Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN101855061B/en
Timestamp: 2018-11-19 23:20:44
Document Index: 107777845

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 38', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 14', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'arts 30', 'art 100', 'art 50', 'art 100', 'art 50', 'art 26', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art 30', 'art 50', 'art 50', 'art.\n6']

CN101855061B - Region-based supports for parts produced by solid freeform fabrication - Google Patents
Region-based supports for parts produced by solid freeform fabrication Download PDF
CN101855061B
CN101855061B CN 200880115528 CN200880115528A CN101855061B CN 101855061 B CN101855061 B CN 101855061B CN 200880115528 CN200880115528 CN 200880115528 CN 200880115528 A CN200880115528 A CN 200880115528A CN 101855061 B CN101855061 B CN 101855061B
CN 200880115528
CN101855061A (en )
C·W·霍尔
R·库尔卡尼
M·穆杰德赫
鸿清·V·王
J·C·维斯特
本发明公开了产生用于利用实体自由成形制造(“SFF”)生产的零件(50)的支撑件(30)的方法。 The present invention discloses a generating part for using the solid freeform fabrication ( "SFF") production (50) of the method of supporting the member (30). 该方法包括定义构成零件的多层(L)，对于每一层，确定需要支撑件的那些区域(R)。 The method comprises a multi-layer (L) composed of defined components, for each layer, determine which region (R) of the support required. 该方法还包括把不同层(L)的区域合并成需要支撑件的一个或多个公共区域，并为所述一个或多个公共区域中的每一个提供至少一个支撑件。 The method further includes merging the regions with different layer (L) into one or more common areas need support member, and providing at least one support member for each of said one or more common areas. 结果是与常规的SFF制造方法相比，使用较少的支撑件。 The result is compared with a conventional method for producing SFF, using less support.
利用实体自由成形制造生产的零件的基于区域的支撑件 Using solid freeform manufacturing based on the area of ​​the part of the support member
[0001] 本发明涉及利用实体自由成形制造生产的三维零件的产生，更具体地说，涉及利用实体自由成形制造生产的零件用支撑件的产生。 [0001] The present invention relates to a manufacturing three-dimensional parts produced by solid freeform, more specifically, the support member produced by using solid freeform manufacturing parts directed.
[0002]目前存在多种快速产生用于限量制造的模型、原型和实物（"零件"）的技术。 [0002] Currently there are various techniques for rapidly produce limited manufacturing model, and physical prototype ( "parts") of the. 这些技术通常被称为实体自由成形制造技术，这里称为"SFF"。 These techniques are commonly referred to as solid freeform fabrication technique, referred to herein as "SFF". 一些SFF技术包括立体光刻术， 选择性沉积成形，分层实体制造，选择性相区沉积（selective phase area deposition), 多相喷射固化，弹道粒子制造，熔融沉积成形，粒子沉积，激光烧结，膜转印成像等等。 Some SFF techniques include stereolithography, selective deposition modeling, laminated object manufacturing, selective phase area deposition (selective phase area deposition), multiphase jet solidification, ballistic particle manufacturing, fused deposition modeling, particle deposition, laser sintering, film transfer imaging and the like. 通常在SFF中，与本质上通常为减成法的常规制造技术相反，按照加成方式用建材生产复杂零件。 SFF usually in the nature of conventional manufacturing techniques generally subtractive contrast, production of complex parts in accordance with the mode of addition of building materials. 例如，在多数常规制造技术中，利用机械加工去除材料，或者用模型或铸模把材料成形为接近最终形状，随后进行修整。 For example, in most conventional fabrication techniques, removal of material by machining, or with a model or a mold shaping the material to near net shape and then trimmed. 相反，加成制造技术递增地一层一层把建材的各个部分添加到目标位置，以便构成复杂零件。 In contrast, an addition layer by layer manufacturing techniques incrementally add portions of various building materials to the target position, so as to form complex parts. SFF技术一般利用零件的计算机图形表示和建材的供应逐层地制造零件。 SFF technologies typically utilize a computer graphic representation of parts of the supply of building materials and manufacturing parts layer by layer.
[0003] 与传统的制造方法相比，SFF技术具有许多优点。 [0003] Compared with the conventional manufacturing method, SFF technologies have many advantages. 例如，SFF技术显著缩短开发原型零件的时间，能够用快速制造方法生产限量零件。 For example, the SFF techniques significantly reduce development time of prototype parts, the parts can be produced by flash limited production method. SFF技术还消除对与常规减成制造方法相关的复杂作业和加工的需要，包括为定制应用产生模具的需要。 SFF technology also eliminates the need for conventional subtractive manufacturing method related complex operations and processing, including the need to produce molds for custom applications. 另外，用SFF技术能够根据计算机图形数据（例如，计算机辅助设计（CAD)文件）直接生产定制的零件。 Further, in accordance with the SFF technology can be computer graphics data (e.g., computer-aided design (CAD) files) direct production of customized parts.
[0004] 通常，在多数SFF技术中，通过凝固或固化连续多层的建材，逐层地形成结构。 [0004] Generally, in most SFF techniques, by setting or curing successive layers of building material, the structure is formed layer by layer. 例如，在立体光刻术中，穿过连续多层的液体光聚合物树脂扫描一般在紫外辐射带中的紧聚焦能量束，以有选择地固化每层树脂，从而形成多层零件。 For example, in stereolithography, a photopolymer liquid resin through the successive layers of scanning a tightly focused energy beam is typically in the ultraviolet radiation band, each to selectively cure the resin to form a multilayer part. 在选择性激光烧结中，穿过连续多层的粉末材料扫描紧聚焦能量束，比如激光束，以有选择地烧结或熔化每层中的粉末，从而形成多层零件。 In selective laser sintering, the powder material through the successive layers of scanning a tightly focused energy beam, such as a laser beam to selectively sinter or melt the powder in each layer, to form a multilayer part. 在选择性沉积成形中，以不连续小滴的形式喷射或滴落建材，或者通过喷嘴挤出建材，以致在温度变化和/或暴露在光化辐射之中时，建材变得相对坚硬，以便层状地制作三维零件。 In the selective deposition molding, injection discontinuous form of droplets or dripping building materials, building materials or extruded through the nozzle, so that the changes in temperature and / or exposed to the actinic radiation, building materials become relatively stiff, to layered three-dimensional parts produced.
[0005] 在膜转印成像（"FTI"）中，薄膜把薄的树脂涂层转印到像面区，在像面区，用光化辐射有选择地固化与零件的断面层对应的树脂的各个部分，以形成多层零件中的一层。 [0005] In the film transfer imaging ( "FTI"), the film being a thin resin coating is transferred to the image plane area, the image surface area, with actinic radiation to selectively cure a cross-sectional layer of the part corresponding to the resin each portion to form part of a multilayer layer.
[0006] 一些SFF技术要求利用连接零件和支撑面的支撑件，把零件挂在诸如制作台、平台等之类的支撑面上。 [0006] Some SFF techniques require the use of the support member and the supporting surface of the connecting part, the part hanging in the production stage, such as, internet and the like support surface. 在美国专利5595703 ;6558606和6797351中公开了生产支撑件的现有方法，这些专利的公开内容在此整体引为参考。 It discloses a conventional process for producing the support member 6,558,606 and 6,797,351, the disclosures of these patents are incorporated by reference herein in its entirety; in U.S. Patent No. 5,595,703. 不过，在对正在生产的零件和支撑正在生产的零件的支撑件施加各种外力和内力的某些SFF技术中，这些现有支撑件并不总是令人满意。 However, in some SFF technology applied to various external and internal forces of the parts being produced are supported and parts produced in the support member, the support member these prior art are not always satisfactory.
[0007] 用于SFF系统的现有支撑结构方法的另一种缺点在于多数情况下，它们往往需要大量的人为互动。 [0007] Another disadvantage of the conventional method for structural support SFF system that in most cases, they tend to require a lot of human interaction. 在开始制作之前，需要人工检查和编辑由现有支撑结构方法和软件确定的支撑件，以确保所有要求的区域得到支撑。 Before starting the production, the need for manual review and edit the support member is determined by conventional methods and software support structures to ensure that all the required areas to be supported. 这是一个重大的问题，因为即使对于经验丰富的用户来说，编辑支撑件也需要大量的人为互动。 This is a major problem, because even for experienced users, the editor supports also requires a lot of human interaction. 这显著降低了原本设计成快速、短暂、易用且功能友好的SFF系统的生产能力。 This significantly reduces the fast, short, easy to use and features friendly SFF system originally designed production capacity.
[0008] 用于SFF系统的现有支撑结构方法的另一种缺点在于过多的支撑结构或不足的支撑结构的产生。 [0008] Another disadvantage of the conventional SFF system structure of a method for supporting a support structure that excessive or inadequate support structure. 另外，支撑件可能并未支撑正被固化的准确零件几何体。 Further, the support member may not accurately support being cured part geometry. 从而，支撑件有可能并不支撑实际正被投射光或导引光固化的准确几何体。 Thus, the support member may not have an actual supporting or guiding the light being projected photocurable accurate geometry.
[0009] 当在新的实体成像技术，比如FTI中使用现有的立体光刻支撑结构方法时，可能出现的另一个潜在缺点是支撑件几何形状缺少变化。 [0009] When a new entity in imaging techniques, such as used in conventional FTI stereolithography method of the support structure, another potential disadvantage may occur is the lack of change in the geometry of the support member. 目前的支撑件具有三角形断面，从底部到顶部厚度无变化。 The current has a triangular cross-section support member, a thickness of no change from bottom to top. 从而，支撑件厚度始终为1像素宽，这要求在制作期间和之后使用大量的支撑件充分支撑零件。 Thus, the thickness of the support is always 1 pixel wide, which requires a large amount of the support after the support elements during fabrication and full.
[0010] 本发明包括产生用SFF生产的零件的支撑件的各种方法。 [0010] The invention includes various methods of generating the supporting member parts produced by SFF. 本发明还包括具有各种形状，尺寸，位置和其它性质的支撑件（也称为"支撑结构"）。 The present invention further includes a variety of shapes, sizes, location and other properties of the support member (also referred to as a "support structure"). 一个例证实施例包括FTI系统用支撑件，在FTI系统中，常常借助零件和制作台之间的支撑件颠倒生产零件，从而需要强度较高的支撑件来保持零件悬挂在制作台上，尽管当零件与像面、膜面或其它表面分离时，施加于零件上的脱除力较高。 Exemplary embodiment includes a system supporting member FTI, FTI in the system, often by means of support between the parts and making production parts table member is reversed, thus requiring a higher strength of the support member to maintain the parts suspended production stage, although when high removal force components and the image plane, when the film surface or other surface of the separator, applied to the part.
[0011] 其它实施例提供形成用于备选SFF技术，比如立体光刻和选区沉积成形的改进支撑件的方法，以提供两个非限制性例子。 [0011] Other embodiments provide an improved method of forming a support member for SFF alternative techniques, such as stereolithography and selections deposition shaped to provide two non-limiting examples.
[0012] 本发明的一个方面目的在于提供一种在制作台上支撑用实体自由成形制造（SFF) 形成的零件的方法，包括：定义构成零件的多层；对于至少一层，通过确定该层的一个或多个自支撑部分，确定需要支撑件的区域；把不同层的区域合并成零件的一个或多个公共区域；和为所述一个或多个公共区域提供至少一个支撑件，其中提供所述至少一个支撑件包括：识别所述零件的一个或多个局部最高点；识别与所述局部最高点相关的至少一个岛状物；识别所述岛状物的最大截面，和该岛状物的最大截面的像素的对应数目；以及定义为充分支撑该岛状物而需要的支撑像素的总数。 [0012] An aspect of the object of the present invention is to provide a method of using solid freeform fabrication (the SFF) formed in the production stage support part, comprising: a definition of what constitutes a multilayer part; determining, for at least one of the layers, by one or more self-supporting portion needs to determine the region of the support member; the combined layers into regions of different parts of one or more common areas; providing at least one support member and the one or more common areas, which provide at least one support member comprises: identifying a part of said one or more local maximum points; identifying a local maximum associated with said at least one island; identifying the maximum cross section of the island, and the island-shaped and the total number of pixels supported adequately support the island is defined as required; the number of pixels corresponding to the maximum cross-section thereof.
[0013] 本发明的一个方面目的在于一种产生用于利用SFF形成的三维零件的支撑结构的方法。 [0013] An aspect of the object of the present invention is a method for generating three-dimensional parts by the support structure of the SFF formed. 所述方法包括对立体光刻（STL)模型切片，以产生零件体素；根据零件体素产生二维层数据和像素数据；对STL应用补偿或校正，以校正成像误差，和利用像素混合正确地决定边界的位置；确定支撑锚；产生支撑体素；和产生初始STL模型的像素表示的支撑结构。 Said method comprising stereolithography (STL) slice of the model, to generate part voxels; a two-dimensional layer data voxel and pixel data in accordance with part thereof; STL application of a correction or compensation to correct imaging errors, and the use of the correct pixel blending determined position of the boundary; determining support anchors; generating support voxel; a support structure and a pixel generating an initial model STL representation.
[0014] 在下面的详细说明中还描述了另外的实施例。 [0014] In the following detailed description are also described additional embodiments.
