Source: https://patents.justia.com/patent/8611497
Timestamp: 2020-02-19 14:16:08
Document Index: 580142195

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 07873549']

US Patent for Portable orthovoltage radiotherapy Patent (Patent # 8,611,497 issued December 17, 2013) - Justia Patents Search
Justia Patents TherapyUS Patent for Portable orthovoltage radiotherapy Patent (Patent # 8,611,497)
Nov 14, 2011 - Oraya Therapeutics, Inc.
Latest Oraya Therapeutics, Inc. Patents:
Device and assembly for positioning and stabilizing an eye
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/912,557, filed Oct. 26, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,059,784, entitled, “PORTABLE ORTHOVOLTAGE RADIOTHERAPY”; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/833,939, filed Aug. 3, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,822,175, entitled, “PORTABLE ORTHOVOLTAGE RADIOTHERAPY”; which claims priority benefit from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/933,220, filed Jun. 4, 2007, entitled, “PORTABLE ORTHOVOLTAGE RADIOTHERAPY”; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/922,741, filed Apr. 9, 2007, entitled, “RADIATION THERAPY SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF MACULAR DEGENERATION”; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/869,872, filed Dec. 13, 2006, entitled, “XRAY TREATMENT SYSTEM”; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/862,210, filed Oct. 19, 2006, entitled, “METHODS AND DEVICE FOR NON-INVASIVE ROBOTIC TARGETING OF INFLAMMATORY LESIONS USING RADIATION”; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/862,044, filed Oct. 18, 2006, entitled, “METHODS AND DEVICES FOR NON-INVASIVE ROBOTIC TARGETING OF RETINAL LESIONS”; and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/829,676, filed Oct. 16, 2006, entitled, “METHODS AND DEVICES TO APPLY FOCUSED ENERGY TO BODY REGIONS”; the entirety of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
FIGS. 11A1-11B depict the results of thin x-ray beams penetrating through an ophthalmic phantom to investigate penumbra and dosage variables.
In some embodiments, it is a goal of the treatment system to deliver radiation therapy substantially through the pars plana region of the eye (see FIG. 1C). Pars plana 215 is the region of the eye between the pars plicata 218 and a peripheral portion of the retina 280, the ora serrata. The pars plana 215 region of the eye contains the fewest critical structures enroute from the sclera 260 to the retina 280. It is typically the region through which surgeons will inject pharmaceuticals in order to inject drugs into the eye or to perform vitrectomies because the smallest risk of damage to ocular structures exists with this approach Likewise, radiotherapy can be delivered to the posterior region of the eye through the pars plana region 215 to minimize the potential for damage to structures such as the lens, yet reaching regions such as the fovea 240 and with minimal radiation reaching the optic nerve 275. The image-guided orthovoltage therapy described herein allows such specific treatment.
In certain embodiments, the x-ray subsystem 700 can collimate the x-ray to produce a narrow beam of specified diameter and shape. For example, in certain embodiments using a collimator, the diameter of the collimator outlet may be increased or decreased to adjust the diameter of the radiotherapy beam emitted by the collimator. In certain embodiments, the x-ray subsystem 700 can emit a beam with a diameter of about 0.1 mm to about 6 mm. In certain embodiments, the x-ray subsystem 700 can emit a beam with a diameter of less than about 0.1 mm. In certain embodiments, the x-ray subsystem 700 can emit a beam with a diameter of between about 0.5 mm and about 5 mm. As described in further detail below, narrow beams and virtual models are useful to ensure that the energy is applied to a specific area of the eye and not to other areas of the eye. In some embodiments (FIG. 2B′-2B″″), the radiation control module can emit an x-ray beam with a circular 1212 or non-circular 1214 shape; in some embodiments, the radiation control module can emit an x-ray beam with a rectangular shape 1214 or a square shape. In some embodiments, the radiation control module can emit an x-ray beam with an arc shape or an elliptical shape or a doughnut configuration 1217 through a circular collimator 1215 with an opaque region 1218 in the center. In some embodiment, the collimator 1215 can include a conical-shaped opening 1232, such as depicted in FIG. 2B″″, for providing a precisely shaped beam 1200.
