Source: https://www.readkong.com/page/contents-page-4970903
Timestamp: 2019-12-15 18:49:33
Document Index: 143048635

Matched Legal Cases: ['ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 5', 'art 5', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'art 5', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 7', 'ART 4', 'ART 7', 'ART 5', 'ART 7']

CONTENTS .PAGE
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A1 updated 4/12/2014 CONTENTS . . PAGE 7.1 CONTENT AND STRUCTURE . A3 7.2 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ISSUES . A3 7.3 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES . A4 7.4 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY . A5 7.5 IMPLEMENTATION . A7 7.6 THE ZONES . A12 7.7 RULES : ACTIVITIES . A22 7.8 RULES : DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS . C1 Note re Page Numbering For the purpose of page numbering this Part has been divided into subsections. This assists with the production of updated sections of the Plan for subscribers. It is also in keeping with the format of the on-line version of the Plan.
Page numbering is sequenced as follows: Page A1, A2, A3 etc Page B1, B2, B3 etc Page C1, C2, C3 etc PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY Plan change annotations - key Indicates where content is affected by proposed plan modification x. Refer to plan modification folder or website for details. Indicates where the content is part of plan modification x, which is  subject to appeal.
Underlined content to be inserted. Struck through content to be deleted. x x
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page A2 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A3 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section The Plan recognises that: • Residential activity is the major land use occurring on the Isthmus; • Residential areas are collectively made up of a broad range of communities and neighbourhoods, reflecting different lifestyles, aspirations and built environments; • Residential activity is comprised of a range of elements that contribute to the environmental qualities of the various residential areas; • Residential activity requires particular measures to be adopted that manage residential areas in a manner which maintains and enhances their amenity values while ensuring the efficient use and development of the natural and physical resources concerned.
This Part is presented as follows - • Resource Management Issues This outlines the significant resource management issues concerning residential activity within the district. • Resource Management Objectives and Policies This outlines how this Part intends to deal with the identified residential activity issues. • Resource Management Strategy This outlines the strategy for managing activities and development within a variety of residential zones and explains the reasons for the management approach, together with anticipated results.
• Implementation This outlines and gives an explanation of the methods adopted to meet the objectives, policies and strategy for the residential zones. • Zones This outlines the different residential zones adopted by the Plan and explains their application. • Activities This specifies the rules required to implement the policies by regulating or allowing certain activities to give effect to the residential resource management policies. • Development Controls This specifies the development control rules which the Plan adopts to ensure that the actual or potential effects of activities within the residential zones do not adversely affect the environment.
The Plan seeks to create a resource management approach that maintains the high environmental quality of the district's residential areas, while providing opportunity for development and activity at a level and form that meets the needs of this and future generations. It must also address the following issues: • The need to provide for residential growth through intensification in a manner that gives effect to the Growth Concept of the Auckland Regional Growth Management Strategy, the Auckland Regional Policy Statement, and the Council's adopted Growth Management Strategy. The Future Planning Framework and the outcomes of the precinct plans and liveable community plans should also be utilised to guide development.
• The need to maintain and enhance a quality urban environment through urban design and the assessment of the character and qualities of the built environment; • The need to recognise, maintain and enhance the recognised character and amenity of established residential environments; • The need to provide opportunities for innovation and flexibility in accommodating demands for new and different housing solutions; • The need to provide for activities where they complement the residential environment. The objectives and the policies in regard to these issues are set out as follows: PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY 7.1 CONTENT AND STRUCTURE 7.2 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ISSUES
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page A4 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section To provide opportunities for residential growth in Auckland by encouraging suitable intensification of housing in appropriate locations. Policies • By selecting those residential areas which are suitable for further intensity and applying sufficiently liberal controls. • By identifying those residential areas which are appreciated for their special character and applying controls which will maintain and enhance their special character.
• By providing for a graded intensity in residential development potential across the Isthmus to permit variety in environment and lifestyle.
• By regulating the intensity of new residential development according to the availability of public utilities and services and to foster their efficient use. • By providing for and encouraging facilities and services to enable higher intensity residential development in proximity to major public transport corridors, nodes and retail centres. • By providing for residential redevelopment opportunities in former non-residential buildings and locations.
• By providing opportunities for a more compact urban lifestyle within specified growth areas through the application of the Residential 8 zone. • By avoiding or mitigating conflict or incompatibility (including reverse sensitivity effects) between new land uses and both existing and planned future regionally significant infrastructure. For the purpose of this Objective “planned future regionally significant infrastructure” is regionally significant infrastructure which is the subject of a Notice of Requirement designation or resource consent or which otherwise has statutory planning approval.
