Source: http://russianpatents.com/patent/250/2507083.html
Timestamp: 2017-10-19 08:51:21
Document Index: 745809920

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 10', 'art 20', 'art 20', 'art 20', 'art 20', 'art 20', 'art 20', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'art 10', 'arts 10', 'arts 10', 'art.\n10']

The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire with a tread surface, provided with blind holes to allow installation of thorns.
In the case of studded tires with tread pattern, which includes such elements of the tread, as blocks, lugs and ribs, spikes installed in blind holes, are mostly located near the centers of the respective elements of the tread. In this paper, the term "center" is not necessarily the center in the strict sense, such as the center of mass of the element protector. The "center" may be the center in the direction passing through the element width of the tread, such as lugs or edge, or the center in the longitudinal direction of the tread element.
The reason for placing the cleat near this center is to preserve the longevity of the tread element. If a thorn or blind hole for him are too far from the centre, then there is a probability that the element protector is easily damaged during movement of the vehicle and eventually spike falls out of the blind hole.
On the other hand, to reduce the noise generated by the tire while the vehicle is in motion, the pneumatic tire, especially for passenger cars, mainly provided with a tread pattern, in which oterom the tread elements are variable pitch in the longitudinal direction of the tire and/or elements of the tread, located on one half of the tread on one side of the tire equator, differ from the items located on the other half.
Thus, the location of the studs is severely limited by the tread pattern from the point of view of durability, even if there is an area for improvement from the viewpoint of the adhesion forces, noise and vibration studded tires.
Therefore, the aim of the present invention is the provision of a pneumatic tire, which can provide more flexibility and freedom in designing the tread pattern and the placement of the studs in order to improve the characteristics of the tires on snowy and icy roads without compromising durability.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a pneumatic tire includes:
protector, which determines the width of the zone of contact with the ground and with longitudinal rows of blocks, and the blocks are limited to the main grooves passing continuously in the longitudinal direction of the tire, the transverse grooves, passing between the main grooves and lateral grooves, passing between the main grooves and the edges of the tread,
the above-mentioned longitudinal rows include at least one longitudinal row, in which the blocks were drilled blocks, each of which is provided with a blind hole on the top surface for us is anouki thorns, where
specified non-through hole is located axially outside from the place which is further from the equator of the tire on the distance axis, constituting 13% of the width of the zone of contact with the ground, and
adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the non-through holes are displaced relative to each other in the axial direction of the tire, and
the above-drilled blocks include at least one drilled block, in which a blind hole is offset towards one of these main grooves, and which is provided with an amplifying part for amplifying a blind hole where the specified reinforcing part protrudes into the major groove, reducing the width of the main groove.
Hereinafter in the description, various sizes, positions, etc. are normally inflated unloaded tire, unless otherwise noted.
The width TW of the zone of contact with the ground is the distance along the axis between the edges 2E of the tread, measured in the normally inflated unloaded tire.
Edge 2E of the tread are axially outer edges of the zone of contact with the ground bus at the angle of camber average of 0 degrees, a normally inflated loaded bus.
Conditions normally inflated unloaded tire are that the tire is mounted on a standard rim and inflate to standard pressure, but the e load.
Conditions normally inflated loaded tires are that the tire is mounted on a standard rim, inflate to a standard pressure and load standard load.
The standard rim is a wheel rim officially adopted for bus bodies, i.e. JATMA (Japan and Asia), T&RA (North America), ETRTO (Europe), STRO (Scandinavia) and similar organizations. The standard pressure and the standard load tyres represent the maximum air pressure and the maximum load of the tyre, indicated by the same organizations in the table, the air pressure/maximum load or in such list. For example, the standard wheel rim is a standard rim"specified in JATMA, the "measuring rim" in ETRTO, "design rim" in TRA or the like, the Standard pressure is the "maximum air pressure" in JATMA, the "inflation pressure" in ETRTO, the maximum pressure given in the table "within the loads of tyres at different pressures of the cold pumping system TRA and the like. The standard load is a "maximum load capacity" in JATMA, the "load capacity" in ETRTO, the maximum value presented in the above table in TRA, etc.
However, in the case of passenger cars, standard internal pressure and standard load single is figuratively is 180 kPa and 88% of the maximum load of the tire, respectively.
Figure 1 presents a detailed partial top view of the pneumatic tire in accordance with the present invention, showing the tyre tread.
Figure 2 presents the cross section of the protector taken along the line A-a in figure 1.
