Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN103026080B/en
Timestamp: 2018-02-24 16:30:16
Document Index: 493710131

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 11', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'arts 11', 'arts 11', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 27', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 12', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art 44', 'art 11', 'art 11']

CN103026080B - A nut member and the combinations of bolts and nuts - Google Patents
A nut member and the combinations of bolts and nuts
CN103026080B
CN103026080B CN 201180035327 CN201180035327A CN103026080B CN 103026080 B CN103026080 B CN 103026080B CN 201180035327 CN201180035327 CN 201180035327 CN 201180035327 A CN201180035327 A CN 201180035327A CN 103026080 B CN103026080 B CN 103026080B
CN 201180035327
CN103026080A (en )
E.弗伦肯
古斯塔夫.克劳克有限责任公司
本发明首先涉及一种螺母，其具有第一零件（11）和第二零件（12），所述第一零件（11）具有第一通孔（O1），而所述第二零件（12）包括具有孔轮廓的第二孔（O2），其中所述零件（11、12）绕穿过所述孔（O1，O2）的旋转轴（A）可旋转地连接，而且所述孔（O1，O2）互相重叠，同时，第一孔（O1）此外还在其内表面上具有沿圆周方向延伸且沿圆周方向断开的异形轮廓。 The present invention relates to a first nut having a first part (11) and a second part (12), said first part (11) having a first through hole (O1 of), and the second zero member (12) comprises a bore hole having a second profile (the O2), wherein said part (11, 12) through a rotation about the axis (a) of the bore (O1, O2) is rotatably connected, and the orifice (O1, O2) overlapped with each other, while the first aperture (O1 of) furthermore having a circumferential direction and extending in a circumferential direction disconnected profiled contour on its inner surface also. 为了提供一种可快速安装到螺栓上且凭借简单的构造能够实现较高牢固程度、从而防止从螺栓上脱卸的螺母，建议，第二孔的孔轮廓是非圆的。 In order to provide a quick and mounted on the bolt with a simple structure can be achieved a high degree of strong, thereby preventing the detachment of the bolt from the nut, is recommended, the profile of the second bore hole is non-circular. 此外，本发明还涉及一种具有横断面的螺栓（4）与螺母（10）的组合。 The present invention further relates to compositions having a cross-section of the bolt (4) and the nut (10).
螺母以及螺栓件与螺母的组合 A nut member and the combinations of bolts and nuts
[0001] 本发明首先涉及一种螺母，其具有第一零件和第二零件，所述第一零件具有第一通孔，而所述第二零件具有包含孔轮廓的第二孔，其中所述零件可绕穿过孔的旋转轴互相旋转地连接，而且所述孔是重叠的，同时，第一孔此外还在其内表面上具有沿圆周方向延伸且沿圆周方向断开的异形轮廓。 [0001] The present invention relates to a first nut having a first part and a second part, the first part having a first through hole, and said second part having a second bore hole profile comprising wherein each rotation of the rotary shaft part rotatable about the through hole connection, the holes are overlapping and, at the same time, also being the first hole having an inner surface extending in the circumferential direction and in the circumferential direction of the OFF shaped profile.
[0002] 这种螺母例如可从US2009/0226281A1中公知。 [0002] Such a nut may be, for example, known from US2009 / 0226281A1. 在这种公知的螺母中，在第一零件上设置了在部分圆周上延伸的螺纹段，其中将所述螺纹段布设成可相对于第一零件活动的，尤其垂直移动的。 In this known nut, the first thread segments extending part is provided on a portion of the circumference, wherein the thread segments may be laid out relative to the first part of the activity, in particular vertically movable. 第二零件构成了用于对螺纹段施加作用的压簧的挡铁。 The second part constitutes a limit stopper for the spring action applied to the thread segments. 可以将公知的螺母推移到螺栓上，此时退缩的螺纹段可以使得螺纹超程。 The nut may be well-known to the passage of the bolt, the thread segments may be back at this time so that the threaded overtravel. 如果随后旋转螺母，螺纹段与螺栓的螺纹嵌接，就可以拧紧螺母了。 If the nut is then rotated, the threads of the threaded section of the bolt engagement, the nut can be tightened. 另外设计一种可与第一零件转动地连接的垫圈，所述垫圈为此与一种形状闭合地固定在螺母上的弹簧室连接，在拧紧螺母且将垫圈平放在待夹紧对象上时，会根据弹簧的夹紧力，沿锁紧方向为螺母带来持续的预夹紧力，从而防止松开。 A further design washer rotatably connected to the first part, for this connection the washer fixed to the nut closed with a shape in a spring chamber, in the washer and the nut is screwed flat on an object to be clamped when, will lead to continued according to the pre-clamping force of the clamping force of the spring, in the direction of the lock nut to prevent loosening.
[0003] 还可以公知其它结构的螺母防脱卸系统。 [0003] The nut can also known other structures for preventing detachment system. 例如可以参阅DE19701317B4、EP2128461AUDE19825132A1 以及FR2762367A1。 For example you can see DE19701317B4, EP2128461AUDE19825132A1 and FR2762367A1.
[0004] 以此为出发点，本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种可快速安装到螺栓上且凭借简单的构造能够较可靠地防止从螺栓上脱卸的螺母。 [0004] as a starting point, the present invention is to solve the technical problem is to provide a quick and mounted on the bolt with a simple structure can be more reliably prevented from detachment of the bolt nut.
[0005] 按照本发明的第一设计思想，在一种具有下列特征的对象上给出对该技术问题的一种可行性解决方案，即第二零件的孔形状是非圆的。 [0005] According to a first design of the present invention there is provided a feasible solution to the technical problem on an object having the following characteristics, i.e. the shape of the hole part of the second non-circular.
[0006] 基于第二零件非圆的孔轮廓，螺栓至少可以在其自由的导入端，具有与之匹配的轮廓。 [0006] Based on the second part of the non-circular contour of the hole, the bolt may be introduced into at least the free end, having a matching profile. 上述螺栓与第二零件的或许设有相互配合间隙的轮廓，在螺母以上述方式旋转时，使得第二零件不一起旋转。 And the second part of the bolt may cooperate with the profile of the gap, when the nut is rotated in the manner described above, so that the second part does not rotate together. 可以将此使用在各个方面。 This can be used in various ways. 最简单的，例如在颜色或者几何形状上进行进一步设计，可以例如当作指示器，告诉使用者，要对螺母进行必要的旋转以阻止螺母脱卸。 Simple, for example, on a further color or design geometry may be used as an indicator for example, tell the user to perform the necessary rotation of the nut to prevent the nut detachment. 不需要特别的构造，就可以识别出第一和第二零件相互之间的相对转动。 No special configuration, can be identified relative rotation between the first and second parts to each other. 优选使异形轮廓与第一零件固定地连接，或者进一步优选与之构造成一体式的。 Preferably shaped so that the contour of the first part is fixedly connected to, or further preferably configured in one piece therewith.
[0007] 以此获得一种便于安装到螺栓上的锁紧螺母。 [0007] in order to obtain an easy to install the lock nut on the bolt. 根据螺母的旋转，提供防脱卸保障，同时可以将第二零件非圆的孔轮廓应用于此，使得第二零件不会一起旋转，并且从中受益。 The rotation of the nut, preventing detachment providing security, while the second part of the non-circular profile may be applied to this hole, so that the second part does not rotate together, and benefit.
