Source: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/topic-overviews/content/drug-law-penalties-at-a-glance
Timestamp: 2019-08-24 05:00:59
Document Index: 649688136

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art 71', 'art. 71', 'Art 71', 'art.71', 'art.71', 'art. 36', 'art.39', 'Art 36', 'Art 191', 'Art 191', 'art. 192', 'art. 191', 'Art 191', 'art. 259', 'art. 259', 'art. 259', 'art. 259', 'art. 259', 'art. 259', '§231', '§231', 'art. 36', 'art. 36', 'Art 191', 'art. 191', 'art. 191', 'art. 260', 'Art.260', 'Art.260', 'Art.260', 'Art.260', 'art. 188', 'art. 188', 'art. 192', 'art. 188', 'art. 188', 'art. 188', 'art. 3', 'arts 1', 'arts 1', '§ 22', 'Art. 1', 'art. 2', 'art. 1']

On this page you can examine and compare the penalties, or rehabilitative responses, for the core offences of drug use, possession for personal use, and supply-related offences, across countries in Europe. It also allows you to see how those penalties vary according to the type or quantity of the drug, and the addiction or recidivism of the offender.
Data last updated: 13 May 2019.
Lithuania Consumption of drugs without medical prescription is an administrative offence. It is punished by a fine of EUR 30-150. Code of Administrative Offences, Art 71(1). A person who voluntarily attends medical treatment is exempted from administrative liability for their illegal actions, before the verdict. Code of Administrative Offences, art. 71(4). Penalty does not vary by drug. Code of Administrative Offences, Art 71. [Quantity limits not applicable to consumption offences] Penalty does not vary by addiction. Code of Administrative Offences, art.71. When committing repeatedly, use will be punished by fine from EUR 150 up to EUR 230. This offence may be a subject of administrative measure – obligation to participate in alcohol and drug prevention, early intervention, health care, social rehabilitation, improvement of communication with children, violent behavior modification or other programmes (trainings). Code of Administrative Offences, art.71 (2, 3).
Norway Use of drugs is a minor drug offence punishable by imprisonment up to 6 months and/or fine. Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992) s. 31, s.24. Execution of sentence may be in an institution under supervision if necessary. There is a drug court programme running for those convicted of minor crimes. Corrections / Execution of Sentence Act s.12 Penalty does not vary by drug. Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992) s. 31, s.24. [Quantity limits not applicable to consumption offences] Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992) s. 31, s.24. Penalty does not vary for addiction. Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992) s. 31, s.24. . Penalty does not vary for recidivism.
Spain Consumption of drugs in public places, streets, establishments or conveyances is a serious infraction of public safety (not a crime), punished with an administrative penalty (fine) of between EUR 601 and 30,000. Constitutional law 4/15 art. 36 (16) The fine punishment may be suspended if the offender is between 14 and 18 years old and submits to a treatment programme if needed. Otherwise re-education activities are followed, in accordance with the procedure regulated in the Royal Decree 1079/1993, of 2 July 1993. Constitutional law 4/15, Additional provision 5. Administrative penalty (fine) for consumption of drugs in public places, streets, establishments or conveyances does not vary by drug. Constitutional law 4/15 art.39.1.b [Quantity limits not applicable to consumption offences] Administrative penalty (fine) for consumption of drugs in public places, streets, establishments or conveyances does not vary by addiction factor. Constitutional law Art 36 (16) No specific penalty variation in the drug-specific sections of the law, but in case of recidivism (2 or more offences of the same type), the fine could be higher than the minimum (601€) and always under the maximum of 30.000€. Administrative Procedure Act, 30/92
Use of narcotics or psychotropic substances is punishable by two to five years imprisonment.
Prosecution is suspended for five years with conditions; breach of conditions will trigger prosecution.
Criminal Code, Art 191 (1-2)
Suspension of prosecution may include treatment requirements. Probation shall be applied for at least one year, extendable for up to one year in periods of three months by public prosecutor’s decision.
Breach of conditions, or possession or use of narcotic or psychotropic substances, will trigger prosecution.
Criminal Code, Art 191 (2-7)
No punishment is imposed if a drug user requests treatment before commencement of investigation. Criminal Code, art. 192(4).
Penalty does not vary by drug.
Criminal Code, art. 191(1).
Penalty does not vary by quantity
Penalty does not vary by addiction.