Figure 3 presents an enlarged partial top view showing the protector.
4 shows a perspective view of a thorn.
Figure 5(a) presents a perspective view of the drilled block with a hole for installation of a thorn.
Figure 5(b) presents a perspective view of the drilled block with mounted spine.
Figure 6(a) presents a top view of another example of a drilled block.
Figure 6(b) presents a top view of another example of a drilled block.
Figure 7(a) and Fig.7(b) shows a similar view to Figure 1 showing the tread of the tire of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 used in the comparative tests presented below.
Pneumatic tire according to the present invention includes a tread 2, a pair of side walls, a pair of side walls, passing between the edges of the tread and sides, the frame is held between the flanges, and reinforcing protector brokern the second belt, situated, as usual, radially outside the carcass in the tread.
The protector 2 is equipped with a tread pattern comprising a large number of blocks 5 in the longitudinal rows Century In each row In all the 5 blocks that make up the rows have the same geometrical configuration, except as described below amplifying part 10 serving some blocks.
In the following embodiments of the pneumatic tire is a tire for passenger car, equipped with a unidirectional tread pattern (figure 1 by an arrow R shows the intended direction of rotation of the tire). The blocks 5 are variable pitch in the longitudinal direction, and the blocks 5 that are located on one half of the tread on one side of the tire equator, which is offset in the longitudinal direction relative to the blocks on the other half about half a step.
However, the present invention is not limited to such unidirectional tread pattern. The tread pattern may be bidirectional. More specifically, one half of the tread pattern symmetrically reflected with respect to the points on the equator of the tire. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to variable pitch location and is not limited to such an arrangement, in which one half is shifted relative to the other half.
To form prodasineura divided in the longitudinal and transverse direction of block 5, the protector 2 is supplied
the main grooves 3, passing continuously in the longitudinal direction of the bus, and
transverse grooves 4 extending from the main grooves 3.
Main grooves 3 include:
the axially outer shoulder grooves 3B, located on each side of the equator With tires, and
the axially inner main grooves 3A of the crown, located on each side of the equator With the bus or along the equator From the bus.
In order to provide sufficient contact area with the ground for driving on icy roads, and at the same time, to prevent clogging of the grooves columns snow during movement along a snowy road in the case of passenger cars, preferably, the width W1 of the main groove 3A of the crown and the width W2 of the shoulder main groove 3B is at least 2%, more preferably at least 3%, but not more than 9%, more preferably not more than 6% of the total width TW of the zone of contact with the ground, and the depth of the main grooves 3A and 3B is not less than 5 mm more preferably, not less than 6 mm but not more than 10 mm, more preferably not more than 9 mm
In the embodiment shown in figure 1, the main grooves 3A of the crown represent the zigzag grooves, made of alternating short straight lines and long straight sections.
The use of such zigzag grooves is before occhialini, because this increases the axial component of the edges of the grooves, and therefore it is possible to increase the friction in the longitudinal direction of the tires on icy roads, and on the other hand, on snowy roads, snow, located between the tread and the road and fall in a zigzag groove, has a high shear force and contributes to the production of large traction or braking effort.
However, you can also use a smoothly curved zigzag grooves, namely wave-like grooves, and even straight grooves as the main grooves 3A crown.
In the embodiment represented in figure 1, the annular region between the two main grooves 3A of the crown is formed in the center rib 6, passing along the equator From the bus continuously in the longitudinal direction.
The Central rib 6 in this example, provided with narrow grooves 11 extending from its edges and ends inside edges for example, at points located near the Central line of the ribs, whereby the rigidity in the longitudinal direction of the Central rib 6 is lowered to balance it with the rigidity of the blocks and thereby prevent uneven wear of the center rib 6.
As another embodiment, instead of the two main grooves 3A of the crown, may be formed in the unity of the Naya main groove 3A of the crown, passing through the center of the equator With the tire, as described above. In this case, accordingly, the Central rib 6 is missing.
In this embodiment above the shoulder main grooves 3B are essentially straight in the longitudinal direction of the tire. The resulting lateral stiffness or rigidity of the parts of the blocks adjacent to the shoulder main grooves 3B, is increased, which improves the driving stability during movement on the turn. However, the main shoulder groove 3B can also be made in the form of zigzag grooves or wavy grooves.
Above the transverse grooves 4 include:
the average transverse grooves 4A, passing between the main(Oh) grooves(Oh) 3A crown and shoulder main grooves 3B, and
shoulder lateral grooves 4B, passing between the shoulder main grooves 3B and edges 2E of the protector.
