Source: https://www.docketalarm.com/trademarks/79242950/CAS_TOKEN/2018-12-06/Offc_Action_Outgoing/
Timestamp: 2019-10-15 07:22:00
Document Index: 499659164

Matched Legal Cases: ['§1141', '§1062', '§2', '§711', '§1052', '§1207', '§1052', '§1207', '§1207', '§1207', '§1207', '§1207', '§1056', '§1213', '§2', '§814', '§814', '§2', '§803', '§2', '§803', '§2', '§803', '§2', '§803', '§2', '§803', '§803', '§803', '§1402', '§2', '§2', '§1402', '§1402', '§2', '§1401', '§2', '§1401', '§1402', '§705', '§2', '§304', '§2', '§712', '§2', '§611', '§2', '§602', '§2', '§611', '§2', '§611', '§11', '§602', '§610', '§1051', '§2']

CAS TOKEN, 79242950, Offc Action Outgoing (Trademark Pros. Hist. Dec. 6, 2018)
`SERIAL NO. 79242950
`MARK: CAS TOKEN
` PATENDIBÜROO
`TURVAJA OÜ
` Liivalaia 22
` EE-10118 Tallinn
` ESTONIA
`APPLICANT: Cashaa
`Holding OÜ
`*79242950*
`INTERNATIONAL REGISTRATION NO. 1428236
`STRICT DEADLINE TO RESPOND TO THIS NOTIFICATION: TO AVOID ABANDONMENT OF THE REQUEST FOR
`In addition to the Mailing Date appearing on the WIPO cover letter, a holder (hereafter “applicant”) may confirm this Mailing Date using the
`USPTO’s Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) system at http://tsdr.uspto.gov/. To do so, enter the U.S. application serial number
`for this application and then select “Documents.” The Mailing Date used to calculate the response deadline for this provisional full refusal is the
`“Create/Mail Date” of the “IB-1rst Refusal Note.”
`This is a PROVISIONAL FULL REFUSAL of the request for extension of protection of the mark in the above-referenced U.S. application.
`See 15 U.S.C. §1141h(c). See below in this notification (hereafter “Office action”) for details regarding the provisional full refusal.
`the issues below. 15 U.S.C. §1062(b); 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(a), 2.65(a); TMEP §§711, 718.03.
`Explanation of Mark’s Significance Required
`Legal Entity & Citizenship Required
`Identification of Goods & Services
`Registration of the applied-for mark is refused because of a likelihood of confusion with the marks in U.S. Registration Nos. 5459655 &
`5257638. Trademark Act Section 2(d), 15 U.S.C. §1052(d); see TMEP §§1207.01 et seq. See the attached registrations.
`Applicant’s mark is CAS TOKEN for “Software for accessing secure electronic platform for providing electronic commerce services and
`facilitating financial affairs, in particular trading and arranging of virtual and digital currency” in Class 9 and “Financial affairs, in particular
`trading and arranging of virtual and digital currency; monetary affairs; financial brokerage services” in Class 36.