To identify, maintain and enhance the recognised character and amenity of residential environments. Policies • By ensuring that the type and intensity of residential activity in each area occurs at a level capable of being sustained by the local environment. • By adopting measures aimed at maintaining and enhancing the legacy elements, characteristics and qualities of certain residential areas. To provide for a broad and flexible range of residential development while offering reasonable protection to the amenities of neighbouring properties and the local environment.
Policies • By providing for a wide variety of households as may be appropriate to the site and local environment characteristics to satisfy the diverse needs of present and future residents.
• By adopting planning controls which are sufficiently liberal to allow the creation of a wide range of housing types. • By ensuring that planning controls and bylaws are only imposed to achieve specific objectives and/or to remedy a particular problem. • By primarily applying development controls which maintain the amenities of neighbouring sites. • By applying minimum control to maintain on-site amenities and to maintain flexibility for future occupants.
To recognise that certain non-residential activities can be located in residential areas in a way which maintains and enhances the amenities of the area and enables people to provide for their social, economic and cultural well-being, and for their health and safety. Policies • By providing for non-residential activities in certain residential areas where the activities are not disruptive of residential amenities. • By permitting ancillary work opportunities by way of home occupations. • By taking into account the impact of location, scale, and generated effect on neighbouring sites and the local environment when administering development controls in relation to non-residential activities in residential zones.
7.3 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES 7.3.1 OBJECTIVE 7.3.2 OBJECTIVE 7.3.3 OBJECTIVE 7.3.4 OBJECTIVE
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A5 updated 4/12/2014 To promote high quality distinctively Auckland urban design within specified residential areas of the city. Policies • By applying urban design rules, criteria and guidelines to areas where higher density development is promoted. • By requiring new multi-unit development to complement the context of the surrounding neighbourhood, reinforce distinctive local character and maintain amenity values.
Auckland's population will continue to gradually increase. Since the Isthmus is substantially built up, there are few vacant sites available for further subdivision. Provision for additional housing will largely be made through infill and new development in existing residential areas. The Plan recognises and addresses the need for residential growth and the constraints placed on it in terms of: • infrastructure limitation; and • the concern of the community to maintain and enhance the particularly appreciated existing character of residential areas.
The Plan seeks to achieve a balance between maintaining the established residential character of areas while providing sufficient flexibility to allow further development.
More compact urban residential living will be promoted within specified growth areas through a process of consultation with the community and through the application of the Residential 8 zone. The community consultation process will develop a planning framework for managing future growth which facilitates the development of quality urban environments where people live within walking distance to work, schools, civic facilities, shops and parks and have easy access to public transport. The technique of grouping areas of similar character into residential zones is retained in the Plan. Within the zones there is flexibility which allows for the location of activities which can be serviced by the infrastructure in an area and which are compatible with its character and amenities.
The Plan's residential zoning pattern is designed to reflect the ability of the district to accommodate the additional residential development required to house Auckland's growing population. In addition to character and amenity, the elements that assist in determining the intensity of residential development appropriate to an area are • drainage • roading • public transport • access to community services, business centres and areas of open space • natural hazards. Drainage The Isthmus' drainage system requires upgrading. This work is required whether or not development intensification occurs.
If residential activity is intensified this will increase the urgency of this work, as well as adding to the costs of further development. The cost of upgrading will ultimately be borne by the community. Further development could provide a positive benefit by actually increasing the community's ability to pay the costs of upgrading. Higher density development will be provided for in those areas where the overall potential of the drainage system has been classified as suitable for further development. Certain areas of the district would have the potential to support further development but inadequate sanitary drainage means that such development must be limited until the drainage system has been upgraded.
Roading High intensity residential development will continue to be provided for on the regional and district arterial roads. These roads have substantial vehicle carrying capacities and are the major focuses for the public transport system and the district's shopping facilities. However, methods may need to be employed to mitigate the effects of new, more intensive developments accessing directly onto the regional arterial roads. Sufficient space must be provided on these sites to accommodate the vehicle requirements (ie parking, loading, and on-site manoeuvring) generated by activities on these sites.
On non-arterial roads, residential density is unlikely to be constrained by capacity but will be influenced by safety issues and the acceptability of increased flows to existing residents.