If there is possession or use within the five year suspension of a previous offence, there can be no suspension of the prosecution. Criminal Code, Art 191 (4)
Possession of drugs without intent to sell or otherwise distribute (when the quantity is more than small) is punished by a fine of EUR 1 900-76 000, arrest (from 15 to 90 days) or imprisonment up to 2 years. Penal Code, art. 259(1).
Possession of small quantities may be punished by community service (up to 240 hours) or by restriction of liberty (from 3 months to 2 years) or by a fine (570-19 000 EUR) or 10-45 days of arrest (detention). Penal Code, art. 259(2).
An offender who applies for drug treatment shall be released from criminal liability for production, acquisition and storage of the consumed drugs, before any verdict. Penal Code, art. 259(3). Penalty does not vary by drug. Penal Code, art. 259. Penal Code differentiates punishment for 'possession' and 'possession of small quantity of drugs' without intent to sell. Penal Code, art. 259(1, 2). Penalty does not vary for addiction, but the prison sentence may be suspended for addicted offenders if they follow treatment. Penal Code, arts. 259, 75. Penalty does not vary for recidivism. Penal Code, art. 259.
Norway Possession of small amounts of drugs is punished by up to 6 months imprisonment and/or a fine. Possession of a larger amount of drugs is punished more severely, according to the provisions of the Civil Penal Code: up to 2 years imprisonment and/or a fine. Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992), s.24. Civil Penal Code, Â§231. Execution of sentence may be in an institution under supervision if necessary. There is a drug court programme running for those convicted of minor crimes. Corrections / Execution of Sentence Act s.12 Penalty does not vary by drug. Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992) s. 31, s.24. Quantity determines prosecution under Act on Medicinal Products or Penal Code. Possession of small amounts, punishable by up to 6 months imprisonment and/or a fine. If a larger amount of drugs is possessed, punished more severely according to Â§231 of the Civil Penal Code: up to 2 years imprisonment and/or a fine. Act relating to medicines (No 132 of 4 December 1992), s.24. Civil Penal Code, s. 231. Penalty does not vary for addiction. Penalty does not vary for recidivism.
Spain Possession in public spaces (streets, establishments or conveyances), provided no criminal offence is involved (ie not for purpose of trafficking), is a serious infraction of public safety. It is an administrative offence, which is punished with a fine between EUR 601 and 30,000. Constitutional law 4/15 art. 36 (16) The fine punishment may be suspended if the offender is between 14 and 18 years old and submits to a treatment programme if needed. Otherwise re-education activities are followed, in accordance with the procedure regulated in the Royal Decree 1079/1993, of 2 July 1993. Constitutional law 4/15, Additional provision 5. Possession of drugs in public spaces is a serious infraction of public safety. The fine does not vary by drug. Constitutional law 4/15, art. 36(16). Penalty for personal possession does not vary by quantity of drugs possessed. However, the judge may consider the quantity, among other factors, to determine personal use or trafficking. Constitutional law 4/15. Possession of drugs in public spaces is a serious infraction of public safety. The fine does not vary by addiction factor. Constitutional law 4/15. Administrative penalty (fine) for possession of drugs in public places does not vary by recidivism factor, according to the drug-specific sections of the law. But in case of recidivism (2 or more offences of the same type), the fine could be higher than the minimum (601€) and always under the maximum of 30.000€. Administrative Procedure Act 30/92
Possession of narcotics or psychotropic substances for personal use is punishable by two to five years imprisonment.
Prosecution is suspended for five years with conditions; breach of conditions will trigger prosecution. Criminal Code, Art 191 (1)
Penalty does not vary by drug. Criminal Code, art. 191(1). Penalty does not vary by quantity. Criminal Code, art. 191(1).
