Source: http://www.scc.virginia.gov/urs/manuals/proexcavatorsmanual/
Timestamp: 2018-01-19 01:37:00
Document Index: 298721786

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C.A.R.E. App
Professional Excavator's Manual
Damage to underground utility lines can cause far-reaching consequences, from serious injury and environmental damage to the loss of vital services we depend on every day. Preventing damage to these facilities is a responsibility shared by all stakeholders and is accomplished through various damage prevention measures.
In 1979, the Virginia General Assembly passed the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act (“Act”), defining the stakeholders’ responsibilities so as to prevent excavation/demolition damage to underground utility lines. Since then, the Act has been amended several times to further clarify these responsibilities. In 1994, the Act authorized the State Corporation Commission (“Commission”) to enforce the provisions of the law and assist with programs such as public awareness and training to further damage prevention in Virginia.
The preparation and dissemination of this manual is one of several ways the Commission is providing to professional excavators information regarding safe excavation and demolition practices in the Commonwealth.
In addition, this manual provides reproductions of the Act, and the Commission’s Rules for Enforcement of the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act (“Rules”) solely as a convenience for the persons reading this manual, and not as a legal reference. Persons seeking a legal reference should utilize the Code of Virginia and the Virginia Administrative Code.
This manual also contains several policies of the Commission’s Underground Utility Damage Prevention Advisory Committee (“Advisory Committee”) which was established in accordance with § 56-265.31 (Click on the menu button, then click ‘The Act’ to view the Act) of the Act. These policies do not represent a general order, rule, or regulation of the Commission, and do not bind or limit the Commission when administering the provisions of the Act and the Rules issued in accordance with the Act.
Call the pipeline company involved.
Call the local fire department and emergency personnel (911).
Secure the area. Keep unnecessary personnel out of the area. Allow only trained repair and emergency personnel onto the site.
Eliminate any source of ignition (cigarettes, matches, flint guns, welders, flashlights, electrical and electronic devices, motorized vehicles and equipment) or anything that could produce a spark.
all 811 before you dig.
Before you begin your excavation or demolition, call 811 and provide the required information regarding your excavation or demolition.
For Non-Emergency Excavations: Notify VA811 when you are certain that your project will begin within thirty (30) “working days” from the date of the original call to VA811. Working days exclude Saturdays, Sundays, legal, state, and national holidays.
The extent of your proposed work must be a work area that can be excavated within fifteen (15) working days from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following notice to VA811. The area covered under each notice (commonly referred to as a “ticket”) must not exceed one mile.
Your notification is valid for fifteen (15) working days from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day after you notify VA811.
Be prepared when contacting notification center (VA811). The Act requires you to provide the notification center (VA811) with the following information when giving notice of your proposed excavation or demolition:
The name of the individual serving the notice.
The specific location of the proposed work. In the event a specific description of the location of the excavation cannot be given, the person proposing to excavate or demolish shall comply with subsection E of § 56-265.17. In addition to the Act, click on ‘The Rules’ view Rule 20VAC5-309-190 for additional information on delineating the specific location of a proposed excavation or demolition.
The name, address, telephone number, and facsimile number, if available, of the excavator or demolisher, to whom notification can be given.
The excavator’s or demolisher’s field telephone number, if one is available.
The type and extent of the proposed work.
The name of the person for whom the proposed work is being performed.
In addition, providing the following information will assist VA811 in the efficient and accurate processing of your request.
If you are a utility operator, contractor, owner, or engineer.
If you will be using trenchless technology equipment, or blasting with explosives.
Note: If you have called VA811 before, they can retrieve some of your information using your company telephone number. The information is verified on each call.
Specifics (including a description) about the work location such as, an ADC map book page number, 911 map grid information or other map information;
The name of a specific place (county, city, town, community, or district); and/or GPS coordinates.
The nearest cross streets to your proposed work location.
If the work will begin or take place in an intersection.
The side (facing the house, left, right, front, back, etc.) of the property where the work will be performed.
The route of the excavation (for linear work) or the boundary of the excavation (for work that covers a larger area).
If you have marked the proposed excavation area with white paint or flags (Go to the ‘Excavation page to view more information on White Lining.). During your call, VA811 will provide you with:
The names of the operators that will be notified of your proposed excavation or demolition.
A reference number, commonly called a “ticket number.” You will need this number to make inquiries concerning your notification. Additionally, the law requires that you provide this number to the operators owning underground utility lines in the area of your excavation or to the appropriate regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, within one hour of a request.
The Life of Your Ticket is Valid for 15 Working Days
Request a re-marking of the underground utility lines if the line-location markings on the ground become illegible.
“Working Day” means every day except Saturdays, Sundays, and legal state and national holidays. Do not include these days in the fifteen (15) working day calculation.
Time periods are calculated consecutively from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 a.m. each working day throughout the period the ticket is valid. Each 24 hour period equals one working day.
llow required time for marking.
You must wait the time required by law if VA811 informs you that member operators will be notified of your proposed excavation or demolition.
The waiting period is 48 hours and begins at 7:00 a.m. the next working day after you contact VA811.
Do not include Saturdays, Sundays, legal state and national holidays in the waiting period calculation.
If you confirm from VA811 that all applicable operators have either marked their underground utility lines or reported that no lines are present in the vicinity of your excavation or demolition, you may begin your excavation or demolition anytime during the waiting period.
At the time of you ticket request, if VA811 informs you that no member operators need to be informed of your proposed excavation you may begin your project.
If you cannot provide VA811 with a facsimile number or other mutually acceptable means of automatically receiving responses placed on VA811’s Positive Response System, it is your responsibility to contact VA811 prior to commencing excavation/demolition in order to determine if any responses to your notice have been recorded (Click on Tickets and Codes for more information on the Positive Response System).
espect the marks.
Marking underground utility lines is the way operators show the approximate horizontal location of their facilities in advance of excavation or demolition.
Protect and preserve the markings from the time the excavation begins until markings are no longer required for the proper and safe excavation near the utility lines.
xcavate carefully.
Plan your project to avoid damage, dislocation, or disturbance of underground utility lines.
Check your excavation ticket and ensure it is valid prior to beginning your project.
Conduct a site inspection before beginning your project, and do the following:
- Verify you are at the correct location and verify locate markings
- Look for clear evidence of unmarked utility lines.
Notify VA811 three (3) working days before your ticket expires, and request a re-marking of the underground utility lines if you need to continue to excavate past the expiration date.
Provide proper support for underground utility lines during excavation activities.
Protect and preserve the utility marks from the time the excavation begins until the marks are no longer required for the proper and safe excavation near the utility lines.
Protect all exposed utility lines from damage
During Backfill Operations
Consult the utility line owner/operator regarding proper support and backfilling techniques.
Use the same or similar backfill material that was originally around the utility line.
Ensure there is proper compaction around the utility line.
Protect all tracer wires and protect or replace warning tapes.
Clear evidence includes, but is not limited to:
Visual evidence of an unmarked utility line;
Knowledge of the presence of a utility line;
Faded marks from previous markings.
If clear evidence of an unmarked utility line is identified, notify VA811, and:
Wait three (3) hours from the time you notified VA811;
If after three (3) hours the operator(s) has not responded, you may proceed using reasonable care, however, you are encouraged to call 811 again and request a second Three-Hour Ticket notice.
Excavating Within Two Feet of Marks
Virginia law requires you to follow certain steps when excavating within two (2) feet on either side of the staked or marked location of an underground utility line. See Figure Below.
Expose the underground utility line to its extremities by hand digging before beginning the proposed excavation. See Figure Below.
Not using mechanized equipment with two (2) feet of the exposed utility line. See Figure Below.
In addition, for parallel excavation to an existing utility line, such steps shall include, but may not be limited to, hand digging at reasonable distances along the line of excavation. See Figure Below.
Exposing Underground Utility Lines
Use soft digging whenever possible.
Use only rounded/blunt edged tools when hand digging in the vicinity of utility lines. The use of axes, post-hole diggers, picks, mattocks, and pry/probing bars may result in damage.
Carefully begin potholing an area to the side of the marked utility line. Keep the face of the shovel parallel with the utility line markings. See Figure Below.
Begin extending the pothole walls towards the utility line. See Figure Below.
Once the utility line is visible, keep the face of the shovel parallel with the utility line and use all precautions to remove the soil from around the utility line. See Figure Below.
Fully expose the extremities of the utility line. See Figure Below.
Protect all exposed utility lines from damage that could result from falling debris, i.e. rocks, concrete, compacted soil etc. and from equipment and persons working in the vicinity of the exposed utility line. See Figure Below.
Be aware of any softening of the soil you are digging in. This is often an indication that you are in a ditch line.
Use rounded/blunt edged tools whenever possible.
Don’t become frustrated if you can not find a utility line right away. This will lead to carelessness and eventual damage to the utility line
Don’t relocate utility lines unless authorized and supervised by the utility lines owner/operator.
Which Utility Lines Will NOT Be Marked?
Utilities typically do not mark privately owned underground lines such as sprinkler systems, or power lines to garages. It is the responsibility of the utility line owner to locate, or to hire someone to locate those lines.
By law VDOT is not required to be a member of VA811 and will not be notified by VA811 of your proposed excavation. Excavators are encouraged to contact the applicable VDOT area offices directly for information on VDOT’s procedures for marking of their underground utility lines. VDOT’s Situation Room can also be contacted at 804-692-0180 for information pertaining to applicable area offices; VDOT’s Situation Room is available 24 hours day, seven days a week for emergency notification.
Underground utility lines of such importance to national security that marking them in accordance with the Act is not appropriate. However, a system is in place to provide the excavator with an appropriate name and contact information for the excavator to use to inform the operator of the date and time when excavation will commence.
White Lining Best Practices
Excavators are encouraged to use white lining, when practical, to show the locators the area where excavation will take place. This will reduce the need to precisely describe the area of planned excavation in words, reduce unnecessary work locating underground utility lines that are not involved in the excavation area and reduce unnecessary paint on our streets, roads, sidewalks, etc.
For single point excavation, mark (using white paint) the area by the use of dots or dashes to show the operators/locators the area of excavation. If necessary, use white flags. If utility markings are desired outside a white lined area, provide clear instructions (including distance in feet outside the white lined area) to the notification center. Instances where this would be desirable are installing poles, pedestals, manholes,landscaping, etc. See Figure Below.
For continuous excavation (trenching, boring, etc.), mark the center line of excavation with dots or dashes. Excavation width (in feet) shall be indicated on either side of the center line in legible figures or noted in the marking instructions given to the notification center. See Figure Below.
When conducting trenchless excavation, take all reasonable steps necessary to protect and support underground utility lines. These steps shall include, but are not limited to the following:
Verify that all utility lines in the area are marked. (See Rule 20VAC5-309-180)
Ensure that bore equipment stakes are installed at a safe distance from marked utility lines.
When grounding rods are used, ensure that they are installed at a safe distance (at least 24 inches plus the width of the utility line, if known) away from the marked or staked location of utility lines.
Ensure sufficient clearance is maintained between the bore path and any underground utility lines during pullback.
Give special consideration to water and sewer systems within the area.
Special consideration to help protect water and sewer systems include but are not limited to:
Review ticket responses received from VA811 to see if water and sewer operators have been notified;
Prior to excavation, conduct a thorough site inspection of the excavation area checking for unmarked private water and sewer laterals.
Attempt to contact the homeowner/developer for private water and sewer lateral location information;
If a tracer wire exists, use the tracer wire to locate the private water and sewer laterals with locating equipment;
If a tracer wire does not exist, use the information gained from the following to plan you excavation so as to eliminate or minimize conflict with the water and sewer systems:
- Use other locating methods such as ground penetrating radar, cameras, fish tapes, sondes, or hand digging to locate the laterals;
- Perform a visual site inspection. Look for clear evidence such as old marks, water meters/crocks, valve boxes, sewer clean-outs, etc.;
- Try to locate water and sewer lateral entrance and exit points at buildings to determine there routes;
- Be aware of patches in pavement that could indicate where water and sewer laterals had been previously uncovered;
- Physically verify the location of the water and sewer laterals; and
- Consult the operator of unmarked water and sewer laterals for additional assistance.
