Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN101542191B/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-29 11:25:50
Document Index: 171876019

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art 4', 'art.\n14']

CN101542191B - Backlight and display - Google Patents
CN101542191B
CN101542191B CN2007800425245A CN200780042524A CN101542191B CN 101542191 B CN101542191 B CN 101542191B CN 2007800425245 A CN2007800425245 A CN 2007800425245A CN 200780042524 A CN200780042524 A CN 200780042524A CN 101542191 B CN101542191 B CN 101542191B
CN2007800425245A
CN101542191A (en
大卫·詹姆斯·蒙哥马利
弗洛里安·吉勒斯·皮埃尔·罗卡尔
2006-11-20 Priority to GB0622990A priority Critical patent/GB2443849A/en
2006-11-20 Priority to GB0622990.0 priority
2007-11-07 Application filed by 夏普株式会社 filed Critical 夏普株式会社
2007-11-07 Priority to PCT/JP2007/072055 priority patent/WO2008062695A1/en
2009-09-23 Publication of CN101542191A publication Critical patent/CN101542191A/en
2012-05-23 Publication of CN101542191B publication Critical patent/CN101542191B/en
A backlight is provided for a transmissive spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal device (1). The backlight comprises a light source (5), which supplies light through an input edge surface (12) of a non-flat light guide (4) having a front surface (4a) and a rear surface (4b). The rear surface (4b) comprises a plurality of concave features (10), each of which has a surface (11) which faces the input surface (12) and which is oriented so as to direct light towards and out of the front surface (4a). The surfaces (11) have slope angles with respect to a tangent plane to the rear surface (4b) at the feature (10) which vary with distance from the input surface (12) so as to concentrate output light from the light guide (4) into a desired angular output range.
Back lighting device and display
The present invention relates to a kind of back lighting device that is used for the spatial light modulator of local at least transmission.The invention still further relates to a kind of display that comprises this back lighting device.
US4616295 (Hewlett Packard) has described a kind of basic photoconduction (Fig. 1) that is used for display lighting.It comprises plate photoconduction, and this photoconduction is equipped with two fluorescent tubes, one at every end.This photoconduction has " frosting (frosting) ", and light is coupled to the outside through this frosting.The character of the document not open " frosting ".
US6904225 (Nichia) has described a kind of patterns of features that in photoconduction, prevents total internal reflection.This pattern is exclusively used in along the edge and the point source of light of uneven irradiation, like LED.This pattern increases characteristic density between LED, and is reducing characteristic density near the LED place, to improve uniformity.
JP2006/066282 (Sharp) has described a kind of plate photoconduction, and this photoconduction has fluorescent tube in relative end.In the lower surface of photoconduction, be cut with the rectilinear triangle groove.Groove face is a diffusive to a side of a fluorescent tube, and another side is reflexive.Under the situation that a fluorescent tube is opened, mainly be that the diffusion side is illuminated, thereby obtain the wide angle of departure.When another root fluorescent tube was opened, reflection side was illuminated, thereby produced the narrower angle of departure.
JP2002/131555 (Koike) has described a kind of template photoconduction, and it has two fluorescent tubes, and one at every end is used for photoconduction is thrown light on.This photoconduction comprises the even scattering medium that destroys total internal reflection, and the angle of departure of the rectilinear triangle structural change scattered light on the photoconduction end face.Do not point out that wherein triangular structure is used for light is coupled to the outside from photoconduction, and " evenly " scattering setting of photoconduction is not under any circumstance to obtain well evenly emission.
The scattering signatures that JP2001/332112 (Mitsubishi) has described a kind of template photoconduction and can form wedge shape, trapezoidal or triangular structure.This also can be applicable to one or two illumination fluorescent tubes.These structure control light are not still controlled direction of light property to the coupling of outside.And these characteristics are a kind of regular pattern (under the situation that does not have enough diffusions on the photoconduction, can see this pattern in principle), thereby and its size change with the position so that change the efficient of outwards coupling and keep uniformity.The problem than big-difference brought of characteristic size is: in manufacture process, must come to cut separately these characteristics by different way.This possibly be expensive and consuming time.
US6761461 and US6786613 (Minebea) have described a kind of template photoconduction of using with fluorescent tube lighting apparatus of being used for.Scattering signatures has the oblique triangle shape, and is modified to improve visual angle and directionality.But characteristic is a groove, but not single feature.In addition, the size of characteristic (being not shape or distribution) changes to change scattering efficiency with the position.