Austria The penalty ranges for supply usually vary according to whether the drugs are classed as narcotics (N) or psychotropics (P). Purchase or possession, cultivation, production not for personal use - up to 1 year (N, P). Supply for gain in public transport, public building or other generally accessible place - up to 2 years (N). If over threshold with intent to introduce drugs into the market - up to 3 years (N) or up to 2 years (P). Production, import, export, circulation - up to 5 years (N) or up to 3 years (P). Acting as a member of a gang - 1-10 years. Acting commercially and with previous trafficking conviction - 1-10 years (N). When over 15x threshold quantity is involved - 1-10 years (N), up to 5 years (P). There are then higher penalty ranges for offences involving narcotics, as follows: Member of a drug trafficking gang with a previous trafficking conviction, or cases involving 25 times more than the threshold quantity - 1-15 years; Leader of a drug-trafficking organisation - 10-20 years or life imprisonment. Narcotic Substances Act (SMG), s. 27, s. 28a, s. s. 30, 31, 31a. The drug law allows for temporary withdrawal of the charge or the criminal proceedings for minor supply offences, with a probationary period of 1-2 years, and where necessary these may include an agreement to go to treatment. If successful, the proceedings will be permanently closed. Narcotic Substances Act (SMG) s. 35-38. The penalty ranges for supply usually vary according to whether the drugs are classed as narcotics or psychotropics. Narcotic Substances Act (SMG), s. 28a, s. 31a. Limit quantities are defined in the 'Limit Quantity Decree'. Penalty ranges for supply vary according to whether the quantity is under or over the threshold, over 15x the threshold quantity, or over 25x the threshold quantity. These also vary by the type of drug involved (narcotic or psychotropic). Narcotic Substances Act (SMG), s. 28a, s. 31a. Lower maximum penalties for supply offences are provided for addicted offenders, depending on the crime committed the punishment shall not exceed 1, 3 or 5 years of imprisonment. Penalties are not lower for addicted offenders in case of most serious crimes, e.g. involving very large amounts of drugs or when committed as a member of a large criminal organisation. Narcotic Substances Act (SMG), s. 28a (3), s. 31a (4). Recidivism leads to a higher penalty range when combined with supply of narcotics for commercial reasons or as a member of a drug trafficking gang. Narcotic Substances Act (SMG), s. 28a (2)(4).
Lithuania Drug supply is punished by 2-8 years imprisonment. When large amount of drugs is involved: 8-10 years. When very large amount of drugs is involved: 10-15 years. Penal Code, art. 260. No alternatives to punishment specifically related to drug supply offences. Penalty does not vary by drug. Penal Code, Art.260. Drug supply (when quantity is less than large) is punished by 2-8 years imprisonment. When large amount of drugs is involved: 8-10 years. When very large amount of drugs is involved: 10-15 years. Penal Code, Art.260. Penalty does not vary by addiction factor. Penal Code, Art.260. Penalty does not vary for recidivism. Penal Code, Art.260.
Norway Drug supply is punishable by up to 2 years imprisonment. If aggravated (considering the type and quantity of drug): up to 10 years. If the offence involves supply of a considerable quantity of drugs: 3-15 years imprisonment. If 'especially aggravating circumstances' occur: up to 21 years imprisonment. Civil Penal Code, s. 231-232. Execution of sentence may be in an institution under supervision if necessary. There is a drug court programme running in two cities for those convicted of minor crimes. Corrections / Execution of Sentence Act s.12 Drug supply is punishable by up to 2 years imprisonment, but an aggravated offence (for which the type of drug is named as one factor) may be punishable by up to 10 years. Civil Penal Code, s. 231-232. Drug supply is punishable by up to 2 years imprisonment, but an aggravated offence (for which the quantity is named as one factor) may be punishable by up to 10 years. If the offence involves supply of a considerable quantity of drugs, the penalty range is 3-15 years imprisonment. Civil Penal Code, s. 231-232. Penalty does not vary for addiction. Civil Penal Code, s. 231-232. Penalty does not vary for recidivism. Civil Penal Code, s. 231-232.
Turkey Drug supply is punishable by 5-15 years imprisonment. This increases by half in defined aggravating circumstances, namely (1) the offence involves heroin, cocaine, morphine or base-morphine, (2) the offence is performed by an organised group, (3) the offence is performed by medical personnel or any person dealing with chemical or pharmaceutical industry. Criminal Code, art. 188. No alternative to punishment for supply offences. Criminal Code, art. 188, art. 192. Drug supply is punished by 5-15 years imprisonment, but this increases by half if the offence involves heroin, cocaine, morphine or base-morphine. Criminal Code, art. 188 (4). Penalty for supply offences does not vary by the quantity of drug. Criminal Code, art. 188.
Penalty does not vary for recidivism. Criminal Code, art. 188.
