Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/247/2479083.html
Timestamp: 2020-07-16 14:56:53
Document Index: 167306475

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 26', 'art 14', 'art 50', 'art 82', 'arts 84', 'art 82']

Connecting electrode in form of rod with flat contact surface
H02B13 - Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle (in association with main transformer H02B0005000000, H02B0007000000; switchgear having carriage withdrawable for isolation H02B0011000000)
The present invention relates to simplify the electrical connections made with electrodes in the form of rods and electrodes with multiple cores. More precisely, the invention relates to a shielded connecting rods with connecting the contact surfaces, which provide electrical connection by contact between the flat surfaces. The shape and material of the connecting elements is chosen in such a way as to guarantee dielectric resistance, especially in the variants with high and/or medium voltage. The connecting elements are made partially deformable, and the insulator of the electrode produced in the form of castings on the conductive core, before coated with a shielding material.
In electrical equipment, in particular in transformer substations medium voltage MV (sometimes also called substations high voltage HV) with a voltage of from 5 to 52 kV, the various blocks of the equipment is electrically connected to one another. Because this is a high voltage, it is preferable to isolate the connections and maybe even escape them.
In particular, as shown in figure 1, when the current is multiphase, you must have hence, is her least three electrical connection device 1, connected in series or in parallel by means of their terminals 2. One of the options electrical connections (not shown) covers the use of flexible cables connected to the electric device 1 by means of a rigid connecting elements to the terminals 2. An example of such compounds is given in the publication WO 02/067385, and the connecting device has many components. Another connection, also referred to in this document pertains to the use of rigid or semi-rigid electrodes in the form of rods 4, fortified between the electrical devices 1, ..., 1s on terminals 2, for example, using contact devices biconical type 6 (as described in the patent FR2 766 019). Another option involves the connection of the contact surfaces of the rods 8 in the presence of the taper, the connecting contact is presented in the form of compounds, for example as described in patent EP 0674375.
This type of connecting device is however cumbersome, especially in the vertical direction to provide sufficient dielectric resistance, particularly for use with devices medium voltage: as disclosed in the publication WO 07/065912, the leakage pathway should be sufficient. In addition, the connecting devices have many components and therefore increases the number of controls which has been created contact surfaces.
Further, the connection cable requires multiple contact surfaces, and these surfaces are complex and expensive when used, in particular to guarantee the reliability of the design. Because of its rigidity electrodes in the form of rods do not allow any mismatch that causes particular problems in the case of reproduction of contact points and their further use.
The present invention is to eliminate some of the disadvantages of the known connecting means, in particular the simplification of the process of connection with the simultaneous reduction of the dimensions, particularly the height, when applying for devices high (or medium) voltage. Electrical connection is made directly, without intermediate elements between the coupling device having a working surface that can be superimposed on each other. Referring to the preferred application for high voltage and controls the electric field, the contact surface must be such as to avoid gaps that could cause an electric arc. The contact surface must be large enough to provide dielectric resistance.
In particular, in accordance with the preferred implementation, the image is the buy relates to a shielded electrode in the form of a rod, containing an electrically conductive core covered with a layer of insulator which electrically connects the two almost identical coupling devices. Each of the connecting device comprises a support made of an insulating material which can be deformed, in particular, pressing, and this deformation is determined by two almost parallel to the opposite surfaces of the connection, and a conductive paste, which is integrated in the insulating support. Insert, preferably symmetrical about the axis that passes between two parallel flat connecting surfaces, which are open in two insulating the connecting area of the bearing. Its length less than the distance between the two connecting surfaces, when the insulating material is at rest, and when making connections, insulated bearing deforms, so that the connecting surface of the conductive paste are connected at each end, and accordingly forms a contact between flat surfaces. This contact serves as the electrical connection at the level of the conductive insert and provides dielectric resistance at the level of the insulating support.
Preferably the screen is located on the outer surface of the connecting electrode in the form of a rod, except to the stroke of the contact surfaces of the devices. The contact device, the shielding may be limited.
