Source: http://dutytowarnandprotect.weebly.com/ethical-codes.html
Timestamp: 2015-03-02 16:28:20
Document Index: 276218107

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 37', '§ 33', '§ 33', '§ 33', '§ 33', '§ 33']

Ethical Codes - Duty to Warn & Protect
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CODE OF ETHICS AND DUTY TO PROTECT
"Protecting client privacy is fundamental to these lofty ethical goals, and the ethics codes of the American Psychological Association…, the American Counseling Association…, and the National Association of Social Workers fully endorse these values both through their aspirational statements and through their enforceable standards. None of these codes, however, sees the protection of client privacy as an absolute requirement, and all permit the breach of client privacy in some instances" (Werthe, Welfel, & Benjamin, 2009, p. 29).
APA (American Psychological Association) Code of Ethics 4.02 Discussing the Limits of Confidentiality(a) Psychologists discuss with persons (including, to the extent feasible, persons who are legally incapable of giving informed consent and their legal representatives) and organizations with whom they establish a scientific or professional relationship (1) the relevant limits of confidentiality and (2) the foreseeable uses of the information generated through their psychological activities. (See also Standard 3.10, Informed Consent.)(b) Unless it is not feasible or is contraindicated, the discussion of confidentiality occurs at the outset of the relationship and thereafter as new circumstances may warrant.(c) Psychologists who offer services, products, or information via electronic transmission inform clients/patients of the risks to privacy and limits of confidentiality.4.05 Disclosures(a) Psychologists may disclose confidential information with the appropriate consent of the organizational client, the individual client/patient or another legally authorized person on behalf of the client/patient unless prohibited by law.(b) Psychologists disclose confidential information without the consent of the individual only as mandated by law, or where permitted by law for a valid purpose such as to (1) provide needed professional services; (2) obtain appropriate professional consultations; (3) protect the client/patient, psychologist, or others from harm; or (4) obtain payment for services from a client/patient, in which instance disclosure is limited to the minimum that is necessary to achieve the purpose (APA, 2010)
ACA (American Counseling Association) Code of Ethics
B.1.c. Respect for ConfidentialityCounselors do not share confidentialinformation without client consentor without sound legal or ethicaljustification.B.2. ExceptionsB.2.a. Danger and Legal RequirementsThe general requirement that counselorskeep information confidentialdoes not apply when disclosure isrequired to protect clients or identifiedothers from serious and foreseeableharm or when legal requirementsdemand that confidential informationmust be revealed. Counselorsconsult with other professionals whenin doubt as to the validity of an exception.Additional considerations applywhen addressing end-of-life issues.(See A.9.c.)B.2.b. Contagious, Life-Threatening DiseasesWhen clients disclose that they have adisease commonly known to be bothcommunicable and life threatening,counselors may be justified in disclosinginformation to identifiable thirdparties, if they are known to be atdemonstrable and high risk of contractingthe disease. Prior to makinga disclosure, counselors confirm thatthere is such a diagnosis and assess theintent of clients to inform the thirdparties about their disease or to engagein any behaviors that may beharmful to an identifiable third party (ACA, 2005).
. 1.07 Privacy and Confidentiality (a) Social workers should respect clients’ right to privacy. Social workers should not solicit private information from clients unless it is essential to providing services or conducting social work evaluation or research. Once private information is shared, standards of confidentiality apply. (b) Social workers may disclose confidential information when appropriate with valid consent from a client or a person legally authorized to consent on behalf of a client. (c) Social workers should protect the confidentiality of all information obtained in the course of professional service, except for compelling professional reasons. The general expectation that social workers will keep information confidential does not apply when disclosure is necessary to prevent serious, foreseeable, and imminent harm to a client or other identifiable person. In all instances, social workers should disclose the least amount of confidential information necessary to achieve the desired purpose; only information that is directly relevant to the purpose for which the disclosure is made should be revealed. (d) Social workers should inform clients, to the extent possible, about the disclosure of confidential information and the potential consequences, when feasible before the disclosure is made. This applies whether social workers disclose confidential information on the basis of a legal requirement or client consent (NASW, 2008).