`Registrant’s marks are both TOKENCASH for the following, respectively:
`Class 9:
`Class 36:
`Software for use in transactions with retailers merchants and vendors via mobile devices used to process mobile payments;
`Computer programs and computer software for electronically trading securities; Computer software and firmware for operating
`system programs; Computer software and firmware for operating system programs; Computer software for communicating with
`users of hand-held computers; Computer software for creating searchable databases of information and data; Computer software
`for providing an on-line database in the field of transaction processing to upload transactional data, provide statistical analysis,
`and produce notifications and reports; Computer software for use in customer relationship management (CRM); Computer
`software that provides real-time, integrated business management intelligence by combining information from various databases
`and presenting it in an easy-to-understand user interface; Computer software, namely, electronic financial platform that
`accommodates multiple types of payment and debt transactions in an integrated mobile phone, PDA, and web based environment;
`Computer application software for mobile phones and computers, namely, software for mobile payments; Computer e-commerce
`software to allow users to perform electronic business transactions via a global computer network; Computer hardware and
`software system for tracking people, objects and pets using GPS data on a device on the tracked people, objects and pets;
`Computer operating software; Computer programs and computer software for electronically trading securities; Downloadable
`software in the nature of a mobile application for use in transactions with retailers merchants and vendors via mobile devices used
`to process secure mobile payments
`Financial services, namely, debt settlement; Financial services, namely, electronic remote check deposit services; Financial
`services, namely, funding online cash accounts from prepaid cash cards, bank accounts and credit card accounts; Financial
`services, namely, providing a virtual currency for use by members of an on-line community via a global computer network;
`Financial services, namely, providing electronic transfer of a virtual currency for use by members of an on-line community via a
`global computer network; Financial services, namely, providing on-line stored value accounts in an electronic environment;
`Financial affairs and monetary affairs, namely, financial information, management and analysis services; Financial counseling
`services, namely, helping others build a better working relationship with their money; Financial custody services, namely,
`maintaining possession of financial assets for others for financial management purposes; Financial transaction services, namely,
`providing secure commercial transactions and payment options using a mobile device at a point of sale; Broker-dealer financial
`services in the field of electronic funds transfer; providing installment payment plans for the purpose of debt consolidation;
`provision of credit through installment loans, mobile payments and electronic payments; Providing electronic wallets for use in
`financial transactions; Prepaid services, namely, issuing prepaid credit and debit cards; electronic and non-electronic credit and
`debit card payment processing services; Electronic financial trading services; Online banking services accessible by means of
`downloadable mobile applications; Providing financial information services to users engaged in online electronic funds transfer
`via mobile phones, and websites; Providing an internet website portal in the field of financial transaction and payment processing
`services; Provision and financial administration of a debit card savings program.
`Trademark Act Section 2(d) bars registration of an applied-for mark that is so similar to a registered mark that it is likely consumers would be
`confused, mistaken, or deceived as to the commercial source of the goods of the parties. See 15 U.S.C. §1052(d). Likelihood of confusion is
`determined on a case-by-case basis by applying the factors set forth in In re E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., 476 F.2d 1357, 1361, 177 USPQ
`563, 567 (C.C.P.A. 1973) (called the “ du Pont factors”). In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d 1315, 1322, 123 USPQ2d 1744, 1747 (Fed. Cir.
`2017). Only those factors that are “relevant and of record” need be considered. M2 Software, Inc. v. M2 Commc’ns, Inc. , 450 F.3d 1378,
`1382, 78 USPQ2d 1944, 1947 (Fed. Cir. 2006) (citing Shen Mfg. Co. v. Ritz Hotel Ltd., 393 F.3d 1238, 1241, 73 USPQ2d 1350, 1353
`(Fed. Cir. 2004)); see In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC , 126 USPQ2d 1742, 1744 (TTAB 2018).
`Although not all du Pont factors may be relevant, there are generally two key considerations in any likelihood of confusion analysis: (1) the
`similarities between the compared marks and (2) the relatedness of the compared goods. See In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d at 1322, 123
`USPQ2d at 1747 (quoting Herbko Int’l, Inc. v. Kappa Books, Inc. , 308 F.3d 1156, 1164-65, 64 USPQ2d 1375, 1380 (Fed. Cir. 2002));
`Federated Foods, Inc. v. Fort Howard Paper Co., 544 F.2d 1098, 1103, 192 USPQ 24, 29 (C.C.P.A. 1976) (“The fundamental inquiry mandated
`by [Section] 2(d) goes to the cumulative effect of differences in the essential characteristics of the goods [or services] and differences in the
`marks.”); TMEP §1207.01.
`Comparison of the Marks
`Clicquot Ponsardin Maison Fondee En 1772, 396 F.3d 1369, 1371, 73 USPQ2d 1689, 1691 (Fed. Cir. 2005)); TMEP §1207.01(b)-(b)(v).
`“Similarity in any one of these elements may be sufficient to find the marks confusingly similar.” In re Inn at St. John’s, LLC , 126 USPQ2d
`1742, 1746 (TTAB 2018) (citing In re Davia, 110 USPQ2d 1810, 1812 (TTAB 2014)); TMEP §1207.01(b).
`In this case, applicant’s mark is CAS TOKEN and registrant’s marks are TOKEN CASH. These marks contain almost identical transposed
`terms.