In the event a water or sewer lateral cannot be located, trenchless technologies is not recommended to be used in the excavation area.
In the event the property is served by a septic or similar private sewer system the excavator shall work with the property owner to determine its location and protect those lines.
Unless prohibited by laws, ordinances, regulations, or rules of governmental and regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, expose all utility lines which will be in the bore path by hand digging to establish the underground utility line’s location prior to commencing bore. See Figure Below.
For a parallel type bore, expose the utility line by hand digging at reasonable distances along the bore path. See Figure Below.
In an effort to further reduce damages, excavators are encouraged to bore away from rather than across underground utility lines whenever possible, especially when boring with “Impact Moles.” See Figure Below.
Ensure the drill head locating device is functioning properly and within its specifications. Visually check the drill head as it passes through potholes, entrances, and exit pits. See Figure Below.
Note: When you can reasonably conclude that a private sewer lateral may be impacted by the use of trenchless technology for the installation or maintenance of gas or electric utility lines based upon visual evidence, knowledge of the proposed excavation site or other available information the following steps must be taken:
Review information provided by the private sewer lateral owner or sewer system operator;
Meet with the sewer system operator on-site, if the sewer system operator has additional information to provide about the location of private sewer laterals; or
Conduct a visual inspection of the proposed excavation site in an effort to determine the probable path of the sewer lateral.
Separation during installation is essential to the safe operation and maintenance of underground utility lines and is required by Virginia law. Installing a utility line without proper separation poses a threat to the health, safety, and welfare of the people of the Commonwealth and the environment. At a minimum, persons installing underground utility lines must comply with the following requirements and standards when applicable.
Visit the following web page to link to laws, rules, documents and standards relative to utility separation in Virginia:
www.scc.virginia.gov/urs/mutility/sep.aspx
Code of Virginia: § 56-257. Manner of Installing Underground Utility Lines. Click HERE for more information.
Virginia Administrative Code: 20VAC5-325-30. Installation of Utility Lines. Click HERE for more information.
Code of Federal Regulations: Part 192 Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline: Minimum Federal Safety Standards: §192.325. Underground Clearance. Click HERE for more information.
Code of Federal Regulations: Part 195 Transportation of Hazardous Liquids by Pipeline: §195.250. Clearance Between Pipe and Underground Structures. Click HERE for more information.
Department of Health’s Waterworks Regulations, 12VAC5-590-1150. Separation of Water Mains and Sewers. Click HERE for more information.
National Electrical Safety Code® (“NESC®”): Rules 353 & 354. The NESC is published exclusively by the Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc. (“IEEE”). Contact the IEEE for information on how to obtain a copy.
Utility Industry Coalition Separation Standards. Click HERE for more information.
“Emergency” means a sudden or unexpected occurrence involving a clear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services
When excavation or demolition is required during an emergency, all reasonable precautions shall be taken to protect underground utility lines that may be located at the site of the excavation. These precautions include, but are not limited to the actions detailed below.
Dispatched personnel or crews responding to the emergency* shall notify VA811 and request an emergency locate of the underground utility lines at the earliest reasonable opportunity.
After arriving at the site, the person responding to the emergency shall determine the need for immediate action;
If immediate action is required, all reasonable precautions shall be taken to protect the underground utility lines. These actions shall include, but are not limited to:
1. Conduct a thorough site assessment to determine the location of underground utility lines;
2. Locate the underground utility lines with acceptable equipment, if possible;
3. Hand dig around the underground utility lines;
4. Directly notify the utility line operators, if necessary; and
5. If prudent, wait for the utility operators to mark their utility lines before proceeding with the excavation.
* For emergency excavations in the vicinity of utility lines owned and/or operated by the Virginia Department of Transportation (“VDOT”) contact VDOT’s Situation Room at 804-692-0180 for assistance.
Utility Damage and Resulting Emergencies
If damage, dislocation, or disturbance of any underground utility line, including its appurtenances, covering, and coating, occurs as a result of your excavation or demolition, immediately notify the operator of the utility line.
If damage, dislocation, or disturbance of an underground utility line creates an emergency, take immediate steps to reasonably calculated to safeguard life, health and property.
If the damage results in the escape of any flammable, toxic, or corrosive gas or liquid... promptly report to other appropriate authorities by calling 911.
If damage to a pipeline results in the escape of any flammable gas or liquid in the vicinity of a railroad, in addition to following the requirements on this page, contact the railroad operator directly and notify the railroad operator of the location of the emergency situation.
In response to your ticket, operators will mark their underground utility lines in accordance with the Act and the Commission’s General Marking Requirements. In addition, stakeholders in Virginia have agreed on a set of marking best practices contained in the Virginia Underground Utility Marking Standards booklet published by the Commission’s Division of Utility and Railroad Safety. This document is subject to change.
As part of marking the underground utility lines, operators are required to use their assigned letter designation to show the owners of the utility lines. VA811 uses the same letter designations to identify the utilities having facilities in your proposed excavation area. Always compare this information (provided to you on the phone, or on your fax back, etc.) with the utility owner’s letter designation shown as part of the markings to see if all applicable operators have marked their facilities.
For a list of operator letter designations click HERE.
Utility marks indicate the approximate horizontal location of the underground utility lines on the ground to within two feet of either side of the underground utility lines.
Underground utilities may be marked with paint, flags, stakes, or with any combination of these means utilizing the American Public Works Association (“APWA”) color codes.
VA811 has been certified by the Commission to provide notification service for the entire state. Under the direction of a board of director, VA811 operates its primary and back-up notification centers in Roanoke. VA811 must provide notification service in compliance with the Act and Commission’s notification center operational and performance rules. At least 20 percent of the notifications center’s board of directors must be non-operator representatives.
Virginia law requires that every operator, as defined in the Act, join the notification center. This does not apply to VDOT.
Operators are required to provide data to the notification center that will allow proper notification to the operator of excavation near the operator’s underground utility lines. This data must be updated in accordance with the Commission’s Rules. To view the Commission’s Rules, click the Menu button and then click ‘The Rules.’
VA811 provides emergency service 365 days a year, 24 hours a day, and regular service Monday through Friday, 7:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. excluding legal state and national holidays.
When an excavator contacts VA811 and gives notice of a proposed excavation for a specific location/address, the information is entered into an electronic mapping system. The system will identify member operators who have underground facilities in the proposed area of excavation, and a notice is sent to those member operators.
Once member operators receive the notice of a proposed excavation planned in such proximity to their underground utility lines that their lines may be destroyed, damaged, dislocated, or disturbed, it is the operators’ responsibility to mark the approximate horizontal location of their underground utility lines within the time allowed by law and report the marking status to the VA811’s Positive Response System.
VA811 provides free training on how to best use their notification services including web ticket entry. To request training, call 811.
Normal Ticket: Before beginning an excavation or demolition, the law requires that you notify VA811. The law allows member operators 48 hours from 7:00 a.m. the next working day after you call VA811 to mark their underground utility lines. In addition to contacting VA811 for this ticket type, web ticket entry is also available. A positive response is required for this type of ticket.
Emergency Ticket: If excavation is necessary due to a sudden or unexpected occurrence involving a clear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services an emergency ticket shall be submitted to VA811. A positive response is not required for this type of ticket.
Remark and Update Ticket: Notify VA811 any time the line-location markings on the ground become illegible, or three (3) working days before the end of the fifteen day period, if you intend to continue with your excavation. A positive response is required for this type of ticket.
Three-Hour (“3-hour”) Ticket: A 3-hour ticket shall only be used by the excavator when the excavator has:
Given proper notice to VA811 of a proposed excavation area;
Waited in accordance with the time required by law;
Conducted a site inspection of the proposed excavation area; and
Determined that there is clear evidence of an unmarked underground utility line(s) in the area of the proposed excavation, or at any time while the excavator’s ticket is valid, and a previously unmarked utility line(s) is discovered in the excavation area. A positive response is not required for this type of ticket.
The notification center shall accept and process 3-hour tickets received after the center’s normal business hours. Operators/locators receiving such notices shall respond to the ticket within 3-hours from the excavator’s notice to the notification center. Excavators shall remain on-site for at least 3-hours from their notice to the center (Advisory Committee Policy).
Meeting Ticket: Excavators who are planning a project of sufficient complexity should request a meeting with the operators who have underground utility lines in the proposed area of excavation. The meeting is to discuss the marking of the operator’s lines, and not to locate and/or mark the lines. Remember, a meeting ticket is not a valid ticket to excavate, and an excavator can not submit a excavation ticket VA811 until after the meeting has taken place, or after 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the meeting ticket. A positive response is required for this type of ticket.
Special Project Ticket: An excavator may request a special project ticket from VA811 for the purpose of notifying the operators of the excavator’s desire to enter into an agreement for locating and protecting the operator’s underground utility lines for a specific, unique or long-term project. An excavator using a special project ticket shall have complete control over all activities within the project area. The terms and conditions of such agreements must be agreed upon, in writing, by the excavator and the operator before excavation commences. Such agreement and compliance with the terms of the agreement shall constitute an exemption from the requirements of § 56-265.17 subsections A, B, C, D and E. A positive response is not required for this type of ticket.
Designer Ticket: A designer (any licensed professional), designated by a project owner, who prepares drawings and plans for government projects, commercial projects, and residential projects consisting of twenty-five or more units, or industrial projects, that require the approval of governmental or regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the project area, may notify VA81 and request to receive underground utility line information from the utility operators. A positive response is required for this type of ticket.
Operator’s responsibilities for abandoned utility lines:
When a Three-Hour (“3-hour”) Ticket is used by an excavator to notify VA811 of the possibility of an existing abandoned utility line and the operator determines that an abandoned utility line exists, the operator shall provide the status of the utility line to the excavator within 27 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays, from the time the excavator makes the additional notice to the notification center. The excavator and operator may negotiate a mutually agreeable time period in excess of 27 hours for the operator to provide such information to the excavator if site conditions prohibit the operator from making such a determination or extraordinary circumstances exist, as defined in § 56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia. If the site conditions prohibit the operator from making such a determination or extraordinary circumstances exist, the operator shall directly notify the person who proposes to excavate or demolish and shall, in addition,notify that person of the date and time when the status of the utility line will be determined. The deferral to determine the status of the utility line shall be no longer than 96 hours from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following the excavator’s additional notice to the notification center.
The operator shall record and maintain the location information of the abandoned utility line as determined by the operator. Such records need not include abandoned underground electric, telecommunications, cable television, water, and sewer lines connected to a single family dwelling unit.
Three Hour Deep Ticket: This ticket is used according with an Advisory Committee Policy when conducting an open trench excavation not parallel to utility markings, the excavation exceeds four (4) feet in depth, and the excavator does not find the utility line, the excavator must first comply with the provisions of § 56-265.24C and § 56-265.17C. When providing the additional notice, the excavator will inform the notification center of the details of the crossing. It shall then be considered that the excavator has taken reasonable care to avoid damage to an underground utility line if the excavator hand digs two (2) feet on either side of the marked location of the existing utility line to a depth of two (2) feet below the final depth of the excavation and does not find the utility line.
Upon receipt of the excavator’s additional notice under § 56-265.24C, the notification center shall transmit the notice to the member utilities or their contract locators. In addition, the notification center will provide a separate notice containing the details of the crossing of any natural gas, hazardous liquid or critical facility as specified by Positive Response Code 70 directly to the affected utility operator(s). Operators and their contract locators will respond in accordance with § 56-265.17C.
Cancellation or Corrections:
VA811 will accept cancellations and corrections to existing tickets.
The Positive Response System
You can check the status of your ticket by:
- Calling 811;
- Clicking HERE; or
- Receiving an email, fax, LETS, or other mutually acceptable means of automatic transmission that you and VA811 have agreed upon.
Member operators or their contract locator’s use the following codes to report to the Positive Response System their responses to your ticket. Please use this information for a safe and damage free excavation.
