Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP6015189B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-10 22:29:46
Document Index: 507212141

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 80', 'art 302', 'art 401', 'art 402', 'art 403', 'art 404', 'art 405']

JP6015189B2 - Image inspection apparatus, image forming apparatus, image inspection method, and image forming system - Google Patents
Image inspection apparatus, image forming apparatus, image inspection method, and image forming system Download PDF
JP6015189B2
JP6015189B2 JP2012162680A JP2012162680A JP6015189B2 JP 6015189 B2 JP6015189 B2 JP 6015189B2 JP 2012162680 A JP2012162680 A JP 2012162680A JP 2012162680 A JP2012162680 A JP 2012162680A JP 6015189 B2 JP6015189 B2 JP 6015189B2
JP2012162680A
JP2013057661A (en
正 北井
仁美 岡島
寛美 石崎
小島　啓嗣
啓嗣 小島
恵一 宮本
川本　啓之
啓之 川本
2011-08-16 Priority to JP2011178080 priority Critical
2011-08-16 Priority to JP2011178080 priority
2012-07-23 Application filed by 株式会社リコー filed Critical 株式会社リコー
2012-07-23 Priority to JP2012162680A priority patent/JP6015189B2/en
2013-03-28 Publication of JP2013057661A publication Critical patent/JP2013057661A/en
2016-10-26 Publication of JP6015189B2 publication Critical patent/JP6015189B2/en
H04N2201/0001—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysis or monitoring not otherwise provided for
H04N2201/0003—Method used
H04N2201/0005—Method used using a reference pattern designed for the purpose, e.g. a test chart
The present invention relates to an image inspection apparatus, an image forming apparatus, an image inspection method, and an image forming system, and more particularly to alignment of an image when inspecting an image formed on a paper surface by the image forming apparatus.
Conventionally, inspection of printed matter has been performed manually, but in recent years, an apparatus for performing inspection has been used as post-processing of offset printing. In such an inspection apparatus, a master image serving as a reference is generated by manually selecting and reading a non-defective product from the read image of the printed matter, and a corresponding portion of the master image and the read image of the printed matter to be inspected. And the defect of the printed matter is discriminated by the degree of these differences.
However, plateless printing devices such as electrophotography, which have become popular in recent years, are good at printing a small number of parts, and there are many cases where the content of printing on each page is different, such as variable printing. In comparison, it is inefficient. In order to cope with this problem, it is conceivable to generate a master image from print data. Thereby, it can respond to variable printing.
When the processing of extracting the difference by comparing the images is realized by information processing, by comparing the position and size of the image to be inspected and the master image, the parts to be compared, that is, the parts where the pixels correspond to each other It is required to be a pixel. On the other hand, since the image to be inspected is an image generated by reading an image once formed on a paper surface by a scanner, the image processing output shrinkage, paper shrinkage, etc. Therefore, the size may be different from the master image. The same can occur due to skew at the time of image formation output.
For this reason, it is necessary to adjust the position and size of both images by performing correction processing such as enlargement / reduction / rotation on at least one of the image to be inspected and the master image based on some reference point. In order to perform this correction, a reference point is required. In the case of offset printing, a registration mark that serves as a mark for cutting can be used as a reference point. However, when a cut paper printer is used, since cutting is not premised, there is no reference point such as a registration mark used for offset printing. .
On the other hand, in a color printer, there is a method of using, as a reference point, a pattern (hereinafter referred to as a fixed pattern) that is a yellow dot pattern that is difficult to be recognized by the human eye and that is repeatedly superimposed on the front surface of paper during printing. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
However, since the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is based on the premise that a fixed pattern is added, it can be used only in a color printer and cannot be used in a monochrome printer. Even in a color printer, a fixed pattern may not be added in the case of monochrome output, and it cannot be similarly adopted. Furthermore, when the paper to be output has a color close to yellow, it is difficult to recognize the fixed pattern output on the paper surface, and this case cannot be adopted.
In addition, there is a method of generating a histogram in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction after performing binarization processing of an image, and performing alignment according to the histogram. However, when skew occurs in the image, the histogram method cannot be used.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in the inspection of an image by comparing an image obtained by reading an output result of image formation output with a master image, a skew occurs in the case of monochrome output or the image. It is an object to enable image alignment even in the case of being present.