`Confusion is likely between two marks consisting of reverse combinations of the same elements if they convey the same meaning or create
`substantially similar commercial impressions. TMEP §1207.01(b)(vii); see, e.g., In re Wine Soc’y of Am. Inc. , 12 USPQ2d 1139, 1142 (TTAB
`1989) (holding THE WINE SOCIETY OF AMERICA and design for wine club membership services including the supplying of printed
`materials likely to be confused with AMERICAN WINE SOCIETY 1967 and design for newsletters, bulletins, and journals); In re Nationwide
`Indus. Inc., 6 USPQ2d 1882, 1884 (TTAB 1988) (holding RUST BUSTER for a rust-penetrating spray lubricant likely to be confused with
`BUST RUST for a penetrating oil).
`Therefore, the marks are confusingly similar.
`Comparison of the Goods & Services
`The compared goods and services need not be identical or even competitive to find a likelihood of confusion. See On-line Careline Inc. v. Am.
`Online Inc., 229 F.3d 1080, 1086, 56 USPQ2d 1471, 1475 (Fed. Cir. 2000); Recot, Inc. v. Becton, 214 F.3d 1322, 1329, 54 USPQ2d 1894, 1898
`(Fed. Cir. 2000); TMEP §1207.01(a)(i). They need only be “related in some manner and/or if the circumstances surrounding their marketing are
`such that they could give rise to the mistaken belief that [the goods and services] emanate from the same source.” Coach Servs., Inc. v. Triumph
`In this case, both applicant and registrant provide financial and currency transaction software in Class 9, and both provide financial and monetary
`services, particularly in the field of currency, in Class 36, as listed in full in the section above.
`Determining likelihood of confusion is based on the description of the goods and/or services stated in the application and registration at issue, not
`on extrinsic evidence of actual use. See In re Detroit Athletic Co., 903 F.3d 1297, 1307, 128 USPQ2d 1047, 1052 (Fed. Cir. 2018) (citing In re
`i.am.symbolic, llc, 866 F.3d 1315, 1325, 123 USPQ2d 1744, 1749 (Fed. Cir. 2017)).
`In this case, the application uses broad wording to describe its financial software and financial services, which presumably encompasses all goods
`and services of the type described, including registrant’s more narrow financial transaction software, and financial services in a variety of areas,
`including in the field of fund transfers and transfer of virtual currency. See, e.g., In re Solid State Design Inc., 125 USPQ2d 1409, 1412-15
`(TTAB 2018); Sw. Mgmt., Inc. v. Ocinomled, Ltd., 115 USPQ2d 1007, 1025 (TTAB 2015). Thus, applicant’s and registrant’s goods and
`services are legally identical. See, e.g., In re i.am.symbolic, llc, 127 USPQ2d 1627, 1629 (TTAB 2018) (citing Tuxedo Monopoly, Inc. v.Gen.
`Mills Fun Grp., Inc., 648 F.2d 1335, 1336, 209 USPQ 986, 988 (C.C.P.A. 1981); Inter IKEA Sys. B.V. v. Akea, LLC, 110 USPQ2d 1734, 1745
`(TTAB 2014); Baseball Am. Inc. v. Powerplay Sports Ltd., 71 USPQ2d 1844, 1847 n.9 (TTAB 2004)).
`Additionally, the goods and services of the parties have no restrictions as to nature, type, channels of trade, or classes of purchasers and are
`“presumed to travel in the same channels of trade to the same class of purchasers.” In re Viterra Inc., 671 F.3d 1358, 1362, 101 USPQ2d 1905,
`1908 (Fed. Cir. 2012) (quoting Hewlett-Packard Co. v. Packard Press, Inc., 281 F.3d 1261, 1268, 62 USPQ2d 1001, 1005 (Fed. Cir. 2002)).
`Thus, applicant’s and registrant’s goods and services are related.
`Considering all of the above, applicant’s mark is refused registration due to a likelihood of confusion with registrant’s mark under Section 2(d)
`of the Trademark Act.
`Although applicant’s mark has been refused registration, applicant may respond to the refusal by submitting evidence and arguments in support
`of registration. However, if applicant responds to the refusal, applicant must also respond to the requirements set forth below.