[0008] 另一方面，本发明还涉及一种具有圆周轮廓且设有沿圆周方向定向的异形轮廓的螺栓件与螺母的组合，其中所述螺母具有第一零件和第二零件，所述第一零件具有通孔，所述通孔具有在内表面上沿圆周方向定向的异形轮廓，所述第二零件包括具有孔轮廓的第二孔，同时所述零件此外还绕穿过孔的旋转轴相互可旋转地连接，并且所述孔是重叠的。 [0008] In another aspect, the present invention also relates to a combination of a bolt and provided with a circumferential contour of the nut member in the circumferential direction oriented shaped profile, wherein the nut has a first part and a second part, the said first part having a through hole, the through hole has a profiled contour oriented in the circumferential direction on the inner surface, said second part comprises a second hole having a hole profile, while the part around the through furthermore rotatable shaft hole rotatably connected to each other, and the holes are overlapping.
[0009] 鉴于本文开头已述的现有技术，就此还提出下列技术问题，即提供一种这样的螺栓件与螺母的组合，所述组合能够使螺母便于套装到螺栓件上且凭借简单的构造带来防脱卸保障。 [0009] In view of the prior art beginning already described herein, this further makes the following technical problem, i.e. to provide a combination of such a bolt member and the nut, the nut facilitating the combination can be placed onto the bolt member with a simple configuration, and bring anti-detachable protection.
[0010] 按照本发明的另一设计思想，在具有下列特征的对象上提供对该技术问题的一种可行性解决方案，即第二零件的孔轮廓是非圆的，而且使螺栓的圆周轮廓与第二零件的孔轮廓相匹配，从而使得螺栓件可以插入孔中，但是不能在其中旋转。 [0010] According to a further idea of ​​the present invention, there is provided a feasible solution to the technical problem on an object with the following characteristics, i.e., the second part of the contour is non-circular hole, but also the circumferential contour of the bolt matches the profile of the second part of the hole, so that the bolt member can be inserted into the hole, but can not rotate therein. 由此可以以简单的方式将螺母推移到螺栓件上，并且随后这样旋转，即，使得螺母和螺栓件的异形轮廓相互嵌接，同时在进行这种旋转时，第二零件不跟随第一零件旋转，从而在最一般的情况下，如上面已进一步加以说明的那样，可以将第二零件当作指示器使用，用来告知螺母已被锁紧在螺栓件上，也就是异形轮廓相互嵌接，而且不另外进行旋转或者反转，螺母是不可能从螺栓上脱卸的。 When a simple manner whereby the passage of the nut onto the bolt member, and then this rotation, i.e., so that the nut and bolt member shaped contour mutual engagement, while this rotation is performed, without the second part follows the first rotating parts, so that in the most general case, as already described above be further, the second part may be used as an indicator, it has been used to tell the locking nut on the bolt member, which is shaped contour engage in one another, and do not otherwise or reverse rotation, the nut is not possible from the detachment of the bolt.
[0011] 考虑到螺栓件在第二零件的孔中缺乏旋转性，尽管如此，旋转较小的度数，例如0.1至20的度数，还是可以的。 [0011] Taking into account the lack of rotation of the screw member in the bore in the second part, however, a small degree of rotation, for example from 0.1 to 20 degrees, or possible. 重要的是，由于缺乏旋转性，当螺栓件旋转到螺母中时，将发生第二零件被螺栓一起牵走的情况。 Importantly, due to the lack of rotation, rotation of the bolt when the nut member, where the second part is pulled by the bolt will occur together.
[0012] 接下来，先对螺母加以说明，随后对上述的螺母与螺栓件的组合的其他细节加以说明。 [0012] Next, the nut will be described first, followed by other details will be described in combination above the nut and bolt member. 对螺母的说明，包括上述的，在两种情形下有意义，因为所有被说明的螺母的构造，可以在上述的组合中实现，也可以在单个的螺母中实现。 Description of the nut, including the above, in both cases significant, as all nuts are described configuration, the above may be implemented in combination, may be implemented in a single nut. 相应地，对螺栓件的说明，在任何情况下对于螺母的说明以及上述组合的独立性也具有意义。 Accordingly, the description of the bolt member, in any case have significance for the independence of the above-described composition and a nut. 此处涉及的螺母的主要构造，尤其异形轮廓以及第一和第二零件的对应配合及其构造，还可以构建在一种可以旋转但是也可以设计成固定的板形件上。 The main structure herein relates to a nut, in particular shaped profile and first and second part and a corresponding mating structure may also be constructed in a way, but may also be designed as a rotation on the stationary plate-shaped member. 在后一种情况下，那么螺栓一般只相对于板形件旋转。 In the latter case, the bolt generally plate-shaped member with respect to rotation.
[0013] 使第二零件可相对于第一零件绕旋转轴进行角度受限制的旋转。 [0013] the second part relative to the first part about a rotational axis of the rotational angle restricted. 可能要考虑到一个事实，即，在螺栓件上，也只有部分异形轮廓被设计成沿圆周定向的。 Possible to take into account the fact that, the bolt member, only partially shaped profile is designed to be circumferentially oriented. 因此，可以将角度限制调整成，使得当第一零件处于旋转状态时，异形轮廓可以得到最大限度的完全重叠。 Thus, the angle can be adjusted to limit, such that when the first part is rotating, shaped profile may maximize overlap completely.
[0014] 在松开位置上，共同的孔轮廓，也就是第一和第二零件在该重叠位置上产生的总轮廓，相当于螺栓的圆周轮廓，或者至少局部地大于螺栓在其设有异形轮廓的区域中的圆周轮廓。 [0014] In the release position, the overall profile of the common aperture outlines, i.e. first and second parts produced in the overlap position, corresponding to the circumferential contour of the bolt, the bolt is greater than or at least partially provided at its shaped circumferential contour region contour. 作为替代方案，也可以通过第二零件的孔轮廓促使它变得小一些。 Alternatively, it may also cause some of the through holes becomes smaller profile of the second part. 这例如是一种设计方案，如果螺栓在其自由的一端，即螺母可从开始套装的地方，先具有较小的轮廓，第一零件的孔可以轻易地推移经过所述较小的轮廓，所述较小的轮廓则继续套入随后更小的第二零件的孔轮廓中，此时第二零件却不能让螺栓的这个较小的轮廓继续向前推移。 For example, this is a design, if the bolt at one end thereof free, i.e., the nut can be set from the start place, to have a smaller profile, the first part of the passage holes can easily through the lower profile, the lower profile is continued subsequently set into the second smaller bore part of the profile, in which case the second part does not make this lower profile bolt continues onward.
[0015] 在另一种设计方案中设定，零件在旋转位置形状闭合地相互锁紧。 [0015] In another design is set, the part close to each other in the locked rotational position of the shape. 进一步优选根据卡锁机理进行锁紧。 Further preferably in accordance with the locking latch mechanism. 在这种情况下，旋转位置不能通过单纯的、或许还侧重于动力方面的措施，来消除零件相互之间的旋转，而必须例如对保障卡锁的零件，例如按钮产生影响，例如提升或者压紧或者还可以对保障卡锁的零件进行旋转。 In this case, the rotational position can not be simple, and perhaps also focused on dynamic aspects of measures to eliminate mutual rotation between the parts, the parts must be such as to protect the latch, for example, have an impact button, such as lifting or pressure tight or can also be rotated on the security card lock parts. 还可以设定，只能实施一次卡锁。 You can also set, can only be implemented once the latch. 没有特别的措施，例如费事的拆装，则锁紧位置不会再被撤除。 No special measures, such as troublesome disassembly, the locking position will not be removed.
