Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2016122769A/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-22 04:01:10
Document Index: 55074468

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 46', 'art 47', 'art 51', 'art 28', 'art 29', 'art 34']

JP2016122769A - Doping method and manufacturing method of semiconductor element - Google Patents
Doping method and manufacturing method of semiconductor element Download PDF
JP2016122769A
JP2016122769A JP2014262813A JP2014262813A JP2016122769A JP 2016122769 A JP2016122769 A JP 2016122769A JP 2014262813 A JP2014262813 A JP 2014262813A JP 2014262813 A JP2014262813 A JP 2014262813A JP 2016122769 A JP2016122769 A JP 2016122769A
JP2014262813A
博一 上田
Hiroichi Ueda
正浩 岡
勇気 小林
靖広 杉本
2014-12-25 Application filed by 東京エレクトロン株式会社, Tokyo Electron Ltd filed Critical 東京エレクトロン株式会社
2014-12-25 Priority to JP2014262813A priority Critical patent/JP2016122769A/en
2016-07-07 Publication of JP2016122769A publication Critical patent/JP2016122769A/en
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a conformal doping even when heat treatment of a substrate to be processed cannot be performed immediately after doping.SOLUTION: The doping method of doping by injecting a dopant in a substrate to be processed includes: forming an oxide film on the substrate to be processed before performing a doping process in an oxide film forming process; and, after forming the oxide film on the substrate to be processed, performing plasma doping treatment from above the oxide film.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8
The disclosed embodiments relate to a doping method and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
Semiconductor elements such as LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) and MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistors are used for doping, etching, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), sputtering, etc. on a semiconductor substrate (wafer) to be processed. It is manufactured by applying.
Here, as a technique for doping, there is ion doping, which is doping using an ion implantation apparatus, and plasma in which dopant radicals and ions are directly implanted into the surface of an object to be processed using plasma. There is a doping technique. Also, in recent years, a dopant impurity is uniformly injected into a doping target object such as a FinFET (Fin Field Effect Transistor) type semiconductor element having a three-dimensional structure, regardless of the uneven portion of the three-dimensional structure ( Since the demand for conformal doping has become very strong, many doping techniques using plasma have been tried and reported.
For example, in a doping technique (plasma doping) using a doping processing apparatus, there is a technique in which an ionic plasma is mainly generated, and then the generated ionic plasma is confused to dope the entire three-dimensional structure. is there.
As a recent attempt, as a method for uniformly injecting a dopant into the sidewall of the FinFET, there is a method of conformally injecting a dopant into the sidewall of the FinFET by a method called IADD (Ion Assisted Deposition and Doping). It has been introduced. Note that IADD is a technique in which additional ion oblique irradiation is performed on an As (arsenic) film formed using plasma.
Here, when doping is performed on a doping object such as a FinFET type semiconductor device having a three-dimensional structure, the doping depth from the surface of each part or the dopant at each part of the doping object. The background is that high coverage with equal concentration, that is, high conformality (uniformity) in doping is required.
Hirokazu Ueda, Peter LG Ventzek, Masahiro Oka, Masahiro Horigome, Yuuki Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Sugimoto, Toshihisa Nozawa, and Satoru Kawakami, "Conformal doping of topographic silicon structures using a radial line slot antenna plasma source", Journal of Applied Physics 115, 214904 (2014),
However, the conventional technique has a problem in that it cannot conformally dope a doping object such as a FinFET type semiconductor device having a three-dimensional structure.
For example, in the conventional IADD ion doping, the amount of ion irradiation with respect to the location where the three-dimensional structure of the FinFET type semiconductor element is hidden as a three-dimensional barrier is smaller than the top of the Fin, so Cannot be conformally doped. A more detailed example will be described. When doping is performed using an ion beam, the substrate surface of the FinFET type semiconductor device is used for the purpose of doping all of the top, side, and bottom of the fin of the FinFET type semiconductor device. The ion beam is irradiated at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to. Thereafter, the ion beam is irradiated at an angle of 135 degrees, in other words, at an angle of 45 degrees from the opposite side. As a result, when the fin has a certain height, irradiated ions do not reach the region near the bottom in the height direction of the fin in the side and the bottom.
