Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP3335633B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-08-08 04:44:38
Document Index: 11362316

Matched Legal Cases: ['art.\n2', 'art 414', 'art 414', 'art 412', 'art 414', 'art 412', 'art 414', 'art 414']

JP3335633B2 - Antenna configuration for wireless communication devices - Google Patents
Antenna configuration for wireless communication devices
JP3335633B2
JP3335633B2 JP50976295A JP50976295A JP3335633B2 JP 3335633 B2 JP3335633 B2 JP 3335633B2 JP 50976295 A JP50976295 A JP 50976295A JP 50976295 A JP50976295 A JP 50976295A JP 3335633 B2 JP3335633 B2 JP 3335633B2
JP50976295A
JPH08503835A (en
アルバート，マイク
アンダーソン，エリック・アルビド
キム，ジン
フィリップス，ジェームス
モラー，ポール・ジョン
1994-08-19 Application filed by モトローラ・インコーポレイテッド filed Critical モトローラ・インコーポレイテッド
1994-08-19 Priority to PCT/US1994/009444 priority patent/WO1995008853A1/en
1996-04-23 Publication of JPH08503835A publication Critical patent/JPH08503835A/en
2002-10-21 Publication of JP3335633B2 publication Critical patent/JP3335633B2/en
Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to antenna configurations and, more particularly, to antenna configurations for wireless communication devices.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many forms of wireless communication systems are becoming more widespread. “Wireless communication device” in this sense includes cellular telephones, patio telephones, various forms of cordless telephones, personal communication devices, and the like. Wireless communication devices are characterized by being easily portable by the user.
Generally, wireless communication devices include an antenna configuration for performing wireless communication. The antenna configuration cooperates with the circuitry of the wireless communication device to provide a transmission, reception or transmission / reception function of the wireless communication device. A desirable antenna configuration is small, reliable, and easy to manufacture. Since the wireless communication device is portable, a desirable antenna configuration is between a stowed position and an unstowed position, for example, a retracted position and an extended position.
ded) position is generally movable.
Antenna configuration designers attempt to optimize the antenna configuration dimensions, reliability, and manufacturability while achieving the desired performance of the antenna configuration. As technology advances, wireless communication devices are becoming smaller and smaller, so the antenna configuration of these smaller devices must also be smaller to maintain the storable features and desired performance of the antenna configuration. FIGS. 1 to 3 show first, second and third antenna configurations of a wireless communication device for optimizing both the size and performance of a conventional antenna configuration.
FIG. 1 shows a first antenna configuration of a wireless communication device 100 according to the prior art. A detailed description of the antenna configuration 102 of FIG. 1 can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,121,218. The antenna configuration 102 of FIG.
And an extendable half-wave antenna 106. The helical antenna is coupled to circuit 108 of wireless communication device 100. The extendable half-wave antenna 106 is capacitively coupled to the helical antenna 104 when in the extended position and is substantially helical when in the retracted position (shown by the dotted line).
Adapted to be separated from 104. Advantages of this antenna configuration 102 include contactless coupling between the helical antenna 104 and the extensible half-wave antenna 106 and the ability of the extensible half-wave antenna 106 to extend the maximum current. And the performance of the antenna configuration represented by the height 112 that occurs when However, a disadvantage of this antenna configuration 102 is that its physical overall length 110 is too long to meet the needs of today's small wireless communication devices.
FIG. 2 shows a second antenna configuration 202 of a communication device 200 according to the prior art. A detailed description of the second antenna configuration 202 can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,868,576. Antenna configuration 202
Includes a helical antenna 204 coupled to a circuit 208 and an extendable half-wave helical antenna 206. Advantages of antenna configuration 202 over antenna configuration 102 of FIG.
Height 210 is less than height 110 of antenna configuration 102. However, a disadvantage of the antenna configuration 202 is that the height 212 at which the maximum current of the expandable half-wave antenna 206 occurs when the expandable half-wave antenna 206 is extended is the height at which the maximum current occurs in FIG. It is lower than 112. Thus, the performance of antenna configuration 202 is sacrificed for short antennas.