[0016] 此外，还可以优选将零件预夹紧到其不旋转的位置，松开位置。 [0016] In addition, the part can preferably also be pre-clamped to a position it does not rotate, the release position. 这样就保证了下列可行性，即，可以将螺母分别随意地推移到螺栓上，而不必事先对零件相互之间与此适合的旋转位置加以关注。 This ensures the feasibility of the following, namely, nuts, respectively, can be freely pushed onto the bolts without having to be concerned about in advance between the parts fit each other with this rotational position. 如果在将螺母从螺栓上松开的过程中离开了旋转位置，将自动地占据零件相互之间的不旋转位置，也就是松开位置。 If left position during the rotation of the nut from loosening the bolt, it will not automatically occupy another rotational position between the parts, i.e. the release position.
[0017] 除此以外，优选使第二零件的孔轮廓在垂直投影上至少局部地沿径向在第一零件的异形轮廓内延伸。 [0017] In addition, it is preferable that the second profile part aperture extending partially radially inner profile of the first part is shaped at least in vertical projection. 非圆的构造，尤其是参照松开位置而出现在与第一零件的异形轮廓的重叠区域里。 Non-circular configuration, especially with reference to the release position is now out of the shaped profile of the first part in the overlapping area. 当与第一零件未设有异形轮廓的圆周段重叠时，第二零件的孔轮廓在松开位置上优选按照圆形定向。 When the first part is not provided with a profiled circumferential contour segment overlaps the hole in a round profile of the second part is preferably oriented in the release position. 在这种情况下，可以以第二孔的孔轮廓的最大孔尺寸为基础，参照穿过孔轮廓的中心轴或者参照在螺母套装到螺栓上时穿过螺栓的旋转轴构成圆形。 In this case, the maximum pore size of the pores can outline the basis of the second hole, with reference to the contour through the central shaft hole of the rotation shaft passes through the reference bolt or the nut when the bolt to suit a circular configuration. 这种最大的孔尺寸，可以相应地是所述圆形的直径尺寸。 This maximum pore size may correspondingly the size of the diameter of the circle. 作为补充或者替代，可以规定，第二零件的孔轮廓，在其最大长度处，具有在垂直投影上超出了延伸到第一零件的异形轮廓顶端的螺母的直径尺寸的尺寸，以及在其最小长度处，具有小于上述直径尺寸的尺寸。 Additionally or alternatively, it may be provided that the second profile part aperture, at its maximum length, in a vertical projection having a size exceeding the diameter of the tip of the nut extends into the first part of the shaped profile, and in which at a minimum length, it has a size smaller than the size of the diameter.
[0018] 进一步优选将部分由按照圆形定向的段与部分由不按照圆形定向的段、例如优选由矩形断面的长边组成的段，组合成第二零件的轮廓。 [0018] Further preferably according to a circular portion and in part by the orientation section not in accordance with the orientation of the circular segment, for example, preferably a period long side of rectangular cross section consisting of a combination of the second contoured part.
[0019] 第一和第二零件在轴向方向上至少局部地连续布设，而在任何情况下其嵌接部分都是连续布设的。 [0019] The first and second parts at least partially laid continuously in the axial direction, and in any case, and the engagement portion is continuously laid. 第二零件的嵌接部分是一种有轮廓的孔，它事实上在某个高度沿旋转轴的轴向方向延伸。 The second part is an engagement part with a profile hole, it is in fact a height extending in the axial direction along the axis of rotation. 第一零件的嵌接部分是孔的设有异形轮廓的部分。 The first part engagement portion is provided with shaped profile portion of the bore. 所述异形轮廓在某个高度上沿旋转轴的轴向方向延伸。 Shaped contour extending in the axial direction at a certain height along the axis of rotation. 优选将大多数异形轮廓，例如也可以是螺纹线，设计成沿旋转轴的轴向方向连续布设。 Most preferably shaped profile, for example may be a thread, along the axial direction of the rotary shaft is designed to continuously laid. 例如三个或者多至一百或者一千个的异形轮廓连续布设。 For example, or more than three to one hundred or one thousand continuous profiled contours laid. 这既涉及螺母的异形轮廓，也涉及螺栓的异形轮廓。 This not only involves nut shaped profile, and also to outline shaped bolts. 第一和第二零件也可以互相重叠。 First and second parts may overlap each other. 其中的一件可以容纳在另一件中。 Which can be accommodated in a further member. 优选将第二零件容纳在第一零件中。 The second part is preferably accommodated in the first part. 还可以优选使第二零件在旋转轴方向上的长度，比第一零件的长度短。 The second part may also preferably a length in the rotational axis direction is shorter than the length of the first part. 这在其它细节上还涉及第一零件设计有异形轮廓的内表面的长度。 It further relates to other details on the design of the first part of the length of the inner surface of the shaped profile. 进一步优选使第二零件嵌接部分的长度，约等于第一零件在旋转轴的轴向方向上的嵌接部分长度的1/20至1/2。 More preferably the length of the second portion of the engagement part, the first part is approximately equal to the length of the engagement portion in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 1/20 to 1/2.
[0020] 在零件互相卡锁的情况下，为了松开卡锁位置，优选设计一种可相对于第一和/或第二零件活动的松开件。 [0020] In the case of mutual latching part, in order to release the locking position, preferably releasably designed with respect to an element of the first and / or second part activity. 可以例如垂直于旋转轴的延伸方向操作所述松开件。 May for example extend perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the release operation member. 作为替代或者补充，也可以通过绕旋转轴旋转来操作松开件。 Alternatively or in addition, it can also be operated around the rotation shaft release member.
[0021] 尤其还可以对螺母与螺栓的配合作用进行设计，使得螺栓首先在螺母的套装方向优选具有一段没有异形轮廓的导向段。 [0021] In particular, it can also be designed cooperating nut and bolt so that the bolt having a first guide section shaped profile in a period not suit the preferred direction of the nut. 最大断面尺寸则优选大于在设有异形轮廓的螺栓段中异形轮廓底部区域的螺栓的最大横断面尺寸。 The maximum cross-sectional dimension is preferably larger than the maximum cross-sectional dimension is provided in the profiled contour segment shaped bolt contour of the bottom region of the bolt. 进一步优选使该无异形轮廓的段或者导向段的轴向长度，至少与第二零件的孔的轴向长度相匹配。 The stepless further preferably shaped profile or the axial length of the guide section, at least the axial length of the bore matches the second part. 当将螺母套装到螺栓上时，如果螺母的异形轮廓段完全与螺栓的异形轮廓段重叠，螺母才可以旋转到嵌接位置。 When the nut is placed onto the bolt, if the profiled contour completely overlaps with the nut segment shaped contour segment bolt, the nut can only be rotated to the engagement position. 因为先前会由于设计在螺母内表面上的圆周异形轮廓与螺栓的无异形轮廓、却相当于直径大小的区域随后出现碰撞，而不发生旋转。 As the previous contour due to the design without profiled circumferential surface of the shaped profile on the bolt in the nut, but the size of the area corresponding to the diameter of subsequent collisions without rotation occurs. 如果旋转可以发生，则第二零件也已优选越过了上述无异形轮廓的螺栓区域，因而同时还确保了零件相互之间可以实现相对转动。 If the rotation can take place, the second part have crossed the above-described preferred non-bolt shaped contour region, and thus can be realized while ensuring the relative rotation between the parts to each other. 后者优选可以这样实现，即，直接沿轴向方向观察，使螺母的异形轮廓的末端紧贴第二零件的第二孔。 The latter can preferably be achieved, i.e., directly observed in the axial direction, so that the end of the nut against the profiled contour of the second hole of the second part.