In addition, in order to overcome this drawback of ion doping, in conventional IADD, a thin film containing As formed at low temperature using plasma is formed in advance on the Fin surface, and then a bias electric field is applied to the ion component. The method of knocking in As atoms into Si (Fin Body) has been reported, but the purpose of conformally doping the top and sides of Fin Body together has been completely achieved. I don't mean.
In addition, in the technique of doping the entire three-dimensional structure by disturbing the generated ionic plasma, the dopant (ion) generated by the plasma is randomly extracted from the ion species by an extension plate ion extension mechanism. A plasma doping technique characterized by irradiating the surface of a structure is shown. However, the experimental data shown by this method suggests that the thickness of the amorphous layer (the disordered layer of Si crystal containing the dopant) formed on the surface of the three-dimensional structure is conformal. However, this does not show that the top and side portions of Fin Body can be conformally doped with a uniform dopant concentration.
In other words, in the doping method using the above-described doping processing apparatus, the layer thickness of the pre-amorphous layer generated as a result of doping is only uniform, and the doping process alone is not conformal. Further, for example, in the above-described prior art, in the FinFET type semiconductor device having a three-dimensional structure, the dopant concentration and doping depth implanted at the top position and the side position are implanted. The concentration of dopant and the depth of doping, the concentration of dopant implanted at the bottom position and the depth of doping are not uniform, and the doping is not conformal.
On the other hand, the present inventors have discovered that conformality can be achieved by performing an annealing process immediately after doping. However, no method has been established so far for achieving conformality when annealing cannot be performed immediately after doping. For example, if there is a mask such as a resist that does not have heat resistance on the element after doping, or if a heat treatment is performed immediately after doping, there is a possibility that a contaminating element may diffuse from the residual film generated by doping. Conformality cannot be achieved by the annealing process.
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and provides a doping method and a semiconductor device manufacturing method capable of realizing conformal doping even when the substrate to be processed cannot be heat-treated immediately after doping. The purpose is to do.
A doping method and a semiconductor device manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention include an oxide film formation step of forming an oxide film on a substrate to be processed before the doping process, and an oxide film formation step after the oxide film formation step. And a doping process step of performing a plasma doping process from above.
According to one aspect of the embodiment, conformal doping can be realized even when the substrate to be processed cannot be heat-treated immediately after doping.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a schematic process of a doping method according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a part of a FinFET type semiconductor device which is a semiconductor device manufactured by the doping method according to the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a doping apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a doping amount with respect to a FinFET type semiconductor device when doping is performed using a plasma doping process. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relative ratio between the aspect ratio of the FinFET and the concentration of the implanted dopant in the FinFET type semiconductor device. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the state of transmission of the dopant at the top of the fin of the semiconductor element when the plasma doping process is performed on the radical oxide film. FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the state of transmission of the dopant in the fin side portion of the semiconductor element when the plasma doping process is performed on the radical oxide film. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a schematic process of the doping method according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between an ion incident angle and a dopant implantation depth in a doping process.
Embodiments of a disclosed doping method and semiconductor device manufacturing method will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment. In addition, the embodiments can be combined as appropriate within a range that does not contradict processing contents.
The doping method and the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the embodiment are doping methods in which a dopant is implanted into a substrate to be processed, and an oxide film is formed on the substrate to be processed before the doping process is performed. An oxide film forming step; and a doping process step of performing a plasma doping process on the oxide film after the oxide film forming step.
In addition, the doping method and the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the embodiment may further include a removal step of removing the oxide film after the doping treatment step.
Further, in the oxide film forming step of the doping method and semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the embodiment, the oxide film may be formed to a thickness of 1 nanometer or more and 3 nanometers or less.
In the doping method and semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the embodiment, arsenic may be used as a dopant in the doping process step.
In the first embodiment, before performing the doping process on the target substrate, a film is formed on the target substrate, and the doping process is performed on the formed film. Here, the film to be formed is a film having a thickness and a material that can transmit the dopant. Any film having a property that can be removed by washing or the like after the dopant without affecting the dopant implanted by doping may be used. Specifically, a film containing oxygen corresponds to such a film.