Public Transport The Council recognises the desirability of land use policies complementing the community's investment in an effective public transport system. This is reflected in policies which seek to promote higher intensity residential development on 7.3.5 OBJECTIVE 7.4 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY 7.4.1 GROWTH THROUGH INTENSIFICATION
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page A6 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section major public transport routes. Higher density redevelopment has already occurred in some of these areas.
In addition the Council is committed to supporting an efficient public transport system. Such a system will be assisted through increased densities and intensification of activities on the major public transport corridors. Access For convenience and the promotion of the sustainability of the community's resources, access to • community services • business centres • open space • leisure activities • public transport is an important factor in the residential zoning pattern. The Plan encourages, through higher densities, the concentration of residential activity around these facilities in order to • maximise the investment in them • to ensure that no unnecessary duplication occurs • to encourage where possible, the efficient use of energy resources.
The concentration of higher residential density in areas well served by such facilities will reduce pressure on areas with unsuitable access and infrastructure. Natural Hazards Development in certain areas of the Isthmus will be constrained by natural hazards. Landslip, subsidence and areas prone to flooding are the natural hazards of particular concern. Certain areas of the Isthmus are known to be susceptible to these natural hazards. The Plan seeks to promote land stability, minimise flooding and ensure that the environment is not vulnerable to landslip, subsidence and flooding.
Natural hazard areas can change over time due to a worsening of the problem or through engineering improvements.
As a consequence, a specific hazard zone has not been adopted. However, additional development controls and appropriate restrictions may be imposed on development in these areas (refer PART 5D - NATURAL HAZARDS). These include controlling the removal of vegetation, restricting earthworks, and control on the location of buildings. In providing for further residential development the Plan seeks to ensure that the individual amenity of each residential area is maintained and that development occurs at levels appropriate to each locality. The identification of the physical character of residential neighbourhoods has been an important ingredient in the determination of the residential zones and their permitted density, activities and development controls.
In certain areas this character is so special as to warrant its retention. This has resulted in a series of special character zones being identified on the Isthmus (namely the Residential 1 to 4 zones). These areas are a key part of Auckland's built legacy, but their amenity value is fragile and could be damaged by the demolition/removal of buildings and by unsympathetic or discordant land development, building forms and densities. These areas represent a scarce legacy from the City's past. They require retention in order that they may survive and be appreciated by future generations. The special character zoning will result in the maintenance of the special character of these areas.
Controls are applied to retain the particular element(s) or qualities which give each area its character, such as development intensity, form, lot size, building style, mature planting. The level of control varies according to the intent of the zone. The special character zones are in general distinct from Conservation Areas as identified in Part 5C.7.2 of the Plan. The generally more strict and specific rules applying to Conservation Areas are in addition to the rules of the underlying special character zone.
The standard residential zones accommodate the community's demand for additional housing on the Isthmus. These zones are dispersed throughout the Isthmus. They will provide varying opportunities for increases in the resident population, as well as facilitating the development of a range of residential housing types and environments. In these residential zones regard is had for the local environment and measures are adopted to secure amenity values. The zoning pattern reflects the local variations in topography, subdivision size, built form, and levels of development. These factors have, over time, contributed to people's appreciation of an area's pleasantness.
These standard residential zones allow a greater degree of flexibility of building design than the special character residential zones. Household size and the composition of the City's population is expected to alter continually. As well as the traditional family units, Auckland's population comprises a variety of 7.4.2 CHARACTER AND AMENITY 7.4.3 INNOVATION AND FLEXIBILITY
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A7 updated 4/12/2014 groups, with different housing needs. The housing needs of these diverse groups are recognised. But rather than aiming to anticipate every possible housing need, the Plan provides a range of residential densities and contains sufficiently flexible controls to allow the creation of a wide range of housing types. Planning mechanisms have been developed to encourage innovative and integrated approaches to the provision of a wide range of residential accommodation. These developments are expected to involve concepts or characteristics of merit in terms of their location, intensity, form, content or tenure which warrant special provision.
Planning requirements provide sufficient flexibility to facilitate housing types which are culturally appropriate. A broad range of activities are provided for in residential areas. However, not all of these activities will be appropriate in every residential area. Because certain residential areas may need greater protection, a limited range of activities is considered appropriate. In the higher intensity residential areas a wider range of activities is provided for, where these activities benefit or service the residential area. Certain activities can generate effects which may adversely impact on the amenities of adjacent residential sites and the surrounding neighbourhood.
