Source: https://regulations.justia.com/regulations/fedreg/2006/12/07/E6-20639.html
Timestamp: 2020-08-08 16:15:33
Document Index: 239813413

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 52', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'arts 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 81', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 58', 'art 50', 'art 58', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 51', 'art 58', 'art 58', 'art 51', 'art 93', 'art 93', 'art 52', 'art 81', 'art 67', 'art 1', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'arts 1', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 81', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 58', 'art 50', 'art 58', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 1', 'art 2']

Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; MI; Redesignation of Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas to Attainment for Ozone, 70915-70930 [E6-20639] :: Environmental Protection Agency :: Regulation Tracker :: Justia
Justia Regulation Tracker Environmental Protection Agency Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; MI; Redesignation of Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas to Attainment for Ozone, 70915-70930 [E6-20639]
Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; MI; Redesignation of Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas to Attainment for Ozone, 70915-70930 [E6-20639]
Download as PDF Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses. Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy during normal business hours at the Air Protection Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, 1650 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. Copies of the State submittal are available at the Delaware Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Control, 89 Kings Highway, P.O. Box 1401, Dover, Delaware 19903. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Rosemarie Nino, (215) 814–3377, or by e-mail at nino.rose@epa.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: For further information, please see the information provided in the direct final action, entitled Delaware; Revision for Regulation 1102—Permits, that is located in the ‘‘Rules and Regulations’’ section of this Federal Register publication. Please note that if EPA receives adverse comment on an amendment, paragraph, or section of this rule and if that provision may be severed from the remainder of the rule, EPA may adopt as final those provisions of the rule that are not the subject of an adverse comment. Dated: November 21, 2006. William T. Wisniewski, Acting Regional Administrator, Region III. [FR Doc. E6–20652 Filed 12–6–06; 8:45 am] sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS BILLING CODE 6560–50–P VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Parts 52 and 81 [EPA–R05–OAR–2006–0517; FRL–8251–7] Approval and Promulgation of Implementation Plans and Designation of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; MI; Redesignation of Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County 8Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas to Attainment for Ozone AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to make determinations under the Clean Air Act (CAA) that the nonattainment areas of Grand Rapids (Kent and Ottawa Counties), Kalamazoo-Battle Creek (Calhoun, Kalamazoo, and Van Buren Counties), Lansing-East Lansing (Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties), Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County have attained the 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). These determinations are based on two threeyear periods of complete, qualityassured ambient air quality monitoring data for the 2002–2004 seasons and the 2003–2005 seasons that demonstrate that the 8-hour ozone NAAQS have been attained in the areas. EPA is proposing to approve requests from the State of Michigan to redesignate the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas to attainment of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) submitted these requests on May 9, 2006 and supplemented them on May 26, 2006 and August 25, 2006. In proposing to approve these requests, EPA is also proposing to approve, as revisions to the Michigan State Implementation Plan (SIP), the State’s plans for maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2018 in the areas. EPA also finds adequate and is proposing to approve the State’s 2018 Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets (MVEBs) for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. DATES: Comments must be received on or before January 8, 2007. ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA–R05– OAR–2006–0517, by one of the following methods: PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 70915 • http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. • E-mail: mooney.john@epa.gov. • Fax: (312) 886–5824. • Mail: John M. Mooney, Chief, Criteria Pollutant Section, Air Programs Branch, (AR–18J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604. • Hand delivery: John M. Mooney, Chief, Criteria Pollutant Section, Air Programs Branch, (AR–18J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, 18th floor, Chicago, Illinois 60604. Such deliveries are only accepted during the Regional Office normal hours of operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information. The Regional Office official hours of business are Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. excluding Federal holidays. Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA–R05–OAR–2006– 0517. EPA’s policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available online at www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through www.regulations.gov or e-mail. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which means EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without going through www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of encryption, and be free of any defects or viruses. For additional instructions on submitting comments, go to Section I of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this document. Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70916 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Air and Radiation Division, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604. This facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. We recommend that you telephone Kathleen D’Agostino, Environmental Engineer, at (312) 886–1767 before visiting the Region 5 office. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kathleen D’Agostino, Environmental Engineer, Criteria Pollutant Section, Air Programs Branch (AR–18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 886–1767, dagostino.kathleen@epa.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ‘‘we,’’ ‘‘us,’’ or ‘‘our’’ is used, we mean EPA. This supplementary information section is arranged as follows: Table of Contents I. What Should I Consider as I Prepare My Comments for EPA? II. What Actions Is EPA Proposing To Take? III. What Is the Background for These Actions? IV. What Are the Criteria for Redesignation? V. Why Is EPA Proposing To Take These Actions? VI. What Is the Effect of These Actions? VII. What Is EPA’s Analysis of the Requests? i. Attainment Determination and Redesignation ii. Adequacy of Michigan’s Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets VIII. What Actions Is EPA Taking Today? IX. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS I. What Should I Consider as I Prepare My Comments for EPA? A. Submitting CBI Do not submit this information to EPA through www.regulations.gov or e-mail. Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or CD ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD ROM as CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CD ROM the specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 inclusion in the public docket. Information so marked will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. B. Tips for Preparing Your Comments When submitting comments, remember to: 1. Identify the rulemaking by docket number and other identifying information (subject heading, Federal Register date and page number). 2. Follow directions—The EPA may ask you to respond to specific questions or organize comments by referencing a Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part or section number. 3. Explain why you agree or disagree; suggest alternatives and substitute language for your requested changes. 4. Describe any assumptions and provide any technical information and/ or data that you used. 5. If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you arrived at your estimate in sufficient detail to allow for it to be reproduced. 6. Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns, and suggest alternatives. 7. Explain your views as clearly as possible, avoiding the use of profanity or personal threats. 8. Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period deadline identified. II. What Actions Is EPA Proposing To Take? EPA is proposing to take several related actions. EPA is proposing to make determinations that the Grand Rapids (Kent and Ottawa Counties), Kalamazoo-Battle Creek (Calhoun, Kalamazoo and Van Buren Counties), Lansing-East Lansing (Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties), Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County, Michigan nonattainment areas have attained the 8-hour ozone standard and that these areas have met the requirements for redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. EPA is thus proposing to approve Michigan’s requests to change the legal designations of the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas from nonattainment to attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA is also proposing to approve Michigan’s maintenance plan SIP revisions for Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County (such approvals being one of the CAA criteria for redesignation to attainment status). The maintenance plans are designed to keep PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas in attainment of the ozone NAAQS through 2018. Additionally, EPA is announcing its action on the Adequacy Process for the newlyestablished 2018 MVEBs for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. The adequacy comment periods for the 2018 MVEBs began on June 1, 2006, with EPA’s posting of the availability of these submittals on EPA’s Adequacy Web site (at http://www.epa.gov/otaq/ stateresources/transconf/ adequacy.htm). The adequacy comment periods for these MVEBs ended on July 3, 2006. EPA did not receive any requests for these submittals or adverse comments on these submittals during the adequacy comment periods. Please see the Adequacy section of this rulemaking for further explanation on this process. Therefore, we find adequate and are proposing to approve the State’s 2018 MVEBs for transportation conformity purposes. III. What Is the Background for These Actions? Ground-level ozone is not emitted directly by sources. Rather, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOX) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight to form groundlevel ozone. NOX and VOCs are referred to as precursors of ozone. The CAA establishes a process for air quality management through the NAAQS. Before promulgation of the current 8-hour standard, the ozone NAAQS was based on a 1-hour standard. At the time EPA revoked the 1-hour ozone NAAQS, on June 15, 2005, the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas were all designated as attainment under the 1-hour ozone NAAQS. On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a revised 8-hour ozone standard of 0.08 parts per million (ppm). This new standard is more stringent than the previous 1-hour standard. On April 30, 2004 (69 FR 23857), EPA published a final rule designating and classifying areas under the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. These designations and classifications became effective June 15, 2004. The CAA required EPA to designate as nonattainment any area that was violating the 8-hour ozone NAAQS based on the three most recent years of air quality data, 2001–2003. The CAA contains two sets of provisions, subpart 1 and subpart 2, that E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules address planning and control requirements for nonattainment areas. (Both are found in title I, part D, 42 U.S.C. 7501–7509a and 7511–7511f, respectively.) Subpart 1 (which EPA refers to as ‘‘basic’’ nonattainment) contains general requirements for nonattainment areas for any pollutant, including ozone, governed by a NAAQS. Subpart 2 (which EPA refers to as ‘‘classified’’ nonattainment) provides more specific requirements for ozone nonattainment areas. Some ozone nonattainment areas are subject only to the provisions of subpart 1. Other ozone nonattainment areas are subject to the provisions of both subparts 1 and 2. Under EPA’s 8-hour ozone implementation rule, (69 FR 23951 (April 30, 2004)), an area was classified under subpart 2 based on its 8-hour ozone design value (i.e., the 3-year average annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration), if it had a 1-hour design value at the time of designation at or above 0.121 ppm (the lowest 1-hour design value in Table 1 of subpart 2) (69 FR 23954). All other areas are covered under subpart 1, based upon their 8hour design values (69 FR 23958). The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas were all designated as subpart 1, 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas by EPA on April 30, 2004, (69 FR 23857, 23910– 23911) based on air quality monitoring data from 2001–2003 (69 FR 23860). 