[0015] 上面概括地说明了本发明，现在参考附图，所述附图不一定按比例绘制，并且是对本发明的举例说明，而不是对本发明的限制，其中： [0015] The above generally described the present invention, with reference now to the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily to scale and are illustrative of the present invention, and not to limit the present invention, wherein:
[0016] 图1是在制作台上形成的两个零件-即，茶壶底座和莲蓬头的示意平面图，并且表示了用于每个零件的支撑件； [0016] FIG. 1 is formed of two parts in the production stage - that is, a schematic plan view of the showerhead and tea base, and each represents a support for the part;
[0017] 图2是在制作台上的制作的茶壶底座和莲蓬头的透视图，并且表示了用于支撑零件的支撑件； [0017] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stage in the production of tea production base and the showerhead, and represents a support member for supporting the part;
[0018] 图3是待制作的例证零件的示意X-Ζ图，图解说明了"可能被选中的"像素PP ； [0018] FIG. 3 is a schematic X-Ζ FIG illustration of parts to be made, it illustrates a "may be selected" pixel PP;
[0019] 图4是待制作的例证零件的最顶层的X-Υ示意图,表示了起点像素P1 ; [0019] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of X-Υ topmost part to be made of illustration, a pixel represents a starting point Pl;
[0020] 图5是类似于图4的X-Υ示意图，表示额外像素在指定层L的定义区域R中的包含; [0020] FIG. 5 is an X-Υ a schematic view similar to Figure 4, showing additional pixels contained in the specified layer defined region R L;
[0021] 图6类似于图5，表示更多额外像素在定义区域R中的包含； [0021] FIG. 6 is similar to FIG. 5, showing more additional pixels included in the definition of the region R;
[0022] 图7类似于图6，表示区域R1被完全识别； [0022] FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 6, R1 represents a region is completely identified;
[0023] 图8是零件的X-Υ示意图，表示外边界像素P0 ； [0023] FIG. 8 is a schematic view of X-Υ part, represents the outer boundary pixel P0;
[0024] 图9是零件的X-Υ示意图，表示物体的选定层的内边界像素PI和外边界像素P0 ； [0024] FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the part X-Υ, represents a pixel within the boundary layer of the object selected PI and outer boundary pixel P0;
[0025] 图10和11是物体的例证层的示意图，图解说明通过在区域中"插入"选定像素的自支撑像素的识别； [0025] FIGS. 10 and 11 is a schematic illustration of layers of an object, illustrating the self-supporting recognition pixel region selected by the "Insert";
[0026] 图12是包括通过在图10和11中图解说明的"插入"方法确定的自支撑区的例证零件的透视图； [0026] FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustration of part of a self-supporting region, as determined by the "insert" method in FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrated in;
[0027] 图13是例证物体的所关心的区域R的例证X-Υ视图； [0027] FIG. 13 is an exemplary illustration of the object of X-Υ view of the region of interest R;
[0028] 图14是表示平坦顶部和两个陡峭侧壁的图13的所关心区域的X-Ζ视图； [0028] FIG. 14 shows two flat top and steep side walls of the X-Ζ FIG view of the area of ​​interest 13;
[0029] 图15是相对于制作台的例证零件的X-Ζ示意图，表示零件的边界和边缘； [0029] FIG. 15 is a table prepared with respect to the illustration of the part X-Ζ diagram showing parts of the boundaries and edges;
[0030] 图16是类似于图15的X-Ζ示意图,表示该区域的Zmin和Zmax值； [0030] FIG. 16 is an X-Ζ a schematic view similar to FIG. 15, showing the values ​​of Zmax and Zmin region;
[0031] 图17是包括许多"岛状物"和桥式结构的例证零件的示意X-Ζ示图； [0031] FIG. 17 is a part of many examples of "islands" of the bridge structure and a schematic diagram of X-Ζ;
[0032] 图18类似于图17，表示五个不同的岛状特征的识别； [0032] FIG. 18 is similar to FIG. 17, showing five different island features of recognition;
[0033] 图19是将由支撑结构支撑的一层的最大截面的例子； [0033] FIG. 19 is an example of a support structure supported by the layer of largest cross-section;
[0034] 图20类似于图19，不过表示了位于零件截面内的表面支撑件； [0034] FIG. 20 is similar to FIG. 19, but showing the surface of the support part is located inside the cross section;
[0035] 图21A表示由现有支持结构支撑的例证零件的例证示意侧视图，图解说明具有过少支撑件的支撑结构； [0035] FIG. 21A shows the conventional support structures supported by the illustration of a side view of part of a schematic illustration, illustrating a support structure having too little support;
[0036] 图21B类似于图21A，只是该零件由过多的支撑件支撑； [0036] FIG. 21B is similar to FIG 21A, except that the excess part is supported by the support member;
[0037] 图22是例证零件的示意图，其中用按照现有技术的导致支撑件和零件之间失配的方式计算支撑件； [0037] FIG. 22 is a schematic illustration of the parts, wherein the support member is calculated in accordance with the prior art embodiment results in a mismatch between the support member and the part;
[0038] 图23是利用切片数据、体素和像素产生支撑件的例证方法的流程图； [0038] FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustration of a method of the support member produced using slice data, voxels and pixels;
[0039] 图24是X-Ζ平面中的零件连同制作台一起的示意图，图解说明用于描述该零件的不同种类的体素； [0039] FIG. 24 is a schematic plane X-Ζ production stage together with the part of the illustration used to describe the part of different kinds of voxels;
[0040] 图25是类似于图24的示意图，图解说明在零件中的支撑锚的支撑体素的结构； [0040] FIG. 25 is a schematic view similar to FIG 24, illustrates a structural support in the part of the anchor support voxels;
[0041] 图26A是例证零件或"STL"模型的透视图，图26B是例证零件或"STL"模型的侧视图，在图26B中显示表示当前处理层和前一处理层的"当前层"和"前一层"； [0041] FIG. 26A is a perspective view illustration of part or "the STL" model, FIG. 26B is a side view illustration of part or "the STL" model, shown in FIG. 26B indicates that the current "current level" and the previous treatment layer treated layer and "previous one";
[0042] 图27是图解说明由零件体素构成支撑体素的例证方法的图示流程图； [0042] FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart illustrating exemplary method consists of the support part voxels of the voxel;
[0043] 图28是零件的一部分的特写视图，图解说明通过把朝下的体素移动一定的补偿距离，应用Z-补偿，从而补偿过度固化的步骤； [0043] FIG. 28 is a close-up view of a portion of the part, the steps illustrated by the downward movement of voxels certain distance compensation, compensation Z- application, to compensate for over-cured;
[0044] 图29是支撑件网格图案（pattern)的示意图； [0044] FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the support grid pattern (pattern) of;
[0045] 图30是零件和制作台的示意图，表示形成具有底座部分，较长的部分和顶端部分的支撑件，以及用朝下和朝上的支撑体素表示的对应支撑锚的例子； [0045] FIG. 30 is a schematic view of parts and production stage, showing forming a base portion and a longer portion of the tip portion of the support member, and the example of the correspondence represented by upwardly and downwardly of the support anchor support voxel;
[0046] 图31A-31D是对于32X32像素的网格，沿Z方向的各种支撑件图案的截面图； [0046] FIGS. 31A-31D for the 32X32 grid of pixels, the Z-direction cross-sectional views of various patterns of the support member;
[0047] 图32是例证零件的截面图，图解说明在Z方向上几何形状变化的支撑件； [0047] FIG. 32 is a sectional view of an illustrative components, illustrating the geometry of the supporting member varies in the Z-direction;
[0048] 图33表示支撑件顶端像素的灰度级以及所得到的导致子像素支撑件顶端的支撑件顶端形状； [0048] FIG. 33 shows the support member and the top of the pixel gray scale shape leads to the top support member supports the top of the sub-pixels obtained;
[0049] 图34是一组多像素支撑锚的示意图； [0049] FIG. 34 is a schematic view of a set of multi-pixel support anchors;
[0050] 图35是由较大的支撑柱支撑以固定零件，而较小的顶端支撑柱支撑"当前"层的例证零件的示意图； [0050] FIG. 35 is a larger support posts supported in a fixed part and a smaller part to the top of the support post schematic illustration of the "current" layer support;
[0051] 图36是在支撑件的较长部分中的支撑柱之间的典型增强图案的示意截面图； [0051] FIG. 36 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a typical enhancement pattern between support columns longer portion of the support member;
[0052] 图37是正在制作的零件的示意特写图，表示支撑件，包括非锚固支撑件顶端的各种构造； [0052] FIG. 37 is a schematic close-up view of being produced parts, showing the support member, including various configurations unanchored to the top support member;
[0053] 图38是呈具有8个曲面风扇叶片的风轮形式的零件的透视图； [0053] FIG. 38 is a perspective view of the components as a wind wheel having the form of a curved surface 8 of the fan blades;
[0054] 图39是风轮零件的Χ-Y截面图，表示在层#131的许多孔和曲面风扇叶片，以及支撑件的图案； [0054] FIG. 39 is a sectional view Χ-Y components of the wind turbine, showing many surface holes and fan blade, the support member and a pattern in the layer # 131;
[0055] 图40类似于图39，不过是在层#196得到的； [0055] FIG. 40 is similar to FIG. 39, but is obtained in the layer # 196;
[0056] 图41是图38的风轮零件连同支撑件的图案的Y-Ζ截面图；以及 [0056] FIG. 41 is patterned together with the support member of the Y-Ζ sectional view of the rotor part 38; and
[0057] 图42是表示作为构件的风轮零件，连同利用本发明的方法确定的各种支撑件的透视图。 [0057] FIG. 42 is a member of the wind turbine as a part perspective view of the support member, together with various methods of using the present invention is determined.
[0058] 下面参考附图更充分地说明本发明，附图中表示了本发明的一些实施例，但不是全部实施例。 [0058] Next, with reference to the drawings to more fully illustrate the present invention, the drawings showing some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. 实际上，可以用许多不同的形式具体体现本发明，本发明不应被解释成局限于这里陈述的实施例；相反，提供这些实施例，以致本公开将满足可应用的法律要求。 In fact, may be embodied in many different forms according to the present invention, the present invention should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. 尽管关于利用膜转印成像（FTI)产生的特定种类的零件说明并在附图中表示了本发明的支撑件产生方法，不过各个设备和方法的功能也适用于任何目前已知或以后提出的其中希望向正在生产的零件增加支撑件的SFF技术。 Although the description of the specific type of part produced using the film transfer imaging (FTIs) and a support member of the present invention shows a method of generating in the drawings, but the function of each apparatus and method are also applicable to any presently known or later proposed which want to increase the SFF technical support to the parts being produced. 附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件。 In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like parts.
[0059] 这里考虑的一个例证SFF系统是FTI系统，比如Rock Hill, South Carolina的3D Systems, Inc.(本申请的受让人）提供的V-FLASH Desktop Modeler。 [0059] An exemplary SFF system considered here is the FTI system, such as Rock Hill, South Carolina of 3D Systems, Inc. (assignee of this application) provides a V-FLASH Desktop Modeler. 在转让给本申请的受让人的一件或多个美国专利申请公开号：2007 / 0259066 ；2006 / 0249884 ；2007 / 0296854 ；2008 / 0206383 ；2008 / 0169589 和2008 / 0179786 中描述了这样的FTI 系统， 这些专利申请的公开内容在此整体引为参考。 Assigned to the assignee of the present application or more of a US Patent Application Publication No.: 2007/0259066; 2006/0249884; 2007/0296854; 2008/0206383; 2008/0169589 and 2008/0179786 describes such FTI system, the disclosures of these patent applications is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0060] 本发明的零件制作支撑件考虑了更传统的基于桶（vat-based)的立体光刻的要求，以及其它要求。 [0060] Parts making a support member of the present invention is based on the consideration of more traditional stereolithography barrel (vat-based) is required, as well as other requirements. 用于零件的每个区域的支撑件需要被构造成足够坚固，以致当从涂层或像面的其它表面拉开每一层时，所述支撑件不会失效。 A support member for each part of the region need to be strong enough to be configured so that when pulled from the coating each layer of the image plane or other surface, the support member will not fail. 另外，由本发明确定的支撑件一般由少数较大的柱体构成，而不是由许多较小的柱体，或者许多单像素（点状）支撑件构成。 Further, the support member is determined by the present invention generally consists of a few larger cylinder, composed of many small, rather than a cylinder, or a number of single-pixel (dot-shaped) support. 有选择地形成较少支撑件的方法导致零件上的痕迹较少，以致零件的后处理更容易；不过，当与立体光刻术等中使用细点支撑件相比时，在一些实施例中留下的痕迹最初可能更显著。 The method has less support member is selectively formed on the trace results in less parts, so that the post-treatment easier parts; however, when compared to stereolithography and the like using a fine-point support member, to remain in some embodiments traces under initially be more pronounced.
[0061] 对本说明来说，"零件"是当像面在底部，制作台在顶部时，用在像面上或其附近形成的新鲜树脂层产生的物体或构件。 [0061] The present description, the "part" when the bottom of the image plane, build pad at the top, with a member in the object or the image near the surface layer of fresh resin produced or formed. 一般把零件向上拉离像面。 Usually the parts pulled up from the image plane. 为了便于举例说明，一些附图表示制作台位于图的顶部，而其它附图表示制作台位于图的底部。 For ease of illustration, some of the drawings show manufacturing station at the top of FIG., While the other figures show manufacturing station is located at the bottom of FIG.
