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1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IEC Third edition BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION Protection against electric shock Common aspects for installation and equipment This English-language version is derived from the original bilingual publication by leaving out all French-language pages. Missing page numbers correspond to the Frenchlanguage pages. Reference number IEC 61140:2001(E)
2 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IEC Third edition BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION Protection against electric shock Common aspects for installation and equipment IEC 2001 Copyright - all rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland Telephone: Telefax: Web: Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission Международная Электротехническая Комиссия PRICE CODE For price, see current catalogue X
3 61140 IEC: CONTENTS FOREWORD... 7 INTRODUCTION Scope Normative references Definitions Fundamental rule of protection against electric shock Normal conditions Single-fault conditions Protection by two independent protective provisions Protection by an enhanced protective provision Special cases Protective provisions (elements of protective measures) Provisions for basic protection Basic insulation Barriers or enclosures Obstacles Placing out of arm's reach Limitation of voltage Limitation of steady-state touch current and charge Potential grading Other provisions Provisions for fault protection Supplementary insulation Protective-equipotential-bonding Protective screening Indication and disconnection in high-voltage installations and systems Automatic disconnection of supply Simple separation (between circuits) Non-conducting environment Potential grading Other provisions Enhanced protective provisions Reinforced insulation Protective-separation between circuits Limited-current-source Protective impedance device Other provisions Protective measures Protection by automatic disconnection of supply Protection by double or reinforced insulation Protection by equipotential bonding Protection by electrical separation Protection by non-conducting environment (low-voltage) Protection by SELV... 51
4 61140 IEC: Protection by PELV Protection by limitation of steady-state touch current and charge Protection by other measures Co-ordination of electrical equipment and of protective provisions within an electrical installation Class 0 equipment Insulation Class I equipment Insulation Protective-equipotential-bonding Accessible surfaces of parts of insulating material Connection of a protective conductor Class II equipment Insulation Protective bonding Marking Class III equipment Voltages Protective bonding Marking Touch currents, protective conductor currents, leakage currents Touch currents Protective conductor currents Other requirements Safety and boundary clearances and warning labels for high-voltage installations Special operating and servicing conditions Devices to be operated manually and components intended to be replaced manually Devices to be operated or components intended to be replaced by ordinary persons in low-voltage installations, systems and equipment Devices to be operated or components intended to be replaced by skilled or instructed persons Electrical values after isolation Annex A (informative) Survey of protective measures as implemented by protective provisions Annex B (informative) Values of maximum a.c. limits of protective conductor currents for cases a) and b) Annex C (informative) Index of definitions... 77
5 61140 IEC: INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK COMMON ASPECTS FOR INSTALLATION AND EQUIPMENT FOREWORD 1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees. 3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. 6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC has been prepared by IEC technical committee 64: Electrical installations and protection against electric shock. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 1997, and constitutes a technical revision. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS 64/1191/FDIS Report on voting 64/1202/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. Annexes A, B and C are for information only.
6 61140 IEC: The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed; withdrawn; replaced by a revised edition, or amended.
7 61140 IEC: INTRODUCTION This International Standard is a Basic Safety Publication intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles of IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
8 61140 IEC: PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK COMMON ASPECTS FOR INSTALLATION AND EQUIPMENT 1 Scope This International Standard applies to the protection of persons and animals against electric shock. It is intended to give fundamental principles and requirements which are common to electrical installations, systems and equipment or necessary for their co-ordination. This standard has been prepared for installations, systems and equipment without a voltage limit. NOTE There are some clauses in this standard which refer to low-voltage and high-voltage systems, installations and equipment. For the purpose of this standard, low -voltage is any rated voltage up to and including V a.c. or V d.c. High voltage is any rated voltage exceeding V a.c. or V d.c. The requirements of this standard apply only if they are incorporated, or are referred to, in the relevant standards. It is not intended to be used as a stand-alone standard. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 60050(131): International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 131: Electric and magnetic circuits IEC 60050(195): 1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Part 195: Earthing and protection against electric shock Amendment 1 (2001) IEC 60050(351):1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 351: Automatic control IEC 60050(826):1982, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Chapter 826: Electrical installations of buildings Amendment 2 (1995) IEC :1993, Insulation co-ordination Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules IEC :1996, Insulation co-ordination Part 2: Application guide IEC , Electrical installations of buildings Part 4: Protection for safety Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock IEC :1995, Electrical installations of buildings Part 4: Protection for safety Chapter 44: Protection against overvoltages Section 443: Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to switching
9 61140 IEC: IEC :1980, Electrical installations of buildings Part 5: Selection and erection of electrical equipment Chapter 54: Earthing arrangements and protective conductors IEC :1986, Electrical installations of buildings Part 6: Verification Chapter 61: Initial verification IEC , Graphical symbols for use on equipment Part 2: Symbol originals IEC 60446:1999, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification Identification of conductors by colours or numerals IEC :1994, Effects of current on human beings and livestock Part 1: General aspects IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) IEC (all parts), Medical electrical equipment IEC :1988, Medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements for safety IEC :1992, Insulation co-ordination for equipment within low-voltage systems Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests IEC (all parts), Classification of environmental conditions IEC 60990:1999, Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current IEC 61201:1992, Extra-low-voltage (ELV) Limit values ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects Guidelines for their inclusion in standards IEC Guide 104:1997, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications