Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN102196940B/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-20 10:48:18
Document Index: 35718593

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CN102196940B - Power supply system for electric vehicle and control method for the same - Google Patents
Power supply system for electric vehicle and control method for the same Download PDF
CN102196940B
CN102196940B CN2008801317350A CN200880131735A CN102196940B CN 102196940 B CN102196940 B CN 102196940B CN 2008801317350 A CN2008801317350 A CN 2008801317350A CN 200880131735 A CN200880131735 A CN 200880131735A CN 102196940 B CN102196940 B CN 102196940B
secondary electrical
CN2008801317350A
CN102196940A (en
2008-10-31 Priority to PCT/JP2008/069860 priority Critical patent/WO2010050038A1/en
2011-09-21 Publication of CN102196940A publication Critical patent/CN102196940A/en
2013-09-25 Publication of CN102196940B publication Critical patent/CN102196940B/en
A power supply system includes a main storage battery (BA) and a plurality of auxiliary storage batteries (BB1, BB2). A converter (12B) is connected to selected one of the auxiliary storage batteries (BB1, BB2) and performs the bidirectional voltage conversion between the selected auxiliary storage battery and a power supply line (PL2). If a request to switch over the selected auxiliary storage battery in use is issued, the switching processing of relays (SR1, SR1G, SR2, SR2G) is executed after the power supply line (PL2) is raised to a predetermined voltage by a converter (12A). The predetermined voltage is higher than any of the output voltages of auxiliary storage batteries newly connected to the main storage battery (BA) and the converter (12B). Furthermore, the input/output upper limit power of the selected auxiliary storage battery is set to 0 during the switching processing of the relay connections.
The power-supply system of elec. vehicle and control method thereof
The present invention relates to power-supply system and the control method thereof of elec. vehicle, more specifically, relate to the power-supply system control of the elec. vehicle that is equipped with main electrical storage device and a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices.
As the vehicle that is of value to environment, elec. vehicles such as electronlmobil, hybrid vehicle and fuel-cell vehicle and practicability have been developed in recent years.These elec. vehicles are equipped with the electrical motor that produces vehicle drive force and constitute the power-supply system that is used for supplying with direct motor drive electric power that comprises electrical storage device.
Especially, the structure that power supply (below be also referred to as " external power supply ") by outside vehicle charges to the vehicle-mounted electrical storage device of hybrid vehicle has also been proposed, in these elec. vehicles, seek to prolong the distance that to travel by the electric power storage electric power of vehicle-mounted electrical storage device.In addition, also will abbreviate " external charging " as to the charging that vehicle-mounted electrical storage device carries out by external power supply below.
For example, in TOHKEMY 2008-109840 communique (patent documentation 1) and TOHKEMY 2003-209969 communique (patent documentation 2), put down in writing the power-supply system of a plurality of electrical storage devices (battery) that be connected in parallel.In the power-supply system that patent documentation 1 and patent documentation 2 are put down in writing, be provided with as the electric pressure converter (converter, conv) that discharges and recharges adjusting mechanism by each electrical storage device (battery).Relative therewith, in TOHKEMY 2008-167620 communique (patent documentation 3), put down in writing the structure of the supply unit of the conv that in the vehicle that is equipped with main electrical storage device and a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices, is provided with the conv corresponding with main electrical storage device and is shared by a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices.According to this structure, quantity that can the restraining device element also can increase the energy of accumulation.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2008-109840 communique;
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2003-209969 communique;
Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2008-167620 communique.
In the supply unit that patent documentation 3 is put down in writing, optionally a secondary electrical storage device in a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices is connected with conv, come the driving electric power of supply vehicle drive motor by main electrical storage device and selected secondary electrical storage device.In such supply unit, SOC (the State of Charge of the secondary electrical storage device in using, when charge condition) having reduced, new secondary electrical storage device is connected with conv, by using a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices to prolong the operating range of realizing by the electric power storage energy (EV (Electric Vehicle, elec. vehicle) operating range) successively.But, when the connection of secondary electrical storage device is switched, for fear of because the breakdown of equipment that the generation short circuit paths causes etc. need be carried out hand-off process with suitable treatment step.
The present invention finishes in order to solve such problem, the objective of the invention is to: in having main electrical storage device and a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and the power-supply system by the structure of a plurality of secondary electrical storage device common voltage convs (converter), suitably carry out the connection hand-off process that is used for changing employed secondary electrical storage device.
Be used for solving the means of problem
According to the present invention, a kind of power-supply system of elec. vehicle, described elec. vehicle is equipped with the motor that produces vehicular drive power, and this power-supply system has: main electrical storage device, supply line, first electric pressure converter, a plurality of secondary electrical storage device, second electric pressure converter, connecting portion and the switching control that arranges parallel with one another.Supply line constitutes to the changer that drives the control motor and powers.First electric pressure converter is arranged between supply line and the main electrical storage device, constitutes to carry out two-way voltage transitions.Second electric pressure converter is arranged between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and the supply line, constitutes to carry out two-way voltage transitions between one of a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and supply line.Connecting portion is arranged between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and second electric pressure converter, constitutes optionally the secondary electrical storage device of the selection in a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices is connected with second electric pressure converter.Switching control is controlled optionally being connected between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and second electric pressure converter.And switching control has switch judgement part, the instruction unit of boosting, the first electrical power limit portion, connect switch control portion and the second electrical power limit portion.Switch judgement part constitutes based on the charge condition of a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices to judge whether need to switch the secondary electrical storage device of selection.The instruction unit of boosting constitutes when being judged as the secondary electrical storage device of needs switching selection by switch judgement part, indicate first electric pressure converter, make its voltage with supply line be made as first voltage, the output voltage height of the secondary electrical storage device that the output voltage of this first voltage ratio master electrical storage device and switching back are connected with second electric power converter.The first electrical power limit portion makes the input and output electric power higher limit of selecting secondary electrical storage device be decreased to zero gradually after the voltage of supply line has reached first voltage.Connect switch control portion and constitute when having set input and output electric power higher limit for zero by the first electrical power limit portion, switch being connected between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and second electric pressure converter.The second electrical power limit portion constitutes by after connecting switch control portion and having switched being connected between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and second electric pressure converter, makes input and output electric power higher limit be promoted to the value corresponding with the charge condition of the new secondary electrical storage device that is connected with second electric power converter gradually.
Perhaps, in the control method of the power-supply system of elec. vehicle of the present invention, power-supply system possesses above-mentioned main electrical storage device, above-mentioned supply line, above-mentioned first electric pressure converter, above-mentioned a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices, above-mentioned second electric pressure converter and above-mentioned connecting portion.And control method comprises: determination step, judge whether need to switch the secondary electrical storage device of selection based on the charge condition of a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices; The indication step, when being judged as the secondary electrical storage device of needs switching selection by determination step, indicate first electric pressure converter, make its voltage with supply line be made as first voltage, the output voltage height of the secondary electrical storage device that the output voltage of this first voltage ratio master electrical storage device and switching back are connected with second electric power converter; Reduce step, after the voltage of supply line has reached first voltage, make the input and output electric power higher limit of selecting secondary electrical storage device be decreased to zero gradually; Switch step when reducing step and set input and output electric power higher limit for zero, switches being connected between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and second electric pressure converter; And lifting step, switched being connected between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and second electric pressure converter by switch step after, make input and output electric power higher limit be promoted to the value corresponding with the charge condition of the secondary electrical storage device that newly is connected with second electric power converter gradually.
