Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US4563409?dq=6,370,566
Timestamp: 2016-08-25 10:29:19
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Patent US4563409 - Azo moiety containing metal complexes in toners - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA symmetric 2:1 metal complex represented by the general formula: ##STR1## where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms,...http://www.google.com/patents/US4563409?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4563409 - Azo moiety containing metal complexes in tonersAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4563409 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 06/668,323Publication dateJan 7, 1986Filing dateNov 5, 1984Priority dateNov 4, 1983Fee statusLapsedAlso published asDE3482119D1, EP0141377A2, EP0141377A3, EP0141377B1Publication number06668323, 668323, US 4563409 A, US 4563409A, US-A-4563409, US4563409 A, US4563409AInventorsNobuo Suzuki, Takeo Kurahashi, Katsuichi Motohashi, Genpei Sugiyama, Takayuki SakaiOriginal AssigneeHogohaya Chemical Co., Ltd.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (7), Referenced by (16), Classifications (13), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetAzo moiety containing metal complexes in toners
US 4563409 AAbstract
A symmetric 2:1 metal complex represented by the general formula: ##STR1## where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an aminocarbonyl group, an alklyaminocarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkylsulfonyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aminosulfonyl group, an acylamino group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, a nitro group, a cyano group or a halogen atom, m is an integer of from 1 to 4, when m is 2 or more, the plurality of R may be the same or different substituents, Q is --NHCO--Y--Z or --CONH--Y--Z (where Y is an alkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z is a quaternary ammonium group), M is a chromium atom or a cobalt atom, and X.sup.⊖ is an anion.
1. A symmetric 2:1 metal complex represented by the general formula: ##STR134## where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an aminocarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkylsulfonyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aminosulfonyl group, an acylamino group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, a nitro group, a cyano group or a halogen atom, m is an integer of from 1 to 4, when m is 2 or more, the plurality of R may be the same or different substituents, Q is --NHCO--Y--Z or --CONH--Y--Z (where Y is an alkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z is a quaternary ammonium group), M is a chromium atom or a cobalt atom, and X.sup.⊖ is an anion.
2. The metal complex according to claim 1, wherein X.sup.⊖ is a halogen ion.
3. An electrophotographic toner containing from 1 to 50% by weight of the metal complex of the formula I as defined in claim 1, and from 50 to 99% by weight of a resin.
4. The electrophotographic toner according to claim 3, wherein the resin is a styrene polymer, a substituted styrene polymer, a styrene-substituted styrene copolymer, a styrene-acrylate copolymer, a styrene-methacrylate copolymer, a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyethylene resin, a silicone resin, a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamide resin, an epoxy resin, a modified rosin or a phenol resin.
The present invention relates to a metal complex and an electrophotographic toner containing the metal complex.
In electrophotography, it is common to employ a method which comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductor made of e.g. a photoconductive material, then developing the latent image with a powder developer to form a visible image, and further fixing the image by heat or a solvent.
As the developer for such electrophotography, it is common to use a mixture comprising fine powder composed of a resin and a coloring agent, which is generally called a toner, and fine glass beads or iron powder, which is generally called a carrier.
The present invention relates to this developing powder called a toner and a novel metal complex useful for the toner.
A photoconductive layer can be positively or negatively charged, and a positively or negatively charged electrostatic latent image can be formed in the photoconductive layer by exposing it with an original overlaid thereon. When a negatively charged electrostatic latent image is developed with a positively charged toner, a positive-positive image corresponding to the original will be formed. However, when a positively charged electrostatic latent image is developed with a negatively charged toner, a negative image of the original, i.e. a positive-negative image, where the black and white tones are reversed, will be obtained. Thus, as electrophotographic toners, there are two types of toners, i.e. one being a positively charged toner and the other being a negatively charged toner.
The present invention relates to a positively chargeable toner.
In general, such a toner is fine powder obtained by mixing a coloring agent such as a dyestuff or a pigment, to a synthetic resin.