FIG. 3 shows a third antenna configuration 302 of a wireless communication device 300 according to the prior art. Antenna configuration 302 generally includes a first straight section 304 and a second helical section 306 electrically separated from first straight section 304. Each of the straight portion and the helical portion 306 has an electrical wavelength of 1/4 wavelength. The straight section 304 includes a terminal 310 for connecting to the connector 312 when the antenna configuration is extended. Similarly, helical section 306 includes a terminal 314 for connecting to connector 312 when the antenna configuration is retracted. The circuit 308 is
Coupled to antenna configuration 302 via connector 312. An advantage of the antenna configuration 302 is that its height 316 is further reduced from the height shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. However, a drawback of the antenna configuration 302 is that the height at which the current maximum occurs when the antenna configuration 302 is extended is much lower than the height of the current maximum shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. (Shown below).
Thus, there is a need for a wireless communication device antenna configuration that is further miniaturized, yet achieves the desired performance and maintains acceptable reliability and manufacturability.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a first example of a wireless communication device according to the prior art.
2 shows an antenna configuration.
FIG. 2 shows a second example of a wireless communication device according to the prior art.
FIG. 3 shows a wireless communication apparatus according to the prior art.
FIG. 4 shows an antenna configuration of a wireless communication device in which a part of the antenna configuration is extended from the wireless communication device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows an antenna configuration of a wireless communication device in which a part of the antenna configuration is accommodated in the wireless communication device according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the antenna configuration of FIGS. 5 and 6 according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows an antenna configuration 402 of a wireless communication device 400 in which the movable element 406 of the antenna configuration 402 has been extended from the wireless communication device 400 in accordance with the present invention. Wireless communication device 400 generally includes an antenna configuration 402 and a circuit 408 coupled to the antenna configuration 402. Antenna configuration 402 generally includes a first element 404 and a second element 406.
First element 404 is coupled to circuit 408 of the wireless communication device. The second element 406 is movable with respect to the first element 404 between a first position (shown in FIG. 4) and a second position (shown in FIG. 5). The performance of the antenna configuration 402 depends on the second element 4
Compared to the performance of the antenna configuration 402 when 06 is in either the first position or the second position, the performance is substantially lower when the second element 406 is between the first and second positions. The second element 406 is physically spaced from and substantially electrically coupled to the first element in both the first position and the second position.
Because the second element is physically separated from and substantially electrically coupled to the first element in both the first and second positions, the antenna configuration of the present invention may be configured as shown in FIGS. Optimize both size and performance in a way that could not be achieved by the prior art. A detailed description of such optimization is provided below.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, second element 406 is movable along a longitudinal axis 410 of second element 406. Second element 406
This axial movement is advantageous for easily accommodating the second element 406 in the communication device 400. However, other antenna configurations that move in other axes, such as a rotation axis or a horizontal axis, can be implemented while maintaining the same advantages of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, second element 406 is substantially extended from wireless communication device 400 in a first position (see FIG. 4) and wireless communication device 400 in a second position (see FIG. 5). Is substantially contained within. Alternatively, the second element 406 may be housed outside the wireless communication device 400. Further, the second element 406 itself may be a telescoping member and is within the scope of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second element 406 comprises a first portion 412 having a linear shape and a second portion 414 having a helical shape, wherein the first portion 412 is a second portion.
Electrically coupled to 414. In a preferred embodiment, the first portion 412
The connection between the second part 414 and the second part 414 is a direct connection made by forming the first part 412 and the second part 414 from one fine wire. However, the first part 412 and the second part 414
May be composed of two independent fine wires, which may then be electrically and mechanically connected by means of solder or welded joints.