When a doping process is performed after such a film is formed on a substrate to be processed, the presence of the film controls the amount of dopant that permeates the substrate to be processed under the film, and thus affects the unevenness of the substrate to be processed. In other words, the amount of the dopant transmitted through each part can be made uniform.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a schematic process of a doping method according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, in the doping method according to the first embodiment, first, a film containing oxygen is formed on a substrate to be processed (step S11). Next, a dopant is injected into the substrate to be processed from above the formed film to execute a doping process (step S12). When the doping process is completed, the oxygen-containing film formed on the substrate to be processed is removed (step S13). This completes the doping method according to the first embodiment. A semiconductor device can be manufactured by realizing conformal doping using such a doping method.
According to the doping method and the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the first embodiment, conformal doping is achieved when the doping process is completed. Conformal doping can be realized. For example, the desired conformality can be achieved even when a mask such as a resist having no heat resistance exists on the doped element. In addition, when heat treatment is performed immediately after doping, conformity can be realized without such a concern even when there is a risk of contamination elements diffusing from the residual film produced by doping.
Further, according to the doping method according to the first embodiment, conformal doping can be achieved by controlling the amount of dopant entering the substrate under the film by the film on the substrate to be processed. In particular, since the amount of the dopant transmitted by the film can be controlled, the dopant can be uniformly distributed in each portion where the angle of ion implantation is different regardless of the shape of the substrate to be processed.
Next, an example in which conformal doping is achieved by forming an oxide film on a FinFET type semiconductor element and performing plasma doping processing will be described as a second embodiment. First, an example of a FinFET type semiconductor device and a doping apparatus for performing a plasma doping process will be described.
(Example of FinFET type semiconductor device)
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a part of a FinFET type semiconductor device which is a semiconductor device manufactured by a doping method and a doping apparatus according to the second embodiment. Referring to FIG. 2, fins 14 that protrude long upward from main surface 13 of silicon substrate 12 are formed in FinFET type semiconductor device 11 manufactured by the doping method and doping apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. Has been. The direction in which the fins 14 extend is the direction indicated by the arrow I in FIG. The portion of the fin 14 has a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the direction of the arrow I which is the lateral direction of the FinFET type semiconductor element 11. A gate 15 extending in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the fin 14 extends is formed so as to cover a part of the fin 14. Of the fins 14, the source 16 is formed on the front side of the formed gate 15, and the drain 17 is formed on the back side. Doping with plasma generated using microwaves is performed on the shape of the fins 14, that is, the surface of the portion protruding upward from the main surface 13 of the silicon substrate 12.
Although not shown in FIG. 2, depending on the manufacturing process of the semiconductor element, a photoresist layer may be formed at a stage before doping is performed. The photoresist layer is formed on a side of the fin 14 with a predetermined interval, for example, a portion located in the left-right direction on the paper surface in FIG. The photoresist layer is formed so as to extend in the same direction as the fins 14 and to protrude long upward from the main surface 13 of the silicon substrate 12.
(Example of doping apparatus according to the second embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a main part of a doping apparatus according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 3, some of the members are not hatched for easy understanding. In this embodiment, the vertical direction in FIG. 3 is the vertical direction in the doping apparatus.
Referring to FIG. 3, a doping apparatus 31 includes a processing container 32 that performs doping on the substrate W to be processed therein, a gas supply unit 33 that supplies a gas for plasma excitation and a doping gas into the processing container 32, and Further, a disk-shaped holding table 34 for holding the substrate W to be processed, a plasma generating mechanism 39 for generating plasma in the processing container 32 using microwaves, and a pressure for adjusting the pressure in the processing container 32 An adjustment mechanism, a bias power supply mechanism that supplies AC bias power to the holding table 34, and a control unit 28 that controls the operation of the entire doping apparatus 31 are provided. The control unit 28 controls the entire doping apparatus 31 such as the gas flow rate in the gas supply unit 33, the pressure in the processing container 32, and the bias power supplied to the holding table 34.