Preferably, the instruction unit of boosting continues indication first electric pressure converter, makes its voltage with supply line be made as first voltage, finishes up to the processing that is promoted input and output electric power higher limit by the second electrical power limit portion.Perhaps, control method also comprises the steps: to continue indication first electric pressure converter, makes its voltage with supply line be made as first voltage, finishes up to the processing that promotes input and output electric power higher limit by lifting step.
In addition, preferably, first voltage is equivalent to the higher limit by the voltage of first electric pressure converter control supply line.
Power-supply system and control method thereof according to above-mentioned elec. vehicle, when switching being connected between second electric pressure converter and the secondary electrical storage device, can behind first voltage of the output voltage that supply line is boosted to the output voltage that is higher than main electrical storage device and the secondary electrical storage device that newly uses, the secondary electrical storage device that newly uses be connected with second electric power converter.Thus, can prevent from forming via supply line the short circuit paths of the secondary electrical storage device that starts from new use.In addition, because the input and output electric power higher limit of before the connection of switching secondary electrical storage device, dwindling secondary electrical storage device, and little by little recover this input and output electric power higher limit after finishing connect switching, therefore can prevent since connect switch and in during can't be to secondary electrical storage device input and output electric power to the excessive charge-discharge electric power of power-supply system requirement.
Perhaps, preferably, switching control also comprises the 3rd electrical power limit portion, the 3rd electrical power limit portion reduced by the first electrical power limit portion from beginning input and output electric power higher limit to a plurality of secondary electrical storage device that is undertaken by connecting portion and second electric pressure converter be connected that switching finishes during in, temporarily relax the restriction that discharges and recharges of main electrical storage device.Perhaps, control method also comprise the steps: from begin by reduce step reduce input and output electric power higher limit switch to being connected a plurality of secondary electrical storage device that is undertaken by connecting portion and second electric pressure converter finish during in, temporarily relax the restriction that discharges and recharges of main electrical storage device.
So, during can't be to secondary electrical storage device input and output electric power because the connection of secondary electrical storage device is switched in, can temporarily relax the charge-discharge electric power restriction of main electrical storage device, therefore can guarantee the input and output upper limit electric power of power-supply system integral body.
More preferably, elec. vehicle also has: combustion engine, and it constitutes and can be independent of motor and export vehicular drive power; And the control part that travels.And, travel control part when the integral body of elec. vehicle requires power greater than the output power higher limit of main electrical storage device and selects the output power higher limit sum of secondary electrical storage device, starting apparatus combustion engine.
So, input and output electric power higher limit during connection by suitably set switching secondary electrical storage device, can make and can not require excessive discharging and recharging to power-supply system, and by the restriction that discharges and recharges of the main electrical storage device of temporary transient mitigation, can prevent from when switching the connection of secondary electrical storage device, restarting combustion engine.
According to the present invention, in having main electrical storage device and a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and the power-supply system by the structure of a plurality of secondary electrical storage device common voltage convs (converter), can suitably carry out for the connection hand-off process that changes employed secondary electrical storage device.
Fig. 1 is the figure of keystone configuration of the elec. vehicle of the expression power-supply system that is equipped with embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the detailed construction of expression each changer shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the detailed construction of expression each conv shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of the control of travelling of explanation elec. vehicle.
Fig. 5 is the diagram of circuit that the secondary electrical storage device of selection in the power-supply system of elec. vehicle of expression embodiments of the present invention connects the concise and to the point treatment step of hand-off process.
Fig. 6 is the diagram of circuit of the details handled of the switching determination of explanation secondary electrical storage device shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 7 is the diagram of circuit of the details handled of boosting before the explanation switching shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 8 is the diagram of circuit of the details of explanation electrical power limit change processing shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 9 is the diagram of circuit of the details of explanation connection hand-off process shown in Figure 5.
Figure 10 is the diagram of circuit of the details of explanation recovery processing shown in Figure 5.
Working waveform figure when Figure 11 is the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of selection in the power-supply system of elec. vehicle of embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the functional block diagram of the funtion part of hand-off process in the control structure of power-supply system of explanation embodiments of the present invention, that be used for selecting secondary electrical storage device.
1 elec. vehicle; 2 wheels; 3 power splitting mechanism; 4 driving engines; 6 battery charge conv (external charging); 8 external power supplys; 9A, 9B1,9B2 current sensor; 10A, 10B1,10B2,13,21A, 21B voltage sensor; 11A, 11B1,11B2 temperature sensor; 12A conv (main electrical storage device special use); 12B conv (secondary electrical storage device shares); 14,22 changers; 15～17 each phase arm (U, V, W); 24,25 current sensors; 30 control setups; 39A connecting portion (main electrical storage device); 39B connecting portion (secondary electrical storage device); 100 switch judgement part; 110 instruction units of boosting; 120 electrical power limit portions (main electrical storage device); 130 electrical power limit portions (secondary electrical storage device); 140 connect switch control portion; 200 conv control parts; 250 control parts that travel; 260 gross horsepowers are calculated portion; 270,280 convertor controls portions; BA battery (main electrical storage device); BB selects secondary electrical storage device; BB1, BB2 battery (secondary electrical storage device); C1, C2, CH smoothing capacitor; The CMBT command signal of boosting; CONT1～CONT7 relay control signal; D1～D8 diode; FBT mark (boost and finish); IA, IB1, IB2 input and output electric current (battery); ID variable (hand-off process state); The IGON cranking signal; The L1 reactor; MCRT1, MCRT2 motor current value; MG1, MG2 dynamotor; PL1A, PL1B power lead; The PL2 supply line; Ptt1 general requirements power; PWMI, PWMI1, PWMI2, PWMC, PWMC1, PWMC2 control signal (changer); PWU, PWUA, PWDA, PWD, PWDA, PWDB control signal (conv); Q1～Q8IGBT element; The R limiting resistance; SL1, SL2 grounding jumper; SMR1～SMR3 system main relay; SR1, SR1G, SR2, SR2G relay; TA, TBB1, TBB2 battery temperature (battery); Tqcom1, Tqcom2 torque instruction value; UL, VL, WL line (three-phase); The V1 predetermined voltage; VBA, VBB1, VBB2 voltage (cell output voltage); VLA, VLB, VH voltage; VHref voltage instruction value (VH); Win input upper limit electric power; Win (M) imports upper limit electric power (main electrical storage device); Win (S) imports upper limit electric power (selecting secondary electrical storage device); Wout output upper limit electric power; Wout (M) exports upper limit electric power (main electrical storage device); Wout (S) exports upper limit electric power (selecting secondary electrical storage device).
Below, explain embodiments of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.The identical Reference numeral of part mark to identical or suitable among the figure no longer repeats the explanation to it in principle.
Fig. 1 is the figure of keystone configuration of the elec. vehicle of the expression power-supply system that is equipped with embodiment of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, elec. vehicle 1 comprises: as battery BA, BB1, the BB2 of electrical storage device; Connecting portion 39A, 39B; Conv 12A, 12B; Smoothing capacitor C1, C2, CH; Voltage sensor 10A, 10B1,10B2,13,21A, 21B; Temperature sensor 11A, 11B1,11B2; Current sensor 9A, 9B1,9B2; Supply line PL2; Changer (inverter, inverter) 14,22; Dynamotor MG1, MG2; Wheel 2; Power splitting mechanism 3; Driving engine 4; And control setup 30.