These impacts will be controlled to ensure a reasonable level of protection. Good urban design is an essential factor in ensuring that the amenity of residential areas is maintained and enhanced, particularly those where higher density development is encouraged. In such areas good urban design, rather than density, is the predominant factor in maintaining amenity for both residents of a development and neighbours. The Plan recognises that good urban design is not only achieved through specific rules, and so multi-unit development over a certain scale and new residential development in specified growth areas is subject to a resource consent process with related urban design assessment criteria.
Residential activity is the major land use on the Isthmus. The resource management strategy adopted in the Plan for residential activity will enable all sections of the district's residents to meet their housing needs.
There will be a level of control on residential activity that provides flexibility for development, while ensuring that the character and amenity of the district's many residential environments are maintained. The controls for amenities within a residential site will safeguard amenities for future residents, and will result in benefits being derived for the community as a whole. The comprehensive approach adopted to reduce any anticipated adverse impact on neighbouring sites and the local environment will achieve the residential objectives in the best practicable method. The approach is intended to avoid where possible the duplication of controls that in the past has restricted development to an unreasonable extent.
Residential areas that warrant particular consideration due to their special character have more restrictive controls applied in order to maintain their uniqueness and the particular elements or qualities that are characteristic of the streets and areas that warranted inclusion in the zone.
Areas able to sustain more intensive residential development due to the absence of infrastructural constraints and the presence of community facilities and services will benefit from the growth resulting from increased opportunities for new development. The flexibility offered in the residential rules will encourage innovation in respect to the creation of a range of housing types to meet the special housing needs of Auckland's diverse population. The activities that will locate within the district's residential areas are expected to supplement the amenities of the community. Activities are expected to control any anticipated adverse impacts to a level that ensures a reasonable level of amenity for neighbouring residential land and the general environment.
7.5.1.1 ZONING Zoning is used as the primary management technique determining the future distribution of residential activities on the Isthmus. It takes a traditional approach to the extent of identifying specific locations, but the distribution pattern is performance orientated. It is based on the actual physical characteristics and functions of activities and their effects on the local environment. This approach will ensure that the level of development permitted in each locality is compatible with the ability of the area to cope with additional development.
The zoning provisions are orientated towards providing greater flexibility for developers appropriate to the local environment, while attempting to maintain or even enhance the amenity values experienced by the local community.
7.4.4 ACTIVITIES 7.4.5 URBAN DESIGN 7.4.6 EXPECTED OUTCOMES 7.5 IMPLEMENTATION 7.5.1 PLAN METHODS
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page A8 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section Figure 7.1 outlines the process used in developing the residential zoning pattern. The distribution of the residential zones across the Isthmus has been determined by the interaction of the following principal factors: • Infrastructure constraints (in particular, drainage and roading); • Access to services, shopping, and leisure opportunities; • Local environment (topography, existing development); The zoning pattern is qualified by the identification of exceptional areas which warrant special controls or safeguards.
There are certain areas where controls are applied to maintain the particular elements or qualities which give each area its character, such as development intensity and form, lot sizes, building style, mature trees, etc. Special Character Residential Zones The Isthmus is largely developed. The Council therefore recognises that it is not solely the natural features such as landform, coastline and vegetation that contribute to the special character of environments. Some environments are special as a consequence of the presence of recognisable man-made features that form or create a cohesive character.
Other environments reflect a special character as a consequence of the presence of a mix of both natural and man-made features.
Certain environments within the Isthmus comprise features that are considered to justify controls on the premise that they are a scarce legacy to this generation. Specific measures have been incorporated in the Plan to ensure that these environments are able to be appreciated by future generations. Generally the value or special character of a particular environment is primarily viewed from the road. Other vantage points such as reserves, public thoroughfares, and the sea also offer opportunities for the public to gain an appreciation of this special character. When assessing the special character of an area the public visibility of its qualities will be an important factor.
Features that contribute to the special character of an environment include: • Landform; • Aspect - climate/views; • Age, style and condition of housing; • Lot size/width; • Set-back and density of housing; • In the residential 1 zone and the older less diversified parts of the residential 2 zone, window/wall ratios; • In the residential 1 zone and the older less diversified parts of the residential 2 zone, traditional gabled and/or hipped (with lean-tos to the rear), pitched roof forms; • In many parts of the zones a transparent and interactive relationship between building and street; • The 'grain' of the area - the size, spacing and rhythm of street-front buildings; • Character of front yard; • Character of street - width, berms, etc; • Presence of trees and shrubs, on/off street; • Property boundary definition - hedges, fences, walls; • Quietness/seclusion; • Historical ambience.