In unidirectional tread pattern of this embodiment, the average transverse grooves 4A is inclined in the direction opposite to the intended direction R of rotation, and are from basic(Oh) groove(s) 3A crown to the shoulder main grooves 3B, thus the longitudinal component of the edges of the blocks 5 is increased, which may contribute to improved performance tires on icy roads.
On the other hand, the shoulder lateral grooves 4B, essentially parallel to the direction along the axis of the tire. This helps to increase the transverse stiffness or rigidity of the shoulder blocks 5 C formed between these grooves.
Preferably, the width and depth of the average transverse grooves 4A and shoulder lateral grooves 4B is equal to or slightly less than the depth and width of the main grooves 3.
Thus, the above-mentioned series of blocks include:
two rows B2 middle blocks 5B, limited average transverse grooves 4A, main(Oh) grooves(Oh) 3A crown and shoulder main grooves 3B, and
two rows of shoulder blocks B3 5C, limited shoulder lateral grooves 4B, the shoulder main groove 3B and the edges 2E of the protector.
Each of the blocks 5B and 5C is equipped with slats S. Lamella is a very narrow slot or groove width from almost 0 to 1 mm. Lamella S ensure compliance units and provide a corresponding deformation of the blocks, which increases the area 5s contact between the blocks and the surface of the icy roads. Moreover, the sipes S absorb water layer between the tire and icy road and improve the characteristic of the clutch the tires with the road.
In this embodiment, each average unit 5B provided with a narrow longitudinal groove 7 of a width of more than 1 mm, passing through the block, essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the managing tyres, almost in the center of the block in the direction of the axis of the tire.
Blocks 5 (5B/5C) in each row B2 medium blocks and a row of shoulder blocks B3 include:
drilled blocks 5h, each of which is provided with a hole 8 located on the upper surface 5s of contact with the ground, which sets the thorn R, and
blocks 5n without holes 8.
Thorn P, as shown in figure 4, consists of the anchor part 20 installed and inserted in the hole 8 of the flange 21 in contact with the upper surface of the block and which stands above the anchor portion 20 and pin 22 protruding from the flange 21 in the direction opposite to the direction of protrusion of the anchor part 20.
The anchor portion 20 includes a cylindrical main portion 20A essentially constant diameter along its length and
the end part 20b has a larger diameter than the main portion 20A. In this example, the end part 20b has a pear shape.
The flange 21 is a circular plate of a much larger diameter.
The pin 22 has a cylindrical shape, and its diameter larger than the diameter of the cylindrical main portion 20A, but less than the diameter of the flange 21. In this example, the flange 22 provided with a thread groove to increase the friction with the road surface.
As shown in Figure 5(a) and 5(b), thorn P set in the tread of a pneumatic tire by placing the anchor part 20 in several asnom the hole 8.
In this embodiment of the blind hole 8 is a circular blind hole, the inner diameter (d) which is essentially equal to the outside diameter of the cylindrical main portion 20A of the anchor portion 20. Thus, the above-mentioned end part 20b of larger diameter is limited by the inner wall of the blind hole 8 for fixing the cleat R. Even in this case, preferably, the anchor portion 20 is inserted into blind hole 8 together with an adhesive agent. For example, it is preferable to use an anaerobic adhesive.
The depth D of the blind hole 8 is, for example, from 8 to 12 mm and an inner diameter (d) ranges from 2 to 3 mm.
Preferably the zone in which is formed a blind hole 8, provide on each side of the equator From the tire, and the distance Ws-axis away From the tire equator to the axially inner border zone is not less than 13%, more preferably not less than 15% of the width Tw of the zone of contact with the ground, whereby the Central zone of the tread, in which the ground pressure becomes relatively high, does not have thorns R. as a result, it is possible to prevent damage caused by spikes P and high ground pressure, and improve durability.
In each row B2 medium blocks and row B3 shoulder blocks adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the hole 8 offset the us relative to each other in the axial direction of the tire. In other words, non-through holes 8 are located in two or more different positions along the axis, thus, the blocks in each row includes two or more kinds drilled blocks 5h, which differ in axial location of the blind holes.
If adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the holes 8 are formed in the same positions along the axis, the spikes attached to the same places on the surface of the road and leave potholes, which makes it difficult to get sufficient traction force and braking force. In this embodiment, by the above arrangement it is possible to avoid such disadvantages.