The Virginia Damage Prevention Advisory Committee is responsible for approving the Positive Response Codes (“Codes”) and policies that are used in conjunction with the Excavator-Operator Information Exchange System, commonly referred to as the Positive Response System. The Codes are intended to be used as an effective and efficient method of communication between VA811’s member operators or their contract locators and the excavator community regarding the status of a locate request. It is essential that only the appropriate Code be used when updating the status of a locate request. Inappropriate or erroneous use of Codes can cause miscommunication that may result in work delays, utility damages, service interruptions, economic loss, environmental damage, liability claims, civil penalties, injuries or worse!
10 - Marked.
11 - Marked; abandoned utility lines may be in area.
12 - Marked up to privately owned utility; contact private utility owner for locate.
13 - Marked up to privately owned utility; contact private utility owner for locate. Abandoned utility lines may be in area.
30 - No conflict; utility is outside of stated work area.
31 - No conflict; utility is outside of stated work area. Abandoned utility lines may be in area.
Code 31 shall be used when the operator/locator has determined that no utility lines are in the area of proposed excavation as delineated on the ticket and the operator/locator is aware of the presence of abandoned utility lines in the area of proposed excavation as delineated on the ticket. When the operator/locator has marked facilities that are outside of the area of proposed excavation as delineated on the ticket, in compliance with State Corporation Commission Rule 20VAC5- 309-110 I, the operator/locator shall respond to the excavator – operator information exchange system with Code 31.
32 - No conflict; privately owned utility on property. Contact private utility owner for locate.
Code 32 shall be used when the operator/locator has determined that no utility lines are in the area of proposed excavation as delineated on the ticket and the operator/locator is aware of the presence of private utility lines in the area of proposed excavation as delineated on the ticket. When the operator/locator has marked facilities that are outside of the area of proposed excavation as delineated on the ticket, in compliance with State Corporation Commission Rule 20VAC5- 309-110 I, the operator/locator shall respond to the excavator – operator information exchange system with Code 32.
33 - No conflict; privately owned utility on property. Contact private utility owner for locate. Abandoned utility lines may be in area.
40 - Agreed to a meeting as proposed by excavator.
Code 40 shall be used in response to a meeting notice when the operator/locator agrees to a meeting at the specific time and location proposed by the excavator. The meeting must take place by 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the meeting notice.
41 - Mutually agreed to alternative meeting time and location.
Code 41 shall be used when an operator/locator is unable to attend a meeting as proposed by the excavator. The operator/locator shall set up a mutually agreeable time and location to meet no later than 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the meeting notice. Both excavator and operator/locator are encouraged to document the arrangements.
50 - Installation records, maps or other documents have been provided.
51 - Records or information regarding private sewer laterals have been provided.
When a sewer system operator has provided to the excavator copies of the best reasonably available records regarding the location of private sewer laterals by electronic message, mail, facsimile, or other delivery methods.
If the sewer system operator has no such records, but has notified the excavator of additional information about the location of private sewer laterals.
If the excavation area affects 25 or more private sewer laterals, and the sewer system operator provides records regarding the location of private sewer laterals within 15 working days, or another mutually agreeable time. Both sewer system operator and excavator are encouraged to document the agreement in writing (electronic or paper).
52 - Records regarding private sewer laterals have been provided on an accessible electronic system.
53 - Agreed to an on-site meeting to provide additional information regarding private sewer laterals.
60 - Locator and excavator agreed and documented marking schedule.
Code 60 shall be used when an operator/locator has contacted the excavator and the excavator has agreed to an alternate marking schedule. Operator/locator must document agreement in writing (electronic or paper) to include, at a minimum, full name of excavator representative agreeing to the schedule, the excavator’s phone number, excavator’s signature if possible, reasons for the marking schedule, and date and time of the agreement. The operator/locator must provide the name of the excavator’s representative agreeing to the alternate marking schedule to VA811’s Positive Response System with the use of Code 60.
70 - Critical facility marked. In case of dredging, the approximate horizontal location of the utility line has been identified. Operator must be present during dredging or other forms of excavation or demolition operations.
Code 70 shall only be used when such operations are performed in such proximity to a critical facility that it may be destroyed, damaged, dislocated, or disturbed. If only part of the work area defined on the VA811 Ticket requires the operator’s presence, it shall be the operator’s responsibility to notify the excavator, clearly delineate when the operator’s presence will be required and document in writing (electronic or paper), the notification to include, at a minimum, full name of excavator representative, the excavator’s phone number, excavator’s signature if possible, and the date and time of the notification. When the operator has indicated its presence is required, it shall be the excavator’s responsibility to notify the operator in advance of excavation in that part of the work area, and document in writing (electronic or paper), the notification to include, at a minimum, full name of operator representative, the operator’s phone number, operator’s signature if possible, and date and time of the notification to the operator. In the case of dredging, an acceptable means of identifying and or marking the approximate horizontal location of the underground utility line must be determined and that information must be provided to the person intending to dredge. For other forms of excavation or demolition, the underground utility line(s) shall be marked. When an operator/locator responds to a ticket with a Code 70, it shall be the operator/locator’s responsibility to provide the excavator/dredger with the appropriate name and preferred contact information, i.e. telephone number, facsimile (“Fax”) number, email address and or mailing address, for the excavator/dredger to use to inform the operator of the date and time when the dredging or other forms of excavation operations will commence.
71 - Critical facility not marked; locator or utility operator must contact excavator and must be present during excavation.
Code 71 shall only be used when the operator’s presence is necessary during the excavation due to the fact that the underground utility line is of such importance to national security that marking it in accordance with the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act is not appropriate. The operator must be present during excavation or demolition operations when such operations are performed in such proximity to a critical facility that it may be destroyed, damaged, dislocated, or disturbed. If only part of the work area defined on the VA811 Ticket requires the operator’s presence, it shall be the operator’s responsibility to notify the excavator, clearly delineate when the operator’s presence will be required and document in writing (electronic or paper), the notification to include, at a minimum, full name of excavator representative, the excavator’s phone number, excavator’s signature if possible, and the date and time of the notification. When the operator has indicated its presence is required, it shall be the excavator’s responsibility to notify the operator in advance of excavation in that part of the work area, and document in writing (electronic or paper), the notification to include, at a minimum, full name of operator representative, the operator’s phone number, operator’s signature if possible, and date and time of the notification to the operator. When an operator/locator responds to a ticket with Code 71, it shall be the locator/operator’s responsibility to provide the excavator with the appropriate name and contact information for the excavator to use to inform the operator of the date and time when excavation will commence.
80 - The status of the utility line has been determined to be abandoned.
81 - Mutually agreed to an alternative time to determine if the utility line is abandoned.
Code 81 shall be used when an excavator and operator have negotiated a mutually agreeable time period in excess of 27 hours for the operator to provide information relative to an abandoned utility line if site conditions prohibit the operator from making such a determination or extraordinary circumstances exist. The operator shall notify the excavator of the date and time when the status of the utility line will be determined. However, the deferral to determine the status of the utility line shall be no longer than 96 hours from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following the excavator’s additional notice to the notification center.
82 - The utility line in question does not belong to this operator.
Code 82 shall be used when an operator has determined that the alleged abandoned utility line is not owned by that operator.
90 - Locator could not gain access to property; locator will contact excavator.
When an operator/locator responds to a ticket with Code 90, it shall be the operator/locator’s responsibility to contact and inform the excavator of their inability to gain access to the property to mark the area of excavation. The operator/locator must provide the name of the excavator’s representative that they contacted to VA811’s Positive Response System with the use of Code 90. It shall be the excavator’s responsibility to make the property accessible to the operator/locator and call a new ticket for those operators who initially responded to the ticket with a Code 90, if necessary.
91 - Incorrect address information; please call VA811 and provide correct information.
93 - Scope of work is too large; please call VA811 to reschedule.
94 - Location of proposed work is unclear; please call VA811 and provide the specific location on a new ticket.
96 - No response required from this terminal.
Code 96 shall be used if no response is required from a specific terminal ID code. If an operator has multiple terminal codes that overlap, they may choose to use Code 96 to display that a certain terminal is not responding. If a ticket is cancelled, the operator/locator shall use this code to respond. (VA811 will not post responses on a cancelled ticket to the Positive Response System.) If a ticket is transmitted to an operator/locator’s terminal, but field markings are performed by another person under contract with the operator, Code 96 may be used by the operator/locator to convey that they will not respond. The person responsible for marking the utility line is required* to update to the Positive Response System with the current marking status. Operator/locators are encouraged to document the reason that no response was required.
*In the event that the person responsible for marking the utility line is the same as the person requesting the ticket, an additional response is not required.
97 - Extraordinary circumstances exist.
In addition to the Positive Response Codes entered by VA811’s member operators or their contract locators, the Positive Response System generates the following automated responses when applicable:
000 - No Response.
000 This is an automated place holder generated by VA811’s Positive Response System that indicates the member operator has not yet responded and the ticket’s due by date and time has not yet passed. Once a response is posted by the member operator or the due by date and time has passed, the code is removed.
888 - Ticket Has Been Cancelled.
888 This is an automated response generated by VA811’s Positive Response System when a ticket is cancelled by the person who requested it. Once this response is posted, the system will not accept any further response from any member operator or their contract locator.
999 - Has Not Responded.
999 This is an automated response generated by VA811’s Positive Response System for Normal, Update, Remark, Designer and Meeting tickets immediately after the due by date and time has passed and a member operator or its contract locator has failed to post a response code to the Positive Response System. A “No Show” ticket is transmitted by VA811 to the member operator as the response 999 is posted to the system.
Types of Tickets &
The Damage Prevention Act
The General Assembly passed the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act (“Act”) in 1979. This law may be referred to as the Damage Prevention Act.
The Act was amended in 1989, 1995, 1996, 2002, 2005, and 2010.
The Act addresses stakeholders’ responsibilities to protect and prevent damage to underground utility lines.
The State Corporation Commission (“Commission”) promulgated rules in 1994, in accordance with the Act. The rules were amended in 2001, 2004, 2012, and 2013 to further detail certain standards and requirements for the protection of underground utility lines and conform the rules to the Act as amended.
To Contact the Division, click HERE.
To prevent loss of life, injuries, damage to property and the environment, and economic loss caused by damage to underground utility lines.
To protect from damage thousands of miles of underground utility lines that provide essential services to Virginia citizens and businesses.
This reproduction of the Act, and the Commission’s Rules for Enforcement of the Act is provided solely as a convenience for the persons reading this manual, and not as a legal reference. Persons seeking a legal reference should utilize the Code of Virginia and the Virginia Administrative Code.
§ 56-265.14. Short title.
This chapter may be cited as the “Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act.”
﻿§ 56-265.15. Definitions; calculation of time periods.
“Abandoned” means no longer in service and physically disconnected from a portion of the underground utility line that is in use for storage or conveyance of service.“Commission” means the State Corporation Commission.
“Contract locator” means any person contracted by an operator specifically to determine the approximate horizontal location of the operator’s utility lines that may exist within the area specified by a notice served on a notification center.
“Damage” means any impact upon or removal of support from an underground facility as a result of excavation or demolition which according to the operating practices of the operator would necessitate the repair of such facility.
“Demolish” or “demolition” means any operation by which a structure or mass of material is wrecked, razed, rendered, moved, or removed by means of any tools, equipment, or discharge of explosives which could damage underground utility lines.
“Designer” means any licensed professional designated by the project owner who designs government projects, commercial projects, residential projects consisting of 25 or more units, or industrial projects, which projects require the approval of governmental or regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the project area.
“Emergency” means a sudden or unexpected occurrence involving a clear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.
“Excavate” or “excavation” means any operation in which earth, rock, or other material in the ground is moved, removed, or otherwise displaced by means of any tools, equipment, or explosives and includes, without limitation, grading, trenching, digging, ditching, dredging, drilling, augering, tunneling, scraping, cable or pipe plowing and driving, wrecking, razing, rendering, moving, or removing any structure or mass of material. “Excavate” or “excavation” shall not include installation of a sign that consists of metal, plastic, or wooden poles placed in the ground by hand or by foot without the use of tools or equipment.
