Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/300476259/000054-14-CEN-TS-en-2004
Timestamp: 2018-12-19 08:59:08
Document Index: 629100994

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 14', 'art 14', 'arty 8', 'art 1', 'art 17', 'art 3', 'art 1', 'art 4', 'art 10', 'art 13', 'art 7', 'art 2', 'art 5', 'art 11', 'art 12']

000054.14_CEN TS-en_2004
Mm Final Expo
Tarea Ejemplos Estabilidad de Taludes
Kegiatan Survey Jalan
skema Kapar Ampu
DIA DEL NIÑO EP 188
58f6d640af9c0.pdf
PCN's ciencias humanas.pdf
my ppt9
framework for standard10c
02_materiales_basicos.pdf
Fichas de Maratón- Asociacion de Estados Del Caribe (AEC-ACS)
AND 605-2016.pdf
Light Assessment Readings GMP
2_CARA MELENGKAPI (MEMPERBAHARUI) DATA KEANGGOTAAN.pdf
Deshidratado de Papa
Uso de Gel Como Ahorrador de Agua en Macetas
Darell Fokko Oehlers Janine Ruby Foeboe Nguyen Groningen Scientology cult
8612 - მზია სურგულაძე - მარი ბროსე - საქართველოს ისტორიის დოკუმენტური წყაროების მომპოვებელი და პუბლიკატორი
ICS:13.220.20
ΕΛΟΤ CEN/TS 54.14
Συστήµατα πυρανίχνευσης και συναγερµού - Μέρος 14: Κατευθυντήριες γραµµές για
προγραµµατισµό, σχεδιασµό, εγκατάσταση, θέση σε λειτουργία, χρήση και συντήρηση
Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 14: Guidelines for planning, design, installation,
commissioning, use and maintenance
Κλάση Τιµολόγησης: 20
Εθνικός Πρόλογος
Αυτό είναι το Φύλλο Επικύρωσης
του εγκεκριµένου Ευρωπαϊκού
This Endorsement Sheet ratifies
CEN/TS 54-14 : 2004
ως Ελληνικού Προτύπου.
Το πρότυπο αυτό διατίθεται στην
Αγγλική, ή Γαλλική ή Γερµανική
γλώσσα από τον Ελληνικό
Oργανισµό Τυποποίησης Α.Ε.
This standard is available in
English, French or German from
the Hellenic Organization for
Standardization S.A.
Fire detection and fire alarm systems - Part 14: Guidelines for
planning, design, installation, commissioning, use and
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme incendie - Partie 14:
Guide d'application pour la planification, la conception,
Brandmeldeanlagen - Teil 14: Leitfaden für Planung,
Projektierung, Montage, Inbetriebnahme, Betrieb und
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 29 April 2004 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
Ref. No. CEN/TS 54-14:2004: E
................................................................14 Warranties and guarantees.........................17 Compartment cover...............................................................................................................................17 Equipment cover....................................................1 5.............................................3.................19 6 6...8 4 4.......................13 Safety requirements ....................................................................................................................................................20 Compatibility ..20 Other fire protection systems .........................20 System design ..............................................................................................................................................................................................17 Total cover.............................................................................7 5....................3 5.........................................................................3...........................................4 5.....................................6 5................................................................................1 6...........................................................................................................................................................3 5........................................................21 Zones ................8 3 Terms and definitions ......................................................5 4......................17 Escape route cover.......................................14 Documentation..........................................15 5 5................................7 4...............................1......................19 Responsibility ..............4.........................................................................................2 5..........................6 5.1 6.............3..............5 5.........................................4 Planning and design....2........................CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Contents Page Foreword...........18 Communications.....................................................................................................................2 4.7 5........................................................................................................................7 1 Scope ....................................18 Attendance time .........1 5............................................................................................................................................................................2..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................15 Consultation .............................................................................................21 2 .................................2 5.....................................................................................3................................................................3............2 6..........................................................2...........................................................................................................................................................................3.....................................................................................4 6.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 4..................................................................................................................................................................2..........15 Responsibility ....................................21 General..............................3...................................20 Fault effects...........................................................................................2 6...................4 5....................................................................................................15 Parts of the building needing cover ...................................1 6...................18 Fire brigade attendance ...1 5..4..................................................................................2 5...................3.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................16 Extent of cover ...5 6...........................6 Introduction ....................................2 6........3 6..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 6........................................................................4 4.............21 Selection of detectors and manual call points ...................................................................................................................................................................................................13 Guideline format ...............................18 Areas not needing cover...............................................18 Fire alarm response strategy ............................................................................3........................................................................................20 False alarms ..........8 General......................16 Description of extent ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................15 Purpose....................19 Qualifications .....................................................................................................20 Devices connected to the system ..............17 Local cover ...............................................8 5......5 5......................................1 4...........................................21 Detection zones ...........................................................................................................................1 6............................................................................................21 Alarm zones .........3........................................................................................................................................6 4....................................6 6...................................................18 Documentation..............20 Components .....................8 Assessment of needs......................................................3 6.....15 Qualifications ..............2......................................................................................................................13 Guideline usage ....................3..........14 False alarms ...........................................................................................................................8 2 Normative references ....................................................................................20 Hazardous atmospheres .....................2...............................20 Special risks ..............
..........24 Heat and smoke detectors ...................8 6............25 General....2 7...29 Protection against electromagnetic interference ................................30 Cable ducts................................................................................................CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 6........................................5 6................23 Manual call points....................2 6....................................3........................................................................................13 6..................2 6...................2 6......................................................31 Qualifications ................................................................................................................................5 8....2 7....................................................................................................................................33 3 ................1 6.......22 Heat detectors ...32 General.........3 7............................................................................5....11 6................................................... channels and trunking .................................11..........................27 Main power source ..............................................................11........1 6................................3..................................................................................................................23 Flame detectors ..........................6 7.................................................27 Fire brigade panel..32 Responsibility ...........................................................................25 Identification ...................3.......................................................3 6....................................................................12 6.................................................................................................................31 Responsibility ................................................................................................2 6..................3.......3 6.....7 6....3 6...................30 Siting and accommodation of equipment ................................................................................32 Commissioning ................6 Commissioning and verification ..................26 Alarm location aids.....................................................................................4 6...........................................................................................................................................................................................................26 Location of control and indicating equipment .....................................................................................................6.................30 General................................5 6..7.27 Power supply equipment .........................................................1 7...............................5 7....7............1 8.......................................................................29 Protection against fire........................................31 8 8.............................5 6....8........................................................................................................11...................4 8.......................................................2.......................................................................3 6...........................................................................................................................................................6..............................................26 Repeat controls............................15 Detectors ........................32 Verification ...............................................33 Qualifications ...................................................................................9 6.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6.....................................................................................................................................................5.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................2 6......32 Documentation..........................................................................................................................................................4....................................................26 Control and indication...........1 6.................................................5 6..........................27 Signals to a fire alarm receiving station..................29 Responsibility .........................4 7...........25 Visual fire alarm devices.....................................................27 Power supplies .............................................................................................30 Cable routing......................................4..........................................................................31 Radioactivity ..................................8.............................24 Siting and spacing of detectors and manual call points .........................26 Repeat indications...........................................................1 6...............30 Siting .........................30 Precautions against spread of fire...........................................................................................................................................28 Cables and interconnections.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................2 6......................................7.......................7.................................31 Cable joints and terminations ......................................5 7.................................31 Documentation.................................1 6...............................................................2 8........................................6 6................2............4 7..........................1 7................3 8...24 Manual call points...........................................................21 Smoke detectors.................................................................................................1 7...........................................................10 6................4............................30 Hazardous areas ......................................................................................4............................3.................30 Qualifications .................30 Cable installation ...........................................................................................................................................................................................29 Protection against mechanical damage ..........7 Installation ...........................30 General.............................General......................................................................................................14 6................................................................................................................25 Sound signals ................................................................................................................................................29 Cable types.......28 Other equipment or systems ..............................................4.................24 Flame detectors ...................................................................................................................24 General......................................................5...33 9 Third party approval .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................4 6...8............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 7...................1 6.....................................................................................................5..........................................................3 6.........................................................................2 7.....................25 Alarm systems and devices ......................4 6.......................................................................................................29 Documentation....................................................3 6.................................................................30 7 7.....27 Standby supply ...............7......5......
........36 Prevention of unwanted activation during routine testing...........................40 Atrium buildings ..............................................................................................38 Extent of compliance..........................................................38 12 12.............................................................................................................................................................5 14...............................................................................34 Periodic inspection by an approving body ..2 9......................................................................................................................................................................33 Authorities having jurisdiction........2.........................................................39 14 14...................................2 11......38 Qualifications .......................................................33 Approval by more than one body ................................................34 Special tests (on-site testing)...........38 General..................................1 10..4 A...................................................2.......................................................39 Responsibility ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................33 Approval by authorities and others ...................................................1 13........5 9.33 Approval procedures.............37 Spares ............................................................................................................................................3 11................................3 9........................................................................................................................................................................41 16 Hierarchical systems.........4..................................................................35 Documentation................41 Responsibility ..................................................1 A.....................................................................................................7 11..............................................................41 Outdoor areas .........................................................................................2..........................................3 14...............................................................34 Qualifications .......................................................34 General...2.................................36 Prevention of false alarms during routine testing .............................34 Documentation..................7 Applications in special risks ......................................39 General..............................35 10 10.................................................................................................2 14...................................................43 Assessment of needs.....................................34 Testing of operation .....3..............................................2...............................................2 A.....................................................................................37 Documentation............................................................40 High-rack warehouses ........................2 11....................................................................................6 11.........................1 9...........................................3 9......................................CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 9...............................4 11.........................3 11..............1 11....8 Maintenance .....................................................1 9...............................................3 9.........................38 Third party approval ....................................................................37 Repair and modification...................................................................43 Purpose.........1 11...................................................................................................................33 Insurance organisations ....4 9...............................................................2 Operation of other fire protection systems.............................43 Definitions ...............3 A..................................................................................................................................37 Special servicing ...............................................3.....38 Responsibility .............................................................................................................1 9...........................................................................................................................................4...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................41 Annex A..2 9....................................................................36 Inspection and servicing.......................................43 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 A............................................36 Maintenance routine........2...........3................3 Modification or extension of an installed system ............................................................................1 A (informative) Specific recommendations .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 14...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 9......................................................................2 9.......................................................................................35 Responsibility .......................................................................................39 General..............................................................38 13 13..............................................5 11...........................................................................................................................................................3.........................5 General..................................................33 Inspection and testing............................................................................4 14........................................................5..........................................43 General...........................33 General.................................................................................................................36 11 11.............................................43 Usage of the guidelines ...................................................................2 Use of the system .............4 9.....................................................................................................36 General..............................................................................4......................................................1 12......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................40 Hazardous areas .............................3....6 14..........................................39 Electronic data processing areas .........34 Documentation...........2 9.....................43 4 .........................................................................2 12..........................................................................................5 A........................................................................................................................................41 15 Integrated systems ........................................43 Normative references ..............................
..........................................3 A........................4 Flame detectors ........59 Documentation.6...............56 Use of the system ......43 Planning and design.........................57 General.............................................................9 Investigation of false alarms ..51 Control and indication..................................................................11..............................................................47 Alarm systems and devices ......................................................................................................2 A.................1 A...........................................................6 Pre-alarm warnings ..................16 Consultation ..............................55 General.........................................................................8 A....................................................................................................6...........................................................................................................................................................57 Inspection and servicing..................2 Smoke detectors.....................4 A.................................3 A............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................11.....1 A..................................................................................2 A......................56 Third party approval .........6 A.............9 A...........................59 Annex B (informative) False alarms ..........................................................................................................................................................60 B.......57 Special servicing .......................................................11..........................................................................................................................46 Selection of detectors and manual call points ................................................13 A...45 System design ..........................................................................................................................................6 A..........................................................................15 A...................................................................................................................................................................................3 A.................................................................................................62 B..........................................................8 A.................................................................................7..............................................56 Maintenance ..........6..........................................14 A...............................7 A.............................54 Installation ..................................................................................................................59 Modification or extension of an installed system .............................................7 Activity related systems...................4 A...............................................................................................................6................58 Repair and modification...............60 B.....................................12 A..61 B......................................63 B.....................................5 Multi-phenomena systems.....................................6 A.................................6........53 Power supplies .....10 A...55 Siting and accommodation of equipment .....................2 A...........................................................................................................1 A..............................59 Integrated systems ........2 A.................................60 B...............................................................................................................7..................................................59 Application in special risks ..............11.............59 Operation of other fire protection systems...........................................................11...54 Cables and interconnections..........5....................................................................1 Prevention of false alarms .......................................43 Part of the building needing cover ....9 A..............11 A....................................................3 A.........................................3 Heat detectors ..........61 B.................................71 Bibliography ......................................................................................65 Annex D (informative) Model list of fire loadings for different cable types..........................................................................53 Signals to a fire alarm receiving station.........................61 B...................................................................61 B........11.......................................................................................6................................................................6................................45 Zones .....................................................................................................................54 Other equipment or systems .......................................................................................59 Hierarchical systems...........................................46 Siting and spacing of detectors and manual call points .............................8 Pre-transmission confirmation .......................6..............................................................58 Spares ...........................................................................5 A...............................6...............................................................76 5 .............................7...................................................................64 Annex C (informative) Model documents....................................................................................................................................6.................................55 Commissioning and verification ...................................5.......................................................................................................................5 A....................................................10 A.....................................................................................................................................................7 A...............CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) A..................................................................55 Cable installation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria. Germany. Portugal. Slovakia. Spain. France. Norway.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Foreword This document (CEN/TS 54-14:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 72 “Fire detection and fire alarm systems”. Belgium. This document has been prepared in cooperation with the CEA (Comité Européen des Assurances) and with EURALARM (Association of European Manufacturers of Fire and Intruder Alarm Systems). Hungary. Ireland. 6 . Italy. Czech Republic. Denmark. Switzerland and United Kingdom. Luxembourg. This document is part of the EN 54 series of standards. Finland. Malta. the secretariat of which is held by BSI. Netherlands. Iceland. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations. Greece. Sweden.
use and maintenance for fire detection and fire alarm systems throughout Europe. and have no direct power. Detailed recommendations by which these principles may be satisfied are given in Annexes. 7 . design. commissioning. They can however be made mandatory by being specified within another document which is itself mandatory. For example. and are a matter for whichever organisation has the necessary authorities. It is not intended that these guidelines should override existing documents. The intention of this document is to draw together these many different documents. installation. an authority having power under local or national legislation can require compliance with the guidelines. It is expected for a considerable (and as yet unspecified) period that these guidelines will coexist with the other documents.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) Introduction Guidelines covering fire detection and fire alarm systems are published by many different organisations within Europe. so as to provide a unified set of guidelines which can give a reasonable Technical Specification of planning. The detailed methods by which recommendations become mandatory are not specified within this document. The main principles on which the guidelines are based are given in the body of the standard. But it is hoped that the availability of a common set of guidelines will assist in the gradual harmonisation of practice and standards of fire detection and fire alarm systems throughout Europe. or a contract between a purchaser and a supplier can specify compliance (which may then become mandatory for that system under contract law). The recommendations within these guidelines are not of themselves mandatory.