The antenna configuration 402 of the present invention as shown in FIG. 4 differs from the conventional antenna configuration 302 as shown in FIG. 3 in that the movable portion of the antenna configuration 402 of the present invention includes both a linear shape and a helical shape. Is similar to The difference between the present invention and the prior art is that, in the present invention, the first portion 412 having a linear shape is electrically coupled to the second portion 414 having a helical shape, whereas in the prior art, a portion having a linear shape is formed. 30
Numeral 4 means that it is electrically separated from the second portion 306 having a helical shape. In the present invention, a first portion 406 having a linear shape and a second portion 414 having a helical shape are provided.
The advantage of the electrical coupling between and will be further described below.
Also, the first portion 412 of the second element 406 having a linear shape
Is the helical diameter of the second portion 414 having a helical shape.
al diameter). The first portion 412 having a helical shape offers the advantage of further reducing the height of the second element 406. However, the mechanical reliability of the second element 406 is sacrificed because the helical coil has a lower shape memory for permanent mechanical deformation than the linear shape.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second element 406 is the first
When moved to a position (see FIG. 4), the first portion 412 having a linear shape is coupled to the first element 404 and the second element 406
Is moved to the second position (see FIG. 5), the second part 414 having a helical shape is coupled to the first element 404.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, antenna configuration 402 operates in a frequency band. Both the first portion 412 and the second portion 414 comprise an effective electrical length defined by an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength at at least one frequency in the frequency band. As shown in FIG. 4, the second element 406 has an electrical length of 波長 wavelength, the first portion 412 having a linear shape has an electrical length of / 4 wavelength, and has a helical shape. Is also 1/4 wavelength.
In the preferred embodiment, the height 417 where the maximum current occurs is the first
At the junction of the portion 412 and the second portion 414. Thus the second
By forming the element 406, the antenna height 416 is reduced and the maximum current height 417 near the top of the second element 406
Becomes The present invention provides a height 417 at which the maximum current occurs in the present invention at the same height 112 as shown in FIG. 1 of the prior art, and a height 1 of the extensible element 106 in the prior art.
Compared to 10, the present invention substantially reduces the height 416 of the extensible element 406. The present invention shown in FIG.
Compared to the prior art in the figures and FIG. 3, the structure of the second element 406 of the present invention provides the same or lower height 416 while achieving a higher height 417 at the point where the current maximum occurs.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, first element 404 comprises a helical element. First element 404 generally represents an impedance converter that converts the impedance of circuit 408 to the driving point impedance of second element 406 to provide impedance matching. First element 404 provides a connectorless interconnection similar to that shown in prior art FIGS. 1 and 2, but differs from the connector configuration shown in FIG. The contactless connectorless configuration of the present invention is an improvement over the prior art connector system shown in FIG. 3 in that the problem of contact fouling and wear is eliminated.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first element 404 has at least one frequency substantially near a frequency band.
It consists of an electrical length determined by odd multiples of quarter wavelengths. In particular, this electrical length is a quarter wavelength.
FIG. 5 illustrates a portion 406 of an antenna configuration 402 in accordance with the present invention.
Shows the antenna configuration 402 of the wireless communication device 400, housed within the wireless communication device 400.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first element 404 is wound in a first direction (represented by a helical arrow 405) with respect to the forming direction 501 and the helical of the second portion 414 of the second element 406. The shape is wound in a second direction (represented by the arrow 415 on the helix) opposite to the first direction with respect to the forming direction 501. The helical shape is wound in opposite directions to reduce coupling between the first element 404 and the second portion 414 of the second element 406. Considering the physical dimensions of the antenna configuration 402 of the present invention, to achieve the desired impedance match,
Low coupling is required. However, other antenna configurations
Helical shapes wound in the same direction, taking into account other dimensional conditions, may be utilized and are within the scope of the present invention.
Such a first portion 412 of the first element 404 and the second element 406
Or the binding energy between the second portion 414 is known as mutual coupling. Mutual capacitive co
upling) is described in US Pat. No. 4,121,218, which is incorporated herein by reference. Mutual coupling includes both capacitive coupling and inductive coupling. When the helical shape is wound in the same direction, capacitive coupling is added to inductive coupling, creating a total interconnect that is greater than either capacitive or inductive coupling. When the helical shape is wound in the opposite direction, the inductive coupling is subtracted from the capacitive coupling and is less than the capacitive coupling, thus creating a total interconnect smaller than the total interconnect when the helical shape is wound in the same direction. .