In each case, there needs to be a measure of coherence to bind an area together in terms of some of these features. Special character is apparent when: • components such as buildings, trees and views combine to create a distinctive character; and/or • landform or setting makes an important contribution to this character; and/or • the scale and/or style of subdivision pattern and/or building has a high degree of coherence and continuity, and/or has remained relatively free of intrusions; and/or • there is a predominance or cohesion of individual buildings which are individually of merit. Three types of special residential character have been identified on the Isthmus (set out in the following table).
These range from those in which the built environment predominates to those where the flora predominates. Between the two lie combinations of built and natural landscapes and vegetation.
Examples of these environments may be found in various locations around the Isthmus and as a consequence sub-zones have been developed to account for particular variations. The special character zones sit within a continuum of provisions in the Plan. While heritage is distinct from character, both contribute to the continuum of legacy environmental attributes. The highest level of protection is by the scheduling of specific heritage buildings within the Plan, followed by the Conservation Areas, and then the controls within special character zones. Refer to Part 5C.5 IMPLEMENTATION for further detail on scheduled features and Conservation Areas.
Depending upon the uniqueness and scarcity of the particular character, various degrees of control apply within the special character zones. The control regime for the special character residential zones involves a progression of control and emphasis between the predominantly “built” and the predominantly “natural” type of residential environment (from the Residential 1 zone to the Residential 4 zone). In each of the special character
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A9 updated 4/12/2014 residential zones the controls reflect and reinforce the identified character of an area.
Controls specific to these zones include: • density limits; • limits on infill; • controls on bulk and location for buildings; • design and appearance criteria for external alterations/ additions and new buildings (including the Architectural Design Guidelines); • earthworks control; • control on demolitions and/or removal of buildings. Other development controls are applied in common with the standard residential zones.
In general the controls will have the outcome of maintaining the special character of a street and/or area. In addition, the controls are expected to provide a climate of stability and certainty that will encourage private owners to maintain and rehabilitate their period homes. This should help to ensure the maintenance of the special character of the City's early timber built suburbs. In particular areas, the controls will also secure the retention of extensive areas of trees which provide special neighbourhood character.
While these controls seek to achieve the maintenance of the special character of particular areas, it is acknowledged that the general character of these areas is also affected by the design and appearance of streetscapes, road works and services.
Therefore the Council will develop and promote local traffic management techniques, service provision (eg undergrounding), and pavement and kerbing design and road planting programmes, where appropriate, which are sympathetic to the objectives and policies of the special character zones.
The Plan does not intend that the elements or qualities which give the special character zones their uniqueness be kept from change (i.e are 'frozen in time'). It is also not intended that any new building in these zones should be period replicas. Rather it is intended that development as a whole is sympathetic to, and respects, such elements, ensuring that the special character of an area is retained. IDENTIFY SPECIAL CHARACTER AREAS IDENTIFY LAND SUBJECT TO NATURAL HAZARDS IDENTIFY LAND SUBJECT TO INFRASTRUCTURAL CONSTRAINTS Develop area specific controls to foster and enhance character Develop specific controls to mitigate the effects of natural hazards IDENTIFY DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL Deferred Limited Preferred LOCAL ENVIRONMENT - neighbourhood characteristics - aspect - site characteristics - orientation - existing built form ACCESS - community facilities - retail centres - open space - transport (public) RANGE OF ZONING OPPORTUNITES LAND Figure 7.1 Residential Zoning Process
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page A10 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section Standard Residential Zones Three types of standard residential zone (low intensity, medium intensity and high intensity) have been identified on the Isthmus. These aim to recognise the wide variety of residential opportunities and environments that currently exist, as well as providing opportunities for the development of further housing. Unlike the Residential 1-4 zones, the other residential areas of the district do not have an identifiable and quantifiable special character.
The built form, age of development, vegetation and landform varies considerably throughout. Within these areas however, a combination of factors can be found that set areas apart from others. In some areas it is the low intensity of existing residential development. In others, it is the diverse form of existing development. Changes in Zoning Provision is made for changes to occur in the residential zoning pattern. It is recognised that over time the local environment and infrastructural constraints in a residential area, that initially determined its zoning, may change. In such circumstances the zone applied may no longer be appropriate.