Austria All substances as defined by law are listed in several schedules introduced by two decrees covering respectively: narcotics (5 schedules); psychotropic substances (1 schedule). Any substance to be officially designated as a controlled drug must be included in one of the relevant decrees (Suchtgiftverordnung 374/1997, Psychotropenverordnung 375/1997).
Belgium There are two lists of drugs, in the Royal Decree of 31 December 1930 on narcotic substances (including cannabis, heroin, cocaine, codeine, methadone), and the Royal Decree of 22 January 1998 on psychotropic substances (including some amphetamines, buprenorphine, hallucinogens, MDMA).
Bulgaria Controlled substances are listed in the Annexes to the Law for the control over the narcotic substances and precursors of 3 Oct 1999 and defined in the Regulation for classification of plants and substances as drugs (Approved by Decree _ 293 of 27.10.2011).Â There are three Schedules.Â Schedule 1 (Enclosure 1) lists substances of high risk with no medical or veterinary use, Schedule 2 lists those of high risk but with medical or veterinary use, Schedule 3 lists what are called 'risk' substances (Law for the control over the narcotic substances and precursors of 3 Oct 1999, art. 3(2)).
Croatia Croatia controls substances in the List of drugs, psychotropic substances and plants from which drugs can be extracted, and Precursors, which is is established, and amended, by the Minister of Health. This contains three groups: Group 1 (narcotic drugs and plants from which drugs can be extracted, subdivided into parts 1-3); Group 2 (psychotropic substances and plants, subdivided into parts 1-4); Group 3 (precursors, subdivided into categories 1, 2 and 3).
Cyprus The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Law of 1977 lists three classes of drugs according to harm and level of abuse potential: Class A (methadone, morphine, MDMA, LSD, heroin), Class B (cannabis, codeine, some amphetamines),Class C (amphetamines, sedatives, benzodiazepines, buprenorphine).
Czechia As of Jan 2014, Govt Regulation 463/2013 Coll divides drugs and precursors according to the UN Conventions of 1961, 1971, 1988. The controlled substances are divided into 8 lists/schedules. Schedules 1 – 7 list narcotic and psychotropic substances, Schedule 8 covers preparations containing these drugs. Schedules are updated by the Parliament when it is necessary.
Denmark The Executive Order no. 557 of 31 May 2011 (issued accordingly to the delegation precised in the Euphoriants Act ) lists 5 schedules: A, B, C, D and E.Â Schedule A includes substances such as: cannabis, heroin, prepared opium, etc. Schedule B includes substances such as: cocaine, MDMA, amphetamines, methadone. Schedule C includes substances such as codeine, while schedule D contains barbiturates and schedule E contains tranquillisers.
Estonia Act on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and Precursors thereof, specifies that drugs are to be classified by decrees of the Minister of Social Affairs. Decree No 73 on the procedure for handling of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances (adopted 18.05.2005, entered into force 5.06.2005) contains an annex dividing narcotic drugs into 5 Schedules. Based on the nature of the controls required schedules include (among others): (1) amphetamine, opium, cannabis, MDMA , (2) cocaine, methadone, morphine, (3) codeine, tramadol, (4) diazepam, (5) GBL.
Finland Legal definition of a narcotic substance refers to the substances and preparations mentioned in the 1961 UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances (Narcotics Act 373/2008, s. 3(5)). The law also acknowledges an obligation to monitor certain precursors. The Finnish legal system introduces the concept of very dangerous substances as aggravating circumstances, but no distinction is actually made in law between substances.Pursuant to the Narcotics Act 11289/1993, the Ministry of Social Services and Health shall give decrees on including new substances to the list of controlled substances and their precursors.
France Illicit substances are annexed to two legal acts, both Decree-Laws dated 22 February 1990: 'Arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiant' (narcotic drugs) and 'Arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances psychotropes' (psychotropic drugs). The first act includes 4 lists: List I - narcotic substances such as heroin, cocaine, cannabis, methadone, opium, etc., List II - substances like codeine, propiram, etc.; (Lists I and II correspond to those in the Single Convention of 1961);List III - psychotropic substances of the 1971 Vienna Convention, such as: amphetamines, ecstasy (MDMA), LSD, etc; List IV - substances not controlled at the international level, such as: MBDB, 4-MTA, Ketamine, Nabilone, THC, etc. The second act includes 3 lists: List I - UN71 Schedule III (buprenorphine, cathine) and IV (barbital, diazepam), List II - Preparations (not injectable) containing benzphetamine /mefenorex/ phentermine. Preparations (injectable) containing gamma-hydroxybutyric acid; List III - Zaleplone, zopiclone, buthorphanol, all the preparations containing these substances. Precursors are listed and controlled under Decree Law of 5 December 1996 (Décret n°96-1061 du 5 décembre 1996).