For undated references.4 approval agreement by a third party that the installed system satisfies the requirements of the third party 8 . Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 1: Introduction 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document. in the event of a fire. The guidelines do not recommend whether or not an automatic fire detection and/or fire alarm system should be installed in any given premises.1 acceptance decision that the installed system meets the requirements of a previously agreed specification 3. The guidelines cover systems with at least one fire detector. the terms and definitions given in EN 54-1:1996 and the following apply. but the guidelines do not cover the ancillary services themselves. EN 54-1:1996. The Technical Specification covers planning. only the edition cited applies. The systems may be capable of providing signals to initiate. It has been assumed in the drafting of this Part of EN 54 that the execution of its provisions will been trusted to appropriately competent persons. the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. However. design.2 alarm load maximum power (normally electrical) that might be required under the fire condition 3.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 1 Scope This document provides guidelines for the application of automatic fire detection and fire alarm systems in and around buildings. 2 Normative references The following referenced document is indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references. use and maintenance of the systems. The guidelines cover systems intended for the protection of life and/or the protection of property. The guidelines do not cover systems combining fire alarm functions with other non-fire related functions.3 ancillary equipment equipment which can initiate or be initiated by the fire detection and alarm system 3. the operation of ancillary equipment (such as fixed fire extinguishing systems) and other precautions and actions (such as machinery shutdown). guidance is also given to other persons purchasing or using a fire detection or fire alarm system. 3. installation. commissioning.
9 commissioning process by which it is verified that the installed system meets the defined requirements 3.8 circuit interconnected assembly of cables. has the necessary knowledge.13 designer person or organisation taking responsibility for the work outlined in Clause 6 3.15 fault failure within the system in such a way as to jeopardise the correct functioning of the system 9 .5 approval body body accepted by an authority having jurisdiction or other competent organisation as having the expertise necessary to assess the compliance of the installed system with this standard 3.11 competent person person who. without the possibility of control by the link. national or European legislation 3. skill and experience to complete the work satisfactorily and without danger or injury to any person 3. regional. NOTE 2 If two or more cables are directly linked together inside the control and indicating equipment. components and elements.7 beam detector more commonly used term for 'smoke detector . in relation to the work undertaken.10 commissioning engineer person who carries out the process of commissioning 3.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 3. connected to the control and indicating equipment at both ends).12 component device which is defined as a component type I or component type II in EN 54-13 3.6 authority having jurisdiction body having powers provided under local.line detector using a transmitted light beam' (see EN 54-12) 3.14 false alarm fire alarm caused by reasons other than fire NOTE Information on false alarms is given in Annex B. 3. 3. terminated at the control and indicating equipment in such a way that its only connection to other parts of the fire detection and alarm system is through the control and indicating equipment and controlled by the control and indicating equipment NOTE 1 A circuit may have more than one link to the control and indicating equipment (as in a loop circuit. then they are part of the same circuit.
26 installation work of fixing and interconnecting the components and elements of a system.23 fire signal signal intended to indicate the occurrence of a fire 3.16 fault signal signal intended to indicate the occurrence of a fault 3.19 fire alarm visual. and in which the main control and indicating equipment is able to: a) receive signals from and/or transmit signals to subsidiary control and indicating equipment. 3.18 fire pyrolysis or combustion needing investigation and/or corrective action in order to prevent danger to life or property 3.24 hierarchical system networked system in which one control and indicating equipment is designated as the main control and indicating equipment. its functioning and its indications are manually checked at pre-determined intervals 3.2) 3. Installation may be carried out by one or more parties (also see 8.17 fault warning fault signal perceptible to a person 3.27 installed system system after installation and commissioning has been completed 10 .20 fire alarm response strategy pre-planned procedures which are expected to be followed when a fire alarm occurs 3. b) indicate the status of the subsidiary control and indicating equipment. audible or tactile indication of fire 3.22 fire compartment compartment whose boundary components are required by regulations to have a defined fire resistance 3.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 3.21 fire attendance time between alarm and arrival of trained fire fighters 3.25 inspection routine processes by which the system.
carrying active indications which are directly related to the building layout 3.31 mimic diagram diagrammatic representation of the building.32 national document document.28 installer person or organisation having responsibility for all or part of the process of installation 3. servicing and repair necessary in order to maintain the efficient operation of the installed system 3.37 quiescent condition condition of the installed system when it is supplied by power from its main power source.35 purchaser person or organisation taking primary responsibility for payment for the installed system 3.29 integrated system system in which the fire detection and alarm functions are integrated with other non-fire functions 3.40 search distance distance that a person has to travel within the affected zone in order to visually determine the position of the fire 11 . giving national recommendations or requirements for installed systems. fault warnings or disablements 3. regional or local standards for competence 3.33 networked system fire detection and fire alarm system in which several control and indicating equipment are interconnected and able to exchange information 3. and has no indicated fire alarms.39 repeat indicating panel panel which replicates all or some of the indications of the control and indicating equipment.36 qualified satisfying any relevant national. 3.34 pre-warning warning given when the signal from a sensor exceeds the normal level but has not yet reached the fire level 3.38 repair non-routine work necessary to restore the efficient operation of the installed system 3. but not having general application within all CEN countries 3.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 3.30 maintenance work of inspection. published by a national standards body.
44 third party body or organisation other than the installer.46 verification process by which the installer or other contractor satisfies the customer that the installed system meets the defined requirements 3.47 zone geographical sub-division of the protected premises in which a function may be carried out separately from any other sub-division NOTE 1 The function may. adjustment and replacement) carried out at pre-determined intervals 3. 3. covering one or more individual zones 3. supplier or customer 3.the giving of a fire alarm (alarm zone).CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 3. for instance. NOTE 2 Zoning for different functions need not be identical.49 zone map diagram showing the geographic boundaries of zones and.42 standby load power taken by the system under failure of the main power source but otherwise quiescent condition 3.41 servicing routine processes of work on the system (including cleaning. be: .45 user person or organisation having control of the building (or part of the building) in which the fire detection and alarm system is installed 3. 3. then that organisation is called the system supplier. if necessary access routes to zones 12 .43 supplier organisation from which all or part of the hardware and/or software for the installed system is purchased NOTE If all the hardware and/or software for an installed system is purchased from a single organisation.the indication of the occurrence of a fire (detection zone). . re-alignment.48 zone card portable zone map.
11). It is assumed that the first step in the design process is to assess the needs of the building for fire detection and fire alarm (see Clause 5). This may include: d) the selection of detector type and siting for the various parts of the building.2 Guideline format It is appreciated that the guidelines cannot cover every possible case that might arise.4. rather than giving requirements on what “shall” be done. 4. Once the system has been handed over to the purchaser. design. The guidelines assume that initial commissioning will be done by a contractor. In this form they are not mandatory. installation.1. Some systems will require approval by a third party. they specify what “should” be done.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 4 General 4. b) the type of system to be installed. use and maintenance of fire detection and fire alarm systems. These guidelines do not give recommendations on whether or not third party approval is necessary. The second step is planning and design of the system (see Clause 6). following which verification will be carried out in association with the purchaser or his agent. e) subdivision of the building into detection and/or alarm zones. maintenance and servicing (see Clause 10. but are believed to provide a suitable basis for the provision and usage of good systems. provided that they have been discussed and agreed between all interested parties (see 5. g) the provision of power supplies. satisfactory performance will depend on proper usage. The third step is the process of mounting and interconnecting the equipment (see Clause 7). Also see A. Since the recommendations are not mandatory. These guidelines have been drawn up as if the provision and use of an installed system will follow the pattern shown in Figure 1. but do give recommendations on how it should be carried out (see Clause 9). This may include an assessment of: a) whether part or all of the building is to be protected. commissioning.1 Guideline usage These guidelines provide recommendations for planning. The fourth step is the commissioning of the system and verification of correct operation (see Clause 8). For this reason. departure from the recommendations are possible.2). 13 . c) the interaction of the system with other fire protection measures. f) provision for control of the system and for the display of its indications.
b) date(s) from which the warranty will operate. 4. responsibility for the work.4 False alarms False alarms can be expensive in disruption of the building operations. such as requirements for electrical safety. and the performance of the installed system may be guaranteed by one of the organisations responsible for supply. and may lead to a real alarm being ignored. Guidance on the causes and prevention of false alarms is given in Annex B. installers and users and/or owners to avoid false alarms. and should at least specify: a) organisation responsible for fulfilling the warranty. and documentation to be carried on from one stage to the next.3 Safety requirements There may be national or European requirements related to the safety of the system. design or installation. but will also need information derived from previous work. 14 . 4.5 Warranties and guarantees In addition to any warranties required by legislation. That organisation will have its own expertise. These requirements are not covered in these guidelines. Any warranty should be in written form. 4.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Initial concept Assessment of needs Planning and design Installation Commissioning and verification Third party approval (optional) Use Maintenance Figure 1 — Idealized system flow chart The guidelines are written as if each of the processes covered in Figure 1 is carried out by a different organisation. It is essential that the utmost care should be taken by system designers. the equipment for installed systems will usually be guaranteed by manufacturers or suppliers. So at each stage the guidelines give recommendations on qualifications of personnel or organisations.
7 Responsibility Responsibility for the planning. After handover of the system.4 to be supplied to the person responsible for the use of the premises.  fire risk insurer. There may be national requirements for qualifications. experienced and qualified. 4. responsibility for the maintenance of the initial performance will normally be taken by the user and/or owner of the system. routine attention and test procedures which is required under 8. Particular care should be taken to establish responsibility for the documentation covering instructions for use. the authority having jurisdiction should be consulted and their requirements established. 5 5. 15 . It is frequently desirable that.2 Consultation Where the installed system is subject to legislation. all warranties should operate from the same date. Where possible. The requirements for the system to be installed should be decided by the purchaser of the system after consultation with other interested parties. at the contract stage. 4.  designers and installers of other fire protection systems in the protected premises. 5. Model certificates are shown in Annex C.1 Assessment of needs Purpose Fire detection and fire alarm systems may be installed for the protection of life. 4. NOTE Other interested parties may include organisations such as:  system supplier(s).  installer of the system. one organization should take overall responsibility for the project. d) extent of responsibility under the warranty. or of both.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) c) duration of the warranty. design.6 Documentation Proper performance of each stage of the work should be certified by the person or organisation taking responsibility for that stage. of property. installation and the initial performance of the installed system should be clearly defined and documented.8 Qualifications Persons or organisations carrying out any work referred to in these guidelines should be appropriately competent.
then the incompatibility should be resolved by discussion.1). k) standby duration required from batteries (see A. d) consequences of a fire (including probability of death. h) conditions of use of the products which are not covered by any standard Technical Specification. b) probability of spread inside the room of origin.3. In the unlikely event that the requirements of two approval bodies are incompatible. it is important that this body is identified at the earliest stage possible. l) 5. Points which may need to be covered include: a) use of new developments in fire detection (see 4.6. If approval is required from more than one body.7.6. and its requirements established. f) limitations on the effects of faults (see A. g) sizes of detection zones (see A. i) siting of control and indicating equipment (see A.7.3. the following items should be considered in assessing the risk in each area: a) probability of ignition.6.5). c) probability of spread beyond the room of origin.1 Extent of cover The parts of the building to be covered or the types of system to be installed may be specified by a third party.7). c) differing requirements of approval bodies (see 9. 16 .2.3 use of activity related systems to reduce false alarms (see B. Since the design of the system may depend on the requirements of the approval body. d) use of hierarchical systems (see 16).6. and these bodies have different requirements for the installed system. then the installed system should be designed to meet the most stringent of the requirements. e) any departures from the recommendations of these guidelines (see 4. or where there is a desire to install a more extensive system.6.8.2. injury.3). Parts of the building needing cover 5. loss of property and environmental damage).1). such as by an authority having jurisdiction or by an insurance company.2.3).4). j) provision of alarm location aids (see A. b) fire alarm response strategy (see 5. Where the extent of the system is not specified by a third party.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) These requirements should include any need for third party approval. e) existence of other methods of fire protection.1).2).7).
2 Description of extent The extent of cover may be described as: a) Total cover: cover of all parts of the building. d) Local cover: cover of a specific device or function (other than escape routes) within the building. b) Compartment cover: cover of one or more specified fire compartments within the building. not necessarily forming the whole of a fire compartment. If such cooling is considered likely then protection of escape routes may require the installation of fire detectors in adjacent rooms.3.3. e) Equipment cover: cover of a specific apparatus or equipment. but given a higher level of protection than that given by the more general cover. In general.6 Local cover Local cover may be provided to protect particular functions. but can give little or no protection against fires starting outside that area. special equipment or areas of particularly high risk. it is intended only to ensure information for those not immediately involved. Local cover on its own can provide good protection against fires starting within the protected area. However.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 5. 5. smoke detectors installed on the escape routes would be expected to give warning of fire in time for people to escape along those routes.3.3.4 Compartment cover A compartment cover system is an automatic fire detection system covering only some parts (usually the most vulnerable areas) of the building. then the parts of the building to be protected should be specified in the documentation of 5. 5.3. c) Escape route cover: cover restricted to that which is necessary to ensure that escape routes can be used before they are blocked by fire or smoke. If a partial cover system is to be used. within those boundaries the cover should be the same as that of a total cover system. in some cases of fire in rooms adjacent to escape routes it has been found that smoke can be cooled by passing from the fire through narrow passages (such as door cracks) and can then cause smoke-logging at head height or below before ceiling-mounted detectors can operate. 5. The area of local cover need not be isolated. Such a system should not be expected to protect people who might be in the room of origin of the fire.3 Total cover A total cover system is an automatic fire detection system covering all spaces in the building other than those specifically exempted by these guidelines. The boundaries of a compartment cover system should be fire compartment boundaries. it can be within an area of total or compartment cover.6. 5. 17 .5 Escape route cover A system protecting only the means of escape is intended to give warning of a fire in time for people to escape before they become trapped by smoke or heat.