The power-supply system of the elec. vehicle shown in the present embodiment has: the supply line PL2 that powers as the battery BA of main electrical storage device, to the changer 14 that drives dynamotor MG2; The conv 12A as electric pressure converter that is arranged between main electrical storage device (BA) and the supply line PL2, carries out the bi-directional voltage conversion; Battery BB1, the BB2 of the secondary electrical storage device of a plurality of conducts of setting parallel with one another; And the conv 12B as electric pressure converter that is arranged between a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices (BB1, BB2) and the supply line PL2, carries out the bi-directional voltage conversion.Electric pressure converter (12B) optionally is connected with a secondary electrical storage device in a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices (BB1, BB2), carries out two-way voltage transitions between this pair electrical storage device and supply line PL2.
The accumulation capacity of secondary electrical storage device (side of BB1 and BB2) and main electrical storage device (BA) for example is configured to can export by use simultaneously the maximum power that the power load that is connected with supply line (22 and MG2) is allowed.Thus, in the EV that does not use driving engine (Electric Vehicle) travels, can carry out travelling of maximum power.If the electric power storage state deteriorating of secondary electrical storage device, then changing travels behind the secondary electrical storage device again gets final product.And, after the electric power that has consumed secondary electrical storage device, by except using main electrical storage device also to use driving engine, do not become possibility even do not use secondary electrical storage device can make to carry out travelling of maximum power yet.
In addition, by adopting such structure, owing to share conv 12B by a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices, therefore can increase the quantity of conv along with the quantity of electrical storage device.In order further to prolong the EV operating range, further increase battery in the mode in parallel with battery BB1, BB2 and get final product.
Preferably, main electrical storage device and the secondary electrical storage device that carries on this elec. vehicle can carry out external charging.Therefore, elec. vehicle 1 for example also comprises the battery charger (charging conv) 6 that is connected for external power supply 8 as the source power supply of AC100V.Battery charger 6 is converted to direct current with interchange and voltage carried out pressure regulation and supplies with the charging power of battery.In addition, as the structure that can carry out external charging, except said structure, also can use the neutral of the stator coil of dynamotor MG1, MG2 and source of AC ways of connecting and/or combined converter 12A, 12B and the mode that it is played a role as the AC/DC transfer device.
Smoothing capacitor C1 is connected between power lead PL1A and the grounding jumper SL2.Voltage sensor 21A detect between the two ends of smoothing capacitor C1 voltage VLA and to control setup 30 outputs.Conv 12A can boost the voltage between terminals of smoothing capacitor C1 and supply with to supply line PL2.
Smoothing capacitor C2 is connected between power lead PL1B and the grounding jumper SL2.Voltage sensor 21B detect between the two ends of smoothing capacitor C2 voltage VLB and to control setup 30 outputs.Conv 12B can boost the voltage between terminals of smoothing capacitor C2 and supply with to supply line PL2.
Smoothing capacitor CH carries out smoothing to the voltage after being boosted by conv 12A, 12B.Voltage sensor 13 detects the voltage between terminals VH of smoothing capacitor CH and exports to control setup 30.
Perhaps, oppositely, conv 12A, 12B can supply with the voltage between terminals VH step-down after level and smooth by smoothing capacitor CH and to power lead PL1A, PL1B.
Changer 14 will be converted to three-phase alternating voltage from the vdc that conv 12B and/or 12A provide and export to dynamotor MG1.Changer 22 will be converted to three-phase alternating voltage from the vdc that conv 12B and/or 12A provide and export to dynamotor MG2.
Power splitting mechanism 3 is to be connected with driving engine 4 and dynamotor MG1, MG2 and the mechanism of distributed power between them.As power splitting mechanism, for example can use the sun and planet gear of three S. A.s with sun gear, planetary gear carrier, gear ring.In sun and planet gear, if determined the rotation of two S. A.s in three S. A.s, then determined to the being forced to property of rotation of another S. A..These three S. A.s are connected with each S. A. of driving engine 4, dynamotor MG1, MG2 respectively.In addition, the S. A. of dynamotor MG2 is connected with wheel 2 by not shown reducing gear and/or differential gear.In addition, can also be assembled with retarder at the S. A. of dynamotor MG2 in the inside of power splitting mechanism 3.
Connecting portion 39A comprises: system main relay SMR2, and it is connected between the positive pole and power lead PL1A of battery BA; The system main relay SMR1 that is connected in series and limiting resistance R, itself and system main relay SMR2 are connected in parallel; And system main relay SMR3, it is connected between the negative pole (grounding jumper SL1) and node N2 of battery BA.
System main relay SMR1～SMR3 is controlled as conducting state (on)/nonconducting state (off) in response to the relay control signal CONT1～CONT3 that provides from control setup 30 respectively.
Voltage VA between the terminal of voltage sensor 10A mensuration battery BA.And temperature sensor 11A measures the temperature T A of battery BA, and current sensor 9A measures the input and output electric current I A of battery BA.The measured value of these sensors is exported to control setup 30.Control setup 30 monitors the state of the battery BA of SOC (State of Charge) representative based on these measured values.
Connecting portion 39B is arranged between power lead PL1B and grounding jumper SL2 and battery BB1, the BB2.Connecting portion 39B comprises: system main relay SR1, and it is connected between the positive pole and power lead PL1B of battery BB1; Relay SR1G, it is connected between the negative pole and grounding jumper SL2 of battery BB1; Relay SR2, it is connected between the positive pole and power lead PL1B of battery BB2; And relay SR2G, it is connected between the negative pole and grounding jumper SL2 of battery BB2.
Relay SR1, SR2 are controlled as conducting state (on)/nonconducting state (off) in response to the relay control signal CONT4, the CONT5 that provide from control setup 30 respectively.Relay SR1G, SR2G are controlled as conducting state (on)/nonconducting state (off) in response to the relay control signal CONT6, the CONT7 that provide from control setup 30 respectively.Grounding jumper SL2 passes conv 12A, 12B and extends to changer 14 and 22 sides as the back illustrates.
Voltage sensor 10B1 and 10B2 measure voltage VBB1 and the VBB2 between the terminal of battery BB1 and BB2 respectively.And temperature sensor 11B1 and 11B2 measure temperature T BB1 and the TBB2 of battery BB1 and BB2 respectively.In addition, current sensor 9B1 and 9B2 measure input and output electric current I B1 and the IB2 of battery BB1 and BB2.The measured value of these sensors is exported to control setup 30.Control setup 30 monitors SOC (State of Charge) the battery BB1 of representative, the state of BB2 based on these measured values.
In addition, as battery BA, BB1, BB2, for example can use high-capacity conies such as secondary batterys such as lead battery, Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery and/or double charge layer capacitor etc.
Changer 14 is connected with grounding jumper SL2 with supply line PL2.Voltage after changer 14 is accepted to boost from conv 12A and/or 12B for example drives dynamotor MG1 for start the engine 4.In addition, changer 14 will the electric power that generating produces among dynamotor MG1 turns back to conv 12A and 12B by transmitting the power that comes from driving engine 4.At this moment, conv 12A and 12B carry out work by control setup 30 controls as step-down controller.
The electric current that current sensor 24 will flow in dynamotor MG1 detects as motor current value MCRT1, and motor current value MCRT1 is exported to control setup 30.
Changer 22 and changer 14 are connected between supply line PL2 and the grounding jumper SL2 in parallel.Changer 22 is three-phase alternating voltage with the dc voltage conversion of conv 12A and 12B output, and exports to the dynamotor MG2 that drives wheel 2.In addition, changer 22 will be followed regenerative brake and generating produces in dynamotor MG2 electric power turns back to conv 12A and 12B.At this moment, conv 12A and 12B carry out work by control setup 30 controls as step-down controller.
The electric current that current sensor 25 will flow in dynamotor MG2 detects as motor current value MCRT2, and motor current value MCRT2 is exported to control setup 30.