The processing container 32 includes a bottom portion 41 located on the lower side of the holding table 34 and side walls 42 extending upward from the outer periphery of the bottom portion 41. The side wall 42 is substantially cylindrical. An exhaust hole 43 for exhaust is provided in the bottom 41 of the processing container 32 so as to penetrate a part thereof. The upper side of the processing container 32 is open, and a lid 44 disposed on the upper side of the processing container 32, a dielectric window 36 described later, and a seal member interposed between the dielectric window 36 and the lid 44. The processing container 32 is configured to be hermetically sealed by an O-ring 45 as a sealing member.
The gas supply unit 33 includes a first gas supply unit 46 that blows gas toward the center of the substrate to be processed W, and a second gas supply unit 47 that blows gas from the outside of the substrate to be processed W. The gas supply hole 30 for supplying a gas in the first gas supply unit 46 is located at the center in the radial direction of the dielectric window 36, and is more dielectric than the lower surface 48 of the dielectric window 36 that is a facing surface facing the holding table 34. It is provided at a position retracted inward of the body window 36. The first gas supply unit 46 supplies an inert gas and a doping gas for plasma excitation while adjusting a flow rate and the like by a gas supply system 49 connected to the first gas supply unit 46. The second gas supply unit 47 is formed by providing a plurality of gas supply holes 50 for supplying an inert gas and a doping gas for plasma excitation in the processing container 32 in a part on the upper side of the side wall 42. Yes. The plurality of gas supply holes 50 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The first gas supply unit 46 and the second gas supply unit 47 are supplied with the same type of inert gas or doping gas for plasma excitation from the same gas supply source. In addition, according to a request | requirement, control content, etc., another gas can also be supplied from the 1st gas supply part 46 and the 2nd gas supply part 47, and those flow ratios etc. can also be adjusted.
A high frequency power source 58 for RF (radio frequency) bias is electrically connected to the electrode in the holding table 34 through the matching unit 59. The high frequency power supply 58 can output a high frequency of 13.56 MHz, for example, with a predetermined power (bias power). The matching unit 59 accommodates a matching unit for matching between the impedance on the high frequency power source 58 side and the impedance on the load side such as an electrode, plasma, and the processing vessel 32, and the matching unit is included in this matching unit. A blocking capacitor for self-bias generation is included. In addition, at the time of doping, the supply of the bias voltage to the holding table 34 is appropriately changed as necessary. The control unit 28 controls the AC bias power supplied to the holding table 34 as a bias power supply mechanism.
The holding table 34 can hold the substrate W to be processed thereon by an electrostatic chuck (not shown). The holding table 34 is supported by an insulating cylindrical support 51 that extends vertically upward from the lower side of the bottom 41. The exhaust hole 43 described above is provided so as to penetrate a part of the bottom 41 of the processing container 32 along the outer periphery of the cylindrical support part 51. An exhaust device (not shown) is connected to the lower side of the annular exhaust hole 43 via an exhaust pipe (not shown). The exhaust device has a vacuum pump such as a turbo molecular pump. The inside of the processing container 32 can be depressurized to a predetermined pressure by the exhaust device. The control part 28 adjusts the pressure in the processing container 32 by control of the exhaust_gas | exhaustion by an exhaust device etc. as a pressure adjustment mechanism.
The plasma generation mechanism 39 is provided outside the processing vessel 32 and includes a microwave generator 35 that generates microwaves for plasma excitation. The plasma generation mechanism 39 includes a dielectric window 36 that is disposed at a position facing the holding table 34 and introduces the microwave generated by the microwave generator 35 into the processing container 32. The plasma generation mechanism 39 is provided with a plurality of slot holes 40 and is disposed above the dielectric window 36 and includes a slot antenna plate 37 that radiates microwaves to the dielectric window 36. The plasma generation mechanism 39 includes a dielectric member 38 that is disposed above the slot antenna plate 37 and that propagates a microwave introduced from a coaxial waveguide 56 described later in the radial direction.