In order to positively charge the toner, the electrostatic characteristics of the dyestuff play an important role so that the dyestuff serves not only as a coloring agent but also as an electric charge-controlling agent.
As a positive charge-controlling agent, basic dyestuffs such as Nigrosine have been employed. However, the conventional dyestuffs such as Nigrosine have drawbacks such that there is a substantial variation in the electric chargeability among production lots, and when formed into a toner the durability of the toner for continuous repeated use for photocopying is not good.
The present inventors have conducted extensive researches to solve the above problems, and have found certain metal complexes having a positive charge-controlling ability and good compatibility with resins. It is thereby possible to obtain excellent toners free from the above-mentioned problems.
Namely, the present invention provides a symmetric 2:1 metal complex represented by the general formula: ##STR2## where R is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an acyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an aminocarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyl group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkylsulfonyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aminosulfonyl group, an acylamino group having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, a nitro group, a cyano group or a halogen atom, m is an integer of from 1 to 4, when m is 2 or more, the plurality of R may be the same or different substituents, Q is --NHCO--Y--Z or --CONH--Y--Z (where Y is an alkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z is a quaternary ammonium group), M is a chromium atom or a cobalt atom, and X.sup.⊖ is an anion.
The present invention also provides an electrophotographic toner containing the metal complex of the formula I as an electric charge-controlling agent or a coloring agent.
The metal complex of the formula I of the present invention may be prepared in good yield by diazotizing a diazo component represented by the general formula: ##STR3## where R and m are as defined above, by a conventional method, then coupling the resulting diazo compound with a coupling component represented by the general formula: ##STR4## where X.sup.⊖ and Q are as defined above, by a conventional method, to obtain a monoazo compound represented by the general formula: ##STR5## where R, m, X.sup.⊖ and Q are as defined above, and then heat-treating this monoazo compound with a chromium-introducing agent or a cobalt-introducing agent in water or in an organic solvent by a conventional method. As the diazo component of the formula II which may be used in the present invention, there may be mentioned, for instance, 3-chloro-2-aminophenol, 4-chloro-2-aminophenol, 4-bromo-2-aminophenol, 5-bromo-2-aminophenol, 4-iodo-2-aminophenol, 3,5-dichloro-2-aminophenol, 4,6-dichloro-2-aminophenol, 3,4,6-trichloro-2-aminophenol, 4-nitro-2-aminophenol, 5-nitro-2-aminophenol, 6-chloro-4-nitro-2-aminophenol, 4-chloro-5-nitro-2-aminophenol, 4-chloro-6-nitro-2-aminophenol, 6-bromo-4-nitro-2-aminophenol, 4-methyl-2-aminophenol, 4-t-butyl-2-aminophenol, 4-t-octyl-2-aminophenol, 4,5-dimethyl-2-aminophenol, 4-methoxy-2-aminophenol, 4-methyl-5-nitro-2-aminophenol, 4-bromo-5-methyl-2-aminophenol, 4-cyano-2-aminophenol, 4-acetyl-2-aminophenol, 4-methoxycarbonyl-2-aminophenol, 4-aminocarbonyl-2-aminophenol, 4-ethylaminocarbonyl-2-aminophenol, 4-aminosulfonyl-2-aminophenol and 4-propylsulfonyl-2-aminophenol.
As the coupling component of the formula III where Q is --NHCO--Y--Z, there may be mentioned N,N,N-trimethyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-N-[N'-(6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium chloride, N,N,N-triethyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium chloride, N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium iodide, N,N-dimethyl-N-n-butyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium bromide, N,N-dimethyl-N-n-butyl-N-[N'-(6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]propylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-N-[N'-(6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]propylammonium chloride, N,N-dimethyl-N-benzyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium chloride, N-methyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]propylpiperidinium bromide, N-methyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylmorpholinium chloride, N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylpyridinium chloride, and N-[N'-(6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylpyridinium chloride.