In order to solve the above-described problem, an aspect of the present invention is an image inspection apparatus that inspects a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by the image forming apparatus. A test image generation unit that acquires an output target image for executing formation output and generates a test image for performing a test on the read image, and compares the generated test image with the read image The inspection image generation unit extracts a corner of the shape included in the generated inspection image, and extracts the corner from the inspection image and the read image. The image inspection unit extracts the corner of the shape included in the read image, and stores the extracted corner as the reference point. Set to use the image as a reference point for alignment of the read image, the read image of the reference point set for the location and the read image on the inspection image of a reference point set for the test image after the positioning between the read image and the test image based on the difference between the position of the above have lines tested by comparing the read image and the test image, the image generating said test The image inspection unit divides the processing target image into a plurality of regions when extracting the corners, extracts at least one corner for each region, and extracts the center of the processing target image from the extracted corners. An image inspection apparatus characterized in that a corner located farthest from the center is set as the reference point .
Another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image forming apparatus, an image forming unit to perform image formation and output, an image reading section for reading the image forming output image on paper, claims 1 to 4 The image inspection apparatus according to any one of the items is included.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image inspection method for inspecting a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by the image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus executes image formation output. To obtain an output target image, to generate an inspection image for inspecting the read image, store it in a storage medium, and extract and extract a corner of the shape included in the generated inspection image The corner is set as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image, stored in a storage medium, the read image is acquired, and the corner of the shape included in the read image is extracted and extracted The corner is set as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image, stored in a storage medium, and the base set for the inspection image is set. After the positioning between the read image and the test image based on the difference between the position on the read image of the reference point set for the location and the read image on the inspection image of the point, The inspection image and the read image are compared to perform inspection, and when extracting the corner, the image to be processed is divided into a plurality of regions, and at least one corner is extracted and extracted for each region. A corner that is farthest from the center of the image to be processed among the corners is set as the reference point .
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image forming system having an image inspection function for inspecting a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by the image forming apparatus. a reading device for generating the read image by reading an image forming output image on the paper, the comprises an image inspection device for inspecting the read image, the image inspection apparatus, the paper by the image forming apparatus An inspection image generation unit that acquires an output target image formed on the image and generates an inspection image for inspecting the read image, and compares the generated inspection image with the read image. The inspection image generation unit extracts a corner of a shape included in the generated inspection image, and the extracted corner A reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image is set and stored in a storage medium, and the image inspection unit extracts a corner of the shape included in the read image, and the extracted corner is A reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image is set, and the position of the reference point set for the inspection image on the inspection image and the reference point set for the read image are read. after the positioning between the read image and the test image based on the difference between the position in the image, have rows inspection by comparing the read image and the test image, the test image When generating the corner, the generation unit and the image inspection unit divide the image to be processed into a plurality of regions, and extract at least one corner for each region. Corner located farthest from the center of the image to be processed among the extracted corners and sets as the reference point.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image inspection apparatus that inspects a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by the image forming apparatus, and the image forming apparatus executes image formation output. To obtain an output target image to be generated, and to generate an inspection image for inspecting the read image, and to compare the generated inspection image with the read image for inspection The inspection image generation unit extracts a corner of the shape included in the generated inspection image, and when the output target image is a chromatic image, the image forming apparatus A pattern that is repeatedly superimposed on the entire output target image when executing image forming output based on the output target image is superimposed on the acquired output target image in the same manner as in the image forming apparatus. Generates a test image, whether or not to use the pattern as a reference point for alignment of the read image and the test image is determined based on the position of the image for superimposing said pattern in the previous year output target image The determination result is stored in a storage medium, and at least one of the extracted corner and the pattern determined to be usable as the reference point is used as a reference point for alignment in the inspection image. The image inspection unit sets and stores a point extracted from the read image based on a reference point for alignment in the inspection image stored in the storage medium. A reference point set for the inspection image, and the position of the reference point set for the inspection image on the inspection image and the reading After the alignment between the inspection image and the read image based on the difference between the reference point set for the image on the read image, the inspection image and the read image are compared. There line inspection Te, the test image generating unit and the image inspection unit, upon extraction of the corner, the image to be processed is divided into a plurality of regions, extracting at least one corner for each region of each, Of the extracted corners, a corner farthest from the center of the image to be processed is set as the reference point .
According to the present invention, in an image inspection by comparing an image obtained by reading an output result of an image formation output with a master image, even if the output is a monochrome output or the image is skewed, Positioning becomes possible.