Drilled blocks 5h include first drilled block 5h1 and second drilled block 5h2, where
blind hole 8 of the first drilled block 5h1 shifted in the direction of the main groove 3 (3B), while the non-through hole 8 of the second drilled block 5h2 is located near the axial center of the block, compared with the first drilled block 5h1.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, on each side of the tire equator C, the distance Wm axis between an axial inner bore 8 (hole drilled in the second block 5h2 number of B2 medium blocks in this embodiment) and the axially outer hole 8 hole drilled in the second block 5h2 series B3 shoulder of the components is in this embodiment) is not less than 20%, but not more than 30% of the width TW of the zone of contact with the ground.
First drilled block 5h1 provide reinforcing part 10, to strengthen the non-through hole 8, which protrudes into the main groove 3 (3B), partially narrowing the main groove, to provide sufficient wall thickness t (thickness rubber) around the blind hole 8.
Here the wall thickness t measured in the radial direction from the center of the blind hole 8, from the edge of the blind hole 8 to the edge of the drilled block (the edge of the reinforcing part 10).
The wall thickness t is preferably not less than 5 mm, more preferably not less than 6 mm.
In other words, when you want to form a blind hole 8 in the position near the main grooves 3, and if the blind hole 8 is formed in this position, the wall thickness becomes less than 5 mm, and should ensure that the reinforcing part 10, in order to maintain sufficient thickness t of the wall.
However, if the thickness t of the wall reinforcing part 10 is too large, the cross-sectional area of the main grooves 3 (3B) is reduced, and as a result, the diversion of water through the groove, and self liberation from snow and dirt, ybivaushiy in the groove, is difficult. Thus, the thickness t of the wall reinforcing part 10 is preferably not more than 15 mm, more preferably not more than 8 mm
The way the security reinforcing part 10, it becomes possible to form a blind hole 8 in the position near the main grooves 3 (3B), so the distance Wm-axis between the most distant point of the non-through holes from the center line of 3h main grooves 3 (3B), which is the Central line 3h excluding protruding reinforcing portions 10, and the Central line 3h is less than 12.0 mm, more preferably less than 10,0 mm Thus, the freedom of choice provisions of studs can be increased, and it becomes possible to further improve the performance of tires on icy roads.
In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5(a) and 5(b), the side surface of the reinforcing part 10, which is facing to the main groove (and optionally converted to a transverse groove in this example) defined part of a lateral surface of a cylinder or cone, the Central axis essentially coincides with the Central axis of the blind hole 8. Thus, the edge of the reinforcing part 10 is an arc of a circle.
In addition to the geometry representing the edge of an arc of a circle, you can use this geometry, which is a broken line, for example a polygonal line consisting of three segments, as shown in Fig.6(a), the broken line consisting of two segments, as shown in Fig.6(b), or the like, provided that the reinforcing portion 10 protrudes into the main groove 3 and the thickness t of the wall meets the above constraints.
As indicated to enter the, the reinforcing part 10 may be in a transverse groove 4, as well as in the main groove 3, as shown in Figure 3.
Preferably drilled in each block 5h around blind holes 8 provide a continuous annular region N, in which there are no slats S and grooves, as shown in Figure 3.
A continuous annular region N has radius Nr, of at least 5 mm, more preferably not less than 8 mm, more preferably not less than 10 mm from the center 8 of the blind hole 8.
Thus, together with the reinforcing part 10, if it is formed, a continuous annular region N may increase the rigidity of the walls surrounding the blind hole 8, and thereby prevent bending of a thorn R. and drop it from a blind hole.
In the drawings, "VL1" means the external boundary of the continuous annular region N, a "VL2" denotes the outer edge of the flange 21 of a thorn R, is inserted in the blind hole 8. As shown, a continuous annular region N is greater than the flange 21, therefore, the stud P is firmly fixed in the block and can provide great strength of grip and braking force.
In this embodiment, all non-through holes 8 located in the tire placed in different positions in the longitudinal direction. In other words, none of the blind hole 8 is not located is prohibited in line with other non-through hole in the axial direction of the tire. Therefore, changes in the strength of grip and braking force can be reduced, and vibration during driving can be reduced.
Moreover, in each row In the first drilled blocks 5h1 and second drilled blocks 5h2 are alternating with each other in the longitudinal direction.
Moreover, in each row In the drilled blocks 5h and undrilled blocks 5h arranged in series so that the group (5h, 5n, 5h, 5n and 5n), more specifically, (5h2, 5n, 5h1, 5n and 5n) is repeated in the longitudinal direction.