“﻿Extraordinary circumstances” means floods, snow, ice storms, tornadoes, earthquakes, or other natural disasters.
“Hand digging” means any excavation involving non mechanized tools or equipment. Hand digging includes, but is not limited to, digging with shovels,picks, and manual post hole diggers, vacuum excavation or soft digging.
“Notification center” means an organization whose membership is open to all operators of underground facilities located within the notification center’s designated service area, which maintains a data base, provided by its member operators, that includes the geographic areas in which its member operators desire transmissions of notices of proposed excavation, and which has the capability to transmit, within one hour of receipt, notices of proposed excavation to member operators by teletype, telecopy, personal computer, or telephone.
“Notify,” “notice” or “notification” means the completed delivery of information to the person to be notified, and the receipt of same by such person in accordance with this chapter. The delivery of information includes, but is not limited to, the use of any electronic or technological means of data transfer.
“Operator” means any person who owns, furnishes or transports materials or services by means of a utility line.
“Person” means any individual, operator, firm, joint venture, partnership, corporation, association, municipality, or other political subdivision, governmental unit, department or agency, and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or personal representative thereof.
“Private sewer lateral” means a privately owned, legally authorized utility line that transports wastewater from one or more buildings to a sewer system utility line owned by a sewer system operator.
“Private water lateral” means a privately owned, legally authorized utility line that supplies water from a water system utility line owned by a water system operator to one or more buildings or properties.
“Sewer system” means a system of utility lines used for conveying wastewater, and includes sewer system laterals but does not include private sewer laterals.
“Sewer system lateral” means a lateral utility line located in the public right-of- way or public sewer easement, owned by a sewer system operator, and used to transport wastewater to the operator’s main sewer line.
“Sewer system operator” means an operator of a sewer system.
“Soft digging” means any excavation using tools or equipment that utilize air or water pressure as the direct means to break up soil or earth for removal by vacuum excavation.
“Special project notice” means a valid notice to the notification center by an excavator covering a specific, unique or long-term project.
“Utility line” means any item of public or private property which is buried or placed below ground or submerged for use in connection with the storage or conveyance of water, sewage, telecommunications, electric energy, cable television, oil, petroleum products, gas, or other substance, and includes but is not limited to pipes, sewers, combination storm/sanitary sewer systems, conduits, cables, valves, lines, wires, manholes, attachments, and those portions of poles below ground. The term “sewage” as used herein does not include any gravity storm drainage systems. Except for any publicly owned gravity sewer system within a county which has adopted the urban county executive form of government, the term “utility line” does not include any gravity sewer system or any combination gravity storm/sanitary sewer system within any counties, cities, towns or political subdivisions constructed or replaced prior to January 1, 1995. No excavator shall be held liable for the cost to repair damage to any such systems constructed or replaced prior to January 1, 1995, unless such systems are located in accordance with § 56-265.19.
“Water system” means a system of utility lines used for supplying water, and does not include private water laterals.
“Water system operator” means an operator of a water system.
“Willful” means an act done intentionally, knowingly, and purposely, without justifiable excuse, as distinguished from an act done carelessly, thoughtlessly, heedlessly or inadvertently.
“Working day” means every day, except Saturdays, Sundays, and legal state and national holidays. Unless otherwise specified, all time periods used in this chapter shall be calculated from the time of the original notification to the notification center as provided in § 56-265.17. In addition, all time periods exclude Saturdays, Sundays, and legal state and national holidays.
﻿§ 56-265.15:1. Exemptions; routine maintenance.
1. Any hand digging performed by an owner or occupant of a property.
2. The tilling of soil for agricultural purposes.
3. Any excavation done by a railroad when the excavation is made entirely on the land which the railroad owns and on which the railroad operates, provided there is no encroachment on any operator’s rights-of-way or easements.
4. An excavation or demolition during an emergency, as defined in § 56-265.15 provided all reasonable precaution has been taken to protect the underground utility lines.
In the case of the state highway systems or streets and roads maintained by political subdivisions, officials of the Department of Transportation or the political subdivision where the use of such highways, roads, streets or other public way is impaired by an unforeseen occurrence shall determine the necessity of repair beginning immediately after the occurrence.
5. Any excavation for routine pavement maintenance, including patch type paving or the milling of pavement surfaces, upon the paved portion of any street, road, or highway of the Commonwealth provided that any such excavation does not exceed a depth of twelve inches (0.3 meter).
6. Any excavation for the purpose of mining pursuant to and in accordance with the requirements of a permit issued by the Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy.
7. Any hand digging performed by an operator to locate the operator’s utility lines in response to a notice of excavation from the notification center, provided all reasonable precaution has been taken to protect the underground utility lines.
8. Any installation of a sign that does not involve excavation as defined in § 56-265.15.
§ 56-265.16. Repealed by Acts 1989, c. 448, effective July 1, 1990.
§ 56-265.16.1. Operators to join notification centers; certification.
A.Every operator, including counties, cities and towns, but excluding the Department of Transportation, having the right to bury underground utility lines shall join the notification center for the area.
B.Every notification center shall be certified by the Commission. The Commission shall determine the optimum number of notification centers in the Commonwealth. If the Commission determines that there shall be more than one notification center in the Commonwealth, it shall define the geographic area to be served by each notification center.
C.Any corporation desiring to serve as the notification center for an area of the Commonwealth may apply to the Commission to be certified as the notification center for that area. The Commission shall have authority to grant, amend, or revoke certificates under regulations promulgated relating to certification. An application for certification shall include such information as the Commission may reasonably require addressing the applicant’s operational plan for the notification center.
D.Every Commission action regarding the optimum number of notification centers, the geographic area to be served by each notification center, the promulgation of notification center certification regulations, and the grant, amendment, or revocation of notification center certifications shall be made in furtherance of the purpose of preventing or mitigating loss of, or damage to, life, health, property or essential public services resulting from damage to underground utility lines. Any action by the Commission to approve or revoke any notification center certification shall:
1. Ensure protection for the public from the hazards that this chapter is intended to prevent or mitigate;
2. Ensure that all persons served by the notification center receive an acceptable level of performance, which level shall be maintained throughout the period of the notification center’s certification; and
3. Require the notification center and its agents to demonstrate financial responsibility for any damages that may result from their violation of any provision of this chapter. Such requirement may be met by purchasing and maintaining liability insurance on such terms and in such amount as the Commission deems appropriate.
E.A notification center shall maintain an excavator-operator information exchange system in accordance with notification center certification regulations promulgated by the Commission. The members of a notification center shall be responsible for developing and implementing a public awareness program to ensure that all parties affected by this chapter shall be aware of their responsibilities. There shall be only one notification center certified for each geographic area defined by the Commission.
﻿§ 56-265.17. Notification required prior to excavation or demolition; waiting periods; marking of proposed site.
A.Except as provided in subsection G, no person, including operators, shall make or begin any excavation or demolition without first notifying the notification center for that area. Notice to the notification center shall be deemed to be notice to each operator who is a member of the notification center. The notification center shall provide the excavator with the identity of utilities that will be notified of the proposed excavation or demolition. Except for counties, cities, and towns, an excavator who willfully fails to notify the notification center of proposed excavation or demolition shall be liable to the operator whose facilities are damaged by that excavator, for three times the cost to repair the damaged property, provided the operator is a member of the notification center. The total amount of punitive damages awarded under this section, as distinguished from actual damages, shall not exceed $10,000 in any single cause of action.
B.Except in the case of an emergency as defined in § 56-265.15, the excavator may commence work under one of the following conditions:
1. After waiting forty-eight hours, beginning 7:00 a.m. the next working day following notice to the notification center;
2. At any time, if the excavator confirms that all applicable operators have either marked their underground utility lines or reported that no lines are present in the vicinity of the excavation or demolition. The confirmation shall be obtained by contacting or receiving information from the notification center’s excavator- operator information exchange system; or
3. If informed by the notification center that no operators are to be notified.
If any operator fails to respond to the excavator-operator information exchange system as required by this chapter, the notification center shall re-notify any operator of its failure. This re-notification shall not constitute an exemption from the duties of the operator set forth in § 56-265.19.
C.The excavator shall exercise due care at all times to protect underground utility lines. If, upon arrival at the site of a proposed excavation, the excavator observes clear evidence of the presence of an unmarked utility line in the area of the proposed excavation, the excavator shall not begin excavating until three hours after an additional call is made to the notification center for the area. The operator of any unmarked utility line shall respond within three hours of the excavator’s call to the notification center.
D.The excavator’s notification shall be valid for fifteen working days from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following notice to the notification center. Three working days before the end of the fifteen-working-day period, or at any time when line-location markings on the ground become illegible, the excavator intending to excavate shall contact the notification center and request the re- marking of lines. The operator shall re-mark the lines as soon as possible; however, the re-marking of the lines shall be completed within forty-eight hours from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following the request for the re-mark. Such re-marking shall be valid for an additional fifteen working days from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following notice to the notification center.
E.In the event a specific location of the excavation cannot be given as required by subdivision 2 of § 56-265.18, prior to notifying the notification center pursuant to subsection A of this section, the person proposing to excavate or demolish shall mark the route or boundary of the site of the proposed excavation or demolition by means of white paint, if practical.
F.The extent of the excavator’s proposed work shall be a work area that can be excavated within fifteen working days from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following notice to the notification center. The area covered under each notice shall not exceed one mile.
G.An excavator may request a special project notice from the notification center for the purpose of notifying the operators of the excavator’s desire to enter into an agreement for locating and protecting the operator’s underground utility lines for a specific, unique or long-term project. An excavator using a special project notice shall have complete control over all activities within the project area. The terms and conditions of such agreements must be agreed upon, in writing, by the excavator and the operator before excavation commences. Such agreement and compliance with the terms of the agreement shall constitute an exemption from the requirements of subsections A, B, C, D and E of this section.
﻿§ 56-265.17:1. Notification and procedures for designers.
A.Each designer, who prepares drawings and plans for projects requiring excavation or demolition work, may notify the notification center and provide the center with the information required by § 56-265.18 and the designer’s professional license number.
B.If a designer notifies the notification center to receive underground utility line information in accordance with § 56-265.17:3, the designer shall:
1. Indicate on the construction drawings, the type of underground utility lines, the horizontal location of these lines as provided by the operators, and the names of the operators of these lines;
2. Consider, when designing a project and preparing drawings therefor, the location of existing underground lines so as to minimize damage or interference with the existing facilities;
3. Indicate, on the construction plans or drawings, the designer ticket number and the notification center’s toll-free number; and
4. Request only one designer ticket per project through the notification center at no cost.
﻿§ 56-265.17:2. Procedures for project owners.
The project owner shall provide copies of those portions of the drawings that affect the respective operator with underground utility lines in the project area who have responded in accordance with § 56-265.17:3.
﻿§ 56-265.17:3. Procedures for operators in response to a designer notice.
An operator, upon notification by a designer in accordance with § 56-265.17:1, shall:
1. Respond to the designer’s request for underground utility line information within fifteen working days in accordance with subdivisions 2, 3, and 4 of this section;
2. Provide designers with the operator’s name, the type of underground utility line, and the approximate horizontal location of the utility line. The foregoing information may be provided to the designer through the means that include, but are not limited to, field locates, maps, surveys, installation records or other means. If the designer requests field locates, the operator shall provide field locates in accordance with the accuracy set forth in subsection A of § 56-265.19. Marking shall be done by both paint and flags whenever possible;
3. Provide such information about the location of the utility lines to designers for informational purposes only. Operators will not be liable for any incorrect information provided or for the subsequent use of this information, nor will they be subject to civil penalties for the accuracy of the information or marks provided. Any concerns about the accuracy of information or marks should be directed to the appropriate operator; and
4. Respond to the operator-excavator information exchange system by no later than 7:00 a.m. on the sixteenth working day following the designer’s notice to the notification center.
﻿§ 56-265.18. Notification requirements.