40 CFR 50.10 and 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix I provide that the 8-hour ozone standard is attained when the 3year average of the annual fourthhighest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm, when rounded. The data completeness requirement is met when the average percent of days with valid ambient monitoring data is greater than 90%, and no single year has less than 75% data completeness. See 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, 2.3(d). On May 9, 2006, Michigan requested that EPA redesignate the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas to attainment for the 8-hour ozone standard. The redesignation requests included three years of complete, quality-assured data for the period of 2002 through 2004, as well as complete quality assured data for 2005, indicating the 8-hour NAAQS for ozone had been attained for all of the areas covered by the request. Under the CAA, nonattainment areas may be redesignated to attainment if sufficient complete, quality-assured data are available for the Administrator to VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 determine that the area has attained the standard, and the area meets the other CAA redesignation requirements in section 107(d)(3)(E). IV. What Are the Criteria for Redesignation? The CAA provides the requirements for redesignating a nonattainment area to attainment. Specifically, section 107(d)(3)(E) allows for redesignation provided that: (1) The Administrator determines that the area has attained the applicable NAAQS; (2) the Administrator has fully approved the applicable implementation plan for the area under section 110(k); (3) the Administrator determines that the improvement in air quality is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the applicable SIP and applicable federal air pollutant control regulations and other permanent and enforceable reductions; (4) the Administrator has fully approved a maintenance plan for the area as meeting the requirements of section 175A; and (5) the state containing such area has met all requirements applicable to the area under section 110 and part D. EPA provided guidance on redesignation in the General Preamble for the Implementation of Title I of the CAA Amendments of 1990, on April 16, 1992 (57 FR 13498), and supplemented this guidance on April 28, 1992 (57 FR 18070). EPA has provided further guidance on processing redesignation requests in the following documents: ‘‘Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Design Value Calculations’’, Memorandum from William G. Laxton, Director Technical Support Division, June 18, 1990; ‘‘Maintenance Plans for Redesignation of Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Nonattainment Areas,’’ Memorandum from G.T. Helms, Chief, Ozone/Carbon Monoxide Programs Branch, April 30, 1992; ‘‘Contingency Measures for Ozone and Carbon Monoxide (CO) Redesignations,’’ Memorandum from G. T. Helms, Chief, Ozone/Carbon Monoxide Programs Branch, June 1, 1992; ‘‘Procedures for Processing Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment,’’ Memorandum from John Calcagni, Director, Air Quality Management Division, September 4, 1992; ‘‘State Implementation Plan (SIP) Actions Submitted in Response to Clean Air Act (ACT) Deadlines,’’ Memorandum from John Calcagni, Director, Air Quality Management Division, October 28, 1992; PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 70917 ‘‘Technical Support Documents (TSD’s) for Redesignation Ozone and Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nonattainment Areas,’’ Memorandum from G. T. Helms, Chief, Ozone/Carbon Monoxide Programs Branch, August 17, 1993; ‘‘State Implementation Plan (SIP) Requirements for Areas Submitting Requests for Redesignation to Attainment of the Ozone and Carbon Monoxide (CO) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) On or After November 15, 1992,’’ Memorandum from Michael H. Shapiro, Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation, September 17, 1993; ‘‘Use of Actual Emissions in Maintenance Demonstrations for Ozone and CO Nonattainment Areas,’’ Memorandum from D. Kent Berry, Acting Director, Air Quality Management Division, to Air Division Directors, Regions 1–10, dated November 30, 1993. ‘‘Part D New Source Review (part D NSR) Requirements for Areas Requesting Redesignation to Attainment,’’ Memorandum from Mary D. Nichols, Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation, October 14, 1994; and ‘‘Reasonable Further Progress, Attainment Demonstration, and Related Requirements for Ozone Nonattainment Areas Meeting the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard,’’ Memorandum from John S. Seitz, Director, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, May 10, 1995. V. Why Is EPA Proposing To Take These Actions? On May 9, 2006, Michigan requested redesignation of the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas to attainment for the 8-hour ozone standard. Michigan supplemented their submittal on May 26, 2006. EPA believes that the areas have attained the standard and have met the requirements for redesignation set forth in section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. VI. What Is the Effect of These Actions? Approval of the redesignation requests would change the official designation of the areas for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS found at 40 CFR part 81. It would also incorporate into the Michigan SIP plans for maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2018. The maintenance plans include contingency measures to remedy future violations of the 8-hour NAAQS. They also establish MVEBs for the year 2018 of 40.70 tons per day (tpd) VOC and 97.87 tpd NOX for the Grand Rapids area, 29.67 tpd VOC and 54.36 tpd NOX E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70918 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules for the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area, 28.32 tpd VOC and 53.07 tpd NOX for the Lansing-East Lansing area, 2.24 tpd VOC and 1.99 tpd NOX for the Benzie County area, 2.34 tpd VOC and 7.53 tpd NOX for the Huron County area, and 1.81 tpd VOC and 2.99 tpd NOX for the Mason County area. VII. What Is EPA’s Analysis of the Requests? i. Attainment Determination and Redesignation EPA is proposing to make determinations that the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County nonattainment areas have attained the 8-hour ozone standard and that the areas have met all other applicable section 107(d)(3)(E) redesignation criteria. The basis for EPA’s determinations is as follows: 1. The Areas Have Attained the 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(i)) EPA is proposing to make determinations that the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. For ozone, an area may be considered to be attaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS if there are no violations, as determined in accordance with 40 CFR 50.10 and Part 50, Appendix I, based on three complete, consecutive calendar years of qualityassured air quality monitoring data. To attain this standard, the 3-year average of the fourth-highest daily maximum 8hour average ozone concentrations measured at each monitor within an area over each year must not exceed 0.08 ppm. Based on the rounding convention described in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, the standard is attained if the design value is 0.084 ppm or below. The data must be collected and qualityassured in accordance with 40 CFR part 58, and recorded in the Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS). The monitors generally should have remained at the same location for the duration of the monitoring period required for demonstrating attainment. MDEQ submitted ozone monitoring data for the 2002 to 2004 ozone seasons. They also submitted data for the 2005 ozone season. The MDEQ quality assured the ambient monitoring in accordance with 40 CFR 58.10, and recorded it in the AIRS database, thus making the data publicly available. The data meets the completeness criteria in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, which requires a minimum completeness of 75 percent annually and 90 percent over each three year period. Monitoring data is presented in Table 1 below. Data completeness information is presented in Table 2 below. TABLE 1.—ANNUAL 4TH HIGH DAILY MAXIMUM 8-HOUR OZONE CONCENTRATION AND 3-YEAR AVERAGES OF 4TH HIGH DAILY MAXIMUM 8-HOUR OZONE CONCENTRATIONS 2002 4th high (ppm) Area County Monitor Grand Rapids ............... Kent ..................... Grand Rapids 26– 0810020. Evans 26–0810022 ..... Jenison 26–1390005 ... Kalamazoo 26– 0770008. Rose Lake 26– 0370001. Lansing–East Lansing 26–0650012. Frankfort 26–0190003 Harbor Beach 26– 0633006. Scottville 26–1050007 Kalamazoo-Battle Creek. Lansing-East Lansing .. Ottawa ................. Kalamazoo ........... Clinton .................. Ingham ................. Benzie .......................... Huron ........................... Benzie .................. Huron ................... Mason .......................... Mason .................. 2003 4th high (ppm) 2004 4th high (ppm) 2005 4th high (ppm) 2002– 2004 average (ppm) 2003– 2005 average (ppm) 0.087 0.085 0.068 0.083 0.080 0.079 0.088 0.093 0.090 0.093 0.090 0.085 0.072 0.069 0.068 0.083 0.086 0.086 0.084 0.084 0.081 0.083 0.082 0.080 0.085 0.086 0.070 0.078 0.080 0.078 0.088 0.085 0.068 0.082 0.080 0.078 0.086 0.087 0.089 0.086 0.075 0.068 0.086 0.077 0.083 0.080 0.083 0.077 0.089 0.087 0.071 0.085 0.082 0.081 TABLE 2.—DATA COMPLETENESS IN PERCENT (%) 2002 (%) Area County Monitor Grand Rapids .................... Kent .......................... ................................... Ottawa ...................... Kalamazoo ............... Clinton ...................... Ingham ..................... Grand Rapids 26–0810020 Evans 26–0810022 ........... Jenison 26–1390005 ......... Kalamazoo 26–0770008 ... Rose Lake 26–0370001 .... Lansing-East Lansing 26– 0650012. Frankfort 26–0190003 ....... Harbor Beach 26–0633006 Scottville 26–1050007 ....... Kalamazoo-Battle Creek .... Lansing-East Lansing ........ sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Benzie ................................ Huron ................................. Mason ................................ Benzie ...................... Huron ........................ Mason ....................... In addition, as discussed below with respect to the maintenance plans, MDEQ has committed to continue operating an EPA approved monitoring VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 2003 (%) Frm 00011 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 2005 (%) 2002– 2004 average (%) 2003– 2005 average (%) 97 100 99 100 99 100 98 100 100 97 100 99 98 99 98 100 100 100 99 98 99 98 100 98 98 100 99 99 100 100 98 99 99 99 100 99 100 100 100 100 97 100 100 100 96 98 97 95 100 99 99 99 98 97 network in accordance with 40 CFR part 58. In summary, EPA believes that the data submitted by Michigan provide an adequate demonstration that the Grand PO 00000 2004 (%) Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Furthermore, preliminary monitoring data for the 2006 ozone season show that the areas continue to attain the NAAQS. 2. The Areas Have Met All Applicable Requirements Under Section 110 and Part D; and the Areas Have Fully Approved SIPs Under Section 110(k) (Sections 107(d)(3)(E)(v) and 107(d)(3)(E)(ii)) We have determined that Michigan has met all currently applicable SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas under Section 110 of the CAA (general SIP requirements). We have also determined that the Michigan SIP meets all SIP requirements currently applicable for purposes of redesignation under Part D of Title I of the CAA (requirements specific to Subpart 1 nonattainment areas), in accordance with section 107(d)(3)(E)(v). In addition, we have determined that the Michigan SIP is fully approved with respect to all applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation, in accordance with section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii). In making these determinations, we have ascertained what SIP requirements are applicable to the areas for purposes of redesignation, and have determined that the portions of the SIP meeting these requirements are fully approved under section 110(k) of the CAA. As discussed more fully below, SIPs must be fully approved only with respect to currently applicable requirements of the CAA. a. The Grand Rapids, KalamazooBattle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have met all applicable requirements under section 110 and part D of the CAA. The September 4, 1992 Calcagni memorandum (see ‘‘Procedures for Processing Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment,’’ Memorandum from John Calcagni, Director, Air Quality Management Division, September 4, 1992) describes EPA’s interpretation of section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. Under this interpretation, a state and the area it wishes to redesignate must meet the relevant CAA requirements that are due prior to the state’s submittal of a complete redesignation request for the area. See also the September 17, 1993 Michael Shapiro memorandum and 60 FR 12459, 12465–12466 (March 7, 1995) (redesignation of Detroit-Ann Arbor, Michigan to attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS). Applicable requirements of the CAA that come due VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 subsequent to the state’s submittal of a complete request remain applicable until a redesignation to attainment is approved, but are not required as a prerequisite to redesignation. See section 175A(c) of the CAA. Sierra Club v. EPA, 375 F.3d 537 (7th Cir. 2004). See also 68 FR 25424, 25427 (May 12, 2003) (redesignation of the St. Louis/East St. Louis area to attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS). General SIP requirements. Section 110(a) of title I of the CAA contains the general requirements for a SIP. Section 110(a)(2) provides that the implementation plan submitted by a state must have been adopted by the state after reasonable public notice and hearing, and that, among other things, it includes enforceable emission limitations and other control measures, means or techniques necessary to meet the requirements of the CAA; provides for establishment and operation of appropriate devices, methods, systems and procedures necessary to monitor ambient air quality; provides for implementation of a source permit program to regulate the modification and construction of any stationary source within the areas covered by the plan; includes provisions for the implementation of part C, Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and part D, New Source Review (NSR) permit programs; includes criteria for stationary source emission control measures, monitoring, and reporting; includes provisions for air quality modeling; and provides for public and local agency participation in planning and emission control rule development. Section 110(a)(2)(D) of the CAA requires that SIPs contain measures to prevent sources in a state from significantly contributing to air quality problems in another state. To implement this provision, EPA has required certain states to establish programs to address transport of air pollutants (NOX SIP Call,1 Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) (70 FR 25162)). However, the section 110(a)(2)(D) requirements for a state are not linked with a particular nonattainment area’s designation and classification. EPA believes that the requirements linked with a particular nonattainment area’s 1 On October 27, 1998 (63 FR 57356), EPA issued a NOX SIP call requiring the District of Columbia and 22 states, including portions of Michigan, to reduce emissions of NOX in order to reduce the transport of ozone and ozone precursors. In compliance with EPA’s NOX SIP call, MDEQ has developed rules governing the control of NOX emissions from Electric Generating Units (EGUs), major non-EGU industrial boilers, and major cement kilns. EPA approved Michigan’s rules as fulfilling Phase I of the NOX SIP Call on May 4, 2005 (70 FR 23029). PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 70919 designation and classification are the relevant measures to evaluate in reviewing a redesignation request. When the transport SIP submittal requirements are applicable to a state, they will continue to apply to the state regardless of the attainment designation of any one particular area in the state. Therefore, we believe that these requirements should not be construed to be applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation. Further, we believe that the other section 110 elements described above that are not connected with nonattainment plan submissions and not linked with an area’s attainment status are also not applicable requirements for purposes of redesignation. A state remains subject to these requirements after an area is redesignated to attainment. We conclude that only the section 110 and part D requirements which are linked with a particular area’s designation and classification are the relevant measures which we may consider in evaluating a redesignation request. This approach is consistent with EPA’s existing policy on applicability of conformity and oxygenated fuels requirements for redesignation purposes, as well as with section 184 ozone transport requirements. See Reading, Pennsylvania, proposed and final rulemakings (61 FR 53174–53176, October 10, 1996), (62 FR 24826, May 7, 1997); Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, Ohio, final rulemaking (61 FR 20458, May 7, 1996); and Tampa, Florida, final rulemaking (60 FR 62748, December 7, 1995). See also the discussion on this issue in the Cincinnati ozone redesignation (65 FR 37890, June 19, 2000), and in the Pittsburgh ozone redesignation (66 FR 50399, October 19, 2001). As discussed above, we believe that section 110 elements which are not linked to the area’s nonattainment status are not applicable for purposes of redesignation. Because there are no section 110 requirements linked to the part D requirements for 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas that have become due, as explained below, there are no Part D requirements applicable for purposes of redesignation under the 8hour standard. Part D Requirements. EPA has determined that the Michigan SIP meets applicable SIP requirements under part D of the CAA, since no requirements applicable for purposes of redesignation became due for the 8-hour ozone standard prior to MDEQ’s submission of the redesignation request for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS 70920 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules Under part D, an area’s classification determines the requirements to which it will be subject. Subpart 1 of part D, found in sections 172–176 of the CAA, sets forth the basic nonattainment requirements applicable to all nonattainment areas. Section 182 of the CAA, found in subpart 2 of part D, establishes additional specific requirements depending on the area’s nonattainment classification. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas were all classified as subpart 1 nonattainment areas, and, therefore, subpart 2 requirements do not apply. Part D, Subpart 1 applicable SIP requirements. For purposes of evaluating these redesignation requests, the applicable part D, subpart 1 SIP requirements for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas are contained in sections 172(c)(1)–(9). A thorough discussion of the requirements contained in section 172 can be found in the General Preamble for Implementation of Title I (57 FR 13498, April 16, 1992). No requirements applicable for purposes of redesignation under part D became due prior to submission of the redesignation request, and, therefore, none are applicable to the areas for purposes of redesignation. Since the State of Michigan has submitted complete ozone redesignation requests for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas prior to the deadline for any submissions required for purposes of redesignation, we have determined that these requirements do not apply to the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas for purposes of redesignation. Furthermore, EPA has determined that, since PSD requirements will apply after redesignation, areas being redesignated need not comply with the requirement that a NSR program be approved prior to redesignation, provided that the area demonstrates maintenance of the NAAQS without part D NSR. A more detailed rationale for this view is described in a memorandum from Mary Nichols, Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation, dated October 14, 1994, entitled, ‘‘Part D New Source Review Requirements for Areas Requesting Redesignation to Attainment.’’ Michigan has demonstrated that the areas to be redesignated will be able to maintain VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 the standard without part D NSR in effect; therefore, EPA concludes that the State need not have a fully approved part D NSR program prior to approval of the redesignation request. The State’s PSD program will become effective in the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas upon redesignation to attainment. See rulemakings for Detroit, Michigan (60 FR 12467–12468, March 7, 1995); Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, Ohio (61 FR 20458, 20469–20470, May 7, 1996); Louisville, Kentucky (66 FR 53665, October 23, 2001); and Grand Rapids, Michigan (61 FR 31834–31837, June 21, 1996). Section 176 conformity requirements. Section 176(c) of the CAA requires states to establish criteria and procedures to ensure that federallysupported or funded activities, including highway projects, conform to the air quality planning goals in the applicable SIPs. The requirement to determine conformity applies to transportation plans, programs and projects developed, funded or approved under Title 23 of the U.S. Code and the Federal Transit Act (transportation conformity) as well as to all other federally-supported or funded projects (general conformity). State conformity revisions must be consistent with federal conformity regulations relating to consultation, enforcement and enforceability, which EPA promulgated pursuant to CAA requirements. EPA believes that it is reasonable to interpret the conformity SIP requirements as not applying for purposes of evaluating the redesignation request under section 107(d) for two reasons. First, the requirement to submit SIP revisions to comply with the conformity provisions of the CAA continues to apply to areas after redesignation to attainment since such areas would be subject to a section 175A maintenance plan. Second, EPA’s federal conformity rules require the performance of conformity analyses in the absence of federally-approved state rules. Therefore, because areas are subject to the conformity requirements regardless of whether they are redesignated to attainment and, because they must implement conformity under federal rules if state rules are not yet approved, EPA believes it is reasonable to view these requirements as not applying for purposes of evaluating a redesignation request. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426 (6th Cir. 2001), upholding this interpretation. See also 60 FR 62748, 62749–62750 (Dec. 7, 1995) (Tampa, Florida). PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 EPA approved Michigan’s general and transportation conformity SIPs on December 18, 1996 (61 FR 66607 and 61 FR 66609, respectively). Michigan has submitted on-highway motor vehicle budgets of 40.70 tons per day (tpd) VOC and 97.87 tpd NOX for the Grand Rapids area, 29.67 tpd VOC and 54.36 tpd NOX for the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area, 28.32 tpd VOC and 53.07 tpd NOX for the Lansing-East Lansing area, 2.24 tpd VOC and 1.99 tpd NOX for the Benzie County area, 2.34 tpd VOC and 7.53 tpd NOX for the Huron County area, and 1.81 tpd VOC and 2.99 tpd NOX for the Mason County area, based on the areas’ projected 2018 emissions levels. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas must use the motor vehicle emissions budgets from the maintenance plans in any conformity determination that is effective on or after the effective date of the maintenance plan approval. Thus, the areas have satisfied all applicable requirements under section 110 and part D of the CAA. b. The Grand Rapids, KalamazooBattle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have a fully approved applicable SIP under section 110(k) of the CAA. EPA has fully approved the Michigan SIP for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas under section 110(k) of the CAA for all requirements applicable for purposes of redesignation. EPA may rely on prior SIP approvals in approving a redesignation request (See the September 4, 1992 John Calcagni memorandum, page 3, Southwestern Pennsylvania Growth Alliance v. Browner, 144 F.3d 984, 989–990 (6th Cir. 1998), Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426 (6th Cir. 2001)) plus any additional measures it may approve in conjunction with a redesignation action. See 68 FR 25413, 25426 (May 12, 2003). Since the passage of the CAA of 1970, Michigan has adopted and submitted, and EPA has fully approved, provisions addressing the various required SIP elements applicable to the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas under the 1-hour ozone standard. No Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, or Mason County area SIP provisions are currently disapproved, conditionally approved, or partially approved. E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70921 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules 3. The Improvement in Air Quality Is Due to Permanent and Enforceable Reductions in Emissions Resulting From Implementation of the SIP and Applicable Federal Air Pollution Control Regulations and Other Permanent and Enforceable Reductions. (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii)) EPA finds that Michigan has demonstrated that the observed air quality improvement in the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP, federal measures, and other state-adopted measures. In making this demonstration, the State has calculated the change in emissions between 1999 and 2002, one of the years the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas monitored attainment. The reduction in emissions and the corresponding improvement in air quality over this time period can be attributed to a number of regulatory control measures that Michigan and upwind areas have implemented in recent years. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas are all impacted, in varying degrees, by the transport of ozone and ozone precursors from upwind areas. Therefore, local controls as well as controls implemented in upwind counties are relevant to the improvement in air quality in the Grand Rapids, KalamazooBattle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. a. Permanent and enforceable controls implemented. The following is a discussion of permanent and enforceable measures that have been implemented in the areas: NOX rules. In compliance with EPA’s NOX SIP call, Michigan developed rules to control NOX emissions from Electric Generating Units (EGUs), major nonEGU industrial boilers, and major cement kilns. These rules required sources to begin reducing NOX emissions in 2004. However, statewide NOX emissions actually had begun to decline before 2004, as sources phased in emission controls needed to comply with the State’s NOX emission control regulations. From 2004 on, NOX emissions from EGUs have been capped at a statewide total well below pre-2002 levels. MDEQ expects that NOX emissions will further decline as the State meets the requirements of EPA’s Phase II NOX SIP call (69 FR 21604 (April 21, 2004)). Federal Emission Control Measures. Reductions in VOC and NOX emissions have occurred statewide as a result of federal emission control measures, with additional emission reductions expected to occur in the future as the state implements additional emission controls. Federal emission control measures include: the National Low Emission Vehicle (NLEV) program, Tier 2 emission standards for vehicles, gasoline sulfur limits, low sulfur diesel fuel standards, and heavy-duty diesel engine standards. In addition, in 2004, EPA issued the Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule (69 FR 38958 (July 29, 2004)). EPA expects this rule to reduce off-road diesel emissions through 2010, with emission reductions starting in 2008. Control Measures in Upwind Areas. Upwind ozone nonattainment areas in the Lake Michigan region, including Chicago, Illinois; Gary, Indiana; and Milwaukee, Wisconsin have continued to reduce emissions of VOC and NOX to meet their rate of progress obligations under the 1-hour ozone standard. Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin have all developed regulations to control NOX: Illinois and Indiana pursuant to the NOX SIP call and Wisconsin to meet rate of progress requirements. These upwind reductions in emissions have resulted in lower concentrations of transported ozone entering Michigan. The emission reductions resulting from these upwind control programs are permanent and enforceable. b. Emission reductions. Michigan is using 1999 for the nonattainment inventory and 2002, one of the years used to demonstrate monitored attainment of the NAAQS, for the attainment inventory. MDEQ took emissions estimates, with the exception of the nonroad sector, from EPA’s final 1999 and 2002 National Emissions Inventories (NEI). NEI emissions estimates for the nonroad sector were generated using different versions of EPA’s NONROAD model for 1999 and 2002. To provide consistency, Michigan estimated nonroad emissions for both 1999 and 2002 using the most current version of EPA’s National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM). Based on the inventories described above, Michigan’s submittal documents changes in VOC and NOX emissions from 1999 to 2002 for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. Emissions data are shown in Tables 3 through 14 below. TABLE 3.—GRAND RAPIDS AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR NONATTAINMENT YEAR 1999 IN TONS PER YEAR (TPY) Kent Ottawa VOC NOX Point ......................................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................................... 4,506 18,002 5,063 12,225 1,134 3,122 4,938 15,939 Total .................................................................................................. 39,796 25,133 VOC Total NOX VOC NOX 1,640 7,279 2,598 5,071 37,001 1,132 2,642 7,774 6,146 25,281 7,661 17,296 38,135 4,254 7,580 23,713 16,588 48,549 56,384 73,682 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS TABLE 4.—GRAND RAPIDS AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPY) Kent VOC Point ......................................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................................... VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4702 2,104 14,546 4,956 Sfmt 4702 Ottawa NOX 769 2,862 4,932 VOC NOX 1,375 6,896 2,563 E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM Total 07DEP1 VOC NOX 17,690 1,216 2,629 3,479 21,442 7,519 18,459 4,078 7,561 70922 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules TABLE 4.—GRAND RAPIDS AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPY)—Continued Kent Ottawa VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Onroad ..................................................................................................... 10,392 17,229 31,998 25,792 6,079 13,995 23,308 27,614 14,437 NOX 46,435 53,406 3,603 Total .................................................................................................. VOC TABLE 5.—GRAND RAPIDS AREA: COMPARISON OF 1999 AND 2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPY) VOC Sector NOX Net change (1999–2002) 1999 2002 Point ......................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................... 6,146 25,281 7,661 17,296 3,479 21,442 7,519 13,995 Total .................................................................................. 56,384 46,435 Net change (1999–2002) 1999 2002 ·2,667 ·3,839 ·142 ·3,301 38,135 4,254 7,580 23,713 18,459 4,078 7,561 23,308 ·19,676 ·176 ·19 ·405 ·9,949 73,682 53,406 ·20,276 TABLE 6.—KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR NONATTAINMENT YEAR 1999 (TPY) Calhoun VOC Kalamazoo NOX VOC Van Buren NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Point ................................................................. Area .................................................................. Nonroad ........................................................... Onroad ............................................................. 