Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6328436?dq=6289460
Timestamp: 2017-04-30 02:23:19
Document Index: 86984752

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09']

Patent US6328436 - Electro-static particulate source, circulation, and valving system for ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsIn a ballistic aerosol marking device or the like, marking material flows from a material reservoir to a delivery channel via a port. Flow of marking material is facilitated by the provision of electrostatic marking material moving structures in or near the walls of the marking material reservoir. Marking...http://www.google.com/patents/US6328436?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6328436 - Electro-static particulate source, circulation, and valving system for ballistic aerosol markingAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS6328436 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/474,690Publication dateDec 11, 2001Filing dateDec 29, 1999Priority dateSep 30, 1999Fee statusPaidPublication number09474690, 474690, US 6328436 B1, US 6328436B1, US-B1-6328436, US6328436 B1, US6328436B1InventorsPhilip D. Floyd, David K. Biegelsen, Eric Peeters, Frederick J. Endicott, Richard P. N. Veregin, Gregory B. Anderson, Karen A. Moffat, Maria N. V. McDougall, Jaan Noolandi, Armin R. Volkel, Tuan Anh Vo, Kaiser H. Wong, Peter M. KazmaierOriginal AssigneeXerox CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (121), Non-Patent Citations (20), Referenced by (7), Classifications (12), Legal Events (7) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetElectro-static particulate source, circulation, and valving system for ballistic aerosol marking
US 6328436 B1Abstract
In a ballistic aerosol marking device or the like, marking material flows from a material reservoir to a delivery channel via a port. Flow of marking material is facilitated by the provision of electrostatic marking material moving structures in or near the walls of the marking material reservoir. Marking material may be set into a continuous motion past the port and controllably extracted from the reservoir into the channel.
a marking material reservoir, said marking material reservoir having a plurality of electrodes and associated electrical interconnections disposed therewithin, said electrodes interconnected to establish a travelling electrostatic wave for movement of a dry particulate marking material located within said marking material reservoir; a structure having formed therein a channel for receiving said marking material from said ring material reservoir, said reservoir is provided with a lower surface, an upper surface, and first and second side surfaces, each side surface extending between and in physical contact with said lower surface and said upper surface, and further wherein said plurality of electrodes are disposed on said first and second side surfaces and said upper surface, and still further where said port is located in said upper surface, such that the plurality of electrodes causes portions of the marking material located within said reservoir to flow from a pool of marking material in a direction up said first side surface, along said upper surface and across said port, and down said second side surface there to return to the pool of marking material, and said metering device to selectively interrupt said flow and cause at least one of the portions of the marking material to travel through said port to thereby be introduced into said channel; a port communicatively connecting said marking material reservoir and said channel so as to allow said marking material to travel from said marking material reservoir to said channel; and a metering device associated with said port, said port to selectively introduce said marking material from said reservoir into said at least one channel; said traveling wave to assist with the transport of said marking material in a direction towards said port. 2. The marking apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first and second side surfaces are formed of a material having embedded therein said plurality of electrodes and associated electrical interconnections.
3. The marking apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first and second side surfaces are positioned a first distance apart where they connect with said lower surface and a second distance apart where they connect with said upper surface, said first distance being greater than said second distance.
4. The marking apparatus of claim 1, where said first and second side surfaces are formed of a material selected from the group comprising: glass, plastic, and ceramic.
5. The marking apparatus of claim 1, wherein said marking material reservoir has further formed therein driving circuitry for establishing and controlling a travelling wave across said plurality of electrodes.
6. The marking apparatus of claim 5, wherein the plurality of electrodes includes first electrodes located on said first side surface and second electrodes located on said second side surface, said driving circuitry driving said first electrodes synchronously with said second electrodes.
7. The marking apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least said upper surface and said first and second side surfaces are dielectrically encapsulated with a conformal coating.