Where this occurs the Council may either initiate a change to the Plan or may consider a formal request for a change from residents in the area. In assessing a change in zoning the Council will consider: • The physical characteristics and functions of activities provided for in the proposed zone and their effect on the local environment; • Methods of ensuring that the amenity values experienced by the local community will not be adversely affected and where possible will be enhanced by the proposed zone; • Ensuring that factors such as any infrastructural constraints experienced by the local environment (in particular drainage and roading), and the ability for development to access services, shopping and leisure opportunities, are at a level consistent with the intensity of development likely to result from the proposed zone.
7.5.1.2 ACTIVITIES Residential accommodation is the primary activity provided for in all the residential zones. The type of accommodation and scale of intensity is determined in accordance with the zonal objectives and policies where appropriate. In the less intense residential zones the predominance of established and appreciated residential activities contribute largely to the zones character. The range of activities is accordingly limited to ensure the retention of that predominantly residential character. A wide range of activities is permitted in the higher density residential zones where provision is made for ancillary activities which either provide a service to the surrounding residential neighbourhoods or may provide limited employment opportunities.
The effects likely to be generated by home occupations, care centres and rest homes at the specified intensity levels are not anticipated to differ from those generated by residential units at the density level provided for in each of the zones. The intensity levels are derived from the Plan's definition of 'household'. The definition includes a group of up to eight unrelated persons. It is considered that by keeping the intensity level for these activities in line with those for CONTINUUM OF TYPE ZONE NAME CHARACTER (ABBREVIATED) EXAMPLES Built Environment Residential 1 Built Largely, Victorian/ Edwardian housing, with somemodificationandinfill.
Generally a lack of large trees.
Much of Ponsonby, and parts of Mt Eden Composite Built and Natural Environment Residential 2 Built/Flora Residential 3 Built/Landform Garden suburbs of the Edwardian villa/English cottage periods. Many large trees. Residential areas occupying slopes of volcanic cones. Entrican Avenue Landscape Road Pere Street Summit Drive (Mt Albert) Natural Landscape Residential 4 Flora dominant Natural forest, undisturbed but zoned for limited residential use. Granny's Bay
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A11 updated 4/12/2014 residential units, the residential character and amenities of the locality will be maintained.
The use of artificial lighting in a residential area can have a significant adverse effect if light spill and glare impacts on adjoining sites. In general the use of artificial lighting is controlled by the methods outlined in CLAUSE 4.6 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING of the Plan. However where the illuminance of the artificial lighting exceeds 150 lux at ground level, additional control and assessment is considered necessary in order to ensure that any adverse effect is avoided, reduced or mitigated. Therefore the use of artificial lighting producing an illuminance over 150 lux at ground level, is a discretionary activity in the residential zones.
7.5.1.3 DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS The primary purpose of the development controls is to afford a reasonable level of amenity values, and the natural and physical resources appreciated by the community. The community has come to expect certain amenity standards within their residential areas. To ensure these standards are achieved a range of development controls are included in the Plan. The development controls set for residential areas are in many instances more restrictive than those for the other activity areas.
The Plan seeks to regulate the type and intensity of residential land use at a level capable of being sustained by the local environment. A core group of controls apply to the range of standard residential zones. They seek to promote zonal objectives and policies. In the Residential 1 to 4 zones they are applied to maintain the particular elements or qualities and characteristics which give each area its special character and amenity, such as development intensity and form, lot size, building style, mature trees etc. Not all residential character areas require the same level of protection.
Depending upon the uniqueness and scarcity value of the particular character, various degrees of protection apply. The Plan seeks to control the type and/or height of fences or walls and other structures constructed within the required front yard of sites in the Residential 1 and 2 zone to ensure that those elements or qualities that characterise areas within the zone are maintained. In the Residential 5 to 7 zones the controls are primarily designed to afford reasonable control for the amenity values and natural and physical resources of the general environment. They also provide a reasonable degree of amenity on multi- unit development sites.
Some of these controls, eg building coverage, landscaped permeable surface, and paved impermeable surface, are applied to safeguard the natural environment by reducing loads on the local drainage infrastructure and for amenity reasons by reducing building bulk and paved surfaces. Other controls including noise, access and parking controls, apply across all the zones. A modification to one or more of the development controls in certain circumstances is provided for in Clause 4.3.1.2B. DEVELOPMENT CONTROL MODIFICATION.
7.5.1.4 FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS The Council is permitted under Section 108 of the Act to take financial contributions for any purposes stated in the Plan. Financial contributions are used extensively in the Plan in the management of residential development and activities for the following purposes: • Reserves; • Infrastructure; • Environmental protection including protection of coastal areas; • Heritage protection. Financial contributions may take the form of cash, land, works and services or a combination of these. Where a financial contribution is required it will in general be obtained as a condition of a subdivision or land use consent.