Germany Controlled substances are listed in the Act to Regulate the Trade in Narcotics (BtMG). There are three Schedules. Schedule I contains 'non-marketable narcotics': these are illicit narcotics without current evidence-based medical benefit, e.g. heroin and all ecstasy-type drugs. Schedule II includes 'marketable narcotics, but not available as such on special prescription', e.g. narcotics which are used commercially for the manufacture of other products, particularly pharmaceuticals. These include, inter alia, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and dexamphetamin. Schedule III contains 'marketable narcotics, which are approved for medical use and available on special prescription', these are all narcotic drugs which may be prescribed by physicians, dental surgeons and veterinary surgeons for medical purposes (e.g. opium, morphine and methadone).
Hungary For regulatory purposes, the Governmental Order 142/2004 contains 2 lists of narcotic drugs following Sch.I and II of UN61 (and a third list about medicines not considered as drugs but their trade is subject to a drug activity permission), and 4 lists of psycotropic substances, following Schs. I-IV of UN71.
Ireland The Misuse of Drugs Regulations1988 lists five schedules of drugs, based on the nature of the controls required and the usefulness of the drugs, including: (1) cannabis, LSD, MDMA, (2) cocaine, heroin, methadone, morphine, (3) other psychotropic substances, (phentermine), (4) medicaments (diazepam), (5) specific preparations.
Italy Law by decree 20th March 2014, nr. 36 (converted into law by Law 16 May 2014, nr. 79) defines the system of classification of drugs in four Lists (lists I and III establishing more serious sanctions for substances with higher impact); (lists II and IV establishing less serious sanctions for substances with lower impact, including cannabis) and a new separate list for medicines including those for pain management and detoxification. List I includes opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, hallucinogens, and synthetic drugs which can be linked to cannabis. List II includes all kinds of cannabis. List III includes Barbiturates, List IV incudes Benzodiazepines.
Latvia Cabinet Regulations No 847 adopted 08.11.2005 'Regulations regarding narcotic substances, psychotropic substances and precursors to be controlled in Latvia' (Noteikumi par Latvijā kontrolējamajām narkotiskajām vielām, psihotropajām vielām un prekursoriem) establishes three lists of drugs: Schedule I - prohibited especially dangerous substances and plants (cannabis, amphetamines, heroin, LSD, MDMA); Schedule II - very dangerous substances permitted for medical and scientific use (cocaine, buprenorphine, methadone, morphine); Schedule III - dangerous psychotropic substances that can be abused (diazepam, barbital). Controlled substances are also scheduled in the annex 2 of the Law 'On the Procedures for the Coming into Force and Application of the Criminal Law' (contains four Schedules) that define the maximum amount recognised as small and the minimum amount recognised as large.
Lithuania The Law on the Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances (January 8, 1998 No. VIII – 602 as amended) and the Order of the Minister of Healthcare of the Republic of Lithuania regarding the approval of list of narcotic and psychotropic substances (January 6, 2000 No 5 as amended) list drugs in four Schedules: 1. Plants, narcotic and psychotropic substances prohibited for medical use, because they bring about harmful consequences to human health, when they are being misused (amphetamine, cannabis, heroin, LSD, MDMA, psilocybin); 2. Plants, narcotic and psychotropic substances, used for health care purposes, which are very dangerous to human health due to the harmful consequences when these substances are misused (buprenorphine, cocaine, codeine, methadone, morphine); 3. Plants and psychotropic substances used for health care purposes, which are dangerous to human health due to the harmful consequences of the misuse of these substances (diazepam, ketamine, phenazepam); 4. narcotic and psychotropic substances, which can be used for health care purposes and (or) by non-pharmaceutical industry, which are dangerous to human health due to the harmful consequences of the misuse of these substances (GBL, 1,4-Butanediol).