Further, as the coupling component of the formula III where Q is --CONH--Y--Z, there may be mentioned N,N,N-trimethyl-N-2-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)ethylammonium chloride, N,N,N-triethyl-N-2-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)ethylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylammonium bromide, N,N-dimethyl-N-ethyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylammonium chloride, N,N,N-trimethyl-N-4-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)butylammonium chloride, N,N-dibutyl-N-methyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylammonium chloride, N-methyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylpiperidinium bromide, N-methyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylmorpholinium chloride and N-2-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)ethylpyridinium chloride.
The metal complex of the formula I of the present invention thus obtained, has a positive chargeability and excellent compatibility with resins, for example, a polymer of styrene or a substituted styrene such as polystyrene or polyvinyl toluene, a styrene-substituted styrene copolymer, a styrene-acrylate copolymer, a styrene-methacrylate copolymer, a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyethylene, a silicone resin, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, an epoxy resin, a modified rosin or a phenol resin. Thus, the metal complex can uniformly be dispersed in such a resin and further pulverized into fine powder. Such a fine powder also has positive chargeability.
On the other hand, the metal complex of the present invention has little solubility in water, and scarcely affected by the environmental humidity, thus being capable of maintaining the positive chargeability for a long period of time.
In the formula I, X.sup.⊖ is preferably a halogen ion such as a chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine ion.
The toner of the present invention may be prepared by melt-mixing from 1 to 50% by weight of the metal complex of the formula I with 50 to 99% by weight of a synthetic resin, and after the solidification, pulverizing the solidified product by means of a ball mill or other pulverizer. Alternatively, it may be prepared by adding a polymerization initiator to a synthetic resin monomer, incorporating from 1 to 50%, by weight of the monomer, of the metal complex of the formula I thereto, and polymerizing the mixture is a suspended state in water. Other coloring agents or carbon black may also be incorporated. The toner thus obtained will provide an electric charge in a quantity suitable for the development of an electrostatic image due to the friction with the carrier, whereby the quantity of the electric charge can be maintained at a constant level during repeated development operations. The distribution of the electric charge is uniform and can be maintained in a stabilized condition for a long period of time. Accordingly, an image developed by means of this toner, is uniform and has a constant image density, and it is very sharp as compared with the image where a conventional positive toner is used.
14.4 Parts of 4-chloro-2-aminophenol was mixed with 26 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 400 parts of water, and the mixture was cooled with ice to a temperature of from 0� to 5� C. After an addition of 6.9 parts of sodium nitrite, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours for diazotization. The diazo compound thus obtained was subjected to a coupling reaction by pouring it into a solution of a mixture comprising 300 parts of water, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide and 29.3 parts of N,N,N-trimethyl-N-[N'-(7-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]methylammonium chloride at a temperature of from 0� to 5� C. Then, a monoazo compound having the following structure was isolated. ##STR6##
This monoazo compound was dissolved in 120 parts of ethylene glycol, and 17.4 parts of sodium chromium salicylate was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at a temperature of from 85� to 90� C. for a chromium-introducing reaction. Then, the mixture was cooled to 30� C., and hydrochloric acid was added to acidify the mixture to an acidity confirmed by Congo Red. Then, the product was isolated at room temperature, and dried under reduced pressure at 50� to 60� C. to obtain 45 parts of chromium complex of the following formula as a blackish blue fine powder: ##STR7## The wavelength at the maximum absorption by this chromium complex was 581 nm as measured in a dimethylformamide solvent.
The coupling component used in this Example was prepared by chloroacetylating 8-amino-2-naphthol in glacial acetic acid with chloroacetic acid chloride by using sodium acetate as an acid binding agent, to obtain 8-chloroacetylamino-2-naphthol, dissolving isolated 8-chloroacetylamino-2-naphthol in acetone, and then blowing gaseous trimethylamine into the solution.
