Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/EP0189371A1/en
Timestamp: 2020-06-06 07:51:31
Document Index: 47005021

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15', 'arts 15']

EP0189371A1 - Snow-clearing apparatus - Google Patents
Snow-clearing apparatus Download PDF
EP0189371A1
EP0189371A1 EP86810012A EP86810012A EP0189371A1 EP 0189371 A1 EP0189371 A1 EP 0189371A1 EP 86810012 A EP86810012 A EP 86810012A EP 86810012 A EP86810012 A EP 86810012A EP 0189371 A1 EP0189371 A1 EP 0189371A1
EP86810012A
EP0189371B1 (en
1985-01-23 Priority to CH29785 priority Critical
1985-01-23 Priority to CH297/85 priority
1986-01-14 Application filed by Reberle reg. Treuunternehmen Schaan filed Critical Reberle reg. Treuunternehmen Schaan
1986-07-30 Publication of EP0189371A1 publication Critical patent/EP0189371A1/en
1989-05-31 Publication of EP0189371B1 publication Critical patent/EP0189371B1/en
E01H1/0809—Loosening or dislodging by blowing ; Drying by means of gas streams
E01H1/0818—Loosening or dislodging by blowing ; Drying by means of gas streams in apparatus with mechanical loosening or feeding instruments, e.g. brushes, scrapers
E01H5/092—Brushing elements
E01H6/00—Apparatus equipped with, or having provisions for equipping with, both elements for especially removal of refuse or the like and elements for removal of snow or ice
The sweeping brush has a multi-part design for the purpose of keeping the ground pressure of the sweeping brush of a snow removal machine constant, as well as to enable a higher clearing speed and to avoid interruptions in use due to the setting. The common lifting and lowering movement of the individual sweeping brush parts (15, 16), which can be pivoted relative to one another in a vertical plane, is controlled by a cylinder-piston unit (37, 50), and the piston acting on the brush parts is in each case in one direction of movement opposed pressure. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the individual sweeping brush parts are connected to one another by torsion bars (38).
The present invention relates to a snow removal machine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
With snow removal machines of this type, three problems stand in the foreground, namely the most complete possible cleaning of the surface to be processed, a high cleaning speed and no interruptions in use due to the readjustment of the ground pressure.
These three requirements are related to each other in that snow-clearing machines with multi-part sweeping brushes were in themselves able to achieve a sufficiently clean cleaning, but on the other hand, thanks to a certain independence of the sweeping brush parts, they increasingly tended to "flutter". This already resulted from the fact that the sweeping brush parts for the purpose of being able to better adapt to the configuration of the surface to be cleaned were pivotable in a vertical plane relative to one another, but this adjustment movement led to the partial independence of the sweeping brush parts mentioned.
two groups of designs have been proposed. One of them provided a fixed, i.e. unsprung suspension of the sweeping brush in a frame, which frame was supported against the floor by a roller, while the other attempted, by means of a pneumatic control or a pneumatically controlled lowering, to reduce the effect of the Sweeping brush diameter. In the first group, it could not be avoided that the machine had to be shut down periodically to reset the brush pattern, and that the clearing speed set limits due to the unevenness of the floor, because the bump inevitably started to bounce due to the uneven ground. This last disadvantage, which made a sufficient clearing speed impossible, could not be avoided even in the second group of the previously known machines, since the lowering movement was undamped, which in turn caused the sweeping brush to "flutter".
The present invention had for its object to provide a snow removal machine of the type mentioned which, in the sense of the problems mentioned, improved cleaning, increased cleaning speed and uninterrupted use. The features contained in the characterizing part of claim 1 serve to solve this problem.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, as will be described in more detail below, a torsion bar connecting the various sweeping brush parts is provided as a further damping means.
A particularly advantageous method for operating a snow-clearing machine and an embodiment of the snow-clearing machine according to the invention, for example, are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
As far as the drawings are concerned:
1-3 a snow removal device in a side view, a top view and a front view,
4 is a view of the front of the sweeping unit,
5 is a side view of the sweeper with suspension points of the unit on the carrier vehicle, an outer holding arm of the sweeping brush and the height-adjustable air nozzle at the end of the air duct,
6 shows the same side view directly in front of the center of the unit with the middle brush suspension and drive and the hydraulic lifting device,
7 is a partial front view of the sweeper with the air deflection when entering the air duct, with the torsion bar connection between the hydraulic lifting devices and with the vertically adjustable air nozzle with return spring,
8 and 9 is a side view, respectively. a plan view of the outer holding and lifting device of the sweeping brush,
10 is a perspective view of the sweeping brush and the blowing device,
11 is a diagram of the control and
Fig. 12 is a functional diagram.