Control setup 30 is by being built-in with not shown CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) and the electronic control unit of memory device (ECU) constitute, based on being stored in the calculation process that mapping graph in this memory device and program are carried out the measured value of having used each sensor.In addition, about the part of control setup 30, also can constitute by hardware such as electronic circuits and carry out predetermined numerical value/logic operation processing.
Specifically, control setup 30 is accepted each torque instruction value and the rotating speed of dynamotor MG1, MG2, each value of voltage VBA, VBB1, VBB2, VLA, VLB, VH, motor current value MCRT1, MCRT2, and cranking signal IGON.And control setup 30 stops (shut down) signal to what conv 12B output boosted that the control signal PWUB of indication, the control signal PWDB that carries out the step-down indication and indication forbid work.
And, 30 pairs of changers of control setup, 14 output control signal PWMI1 and control signal PWMC1, control signal PWMI1 carries out the vdc as the output of conv 12A, 12B is converted to driving indication for the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage that drives dynamotor MG1, and control signal PWMC1 carries out that the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage that generating in dynamotor MG1 produces is converted to vdc and turns back to the regeneration indication of conv 12A, 12B side.
Similarly, 30 pairs of changers of control setup, 22 output control signal PWMI2 and control signal PWMC2, control signal PWMI2 carries out vdc is converted to driving indication for the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage that drives dynamotor MG2, and control signal PWMC2 carries out that the alternating-current voltage/AC voltage that generating in dynamotor MG2 produces is converted to vdc and turns back to the regeneration indication of conv 12A, 12B side.
Fig. 2 is the changer 14 of presentation graphs 1 and the circuit diagram of 22 detailed construction.
With reference to Fig. 2, changer 14 comprises U phase arm 15, V phase arm 16 and W arm 17 mutually.U phase arm 15, V phase arm 16 and W phase arm 17 are connected in parallel between supply line PL2 and the grounding jumper SL2.
U phase arm 15 comprises IGBT (Insulated gate Bipolar Transistor, igbt) element Q3, the Q4 that is connected in series between supply line PL2 and the grounding jumper SL2; Diode D3, the D4 that is connected with IGBT element Q3, Q4 reverse parallel connection respectively.The negative electrode of diode D3 is connected with the collecting electrode of IGBT element Q3, and the anode of diode D3 is connected with the emitter of IGBT element Q3.The negative electrode of diode D4 is connected with the collecting electrode of IGBT element Q4, and the anode of diode D4 is connected with the emitter of IGBT element Q4.
V phase arm 16 comprises IGBT element Q5, the Q6 that is connected in series between supply line PL2 and the grounding jumper SL2; Diode D5, the D6 that is connected with IGBT element Q5, Q6 reverse parallel connection respectively.IGBT element Q5, Q6 are the same with U phase arm 15 with the connection of reverse parallel connection diode D5, D6.
W phase arm 17 comprises IGBT element Q7, the Q8 that is connected in series between supply line PL2 and the grounding jumper SL2; Diode D7, the D8 that is connected with IGBT element Q7, Q8 reverse parallel connection respectively.IGBT element Q7, Q8 are the same with U phase arm 15 with the connection of reverse parallel connection diode D7, D8.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the IGBT element is represented as the representative example that can connect the power semiconductor on-off element that disconnects control.That is, also can replace the IGBT element and use power semiconductor on-off elements such as bipolar transistor and/or field effect transister.
The intermediate point of each phase arm is connected with respectively the holding mutually of each phase coil of dynamotor MG1.That is, dynamotor MG1 is the permanent magnet synchronous motor of three-phase, and an end separately of three coils of U, V, W phase is connected in mid point jointly.And the other end of U phase coil is connected with the line UL that draws from the connecting joint of IGBT element Q3, Q4.In addition, the other end of V phase coil is connected with the line VL that draws from the connecting joint of IGBT element Q5, Q6.In addition, the other end of W phase coil is connected with the line WL that draws from the connecting joint of IGBT element Q7, Q8.
In addition, about the changer 22 of Fig. 1, though connecting on this point differently with changer 14 with dynamotor MG2, inner circuit structure and changer 14 are same, so no longer repeat detailed explanation.In addition, in Fig. 2, put down in writing the situation that control signal PWMI, PWMC are provided to changer, this is to become complicated for fear of record, and as shown in Figure 1, each control signal PWMI1, PWMC1 and control signal PWMI2, PWMC2 are transfused to respectively to changer 14,22.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the detailed construction of the conv 12A of presentation graphs 1 and 12B.
With reference to Fig. 3, conv 12A comprises: the reactor L1 that an end is connected with power lead PL1A; Be connected in series in IGBT element Q1, Q2 between supply line PL2 and the grounding jumper SL2; And the diode D1, the D2 that are connected with IGBT element Q1, Q2 reverse parallel connection respectively.
The other end of reactor L1 is connected with the emitter of IGBT element Q1 and the collecting electrode of IGBT element Q2.The negative electrode of diode D1 is connected with the collecting electrode of IGBT element Q1, and the anode of diode D1 is connected with the emitter of IGBT element Q1.The negative electrode of diode D2 is connected with the collecting electrode of IGBT element Q2, and the anode of diode D2 is connected with the emitter of IGBT element Q2.
In addition, about the conv 12B of Fig. 1, though connect on this point differently with conv 12A replacing power lead PL1A with power lead PL1B, inner circuit structure and conv 12A are same, so no longer repeat detailed explanation.In addition, put down in writing the situation that control signal PWU, PWD are provided to conv in Fig. 3, this is to become complicated for fear of record, and as shown in Figure 1, each control signal PWUA, PWDA and control signal PWUB, PWDB are transfused to respectively to changer 14,22.
In the power-supply system of elec. vehicle 1, by the secondary electrical storage device of selecting among battery BA (main electrical storage device) and battery BB1, the BB2 (below be also referred to as " selecting secondary electrical storage device BB "), between dynamotor MG1, MG2, carry out giving and accepting of electric power.
Control setup 30 is based on the detected value of voltage sensor 10A, temperature sensor 11A and current sensor 9A, sets the output upper limit electric power Wout (M) of the higher limit of the input upper limit electric power Win (M) of higher limit of SOC (M), expression charging power of the residual capacity of the main electrical storage device of expression and expression discharged power.
And control setup 30 is set the SOC (B) and input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) that select secondary electrical storage device BB based on the detected value of voltage sensor 10B1,10B2, temperature sensor 11B1,11B2, current sensor 9B1,9B2.
In general, SOC is represented with respect to the ratio (%) of the fully charged state of each battery by current charge volume.In addition, though Win, Wout be expressed as with predetermined time (for example about 10 seconds) to this electric power discharge, this battery (BA, BB1, BB2) can not become yet and overcharge or the higher limit of the electric power of overdischarge.
In Fig. 4, represented to be used for explanation and the control of travelling of the elec. vehicle of being realized by control setup 30 1, specifically namely and the power distribution between the driving engine 4, dynamotor MG1, MG2 control the functional block diagram of relevant control structure.In addition, each functional block unit shown in Figure 4 is by being carried out the preset program of storage in advance and/or being realized by the execution of the electronic circuit (hardware) in the control setup 30 calculation process by control setup 30.
With reference to Fig. 4, gross horsepower is calculated portion 260 calculates elec. vehicle 1 integral body based on the speed of a motor vehicle and pedal operation (acceleration pedal) general requirements power P tt1.In addition, in general requirements power P tt1, according to vehicle condition, also can comprise the power (driving engine output) that requires in order to make dynamotor MG1 produce battery charge electric power.