US6211929 (Enplas) has described a kind of tapered photoconduction, under this photoconduction, has side illumination device and reflector.Reflector is made up of fringe area.Through shady face before the suitable design, this can control direction of light property.Shady face can be prism or separate prisms sheet.This relates to independent reflector features.
US6667782 (IBM) has described a kind of back light system that is used for direction control.This back light system comprises fluorescent lighting device.Also comprise tapered light guides, on this photoconduction lower surface, be equipped with refracting layer.Be another refracting layer hereunder, its interface fluting, and serve as reflector.This relates to independent reflector features and refracting layer.
JP2004/288570 (Toshiba) has described a kind of tabular photoconduction, and it is bent with fluorescence and led light source.Draw characteristic and be restricted to the volume scattering characteristic in light control plate or the photoconduction.
Fig. 1 in the accompanying drawing shows the typical displays of known type, and it is used in the small-sized mobile device and the medium size installations like kneetop computer or monitoring arrangement and so on like mobile or " honeycomb " phone and personal digital assistant and so on.This display comprises the flat transmissive spatial light modulator (SLM) of liquid crystal display (LCD) panel 1 form, has input and output polarizer 2 and 3.Panel 1 has back lighting device, and the critical piece of this back lighting device is the brightness enhancement film 8 and 9 of photoconduction 4, light source or lighting device 5, rear reflector 6, diffusing device 7 and pair of orthogonal orientation.
Photoconduction with vertical plane, the plane of Fig. 1 in have the same with the viewing area of panel 1 at least big area or " size ", its thickness is much smaller than its other dimensions.Photoconduction 4 shown in Fig. 1 is " plate " type, its thickness on whole area much at one.Yet known photoconduction 4 also can be " awl " type, its thickness typically along with and directly linearity reduces in the face of the distance between the photoconduction end face of lighting device 5 increases.
Back lighting device shown in Fig. 1 comprises the single lighting device 5 that is provided with along an edge of photoconduction 4, and wherein photoconduction 4 is generally rectangle in plan view.Yet, can lighting device be set along end face, and a kind of known being provided with along the opposite edges of photoconduction 4 is provided with lighting device more than one.This lighting device 5 or each lighting device 5 generally include a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED) of cold-cathode fluorescence lamp (CCFL) or edge one or more photoconduction edge distribution.
Reflector 6 is positioned at after the photoconduction 4 but contact with it, and is generally high efficiency mirror type or diffusion disk type reflector.Reflector 6 makes from the light of photoconduction 4 back surface leakages and returns the entering photoconduction, thereby improves the utilization ratio of light.
Diffusing device 7 is used to improve the uniformity of light output, and provides than has angular field of view wideer under the diffusing device situation.Usually, display should be watched in " at axle (on-axis) " direction, and this direction is essentially the normal direction of the display surface of panel 1.Reinforcing membrane 8 and 9 is provided for light is directed to display normal or axially again, and takes the form of prism lens (lenticularprism) layer usually, and wherein prism is pressed orthogonal direction and is orientated.
The surface is provided with what " 10 " schematically showed and draws characteristic behind photoconduction 4 photoconductions.Yet this characteristic can be arranged on the front surface or two surfaces of photoconduction 4.This characteristic is taked the form of point, scratch or diffusive regions on photoconduction 4 arbitrary first type surfaces or two first type surfaces usually, and is used for destroying the total internal reflection (TIR) in the photoconduction 4, so that light is outputed to panel 1 from the front surface coupling of photoconduction 4.Characteristic 10 is set to from front surface light output quite uniformly is provided usually, be not enough to usually directly use with panel 1 but export the uniformity of light on suitable direction, thereby diffusing device 7 and reinforcing membrane 8 and 9 is necessary.
Fig. 2 in the accompanying drawing shows has the light guide performance that the typical case draws the typical photoconduction 4 of characteristic 10, so that the necessity of explanation diffusing device 7 and reinforcing membrane 8 and 9.Particularly, the curved needle among Fig. 2 shows the relation from light emission (arbitrary unit) vs. angle of departure (is unit with the degree) of photoconduction 4 to a series of typical characteristic sizes, wherein below this curve map, shows orientation.Therefore, typical scattering signatures 10 makes optically-coupled go out photoconduction 4, wherein most of light the normal direction with the output surface of photoconduction 4 or front surface become 40 ° of angles around outgoing.This performance is normally unacceptable, and needs to use diffusing device 7 and reinforcing membrane 8 and 9.