499 5,077 1,026 3,633 1,036 649 982 5,702 547 7,709 1,986 5,410 2,202 944 1,640 7,489 32 3,699 1,105 1,777 42 423 543 3,582 1,078 16,485 4,117 10,820 3,280 2,016 3,165 16,773 Total .......................................................... 10,235 8,369 15,652 12,275 6,613 4,590 32,500 25,234 TABLE 7.—KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPY) Calhoun VOC Kalamazoo NOX VOC Van Buren NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Point ................................................................. Area .................................................................. Nonroad ........................................................... Onroad ............................................................. 580 3,071 1,007 3,158 817 666 973 5,560 470 8,739 1,907 4,796 816 1,033 1,620 7,958 22 2,373 1,133 1,583 36 303 535 2,953 1,072 14,183 4,047 9,537 1,669 2,002 3,128 16,471 Total .......................................................... 7,816 8,016 15,912 11,427 5,111 3,827 28,839 23,270 TABLE 8.—KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK AREA: COMPARISON OF 1999 AND 2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPY) VOC Sector NOX Net change (1999–2002) 1999 2002 Point ......................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................... 1,078 16,485 4,117 10,820 1,072 14,183 4,047 9,537 Total .................................................................................. 32,500 28,839 Net Change (1999–2002) 1999 2002 ·6 ·2,302 ·70 ·1,283 3,280 2,016 3,165 16,773 1,669 2,002 3,128 16,471 ·1,611 ·14 ·37 ·302 ·3,661 25,234 23,270 ·1,964 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS TABLE 9.—LANSING-EAST LANSING AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR NONATTAINMENT YEAR 1999 (TPY) Clinton VOC Point ................................................................. Area .................................................................. Nonroad ........................................................... VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 188 2,421 879 Frm 00015 Eaton NOX 117 213 783 Fmt 4702 VOC 99 3,348 796 Sfmt 4702 Ingham NOX 2,583 356 876 VOC NOX 1,668 6,706 1,558 E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM Total 07DEP1 6,133 1,293 1,520 VOC 1,955 12,475 3,233 NOX 8,833 1,862 3,179 70923 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules TABLE 9.—LANSING-EAST LANSING AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR NONATTAINMENT YEAR 1999 (TPY)— Continued Clinton VOC Eaton NOX VOC Ingham NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Onroad ............................................................. 1,638 3,035 2,335 3,921 6,218 8,360 10,191 15,316 Total .......................................................... 5,126 4,148 6,578 7,736 16,150 17,306 27,854 29,190 TABLE 10.—LANSING-EAST LANSING AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX; EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPY) Clinton VOC Eaton NOX VOC Ingham NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Point ................................................................. Area .................................................................. Nonroad ........................................................... Onroad ............................................................. 197 1,645 875 1,870 168 232 755 3,432 56 2,205 779 2,052 1,919 416 847 3,670 2,092 3,879 1,541 4,678 6,150 1,043 1,509 7,892 2,345 7,729 3,195 8,600 8,237 1,691 3,111 14,994 Total .......................................................... 4,587 4,587 5,092 6,852 12,190 16,594 21,869 28,033 TABLE 11.—LANSING-EAST LANSING AREA: COMPARISON OF 1999 AND 2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPY) VOC Sector 1999 NOX Net change (1999–2002) 2002 1999 2002 Net change (1999–2002) Point ......................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................... 1,955 12,475 3,233 10,191 2,345 7,729 3,195 8,600 390 ·4,746 ·38 ·1,591 8,833 1,862 3,179 15,316 8,237 1,691 3,111 14,994 ·596 ·171 ·68 ·322 Total .................................................................................. 27,854 21,869 ·5,985 29,190 28,033 ·1,157 TABLE 12.—BENZIE COUNTY AREA: COMPARISON OF 1999 AND 2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPY) VOC Sector 1999 NOX Net change (1999–2002) 2002 1999 2002 Net change (1999–2002) Point ......................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................... 3 1,005 1,536 314 1 783 1,643 323 ·2 ·222 107 9 4 78 186 595 7 73 182 584 3 ·5 ·4 ·11 Total .................................................................................. 2,858 2,750 ·108 863 846 ·17 TABLE 13.—HURON COUNTY AREA: COMPARISON OF 1999 AND 2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPY) VOC Sector 1999 NOX Net change (1999–2002) 2002 1999 2002 Net change (1999–2002) sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Point ......................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................... 36 2,222 1,428 660 76 1,008 1,452 509 40 ·1,214 24 ·151 1,282 300 1,040 1,245 1,468 174 1,018 908 186 ·126 ·22 ·337 Total .................................................................................. 4,346 3,045 ·1,301 3,867 3,568 ·299 VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70924 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules TABLE 14.—MASON COUNTY AREA: COMPARISON OF 1999 AND 2002 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPY) VOC Sector 1999 NOX Net change (1999–2002) 2002 1999 Net change (1999–2002) 2002 Point ......................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................... 174 1551 1382 536 108 1021 1532 435 ·66 ·530 150 ·101 587 157 288 895 280 147 287 758 ·307 ·10 ·1 ·137 Total .................................................................................. 3643 3096 ·547 1927 1472 ·455 Table 5 shows that the Grand Rapids area reduced VOC emissions by 9,949 tpy and NOX emissions by 20,276 tpy between 1999 and 2002. Table 8 shows that the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area reduced VOC emissions by 3,661 tpy and NOX emissions by 1,964 tpy between 1999 and 2002. Table 11 shows that the Lansing-East Lansing area reduced VOC emissions by 5,985 tpy and NOX emissions by 1,157 tpy between 1999 and 2002. Table 12 shows that the Benzie County area reduced VOC emissions by 108 tpy and NOX emissions by 17 tpy between 1999 and 2002. Table 13 shows that the Huron County area reduced VOC emissions by 1,301 tpy and NOX emissions by 299 tpy between 1999 and 2002. Table 14 shows that the Mason County area reduced VOC emissions by 547 tpy and NOX emissions by 455 tpy between 1999 and 2002. Based on the information summarized above, Michigan has adequately demonstrated that the improvement in air quality is due to permanent and enforceable emissions reductions. 4. The Areas Have a Fully Approved Maintenance Plan Pursuant to Section 175a of the CAA. (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iv)) In conjunction with its requests to redesignate the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County nonattainment areas to attainment status, Michigan submitted SIP revisions to provide for the maintenance of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS in these areas through 2018. a. What is required in a maintenance plan? Section 175A of the CAA sets forth the required elements of a maintenance plan for areas seeking redesignation from nonattainment to attainment. Under section 175A, the plan must demonstrate continued attainment of the applicable NAAQS for at least ten years after the Administrator approves a redesignation to attainment. Eight years after the redesignation, the State must submit a revised maintenance plan which demonstrates that attainment will continue to be maintained for ten years following the initial ten-year maintenance period. To address the possibility of future NAAQS violations, the maintenance plan must contain contingency measures with a schedule for implementation as EPA deems necessary to assure prompt correction of any future 8-hour ozone violations. The September 4, 1992 John Calcagni memorandum provides additional guidance on the content of a maintenance plan. The memorandum clarifies that an ozone maintenance plan should address the following items: the attainment VOC and NOX emissions inventories, a maintenance demonstration showing maintenance for the ten years of the maintenance period, a commitment to maintain the existing monitoring network, factors and procedures to be used for verification of continued attainment of the NAAQS, and a contingency plan to prevent or correct future violations of the NAAQS. b. Attainment Inventory. The MDEQ developed a baseline emissions inventory for 2002, one of the years MDEQ used to demonstrate monitored attainment of the 8-hour NAAQS, as required by the EPA Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (40 CFR Part 51). MDEQ provided full documentation of the methodologies it used in its submittal. The attainment level of emissions is summarized in Tables 15 to 18, below. TABLE 15.—GRAND RAPIDS AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPD) Kent VOC Ottawa NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Point ......................................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................................... 7.67 28.73 12.42 31.13 2.16 3.61 14.26 46.94 4.74 12.18 5.32 10.82 52.08 1.51 7.96 18.00 12.41 40.91 17.74 41.95 54.24 5.12 22.22 64.94 Total .................................................................................................. 79.95 66.97 33.06 79.55 113.01 146.52 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS TABLE 16.—KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPD) Calhoun VOC Point ................................................................. Area .................................................................. Nonroad ........................................................... VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 1.67 7.66 2.62 Frm 00017 Kalamazoo NOX 2.41 0.75 4.49 Fmt 4702 VOC 1.58 12.46 4.89 Sfmt 4702 Van Buren NOX 2.09 1.19 6.97 VOC NOX 0.09 4.16 2.87 E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM Total 07DEP1 0.17 0.31 1.80 VOC 3.34 24.28 10.38 NOX 4.67 2.25 13.26 70925 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules TABLE 16.—KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPD)— Continued Calhoun VOC Kalamazoo NOX VOC Van Buren NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Onroad ............................................................. 9.76 17.83 14.29 22.52 5.17 11.16 29.22 51.51 Total .......................................................... 21.71 25.48 33.22 32.77 12.29 13.44 67.22 71.69 TABLE 17.—LANSING-EAST LANSING AREA: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPD) Clinton VOC Eaton NOX VOC Ingham NOX VOC Total NOX VOC NOX Point ................................................................. Area .................................................................. Nonroad ........................................................... Onroad ............................................................. 0.66 3.01 2.24 6.10 0.56 0.24 2.84 11.91 0.21 5.04 1.80 6.48 6.51 0.45 3.30 11.86 7.55 13.69 4.29 13.90 19.14 1.23 6.16 22.96 8.42 21.74 8.33 26.48 26.21 1.92 12.30 46.73 Total .......................................................... 12.01 15.55 13.53 22.12 39.43 49.49 64.97 87.16 TABLE 18.—BENZIE COUNTY, HURON COUNTY, AND MASON COUNTY AREAS: TOTAL VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS FOR ATTAINMENT YEAR 2002 (TPD) Benzie VOC Huron NOX VOC Mason NOX VOC NOX Point ......................................................................................................... Area .......................................................................................................... Nonroad ................................................................................................... Onroad ..................................................................................................... 0.01 1.54 4.05 1.08 0.03 0.06 0.61 2.10 0.27 2.18 3.29 1.68 6.16 0.20 5.73 3.31 0.39 1.89 2.88 1.39 0.79 0.16 1.97 2.48 Total .................................................................................................. 6.68 2.80 7.42 15.40 6.55 5.40 c. Demonstration of Maintenance. Michigan submitted with the redesignation requests revisions to the 8-hour ozone SIP to include 12-year maintenance plans for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas, in compliance with section 175A of the CAA. This demonstration shows maintenance of the 8-hour ozone standard by assuring that current and future emissions of VOC and NOX for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas remain at or below attainment year emission levels. A maintenance demonstration need not be based on modeling. See Wall v. EPA, 265 F.3d 426 (6th Cir. 2001), Sierra Club v. EPA, 375 F. 3d 537 (7th Cir. 2004). See also 66 FR 53094, 53099–53100 (October 19, 2001), 68 FR 25413, 25430– 25432 (May 12, 2003). Michigan is using projected inventories developed by LADCO for the years 2009 and 2018. The exception to this is the 2018 onroad mobile source emissions estimates, which were prepared by the Michigan Department of Transportation. Using projected inventories prepared by LADCO will ensure that the inventories used for redesignation are consistent with regional attainment modeling performed in the future. These emission estimates are presented in Tables 19 to 24 below. TABLE 19.—GRAND RAPIDS AREA: COMPARISON OF 2002–2018 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPD) VOC NOX Sector 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Point ................................................. Area .................................................. Nonroad ........................................... Onroad ............................................. 12.41 40.91 17.74 41.95 12.50 41.28 12.03 25.39 15.35 43.98 9.95 13.39 2.94 3.07 ·7.79 ·28.56 54.24 5.12 22.22 64.94 21.61 5.37 16.57 44.38 24.39 5.59 9.55 14.38 ·29.85 0.47 ·12.67 ·50.56 Total .......................................... 113.01 91.20 82.67 ·30.34 146.52 87.93 53.91 ·92.61 VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70926 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules TABLE 20.—KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK AREA: COMPARISON OF 2002–2018 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPD) VOC NOX Sector 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) Point ................................................. Area .................................................. Nonroad ........................................... Onroad ............................................. 3.34 24.28 10.38 29.22 3.34 24.01 7.39 17.53 4.06 25.12 6.08 9.05 0.72 0.84 ·4.30 ·20.17 4.67 2.25 13.26 51.51 4.52 2.37 8.84 34.24 4.75 2.46 5.28 10.75 0.08 0.21 ·7.98 ·40.76 Total .......................................... 67.22 52.89 44.36 ·22.86 71.69 49.97 23.24 ·48.45 TABLE 21.—LANSING-EAST LANSING AREA: COMPARISON OF 2002–2018 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPD) VOC NOX Sector 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) Point ................................................. Area .................................................. Nonroad ........................................... Onroad ............................................. 