8. The marking apparatus of claim 7, wherein said conformal coating is a deposition of parylene.
9. A material reservoir for a marking apparatus, the marking apparatus including a metering device for controllably introducing a dry particulate marking material into a channel and directing said marking material to a substrate, comprising:
a generally planar upper wall structure extending in a first plane and having first and second surfaces, said first surface being an electrode-bearing surface oriented to face toward said marking material reservoir, said second surface forming a part of said channel and oriented to face away from said marking material reservoir, said wall structure having a port formed therein which extends from said first surface to said second surface to thereby communicatively connect said marking material reservoir and said channel; first and second side walls, each side wall extending between and in physical contact with said substrate and said upper wall structure, each side wall having an electrode-bearing surface oriented such that the electrode-bearing surface of said first side wall is opposite of and facing said electrode-bearing surface of said second wall; and a generally planar ancillary wall structure extending in a plane generally parallel to said first plane, extending between but not in physical contact with said first and second side walls, and located proximate but not in physical contact with said upper surface, said ancillary wall structure having an electrode-bearing surface which is opposite of and facing said electrode-bearing surface of said upper wall structure, thereby defining an electrode transport passage between said upper wall structure and said ancillary wall structure; one mode of operation of electrodes in said electrode-bearing surfaces to produce travelling electrostatic waves to transport a portion of said dry particulate marking material in a flow from a pool of marking material in a direction up said first side wall, through said electrode transport passage between said upper wall structure and said ancillary wall structure and across said port, and down said second side wall there to return to the pool of marking material, said metering device to selectively interrupt said flow and cause marking material to travel through said port to thereby be introduced into said channel. 10. A removably replaceable cartridge for use in a marking apparatus of a type including a structure having a channel formed therein for receiving marking material from a marking material reservoir, comprising:
a marking material reservoir, said marking material reservoir having a plurality of electrodes and associated electrical interconnections disposed therewithin, said electrodes interconnected to establish a travelling electrostatic wave for movement of said marking material located within said marking material reservoir, said reservoir is provided with a lower surface, an upper surface, and first and second side surfaces, each side surface extending between and in physical contact with said lower surface and said upper surface, and further wherein said plurality of electrodes are disposed on said first and second side surfaces and said upper surface, said first and second side surfaces are formed of a material having embedded therein said plurality of electrodes and associated electrical interconnections, and still further where said port is located in said upper surface, such that the plurality of electrodes causes portions of the marking material located within said reservoir to flow from a pool of the marking material in a direction up said first side surface, along said upper surface and across said port, and down said second side surface there to return to the pool of the marking material, said metering device to selectively interrupt said flow and cause at least one of the portions of the marking material to travel through said port to thereby be introduced into said channel; a port communicatively connecting said marking material reservoir and said channel so as to allow said marking material to travel from said marking material reservoir to said channel; and a metering device associated with said port capable of selectively introducing said marking material from said reservoir into said at least one channel; whereby said traveling wave may assist with the transport of marking material in a direction towards said port. 11. The cartridge of claim 10, where said first and second side surfaces are formed of a material selected from the group comprising: glass, plastic, and ceramic.
12. The cartridge of claim 10, wherein said marking material reservoir has further formed therein driving circuitry for establishing and controlling a travelling wave across said plurality of electrodes.
13. The cartridge of claim 12, wherein said plurality of electrodes includes first electrodes located on said first side surface and second electrodes located on said second side surface; said driving circuitry to drive said first electrodes synchronously with said second electrodes.
14. A removably replaceable cartridge for use in a marking apparatus of a type including a structure having a channel formed therein for receiving marking material from a marking material reservoir, comprising:
a marking material reservoir, said marking material reservoir having a plurality of electrodes and associated electrical interconnections disposed therewithin, said electrodes interconnected to establish a travelling electrostatic wave for movement of said marking material located within said marking material reservoir, said reservoir is provided with a lower surface, an upper surface, and first and second side surfaces, each side surface extending between and in physical contact with said lower surface and said upper surface, said first and second side surfaces positioned a first distance apart where they connect with said lower surface and a second distance apart where they connect with said upper surface, said first distance being greater than said second distance and further wherein said plurality of electrodes are disposed on said first and second side surfaces and said upper surface, and still further where said port is located in said upper surface, such that the plurality of electrodes causes portions of the marking material located within said reservoir to flow from a pool of the marking material in a direction up