1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an image forming system including an inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions of the test | inspection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a print engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the example of P pattern which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of superimposition of P pattern which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the production | generation operation | movement of the master image which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the P pattern availability table which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the reference point setting process which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the edge extraction filter used in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the aspect of edge extraction and corner extraction which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the corner extraction filter used in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the area division | segmentation aspect of the image of the process target which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the corner coordinate table which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the reference point selection result table which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the defect determination operation | movement which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the correction | amendment operation | movement of the master image which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the image forming system containing the test | inspection apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the image forming system containing the test | inspection apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a print engine and an engine controller that execute image formation output based on a binary image binarized by a DFE (Digital Front End) using a dither matrix, and the binary image is converted into a multi-value image In addition, an image forming system including a master image that is an inspection image for inspecting a print output and inspecting a print output result will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an image forming system according to the present embodiment. The image forming system according to the present embodiment is an image forming system for commercial printing, and includes a DFE 1, an engine controller 2, a print engine 3, and an inspection device 4 as shown in FIG. 1. The DFE 1 performs halftone processing on image data to be printed out based on the received print job, generates a binary image in which each pixel is represented by colored / colorless, and generates the generated binary image and halftone processing. The used dither matrix data is output to the print processing controller 2.
The engine controller 2 receives the binary image and the dither matrix from the DFE 1, controls the print engine 3 based on the binary image to execute image formation output, and inputs the binary image to the inspection apparatus 4. The print engine 3 executes image formation output based on the binary image under the control of the engine controller 2 and inputs image data generated by reading the output paper with a reading device to the inspection device 4.
The inspection device 4 converts the binary image input from the engine controller 2 into a multi-value image, and generates a master image for inspecting the output result of the print engine 3. The inspection device 4 is an image inspection device that inspects the output result by comparing the read image input from the print engine 3 with the generated master image. During this comparison process, the inspection apparatus 4 aligns the master image and the read image. The details of the alignment process are one of the gist according to the present embodiment.
Here, a hardware configuration constituting the functional blocks of the print engine 3 and the inspection apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the inspection apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 2, the hardware configuration of the inspection apparatus 4 is shown, but the same applies to the print engine 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the inspection apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as an information processing apparatus such as a general PC (Personal Computer) or a server. That is, the inspection apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 10, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 20, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 30, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 40, and an I / F 50. Connected through. Further, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 60, an operation unit 70, and a dedicated device 80 are connected to the I / F 50.
The CPU 10 is a calculation means and controls the operation of the entire inspection apparatus 4. The RAM 20 is a volatile storage medium capable of reading and writing information at high speed, and is used as a work area when the CPU 10 processes information. The ROM 30 is a read-only nonvolatile storage medium and stores a program such as firmware. The HDD 40 is a non-volatile storage medium that can read and write information, and stores an OS (Operating System), various control programs, application programs, and the like.
The I / F 50 connects and controls the bus 90 and various hardware and networks. The LCD 60 is a visual user interface for the user to check the state of the inspection apparatus 4. The operation unit 70 is a user interface such as a keyboard and a mouse for the user to input information to the inspection apparatus 4.
The dedicated device 80 is hardware for realizing a dedicated function in the print engine 3 and the inspection apparatus 4. In the case of the print engine 3, a plotter device that executes image formation output on a paper surface or a paper surface on the paper surface. This is a reading device that reads an output image. In the case of the inspection device 4, it is an arithmetic device that performs calculations for performing the above-described multi-value processing of binary images and image comparison processing. Such an arithmetic unit is configured as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), for example.
In such a hardware configuration, a program stored in a recording medium such as the ROM 30, the HDD 40, or an optical disk (not shown) is read into the RAM 20, and operates according to the control of the CPU 10, thereby configuring a software control unit. A functional block for realizing the functions of the print engine 3 and the inspection apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment is configured by a combination of the software control unit configured in this way and hardware.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing functional configurations of the print engine 3 and the inspection apparatus 4 according to the present embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the print engine 3 according to the present embodiment includes a print processing unit 301, a reading processing unit 302, and a P pattern generation unit 303. The inspection apparatus 4 includes a read image acquisition unit 401, a master image generation unit 402, a P pattern generation unit 403, an inspection control unit 404, and a comparison inspection unit 405.
The print processing unit 301 acquires a binary image input from the engine controller 2, executes image formation output on the print paper, and outputs printed paper. The print processing unit 301 is realized by a general image forming mechanism such as an ink jet type or an electrophotographic type. Note that the binary image according to the present embodiment will be described as a 600 dpi image represented by 1 bit (4 bits in total) of CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) for each pixel. The same image is also input from the engine controller 2 to the inspection device 4.
The reading device 302 reads an image formed on the paper surface of the printing paper output by printing performed by the print processing unit 301 and outputs the read data to the inspection device 4. The reading device 302 is, for example, a line scanner installed on a printing paper conveyance path output by the print processing unit 301, and reads an image formed on the paper surface by scanning the paper surface of the printing paper to be conveyed. . The P pattern generation unit 303 generates an image of a yellow pattern (hereinafter referred to as a P pattern) that is difficult to recognize by human eyes and inputs the image to the print processing unit 301. As a result, the P pattern is superimposed on the image to be output and output on the paper surface on which the image is output by the print processing unit 301. Hereinafter, the P pattern will be described.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing one unit of the P pattern according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the P pattern according to the present embodiment is a pattern expressed by 64 dots × 64 dots, and each circle shown in the figure is expressed by 2 dots × 2 dots. The P pattern is used for the purpose of specifying an apparatus that has executed image formation output on a sheet. Therefore, a pattern is formed as a P pattern based on a code that is different for each apparatus.