`Applicant must provide a disclaimer of the unregistrable part of the applied-for mark even though the mark as a whole appears to be registrable.
`See 15 U.S.C. §1056(a); TMEP §§1213, 1213.03(a). A disclaimer of an unregistrable part of a mark will not affect the mark’s appearance. See
`Schwarzkopf v. John H. Breck, Inc., 340 F.2d 978, 979-80, 144 USPQ 433, 433 (C.C.P.A. 1965).
`In this case, applicant must disclaim the wording “TOKEN” because it is not inherently distinctive. This unregistrable term at best is merely
`descriptive of an ingredient, quality, characteristic, function, feature, purpose, or use of applicant’s goods and services. See 15 U.S.C.
`The attached evidence from the dictionary shows this wording is commonly used in connection with similar goods and services to mean an
`electronic device or piece of software that serves as proof of identity of a user, so as to access a network. See
`https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=token. Third parties frequently use this to describe a digital asset, or interchangeably with
`the term “cryptocurrency.” See https://cryptocurrencyfacts.com/what-is-a-cryptocurrency-token/ (explaining the general definition of and
`different uses of the term “token” in the cryptocurrency industry). Thus, the wording merely describes applicant’s goods and services because
`applicant’s goods and services allow a user to gain access to a software platform for financial transactions, including those for trading and
`arranging digital and virtual currency.
`No claim is made to the exclusive right to use “TOKEN” apart from the mark as shown.
`To permit proper examination of the application, applicant must explain whether the letters in the mark “CAS” have any significance in the
`cryptocurrency trade or industry or as applied to applicant’s goods and services, or if such letters represent a “term of art” within applicant’s
`industry. See 37 C.F.R. §2.61(b); TMEP §814. Failure to comply with a request for information is grounds for refusing registration. In re
`Harley, 119 USPQ2d 1755, 1757-58 (TTAB 2016); TMEP §814.
`Applicant must specify its form of business or type of legal entity and its national citizenship or foreign country of organization or incorporation.
`See 37 C.F.R. §§2.32(a)(3)(i)-(ii), 7.25(a)-(b); TMEP §§803.03, 803.04, 1904.02(a). This information is required in all U.S. trademark
`applications, including those filed under Trademark Act Section 66(a) (also known as “requests for extension of protection of international
`registrations to the United States”). See 37 C.F.R. §§2.32(a)(3)(i)-(ii), 7.25(a)-(b); TMEP §§803.03, 803.04, 1904.02(a).
`Acceptable entity types include an individual, a partnership, a corporation, a joint venture, or the foreign equivalent. See 37 C.F.R.
`§2.32(a)(3)(i)-(ii); TMEP §§803.03 et seq.
`If applicant’s entity type is an individual, applicant must indicate his or her national citizenship for the record. See 37 C.F.R. §2.32(a)(3)(i);
`TMEP §803.04. If applicant’s entity type is a corporation, association, partnership, joint venture, or the foreign equivalent, applicant must set
`forth the foreign country under whose laws applicant is organized or incorporated. 37 C.F.R. §2.32(a)(3)(ii); TMEP §§803.03(b)-(c), 803.04.
`For an association, applicant must also specify whether the association is incorporated or unincorporated, unless the foreign country and the
`designation or description “association/associazione” appear in Appendix D of the Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure (TMEP). TMEP
`§803.03(c).
`If applicant is organized under the laws of a foreign province or geographical region, applicant should specify both the foreign province or
`geographical region and the foreign country in which the province or region is located. See TMEP §803.04. To provide this information online
`via the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) response form, applicant must (1) locate the “Entity Type” heading and select “Other;
`” (2) locate the “Specify Entity Type” heading and select “Other” under the Foreign Entity option, and enter in the free-text field below both
`applicant’s entity type and the foreign province or geographical region of its organization (e.g., partnership of Victoria); and (3) locate the “State
`or Country Where Legally Organized” heading and select the appropriate foreign country (e.g., Australia) under the Non-U.S. Entity option. See
`The identification of goods and services contains wording that is overly-broad and indefinite and must be amended. TMEP §1402.03(a); see 37
`C.F.R. §2.32(a)(6). The specific issues are set forth below.