The second portion 414 of the second element 406 is substantially electrically coupled to the first element 404 in the second position, so that the second portion 414 and the first element 404 are in the second position when the second element 406 is in the second position. , Forming the radiating portion of the antenna configuration 402. The advantage of such a structure is that when the second element 406 is in the second position, the antenna configuration 4
Without sacrificing the performance of 02, the height 503 of the first element 404 is
This is to be reduced as compared with the prior art shown in FIGS. The low height 503 of the first element 404 is important for the aesthetics of a small wireless communication device.
To provide adequate performance, the antenna provides a similar input impedance in both the first and second parts. This is achieved by appropriate selection of the dimensions of the straight section 412 and the spiral section 414.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, first portion 412 forms the first component of transmission line 505 and second portion 404 forms the radiating element of antenna configuration 402 when the second element is in the second position. The second component of the transmission line 505 includes a conductive portion 507 and a dielectric portion 509. The dielectric portion 509 is provided between the first component 412 of the transmission line 505 and the conductive portion 507. In the preferred embodiment, the transmission line 505 is formed as a coaxial transmission line, but other transmission line structures, such as striplines, microstrips, balanced transmission lines, etc., can be implemented in accordance with the present invention. In the preferred embodiment, conductive portion 507 is a metal tube, but conductive portion 507 may be a conductive surface within the housing of wireless communication device 400.
The transmission line 505 has an electrical length that is at least partially related to an electrical property of the dielectric portion 509, for example, a permittivity, and an electrical length of the conductive portion 507. These characteristics can be tuned to achieve the desired impedance match of the antenna configuration 402 based on dimensional requirements.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission line 505 comprises a reactive termination. In the preferred embodiment, the reactive terminal is an open circuit, but according to the present invention a short circuit or a lumped element
Can also be implemented. The impedance at the junction between the straight section 412 and the spiral section 414 for the conductive tube 507 is reduced so that a current maximum occurs. Multiple shapes of reactive terminals, straight sections 412 and tubes 5
This condition is achieved by the length of 07. 412,507,509
Is selected from the tolerance parameters at both the first position and the second position.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the antenna configuration 402 of FIGS. 5 and 6 according to the present invention. The schematic representation of the first element 404 and the schematic representation of the second element 406 represent the inductance, capacitance and resistance in these elements as is well known in the art. Capacitor 601 represents the capacitive coupling contribution to the total mutual coupling. The bidirectional arrow represented by reference numeral 603 between each element represents the inductive coupling contribution of the total interconnection of the antenna configuration. Dotted lines 605 and 607 represent the first element 404 and the second
Represents the phase of magnetic coupling with element 406. Capacitive coupling occurs between the unconnected ends of the spirals 404,414 in the first position,
Open end of spiral 404 and straight section 412 in second position
Between the open end of the Capacitive coupling is maximized by the high voltage present at these locations during operation. Inductive coupling occurs between the connecting ends of the spirals 404, 414 in the second position. Inductive coupling is maximized by the high currents present at these locations during operation.
The present invention is in the range of 150-900 MHz, with 9
Mainly used in antenna configurations operating at 00 MHz. The following description is a detailed description of an exemplary antenna configuration 402 according to the present invention. The preferred embodiment has a diameter of 7.0 mm, length
It has a spiral 404 of 9.0 mm and 4 turns. Spiral 414 has a length of 3
It is 3.3 mm, 4.6 mm in diameter and 10.75 turns. The straight line part is
The length is 64mm. The dielectric in the tube is Teflon with a dielectric constant of 2.1.