[0022] 可以将上述螺母和/或螺栓上的异形轮廓，设计成尤其一个或者多个螺纹线的形状。 [0022] The contour may be profiled on the nut and / or bolt is designed to a particular shape or a plurality of thread.
[0023] 在设计成螺纹线的情况下，还尤其可以优选使所述螺纹是一种左旋螺纹。 [0023] In the case of thread designed, in particular, can be preferably also said thread is a Zuo Xuan thread. 这样，当占据旋转位置时可以确保，不用提前夹紧借助于螺母固定在例如螺栓上的待锁紧对象，始终可以进行旋转。 Thus, when the rotational position occupied by it can be ensured without advance by means of a clamping nut to be fixed, for example a locking bolt on the object can always be rotated. 因为在占据旋转位置时，螺母将按照左旋螺纹旋转一圈，如果仍较少，尺寸将分别偏离待锁紧对象。 Because when the rotational position occupied, the rotation of the nut in accordance with Zuo Xuan threads, if still small, the size of the lock objects to be offset from each. 如果锁紧在螺栓上的螺母获得了止挡体的功能，这在任何情况下都是有利的。 If the lock nut on the bolt of the locking function is obtained stopper body, which is in any case advantageous. 但是如果要把螺母当作例如固定件使用，还可以在旋转时引进拧紧的功能，即右旋螺纹。 But if we want to use a nut as e.g. fixing member, you can also introduce features tightened when rotated, i.e., right-hand screw. 在构造异形轮廓时，也可以对优选多重地沿旋转轴方向叠加设计的异形轮廓形状的分布进行设计，使得在螺母旋转时，所述分布不会引起所述螺母沿旋转轴方向移动。 When shaped profile configuration and to be superimposed multiple irregular contour shape of the design of the rotation axis direction of the distribution is preferably designed so that when the nut is rotated, the profile does not cause rotation of the nut in the axial direction.
[0024] 在其它细节上还可以优选使第一零件的异形轮廓，或许螺纹造型，只构建在螺母的第一零件的三分之二或者更少的内表面上。 [0024] On the other details of the first part may also preferably profiled contour, perhaps thread shape, built only two-thirds or less of the inner surface of the first part of the nut. 进一步优选，尤其只有两域。 Further preferably, only two particular domain. 除此以外，优选将具有异形轮廓的以及无异形轮廓的区域构建成分别套合地相互对置的。 In addition, preferably having a shaped contour and a region free shaped profile are constructed to be engaging the opposed to each other. 进一步优选使所述区域分别按照圆柱面进行设计。 More preferably the region were designed according to a cylindrical surface. 由于在圆周方向的断开，所以优选大多数的叠加布设的单个异形轮廓中的每一个异形轮廓，都具有开始区域和结束区域。 Since in the circumferential direction of disconnection, a single shaped profile superimposed most preferably each laid a shaped profile having a start region and an end region. 优选将所述开始和/或结束区域设计成圆角的或者斜面的，进一步优选将对应一致的异形轮廓的结束区域也构建在螺栓上，或者只将上述的异形轮廓结束区域构建在螺栓上。 Preferably the start and / or end area is designed rounded or beveled, more preferably the area corresponding to the same end of the profiled contour on the bolt also be constructed, or only the completion of the profiled contour region constructed on the bolt. 如果异形轮廓由螺纹线或者螺纹线段组成，那么尤其如此。 If a thread contour shaped line segments or thread, especially so. 圆角或者斜面优选是顶端的倒圆或者倒角，从而产生适配效应。 Preferably rounded bevel or rounded or bevelled tip, adapted to produce effects. 圆角可以例如这样实现，即通过将异形轮廓或者螺纹线沿异形轮廓或者螺纹线的延伸方向“熔化”到周围材料中的方式，得出异形轮廓或者特制的螺纹线顶端。 Radius may be accomplished, for example, i.e. by irregular profile or profile or profiled thread along the extending direction of the threads of the "melt" into the surrounding material in such a way, draw special profile or contour to the top thread.
[0025] 螺母可以在其外表面上具有通常的轮廓。 [0025] The nut may have a conventional profile on its outer surface. 也可以在关系到外表面的平面图上，将它构造成圆形的。 May be in relation to a plan view of the outer surface, it is configured in a circular.
[0026] 进一步优选将松开件预夹紧在一种表示卡锁位置的伸出位置上。 [0026] Further preferably the pre-clamping member releasably latching position in a representation of the extended position. 在压力作用到松开件上，或者松开件顶着由于压入或者移动松开件而产生的弹簧力移动时，卡锁位置就相应地松开了。 The release of pressure to the member, or loosened due to the press member against movement into or release the spring force generated by the movement member, the locking position corresponding to the release. 如此，当第一和第二零件之间预先设定的旋转角被达到时，可以实现自动地卡锁。 Thus, when the angle of rotation between the first part and the second set in advance is reached, latching can be achieved automatically. 如果松开件相对于其外表面，尤其圆周面伸出或者弹出，另外还可带来一种所期望的表示卡锁位置已实现锁紧的指示。 If the release member relative to its outer surface, the circumferential surface of the extended or popped in particular, can also bring additional representation indicative of one of the desired latching position of the lock has been achieved. 作为替代，也可以规定，为了实现卡锁，必须预先激活卡锁件的运动，例如压入或者抽出卡锁件。 As an alternative, can also be provided, in order to achieve locking, the movement must be pre-activated latching member, for example, pressed into or out latch member.
[0027] 还可以设定，为第一和第二零件的不同的旋转角设计多个卡锁位置。 [0027] It can further be designed as a plurality of different latching positions of rotation angle of the first and second part.
[0028] 螺栓件优选具有矩形的横断面。 [0028] The screw member preferably has a rectangular cross section. 在这种情况下，将两个相互对置的扁平面优选构造成无异形轮廓的或者无螺纹的，而将基本呈矩形的横断面的其它两个相互对置的面，构造成圆形的并且带有螺纹或者异形轮廓。 In this case, the two mutually opposed flat surface is preferably configured as a non shaped profile or unthreaded, while the other two substantially mutually opposing surfaces of the rectangular cross section, a circular configuration or profiled and threaded profile.
[0029] 将螺母的第二零件的孔轮廓，也与此相应地调整成基本呈矩形，具有两条平直延伸的以及两条圆形地延伸的、优选仍分别被设计成相互对置的分界线。 [0029] The second part of the nut hole contour, and adjust correspondingly substantially rectangular, having two straight and two extending circularly extending preferably are designed to remain opposed to each other the dividing line. 优选给予两个长边和两个短边。 Preferably administered two long sides and two short sides. 进一步优选将平直延伸的分界线设计在长边上。 More preferably the straight boundary line extending in the long side design.