[0062] 支撑件要求 [0062] The support member requires
[0063] 当利用本发明的方法形成支撑件，以支撑零件时，支撑件必须满足一些设计和结构要求。 [0063] When the method of the invention for forming a support member to the support part, the support member must meet certain design and construction requirements. 第一个支撑件要求是必须利用支撑件把每个局部最高点连接到制作台上（或者连接到零件上，如果局部最高点位于零件的底层，并且零件把它与制作台隔绝开）。 The first requirement is to support by the support member is connected to each of the local maximum to build pad (or to a part, if the local maximum is located in the bottom part, and the part cut off from it and production units). 这里，"局部最高点"意味零件的表现为岛状，并且相对于零件的周围部分最接近制作台的部分。 Here, the "local maximum" means the part appears as an island, and the closest portion with respect to the peripheral portion of the build pad part.
[0064] 零件的在局部最高点下面的那部分被描述成区域。 [0064] Part of that portion of the local maximum is described as the following areas. 每个区域的所关心部分是在其最大截面的尺寸。 The portion of each region of interest is in its maximum cross-section dimension.
[0065] 另一个要求是确定各个区域，以致支撑件足以支撑零件。 [0065] Another requirement is to determine the respective regions, so that the support member is sufficient to support the part.
[0066] 本发明的目的在于确定零件的需要支撑结构的区域，和选择支撑结构的形式(即，尺寸，形状，相对位置），以使需要的支撑结构的数目充分降至最少。 Objective [0066] The present invention is to determine the area in need of the support structure of the part, and alternatives (i.e., size, shape, relative position), the support structure so that the number required to fully minimize the support structure. 尽管与现有支撑方法相比，这会导致在零件中形成更大的表面异常，不过认为具有较少支撑结构的折衷比需要一些额外的后处理重要。 Although the support compared with conventional methods, which leads to formation of larger surface anomalies in the part, but that have less than a compromise support structure requires some additional important post-treatment.
[0067] 零件的许多区域是自支撑的。 [0067] Many regions of the part is self-supporting. 完全在另一层上面制作的任意一层是自支撑的，另外新层会横向显著延伸到旧层之外，不过旧层仍将支撑新层。 Any completely fabricated upon another layer is self-supporting, further significant new layer laterally extends beyond the old layer, but the layer will continue to support the old new layer. 对于任意指定的树脂（或建材）种类和一组制作条件，能够确定一层的自支撑能力的范围。 For any given resin (or building materials) and the type of a set of production conditions, it is possible to determine the range of the self-supporting capability layer. 这一般从10像素到50像素或更高。 This is generally from 10 pixels to 50 pixels or more. 具有陡峭侧壁的零件往往是完全自支撑的。 Parts having steep side walls tend to be completely self-supporting. 具有较浅侧壁的零件需要沿着侧壁具有额外的支撑件，取决于树脂种类和制作条件。 Having a shallower sidewall parts require additional support member having along the side walls, depending on the type of resin and production conditions. 平坦区域需要在整个平坦区域内彼此隔开的支撑件。 The support member over the entire flat area required spaced flat area. 当计算支撑件是否足够坚强，以致当从每个区域和子区域的最大截面拉离零件时不会断裂时，随着额外支撑件的采用，其强度被增大。 When calculating the support member if strong enough, so that when the part is pulled away from the largest cross-section of each region and sub-region is not broken, with the use of additional support members, the strength is increased.
[0068] 从涂层（或像面）拉离零件的强度（负荷）要求是相当大的，未处理的支撑件往往不够强。 [0068] The tensile strength of the part away from the coating (or image plane) (load) required is quite large, the support member untreated often not strong enough. 在一些情况下，对大截面支撑件要求的破断力会超过50磅（222N)，而典型的4X4 像素支撑件的破断力约为6磅（27N)。 In some cases, a large section of the breaking force required will support more than 50 pounds (222N), while a typical 4X4 pixel breaking force of about 6 lbs support member (27N). 如上所述，通常理想的是在零件上具有数目最少的痕迹，以减少后处理量，即使所述较少的痕迹较大。 As described above, generally it is desirable to have a minimum number of marks in part, to reduce the amount of processing, even a small trace is large. 在使用最先进的SFF系统的其它实施例中；负荷要求为几磅。 In other embodiments, the most advanced SFF system; load demand is a few pounds. 与从涂层拉离零件的负荷要求无关，支撑件需要具有足够强度，支撑件的数目应被降到最小。 Coating pulled away from the part independent of the load requirements, the support member is required to have a sufficient strength, the number of the support member should be minimized.
[0069] 由于支撑件的强度随其断面面积的增大而增大，因此理想的是具有断面较大的较少支撑件，最理想的是使需要的支撑件的数目最小。 [0069] Since increasing the strength of the support member with its cross-sectional area is increased, and therefore less desirable support member having a larger cross section, it is desirable to minimize the number of support members is required. 确定了支撑件的组合断面之和应为每个区域和子区域的最大断面的2%的经验规则。 Determining the composition of the support section and rule of thumb should be 2% maximum section of each region and sub-region is. 在利用最现代的SFF系统的一些情况下，该经验规则可被减小到1%。 In some cases the use of the most modern SFF system, the rule of thumb can be reduced to 1%.
[0070] 如上所述，与具有更多断面较小的支撑件相比，通常更好的是获得更少的断面较大的支撑件，以使痕迹的数目降到最少。 [0070] As described above, having a smaller cross-sectional more support compared to the number obtained is generally better smaller cross section greater support member, so that traces minimized. 2%的经验规则以目前的114W树脂为基础，树脂层暴露于50mJ / cm2的福照强度之下,支撑件暴露于71mJ / cm2的福照强度之下。 2% of the current rule of thumb to 114W based resin, the resin layer is exposed to fu as the intensity of 50mJ / cm2, the support member strength fu as exposed to 71mJ / cm2 of. 从而，对于具有不同生坯强度的不同树脂和不同方法的辐照，经验规则将变化。 Thus, for irradiation at different resins having different methods and different green strength, experience rule change. 在本发明的例证实施例中，使用的经验规则以1%值为基础。 In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, using the rule of thumb based on the value of 1%.
[0071] 例证实施例 [0071] exemplary embodiment
[0072] 现在说明本发明的产生支撑结构的支撑件产生方法的例证实施例。 [0072] Now embodiments of illustration of the support structure of the support member produced according to the present invention produces a method.
[0073] 图1是利用"打印预览"软件图形表现的两个物体-即，茶壶底座10和莲蓬头20 的示意图，所述两个物体被表示成在制作台BP之上。 [0073] FIG. 1 is the use of two objects "print preview" a graphical representation of the software - i.e., the base 10 and the teapot schematic of a showerhead 20, is represented as the two objects on the build pad BP. 尽管这里公开了具有凸起表面特征的可随意处理的制作台BP，不过应认识到结合本发明，可以使用适合于支撑构件或零件的任何制作平台或其它表面，与制作台的尺寸、形状、表面纹理、可再用性、或者其它参数无关。 Although a production station disclosed herein BP having a convex surface features may be disposable, and it should be appreciated that in conjunction with the present invention, the support member may be adapted to use part or production platform or any other surface, the size of the build pad, shape, surface texture, reusability, or independent of other parameters. 另外应认识到利用本发明可以产生和支撑各种尺寸和形状的零件。 It should also be appreciated that the present invention may be produced using various sizes and shapes and the support part. 再次参见图1，较大的柱状支撑结构（"支撑件")30被表示成正方形，较小的支撑件用圆形表示。 Referring to 1, a large columnar support structure of FIG. ( "Support") 30 is again shown as squares, represented by the smaller circular support member. 茶壶底座10具有由16个4X4支撑件30支撑的外环区域12，和由两个16X16像素支撑件及14个8X8像素支撑件支撑的内环区域14。 Teapot base 10 has a support member 16 4X4 region 30 supports an outer ring 12, and by two supports 16X16 pixels and 8X8 pixels support member 14 supports an inner ring region 14. 茶壶底座10的总支撑断面为1664像素，以致依据2%的经验规则，它能够支撑最大零件断面为83200像素的构件。 The total cross section of the support base 10 is a teapot 1664 pixels, so that the rule of thumb based on 2%, it can support a maximum cross section of the part of the member 83 200 pixels. 茶壶底座10的最大零件断面为〜 91459像素（稍微大于2 %的经验规则），利用所示的支撑结构构造，成功地制作了该茶壶底座，而未使FTI系统上的支撑件破裂。 The maximum cross-sectional parts is tea base 10 ~ 91,459 pixels (slightly more than 2% rule of thumb), by the support structure configuration shown, successfully produced the tea base, the support member without the rupture of the FTI system.
[0074] 图2是在FTI系统制作台BP上的制作的茶壶底座10和莲蓬头20的透视图。 [0074] FIG. 2 is a perspective view on a table BP production Production of tea FTI system 10 and the base 20 of the showerhead. 莲蓬头20在每层都具有较小的断面，从而如图1中所示用更小的柱状支撑件30支撑。 In each layer the showerhead 20 has a smaller cross-section, so that as shown with a smaller cylindrical support member 30 in the support shown in FIG. 这里注意用于生产零件的FTI系统上的像素尺寸为0. 0088英寸（0. 0223cm)。 Note here that the pixel size of the production parts of the FTI system .0088 inches (0. 0223cm).
[0075] 与现有支撑件相比，本发明向SFF系统的用户提供众多的优点。 [0075] Compared with the conventional support member, the present invention provides numerous advantages to the user SFF system. 这些优点中的一些包括（但不限于）：1)在支撑件不断裂的情况确保零件的制作；2)痕迹的数目被降至最少，后处理容易；3)不存在形成数目较少的支撑件的制作时间损失（辐照时间等于层辐照时间加上边界辐照时间）；和4)与现有的支撑件构造相比，用于支撑件的树脂较少，这转化成降低用于制作零件的SFF系统的生产成本。 Some of these advantages include (but are not limited to): 1) in the case of the parts to be made, without breaking the support member; Number 2) is minimized trace, easy post treatment; 3) formed a smaller number of support does not exist production time loss member (exposure time equals time plus boundary layer radiation irradiation time); and 4) compared with the conventional support structure, less resin is used for the support, which translates into a reduced production cost of production SFF system parts.
[0076] 下面的说明提供利用为FTI系统产生的像素层数据说明不同区域的许多例证方法。 [0076] The following description is provided using the pixel level data generated by the system FTI illustrative of the many exemplary methods different regions. 这些区域随后用于支撑件产生方法。 These regions then used to support generation method. 应认识到可用任何目前或未来的产生支撑件的方法，包括（但不限于）在引为参考的上述专利中描述的方法，执行实际的支撑件产生方法。 Be appreciated that any method may be used to generate current or future support, including (but not limited to) methods described in the above patent is incorporated by reference, the support member is generated to perform the actual method.
[0077] 支撑件产生方法 [0077] The method of generating the supporting member
[0078] 本发明的支撑件产生方法以下述假设为基础：1)需要支撑件的单一区域可横跨多层；2)单层可具有需要支撑件的多个区域；3)需要使由支撑件引起的零件的垂直痕迹减到最少；4)支承区应包括零件的外边缘和角落，以防止层的定界；和5)产生的支撑区应考虑自支撑的陡峭区域，即，应从支撑区中识别和除去零件的自支撑的陡峭部分。 [0078] The support member of the present invention produces a method based on the following assumptions: 1) require a single region of the support member may span multiple layers; 2) single layer may have a plurality of areas that need support; 3) needs to be supported by a vertical trace element due to minimize parts; 4) include support zone and an outer edge corner part, to prevent the delimitation layer; and 5) a support zone produced steep areas should be considered self-supporting, i.e., the support should self-supporting zone steep part identification and removal of parts.
[0079] 提供这些假设是为了公开本发明的最佳方式，并不意图缩小或限制任何权利要求的范围。 [0079] These assumptions are provided for disclosure of the best mode of the present invention is not intended to limit or narrow the scope of any of the claims. 本发明的其它实施例在分析中包括另外的，备选的和/或更少的假设。 Other embodiments of the present invention comprises a further, alternative and / or less assumed in the analysis. 此外，应认识到下面各节中的所有步骤是在假定零件悬挂在制作台上，比如在FTI方法中那样，以致需要支撑面朝上的表面的情况下说明的。 Further, it should be appreciated that all the steps in the following sections are described on the assumption that the part hanging in the production stage, such as in the FTI process, so that the upward-facing surface of the support needs of the situation.
[0080] I.识别零件区域的方法 [0080] I. A method of identifying areas of the part
[0081] 支撑件产生方法的第一个主要方面是在需要支撑件的零件制作方法中，独立地识别至少一层，最好每层中的零件区域（"支撑区域"或者仅仅称为"区域"）。 [0081] The first major aspect of the method of producing the support is needed in the method of manufacturing the part of the support member, the at least one individually identified, each layer is preferably in the region of the part (a "support zone" or simply referred to as "area "). 这涉及利用七个步骤（下面的步骤1-步骤7)独立地分析各层，以产生每层的区域R。 This involves the use of seven steps (Step 1 to Step 7 below) The layers were analyzed separately to generate each region R. 在第一到第六步骤中，每个区域R的形成局限于单层。 In the first to the sixth step, forming each R is limited to a single region. 下面参考图3-图7讨论该方法的七个步骤。 Referring now to Figure 3 through 7 on the seven steps of the method.