──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Anderson, Eric Albid 6030 Grayslake, Illinois, USA, Reward Court 1482 (72) Inventor Philips, James 60102, Illinois, United States Lake in the Hills, Lake・ Drive 19 (72) Inventor Kim, Gin 5646 North Central Avenue, 60646 Chicago, Illinois, United States 5615 (56) References JP-A-54-52450 (JP, A) JP-A-5-343907 (JP, A) JP-A-5-14040 (JP, A) JP-A-2-271701 (JP, A) 508868 (JP, A) Special Table Hei 8-503356 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H01Q 1/00-1/52 H01Q 5/00-11/20 JICST file (JOIS)
1. An antenna device adapted for use in a wireless communication device, comprising: a first element having a helical shape coupled to circuitry of the wireless communication device; and a first position relative to the first element. A second element movable between a first position and a second position, wherein the second element moves to the first position and the second element moves to the second position. And a second element that forms an electrical connection with the first element without direct contact with the second element.
2. The antenna device operates over one frequency band, wherein the first element is defined as an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength at at least one frequency substantially adjacent to the frequency band. 2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna device has an electrical length.
3. The antenna device operates over one frequency band, and the second element has an electrical length defined by an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength at at least one frequency in the frequency band. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein:
4. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the second element is movable along a vertical axis of the second element.
5. The wireless communication device of claim 2, wherein the second element extends substantially out of the wireless communication device at the first position and is housed within the wireless communication device at the second position. 5. The antenna device according to 4.
6. The second element comprises a first portion having a linear shape and a second portion having a helical shape, wherein the first portion is electrically coupled to the second portion. The antenna device according to claim 1.
7. The antenna device operates over one frequency band, and the first and second portions are both defined as an integral multiple of 1/2 wavelength at at least one frequency in the frequency band. 7. The antenna device according to claim 6, having an electrical length.
8. The first portion having a linear shape is provided with the second portion.
The second portion having a helical shape is capacitively coupled to the first element when the element moves to the first position, and is inductively coupled to the first element when the second element moves to the second position. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein the antenna device is coupled to the antenna device.
9. The helical shape of the first element is wound in a first direction with respect to a forming direction, and the helical shape of the second portion of the second element is opposite to the first direction with respect to the forming direction. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein the antenna device is wound in the second direction.
10. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the second element applies a first output impedance to the second element when the second element moves to the first position, and the second output element applies the first output impedance to the second element when the second element moves to the second position. An output impedance matching device for providing a second output impedance to the two elements, wherein an input impedance to the antenna device is substantially the same when the second element moves to the first position and the second position. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein:
JP50976295A 1993-09-20 1994-08-19 Antenna configuration for wireless communication devices Expired - Fee Related JP3335633B2 (en)
PCT/US1994/009444 WO1995008853A1 (en) 1993-09-20 1994-08-19 Antenna arrangement for a wireless communication device
JPH08503835A JPH08503835A (en) 1996-04-23
JP3335633B2 true JP3335633B2 (en) 2002-10-21
JP50976295A Expired - Fee Related JP3335633B2 (en) 1993-09-20 1994-08-19 Antenna configuration for wireless communication devices
FR2790153A1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-08-25 Cit Alcatel Antenna with improved binding efficiency
KR100291321B1 (en) 1999-03-26 2001-05-15 소호연 A transmitting and receiving antenna for animal training device
JP3347093B2 (en) * 1999-06-10 2002-11-20 埼玉日本電気株式会社 Portable wireless device and terminal matching switching method
DK168346B1 (en) * 1991-03-19 1994-03-14 Dancall Telecom As Antenna construction with extendable antenna element
JP2575549B2 (en) * 1991-05-07 1997-01-29 富士通株式会社 Antenna mounting structure for wireless terminal device
JP2574256Y2 (en) * 1993-02-19 1998-06-11 松下電器産業株式会社 Antenna device
DE69409853T2 (en) * 1993-02-25 1998-12-17 Nec Corp Antenna for a walkie-talkie
1994-08-19 CN CN94190701A patent/CN1055794C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
CA2148125C (en) 1998-12-08
JP3114605B2 (en) 2000-12-04 Surface mount antenna and communication device using the same
AT393762B (en) 1991-12-10 Uhf transmitter and / or received antenna