To ensure proper dielectric resistance of the electrode in the form of a rod it is necessary to control the contact surface between the insulating and conductive components, and components of one type, so that they are airtight. Insulating bearing tightly to the conductive insert and the end of the rod connected to the conductive paste, an insulating coating is adherent to the rest of the rod, and an insulating support, so that in the contact zone there is no residual air. Insulating components, for example, made of silicone or EPDM elastomer and preferably cast over all conductive elements, mainly also made at the same time. The screen also cast from the same elastomer having such a filling, to ensure electrical conductivity, and it has almost the same characteristics on deformation.
To provide and maintain orthogonal compression of the connecting electrode, and in this way to ensure that electrical contact can be provided by means of fasteners. In particular, connecting the insert can be drilled through the center from one side, so that there can be inserted a means of fasteners, such as screws or the finger.
The electrode can be the ü is connected with locking device, installed on the surface of the connection devices that are not used for electrical connections. The cap includes a flat insulating surface, which can be overlaid on the surface is mostly hard, so that it contributes to depression and minimize possible leakage of electricity. The plug is mainly used for fixing, and it can be connected (locking or not) with the screw finger and means for screwing finger in a connecting box.
The opposite side of the connecting inserts preferably have the shape of a disk, and connecting the insert is centered between them. Preferably, it is symmetrical with respect to the average plane of the electrode.
In accordance with the preferred implementation of the connecting electrode has an oblong cross-section, with two large sides parallel to the connecting surfaces of the inserts connecting devices. Moreover, in the view perpendicular to the connecting surface, the core and the coating may be essentially linear or can form a profile in the form of the letter U, and the Central part of the rod is outside the area formed by connecting two devices at its ends, so you can insert another electrode made is accordance with the present invention, aligning the connecting device and changing the orientation of the U-shaped profiles. In accordance with the first variant, the rod has a flat shape, so that the connecting surfaces of the inserts of the two connecting devices in parallel and are in the same plane. In accordance with a second embodiment, the rod forms a shoulder or inclined portion so that the connecting surfaces of the inserts of the two connecting devices in parallel and shifted along the axis perpendicular to the said surfaces, preferably so that the surface of one of the connecting devices being in the same plane as the surface of the other coupling devices, so you can install the connecting electrodes in a stack one above the other. The number of connected electrical devices much easier.
This invention also relates to an electrode with multiple cores, in particular with three rods, a connecting device which are identical.
Advantages and features are explained in the following description of specific embodiments of the invention, given only by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, on which:
Figure 1 depicts a diagram of electrical connections of three-phase electrical device medium is atragene, which may be substituted for the electrodes made in the form of rods according to this invention;
Figa, 2B, 2C - rod made according to the invention, and the connection between the two rods at the level of their connecting devices;
Figure 3 - General view with the diversity of elements that can be used to connect terminals with the electrode according to the invention;
Figa and 4B are two connections three electric vehicles, similar to those shown in figure 1, using the electrodes according to the invention.
The connecting electrode 10 made in the form of a rod according to the invention, can be used to connect terminals of various electrical devices with each other. It is particularly suitable for the apparatus shown in figure 1, where the two terminals 2 are connected to host devices in series or parallel. The electrode 10(3) according to the invention contains several connecting devices 12, for example three, such as the rod 8. However, to keep things simple connection of the electrodes 10, 10'made in accordance with the present invention, and to make full use of tolerances on alignment and also to reduce the number of fixation points, the electrode 10 in accordance with the invention, predpochtitel is provided on the connecting device 12 only at its two ends. The presence of the third connecting device corresponds in this configuration, the connection of the two electrodes 10, 10' by a simple overlay (Figa).
In accordance with the invention, the connecting device 12 comprises a support 14 made of an insulating material. Although support may be of any shape (subject to the following conditions relative to the size and dielectric resistance), an insulating support 14 has two opposing surfaces 16, 18, intended for connection essentially flat and parallel to each other. Preferably, the connecting surfaces 16, 18 have the shape of a circle, the form that is best suited from the point of view of different dielectric requirements and to optimize directions, which have the electrodes. Also preferably, two opposing surfaces 16, 18 could be superimposed on each other so that the electrode 10 could be used regardless of its orientation. In any case, it is preferable that the electrode 10 was performed symmetrically, with all of its contact device 12 would be identical, and their contact surfaces 16, 18 are parallel to each other.
Insulating support 14, with the exception of the connecting surfaces 16, 18, mostly covered with a conductive or semi-conductive layer 20 on its outer surface the surface. The layer thickness must be sufficient to provide electrostatic shielding Assembly. The retention of the electric field within the insulating support 14 allows to increase the compactness of the connections made with the electrode 10 and provided with a device 12. It is desirable to perform a return flange on the screened surface on the periphery of the insulating plane connections 16, 18 to ensure the continuity of the shielding is in contact with another similar plane 16'.
The connecting device12 also includes the connection box 24 with high electrical conductivity, usually made of copper or aluminum, which passes through the connecting device 12 to the thickness of the latter, between two flat and parallel connection surfaces 26, 28, which are available on each side of the insulating support 14. Mainly, connecting the insert 24 is located at the center of the insulating support 14 and has a symmetrical shape, in order to remove the dielectric voltage.
To optimize the dielectric resistance, junction box 24 is integrated into the insulating support 14 and, in particular, the insulating material is molded over the insert 24 so that the surface between the two components 14, 24 is controlled and there are no vacuum p is lost (or cavity, occupied by air). For the same reasons, it is preferable that the connecting box 24 had a bulge in the Central part of the insulating support 14 to the Central diameter of the insert was greater than the diameter of the connecting surfaces 26, 28, so that the insulating material formed collar or neck 30 around the insert. A conductive paste 24 can be considered as recessed in the insulating material 14.
The size of the insulating support 14 and the thickness of the collar 30 is dependent on the size of the conductive paste 24, which in turn depends on the intensity flowing through her current and the electro-mechanical stresses. Depending on the available space of the bearing 14 may be cylindrical in shape, or just the shape of the body of rotation, and to reduce the amount of material and dimensions between the two connection surfaces 16, 18 may be formed groove. To ease the application of the connecting device 12 may include a peripheral tool 32 directions, for example, in the form of a rim formed by the screen 20.
The connecting device 12 of any of the electrodes 10 are connected to each other by means of a rod 34 having a high electrical conductivity and connected, preferably at the same time, with connection box 24. The rod 34 made of copper or aluminum, has the size, sootvetstvuyushie flowing through the current, and preferably is rigid, i.e. it cannot be compressed. However, to ensure a degree of flexibility appropriate to the tolerance on the relative location of the connecting device 12 in the connection direction (orthogonal to the connecting surface 16 and the connecting surfaces 26), the cross section of the rod 34 is preferable to a "flattened" or has an elongated shape (Figs). The rod 34 preferably has the shape of a flat rectangle with rounded edges. Large side 36 of the flat rectangle essentially parallel to the connecting surfaces 16, 18, so that they can align a small difference in position of the connecting surfaces 26, 28 in their plane. This form has an additional advantage because it reduces the electrodynamic forces in the copper rod 34.
Conductive connecting rod 34 is also connected at the ends 38 of the insulating support 14 of the connecting device 12 (Pigv). For the remainder of the length of the residual portion 42, corresponding to the apparent length of the rod 34, is covered by insulator 44, which provides sufficient dielectric resistance. To reduce the space required for placement of the electrode 10 may be made of electrostatic shielding 46 of the residual portion 42 of the rod. Set isomerous the components 14, 44 connecting electrode 10 preferably is molded on top of a set of conductive elements 24, 34 at one time. Also shielding components 20, 46 are made at the same time.
To prevent the occurrence of the arc at the electrical connection and to ensure tight contact between superimposed on each other connective devices 12, 12' of the two electrodes 10, 10' (Figa), the insulating material of the supports 14 is deformable and its thickness can be reduced due to the orthogonal shear between two opposing surfaces 16, 18. Used material can be, for example, the elastomer having a known optimal dielectric properties, especially those related to compactness. Bearing 14 may be molded from, for example, ethylene-propylenediene monomer rubber (abbreviated as EPDM) or silicone.