[0082] 图3是待制作的例证零件50的示意X-Ζ图。 [0082] FIG. 3 is to be made of a schematic illustration of the part 50 of the X-Ζ FIG. 零件50被分解成许多基本零件组件("像素")？ Part 50 is broken down into a number of basic component parts ( "pixels")? 和层1仏1，1^2，..上3)。 And a layer 1 Fo ^ 2, 1, 3 ..). 步骤1包括识别接触空气并且面朝上的所有像素P。 An identifying step comprises contacting the air and on the face of all the pixels P. 图3中识别为像素组PP的浅灰色阴影的整个一组像素被称为"可能的候选像素"。 The entire set of pixels is a pixel group identified in FIG. 3 PP light gray shading is referred to as "a possible candidate pixel." 这是将被分析的整个一组像素P，可以是区域R的一部分。 This is a whole group of pixels P to be analyzed, it may be part of the R region. 不是该组PP的一部分的像素P不会是任何区域的一部分。 Pixels P are not part of the group PP is not part of any region. 另一方面，像素组PP中的像素具有被视为区域R的一部分的机会（即， 可能性）。 On the other hand, the pixel group having the pixel PP in the opportunity to be considered part of the area R (i.e., possibility).
[0083] 在步骤2，从层L1和属于可能的候选像素组PP的左下侧像素开始。 [0083] In Step 2, starting from the layer L1 and the possible candidate pixel group belonging to the lower left pixel PP. 该像素被识别为像素P1，并被用作识别区域的起点。 This pixel is identified as a pixel P1, and the recognition area as a starting point. 图4是待制作的零件50的最顶层的示意图。 4 is a schematic to be made the topmost part 50. 这里注意任何有用的符号可被用于像素识别，比如P(X，Y，Z)，其中X，Y，Z是表示特定像素的中心点坐标的笛卡尔坐标。 Note here that any useful symbols may be used to identify the pixels, such as P (X, Y, Z), wherein X, Y, Z Cartesian coordinates of the center point is a particular pixel coordinates. 这里，像素P1被识别（"标记"）成"区域1"或R1，如图4中所示。 Here, the pixel P1 is identified ( "flag") into a "region 1" or R1, as shown in FIG.
[0084] 在步骤3，属于可能的候选像素组PP的，并且与在步骤2中识别的像素P1相邻的所有像素ρ被识别并包括在区域R1中。 [0084] In step 3, belonging to the group of possible candidate pixel PP, and ρ all pixels of the pixel P1 identified in step 2 are adjacent to and included in the identified region R1. 图5类似于图4，图解说明增加到区域R1中的另外的像素P2、P3和P4，以致区域R1现在包括总共4个像素P1〜P4 ( "P1〜P4"）。 FIG 5 is similar to Figure 4, illustrating further added to the pixel region R1 is P2, P3 and P4, so that the region R1 includes a total of four pixels now P1~P4 ( "P1~P4").
[0085] 在步骤4，识别目前在区域R1中的像素P1〜P4的所有相邻像素。 [0085] In step 4, identifying all neighboring pixels currently P1~P4 in region R1. 图6类似于图5，表示作为相邻像素的像素P5〜P10。 FIG 6 is similar to FIG. 5, showing the pixel P5~P10 adjacent pixels. 如果这些新识别的像素P5〜P10任意之一属于该组"可能的候选像素" PP，那么也把它们包括在区域R1中。 If one of these newly identified P5~P10 any pixel belonging to the group "may be a candidate pixel" PP, then they are also included in the area R1.
[0086] 步骤5重复步骤4，扩大区域R1，直到区域R1的相邻像素P都不属于该组可能的候选像素PP为止。 [0086] Step 5 Repeat Step 4, to expand the region R1, until the adjacent pixels P do not belong up region R1 of the set of possible candidate pixel PP. 此时，完全识别了区域R1，如图7中所示。 At this time, to fully identify the region R1, as shown in FIG.
[0087] 这里注意一些区域R将只具有外边界，而一些区域R将具有内边界和外边界。 [0087] Note here that some areas have only an outer boundary of the R, R and some regions having inner and outer boundaries. 在图8和图9的示意图中分别给出了这两种情况的例子。 In the schematic diagram of FIG. 8 and 9, respectively, in the example given in both cases. 对于每个区域R，分别标记外边界像素P0和内边界像素PI。 For each region R, respectively labeled outer boundary and an inner boundary pixels P0 pixel PI.
[0088] 步骤6包括确定在层L1上是否留有不是区域R1的一部分的任何其它"可能的候选像素"PP。 [0088] Step 6 comprises determining whether the L1 layer is left on the region R1 is not any other "potential candidate pixel" PP portion thereof. 如果是，那么在层R1中的剩余的"可能的候选像素"中，从左下侧像素开始重复用于确定下一个区域R2的方法。 If yes, then the remaining layers R1 "possible candidate pixel", starting from the lower left side of the pixel repeat region R2 for determining a next process. 重复该方法，直到用尽层L1上的所有可能的候选像素。 This process is repeated until exhausting all possible candidate pixels on the layer L1.
[0089] 步骤7涉及对构成零件50的每一层L重复步骤1-6，以便识别所有的区域R。 [0089] Step 7 involves repeating steps for each layer L composed of 50 parts of 1 to 6, in order to identify all of the region R.
[0090] II.识别/消除每个区域中的自支撑像素 [0090] II. Identification / elimination of the self-supporting pixels in each region
[0091] 支撑件产生方法的第二个主要方面涉及消除每个区域R中的任何自支撑像素P。 [0091] The method of producing the support member of the second main aspect relates to eliminate any self-supporting in each pixel region P. The R 这还会从每个区域R中消除如果产生支撑件30，那么它们会在相邻垂直壁上造成痕迹的那些像素P。 This will eliminate the region R from each support member 30, if generated, they will cause the adjacent vertical wall marks those pixels P.
[0092] 步骤8包括考虑在区域R的外边界上的像素P，以确定这些像素任意之一是否具有不是该区域的一部分的中间相邻像素。 [0092] Step 8 including pixels P in consideration of the outer boundary of the region R to determine whether any one of pixels not part of the intermediate region adjacent pixels. 如果是，那么这些外边界像素P被标记为"自支撑像素" PS,只插入具有宽度1个像素的相邻像素P的像素P。 If so, the outer boundary of the pixel P is marked as "self-supporting pixels" PS, only inserting a pixel adjacent to the pixel P P. one pixel width
[0093] 图10和图11是图解说明该方法的物体50的例证层L的示意图。 [0093] FIGS. 10 and L 11 is a schematic illustration of the process object layer 50 is illustrated. 插入方向与自支撑像素PS相差180°。 Insertion direction of the self-supporting PS pixels by 180 °. 图12是图解说明在上述插入方法之后确定的自支撑区SSA的物体50的透视图。 FIG 12 is a perspective view of a method of determining, after the insertion of the self-supporting area SSA of the object 50 is illustrated.
[0094] 注意在本例中，与自支撑像素PS相邻的外边界被向内推动"1像素宽"。 [0094] Note that in this embodiment, the self-supporting and the outer boundary of the adjacent pixel PS is pushed inward "1 pixel wide." 在其它实施例中，外边界可被推进2或3像素宽的距离。 In other embodiments, the outer boundary may be advanced 2 or 3 pixels wide distance. 按照本发明的其它实施例，根据经验确定准确的自支撑距离。 According to other embodiments of the present invention, to determine the exact distance from the supporting empirically.
[0095] 如果区域R非常薄（例如，3像素宽），并且一个边缘是自支撑的，那么最好不清理区域R的外边缘，因为它需要被支撑，以防止分层。 [0095] If the R region is very thin (e.g., 3 pixels wide), and one edge of the self-supporting, it is best not to clean the outer edge region R, as it needs to be supported, in order to prevent delamination.
[0096] 如果整个区域R仅仅包含几个像素P (例如，4〜5个），那么它可被识别成"小形体"，所述小形体可被指定成用单一支撑件30支撑。 [0096] If the entire region R includes only a few pixels P (e.g., 4 to 5 months), it can be recognized as "small body", the small body can be designated to support a single support member 30.
[0097] 逐个区域地进行步骤8，直到考虑了所有区域R为止。 [0097] Step 8 per area basis, until all areas considered far R.
[0098] III.识别/消除自支撑"陡峭"区 [0098] III. Identification / elimination of the self-supporting "steep" regions
[0099] 支撑件产生方法的第三个主要方面涉及从识别的区域R中识别和消除任何自支撑的陡峭区。 [0099] The method of generating the supporting member third major aspect relates to identifying and eliminating any abrupt self-supporting area from the area R identified. 这用于通过不支撑不需要支撑的这些区域，使支撑件30的数目降至最小。 This is not supported for these areas do not need support, so that the number of the support member 30 is minimized.
[0100] 什么构成"陡峭"区取决于许多因素，包括使用的材料的种类，和形成零件50时涉及的特定制作方法参数。 [0100] What constitutes a "steep" regions depends on many factors, the particular method of manufacturing parameters involved in the type of material 50 includes the use of, and forming part. 在一个例证实施例中，对于使用的特定种类的制作方法，凭经验确定"自支撑角"。 In one exemplary embodiment, for a particular kind of manufacturing method used, empirically determined "self-supporting angle."
[0101] 在一些情况下，单一区域R只有一个截面（section)是自支撑的，而该区域的其它截面需要支撑件。 [0101] In some cases, only a single R-sectional area (section) is self-supporting, but other cross-sectional area of ​​the member to be supported. 从而该方法的步骤9涉及进行设法识别区域内需要支撑件的那些截面的分析，包括除去整个区域，如果它们被认为是自支撑的。 9 so that step of the process relates to cross-sectional analysis of those trying to identify the area in need of support, including removing the entire area, if they are considered to be self-supporting.
[0102] 为了便于讨论，考虑在如图13中所示的选定层L的示意图中呈现的区域R，它是所关心的区域R的X-Υ视图。 [0102] For ease of discussion, consider the region R in the schematic presentation of the selected layer L as shown in FIG. 13, it is the X-Υ view of the region R of interest. 图14是相同区域的Z-视图（即，X-Ζ平面中的视图）。 FIG 14 is a view Z- (i.e., X-Ζ plane view) of the same area. 区域R 的陡峭截面RST足够陡峭，以致它们被认为是自支撑的，从而一旦完成分析，就应从区域R中除去与之相关的像素P。 R-sectional area of ​​the steep RST steep enough so that they are considered self-supporting, so that once the analysis is completed, it should be removed from the region R associated pixel P. 注意"非陡峭"截面Rns由零件50的平坦顶部形成。 Note that "non-sharp" is formed by a flat cross section Rns the top of the part 50.
[0103] 识别区域R内的陡峭截面RST的一种例证方法如下所示。 [0103] One illustrative method shown within the RST steep sectional area identified as R. 首先，从最顶部的区域R(即，最接近制作台BP的区域）开始，随后独立地考虑指定区域R的每一行X像素P。 First, the top-most region R (i.e., the area closest to the build pad BP) starts, considered separately and then a designated area R of each row of pixels P. X 对图13和14中图解说明的零件来说，考虑位于区域R的中间的一行像素P。 And the part 14 of the instructions illustrated in FIG. 13, consider the row of pixels in the middle region P. R is
[0104] 继续参考图13和14，从像素P1开始，并得到像素P1和P2之间的Z-高度差Λ Ζ。 [0104] With continued reference to FIGS. 13 and 14, started from the pixel P1, and to obtain Z- height difference between pixels P1 and P2 Λ Ζ. 如果该高度差大于两层L的厚度，那么把像素Ρ1标记为"STEEP-Χ"。 If the height difference is greater than the thickness of the layers L, then the pixel is marked as Ρ1 "STEEP-Χ". 如果该高度差小于三层，那么把像素Ρ1标记为"SHALL0W-X"。 If the height difference is less than three, then the pixel is marked as Ρ1 "SHALL0W-X".
[0105] 随后转移到像素Ρ2。 [0105] then transferred to the pixel Ρ2. 利用像素Ρ2和Ρ3进行相同的分析，并相应地标记Ρ2。 [Rho] 2, and using the pixel Ρ3 same analysis, and marks Ρ2. 最后的像素（本例中Ρ7)获得与倒数第二个像素（本例中像素Ρ6)相同的标记。 Last pixel (in this case Ρ7) obtained in the penultimate pixel (the pixel of the present embodiment Ρ6) the same numerals.
[0106] 一旦完成了所有X-行，应沿Υ方向对相同像素进行相同的分析，并恰当地把它们标记为"STEEP-Υ" 和"SHALL0W-Y"。 [0106] Upon completion of all X- rows, the same analysis should be carried out in the same pixel Upsilon direction, and mark them appropriately as "STEEP-Υ" and "SHALL0W-Y".
[0107] 在上面的例子中，像素如下表1中所述被X标记和Υ标记： [0107] In the above example, the pixel in the following Table 1 are labeled X and Υ tag:
[0109] 在该标记方法结束时，每个像素Ρ将具有X方向标记和Υ方向标记。 [0109] At the end of this marking method, each pixel having X Ρ Υ direction flag and direction flag. 如果这些方向标记任意之一是"STEEP"，那么由于是自支撑的，因此从新形成的区域R中排除该特定像素Ρ。 If any one of these direction flag is "STEEP", since it is self-supporting, and therefore the newly formed region R exclude the particular pixel Ρ. 具有SHALL0W-X和SHALL0W-Y标记的所有像素Ρ被包括在区域R中，因为它们需要支撑件。 All pixels having SHALL0W-X and Ρ SHALL0W-Y mark is included in the region R, because they require support.