According to a first aspect of the invention; A kind of back lighting device of the spatial light modulator of part transmission at least that is used for is provided; Comprise at least one first light source and non-flat forms photoconduction; Said non-flat forms photoconduction has the surface first time that is used to export preceding first type surface, the rear major face of light and is used for importing from said at least one first light source light; Said front surface is a non-flat forms, thereby because it is can not being in the single plane of on-plane surface, at least one surface has a plurality of recessed characteristics in said front surface and the surface, back; Each said recessed characteristic is limited on a plurality of surfaces that extend into photoconduction from first type surface; The first surface that each recessed characteristic in first group of said a plurality of recessed characteristics has substantial planar, said first surface is surperficial in the face of for the first time, and has first inclination angle with respect to first type surface in the section at this characteristic place; The orientation of this first surface makes the light will come from said at least one first light source reflect photoconduction, at least one characteristic in said first group have with first group in the first different inclination angle of at least one other characteristic.
Back surface can have at least some in the said characteristic.Back surface can have all said characteristics.The first surface of the characteristic in the back surface can be oriented to light towards front surface reflection and pass through front surface.
Said at least one characteristic can be different with said at least one other characteristic and surperficial for the first time distance.
The section at said at least one characteristic and said at least one other characteristic place can be not parallel.
First inclination angle can be set to reduce leave the angular spread of the light of front surface.
For the most of light that comes from said at least one first light source, back surface can be essentially total internal reflection.
Photoconduction can have at least one first, and the front surface of said at least one first is a concave surface, and the surface, back is a convex surface.The front surface of said at least one first can be a column with the surface, back.With respect to said at least one characteristic, said at least one other characteristic can be from for the first time the surface be far away, and can have the first less inclination angle.
Photoconduction can have at least one second portion, and the front surface of said at least one second portion is a convex surface, and the surface, back is a concave surface.The front surface of said at least one second portion can be a column with the surface, back.With respect to said at least one characteristic, said at least one other characteristic can be from for the first time the surface be far away, and can have the first bigger inclination angle.
Photoconduction can have at least one smooth third part.
First inclination angle can change with surperficial for the first time distance along with characteristic.
Said recessed characteristic can be set to the light that leaves photoconduction is guided along the direction identical with respect to photoconduction essence.As possibility, first group and second group of can be set on photoconduction, distribute of said recessed characteristic, and be set to the light that leaves photoconduction is guided along first and second different directions with respect to photoconduction in fact respectively.
Photoconduction can have the essence constant thickness.As possibility, the thickness of photoconduction can be along with increasing with surperficial for the first time distance and reducing.
This back lighting device can comprise at least one secondary light source, and said photoconduction has the surface second time that is used for from said at least one secondary light source input light.Said first and second subsurfaces can comprise the photoconduction front faces facing each other.The second surface that each characteristic in second group of said characteristic can have substantial planar; Said second surface is surperficial in the face of for the second time; And has second inclination angle in the section at this characteristic place with respect to first type surface; The orientation of this second surface makes the light will come from said at least one light source reflect photoconduction, at least one characteristic in said second group have with second group in the second different inclination angle of at least one other characteristic.
Said at least one characteristic in second group can be different with said at least one other characteristic and surperficial for the second time distance.
Said at least one characteristic in second group and the section at said at least one other characteristic place can be not parallel.
Second inclination angle can be set to reduce leave the angular spread of the light of front surface.
For photoconduction with at least one first; The front surface of wherein said at least one first is that concave surface and surface, back are convex surface; With respect to said at least one characteristic in second group; Said at least one other characteristic in second group can be from for the second time the surface be far away, and can have the second less inclination angle.
For photoconduction with at least one second portion; The front surface of wherein said at least one second portion is that convex surface and surface, back are concave surface; With respect to said at least one characteristic in second group; Said at least one other characteristic in second group can be from for the second time the surface be far away, and can have the second bigger inclination angle.
Second inclination angle can change with surperficial for the second time distance along with characteristic.
Second group can comprise all said characteristics.
First group can comprise all said characteristics.
Said characteristic can have identical bottom in first type surface.
The superficial density of first surface can be along with increasing and increase with surperficial for the first time distance.
The superficial density of second surface can be along with increasing and increase with surperficial for the second time distance.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of display is provided, has comprised according to the back lighting device of first aspect present invention and the spatial light modulator of part transmission at least.
Said modulator can be a liquid-crystal apparatus.