Financial contributions for reserve purposes will be required from most residential development and so are required as a condition of a permitted activity. Reference should be made to PART 4B - FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTIONS of this Plan to gain an understanding of the application of financial contributions to residential development on the Isthmus.
7.5.1.5 ACCESSORY BUILDINGS The Plan provides for accessory buildings which are incidental to other buildings and permitted activities in the residential zones. Accessory buildings may include garages, carports, glasshouses, sleepouts, games rooms, spa pools, swimming pools or other similarly incidental uses. None of the residential zones have any specific development controls, such as additional size or height limits, for accessory buildings. Rather the same development controls apply to both accessory buildings and residential units. This allows people a considerable degree of flexibility in the arrangement and use of buildings on a residential property.
The key characteristic of accessory buildings is their incidental nature. The Plan does not intend that they be used to provide self-contained residential accommodation. Rather the density rules of the Plan must be complied with. At times it can be difficult to determine whether a proposed building fits into the definition of ‘accessory building’. In determining whether a development is an accessory building, or a residential unit, or neither, the Council will have regard to the following matters: 1. The functions that the building performs, or is likely to perform given its design and internal layout; 2.
The size and location of the building in relation to existing residential unit(s) on the site; 3. Whether the building provides, or is capable of providing, all the residential needs of one or more inhabitants.
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN Page A12 ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 updated 4/12/2014 See key on page 1 of this section The Act requires the Council to consider alternative methods of achieving the purposes of the Act in addition to District Plan rules. For these alternative methods see ANNEXURE 1. 7.6.1.1 OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES Objective To ensure the survival of the form and pattern of subdivision, buildings and streetscape in Auckland's early- established residential neighbourhoods.
Policies • By maintaining the authentic character of the zone in relation to activities and development, and by preventing other work which is not in sympathy with the special character.
• By requiring renovation and new building construction in a manner which maintains the historical form, pattern, intensity and grain of buildings and streetscape in the areas to which the zone is applied. • By maintaining the special level of amenity that exists in the area, against the adverse effects of more intensive non-residential activities.
• By imposing provisions which seek to maintain and as appropriate enhance the amenity of the streetscape appearance of these areas through controlling structures in the front yard and through road maintenance and improvements compatible with the character of the vicinity. • By providing for activities to be conducted in existing buildings that can ensure the restoration and maintenance of the fabric of any building on the site, where the building is of the characteristic period. • By encouraging, where practical, the construction of garages and carports to the rear of, underneath (where appropriate in terms of topography), or alongside the building on the site to ensure the front garden and façade remain visible to the streetscape.
• By controlling the demolition/removal of buildings constructed prior to 1940 where they contribute positively to the special character of the streetscape. 7.6.1.2 STRATEGY The Residential 1 zone's environment is an essential element of Auckland's built legacy, which has been described as 'the most extensive range of timbered housing with its classical details and mouldings in the world'. In this zone the houses are largely Victorian-Edwardian but some modification has occurred with later infill such as the very plain 'transitional'- style bungalow of the 1910's. The houses generally stand close to the street and each other on narrow small sites.
There are streets within the zone, (eg Renall Street) which show particular coherence of form and character. These will be subject to additional controls as Conservation Areas (see PART 5C - HERITAGE).
In this environment, built form predominates and is finely articulated. Typically, the front garden is open to view, often beyond a low picket fence, which is an important element of the streetscape. There is generally a lack of large trees. Two types of character exist within the zone. In one type, exemplified by Wanganui Avenue, the street layout is rectilinear, there is consistency of lot size and building set back, and period styles tend to be repeated. In the other type, as in Vine/Melford Street, there is a variety of lot sizes and a rich profusion of period styles.
In light of the special character of the areas encompassed within the Residential 1 zone, new building construction, other than minor works as described, requires a resource consent in order that compliance with the relevant objectives, policies and rules can be assessed.
For new buildings and external alterations/additions, appropriate design criteria (including Architectural Design Guidelines) are applied to maintain consistency of building set-back and of architectural mass, form, proportion, detail and materials within the zone, including treatment of the front boundary. Because of the small lot sizes, buildings are permitted to cover a larger proportion of the sites than in the standard zones. The building set-back for dwelling construction is determined on a lining-up basis. As the streetscape is an important element in the Residential 1 zone, it is expected that the provision of off-street parking will be in the form of a car parking pad or a single width garage or carport (under certain circumstances) if located to the front of the existing building on the site (particularly within the front yard).
