Source: https://www.sccourts.org/opinions/displayUnPubOpinion.cfm?caseNo=2010-UP-563
Timestamp: 2020-05-27 12:16:54
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2010-UP-563 - SCDHEC v. Windy Hill Orchard
Windy Hill Orchard and Cider Mill, Appellant.
Unpublished Opinion No. 2010-UP-563
Submitted November 4, 2010 – Filed December 23, 2010
David B. Sample, of Fort Mill, for Appellant.
Matthew Summers Penn, of Columbia, for Respondent.
PER CURIAM: Windy Hill Orchard and Cider Mill, Inc. (Windy Hill) appeals from the Administrative Law Court's (ALC) order that required it to cease all food preparation, service, and sales, arguing the ALC erred in (1) requiring Windy Hill to prove it fell within the permanent food stand exception that would exempt it from the requirement to have a retail food establishment permit; (2) finding doughnuts constituted a potentially hazardous food, thereby excluding Windy Hill from the permanent food stand exception; (3) finding the production of doughnuts at Windy Hill's orchard required more than minimal preparation, thereby excluding Windy Hill from the permanent food stand exception; (4) finding the one-time service of meatballs at a festival met the definition of a retail food establishment and did not fall within the permanent food stand exception; (5) finding Windy Hill violated Regulation 61-25 for a period of forty-eight days when there was no substantial evidence in the record to support such a finding; and (6) finding Windy Hill prepared and sold regulated foods on twenty-four separate days during 2008, and basing its fine for contempt on that number of days when there was no substantial evidence in the record to support the finding. We affirm as modified.
Windy Hill is an agrotourism business in York County, South Carolina. Windy Hill makes apple cider, apple butter, and cider doughnuts; provides educational tours of its apple orchard; and allows customers to pick apples for purchase, observe cider-making, and visit with farm animals. Windy Hill also operates a roadside market where it sells its cider, apple butter, and cider doughnuts, in addition to other items it prepares including popcorn, apple pies, fried apple pies, candy apples, pumpkin butter, strawberry butter, and drinks. During its annual Apple Harvest Festival in 2007, Windy Hill also prepared and served meatballs coated in its apple-butter barbeque sauce. Windy Hill's business is seasonal, and in 2007, it operated from August to Christmas.
Fred Gusmer, founder and chief executive officer of Windy Hill, testified he makes the apple cider doughnuts from a dry mix to which he adds water and apple cider, and mixes the ingredients in a large mixing bowl. He then pours the mixture into a doughnut hopper that cuts the doughnuts into the frying oil. After the doughnuts are cooked, the conveyor drops the doughnuts onto a carousel to cool. He said about half of the doughnuts are then dipped in cinnamon and sugar. Gusmer estimated they made about thirty-five dozen doughnuts per hour, six days a week. To make Windy Hill's apple butter meatballs, Gusmer testified he purchases pre-made, pre-cooked frozen meatballs. The meatballs are heated in a steam kettle with Windy Hill's apple-butter barbeque sauce, and transferred to a crock-pot to keep warm until they are served.
Although Windy Hill was preparing food at its facility, it did not have a retail food establishment permit as required by Regulation 61-25 for "any operation that prepares, packages, serves, processes, or otherwise provides food for human consumption, either on or off the premises, regardless of whether there is a charge for the food." 24A S.C. Code Ann. Regs. 61-25(A)(26) (Supp. 2009). In Fall 2005, Jerlyn Greulich, a South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) restaurant inspector, testified she stopped at Windy Hill because she smelled food cooking as she was driving past the business. She asked Gusmer what he was cooking and if she could see where he was cooking it. Gusmer declined her request, and she left without seeing the facility.
After speaking with her supervisor about Windy Hill, Greulich returned to the business on November 8, 2006 with her senior inspector. They asked to speak with the owner, but an employee told them he was busy, so they left a card with a message for Gusmer to call DHEC. Greulich again visited Windy Hill on May 17, 2007 to attend a meeting with Gusmer, an employee from the Department of Agriculture (DOA), and Ken Beaty, Greulich's supervisor. During the visit, Greulich was able to inspect the facility and left Gusmer with a list of things he needed to do to get his business permitted as a retail food establishment.