A microwave generator 35 having a matching 53 is connected to an upper portion of a coaxial waveguide 56 for introducing a microwave through a mode converter 54 and a waveguide 55. For example, a TE mode microwave generated by the microwave generator 35 passes through the waveguide 55, is converted to a TEM mode by the mode converter 54, and propagates through the coaxial waveguide 56. For example, 2.45 GHz is selected as the frequency of the microwave generated by the microwave generator 35.
The dielectric window 36 has a substantially disk shape and is made of a dielectric. Specific examples of the material of the dielectric window 36 include quartz and alumina.
The slot antenna plate 37 has a thin plate shape and a disk shape. Here, the slot antenna plate 37 is preferably a radial line slot antenna.
The microwave generated by the microwave generator 35 is propagated through the coaxial waveguide 56. The microwaves radiate radially outward in a region sandwiched between the cooling jacket 52 having a circulation path 60 for circulating the refrigerant therein and adjusting the temperature of the dielectric member 38 and the like and the slot antenna plate 37. And is radiated to the dielectric window 36 from a plurality of slot holes 40 provided in the slot antenna plate 37. The microwave transmitted through the dielectric window 36 generates an electric field immediately below the dielectric window 36 and generates plasma in the processing chamber 32.
As described above, the plasma generation mechanism includes the dielectric window 36 that is exposed in the processing container 32 and is provided at a position facing the holding table 34. Here, the shortest distance between the dielectric window 36 and the substrate W to be processed held by the holding table 34 is 5.5 cm or more and 15 cm or less.
When microwave plasma is generated in the doping apparatus 31, plasma electrons are generated immediately below the lower surface 48 of the dielectric window 36, specifically, in a region located about several cm below the lower surface 48 of the dielectric window 36. A so-called plasma generation region having a relatively high temperature is formed. A so-called plasma diffusion region in which the plasma generated in the plasma generation region diffuses is formed in the region located on the lower side in the vertical direction. This plasma diffusion region is a region where the electron temperature of plasma is relatively low, and plasma doping processing, that is, doping is performed in this region. Note that when microwave plasma is generated in the doping apparatus 31, the electron density of the plasma becomes relatively high. Then, so-called plasma damage is not given to the substrate W to be processed at the time of doping, and the electron density of plasma is high, so that efficient doping, specifically, for example, doping time can be shortened.
Here, in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP or the like) of a general plasma source, the amount of high-energy ions generated is very large compared to radicals and low-energy ion components in the plasma. Irradiation damage increases at the same time. On the other hand, by using microwave plasma, radicals and low-energy ion components can be efficiently generated in a high-pressure zone where the pressure advantageous for forming conformal doping is 100 mTorr or more. Further, by using microwave plasma, radicals (active species) are not affected by the plasma electric field. In other words, since it is electrically neutral, it is possible to overwhelmingly reduce plasma irradiation damage to the substrate to be processed compared to ions.
(Dopant concentration distribution on top and side of 3D device)
Next, as an example, the dopant concentration at the top and sides of the fin when a FinFET type semiconductor device as shown in FIG. 2 is manufactured using plasma doping processing will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a doping amount with respect to a FinFET type semiconductor device when doping is performed using a plasma doping process. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the substrate to be processed W is a FinFET type semiconductor element. Here, when reflection or the like is not taken into account, as shown in FIG. 4, the fins are provided on the substrate W to be processed. As a result, the amount of radicals and low energy ion components reaching each part varies depending on the three-dimensional shape. For example, radicals and low-energy ion components generated by the radial slot antenna inject a dopant into the top Wa of the substrate to be processed W when contacting the top Wa of the FinFET, and radicals that have not contacted the top Wa of the FinFET and Of the low energy ion components, radicals and low energy ion components in contact with the side Wb inject dopants into the side Wb, and radicals and low energy ion components that have not contacted the top or side Wb of the FinFET. Of these, the radicals and low energy ion components in contact with the bottom Wc will inject the dopant into the bottom Wc. In other words, the probability of contact with radicals and low-energy ion components in the order of the top portion Wa, the side portion Wb, and the bottom portion Wc of the substrate to be processed W is reduced by the amount of the three-dimensional barrier caused by the FinFET, and the portion is injected accordingly. The dopant concentration is also reduced.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relative ratio between the aspect ratio of the FinFET and the concentration of the implanted dopant in the FinFET type semiconductor device. The example shown in FIG. 5 shows a case where reflection and the like are not considered. The dopant concentration shown in FIG. 5 shows the case where As (arsenic) is implanted into the silicon substrate. As shown in FIG. 5, when the aspect ratio is “1”, that is, when the ratio of the length of the top to the length of the side is “1: 1”, the concentration of the dopant implanted into the top is “1”. The concentration of the dopant implanted into the bottom at about “0.35”. Further, when the aspect ratio is “5”, that is, the ratio of the length of the top to the length of the side is “1: 5”, the dopant is implanted into the bottom when the concentration of the dopant implanted into the top is “1”. The concentration of the dopant is about “0.1”. As described above, when doping is performed using a plasma doping process on a FinFET semiconductor device, it is found that it is difficult to perform a conformal doping if only the plasma doping process is performed.