It is expected that double garages or carports will be located to the rear of, alongside or underneath (where appropriate in terms of topography) the existing building on the site, to ensure that visibility of the existing building from the street is maintained. Controls are applied to the erection of walls, fences and other structures at the front boundary. Generally walls and fences shall be required to be characteristic of the special character in the zone. There will however be exceptional cases such as a street on a lava flow in basaltic volcanic areas with a legacy of scoria walls which should be maintained.
Concrete block or stucco walls should generally be avoided. 7.5.2 OTHER METHODS 7.6 THE ZONES 7.6.1 RESIDENTIAL 1 (BUILT)
PART 7 - RESIDENTIAL ACTIVITY CITY OF AUCKLAND - DISTRICT PLAN ISTHMUS SECTION - OPERATIVE 1999 Page A13 updated 4/12/2014 Subdivision is permitted down to a lot size of 400 m², to recognise and maintain the close-knit character of the area. Within the Residential 1 zone there are existing buildings and activities that are not residential in nature. These have generally been included in the Residential 1 zone because the activity is representative of the built legacy and character that the zone is seeking to promote or because the building in which the activity is located is characteristic of the period that the zone is seeking to retain.
In many cases the activity has been present on the site from the building’s time of construction. As a consequence the activity itself is able to provide a link with Auckland’s heritage. In other instances the presence of the activity has and will continue to ensure that the building is maintained and enhanced. A special level of amenity exists in the area which requires to be maintained from the adverse effects of intensive activities. Activities will require consent in order that the compatibility of the particular activity with the special character of the area can be assessed.
The total or substantial demolition or removal of buildings (more than 30% by volume and excluding accessory buildings) is controlled so that consideration can be given to the extent the building contributes to the special characteristics and qualities of the streetscape.
Demolition or removal below this threshold will be considered as an external alteration. The exclusion of accessory buildings from this provision does not extend to the demolition of an accessory building on a property scheduled (i.e site and surrounds) in the Plan. Refer to clause 5C.7.1.3 for such accessory buildings.
7.6.1.3 EXPECTED OUTCOMES The controls in the Residential 1 zone are expected to provide a climate of stability and certainty. This will encourage private owners to maintain and rehabilitate their period homes in a manner that is in keeping with the form of the surrounding built environment. The provisions of the Residential 1 zone will also ensure that new building construction is sympathetic to, and consistent with, the elements and qualities of the surviving original character that give areas in this zone their special character. 7.6.2.1 OBJECTIVE[S] AND POLICIES Objective To maintain the architectural values of buildings which contribute to the special character of the streetscape.
Policies • By ensuring renovation of existing buildings and new buildings maintain the legacy form and pattern of buildings, open space and distinctive streetscapes of areas included in the zone.
• By maintaining the architectural values of period housing predominant in the street. • By controlling the demolition/removal of buildings constructed prior to 1940 where they contribute positively to the special character of the streetscape. Objective To maintain the landscape qualities of those residential areas which display a special blend of built and natural features, generally involving period housing, coupled with the presence of trees. Policies • By maintaining the quality of spaciousness which characterises areas included in the zone. • By requiring the retention of the larger trees, located on private property, roads and reserves, which give areas included in the zone a distinctive character.
• By requiring replacement planting to maintain the landscape qualities and spaciousness of areas in this zone. Replacement with indigenous trees will be encouraged when this is the traditional pattern of planting in the area or when an indigenous tree has been removed.
• By ensuring that the spacious and well-landscaped front yards which are typical of land in this zone retain a reasonable degree of visibility from the street. Streetscape Character, Streetscape Value or Character of the Streetscape means: The image and perception of a street which includes the composition of elements in a street, that combine to create the urban landscape, including the natural and built features and the spatial qualities of the street. This definition applies to only the Residential 2 zone and does not apply to any other parts of the District Plan. 7.6.2.2 STRATEGY The Residential 2 zone is characterised by generously sized lots, wide roads and low densities.
Dwellings in the zone are generally set well back from the road, and there is an abundance of trees both on private and public land. House design and street character are typically that of the Edwardian villa suburb, the English cottage revival, and the garden suburb movement. In some roads there has been a degree of infill of a later period, but the original period remains dominant.
This zone also includes the best of the cottage-style State- designed housing of the late 1930s/early 1940s, characteristically set well back on the lots behind clean unfenced lawns. 7.6.2 RESIDENTIAL 2 (BUILT/FLORA)
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