5. It is thus essential that these actions are pre-planned and the subject of early discussion (see 5. including any provision for organised firefighting or for supervision of evacuation? e) how are occupants to be informed of the fire condition? f) what are the requirements for indicating the fire location? g) arising from e) and f). If the fire spread in this time is likely to be excessive. At least the following items should be considered in the planning of the fire alarm response strategy. 5.3. Automatic methods of communication may be directly to the fire brigade or indirectly through another manned station.6: a) what pattern of evacuation is expected in case of fire. The detectors providing equipment cover are usually mounted within the equipment enclosure. 5. and will this pattern depend on the position of the fire? b) what is the expected occupancy of the building. but can give little or no protection against fires starting outside that area.4.2).3. equipment cover on its own can provide good protection against fires starting within the protected area.7 Equipment cover Equipment cover is provided to give protection from fires starting inside particular pieces of equipment.5 Fire alarm response strategy The design of the fire detection and fire alarm system may depend on the actions required after the fire has been detected. and how will this vary with time or day? c) what is the expected attendance time of the fire brigade? d) what are the duties and responsibilities of staff.4 Fire brigade attendance 5. some areas may be considered to have a sufficiently low risk of fire that they need not be covered (see A.2 Attendance time The probable delay between initial detection and the arrival of trained fire fighters should be assessed. As with local cover. then the use of other appropriate methods.3.8 Areas not needing cover Unless there are special requirements. such as automatic fire suppression.4. 5.1 Communications Methods of communication with the fire brigade may be automatic or manual (by telephone). The allowable methods of communication may be restricted by national documents. how must the building be divided into detection and alarm zones? 18 . and can hence detect a fire at an earlier stage than can detectors for more general cover. 5.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 5. should be considered. and should be included in the documentation of 5.8).
6 should have adequate theoretical and practical knowledge to be able to carry out the necessary work. and if so. The amount of detail given in these documents should allow designs to be prepared on a common basis. be for specific options under EN 54-2. The documents should also include where applicable: a) any requirements for third party approval or acceptance. NOTE In some countries there are national requirements which may affect the equipment to be provided for the system. 5.6 rests with the purchaser of the system. and for the completeness and accuracy of the documentation of 5. Any such requirements should be included in the documentation prepared under this Clause. disconnection or isolation.8 Qualifications The person or organization carrying out the assessment and preparing the documentation of 5. what arrangements will be needed for transfer of control between control stations? i) how will the fire brigade be called and what information must be given? j) will any special facilities be needed for the fire brigade? k) are special provisions likely to be needed for reducing the effects of false alarms? l) will there be any change in the fire alarm response strategy between night and day. and who will be responsible for restoring normal operation? q) will the system (or parts of the system) be required to remain operational for a significant time after the initial detection of fire? (For example. There may be national requirements for qualifications or experience. b) information on any areas of the building which might form hazardous areas (see Clause 14).7 Responsibility Responsibility for the assessment.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) h) in large or interconnected buildings (such as shopping malls) will a hierarchical system be needed. or between working days and holidays? m) will there be any interaction with other active fire protection measures. 19 . These requirements could.6 Documentation Documents should be prepared covering the fire alarm response strategy for the building and the general requirements for the installed system. for instance. will multiple control stations be provided. 5. or for the installation of a specific fire brigade panel. will alarm devices be required to sound for more than ten minutes after detection?) 5. such as special requirements for the operation and zoning of ancillary equipment? n) will the building have special provisions for emergency power supplies? o) what routines will be followed in the event of false alarms or faults? p) will there be any requirements for disablement.
equipment as suitable for the purpose should be used.1.2.1 Devices connected to the system 6. 6.2. Guidance on the causes and prevention of false alarms is given in Annex B.2 Faults indications The indications of faults should be in accordance with EN 54-2 and EN 54-4. or should be approved under the scheme for European Technical Approval. 6. NOTE 1 The 'European Technical Approval' referred to here is the scheme explained in Chapter III of the Construction Products Directive. 6. NOTE The documentation provided should reflect any limitations observed during the assessments or testing required under EN 54-13.1 Components Devices used in the system should comply with the requirements for components type I or type II under EN 54-13.2.2 6.1 Compatibility Care should be taken that all devices connected to the system have been assessed or tested in accordance with EN 54-13. 6.2. NOTE 2 National documents may restrict the number or type of devices allowed to be connected to a fire detection and alarm system. There may be national recommendations for the indication of other faults.1).2.2.4 False alarms All possible precautions should be taken to prevent false alarms. dust or vapour.1 Fault effects Fault effect limitation The design of the system should be such that the effects of faults in cables or connections are restricted (see A.3 Hazardous atmospheres Where it is necessary to install fire alarm equipment in areas having a potential danger from explosion of combustible gas.2. 20 .2. Restrictions on system design and layout given in the documentation provided with the devices should be followed.2.2 System design 6.5 Other fire protection systems Recommendations for connection to other fire protection systems are given in Clause 13. 6.2.6.2. 6. Special cabling rules apply to areas with hazardous atmospheres.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 6 Planning and design 6.
b) materials in the area and the way in which they would burn. e) ambient conditions within the surveyed rooms. 6. any possible difficulties of search or movement. Provision should be made for identifying manual call point signals.1 Detectors .4.2 gives restrictions on the extent of detection zones. Particular care should be taken in zoning where the fire detection system is used to initiate other fire protection systems.3. 6. so that misleading indications can be prevented.General Factors affecting the choice of detector type include the following: a) legislative requirements.3. d) effects of ventilation and heating.6. the provision of alarm zones and the presence of any special hazards. 21 .2 Detection zones The building should be divided into detection zones so that the place of origin of the alarm can be quickly determined from the indications given by the indicating equipment.3 Alarm zones Division of the building into alarm zones will depend on the need for differentiation in the type of alarm to be given.1 General The division of the building into detection and alarm zones should satisfy the requirements of the fire alarm response strategy (see the documentation prepared under 5.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 6.4 Selection of detectors and manual call points 6. c) configuration of the area (particularly ceiling height). f) possibility of false alarms.3. No one type of detector is the most suitable for all applications and the final choice will depend on individual circumstances.3.2. The zoning should take into account the internal layout of the building. 6.6 Special risks Recommendations for systems covering special risks are given in Clause 14.3 Zones 6. 6. then no division is necessary. A. Any division into alarm zones should be in accordance with the fire alarm response strategy. It will sometimes be useful to employ a mixture of different types of detector.6). If an alarm signal is always to be given throughout the building. The detectors selected should generally be those that will provide the earliest reliable warning under the environmental conditions of the areas in which they are to be sited.
a smoke detector would generally operate first. particles found in optically dense smoke.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Fire detectors are usually designed to detect one or more characteristics of a fire: smoke. then heat or flame detectors should be used in the area. In general a heat detector gives the slowest response. PVC) or when smouldering (e. In a slowly smouldering fire. Aspirating smoke detectors use a tube system to sample the atmosphere of the protected area. and the smoke density at the sensor will be the average value of smoke density over all the orifices on the sampling tube. Smoke detectors operating on the scattered light principle are sensitive to the larger. and may be the only form of smoke detector permissible below high ceilings (see Table A. Multisensor detectors are achieved by combining two or more detector types (smoke/heat or smoke/ heat/flame) and processing the signals of each type using mathematical calculations. radiation (flame) and other products of combustion. Gas detectors are able to detect those gases and interpret their existence as a fire. at least theoretically. but are generally unsuitable for outside use. If the fire is likely to be restricted to such materials. polyurethane foam) produce smoke having mainly large particles to which optical smoke detectors are particularly sensitive. 22 .g. the difference between real and unwanted alarms can be better distinguished. The radiation sensed by flame detectors travels in straight lines and requires no ceiling to direct the products outwards. In general smoke detectors give appreciably faster responses than do heat detectors. but are less sensitive to the small particles found in clean-burning fires. They are therefore suitable for use in most buildings. These detectors rely on the presence of a ceiling (or other similar surface) to direct the products outward from the plume to the detector. but may be more liable to give false alarms if not correctly installed. There are. Aspirating detectors are often used in the protection of electronic equipment. The products sensed by point-type heat and smoke detectors are transported from the fire to the detector by convection. and to carry the sample to a sensor which may be remote from the protected area. Each type of detector responds at a different rate to different kinds of fire. however. but are less sensitive to the larger particles found in optically dense smoke which may be produced by smouldering materials. specific risks for which each type is particularly suitable (or particularly unsuitable). but a fire that evolves heat rapidly and with very little smoke might operate a heat detector before a smoke detector. Certain gases like CO. Beam detectors generally sense obscuration of a light beam. With a combustible liquid fire the earliest detection would generally be given by a flame detector. They are particularly suitable for use where the smoke may have dispersed over a large area before detection. Certain materials when overheated (e. CO2. Smoke detectors cannot detect the products from clean-burning liquids (such as alcohol). Since these are very new types of detectors not many experiences on their best use are available. such as the initial stages of a fire involving cardboard.1). and are therefore sensitive to the average value of smoke density over the length of the beam. Flame detectors can therefore be used outside or in rooms with very high ceilings where heat and smoke detectors are unsuitable. and not involve other combustible materials. A sampling tube will usually have several sampling orifices. heat. Ionization chamber smoke detectors are particularly sensitive to smoke containing small particles such as are produced in rapidly burning flaming fires.g. optically active. Thus.4. NH3 accompany each fire.2 Smoke detectors Both ionisation chamber and optical smoke detectors have a sufficiently wide range of response to be of general use. 6.
As a simple guide. or a combination of the two may be used. The radiation spectrum from most flaming materials is sufficiently wide-band to be detected by any flame detector.g.4 Flame detectors Flame detectors detect radiation from fires.g. then they should be backed up by detectors of other types.4.4. Ultraviolet radiation from a fire can be prevented from reaching a detector if the fire produces significant smoke before flames appear. e. then solar-blind types of detector should be chosen.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) Where there are production or other processes producing smoke. If flame detectors are likely to be exposed to sunlight. grease or dust. e. flame detectors should not be considered as general purpose detectors. Precautions should be taken against deposition of oil. Ultraviolet radiation. Care should be taken in the use of flame detectors where production or other processes produce radiation. a heat detector will operate when the flames from the fire reach about one third of the way from the base of the fire to the ceiling. valves or pipework containing combustible liquids or areas of thin vertically oriented combustible material such as panelling or oil paintings. dust etc. Ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength range used for fire detection can be absorbed by oil. Flame detectors should only be used if there is a clear line-of-sight to the area being protected. fumes. 23 . 6. heat or flame. Because of their inability to detect smouldering fires. while fixed temperature detectors are more suitable where the ambient temperature is likely to fluctuate rapidly over short periods. If ultraviolet detectors are to be used in premises where materials are likely to smoulder. or the local surveillance of critical areas where flaming fire may spread very rapidly. Infra-red radiation is much less affected. 6. In general. which might operate smoke detectors. grease. Flame detectors can respond to a flaming fire more quickly than can heat or smoke detectors. at pumps. an alternative type of detector should be considered. Heat detectors with rate-of-rise elements are more suitable where ambient temperatures are low or vary only slowly. Flame detectors are particularly suitable for use in applications such as the general surveillance of large open areas in warehouses or timber yards. most common glasses and by many smokes.3 Heat detectors Heat detectors are generally considered to be the least sensitive of the available forms of detector. Ultra-violet and infra-red radiation differ in their abilities to pass through various materials. but with some materials (such as inorganic materials) it may be necessary to choose flame detectors capable of responding to specific parts of the wavelength spectrum. Because of the radiative transmission it is not necessary to mount flame detectors on a ceiling. infra-red radiation. heat detectors have a greater resistance to adverse environmental conditions than have other types.
5. then detectors should be used according to the manufacturer's recommendations.3 Flame detectors The coverage of each detector should be limited.5 Siting and spacing of detectors and manual call points 6.2 Heat and smoke detectors The coverage of each detector should be limited.5. throughout the premises. Special care should be taken that the beams of optical beam smoke detectors are not obstructed. Provision should be made for access for maintenance purposes.4. 6. 24 . 6.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 6. There may be national requirements on the type of operation. If no guidance is given in national documents or in Annex A.5.1 General Automatic fire detectors should be sited so that the relevant products from any fire within the protected area can reach the detectors without undue dilution.2.5. Attention should be given to any special instructions in the manufacturer's data.6. and preferably be of the same type. b) distance between any point in the surveyed area and the nearest detector. attenuation or delay. Also see A.5 Manual call points Manual call points should normally have the same method of operation. Limitations on siting and spacing are given in Annex A. 6. Such areas may include voids under the floor or above false ceilings. Some factors to be taken into account in the limitation will be: a) area protected.5. Some factors to be taken into account in the limitation will be: a) the line-of-sight distance between any point in the surveyed area and the nearest detector. Manual call points should be sited so that they can be easily and quickly operated by any person discovering a fire. Care should be taken to ensure that detectors are also sited in hidden areas where fire might start or spread.1. f) any obstructions to convective movement of fire products. Care should be taken that manual call points intended to initiate a fire signal are clearly differentiated from devices intended for other purposes. e) ventilation air movement. d) height and configuration of the ceiling. c) proximity of walls.6.