[0030]另外，优选使得在不旋转位置上，第一零件的异形轮廓在轴向投影上至少局部地沿径向处于轮廓线，或许是平直延伸的分界线以外。 [0030] Further, preferably such that no rotational position, the first part is partially shaped profile contour in the radial direction at least in the axial projection, perhaps outside the dividing line extending straight. 总之，优选使得在第一零件上由于异形轮廓的缘故，两个孔具有非圆的孔轮廓，同时这些孔轮廓是相互不同的。 In short, it is preferable that due to the irregular contour, two holes having a non-circular contour of the hole in the first part, while the profile of the holes are different from each other.
[0031] 进一步优选，还可以使第二零件上的圆形孔轮廓，在最大孔尺寸方面的偏差，大于第一零件上的。 [0031] Further preferably, also the circular hole in the profile of the second part, the maximum deviation in terms of pore size, larger than the first part. 在此，将偏差理解成数量方面的。 Here, the quantity of deviation understood. 孔轮廓在径向方向上位于理想的圆形孔轮廓以外的面积部分，则相应地在第二零件上大于在第一零件上。 Area of ​​a portion other than the circular hole is located over the profile contour holes in the radial direction, correspondingly to the second part is larger than the first part.
[0032] 在上面已经以及下面将要说明的区域或者值区域，也包括了本发明可公开部分的、尤其在1/10间距，在其各个尺寸处或者也许缺少尺寸之处的所有的中间值，一方面从下和/或上限制了上述区域的界限，但是作为替代或者补充，也考虑到了源自各个区域的一个或者多个个值的可公开部分。 [0032] In the upper area or region has value and will be described, also includes, in particular, a pitch of 1/10, at each of its dimensions, or all of the intermediate values ​​in the portion of the disclosure of the present invention may lack the size of the, on the one hand limits the lower limit of the above-described area from and / or on, but alternatively or additionally, also considered part of the disclosure may be derived from one or more values ​​of the respective regions.
[0033] 接下来根据仅表示实施例的附图，对本发明加以进一步说明。 [0033] Next, embodiments according to the drawings showing embodiments only, of the present invention will be further described. 附图中: In the drawings:
[0034]图1表示一种具有螺栓件、待固定在所述螺栓件上的工具以及一种卡锁式的快速更换螺母的液压冲压设备的立体图，局部以分解的方式表示: [0034] FIG. 1 shows a screw member having a perspective view of a quick-change lock nut hydraulic press machine bolt to be fixed to the tool and to a member card, partly in exploded representation:
[0035] 图2表示螺栓件以及套装的螺母的视图； [0035] FIG. 2 shows a view of the nut and bolt member of the set;
[0036] 图3表示沿线II1-1II对按照图2的对象进行剖示的剖视图； [0036] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view along line II1-1II performs a cross-sectional diagram of the object according to Figure 2;
[0037] 图4表示螺母的第一和第二零件处于相互旋转状态时按照图3的视图，此时螺母处于卡锁位置； When [0037] Figure 4 shows first and second parts in mutual rotation state nut according to FIG. 3, when the nut is in the locking position;
[0038] 图5表示对松开件区域进行剖切的按照图4的视图； [0038] FIG. 5 shows a region of the release member taken in accordance with the view of Figure 4;
[0039] 图6表示通过螺母的螺纹区域剖开示出的安装到螺栓上的螺母处于旋转位置时的另一剖视图； [0039] FIG. 6 shows a nut mounted on the bolt cross-sectional view of another rotational position is taken by a threaded region of the nut shown;
[0040] 图7表示螺母以及附属螺栓的分解视图； [0040] FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of a nut and bolt of the subsidiary;
[0041 ] 图8表示从斜下方观察按照图7的视图: [0041] FIG. 8 shows a view according to FIG. 7 obliquely from below:
[0042] 图9表示沿线IX-1X对按照图2的对象进行剖示的剖视图； [0042] FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view along line IX-1X performs a cross-sectional diagram of the object according to Figure 2;
[0043] 图10表示处于旋转位置时的按照图9的视图； [0043] Figure 10 shows a view according to FIG. 9 when in the rotated position;
[0044] 图11表示另一种实施形式的按照图8的视图； [0044] FIG 11 shows another form of embodiment according to the view of FIG. 8;
[0045] 图12表示通过套装到具有图11的实施形式的螺栓上且处于松开位置时的螺母剖开示出的剖视图， [0045] FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view of the nut taken when the release position is illustrated by package and onto the bolt having the form of embodiment of FIG. 11,
[0046] 图13表示沿线XII1-XIII对按照图12的对象进行剖示的剖视图； [0046] FIG. 13 shows a sectional view along line performs sectional XII1-XIII shown in FIG. 12 according to an object;
[0047] 图14表示处于旋转位置时的按照图12的视图； [0047] FIG. 14 shows a view in FIG. 12 when in the rotational position;
[0048] 图15表示沿线XV-XV对按照图14的对象进行剖示的剖视图； [0048] FIG. 15 shows a cross-sectional view along line XV-XV sectional performs according to an object shown in FIG. 14;
[0049] 图16表示螺栓以及将螺栓上的异形轮廓或者螺纹放大出来的视图。 [0049] FIG. 16 shows a view of the bolt and shaped contour or a threaded bolt on an enlarged out.
[0050] 首先参照图1，对一种电液式的手持设备I加以图示和说明，尽管在此处未对这种例如按照US7421877B2进行构造的手持设备I进行详细的图示，但是在此处首先代替一种活动式地容于缸中的工作活塞，一条通往缸3的浮装的液压管路2，与紧贴到泵活塞上的压力管路连接，在所述缸3中，布设着在工作行程上返回的活塞，借助于所述活塞可以将螺栓4拉回。 [0050] Referring first to FIG. 1, be shown and described hydro-electrical handheld devices I, although not constructed of such a handheld device, for example, according to US7421877B2 I here illustrated in detail, but in this first, instead of one kind of the movable accommodated in the piston cylinder, leading to a floating cylinder hydraulic line 3 of the package 2, the pressure line is connected to the pump piston to close, in the cylinder 3, the return of the piston is laid on the working stroke, the piston may be by means of a bolt 4 back.
[0051] 利用这种工具，借助于冲压模具6和反向支架7可以例如在薄板5上冲压孔。 [0051] With such a tool, by means of a bracket 6 and 7 may be reverse stamping die punched holes in the sheet 5, for example. 所述反向支架7相应地在螺栓4上导引且可以在螺栓4的凸肩8上得到支承。 Accordingly, the reverse guide bracket 7 on the screw 4 and can be supported on the shoulder 8 of the bolt 4. 此后引导螺栓穿过薄板5上已有的孔9，并且在薄板5的背面，随即将模具6推移到螺栓4上，并且接着推移螺母10，在已推拢的状态下，随后通过绕螺栓轴旋转来锁紧。 After the guide bolts through existing holes in the sheet 59, and the rear surface of the thin plate 5, then the mold 6 goes on to the bolt 4, a nut 10 and then goes on, has been urged to close in the state, and then by the shaft about the bolt rotation lock. 在此实现了卡锁的目的，正如后面还要说明的那样，此时例如松开件25也随即伸出。 In this implementation, the object of the latch, also as later explained, for example, release member 25 at this time is also extended immediately.
[0052] 在图2中，示出了螺母10在螺栓4上的锁紧状态。 [0052] In Figure 2, shows the locked state the nut 10 on the bolt 4. 螺母10相对于螺栓4处于旋转位置。 4 the nut 10 relative to the bolt in the rotated position.