To input and output upper limit electric power Win (M), the Wout (M) of the main electrical storage device BA of control part 250 input that travels and select input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) of secondary electrical storage device BB, regenerative brake requirement when calculating the general requirements power P tt1 of portion 260 and brake pedal operation from gross horsepower.The control part 250 of travelling generates torque instruction value Tqcom1 and the Tqcom2 as the electric machine control instruction, makes the total input and output electric power of dynamotor MG1, MG2 be in main electrical storage device BA and selects in the scope of the total charging restriction (Win (M)+Win (S)) of secondary electrical storage device BB and discharge restriction (Wout (M)+Wout (S)).And, in order to ensure general requirements power P tt1, the vehicular drive power that is produced by dynamotor MG2 and the vehicular drive power that is produced by driving engine 4 are distributed.Particularly, suppress the work of driving engine 4 or set the vehicular drive power that is produced by driving engine 4 accordingly with the zone that driving engine 4 can be worked efficiently by maximally utilising the battery electric power that obtains from external charging, the control of travelling of the vehicle of realizing high fuel efficiency.
Convertor controls portion 270 generates control signal PWMI1, the PWMC1 of changer 14 based on the motor current value MCRT1 of torque instruction value Tqcom1 and dynamotor MG1.Similarly, convertor controls portion 280 generates control signal PWMI2, the PWMC2 of changer 22 based on the motor current value MCRT2 of torque instruction value Tqcom2 and dynamotor MG2.In addition, the control part 250 that travels generates the engine control instruction according to the required value of the vehicular drive power of setting that is produced by driving engine.And, instructed to control the work of driving engine 4 according to above-mentioned engine control by not shown control setup (Engine ECU).
Control setup 30, for the driving mode (EV pattern) that uses battery electric power to make vehicle energetically to travel the time, when general requirements power P tt1 is in cell integrated output upper limit electric power Wout (M)+when Wout (S) is following, do not make driving engine 4 work, only travel by the vehicular drive power that is produced by dynamotor MG2.On the other hand, when general requirements power P tt1 has surpassed Wout (M)+Wout (S), start the engine 4.
Relative therewith, be when not selecting the driving mode (HV pattern) of this EV pattern, the propulsive effort power division between control setup 30 control driving engines 4 and the dynamotor MG2 makes battery SOC be maintained predetermined target value.That is, carry out comparing with the EV pattern control of travelling that makes driving engine 4 work easily.
Under the EV pattern, carry out comparing with main electrical storage device BA preferential use select secondary electrical storage device BB electric power discharge and recharge control.Therefore, when the SOC of the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection in using has reduced, need to switch the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection in vehicle travels.For example, when vehicle launch, battery BB1 has been made as under the situation of selecting secondary electrical storage device BB, need has carried out the connection hand-off process that battery BB1 is cut off and battery BB2 is connected with conv 12B as the secondary electrical storage device BB of new selection from conv 12B.
At this moment, the new output voltage of the battery BB2 of the secondary electrical storage device BB that elects of using is higher than the output voltage of the battery BB1 of use before this usually.Its result because the connection of new high-voltage battery, may cause equipment protection etc. to have problems because of the generation of unexpected short circuit paths.Therefore, the connection hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device needs exactissima diligentia to prevent short circuit paths.In addition, during above-mentioned connection hand-off process, owing to can not be undertaken that electric power is supplied with and power recovery by selecting secondary electrical storage device BB, therefore in during this period, require to discharge and recharge and limit so that power-supply system integral body does not produce overcharges and overdischarge.
Below, the connection hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of having considered this point is described.
Fig. 5 is the diagram of circuit of concise and to the point treatment step of the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of selection in the power-supply system of elec. vehicle of expression embodiment of the present invention.In addition, Fig. 6～Figure 10 is the diagram of circuit that explains step S100, S200 among Fig. 5, S300, S400, S500.
Control setup 30 can repeatedly be carried out the control treatment step of the diagram of circuit of following Fig. 5～shown in Figure 10 with the predetermined cycle by the preset program of carrying out storage in advance with the predetermined cycle.Thus, can realize the connection hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device in the power-supply system of elec. vehicle of embodiment of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 5, control setup 30 is carried out the switching determination of selecting secondary electrical storage device and is handled in step S100.And, when being judged to be when need to switch selecting secondary electrical storage device, carry out following step S200～S500.On the other hand, when in step S100, being judged to be when not needing switch to select secondary electrical storage device, execution in step S200～S500 not in fact.
Processings of boosting before control setup 30 is carried out in step S200 and switched carried out the electrical power limit change and handled in step S300 so that between connection transfer period of secondary electrical storage device to the power-supply system generation excessive discharge and recharge requirement.Then, control setup 30 is executing this processing back by step S500 execution recovery processing and is beginning to come supply capability by new selection pair electrical storage device BB by the connection hand-off process that is connected of the step S400 execution reality switching secondary electrical storage device BB of selection and conv 12B.
Fig. 6 is the diagram of circuit that explains the switching determination processing (S100) of the secondary electrical storage device of selection among Fig. 5.
In addition, as described below, import the variable ID that carries out situation (state) that expression connects hand-off process.Variable ID is set at certain value in-1,0～4.ID=0 represents not produce the state that the switching of secondary electrical storage device requires.That is, when ID=0, secondary electrical storage device BB comes supply capability by current selection, judges whether need to switch the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection with the predetermined cycle on the other hand.In addition, causing not existing under the situation of the new secondary electrical storage device that can use owing to breakdown of equipment and/or battery electric power consumption, be set at ID=-1.
With reference to Fig. 6, control setup 30 judges by step S105 whether ID equals 0.When ID=0 (when being judged to be "Yes" in S105), control setup 30 carries out whether need to switch the judgement of selecting secondary electrical storage device by step S110.The judgement of step S110 is based on basically that the SOC of the secondary electrical storage device BB of current selection carries out.That is, if the SOC of the secondary electrical storage device in using has been lower than predetermined decision content, then being judged to be needs to switch the secondary electrical storage device of selection.
Control setup 30 is confirmed the result of determination switched of whether needing of step S110 by step S150.Then, when being judged to be (when being judged to be "Yes" in step S150) when need switching, control setup 30 is specified the secondary electrical storage device BB of the new selection of using by step S160.As shown in Figure 1, be equipped with under the situation of these two batteries of battery BB1, BB2 as secondary electrical storage device, processing that needn't execution in step S160 automatically determines the secondary electrical storage device BB of new selection.But, when secondary electrical storage device BB1～BBn (integer more than the n:3) of being equipped with in the structure at Fig. 1 more than 3, wait to specify the new secondary electrical storage device that next uses based on the secondary electrical storage device SOC separately in the current non-use.Then, control setup 30 is set ID=1 in order to advance the connection hand-off process.That is, ID=1 has represented to produce the state that the switching of selecting secondary electrical storage device BB required and begun hand-off process.
On the other hand, when be judged to be (when being judged to be "No" in S150) when not needing switch to select secondary electrical storage device by step S110, control setup 30 is kept ID=0 by step S170.In addition, when having begun hand-off process in case become ID 〉=1, when perhaps being set at ID=-1 when there not being the new secondary electrical storage device that can use (when in S105, being judged to be "No"), the processing of skips steps S110～S180.
Fig. 7 is the diagram of circuit that explains processing (S200) that boost before the switching shown in Figure 5.
With reference to Fig. 7, control setup 30 confirms by step S205 whether ID equals 1 in boosting and handling before switching.And, as ID=1, sent that the switching of selecting secondary electrical storage device BB requires and when having begun hand-off process (when being judged to be "Yes" in S205), control setup 30 boosts to predetermined voltage V1 by the instruction of boosting that step S210 produces conv 12A with the voltage VH with supply line PL2.In response to this instruction of boosting, the voltage instruction value VHref of supply line PL2 is set to V1, generates the control signal PWUA of conv 12A to realize this voltage instruction value.