Manual call points should be clearly visible. 25 . e. where the occupants are deaf or where hearing protection is likely to be worn. Also see A.1 Alarm systems and devices General The method of giving the alarm to the occupants of the building should comply with the requirements of the fire alarm response strategy. where the background noise is excessive. c) the presence of interfering radiation sources.6. In such cases a general fire alarm need not be given immediately. 6.6. Additional care in siting manual call points may be necessary where there are people who are handicapped in movement. Limitations on the siting of alarm devices.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) b) the presence of barriers to radiation.g. Flame or radiation detectors should be sited to give good visual surveillance of the protected areas. a method should be provided by which the control and indicating equipment indication can be related to the relevant detector.5 Identification The control and indicating equipment may be able to identify the individual detector or manual call point from which an alarm has been raised. identifiable and easily accessible. The sound used for fire alarm purposes should be the same in all parts of the building. speech module or message generator to be broadcast simultaneously. but a facility for giving a general alarm should be provided. sound levels to be achieved. They may also be sited near special hazards. and intelligibility and form of voice messages are given in A.2. visual and/or tactile signals should be used to supplement sound signals.6.6. 6.6 6. Also see A. who may then take charge of the resulting operations in the building. at (inside or outside) each door to escape stairs and at each exit to the open air.5. These may be alarm devices or a voice alarm system (such as the public address system).4 Manual call points Manual call points should be sited on escape routes. In such a case.2 Sound signals The sound level provided should be such that the fire alarm signal is immediately audible above any ambient noise. In some cases the fire routine may require the alarm to be given initially to trained staff.6.5.5.5.6.4. Any alarm intended to be perceived by untrained persons (such as the general public) should be at least by audible means. In areas where sound signals may be ineffective. 6. 6. The system should be so designed that it is not possible for more than one microphone.5.
e) risk of mechanical damage to the equipment is low.3 Repeat controls Where multiple control panels are provided. and the location is covered by at least one fire detector within the system. d) environment is clean and dry. Any visual fire alarm should be clearly visible and distinguishable from other visual signals used in the premises. where a building has several fire brigade entrances. 6. Visual indications such as a flashing beacon may be provided at the fire brigade entrance to the building. provision should be made to prevent contradictory operation of controls from different positions.6.7. then: g) location of each enclosure should satisfy the recommendations (a) to (f) above.3). If it is necessary for practical reasons to mount the control and indicating equipment in environments which do not satisfy the recommendations of (d).7. Control and indicating equipment should preferably be in a permanently manned area. 6. then special precautions should be taken to protect the equipment. b) lighting is such that the labels and visual indications can be easily seen and read. c) background noise level allows audible indications to be heard. allowing control to be taken at several locations.2.11. 6.1 Location of control and indicating equipment Control and indicating equipment should be in locations such that: a) indications and controls are easily accessible to the fire brigade and to the responsible people in the building.3 Visual fire alarm devices Visual fire alarm devices should only be used to supplement audible alarm devices.1 a) to f).7.2 Repeat indications Repeat indicating panels may be necessary where the control and indicating equipment is remote from the fire brigade entrance. 6. i) fault monitoring facilities should cover the interconnections between the housings. If the control and indicating equipment is in more than one enclosure.7. (e) and (f) above. they should not be used on their own. or where the control and indicating equipment is not in a permanently manned area. h) connections between the enclosures should be suitably protected against fire and mechanical damage (see 6. 26 . f) risk of fire is low.11. Repeat indicating panels should be in locations complying with 6.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 6.7 Control and indication 6.
Where standby generators are used. the power source for each equipment should comply with these recommendations. the main power source for the system should be the public electricity supply system. 6. 6. The main power supply to the fire detection system should be provided with a suitable dedicated isolating protective device at a position as close as possible to the point of entry of the supply into the building. Where more than one power supply equipment is used. Privately generated power may be used where it has at least the same reliability as the public supply or where no public supply system is available. standby power should be available from a battery. labelling or the restriction of access) to prevent unauthorised disconnection of the main power source. e) control and indicating equipment (CIE) with addressable points.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 6.1 Power supplies Power supply equipment The output of the power supply equipment should be sufficient to satisfy the maximum demands of the system.8. arrangements should be made for refuelling before the fuel reserve is exhausted. d) remote indicator lamps.7.8.2 Main power source In general. Provision should be made (by. When such power is provided the capacity of the standby battery may be reduced. In some cases power may also be available from standby generators or no-break power supplies. but a dedicated battery should always be provided. 6. 27 .8. The requirements for fire brigade panels are given in national documents. c) mimic diagrams. 6. or to allow other corrective action to be taken.5 Fire brigade panel In some countries a standardised panel is required for fire brigade use. The capacity of this battery should be sufficient to supply the system during all likely breaks in the main power source.3 Standby supply In the event of failure of the main power source.7. In addition to the detection zone at least one of the following should be provided: a) detection zone cards.8 6. for instance.4 Alarm location aids It should be quickly. b) detection zone maps. easily and unambiguously possible to relate the indications of the control and indicating equipment to the geographical position of any detector or manual call point in alarm.
6. g) security doors. b) smoke or fire doors. directly or not. f) lift control. If the premises are constantly manned the call may be made manually by telephone. if the premises are manned at the time of the fire then the alarm should be manually confirmed by telephone. There may be national requirements on the connection of ancillary equipment. c) allowable types of standby supply. or prevent the giving of a signal to other ancillary equipment.3 gives limitations on: a) the required standby duration. the operation of ancillary equipment. 28 . Where the remote manned centre agrees. Care should be taken that the provision of telephones within the building is sufficient to avoid delay in calling the fire brigade. either to a number previously agreed by the fire brigade or to the national emergency number. Where a remote manned centre is used. c) smoke venting equipment. 6. alarms should be passed to the fire brigade with the minimum of delay. This can best be achieved by the use of an automatic link.6. e) ventilation shut-down. d) smoke or fire dampers. b) the capacity of the standby battery.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) A. Operation or malfunction of an item of ancillary equipment should not jeopardise the correct functioning of the fire detection system. signals from the system may also be used to trigger. it should be one complying with nationally acceptable standards. it is recommended that at least general fire and fault signals are transmitted and consideration should be given to transmission faults. preferably directly to the fire brigade but alternatively via another remote manned centre. such as: a) fire extinguishing equipment. in order to supply the necessary standby load and alarm load.9 Signals to a fire alarm receiving station To obtain the maximum benefit from a fire detection and alarm system.8.10 Other equipment or systems In addition to the primary purposes of detection and alarm. Automatic links should preferably be monitored so that any fault on the link is indicated either at the remote manned station or at the control and indicating equipment. Even if automatic signalling is used.
trunking.11. then either fire resistant cables should be used or the cables should be given protection against fire.e. NOTE Where loop connected circuits are used consideration should be given to the effects of simultaneous damage to both sides by a single incident (for example damage to both cables by collision with a vehicle).13 Documentation The designer should provide sufficient documentation to enable the installer to carry out the installation satisfactorily.g. i.12 Protection against electromagnetic interference In order to prevent damage and false alarms.2 Protection against fire Where possible.1 Cable types Cables should satisfy any requirements specified by the manufacturer or supplier of the equipment. levels higher than those the equipment has been tested. and failure of those cables will prevent: a) reception of a detection signal by the control and indicating equipment.11. ducts). this should be layout drawings showing the intended type and location of all devices. then these amendments and any new documentation should be similarly certified (see 7. A model certificate is given in Annex C. 6. and a schematic diagram showing their interconnections. The designer should provide and sign a certificate of design.2 gives recommendations on cables to be protected against fire. If it is necessary to run cables through other areas. then adequate electromagnetic protection should be provided. cables should be run in areas of low fire risk. the cable should have sufficient mechanical strength for its location.1).3 Protection against mechanical damage Cables should be adequately protected. cable trays. As a minimum. 29 .CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 6. 6. alternatively. A. Where this cannot be arranged. c) reception of signals from the fire detection system by any control for fire protection equipment. Cables should be installed in suitably protected locations (e. 6. either mechanical protection should be provided or the sides of the loop should be sufficiently separated as to prevent simultaneous damage. d) reception of signals from the fire detection system by any fire alarm routing equipment. If changes are made subsequent to the supply of the initial documentation.6.11. equipment (including cabling) should not be sited in places likely to have high levels of electromagnetic interference. b) operation of alarm devices. 6.11. The recommendations of national documents on the types of cable and their installation should be followed. or additional mechanical protection should be provided. Where there is susceptibility to such damage. Particular attention should be paid to the current-carrying capacity and the attenuation of data signals.11 Cables and interconnections 6.
12 should be followed. Any conflict should be resolved by consultation. In specific cases the recommendations of 6. 7. Access should be provided by means of removable or hinged covers.14 Responsibility Responsibility for planning.1 General Generally cables should be installed in accordance with national regulations. channels and trunking If used.11.13 should be clearly defined as in 4.3 Cable routing Cables carrying power or signals for a fire detection and fire alarm system should be routed so as to avoid adverse effects on the system. Factors to be taken into account may include: a) electromagnetic interference at levels which might prevent correct operation.2 Siting and accommodation of equipment 7. and 6. 6. If for any reason the design prepared under Clause 6 is found unsuitable during installation.13.3. 7.2 Cable ducts. then any changes found necessary should be agreed by the designer and agreed amendments made to the documentation.3 Cable installation 7.1 General The system should be installed in accordance with the documentation prepared under 6.3. design. 7. 7. 7. In locations having a potentially explosive atmosphere the recommendations of national documents should be followed.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 6.2.2 Hazardous areas Siting of equipment should take account of any special hazards which might exist when the building is occupied. b) the possibility of damage from fire.3. 30 . 7 Installation 7.13 should have adequate theoretical and practical knowledge to be able to carry out the necessary work.7.15 Qualifications The person or organization carrying out the design and preparing the documentation of 6.2.1 Siting The positioning of the equipment should be checked against the documentation. conduit and ducting sizes should be such as to permit easy drawing in and out of the cables concerned. including the certificate of design. and the completeness and accuracy of the documentation of 6.
Advice on segregation is given in A.4 Precautions against spread of fire Where cables. Where a joint in a cable is unavoidable. signing the certificate of installation.5 rests with the person or organisation. The records should be permanent and suitable for convenient reference. 31 . etc. Jointing and termination methods should be chosen to minimize any reduction in reliability and resistance to fire below that of the unjointed cable.3. A model certificate and logbook are given in Annex C. 7. storage and use of detectors containing radioactive material are subject to requirements of national legislation.3. There may be national requirements for qualifications.. other than those contained within enclosures of equipment.13 and 7. accessible and identifiable junction box to avoid confusion with other services. 7.4 Radioactivity Handling.7.3. 7. etc. drawings should be provided by the installer to the purchaser showing the position of the various items of equipment. d) damage due to maintenance work on other systems. Wiring diagrams of junction boxes and distribution cases should be included. including damage which might cause short circuits between the system and other cables. 7. penetrate the wall. All cables and other metallic parts of the system should be well separated from any metalwork forming part of a lightning protective system.5 Cable joints and terminations Joints in cables. junction boxes. 7. fire detection and alarm system cables may be segregated from other cables by the use of insulating or earthed conducting partitions.7 Qualifications Persons or organisations carrying out the work of installation should be appropriately competent.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) c) the possibility of mechanical damage. it should be enclosed in a suitable. should be avoided wherever possible.5 Documentation For maintenance and record purposes. the penetration should be fire-stopped so that the fire resistance of the penetrated component is not reduced. Precautions against lightning should comply with national documents.6 Responsibility Responsibility for compliance of the installed system with the documentation of 6. Where necessary. The installer should supply the purchaser with a certificate of installation and a log book. experienced and qualified.3. floor or ceiling of a fire compartment. or by separation by an adequate distance. 7.
that the methods.6. Advice on routine attention is given in A.6. b) visual checks. c) any connection to a fire alarm receiving station or fault warning receiving station is in operation and that the messages are correct and clear.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 8 Commissioning and verification 8. NOTE: There may be more than one organisation involved in the process. carried out by operation of an agreed number of the detection devices in the system.4 Documentation Adequate instructions on use. The acceptance test consists of: a) verification that the documents required by these guidelines have been supplied.2 and documented under 5. a preliminary period should be forecasted in order to observe the stability of the installed system in these usual ambient conditions Verification and acceptance of the detection and alarm system will normally be carried out by the installer's technical representative and the purchaser or his agent.1 General The aim of the commissioning and verification process is to determine that the installed system meets the requirements as determined under 5. 8.3 the documents and instructions required under 7. The commissioning engineer should test and verify that the installed system operates correctly.2 Commissioning The commissioning engineer should make a thorough visual inspection to ensure that the work has been carried out in a satisfactory manner. e) all ancillary functions can be activated. Where there are requirements for third party inspection the recommendations of Clause 9 should be followed. 8. c) functional tests of the correct working of the system.2. b) the information given by the control and indicating equipment is correct and meets the requirements documented under 5. d) the alarm devices operate as indicated in these guidelines.11.5 have been provided. and in particular should check that: a) all detectors and manual call points are functioning. f) 8. materials and components used comply with these guidelines and that record drawings and operating instructions are true to the installed system. routine attention and testing of the installed system should be supplied to the person responsible for the use of the premises. 32 . Verification Before proceeding to the verification of the installation. including all assessments which can be done by visual inspection to check that the installed system complies with the specification. including interfaces with ancillaries and the transmission network.
regional or local bodies. then discussions (see 5.2) should be held prior to installation in order to resolve the incompatibility. A model certificate is given in Annex C.1 Approval by authorities and others Authorities having jurisdiction Different legislative requirements exist under various national.6 Qualifications Commissioning engineers should be appropriately competent. maintained and.3 9. In particular. 9. modified. they should have knowledge of the characteristics of the system being installed and of the recommendations of these guidelines. 8. Particular note should be made of 33 . 9.1 General Approval of an installed system will usually be based on an initial examination. It is recommended that on completion of the work a certificate of acceptance should be signed by the purchaser. 8.2.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) The commissioning engineer should supply the purchaser with a signed certificate of commissioning.2 Insurance organisations The requirements of fire insurance organisations may have national or local variations. In general.2 9. The point of handover marks the point at which the purchaser takes on responsibility for the system (see 10. and are usually laid down in their own documents. A model certificate is given in Annex C. These requirements will specify any needs for direct involvement by insurance organisations in the inspection of the installed system.1). There may be national requirements for qualifications of commissioning engineers.3 Approval by more than one body In the unlikely event that the requirements of two approval bodies are incompatible.2. 9 Third party approval 9. but an authority may require to make its own inspection.1 Approval procedures General It is the responsibility of the approving body to inform the installer of the various stages at which inspection and testing of the system being installed will be required. where necessary. the system should be formally handed over. together with continuing periodic examination to ensure that the system has been correctly used. systems complying with these guidelines and approved by third parties will meet requirements of authorities having jurisdiction. 9. experienced and qualified.2. 9.5 Responsibility When verification has been completed to the satisfaction of the purchaser.3.