[0110] 在图13和图14的例子中，区域R的被认为"浅"并且非自支撑的断面用像素P3、 P4、P5、P11和P12定义，代表楔形物的平坦顶部。 [0110] In the example of FIGS. 13 and 14, the region R is considered to be "shallow" and the non-self-supporting sectional pixels P3, P4, P5, P11 and P12 is defined by, on behalf of the flat top of the wedge. 从而，更新的区域R包括这些像素P。 Thus, the updated region comprising the pixels P. R 如果楔形物沿相反的方向（即，与突出相反的缩进），那么这种分析也有效。 If the wedge in the opposite direction (i.e., opposite to the protruding indentation), then this analysis is also effective.
[0111] 在一些情况下，某一区域的所有像素P沿两个方向任意之一都将被标记为"STEEP"，从而将从区域R中完全除去，因为它们是自支撑的。 [0111] In some cases, any one of two directions all the pixels of a region P will be marked as "STEEP", and thus completely removed from the region R, as they are self-supporting.
[0112] 如果在单一区域R中存在多个封闭的边界，那么利用步骤9分别分析它们。 [0112] If a plurality of single closed boundary exists in the region R, then the analysis thereof using a step 9, respectively.
[0113] IV.把多个区域合并成公共区域 [0113] IV. The areas merge into a common plurality of areas
[0114] 支撑件产生方法的第四个主要方面涉及把出自不同层L的不同区域R合并成单一(公共）区域R，如果不同的区域紧邻的话。 [0114] The method of generating a fourth support member main aspect relates to the different layers from different regions R L are combined into a single (common) region R, if the different areas immediately adjacent words.
[0115] 图15是例证零件50相对于制作台BP的Z向示意图。 [0115] FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of the part 50 with respect to the build pad BP Z. 参考图15，步骤10包括从第一层（最上层）L1上的第一边界B1开始。 Referring to Figure 15, step 10 comprises a first boundary B1 starting on the first layer (uppermost layer) L1. 边界B1包括边缘E1。 Boundary B1 includes an edge E1.
[0116] 随后，检查下方的层L2上的所有边界B2，以确定这些边界任意之一是否与顶层L1 的第一边界B1共有公共边缘E2。 [0116] Subsequently, all the boundary layer L2 B2 below examined to determine whether any one of these boundaries share a common edge E2 of the top layer L1 of the first boundary B1. 如果是，那么即使Z高度不同，也把这两个边界B1和B2 合并成一个区域。 If so, even if different height Z, also these two boundaries B1 and B2 are combined into one region. 注意不应考虑合并相同层上的两个边界B，这两个边界B应保持分离。 Note that the border should not be considered two B layers were the same, these two boundary B should be kept separate.
[0117] 随后，检查第三层L2，以查看是否存在与上面的两个合并边界B1和B2共有公共边缘E3的任意边界B3。 [0117] Then, check the third layer L2, to see if there are any boundary B3 combined with the above two boundaries B1 and B2 share a common edge E3. 如果是，那么该边界增加到上面的两个边界中，以扩大区域R。 If so, then the boundary increased to two boundary above, in order to expand the area R.
[0118] 重复该方法，持续把新边界B增加到该不断扩大的区域R中，直到到达不存在与正在形成的区域共有公共边缘的边界的层L为止。 [0118] This process is repeated for the new boundaries B to be added to the growing region R, until the layer L and the boundary region share a common edge being formed does not exist so far. 此时，完全产生区域R。 At this time, completely generating region R.
[0119] -旦广生了该区域R，下一步就是记录该区域的最小Z闻度和最大Z闻度。 [0119] - Once Guangsheng the region R, the next step is the minimum audibility in the region Z and maximum Z audibility recording. 如后更详细所述，该信息用在支撑件产生方法的另一部分中。 As described later in more detail, the information generated in another part of the support element method.
[0120] 随后通过从还未被视为分析起点的最上面的边界开始，重复该方法。 [0120] followed by the yet to be seen as the starting point of the analysis of the top boundary start, repeat the process.
[0121] V.追踪和分类各个区域 [0121] V. tracking and classification of the various regions
[0122] 支撑件产生方法的第五个主要方面涉及追踪和分类已产生的各个区域R。 [0122] The method of generating a fifth support member main aspect relates to tracking and classification of various regions of the generated R. 从而，一旦产生了所有区域R，步骤11就涉及确定与每个单独区域有关的下述信息（不必按照给出的顺序）。 Thus, once all the generated regions R, the following step 11 the information pertaining to each individual zone (not necessarily in the order given) involving determined.
[0123] 首先，利用本领域的技术人员已知的标准算法，确定每个区域R的局部最高点和质心。 [0123] First, it is known to those skilled in the art of standard algorithms to determine the local maximum of each region R of the centroid. 注意局部最高点MA可包含聚集在一起的几个像素，不一定必须是一个像素。 Note that a local maximum MA may contain a few pixels together, you do not necessarily have to be one pixel. 应调整使用的标准算法以解决这种情况。 It should be adjusted using a standard algorithm to solve this situation.
[0124] 其次，确定每个区域R的X-Υ投影面积（与在X-Υ平面中测量的表面积相对比）， 按照面积的降序对区域分类。 [0124] Next, to determine X-Υ projected area of ​​each region R (the relative ratio measured at X-Υ plane surface area), the area classification in descending order of area. 由小于一定数目的像素P(例如10个像素）构成的区域R被表示为"点区域"。 Region R consists of less than a certain number of pixels P (e.g. 10 pixels) are represented as constituting "dot area."
[0125] 第三，确定每个区域R的"Z-min"和"Z-max"值，其中Z_min表示该区域的Z位置。 [0125] Third, it is determined for each region R "Z-min" and "Z-max" value, where Z represents the position of the Z_min region. 图16的示意图中对此进行了图解说明。 16 a schematic view of this has been illustrated.
[0126] 产牛支撑件 [0126] cattle production support member
[0127] 一旦执行上述步骤，以识别与零件50相关的所有区域R，就需要为各个区域R产生支撑件30。 [0127] Once the above steps, the part 50 to identify related regions in all R, it is necessary to produce the supporting members 30 for each region R. 这涉及下面说明的许多主要步骤。 This involves a number of major steps described below.
[0128] 在它与另一个区域和/或零件的主体之下的另一岛状物合并之前，每个区域R或局部最高点MA支撑独立的大量质量（下面称为"岛状物"1)。 Before [0128] Another subject of the island beneath it from another region and / or part of the merger, each region R or local maximum MA support a large number of independent mass (hereinafter referred to as "island" 1 ). 从而，第一个主要步骤涉及确定每个区域R或局部最高点MA之下的独立体积和最大截面。 Thereby, the first major step involves independent volume and a maximum cross-sectional area under each R or local maximum MA determined.
[0129]目的是识别每个区域R之下的岛状物I的尺寸，以及该岛状物内的最大截面。 [0129] order to identify the size of the islands I under R, and the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​each island is within. 为了进行说明，考虑如图17的示意图中图解说明的下述例子，图17的示意图表示例证零件50 的各层L。 To illustrate, consider the following example in FIG. 17 is illustrated in schematic showing the layers schematic illustration of FIG. 17 parts of 50 L. 零件50包括三个塔状物50T1、50T2、50T3和桥状物50Β。 Part 50 comprises three columns and the bridge was 50T1,50T2,50T3 50Β.
[0130] 为了开始分析，考虑整个制作文件的第一层L1。 [0130] To start the analysis, consider the first layer L1 entire production file. 选择层L1上已被识别为ΜΑ1、ΜΑ2 和ΜΑ3的所有局部最高点ΜΑ。 Select the layer L1 has been identified as ΜΑ1, all local maximum and ΜΑ3 of ΜΑ ΜΑ2. 这些局部最高点代表制作文件中的三个岛状物I (分别为II、 12和13)的高峰。 These three islands I representative of local maximum production file (respectively II, 12 and 13) of the peak. 这些岛状物对应于所述三个塔状物。 These islands correspond to the three columns was. 利用这三个局部最高点开始分析。 Start analyzing the use of these three local maxima.
[0131] 分析中的下一步骤涉及转移到层L2，并确定正好在定义前一层上的局部最高点ΜΑ的像素之下的像素Ρ。 [0131] The next step involves the analysis proceeds to level L2, and determines the pixel just before the pixel under Ρ defined on the local maximum of one ΜΑ. 这些像素分别是像素Px，Py和Pz。 These pixels are the pixels Px, Py and Pz.
[0132] 分析中的下一步骤涉及确定在Px，Py和Pz像素之间是否存在任何重叠。 [0132] The next step in the analysis involves determining whether there is any overlap between Px, Py and Pz pixels. 这种情况下，不存在这样的重叠，从而分析进入下一层L3。 In this case, such an overlap does not exist, to analyze the next level L3.
[0133] 在层L3，在Px之下的像素并不重叠在岛状物12和13之下的任何像素。 [0133] In the layer L3, the pixel Px under do not overlap under the islands 12 and 13 of any pixel. 另外，在岛状物12之下的像素P用Pa表示。 Further, the pixel under the island 12 is represented by P Pa. 同样地，在13之下的像素P用Pc表示。 Similarly, pixel P 13 is represented below by Pc. 另外，构成桥状物50B的像素P用Pa、Pb和Pc表示。 Further, pixels P constituting the bridge 50B by Pa, Pb, and Pc represents.
[0134] 为了识别层L3中的桥状物50B的像素，找出把桥状物50B定义为局部最高点MA4 的像素Pb。 [0134] In order to identify the layer L3 of the pixel bridges 50B, 50B to identify the bridges is defined as a local maximum point MA4 pixel Pb. 随后从像素Pb沿所有方向向外扩大，直到到达零件50的边缘为止。 Then expand outward in all directions from the pixel Pb, until it reaches the edge of the part 50 is reached. 这识别像素Pa和像素Pc。 This identifies the pixel Pa and the pixels Pc.
[0135] 现在，岛状物12和13之下的像素P与桥状物50B之下的像素重叠。 [0135] Now, the islands 12 and the pixel below the pixel P under the bridges 13 overlap 50B. 另外，局部最高点M2和M3比局部最高点M4高。 Further, local maxima M2 and M3 than the local maximum M4. 从而，此时，完全识别了岛状物12和13。 Thus, this time, to fully identify the islands 12 and 13.
[0136] 对岛状物II和14重复该方法，直到到达层L14为止。 [0136] II of the islands 14 and the process is repeated until reaching layer L14. 在层L15，岛状物II和14 的像素重叠，这允许得出已完全识别了岛状物II和14的结论。 A layer L15, islands and II overlap pixels 14, which allows the results of islands has been completely identified and conclusions 14 II.
[0137] 进一步继续该方法，以识别最大的岛状物15，岛状物15在局部最高点MA5、MA6和MA7之下，如图18中所示。 [0137] Further, the method continues to identify the maximum 15 islands, the islands 15 in the local maximum MA5, MA6 and MA7 below, 18 as shown in FIG.
[0138] 在进行上面的分析的时候，渐进地更新在每个相应岛状物之下的最大截面（即， 具有最多"0N"像素的截面），把最大的截面保存在相应的区域/岛状物数据结构中。 [0138] When performing the above analysis, incrementally updating the maximum cross-section under each respective islands (i.e., having a cross-sectional "0N" pixels up), the largest cross-section in the respective storage areas / island It was data structure. 这里， 与构成零件内的空间或空隙的"OFF"像素相反，"0N"像素构成组成零件50的主体的像素Po Here, the "OFF" pixels within the space or gap opposite part, the body part 50 of the pixels constituting the composition "0N" pixels Po
[0139] 接下来的主要步骤涉及确定"ON"像素数目最大的截面CS。 [0139] The next major step involves determining the number of pixels "ON" the largest cross-section CS. 在产生层L时，该步骤涉及求每层的"0N"像素之和，并确定"0N"像素最多的一层。 In generating layer is L, each of the steps involved seeking "0N" and the pixel, and determines "0N" up one pixel. 这是零件50上需要被支撑的最大截面。 This is the maximum cross-section on the part 50 to be supported. 该层的所有层信息和像素信息最好被保存在独立的数据结构中，以致能够在产生支撑件期间使用。 All layers of the layer information and the pixel information is preferably stored in a separate data structure, such that can be used during production of the support. 在切片期间执行该步骤。 This step is performed during slicing.
[0140] 概念上，此时，所有的区域R，岛状物I，每个岛状物I之下的最大截面，和整个构件的最大截面已被识别。 [0140] Conceptually, this time, all the region R, the island I, the maximum cross section of the largest cross-section under each island I, and the entire member has been identified. 从而，以数学方式标记了典型零件，如图18的示意图中所示。 Thus, mathematically labeled typical parts shown in the schematic of Figure 18.
[0141] 下一个主要步骤涉及产生局部最高点MA和质心支撑件30。 [0141] The next major step involves the generation of local maxima MA support member 30 and the centroid. 这涉及独立地考虑每个岛状物I，并从最接近制作台BP的岛状物I开始。 This involves independently consider each island I, and production from the BP station closest to the islands I start. 本领域的技术人员会认识到，充分支撑该岛状物I所需的支撑像素P的总数等于该岛状物内的最大截面CS上的全部"0N"像素P 的2%，或者1 %，取决于所使用的系统。 The total number of pixels P in the art to support the art will recognize, the supporting island is fully equal to the desired I 2% of all the pixels P "0N" on the maximum in the cross-section CS of the island-like, or 1%, depending on the system used.
