1910); Sampere v. New Orleans, 166 La. 776, 117 So. 827 (1928), aff'd per curiam, 279 U.S. 812 (1929). Normally, a legislative classification will not be set aside if any state of facts rationally justifying it is demonstrated to or perceived by the courts. McDonald v. Board of Election Comm'rs, 394 U. S. 802, 394 U. S. 809 (1969); McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U. S. 420, 366 U. S. 426 (1961); Standard Oil Co. v. City of Marysville, 279 U. S. 582, 279 U. S. 586-587 (1929). See also Watson v. Maryland, supra, at 218 U. S. 178. Here, the legislative history of H.R. 3297 affirmatively discloses that Congress had a rational basis for declining in 1963 to broaden the exemption by extending the cut-off date of § 501(c)(14)(b). Just as a State may provide that, after a specified date newly established common carriers must obtain state approval before entering into business so as to prevent proliferation of such carriers and excessive use of the State's highways, see Stanley v. Public Utilities Comm'n, supra, similarly, Congress does not exceed its power to tax, nor does it violate the Fifth Amendment when it refuses to exempt from tax newly chanroblesvirtualawlibrary
formed corporations, the multiplication of which might burden otherwise valid federal programs. [Footnote 2]
The District Court's reliance on Mayflower Farms, Inc. v. Ten Eyck, 297 U. S. 266 (1936), was misplaced, since, according to the Court in that case, the legislative record contained no affirmative showing of a valid legislative purpose. We thus need not pass upon the continuing validity of Mayflower's holding. We also find unpersuasive MSSIC's remaining argument that it is an instrumentality of the State and hence entitled to exemption from federal taxation under the doctrine of intergovernmental immunity and under § 115(a)(1) of the Code, 26 U.S.C. § 115(a)(1). The District Court properly rejected this argument.