9. 9. and may reserve the right to re-inspection after completion. and the approving body.3.1 Periodic inspection by an approving body General The approving body may require periodic inspections to be made as a condition of continuing approval.2 Documentation The inspecting or approving body should specify the documentation required for continuing approval. 34 .4 Special tests (on-site testing) If the approval body requires special tests which could lead to damage to the system or to the building. precautions should be taken so that test signals do not result in unforeseen or damaging operations (such as the unwanted release of extinguishant). The notification may specify a time limit for the completion of these changes. It is the responsibility of the installer to inform the approving body when each stage is reached. installation and the equipment installed.3. then a written notice of the deficiencies of the system should be given.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) inspection or testing which for any reason cannot be carried out on the completed installed system. 9.3 Testing of operation The test schedule required for approval should be agreed between the user and/or owner.5 Documentation The approving body should give a written certificate of approval of the installed system. Where the testing will involve signals being sent to ancillary services or equipment. 9. 9. then prior agreement should be obtained on responsibility for any damage that might be caused. The inspection should be recorded in the system logbook. 9. Where variations from these guidelines have been agreed. The tests and inspections to be made are at the discretion of the approving body.4. If the approving body decides that approval cannot be given.3.4.3. This certificate should cover planning. The proportion of the installed system to be inspected or tested prior to approval should be specified by the approval body. the certificate should contain a list of the agreed variations. A reference to this certificate should be given in the system logbook. design. A report of the periodic inspection should be given in writing.2 Inspection and testing The inspection may be carried out by the approval body or by another organisation acceptable to the approval body. the installer. The approving body may require that the system has been in operation for a period under normal conditions of use before final approval is given. Where changes are required as a result of the inspection. these should be notified in writing to the user and/or owner.4 9.
h) preventing false alarms. Some or all of these functions may be delegated by contract with another organisation (such as an installing or servicing organisation). then the person having control should be deemed to be the responsible person. 9. e) maintaining a clear space of at least 0. heating. i) ensuring that the system is suitably modified if any significant changes of use or configuration of the building occur. by taking adequate measures to prevent activation of the detectors by cutting.. d) keeping the system in good functioning order. or other event which might adversely affect the system. cooking. and kept up to date. and recording all events resulting from or affecting the system. etc. smoking. f) ensuring that there are no obstructions which might hinder the movement of fire products towards the detectors. g) ensuring that access to manual call points is not obstructed. 35 . k) ensuring that maintenance (see 11) is carried out at the correct intervals. c) training of occupants. These guidelines do not specify the division of responsibilities for the delegated functions. welding.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) If the approving body decides that approval should be withdrawn because of deficiencies of the system. 10 Use of the system 10.1 Responsibility The person having control of that part of the building containing the installed system should appoint one or more identifiable persons to be responsible for carrying out the following functions: a) ensuring the initial and continuing compliance of the system with the recommendations of these guidelines and with the requirements of any approving body. then a written notice of those deficiencies should be given. j) keeping a logbook. If the person having control of that part of the building does not appoint a responsible person. b) laying down procedures for dealing with the various alarms. fire. warnings and other events originating from the system.5 m around and below each detector. Any national requirements for qualifications or experience of inspectors should be followed. l) ensuring that the system is properly serviced after the occurrence of a fault. exhaust fumes. The name(s) of the responsible person(s) should be recorded in the log book.5 Qualifications The inspecting organisation should have adequate theoretical and practical knowledge to be able to carry out examinations of the system. sawing.
2. then it is essential to notify the centre before undertaking the test.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 10. NOTE Control and indicating equipment complying with EN 54-2 is required to give an automatic visual indication if transmission is prevented at the control and indicating equipment.11. A suitable maintenance routine is given in A. and the time within which the equipment should be restored to operation following a fault. 11. If a link to a remote manned centre is to be used during the test.2 Prevention of false alarms during routine testing It is important to ensure that maintenance and servicing operations do not result in a false alarm of fire. If transmission of signals to a remote manned centre is prevented during test then a visual indication of this condition should be given at the control and indicating equipment.1.2. Arrangements for this should be made immediately on completion of the system whether the premises are occupied or not. The name and telephone number of the servicing organization should be prominently displayed at the control and indicating equipment. the system should be regularly inspected and serviced. 11 Maintenance 11. A record should be kept in this logbook of all events concerning the installed system. servicing and repair. This routine is intended to ensure the continuing correct functioning of the system under normal circumstances.2 Inspection and servicing 11. The occupants of the premises should be notified prior to any test of the system that may result in the sounders being operated.2 Documentation The logbook should be kept in a place accessible to authorised persons (preferably at or near the control and indicating equipment). an arrangement should be made between the user and/or owner and the manufacturer. by breaking the link between the fire alarm routing equipment [Annex E of EN 54-1:1996] and the fire alarm receiving station [Annex F of EN 54-1:1996]). but it may not do so if transmission is prevented outside the building's fire alarm system (for instance.1 Maintenance routine An inspection and servicing routine should be adopted. If this indication is not given automatically then a notice informing users of the absence of the link to the remote manned centre should be manually mounted on the indicating panel. A suggested form of logbook is given in Figure C.2. 36 .5. In general. 11. The arrangement should specify the method of liaison to provide access to the premises. Care should be taken that all equipment is properly reinstated after testing.1 General To ensure the continued correct functioning of the system. Any battery should be replaced at intervals not exceeding the battery manufacturer's recommendations. supplier or other competent organisation for inspection.
the user and/or owner should immediately inform the servicing organisation so that any necessary remedial action may be taken.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 11. unless the test is intended also to be a test of the other equipment.3 Prevention of unwanted activation during routine testing It is important to ensure that maintenance and servicing operations do not result in unwanted activation of fire protection equipment. 37 . care should be taken that the occupants are informed of the possible effects of the testing. d) any change in the activities within the protected area that might change the fire risk. 11. There may. Where the fire alarm system will automatically operate fire doors or similar equipment.4 Repair and modification In the event of: a) any indication of malfunction of the system.5 Spares It may be convenient for a supply of spares (such as that spare call point glasses are normally kept on site and that smoke detectors are included as an optional spare part ) to be held on site. g) any change to ancillary equipment. however.2 is intended to maintain the system in operation under normal circumstances. b) any unusual incidence of false alarms. even though no fault may be immediately apparent. b) damage to any part of the system.2. c) any change in the structure or occupancy of the premises.3 Special servicing The routine attention described in 11. c) extension. alteration or decoration of the premises. If a link is provided to other fire protection equipment then either the link or the other equipment should be disabled during the test. be special circumstances for which special attention is needed. e) changes in the ambient noise level or sound attenuation such as to change the sounder requirements. h) use of system before building works are complete and building is fully handed over. f) damage to the system. 11. Such circumstances may include: a) any fire (whether detected automatically or not). and the advice of the servicing organisation should be sought. 11. d) changes in occupancy or activities in the area covered by the system.
if the installed system is extended.6. 11. However. servicing and repair of the installed system.2 Third party approval Where the installed system is the subject of approval by a third party. d) the control and indicating equipment. any extension or modification should be reported in writing to the third party.11.3 Extent of compliance It is desirable that any modification or extension to a system should be such that the modified or extended system complies completely with these guidelines. etc.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 11. modification should not increase the degree of non-compliance within the area initially covered.6 Documentation Work carried out on the system should be noted in the logbook. the detectors. then reference should be made to Clause 16. which decides subsequent procedure. If the extended system forms a hierarchical or networked system. 11. In such cases: a) Wherever possible.8 Qualifications Maintenance should only be carried out by competent persons properly trained and competent in the activities required for inspection. the extended part of the system should comply completely with the guidelines. where the initial system (before extension or modification) does not comply with the guidelines because the design process started before the guidelines were brought into effect.7 Responsibility Responsibility for maintenance of the fire detection and alarm system should be defined. 38 . The responsibility for this work lies with these people or the organization they belong to. care should be taken that: c) the power supply is adequate for the modified or extended system. alarm devices. b) Wherever possible. It will normally rest with the user and/or owner of the installed system. in an extension of the system. 12. 12 Modification or extension of an installed system 12. 12. used in the modified or extended system are compatible with devices already installed. Details of the work should either be recorded in the logbook or recorded separately and held with the system documentation. then it may not be practical to modify the whole of the installed system to bring it into compliance. In particular.1 General If changes in documentation are necessary (for example. detector types are changed or new alarm devices are added) efforts should be made to obtain the agreement of the person or organisation responsible for the original documentation. Also see A.
6 and 11. siting and spacing of detectors. The recommendations or requirements given in the documentation of the other fire protection system should be followed. g) requirements for isolation or disablement. b) smoke venting or heat venting systems.1 General Special risks are those requiring particular attention and knowledge in the design and choice of equipment. such as: a) automatic fire extinguishing systems. Operation or malfunction of another fire protection system should not jeopardise the correct functioning of the fire detection system. 13. f) types. c) systems for triggering the release and closing of fire doors. installer and maintainer to ensure that the fire detection and alarm system neither impairs nor is impaired by the system to be triggered.14. These requirements may include: d) safety from accidental release of trigger signals. for example: a) electronic data processing areas and equipment and other electrical risks. Such risks may include.7. or prevent the giving of a signal to any other system. 39 . There may be national requirements on the connection to other systems. or the arrangement of circuits. and the boundaries of their respective responsibilities should be defined. The requirements of both systems should be specified in sufficient detail to allow correct design of the interface between the two systems. the siting and spacing of detectors. 7. h) requirements for zoning. The recommendations of these guidelines are not intended to cover any requirements which these systems may impose on the fire detection and alarm system.2 Responsibility In addition to the responsibilities laid down under 6. e) the necessary visual and audible indications.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 13 Operation of other fire protection systems 13.1 General The fire detection and alarm system may be used to provide initiating signals to other fire protection systems. Close liaison should be maintained between the designers of the fire detection system and the other fire protection system. 14 Applications in special risks 14. special care has to be taken by the designer.
2). 14.2 Electronic data processing areas The following items should be given special attention in the design of fire detection systems for rooms containing electronic equipment such as computers or telephone exchange equipment: a) arrangements for controlling ventilation and air conditioning. particularly where local cover of computer cabinets. as well as the fire detection and alarm system) are coordinated. d) arrangements for close-down of the equipment or its power supply in the event of a fire. 40 . etc. c) atrium buildings. and that their interactions are properly controlled. d) hazardous areas.. e) arrangements for close-down of air handling equipment in the event of a fire. b) effects of high ventilation rates and high air speeds.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) b) high-racked warehouses. It may therefore be necessary to consider interlinking between the detection and extinguishing systems. early consultation with the user and/or owner and other interested parties (insurers. f) needs for fire detection in concealed spaces such as above false ceilings and below false floors. c) closing of fire shutters and dampers in response to signals from the fire detection system. e) outdoor risks. Where fire protection measures are being supplied or installed by several different organisations. authorities. 14. 14. architects.3 High-rack warehouses Because of the wide range of types of high-rack storage and of the possible contents. Special care should be taken in the planning of the fire routine to ensure that the possible effects of high fire spread rate are taken into account. further detection (or unusual configurations of detectors) may be found necessary in the planning of the building. fire suppression. etc. The guidance given in these guidelines should be taken only as a starting point. smoke control.) is essential. etc. Special types of detectors (such as aspirating systems) may be appropriate.. it will usually be necessary for these organisations to liase together to provide the necessary coordination (see also 5. High-rack storages are usually protected by some form of automatic extinguishing system (such as sprinklers). is provided.4 Atrium buildings In atrium buildings it is important that all fire protection measures (including fire compartmentation.
Where there are several separate buildings on a common site. In such cases very close cooperation is necessary between the purchaser (who should be aware of the hazard) and the designers and installers of fire detection and alarm systems. but with the facility to provide status information to a centre on the site.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 14. special attention should be paid to: a) environmental conditions. for instance) which may have significant effects on the design of the system. 41 .7 Responsibility In addition to the purchaser's responsibility under 5. 14. c) avoidance of false alarms. biological or nuclear.6 Outdoor areas Where all or part of a fire alarm system is installed in an outdoor area. 16 Hierarchical systems Hierarchical systems are frequently used in places where a main site is sub-divided into a number of smaller parts.6 and 5. In large buildings. etc). the designer and user and/or owner should ensure that all necessary information needed for the assessment of the special risk is made available. This information will usually include the fire routine for the risk. chemical.7. each providing fire detection and/or alarm functions for a defined part of the building but additionally communicating with a centre within the building and/or with each other. c) in arranging any remote links. for instance in shopping centres. the fire detection and alarm functions of such systems should generally comply with these recommendations. b) in arranging suitable working procedures (including procedures for resetting. economy of cabling may be achieved by the use of a number of subsidiary control and indicating equipments. 15 Integrated systems Although these guidelines do not cover integrated systems.5 Hazardous areas In some buildings there may be hazards (explosive. large hospitals or petrochemical plant. Where such systems are to be installed particular care should be taken: a) to ensure mutual compatibility. Recommendations of national documents should be followed. b) choice and siting of detectors. isolation. d) in defining system responsibilities. 14. silencing. each may require its own system for fire detection and alarm.
f) identifying any condition of a subsidiary control and indicating equipment in which a fire alarm could be prevented (such as fault or disabled conditions).CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) The equipment used and the circuit design should be such that indications are given at the manned centre at least: e) identifying any subsidiary control and indicating equipment in its fire alarm condition. Where networked systems are used without a hierarchical structure.2. care should be taken that only information can be passed between systems. g) identifying any failure of a link to a subsidiary control and indicating equipment which might prevent the reception of a fire alarm at the manned centre. 42 . Control of one control and indicating equipment from another should only be allowed where the controlling equipment has been designated the main control and indicating equipment in a hierarchical system. Requirements for other control and indication facilities should be determined from the consultations of 5.
3 Definitions No further recommendations.5. Where the Annex has no recommendations under any Clause.1 Scope No further recommendations. A.3. A.4.5 Assessment of needs A. A.5.5.5. A.2 Consultation No further recommendations. A.2 Normative references National documents applying in the various CEN member countries will be listed in an Annex.1 Extent of cover No further recommendations. 43 . A.3 Part of the building needing cover A.1 Purpose No further recommendations. the Clause number and title are included.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) Annex A (informative) Specific recommendations NOTE The numbering of this Annex generally follows the same numbering scheme as that of the main document. with the comment 'No further recommendations'. A.1 Usage of the guidelines The competence of the persons or organisations carrying out any kind of work referred to in these guidelines should be appropriately qualified and certified by an accredited body.4 General A.