Every notice served by any person on a notification center shall contain the following information:
1. The name of the individual serving such notice.
2. The specific location of the proposed work. In the event a specific description of the location of the excavation cannot be given, the person proposing to excavate or demolish shall comply with subsection E of § 56-265.17.
3. The name, address, telephone number, and telefacsimile number if available, of the excavator or demolisher, to whom notification can be given.
4. The excavator’s or demolisher’s field telephone number, if one is available.
5. The type and extent of the proposed work.
6. The name of the person for whom the proposed work is being performed.
﻿§ 56-265.19. Duties of operator; regulations.
A.If a proposed excavation or demolition is planned in such proximity to the underground utility line that the utility line may be destroyed, damaged, dislocated, or disturbed, the operator shall mark the approximate horizontal location of the underground utility line on the ground to within two feet of either side of the underground utility line by means of stakes, paint, flags, or a combination thereof. The operator shall mark the underground utility line and report the marking status to the excavator-operator information exchange system by no later than 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the excavator’s notice to the notification center, unless the operator is unable to do so due to extraordinary circumstances. If the operator is unable to mark the location within the time allowed under this section due to extraordinary circumstances, the operator shall notify directly the person who proposes to excavate or demolish and shall, in addition, notify the person of the date and time when the location will be marked. The deferral to mark for extraordinary circumstances shall be no longer than ninety-six hours from 7:00 a.m. on the next working day following notice to the notification center, unless a longer time is otherwise agreed upon by the operator and excavator. The operator shall also inform the notification center of any deferral.
B.If a proposed excavation or demolition is not planned in such proximity to the operator’s underground utility lines that the utility line may be damaged, the operator shall so report to the notification center’s excavator-operator information exchange system no later than 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the excavator’s notice to the notification center.
C.An operator shall participate in all pre-planning and pre-construction meetings originated by state, county or municipal authorities relating to proposed construction projects which may affect the operator’s existing or future utility lines and shall cooperate in implementing decisions reached in such pre-planning and pre-construction meetings.
D.Any contract locator acting on behalf of an operator and failing to perform the duties imposed by this chapter shall be subject to the liabilities in § 56-265.25 and the civil penalties in § 56-265.32.
E.Locators shall be trained in applicable locating industry standards and practices no less stringent than the National Utility Locating Contractors Association’s locator training standards and practices. Each locator’s training shall be documented. Such documents shall be maintained by the operator or contract locator.
F.The Commission shall be authorized to adopt regulations designating: (i) letters for each operator to be used in conjunction with marking of underground utility lines, and (ii) symbols for marking of underground utility lines, in compliance with subsection B (sic) [2] of § 56-265.17:3. Such letter designation and marking symbols shall be in accordance with industry standards.
G.For underground utility lines abandoned after July 1, 2002, operators shall make a reasonable attempt to keep records of these abandoned utility lines, excluding service lines connected to a single-family dwelling unit. When an operator has knowledge that the operator’s abandoned utility lines may be present within the area of the proposed excavation, the operator shall provide a response to the excavator-operator information exchange system. Such information regarding abandoned lines shall be for informational purposes only. An operator shall not be liable to any person, or subject to civil penalties, as a result of the operator’s providing incorrect information regarding abandoned lines or the subsequent use of such information. The excavator-operator information exchange system may refer any person with concerns about the accuracy of information regarding abandoned lines to the appropriate operator.
H.An operator shall respond to an emergency notice as soon as possible but no later than three hours from the excavator’s call to the notification center.
﻿§ 56-265.19:1. Private sewer laterals and sewer system laterals.
A.Notwithstanding any provision of this chapter to the contrary, the protection of sewer system laterals and private sewer laterals shall be implemented as provided in this section. When an excavation is to take place within a public right-of-way or public sewer easement, the sewer system operator shall exercise reasonable care to mark the approximate horizontal location of sewer system laterals within the public right-of-way or public sewer easement as provided in § 56-265.19.
B.When (i) an excavation is to take place outside the public right-of-way or public sewer easement, (ii) the excavation involves the installation or maintenance of gas or electric utility lines by trenchless technology, (iii) the potential for a conflict with a sewer lateral exists, and (iv) sewer system laterals are located in the public right-of-way:
C.When (i) an excavation is to take place within or outside the public right-of-way or public sewer easement, (ii) the excavation involves the installation or maintenance of gas or electric utility lines by trenchless technology, (iii) the potential for a conflict with a sewer lateral exists, and (iv) private sewer laterals are located in the public right-of-way or easement:
a. Provide copies of the best reasonably available records regarding the location of the private sewer laterals by electronic message, mail, facsimile, or other delivery method. If an excavation affects 25 or more private sewer laterals, the sewer system operator’s response shall be in accordance with the timelines set forth in § 56-265.17:3. If the provision of records required by this subsection imposes an unreasonable burden or substantial cost upon a sewer system operator, the excavator and the sewer system operator shall endeavor in good faith to reach an agreement to provide the sewer system operator with additional time to provide the records or any other mutually agreeable accommodation.
D.Sewer system operators shall mark utility lines, other than sewer system laterals and private sewer laterals, as provided by other sections of this chapter.
E.Water system operators shall mark water system utility lines as provided by other sections of this chapter, except that a water system operator shall not be responsible for marking private water laterals.
F.Records regarding the location of private sewer laterals provided on the Internet or otherwise made accessible by an electronic system pursuant to subdivision C 1 b shall also be accessible to other public utilities and cable operators or excavators working on their behalf for purposes of compliance with this chapter.
G.In all excavations, the excavator shall exercise reasonable care to protect underground utility lines.
§ 56-265.20. Repealed by Acts 1994, c. 890, effective January 1, 1995.
﻿§ 56-265.20:1. Locating nonmetallic underground utility lines.
Notwithstanding the provisions of § 56-257.1, any plastic or other nonmetallic utility lines installed underground on and after July 1, 2002, shall be installed in such a manner as to be locatable by the operator for the purposes of this chapter.
﻿§ 56-265.21. Marking by color.
In marking the approximate location of underground utility lines or proposed excavation if required pursuant to subsection E of § 56-265.17 the American Public Works Association color codes shall be used.
﻿§ 56-265.22. Duties of notification center upon notification by person intending to excavate; record of notification made by telephone required.
A.The notification center shall, upon receiving notice by a person, notify all member operators whose underground lines are located in the area of the proposed project, excavation or demolition. The notification center shall also indicate the names of those operators being notified to the person providing notice.
B.If the notification required by this chapter is made by telephone, a record of such notification shall be maintained by the operators or notification center notified to document compliance with the requirements of this chapter, and such records shall be maintained in compliance with the applicable statute of limitations.
C.The notification center shall notify excavators, within the time frame allowed by the law to mark underground utility lines, of any responses placed on the excavator-operator information exchange system by a locator. Such notification shall occur by facsimile or other mutually acceptable means of automatically transmitting and receiving this information. If the excavator cannot provide the notification center with a facsimile number or other mutually acceptable means of automatically transmitting and receiving this information, it shall be the excavator’s responsibility to contact the excavator- operator information exchange system after the period allowed by law to mark underground facilities and prior to commencing excavation in order to determine if any responses to the notice have been recorded.
﻿§ 56-265.22:1. Meetings between excavators and operators.
A.Any person planning excavation or demolition in such proximity to the underground utility lines that the utility lines may be destroyed, damaged, dislocated, or disturbed may request a meeting with the operator whose underground utility lines are located in the area of the proposed excavation or demolition to discuss the marking of such lines. The project requiring excavation shall be of sufficient complexity to require a pre-marking meeting. The meeting notice shall include all information required by § 56-265.18 and a specific time and location for the meeting.
B.The notification center shall, upon receiving a meeting notice, notify all member operators whose underground utility lines are located in the area of the proposed excavation or demolition. The notification center shall provide to the excavator the names of those operators being notified of the meeting.
C.The operators notified by the notification center shall meet with the excavator by 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the excavator’s meeting notice. If an operator does not agree to the excavator’s suggested time and location, the operator shall set up a mutually agreeable time and location to meet no later than 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the meeting notice.
D.The excavator’s meeting notice shall not be the notice to excavate required under § 56-265.17. The notice to excavate required under § 56-265.17 for the project shall not be submitted to the notification center until after the meeting referenced in subsection A of this section has occurred, or after 7:00 a.m. on the third working day following the meeting notice.
﻿§ 56-265.23. Exemption for roadway maintenance operations by the Virginia Department of Transportation and certain counties, cities, and towns.
Employees of the Virginia Department of Transportation acting within the scope of their employment, and certain employees of those counties, cities, and towns which maintain their streets or roads in accordance with § 33.1-23.5:1 or § 33.1-41.1 performing street or roadway maintenance operations and acting within the scope of their employment, excavating entirely within the right-of-way of a public road, street or highway of the Commonwealth shall not be required to comply with the provisions of this chapter if reasonable care is taken to protect the utility lines placed in the right-of-way by permit and if they:
﻿§ 56-265.24. Duties of excavator.
A.Any person excavating within two feet on either side of the staked or marked location of an operator’s underground utility line or demolishing in such proximity to an underground utility line that the utility line may be destroyed, damaged, dislocated or disturbed shall take all reasonable steps necessary to properly protect, support and backfill underground utility lines. For excavations not parallel to an existing underground utility line, such steps shall include, but may not be limited to:
3. Protecting the exposed utility lines from damage.
In addition, for excavations parallel to an existing utility line, such steps shall include, but may not be limited to, hand digging at reasonable distances along the line of excavation. The excavator shall exercise due care at all times to protect underground utility lines when exposing these lines by hand digging.
B.If the markings locating the underground lines become illegible due to time, weather, construction, or any other cause, the person performing the excavation or demolition shall so notify the notification center for the area. Such notification shall constitute an extension under subsection D of § 56-265.17.
C.If, upon arrival at the site of a proposed excavation, the excavator observes clear evidence of the presence of an unmarked utility line in the area of the proposed excavation, the excavator shall not begin excavating until an additional call is made to the notification center for the area pursuant to subsection B (sic) [C] of § 56-265.17.
D.In the event of any damage to, or dislocation, or disturbance of any underground utility line including its appurtenances, covering, and coating, in connection with any excavation or demolition, the person responsible for the excavation or demolition operations shall immediately notify the operator of the underground utility line and shall not backfill around the underground utility line until the operator has repaired the damage or has given clearance to backfill. The operator shall either commence repair of the damage or give clearance to backfill within twenty-four hours, and upon his failure to commence or prosecute with diligence such repair or give clearance, the giving of clearance shall be presumed.
E.If the damage, dislocation, or disturbance of the underground utility line creates an emergency, the person responsible for the excavation or demolition shall, in addition to complying with subsection D of this section, take immediate steps reasonably calculated to safeguard life, health and property.
F.With the exception of designers requesting marking of a site, in accordance with § 56-265.17, no person, including operators, shall request marking of a site through a notification center unless excavation shall commence within thirty working days from the date of the original notification to the notification center. Except for counties, cities, and towns, any person who willfully fails to comply with this subsection shall be liable to the operator for three times the cost of marking its utility line, not to exceed $1,000.
H.If an excavator discovers an unmarked line, the excavator shall protect this line pursuant to subsection C of this section. An excavator shall not remove an abandoned line without first receiving authorization to do so by the operator.
﻿§ 56-265.25. Liability of operator and excavator; penalties.
1. If any underground utility line is damaged as a proximate result of a person’s failure to comply with any provision of this chapter, that person shall be liable to the operator of the underground utility line for the total cost to repair the damaged facilities as that cost is normally computed by the operator, provided the operator is a member of the notification center covering the area in which the damage to the utility line takes place. The liability of such a person for such damage shall not be limited by reason of this chapter.
2. Any person who willfully fails to notify the notification center of proposed excavation or demolition shall be liable to the operator as provided in subsection A of § 56-265.17.
3. If, after receiving proper notice, an operator fails to discharge a duty imposed by any provision of this chapter and an underground utility line of such operator is damaged, as a proximate result of the operator’s failure to discharge such duty, by any person who has complied with all of the provisions of this chapter, such person shall not be so liable.