[0142] 参见图18，在岛状物II中，如果用穿过该岛状物的虚线表示的截面CS具有1000 个0N像素P，那么产生的支撑岛状物II的支撑件30应至少具有20个像素。 [0142] Referring to Figure 18, the island II, CS-section through the broken line if the island is represented with 1000 pixels 0N P, then the support supporting island II produced should have at least 30 20 pixels. 为确保最佳支撑和对零件50的表面损害最小而应产生的支撑件30的最大尺寸为16X 16像素。 To ensure optimum support member and the support member 50 to minimize damage to the surface to be generated and the maximum size of 30 to 16X 16 pixels. 就岛状物11来说，采用在局部最高点MA1的中心的一个支撑件30。 On islands 11, the support member 30 employed in the center of a local maximum of MA1. 如下计算该支撑件30的尺寸。 The calculated size of the support member 30.
[0143] 如果支撑件30的像素P的总数NP大于256 ( S卩，16X16)，那么该支撑件的尺寸为(NP)1/2X (NP)1/2，或者在本例中，16X16像素。 [0143] If the total number of NP support member is larger than the pixel P 30 256 (S Jie, 16X16), then the size of the support member (NP) 1 / 2X (NP) 1/2, or in the present example, 16X16 pixels . 如果NP小于256，那么计算需要的全部像素P的平方根。 If NP is less than 256, then calculates the square root of all the pixels P required. 这种情况下，需要20个像素P，从而（NP)1/2=4.47。 In this case, the pixel P 20, whereby (NP) 1/2 = 4.47. 随后对于X维，把该数字舍入成最接近的较高整数，对于Y维，把该数字舍入成最接近的较低整数（这种情况下，X维为5个像素，Y维为4个像素）。 Then the X dimension, the higher the number is rounded to the nearest integer, the Y-dimension, this number is rounded to the nearest lower integer (in this case, 5 pixels X dimension, Y dimension is 4 pixels). 这保证支撑件的尺寸总是大于所需要的绝对最小值。 This ensures that the size of the support member is always greater than the absolute minimum required.
[0144] 在例证实施例中，进行另外的检查，以确定在截面的质心是否需要支撑件。 [0144] In the exemplary embodiment, a further check to determine whether the centroid of cross section of the support member. 所述另外的检查包括确定最大截面CS的质心离为支撑局部最高点MA而产生的支撑件的中心的Χ-Y距离Dffi。 The additional tests include determining a maximum cross-section from the centroid CS Χ-Y Dffi from the center of the support member to support a local maximum MA generated. 如果距离I\s大于约100个像素，那么产生另一个支撑件30，所述另一个支撑件30具有与局部最高点支撑件相同的Χ-Y尺寸，并且位于质心处。 If the distance I \ s greater than about 100 pixels, then generating the other support member 30, the support member 30 further has a local maximum support member identical Χ-Y dimension, and located at the centroid.
[0145] 此时，产生了局部最高点MA和质心支撑件30。 [0145] In this case, MA produces a local maximum and the centroid of the support member 30. 下一个主要步骤涉及如果下述两个条件任意之一未被满足，那么在岛状物I上产生表面支撑件30。 If the next major step involves one of the following two conditions are not met any, the generated surface of the support member 30 on the island I. 第一个条件是总的支撑像素P(局部最高点支撑件+质心支撑件）小于为支撑指定岛状物I而需要的支撑像素的2% (或者1%等）。 The first condition is the total supporting the pixel P (local maximum point support member supporting centroid +) less than 2% of the support to support the specified pixels I required island (or 1%, etc.). 第二个条件是在岛状物/区域上存在即使上面的条件被满足，也应被支撑的大跨度。 The second condition is the presence of large-span even if the above conditions are satisfied, it should also be supported on islands / area.
[0146] 第一个步骤是确定需要表面支撑件30的位置NL的数目。 [0146] The first step is to determine the required number of surface support member 30 of the position of NL. 图19是将由支撑件30 支撑的层L的最大截面CS的例子。 FIG 19 is a cross-sectional layer L is the maximum supported by the support member 30 of the example of CS. 以质心C作为焦点，绘制X-间距为60像素，Y-间距为120像素的网格。 As a focus centroid C, drawing a pitch of 60 pixels X-, Y- pixel pitch of 120 mesh. 如果这些网格点任意之一落在实际截面之上，并且不与局部最高点支撑件重叠，那么认为它们是表面支撑件的候选位置。 If any one of these lattice points fall on the actual cross-section and not to overlap with the local maximum support member, then they are considered candidates for the position of the surface of the support member. 这图解示于图20中。 This is illustrated in Figure 20 is shown.
[0147] 下一个步骤涉及确定表面支撑件30的尺寸。 [0147] The next step involves determining the size of the surface of the support member 30. 如果上面的第一个条件（即，2%的支撑像素）尚待被满足，那么需要确定仍然需要的像素的数目。 If the first condition (i.e., 2% of the pixels support) above is satisfied yet, the need remains a need to determine the number of pixels. 如下计算需要的表面支撑像素NS的总数NS ： Calculated total surface of the support needs of pixels NS NS:
[0148] NS=NT- (NM+NC) [0148] NS = NT- (NM + NC)
[0149] 其中NT是所需要的支撑像素的总数，匪是所需要的局部最高点支撑像素的数目， NC是所需要的质心像素的数目。 [0149] where NT is the total number of pixels needed to support, the number of local maximum bandit pixels required for the support, NC is the number of pixels required centroid.
[0150] 表面支撑像素P的数目NS被均匀分布在需要产生的所有表面支撑件30之间。 The number of [0150] the support surface of the pixel P NS is uniformly distributed between all of the surface of the support member 30 needs to be generated. 按照与关于局部最高点支撑情况相同的方式确定每个表面支撑件30的准确尺寸。 Determined according to the exact dimensions of each surface of the support member 30 with respect to the same manner as the case of the local maximum support. 单个表面支撑件30不应小于4X4像素，也不应大于16X16像素。 A single surface of support member 30 not less than 4X4 pixels, should not be greater than 16X16 pixels. 从而，如果任意表面支撑件小于4X4像素，那么应把尺寸增大到至少4X4像素。 Thus, if the surface of the support is less than any of 4X4 ​​pixels, the size should be increased to at least 4X4 pixels. 一旦确定了表面支撑件30的尺寸，就产生表面支撑件。 Once the size of the surface of the support member 30, the support surface is generated.
[0151] 对识别的所有不同岛状物，重复产生局部最高点和质心支撑件的步骤，和产生表面支撑件的步骤，以产生足够的支撑件。 [0151] all the different islands identified, repeating the step of generating the local maximum and the centroid of the support member, the support member and the step of generating the surface, to generate sufficient support.
[0152] 产生锚固支撑件 [0152] generating an anchor support member
[0153] 如上所述，需要一种新的支撑结构产生方法，该方法使用切片数据及体素和像素信息构成最佳分布的支撑结构，所述支撑结构需要最少的人为互动，支撑件相对于零件几何形状的准确定位，和各种支撑件几何形状的使用（即，不同的截面尺寸，和尺寸随支撑件高度的变化）。 [0153] As described above, a new support structure is generated, the method using data slice and voxel and pixel information constituting an optimum distribution of the support structure, the support structure requires a minimum of human interaction, with respect to the support member accurate positioning of the part geometry, and various geometries of the support used (i.e., different cross-sectional dimensions, and the size of the support member with the height variation).
[0154] 图21A表示由现有支撑结构SS支撑的例证零件50的例证示意侧视图，所述支撑结构SS包括众多的支撑件30。 [0154] FIG. 21A shows an exemplary support structure is supported by a conventional SS schematic side view illustration of part 50, the support structure comprises a plurality of support members SS 30. 零件50被倾斜59°的角，而结构SS的支撑角为60°，导致支撑件的数目不足。 Part 50 is the inclined angle of 59 °, and the angle of the supporting structure SS is 60 °, resulting in an insufficient number of the support member. 图21B类似于图21A，不过图解说明现有支撑结构SS的一个例证实施例，其中零件50被倾斜61°，而支撑角为60°，从而存在远远多于实际所需的支撑件30。 FIG 21B is similar to FIG. 21A, but illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a conventional supporting structure SS, wherein the inclined part 50 is 61 °, while the support angle is 60 °, so that there is far more than is actually required to support member 30.
[0155] 图22是例证零件50的示意图，其中以按照现有技术的导致支撑件和零件之间的失配的方式计算支撑件30。 [0155] FIG. 22 is a schematic illustration of part 50, according to which cause a mismatch between the support member and the support member parts 30 calculated as the prior art. 操作员需要识别和校正这种失配，这是一种效率低，并且费时的方法。 Operators need to identify and correct this mismatch, which is a low efficiency, and time-consuming process.
[0156] 图23是使用切片数据，体素和像素产生锚固支撑件的例证方法的流程图100。 [0156] FIG 23 using slice data, voxel and pixel generating method of an anchor illustrative flowchart 100 of the support member. 该方法的步骤101包括如果需要，则对零件50的立体光刻或其它计算机表示（即，"STL"）施加补偿或校正。 The method comprises the step 101, if desired, 50 parts of stereolithography or other computer representation (i.e., "STL") applying a compensated or corrected. 例如，如果零件遭受与由STL(例如CAD文件）表示的理想形成的零件相t匕，改变零件的几何形状的"过度固化"，那么可能需要这种补偿。 For example, if the part is formed over the parts suffer represented by the STL (e.g. CAD files) with t dagger, "overcuring" changing part geometry, such compensation may be required. 这里，STL可被看作零件的3D边界。 Here, STL can be seen as part of the 3D border. 如果零件被完美地成像，以符合这些边界，那么出来的零件将过小，因为液体树脂在转变成固体时会收缩。 If the part is perfectly imaged, in order to meet these boundaries, then out of the parts will be too small, because the liquid resin shrinks when converted to a solid. 从而，作为第一个步骤，在STL上沿所有方向使用例如0. 4%的"收缩系数"。 Thus, as a first step, for example 0.4% of "shrinkage factor" in all directions on the STL. 在把STL切成多层之后，问题变成成像系统如何准确地表示各个切片。 After the cut multilayer STL, the problem becomes how the imaging system to accurately represent the respective sections. 在这方面，关心的事主要有两个。 In this regard, there are two main matter of concern. 第一个是成像系统存在失真，以致X标尺和Y标尺可能过短或过长。 The first one is the presence of distortion of the imaging system, so that the X scales and Y scales may be too short or too long. 其次，与图像边界的希望布置相比，像素较粗，从而利用像素混合对边界像素调整灰度级，以正确地定位边界。 Secondly, the arrangement compared to the desired boundary of the image, a pixel thicker, thereby adjusting the mixing using the pixel gray level pixel boundary, to properly locate the boundary. "收缩系数"或"补偿"设法解决这两个关心的事。 "Shrinkage factor" or "compensation" to try to solve these two things concern.
[0157] 步骤102涉及对STL切片，以产生零件体素VP，从而产生零件和支撑锚的体素表示。 [0157] Step 102 involves STL slice, to generate part voxels VP, to produce parts and support anchors voxel represents. 这里，"体素"V是基本体元，表示3D零件表面元素和支撑元素，如图24中所示。 Here, "voxels" V is a primitive element representing 3D surface element and the support element parts, shown in Figure 24. 体素V用三维立方体表示。 V represents a voxel with three-dimensional cube. 体素V包含ζ高度（ζ)和X-Υ平面上的网格索引（ix和iy)的信息。 Voxel V [zeta] comprises a height ([zeta]) and grid index information (ix and iy) on the plane X-Υ. 零件体素VP表示STL模型的边界。 VP represents the boundary part voxels STL model. 支撑体素VS表示与零件50面接的支撑锚。 VS represents the voxel supporting surface part 50 into contact support anchors. 步骤103 和104涉及产生二维层和像素数据，并且如果需要的话，对STL应用上述补偿。 Steps 103 and 104 involve generating layer and a two-dimensional pixel data, and if necessary, the application of said compensation STL. 边界支撑体素用VBS表示。 Boundary voxels represented by the support VBS.
[0158] 在这些步骤中，沿X和Y方向把STL模型切成零件体素VP。 [0158] In these steps, along the X and Y directions STL model cut part voxels VP. 零件体素VP被分成朝上的体素VPU和朝下的体素VPD，其中朝下的体素面对制作台BP。 Part voxels VP is divided into upward and downward voxels VPU voxels VPD, wherein the downwardly facing voxels build pad BP. 图24中表示了产生零件体素的一个例子。 FIG. 24 shows an example of generating part voxels.
[0159] 步骤105涉及产生支撑体素VS。 [0159] Step 105 involves generating support voxels VS. 这包括通过考虑自支撑距离，累积支撑距离，和区域识别，利用实际的切片数据（从体素V产生的分层像素P)，确定支撑锚AS，如相对于制作台BP制作的例证零件50的图25的示意图中所示。 This includes self-supporting by considering distance, cumulative distance support, and regional identification, using the actual slice data (hierarchical pixels P generated from the voxel V), the AS determining support anchors, such as with respect to the build pad BP produced 50 parts illustration FIG 25 is a schematic view in FIG. 用对所有层重复的下述步骤A-Ε给出了详细实现。 The detailed implementation of a given layer is repeated all the steps A-Ε. 步骤106涉及产生支撑结构。 Step 106 involves generating the supporting structure.