The height of the connection of the insert 24, defined by the distance between the two connecting surfaces 26, 28, less than the residual thickness of the insulating support 14. Orthogonal compression of the insulating support 14 can bring together the surfaces 16, 18 of the support 14, so that the distance between said surfaces is equal to the specified height. When the electrode insulating surface 16, 16' in contact with each other, deformation, while the conductive connecting surfaces 26, 26' insert 2 will not come into contact with one another and the Assembly will not be fixed in this position the fastening means as long until the required electrical connection.
In order to maintain the deformation of the two insulating supports 14, 14' and thus to ensure the contact between the connecting surfaces 26, 26' superimposed on each of the inserts 24, 24', the operation is committed. There are several options, such as the presence of laterals connected by bolts and external to the connector 12. Mostly, as shown in Figure 3, in the connection box 24 has a Central opening 48, such as a threaded hole, in which is set a fixation device, such as a bolt or finger. Even if we consider a certain tolerance holes 48 to provide a connection, this option improves the centering and thus optimizes the contact between the two insulating supports 14, 14' and their screens 20, 20'.
Efforts fit and friction is very limited by contact between the flat surfaces. Does not require the use of grease or degassing wire in the implementation of the present invention. A small decrease in thickness from the periphery to the center of the insulating support 14 may have an advantage due to the uniform distribution of the efforts of the contact pressure (this is the removal of air in the internal cavity 48 of the insert 24 between the insulating parts 26, 26”). On the contrary, one of the two surface the stay 26' may increase the thickness from the periphery to the center of the insulating support 14, so that when the compression is removed, the air that may be present on the surface close to the outer edge.
Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the electrode 10 in accordance with the present invention, the first is made conductive core (insert + rod) 24, 34, typically made of copper or aluminum, using existing technology (for example, in the form of castings). On top of this Assembly is molded insulating part 14, 44 of EPDM or silicone elastomer, preferably with an adhesive agent to ensure defect-free cohesive connection between the conductive core and an insulating coating. Can then be performed shielding cover 20, 46, for example, on the outer surface with a detached fin, using a metallization or preferably by casting the elastomer of the same type, but with filler that provides the same properties in terms of deformation around the connecting device 12, the insulating element 14 to the screen 20.
In a preferred embodiment, the connecting electrode 10 has a length between terminals 350 mm and can operate at 24 kV or 15 kV) and 630 a, and it includes two coupling devices 12, in which the connecting surfaces 16, 18 are disks with a diameter of about 105 mm (respectively, 80 mm), separated from each other is a, for example, 40 mm, which corresponds to the thickness of the insulating supports of EPDM. The connecting device 12 includes a copper insert 24 of similar height, but smaller than the distance between the two connection surfaces 16, 18. Connecting surfaces of the inserts 26, 28 correspond to the notch in the connecting surfaces 16, 18 of the insulating support 14, they are disks with a diameter of about 25 mm Thus, when making electrical connections, the insulator 14 retracts at a suitable distance on each contact surface, for example 0.5 mm, on both sides. The rod 34 having an oblong cross section with small parties in the form of a semicircle, and covered with the same insulator 44. The Assembly has a screen 20, 46 return display ledge about 0.5 mm on the periphery of the connecting surfaces 16, 18 to ensure the continuity of the shielding.
To provide insulation surface 18 of the connecting device 12, which is free (Fig. opposite electric connecting surface 16), this free surface 18 is installed, the plug 52. The cap 52 may perform the compression Assembly and to maintain the latter in a compressed position. The cap 52 includes a flat surface at least the same size as the contact surface 18, for which it is intended. Sahlu the ka is an insulating cover, the form of which is optimal for electrical resistance and which can be covered with a metallic layer for electrostatic shielding and preferably designed for continuous shielding of the connecting device 12. For durability and maximum protection against the occurrence of an electric arc preferably, the material of the stub 52 was unyielding, for example thermosetting material, thermoplastic or epoxy plastic or type polyester resin.