B.If an underground utility line of an operator is damaged, as the proximate result of the operator’s failure to comply with any provision of this chapter, by any person who has complied with the provisions of this chapter, the operator shall be liable to such person for the total cost to repair any damage to the equipment or facilities of such person resulting from such damage to the operator’s underground utility line.
C.Except as specifically set forth herein, the provisions of this chapter shall not be construed to either abrogate any rights, duties, or remedies existing under law or create any rights, duties, defenses, or remedies in addition to any rights, duties, or remedies existing under law.
﻿§ 56-265.26. Repealed by Acts 1994, c. 890, effective January 1, 1995.
﻿§ 56-265.26:1. Utility line depth requirement.
Every operator having the right to install underground utility lines shall install such underground utility lines at depths required by accepted industry standards. Such standards shall include, as applicable, standards established by the National Electrical Safety Code, Bellcore Blue Book-Manual of Contractor’s Procedures, the Commission’s pipeline safety regulations, the Department of Health’s waterworks regulations, and the depth standards of the Virginia Cable Telecommunications Association, which shall be established in consultation with the State Corporation Commission no later than July 1, 2002.
§ 56-265.27. Not set out.
﻿§ 56-265.28. Sovereign immunity.
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to abrogate the immunity from suit accruing to the Commonwealth, her political subdivisions, agencies, officers or employees, or the officers or employees of her political subdivisions and agencies, as exists prior to July 1, 1980.
﻿§ 56-265.29. Other similar laws.
Compliance with the provisions of this chapter shall not exempt any operator or person from the operation of any other applicable laws, ordinances, regulations, or rules of governmental and regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, unless exempted by such other laws, ordinances, regulations, or rules as a result of such compliance.
﻿§ 56-265.30. Authority of the State Corporation Commission.
A.The Commission shall enforce the provisions of the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act as set out in this chapter. The Commission may promulgate any rules or regulations necessary to implement the Commission’s authority to enforce this chapter.
B.Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize the Commission to promulgate any rules or regulations pursuant to its authority to enforce this chapter that require any person, other than jurisdictional gas or hazardous liquid operators, to report to the Commission any probable violation of this chapter or any incident involving damage, dislocation or disturbance of any utility line.
﻿§ 56-265.31. Commission to establish advisory committee.
A.The Commission shall establish an advisory committee consisting of representatives of the following entities: Commission staff, utility operator, notification center, excavator, municipality, Virginia Department of Transportation, Board for Contractors, and underground line locator. Persons appointed to the advisory committee by the Commission shall have expertise with the operation of the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act. The advisory committee shall perform duties which may be assigned by the Commission, including the review of reports of violations of the chapter, and make recommendations to the Commission.
B.The members of the advisory committee shall be immune, individually and jointly, from civil liability for any act or omission done or made in performance of their duties while serving as members of such advisory committee, but only in the absence of willful misconduct.
﻿§ 56-265.32. Commission to impose civil penalties for certain violations; establishment of Underground Utility Damage Prevention Special Fund.
A.The Commission may, by judgment entered after a hearing on notice duly served on any person not less than 30 days before the date of the hearing, impose a civil penalty not exceeding $2,500 for each violation, if it is proved that the person violated any of the provisions of this chapter as a result of a failure to exercise reasonable care. Any proceeding or civil penalty undertaken pursuant to this section shall not prevent nor preempt the right of any party to obtain civil damages for personal injury or property damage in private causes of action. This subsection shall not authorize the Commission to impose civil penalties on any county, city or town. However, the Commission shall inform the counties, cities and towns of reports of alleged violations involving the locality and, at the request of the locality, suggest corrective action.
B.If the Commission asserts there is recurring noncompliance with any of the provisions of this chapter by a county, city, town, or other political subdivision, the Commission, upon written notice to the chairman of such operator’s board or, in the case of a city or town, the mayor of such operator’s council, and to such operator’s chief executive officer, may require a written response by such person or his designee. Such response shall be made within 30 days of the operator’s receipt of written notice from the Commission. The response shall confirm that the operator will comply promptly or explain why it disputes any assertion by the Commission of noncompliance. If the operator is not able to return to compliance promptly, the operator shall describe its plan to achieve compliance in a corrective action plan to be submitted to the Commission no later than 60 days after the receipt of the written notice. Following submittal of a corrective action plan, the Commission may convene a hearing for the purpose of receiving additional evidence, determining whether noncompliance has occurred, and determining further suggested corrective action. The Commission may also convene such a hearing if the operator fails to provide a written response or a corrective action plan as required by this subsection, or provides a response that disputes the Commission’s assertions. Nothing in this section shall limit the Commission’s powers under this chapter with respect to persons who are not counties, cities, towns, or political subdivisions of the Commonwealth.
C.The Underground Utility Damage Prevention Special Fund (hereinafter referred to as “Special Fund”) is hereby established as a revolving fund to be used by the Commission for administering the regulatory program authorized by this chapter. The Special Fund shall be composed entirely of funds generated by the enforcement of this chapter. Excess funds shall be used to support any one or more of the following: (i) public awareness programs established by a notification center pursuant to subsection B of § 56-265.16:1; (ii) training and education programs for excavators, operators, line locators, and other persons; and (iii) programs providing incentives for excavators, operators, line locators, and other persons to reduce the number and severity of violations of the Act. The Commission shall determine the appropriate allocation of any excess funds among such programs, and shall establish required elements for any program established under clause (ii) or (iii).
D. All civil penalties collected pursuant to this section shall be deposited into the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Special Fund. Interest earned on the fund shall be credited to the Special Fund. The Special Fund shall be established on the books of the Commission comptroller and any funds remaining in the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Special Fund at the end of the fiscal year shall not revert to the general fund, but shall remain in the Special Fund.
SCC’s Rules for Enforcement of the Act
﻿20VAC5-309-10. Purpose.
These rules delineate procedures used by the State Corporation Commission (commission) to enforce the provisions of Chapter 10.3 (§ 56-265.14 et seq.) of Title 56 of the Code of Virginia, also known as the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act (Act). The rules further detail certain standards and requirements for the protection of underground utility lines to facilitate the commission’s enforcement of the Act.
﻿20VAC5-309-15. Definitions.
“Act” means the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act (Chapter 10.3 (§ 56-265.14 et seq.) of Title 56 of the Code of Virginia).
﻿“Clear evidence” as used in § 56-265.24 C of the Code of Virginia shall include, but is not limited to, visual evidence of an unmarked utility line, knowledge of the presence of a utility line, or faded marks from previous marking of a utility line.
﻿“Division” means the State Corporation Commission’s Division of Utility and Railroad Safety.
﻿“GPS” means global positioning system.
﻿“Installation records of a utility line” means maps, drawings, diagram, sketches, or any other depictions or descriptions of an underground utility line that reflect the location at the time of installation in a reasonably accurate manner.
﻿“Locate” or “marking” means an operator’s or its contract locator’s markings of an underground utility line.
﻿“Serious impact on public health” means any condition involving a water or sewer utility line that creates, or may create, a danger to the health and well being of the public.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-20. Report of probable violations.
Any person, as defined in § 56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia, may report probable violations of Chapter 10.3 of Title 56 to the State Corporation Commission, Division of Utility and Railroad Safety (division). The reports of probable violations may be submitted to the division in writing, by phone, fax, email, or in person. All written reports of probable violations shall include the information requested on SCC Form DPA-1, if available. All probable violations shall be reported to the division within 30 days of a person becoming aware of the circumstances constituting the probable violations.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-30. Commission staff investigation of probable violations.
﻿Upon receipt of a report of a probable violation, the Commission staff (“staff”) shall conduct an investigation to examine all the relevant facts regarding the reported probable violation. The investigation may include, among other things, records verification, informal meetings, teleconferences, and photo- documentation. Responses to reports of probable violations may be provided to the division in writing, by phone, fax, e-mail or in person. Upon completion of the investigation, the staff shall review its findings and recommendations with the Advisory Committee established in accordance with § 56-265.31 of the Act.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-40. Advisory Committee review of probable violations.
﻿A.The Advisory Committee (committee), established by the commission, shall meet on a periodic basis to review probable violations of the Act and the staff’s findings and recommendations relative to such violations. Upon determination of either the staff or the committee that a violation may have occurred, and that an enforcement action is required, the staff shall take one or more of the following actions:
﻿1. Issue a warning letter to the person alleged to have committed the violation (respondent);
﻿2. Issue an information letter to a county, city, or town alleged to have committed the violation;
4. Request the issuance of a “Rule to Show Cause” order pursuant to 5VAC5-20-90 of the commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure.
﻿B.In the event that the staff but not the committee recommends enforcement action against a probable violator, not withstanding 20VAC5-309-40 A 3, the staff may not pursue a settlement with the probable violator absent the initiation of a rule to show cause. As part of its request for a rule to show cause, staff shall report to the commission the committee’s recommendations and reason or reasons for the committee’s recommendations.
﻿C.As soon as practicable after its establishment, the committee shall develop and implement a set of bylaws. These bylaws shall delineate the committee’s practice and procedures relative to performing the duties assigned by the commission, including the review of probable violations of the Act.
﻿D.If deemed necessary, the committee shall establish one or more subcommittees of experts in the operations covered by the Act. These subcommittees shall assist the committee in performing its assigned duties.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-50. Commission action.
﻿A.The commission may accept or reject a proposed settlement to resolve probable violations of the Act. If the commission rejects a proposed settlement, a public hearing will be scheduled to receive evidence and take appropriate enforcement action as provided by the commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure (5VAC5-20-10 et seq.).
B.If the commission finds, after a hearing, that a violation has occurred or is continuing, it may issue a remedial order. The remedial order may direct the party or parties to take any action which is consistent with such party’s or parties’ obligations under the Act, including the payment of a civil penalty as provided by § 56-265.32 of the Code of Virginia. A remedial order issued by the commission under this section shall be effective upon issuance, in accordance with its terms, unless stayed, suspended, modified or rescinded.
﻿C.If the commission finds that a violation has occurred or is continuing and presents an immediate potential danger to life, health, property, or essential public service, the commission may issue a temporary injunction and schedule a hearing and require the respondent to show cause why it should not be enjoined on account of the alleged violation or violations of the Act.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-60. Civil penalties.
﻿A.In determining the amount of any civil penalty included in a settlement, the nature, circumstances and gravity of the violation; the degree of the respondent’s culpability; the respondent’s history of prior offenses; and such other factors as may be appropriate shall be considered.
﻿B.The respondent shall pay a civil penalty that has been assessed or compromised by submitting to the division a certified check made payable to the Treasurer of Virginia in the correct amount. All such penalties shall be deposited in the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Special Fund and shall be used for administering the regulatory program authorized by the Act. Any excess funds shall be used for public awareness programs established pursuant to subsection B of § 56-265.16:1 of the Code of Virginia.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-70. Petition for reconsideration.
Any person subject to an order from the Virginia State Corporation Commission may petition the commission for reconsideration of its order under 5VAC5-20-220 of the commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure.
﻿﻿﻿20VAC5-309-90. Emergency excavation or demolition.
﻿A.No person shall serve an emergency notice on the notification center unless the work to be performed is in response to an “emergency,” as the term is defined in § 56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia.
﻿B.When excavation or demolition is required during an emergency as defined in § 56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia, all reasonable precautions shall be taken to protect underground utility lines that may be located at the site of the excavation. These precautions shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
﻿1. Dispatched personnel or crews responding to the emergency shall notify the notification center and request an emergency locate of the underground utility lines at the earliest reasonable opportunity;
﻿2. After arriving at the site, the person responding to the emergency shall determine the need for immediate action;
﻿3. If immediate action is required, all reasonable precautions shall be taken to protect the underground utility lines. These actions shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
﻿a. Conduct a thorough site assessment to determine the location of underground utility lines;
﻿b. Locate the underground utility lines with acceptable equipment, if possible;
﻿c. Hand dig around the underground utility lines;
﻿20VAC5-309-100. Marking of underground utility lines.