[0160] 在图26A和26B的示意透视图和侧视图150中分别表示了STL模型和两个待处理层的例子。 [0160] In FIG 26A and FIG 26B is a schematic perspective view and a side view respectively showing examples of 150 and two STL model to be processed layers. 在如下说明的图27的图示流程图中给出了由零件体素VP构成支撑体素VS的样本（CL=当前层，PL=前一层)。 In the illustrated flowchart of FIG. 27 are given the following description of a sample composed of a support part voxels VP VS of voxels (CL = current layer, the front layer PL =).
[0161 ] 在步骤A中，通过利用当前层CL和前一层PL，把3D零件体素VP转换成2D像素P， 获得下一层（层謝+1)的像素。 [0161] In step A, by using the current and the previous one layer CL PL, converted into a 3D part voxels VP 2D pixel P, the next one is obtained (Xie layer 1) pixels. 零件体素VP总是与一个朝上的零件体素VPU和一个朝下的零件体素VPD配对。 Part voxels VP is always paired with a part voxels VPU upward and downward a part voxels VPD. 一对朝上体素和朝下体素之间的层上的任何像素P应被视为"0N"， 否则为"OFF"。 Any pixel in the layer P between the upwardly and downwardly voxel the voxel one pair should be regarded as "0N", otherwise "OFF".
[0162] 在步骤B中，识别和隔离不共有当前层（层#N)的公共连续区域的像素P(在层#N+1上）的区域R(在图27的步骤B中用黑色表示）。 [0162] In Step B, to identify and isolate the pixels do not share a common region of the current continuous layer (layer #N) P of region R (on the N + layer # 1) (indicated by a black step B of FIG. 27 ).
[0163] 在步骤C中，找出或者直接由层#N上的零件像素支撑的，或者由相邻像素（用阴影表示的边界像素）自支撑的层#N+1上的零件像素P。 [0163] In step C, or directly from the parts to identify pixels on the layer #N supported or self-supporting by the neighboring pixels (indicated by shaded boundary pixels) Part # N + layer on a pixel P.
[0164] 在步骤D中，找出紧接于既不由前一层支撑，又不由相邻像素自支撑的朝下零件体素VPD之后的零件像素。 [0164] In Step D, the pixel after the downward part to identify voxels VPD not part of the immediately adjacent pixels in the self-supporting layer is neither supported by the front.
[0165] 在步骤E中，构成图案（pattern)支撑体素VPS和边界支撑体素VBS。 [0165] In step E, the support constituting voxels and the boundaries of the support voxels VPS VBS pattern (pattern). 图案支撑体素VPS代表位于预定位置的支撑锚，而边界支撑体素VBS代表在非预定位置的支撑锚。 VPS pattern support voxels representative of a predetermined position of the supporting anchor, and the support boundary voxels representative of VBS support anchors in the non-predetermined positions. 步骤D和E显示由前一层PL(顶部）支撑的当前层CL中的区域，以及当前层（底部）中需要新的支撑件的区域。 Step D and E show supported by the front layer PL (top) layer CL in the current region, and the area of ​​the current layer (bottom) is a need for new support. 这产生支撑体素VS。 This results in the support voxels VS.
[0166] 参见图23中的流程图100，步骤106涉及利用实际的切片层和像素数据（如果需要的话，在X-和Y-收缩补偿，X-补偿和几何校正之后），而不是利用步骤101和104中的初始STL模型产生支撑件30。 The [0166] Referring to flowchart 100 of FIG. 23, step 106 involves the slice layer and using the actual pixel data (if necessary, after shrinkage compensation X- and Y-, X- compensation and geometry correction), instead of using step 101 to produce the supporting members 30 and 104 initial STL model. 从而，由于支撑体素VS总是与零件体素VP重叠，因此在零件几何形状和支撑件顶端（下面讨论）之间不存在几何偏差。 Accordingly, since the support voxels VS always overlap with part voxels VP, so the top part geometry and the support member (discussed below) exists between the geometrical deviation.
[0167] 该方法中的下一个步骤涉及通过把朝下体素vro移动一定的补偿距离（以材料和几何形状为基础），应用Z-补偿，以补偿过度固化，如图28中所示。 [0167] This method relates to the next step by a certain distance compensation element vro moving member downward (in the basis material and geometry), Z- compensation applied to compensate for excessive curing, 28 as shown in FIG.
[0168] 在下一个步骤中，使STL模型与支撑件图案网格SPG对齐，如图29中所示，以致所得到的支撑件顶端不论如何放置，都总是在相同位置与零件面接。 [0168] In the next step, so that the support member STL model SPG alignment grid pattern, shown in Figure 29, the support member so that the tip of the obtained regardless of place, are always connected in the same position with the part surface.
[0169] 此时，根据零件和切片层的几何形状，可改变像素P和体素V的尺寸，即，一个零件可具有多种尺寸的体素V和像素P。 [0169] At this time, depending on the geometry of the part and the slice layer, and the size of the pixel P may be changed voxel V, i.e., a part may have a variety of sizes and pixel P. voxel V 厚度变化的体素V可被用于实现自适应切片，其中层厚由零件几何形状和可制造性确定，以显著减少制作时间。 The thickness variation of the voxel V may be used to implement the adaptive slicing, wherein the geometry and layer thickness is determined by the manufacturability of the part, to significantly reduce production time. 即使面朝下的区域是表面，线条或点；该方法仍然适用。 Even in the face region is a surface, line or point; the method is still applicable.
[0170]利用锚固支撑件来获得各种支撑件样式 [0170] to obtain a variety of styles using a support member supporting the anchor member
[0171] 本发明的一个方面涉及利用支撑件样式转换器把所得到的支撑锚AS转换成各种支撑件样式（即，几何形状），它包括支撑厚度随高度（即，Z向高度）而变化的支撑图案， 支撑件顶端，增强结构和分支。 [0171] One aspect of the invention relates to a support style converter converts the resulting support anchors AS into various styles support member (i.e., geometry), which comprises a support thickness with height (i.e., Z direction height) support pattern changes, the top support member, and a reinforcing structure branches. 支撑锚AS用支撑体素VS表示。 Support anchors AS represented by a support voxels VS.
[0172] 这种转换方法对FTI技术来说至关重要，因为当其长度增大时，支撑件会弯曲更多，因此从制作台向上生长的单像素支撑件30通常不能继续存在。 [0172] This conversion method is critical for FTI technique, because when the length is increased, the support will bend more, and therefore the growth of single-pixel support member 30 upwardly from the production station typically can not continue to exist. 在FTI技术中这尤其重要，因为在支撑件周围只有空气。 This is particularly important in the FTI technique, since only the air around the support member. 在例证实施例中，通过由8个步骤定义的下述方法，实现从锚固支撑件的样式转换。 In the exemplary embodiment, by the following method steps defined by 8, anchor style transition from the support member.
[0173] 第一个步骤涉及把支撑锚AS转换成支撑结构30。 [0173] The first step involves converting the support anchors to the support structure 30 AS. 如上所述，支撑锚AS由支撑体素VS表示。 As described above, support anchors AS represented by the support voxels VS. 根据支撑体素VS和零件体素VP产生支撑图案，如在图30的示意图中图解所示。 The support pattern generating voxel support part voxels VS and VP, as shown in the schematic illustrated in FIG. 30. 如果支撑像素落在支撑体素VP和制作台BP之间,或者落在由支撑体素VS和零件体素VP构成的一对体素之间，那么使支撑像素PS变成"0N"。 If the pixel falls between the support and the support voxels VP between production stations BP, or located at a voxel constituting the voxel by the support part voxels VP and VS, then into the supporting pixels PS "0N".
[0174] 第二个步骤涉及沿着Z向改变支撑图案SP。 [0174] The second step involves changing the support pattern SP along the Z-direction. 从与支撑件样式和当前支撑件高度对应的可用图案中选择位于指定层L的支撑图案SP。 Pattern from the available styles and the support member corresponding to the current height of the support member located in the selected SP L support patterns specified level. 接近于制作台BP，支撑结构30具有较厚的图案，以确保支撑件强度大到足以连接在制作台上，以及在制作方法期间得到支撑。 Close on BP production stage, the support structure 30 has a thicker pattern, to ensure sufficient support strength to the connector in the production stage, and is supported during fabrication method. 在一个例证实施例中，支撑结构30具有随着离制作台BP的距离的增大而逐渐减小的厚度。 In one exemplary embodiment, the support structure 30 has a thickness with increasing distance from the build pad BP is gradually decreased. 在一个例证实施例中，在支撑件的与零件50相邻的区域（即，"支撑件顶端"30T)中，在支撑结构30中使用单像素Ρ，以避免当除去支撑件时，在零件上留下大尺寸的支撑件隆起。 Embodiment, the support member 50 in the part of a region adjacent to the exemplary embodiment (i.e., "the top of the support member" 30T), a single pixel Ρ in the support structure 30, when in order to avoid removing the support member, the part on leaving the large size of the support uplift. 注意在图30和其它附图中，"朝上的"像素或体素是面向制作台ΒΡ的像素或体素，而朝下的像素或体素是背对制作台的像素或体素。 Note that in FIGS. 30 and other figures, "upward" pixels or voxels are made for table ΒΡ of pixels or voxels, and the downward facing away from the pixel or voxel is produced station pixels or voxels.
[0175] 另外，在一个例证实施例中，使支撑件30的单像素部分深达几层地生长到零件50 中，以确保支撑件和零件之间的强力连接。 [0175] Further, in one exemplary embodiment, a single pixel portion of the support member so that the depth of the layers 30 grown into the part 50, to ensure a strong connection between the support members and parts. 这种称为"支撑锚"AS。 This is called "support anchors" AS.
[0176] 典型的支撑件30包括底座部分30B，较长的中心部分30L和顶端部分30T，在一个例证实施例中，顶端部分30T构成单像素顶端，并且顶端的一部分生长到零件中，作为支撑锚AS，如图30中所示。 [0176] A typical support member 30 includes a base portion 30B, the central portion of the longer tip portion 30L and 30T, in one exemplary embodiment, tip portion 30T single-pixel configuration to the top, and the top part is grown to the part, as the support anchor AS, 30 as shown in FIG. 例证的底座部分30B包括25层的桩脚和4层的桁架。 Illustration of the base portion 30B of spud 25 includes a truss layer 4 and the layer. 例证的较长部分30L包括从层#26生长到离零件多达10层的较长柱状层，和周期性的增强结构。 Illustrative longer portion 30L comprises growing the layer from the part 26 to the # 10 layers up long cylindrical layer, and periodic reinforcement structure. 例证的顶端部分30T从零件层之前的10层开始，并深达3层地生长到零件中。 Illustration from the top portion 30T layer 10 before the part begins, and layer 3 grown deep into the part. 图31A-31D中表示了不同结构部分的截面，其中在例证实施例中，支撑结构包含50层（层L1-L50)。 FIGS 31A-31D are cross-sectional showing of the different moieties, wherein in the exemplary embodiment, support structure 50 comprising a layer (layer L1-L50). 图31A 图解说明"桩脚"支撑件的图案（层L1-L25)。 FIG 31A illustrates a pattern of "spud" the support member (layers L1-L25). 图31B图解说明"桁架"支撑件30的图案(层L26-L29)。 FIG 31B illustrates a "truss" pattern support (layers L26-L29) 30 a. 图31C图解说明"长的柱状"支撑件的图案（层L30-L40)。 FIG 31C illustrates a "long cylindrical" pattern (layer L30-L40) of the support member. 图31D图解说明连接到零件50的支撑件顶端30T (层L41-L50)。 31D illustrates a top view of a connector to a support member 30T (layers L41-L50) 50 parts. 本发明的其它实施例包括制作台和零件之间的较少种类，另外种类和/或备选种类的支撑件，和/或酌情包括备选的层数。 Other embodiments of the present invention, including making and less kind of parts between stations, additional species and / or alternative types of support members, and / or alternatively comprise layers as appropriate.
[0177] 第三步骤涉及形成单像素支撑件顶端和/或子像素支撑件顶端30T。 [0177] The third step involves formation of a single-pixel top support member and / or sub-pixel support tip 30T. 通常，只有单像素支撑件顶端30T在朝上零件表面50U和朝下表面50B与零件50面接，如图30和图32 中所示，以减小零件表面上的支撑件隆起的大小，并使得易于从零件除去支撑件，同时还使零件易于清洁。 Typically, only a single pixel in the support member 50 to the top surface 30T 50U facing parts of the surface and the lower surface 50B and contact parts, as shown in FIG. 30 and FIG. 32, the support member to reduce the size of the raised part surface, and such that easily removed from the support member parts, the parts and also easy to clean.
[0178] 通过利用低密度光斑，例如，低灰度值像素产生子像素支撑件顶端30T，以使固化面积较小，如图33的灰度级GS和所得到的支撑件顶端30T中所示。 [0178] By utilizing low-density spots, for example, to produce a low gray value pixels to the top support 30T sub-pixel, to the cured area is small, the top 30T GS gray level 33 and resultant support member shown in FIG. .
[0179] 第四个步骤涉及形成多像素支撑锚AS。 [0179] The fourth step involves forming a multi-pixel support anchors AS. 可以形成各种图案中的多像素支撑锚，以在与零件50面接的地方增强支撑件。 A multi-pixel support anchors may be formed in various patterns in order to place the part in contact with the surface 50 of the reinforcing support member. 支撑锚AS的图案（几何形状）的选择以被支撑区域的性质，比如尺寸，应力集中等为基础。 A pattern support anchors AS (geometry) is selected to be the nature of the support region, such as size, based on stress concentration. 9X9像素上的锚图案的典型设计示于图34中，并且可例示在32X32像素上。 A typical design of an anchor pattern on 9X9 pixel shown in FIG. 34, and can be illustrated on a 32X32 pixel. 所有指定的设计显示支撑件的锚截面。 All specified design shows a sectional anchor support. 可以混合和匹配这些设计，以设计其它种类的锚固支撑件AS。 These designs can mix and match, in order to design other types of anchor supports AS.