Luxembourg Classification of drugs is regulated by the Grand Ducal decrees, which cover narcotic drugs, toxic and psychotropic substances and precursors. These are primarily the decree of 4 March 1974 and amendments concerning toxic substances; the decree of 20 March 1974 and amendments concerning psychotropic substances; the decree of 26 March 1974 and amendments concerning narcotic substances and the decrees of 8 May 1993 and 30 January 2004 and amendments concerning precursors, in addition to several laws adopting the UN conventions.
Malta The Dangerous Drugs Ordinance deals with narcotic drugs. The drugs: opium, coca leaves and cannabis are specifically mentioned in the substantive provisions. Following this, provisions covering all other dangerous drugs including cocaine and morphine follow. The first schedule of this Ordinance applies to preparations containing any of the drugs listed within the Schedule. It is separated into three Parts, effectively the same as Schedules 1-3 of the 1961 UN Convention. The third Schedule lists precursors under international control, divided into Tables I and II appropriately. Additionally, the Medical and Kindred Professions Ordinance in the Third Schedule deals with psychotropic drugs, it is divided into Parts A and B; respectively, those substances which do not have recognized medical usage, and those which do.
Netherlands Illegal substances are annexed to the Opium Act and divided in two schedules: substances presenting unacceptable risks and other substances. Schedule I, 'drugs presenting unacceptable risks', includes, among others, opiates, cocaine, cannabis oil, codeine, amphetamines and LSD. Schedule II includes tranquillizers and barbiturates as well as cannabis (without the qualification of unacceptability).
Norway The Civil Penal Code and the Act relating to Medicines (no. 132 of 4. December 1992) do not define the term 'drugs'. The Act relating to Medicines, in Â§ 22, empowers the King to determine what substances shall be deemed to be narcotic drugs. The King has then empowered the Director of Health (as from 1 January 2001, the Norwegian Medicines Agency) who has laid down a detailed list of narcotics, cf. the Regulation relating to narcotics etc. (The Narcotics' List of 30. June 1978, no 8). Included in the national narcotic drug list are all the psychotropic substances (cf. Convention on Psychotropic Substances) and narcotic drugs (cf. Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs). The Regulation of 1978 gives one alphabetical list in table format, showing the import/export requirements, whether or not the drug is banned, and any special exemptions or provisions.
Poland The Act of 29 July 2005 on counteracting drug addiction includes two appendices. The first one covers the list list of narcotic substances that are divided into following groups: I-N, II-N, III-N and IV-N. The seond one covers the list of psychotropic substances that are divided into following groups: I-P, II-P, III-P and IV-P. All the lists and relevant groups follow the pattern used in the international agreements. The Act refers directly to the Regulation 273/2004/EC as regards precursors.
Portugal Controlled substances are annexed to the main drug law Decree Law 15/93 included in 6 lists, regularly updated by decree laws. List 1 is divided into opiates; coca derivatives; Cannabis and derivatives. List 2 is divided into Hallucinogenic; Amphetamines; Barbiturates. List 3 contains preparations with controlled substances; List 4 tranquillisers and analgesics and lists 5 and 6 contain precursors.
Romania The Law no. 143/2000 as amended lists the illicit substances under control, in Art. 1, as follows: (1) High risk drugs – Schedules I and II; (2) Risk drugs – Schedule III; (3) Precursors/substances frequently used in drugs manufacturing – Schedule IV. Consequently, the Law is accompanied by 4 Schedules. Additionally, the Law no. 339/2005 sets up the judicial regime regarding the cultivation, production, manufacture, storage, trade, distribution, transportation, possession, provision, transmitting, mediation, purchase, use and transiting the national territory of the plants (wild or cultivated), substances and preparations listed in Schedules I, II and III in the annex of the law. Substances from the licit circuit are classified according to the recognized value for medicine, as follows: (1) Schedule I – plants, substances and preparations containing forbidden psychotropic and narcotic substances, without any recognized interest for medicine; (2) Schedule II – plants, substances and preparations containing forbidden psychotropic and narcotic substances with a recognized interest for medicine, subject to a strict control; (3) Schedule III – plants, substances and preparations containing forbidden psychotropic and narcotic substances with a recognized interest for medicine, subject to control.
Slovakia Controlled substances are listed in the Act No. 139/1998 'Collection of laws on Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Matters and Substances' (ZÁKON o omamných látkach, psychotropných látkach a prípravkoch) that came into effect on June 1st 1999. The general criterion for classification is the health impact of a particular substance. Substances are grouped in three categories, which include salts of narcotic drugs whenever they exist. First Group includes cannabis, heroin, LSD, MDMA. Second Group includes cocaine, amphetamine, methadone. Third Group includes buprenorphine, codeine.