53.8 Parts of a monoazo dyestuff represented by the formula: ##STR8## obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, was dissolved in 200 parts of methyl cellosolve, and after an addition of 18.2 parts of sodium chromium salicylate, the mixture was stirred at a temperature of from 100� to 105� C. for 2 hours for a chromium-introducing reaction. Then, the mixture was cooled to 20� C., and then treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 51.2 parts of a chromium complex of the following formula as a black powder: ##STR9##
The wavelength at the maximum absorption by this chromium complex was 594 nm as measured in a dimethylformamide solvent.
The coupling component used in this Example was readily prepared by heating 5-chloroacetylamino-2-naphthol in pyridine.
In the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, symmetric 2:1 metal complexes were obtained. The structures, the wavelengths at the maximum absorption (in dimethylformamide) and outer appearance are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________ Examples  Monoazo compound                ##STR10##     metalCentral                                   solventComplexing                                              (nm)absorptionmaximumat                                              theWavelength                                                     anceappear-Outer__________________________________________________________________________  ##STR11##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;               1             Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             576    Black powder4  ##STR12##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;               3             Cr   Dimethylformamide                                             583    Blackish purple                                                    powder5  ##STR13##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(C2 H5)3Cl.sup..c               rclbar.       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             592    Black powder6  ##STR14##                ##STR15##    Cr   Water      597    Blackish purple                                                    powder7  ##STR16##    B: C2 H4.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup..c               rclbar.       Co   Water      562    Black powder8  ##STR17##                ##STR18##    Cr   Methyl cellosolve                                             585    Black powder9  ##STR19##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Co   n-Butanol  560    Black powder10  ##STR20##                ##STR21##    Cr   Dimethyl sulfoxide                                             592    Black powder11  ##STR22##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Formamide Water                                             612    Black powder12  ##STR23##                ##STR24##    Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             587    Blackish purple                                                    powder13  ##STR25##                ##STR26##    Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             613    Black powder14  ##STR27##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Water Dimethylformamide                                             608    Black powder15  ##STR28##                ##STR29##    Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             589    Black powder16  ##STR30##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             590    Blackish purple                                                    powder17  ##STR31##                ##STR32##    Cr   Water      593    Blackish blue                                                    powder18  ##STR33##    B: C3 H6.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup..c               rclbar.       Co   Ethylene glycol                                             559    Blackish purple                                                    powder19  ##STR34##                ##STR35##    Cr   Methyl cellosolve                                             592    Black powder20  ##STR36##    B: CH2.sup. &#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup..crclbar               .             Cr   Diethylene glycol                                             588    Blackish blue                                                    powder21  ##STR37##                ##STR38##    Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             596    Blackish purple                                                    powder22  ##STR39##    B: C4 H8.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Br.sup..c               rclbar.       Cr   Methyl cellosolve                                             592    Black powder23  ##STR40##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Triethanolamine                                             582    Black powder24  ##STR41##                ##STR42##    Cr   n-Butanol  587    Blackish blue                                                    powder25  ##STR43##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3CH 3               SO4.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             594    Black powder26  ##STR44##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             593    Black powder27  ##STR45##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   n-Butanol  592    Black powder28  ##STR46##                ##STR47##    Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             586    Blackish purple                                                    powder29  ##STR48##                ##STR49##    Cr   Methyl cellosolve                                             590    Blackish blue                                                    powder30  ##STR50##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3I.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Methyl cellosolve                                             593    Black powder31  ##STR51##    B: C3 H6.sup.&#8853;N(CH3)3Cl.sup..c               rclbar.       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                             585    Black powder32  ##STR52##    B: CH2.sup.&#8853;N(C2 H5).sub.               3Br.sup.&#8854;                             Cr   Dimethylformamide                                             616    Black powder__________________________________________________________________________
15.4 Parts of 5-nitro-2-aminophenol was mixed with 26 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 250 parts of water, and the mixture was cooled with ice to a temperature of from 0� to 5� C. After an addition of 6.9 parts of sodium nitrite, the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1.5 hours for diazotization. The diazo compound thus obtained was subjected to a coupling reaction by pouring it into a solution comprising 400 parts of water, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide and 39.9 parts of N,N,N-trimethyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylammonium methylsulfate at a temperature of from 0� to 5� C. Then, a monoazo compound represented by the formula: ##STR53## was isolated. This monoazo compound was dissolved in 150 parts of methyl cellosolve, and 17.5 parts of sodium chromium salicylate was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at from 90� to 95� C. for 2 hours for a chromium-introducing reaction. Then, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25� C., and hydrochloric acid was added to acidify the mixture. Then, the product was isolated and dried under reduced pressure at a temperature of from 50� to 60� C. to obtain 56 parts of a chromium complex having the following formula as a blackish purple powder: ##STR54## The visible ray absorption spectrum of this chromium complex was measured in a dimethylformamide solvent, whereby the wavelength at the maximum absorption was 599 nm.