[0053] 参照图3至10，对螺母的构造和锁紧加以进一步说明。 [0053] Referring to FIGS. 3 to 10, and the locking nut structure to be further explained. 在图3中还通过虚线表示，与螺母有关的结构，也可以被构建在板形件中。 In Figure 3 also shows, the nut-related structure may also be constructed in a plate-shaped member by a broken line.
[0054] 螺母10首先包括具有第一通孔O1 (例如参照图8)的第一零件11和包括通孔O2(此外也可参照图7)的第二零件12。 [0054] First nut 10 comprises a first part having a first through hole O1 of (for example, see FIG. 8) and the second part 11 includes a through hole 12 O2 (In addition see also FIG. 7).
[0055] 孔O2具有以侧棱13为界的孔轮廓。 [0055] O2 having a hole 13 is bounded by side edges of the hole contour. 第二孔O2的孔轮廓是非圆的。 Profile of the second hole is non-circular hole O2. 在本实施例中，特意设计了一种具有矩形孔轮廓的孔02，同时将长边设计成直线的，而将短边构造成凹圆形的。 In the present embodiment, a specially designed hole having a rectangular hole profile 02, while the long side is designed to be straight, and the short sides of the circular recess configured.
[0056] 旋转轴A穿过两个孔(^0”优选并且在本实施例中已实现了，使旋转轴A是第一零件11和第二零件12的公共旋转轴。旋转轴A优选位于第一零件11和/或第二零件12的中轴线上。 [0056] A rotary shaft passing through two holes (^ 0 "and, in the present preferred embodiment has been implemented in the embodiment, the rotary shaft A is a common axis of rotation of the first part 11 and second part 12. The axis of rotation A the first part 11 is preferably located and / or the central axis 12 of the second part.
[0057] 零件11、12可旋转地互相连接。 [0057] Parts 11, 12 are rotatably connected to each other.
[0058] 为了可旋转地连接两个零件11、12，将第二零件12内置到第一零件11中。 [0058] In order to rotatably connecting two parts 11, 12, 12 built into the second part 11 of the first part. 在其它细节上，给出了位于第一零件11中的第二零件12的一种形状闭合的支架。 On the other details, A shape 11 positioned in a first part of the second bracket part 12 is closed. 在本实施例中，优选通过一种嵌入第一零件11的凹槽15中的锁紧涨圈14作为所述支架。 In the present embodiment, the stent is preferably achieved by a first groove part 11 is fitted in the snap ring 14 as the lock 15. 螺母的圆周面，除了或许存在的松开件25外，仅由螺母11构成。 Circumferential surface of the nut, in addition to the release member 25 may exist, composed only of the nut 11.
[0059] 第二零件12具有在第一零件11的外壁17内延伸的第一壁16。 [0059] The second part 12 has a first wall 16 extending within the outer wall 17 of the first part 11. 所述第一壁16优选被设计用于第二零件12在第一零件11上的旋转导向。 The first wall 16 is preferably designed for rotating the second guide part 12 on the first part 11.
[0060] 此外，可以例如在实施例中设定，第二零件12具有相对于第一壁16沿径向向内错开延伸的第二壁18。 [0060] Further, for example, may be set in the embodiment, the second wall 18 has a second part 12 with respect to the first wall 16 extending radially inwardly offset. 第一壁16和/或第二壁18优选沿轴线A方向、进一步优选与之平行地延伸。 A first wall a second wall 16 along the axis A direction is preferably 18, more preferably extending and / or parallel thereto. 在第一壁16和第二壁18之间，留有向下的，也就是例如朝向第一零件11的异形轮廓区域的敞口的空隙19。 Between the first wall 16 and second wall 18, left downward, i.e. toward the profiled contour regions such as voids of the first part 11 of 19 open. 将第一壁16和第二壁18构造成优选相互同心的，以及进一步优选具有分别呈圆形的平面图。 The first wall 16 and second wall 18 is preferably configured to be concentric with one another, and further preferably each have a circular plan view shape. 壁16和18通过连接片21连接成U形。 Walls 16 and 18 through the connecting plate 21 is connected to a U-shape. 将所述连接片21的上部设计成阶梯形的。 The upper connecting piece 21 is designed to be stepped. 所述阶梯优选沿径向向外敞开。 The step is preferably open radially outwardly. 锁紧涨圈14优选套装在下阶梯面22上。 The lock ring 14 is preferably set up on the lower stepped surface 22. 正如例如从图8中获知的那样，第二零件12的第一壁16的底部，优选被构造成异形轮廓的。 As it is known from, for example, in FIG. 8, a first bottom of the second part 12 of the wall 16, preferably configured shaped profile. 第一壁16具有例如一种圆周切口23。 For example, one having a first wall 16 a circumferential slot 23. 进一步优选一种定位凹槽24。 A positioning recess 24 is further preferred.
[0061] 所述圆周切口23可以被用作，对第二零件12相对于第一零件11的旋转性加以角度限制。 [0061] The circumferential cut 23 can be used, the second part 12 to be restricted to the angle of rotation of the first part 11. 定位凹槽24可以优选使处于旋转位置或者卡锁位置的松开件25，从按照图3的内缩位置运行到按照图5的伸出位置。 Positioning groove 24 is preferable to be in the released position of the rotational member, or latching position 25, running from the retracted position of FIG. 3 according to the extended position according to FIG. 松开件25为此借助于压簧26向外预压紧第一零件11的处于径向方向内侧的与之重叠的壁27。 For this release member 25 by means of a compression spring 26 preloaded outwardly in a first wall part 27 in the radial direction overlaps with the inner side 11.
[0062] 松开件25在旋转位置上伸出，以此提供卡锁，正如在实施例中设定的那样，还具有指示器的优点。 [0062] The release member 25 in the extended rotational position, thus providing latching, as is set in the embodiment also has the advantage of an indicator. 尤其一种可凭触觉检测的指示器。 In particular, one kind of coin detected tactile indicator.
[0063] 为了从按照图5的旋转位置，即螺母可以不脱卸地锁紧在螺栓上的位置，再次运行到按照图3的松开位置，在图1至10的实施例中，必须直接通过使用者沿径向向内朝弹簧26按压松开件25。 [0063] according to the rotational position of FIG. 5, i.e., the nut may not be releasably locked in position on the bolt, according to the release position to run again to FIG. 3, in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 10, to be directly radially inwardly towards the user presses the release member 25 spring 26. 基于在按照图5的卡锁位置上依据弹簧20的弹力而推算出的零件11和12彼此之间在按照图3的松开位置上的预张力，第一零件11在松开件25被向下按压在图5的位置上时，几乎自动地相对于第二零件12再次旋转到按照图3的位置。 Based on the latching position of FIG. 5 in accordance with the force of the spring 20 on the basis of the deduced parts to each other in accordance with pre-Zhang Li on the release position in FIG. 3, the first part 11 in the release member 11 and 12, 25 are FIG 5 is pressed in the downward position, almost automatically with respect to the second part 12 is again rotated to the position according to FIG. 3.
[0064] 依据圆周切口23来限制第一零件11相对于第二零件12的旋转性，可进一步优选通过一种与第一零件11防旋转地连接或者以其它方式成型在第一零件11上的止挡件28加以保障。 [0064] circumference of the cutout 23 to restrict rotation of the first part 11 relative to part 12 of the second, or more preferably by means of a first connecting part 11 against rotation, or otherwise shaped in accordance with a first zero stopper 11 on the stopper member 28 to be protected.