This display can comprise the single brightness enhancement film that is arranged between back lighting device and the modulator.
Therefore, a kind of back lighting device of non-flat forms can be provided, thereby can control the required angular field of view that its angular light spread is improved display.This makes and can use more weak diffusing device, and need not in back lighting device is the face of non-flat forms, any other brightness enhancement techniques to be provided.In some applications, can omit conventional two reinforcing membrane using.Therefore, the back lighting device that can provide thinner, cost is lower.
In addition, need not special brightness enhancement film structure.Be provided with under the situation of single film, it can be general type.This set makes non-flat display can have good viewing angle properties, and its thickness and cost decline.
In this article, when term " non-flat forms " is used to call photoconduction or display, represent that output surface is nonplanar device at least, thereby it can not be in the single plane.Usually, photoconduction and display pannel are thinner relatively, have the typically same or similar apparent surface of profile.When mentioning photoconduction, output surface is that non-flat forms means that it can not be in the single plane at least, and similarly " parallel " shape will be followed in the surface, back usually, thus thickness substantially constant or gradual change relatively.Therefore, the display of type shown in Figure 1 is smooth, because the output of panel 1 or imaging surface are smooth, this is because it can be in the single plane.Similarly, photoconduction 4 shown in Figure 1 is smooth, because its output surface can be in the single plane similarly.
The present invention also not exclusively relates to non-flat forms photoconduction (being used for using with the non-flat forms display unit that has respective profile usually).Photoconduction can be in one dimension or two dimension continuous bend, perhaps can comprise a plurality of parts, wherein at least some parts can be smooth.In fact, all parts all can be smooth, need only their not coplanes and not parallel.
Here employed term " recessed (face) " and " protruding (face) " are its most frequently used implication, only if context exists other to need.Particularly, " recessed (face) " is meant and curves inwardly, and " protruding (face) " is outwardly-bent.Limiting these curved surfaces can be continuous bend, perhaps can be through the multi-plane structure of crooked and/or smooth facet or surface formation.
Fig. 1 is the display of known type and the schematic section of back lighting device;
Fig. 2 is the light output of photoconduction in the display shown in Figure 1 and the graph of a relation between the angle of departure;
Fig. 3 constitutes the display of the embodiment of the invention and the schematic section of back lighting device;
Figure 4 and 5 are schematic sections of drawing characteristic of photoconduction among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 shows the general shape of drawing characteristic and the sketch map of bottom;
Fig. 7 is light output and the graph of a relation between the angular direction of drawing under the characteristic different angle;
Fig. 8 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Fig. 9 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Figure 10 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Figure 11 constitutes the display of the embodiment of the invention and the schematic section of back lighting device;
Figure 12 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Figure 13 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Figure 14 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Figure 15 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction;
Figure 16 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction; And
Figure 17 is the lighting device that can in the display of type shown in Figure 3 and back lighting device, use and the schematic section of photoconduction.
Fig. 3 shows a kind of display, and the main distinction of itself and display shown in Figure 1 is that this display is not is smooth.Particularly, in this embodiment, display is around the single bending shaft vertical with figure plane.Therefore, LCD 1 has the output surface of cylindrical bending, and has the thickness of substantial constant.Input and output polarizer 2 and 3 respective curved, photoconduction 4, reflector 6, diffusing device 7 and reinforcing membrane 8 are so same.Another difference of the display of Fig. 3 is that diffusing device 7 is than the diffusing device a little less than the diffusing device required among Fig. 1, and only needs monolithic reinforcing membrane 8.In addition, the structure of photoconduction 4 is different with structure shown in Figure 1 among Fig. 3.This display is a concave surface, because when the viewing areas in display the place ahead is watched, the plane of delineation is a concave surface.
As among Fig. 3 with shown in the magnification ratio, draw characteristic 10 and be the recessed characteristic in the surfaces, photoconduction 4 back.As shown in Figure 4, each characteristic 10 has first surface 11, and it is in the face of the light input end face 12 of photoconduction 4, thereby the 13 wide bodies propagated through photoconduction 4 propagate into first surface 11 from lighting device 5 along general direction.The back surface of first surface 11 and photoconduction 4 is the inclination angle shown in 15 one-tenth 14 in the section at characteristic 10 places.Each characteristic 10 has second surface 16, in this embodiment, this second surface 16 be in section 15 basic plane orthogonal in.But second surface 16 can have other orientations, other orientations of for example selecting for the ease of manufacturing.