Here, predetermined voltage V1 is set to the higher voltage of voltage than the higher side in the output voltage of main electrical storage device BA and the secondary electrical storage device BB of the selection that newly is connected (for example BB2).For example, by predetermined voltage V1 being made as the upper control limit voltage VHmax that can boost by conv 12A, can be reliably voltage VH when boosting instruction establish the output voltage of the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection than main electrical storage device BA and after switching the two is all high.Perhaps, from the viewpoint of the loss that reduces conv 12A, also can be at every turn according to this constantly main electrical storage device BA and switch after the output voltage of the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection, determine predetermined voltage V1 in the mode with surplus.
When having produced by step S210 when instruction of boosting, control setup 30 judges based on the detected value of voltage sensor 13 whether voltage VH has reached predetermined voltage V1 by step S220.For example, when lasting schedule time ground has become VH 〉=V1, in step S220, be judged to be "Yes".
When voltage VH has reached predetermined voltage V1 (when being judged to be "Yes" in S220), control setup 30 makes ID advance to 2 from 1.On the other hand, before voltage VH reaches V1 during (when in S220, being judged to be "No"), keep ID=1.That is boost before, ID=2 represents to switch and handle the state that is through with, can further advances hand-off process.In addition, when ID ≠ 1 (when in S205, being judged to be "No"), the processing of the step S210～S230 after skipping.
When the processing (step S200) of boosting before such switching finished, the electrical power limit change that control setup 30 is carried out was as shown in Figure 8 handled.
Fig. 8 explains the diagram of circuit that (S300) handled in electrical power limit change shown in Figure 5.
With reference to Fig. 8, control setup 30 at first judges by step S305 whether ID equals 2 in the electrical power limit change is handled.When ID ≠ 2 (when in S305, being judged to be "No"), the processing of the step S310～S340 after skipping.
When ID=2 (when being judged to be "Yes" in S305), control setup 30 begins the temporary transient mitigation that discharges and recharges restriction of main electrical storage device BA by step S310.Specifically, temporarily increase the input and output upper limit electric power Win (M) of main electrical storage device BA, the absolute value of Wout (M).
Then, control setup 30 reduces the input and output upper limit electric power Win (S) that selects secondary electrical storage device BB, the absolute value of Wout (S) by step S320 gradually.For example, following predetermined certain ratio makes Win (S), Wout (S) little by little reduce to 0.
Control setup 30 judges by step S330 whether Wout (S), Win (S) have reached 0.During before becoming Wout (S)=Win (S)=0, repeated execution of steps S320, Wout (S) and Win (S) reduce constantly.
Then, as Wout (S) and Win (S) when having reached 0 (when being judged to be "Yes" in S330), control setup 30 makes ID advance to 3 from 2 by step S340.That is boost before, ID=3 represents to switch and handle and the state that is connected switching that is through with, can begins between secondary electrical storage device BB1, BB2 and the conv 12B is handled in the electrical power limit change.
When electrical power limit change processing shown in Figure 8 finishes, the connection hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of control setup 30 execution in step S400.
Fig. 9 is the diagram of circuit that explains the connection hand-off process (S400) of secondary electrical storage device shown in Figure 5.
With reference to Fig. 9, control setup 30 at first judges by step S405 whether ID equals 3 in the connection hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device.And, when ID ≠ 3 (when in S405, being judged to be "No"), the processing of the step S410～S450 after skipping.
When ID=3 (when being judged to be "Yes" in S405), control setup 30 stops conv 12B by the preparation that step S410 switches as the connection of secondary electrical storage device.That is, conv 12B forcibly disconnects IGBT element Q1, Q2 in response to halt instruction.Then, control setup 30 produces by step S420 and is used for the actual relay control signal that switches the connection of secondary electrical storage device.For example, for battery BB1 is connected with conv 12B from conv 12B disconnection and with battery BB2, generate relay control signal CONT4, CONT6 to disconnect relay SR1, SR1G, generate relay control signal CONT5, CONT7 on the other hand with cutin relay SR2, SR2G.
Then, control setup 30 judges by the relay connection switching of step S420 indication whether finish by step S430.And when connect switching (when being judged to be "Yes" in S430) when finishing, control setup 30 is by step S440 start converter 12B and begin switch (switching) work again, and makes ID advance to 4 from 3 by step S450.
That is, ID=4 vice electrical storage device switches completed state with being connected of relay between the conv 12B.
When the connection hand-off process of step S400 was finished, the recovery of control setup 30 execution in step S500 was handled.
Figure 10 explains the diagram of circuit that (S500) handled in recovery shown in Figure 5.
With reference to Figure 10, control setup 30 at first judges by step S505 whether ID equals 4 in recovering processing.And, when ID ≠ 4 (when in S505, being judged to be "No"), the processing of the step S510～S570 after skipping.
When ID=4 (when being judged to be "Yes" in S505), control setup 30 finishes the temporary transient mitigation that discharges and recharges restriction beginning, main electrical storage device BA by step S310 (Fig. 7) by step S510.Thus, Wout (M) and Win (M) revert to the hand-off process value before that begins to select secondary electrical storage device BB basically.
Then, control setup 30 makes and handles input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) that (step S300) be contracted to 0 the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection by electrical power limit and rise to the Win of the secondary electrical storage device of new selection (for example battery BB2), the value of Wout gradually.
Then, control setup 30 confirms by step S530 whether input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), Wout (S) have reverted to the Win of the secondary electrical storage device BB of new selection, the value of Wout.During before recovering end (when in S530, being judged to be "No"), repeated execution of steps S520, input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), Wout (S) rise gradually with certain ratio.
When the recovery of input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), Wout (S) is finished (when being judged to be "Yes" in S530), control setup 30 makes ID revert to 0 again by step S540.Thus, in power-supply system, reproduced and to have realized that by main electrical storage device BA and the new secondary electrical storage device BB of selection normal electric power is supplied with and the state of power recovery.
Then, control setup 30 is advanced to step S550 with processing, and the instruction of boosting that will produce in step S210 (Fig. 6) is made as non-activation (OFF).Thus, the voltage instruction value of supply line PL2 also becomes the general value of setting according to the state of dynamotor MG1, MG2.
When a series of hand-off process was finished, control setup 30 also can further judge whether there is the possibility of switching the secondary electrical storage device of selection again in vehicle travels by step S560.And when not having the possibility of switching again, control setup 30 is set at ID-1 by step S570.When ID became-1, each step S100～S500 of Fig. 4 was set as non-execution in fact, therefore can not begin to select the hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device before vehicle operating finishes.
On the other hand, when having the possibility of switching again, control setup 30 skips steps S570 keep ID=0.Its result owing to handle with the switching determination of predetermined cycle execution in step S100, therefore can begin to select the hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device as required and again.
In addition, in the topology example of the Fig. 1 that only is equipped with two secondary electrical storage devices, also can omit the processing of step S560, in case when selecting the hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device to finish, ID is made as always-1, the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of the selection in vehicle can being travelled is defined as only carries out 1 time.
Perhaps, in the power-supply system that is equipped with the secondary electrical storage device more than 3 and/or have in the power-supply system of the structure that can in vehicle operating, charge to the secondary electrical storage device in the non-use, can be made as according to situation and keep ID=0, can carry out the structure of the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of for the second time later selection thus.
In Figure 11, represented the work wave in the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of selection in the power-supply system of elec. vehicle of Fig. 5～present embodiment illustrated in fig. 10.
