Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US8620608B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-11-17 14:06:24
Document Index: 653830254

Matched Legal Cases: ['ART) 810', '§112', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 2', 'art 2', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4']

US8620608B2 - Intelligent electronic device and method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent electronic device and method thereof Download PDF
US8620608B2
US8620608B2 US13/315,521 US201113315521A US8620608B2 US 8620608 B2 US8620608 B2 US 8620608B2 US 201113315521 A US201113315521 A US 201113315521A US 8620608 B2 US8620608 B2 US 8620608B2
US13/315,521
US20120078555A1 (en
2007-03-27 Priority to US92019807P priority
2008-03-27 Priority to US12/056,955 priority patent/US8078418B2/en
2011-12-09 Priority to US13/315,521 priority patent/US8620608B2/en
2011-12-09 Application filed by Electro Industries Gauge Technology filed Critical Electro Industries Gauge Technology
2012-03-29 Publication of US20120078555A1 publication Critical patent/US20120078555A1/en
2013-12-31 Publication of US8620608B2 publication Critical patent/US8620608B2/en
This application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/056,955 filed on Mar. 27, 2008, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/036,356 filed on Feb. 25, 2008, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/341,802 filed on Jan. 27, 2006 entitled “METERING DEVICE WITH CONTROL FUNCTIONALITY AND METHOD THEREOF”, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,337,081, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/647,669 filed on Jan. 27, 2005, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
In a further aspect, the first measuring channels are adapted for measuring or calculating numerical values of the at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a line voltage, a line current, a phase voltage, a phase current, or a root mean square (RMS) value thereof energy, revenue, real power, reactive power, total power, and a power factor and the second measuring channels are adapted for measuring or calculating the at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a waveform of a line voltage, a waveform of a line current, a waveform of a phase voltage, a waveform of a phase current; and a total harmonic distortion or harmonics thereof.
In a further aspect, an intelligent electronic device includes a metering module adapted for measuring or calculating at least one parameter of an AC electrical service; a processing module adapted for administering operation of the device and processing data obtained using the metering module; and a display adapted for displaying numerical values of the at least one parameter, wherein the processing module is adapted for: calculating an average value F1 of M consecutive data points DP1 through DPM of the at least one parameter, F1=(DP1+DP2+ . . . +DPM)/M, where M is a pre-determined integer and M>1; calculating a weighted average F2 of M+1 consecutive data points DP1 through DPM+1 of the at least one parameter, F2=[(M−1)F1+DPM+1]/M; if |F2−DPM+1| is equal to or smaller than a pre-determined constant, displaying on the display the weighted average F2; and if |F2−DPM+1| is greater than the pre-determined constant, displaying on the display the data point DPM+1 and replacing the average value F1 with DPM+1. The at least one parameter is selected from the group consisting of a line voltage, a line current, a phase voltage, a phase current, and a total harmonic distortion (THD) or a root mean square (RMS) value thereof; energy, revenue, real power, reactive power, total power, and a power factor. A periodicity of calculating the weighted average F2 is substantially greater than a rate of refreshing the display.
Referring to FIG. 8, each of the network communication card 142 or the 10/100BaseT Ethernet I/O card 144 1 (collectively denoted using a numeral 800) generally includes a serial Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) 810, a co-processing unit 812, and an EEPROM 814. In one embodiment, the network communication card 142 supports RS-485, Modbus and DNP 3.0 communication protocols, or interfaces, and whereas the 10/100BaseT Ethernet I/O card 144 1 supports the 10/100BaseT Ethernet and Modbus/TCP communication protocols.
TABLE 1 Summary of nominal cycles in capture buffer vs. sample rates: User 60 Hz selected cycles in time to fill nominal sample capture capture time to flash rate buffer buffer capture 1024 2 0.033 S 0.240 S 512 4 0.067 S 0.240 S 256 8 0.133 S 0.240 S 128 16 0.267 S 0.240 S 64 32 0.533 S 0.240 S 32 64 1.067 S 0.240 S
manual not used Voltage Shape Voltage Sag Current Surge Voltage Surge trigger 0 0 0 C B A C B A C B A C B A 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1 byte sample rate byte = 5 to 10; rate = (2 {circumflex over ( )} byte) samples per cycle at 60 Hz, i.e. 2{circumflex over ( )}5 = 32, 2{circumflex over ( )}6 = 64, . . . 2{circumflex over ( )}10 = 1024 1 byte pre-trigger byte = 1 to n-1; n is the number of (nominal) cycles per capture 1 word PQ enables see events mapping above; manual trigger bit doesn't apply 1 word trigger always 0 qualifiers 3 words Va, Vb, Vc 1 word per channel; word = % full scale surge RMS (formatted like limits); 0 disables VRMS surge triggering for the channel 3 words Va, Vb, Vc 1 word per channel; word = % full scale sag RMS (formatted like limits); 0 disables VRMS sag triggering for the channel 3 words Ia, Ib, Ic 1 word per channel; word = % full scale surge RMS (formatted like limits); 0 disables IRMS surge triggering for the channel 3 words Va, Vb, Vc always 0 wave shape threshold
No. Byte Byte(s) Contents Notes Offset 12 Record All 26 records of a capture have the 0 Header same timestamp 1 Capture All 26 records have the same capture 12 Number number. 1 Record records in a capture are numbered 13 Number from 0 to 25 962 Record All 26 record payloads together form 12 Payload a composite structure holding all data for the capture. See “waveform capture data organization” below. Timestamp applied is the time that the trigger was recognized. Captures are numbered from 1 to 255, then back to 1 again. Numbering will be consecutive from one capture to the next as long as there is no reset. A capture number of 0 may appear in a PQ record, indicating that there is no associated capture for the PQ cycle, but not in a waveform record.