8.42 21.74 8.33 26.48 6.70 21.34 5.99 15.88 7.49 22.06 4.88 8.37 ·0.93 0.32 ·3.45 ·18.11 26.21 1.92 12.30 46.73 18.16 2.02 8.97 31.13 21.85 2.08 5.34 9.69 ·4.36 0.16 ·6.96 ·37.04 Total .......................................... 64.97 49.91 42.80 ·22.17 87.16 60.28 38.96 ·48.20 TABLE 22.—BENZIE COUNTY AREA: COMPARISON OF 2002–2018 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPD) VOC NOX Sector 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) Point ................................................. Area .................................................. Nonroad ........................................... Onroad ............................................. 0.01 1.54 4.05 1.08 0.01 1.42 4.31 0.65 0.01 1.37 2.85 0.31 0.00 ·0.17 ·1.20 ·0.77 0.03 0.06 0.61 2.10 0.03 0.07 0.55 1.40 0.03 0.07 0.53 0.37 0.00 0.01 ·0.08 ·1.73 Total .......................................... 6.68 6.39 4.54 ·2.14 2.80 2.05 1.00 ·1.80 TABLE 23.—HURON COUNTY AREA: COMPARISON OF 2002–2018 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPD) VOC NOX Sector 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) Point ................................................. Area .................................................. Nonroad ........................................... Onroad ............................................. 0.27 2.18 3.29 1.68 0.29 2.13 3.27 1.01 0.33 2.19 2.39 0.55 0.06 0.01 ·0.90 ·1.13 6.16 0.20 5.73 3.31 1.39 0.21 5.95 2.21 1.69 0.22 5.20 0.65 ·4.47 0.02 ·0.53 ·2.66 Total .......................................... 7.42 6.70 5.46 ·1.96 15.40 9.76 7.76 ·7.64 TABLE 24.—MASON COUNTY AREA: COMPARISON OF 2002–2018 VOC AND NOX EMISSIONS (TPD) VOC NOX Sector sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) 2002 2009 2018 Net change (2002–2018) Point ................................................. Area .................................................. Nonroad ........................................... Onroad ............................................. 0.39 1.89 2.88 1.39 0.49 1.86 3.03 0.83 0.65 1.92 2.02 0.43 0.26 0.03 ·0.86 ·0.96 0.79 0.16 1.97 2.48 0.35 0.17 1.68 1.66 0.45 0.17 1.52 0.51 ·0.34 0.01 ·0.45 ·1.97 Total .......................................... 6.55 6.21 5.02 ·1.53 5.40 3.86 2.65 ·2.75 The emission projections show that MDEQ does not expect emissions in the VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 Huron County, and Mason County areas to exceed the level of the 2002 E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules attainment year inventory during the maintenance period. In the Grand Rapids area, MDEQ projects that VOC and NOX emissions will decrease by 30.34 tpd and 92.61 tpd, respectively. In the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area, MDEQ projects that VOC and NOX emissions will decrease by 22.86 tpd and 48.45 tpd, respectively. In the Lansing-East Lansing area, MDEQ projects that VOC and NOX emissions will decrease by 22.17 tpd and 48.20 tpd, respectively. In the Benzie County area, MDEQ projects that VOC and NOX emissions will decrease by 2.14 tpd and 1.80 tpd, respectively. In the Huron County area, MDEQ projects that VOC and NOX emissions will decrease by 1.96 tpd and 7.64 tpd, respectively. In the Mason County area, MDEQ projects that VOC and NOX emissions will decrease by 1.53 tpd and 2.75 tpd, respectively. As part of its maintenance plans, the State elected to include a ‘‘safety margin’’ for the areas. A ‘‘safety margin’’ is the difference between the attainment level of emissions (from all sources) and the projected level of emissions (from all sources) in the maintenance plan which continues to demonstrate attainment of the standard. The attainment level of emissions is the level of emissions during one of the years in which the area met the NAAQS. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS during the 2002–2004 time period. Michigan used 2002 as the attainment level of emissions for the areas. In the maintenance plans, MDEQ projected emission levels for 2018. For Grand Rapids, the emissions from point, area, nonroad, and mobile sources in 2002 equaled 113.01 tpd of VOC. MDEQ projected VOC emissions for the year 2018 to be 82.67 tpd of VOC. The SIP submission demonstrates that the Grand Rapids area will continue to maintain the standard with emissions at this level. The safety margin for VOC is calculated to be the difference between these amounts or, in this case, 30.34 tpd of VOC for 2018. By this same method, 92.61 tpd (i.e., 146.52 tpd less 53.91 tpd) is the safety margin for NOX for 2018. For the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area, 22.86 tpd and 48.45 tpd are the safety margins for VOC and NOX, respectively. For the Lansing-East Lansing area, 22.17 tpd and 48.20 tpd are the safety margins for VOC and NOX, respectively. For the Benzie County area, 2.14 tpd and 1.80 tpd are the safety margins for VOC and NOX, respectively. For the Huron County area, 1.96 tpd and 7.64 tpd are the safety margins for VOC VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 and NOX, respectively. For the Mason County area, 1.53 tpd and 2.75 tpd are the safety margins for VOC and NOX, respectively. The safety margin, or a portion thereof, can be allocated to any of the source categories, as long as the total attainment level of emissions is maintained. d. Monitoring Network. Michigan currently operates two ozone monitors in Kent County and one ozone monitor each in Ottawa, Kalamazoo, Clinton, Ingham, Benzie, Huron, and Mason Counties. MDEQ has committed to continue operating and maintaining an approved ozone monitor network in accordance with 40 CFR part 58. e. Verification of Continued Attainment. Continued attainment of the ozone NAAQS in the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas depends, in part, on the State’s efforts toward tracking indicators of continued attainment during the maintenance period. The State’s plan for verifying continued attainment of the 8-hour standard in the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas consists of plans to continue ambient ozone monitoring in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR part 58. In addition, MDEQ will periodically review and revise the VOC and NOX emissions inventories for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas, as required by the Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (40 CFR part 51), to track levels of emissions in the future. f. Contingency Plan. The contingency plan provisions are designed to promptly correct or prevent a violation of the NAAQS that might occur after redesignation of an area to attainment. Section 175A of the CAA requires that a maintenance plan include such contingency measures as EPA deems necessary to assure that the state will promptly correct a violation of the NAAQS that occurs after redesignation. The maintenance plan should identify the contingency measures to be adopted, a schedule and procedure for adoption and implementation of the contingency measures, and a time limit for action by the state. The state should also identify specific indicators to be used to determine when the contingency measures need to be adopted and implemented. The maintenance plan must include a requirement that the state will implement all measures with respect to control of the pollutant(s) that PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 70927 were contained in the SIP before redesignation of the area to attainment. See section 175A(d) of the CAA. As required by section 175A of the CAA, Michigan has adopted contingency plans for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas to address possible future ozone air quality problems. The contingency plans adopted by Michigan have two levels of response, depending on whether a violation of the 8-hour ozone standard is only threatened (Action Level Response) or has occurred (Contingency Measure Response). An Action Level Response will occur when a two-year average fourth-high monitored daily peak 8-hour ozone concentration of 85 ppb or higher is monitored within an ozone maintenance area. An Action Level Response will consist of Michigan performing a review of the circumstances leading to the high monitored values. MDEQ will conduct this review within 6 months following the close of the ozone season. If MDEQ determines that contingency measure implementation is necessary to prevent a future violation of the NAAQS, MDEQ will select and implement a measure that can be implemented promptly. A Contingency Measure Response will be triggered by a violation of the standard (a 3-year average of the annual fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration of 85 ppb or greater). When a Contingency Measure Response is triggered, Michigan will select one or more control measures for implementation. The timing for implementation of a contingency measure is dependent on the process needed for legal adoption and source compliance, which varies for each measure. MDEQ will expedite the process of adopting and implementing the selected measures, with a goal of having measures in place as expeditiously as practicable within 18 months. EPA is interpreting this commitment to mean that the measure will be in place within 18 months. Contingency measures contained in the maintenance plans are those emission controls or other measures that Michigan may choose to adopt and implement to correct possible air quality problems. These include the following: i. Lower Reid vapor pressure gasoline requirements; ii. Reduced VOC content in Architectural, Industrial, and Maintenance (AIM) coatings rule; iii. Auto body refinisher selfcertification audit program; iv. Reduced VOC degreasing rule; v. Transit improvements; E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70928 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules vi. Diesel retrofit program; vii. Reduced VOC content in commercial and consumer products rule; viii. Reduce idling program. g. Provisions for Future Updates of the Ozone Maintenance Plan. As required by section 175A(b) of the CAA, Michigan commits to submit to the EPA updated ozone maintenance plans eight years after redesignation of the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas to cover an additional 10-year period beyond the initial 10-year maintenance period. Michigan has committed to retain the control measures for VOC and NOX emissions that were contained in the SIP before redesignation of the areas to attainment, as required by section 175(A) of the CAA. EPA has concluded that the maintenance plans adequately address the five basic components of a maintenance plan: attainment inventory, maintenance demonstration, monitoring network, verification of continued attainment, and a contingency plan. The maintenance plan SIP revisions submitted by Michigan for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas meet the requirements of section 175A of the CAA. ii. Adequacy of Michigan’s Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets (MVEBs) sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS 1. How Are MVEBs Developed and What Are the MVEBs for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Mason County, and Huron County Areas? Under the CAA, states are required to submit, at various times, control strategy SIP revisions and ozone maintenance plans for ozone nonattainment areas and for areas seeking redesignations to attainment of the ozone standard. These emission control strategy SIP revisions (e.g., reasonable further progress SIP and attainment demonstration SIP revisions) and ozone maintenance plans create MVEBs based on onroad mobile source emissions for criteria pollutants and/or their precursors to address pollution from cars and trucks. The MVEBs are the portions of the total allowable emissions that are allocated to highway and transit vehicle use that, together with emissions from other sources in the area, will provide for attainment or maintenance. Under 40 CFR Part 93, an MVEB for an area seeking a redesignation to VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 attainment is established for the last year of the maintenance plan. The MVEB serves as a ceiling on emissions from an area’s planned transportation system. The MVEB concept is further explained in the preamble to the November 24, 1993, transportation conformity rule (58 FR 62188). The preamble also describes how to establish the MVEB in the SIP and how to revise the MVEB if needed. Under section 176(c) of the CAA, new transportation projects, such as the construction of new highways, must ‘‘conform’’ to (i.e., be consistent with) the part of the SIP that addresses emissions from cars and trucks. Conformity to the SIP means that transportation activities will not cause new air quality violations, worsen existing air quality violations, or delay timely attainment of the NAAQS. If a transportation plan does not conform, most new transportation projects that would expand the capacity of roadways cannot go forward. Regulations at 40 CFR part 93 set forth EPA policy, criteria, and procedures for demonstrating and assuring conformity of such transportation activities to a SIP. When reviewing SIP revisions containing MVEBs, including attainment strategies, rate-of-progress plans, and maintenance plans, EPA must affirmatively find that the MVEBs are ‘‘adequate’’ for use in determining transportation conformity. Once EPA affirmatively finds the submitted MVEBs to be adequate for transportation conformity purposes, the MVEBs are used by state and federal agencies in determining whether proposed transportation projects conform to the SIP as required by section 176(c) of the CAA. EPA’s substantive criteria for determining the adequacy of MVEBs are set out in 40 CFR 93.118(e)(4). EPA’s process for determining adequacy of an MVEB consists of three basic steps: (1) Providing public notification of a SIP submission; (2) providing the public the opportunity to comment on the MVEB during a public comment period; and (3) EPA’s finding of adequacy. The process of determining the adequacy of submitted SIP MVEBs was initially outlined in EPA’s May 14, 1999 guidance, ‘‘Conformity Guidance on Implementation of March 2, 1999, Conformity Court Decision.’’ This guidance was codified in the Transportation Conformity Rule Amendments for the ‘‘New 8-Hour Ozone and PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards and Miscellaneous Revisions for Existing Areas; Transportation Conformity Rule Amendments—Response to Court Decision and Additional Rule Change,’’ PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 published on July 1, 2004 (69 FR 40004). EPA follows this guidance and rulemaking in making its adequacy determinations. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas’ maintenance plans contain new VOC and NOX MVEBs for the year 2018. The availability of the SIP submissions with these 2018 MVEBs was announced for public comment on EPA’s Adequacy Web page on June 1, 2006, at: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/ stateresources/transconf/currsips.htm. The EPA public comment period on adequacy of the 2018 MVEBs for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, and Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas closed on July 3, 2006. No requests for these submittals or adverse comments on these submittals were received during the adequacy comment period. In letters dated July 1, 2006 and July 3, 2006, EPA informed MDEQ that we had found the 2018 MVEBs to be adequate for use in transportation conformity analyses. EPA, through this rulemaking, is approving the MVEBs for use to determine transportation conformity in the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas because EPA has determined that the areas can maintain attainment of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS for the relevant maintenance period with mobile source emissions at the levels of the MVEBs. MDEQ has determined the 2018 MVEBs for the Grand Rapids area to be 40.70 tpd for VOC and 97.87 tpd for NOX. These MVEBs exceed the onroad mobile source VOC and NOX emissions projected by MDEQ for 2018, as summarized in Table 19 above (‘‘onroad’’ source sector). MDEQ decided to include safety margins (described further below) of 27.31 tpd for VOC and 83.49 tpd for NOX in the MVEBs to provide for mobile source growth. Michigan has demonstrated that the Grand Rapids area can maintain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS with mobile source emissions of 40.70 tpd of VOC and 97.87 tpd of NOX in 2018, including the allocated safety margins, since emissions will still remain under attainment year emission levels. MDEQ has determined the 2018 MVEBs for the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area to be 29.67 tpd for VOC and 54.36 tpd for NOX. Again, these MVEBs exceed the onroad mobile source VOC and NOX emissions projected by MDEQ for 2018, as summarized in Table 20 above (‘‘onroad’’ source sector). MDEQ E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules decided to include safety margins of 20.62 tpd for VOC and 43.61 tpd for NOX in the MVEBs to provide for mobile source growth. Michigan has demonstrated that the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area can maintain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS with mobile source emissions of 29.67 tpd of VOC and 54.36 tpd of NOX in 2018, including the allocated safety margins, since emissions will still remain under attainment year emission levels. MDEQ has determined the 2018 MVEBs for the Lansing-East Lansing area to be 28.32 tpd for VOC and 53.07 tpd for NOX. These MVEBs exceed the onroad mobile source VOC and NOX emissions projected by MDEQ for 2018, as summarized in Table 21 above (‘‘onroad’’ source sector) because MDEQ decided to include safety margins of 19.95 tpd for VOC and 43.38 tpd for NOX in the MVEBs to provide for mobile source growth. Michigan has demonstrated that the Lansing-East Lansing area can maintain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS with mobile source emissions of 28.32 tpd of VOC and 53.07 tpd of NOX in 2018, including the allocated safety margins, since emissions will still remain under attainment year emission levels. MDEQ has determined the 2018 MVEBs for the Benzie County area to be 2.24 tpd for VOC and 1.99 tpd for NOX. These MVEBs exceed the onroad mobile source VOC and NOX emissions projected by MDEQ for 2018, as summarized in Table 22 above (‘‘onroad’’ source sector) because MDEQ decided to include safety margins of 1.93 tpd for VOC and 1.62 tpd for NOX in the MVEBs to provide for mobile source growth. Michigan has demonstrated that the Benzie County area can maintain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS with mobile source emissions of 2.24 tpd of VOC and 1.99 tpd of NOX in 2018, including the allocated safety margins, since emissions will still remain under attainment year emission levels. MDEQ has determined the 2018 MVEBs for the Huron County area to be 2.34 tpd for VOC and 7.53 tpd for NOX. These MVEBs exceed the onroad mobile source VOC and NOX emissions projected by MDEQ for 2018, as summarized in Table 23 above (‘‘onroad’’ source sector) because MDEQ decided to include safety margins of 1.79 tpd for VOC and 6.88 tpd for NOX in the MVEBs to provide for mobile source growth. Michigan has demonstrated that the Huron County area can maintain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS with mobile source emissions of 2.34 tpd of VOC and 7.53 tpd of NOX in 2018, including the allocated safety VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 margins, since emissions will still remain under attainment year emission levels. MDEQ has determined the 2018 MVEBs for the Mason County area to be 1.81 tpd for VOC and 2.99 tpd for NOX. These MVEBs exceed the onroad mobile source VOC and NOX emissions projected by MDEQ for 2018, as summarized in Table 24 above (‘‘onroad’’ source sector) because MDEQ decided to include safety margins of 1.38 tpd for VOC and 2.48 tpd for NOX in the MVEBs to provide for mobile source growth. Michigan has demonstrated that the Mason County area can maintain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS with mobile source emissions of 1.81 tpd of VOC and 2.99 tpd of NOX in 2018, including the allocated safety margins, since emissions will still remain under attainment year emission levels. 2. What Is a Safety Margin? A ‘‘safety margin’’ is the difference between the attainment level of emissions (from all sources) and the projected level of emissions (from all sources) in the maintenance plan. As noted in Table 19, the Grand Rapids area VOC and NOX emissions are projected to have safety margins of 30.34 tpd for VOC and 92.61 tpd for NOX in 2018 (the difference between the attainment year, 2002, emissions and the projected 2018 emissions for all sources in the Grand Rapids area). As noted in Table 20, the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area VOC and NOX emissions are projected to have safety margins of 22.86 tpd and 48.45 tpd, respectively. As noted in Table 21, the Lansing-East Lansing area VOC and NOX emissions are projected to have safety margins of 22.17 tpd and 48.20 tpd, respectively. As noted in Table 22, the Benzie County area VOC and NOX emissions are projected to have safety margins of 2.14 tpd and 1.80 tpd, respectively. As noted in Table 23, the Huron County area VOC and NOX emissions are projected to have safety margins of 1.96 tpd and 7.64 tpd, respectively. As noted in Table 24, the Mason County area VOC and NOX emissions are projected to have safety margins of 1.53 tpd and 2.75 tpd, respectively. Even if emissions reached the full level of the safety margin, the counties would still demonstrate maintenance since emission levels would equal those in the attainment year. The MVEBs requested by MDEQ contain safety margins for mobile sources smaller than the allowable safety margins reflected in the total emissions for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 70929 Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. The State is not requesting allocation of the entire available safety margins reflected in the demonstration of maintenance. Therefore, even though the State is requesting MVEBs that exceed the projected onroad mobile source emissions for 2018 contained in the demonstration of maintenance, the increase in onroad mobile source emissions that can be considered for transportation conformity purposes is well within the safety margins of the ozone maintenance demonstration. Further, once allocated to mobile sources, these safety margins will not be available for use by other sources. VIII. What Actions Is EPA Taking Today? EPA is proposing to make determinations that the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS, and EPA is proposing to approve the redesignations of the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas from nonattainment to attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. After evaluating Michigan’s redesignation requests, EPA has determined that they meet the redesignation criteria set forth in section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA. The final approval of these redesignation requests would change the official designations for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas from nonattainment to attainment for the 8-hour ozone standard. EPA is also proposing to approve the maintenance plan SIP revisions for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. EPA’s proposed approval of the maintenance plans is based on Michigan’s demonstration that the plans meet the requirements of section 175A of the CAA, as described more fully above. Additionally, EPA is finding adequate and proposing to approve the 2018 MVEBs submitted by Michigan in conjunction with the redesignation requests. IX. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Executive Order 12866; Regulatory Planning and Review Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), this action is E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1 70930 Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 235 / Thursday, December 7, 2006 / Proposed Rules not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ and therefore is not subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget. Paperwork Reduction Act This proposed rule does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). Regulatory Flexibility Act This proposed action merely proposes to approve state law as meeting Federal requirements and imposes no additional requirements beyond those imposed by state law. Redesignation of an area to attainment under section 107(d)(3)(E) of the Clean Air Act does not impose any new requirements on small entities. Redesignation is an action that affects the status of a geographical area and does not impose any new regulatory requirements on sources. Accordingly, the Administrator certifies that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Because this rule proposes to approve pre-existing requirements under state law and does not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond that required by state law, it does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104–4). sroberts on PROD1PC70 with PROPOSALS Executive Order 13132 Federalism This action also does not have Federalism implications because it does not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). Redesignation is an action that merely affects the status of a geographical area, does not impose any new requirements on sources, or allows a state to avoid adopting or implementing other requirements, and does not alter the relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities established in the Clean Air Act. Executive Order 13175 Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000) requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ‘‘meaningful and timely input by VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:22 Dec 06, 2006 Jkt 211001 tribal officials in the development of regulatory policies that have tribal implications.’’ This proposed rule also does not have tribal implications, as specified in Executive Order 13175, because redesignation is an action that affects the status of a geographical area and does not impose any new regulatory requirements on tribes, impact any existing sources of air pollution on tribal lands, nor impair the maintenance of ozone national ambient air quality standards in tribal lands. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this rule. Although Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this rule, EPA met with interested tribes in Michigan to discuss the redesignation process and the impact of a change in designation status of these areas on the tribes. Executive Order 13045 Protection of Children From Environmental Health and Safety Risks This proposed rule also is not subject to Executive Order 13045 ‘‘Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks’’ (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because it is not economically significant. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use Because it is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ under Executive Order 12866 or a ‘‘significant energy action,’’ this action is also not subject to Executive Order 13211, ‘‘Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use’’ (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). National Technology Transfer Advancement Act Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (NTTA), 15 U.S.C. 272, requires Federal agencies to use technical standards that are developed or adopted by voluntary consensus to carry out policy objectives, so long as such standards are not inconsistent with applicable law or otherwise impracticable. In reviewing program submissions, EPA’s role is to approve state choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. Absent a prior existing requirement for the state to use voluntary consensus standards, EPA has no authority to disapprove a program submission for failure to use such standards, and it would thus be inconsistent with applicable law for EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in place of a program PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4702 Sfmt 4702 submission that otherwise satisfies the provisions of the Act. Redesignation is an action that affects the status of a geographical area but does not impose any new requirements on sources. Thus, the requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. List of Subjects 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Volatile organic compounds. 40 CFR Part 81 Environmental protection, Air Pollution Control, National parks, Wilderness areas. Dated: November 21, 2006. Mary A. Gade, Regional Administrator, Region 5. [FR Doc. E6–20639 Filed 12–6–06; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–P DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Federal Emergency Management Agency 44 CFR Part 67 [Docket No. FEMA–B–7700] Proposed Flood Elevation Determinations AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS. ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: Technical information or comments are requested on the proposed Base (1% annual chance) Flood Elevations (BFEs) and proposed BFE modifications for the communities listed below. The BFEs are the basis for the floodplain management measures that the community is required either to adopt or to show evidence of being already in effect in order to qualify or remain qualified for participation in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). DATES: The comment period is ninety (90) days following the second publication of this proposed rule in a newspaper of local circulation in each community. ADDRESSES: The proposed BFEs for each community are available for inspection at the office of the Chief Executive Officer of each community. The E:\FR\FM\07DEP1.SGM 07DEP1
[Pages 70915-70930]
[FR Doc No: E6-20639]
[EPA-R05-OAR-2006-0517; FRL-8251-7]
of Areas for Air Quality Planning Purposes; MI; Redesignation of Grand
Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County,
Huron County, and Mason County 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas to
Attainment for Ozone
SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to make determinations under the Clean Air
Act (CAA) that the nonattainment areas of Grand Rapids (Kent and Ottawa
Counties), Kalamazoo-Battle Creek (Calhoun, Kalamazoo, and Van Buren
Counties), Lansing-East Lansing (Clinton, Eaton, and Ingham Counties),
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County have attained the 8-hour
ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). These
determinations are based on two three-year periods of complete,
quality-assured ambient air quality monitoring data for the 2002-2004
seasons and the 2003-2005 seasons that demonstrate that the 8-hour
ozone NAAQS have been attained in the areas.