With reference to Figure 11, ID=0, before t1 during in, carry out based on the switching determination of the SOC of the secondary electrical storage device of current selection (for example battery BB1) with the predetermined cycle and to handle.
Then, at moment t1, in response to the reduction of the SOC of battery BB1, handle (step S100) and send the switching requirement of selecting secondary electrical storage device BB by being switched and determined, begin hand-off process by being set at ID=1.
Thus, the processing (step S200) of boosting before execution is switched makes the voltage VH of supply line PL2 rise to predetermined voltage V1 by conv 12A.Handled when the moment, t2 finished when boosting of supply line PL2, ID is changed into 2 from 1.
When having become ID=2, carry out the electrical power limit change and handle (S300), temporarily relax discharging and recharging of main electrical storage device BA.That is the temporary transient raising of the absolute value of beginning input and output upper limit electric power Win (M), Wout (M).And, the input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) that select secondary electrical storage device BB are reduced to 0 gradually with certain ratio.In addition, in this period, control conv 12B is to stop to discharge and recharge of current selection secondary electrical storage device (battery BB1).Perhaps, conv 12B also can stop since moment t1.
At moment t3, as the input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) that select secondary electrical storage device BB when having narrowed down to 0, ID is changed into 3 from 2.Then, when having become ID=3, begin the connection hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device.That is, under the state that conv 12A stops, disconnecting relay SR1, SR1G, cutin relay SR2, SR2G then.Then, when the connection hand-off process of relay finish, when being connected with conv 12B as the battery BB2 of the secondary electrical storage device of new selection, start converter 12B again.Finished because these connect hand-off process, at moment t4, ID has been changed into 4 from 3.
When having become ID=4, make and select input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) of secondary electrical storage device BB to rise gradually with certain ratio, bring into use the battery BB2 as the secondary electrical storage device of new selection thus.Accompany therewith, the temporary transient mitigation that discharges and recharges restriction of main electrical storage device BA finishes, and Wout (M), Win (M) revert to t2 value before constantly basically.
Then, when the Win (S) that selects secondary electrical storage device BB at moment t5, Wout (S) have returned to the suitable initial value of Wout, Win with battery BB2, revert to ID=0.And, the processing of boosting of the line PL2 that also stops power supply.
Thus, the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device of a series of selection is finished, and has reproduced to use and has selected secondary electrical storage device BB (battery BB2) to carry out the state of normal electric power supply and power recovery.
In addition, at moment t5, as illustrated in fig. 10, judge the possibility that in vehicle travels, whether has the hand-off process of carrying out secondary electrical storage device again, if under the situation that does not have the possibility that produces hand-off process, make ID equal-1, the load of the control setup 30 after then can alleviating.
Next, use Figure 12 that structure as the funtion part of a hand-off process part, that be used for Fig. 5～secondary electrical storage device of selection illustrated in fig. 10 in the control structure of the power-supply system of embodiments of the present invention is described.Each functional block shown in Figure 12 is handled to realize by the software of being realized by control setup 30 execution preset programs, is perhaps realized by special-purpose electronic circuit (hardware handles).
With reference to Figure 12, switch judgement part 100 is accepted SOC (BB1), the SOC (BB2) of the charge condition of expression battery BB1, BB2, judges whether the SOC of the secondary electrical storage device BB of selection in the current use has been lower than predetermined decision content.When the total variable ID of each functional unit was 0, switch judgement part 100 was carried out above-mentioned determination processing with the predetermined cycle, needed to switch when selecting secondary electrical storage device when having become, and made ID change into 1 from 0.Thus, produce the switching requirement of selecting secondary electrical storage device.That is, the function of switch judgement part 100 is corresponding to the processing of the step S100 of Fig. 5.
The instruction unit 110 of boosting, produced the switching of selecting secondary electrical storage device require, when having become ID=1, to conv control part 200 outputs of the control conv 12A command signal CMBT that boosts.
Conv control part 200 is based on control signal PWUA, the PWDA of voltage VH, VLA and voltage instruction value VHref generation conv 12A, so that the voltage VH of supply line PL2 becomes voltage instruction value VHref.
Then, conv control part 200 is set at voltage instruction value Vhref=V1 having generated under the situation of the command signal CMBT that boosts from the instruction unit 110 of boosting, and generates control signal PWUA.And, when the state continuance that is reached predetermined voltage V1 by voltage sensor 13 detected voltage VH schedule time when above, the flag F BT that conv control part 200 boosts expression and finishes activates (ON).
When flag F BT was activated (ON), the instruction unit of boosting 110 changed into 2 with ID.And the lasting output command signal CMBT that boosts is up to connecting to switch to finish and be set at ID=4 by connecting relay that switch control portion 140 carries out by described later.That is, boost the function of instruction unit 110 corresponding to the step S200 of Fig. 5 and the step S550 of Figure 10.
Electrical power limit portion 120 sets input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) that selects secondary electrical storage device BB.When common, based on setting input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), Wout (S) as SOC (SOC (BB1) or SOC (BB2)), battery temperature (TBB1 or TBB2), the output voltage (VB1 or VB2) of the battery of selecting secondary electrical storage device BB.
Relative therewith, when selecting the hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device, when having become ID=2, electrical power limit portion 120 makes input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), Wout (S) reduce gradually to 0 with certain ratio, and as Win (S), Wout (S) when reaching 0, make ID change into 3 from 2.And, when when connecting switch control portion 140 and set ID=4 for, electrical power limit portion 120 make input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), Wout (S) rise to switch after the suitable value of Win, the Win of the secondary electrical storage device BB of new selection.Then, when rising is finished dealing with, make ID change into 0 from 4.
That is, realize the processing of step S520～S540 of processing, Figure 10 of step S320～S340 of Fig. 8 and the function of " the first electrical power limit portion " of the present invention and " the second electrical power limit portion " by electrical power limit portion 120.
Electrical power limit portion 130 sets input and output upper limit electric power Win (M) and the Wout (M) of main electrical storage device BA.When common, set input and output upper limit electric power Win (M), Wout (M) based on SOC (BA), battery temperature TA, the output voltage V A of the battery of main electrical storage device BA.
Relative therewith, when selecting the hand-off process of secondary electrical storage device, when having set ID=2 for, electrical power limit portion 130 temporarily rises the absolute value of input and output upper limit electric power Win (M) and Wout (M), temporarily relaxes the restriction that discharges and recharges of main electrical storage device BA thus.Then, when having set ID=4 for by connection switch control portion 140, electrical power limit portion 130 makes input and output upper limit electric power Win (M) and Wout (M) revert to common value.
That is, realize the processing of step S510 of processing, Figure 10 of the step S310 of Fig. 8 and the function of " the 3rd electrical power limit portion " of the present invention by electrical power limit portion 130.
When having set ID=3 for by electrical power limit portion 120, connect the halt instruction that switch control portion 140 generates conv 12B, and generate relay control signal CONT4～CONT7 with the connection between switching converter 12B and secondary electrical storage device BB1, the BB2.For example, in the time will selecting secondary electrical storage device BB to switch to battery BB2 from battery BB1, generate relay control signal CONT4～CONT7 to disconnect relay SR1, SR1G and cutin relay SR2, SR2G.Then, when this relay connects hand-off process and finishes, stop above-mentioned halt instruction and start converter 12B again, and make ID change into 4 from 3.
Connect switch control portion 140 corresponding to the step S400 of Fig. 5 (processing of the S405 of Fig. 9～S450).