﻿All markings shall, at a minimum, conform with the requirements of this part.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-110. General marking requirements.
﻿A.All markings shall be suitable for their intended purpose for a period of 15 working days beginning at 7 a.m. on the next working day following notice by the excavator to the notification center.
﻿B.Markings shall be made at sufficient intervals to clearly indicate the approximate horizontal location and direction of the underground utility line. However, the distance between any two marks indicating the same utility line shall not exceed 20 feet. Site conditions or directional changes of the underground utility line shall be considered to determine the need for shorter distance between marks.
﻿C.Markings of underground utility lines shall be by means of stakes, paint, flags, or combination thereof. The terrain, site conditions, and the type and extent of the proposed excavation shall be considered to determine the most suitable means to mark underground utility lines.
﻿D.Paint marks shall be approximately 8 to 10 inches in length and one to two inches in width except when “spot” marking is necessary.
E.A minimum of three separate marks shall be made for each underground utility line marking.
F.Valve box covers that are at grade and visible shall be marked with the appropriate color in accordance with the Act.
﻿G.If in the process of marking an underground utility line, a customer-owned underground utility line of the same type is discovered, the operator or its contract locator shall make a reasonable effort to contact the excavator or the customer to advise of the presence of the line.
﻿H.Where the proposed excavation crosses an underground utility line, markings shall be at intervals that clearly define the route of the underground line.
﻿I.All markings shall extend if practical, a reasonable distance beyond the boundaries of the specific location of the proposed work as detailed on the ticket.
﻿J.If the use of line marking is considered damaging to property (driveways, landscaping, historic locations to the extent boundaries are known), “spot” marking or other suitable marking methods shall be used.
﻿K.Markings shall be valid for an excavation site for 15 working days beginning at 7 a.m. on the next working day following notice to the notification center by the excavator or until one of the following events occurs:
﻿1. The markings become faded, illegible or destroyed; or
﻿2. If the markings were placed in response to an emergency and the emergency condition has ceased to exist.
﻿L.Where permitted by the operator’s records, all utility lines of the same type in the same trench owned by the same operator shall be marked individually or by a single mark. If a single mark is used, the number of the utility lines shall be indicated at every other mark.
M.Operators or their contract locators shall use all information necessary to mark their facilities accurately.
﻿N. Markings of an underground pipeline greater than 12 inches in nominal outside dimension shall include the size in inches at every other mark.
﻿O.Duct structures and conduit systems shall be marked with line markings indicating the approximate outer dimensions of the duct structure or conduit system and a solid closed circle over the approximate center of the duct structure or conduit system.
﻿P.In areas where marks would be destroyed, such as high traffic areas, gravel areas, dirt areas, or where surface conditions are such that the placement of marks directly over the utility line is not possible, offset markings shall be used. The offset marks shall be placed on a permanent surface, which is not likely to be destroyed. Offset marks shall include a line marking placed parallel to the underground utility line and an arrow, pointing in the direction of the utility line, with the distance in feet and inches to the location of the utility line shown on the right side of the arrow and size, material type, and the operator’s letter designation information on the left side of the arrow. When possible, offset marks shall be used in conjunction with locate marks placed in accordance with the Act.
﻿Q.The assigned letter designations for each operator to be used in conjunction with markings of underground utility lines shall be the same as those assigned by the notification center certified for a geographic area, subject to the review of the same and approval of such designations in writing by the advisory committee. Such approved designations by the advisory committee shall be deemed final unless appealed to the commission within 30 days of the advisory committee’s written evidence of approval. Operators wishing to appeal the letter designations assigned in accordance with this section may file an appropriate formal pleading with the commission seeking review of the assigned letter designation within 30 days of the issuance of the written approval of the advisory committee.
R.The symbols for marking of underground utility lines in compliance with § 56-265.19 F (ii) of the Act shall be the same as those placed in response to a notice of proposed excavation or demolition.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-120. Notification of clear evidence.
﻿No person shall serve a notice on the notification center regarding clear evidence of the presence of an unmarked utility line pursuant to § 56-265.24 C of the Code of Virginia unless (i) the excavator has previously notified the notification center of the proposed excavation pursuant to § 56-265.17 A of the Code of Virginia, (ii) the excavator has complied with the requirements of 20VAC5-309-180, and (iii) the excavator has observed clear evidence of the presence of an unmarked utility line in the area of the proposed excavation.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-130. Notification center data update.
﻿Every operator required by § 56-265.16:1 A of the Code of Virginia to join the notification center shall provide to the notification center data that will allow proper notification to the operator of excavation near the operator’s utility lines. This data shall be provided as soon as possible, but no later than 15 days after an operator installs or acquires underground facilities it had not previously identified to the notification center. In the case of sanitary sewers, the data shall be provided no later than 15 days after the utility line is accepted by the operator.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-140. Excavator’s responsibilities to avoid damage, dislocating or disturbances of utility lines.
﻿Any person excavating around underground utility lines shall take all reasonable steps to protect such utility lines. These steps shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. The excavator shall plan the excavation in such a manner to avoid damage to, and minimize interference with, underground utility lines in and near the construction area; construction area;
﻿2. The excavator shall expose the underground utility line to its extremities by hand digging within the excavation area when excavation is expected to come within two feet of the marked location of the underground utility line;
﻿3. The excavator shall not utilize mechanized equipment within two feet of the extremities of all exposed utility lines;
﻿4. The excavator shall maintain a reasonable clearance, to include the width of the utility line, if known, plus 24 inches, between the marked or staked location of an underground utility line and the cutting edge or point of any mechanized equipment, considering the known limit of control of the cutting edge or point to avoid damage to the utility line; and
﻿5. The excavator shall provide proper support for underground utility lines during excavation activities. During backfill operations, the excavator shall use the same or similar backfill material that was originally around the utility line, ensure there is proper compaction around the utility line, protect all tracer wires, and protect or replace warning tapes.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-150. Requirement for trenchless excavation.
﻿Any person conducting trenchless excavation shall take all reasonable steps necessary to protect and support underground utility lines. These steps shall include, but are not limited to the following:
﻿1. The excavator should verify that all utility lines in the area are marked;
﻿3.When grounding rods are used, the excavator shall ensure that they are installed at a safe distance (at least 24 inches plus the width of the utility line, if known) away from the marked or staked location of utility lines;
﻿4. The excavator shall ensure sufficient clearance is maintained between the bore path and any underground utility lines during pullback;
﻿5. The excavator shall give special consideration to water and sewer systems within the area that cannot be located accurately;
﻿6. Unless prohibited by other laws, ordinances, regulations, or rules of governmental and regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, the excavator shall expose all utility lines which will be in the bore path by hand digging to establish the underground utility line’s location prior to commencing bore. For a parallel type bore, unless prohibited by other laws, ordinances, regulations, or rules of governmental and regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, the excavator shall expose the utility line by hand digging at reasonable distances along the bore path;
﻿7. The excavator shall ensure the drill head locating device is functioning properly and within its specification;
﻿8. The excavator shall visually check the drill head as it passes through potholes, entrances, and exit pits; and
9. If the depth indicated by the locating device is lower than the bottom of the pothole or pit, the excavator shall cease boring until the hole/pit can be hand excavated further to maintain a visual inspection of the drill head.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-160. Operator’s responsibilities to maintain accurate records.
﻿The operator shall prepare and maintain reasonably accurate installation records of the underground utility lines installed after July 1, 2001, other than electric, telecommunications, cable TV, water, and sewer underground service lines connected to a single family dwelling unit.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-165. Operator’s responsibilities for abandoned utility lines.
﻿A.Upon receipt of an additional notice to the notification center pursuant to § 56-265.24 C of the Code of Virginia, if the operator determines that an abandoned utility line exists, the operator shall provide the status of the utility line to the excavator within 27 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays, from the time the excavator makes the additional notice to the notification center. The excavator and operator may negotiate a mutually agreeable time period in excess of 27 hours for the operator to provide such information to the excavator if site conditions prohibit the operator from making such a determination or extraordinary circumstances exist, as defined in § 56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia. If the site conditions prohibit the operator from making such a determination or extraordinary circumstances exist, the operator shall directly notify the person who proposes to excavate or demolish and shall, in addition, notify that person of the date and time when the status of the utility line will be determined. The deferral to determine the status of the utility line shall be no longer than 96 hours from 7 a.m. on the next working day following the excavator’s additional notice to the notification center.
B.The operator shall record and maintain the location information of the abandoned utility line as determined by the operator. Such records need not include abandoned underground electric, telecommunications, cable television, water, and sewer lines connected to a single family dwelling unit.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-170. Responsibility to protect and preserve marking.
﻿Every excavator shall be responsible to reasonably protect and preserve markings from the time the excavator begins work until markings are no longer required for the proper and safe excavation near the utility line.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-180. Excavator site inspection.
﻿Prior to excavation, excavators shall verify they are at the correct location and shall verify locate markings and, to the best of their ability, check for unmarked utility lines. If unmarked utility lines are identified, the excavator shall comply with the requirements of § 56-265.24 C of the Code of Virginia.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-190. Delineating specific location of a proposed excavation or demolition.
﻿A.Any person, as defined in § 56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia, providing notice of a proposed excavation or demolition shall clearly describe the limits of the proposed excavation or demolition with sufficient detail to enable the operators to ascertain the location of the proposed excavation. The specific location of the proposed excavation or demolition may include, but is not limited to:
﻿2. White lining to delineate the area where excavation will take place. For single point excavation, the area shall be marked using dots, dashes, or white flags to show the operators the area of excavation. If utility markings are desired outside a white lined area, the excavator shall provide clear instructions, to include the distance in feet outside the white lined area, to the notification center. For continuous excavations, such as trenching and boring, the excavator shall mark the center line of excavation by the use of dots or dashes. The excavation width, in feet, shall be indicated on either side of the center line in legible figures or noted in the marking instructions given to the notification center.
﻿3. White lining performed by electronic means using aerial imagery. White lining performed by electronic means shall follow the same requirements as listed in subdivision 2 of this subsection.
﻿4. A reference to the two nearest intersecting streets, if available, or driving directions.
B.In the event that a proposed excavation or demolition is planned at a single address at which there is no more than one structure, the area of proposed excavation or demolition may , if geographically feasible, be described by dividing the parcel or property into four quadrants from the perspective of facing the front of the property using the center of the structure as the center point of the four quadrants. If no structure exists on the property, the center of the parcel or property will be used as the center point of the four quadrants. These four quadrants shall be referred to as Front Left, Front Right, Rear Left, and Rear Right. If the proposed area consists only of Front Left and Front Right quadrants, the term “Front” shall be sufficient. If the proposed area of excavation consists only of Rear Left and Rear Right quadrants, the term “Rear” shall be sufficient. If the proposed area of excavation consists only of Front Left and Rear Left quadrants, the term “Left Side” shall be sufficient. If the proposed area of excavation consists only of Front Right and Rear Right quadrants, the term “Right Side” shall be sufficient. If the proposed area of excavation includes three out of the four quadrants, the entire property may be used for the proposed excavation or demolition.
﻿C.If the notice of proposed excavation or demolition does not contain specific location information, the notification center shall suspend the issuance of the notice until specific location information is obtained, except in the case of excavations or demolitions performed during an emergency, as defined in §56-265.15 of the Code of Virginia. The notification center shall issue the emergency notices with as much information as is available to it.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-200. Reporting damage by calling 911.
﻿In the event that damage to an underground utility line results in the escape of any flammable, toxic, hazardous, or corrosive gas or liquid, the excavator shall, in addition to complying with §§ 56-265.24 D and E of the Code of Virginia, promptly report the damage to the appropriate authorities by calling the 911 emergency telephone number.
﻿﻿20VAC5-309-205. Commission authority.
Upon a finding that the public interest so requires, the commission may, upon motion, grant exemptions from any of the provisions of this chapter. The burden of proof shall be upon the movant to demonstrate, by clear and convincing evidence, that such exemption is in the public interest. The commission may, by order, require modification or elimination of any granted exemption no longer required by the public interest.