EPA is proposing to approve requests from the State of Michigan to
redesignate the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East
Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas to
attainment of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. The Michigan Department of
Environmental Quality (MDEQ) submitted these requests on May 9, 2006
and supplemented them on May 26, 2006 and August 25, 2006. In proposing
to approve these requests, EPA is also proposing to approve, as
revisions to the Michigan State Implementation Plan (SIP), the State's
plans for maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2018 in the areas.
EPA also finds adequate and is proposing to approve the State's 2018
Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets (MVEBs) for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-
Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and
Mason County areas.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before January 8, 2007.
OAR-2006-0517, by one of the following methods:
Air Programs Branch, (AR-18J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 77
Section, Air Programs Branch, (AR-18J), U.S. Environmental Protection
2006-0517. EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included
[[Page 70916]]
Do not submit this information to EPA through www.regulations.gov
or e-mail. Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you
claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or CD ROM that you mail
to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD ROM as CBI and then identify
to make determinations that the Grand Rapids (Kent and Ottawa
Counties), Kalamazoo-Battle Creek (Calhoun, Kalamazoo and Van Buren
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County, Michigan nonattainment
areas have attained the 8-hour ozone standard and that these areas have
met the requirements for redesignation under section 107(d)(3)(E) of
the CAA. EPA is thus proposing to approve Michigan's requests to change
the legal designations of the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County
areas from nonattainment to attainment for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS. EPA
is also proposing to approve Michigan's maintenance plan SIP revisions
for Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie
County, Huron County, and Mason County (such approvals being one of the
CAA criteria for redesignation to attainment status). The maintenance
plans are designed to keep the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
areas in attainment of the ozone NAAQS through 2018. Additionally, EPA
is announcing its action on the Adequacy Process for the newly-
established 2018 MVEBs for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
areas. The adequacy comment periods for the 2018 MVEBs began on June 1,
2006, with EPA's posting of the availability of these submittals on
EPA's Adequacy Web site (at http://www.epa.gov/otaq/
stateresources/transconf/adequacy.htm). The adequacy
comment periods for these MVEBs ended on July 3, 2006. EPA did not
receive any requests for these submittals or adverse comments on these
submittals during the adequacy comment periods. Please see the Adequacy
Therefore, we find adequate and are proposing to approve the State's
2018 MVEBs for transportation conformity purposes.
ozone NAAQS was based on a 1-hour standard. At the time EPA revoked the
1-hour ozone NAAQS, on June 15, 2005, the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-
Mason County areas were all designated as attainment under the 1-hour
address planning and control requirements for nonattainment areas.
7511f, respectively.) Subpart 1 (which EPA refers to as ``basic''
nonattainment) contains general requirements for nonattainment areas
for any pollutant, including ozone, governed by a NAAQS. Subpart 2
(which EPA refers to as ``classified'' nonattainment) provides more
specific requirements for ozone nonattainment areas. Some ozone
nonattainment areas are subject only to the provisions of subpart 1.
Other ozone nonattainment areas are subject to the provisions of both
subparts 1 and 2. Under EPA's 8-hour ozone implementation rule, (69 FR
23951 (April 30, 2004)), an area was classified under subpart 2 based
on its 8-hour ozone design value (i.e., the 3-year average annual
fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration), if it
had a 1-hour design value at the time of designation at or above 0.121
ppm (the lowest 1-hour design value in Table 1 of subpart 2) (69 FR
23954). All other areas are covered under subpart 1, based upon their
8-hour design values (69 FR 23958). The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle
Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason
County areas were all designated as subpart 1, 8-hour ozone
nonattainment areas by EPA on April 30, 2004, (69 FR 23857, 23910-
23911) based on air quality monitoring data from 2001-2003 (69 FR
On May 9, 2006, Michigan requested that EPA redesignate the Grand
Huron County, and Mason County areas to attainment for the 8-hour ozone
standard. The redesignation requests included three years of complete,
quality-assured data for the period of 2002 through 2004, as well as
complete quality assured data for 2005, indicating the 8-hour NAAQS for
ozone had been attained for all of the areas covered by the request.
Under the CAA, nonattainment areas may be redesignated to attainment if
175A; and (5) the state containing such area has met all requirements
``Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Design Value Calculations'', Memorandum
On May 9, 2006, Michigan requested redesignation of the Grand
standard. Michigan supplemented their submittal on May 26, 2006. EPA
believes that the areas have attained the standard and have met the
Approval of the redesignation requests would change the official
designation of the areas for the 8-hour ozone NAAQS found at 40 CFR
part 81. It would also incorporate into the Michigan SIP plans for
maintaining the 8-hour ozone NAAQS through 2018. The maintenance plans
include contingency measures to remedy future violations of the 8-hour
NAAQS. They also establish MVEBs for the year 2018 of 40.70 tons per
day (tpd) VOC and 97.87 tpd NOX for the Grand Rapids area,
29.67 tpd VOC and 54.36 tpd NOX
for the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek area, 28.32 tpd VOC and 53.07 tpd
NOX for the Lansing-East Lansing area, 2.24 tpd VOC and 1.99
tpd NOX for the Benzie County area, 2.34 tpd VOC and 7.53
tpd NOX for the Huron County area, and 1.81 tpd VOC and 2.99
tpd NOX for the Mason County area.
EPA is proposing to make determinations that the Grand Rapids,
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron
County, and Mason County nonattainment areas have attained the 8-hour
ozone standard and that the areas have met all other applicable section
107(d)(3)(E) redesignation criteria. The basis for EPA's determinations
1. The Areas Have Attained the 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS (Section
County, and Mason County areas have attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
For ozone, an area may be considered to be attaining the 8-hour ozone
NAAQS if there are no violations, as determined in accordance with 40
CFR 50.10 and Part 50, Appendix I, based on three complete, consecutive
calendar years of quality-assured air quality monitoring data. To
attain this standard, the 3-year average of the fourth-highest daily
maximum 8-hour average ozone concentrations measured at each monitor
within an area over each year must not exceed 0.08 ppm. Based on the
rounding convention described in 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, the
part 58, and recorded in the Aerometric Information Retrieval System
(AIRS). The monitors generally should have remained at the same
location for the duration of the monitoring period required for
demonstrating attainment.
MDEQ submitted ozone monitoring data for the 2002 to 2004 ozone
seasons. They also submitted data for the 2005 ozone season. The MDEQ
quality assured the ambient monitoring in accordance with 40 CFR 58.10,
and recorded it in the AIRS database, thus making the data publicly
available. The data meets the completeness criteria in 40 CFR Part 50,
Appendix I, which requires a minimum completeness of 75 percent
annually and 90 percent over each three year period. Monitoring data is
presented in Table 1 below. Data completeness information is presented
Table 1.--Annual 4th High Daily Maximum 8-Hour Ozone Concentration and 3-Year Averages of 4th High Daily Maximum 8-Hour Ozone Concentrations
2002-      2003-
2002  4th  2003  4th  2004  4th  2005  4th     2004       2005
Area                           County                  Monitor             high       high       high       high     average    average
(ppm)      (ppm)      (ppm)      (ppm)      (ppm)      (ppm)
Grand Rapids........................  Kent...................  Grand Rapids 26-0810020      0.087      0.085      0.068      0.083      0.080      0.079
Evans 26-0810022.......      0.088      0.093      0.072      0.083      0.084      0.083
Ottawa.................  Jenison 26-1390005.....      0.093      0.090      0.069      0.086      0.084      0.082
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek..............  Kalamazoo..............  Kalamazoo 26-0770008...      0.090      0.085      0.068      0.086      0.081      0.080
Lansing-East Lansing................  Clinton................  Rose Lake 26-0370001...      0.085      0.086      0.070      0.078      0.080      0.078
Ingham.................  Lansing-East Lansing 26-     0.088      0.085      0.068      0.082      0.080      0.078
0650012.
Benzie..............................  Benzie.................  Frankfort 26-0190003...      0.086      0.089      0.075      0.086      0.083      0.083
Huron...............................  Huron..................  Harbor Beach 26-0633006      0.087      0.086      0.068      0.077      0.080      0.077
Mason...............................  Mason..................  Scottville 26-1050007..      0.089      0.087      0.071      0.085      0.082      0.081
Table 2.--Data Completeness in Percent (%)
2002-2004  2003-2005
Area                             County                     Monitor             2002     2003     2004     2005    average    average
(%)      (%)      (%)      (%)       (%)        (%)
Grand Rapids...........................  Kent......................  Grand Rapids 26-0810020..       97       98       98       99         98         98
..........................  Evans 26-0810022.........      100      100       99       98        100         99
Ottawa....................  Jenison 26-1390005.......       99      100       98       99         99         99
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek.................  Kalamazoo.................  Kalamazoo 26-0770008.....      100       97      100       98         99         99
Lansing-East Lansing...................  Clinton...................  Rose Lake 26-0370001.....       99      100      100      100        100        100
Ingham....................  Lansing-East Lansing 26-       100       99      100       98        100         99
Benzie.................................  Benzie....................  Frankfort 26-0190003.....      100      100      100       98        100         99
Huron..................................  Huron.....................  Harbor Beach 26-0633006..      100       97      100       97         99         98
Mason..................................  Mason.....................  Scottville 26-1050007....      100      100       96       95         99         97
plans, MDEQ has committed to continue operating an EPA approved
monitoring network in accordance with 40 CFR part 58. In summary, EPA
believes that the data submitted by Michigan provide an adequate
demonstration that the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-
East Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have
attained the 8-hour ozone NAAQS.
Furthermore, preliminary monitoring data for the 2006 ozone season show
that the areas continue to attain the NAAQS.
2. The Areas Have Met All Applicable Requirements Under Section 110 and
Part D; and the Areas Have Fully Approved SIPs Under Section 110(k)
SIP requirements for purposes of redesignation for the Grand Rapids,
County, and Mason County areas under Section 110 of the CAA (general
SIP requirements). We have also determined that the Michigan SIP meets
under Part D of Title I of the CAA (requirements specific to Subpart 1
nonattainment areas), in accordance with section 107(d)(3)(E)(v). In
addition, we have determined that the Michigan SIP is fully approved
with respect to all applicable requirements for purposes of
redesignation, in accordance with section 107(d)(3)(E)(ii). In making
these determinations, we have ascertained what SIP requirements are
applicable to the areas for purposes of redesignation, and have
a. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing,
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have met all
applicable requirements under section 110 and part D of the CAA. The
September 4, 1992 Calcagni memorandum (see ``Procedures for Processing
Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment,'' Memorandum from John
Calcagni, Director, Air Quality Management Division, September 4, 1992)
describes EPA's interpretation of section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA.
Under this interpretation, a state and the area it wishes to
redesignate must meet the relevant CAA requirements that are due prior
to the state's submittal of a complete redesignation request for the
area. See also the September 17, 1993 Michael Shapiro memorandum and 60
FR 12459, 12465-12466 (March 7, 1995) (redesignation of Detroit-Ann
Arbor, Michigan to attainment of the 1-hour ozone NAAQS). Applicable
requirements of the CAA that come due subsequent to the state's
submittal of a complete request remain applicable until a redesignation
to attainment is approved, but are not required as a prerequisite to
redesignation. See section 175A(c) of the CAA. Sierra Club v. EPA, 375
F.3d 537 (7th Cir. 2004). See also 68 FR 25424, 25427 (May 12, 2003)
(redesignation of the St. Louis/East St. Louis area to attainment of
the 1-hour ozone NAAQS).
programs; includes criteria for stationary source emission control
measures, monitoring, and reporting; includes provisions for air
quality modeling; and provides for public and local agency
1995). See also the discussion on this issue in the Cincinnati ozone
states, including portions of Michigan, to reduce emissions of
NOX in order to reduce the transport of ozone and ozone
precursors. In compliance with EPA's NOX SIP call, MDEQ
has developed rules governing the control of NOX
emissions from Electric Generating Units (EGUs), major non-EGU
industrial boilers, and major cement kilns. EPA approved Michigan's
rules as fulfilling Phase I of the NOX SIP Call on May 4,
2005 (70 FR 23029).