The black circles in the figure are marks for identifying the range of one unit pattern, and are formed regardless of the contents of the code. The white circles in the figure are marks for identifying the range of one unit pattern, like the black circles, and are not formed regardless of the contents of the code. The gray circles in the figure are marks formed as a pattern for specifying the device as described above, and black circles are formed according to the contents of the code. In FIG. 4, black circles are shown for ease of illustration, but as described above, the P pattern is a yellow pattern and is actually formed in yellow.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a part of a sheet on which a P pattern is formed in the present embodiment. Each gray square in FIG. 5 is a P pattern in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the P patterns according to the present embodiment are arranged in a staggered manner from the end of the print area. By detecting the P pattern formed in this way from both the read image and the master image and using it as a reference point, it is possible to align the read image and the master image.
However, it is difficult to recognize a pattern for a portion overlapping an image to be formed. In particular, in the case of an image whose background is a yellow color, the pattern cannot be recognized and the reference point as described above cannot be used. Similarly, when the paper on which the image is to be output is a yellow color, it is difficult to recognize the pattern, and the read image cannot be aligned with the master image. The gist of the present embodiment is to enable alignment of the read image and the master image in such a case. In FIG. 5, identification numbers are assigned to the respective P patterns such as “# 1, 1”, “# 1, 2”. This will be described in detail later.
Next, each configuration of the inspection apparatus 4 will be described. The read image acquisition unit 401 acquires image information generated by reading the surface of the printing paper by the reading device 302 in the print engine 3 and inputs the image information to the comparison inspection unit 405 as an image to be inspected. The master image generation unit 402 acquires the binary image input from the engine controller 2 as described above, and generates a master image that is an inspection image for comparison with the inspection target image. That is, the master image generation unit 402 functions as an inspection image generation unit. In the master image generation processing by the master image generation unit 402, in addition to generation of image information corresponding to the format of the read image generated by the reading device 302, a reference point for positioning the read image and the master image is set. Settings are made. This process is one of the gist according to the present embodiment.
The P pattern generation unit 403 has the same function as the P pattern generation unit 303 included in the print engine 3, generates a P pattern as shown in FIG. 4 and inputs it to the master image generation unit 402. As a result, the master image generation unit 402 can generate a master image in which a P pattern is superimposed on an output target image, as described with reference to FIG.
The inspection control unit 404 is a control unit that controls the operation of the entire inspection apparatus 4, and each component included in the inspection apparatus 4 operates according to the control of the inspection control unit 404. The comparison inspection unit 405 compares the read image input from the read image acquisition unit 401 with the master image generated by the master image generation unit 402, and determines whether or not the intended image formation output is being executed. It is an image inspection unit, and is configured by an ASIC as described above in order to quickly process a huge amount of calculation.
Next, a master image generation operation by the master image generation unit 402 will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a master image generation operation according to the present embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 6, when the master image generation unit 402 acquires a binary image from the engine controller 2, the master image generation unit 402 determines whether the acquired binary image is a color image, that is, a chromatic color image or a monochrome image (S601). )
In step S <b> 601, the master image generation unit 402 can determine whether the image is color or monochrome by referring to the image acquired from the engine controller 2. In addition, the engine controller 2 may output flag information indicating whether it is color or monochrome together with the binary image. In that case, the master image generation unit 402 performs the determination in S601 based on the flag information input from the engine controller 2.
If the result of determination in S601 is a color image (S601 / YES), the master image generation unit 402 recognizes that the P pattern is superimposed on the binary image acquired from the engine controller 2. Therefore, the master image generation unit 402 acquires the image information of the P pattern described in FIG. 4 from the P pattern generation unit 403, and combines the P image with the binary image as described in FIG. S602).
In S602, the master image generation unit 402 assigns an identification number to each unit of P pattern as shown in FIG. 5 as “# 1, 1”, “# 1, 2”. Then, in the image expressed by the CMYK binary acquired from the engine controller 2, in the K and Y planes, it is confirmed whether the area to which the P pattern corresponding to each identification number is assigned is blank. Then, based on the confirmation result, a table as shown in FIG. 7 (hereinafter referred to as a P pattern availability table) indicating whether or not the P pattern corresponding to each identification number is used as a reference point for alignment. Generate.