said first side surface, along said upper surface and across said port, and down said second side surface there to return to the pool of the marking material, said metering device to selectively interrupt said flow and cause at least one of the portions of the marking material to travel through said port to thereby be introduced into said channel a port communicatively connecting said marking material reservoir and said channel so as to allow said marking material to travel from said marking material reservoir to said channel; and a metering device associated with said port capable of selectively introducing said making material from said reservoir into said at least one channel; whereby said traveling wave may assist with the transport of marking material in a direction towards said port. 15. A removably replaceable cartridge for use in a marking apparatus of a type including a structure having a channel formed therein for receiving marking material from a marking material reservoir, comprising:
a marking material reservoir, said marking material reservoir having a plurality of electrodes and associated electrical interconnections disposed therewithin, said electrodes interconnected to establish a travelling electrostatic wave for movement of said marking material located within said marking material reservoir, said reservoir is provided with a lower surface, an upper surface, and first and second side surfaces, said upper surface and said first and second side surfaces are dielectrically encapsulated with a conformal coating, each side surface extending between and in physical contact with said lower surface and said upper surface, and further wherein said plurality of electrodes are disposed on said first and second side surfaces and said upper surface, and still further where said port is located in said upper surface, such that the plurality of electrodes causes portions of the marking material located within said reservoir to flow from a pool of the marking material in a direction up said first side surface, along said upper surface and across said port, and down said second side surface there to return to the pool of the marking material, said metering device to selectively interrupt said flow and cause at least one of the portions of the marking material to travel through said port to thereby be introduced into said channel; a port communicatively connecting said marking material reservoir and said channel so as to allow said marking material to travel from said marking material reservoir to said channel; and a metering device associated with said port capable of selectively introducing said marking material from said reservoir into said at least on channel; whereby said traveling wave may assist with the transport of marking material in a direction towards said port. 16. The cartridge of claim 15, wherein said conformal coating is a deposition of parylene.
This application claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/157,100, filed Sep. 30, 1999, and hereby incorporates same by reference thereto.
The present invention is related to U.S. patent applications Ser. Nos. 09/163,893, 09/164,124, 09/164,250, 09/163,808, 09/163,765, 09/163,839, 09/163,954, 09/163,924, 09/163,904, 09/163,799, 09/163,664, 09/163,518, 09/164,104, 09/163,825, 08/128,160, 08/670,734, 08/950,300, 08/950,303, and 09/407,908, and issued U.S. patent Ser. No. 5,717,986, each of the above being incorporated herein by reference.
One problem common to ejection printing systems is that the channels may become clogged. Systems such as TIJ which employ aqueous ink colorants are often sensitive to this problem, and routinely employ non-printing cycles for channel cleaning during operation. This is required since ink typically sits in an ejector waiting to be ejected during operation, and while sifting may begin to dry and lead to clogging.
The present invention is employed in a novel system for applying a marking material to a substrate, directly or indirectly, which overcomes the disadvantages referred to above, as well as others discussed further herein. Ballistic aerosol marking apparatus and processes have been described in the aforementioned and incorporated U.S. patent applications, such as Ser. No. 09/163,893. In such an apparatus, a propellant is caused to flow through a channel, and marking material is selectively delivered to the channel whereby it is imparted with sufficient kinetic energy by the propellant stream to impact a substrate. A relatively large number of such channels may be employed to form a print head. Also, a multiplicity of marking materials may be delivered to the channels concurrently, whereby they are mixed in said channels prior to impacting the substrate. Single-pass color printing is one possible benefit obtained from this architecture.
The material to be applied to the substrate may be a solid or semi-solid particulate material such as a toner or variety of toners in different colors, a suspension of such a marking material in a carrier, a suspension of such a marking material in a carrier with a charge director, a phase change material, etc., both visible and non-visible. One preferred embodiment employs a marking material which is particulate, solid or semi-solid, and dry or suspended in a liquid carrier. Such a marking material is referred to herein as a particulate marking material. This is to be distinguished from a liquid marking material, dissolved marking material, atomized marking material, or similar non-particulate material, which is generally referred to herein as a liquid marking material. However, the present invention is able to utilize such a liquid marking material in certain applications, as otherwise described herein. Indeed, the present invention may also be employed in the use of non-marking materials, such as marking pre- and post-treatments, finishes, curing or sealing materials, etc., and accordingly the present disclosure and claims should be read to broadly encompass the transport and marking of wide variety of materials. Thus, the present invention and its various embodiments provide numerous advantages discussed above, as well as additional advantages which will be described in further detail below.
FIG. 9 is top view of a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a cross-section view of the ballistic aerosol marking apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 9.