When Gruelich received complaints that Windy Hill was making and selling food, she contacted Beaty and Bill Phillips, the county supervisor for DHEC. Phillips told her he spoke to someone at Windy Hill who informed him all its food was prepackaged, so a permit was not required. Greulich contacted Beaty again on October 20, 2007, after receiving more complaints about Windy Hill, and Beaty observed employees cooking doughnuts when he visited the business. As a result, Beaty asked Greulich to write Windy Hill an official notice to stop cooking without a permit. Specifically, DHEC asserted Windy Hill was required to have a permit for making its cider doughnuts and meatballs. Greulich testified Gusmer and his wife refused to take or sign the notice.
Greulich returned to Windy Hill with Beaty on October 25, 2007, in response to another complaint. They again observed Windy Hill cooking doughnuts in violation of the first notice. As a result, Greulich wrote Gusmer a second official notice to stop making doughnuts without a permit, and the Gusmers again refused to sign the notice. The next day, Gusmer requested a meeting with DHEC to discuss the notices. Greulich testified Gusmer said "he hoped that [DHEC] could reduce the damages that [it] . . . were [sic] inflicting against his business which had been in operation since 1991," and Gusmer "tried to persuade us that he did not need a permit to sell his foods." Beaty testified he twice attempted to give Gusmer a letter explaining the requirement to obtain a permit, but Gusmer refused to take it. Greulich again observed Windy Hill making doughnuts on October 29 and 31, 2007. When Greulich and Beaty visited Windy Hill during its Apple Harvest Festival on October 20, 2007, they also observed Windy Hill serving meatballs.
Gusmer claimed Windy Hill qualified as a permanent food stand; therefore, it was not required to obtain a permit. Tamara Gordon, DHEC Chief Survey Officer,[1] testified a facility must meet two requirements to qualify as a permanent food stand: (1) minimal preparation of food, and (2) food that is non-potentially hazardous. She said popcorn, candied apples, french fries, and cotton candy are all minimal preparation food items. She explained:
There is no preparation to pop [a] corn kernel. You put it in grease and you fry it and you serve it immediately. You take [a] candied apple, you mix sugar and water, again, sugar and water is liking [sic] to grease, and is not potentially hazardous. You take an apple, put a stick in it, add coloring over here, no big deal, dip it in, put it aside. . . . The French fries, is [sic] from a bag frozen, you have [a] vat of grease, you take it and you dump it in the grease and you fry it, and you bring it up and you serve it immediately. The cotton candy is the same way. You pour sugar into a spinning machine and you stick a single-service item in there and you end up with [a] fluff ball of spun sugar.
When asked about Regulation 61-25, subpart 26(C)(12), Beaty explained DHEC permits facilities that make pretzels, but it does not regulate facilities that just warm the pretzels, like a stand at a ballgame. Greulich testified "minimal preparation" involved one bowl and one utensil. Gordon stated anything that requires cutting, mixing, or extensive equipment would not qualify as a minimal preparation food. As an example, she explained melting chocolate for a mold, and scooping ice cream do not qualify as minimal preparation foods and require a permit. Gordon and Beaty both testified the dry doughnut mix used by Gusmer contained egg and dairy products that when rehydrated would become a potentially hazardous food. Gordon stated DHEC has a policy that dry milk batter is a potentially hazardous product that must be temperature controlled. Gordon concluded Windy Hill's doughnuts do not qualify as a minimal-preparation food, and the doughnut mix is a potentially hazardous product; therefore, Windy Hill does not qualify as a permanent food stand and is required to have a permit. Gordon also mentioned Krispy Kreme Doughnuts has a DHEC permit.
DHEC issued an administrative order on November 2, 2007, requiring Windy Hill to cease food preparation and service, or obtain a permit to operate as a retail food establishment pursuant to South Carolina Regulation 61-25. The order also imposed a civil penalty of $5,000 and set penalties for future violations of the order at $1,000 per day. DHEC eventually determined Windy Hill owed $56,000 in civil penalties.
Gusmer wrote a letter to DHEC requesting a final review, which DHEC denied. Windy Hill filed a request for a contested case hearing before the ALC, challenging DHEC's November 2, 2007 order. After numerous continuances, a hearing was held on November 24, 2008. The ALC filed its order on January 13, 2009, finding "Windy Hill must cease all food service operations until it obtains a Reg. 61-25 permit from [DHEC], must pay a civil penalty to [DHEC] in the amount of [$24,000], and must pay a sanction to the [ALC] in the amount of [$12,000]."[2] This appeal followed.