As shown in FIG. 7, the P pattern availability table according to the present embodiment includes a “pattern number” indicating each identification number shown in FIG. 5 and a “coordinate” indicating a position to which each pattern number is assigned. This is information associated with “usability” indicating whether or not the P pattern corresponding to the pattern number can be used as a reference point.
Note that the master image generation unit 402 determines that the image can be used when the area to which the P pattern corresponding to each identification number is provided in both the K and Y planes is blank. Further, as the “coordinates” in the P pattern availability table, for example, the coordinates of the upper left corner of each P pattern indicated by a square in FIG. 5, that is, the coordinates of the black circle at the upper left shown in FIG. Here, when the resolution is changed in the generation of the master image, this “coordinate” stores a value obtained by multiplication or division according to the change in the resolution. For example, when a 200 dpi master image is generated based on a binary image received at 600 dpi, a value obtained by dividing the original coordinate value by 3 is stored as “coordinate”.
When the processing of S602 ends, the master image generation unit 402 converts the CMYK binary, that is, the image of each pixel 1 bit into an image of each pixel 8 bits (S603), and converts the resolution of the 600 dpi image into 200 dpi (S604). ). If it is a monochrome image in the determination in S601 (S601 / NO), the process of S602 is omitted and the process proceeds to S603 and S604. In this case, in S603, processing for converting a monochrome binary 1-bit image into an 8-bit image is executed.
When the processing of S604 ends, the master image generation unit 402 converts the CMYK pixel 8-bit image into RGB (Red, Green, Blue) pixel 24-bit (S605). The process of S605 is executed as a process of converting an image of only the K component of CMYK into RGB when the image acquired from the engine controller 2 is a monochrome image. Through the processing of S603 to S605, the image input in the CMYK binary format is converted into a format corresponding to the read image generated by the reading device 302, and a master image is generated.
Thereafter, the master image generation unit 402 performs a reference point setting process for aligning the generated master image with the read image (S606). Details of the reference point setting process will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing details of the reference point setting process according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the master image generation unit 402 first generates an edge image based on the generated master image (S801).
In step S801, the master image generation unit 402 extracts a shape included in the generated master image, that is, an edge of the content of the master image, by applying a filter as illustrated in FIG. 9 to the master image (S802). ). The filter shown in FIG. 9 is called a Laplacian filter, and is a general filter for extracting an edge of an image based on a difference between adjacent pixels. When a filter as shown in FIG. 9 is applied to an image as shown in FIG. 10A, an edge is extracted as shown in FIG. In addition, the part shown by the oblique line in Fig.10 (a) is actually a solid coating part.
When the edge is extracted, the master image generation unit 402 next applies a filter as illustrated in FIGS. 11A to 11D to the edge image, so that the edge image generated as described above is applied to the edge image. Edge corners are extracted (S803). Similarly to the filter shown in FIG. 9, the filters shown in FIGS. 11A to 11D are filters for extracting corners of an image based on the difference between adjacent pixels.
In step S803, the master image generation unit 402 divides the master image area into four as shown in FIG. 12, and the area A includes the filter shown in FIG. 11A and the area B uses the filter shown in FIG. The filter shown in FIG. 11C is applied to the region C, and the filter shown in FIG. 11D is applied to the region D. In this way, by dividing the image to be processed into a plurality of regions and extracting the corners for each region, it is possible to set a plurality of reference points on the image to be processed, and align the images. It can be suitably performed.
By applying such a filter, corners are extracted as shown in FIG. 10C based on the edge image as shown in FIG. When the corners are extracted as shown in FIG. 10C, the master image generation unit 402 assigns numbers to the extracted corner coordinates and stores them in a table as shown in FIG. 13 (hereinafter referred to as a corner coordinate table). To do. As shown in FIG. 13, in the corner coordinate table, the “coordinates” of the corners extracted by the master image generating unit 402 are stored in association with the assigned “numbers”.
In the present embodiment, the filters shown in FIG. 9 and FIGS. 11A to 11D are used for image edge extraction and image corner extraction, respectively. It is possible to use any method for extracting the corners of images and images.
Note that the master image generation unit 402 performs the processing of S801 and S802 for each color of RGB. Thereby, a corner coordinate table as shown in FIG. 13 is generated for each color of RGB. When the processing of S802 is completed, the master image generation unit 402 includes the “coordinates” stored in the P pattern availability table shown in FIG. 7 and the “coordinates” stored in the corner coordinate table shown in FIG. For each of the areas A to D shown in FIG. 12, the coordinate farthest from the center of the image is selected as a reference point (S803).