`Class 9
`The wording is overly-broad and indefinite, and must be amended. Specifically, applicant must clarify the nature and type of goods further, such
`as that the software is a downloadable or recorded computer software platform for electronic commerce services. The suggested amendments are
`emphasized below.
`Class 36
`The wording throughout the identification of services is indefinite, and must be amended. Specifically, applicant must further clarify the type,
`nature, and function of the services. For example, the wording “financial brokerage services” could be amended to “financial brokerage
`services for cryptocurrency trading” in order to further clarify the function of the brokerage services. The suggested amendments are
`The applicant may adopt the following, if accurate:
`Computer software platforms, [specify, e.g., recorded, downloadable], for accessing secure electronic platform for providing
`electronic commerce services and facilitating financial affairs, in particular trading and arranging of virtual and digital currency
`Financial affairs, in particular providing and facilitating trading and arranging of virtual and digital currency for use by members
`of an on-line community via a global computer network; monetary affairs, namely, [specify services, e.g., financial information,
`management and analysis services]; financial brokerage services for cryptocurrency trading
`Applicant may amend the identification to clarify or limit the goods and services, but not to broaden or expand the goods and services beyond
`those in the original application or as acceptably amended. See 37 C.F.R. §2.71(a); TMEP §1402.06. Generally, any deleted goods and services
`may not later be reinserted. See TMEP §1402.07(e). Additionally, for applications filed under Trademark Act Section 66(a), the scope of the
`identification for purposes of permissible amendments is limited by the international class assigned by the International Bureau of the World
`Intellectual Property Organization (International Bureau); and the classification of goods and services may not be changed from that assigned by
`the International Bureau. 37 C.F.R. §2.85(d); TMEP §§1401.03(d), 1904.02(b). Further, in a multiple-class Section 66(a) application, classes
`may not be added or goods and services transferred from one existing class to another. 37 C.F.R. §2.85(d); TMEP §1401.03(d).
`Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual. See TMEP §1402.04.
`Please call or email the assigned trademark examining attorney with questions about this Office action. Although the trademark examining
`attorney cannot provide legal advice or statements about applicant’s rights, the trademark examining attorney can provide applicant with
`additional explanation about the refusal(s) and/or requirement(s) in this Office action. See TMEP §§705.02, 709.06. Although the USPTO does
`not accept emails as responses to Office actions, emails can be used for informal communications and will be included in the application record.
`See 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(c), 2.191; TMEP §§304.01-.02, 709.04-.05.
`For this application to proceed further, applicant must explicitly address each refusal and/or requirement in this Office action. For a refusal,
`applicant may provide written arguments and evidence against the refusal, and may have other response options if specified above. For a
`requirement, applicant should set forth the changes or statements. Please see “ Responding to Office Actions” and the informational video
`“Response to Office Action ” for more information and tips on responding.
`WHO IS PERMITTED TO RESPOND TO THIS PROVISIONAL FULL REFUSAL: Any response to this provisional refusal must be
`officer or general partner). 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(b), 2.193(e)(2)(ii); TMEP §712.01. If applicant hires a qualified U.S. attorney to respond on his or
`her behalf, then the attorney must sign the response. 37 C.F.R. §§2.193(e)(2)(i), 11.18(a); TMEP §§611.03(b), 712.01. Qualified U.S. attorneys
`include those in good standing with a bar of the highest court of any U.S. state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and other U.S.
`commonwealths or U.S. territories. See 37 C.F.R. §§2.17(a), 2.62(b), 11.1, 11.14(a); TMEP §§602, 712.01. Additionally, for all responses, the
`proper signatory must personally sign the document or personally enter his or her electronic signature on the electronic filing. See 37 C.F.R.
`§2.193(a); TMEP §§611.01(b), 611.02. The name of the signatory must also be printed or typed immediately below or adjacent to the signature,
`or identified elsewhere in the filing. 37 C.F.R. §2.193(d); TMEP §611.01(b).
`In general, foreign attorneys are not permitted to represent applicants before the USPTO (e.g., file written communications, authorize an
`amendment to an application, or submit legal arguments in response to a requirement or refusal). See 37 C.F.R. §11.14(c), (e); TMEP §§602.03-
`.03(b), 608.01.