(Control of dopant concentration in the second embodiment)
By the way, when the plasma doping process is performed after the plasma oxide film is formed on the substrate to be processed before the plasma doping process, the plasma oxide film plays a role in controlling the permeation of the dopant. It has been found that a more uniform dopant concentration can be achieved at the top and sides regardless of the shape of the substrate. Next, after forming a plasma oxide film of about 2 to 3 nanometers on a silicon substrate using FIGS. 6 and 7, the top portion when a plasma doping process using arsenic as a dopant is performed. The state of the side part will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the state of transmission of the dopant at the top of the fin of the semiconductor element when the plasma doping process is performed on the radical oxide film. FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the state of transmission of the dopant in the fin side portion of the semiconductor element when the plasma doping process is performed on the radical oxide film.
In the example shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the fin of the semiconductor element is formed of silicon, and a silicon dioxide film having a thickness of about 3 nanometers (hereinafter also referred to as an oxide film or a radical oxide film) is formed thereon by radical oxidation treatment. Formed. Then, a plasma doping process using a radial line slot was performed on the oxide film. The width of the fin is about 50 nanometers. The measured values of the arsenic concentration shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 were obtained by performing arsenic mapping using a TEM EDX (Transmission Electron Microscope / Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) and performing line scanning of a fin width of 50 nm.
In the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, the plasma ON conditions were adjusted so that the oxide film thickness was 3 nanometers. Further, as the processing gas, Aragon (100%) was used at 1000 sccm, O 2 was used at 100 sccm, and the pressure in the processing container was set at 100 mTorr. The plasma doping conditions were a microwave power of 5 kW and a pressure in the processing vessel of 230 mTorr. The gas flow rate of AsH 3 was 440 sccm, and the RF bias power was 150 W. The plasma doping time was 100 seconds.
FIG. 6 shows the dopant distribution at the top of the semiconductor element formed when doping is performed by forming an oxide film under the above conditions. In FIG. 6, (A) and (B) are images obtained by TEM EDX. Further, (C) shows the concentration of each substance in each layer as a bar graph.
First, in FIG. 6A, the portion surrounded by a white square was analyzed by TEM EDX. At this time, the distribution of the dopant (arsenic) corresponding to the portion surrounded by the white square is as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in (C), a layer containing 7 atomic% AsOSi is formed on the radical oxide film (SiO 2 ) formed on the top surface. A layer containing 3 atomic% of As is formed under the radical oxide film by a dopant implanted through the radical oxide film. That is, the dopant concentration in this portion is 2.5 × 10 21 atoms / cubic centimeter. In FIG. 6C, the left broken line indicates the arsenic (As) concentration, the central thick broken line indicates the oxygen (O) concentration, and the right bent line indicates the silicon (Si) concentration.