In the processing of S803, the master image generation unit 402 obtains the interval between the straight line between the coordinates of the center of the image and the “coordinates” stored in the P pattern availability table and the corner coordinate table, and for each of the areas A to D. , Select the most spaced coordinates. In addition, priorities are set for the respective coordinates for each of the areas A to D, and the coordinate having the highest priority is selected from the “coordinates” stored in the P pattern availability table and the corner coordinate table. You may make it do.
If it is determined in S601 of FIG. 6 that the image is a monochrome image, the process of S602 is skipped, and the P pattern availability table is not generated. Therefore, when the image input from the engine controller 2 is a monochrome binary image, in S803 of FIG. A reference point is selected based on the corner coordinate table.
By the processing of S803, the master image generation unit 402 selects a total of four reference points for each of the areas A to D. Again, the master image generation unit 402 selects a total of four reference points for each of the regions A to D for each of the RGB colors. Further, the master image generation unit 402 generates “selection mode” information indicating how the selected reference point is extracted, and “Plain” indicating any of RGB is shown in FIG. A table as shown in FIG. 14 (hereinafter referred to as a reference point selection result table) is generated by associating the “area” indicating any one of the areas A to D with the selected “coordinate” and storing it in the storage medium.
By such processing, the master image generation processing and the reference point selection processing by the master image generation unit 402 are completed. The master image generation unit 402 inputs the generated master image and the reference point selection result table to the inspection control unit 404. Thereby, the inspection control unit 404 can supply the master image and the reference point selection result table and execute the comparative inspection when the comparative inspection unit 405 performs the comparative inspection.
Next, a comparison inspection process executed by the comparison inspection unit 405 according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing details of the comparison inspection process by the comparison inspection unit 405. As shown in FIG. 15, the comparison inspection unit 405 acquires a read image from the read image acquisition unit 401 (S1501), and acquires a master image and a reference point selection result table from the inspection control unit 404 (S1502).
The comparison inspection unit 405 corrects the master image in accordance with the read image based on the read image and the information stored in the reference point selection result table (S1503). Here, the details of the processing of S1503 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, the comparison inspection unit 405 extracts a corresponding reference point in the read image based on the reference point selection result table as shown in FIG. 14 (S1601).
For example, in the case of the uppermost data in the table of FIG. 14, the reference point is selected by “pattern number # 1, 1” for the area A of the R plane. With reference to pixel information in a predetermined range centered on the coordinates to which one P pattern should be assigned, the coordinates of the pixel corresponding to the black circle at the upper left in FIG. 4 are extracted as a reference point.
Here, the predetermined range centered on the coordinates to which the P pattern is to be applied is set based on the order of misalignment occurring in the read image. For example, when a positional deviation of about 10 pixels occurs, the comparison inspection unit 405 performs pixel information in a square range of 10 pixels in the vertical and horizontal directions around the “coordinates” illustrated in FIG. 14, that is, pixel information in a range of 20 dots × 20 dots. , Pattern matching based on the format of the P pattern as shown in FIG. 4 is performed to extract the coordinates of the black circle at the upper left.
In the case of the data in the second row from the top of the table of FIG. 14, the reference point is selected by “coordinate number # 3” for the region B of the R plane. This indicates that the reference point has been selected by corner extraction as described in FIGS. Therefore, the comparison inspection unit 405 performs the same processing as in FIG. 8 for the region B of the R plane and extracts the corner coordinates as the reference point.
When the reference point is extracted in this way, the comparison inspection unit 405 calculates a scaling factor for adjusting the position and size of the master image to the read image based on the extracted deviation amount of the reference point (S1602). Then, the comparison inspection unit 405 recalculates and resamples the master image based on the scaling factor, thereby causing the pixels that constitute the master image and the pixels that constitute the read image to correspond to each other that should be essentially the same ( S1603).
Returning to FIG. 15, when the processing of S1503 is completed, the comparison inspection unit 405 compares the pixels constituting the master image and the pixels constituting the read image, and extracts the difference (S1604). If the image forming output is suitably executed, the difference between the master image and the read image is small, and as a result, the gradation values of the pixels constituting the image are almost the same value, and the difference between the subtraction results is zero. Get closer. On the other hand, if the image forming output is not executed as intended, a difference occurs in the gradation value of the pixel, and the difference as a result of the subtraction does not become a value close to zero.
The comparison inspection unit 405 performs defect determination by comparing the difference value thus generated with a predetermined threshold value (S1505). In the processing of S1505, a threshold value may be set for each of the RGB planes and compared with the calculated difference, or the color shift of the brightness, hue, and saturation as a whole is based on the difference for each of the RGB planes. The defect may be determined by calculation and comparison with a threshold value set for the value. As a result of such comparison, if the generated difference value exceeds the threshold value, the comparison inspection unit 405 determines that the read image is defective. When the comparison inspection unit 405 determines whether there is a defect, the comparison inspection unit 405 notifies the inspection control unit 404 of the determination result.