As shown in Figure 5, characteristic 10 controls make and export towards front surface reflection and from front surface from the light of surface reflection behind the photoconduction from the total internal reflection on surface 11.Other surfaces with photoconduction 4 are the same, and the surface of characteristic 10 is refractive surfaces, comes from total internal reflection from these surperficial reflections.Need not to carry out special surface treatment makes the surface as 11 be reflectivity.
Fig. 6 shows the shape of these characteristics, and these characteristics have typically " bottom (foot print) " on the back surface of photoconduction 4, should " bottom " be square, and have same size everywhere at photoconduction.In this example, the bottom of each characteristic be 20 microns square.Characteristic 20 is shown as with regular pattern and arranges, but can otherwise arrange alternatively, for example with at random or pseudo-random patterns be arranged as lenticule group (lenticules).Characteristic has the superficial density in order to realize that light output more uniformly distributes or institute's light requirement output distributes.
Fig. 7 shows the characteristic performance of drawing under the inclination angle situation that takes on a different character with respect to local tangential plane (definition normal direction).As shown in Figure 3, the inclination angle of drawing characteristic 10 changes on photoconduction 4, particularly, changes from the distance between the input end face 12 of 4 processes of lighting device 5 introducing photoconductions along with sharing the same light.Front surface at photoconduction 4 shown in Figure 3 is that concave surface is then surperficial under " concave display " situation of convex surface, and the inclination angle (with respect to local tangential plane) that recessed characteristic 10 is had progressively reduces towards characteristic such as 10b away from surface 12 from characteristic such as the 10a near surface 12.In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the inclination angle along with and the distance of surface between 12 increase and progressively reduce.Yet the inclination angle can step-by-step system changes, wherein respectively organize adjacent feature and have identical inclination angle, and the inclination angle between the group along with and surface 12 between distance increase and progressively reduce.
As stated, select the distribution of characteristic 10, with relatively evenly light output or any other the light requirement distribution of realization from photoconduction 4 outputs.For example, superficial density (characteristic of per unit area) can along with and the distance of surface between 12 increase and increase.
The inclination angle on the surface 11 of characteristic 10 is drawn in selection, to realize that required optic angle from photoconduction 4 outputs is to distribution.For example, can select the inclination angle, make light output is concentrated on image display surface on the normal orientation in the section of this display middle, thereby provide high-high brightness for watching at axle.Therefore, light is concentrated in this " display normal " direction, although local approach changes on direction to (with respect to local tangential plane) relative display normal.For example; Be under 200 millimeters the situation of 2.6 inches displays of typical case in the one dimension radius of curvature; The inclination angle of characteristic can change about 39 ° to about 51 ° to another edge from an edge of display, so that light is concentrated to display normal or watch the direction of axle to parallel.
Because photoconduction 4 focuses on the required angular field of view of display with light, diffusing device 7 need not in the known displays of type as shown in Figure 1 such strong.In addition, in the plane of Fig. 3, do not need brightness to strengthen, therefore need not to be used for the reinforcing membrane of this function.Optic angle in the monolithic reinforcing membrane 8 control plane vertical with the plane of Fig. 3 is to diffusion.
Therefore, can provide and have the non-flat display of well watching performance.Particularly, light can focus on required view direction, thereby provides bright relatively image to show.Weak relatively diffusing device is just enough, has therefore promoted optical efficiency, and has only needed a slice reinforcing membrane, thereby thinner, more cheap display can be provided.
Fig. 8 shows the protruding photoconduction 4 that can use with the convex surface display, and all " recessed " elements shown in Figure 3 in this convex surface display substitute by corresponding " protruding " element.Therefore, when the normal direction view direction in display the place ahead is watched, this display provides the protruding plane of delineation.
Protruding photoconduction 4 has protruding front surface 4a and the recessed surperficial 4b in back.With with recessed photoconduction in identical mode, the recessed characteristic 10 of drawing is set in the back surperficial 4b of protruding photoconduction.Yet the difference of these characteristics is: the inclination angle increases towards characteristic such as 10b away from surface 12 from characteristic such as the 10a near input surface 12.The distribution of characteristic also can be to make light output uniformly is provided on waveguide front surface 4a relatively, and selects the inclination angle, so as with the light guiding for main and display normal or spool parallel, as shown in arrow 20.