[0065] 弹簧20既固定在第一零件11上，也固定在第二零件12上。 [0065] The spring 20 is either fixed to the first part 11, also fixed to the second part 12. 优选使弹簧20 —方面借助于嵌入第二零件12的孔29中的端部30固定在第二零件12中，以及另一方面借助于嵌入第一零件11的孔31中的第二端部30固定在第一零件11中。 Preferably the spring 20-- aspect by means of the end portion 29 fitted in the hole 30 of the second part 12 is fixed in the 12, and the second part on the other hand by means of the aperture of the first part 11 of the insert 31 of the second a first end portion 30 is fixed to the part 11. 正如进一步尤其可从图6中推断出来的那样，朝向第二零件12的第一零件11，构成了一个环形地缭绕且向上的凹槽33。 As it is further inferred in particular from FIG. 6, the first part 12 towards the second part 11 to define an annular groove 33 upwardly and filled. 在所述凹槽33扁平的底部34上，支撑着第二零件12的壁16的底面35，除了圆周切口23和定位凹槽24以外。 33 on the flat bottom of the groove 34, the wall of the second supporting part 12 of the bottom surface 3516, except that the notch 23 and a circumferential groove 24 is positioned.
[0066] 在本实施例中由榫头55构成的止挡体28，伸入凹槽33中。 [0066] Examples stop body 55 made of a tenon 28 in the present embodiment, the recess 33 extends into.
[0067] 凹槽33在松开件25区域转化成一种圆形的空槽36，所述空槽36也贯穿紧贴在空槽33的底部34上方的第一零件11的壁区域37。 [0067] 37 recess 33 wall area of ​​the first part 11 close above the bottom 34 of the recess 33 of release member 25 is converted into a round region of recess 36, the recess 36 may penetrate. 圆形空槽36利用沿径向延伸的中轴线构成。 Configuration using a circular recess 36 extending radially along the axis.
[0068] 第一零件11在内侧具有异形轮廓，优选螺纹造型38。 [0068] The first part 11 has a shaped profile, preferably inside threads 38 shape. 此处为两个被构造成相互对置的螺纹造型38，它们通过无螺纹的面39断开，所述无螺纹的面39因而也相应地被构造成两个相互对置的面。 Here are configured to each other two opposite threaded shape 38, through which the unthreaded surface 39 is turned off, the unthreaded surface 39 and thus correspondingly configured into two mutually opposed faces. 面39在与螺纹38的螺纹牙底相当的直径上延伸。 Surface 39 extends over the threads 38 and the thread bottom diameter corresponding. 螺纹造型38或者其它的异形轮廓，如本文开头所述的那样，优选从圆柱形的底面开始构成。 Thread shape or other shaped profile 38, as above mentioned at the beginning, starts preferably from the bottom surface of the cylindrical configuration. 进一步优选使其位于径向方向内侧的顶端边界，也由圆柱面构成。 More preferably to be located radially inward of the top border, it is also constituted by a cylindrical surface. 可能的话，如还将进一步说明的那样，除了造型端部已有的斜面或者圆角以外。 If possible, as will be further explained, in addition to the existing slant end shape or rounded.
[0069] 如尤其可从图9和10中获知的那样，螺栓4具有基本呈矩形的横断面，所述横断面具有两个相互对置的无异形轮廓的面40、41以及两个构造有异形轮廓的、在本实施例中具有螺纹造型的面42、43。 [0069] As can in particular as known from FIGS. 9 and 10, the bolt 4 has a substantially rectangular cross section, said cross section having two mutually opposing profile free profiled surfaces 40, 41 and configured with two shaped profile, having the shape of a threaded surface 42, 43 in the present embodiment. 当将横断面中的面40、41构造成直线走向时，设有螺纹的面42、43的轮廓依照圆周线设计。 When the cross section of the surface 40, 41 is configured in a straight line direction, the threaded surfaces 42 and 43 designed in accordance with the contour of a circumferential line.
[0070] 将螺栓或者螺母的异形轮廓，尤其螺纹造型，设计成互补的。 [0070] A bolt or nut shaped contour, in particular the thread shape, designed to be complementary. 尺寸这样选取，使得可直接相互嵌接的对象，可以是螺纹和配对螺纹。 Size chosen such that the object may be a direct engagement with each other, and may be threaded and the mating threads.
[0071] 援引图11来表示另一种实施形式。 [0071] FIG. 11 cited shows another form of embodiment.
[0072] 这种另外的实施形式与之前说明的实施形式的不同之处，尤其在于另外布设在第一零件上的旋转轴套44。 [0072] is different from the form of embodiment of this further form of embodiment previously described, in particular that the additional rotation of the sleeve laid on the first part 44. 这种旋转轴套44可以通过将旋转轴套旋转到卡锁位置而将螺母锁紧在旋转位置上。 This rotation of the sleeve 44 by the rotation of the rotating sleeve latching position to lock the nut in a rotational position. 在所述卡锁位置，倘若与之前说明的实施形式一致，从现在起，布设在旋转轴套44内的松开件25向外运行，此时仍处于弹簧26作用之下，这样，就以与上述实施形式同样的方式锁紧旋转位置。 In the latching position, if consistent with the previously described embodiment forms, from now on, the rotary bushing is laid in the 4425 operating member outwardly, this time is still under the action of spring 26, so that, with regard to the same manner as the embodiment described above the locking rotational position.
[0073] 旋转轴套44的优点在于，可以握住螺母自由地在其整个圆周上实施从松开位置到旋转位置的移动。 [0073] The advantage is that rotation of the sleeve 44, can hold the nut is free to move from the release position to the embodiment of the rotational position over its entire circumference.
[0074] 旋转轴套44在内表面上具有凹槽45，在本实施例中所述凹槽45被构建为旋转轴套44的壁板变薄部分。 [0074] rotating collar 44 having a recess 45 on the inner surface of the groove 45 in the embodiment is constructed as a thin wall portion of the rotating sleeve 44 in the present embodiment. 所述凹槽45具有在横断面上，即沿圆周方向延伸的，像例如从图13中可看出的那样，被倒成圆角或者被倒成斜面的端部区域46、47，所述端部区域46、47在旋转时可以将松开件25从按照图15的位置向下按压到按照图13的位置。 The groove 45 has a cross section, as can be seen for example from FIG. 13 as extending in the circumferential direction, i.e., is inverted is inverted radiused or beveled end regions 46 and 47, the end regions 46, 47 may be rotated in a release position according to Figure 13 from the position according to FIG. 15 of the pressing member 25 downward.
[0075] 将旋转轴套44可旋转地却不会丢失地固定在第一零件11上。 [0075] The rotation of the sleeve 44 rotatably, but captively fixed to the first part 11. 在本实施例中通过一种锁紧涨圈48加以实现。 In the present embodiment, the lock by means of a snap ring 48 to be achieved.
[0076]另外，旋转轴套优选只能相对于第一零件11进行角度受限制的旋转。 [0076] In addition, preferably only the rotary sleeve with respect to the first part 11 limited angle of rotation. 角度的限制可以例如通过一种轴销49加以实现，所述轴销49 一部分伸入凹槽45中并且在此与斜面46或者47分别配合作用。 Limit angle may be, for example, achieved by a pivot pin 49, the pin shaft portion 49 extends into this recess 45 and 46 or with the inclined surface 47 cooperating respectively.