The inspection control unit 404 acquires the determination result from the comparative inspection unit 405, and when it is determined that there is a defect, notifies the engine controller 2 of a reprint request. As a result, the engine controller 2 controls the print engine 3 to execute reprinting.
As described above, in the image forming system according to the present embodiment, the master image generation unit 402 and the comparison inspection unit 405 generate the reference point candidates by extracting the corners at the edges of the image. For this reason, even in the case of monochrome printing without a P pattern, the background of the image is a yellow color, and the paper on which the image is to be output is a yellow color, the master image and It is possible to extract corresponding pixels in the read image and perform image alignment.
In the above embodiment, a P pattern availability table as shown in FIG. 7 is generated, and among the reference point candidates based on the P pattern and the reference point candidates obtained by corner extraction, the table is farther from the center of the image. The case of selecting a point has been described as an example. This is because by setting the reference point at a position as close to the four corners of the image as possible, the deviation of the reference point when the read image is contracted becomes large, and it becomes easy to detect the contraction of the image.
On the other hand, the generation of the P pattern availability table as shown in FIG. 7 may be omitted, and only the reference point candidates obtained by the corner extraction may be used. As a result, when it is impossible to use the P pattern as described above, it is possible to omit an extra process and reduce the processing load.
In the above embodiment, as described with reference to FIGS. 11A to 11D, the case where different filters are applied to each of the regions A to D illustrated in FIG. 12 at the time of corner extraction has been described as an example. 11 (a) to 11 (d) are filters with different corner positions to be extracted. FIG. 11 (a) is an upper left corner, FIG. 11 (b) is an upper right corner, and FIG. 11 (c) is a lower left corner. FIG. 11D shows a filter for extracting the lower right corner. This corresponds to a corner that will be extracted in each of the areas A to D shown in FIG.
However, the purpose of the corner extraction is to extract a characteristic point in the image, and the regions A to D and FIGS. 11A to 11D are made to correspond one to one as in the above embodiment. That is not essential. All the filters in FIGS. 11A to 11D may be applied to each of the areas A to D, and various types of corners may be extracted from each area.
On the other hand, as in the above embodiment, by narrowing down the types of corners to be extracted in each of the regions A to D, only the corner extraction process that is likely to be extracted empirically is performed, and the load is reduced. Processing can be made more efficient.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, as described in FIG. 8, the case where the corner of the edge image is extracted after the edge of the image is extracted has been described as an example. First, by generating an edge image, it is possible to narrow down the objects to be extracted as corners and reduce the processing load. However, the generation of the edge image is not essential, and the corner extraction process may be executed on the master image.
In the above embodiment, as described with reference to FIG. 1, the case where the DFE 1, the engine controller 2, the print engine 3, and the inspection device 4 are configured as separate devices has been described as an example. Here, among the respective configurations shown in FIG. 1, the DFE 1, the engine controller 2, and the print engine 3 are configured to include corresponding functions even in a general image forming apparatus that is not an image forming apparatus for commercial printing. .
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17A, a mode in which the inspection device 4 is connected to a printer that is a device equipped with functions corresponding to the DFE 1, the engine controller 2, and the print engine 3 is also possible. In addition, as shown in FIG. 17B, a mode in which the printer is configured as one apparatus in which all functions corresponding to the DFE 1, the engine controller 2, the print engine 3, and the inspection apparatus 4 are mounted is possible.
In the above embodiment, the DFE 1, the engine controller 2, the print engine 3, and the inspection device 4 are connected by a local interface such as USB (Universal Serial Bus) or PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express). The case has been described as an example. However, the inspection apparatus 4 does not need to be installed at the same site as the DFE 1, the engine controller 2, and the print engine 3, and can be provided as an application that can be used via a network, for example.
FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the function of the inspection apparatus 4 is provided via a network. In the example of FIG. 18, the engine controller 2, the print engine 3, and the inspection device 4 are connected via a public line 5 such as the Internet. Then, the engine controller 2 and the print engine 3 transmit necessary information to the inspection device 4 via the public line 5. The inspection device 4 transmits the inspection result to be notified to the engine controller 2 via the public line 5. With such an aspect, it is not necessary to introduce the inspection device 4 at the user's base, and the initial cost of the user can be reduced.