5 Escape route cover No further recommendations. A. and 44 i) are less than 10 m in width. 2 b) vertical shafts or vertical cable ducts with cross-sectional areas of less than 2 m .3. A.5.6 Local cover No further recommendations. 3 d) unventilated frozen food stores with gross volumes below 20 m .3. provided that they are not used for the storage of combustible materials or rubbish.5. or f) a fire in the void is likely to damage cables of emergency systems before the fire is detected.7 Equipment cover No further recommendations. c) unroofed loading bays. ceilings or walls.8 Areas not needing cover Areas not needing cover by automatic detection may include: a) bathrooms. and . A.3. Voids (including under-floor and above-ceiling voids) need only have independent cover by detectors if: e) there is likely to be extensive spread of fire or smoke outside the room of origin through the void before the fire is detected by detectors outside the void.3 Total cover No further recommendations. A.3. shower rooms. and h) are less than 10 m in length.5.5. and j) are totally separated from other areas by incombustible material.4 Compartment cover No further recommendations.5. A. and do not contain cables concerned with emergency systems (unless the cable can resist fire for at least 30 min).3.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) A.3.5. Voids which : g) are less than 1 m in height. provided that they are properly fire protected and fire-stopped where they pass through floors.2 Description of event No further recommendations. washrooms or water closets.5.3. A.
2. and h) all devices rendered inoperative by the fault fulfil the same function. (see Annex D).10). A.1. The circuit design should be such that in the event of a single short circuit or open circuit cable fault: f) not more than 32 devices are rendered inoperative.2 Fault effects A. e) initiation of operation of ancillary equipment (see 6. isolating devices should be included within the housing to limit the effect of a single cable fault as recommended by this Clause.1 Fault effect limitation The system should be such that a single cable fault in any individual circuit cannot prevent the correct operation of more than one of the following functions: a) automatic detection of fire.1.6. A.6. b) operation of manual call points.1 Compatibility No further recommendations. 45 . and l) do not contain cables concerned with emergency systems (unless the cable can resist fire for at least 30 min) need not have independent detector cover. at least one sounder must be left in operation).6 Planning and design A.1 System design No further recommendations.e.1.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 2 k) do not contain fire load densities in excess of 25 MJ of combustible material in any 1 m . and g) all devices rendered inoperative by the fault are in the same zone. or k) the operation of all alarm devices within the building (i. The system should be such that a single cable fault in any individual circuit cannot prevent: i) the initiation of a fire signal in an area greater than that allowed for a single detection zone.6. or j) the sounding of a fire alarm in an area greater than that allowed for a single alarm zone. c) sounding of a fire alarm. A. d) transmission or reception of signals to or from input/output devices. Where devices which integrate more than one function in a single housing are used (such as combined detectors and sounders).6.
unless: 1) the zone consists of a stairwell. whichever is the smaller. Further restrictions may be decided on during the consultations of 5. A.1 General No further recommendations. A. A. or 2 2) the total floor area of the building is less than 300 m .2.6. that a single cable fault will not prevent operation in more than one fire protection zone) should be specified in the requirements for the installation of ancillary equipment. d) each zone should be restricted to a single storey of the building. Any such requirements should be considered in the consultations of 5. the division of the premises into detection zones should comply with all the following: 2 a) the floor area of a single zone should not exceed 1 600 m .3 Selection of detectors and manual call points No further recommendations. 46 . the zone boundaries should be 2 boundaries of fire compartments and the floor area of the zone should not exceed 400 m . Factors to be taken into account during the consultation should include: e) visibility within the zone. manual call points or alarm devices over a floor area exceeding 10000 m . c) where a zone extends beyond a single fire compartment.2. there may be additional limitations on the effects of cable faults.2 Detection zones In premises protected by automatic fire detection systems.6. liftwell or other similar structure extending beyond one storey but within one fire compartment. and should then be included in the documentation of 5. NOTE 1 Two faults on a single circuit should be considered as including the case of two or more faults caused by a single action. and should then be included within the documentation of 5.2 Zones A.2.6.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) The system should be such that two faults in any individual circuit cannot prevent the operation of 2 either detectors.6. lightwell. These limitations (for instance. then either an indication of the room should be given at the control and indicating equipment or remote indicator lamps should be installed outside each door to indicate the room in which a detector has operated. and should be followed in the design of the fire detection and alarm system. The recommendations of a) to d) above may be changed during the consultation of 5. b) where the zone includes more than 5 rooms. or from more than 5 fire compartments. These limitations may have significant effects on the design of the fire detection system. Where the fire detection system is to be used to initiate the operation of ancillary equipment.2. f) access distances within the zone.6. g) room configurations and occupation within the zone. NOTE 2 In some high-risk buildings it may be considered that the areas specified above are too large.2.6.
For point type detectors.1 — Operating radius and ceiling height limits Ceiling ≤ 4. detectors should not be recessed into the ceiling.5. Detectors should be sited so that their sensitive elements are within the top 5 % of the room height.1.Not normally used in the range.6. the manufacturer's instructions on spacing should be followed. except as allowed by A.6.5 7. Such detectors should only be used if agreement has been obtained during the consultations of 5.6. a) A second layer of detectors will usually be necessary at about half the ceiling height. Optical beam smoke detectors should be mounted on a stable structure. except as allowed by A.2. the slope should be taken as the average slope over the extended range.5 7.4 Siting and spacing of detectors and manual call points A.1.4.5 7. b) Sloping ceilings For detectors mounted at the apex of sloping ceilings.5 >6 >8 > 11 ≤6 ≤8 ≤ 11 ≤ 25 Operating radius (m) Detector type > 25 Heat: EN 54-5: 5 5 5 NN NS NS 7.1 a) General Under flat ceilings In general the performance of heat or smoke detectors depends on the presence of a ceiling close above the detectors.1. the radii given in Table A.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) A. NN .1 gives the operating radius of a detector mounted within this 5 % band. but may be used in special applications.5 7.5 7.5 7. in addition to the detectors installed close to the ceiling. For heat or smoke detectors which are outside the scope of existing standards (other than the compatibility requirements of EN 54-13). further detectors may be mounted at the expected stratification height.5 a) NS NS . If adverse temperature gradients exist in the protected area then the rising plume from the fire may flatten and form a layer before reaching the ceiling. Where the ceilings are curved. If the height of this layer is predictable. then.Not suitable for use in the given range of heights. the horizontal distance from any place in a protected area to the nearest detector within that area should not exceed the operating radius given in Table A.1 may be increased by 1 % for each 1° of ceiling slope. the horizontal distance from any place in a protected area to the nearest detector beam should not exceed the operating radius given in Table A. Because of the possible existence of a cold boundary layer.5 height (m) > 4.1. Table A.6. up to a maximum increase of 25 %. 47 .5 NN NS 7.5.5 Grade 1 Smoke: Point: EN 54-7 Beam EN 54-12 7. Table A. For optical beam type detectors.
or at any point where the air velocity may exceed 1 m/s. and if the air-handling equipment is switched off then smoke from a fire will be slow in reaching the detectors. partitions or storage racks reaching to within 0. Where the air inlet is through a perforated ceiling. Detectors should not be mounted directly in the fresh air input from air conditioning systems. The dilution caused by the extraction of clean air together with smoke reduces the effectiveness of duct-mounted smoke detectors as a general fire detection and alarm system. Where the air from several extract points is combined into one duct the effectiveness of a smoke detector in the combined duct may be further reduced by dilution or stratification of the smoke.2 m then the detector should be mounted within the middle third of the width. corner or junction of at least three times the width of the ducting (see Figure A. A clear space of at least 0. If the difference in height between the top and bottom of an apex is less than 5 % of the height of the apex above the floor. e) Detectors in air ducts Smoke detectors may be mounted in air ducts. If the room is narrower than 1. these smoke detectors should only be considered as providing local cover and as supplementing a normal fire detection system. c) Walls. d) Ventilation and air movement If the room ventilation rate exceeds five changes per hour then additional detectors may be required above the spacing provision recommended above. the ceiling should be imperforate for a radius of at least 0. then the roof may be treated as if it were flat.5 m of any walls or partitions. at a distance from the nearest bend.1). Air velocities greater than 5 m/s can cause false alarms from ionisation chamber smoke detectors. In order to avoid the effects of air turbulence. either to protect against the spread of smoke by an air conditioning system or as part of the local protection of machinery. smoke detectors or probes should be installed in a straight stretch of ducting. the dividers should be considered as if they reached the ceiling and the sections should be considered as separate rooms. The use of exploratory means (such as smoke tracers) to detect the air flow pattern and to determine suitable siting for additional detectors is recommended in such cases. Although they may be connected to the fire detection system.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) If the protected space has a pitched roof or north-light roof then detectors should be installed within each apex. 48 .6 m round each detector. If detectors are to be mounted within 1 m of any air inlet. then special attention should be given to the effects of the airflow on to the detector. Where rooms are divided into sections by walls.3 m of the ceiling. partitions and obstructions Detectors (other than optical beam smoke detectors) should not be mounted within 0.5 m should be kept in all directions below each detector.
The internal volume of the cells covered by a single detector should not exceed: for heat detectors : 2 V = 6 m × (H-h).13(H-h) : detector in every third cell Where : D is the distance between the beams (m). a single point-type detector may cover a group of cells. Aspirating detectors may be particularly suitable for use where the air speed in the duct is likely to be particularly high or to vary widely.25(H-h) : detector in every cell D < 0.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) 1 2 4 3 Key 1 airflow 2 detector probe 3 duct width 4 minimum smoke detector installation distance from a duct bend.25(H-h) : detector in every second cell D < 0. 49 . within the radius limits of Table A.1.1 should be applied. corner or junction Figure A. f) Ceiling irregularities Ceilings having irregularities with depths less than 5 % of the ceiling height should be treated as if they were flat and the radius limits of Table A. then.1 — Detector positioning in ventilation ducts In high speed air flows some designs of smoke detector may malfunction. Any ceiling irregularity (such as a beam) having a depth greater than 5 % of the ceiling height should be treated as a wall. and these should be installed where necessary. Manufacturers of such detectors will usually provide ancillary sampling tubes or windshields. measured from outside to outside H is the room height (m) h is the depth of the beam (m) If the ceiling arrangement is such as to form a series of small cells (as in a honeycomb). and the following requirements shall apply: D > 0.
the beam height should be measured from the upper surface of the false floor.2 – Illustration of room height and beam depth Key H room height (m) h depth of the beam (m) In rooms with false floors. If: 3) the perforations make up more than 40 % of any 1 m × 1 m section of the ceiling. the siting of the detectors should be considered under two headings: 1) protection against fires starting below the false ceiling. then fire detectors should be sited above the false ceiling. and 5) the thickness of the ceiling is not greater than three times the minimum dimension of a perforation. and 4) the dimensions of each individual perforation exceeds 10 mm × 10 mm. g) Detection above false ceilings Where a room has a perforated false ceiling. 2) protection against fires starting above the false ceiling. then protection against fires starting below the false ceiling requires detectors to be sited below the false ceiling. Where : h H Figure A. Such cases require individual 50 .CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 2 for smoke detectors : V = 12 m × (H-h). If there is a risk of fire starting above the false ceiling. then detectors above the false ceiling may be used for the detection of fire starting below the false ceiling. and there is no ventilation pressure to draw smoke through the false ceiling. If the perforations in the false ceiling are small. and detectors below the false ceiling may be omitted.
4 Manual call points Manual call points should be so located that no person in the premises need travel more than 30 m to reach a manual call point.g. above false ceilings or under floors) then duplicate identifications should be provided which are visible from the floor. or where detectors are used without ceilings) then the limits of operating height should be as given in Table A.3 Flame detectors No further recommendations.2 m and 1.6. A. h) Detection below false floors Where rooms have false floors.6.4.6 m above the floor.8 a) to c).5. A.3.4.2 Heat and smoke detectors Each protected room or enclosed space should contain at least one detector. Detectors not under ceilings In the absence of a ceiling or stratification layer. In premises where the expected users may be handicapped in movement the travel distance should be reduced.6.6. detectors should be mounted below the floors as if the under-floor void was another room.4. without requiring the use of ladders or similar equipment. A21 or B1 (see EN 13501-1) and there is no fire load beneath it. unless: i) 1) the false floor is perforated as specified in A.4.6.1. A. and the degree of ventilation which might draw smoke through the false ceiling.6. A. A.1 General No further recommendations. the fire products will be confined to the rising plume above the fire. This identification should be visible from the floor.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) consideration based on the type. Particular attention should be taken.1.5 % of the height of the detector above the highest likely seat of fire. then identification numbers or letters should be attached to or adjacent detectors and manual call points duplicating the indications given at the control and indicating equipment.5 Identification If detector labels are used to provide the necessary cross-relation between detectors and control and indicating equipment. that these manual call points can still be operated when required. In general. and the effective operating radius (for either heat or smoke detectors) should be taken as 12. If the detectors are hidden (e. 51 .6.5 Alarm systems and devices A. or 2) the false floor is of material having a reaction to fire rating of class A11. number and area of the perforations. the type and quantity of combustible. If heat or smoke detectors are used to detect fire products in the rising plume (such as where optical beam detectors are used at low levels in atria. It may be necessary to install manual call points in relatively close proximity to particular fire hazards. manual call points should be fixed at a height of between 1.
A minimum of two sounders should be provided in the building even if the recommended sound level could be achieved with a single sounder. whichever is the greater.2 a) Sound signals Sound levels The fire alarm sound should have a minimum level of either 65 dB(A). c) Alarm devices The number and type of fire alarm devices used should be sufficient to produce the sound level recommended in A.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) A. short. if the users of the premise are trained in this fire response strategy and a misinterpretation by visitors is excluded. In special circumstances intermittent sounders or a variation in frequency and amplitude. It is unlikely that sound levels in a room will be satisfactory if it is separated from the nearest sounder by more than one door.1. 4) that the received sound is understandable. except that the level should be at least 10 dB(A) above other sounds likely to persist for 30 s or more. 2) that all voice messages are clear. e) Voice alarm systems Where the transmitted alarm is a voice message the following should be ensured: 52 1) that a suitable alarm (either recorded or synthesized) is provided which can be automatically transmitted in response to a fire signal. d) Sound continuity The sound of the fire alarm should be continuous. can also be used.6. At least one sounder should be provided in each fire compartment.1. b) Sound frequency The fire alarm sound should be in a frequency range easily audible to the usual occupants of the building. as far as practicable. If the alarm is intended to arouse sleeping persons then the minimum sound level at the bedhead should be 75 dB(A).4. If required. unambiguous and. The sound level should not exceed 120 dB(A) at any point where people are likely to be. this transmission should not depend on the presence of an operator. 3) that the level of sound in the building satisfies A. type 2. as in a warbling note.6. . sounds having a significant part of their energy in the range from 500 Hz to 2000 Hz will be audible to most people. with slow response and 'A' weighting.1. preplanned. A larger number of quieter sounders rather than a few very loud sounders may be preferable in order to prevent excessive sound levels in some areas.5. These minimum levels should be reached at any point at which the alarm sound is required to be heard. sound levels should be measured using an instrument complying with IEC 651. or 5 dB(A) above any other noise likely to persist for a period longer than 30 s.1. In general.4. either immediately or after an agreed delay.6.