In certain embodiments, the system can include a collimation system, a shutter system, and an electromechanical actuation system to move the x-ray source and/or collimators. Referring to FIG. 2A, orthovoltage x-ray source 1070 is depicted. Collimators 1030, 1040, and/or 1052 are calibrated to produce a small collimated beam 1062 of x-ray photons; in a preferred ophthalmic embodiment, the tightly collimated beam 1062 has an area of from about 1 mm2 to about 20 mm2 in a circular or other shape and a diameter of from about 0.5 mm to about 6.0 mm. Multiple collimators allow for improved penumbra percentages; the smaller the penumbra, the finer the application of x-rays to a specified structure. FIGS. 2B′-2B″″ depicts embodiments of collimator designs in which a variety of collimator configurations are depicted. For example, FIG. 2B″″ depicts a collimator configuration in which a doughnut shape of x-rays is generated; FIG. 2B″″ depicts a collimator configured with a nozzle, or conical, shape 1232 to limit the penumbra or create a substantially uniform radiation beam. The collimators, operating in conjunction with filters 1010, 1020 preferably cause the x-rays to leave the collimator in a beam 1090 having a substantially parallel configuration.
FIG. 11A depicts the results of a collimated x-ray beam 2600 which penetrates approximately 2 cm through water (or an eye) 2630 where the collimator is approximately 5.0 cm from the surface of the water. As can be seen in FIG. 11A2, there is a small penumbra width 2610 about an original beam width 2620 after penetration through the eye which is less than 10% of the shaping beam shown in FIG. 11A1. These data incorporate both divergence as well as isodose drop off and reveal that for a collimator within about 5 cm of the target, the penumbra can be very small. FIG. 11B depicts a graphical representation of the penumbra from measurements within a film. Delta 2650 represents the absorption in the energy between the surface and the depth as recorded by x-ray sensitive film. The tails seen in 2640 versus 2630 indicate a small degree of penumbra effect as the beam loses energy through the eye. Indeed, the penumbra for a 0.5 mm to 6 mm spot size can be as low as 0.01% and as high as ten percent depending on the placement of the collimators with respect to the eye.
identifying (i) a fiducial marker location on an eye contact member that contacts an outer surface of the eye, and (ii) a mapped location, based on imaging data, of a target region within the eye relative to the marker location;
positioning, based on the mapped location, a source that emits x-ray radiation; and
emitting the radiation from the source to the target region.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the target region comprises a macula of the eye.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the mapped location by mapping a location of the target region in a coordinate system.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising, after mapping the location of the target region, detecting a movement of the eye.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising determining a relative relationship between a new location of the target region and the mapped location in the coordinate system after the detecting the eye movement.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising collimating the emitted radiation to a radiation beam having a cross-sectional width of less than about 6 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising repositioning the source based on a movement of the fiducial marker location to a second fiducial marker location.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising after the repositioning of the source, emitting an additional radiation beam from the source to the target region.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the emitting the radiation comprises emitting radiation toward a region of drusen in the eye.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the emitting the radiation comprises emitting an x-ray beam.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising applying at least one additional radiation beam to the target region.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the x-ray beam and the at least one additional radiation beam are applied simultaneously.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the imaging data is obtained with at least one of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography, and positron emission tomography.
14. The method of claim 1, further comprising obtaining the imaging data of at least a portion of the eye.
15. A method, of applying radiation to a patient's eye, comprising:
positioning a radiation source based on a relative position between (i) a mapped location, in a coordinate system and determined from imaging data, of a target region within an eye and (ii) a fiducial marker location on a contact member that contacts an outer surface of the eye; and
emitting x-ray radiation from the source toward the target region within the eye.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the target region comprises a macula of the eye.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the mapped location comprises a location of the macula, relative to the fiducial marker location, thereby producing a mapped macula location in the coordinate system.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising, after mapping the location of the macula, detecting a movement of the eye.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising determining a relative relationship between a new location of the macula and the mapped macula location in the coordinate system after the detecting the eye movement.
20. The method of claim 15, further comprising applying at least one additional radiation beam to the target region.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the x-ray radiation and the at least one additional radiation beam are applied simultaneously.
22. The method of claim 15, further comprising collimating the emitted radiation to a radiation beam having a cross-sectional width of less than about 6 mm.
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Patent number: 8611497
Patent Publication Number: 20120057675
Assignee: Oraya Therapeutics, Inc. (Newark, CA)
Application Number: 13/296,094
Current U.S. Class: Therapy (378/65); Including Object Support Or Positioning (378/68)
International Classification: A61N 5/10 (20060101); G21K 5/08 (20060101);