The vehicle has a conventional front, steered planetary axle 1 and a rear, likewise steerable planetary axle 2, the axle 2 being blocked in the central position or being switched off, but can be switched on at any time. The circuit is designed in such a way that, depending on the position of a control valve (not shown) in the driver's cab, it can be switched to front-wheel, four-wheel or dog-gear steering. With all-wheel steering, the rear axle follows the track of the front axle and thus inevitably causes the sweeper to guide the vehicle even when cornering. When switching to crab steering, all four wheels steer in the same direction, which leads to a diagonal shift of the entire vehicle. Obstacles can be avoided and maneuvering is made easier.
A chassis 3 is formed in the areas between the front and rear axles 1 and 2 by angled so that the greatest possible free space between the road and frame. The rear axle is mechanically driven from the distribution gear 4 via a front and rear displacement gear 5 to the rear axle 2.
In the area under the driver's cab 6 there is a traction motor 7 with a downstream multi-stage automatic transmission, from which the drive is transmitted to the distribution gear 4 and from there to the front axle 1 and rear axle 2. The transfer case 4 and axes 1 and 2 have differential compensation with locks that can be activated. On the one hand, the multi-stage automatic transmission enables graduated working speeds that can be limited by the driver and allows dislocation speeds of up to 80 km / h. A work motor 8 is arranged in the area above the rear axle 2. This drives two or, if necessary, more hydraulic rotary piston pumps 10, 11 with O-stroke control via a distribution gear 9, which in turn exerts the force via the axial piston motor 12 on the powerful radial fan 13 or. transferred to the centrally arranged sweeping brush drive 14. The speed of the radial fan 13 or. of the sweeping brush parts 15/16 are changed as required from standstill to a predetermined maximum speed and thus adapted to the prevailing conditions. The speeds are recorded using sensors that are not shown in detail and are continuously displayed in the cab.
On the front mounting space of the vehicle, a snow plow 18 is arranged on a quick-change device 17, which in turn is raised, lowered or respectively lifted over the hydraulic lifting elements 19 and 20. can be swiveled left and right about a vertical axis.
The chassis 3 together with the casing, which is no longer shown, is designed in such a way that any superstructure, for example sweepings containers, water containers, mowers and the like, can be arranged over the entire space behind the driver's cab up to the end of the vehicle for other work purposes.
In the area of the chassis, all necessary equipment of a modern vehicle, such as power supply, compressed air tank, hydraulic auxiliary pumps for device operation and control, fuel reservoir and all hydraulic units for the operation and control of the work equipment are clearly arranged.
To achieve optimum driving behavior, the vehicle is of course equipped with parabolic springs on the rear and front axles, with shock absorbers and anti-roll bars as well as with a compressed air servo 2-circuit brake system and with spring-loaded parking brakes on all wheels.
The total length of the vehicle including the snow plow mounted on the front is only approx. 10 m. With this compact design, an outer turning circle of approx. 20 m can be achieved with front wheel steering and an outer turning circle of approx. 12 m with all-wheel steering switched on.
Any of the known and existing devices can be attached as snow plow 18.
In a 3-point suspension 21, which in turn is attached to the frame 3, a ball slewing ring 22 is arranged. On the underside of the turntable 22, the air supply pipe 23, which is designed as a supporting structure, is mounted. The air supply pipe 23 leads from the center of the unit to the left and right ends. The air is fed from the turbine (radial fan) 13 via a pipe 51 through the rotating ring 22, the pipe bend 24 and the air nozzle 25 to the air duct 26 arranged in front of the sweeping brush 15/16. The air nozzle 25 can be adjusted in height by means of guide rails 27 and return springs (gas pressure springs) 28 and can thus ver in the area of the air duct 26 or via this duct be pushed. The entire adjustment and in particular the force of the return spring 28 is dimensioned such that the nozzle 25 is automatically brought into the lower working position when a corresponding amount of air is supplied by the resulting back pressure and, if the air supply is interrupted, into the upper rest position by means of a return spring. Via a hydraulic cylinder 29, an air flap 30 can be brought into an end position shown on the left in FIG. 7 or into an end position on the right, and the air supply from the turbine to the air nozzle 25 can be controlled on the left or right. By means of a hydraulic cylinder, not shown, which is articulated on the turntable 22 and on the other hand on the vehicle frame 3, the air duct and the sweeping brush connected to it can be turned around the vertical pivot point of the turntable in a working position shown in FIG. 2 left or right or in any position Intermediate position are brought.
A closed chain drive 32 is located on the rotary bearing 31 arranged below the air supply pipe 23, in the center of the unit, and lifting and holding arms 34 are rotatably arranged on the outer pivot points 33.