FIG. 11 is cross-section view of a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is cross-section view of a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is cross-section view of a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is cross-section view of a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
In certain applications of the present invention, it may be desirable to apply a substrate surface pre-marking treatment. For example, in order to assist with the fusing of particulate marking material in the desired spot locations, it may be beneficial to first coat the substrate surface with an adherent layer tailored to retain the particulate marking material. Examples of such material include clear and/or colorless polymeric materials such as homopolymers, random copolymers or block copolymers that are applied to the substrate as a polymeric solution where the polymer is dissolved in a low boiling point solvent. The adherent layer is applied to the substrate ranging from 1 to 10 microns in thickness or preferably from about 5 to 10 microns thick. Examples of such materials are polyester resins either linear or branched, poly(styrenic) homopolymers, poly(acrylate) and poly(methacrylate) homopolymers and mixtures thereof, or random copolymers of styrenic monomers with acrylate, methacrylate or butadiene monomers and mixtures thereof, polyvinyl acetals, poly(vinyl alcohol), vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetal copolymers, polycarbonates and mixtures thereof and the like. This surface pretreatment may be applied from channels of the type described herein located at the leading edge of a print head, and may thereby apply both the pre-treatment and the marking material in a single pass. Alternatively, the entire substrate may be coated with the pre-treatment material, then marked as otherwise described herein. See U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/041,353, incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, in certain applications it may be desirable to apply marking material and pre-treatment material simultaneously, such as by mixing the materials in flight, as described further herein.
Circulation and Valving System
Here we describe an electrostatic, toner circulation and valving system which is compatible with compact fabrication for multiple colors in a single ballistic aerosol marking channel. Moreover, the design provides efficient and uniform sourcing of toner or other marking material over the entire array of channels.
FIG. 9 shows a schematic top view, and FIG. 10 shows a side view, of a set of ballistic aerosol marking channels 100. In the figure, propellant (e.g. air) flows from left to right continuously in each of the channels. Four vertical electrostatic particulate material transport devices of the type discussed in U.S. application Ser. Nos. 09/407,908, 09/407,332, or like valves are arrayed above and along each channel 100. Vertical walls 104 divide the toner circulation region of marking material reservoirs 106 into four (or more) chambers, one for each color (in this example, a four color marking device is described, however, it will be readily apparent that the present description applies to an arbitrary number of chambers and materials to be delivered from such chambers). The vertical walls 104 have embedded electrode structures 108 for electrostatic particulate material transport devices which transport marking material from a material cloud 114, up to an upper surface 110 of the material reservoir, thence along the surface to a port 112 containing an electrostatic valve 116, of a type described in U.S. application Ser. Nos. 09/163,893, 09/163,839, or other similar structure. Marking material is either accelerated through the valve 116, or is caused to pass by valve 116 based on the phasing of the valve waveforms (i.e., the valve is either attractive or repulsive depending on the phase). A phased accelerator electrode 118 on the opposite side of the channel 100 can also be used to attract or repel marking material. It should be noted that the material transport supplies all valves in parallel to minimize any depletion effects dependent on the state of other valves.
FIG. 10 illustrates a toner cloud 114, excited by a piezoelectric transducer, or other means such as aerosol flushing (not shown), which acts as a supply (and sink) for transport within the marking material reservior 106. (There are many ways to supply the toner to the transport 108, which have been enumerated in the aforementioned 09/163,893, for example a magnetic brush provides relatively uniform toner density to the transport.) The walls of cavity 106 may be fabricated from a variety of patternable materials, such as glass, plastic ceramic, etc. on which electrical circuitry may be formed (it should be noted that the driving circuitry for the transport may also be formed on the walls or other portions of cavity 106. In one embodiment, the transport electrodes (and possible driving and related circuitry) are formed photolithographically on two sides of the cavity walls. The electrodes on both sides of the walls may be driven synchronously by ganged drivers, for example at the ends of the walls. Marking material is carried continuously from the cloud 114, up the walls, transferred in phase to the top surface 110, then along to the next vertical wall where it is transported back to return to the toner cloud.
Partway within the top wall is valve 116, which may be a stacked device of the type described in the aforementioned and incorporated U.S. application Ser. No. 09/407,908. By phasing the valve 114 in or out of phase with the horizontal transport on surface 110, marking material can be attracted through or repelled from the orifice into the channel 100. The electrostatic forces are arranged to more than offset the residual aerodynamic forces arising from flow through the port due to pressure gradients between the pipe and toner source regions. The accelerator electrode 118 on the far side of channel 100 can also been used to provide additional field assistance in the valving. The top transport structure may be made from a 3- or 4-level metal flex or ceramic PC substrate. The substrate is bonded to a substrate body in which is formed the array of channels. The vertical walls may be bonded to the horizontal layer by one of various adhesive means using jigs to position and align the joints. If the PCB's are not already insulated, the system can then be dielectrically encapsulated using, for example, a thin, conformal deposition of parylene or other insulating film.