No. Byte(s) No. Word(s) Data 36 18 Information about the capture other than actual samples. See “non-sample capture info” below. 388 194 Reserved, always 0xFF 2 1 Channel ID for Van or Vab = “AN” or “AB” 4096 2048 Van or Vab samples 2 1 Channel ID for Ia = “IA” 4096 2048 Ia samples 2 1 Channel ID for Vbn or Vbc = “BN” or “BC” 4096 2048 Vbn or Vbc samples 2 1 Channel ID for Ib = “IB” 4096 2048 Ib samples 2 1 Channel ID for Vcn or Vca = “CN” or “CA” 4096 2048 Vcn or Vca samples 2 1 Channel ID for Ic = “IC” 4096 2048 Ic samples
26-record data stream (Wye hookup and normal scope assumed)
record 0 6 record header 0 capture N, record 0 1 non-sample capture info 2 FFs 3 Van Channel ID 4 268 Van samples records 1-3 6 record header 5 capture N, record # 6 481 Van samples record 4 6 record header 7 capture N, record 4 8 337 Van samples 9 Ia Channel ID 10 143 Ia samples record 5-7 6 record header 11 capture N, record # 12 481 Ia samples record 8 6 record header 13 capture N, record 8 14 462 Ia samples 15 Vbn Channel ID 16 18 Vbn samples record 9-12 6 record header 17 capture N, record # 18 481 Vbn samples record 13 6 record header 19 capture N, record 13 20 106 Vbn samples 21 Ib Channel ID 22 374 Ib samples record 14-16 6 record header 23 capture N, record # 24 481 Ib samples record 17 6 timestamp 25 capture N, record 17 26 231 Ib samples 27 Vcn Channel ID 28 249 Vcn samples record 18-20 6 timestamp 29 capture N, record # 30 481 Vcn samples record 21 6 timestamp 31 capture N, record 21 32 356 Vcn samples 33 Ic Channel ID 34 124 Ic samples record 22-25 6 timestamp 35 capture N, record # 36 481 Ic samples
No. Byte Byte(s) Contents Notes Offset 1 Sample Rate from Programmable Settings 0 1 Flags bit mapped. B0 set indicates 1 this capture is contiguous with the previous capture; other bits not used, always 0. 1 Trigger Type 0 = normal RMS, 1 = adaptive 2 RMS, 2 = wave shape, 3-255 = other 1 Reserved always 0xFF 3 2 Trigger Source bit mapped per PQ enables above 4 2 Trigger Cycle Tag 0-65535 6 2 First Sample Tag 0-65535 8 2 Last Sample Tag 0-65535 10 2 Trigger Cycle RMS value 0-TBD in TBD units 12 for Van/Vab Channel 10 Trigger Cycle RMS channels in order Ia, Vb, Ib, Vc, 14 for Remaining Ic; value & units same as above Channels 2 Va Sample value 0-TBD. Apply to each Va 24 Calibration sample to obtain actual voltage sampled. See later TBD section for hookup conversions/ interpretations. 2 Ia Sample same as above except there 26 Calibration are no hookup issues 4 Vb & Ib Sample same as Va & Ia above 28 Calibrations 4 Vc & Ic Sample same as Va & Ia above 32 Calibrations
No. Byte Byte(s) Contents Notes Offset 12 Record Header 0 2 Present States bit mapped per PQ enables above; 0 12 indicates an untriggered state 2 Event Channels bit mapped per PQ enables above; 1 14 indicates a channel changed state and that the change to the present state caused the event 12 Worst Excursion For events ending a surge or sag 16 RMS episode (e.g. return to normal), RMS of the channel is the worst excursion (highest surge, lowest sag) for the episode. 0 for other channels. Same units as Waveform Records. 1 Capture Number 0 if cycle not captured, 1-255 if all or 28 part of the cycle was captured 1 Flags TBD 29 2 Event Cycle Tag Tag of the last sample in the event 30 cycle 32 not used always 0 32
It should also be understood that, unless a term is expressly defined in this patent using the sentence “As used herein, the term ‘——————’ is hereby defined to mean . . . ” or a similar sentence, there is no intent to limit the meaning of that term, either expressly or by implication, beyond its plain or ordinary meaning, and such term should not be interpreted to be limited in scope based on any statement made in any section of this patent (other than the language of the claims). To the extent that any term recited in the claims at the end of this patent is referred to in this patent in a manner consistent with a single meaning, that is done for sake of clarity only so as to not confuse the reader, and it is not intended that such claim term be limited, by implication or otherwise, to that single meaning Finally, unless a claim element is defined by reciting the word “means” and a function without the recital of any structure, it is not intended that the scope of any claim element be interpreted based on the application of 35 U.S.C. §112, sixth paragraph.