Slovenia On the basis of the Production of and Trade in Illicit Drugs Act 108/1999, the Decree on the Classification of Illicit Drugs was adopted in 2000 (uredbo o razvrstitvi prepovedanih drog, decree No. 49/2000, with further amendments). The Decree divides drugs into groups I, II, and III according to their medicinal use and according to the level of risk to human health as a possible result of their abuse. The list of groups of drugs is a component part of the Decree and is updated with new drugs as required. Group I: plants and substances which are very dangerous to human health due to the severe consequences which can result from their abuse and which are not used in medicine (heroin, cocaine, opium poppy concentrate, cannabis/THC, PCP, MDMA, MDA, MDE, khat, mescaline, psilocybin, etc); Group II: plants and substances considered highly dangerous, due to the severe consequences which can result from their abuse, and which can be used in medicine (cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, opium, morphine, codeine, methadone, buprenorphine, etc.); Group III: plants and substances of medium danger, due to the consequences which can result from their abuse, and which can be used in medicine (mostly barbiturate and non-barbiturate hypnotics and anti-epileptics, benzodiazepine anxyolitics and hypnotics, and stimulants and anorectics /arylalkylamin and others/ such as: GHB and 2 C-B).
Spain There is no specific list or schedule where the controlled drugs are classified. Judicial authorities refer directly - for the interpretation and application of the laws in accordance with the art. 2 of the Order of 8th July 1967 (no 17/1967) and art. 1 of the Royal Decree 2829/1977 - to the schedules of narcotics drugs and psychotropic substances included, respectively, in the 1961 Single Convention and in the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances.
Sweden The term 'narcotic drugs' is defined in Section 8 of the Act on Penal Law on Narcotics (1968:64): narcotic drugs are considered to be medicines or substances hazardous to health with addictive properties, or inducing a state of euphoria, which the Government has declared to be 'narcotic drugs' within the meaning of the Act. The Ordinance on Prohibition of Certain Goods Dangerous to Health (1999:58) lists substances under control but which are not classified as narcotics. It is common that those substances become classified as narcotic drugs after further investigation. For substances already classified as narcotic drugs, the Medical Products Agency Regulation 2000:7 (amending Ministry of Health Regulation 1997:12) has five lists.I: drugs without medicinal use (cannabis, heroin, MDMA, LSD); II: drugs with a limited medicinal use and a high risk of addiction (amphetamines, cocaine, methadone); III: drugs with medicinal use and a risk of addiction (codeine); IV: drugs with medicinal use and a low risk of addiction (barbiturates, benzodiazepines, buprenorphine); V: drugs prohibited in Sweden but not internationally.
Drugs are classified under three main titles;
Turkish Criminal Code No 5237 Dated on 26.09.2004,
Law No 2313 on Controlling Narcotic Drugs Dated on 12.06.1933,
Law No 3298 on Narcotic Drugs Dated on 03.06.1986
Provisions on scratched and unscratched opium capsules, raw opium, medical opium, opium alkaloids with morphine content, their salts, esters and ethers, coca leaf and its alkaloids, their salts, esters and ethers are regulated in the Law No 3298 on Narcotic Drugs
Drugs and stimulants are specified in the Law No 2313 on Controlling Narcotic Drugs. Those substances not listed but that are newly identified as drugs are included in Article 19 of the same law through announcement in Official Gazette by the Ministry of Health pursuant to the Presidential Decree
Article of the Law states in which Official Gazette these substances are published and when there is a need, substances can be checked in those lists.
United Kingdom The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 determines three classes for misuse, based on the level of harm caused: Class A (cocaine, methadone, morphine, MDMA, LSD, heroin), Class B (cannabis, codeine, some amphetamines, mephedrone, synthetic cannabinoids), Class C (amphetamines, benzodiazepines, buprenorphine, GHB/GBL, BZP, anabolic steroids). Additionally, the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 denote five schedules for regulatory purposes: I: including cannabis, hallucinogens; II: including most opiates, cocaine; III: including some barbiturates, some stimulants; IV: benzodiazepines and anabolic steroids; V: preparations.