[0077] 其它的，与在本文开头描述的实施形式上的情况相同。 [0077] other, and the case of the embodiment described herein form at the beginning of the same.
[0078] 参照图16，也可以对照放大图，螺纹线上或者原则上是异形轮廓上的斜面，在此被表示在螺栓4上，但是也可以用虚线表示在放大图中的螺母上。 [0078] Referring to FIG 16, the control may be enlarged view of the line or thread on the principle shaped beveled contour, here represented by the bolt 4, but may be indicated by broken lines in the enlarged view of the nut. 将所述斜面用作，使得当旋转到锁紧位置时，异形轮廓相互之间更便于配合。 As the ramp, so that when rotated to the locking position, the engagement between the shaped contour easier to each other. 很显然，螺栓上螺纹线50的端面，被设计得与径向的且相对于圆周方向垂直的面不一致，而与被倒角进入周围材料51中的端面52一致。 Obviously, the bolt threads 50 on the end face, is designed to be inconsistent with the radial plane and perpendicular to the circumferential direction, with the material 51 into the surrounding chamfered end faces 52 of the same. 在本实施例中，螺纹还具有端棱或者端面53。 In the present embodiment, further includes a threaded end edges or end surfaces 53. 该端棱53在末段54中被构造成倾斜向下的。 The end edge 53 in the end section 54 is configured to be inclined downward.
[0079] 优选在螺母中不设计特别的结构或者只设计相应平的端面52'。 [0079] Preferably the nut is not only the structure or design of a particular design of the respective flat end surface 52 '. 但是可能的话，也可以在此设计一种与此相关的端棱53'的向下倾斜的段54'。 End edges 53 but if possible, or may also be associated with this design a 'of the downwardly inclined section 54'.
[0080] 重要的是，将尺寸始终保持为，使得螺纹的端棱之间仍能产生明显的重叠a (螺母上倾斜向下的末段54')或者b (螺母上不倾斜向下的段54')。 [0080] Importantly, the dimensions still remain a significant overlap between such that the threaded end edges (downwardly inclined end section 54 'on the nut), or B (not downwardly inclined section of the nut 54 ').
1.一种螺母，具有第一零件(11)以及第二零件(12)，所述第一零件(11)具有第一孔(O1),而所述第二零件(12)包含具有孔轮廓的第二孔(O2)，其中所述第一和第二零件(11、12)绕穿过所述第一和第二孔(OpO2)的旋转轴(A)可旋转地相互连接，而且所述第一和第二孔(O1, O2)互相重叠，同时，第一孔(O1)此外还在其内表面上具有沿圆周方向延伸且沿圆周方向断开的异形轮廓，以及第二孔(O2)的孔轮廓是非圆的，其特征在于，所述第二零件(12)可相对于第一零件(11)绕所述旋转轴(A)进行角度受限制的旋转，所述零件在旋转位置形状闭合地相互锁紧以及为了取消所述旋转位置必须对保障卡锁的零件进行作用。 A nut, having a first part (11) and a second part (12), said first part (11) having a first aperture (O1 of), and the second part (12) comprising a second aperture (O2) having a hole profile, wherein said first and second parts (11, 12) about a rotational axis passing through the first and second holes (OpO2) of (a) rotatably connected to each other, and said first and second holes (O1, O2) overlapped with each other, while the first aperture (O1 of) furthermore extending in the circumferential direction and is turned off in the circumferential direction also profiled on its inner surface contour, and a second aperture (O2) is non-circular contour of the hole, characterized in that said second part (12) about said axis of rotation relative to the first part (11) (a) for a restricted angle rotation of the locking part from each other in the shape of a closed rotational position and the rotational position for canceling the effect of the protection must be part of the latch.
2.按照上述权利要求1所述的螺母，其特征在于，将所述第一和第二零件(11，12)预夹紧到其不旋转位置。 2. A nut according to claim 1, wherein the first and second parts (11, 12) does not rotate to its pre-clamped position.
3.按照上述权利要求中任一项所述的螺母，其特征在于，在所述旋转轴(A)方向上，第二零件(12)的长度比第一零件(11)的长度短。 3. A nut as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein, in the (A) direction of the rotation axis, the length of the second part (12) is shorter than the length of the first part (11) .
4.按照权利要求1所述的螺母，其特征在于，将所述旋转位置卡锁。 4. A nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary position of the latch.
5.按照上述权利要求4所述的螺母，其特征在于，为了松开卡锁位置，设有可相对于第一和/或第二零件活动的松开件(25)。 5. A nut according to claim 4, characterized in that, in order to release the locking position, release member may be provided with respect to the first and / or second active part (25).
6.按照上述权利要求5所述的螺母，其特征在于，可垂直于所述旋转轴(A)的延伸方向或者通过绕旋转轴(A)旋转来操作松开件(25)。 6. A nut according to claim 5, characterized in that, perpendicular to the axis of rotation may be (A) or in a direction extending about the rotation axis is operated by (A) rotating release member (25).
7.按照上述权利要求1或2所述的螺母，其特征在于，将所述异形轮廓设计成一个或者多个螺纹线状的。 7. A nut according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, the profiled contour is designed as a linear or a plurality of threads.
8.—种具有横断面的螺栓(4)和螺母(10)的组合，其中所述螺母(10)具有第一零件(11)，所述第一零件(11)具有带有内异形轮廓的第一孔(O1)，以及所述螺母(10)还包括具有第二孔(O2)的第二零件(12)，其中所述零件(11，12)可绕螺母(10)的旋转轴㈧互相旋转地连接，而且所述孔(O1, O2)是重叠的，所述第二零件(12)可相对于第一零件(11)绕所述旋转轴(A)进行角度受限制的旋转，所述零件在旋转位置形状闭合地相互锁紧以及为了取消所述旋转位置必须对保障卡锁的零件进行作用，并且除此之外，在螺栓(4)的长度上，螺栓(4)的横断面至少局部地具有与第二孔(O2)的孔轮廓相一致的轮廓，从而使得螺栓(4)可插入第二孔(O2)中，但是不能在其中旋转，其特征在于，所述螺栓首先沿所述螺母的套装方向具有没有异形轮廓的导向段，其中该导向段的轴向长度与所述第二零件的孔的轴向� Species composition 8.- bolt (4) and a nut (10) having a cross-section, wherein the nut (10) having a first part (11), said first part (11) with an inner contour having a first aperture contour (O1 of), and the nut (10) further comprises a second part (12) having a second aperture (O2), wherein said part (11, 12) rotatable about the nut (10) (viii) the rotary shaft rotatably connected to each other, and said aperture (O1, O2) are overlapped, the second part (12) is movable relative to the first part about (11) rotation axis (a) angularly restricted rotation of the locking part in the closed rotational position of the shape to one another and canceling the effect of the rotational position must guarantee latching part, and in addition, on the length of the bolt (4), the bolt (4) having a partially cross-sectional consistent with a second aperture (O2) at least a hole contours, so that the bolt (4) can be inserted into the second aperture (O2), but it can not rotate therein, characterized in that the bolt is first set in the direction of the nut without a guide segment shaped profile, wherein an axial bore of the axial length of the guide section and the second part �度相匹配。 Of the match.
CN 201180035327 2010-07-19 2011-07-07 A nut member and the combinations of bolts and nuts CN103026080B (en)
CN103026080A true CN103026080A (en) 2013-04-03
CN103026080B true CN103026080B (en) 2015-09-09
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