Lighting device 5 can be a strip, and one of can be along the edge of photoconduction 4 extends.For example, this lighting device can comprise cold-cathode fluorescence lamp and reflector.As a kind of alternative, lighting device 5 can comprise a plurality of small light sources such as the light emitting diode that is provided with at interval along the edge.In some applications, it is acceptable only along an edge of display lighting device being set.Yet, in other are used, maybe or possibly hope illumination to be provided along many edges of photoconduction 4.For example, shown in Fig. 9 and 10, can lighting device 5a and 5b be set along the opposing end surface 12a and the 12b of photoconduction.
Fig. 9 shows the situation of protruding photoconduction 4.In this case, each recessed characteristic 10 of drawing has and is used for second surface 16 that light is guided out the first surface 11 of photoconduction and is used for light is guided out from " right side " lighting device 5b photoconduction from " left side " lighting device 5a.Fig. 9 illustrates in greater detail that photoconduction is 4 left and right, the middle part draw characteristic 10a, 10b and 10c, more to be clearly shown that relative inclination angle.Therefore, the inclination angle on surface 11 is along with the distance with the surperficial 12a of input increases and increases, and the inclination angle on surface 16 is along with the distance with the surperficial 12b of input increases and increases.Each variation of drawing surface 11 and 16 both inclination angles of characteristic 10 makes the light on the front surface 4a of photoconduction 4 is directed to the narrow relatively angular spread scope around display normal or axle.
Under the situation of recessed photoconduction 4 shown in Figure 10, the inclination angle on surface 11 reduces to the surperficial 12b of input from importing surperficial 12a, and the inclination angle on surface 16 reduces to surperficial 12a from surperficial 12b.For the characteristic 10c in the curved surface middle of photoconduction 4, surface 11 is identical with 16 inclination angle.In fact, for the characteristic 10c in the protruding photoconduction shown in Figure 9, the inclination angle equally can be identical.
Photoconduction 4 shown in Figure 3 is " plate " type, and it has substantially invariable thickness.Yet, can use tapered photoconduction, it has been shown among Figure 11 has been used for the example of concave display.The thickness of photoconduction 4 reduces gradually, makes thickness reduce gradually in the thinnest part away from the edge on surface 12 towards it at input surperficial 12 thick from it.
In described embodiment before this, photoconduction 4 is included as the single part of column concave surface or convex surface, so that corresponding with the shape of LCD 1.Yet, comprise that other non-flat forms shapes of a plurality of parts also can be used for display, and photoconduction can be shaped suitably.The example of other shapes is shown in Figure 12 to 16.
Figure 12 shows and comprises three flats 4 1, 4 2With 4 3" protruding " photoconduction 4.First 4 1Draw characteristic 10a and can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can with and input surface 12 between distance change.Second portion 4 2Characteristic 10c have the inclination angle bigger than characteristic 10a, and can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can be in part 4 2Last change.Third part 4 3Characteristic 10b have the inclination angle bigger than characteristic 10c, and can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can change on this part.
Figure 13 shows and also comprises and be smooth first, second and third part 4 1, 4 2With 4 3" recessed " photoconduction 4.First 4 1Characteristic 10a can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can change on this part.Second portion 4 2Characteristic 10c have the inclination angle littler than characteristic 10a, and can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can change on this part.Third part 4 3Characteristic 10b have the inclination angle littler than characteristic 10c, and can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can change on this part.
Figure 14 shows has first flat 4 1, second convex portion 4 2With the 3rd flat 4 3Photoconduction 4.First 4 1Characteristic 10a can have identical inclination angle, perhaps the inclination angle can change on this part.Second portion 4 2Characteristic 10c the inclination angle along with and input surface 12 between distance increase and increase.Part 4 2The characteristic 10c of middle has and the essentially identical angle in the inclination angle of characteristic 10a usually.Third part 4 3Characteristic 10b can have mutually the same and identical inclination angle with the inclination angle of characteristic 10a, perhaps the inclination angle can change on this part.
Figure 15 shows photoconduction 4 shown in Figure 14 " recessed " equivalent.Therefore, the difference of the photoconduction among the photoconduction among Figure 15 4 and Figure 14 is: second portion 4 2Be concave surface, the inclination angle of its characteristic 10c along with and input surface 12 between distance increase and reduce.The inclination angle of characteristic 10a and 10b can be equal basically each other, and with part 4 2The inclination angle of middle characteristic is equal basically.