The coupling component used in this Example was obtained by reacting methyl 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoate with dimethylamino propylamine in toluene to obtain N,N-dimethyl-N-3-(3-hydroxy-2-naphthamido)propylamine, and converting the amide compound isolated by filtration, with dimethylsufuric acid in methanol, to a quaternary ammonium form. Further, the amide compound may also be readily prepared via 2-hydroxy-3-napthoic acid chloride.
62.8 Parts of a monoazo dyestuff of the formula: ##STR55## obtained in the same manner as in Example 33, was dissolved in 200 parts of dimethylformamide, and after an addition of 30.5 parts of chromium acetate (45% solution), the mixture was stirred at a temperature of from 100� to 105� C. for 3 hours for a chromium-introducing reaction. Then, the mixture was treated in the same manner as in Example 33 to obtain 54.3 parts of a chromium complex of the following formula as a blackish purple fine powder: ##STR56## The visible ray absorption spectrum of this chromium complex was measured in a dimethylformamide solvent, whereby the wavelength at the maximum absorption was 602 nm.
EXAMPLES 35 to 58
In the same manner as in Examples 33 and 34, metal complexes were prepared. The structures, the wavelengths at the maximum absorption and the outer appearances of these metal complexes are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________ Examples Monoazo compound               ##STR57##        metalCentral                                     Complexing solvent                                               (nm)absorptionmaximuma                                              t theWavelength                                                      anceappear-Oute                                                     r__________________________________________________________________________35 ##STR58##               ##STR59##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              595    Black powder36 ##STR60##               ##STR61##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              591    Blackish blue                                                     powder37 ##STR62##               ##STR63##       Cr   Dimethylformamide                                              601    Blackish purple                                                     owder38 ##STR64##               ##STR65##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              587    Black powder39 ##STR66##               ##STR67##       Cr   Water Ethylene                                              598col Blackish blue                                                     powder40 ##STR68##               ##STR69##       Co   Ethylene glycol                                              572    Blackish blue                                                     powder41 ##STR70##               ##STR71##       Cr   n-Butanol 587    Black powder42 ##STR72##               ##STR73##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              586    Black powder43 ##STR74##               ##STR75##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              593    Blackish blue                                                     powder44 ##STR76##               ##STR77##       Co   Methyl cellosolve                                              571    Blackish purple                                                     owder45 ##STR78##               ##STR79##       Cr   n-Butanol 590    Black powder46 ##STR80##               ##STR81##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              610    Black powder47 ##STR82##               ##STR83##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              587    Black powder48 ##STR84##               ##STR85##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              592    Blackish  blue                                                     powder49 ##STR86##               ##STR87##       Cr   Dimethylformamide                                              595    Blackish blue                                                     powder50 ##STR88##               ##STR89##       Co   Triethanolamine                                              568    Blackish purple                                                     owder51 ##STR90##               ##STR91##       Cr   Water     590    Black powder52 ##STR92##               ##STR93##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              598    Black powder53 ##STR94##               ##STR95##       Cr   Diethylene glycol                                              586    Blackish purple                                                     owder54 ##STR96##               ##STR97##       Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              593    Black powder55 ##STR98##               ##STR99##       Cr   Dimethylformamide                                              588    Black powder56 ##STR100##               ##STR101##      Cr   Water     592    Black powder57 ##STR102##               ##STR103##      Cr   Dimethylformamide                                              600    Black powder58 ##STR104##               ##STR105##      Cr   Ethylene glycol                                              594    Blackish blue                                                     powder__________________________________________________________________________
Now, the following Application Examples are given to illustrate the toners of the present invention.