The ALC presides over all hearings of contested DHEC permitting cases and, in such cases, serves as the fact-finder and is not restricted by the findings of the administrative agency. Terry v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 377 S.C. 569, 573, 660 S.E.2d 291, 293 (Ct. App. 2008); Marlboro Park Hosp. v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 358 S.C. 573, 577, 595 S.E.2d 851, 853 (Ct. App. 2004); see S.C. Code Ann. § 1-23-600(A) (Supp. 2009). This court's scope of review is set forth in section 1-23-610(B) of the South Carolina Code (Supp. 2009). That section provides:
The review of the administrative law judge's order must be confined to the record. The court may not substitute its judgment for the judgment of the administrative law judge as to the weight of the evidence on questions of fact. The court of appeals may affirm the decision or remand the case for further proceedings; or it may reverse or modify the decision if the substantive rights of the petitioner have been prejudiced because the finding, conclusion, or decision is:
Id.; see S.C. Coastal Conservation League v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 380 S.C. 349, 360, 669 S.E.2d 899, 904-05 (Ct. App. 2008) (finding this court's review of an ALC judge's order to be governed by S.C. Code Ann. § 1-23-610(C) (Supp. 2007)),rev'd on other grounds, Op. No. 26892 (S.C. Sup. Ct. filed Nov. 15, 2010) (Shearouse Adv. Sh. No. 46 at 12); Reliance Ins. Co. v. Smith, 327 S.C. 528, 535 n.6, 489 S.E.2d 674, 678 n.6 (Ct. App. 1997) (noting the standards of review established under S.C. Code Ann. §§ 1-23-380(A)(6) and 1-23-610(D) (Supp. 1996) are essentially identical, but declining to decide which section would apply to the case due to the similarities between the two sections).[3]
"Under our standard of review, we may not substitute our judgment for that of the [ALC] as to the weight of the evidence on questions of fact unless the [ALC's] findings are clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative and substantial evidence in the whole record." Comm'rs of Pub. Works v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 372 S.C. 351, 358, 641 S.E.2d 763, 766-67 (Ct. App. 2007). Substantial evidence is not a mere scintilla of evidence, but evidence which, considering the record as a whole, would allow reasonable minds to reach the conclusion the ALC reached. Leventis v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 340 S.C. 118, 130, 530 S.E.2d 643, 650 (Ct. App. 2000). "This Court, although not bound by the decision, will ordinarily defer to the opinion of a state agency as to the interpretation of a statute it is charged with the duty of enforcing." S.C. Coastal Conservation League, 380 S.C. at 362, 669 S.E.2d at 906. "The construction of a statute by the agency charged with its administration will be accorded the most respectful consideration and will not be overruled absent compelling reasons." Brown v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 348 S.C. 507, 515, 560 S.E.2d 410, 414 (2002) (quoting Dunton v. S.C. Bd. of Exam'rs in Optometry, 291 S.C. 221, 223, 353 S.E.2d 132, 133 (1987)).
I. Permanent Food Stand Exception
Windy Hill argues the ALC erred in requiring Windy Hill to prove it fell within the permanent food stand exception exempting it from the requirement of a retail food establishment permit. We disagree.
Section 44-1-140(2) of the South Carolina Code grants DHEC the authority to make, adopt, promulgate, and enforce reasonable rules and regulations concerning the sanitation of restaurants, cafes, hot dog and hamburger stands, and "all other places or establishments providing eating or drinking facilities." S.C. Code Ann. § 44-1-140(2) (2002). Pursuant to its authority granted by the statute, DHEC adopted Regulation 61-25. 24A S.C. Code Ann. Regs. 61-25 (Supp. 2009). Regulation 61-25 applies to retail food establishments and defines a retail food establishment in Chapter I as: "any operation that prepares, packages, serves, processes, or otherwise provides food for human consumption, either on or off the premises, regardless of whether there is a charge for the food." 24A S.C. Code Ann. Regs. 61-25(A)(26) (Supp. 2009). Chapter XIV(A) of Regulation 61-25 provides that "[n]o person shall operate a retail food establishment who does not have a permit issued by the health authority." However, Regulation 61-25(A)(26)(c) lists eighteen establishments that do not qualify as a retail food establishment. Windy Hill claimed it qualified under the "permanent food stand exception." Subsection (c)(12) states permanent food stands "serve nonpotentially hazardous food which requires minimal or no preparation including pretzels, popcorn, sno-cones, cotton candy, candy apples, french fries, soft drinks, draft beer, and similar food." 24A S.C. Code Ann. Regs. 61-25(A)(26)(c)(12) (Supp. 2009).