Part D Requirements. EPA has determined that the Michigan SIP meets
applicable SIP requirements under part D of the CAA, since no
the 8-hour ozone standard prior to MDEQ's submission of the
redesignation request for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
Under part D, an area's classification determines the requirements to
which it will be subject. Subpart 1 of part D, found in sections 172-
176 of the CAA, sets forth the basic nonattainment requirements
applicable to all nonattainment areas. Section 182 of the CAA, found in
depending on the area's nonattainment classification. The Grand Rapids,
County, and Mason County areas were all classified as subpart 1
nonattainment areas, and, therefore, subpart 2 requirements do not
1 SIP requirements for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
areas are contained in sections 172(c)(1)-(9). A thorough discussion of
the requirements contained in section 172 can be found in the General
redesignation. Since the State of Michigan has submitted complete ozone
redesignation requests for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
areas prior to the deadline for any submissions required for purposes
of redesignation, we have determined that these requirements do not
apply to the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East
Lansing, Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas for
Attainment.'' Michigan has demonstrated that the areas to be
the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie
County, Huron County, and Mason County areas upon redesignation to
attainment. See rulemakings for Detroit, Michigan (60 FR 12467-12468,
March 7, 1995); Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, Ohio (61 FR 20458, 20469-20470,
May 7, 1996); Louisville, Kentucky (66 FR 53665, October 23, 2001); and
Grand Rapids, Michigan (61 FR 31834-31837, June 21, 1996).
conform to the air quality planning goals in the applicable SIPs. The
programs and projects developed, funded or approved under Title 23 of
the U.S. Code and the Federal Transit Act (transportation conformity)
as well as to all other federally-supported or funded projects (general
conformity). State conformity revisions must be consistent with federal
conformity regulations relating to consultation, enforcement and
enforceability, which EPA promulgated pursuant to CAA requirements.
on December 18, 1996 (61 FR 66607 and 61 FR 66609, respectively).
Michigan has submitted on-highway motor vehicle budgets of 40.70 tons
per day (tpd) VOC and 97.87 tpd NOX for the Grand Rapids
area, 29.67 tpd VOC and 54.36 tpd NOX for the Kalamazoo-
Battle Creek area, 28.32 tpd VOC and 53.07 tpd NOX for the
Lansing-East Lansing area, 2.24 tpd VOC and 1.99 tpd NOX for
the Benzie County area, 2.34 tpd VOC and 7.53 tpd NOX for
the Huron County area, and 1.81 tpd VOC and 2.99 tpd NOX for
the Mason County area, based on the areas' projected 2018 emissions
levels. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing,
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas must use the motor
vehicle emissions budgets from the maintenance plans in any conformity
determination that is effective on or after the effective date of the
maintenance plan approval. Thus, the areas have satisfied all
b. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing,
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas have a fully
approved applicable SIP under section 110(k) of the CAA. EPA has fully
approved the Michigan SIP for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
areas under section 110(k) of the CAA for all requirements applicable
various required SIP elements applicable to the Grand Rapids,
County, and Mason County areas under the 1-hour ozone standard. No
Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing, Benzie
County, Huron County, or Mason County area SIP provisions are currently
disapproved, conditionally approved, or partially approved.
Permanent and Enforceable Reductions. (Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii))
quality improvement in the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek,
areas is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions
resulting from implementation of the SIP, federal measures, and other
state-adopted measures.
in emissions between 1999 and 2002, one of the years the Grand Rapids,
County, and Mason County areas monitored attainment. The reduction in
measures that Michigan and upwind areas have implemented in recent
years. The Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing,
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas are all impacted,
in varying degrees, by the transport of ozone and ozone precursors from
upwind areas. Therefore, local controls as well as controls implemented
in upwind counties are relevant to the improvement in air quality in
County, Huron County, and Mason County areas.
a. Permanent and enforceable controls implemented. The following is
a discussion of permanent and enforceable measures that have been
implemented in the areas:
NOX rules. In compliance with EPA's NOX SIP call,
Michigan developed rules to control NOX emissions from
Electric Generating Units (EGUs), major non-EGU industrial boilers, and
major cement kilns. These rules required sources to begin reducing
NOX emissions in 2004. However, statewide NOX
emissions actually had begun to decline before 2004, as sources phased
in emission controls needed to comply with the State's NOX
emission control regulations. From 2004 on, NOX emissions
from EGUs have been capped at a statewide total well below pre-2002
levels. MDEQ expects that NOX emissions will further decline
as the State meets the requirements of EPA's Phase II NOX
SIP call (69 FR 21604 (April 21, 2004)).
NOX emissions have occurred statewide as a result of federal
emission control measures, with additional emission reductions expected
to occur in the future as the state implements additional emission
controls. Federal emission control measures include: the National Low
Emission Vehicle (NLEV) program, Tier 2 emission standards for
vehicles, gasoline sulfur limits, low sulfur diesel fuel standards, and
heavy-duty diesel engine standards. In addition, in 2004, EPA issued
the Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule (69 FR 38958 (July 29, 2004)). EPA
expects this rule to reduce off-road diesel emissions through 2010,
with emission reductions starting in 2008.
Control Measures in Upwind Areas. Upwind ozone nonattainment areas
in the Lake Michigan region, including Chicago, Illinois; Gary,
Indiana; and Milwaukee, Wisconsin have continued to reduce emissions of
VOC and NOX to meet their rate of progress obligations under
the 1-hour ozone standard. Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin have all
developed regulations to control NOX: Illinois and Indiana
pursuant to the NOX SIP call and Wisconsin to meet rate of
progress requirements. These upwind reductions in emissions have
resulted in lower concentrations of transported ozone entering
Michigan. The emission reductions resulting from these upwind control
programs are permanent and enforceable.
b. Emission reductions. Michigan is using 1999 for the
nonattainment inventory and 2002, one of the years used to demonstrate
monitored attainment of the NAAQS, for the attainment inventory. MDEQ
took emissions estimates, with the exception of the nonroad sector,
from EPA's final 1999 and 2002 National Emissions Inventories (NEI).
NEI emissions estimates for the nonroad sector were generated using
different versions of EPA's NONROAD model for 1999 and 2002. To provide
consistency, Michigan estimated nonroad emissions for both 1999 and
2002 using the most current version of EPA's National Mobile Inventory
Model (NMIM).
Based on the inventories described above, Michigan's submittal
documents changes in VOC and NOX emissions from 1999 to 2002
for the Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Lansing-East Lansing,
Benzie County, Huron County, and Mason County areas. Emissions data are
shown in Tables 3 through 14 below.
Table 3.--Grand Rapids Area: Total VOC and NOX Emissions for Nonattainment Year 1999 in Tons per Year (tpy)
Kent                 Ottawa                 Total
VOC        NOX        VOC        NOX        VOC        NOX
Point.........................................      4,506      1,134      1,640     37,001      6,146     38,135
Area..........................................     18,002      3,122      7,279      1,132     25,281      4,254
Nonroad.......................................      5,063      4,938      2,598      2,642      7,661      7,580
Onroad........................................     12,225     15,939      5,071      7,774     17,296     23,713
Total.....................................     39,796     25,133     16,588     48,549     56,384     73,682
Table 4.--Grand Rapids Area: Total VOC and NOX Emissions for Attainment Year 2002 (tpy)
Point.........................................      2,104        769      1,375     17,690      3,479     18,459
Area..........................................     14,546      2,862      6,896      1,216     21,442      4,078
Nonroad.......................................      4,956      4,932      2,563      2,629      7,519      7,561
Onroad........................................     10,392     17,229      3,603      6,079     13,995     23,308
Total.....................................     31,998     25,792     14,437     27,614     46,435     53,406
Table 5.--Grand Rapids Area: Comparison of 1999 and 2002 VOC and NOX Emissions (tpy)
VOC                                   NOX
Sector                                         Net change                            Net change
1999       2002      (1999-2002)      1999       2002      (1999-2002)
Point...............................      6,146      3,479          -2,667     38,135     18,459         -19,676
Area................................     25,281     21,442          -3,839      4,254      4,078            -176
Nonroad.............................      7,661      7,519            -142      7,580      7,561             -19
Onroad..............................     17,296     13,995          -3,301     23,713     23,308            -405
Total...........................     56,384     46,435          -9,949     73,682     53,406         -20,276
Table 6.--Kalamazoo-Battle Creek Area: Total VOC and NOX Emissions for Nonattainment Year 1999 (tpy)
Calhoun              Kalamazoo             Van Buren               Total
VOC        NOX        VOC        NOX        VOC        NOX        VOC        NOX
Point...........................................................        499      1,036        547      2,202         32         42      1,078      3,280
Area............................................................      5,077        649      7,709        944      3,699        423     16,485      2,016
Nonroad.........................................................      1,026        982      1,986      1,640      1,105        543      4,117      3,165
Onroad..........................................................      3,633      5,702      5,410      7,489      1,777      3,582     10,820     16,773
Total.......................................................     10,235      8,369     15,652     12,275      6,613      4,590     32,500     25,234
Table 7.--Kalamazoo-Battle Creek Area: Total VOC and NOX Emissions for Attainment Year 2002 (tpy)
Point...........................................................        580        817        470        816         22         36      1,072      1,669
Area............................................................      3,071        666      8,739      1,033      2,373        303     14,183      2,002
Nonroad.........................................................      1,007        973      1,907      1,620      1,133        535      4,047      3,128
Onroad..........................................................      3,158      5,560      4,796      7,958      1,583      2,953      9,537     16,471
Total.......................................................      7,816      8,016     15,912     11,427      5,111      3,827     28,839     23,270
Table 8.--Kalamazoo-Battle Creek Area: Comparison of 1999 and 2002 VOC and NOX Emissions (tpy)
Point...............................      1,078      1,072              -6      3,280      1,669          -1,611
Area................................     16,485     14,183          -2,302      2,016      2,002             -14
Nonroad.............................      4,117      4,047             -70      3,165      3,128             -37
Onroad..............................     10,820      9,537          -1,283     16,773     16,471            -302
Total...........................     32,500     28,839          -3,661     25,234     23,270          -1,964
Table 9.--Lansing-East Lansing Area: Total VOC and NOX Emissions for Nonattainment Year 1999 (tpy)
Clinton                Eaton                Ingham                 Total
Point...........................................................        188        117         99      2,583      1,668      6,133      1,955      8,833
Area............................................................      2,421        213      3,348        356      6,706      1,293     12,475      1,862
Nonroad.........................................................        879        783        796        876      1,558      1,520      3,233      3,179
Onroad..........................................................      1,638      3,035      2,335      3,921      6,218      8,360     10,191     15,316
Total.......................................................      5,126      4,148      6,578      7,736     16,150     17,306     27,854     29,190
Table 10.--Lansing-East Lansing Area: Total VOC and NOX; Emissions for Attainment Year 2002 (tpy)
Point...........................................................        197        168         56      1,919      2,092      6,150      2,345      8,237
Area............................................................      1,645        232      2,205        416      3,879      1,043      7,729      1,691
Nonroad.........................................................        875        755        779        847      1,541      1,509      3,195      3,111
Onroad..........................................................      1,870      3,432      2,052      3,670      4,678      7,892      8,600     14,994
Total.......................................................      4,587      4,587      5,092      6,852     12,190     16,594     21,869     28,033
Table 11.--Lansing-East Lansing Area: Comparison of 1999 and 2002 VOC and NOX Emissions (tpy)
Point...............................      1,955      2,345             390      8,833      8,237            -596
Area................................     12,475      7,729          -4,746      1,862      1,691            -171
Nonroad.............................      3,233      3,195             -38      3,179      3,111             -68
Onroad..............................     10,191      8,600          -1,591     15,316     14,994            -322
Total...........................     27,854     21,869          -5,985     29,190     28,033          -1,157
Table 12.--Benzie County Area: Comparison of 1999 and 2002 VOC and NOX Emissions (tpy)
Point...............................          3          1              -2          4          7               3
Area................................      1,005        783            -222         78         73              -5
Nonroad.............................      1,536      1,643             107        186        182              -4
Onroad..............................        314        323               9        595        584             -11
Total...........................      2,858      2,750            -108        863        846             -17