To 5 parts of the chromium complex obtained in Example 1, 100 parts of a styrene-n-butyl methacrylate copolymer and 5 parts of carbon black were added and thoroughly mixed. Then, the mixture was kneaded while heating and melting it. After cooling, the mixture was roughly pulverized in a mixer, and then finely pulverized by a high speed centrifugal pulverizer to obtain a positively chargeable fine toner. The toner was mixed with iron powder having a particle size of from 100 to 150 μm in a weight ratio of 5:100, and the mixture was used for a commercially available copying machine employing a zinc oxide photosensitive material, whereby a clear image free from fogging was obtained. The quantity of the electric charge of the toner was 22 μc/g on an average as measured by a blow off method, and the electric charge distribution was substantially uniform at a level of from 22 to 23 μc/g.
In the same manner as in Application Example 1, toners containing metal complexes and having compositions as identified in Table 3 were prepared. The electric chargeability of these toners was measured. The results are also shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________                                                      Elec-Appli-                                                     triccation                                                     charge-Exam-    Composition of the developer                           abiltyples    Metal complex                         Other components (&#956;c/g)__________________________________________________________________________##STR106##                           Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate                                     copolymer Carbon black Iron                                     powder carrier                                                 20 parts 1 part 500                                                 parts                                                      18.3    0.2 part3##STR107##                           Phenol resin Polyester resin                                     Carbon black Iron powder                                     carrier     12 parts 9 parts                                                 1.5 parts 500                                                      16.8s    0.5 part4##STR108##                           Polyethylene wax Ethylene-vinyl                                     cetate copolymer Magnetite                                                 50 parts 40 parts                                                 50                                                      17.3s    1 part5##STR109##                           Styrene-ethylhexyl methacrylate                                     copolymer Polyester resin                                     Silicone wax Carbon black                                     Silicone resin-coated iron                                     powder carrier                                                 40 parts 5 parts 4                                                 parts 0.1 part 700                                                 parts                                                      10.3    0.1 part6##STR110##                           Styrene-acryl copolymer Carbon                                     black Glass beads                                                 20 parts 2 parts                                                 1000 parts                                                      15.4    0.2 part7##STR111##                           Styrene-ethyl methacrylate                                     copolymer Iron powder                                                 100 parts 2000                                                 parts                                                      13.2    5 parts8##STR112##                           Styrene-butadiene copolymer                                     Carbon black Iron powder                                     carrier     50 parts 5 parts                                                 1500 parts                                                      18.9    2 parts9##STR113##                           Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate                                     copolymer C.I. pigment blue-15                                     Iron powder carrier                                                 12 parts 0.1 part                                                 500                                                      17.4s    0.5 part10##STR114##                           Polyester resin Carbon black                                     Iron powder carrier                                                 50 parts 5 parts                                                 1500 parts                                                      12.1    1 part11##STR115##                           Styrene-methyl acrylate                                     copolymer C.I. pigment black 1                                     Iron powder carrier                                                 50 parts 3 parts                                                 1500 parts                                                      12.8    1 part12##STR116##                           Epoxy resin Carbon black Iron                                     powder carrier                                                 30 parts 3 parts                                                 1000 parts                                                      11.1    0.5 part13##STR117##                           Polyvinyl butyral resin Carbon                                     black Iron powder                                                 10 parts 1 part 250                                                 parts                                                      14.2    0.5 part__________________________________________________________________________
Appliction Example 14
To 1 part of a chromium complex represented by the formula: ##STR118## 100 parts of a styrene-n-butyl methacrylate copolymer and 8 parts of carbon black were added and thoroughly mixed. The mixture was then kneaded while heating and melting it. After cooling, the mixture was roughly pulverized in a mixer, and then finely pulverized by a high speed centrifugal pulverizer to obtain a positively chargeable fine toner. The toner was mixed with iron powder having a particle size of from 100 to 150 μm in a weight ratio of 5:100, and the mixture was used for a commercially available copying machine employing a zinc oxide photosensitive material, whereby a clear image free from fogging was obtained. The quantity of the electric charge of the toner was 17.5 μc/g on an average as measured by a blow off method, and the electric charge distribution was substantially uniform at a level of from 17.0 to 18.3 μc/g.