7) that during fire alarm conditions all audio input sources are automatically disconnected except for the fire microphone(s) (see (h)) and the speech modules (or equivalent message generators) which give the warning. These should be retained in circuit so that announcements and instructions (relating only to the emergency) can be given.3 Repeat controls No further recommendations.1 Power supply equipment No further recommendations. A. cannot be confused with the fire alarm signals and that fire alarm signals have the highest priority.6.6. A.6.7 Power supplies A. These requirements should be considered in the consultations of 5.2 Repeat indications No further recommendations. Additional zone maps or zone cards may be necessary at other locations to meet the requirements of fire brigades. Use of the fire alarm sound for other purposes In general fire alarm sounds should be used for other purposes only if the response required is identical to that which would be required in a fire. A. 53 . A. there may be requirements for signs showing the location of the control and indicating equipment.e. e.6 Control and indication A. i.2.7. A.6.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) f) 5) that other signals.1 Location of control and indicating equipment Where control and indicating equipment is remote from the fire brigade entrance.6. If any other response is required then the fire alarm sounds should not be used unless accompanied by other information. as defined in the consultations of 5. etc.6. one or more microphones should be designated as fire microphones.2 Main power source No further recommendations. meal-break.6. and that 'fill-in' signals similar to those of conventional sounders are used wherever periods of silence might otherwise exceed 10 s.6.6.g.7. start and stop work.4 Alarm location aids A clear and properly orientated zone map (which may be a mimic diagram) or a set of zone cards should be provided near to the control equipment. 8) that if the fire routine requires messages to be given by a person. Access to the fire microphones should be limited to authorised persons. A. immediate evacuation of the area in which the alarm is sounding by the use of any route designated as a fire exit.6.2.6. 6) that the time interval between successive messages does not exceed 30 s.6.
2 Protection against fire a) General Cables which may need to function for more than 1 minute after detection of a fire should either be able to withstand the effects of fire and firefighting for at least 30 min or be given suitable protection able to withstand the effects for that period. A.6. A. the standby supply should be capable of maintaining the system in operation for at least 72 h.9 Other equipment or systems No further recommendations. 54 .6. The period may be further reduced to 4 h if spares.10. either by local or remote supervision of the system. and a repair contract is in force giving a maximum repair period of less than 24 h. after which sufficient capacity should remain to provide the alarm load for at least 30 min. Advice should be obtained from the battery manufacturer. then the minimum standby capacity may be reduced from 72 h to 30 h. 4) interconnections between a main control and indicating equipment and any repeat control panel. NOTE 2 Battery capacities are usually specified in terms of the current which can be delivered in a 20 hr discharge period.1 Cable types No further recommendations.2.6. Such cables may include: 1) interconnections between a control and indicating equipment and any separate power supply equipment.6. Where there will be immediate notification of failure.6. A. 5) any cable which may be required to operate after a delay for investigation of the fire. The standby durations given above are considered sufficient for most normal applications. 3) interconnections between a main control and indicating equipment and any repeat indicator panel.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) A.7. A.3 Standby supply To allow for possible failures of equipment or of the incoming main supply. In general the use of an initial capacity 25 % higher than the calculated capacity has been found to be satisfactory. repair personnel and a standby generator are available on-site at all times.6. There will be some applications in which greater durations are required.10.8 Signals to a fire alarm receiving station No further recommendations. 2) interconnections between separated parts of a control and indicating equipment.10 Cables and interconnections A. NOTE 1 Allowance should be made for reduction in battery capacity due to ageing. Under higher discharge rates (such as may be found in the alarm condition) the battery capacity may be significantly below its nominal value. including cables between alarm devices and their power supply. Where increases are to be made the requirements should be considered in the consultations of 5.
7. Such interference could come from two main sources: a) Mishandling. A. often while cables of other systems are being worked on. Where faults resulting from such a fire may: i) adversely affect functions (other than detection) in more than one zone.7 Installation A.3.1 General No further recommendations. whichever is the greater A.7. channels and trunking No further recommendations.7. and it is essential that they suffer no interference. A.2 Cable ducts. alarm devices etc. disconnection or other manual interference with the cable.3. 55 . manual call points. A.1 General No further recommendations A.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) b) Special Requirements for cables joining control equipment to other devices (detectors. then the circuit’s cables within that compartment should be given sufficient protection to enable them to withstand the effects of fire and firefighting for the specified period or for 30 min.7.2 Siting and accommodation of equipment No further recommendations.3 Cable installation A.3.3 Cable routing The cables which interconnect the components of a fire alarm system themselves form an important part of the system. 2) Loops A large fire in a single unprotected compartment is likely to cause multiple faults to the cable of any unprotected circuit in that compartment. or ii) be able to withstand the effects of fire and firefighting for at least 30 min or be given suitable protection able to withstand the effects for that period. and ii) these functions are essential to the fire routine for a period as specified in the documentation of 5.) 1) Spur lines These should either: i) be run through an area which is covered by fire detection devices in such a way that the occurrence of fire will lead to an alarm condition at the CIE.7.6.7.
Where fire alarm cables are mounted in reserved ducting. or e) coloured throughout the length of the cable sheath or outer covering by a distinctive colour (e. Fire alarm cables should be either : d) suitably marked or labelled at intervals not exceeding 2 m to indicate their function and the need for segregation. Segregation can be achieved by one or more of the following: c) installation in conduit.g.10 Use of the system No further recommendations. Segregation of the fire alarm power supply cables need not be applied on the supply side of the isolating protective device (see 6. or f) enclosed in ducting.9 Third party approval No further recommendations. the cables should be completely enclosed when the covers of the ducting.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) b) Electrical interference.8. red). trunking or channels. trunking or channelling are in place.3 m) from cables of other systems. trunking or channels reserved for fire alarm cables : 1) separation from other cables by a mechanically strong. none of the cores should be used for circuits other than those of fire alarms. A. Cables carrying power in excess of extra-low voltage should be separated from other fire alarm cables. To reduce such interference fire alarm cables should be segregated from cables of other systems. flexible cable or flexible cord are used for interconnections in fire alarm circuits. rigid and continuous partition of material meeting the requirements of classes A1. 56 . often due to the proximity of other cables carrying strong transient power or signals. Where multicore cable. A. A2 or B of EN 13501-1. trunking or a channel reserved for fire alarm circuits and marked to indicate this reservation. In particular. and all covers should be securely fixed.2). ducting. the mains supply cable should not be brought in through the same cable entry as cables carrying extra-low voltage power or signals.8 Commissioning and verification No further recommendations A. 3) the use of electrically shielded cables. 2) mounting at an adequate distance (usually at least 0.
testing or silencing. ink or ribbon on any printer are adequate. A.11. NOTE A procedure should be adopted that ensures that deleterious functions such as the release of extinguishant are not carried out. where appropriate. b) Monthly attention At least once a month the user and/or owner should ensure that: 1) any standby generator required to meet the recommendations of 6. and that its fuel levels are checked and. 2) that any alarm recorded since the previous working day has received appropriate attention. where necessary.11 Maintenance A. ii) that the indicator test facility (as required under 12.1 Maintenance routine The following maintenance routine should be adopted.11 of EN 54-2:1997) is operated and any defective indicator is noted.3 is started. replenished : i) that the reserves of paper. 57 .11. sound the alarm and operates any other warning or ancillary devices. the system has been properly restored after any disablement. Any defect observed should be recorded in the log book and corrective action should be taken as soon as possible. c) Quarterly attention At least once every 3 months the user and/or owner should ensure that a competent person: 1) checks all entries in the log book and takes any action necessary to bring the system into correct operation. 2) operates at least one detector or manual call point in each zone. 3) that.1 General No further recommendations. Any defect observed should be recorded in the log book and corrective action should be taken as soon as possible.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) A.8.2 Inspection and servicing A. or that any variations from quiescent conditions are recorded in the log book and where appropriate reported to the servicing organisation.11. a) Daily attention The user and/or owner should ensure that on every working day a check is made: 1) that either the panel indicates quiescent condition. to test whether the control and indicating equipment receives and displays the correct signal.2.
5) makes a visual inspection to check whether structural or occupancy changes have affected the requirements for the siting of manual call points.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) 3) checks the fault monitoring functions of the control and indicating equipment. d) Yearly attention At least once every year the user and/or owner should ensure that a competent person: 1) carries out the inspection and test routines recommended daily. operates any link to the fire brigade or remote manned centre. monthly and quarterly.11. Any defect observed should be recorded in the log book and corrective action should be taken as soon as possible. NOTE 1 Although each detector should be checked annually. detectors and sounders. A. and if so carries out the visual inspection of A.1d) 5). A.2. undamaged and adequately protected. 7) enquires whether there have been any structural or occupancy changes which might have affected the requirements for the siting of manual call points. it is permissible for 25 % of the detectors to be tested at each of the 3-monthly inspections. Any defect observed should be recorded in the logbook and corrective action should be taken as soon as possible. 5) where permissible. 4) makes a visual inspection to confirm that all cable fittings and equipment are secure. NOTE 2 A procedure should be adopted that ensures that deleterious functions such as the release of extinguishant are not carried out. 3) checks the ability of the control and indicating equipment to operate any ancillary function. The visual inspection should also confirm that a clear space of at least 0. detectors and sounders. 6) carries out all further checks and tests specified by the installer.5 m is preserved in all directions below every detector and that all manual call points remain unobstructed and conspicuous.11.4 Repair and modification No further recommendations.3 Special servicing No further recommendations. supplier or manufacturer. 6) examines and tests all batteries.11. 2) checks each detector for correct operation in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. 4) checks the ability of the control and indicating equipment to operate any door holding or door release function. 58 .
6 Documentation On completion of the quarterly and yearly inspections the body responsible for the testing should provide the responsible person with signed confirmation that testing recommended by A. A.1d) has been completed and that any identified deficiencies of the system have been notified to the responsible person.16 Hierarchical systems No further recommendations.1c) and A.13 Operation of other fire protection systems No further recommendations A.11.2. A. A. A.11.2. A. 59 .15 Integrated systems No further recommendations.11.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) A.14 Application in special risks No further recommendations.5 Spares No further recommendations.11.12 Modification or extension of an installed system No further recommendations.
or in neglect of. Common causes of false alarms include the following (not necessarily given in order of importance): a) work being carried out in a protected area without knowledge of. all these may be due to normal processes or activities or to unusual extremes of the environment. 60 . B. poor installation. dusts (including slow accumulations of dust and disturbed aerial dusts).2 Smoke detectors False alarms signalled by smoke detectors may be caused by smoke and other fumes. f) inadequate servicing. fumes from engine exhausts. Optical beam smoke detectors will often give false alarms if the beam is accidentally partially obstructed. e) electrical transients (such as from lightning or switch-on surges) or radio interference (such as from cellular phones). They may also result from adverse environmental conditions not taken into account in the system design. or the entry of insects. g) the build-up of dust or dirt within a detector.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Annex B (informative) False alarms B. the necessary precautions. Some types of beam detectors may give false alarms when subjected to bright sunlight or intense light sources such as photographic flash. steam or condensation. poor usage or poor maintenance.1 Prevention of false alarms It is essential that the utmost care should be taken by system designers. False alarms may be the result of poor equipment. often resulting from the effects of vibration. fibres. b) ambient conditions such as heat. impact or corrosion. i) accidental or malicious operation of manual call points or detectors. c) mechanical and electrical faults. poor system design. smoke or flame from cooking or work processes. d) servicing or testing work carried out without prior notification to the fire brigade or central alarm station. h) change of use or changes within the building. or high air velocities. particularly in the late summer period. Insect infestation may be a significant problem. apart from those obstructions due to human activities. obstructions due to perching by birds or by bats has been reported. installers and users to reduce the incidence of false alarms.
ionisation chamber and optical scattering sensors. Such a sequence may occur.4 Flame detectors Ultraviolet flame detectors sense the ultraviolet radiation emitted by flames. moving tree branches or the blades of a fan. Ordinary window glass will screen ultraviolet radiation. Some types are sensitive to high air speeds and may give false alarms if mounted in windy situations. while the doors are open the detector may be exposed to winter conditions. The increased amount of information coming from the combination can significantly reduce the number of false alarms caused by environmental conditions. B. including diesel exhausts and fumes from self-cleaning ovens. or infrared and ultraviolet flame sensors. high humidity may cause problems.5 Multi-phenomena systems Systems are now becoming available in which more than one operating principle is used to detect fire. (The component of solar ultraviolet to which detectors would respond is filtered out by the high-altitude ozone layer of the earth's atmosphere. 61 . or. but may be used to alert personnel to the need for an inspection. If such conditions are likely. thus reducing the number of false alarms and possibly giving earlier fire action. Such pre-warnings should not initiate a full fire alarm. The benefits of these systems depend on the algorithm used to make the fire decision. Such systems may have more than one sensor in a single detector housing. particularly if the detectors have previously been contaminated by materials which can absorb water. Because of the very low currents used in the ionization chambers. by introducing an appropriate shade.3 Heat detectors False alarms may be caused by abnormal increases in temperature due to space heating equipment. B. for instance. with the objective of obtaining a better differentiation between fire and non-fire conditions. Typical combinations may include smoke and heat sensors. in a loading bay with large doors to the outside. ionizing radiation. taking care that the screen does not also obscure likely sites for fire. They may be prevented by installing detectors with appropriate higher temperature settings.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) Ionization chamber smoke detectors are highly sensitive to smokes made up of very small particles.) Known sources of ultraviolet light should be screened from the detector. then detectors without a rate-of-rise response should be used. They are liable to respond to sources such as lightning. B.6 Pre-alarm warnings In some types of system an early warning can be given of conditions which might (or might not) represent a fire. This type of detector should be insensitive to steady infra-red sources such as very hot objects or sunlight. or may combine the readings from several different detectors. B. but they do not respond to sunlight. False alarms from rate-of-rise heat detectors may also be caused by a rapid temperature increase to normal room conditions following exposure to low temperatures. industrial processes or sunshine. but may be operated if this steady light becomes modulated by. ultraviolet lamps and quartz-halogen lamps unless the detection system can discriminate between various sources. in the case of direct sunlight. for example. Most infra-red flame detectors operate by detecting the flickering component of the infra-red radiation from a fire. followed by rapid heating when the doors are closed. Infra-red flame detectors may be made solar blind.