During the administrative hearing, Judge Kittrell stated, "in an enforcement action, the burden is on [DHEC] and they have to establish a prima facie case and then the burden can shift over to [Windy Hill]. That's the way these matters have been determined and it's been outlined by decisional law in this State that way." Gordon testified the burden was on Windy Hill to prove to DHEC that its food qualifies under the exception. Windy Hill correctly asserts that under Administrative Law Court Rule 29(B), DHEC bore the burden of proof to establish Windy Hill met the definition of a retail food establishment because it sought a civil penalty against Windy Hill. Rule 29(B), SCALC. However, Windy Hill also asserts DHEC had to prove Windy Hill did not fall within the permanent food stand exception, which would exempt it from the requirement of a retail food establishment permit.
Windy Hill relies on State v. Solomon, 245 S.C. 550, 141 S.E.2d 818 (1965), in support of its assertion that the party relying on a statute is required to prove the opposing party's conduct does not fall within the exception. In Solomon, the court determined that if the exception does not form a part of the description of the offense, then it is a defense. Id. at 564, 141 S.E.2d at 826. Therefore, the court held that after the State had made its prima face case that Solomon had violated the statute, the burden of proof shifted to Solomon to prove his work came within the exceptions of the statute. Id. at 575-76, 141 S.E.2d at 832 (mentioning Charleston Oil Co. v. Poulnot, 143 S.C. 283, 296, 141 S.E. 454, 458 (1928) (discussing that a seller charged with the violation of the statute bears the burden of showing the necessity of selling those articles on Sunday)); see also State v. Attardo, 263 S.C. 546, 552, 211 S.E.2d 868, 871 (1975) ("It is also well established in case law that when the State has made out a prima facie case under a statute and the defendant claims to fall within an 'exception' or 'proviso' in the statute the burden is on the defendant to establish such a defense."); cf. TNS Mills, Inc. v. S.C. Dep't of Revenue, 331 S.C. 611, 618, 503 S.E.2d 471, 475 (1998) ("The burden is on claimants to prove their rights to an exemption by bringing themselves clearly within the conditions imposed by the statute."). Although Solomon is a criminal case, we find its holding is also applicable in this case to determine the burdens of proof under Regulation 61-25.
Therefore, DHEC met its burden of proof by establishing Windy Hill met the definition of a retail food establishment because it prepared, packaged, served, processed, or otherwise provided food without a permit. It was then Windy Hill's burden to rebut DHEC's determination that Windy Hill was a retail food establishment by establishing it qualifies under the permanent food stand exception. In response to Windy Hill's assertion, DHEC further presented evidence that Windy Hill did not fall within the exception because it prepared potentially hazardous food that required more than minimal preparation. Thus, we find the ALC did not err in finding the burden was on DHEC to establish a prima facie case, and the burden shifted to Windy Hill to prove it fell within the permanent food stand exception.
II. Potentially Hazardous Food
Windy Hill argues the ALC erred in finding its doughnuts constituted a potentially hazardous food thereby excluding Windy Hill from the permanent food stand exception. We disagree.
Windy Hill asserts DHEC failed to produce any credible evidence that its doughnuts were a potentially hazardous food. Windy Hill also asserts determining doughnuts are a potentially hazardous food requires the court to go beyond the plain meaning of the regulation, and "[u]nder the 'plain meaning rule,' it is not the court's place to change the meaning of a clear and unambiguous statute." S.C. Coastal Conservation League v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 380 S.C. 349, 367, 669 S.E.2d 899, 908 (Ct. App. 2008), rev'd on other grounds, Op. No. 26892 (S.C. Sup. Ct. filed Nov. 15, 2010) (Shearouse Adv. Sh. No. 46 at 12).