`DESIGNATION OF DOMESTIC REPRESENTATIVE: The USPTO encourages applicants who do not reside in the United States to
`designate a domestic representative upon whom any notice or process may be served. TMEP §610; see 15 U.S.C. §§1051(e), 1141h(d); 37
`C.F.R. §2.24(a)(1)-(2). Such designations may be filed online at http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/teas/correspondence.jsp.
`Caile Reid
`/Caile Reid/
`Trademark Law Office 123
`(571) 270-0764
`caile.reid@uspto.gov
`Print: Dec 5, 2013
`37086743
`8T086T48
`ToKENCAeH
`5459655
`2018x05x01
`ALCARAE—ALvAREE, Jan ALEJANDRO INDIVIDUAL MEXICO Av. ACDEDDCTC 2100
`ll FLOOR zapopan MEXICO 45110
`G & 8:
`021 023 026 036 038.
`Software for use in transactions with retailers merchants and vendors
`via mobile devices used to process mobile payments; Computer programs
`and computer software for electronically trading securities; Computer
`software and firmware for operating system programs: Computer software
`and firmware for operating system programs; Computer software for
`communicating with users of hand—held computers; Computer software for
`creating searchable databases of information and data; Computer
`software for providing an on—line database in the field of transaction
`processing to upload transactional data, provide statistical analysis,
`and produce notifications and reports; Computer software for use in
`customer relationship management
`[CRM]; Computer software that
`provides real—time,
`integrated business management intelligence by
`combining information from various databases and presenting it in an
`easy—to—understand user interface; Computer software, namely,
`electronic financial platform that accommodates multiple types of
`payment and debt transactions in an integrated mobile phone, PDA, and
`web based environment; Computer application software for mobile phones
`and computers, namely, software for mobile payments: Computer
`e-commerce software to allow users to perform electronic business
`transactions via a global computer network; Computer hardware and
`software system for tracking people, objects and pets using GPS data
`on a device on the tracked people, objects and pecs; Computer
`operating software; Computer programs and computer software for
`electronically trading securities; Downloadable software in the nature
`of a mobile application for use in transactions with retailers
`merchants and vendors via mobile devices used to process secure mobile
`payments. First Use: ZOlfifllle. First Use In Commerce: ZUlfifllle.
`ZUlEHUEHZS
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`TOKENCASH
`Print: Dec 8, 2818
`87888883
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`JoSE ALEJANDRo INDIVIDUAL MEXICO Av. ACDEDDCTo 2100
`ALCARAE—ALvARES,
`G d 3: CLASS 36:
`Financial services, namely, debt settlement; Financial services,
`namely, electronic remote check deposit services; Financial services,
`namely,
`funding online cash accounts from prepaid cash cards, bank
`accounts and credit card accounts: Financial services, namely,
`providing a virtual currency for use by members of an on—line
`community via a global computer network; Financial services, namely,
`providing electronic transfer of a virtual currency for use by members
`of an on—line community via a global computer network; Financial
`services, namely, providing on—line stored value accounts in an
`electronic environment; Financial affairs and monetary affairs,
`namely, financial information, management and analysis services;
`Financial counseling services, namely, helping others build a better
`working relationship with their money; Financial custody services,
`namely, maintaining possession of financial assets for others for
`financial management purposes; Financial transaction services, namely,
`providing secure commercial transactions and payment options using a
`mobile device at a point of sale; Broker—dealer financial services in
`the field of electronic funds transfer; providing installment payment
`plans for the purpose of debt consolidation; provision of credit
`through installment loansIr mobile payments and electronic payments;
`Providing electronic wallets for use in financial transactions;
`Prepaid services, namely,
`issuing prepaid credit and debit cards;
`electronic and non—electronic credit and debit card payment processing
`services; Electronic financial trading services: Online banking
`services accessible by means of downloadable mobile applications;
`Providing financial information services to users engaged in online
`electronic funds transfer via mobile phones, and websites; Providing
`an internet website portal in the field of financial transaction and
`payment processing services; Provision and financial administration of
`a debit card savings program. First Use: ZOlfifllle. First Use In
`Commerce: ZOlfifllle.
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