Application Examples 15 to 29
In the same manner as in Example 14, toners containing metal complexes and having compositions as identified in Table 4 were obtained. The electric chargeability of these toners were measured. The results are also shown in the Table 4.
TABLE 4__________________________________________________________________________                                                      Elec-Appli-                                                     triccation                                                     charge-Exam-    Composition of the developer                           abilityples    Metal complex                            Other components                                                      (&#956;c/g)__________________________________________________________________________15##STR119##                              Styrene-ethyl- hexyl metha-                                        crylate Polyester resin                                        Silicone wax Carbon black                                        Iron powder carrier                                                40 parts 5 parts 3                                                parts 2 parts 1000                                                parts 14.8    0.2 part16##STR120##                              Styrene-acryl copolymer                                        Carbon black Glass beads                                        carrier 30 parts 3 parts                                                1000                                                      18.9s    0.5 part17##STR121##                              Styrene-methyl methacrylate                                        copolymer Silicone resin-                                        coated iron powder                                                50 parts 1500                                                      16.3s    10 parts18##STR122##                              Polyvinyl butyral resin                                        Carbon black Iron powder                                        carrier 200 parts 10 parts                                                2000                                                      17.4s    2 parts19##STR123##                              Bisphenol type epoxy resin                                        Carbon black Iron powder                                        carrier 50 parts 2 parts                                                1000                                                      18.6s    0.5 part20##STR124##                              Styrene resin Carbon black                                        Iron powder carrier                                                50 parts 2 parts                                                1000                                                      14.0s    0.5 part21##STR125##                              Styrene-butyl methacrylate                                        copolymer Carbon black Iron                                        powder carrier                                                30 parts 2 parts 800                                                parts 15.0    0.2 part22##STR126##                              Phenol resin Polyester resin                                        arbon black  Silicon resin-                                        coated iron powder                                                15 parts 8 parts 2                                                parts 700                                                      21.3s    0.5 part23##STR127##                              Polyethylene wax Ethylene-                                        vinyl acetate copolymer                                        Magnetite                                                50 parts 40 parts 30                                                parts 18.5    1 part24##STR128##                              Styrene-ethyl- hexyl metha-                                        acrylate copolymer Carbon                                        black Ironpowder carrier                                                20 parts 1 part 600                                                parts 23.2    0.5 part25##STR129##                              Maleic acid resin Carbon                                        black Iron                                                50 parts 5 parts                                                1000                                                      16.4s    0.2 part26##STR130##                              Styrene-ethyl methacrylate                                        copolymer Carbon black Iron                                        powder carrier                                                30 parts 3 parts 500                                                parts 18.3    0.1 part27##STR131##                              Styrene-buta- diene