Next, with reference to FIG. 7, the distribution of the dopant on the side portion of the fin will be described. In FIG. 7A, the dopant transmission state for the portion indicated by the white square is shown in FIGS. As shown in (C), there is an AsOSi film formed by doping on a silicon dioxide film (SiO 2 ) formed on the surface of the fin side portion. On the other hand, under the silicon dioxide film, there is a layer in which the dopant transmitted through the silicon dioxide film is distributed (“AsSi” in FIG. 7C), and the dopant concentration is about 8 atomic%. The dopant (arsenic) concentration in this portion (the portion indicated by the middle lane in FIG. 7C) is 4 × 10 21 atoms / cubic centimeter. As can be seen from the line graph shown in FIG. 7C, the dopant concentration is high immediately below the oxide film. In FIG. 7C, the uppermost broken line indicates the silicon (Si) concentration, the central bent line indicates the oxygen (O) concentration, and the lowest bent line indicates the arsenic (As) concentration.
As can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7, even when an oxide film is formed on the substrate to be processed, the dopant can pass through the oxide film if the film thickness is about 3 nanometers.
When arsenic is implanted as a dopant, the allowable concentration at which arsenic can enter amorphous Si is constant at 5E20 cm−3. Therefore, the dopant can be implanted to the allowable limit in the amorphous Si existing under the radical oxide film. Therefore, by forming the oxide film, conformal doping can be achieved in a self-controlling manner using the low-damage plasma doping characteristics of microwaves. Also in the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, high-concentration arsenic is detected at the interface between SiO and Si. Specifically, arsenic having a concentration of 1E21 cm −3 or more has been detected.
In the second embodiment, based on the above knowledge, an oxide film is formed on the substrate to be processed before the plasma doping process is performed. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a schematic process of the doping method according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 8, first, a substrate to be processed W is prepared (step S81). Then, a radical oxide film is formed on the substrate W to be processed using radical oxidation treatment or the like (step S82). Further, a plasma doping process is performed on the formed radical oxide film using arsenic as a dopant (step S83). Thereby, regardless of the shape of the substrate to be processed W and the incident angle of ions, a uniform dopant concentration can be realized in each part of the substrate to be processed W, and conformal doping can be achieved.
In the second embodiment, the thickness of the oxide film is about 1 nanometer to 3 nanometers. It is computationally clear that when the oxide film thickness is greater than 3 nanometers, the arsenic atoms activated by the microwave plasma do not have sufficient vibration energy to penetrate the oxide film at the fin side. Therefore, the upper limit of the film thickness is 3 nanometers.
It is also possible to increase the irradiation intensity of activated arsenic ions in plasma by applying a strong RF bias power. In this case, the irradiation intensity of arsenic ions is perpendicular to the substrate to be processed. It will be incident and conformal doping cannot be achieved. That is, assuming that the RF bias power is increased and an electric field of 1 keV is applied, the dopant implantation depth varies greatly depending on the ion incident angle. That is, the ion incident energy with respect to the side portion becomes very small as compared with the ion incident energy with respect to the top portion in the vertical direction.
FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between an ion incident angle and a dopant implantation depth in a doping process. In FIG. 9, (A) is a graph showing the relationship between the incident angle of ions and the implantation depth of the dopant. As shown in (A), when doping is performed while applying a bias power of 1 keV, the dopant implantation depth gradually decreases as the ion incident angle θ changes from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. . For example, when the ion incident angle θ is 0 degree with respect to the fin top, that is, when the dopant is implanted at a right angle to the top surface, the dopant implantation depth is about 3.5 nanometers. On the other hand, when the dopant is implanted from an oblique direction with an ion incident angle θ of 80 degrees with respect to the fin side portion, the dopant implantation depth is about 1.5 nanometers. The change in the implantation depth of the dopant accompanying the change in the ion incident angle is more specifically shown in FIG. As shown in (C), the depth at which the dopant is implanted differs depending on the incident angle, and conformal doping is not achieved simply by adjusting the bias power and changing the irradiation intensity.
Thus, the dopant implantation depth varies greatly depending on the ion incident angle. For this reason, it is difficult to achieve a substantially uniform dopant concentration at a desired depth only by adjusting the RF bias power.
In contrast, in the second embodiment, by forming an oxide film, the dopant concentration between the oxide film and the substrate to be processed below can be adjusted, and the shape of the substrate to be processed Regardless of the above, conformal doping can be achieved by realizing a uniform dopant concentration in each part.