This court will not substitute its judgment for that of the ALC as to the weight of the evidence on questions of fact unless the ALC’s findings are clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence in the record. Comm'rs of Pub. Works v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 372 S.C. 351, 358, 641 S.E.2d 763, 766-67 (Ct. App. 2007). Further, this court accords the most respectful consideration of the construction of a statute by the agency charged with its administration and will not overrule it absent compelling reasons. Brown v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 348 S.C. 507, 515, 560 S.E.2d 410, 414 (2002) (quoting Dunton v. S.C. Bd. of Exam'rs in Optometry, 291 S.C. 221, 223, 353 S.E.2d 132, 133 (1987)).
Gordon, whose job involves writing policies and interpreting regulations, and Beaty both testified the dry doughnut mix used by Windy Hill contained egg and dairy products that would become a potentially hazardous food when rehydrated. Gordon stated DHEC has a policy that dry milk batters are considered a potentially hazardous product that has to be temperature controlled. Therefore, we find the evidence supports the ALC's finding that Windy Hill's doughnuts constitute a potentially hazardous food, which excludes Windy Hill from the permanent food stand exception.
III. Minimal Preparation
Windy Hill argues the ALC erred in finding the production of doughnuts at Windy Hill's orchard required more than minimal preparation thereby excluding Windy Hill from the permanent food stand exception. We disagree.
Windy Hill asserts DHEC failed to produce any evidence that its doughnuts did not meet the minimal or no preparation requirement of the permanent food stand exception. Windy Hill argues again that determining whether a food meets the minimal-preparation prong of the permanent food stand exception requires the court to go beyond the plain meaning of the regulation. It claims the plain and obvious interpretation of the regulation is that whatever goes into making a pretzel, candy apple, french fries, and the other listed foods, constitutes minimal or no preparation, and there is no reason for the court to read into the regulation an additional element that only prepackaged frozen food fits into the exception for a permanent food stand.
Again, this court will not substitute our judgment for that of the ALC as to the weight of the evidence on questions of fact unless the ALC’s findings are clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence in the record. Comm'rs of Pub. Works, 372 S.C. at 358, 641 S.E.2d at 766-67. Also, this court accords the most respectful consideration of the construction of a statute by the agency charged with its administration and will not overrule it absent compelling reasons. Brown, 348 S.C. at 515, 560 S.E.2d at 414.
Gordon testified popcorn, candied apples, french fries, and cotton candy are all minimal preparation food items because they do not involve any, or very limited preparation. She stated anything that requires cutting, mixing, or extensive equipment would not qualify as a minimal-preparation food. For example, she explained melting chocolate for a mold, and scooping ice cream do not qualify as minimal preparation foods and require a permit. Greulich testified minimal preparation uses one bowl and one utensil. Beaty explained that DHEC permits facilities that make pretzels, but it does not regulate facilities that just warm the pretzels, like a stand at a ballgame. Gordon mentioned Krispy Kreme Doughnuts has a DHEC permit.
Gusmer testified he made the apple cider doughnuts from a dry mix to which he added water and apple cider, and mixed the ingredients in a large mixing bowl. He then poured the mixture into a doughnut hopper, which cut the doughnuts into the frying oil, and the conveyor dropped the doughnuts onto a carousel to cool after the doughnuts were cooked. Additionally, he dipped half of the doughnuts in cinnamon and sugar. Thus, we find the evidence supports the ALC's finding the production of doughnuts at Windy Hill's orchard required more than minimal preparation, which excluded Windy Hill from the permanent food stand exception.
IV. Retail Food Establishment
Windy Hill argues the ALC erred in finding the one-time service of meatballs at a festival met the definition of a retail food establishment and did not fall within the permanent food stand exception. We disagree.
Windy Hill asserts it only served meatballs on one day and that day was prior to DHEC's cease and desist order. Windy Hill essentially argues the meatballs, which are a regulated food, are not subject to the regulation because they made them for one day only. It raises this argument for the first time on appeal; therefore, it is not preserved for our review. Brown v. S.C. Dep't of Health & Envtl. Control, 348 S.C. 507, 519, 560 S.E.2d 410, 417 (2002) ("Issues not raised to and ruled upon by the ALJ are not preserved for appellate consideration.").