This reinforcing portion 10 that extends into the main groove 3 (3B), reduces the cross-sectional area of the main groove to some degree. Therefore, it is desirable that the minimum width Wi of the main shoulder grooves 3B in the locations of the reinforcement parts 10 was not less than 0.4, more preferably not less than 0.5, but not higher than 0.9, more preferably not more than 0.8 times the maximum width Wj or the width of the grooves measured at locations different from the locations of the reinforcement parts 10.
Moreover, it is also desirable to compensate for this reduction of the width of the main grooves, to form the reinforcing portion 10 near or on the site of the T-shaped connection 9 of the main grooves 3 and the transverse grooves 4 (more specifically, the T-shaped connection grooves 9a 3B and 4A, and the T-shaped connection of the texts 9b grooves 3B and 4B in this embodiment), as shown in Figure 3.
Studless radial tires of size 195/65R15 (the size of the wheel rim 15x6JJ) with the technical specifications presented in table 1 were made and tested as described below.
All of the test tires had the same design and the same tread pattern, except for blind holes and reinforcing parts. To improve fixation spikes in blind holes, used anaerobic adhesive.
Test force clutch and brake force
Rear-wheel drive passenger car with a front engine layout with a set of test tires (tire pressure 180 kPa) was tested on icy roads and snowy roads, and the force of the clutch when pulling away was assessed by the sensations of the driver. The results are presented in table 1 using an index based on comparative example 1 (cf. etc. 1), taken as a 100, with the higher the value, the better the force of the clutch when pulling away.
In addition, the braking distance of the test vehicle was measured on icy roads and snowy road when braking at speeds of 30 km/h the Results are presented in table 1 using an index based on comparative example 1 taken as 100, with the higher the value, the Corot the e brake, i.e. the better the braking performance on turning on icy and snowy road.
Tests when driving on curves
On the test car made a turn on a circle with a radius of 40 meters on icy roads and snowy roads and evaluated the characteristics of the movement in the rotation based on the elapsed time and the feeling of the driver. The results are presented in table 1 using an index based on comparative example 1 taken as 100, with the higher the value, the better the performance of the movement to turn on an icy and snowy road.
The test vehicle was driven for a distance of 20,000 km on snow-covered road. Then determine the number of loose studs. The results are presented in table 1 using an index based on comparative example 1 taken as 100, with the higher the value, the better the stability of thorns.
1. A pneumatic tire includes:
protector, which determines the width of the zone of contact with the ground and with longitudinal rows of blocks, and these blocks are limited to the main grooves passing continuously in the longitudinal direction of the tire, the transverse grooves, passing between the main grooves and lateral grooves, passing between the main grooves and the edges of the tread,
these longitudinal rows include at least one longitudinal row, in which the blocks were drilled blocks, each of which is provided with a blind hole on the top surface for installation of studs, where
these drilled blocks include at least one drilled block, in which a blind hole is offset towards one of these main grooves, and which is provided with an amplifying part for amplifying a blind hole where the specified reinforcing part protrudes into the major groove, reducing the width of the main groove.
2. Pneumatic tire according to claim 1, in which the non-through hole, reinforced specified reinforcing part, is located within 12.0 mm along the axis from the center line of the specified main grooves, and the Central line is determined without regard to the amplifying part, protruding into the main groove.
3. Pneumatic tire according to claim 1, in which each drilled unit is fitted with blades, but the area enclosed by the circle with center in the center of the blind from which Erste and radius of at least 5 mm, there are no slats and grooves.
4. Pneumatic tire according to claim 1, in which each side of the tire equator, the distance along the axis between the axially inner blind bore and the axially external non-through hole is at least 20%but not more than 30% of the width of the zone of contact with the ground.
5. Pneumatic tire according to claim 1, in which the main groove, in which is specified the reinforcing portion has a minimum width at the location of the reinforcing part, and the minimum width of the grooves is from 0.4 to 0.9 of the maximum width of this groove.