The risk of false alarms should be subordinate to the need to guarantee the required level of protection during silent hours. An indicator light on. Various options are available and each should be considered in the light of the fire risk and type of occupancy. but the delay should not extend more than 45 min after the last operation of the switch. e) in a system which allows variable detection algorithms. so that the correct degree of cover is available at all times. The override switch should not be capable of switching the full cover to the restricted cover. the control and indicating equipment should show whether the system is switched to the working or silent hours state. Switching to the silent hours condition should not rely on human action or discretion.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) B. c) factory and commercial premises that are active for only part of the day. should be available to allow full cover to be provided during periods when the building is unexpectedly unoccupied. should be implemented until agreement has been reached under the procedures outlined in 5. Any condition likely to result in an increased size of fire at detection should be used only when trained staff are present on the premises and a risk assessment has been carried out. No such options. No automatic switching devices should be readily accessible to the system user. on or adjacent to the control equipment. it should be an entirely automatic procedure at a predetermined time.8) may be used during working hours.2. Repeated switch operations may be used to extend the delay. for either new or existing systems. it may be useful to consider an activity related system. a system of pre-transmission confirmation (see B. Weekends should be pre-programmed into the system time switch. it may be possible to use different algorithms (or change the recognition patterns) during working hours so that the system is less likely to give false operation in response to conditions which may commonly arise during working hours. particularly where the presence and behaviour patterns of people make it unlikely that a fire would go undetected by human agency. except that in places like a hotel bar it is permissible to delay the change to the more sensitive state by a manual switch operation at access level 2. b) hotels. A manual override switch. 62 . Instances of where activity related systems might be employed include the following: a) schools. outside working hours).e. boarding houses and other residential premises. In commercial premises it may sometimes be acceptable for the automatic changeover to occur when the main access door is closed and locked for the night. A few examples of activity related systems are listed below : d) the simplest application could be for a system that switched from manual detection during the working hours to automatic detection in silent hours (i. or adjacent to. f) protection by smoke detectors in silent hours could be changed to heat detectors during working hours. and the system design should not permit the action of this switch to be temporarily or permanently cancelled by any automatic function. g) as a last resort.7 Activity related systems Where human or industrial activity during working or wakeful hours could result in false alarms. The procedures for dealing with public and works holidays and with time changes to and from Summer Time should be clearly understood by the user.
c) if during the delay period the alarm is found to be a real fire. The period of delay should only be alterable by properly authorised and trained persons. that the delay will only be used when staff are available to investigate the cause of the alarm.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) B. not exceeding 2 min. If investigations show that the transmission system may have significant delays between the sending of the alarm from the protected premises and its reception by the fire brigade. d) if the alarm can be shown to be false. For this purpose the inclusion in the control and indicating equipment of an output delay (allowed as an option under EN 54-2) or the provision of a separate alarm transmission delay unit may be considered.8 Pre-transmission confirmation In some (but not all) circumstances where there is a high incidence of false alarms which cannot be reduced by other measures. the total possible delay should be related to the expected attendance time. a note made of any indication which might throw light on the origin of the alarm. If an alarm transmission delay unit is used then the normal sequence of events in the event of an alarm should be as follows: a) if the alarm is raised by a manual call point then the normal functions of the system in both sounding the internal alarm and transmitting the alarm to the remote centre should continue without delay (i. If no acknowledgement action is made. but with the fire able to grow and spread. then these delays should be taken into account in assessing the desirability of an alarm transmission delay unit. Resetting of the system should inhibit transmission of the alarm unless the system again goes into the alarm state.5). accessible alarm transmission switch should also be provided so that a call to the fire brigade can be made without delay if necessary. The system outlined under a) to d) above has a possibility that (if no one starts a search) a delay of up to 10 min might be experienced with no action being taken. Satisfactory arrangements (such as a time switch) should be made to disconnect the device during periods when the internal investigation of alarms cannot be undertaken immediately. During this period the existence of an alarm should be acknowledged by a manual action at the control panel. An alarm transmission delay unit should not be incorporated into a fire alarm system unless the responsible person is satisfied that all other reasonable measures have been taken to prevent false alarms of fire. A simple. 63 . During this period the sounding of the internal alarms will depend on decisions made in defining the fire routine (see 5. that the unit would not prejudice the level of fire precautions within the protected premises. it may be desirable to delay the automatic transmission of an alarm to the fire brigade for a sufficient time to allow the alarm to be investigated. and that both the proposed unit and the arrangements for its use are acceptable to the fire insurer and the fire brigade. An alarm transmission delay should not delay or otherwise affect the operation of audible or visual alarms or any other part of the fire alarm system. and the system should be reset. then the internal alarms should be silenced. the alarm transmission delay should not operate). and in such cases the use of transmission delay units will not be acceptable. with no actual fire. then a manual operation at the control panel or the operation of any manual call point should cause an immediate transmission of the alarm.e. To reduce the risk of this occurring the search period may start with an acknowledgement period. b) if the alarm is initiated by an automatic detector then the call to the fire brigade or central alarm station may be delayed for a search period not exceeding 10 min. Even where rapid attendance by the fire brigade is not essential. then at the end of the acknowledgement period all delayed outputs should be activated. In many applications rapid attendance by the fire brigade is essential.
installer. such as the system designer.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) B. maintainer or inspection organisation. 64 .9 Investigation of false alarms Installed systems which are the subject of a series of false alarms should be referred to an organisation having specialist knowledge.
b) certificate of installation. d) certificate of acceptance. c) certificate of commissioning and verification. 65 . it is permissible (and may be desirable) for them to be combined into one document.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) Annex C (informative) Model documents This Annex gives models for : a) certificate of design. Although the various certificates are here shown separately. e) system logbook. or to be bound into the system logbook.
.. and that the system as designed conforms to the appropriate recommendations given in CEN/TS 54-14.......... Additional information: Figure C...... Address of premises ...................................................................6) except for such variations as have been agreed in compliance with Clause 4....................................... (including the requirements covered in the documentation prepared under 5....................................................….............................................................................................…………................…………....3 of CEN/TS 54-14 and are listed below.... Type of system (where appropriate)..…....….............................................................. ....1 — Model certificate of design 66 ..........…….........................................................................................................................…………..................Tel No....CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) CERTIFICATE OF DESIGN Protected area..........Tel No............................................... ______________________________________________________ Details of variations from the recommendations of CEN/TS 54-14 (or the numbers of documents in which the details are given).............………….. the design work carried out and covered by this certificate is shown on drawings numbers ................................................ I/We hereby certify that the fire detection and alarm system at the above premises has been designed by me/us...................................................………....................................................... Designer’s name....................................13 of CEN/TS 54-14.................................................................................................................................................. Designer’s address .............………...........................................….... As recommended in Clause 6......... ................................………….............. For and on behalf of .................................................................. Signature of person responsible for design of the system........................……….. Status ............................... Date........................................................
.....……................ Date.................................................................................................. For and on behalf of .......................................................... Installer’s name..............................................................................................……….....………….........................CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) CERTIFICATE OF INSTALLATION Protected area.................................................. I/We hereby certify that the fire detection and alarm system at the above premises has been installed by me/us in accordance with the system designer’s specification................................... ............…………..........................................................…...............5 of CEN/TS 54-14...................................................................................................................................... and in accordance with Clause 7 of CEN/TS 54-14..…...................................... ....……….....................................................…..................................................................…………............................................................................Tel No.........................………...Tel No.................................. Additional information: Figure C........................................ As recommended by 7......................................................... Signature of person responsible for the installation of the system................ Address of premises ........................................... the work carried out and covered by this certificate is shown on drawing numbers : ...............…..........................................2 — Model certificate of installation 67 .................. Installer’s address .......................................................... Status ..............………...
......................................... ............................. Address .................................................................................Tel No..................................................................................3 — Model certificate of commissioning and verification 68 ...........................................….............…………....... Signature of person responsible for commissioning and testing the system ......................................................... Address of premises ............……………………………….............................................................................................................. Status ........ and that the system as inspected conforms to the appropriate recommendations given in CEN/TS 54-14........................................................................ For and on behalf of .....................................................………................................................ System commissioned and tested by (Company).....……….................................................................................................. except for such variations as are listed below........................... Date................. Additional information: Figure C.... ______________________________________________________ Details of variations from the recommendations of CEN/TS 54-14 (or the numbers of documents in which the details are given).......... I/We hereby certify that the fire detection and alarm system at the above premises has been inspected by me/us in accordance with the system designer’s specification...……...... ...............………......................................................………........…………...................…………...................................................…………...........................CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) CERTIFICATE OF COMMISSIONING AND VERIFICATION Protected area..........Tel No..........................
..............................................................................………................... Additional information: Figure C.......………...........................………….. Status ...............4................... to Clause 10 (Use of the system)................................................ ... Clause 11 (Maintenance) and Annex B (False alarms)..................... and received by: Signed ......…..... .......................................................4 — Model certificate of acceptance 69 ................... Address of premises .............. For and on behalf of (purchaser) .......................... log book..............…………............................................ No................ routine attention and maintenance of the system have been supplied...............5 and 8...... my attention has been drawn to the recommendations of CEN/TS 54-14............................................... commissioning and testing of the fire detection and alarm system at: Protected area............ Date ......................... record drawings and instructions for use......................... In accordance with sub-clauses 7........... Tel..............................................CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE Following the certification of the installation............ in particular................................
...................... service visits and any other significant occurrences) should be properly recorded.................... .......................................... Date Time Alarm counter reading Event Action required Expendable components: Replacement due: ...................................... Date ................................ Reference data Name and address ........ ............................... ...... Responsible person ..................... Event data All events (including fire alarms................................. The system was installed by …………............................................................................... Date .................. and is maintained under contract by . disablements............................................. false alarms....................... ................................................ tests.................5 — Model logbook 70 ................. ..................................................................................... ....................................................................................... ..................……............ temporary disconnections.......................... pre-alarm warnings......……................................ Date completed Initials ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ Figure C....…………………………………………………………................................................................................. Telephone number ....................... .......................................... .......……........ Date .................................. …..................................... faults.... until ..........……………………............................................................................ A brief note of any work carried out or outstanding should be made............CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) SYSTEM LOGBOOK Foreword A responsible executive should be appointed to oversee or carry out all entries in this logbook............……………………………………........... ............ should be contacted if service is required........................................ Date .................................................. The name of this person (and any changes of responsible person) should be recorded............................... ..................……….....................
CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E)
Model list of fire loadings for different cable types
The cable details and fire loading Figures shown in Tables D.1, D.2 and D.3 are included for
illustrative purposes only and may be applied where more exact Figures are not available.
Table D.1 — Cables for voltages up to 1 000 V
Cable core and crosssection data
NYCY/
NHXHX NHXCX
CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E)
2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1.1 3.1 MJ/m – – – – – – – – – – – – – MJ/m 0.6 100 x 0.5 8.CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Table D.4 7.0 5.6 24 x 0.6 60 x 0.6 0.9 9.0 4.6 50 x 0.8 0.2 8.6 16 x 0.6 6x 0.8 0.8 10.5 – – – – – – – – – .2 — Telephone and data cables Cable core and crosssection data Number of Wire pair cross wire pairs section 2 n mm 2x 0.2 4.6 11.8 1.6 3.9 3.0 3.8 6.6 2x 4x 8x 12 x 16 x 20 x 24 x 28 x 32 x 36 x 40 x 44 x 48 x 56 x 60 x 64 x 68 x 72 x 76 x 80 x 74 0.4 2.4 2.6 20 x 0.1 8.9 6.7 1.9 3.1 2.5 2.2 – – 6.8 0.4 MJ/m – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.8 0.0 13.8 0.8 0.9 2.6 80 x 0.1 6.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 4x 0.6 7.6 10 x 0.2 1.4 4.4 5.0 1.8 0.8 2.8 Cable type Halogenated Non-halogenated I-YY Bd IE-Y(St) Y Bd I-HH Bd IE-H(ST)H Bd MJ/m 0.6 30 x 0.8 0.8 1.8 0.5 4.8 0.0 1.4 0.4 1.4 1.6 40 x 0.2 5.2 7.4 4.8 0.4 – 7.8 0.6 5.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 8.1 – 4.6 1.8 0.0 1.
0 53.0 38.3 — Cables for voltages over 1 000 V Cable core and crosssection data n 3x 3x 3x 3x 3x 2 mm 35 50 70 95 120 n 1x 1x 1x 1x 1x mm 16 16 16 16 16 2 Cable type Halogenated Non-halogenated NA2 x SEY NYSEY – – MJ/m MJ/m – – 37.0 39.CEN/TS 54-14:2004(E) Table D.0 – – 60.1 – – 53.0 – – 47.0 – – 42.0 – – 75 .0 58.0 42.
Part 17: Short circuit isolators EN 13501-1. Fire detection and fire alarm systems . Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 3: Fire alarm devices – Sounders EN 54-4. Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification using test data from reaction to fire tests 76 . Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 4: Power supply equipment EN 54-5. transmitted light or ionization EN 54-10. Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 10: Flame detectors – Point detectors EN 54-11.Part 13: System requirements prEN 54-17. Fire detection and fire alarm systems .CEN/TS 54-14:2004 (E) Bibliography EN 54-2:1997. Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 7: Smoke detectors – Point detectors using scattered light. Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 2: Control and indicating equipment EN 54-3. Fire detection and fire alarm systems . Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 5: Heat detectors – Point detectors EN 54-7. Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 11: Manual call points EN 54-12.Part 12: Smoke detectors — Line detectors using an optical light beam prEN 54-13.
Mm Final ExpoUploaded by Ana nikole Sanabria Ovando
actividad 111Uploaded by JUDITH BURBANO MUÑOZ
Tarea Ejemplos Estabilidad de TaludesUploaded by Johann Krlos Lopez Veramendi
Kegiatan Survey JalanUploaded by Azarya Samara
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25Uploaded by angel
skema Kapar AmpuUploaded by Bujang Enam