As mentioned above, power-supply system according to the elec. vehicle of present embodiment, in the hand-off process of the secondary electrical storage device that uses, switch because after the voltage that makes supply line PL2 rises, carry out the connection of secondary electrical storage device, so when connecting switching, can prevent from reliably in system, forming with the short circuit paths of the new secondary electrical storage device that uses as starting point.In addition, in the hand-off process of selecting secondary electrical storage device, because suitably input and output upper limit electric power Win (S), the Wout (S) of secondary electrical storage device BB are selected in restriction, so can avoid power-supply system is required excessive discharging and recharging.Its result shares in the power-supply system of structure of an electric pressure converter (converter) at a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices, can be suitably and carry out the connection hand-off process of switching the secondary electrical storage device when selecting secondary electrical storage device sleekly.
Should think that this disclosed embodiment all is illustration rather than restrictive content aspect all.Scope of the present invention is not by above-mentioned explanation but represented by claim, comprises the meaning that is equal to claim and all changes in the scope.
1. the power-supply system of an elec. vehicle (1), described elec. vehicle are equipped with the motor (MG2) that produces vehicular drive power, and this power-supply system has:
Main electrical storage device (BA);
Supply line (PL2), it is powered to the changer (22) that drives the described motor of control;
First electric pressure converter (12A), it is arranged between described supply line and the described main electrical storage device, carries out two-way voltage transitions;
The a plurality of secondary electrical storage device that arranges (BB1, BB2) parallel with one anotherly;
Second electric pressure converter (12B), it is arranged between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and the described supply line, carries out two-way voltage transitions between one of described a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices and described supply line;
Connecting portion (39B), it is arranged between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and described second electric pressure converter, optionally the secondary electrical storage device of the selection in described a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices (BB) is connected with described second electric pressure converter; And
Switching control (30), it controls optionally being connected between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and described second electric pressure converter;
Described switching control has:
Switch judgement part (100), whether its charge condition based on described a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices is judged needs to switch the secondary electrical storage device of described selection;
The instruction unit of boosting (110), it is when being judged as the secondary electrical storage device of the needs described selection of switching by described switch judgement part, indicate described first electric pressure converter, make its voltage with described supply line (VH) be made as first voltage (V1), this first voltage (V1) is than the output voltage of described main electrical storage device and the output voltage height that switches the back secondary electrical storage device that is connected with described second electric pressure converter;
The first electrical power limit portion (120) after its voltage at described supply line has reached described first voltage, makes the input and output electric power higher limit (Win (S), Wout (S)) of the secondary electrical storage device of described selection be decreased to zero gradually;
Connect switch control portion (140), it switches being connected between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and described second electric pressure converter when having set described input and output electric power higher limit for zero by the described first electrical power limit portion; And
The second electrical power limit portion (120), it makes described input and output electric power higher limit be promoted to the value corresponding with the charge condition of the secondary electrical storage device that newly is connected with described second electric pressure converter gradually switched being connected between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and described second electric pressure converter by described connection switch control portion after.
The described instruction unit of boosting (110) continues indication described first electric pressure converter (12A), make its voltage with described supply line (PL2) (VH) be made as described first voltage (V1), finish up to the processing that is promoted described input and output electric power higher limit (Win (S), Wout (S)) by the described second electrical power limit portion (120).
3. the power-supply system of elec. vehicle according to claim 1, wherein,
Described first voltage (V1) is equivalent to control by described first electric pressure converter (12A) higher limit of the voltage (VH) of described supply line (PL2).
4. the power-supply system of elec. vehicle according to claim 1, wherein,
Described switching control (30) also comprises the 3rd electrical power limit portion (130), the 3rd electrical power limit portion (130) reduced by the described first electrical power limit portion (120) from beginning described input and output electric power higher limit (Win (S), Wout (S)) to the described a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices (BB1, BB2) that undertaken by described connecting portion (39B) and described second electric pressure converter (12B) be connected that switching finishes during in, temporarily relax the restriction that discharges and recharges of described main electrical storage device (BA).
5. according to the power-supply system of each the described elec. vehicle in the claim 1 to 4, wherein,
Described elec. vehicle (1) also has:
Combustion engine (4), it constitutes and can be independent of described motor (MG2) and output vehicular drive power; And
Control part (250) travels, when its integral body at described elec. vehicle requires power (Ptt1) greater than output power higher limit (Wout (the S)) sum of the output power higher limit (Wout (M)) of described main electrical storage device (BA) and the secondary electrical storage device of described selection (BB), start described combustion engine.
6. the control method of the power-supply system of an elec. vehicle (1), described elec. vehicle are equipped with the motor (MG2) that produces vehicular drive power,
Described power-supply system has:
Determination step (S100) judges whether need to switch the secondary electrical storage device of described selection based on the charge condition of described a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices;
Indication step (S200), when being judged as the secondary electrical storage device of the needs described selection of switching by described determination step, indicate described first electric pressure converter, make its voltage with described supply line (VH) be made as first voltage (V1), this first voltage (V1) is than the output voltage of described main electrical storage device and the output voltage height that switches the back secondary electrical storage device that is connected with described second electric pressure converter;
Reduce step (S320～S340), after the voltage of described supply line has reached described first voltage, make the input and output electric power higher limit (Win (S), Wout (S)) of the secondary electrical storage device of described selection be decreased to zero gradually;
Switch step (S400) by described when reducing step and having set described input and output electric power higher limit for zero, switches being connected between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and described second electric pressure converter; And
Lifting step (S520～S540), switched being connected between described a plurality of secondary electrical storage device and described second electric pressure converter by described switch step after, make described input and output electric power higher limit be promoted to the value corresponding with the charge condition of the secondary electrical storage device that newly is connected with described second electric pressure converter gradually.
7. the control method of the power-supply system of elec. vehicle according to claim 6, wherein,
Also comprise the steps (S540): continue indication described first electric pressure converter (12A), make its voltage with described supply line (PL2) (VH) be made as described first voltage (V1), up to (S520～S540) processing of the described input and output electric power higher limit of lifting (Win (S), Wout (S)) finishes by described lifting step.
8. the control method of the power-supply system of elec. vehicle according to claim 6, wherein,
9. the control method of the power-supply system of elec. vehicle according to claim 6, wherein,
Also comprise the steps (S310, S510): from begin by described reduce step (S320～S340) reduce described input and output electric power higher limit (Win (S), Wout (S)) switch to being connected the described a plurality of secondary electrical storage devices (BB1, BB2) that undertaken by described connecting portion (39B) and described second electric pressure converter (12B) finish during in (t2-t4), temporarily relax the restriction that discharges and recharges of described main electrical storage device (BA).
10. according to the control method of the power-supply system of each the described elec. vehicle in the claim 6 to 9, wherein,
Described elec. vehicle (1) also is equipped with combustion engine (4), and this combustion engine (4) constitutes and can be independent of described motor (MG2) and output vehicular drive power,
When the integral body of described elec. vehicle required power (Ptt1) greater than output power higher limit (Wout (the S)) sum of the output power higher limit (Wout (M)) of described main electrical storage device (BA) and the secondary electrical storage device of described selection (BB), described combustion engine was activated.
CN2008801317350A 2008-10-31 2008-10-31 Power supply system for electric vehicle and control method for the same CN102196940B (en)
PCT/JP2008/069860 WO2010050038A1 (en) 2008-10-31 2008-10-31 Power supply system for electric vehicle and control method for the same
CN102196940A CN102196940A (en) 2011-09-21
CN102196940B true CN102196940B (en) 2013-09-25
ID=42128416
CN2008801317350A CN102196940B (en) 2008-10-31 2008-10-31 Power supply system for electric vehicle and control method for the same
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