co-                                        polymer Carbon black Iron                                        powder carrier                                                50 parts 5 parts                                                1500                                                      16.7s    1 part28##STR132##                              Polyester resin C.I. pigment                                        lue-15 Silicone resin-                                        coated iron powder                                                12 parts 0.2 part                                                400                                                      18.5s    0.4 part29##STR133##                              Styrene-butyl methacrylate                                        copolymer Carbon black Iron                                        powder carrier                                                100 parts 5 parts                                                300                                                      17.2s    2 parts__________________________________________________________________________
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3497493 *Oct 4, 1966Feb 24, 1970Durand & Huguenin AgWater-soluble cationic metal complexes of formazan dyestuffsUS4433040 *Dec 28, 1981Feb 21, 1984Hodogaya Chemical Company, Ltd.Electrophotographic toner containing a metal complex dyeCH367584A * Title not availableJPS4927229A * Title not availableJPS5267331A * Title not availableJPS57167033A * Title not availableJPS58208750A * Title not available* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4623606 *Jan 24, 1986Nov 18, 1986Xerox CorporationToner compositions with negative charge enhancing additivesUS4656112 *Sep 12, 1985Apr 7, 1987Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd.Toner for developing electrostatic latent imagesUS4681829 *Sep 2, 1986Jul 21, 1987Xerox CorporationSingle component red developer compositionsUS4824751 *Jul 30, 1987Apr 25, 1989Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki KaishaToners for electrophotographic process containing chromium complex saltsUS4868084 *Dec 1, 1987Sep 19, 1989Canon Kabushiki KaishaDeveloper for developing electrostatic latent image and image forming methodUS4921767 *Dec 21, 1988May 1, 1990Rca Licensing Corp.Method of electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen assembly for a cathode-ray-tubeUS4971881 *Jan 5, 1989Nov 20, 1990Monsanto CompanyToner composition comprising rosin modified styrene acrylic resinUS4985328 *Sep 21, 1989Jan 15, 1991Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.Dry toner, dry developer and process for forming electrophotographic imagesUS5283147 *May 27, 1992Feb 1, 1994Eastman Kodak CompanyElectrostatographic toner containing magenta pigmentUS5286592 *May 27, 1992Feb 15, 1994Eastman Kodak CompanyElectrostatographic toner containing cyan pigmentUS5292621 *May 27, 1992Mar 8, 1994Eastman Kodak CompanyElectrostatographic toner containing yellow pigmentUS6284422 *Apr 25, 2000Sep 4, 2001Sharp Kabushiki KaishaToner for developing electrostatic latent images and image-forming apparatusUS7879520 *Feb 1, 2011Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd.Toner for developing electrostatic image and image formation process using itUS8076465 *Oct 7, 2004Dec 13, 2011Orient Chemicals Industries, Lt.Method for manufacturing charge control agentUS20050084786 *Oct 7, 2004Apr 21, 2005Orient Chemical Ind., Ltd.Method for manufacturing charge control agentUS20070292779 *Jun 5, 2007Dec 20, 2007Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd.Toner for developing electrostatic image and image formation process using it* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification430/108.23, 534/615, 534/605, 534/613International ClassificationC09B45/14, G03G9/09, C09B44/02Cooperative ClassificationG03G9/091, C09B45/14, C09B44/02European ClassificationC09B45/14, G03G9/09D2, C09B44/02Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionOct 1, 1985ASAssignmentOwner name: HOGOGAYA CHEMICAL CO., LTD., 4-2, TORANOMON 1-CHOMFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:SUZUKI, NOBUO;KURAHASHI, TAKEO;MOTOHASHI, KATSUICHI;ANDOTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004463/0776Effective date: 19841012Owner name: HOGOGAYA CHEMICAL CO., LTD., JAPANFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SUZUKI, NOBUO;KURAHASHI, TAKEO;MOTOHASHI, KATSUICHI;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004463/0776Effective date: 19841012May 8, 1989FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Aug 10, 1993REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedJan 9, 1994LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesMar 22, 1994FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 19940109RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services