6. Pneumatic tire according to claim 1, in which
these main grooves include a pair of axially outer shoulder main grooves and one or two major grooves of the crown between them,
these longitudinal rows includes a pair of rows of shoulder blocks, each of which consists of shoulder blocks, limited one of the shoulder main grooves and the adjacent edge of the tread, and additionally shoulder transverse grooves passing between them,
in the case of one of the main grooves of the crown of the rows of blocks further include two rows of medium-sized blocks, each of which consists of secondary units, limited one of the shoulder main grooves, and the main groove of the crown, and additionally middle of the transverse grooves, passing between them,
in the case of the AE two main grooves of the crown of the rows of blocks further include two rows of medium blocks, each of which consists of secondary units, limited one of the shoulder main grooves and the adjacent main groove of the crown, and additionally middle of the transverse grooves, passing between them,
the specified reinforcing part is formed in the T-shaped connection of one of the shoulder main grooves and one of the secondary transverse grooves and the shoulder lateral grooves so that it acts in the direction to the T-shaped connection.
7. Pneumatic tire according to claim 6, in which each number of secondary blocks includes at least two types of drilled blocks, in which the blind holes are located in different positions along the axis.
8. Pneumatic tire according to claim 6 or 7, in which each row of shoulder blocks includes at least two types of drilled blocks, in which the blind holes are located in different positions along the axis.
9. A pneumatic tire includes:
protector with blocks in a longitudinal row,
moreover, these blocks were drilled blocks, each of which is supplied on the outer surface of the blind hole for mounting the cleat,
specified non-through hole is offset towards the edge of the drilled block and formed protruding reinforcing portion for strengthening the non-through holes so as to provide a thickness (t) of the wall of at least 5 m from the wall, environmental non-through hole, and
these blocks comprising the drilled blocks have the same geometry, except for the protruding reinforcing part.
10. A pneumatic tyre according to claim 9, in which the specified edge reinforcing portion on the outer surface of the drilled block represents an arc of a circle.
11. A pneumatic tyre according to claim 9, in which the specified edge reinforcing portion on the outer surface of the drilled block represents a polyline.
12. Studded tire, including the pneumatic tire according to any one of the preceding paragraphs and spikes installed in blind holes.
Wheel with retractable studs // 2457117
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transport machine building. Wheel with retractable studs consists of metal rim and pneumatic tire installed on it. Inside pneumatic tire, polyurethane wave-shaped spring is installed. Metal studs are cured in wave-shaped spring. To provide stud propulsion guide bushes are cured into pneumatic tire. Inside pneumatic tire, rubber bag with valve is placed which provides variation of amount of studs protruding from pneumatic tire. Between wave-shaped spring and bag, elastic rubber band is placed which serves to lower friction between bag and wave-shaped spring.
EFFECT: higher flotation ability of vehicle while driving over snow, as well as possibility to change traction coefficient of tires for various road surfaces.
Studded tire // 2441767
SUBSTANCE: tire includes a frame, tread band with radially external tread surface and multiple radial grooves, and an anti-sliding structure located in one of the radial grooves. The anti-sliding structure contains the first annular inner portion, the second outer portion and the third core portion including 3 pin structures assembly designed for adhesion with icy road surface. Each pin structure has a taper base portion attached inside the first annular inner portion and a pin passing through the second outer portion towards tread surface. 3 taper base portions are coupled into annular base portion assembly.
EFFECT: enhancement of tire tread adhesion with icy road surface.
Studded tire // 2441766
SUBSTANCE: tire includes a frame, tread band with radially external tread surface and multiple radial grooves, and an anti-sliding structure located in one of the radial grooves. The anti-sliding structure contains the first end portion, the second triangular middle portion and the third triangular end portion including 3 radial grooves for adhesion with icy surface. The form of the radial groove corresponds to the anti-sliding structure form, so that the latter is attached both in radial and rotating direction inside a groove towards to tread band.
Winter tire // 2482971
Pneumatic tire // 2499680
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automotive industry, namely, to tread pattern of stud-free tire. Pneumatic tire has cutouts 6 extending over tire width and arranged spaced in direction along tire circumference, at least, in shoulder blocks 5a separated by lengthwise grooves extending in tire circumference and crosswise grooves 3 extending over tire width. Open cutouts 6a ad closed cutouts 6b are arranged in turns while depth of open cutouts 6a is smaller than that of closed cutouts 6b.
EFFECT: better running on icy roads, higher wear resistance.
Pneumatic tire // 2492063
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automotive industry, namely, to tread pattern. Tire tread has, at least, two sets of blocks GB1 to GB3, their density varying from 0.003 pc/mm2 to 0.04 pc/mm2. At least, one set of blocks Gb2 has block 4, its crosswise length BW2 exceeding its lengthwise length BL2.
6 cl, 16 dwg, 2 tbl