On the chain drive 32 protruding on the left and right multi-wedge profile 35 with an arc shape, respectively. on the outer bearings 36, a sweeping brush with brush parts 15 and 16 is rotatably connected on the one hand via the multi-spline 35 and on the other hand freely rotatable in the bearing 36. By two double-acting hydraulic cylinders arranged on the side of the chain transmission 32 and on the other hand on supports on the air supply pipe, and two double-acting hydraulic cylinders arranged on the one hand on the left and one on the right at the end of the air supply pipe 23, on the one hand on the lifting and holding arms 34 and on the other hand on supports of the air supply pipe 23 37 the sweeping brush 15/16 is raised in the transport position, resp. lowered into the lower working position and held with a constant pressure.
Two torsion bars 38 connecting the pivot points 31 and 33 (only one torsion bar could also be provided) are for stabilization or. mutual support of the lifting devices provided at the pivot points 31 and 33 are arranged, but are dimensioned such that the chain drive 32, which serves as the middle lifting device, and the outer lifting and holding arms 34 can stand independently of one another in a certain angular range and thus an optimal adaptation allow the brush parts 15/16 to the traffic area to be cleaned, even if there are major bumps and cross slopes or roof profiles. The constant ground pressure of the sweeping brush parts 15/16 mentioned above is ensured by the separately shown hydraulic system, consisting of a hydraulic pump, pressure relief valve, control valves and the four hydraulic cylinders 37, and enables the brush to be placed on as regularly as possible at all times and thus optimal clearance with minimal wear and tear, leaving much higher Clearing speeds too. The fixed arrangement of the entire air duct, designed as a load-bearing element, including the brush cover 39, enables the remaining total mass to remain as low as possible and thereby also contributes to the stabilization and quiet behavior of the sweeping brush parts 15 and 16. The division into two parts makes it easier to assemble and disassemble the brush parts and thus replace the individual brush segments. The brush parts 15/16 can consist of brush segments in the form of disks or strips, of steel wire or plastic.
The two-part sweeping brush 15/16 is articulated in three points and is in principle suspended from three lever arms moved by means of differential hydraulic cylinders 37 together with pistons 50.
The middle suspension is taken over by the chain drive 32 with two cylinders 37, independently of the two outer suspensions 34, which each work with one cylinder and are hydraulically connected in parallel.
With this arrangement with separate hydraulic circuits with different, adjustable pressures, the different hanger reactions in the middle / outside can be compensated separately by brush roller and chain drive weights. This weight balance enables the two rollers to optimally adjust to the ground and to wear them evenly.
While the working motor 8 is running, the pumps 10 and 11 pivot the radial fan 13 on the one hand and the sweeping brush parts 15 and 16 on the other hand in rotation.
As already mentioned, depending on the position of the air guide flap 30, the air supplied by the radial fan 13 is directed to the left or right air nozzle 25. Under the back pressure of the supplied air, the nozzle 25 lowers against the resistance of the return spring 28 in the working position, respectively. is raised to the rest position when the air supply is interrupted. (Incidentally, this movement can also be released hydraulically by arranging a hydraulic cylinder instead of the return spring 28 and connecting it in series with the hydraulic cylinder 29, for example. This would automatically trigger the corresponding air nozzle when the air flap 30 is changed 25 left or right lowered or raised.)
The snow or dirt thrown into the area of the air duct 26 by the brush parts 15/16 is caught in the air duct 26 by the rapid air flow from the air nozzle 25 and blown out to the left or right. By means of this air duct arranged on the front of the brush, the snow or dirt is not whirled up freely, but is redirected in flight and blown out laterally even when the brush is at a slight incline or even when the brush is in a transverse position. The rubber protective flaps 40 and 41 limit the working area of the sweeper once at the front and once at the rear.
The entire operation and monitoring of the working motor 8 and the working equipment (snow plow and sweeper) takes place from an additional operating and monitoring console in the driver's cab, respectively. electrohydraulic. The simple arrangement and the selected drive system with automatic transmission enable easy handling by the driver without another operator. The hydraulic drives of the radial turbine and the sweeping brushes are protected against overload by the 0-stroke control of the rotary piston pumps.
The mechanical attachment of the entire sweeper via the 3-point suspension 21 as well as the hydraulic connections for the brush drive and the actuation of the hydraulic cylinders is designed so that it can be attached and detached to the carrier vehicle in a relatively short time and easily. The entire sweeper is supported on the floor by four auxiliary wheels with height-adjustable spindles and can be pulled out from under the vehicle.
The function of the means for keeping the ground pressure constant is, if the hydraulic brush suspension is reduced to only one cylinder, in which case the simplified diagram according to FIG. 11 applies:
Neutral position: cylinder 37 is blocked in the rest position of directional valves 44 and 48
Lowering: The oil delivered by a pump, not described in more detail, reaches the directional valve 44 with circuit Y2 via the pressure line 42. Then it passes pressure reducing valve 45 and moves the piston 50 downward from cylinder 37 with the pressure Pl set. The oil displaced in the other chamber reaches the resistance P2 from the pressure reducing valve 47 via the circuit Y3 and the return 49 to an oil tank (not described).