As described above, the doping method and the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the second embodiment include an oxide film forming process for forming an oxide film on a substrate to be processed before the doping process, and an oxide film forming process after the oxide film forming process. And a doping process step of performing a plasma doping process on the oxide film. Thus, an oxide film is formed in advance on the substrate to be processed, and the amount of dopant that passes through the oxide film can be controlled. Therefore, according to the doping method and the semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the second embodiment, even if the annealing process or the like cannot be performed after the doping process by controlling the dopant amount using the oxide film, the control is performed. Formal doping can be achieved. For example, the desired conformality can be achieved even when a mask such as a resist having no heat resistance exists on the doped element. In addition, when heat treatment is performed immediately after doping, conformal doping can be realized without such a concern even when a contaminating element may diffuse from a residual film generated by doping.
In addition, according to the doping method and semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the second embodiment, the amount of dopant entering the substrate below the oxide film is controlled by the oxide film on the substrate to be processed. Regardless, conformal doping can be achieved. In particular, even in the case of a FinFET type semiconductor device, the dopant can be distributed substantially uniformly not only on the top of the fin but also on the side. In the second embodiment, the FinFET type semiconductor element has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the second embodiment is applied to a semiconductor element having another three-dimensional shape to conformal doping. Can be realized.
In addition, according to the doping method and semiconductor device manufacturing method according to the second embodiment, a more uniform dopant concentration can be achieved at a desired depth in each part of the substrate to be processed without depending on the ion incident angle. Can do. Therefore, conformal doping can be easily achieved regardless of the shape of the semiconductor element.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 FinFET type semiconductor element 12 Silicon substrate 13 Main surface 14 Fin 15 Gate 16 Source 17 Drain 28 Control part 29 Temperature control mechanism 30 Gas supply hole 31 Doping apparatus 32 Processing container 33 Gas supply part 34 Holding stand 35 Microwave generator 36 Dielectric Body window 37 Slot antenna plate 38 Dielectric member 39 Plasma generation mechanism 40 Slot hole
A doping method in which a dopant is implanted into a substrate to be processed to perform doping,
An oxide film forming step for forming an oxide film on the substrate to be processed before the doping process;
A doping treatment step of performing a plasma doping treatment on the oxide film after the oxide film formation step;
A doping method comprising:
The doping method according to claim 1, further comprising a removal step of removing the oxide film after the doping treatment step.
The doping method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in the oxide film forming step, the oxide film is formed to a thickness of 1 nanometer or more and 3 nanometers or less.
The doping method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein arsenic is used as a dopant in the doping treatment step.
An oxide film forming step of forming an oxide film on the substrate to be processed;
The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 5, further comprising a removal step of removing the oxide film after the doping treatment step.
The method for manufacturing a semiconductor element according to claim 5, wherein, in the oxide film forming step, the oxide film is formed to a thickness of 1 nanometer to 3 nanometers.
8. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 5, wherein arsenic is used as a dopant in the doping process step.
JP2014262813A 2014-12-25 2014-12-25 Doping method and manufacturing method of semiconductor element Pending JP2016122769A (en)
JP2014262813A JP2016122769A (en) 2014-12-25 2014-12-25 Doping method and manufacturing method of semiconductor element
KR1020150179284A KR20160078880A (en) 2014-12-25 2015-12-15 Doping method and semiconductor device manufacturing method
US14/976,456 US20160189963A1 (en) 2014-12-25 2015-12-21 Doping method and semiconductor element manufacturing method
JP2016122769A true JP2016122769A (en) 2016-07-07
ID=56165048
JP2014262813A Pending JP2016122769A (en) 2014-12-25 2014-12-25 Doping method and manufacturing method of semiconductor element
US (1) US20160189963A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2016122769A (en)
KR (1) KR20160078880A (en)
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2014-12-25 JP JP2014262813A patent/JP2016122769A/en active Pending
2015-12-15 KR KR1020150179284A patent/KR20160078880A/en unknown
2015-12-21 US US14/976,456 patent/US20160189963A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20160189963A1 (en) 2016-06-30
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