DUTY TO PROTECT33-3-206. Duty to predict, warn or take precautions to provide protection -- Liability. IF AND ONLY IF(1) a service recipient has communicated to a qualified mental health professional or behavior analyst an actual threat of bodily harm against a clearly identified victim, AND(2) the professional, using the reasonable skill, knowledge, and care ordinarily possessed and exercised by the professional's specialty under similar circumstances, has determined or reasonably should have determined that the service recipient has the apparent ability to commit such an act and is likely to carry out the threat unless prevented from doing so,THEN(3) the professional shall take reasonable care to predict, warn of, or take precautions to protect the identified victim from the service recipient's violent behavior.37-1-403. Reporting of brutality, abuse, neglect or child sexual abuse -- Notification to parents of abuse on school grounds or under school supervision -- Confidentiality of records. (a) (1) Any person who has knowledge of or is called upon to render aid to any child who is suffering from or has sustained any wound, injury, disability, or physical or mental condition shall report such harm immediately if the harm is of such a nature as to reasonably indicate that it has been caused by brutality, abuse or neglect or that, on the basis of available information, reasonably appears to have been caused by brutality, abuse or neglect.(2) Any such person with knowledge of the type of harm described in this subsection (a) shall report it, by telephone or otherwise, to the:(A) Judge having juvenile jurisdiction over the child;(B) Department, in a manner specified by the department, either by contacting a local representative of the department or by utilizing the department's centralized intake procedure, where applicable;(C) Sheriff of the county where the child resides; or(D) Chief law enforcement official of the municipality where the child resides.(3) If any such person knows or has reasonable cause to suspect that a child has been sexually abused, the person shall report such information in accordance with § 37-1-605, relative to the sexual abuse of children, regardless of whether such person knows or believes that the child has sustained any apparent injury as a result of such abuse.71-6-103. Rules and regulations -- Reports of abuse or neglect -- Investigation -- Providing protective services -- Consent of adult -- Duties of other agencies. (a) The commissioner has the discretion to adopt such rules, regulations, procedures, guidelines, or any other expressions of policy necessary to effect the purpose of this part insofar as such action is reasonably calculated to serve the public interest.(b) (1) Any person, including, but not limited to, a physician, nurse, social worker, department personnel, coroner, medical examiner, alternate care facility employee, or caretaker, having reasonable cause to suspect that an adult has suffered abuse, neglect, or exploitation, shall report or cause reports to be made in accordance with the provisions of this part. Death of the adult does not relieve one of the responsibility for reporting the circumstances surrounding the death. However, unless the report indicates that there are other adults in the same or similar situation and that an investigation and provision of protective services are necessary to prevent their possible abuse, neglect or exploitation, it shall not be necessary for the department to make an investigation of the circumstances surrounding the death; provided, that the appropriate law-enforcement agency is notified.33-1-101. Title definitions.(17) "Licensed physician" means a graduate of an accredited medical school authorized to confer upon graduates the degree of doctor of medicine (M.D.) who is duly licensed in the state, or an osteopathic physician who is a graduate of a recognized osteopathic college authorized to confer the degree of doctor of osteopathy (D.O.) and who is licensed to practice osteopathic medicine in the state;(20) "Qualified mental health professional" means a person who is licensed in the state, if required for the profession, and who is a psychiatrist; physician with expertise in psychiatry as determined by training, education, or experience; psychologist with health service provider designation; psychological examiner or senior psychological examiner; licensed master's social worker with two (2) years of mental health experience or licensed clinical social worker; marital and family therapist; nurse with a master's degree in nursing who functions as a psychiatric nurse; professional counselor; or if the person is providing service to service recipients who are children, any of the above educational credentials plus mental health experience with children;33-6-427. Authority of licensed psychologist or other mental health professional. (a) If a person is a licensed psychologist designated as a health service provider by the board of healing arts and is actively practicing as such, the person may take any action authorized and perform any duty imposed on a physician by §§ 33-6-401 -- 33-6-406.(b) The commissioner may designate a person to take any action authorized and perform any duty imposed on a physician by §§ 33-6-401 -- 33-6-406 to the extent the duties are within the scope of practice of the profession in which the person is licensed or certified, if the person:(1) Is a qualified mental health professional under § 33-1-101;(2) Is licensed or certified to practice in the state if required for the discipline; and(3) Satisfactorily completes a training program approved and provided by the department on emergency commitment criteria and procedures.(c) Subsection (b) does not affect any property right of an employee of the state while the person is acting in the person's capacity as employee of the state33-6-401. Emergency detention. IF AND ONLY IF(1) a person has a mental illness or serious emotional disturbance, AND(2) the person poses an immediate substantial likelihood of serious harm under § 33-6-501 because of the mental illness or serious emotional disturbance,THEN(3) the person may be detained under § 33-6-402 to obtain examination for certification of need for care and treatment.
American Counseling Association (2005). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from: http://www.counseling.org/Resources/CodeOfEthics/TP/Home/CT2.aspxAmerican Psychological Association (2010). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. Retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/National Association of Social Workers (2008). Code of Ethics. Retrieved from: http://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/code/code.asp Remley, T., & Herlihy, B. (2010). Ethical, Legal, and Professional Issues in Counseling (3rd. Ed.). Upper Saddle River: Merrill. Vandecreek, L., & Knapp, S. (2001). Tarasoff and Beyond: Legal and ethical Considerations in the Treatment of Life-Endangering Patients (3rd. Ed.). Practitioner's Resource Series.Werth, J., Welfel, E., & Benjamin, G. (Eds.) (2009). The Duty to Protect. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association.