The Damage Prevention Advisory Committee
Committee Mission: To assist the Commission in furthering Virginia’s underground utility damage prevention program through efforts that include fair and consistent enforcement of the law and effective public education.
§ 56-265.31 Commission to establish advisory committee
A. The Commission shall establish an advisory committee consisting of representatives of the following entities: Commission staff, utility operator, notification center, excavator, municipality, Virginia Department of Transportation, Board for Contractors, and underground line locator. Persons appointed to the advisory committee by the Commission shall have expertise with the operation of the Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act. The advisory committee shall perform duties which may be assigned by the Commission, including the review of reports of violations of the chapter, and make recommendations to the Commission.
The following are the Committee bylaws regarding Damage Prevention:
21. The following applies to Jack and Bore Excavation:
1. When performing jack and bore excavation, the excavator shall take all reasonable steps necessary to protect all underground utility lines.
2. The excavator shall ensure that all personnel are trained and knowledgeable regarding the Act and the Commission’s Rules for Enforcement of the Act.
3. All jack and bore excavations shall be engineered by a Virginia licensed engineering firm.
4. The excavator shall verify the location and depth of all underground utility lines within the bore path by means of hand or soft excavation methods. This may be accomplished by the use of Subsurface Utility Engineering (SUE).
5. Utility operators having utility lines in the excavation area shall be included in the planning and engineering phase of the project involving the jack and bore excavation.
6. If there is any deviation in the approved bore bath due to complications during the excavation process, the excavator shall contact the engineering firm for approval before excavation continues.
7. The excavator shall use jack and bore equipment that incorporates a leveling and guidance system to ensure accuracy in the direction of the bore.
8. The excavator shall not install a casing within two feet of any underground utility line. (June 12, 2013)
﻿22. The Following Applies to the Advisory Committee Policy Regarding Open Trench Excavation Exceeding Four Feet in Depth:
When conducting an open trench excavation not parallel to utility markings, the excavation exceeds four (4) feet in depth, and the excavator does not find the utility line, the excavator must first comply with the provisions of § 56-265.24 C and § 56-265.17 C. When providing the additional notice, the excavator will inform the notification center of the details of the crossing. It shall then be considered that the excavator has taken reasonable care to avoid damage to an underground utility line if the excavator hand digs two (2) feet on either side of the marked location of the existing utility line to a depth of two (2) feet below the final depth of the excavation and does not find the utility line. Upon receipt of the excavator’s additional notice under § 56-265.24 C, the notification center shall transmit the notice to the member utilities or their contract locators. In addition, the notification center will provide a separate notice containing the details of the crossing of any natural gas, hazardous liquid or critical facility as specified by Positive Response Code 70 directly to the affected utility operator(s). Operators and their contract locators will respond in accordance with § 56-265.17 C. (October 1, 2013)
﻿23. The following applies to Maximum Depth Guidelines for Installing Utility lines:
1. Operators shall establish maximum depths from final grade for installations of their underground utility lines. The depth shall not exceed 10 feet unless the utility line is being installed under railroad crossings, river crossings, bridge abutments, other major underground obstacles or the underground utility line is required to be installed deeper than 10 feet by VDOT, a local government, or other governmental authority.
2. When an underground utility line is installed deeper than 10 feet, the operator shall:
a. Document the depth and the reason for the depth exceeding 10 feet.
b. Ensure the ability to locate the underground utility line by verifying the approximate location after installation is complete.
c. Utilize available technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (“R.F.I.D.”) devices.
d. Prepare and maintain an accurate record of the line.
﻿24. The following may assist the excavator in protecting and preserving utility line location markings during the excavation process.
Excavator’s Responsibilities:
1. Excavators shall plan their work in proper phases to avoid destroying utility line location markings caused by excavation activity, vehicle traffic, spoil piles, etc.
2. The competent person or supervisor shall document all markings prior to excavation or demolition.
a. Create a manifest that is supported by pictures as well as video if possible.
b. Review the documentation with all personnel that are unfamiliar with the site or at any time work begins in a new area of the site.
3. If possible avoid driving equipment and vehicles over the markings during everyday excavation activities.
4. Avoid covering the markings with spoil piles from test holes, trenches, etc.
5. Utilize White paint to circle existing locate marks. As the locate marks begin to fade, white paint can be refreshed by the excavator. Once locate marks fade to a point where they are no longer legible, the excavator shall call for a remark.
6. Request the proper means of marking based on the terrain and site conditions and the type and extent of the proposed excavation.
Operator/Contract Locator’s Responsibilities:
1. For certain circumstances such as new construction or high traffic areas, operators or their contract locators are to use permanent or semipermanent markers. These may include but are not limited to, semipermanent marker posts, whiskers, stake chasers, soil markers, pavement markers and pavement decals. (February 4, 2014)
﻿25. The following may assist the excavator in the support and protection of exposed utility lines during the excavation process:
1. The competent person, supervisor, and all employees involved with the excavation must be knowledgeable with the requirements of the Virginia Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act, The Commission’s Rules and the Virginia Underground Utility Marking Standards.
2. Shoring must be placed with all reasonable care to avoid damaging utilities in the excavation area.
3. The excavator shall monitor the shoring and soil conditions including any water intrusion into the excavation pit that may compromise the proper protection and support of any exposed utilities.
4. If a support structure is needed to properly protect and support the exposed utility lines, the excavator shall consider the following:
a. Timbers or other suitable means should span the trench in a perpendicular manner.
b. The support structure should span a reasonable distance past the trench openings on either side to ensure a stable platform for the support structure.
c. The utility line should be supported by a means of a non-marring or padded surface to prevent marring, cutting, chipping or gouging of the exposed utility line or appurtenances.
d. The support structure should protect the utility from experiencing sagging, pulling, pushing or disjointing that would be caused by its exposure and excavation activities.
5. In the case of prolonged exposure of facilities for ongoing excavations, the contractor shall contact the operator for any special methods of support and protection that the operator deems appropriate and implement the agreed upon methods.
6. The excavator shall contact the operator for guidance whenever there is any question relative to the proper protection and support of an exposed utility line. (February 4, 2014)
﻿26. The Advisory Committee strongly encourages the Operators and Contractors to follow these guidelines to help improve underground utility damage prevention in the Commonwealth.
1. Operators shall ensure that their appropriate personnel and all contractors and subcontractors performing excavation on behalf of the operator, have successfully completed the VA811 computer based training program or an equivalent training program approved by the Damage Prevention Advisory Committee.
2. Operators shall develop and utilize a QA/QC plan to inspect active and completed excavations conducted on their behalf. Such a plan shall include procedures for conducting effective field inspections to determine compliance with the Virginia Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act and the Commission’s Rules for Enforcement of the Act and shall require the remediation of any discovered lack of compliance. Inspections shall be documented by the operator.
3. Operators shall approve the use of all subcontractors working on their behalf.
4. Operators shall ensure that all contractors and subcontractors performing excavation on their behalf are appropriately licensed as required by the Commonwealth of Virginia.
1. Contractors shall ensure that their appropriate personnel and all of their subcontractors performing excavation to install underground utility lines, have successfully completed the VA811 computer based training program or an equivalent training program approved by the Damage Prevention Advisory Committee.
2. These contractors shall develop and utilize a QA/QC plan to inspect active and completed excavations conducted on their behalf. Such a plan shall include procedures for conducting effective field inspections to determine compliance with the Virginia Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act and the Commission’s Rules for Enforcement of the Act and shall require the remediation of any discovered lack of compliance. Inspections shall be documented by the contractor.
3. These contractors shall approve the use of all subcontractors and their subs performing excavation to install underground utility lines.
4. These contractors shall ensure that all subcontractors performing excavation on their behalf are appropriately licensed as required by the Commonwealth of Virginia.
﻿27. The Advisory Committee may report to the Department of Professional and Occupational Regulations (“DPOR”) for investigation based on one or more of the following criteria:
a. Any probable violation of the Virginia Underground Utility Damage Prevention Act (“Act”) or the Commission Rules (“Rules”) that results in a death;
b. Any probable violation of the Act or the Rules that results in an overnight hospitalization;
c. Any probable violation of the Act or the Rules that results in damage to a hazardous material pipeline operating at 61 psi or more, or a hazardous material pipeline, of 6 inches and higher in diameter;
d. Any contractor performing any function covered under the Act or the Rules without the required license or certification;
e. Any licensed contractor who employs an unlicensed contractor to perform any functions covered under the Act or the Rules.
f. Any flagrant* and repeated probable violation of the Act or the Rules that the Advisory Committee determines can be most effectively addressed by reporting to DPOR; and
g. Any unauthorized repair of an underground utility line by the excavator who damaged the line. (December 10, 2014)
* Something that is conspicuously wrong, faulty, or improper.
Plans to Encourage Compliance
﻿Get Involved With Damage Prevention
﻿Currently, there are three specific plans to encourage performance improvement and training relative to the Act and the Rules. For more information on these three plans, contact the Division.
﻿Purpose: This plan is designed to encourage stakeholders to improve their performance.
A stakeholders performance during the most recent year is compared to the average performance for that stakeholder’s industry.
If performance is better than industry average, a credit is recorded; if the performance is the same as industry average, no credit or additional penalty is recorded; finally, if performance is worse than the industry average, an additional penalty is recorded to encourage improvements.
Credits or additional penalties are applied in the event the stakeholder is cited for a probable violation and the Advisory Committee recommends a civil penalty.
The program resets on July 1 of each year.
﻿The Education Credit Plan
﻿Purpose: This plan is designed to encourage stakeholders to:
Receive education/training in damage prevention.
Provide education/training in damage prevention.
Participate in various other damage prevention educational efforts.
﻿Stakeholders can receive up to $200.00 credit per violation. The plan outlining the stakeholder’s damage prevention efforts must be submitted to the Division by June 1 of each year.
Purpose: This plan is designed to encourage stakeholders to receive training on the Act and Rules. Training is offered free of charge, by the Division, at a mutually agreed upon location and time. Stakeholders who voluntarily request training can include the training as part of their Education Credit Plan.
When appropriate, training is offered as part of a settlement for a reduction in civil penalty.
﻿Local Damage Prevention Committees
﻿Local Damage Prevention Committees (“LDPCs”) are groups of stakeholders who are concerned about preventing damage to underground utilities. The LDPCs meet on a regular basis in the following five geographic areas of the Commonwealth:
﻿Area 1: Southwestern, Area 2: Western, Area 3: Northern, Area 4: Central, and Area 5: Eastern Virginia including the Eastern Shore.
﻿By becoming an active member, you will have the opportunity to discuss, in an informal setting, your concerns and ideas related to preventing damage to underground utility lines, and become part of a local and statewide network of stakeholders through which important damage prevention information is communicated quickly and effectively.
﻿Additionally, your local damage prevention committee fosters partnership! Developing partnerships with other stakeholders can result in open communication, problem solving and avoiding conflicts.
﻿There is no cost to become a member, and in fact, regular participation at meetings builds “educational credits.” Educational credits can be applied to reduce the amount of a potential civil penalty associated with a violation of the Act or Rules!
For more information on the next meeting in your area, visit VA811.com, click Events, and finally click Events Calendar.
Did you know there are utility lines buried in your yard? Help protect them by calling 811 before starting any digging project.
If you see markings on or close to your property and wish to get more information about a planned excavation, go to va.811.com, hover your mouse over “Homeowners”, click on “What do the markings mean?”, click on “Ticket Search”, then click on “Click here to access Ticket Search” or click HERE. Select the “Month” that you first noticed the markings, then enter the street name and click “Search by Street.”
Below is basic information homeowners should know about excavation:
For more information contact the State Corporation Commission Division of Utility and Railroad Safety by clicking:
www.scc.virginia.gov/urs/index.aspx
www.va811.com
VA Pro Excavators Manual - 10/23/17 12:53 Supported Browsers
Virginia Professional Excavators Manual