Photoconduction 4 shown in Figure 16 has general S tee section, and comprises the first little planar edge part 4 1, second convex portion 4 2, the 3rd concave portion 4 3, and the 4th little planar edge part 4 4Marginal portion 4 1With 4 4Have characteristic 10a and 10b, characteristic 10a and 10b can have same or analogous inclination angle, these inclination angles also can with second with third part 4 2With 4 3The inclination angle of middle characteristic 10c and 10d is same or similar.Second portion 4 2Characteristic the inclination angle along with and input surface 12 between distance increase and increase, and third part 4 3Characteristic the inclination angle along with and input surface 12 between distance increase and reduce.
As said before this, characteristic 10 is arranged so that the light of photoconduction 4 output focuses on along in the relatively little angular range of the single direction direction of principal axis of watching of display (that is, along).Yet, can characteristic 10 be arranged so that light focuses on angular range or the direction more than.For example, this photoconduction can be used on along different directions provides in the used back lighting device of the display of different views of different images.This display can be used as automatic stereo (autosteroscopic) display, is used to show two (or more) three-dimensional views, and these views need be visible so that 3D effect is provided to observer's eyes.Other application comprise multi-view display, and wherein the beholder need see independently image in different viewing location.For example, vehicle-mounted dual view display can be arranged in the vehicle, and is used to make driver and passenger to see pictures different or image sequence.In this application, the beholder is away from display axis.
Disclosed before this any photoconduction can be modified or be set to light is focused on two or more different directions, and Figure 17 shows such example, wherein for this purpose photoconduction shown in Figure 34 is revised.In this case, two groups of being set on photoconduction 4 to distribute of characteristic 10.Wherein the inclination angle of one group characteristic such as 10a makes light leave photoconduction 4 along direction 20a, and the characteristic of another group such as 10b make light leave photoconduction along direction 20b.Two groups the inclination angle of drawing characteristic 10a and 10b changes on photoconduction 4, makes that will export light focuses on both direction 20a and 20b.Though these directions are shown as to tilt to and watch or each side of display axis, one of these directions can be parallel to axle, and other direction can be angled with axle.In addition, can be provided with, light is directed to different directions more than two more than two groups.
1. one kind is used for the back lighting device of the spatial light modulator of part transmission at least, comprises at least one first light source and non-flat forms photoconduction,
Said non-flat forms photoconduction has the surface first time that is used to export preceding first type surface, the rear major face of light and is used for importing from said at least one first light source light; First type surface is a non-flat forms before said; To such an extent as to thereby preceding first type surface is can not being in the single plane of on-plane surface
At least one first type surface has a plurality of recessed characteristics in said preceding first type surface and the rear major face, and each said recessed characteristic is limited on a plurality of surfaces that extend into photoconduction from the first type surface with this recessed characteristic,
The first surface that each recessed characteristic in first group of said a plurality of recessed characteristics has substantial planar; Said first surface is surperficial in the face of for the first time; And has first inclination angle in the section at this recessed characteristic place with respect to first type surface with this recessed characteristic; The orientation of this first surface makes the light that will come from said at least one first light source reflect photoconduction
At least one recessed characteristic in said first group have with first group in the first different inclination angle of at least one other recessed characteristic,
With respect to said at least one recessed characteristic, said at least one other recessed characteristic are from for the first time the surface is far away, and have the first less inclination angle, and
Said non-flat forms photoconduction has at least one first; The front surface of said at least one first is a concave surface; The surface, back is a convex surface, and said recessed characteristic is arranged to light output is concentrated on image display surface on the normal orientation in the section of display middle.
2. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, rear major face has at least some said recessed characteristics.
3. back lighting device according to claim 2, wherein, rear major face has all said recessed characteristics.
4. back lighting device according to claim 2, wherein, the first surface of the recessed characteristic in the rear major face is oriented to light towards preceding first type surface reflection and through preceding first type surface.
5. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, said at least one recessed characteristic is different with surperficial for the first time distance with said at least one other recessed characteristic.
6. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, the section at said at least one recessed characteristic and said at least one other recessed characteristic place is not parallel.
7. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, the angular spread of the light of first type surface before first inclination angle is set to reduce to leave.
8. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, for the most of light that comes from said at least one first light source, rear major face is essentially total internal reflection.
9. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, the front surface of said at least one first is a column with the surface, back.
10. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, photoconduction has at least one second portion, and the front surface of said at least one second portion is a convex surface, and the surface, back is a concave surface.
11. back lighting device according to claim 10, wherein, the front surface of said at least one second portion is a column with the surface, back.