Windy Hill also asserts DHEC failed to produce any evidence that its meatballs were a potentially hazardous food or required more than minimal preparation. Gordon testified anything that requires mixing or extensive equipment would not qualify as a minimal preparation food, and Greulich testified that minimal preparation involved one bowl and one utensil. As a result, Windy Hill's meatballs would not qualify as a minimal-preparation food because Gusmer testified he purchased pre-made, pre-cooked frozen meatballs, which he heated in a steam kettle with apple-butter barbeque sauce, and transferred to a crock-pot to keep warm until they were served. Therefore, we find the evidence supports the ALC's finding the production of meatballs at Windy Hill's orchard required more than minimal preparation.
V. Forty-Eight Day Violation
Windy Hill argues the ALC erred in finding Windy Hill violated Regulation 61-25 for a period of forty-eight days when there was no substantial evidence in the record to support such a finding, and the court improperly shifted the burden to Windy Hill to show it did not serve foods that allegedly violated the regulation on that number of days. We disagree.
Windy Hill asserts the ALC improperly shifted the burden to Windy Hill to prove the number of days it served the foods that violated the regulation by adopting DHEC's position that the fines accrued daily without further inspections to verify the violation was continuing, unless it notified DHEC it was no longer in violation.
On January 7, 2008, DHEC determined Windy Hill had been in operation in 2007 for a total of fifty-six days, and at a fine of $1,000 per day, DHEC calculated the total penalty was $56,000. Gusmer testified Windy Hill was open in 2007 from August to December, Monday through Saturday, with the exception of closing for rain or personal business. He replied in the negative when asked if it was possible for him to have been open more than fifty days in 2007. Gusmer also testified some of the days he sold doughnuts that were made off-site, and he estimated he sold the pre-made doughnuts for forty-five days.
Judge Kittrell reduced DHEC's civil penalty from $56,000 to $24,000 because Gusmer testified Windy Hill was only open six days a week from October 27, 2007 to December 22, 2007. Judge Kittrell determined there were fifty-six days between October 27 to December 22; subtracted the eight Sundays between the dates Windy Hill opened and closed; and reduced the per-day penalty amount from $1,000 to $500. Although Judge Kittrell already reduced the penalty by $32,000, Gusmer testified he sold pre-made doughnuts for forty-five of the forty-eight days Windy Hill was open in 2007. Thus, the evidence presented is that Windy Hill was only in violation of the regulation for three days, which would result in a $1,500 fine. Therefore, we reduce Windy Hill's civil penalty to $1,500.
VI. Fine for Contempt
Windy Hill argues the ALC erred in finding Windy Hill prepared and sold regulated foods on twenty-four separate days during 2008 and basing its fine for contempt on that number of days when there was no substantial evidence in the record to support this finding. We disagree.
Windy Hill asserts there is no substantial evidence in the record as to how many days Windy Hill violated the August 11, 2008 order that lifted the automatic stay of the DHEC order to cease and desist making food without a permit. Windy Hill maintains only seventeen days passed from the date Windy Hill opened, August 23, 2008, and September 8, 2008, when Windy Hill notified DHEC it had stopped making the doughnuts. Further, Gusmer claims that normally Windy Hill is closed on Sundays. Windy Hill does not dispute it made doughnuts in violation of the order; therefore, the ALC did not err in finding Windy Hill in contempt of court. However, as Windy Hill asserts, there were only fourteen days between August 23 and September 8 that Windy Hill would have been open for business. Therefore, we find Windy Hill should only be sanctioned for the fourteen days it operated in violation of the order. Judge Kittrell assessed a $500 per-day sanction for twenty-four days, for a total of $12,000. Had Judge Kittrell only sanctioned Windy Hill for fourteen days, the total sanction would be $7,000. Therefore, we reduce Windy Hill's sanction to $7,000.
Accordingly, we affirm the ALC's order with reductions in the penalties and sanctions against Windy Hill.
[1] Gordon testified that in addition to conducting audits of the regional inspectors, she also assists the Director of DHEC's Division of Food Protection in writing policies and interpreting regulations that are implemented statewide.
[2] Judge Kittrell reduced DHEC's civil penalty from $56,000 to $24,000.
[3] These sections can now be found in S.C. Code Ann. §§ 1-23-380(5) and 1-23-610(B) (Supp. 2009).