a processing module that processes the at least one parameter obtained using the metering module;
wherein the metering module samples supply voltages or supply currents of the AC electrical service at frequency-locked points to obtain frequency-locked samples, the frequency-locked points relating to zero-crossing points of the supply voltages or supply currents of the AC electrical service, the frequency-locked samples being obtained a predetermined number of times per cycle; and
wherein the metering module samples the supply voltages or supply currents of the AC electrical service at time-locked points to obtain time-locked samples, the time-locked points being independent of the frequency-locked points and corresponding to predetermined moments of time during a predetermined time interval.
2. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing module further comprises
a first buffer that stores the frequency-locked samples; and
a second buffer that stores the time-locked samples.
3. The intelligent electronic device of claim 2, wherein the processing module synchronizes the frequency-locked samples stored in the first buffer with the time-locked samples stored in the second buffer.
4. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing module performs harmonic analysis on the frequency-locked samples.
5. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing module performs energy calculations on the frequency-locked samples.
6. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing module performs waveform analysis on the time-locked samples.
7. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the zero-crossing points are moments of time when a polarity of the supply voltages or the supply currents changes from a negative polarity to a positive polarity or when a polarity of the supply voltages or the supply currents changes from a positive polarity to a negative polarity.
8. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, further comprising a user interface unit that displays the at least one parameter, frequency-locked samples, time-locked samples, data processed by the processing module, or configuration settings of the intelligent electronic device.
9. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, further comprising a communication module that transmits, to a remote terminal, the at least one parameter, frequency-locked samples, time-locked samples, data processed by the processing module, or configuration settings of the intelligent electronic device.
10. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein said intelligent electronic device is selected from the group consisting of a digital electrical power and energy meter, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a Remote Terminal Unit, a protective relay, or a fault recorder.
11. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein said intelligent electronic device is a digital electrical power and energy meter.
12. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the metering module comprises a voltage analog-to-digital converter and a current analog-to-digital converter, the voltage analog-to-digital converter and current analog-to-digital converter being synchronized with each other using the zero-crossing points.
13. The intelligent electronic device of claim 1, wherein the processing module comprises at least one voltage analog-to-digital converter and at least one current analog-to-digital converter, the at least one voltage analog-to-digital converter and at least one current analog-to-digital converter being synchronized with each other using the zero-crossing points.
14. A method of using an intelligent electronic device to measure and process at least one parameter of an AC electrical service, the method comprising the steps of:
sampling supply voltages or supply currents of the AC electrical service at frequency-locked points using a metering module to obtain frequency-locked samples, the frequency-locked points relating to zero-crossing points of the supply voltages or supply currents of the AC electrical service, the frequency-locked samples being obtained a predetermined number of times per cycle; and
sampling the supply voltages or supply currents of the AC electrical service at time-locked points using the metering module to obtain time-locked samples, the time-locked points being independent of the frequency-locked points and corresponding to predetermined moments of time during a predetermined time interval.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the zero-crossing points are moments of time when a polarity of the supply voltages or the supply currents changes from a negative polarity to a positive polarity or when a polarity of the supply voltages or the supply currents changes from a positive polarity to a negative polarity.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one parameter is a total harmonic distortion or harmonics thereof.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one parameter is selected from the group consisting of a line voltage, a line current, a phase voltage, a phase current, a root mean square (RMS) value, energy, revenue, real power, reactive power, total power, and a power factor.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one parameter is selected from the group consisting of a waveform of a line voltage, a waveform of a line current, a waveform of a phase voltage, and a waveform of a phase current.
19. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of synchronizing a voltage analog-to-digital converter of the metering and a current analog-to-digital converter of the metering module using the zero-crossing points.
20. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of processing the at least one parameter, frequency-locked samples, and time-locked samples using a processing module.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of synchronizing at least one voltage analog-to-digital converter of the processing module and at least one current analog-to-digital converter of the processing module with each other using the zero-crossing points.
US13/315,521 2005-01-27 2011-12-09 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof Active US8620608B2 (en)
US12/056,955 Continuation US8078418B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2008-03-27 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof
US14/103,250 Continuation US9194898B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2013-12-11 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof
US20120078555A1 US20120078555A1 (en) 2012-03-29
US8620608B2 true US8620608B2 (en) 2013-12-31
US13/315,521 Active US8620608B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2011-12-09 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof
US14/103,250 Active US9194898B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2013-12-11 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof
US14/948,542 Active US9903895B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2015-11-23 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof
US15/893,990 Pending US20180238942A1 (en) 2005-01-27 2018-02-12 Intelligent electronic device and method thereof
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2018-02-12 US US15/893,990 patent/US20180238942A1/en active Pending
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