In FIG. 11 we show that the flexible vertical walls are fanned out before bonding to the lower transducer plate. The large marking material reservoirs 106 can be filled from their ends.
FIG. 12 shows, as an additional feature, an ancillary electrostatic material moving structure 120 to provide a 3-dimensional travelling wave. This is particularly useful to avoid marking material loss by dropping from surface 110 in the gravitational field. The device of this embodiment can also minimize detachment due to air streams from channel 100. The confined material delivery channel 122 has high air impedance and reduces back streaming from, or into, channel 100.
FIG. 13 shows that the four color marking material injection systems can be folded into a 2-over/2-under architecture.
With reference to FIG. 14, an alternative to a continuous recirculating marking material transport is to use one or more electrostatic material transports and to dump the marking material at a location near the inlet of the electrostatic port valve 116. This marking material aerosol 122 can be created with desired density and location, and is therefore advantageous relative to a macroscopic aerosol.
It will now be appreciated that various embodiments of a ballistic aerosol marking apparatus, and specifically mechanisms for the transport of marking material, have been disclosed herein. These embodiments encompass a complete device for applying a single marking material, one-pass full-color marking material, applying a material not visible to the unaided eye, applying a pre-marking treatment material, a post-marking treatment material, etc., with the ability to tailor the position of the marking material in or at the ports to address considerations of material quantity and quality control, charge requirements, etc. However, it should also be appreciated that the description herein is merely illustrative, and should not be read to limit the scope of the invention nor the claims hereof.
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Application No. 09/410,371, Ballistic Aerosol Marking Apparatus with Non-Wetting Coating, filed Sep. 30, 1999.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6786579Dec 18, 2002Sep 7, 2004Xerox CorporationDevice for dispensing particulate matter and system using the sameUS6969160 *Jul 28, 2003Nov 29, 2005Xerox CorporationBallistic aerosol marking apparatusUS7273208Sep 13, 2005Sep 25, 2007Xerox CorporationBallistic aerosol marking venturi pipe geometry for printing onto a transfuse substrateUS7569250May 17, 2004Aug 4, 2009Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.Method, system, and apparatus for protective coating a flexible circuitUS20050255232 *May 17, 2004Nov 17, 2005Nelson Veronica AMethod, system, and apparatus for protective coating a flexible circuitUS20070057387 *Sep 13, 2005Mar 15, 2007Xerox CorporationBallistic aerosol marking venturi pipe geometry for printing onto a transfuse substrateEP2881259A1 *Nov 24, 2014Jun 10, 2015Palo Alto Research Center IncorporatedPrint head design for ballistic aerosol marking with smooth particulate injection from an array of inlets into a matching array of microchannels* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification347/85, 347/83, 347/21, 347/112International ClassificationG03G15/34, B41J2/215Cooperative ClassificationB41J2202/02, G03G15/346, G03G2217/0025, B41J2/215European ClassificationG03G15/34S1, B41J2/215Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMar 14, 2000ASAssignmentOwner name: XEROX CORPORATION, CONNECTICUTFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:FLOYD, PHILIP D.;BIEGELSEN, DAVID K.;PEETERS, ERIC;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:010705/0657;SIGNING DATES FROM 20000224 TO 20000229Jun 28, 2002ASAssignmentOwner name: BANK ONE, NA, AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, ILLINOISFree format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:XEROX CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:013153/0001Effective date: 20020621Oct 31, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, AS COLLATERAL AGENT, TEXASFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:XEROX CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:015134/0476Effective date: 20030625Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, AS COLLATERAL AGENT,TEXASFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:XEROX CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:015134/0476Effective date: 20030625Apr 11, 2005FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Apr 9, 2009FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Mar 8, 2013FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12Dec 31, 2014ASAssignmentOwner name: XEROX CORPORATION, NEW YORKFree format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:BANK ONE, NA;REEL/FRAME:034717/0200Effective date: 20030625Owner name: XEROX CORPORATION, NEW YORKFree format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.;REEL/FRAME:034715/0792Effective date: 20061204RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services