[0180] 用于指定表面的实际支撑件30可能不均匀，即，可以使一些支撑件比其它支撑件厚，以致较厚的支撑件固定住零件50，而其它支撑件支撑正在制作的层，如图35中所示。 [0180] The actual surface of the support member 30 may be designated for non-uniform, i.e., can make some other support member the support member than the thickness, so that the thicker parts of the fixed support member 50, while the other support member supporting layer being produced, As shown in FIG. 35. 子像素支撑件顶端30T可被用于减小在零件50上形成的隆起的尺寸，如图33中所示。 Support tip 30T sub-pixel may be used to reduce the size of the raised formation 50 on the part, as shown in FIG 33.
[0181] 在例证实施例中，有益的是在支撑件30之间增加支撑增强件。 [0181] In an exemplary embodiment, it is beneficial to increase the reinforcing support member between the support member 30. 支撑件30的长段30L较厚，例如2个像素宽，并且它们中具有增强件，如图30中所示。 Long segment 30L of the support member 30 is thick, for example, two pixels wide, and one of them having a reinforcing member 30 as shown in FIG. 采取在长段30L的支撑件30之间的支撑柱30P形式的增强件大大强化了支撑结构。 30P take the form of support posts 30 between the reinforcing member 30L of long segment support greatly enhanced support structure. 对于FTI技术来说，只在位于相同支撑网格内的支撑柱30P之间才发生增强，以避免较长的增强线。 For FTI technique, it only occurs only enhance the support grid located between the same support posts 30P, in order to avoid long reinforcing threads. 在图36的截面图中表示了使用支撑柱30P的典型增强图案。 It shows a typical enhancement pattern 30P of supporting posts 36 in the sectional view of FIG.
[0182] 在一个例证实施例中，使非锚固支撑件顶端30T生长到零件50的最后一层中，以实现锚式增强。 [0182] In one exemplary embodiment, the tip end 30T Growth unanchored to support part 50 in the last layer, to achieve a reinforcement anchor. 本发明的一些实施例并不包括生长到零件50中的支撑件顶端30T ;不过， 对于举例说明的包括支撑锚AS的实施例来说，支撑锚通常增大支撑件的强度。 Some embodiments of the present invention does not include a support member to grow in the top part 50 30T; however, embodiments including a support for anchoring the AS illustrated, the support anchors typically increases the strength of the support member. 从而，能够大大减少与零件50，尤其是具有曲面的零件面接的支撑件顶端30T的数目。 Accordingly, the part 50 can be greatly reduced, in particular number of curved surface parts having contact surfaces of the support tip 30T. 在图37的示意侧视图中图解说明了一个例子。 In a schematic side view of FIG. 37 illustrates one example. 在如图30中所示的例证实施例中，在深入零件中1-4层的支撑锚AS处，使支撑件顶端30T锚固到零件上。 Shown in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 30, in the deep part of the support anchors AS layer 1-4, the support member is anchored to the tip part 30T.
[0183] 由于边界支撑件顶端30T与预定的支撑件图案不相符，因此必须从预定图案分出边界支撑件。 [0183] Since the support member does not match the boundary to the top 30T and a predetermined pattern of the support member, the support member must be separated from the boundary of the predetermined pattern. 一种解决方案是在增强件的最后一层，从支撑件图案分了边界支撑件顶端30T。 One solution is the last layer of the reinforcing member, the support member to the top boundary of the sub-30T pattern from the support member. 这减少了支撑件30的数目，并且降低了制作期间阻挡UV光的可能性，如图37中图解所示。 This reduces the number of support member 30, and reduces the possibility of blocking UV light during fabrication, illustrated in FIG. 37. 利用这种方法能够显著减少在两个相邻支撑件30之间的陷入树脂。 Using this method can significantly reduce the resin caught in between two adjacent supports 30. _4] 利用切片层和像素的优点 4] to take advantage of the slice layer and the pixel
[0185] 采用如上所述的锚固支撑件的支撑件的产生提供许多优点。 [0185] The anchor support member to produce the supporting member described above provides a number of advantages. 第一个优点是支撑件产生需要较少的人为互动，因为它可以是自动化的，或者可按照与目前的支撑件产生技术相比，需要少得多的人为互动来编辑支撑件的方式来实现。 The first advantage is to produce a support member requires less human interaction, since it can be automated, or may be compared with the current in accordance with the support generation technique, a way to edit the support member requires much less human interaction is achieved . 这极大地提高了系统生产量，使得能够实现快速，短暂、易用且功能友好的SFF系统。 This greatly increases system productivity, enabling fast, short, easy to use and features friendly SFF system.
[0186] 另一个优点是它大大降低了支撑件的密度，而不危及构件质量。 [0186] Another advantage is that it greatly reduces the density of the support members, without compromising the quality of member. 带有（利用切片数据构成的）锚固支撑件AS的支撑件产生考虑了自支撑距离，累积支撑距离和区域识别。 With (using data slice configuration) anchoring the support member supports the AS generated from the consideration of self-supporting, the support from the accumulation area and identification. 在考虑了零件可制造性的同时优化了支撑件分布（有效且高效地支撑），而不危及零件质量。 In consideration of the part manufacturability while optimizing the distribution of the support member (support effective and efficient), without compromising the quality of the part.
[0187] 另一个优点在于支撑件顶端30T准确地与零件几何形状面接。 [0187] Another advantage is that the top support 30T accurately contact with the surface of the part geometry. 在补偿和几何校正之后，该切片层数据被用于定位支撑锚，并产生支撑结构。 After the geometric correction and compensation, the slice layer data is positioned for support anchors, and generates the support structure. 从而，在构件几何形状和支撑位置之间不存在任何偏差。 Thus, there is no deviation between the geometry and the position of the supporting member.
[0188]另一个优点在于可以使用支撑件样式转换器把支撑锚转换成各种支撑构件样式， 包括具有变化的支撑厚度的支撑件图案（例如，参见图30)，单像素或子像素支撑件顶端， 增强结构，和分支结构。 [0188] Another advantage is that the support member may be used style converter converts support anchors into various styles support member, the support member comprising a pattern (e.g., see FIG. 30) having a varying thickness of the support, a single pixel or subpixel support member top reinforcing structure and a branched structure. 另外，所得到的支撑件顶端30T总是在同样的位置与零件面接，与零件位置无关。 Further, the resulting support tips 30T are always in the same position with the contact surface parts, irrespective of the position of the part.
[0189] 图38图解说明按照本发明产生的风轮形式的实际零件50，而图39-42表示用于各个断面层的风轮零件用支撑件30。 [0189] FIG. 38 illustrates a form of the rotor produced in accordance with the present invention the actual part 50, and 39-42 for the respective parts of the wind turbine showing a sectional layer with the support member 30. 风轮零件50具有8扇叶片52，每扇叶片都具有曲面形状。 The rotor part 50 has eight vanes 52, each fan blade having a curved shape. 使支撑件30最优地分布-支撑件既不过多也不不足-以在制作方法期间和之后有效且高效地支撑风轮零件。 The support member is optimally distributed 30-- neither excessive nor insufficient support - and to then during production methods efficiently and effectively support the wind turbine parts. 在图39中，支撑增强件被表示成"X"，而图案和边界支撑件顶端被表示成黑点。 In Figure 39, the support member is shown as a reinforcement "X", and the pattern and the top boundary of the support members are represented as black dots.
[0190] 在受益于在上面的说明和相关附图中给出的教导的情况下，本发明所属领域的技术人员将想起这里陈述的发明的许多修改和其它实施例。 [0190] In the case where the benefit of the teachings presented in the above description and associated drawings, those skilled in the art will think of the present invention set forth herein, many modifications and other embodiments of the invention. 于是，本发明不局限于公开的具体实施例，这些修改和其它实施例包括在附加权利要求的范围之内。 Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, such modifications and other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. 本发明覆盖本发明的各种修改和变化，只要它们在附加权利要求和其等同物的范围之内。 Various modifications and variations of the present invention cover the present invention, so long as they are within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. 尽管这里采用了具体术语，不过只是在一般和描述的意义上使用这些术语的，而不是对本发明的限制。 Although specific terms are employed herein, but only these terms are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not to limit the present invention.
1. 一种在制作台上支撑用实体自由成形制造（SFF)形成的零件的方法，包括： 定义构成零件的多层； 对于至少一层，通过确定该层的一个或多个自支撑部分，确定需要支撑件的区域； 把不同层的区域合并成零件的一个或多个公共区域；和为所述一个或多个公共区域提供至少一个支撑件， 其中提供所述至少一个支撑件包括： 识别所述零件的一个或多个局部最高点； 识别与所述局部最高点相关的至少一个岛状物； 识别所述岛状物的最大截面，和该岛状物的最大截面的像素的对应数目；和定义为充分支撑该岛状物而需要的支撑像素的总数。 1. A method of making part of the stage with solid freeform fabrication (the SFF) forming a support, comprising: a definition of what constitutes a multilayer part; for at least one layer, or by determining a plurality of portions of the layer from a support, determines that the region of the support member; the combined layers into regions of different parts of one or more common areas; providing at least one support member and the one or more public areas, wherein providing said at least one support member comprises: identifying the one or more local maximum part; identifying at least one island associated with said local maximum; the number of pixels corresponding to the maximum cross-sectional identifying the islands, and the island is the maximum cross-section ; and the total number of pixels supported adequately support the island is defined as the need.
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述区域由一个或多个像素定义，所述方法还包括： 对于至少一层，分析与所述一个或多个像素相关的陡度，并识别被认为是自支撑的与足够陡度相关的那些像素。 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said area is defined by one or more pixels, said method further comprising: for at least one, analysis of the one or more pixels associated steepness, and Recognition It is considered to be those pixels associated with sufficient steepness of self-supporting.
3.按照权利要求2所述的方法，其中分析陡度包括在所述层内沿正交方向确定陡度， 以及认为在所述层内沿两个正交方向都具有阈值陡度的那些像素是自支撑的。 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the analyzing comprises determining steepness steepness in the orthogonal direction within the layer, and that in two orthogonal directions within the layer are those having a pixel threshold steepness It is self-supporting.
4.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述一个或多个公共区域具有相关的尺寸，其中为公共区域提供至少一个支撑件包括： 提供截面面积在对应公共区域的尺寸的0. 1% -10%的范围的至少一个支撑件。 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said one or more common regions having relative dimensions, wherein providing at least one is a public area support member comprising: providing a cross-sectional area corresponding to 0.1% of the size of the public area at least one support member in the range of -10%.
5.按照权利要求1所述的方法，还包括： 从所述制作台除去所述零件； 从所述零件除去用于所述一个或多个公共区域的所述至少一个支撑件；和消除由所述至少一个支撑件形成的零件异常。 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: removing said station from said production parts; for the removal of the part from the one or more common areas of the at least one support member; and removed by the at least one support member formed of an abnormal part.
6.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其中为充分支撑岛状物而需要的支撑像素的总数至少为对应岛状物的所述最大截面的像素数目的1%。 The number of pixels of the largest cross-section of the total number of pixels in the support 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the support is sufficiently island required at least 1% of the corresponding island.
7.按照权利要求1所述的方法，还包括： 为至少一个局部最高点提供至少一个支撑件。 7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: providing at least one support member of at least one local maximum.
8.按照权利要求7所述的方法，还包括： 计算所述一个或多个公共区域的质心；和在所述质心处提供至少一个支撑件。 8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: calculating a centroid of the one or more common areas; and providing at least one support member in said centroid.
9.按照权利要求8所述的方法，还包括： 提供数目为NS的表面支撑件，其中： NS=NT-(NM+NC)， 其中NT是所需要的支撑像素的总数，匪是所需要的局部最高点支撑像素的数目，NC是所需要的质心像素的数目。 9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: providing a number for the surface of the support member NS, where: NS = NT- (NM + NC), where NT is the total number of pixels required for the support, is required bandit the number of pixels supporting local maximum, NC is the number of pixels required centroid.
10.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述至少一个支撑件具有4 X 4像素〜16 X 16像素的截面尺寸。 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one support member having a sectional dimension of 4 X 4 pixels ~16 X 16 pixels.
11.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述至少一个支撑件具有在制作台处的底座和在零件处的锚，其中所述底座的截面尺寸大于所述锚的截面尺寸。 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one support member having a base and an anchoring part at at a stage in the production, wherein the cross-sectional dimension greater than the cross-sectional dimension of the base of the anchor.
CN 200880115528 2007-09-17 2008-09-17 Region-based supports for parts produced by solid freeform fabrication CN101855061B (en)
US97282307 true 2007-09-17 2007-09-17
US60/972,823 2007-09-17
US5507408 true 2008-05-21 2008-05-21
US61/055,074 2008-05-21
PCT/US2008/076648 WO2009039159A3 (en) 2007-09-17 2008-09-17 Region-based supports for parts produced by solid freeform fabrication
CN101855061A true CN101855061A (en) 2010-10-06
CN101855061B true CN101855061B (en) 2014-09-24
ID=40383563
CN 200880115528 CN101855061B (en) 2007-09-17 2008-09-17 Region-based supports for parts produced by solid freeform fabrication
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