12. back lighting device according to claim 10, wherein, with respect to said at least one recessed characteristic, said at least one other recessed characteristic are from for the first time the surface is far away, and have the first bigger inclination angle.
13. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, photoconduction has at least one smooth third part.
14. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, first inclination angle is along with recessed characteristic changes with surperficial for the first time distance.
15. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, first group and second group of being set on photoconduction, distribute of said recessed characteristic, and be set to the light that leaves photoconduction is guided along first and second different directions with respect to photoconduction in fact respectively.
16. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, photoconduction has the essence constant thickness.
17. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, the thickness of photoconduction is along with increasing with surperficial for the first time distance and reducing.
18. back lighting device according to claim 1 comprises at least one secondary light source, said photoconduction has the surface second time that is used for from said at least one secondary light source input light.
19. back lighting device according to claim 18, wherein, said first and second subsurfaces comprise the front faces facing each other of photoconduction.
20. back lighting device according to claim 18, wherein,
The second surface that each recessed characteristic in second group of said recessed characteristic has substantial planar; Said second surface is surperficial in the face of for the second time; And has second inclination angle in the section at this recessed characteristic place with respect to first type surface with this recessed characteristic; The orientation of this second surface makes the light that will come from said at least one secondary light source reflect photoconduction
At least one recessed characteristic in said second group have with second group in the second different inclination angle of at least one other recessed characteristic.
21. back lighting device according to claim 20, wherein, said at least one the recessed characteristic in second group and said at least one other recessed characteristic and the distance on surface is different for the second time.
22. back lighting device according to claim 20, wherein, said at least one the recessed characteristic in second group and the section at said at least one other recessed characteristic place are not parallel.
23. back lighting device according to claim 20, wherein, the angular spread of the light of first type surface before second inclination angle is set to reduce to leave.
24. back lighting device according to claim 20, wherein, photoconduction has at least one first, and the front surface of said at least one first is a concave surface, and the surface, back is a convex surface, and
With respect to said at least one the recessed characteristic in second group, said at least one other the recessed characteristic in second group are from the surface is far away for the second time, and have the second less inclination angle.
25. back lighting device according to claim 20, wherein, second inclination angle is along with recessed characteristic changes with surperficial for the second time distance.
26. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, first group comprises all said recessed characteristics.
27. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, said recessed characteristic has identical bottom in having the first type surface of this recessed characteristic.
28. back lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, the superficial density of first surface is along with increasing and increase with surperficial for the first time distance.
29. back lighting device according to claim 20, wherein, the superficial density of second surface is along with increasing and increase with surperficial for the second time distance.
30. a display comprises the back lighting device described in aforementioned each claim and the spatial light modulator of part transmission at least.
31. display according to claim 30, wherein, said modulator is a liquid-crystal apparatus.
32. display according to claim 30 comprises the single brightness enhancement film that is arranged between back lighting device and the modulator.
CN2007800425245A 2006-11-20 2007-11-07 Backlight and display CN101542191B (en)
GB0622990A GB2443849A (en) 2006-11-20 2006-11-20 Backlight and display
GB0622990.0 2006-11-20
PCT/JP2007/072055 WO2008062695A1 (en) 2006-11-20 2007-11-07 Backlight and display
CN101542191A CN101542191A (en) 2009-09-23
CN101542191B true CN101542191B (en) 2012-05-23
ID=37605503
CN2007800425245A CN101542191B (en) 2006-11-20 2007-11-07 Backlight and display
US (1) US20100157577A1 (en)
JP (1) JP4980425B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101542191B (en)
GB (1) GB2443849A (en)
WO (1) WO2008062695A1 (en)
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2006-11-20 GB GB0622990A patent/GB2443849A/en not_active Withdrawn
2007-11-07 US US12/515,134 patent/US20100157577A1/en not_active Abandoned
2007-11-07 WO PCT/JP2007/072055 patent/WO2008062695A1/en active Application Filing
2007-11-07 CN CN2007800425245A patent/CN101542191B/en active IP Right Grant
2007-11-07 JP JP2009521040A patent/JP4980425B2/en active Active
JP特开2000-214458A 2000.08.04
JP特开2003-141922A 2003.05.16
JP特开2004-207130A 2004.07.22
JP2010509707A (en) 2010-03-25
JP4980425B2 (en) 2012-07-18
US20100157577A1 (en) 2010-06-24
CN101542191A (en) 2009-09-23
GB0622990D0 (en) 2006-12-27
WO2008062695A1 (en) 2008-05-29
GB2443849A (en) 2008-05-21