Via the pressure reducing valve 47 and the circuit Y3 of the directional control valve 48, the oil flow from the pump (not shown in detail) also keeps the set counterpressure P2 in the lower chamber of the cylinder 37 constant in parallel. The pressure accumulator 43 is installed as an additional damping element and ensures that the oil displacement and oil delivery during rapid movements of the piston 50 in the cylinder 37 is ensured even with a relatively low delivery rate of the pump.
By actuating the adjustable pressure reducing valve 45, the desired ground pressure Pl can be set as required.
Lift: Directional control valve 44 in circuit Yl. The oil with pressure PO reaches the cylinder 37 via check valve 46. The displaced oil goes back into the oil tank via directional valve 44. The directional control valve 48 remains blocked.
In this way, it is possible to create a snow removal machine which ensures perfect snow removal and, above all, permits a substantially greater snow removal speed and ensures permanent maintenance of the desired floor pressure of the sweeping brush.
1. Snow removal machine with a lifting and lowering sweeping brush, characterized in that the sweeping brush is constructed in several parts, the common lifting or lowering movement of the individual sweeping brush parts which can be pivoted in a vertical plane being controlled by cylinder-piston units, and the pistons acting on the sweeping brush parts are each subjected to a pressure opposite to the direction of movement.
2. Snow removal machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sweeping brush parts are connected to one another by at least one torsion bar.
3. A method for operating a snow removal machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pistons of the cylinder-piston units are subjected to different pressures for the purpose of lifting the sweeping brush parts at the points of attack of the cylinder-piston units, in accordance with the different weight of the dustpan parts on the opposite side of the pistons a counter pressure corresponding to the desired ground pressure can be effective for the purpose of lowering the sweeping brush parts.
EP86810012A 1985-01-23 1986-01-14 Snow-clearing apparatus Expired EP0189371B1 (en)
CH29785 1985-01-23
CH297/85 1985-01-23
AT86810012T AT43665T (en) 1985-01-23 1986-01-14 Snow cleaning machine.
EP0189371A1 true EP0189371A1 (en) 1986-07-30
EP0189371B1 EP0189371B1 (en) 1989-05-31
ID=4183778
EP86810012A Expired EP0189371B1 (en) 1985-01-23 1986-01-14 Snow-clearing apparatus
US (1) US4685228A (en)
EP (1) EP0189371B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61229006A (en)
AT (1) AT43665T (en)
CA (1) CA1264213A (en)
DE (1) DE3663702D1 (en)
NO (1) NO162670C (en)
EP0261097A2 (en) * 1986-09-16 1988-03-23 Anton Techn. Rat Kahlbacher Apparatus for removing snow, snow-mud, water, dirt or the like from traffic areas
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DE3703470C1 (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-10-13 Willy 7715 Braeunlingen De Kuepper Snowplough attached to front of lorry - has broom behind ploughshare, followed by air blower channel
EP0288436A1 (en) * 1987-04-23 1988-10-26 Reberle reg. Treuunternehmen Schaan Apparatus for cleaning hard top ground surfaces
EP0296563A1 (en) * 1987-06-26 1988-12-28 Rolba Ag Clearing device for clearing snow-covered ground surfaces
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WO1995025849A1 (en) * 1992-09-23 1995-09-28 Markku Hokkanen Cleaning apparatus for a road, an airfield or the like
EP0843047A1 (en) * 1996-11-18 1998-05-20 Schmidt Holding Europe GmbH Sweeping unit especially for mounting on a vehicule or a trailer
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1986-01-14 DE DE8686810012A patent/DE3663702D1/en not_active Expired
1986-01-14 EP EP86810012A patent/EP0189371B1/en not_active Expired
1986-01-14 AT AT86810012T patent/AT43665T/en not_active IP Right Cessation
1986-01-17 US US06/820,264 patent/US4685228A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
1986-01-21 NO NO860207A patent/NO162670C/en unknown
1986-01-22 CA CA000500073A patent/CA1264213A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
1986-01-23 JP JP61011201A patent/JPS61229006A/en active Pending
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NO162670B (en) 1989-10-23
US4685228A (en) 1987-08-11
CA1264213A (en) 1990-01-09
NO860207L (en) 1986-07-24
NO162670C (en) 1990-01-31
AT43665T (en) 1989-06-15
CA1264213A1 (en)
JPS61229006A (en) 1986-10-13
EP0189371B1 (en) 1989-05-31
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1988-02-17 17Q First examination report despatched
1989-05-31 AK Designated contracting states
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Owner name: *REBERLE REG. TREUUNTERNEHMEN SCHAAN