2 Engine controller 3 Print engine 4 Inspection device 10 CPU
50 I / F
60 LCD
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 70 Operation part 80 Dedicated device 90 Bus 301 Print processing part 302 Reading apparatus 303 P pattern generation part 401 Read image acquisition part 402 Master image generation part 403 P pattern generation part 404 Inspection control part 405 Comparison inspection part
JP 2004-195878 A
An image inspection apparatus for inspecting a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by an image forming apparatus,
An inspection image generation unit that acquires an output target image for the image forming apparatus to execute image formation output and generates an inspection image for inspecting the read image;
An image inspection unit that performs inspection by comparing the generated inspection image and the read image;
The inspection image generation unit extracts a corner of a shape included in the generated inspection image, and sets and stores the extracted corner as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image. Memorize it in the medium,
The image inspection unit extracts a corner of a shape included in the read image, sets the extracted corner as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image, and sets the inspection image The inspection image and the read image are aligned based on the difference between the position of the reference point on the inspection image and the position of the reference point set for the read image on the read image. after the stomach line inspection by comparing the read image and the test image,
The inspection image generation unit and the image inspection unit divide an image to be processed into a plurality of regions when extracting the corners, extract at least one corner for each region, and process the extracted corners An image inspection apparatus characterized in that a corner that is farthest from the center of a target image is set as the reference point .
The inspection image generation unit extracts an edge of a shape included in the inspection image based on a difference between adjacent pixels in the generated inspection image, and extracts the corner based on the extracted edge And
The image inspection unit extracts an edge having a shape included in the read image based on a difference between adjacent pixels in the read image, and extracts the corner based on the extracted edge. The image inspection apparatus according to claim 1.
The image inspection apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the inspection image generation unit and the image inspection unit extract different types of corners for each of the divided regions.
The inspection image generation unit includes:
When the image forming apparatus executes image forming output based on the output target image, a pattern that is repeatedly superimposed on the entire output target image is superimposed on the acquired output target image in the same manner as the image forming apparatus. Generating the inspection image;
Determining whether or not the pattern can be used as the reference point based on an image at a position where the pattern is superimposed on the output target image in the previous period, and storing the determination result in a storage medium;
2. The pattern that is determined to be usable as the extracted corner and the reference point is set as the reference point at a position far from the center of the output target image. 4. The image inspection apparatus according to any one of items 3 to 3 .
An image forming unit that executes image forming output;
An image reading unit for reading the image formed and output on the paper surface;
An image forming apparatus comprising an image inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
An image inspection method for inspecting a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by an image forming apparatus,
The image forming apparatus acquires an output target image for executing image forming output, generates an inspection image for inspecting the read image, stores the image in a storage medium,
Extracting a corner of the shape included in the generated inspection image, setting the extracted corner as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image, and storing the corner in a storage medium;
The read image is acquired, a corner of the shape included in the read image is extracted, and the extracted corner is set as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image and stored in a storage medium. ,
The inspection image and the read image based on the difference between the position of the reference point set for the inspection image on the inspection image and the position of the reference point set for the read image on the read image. And performing the inspection by comparing the inspection image and the read image,
When extracting the corner, the image to be processed is divided into a plurality of areas, and at least one corner is extracted for each area. An image inspection method, wherein the image inspection method is set as the reference point .
An image forming system having an image inspection function for inspecting a read image obtained by reading an image formed and output on a paper surface by an image forming apparatus,
The image forming apparatus;
A reading device that reads an image formed and output on the paper surface and generates the read image;
An image inspection apparatus for inspecting the read image,
The image inspection apparatus includes:
An inspection image generation unit that acquires an output target image formed on a paper surface by the image forming apparatus and generates an inspection image for inspecting the read image;
The inspection image generation unit and the image inspection unit divide an image to be processed into a plurality of regions when extracting the corners, extract at least one corner for each region, and process the extracted corners An image forming system, characterized in that a corner that is farthest from the center of a target image is set as the reference point .
Extract the corners of the shape included in the generated inspection image,
When the output target image is a chromatic image, when the image forming apparatus executes image forming output based on the output target image, a pattern that repeatedly overlaps the entire output target image is used as the image forming apparatus. Similarly, the inspection image is generated by superimposing the acquired output target image,
Based on the image at the position where the pattern is superimposed in the previous output target image, it is determined whether or not the pattern can be used as a reference point for alignment between the inspection image and the read image, and the determination result is stored Stored in
At least one of the extracted corner and the pattern determined to be usable as the reference point is set as a reference point for alignment in the inspection image and stored in a storage medium,
The image inspection unit sets a point extracted from the read image based on a reference point for alignment in the inspection image stored in the storage medium as a reference point for alignment in the read image, Based on the difference between the position of the reference point set for the inspection image on the inspection image and the position of the reference point set for the read image on the read image, the inspection image and the read image after performing the alignment, it has rows inspection by comparing the read image and the test image,
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