Preferably, to ensure deformation of the support 14 of the connecting device, which it protects, and to maintain this state, the plug 52 may be connected with a threaded rod, working in conjunction with the opening 48 of the connecting insert 24. In particular, the rigid insert 54 with a threaded hole 58 is installed in the center of the cover 52, for example, by casting cover over the insert cohesive way. The hole 58 is inserted the locking pin 50 passing through the hole 48 in the insert 24, which may be threaded into these holes. Same part 50 secures the cover 52 on the coupling device 12. About the electrical connection of this question, the insert 54 may be of any shape and may be made of any material, like steel. Preferably produce staskus metal to act as a dielectric reflector and optimal quality fasteners for fixation. Spring washer 60 may be connected with an insert or can even be fixed in it.
Depending on the application the design of the locking stub 52 can be changed, in particular, in the case of the input current cables. Instead of the described cover can be used the adapter 62 standard conic form (for example, of the type according to the standard NFC33051 or other type) (see the dotted line on Figa).
For the preferred option implementation illustrated and described above is not required, so that the latch 50 is necessarily directly connected device 12 of the electrode 10. The finger 50 may be of a smaller diameter than the diameter of the hole 48 in the inserts 24, which is not threaded, so is tolerance for placement of the electrical apparatus 1 relative to each other. The length of the finger depends on the number superimposed on each of the connecting devices 12, 12' and the length of the fixing holes 58 in the plugs 52, closing them. Cover 52 preferably contains a means of tightening the connection, for example the hex nut 64, which can be tightened with a key, allowing the Assembly of the cover 52/washer 60/finger 50 to rotate, providing compression insulating supports 14 connecting devices 12.
The cap 52 may be located on each side of the Assembly imposed by the connecting device is in 12, 12', for example, it can be determined by increasing the length of the connecting electrode 10 or preliminary Assembly Y-shaped, T-shaped or cruciform connections by means of a set of electrodes. However, in most cases, the connecting device 12 of the electrode 10 in accordance with the present invention is intended for attachment to the terminal of the electrical apparatus 1. For ease of Assembly it is preferable that both sides 16, 18 of the connecting device 12 of the electrode 10 made according to the invention, were identical. Therefore, it is clear that the connection terminal of the electrical apparatus 1 is performed by contact and compression, that is not as in previous designs. Terminal of an existing type to put the adapter with the flat area of contact on the taper.
However, advantageous for the electrical connection terminals by means of an electrode 10 according to the invention is direct contact and grip with appropriate modification of the terminals of the electrical machine 1, in particular with its "flat" is executed. In a preferred embodiment of (2 and 3), similar to the connecting device 12, the terminal 66 includes a contact surface 68, which may be imposed on the surface 18 of the support 14 of the connecting device 12 of the electrode 10 and which opens the connecting box 70, p is edocfile having a threaded hole 72, a corresponding threaded hole 58 of the stub 52. Terminal 66 is mainly composed of an insulating material, is molded over the insert 70, and preferably contains the offset cavity under the contact surface 68 for optimization of dielectric characteristics. The insert 70 mainly includes a bulge under the insulating contact surface 68 to optimize the dielectric properties. As for the cover 52, its material should be mostly undistorted, thermosetting or thermoplastic. Terminal 66 may also be screened, mainly using metallized coating, with a possible extension of the shielding on the peripheral zone of the contact surface 68. Depending on how to use the terminals 66, box 70 continues inside the electrical apparatus 1, as usual for supplying current to an electric apparatus 1.
The connection of the two terminals of the electrode 10 in accordance with the invention is simple overlay of the connecting device 12 to terminals 66 with a possible slide for alignment, in particular, in the absence of the guide element 32 and the fixing stub 52 with a finger through the hole 48 and fastened in the threaded hole 72. The method, therefore, is simplified, in addition to the possibility of compensation of lateral displacement. More t the th, when the rods 34, 34' of the electrodes 10, 10' are flat, there is their flexibility, can be compensated by the gap in the direction of fixation (i.e. the relative height of the terminals 66 of the electrical apparatus 1).
This flexibility may not be sufficient, especially when connecting several modules and the electrodes, and connected to the electrode can be an interesting option. The first electrode 10 (Figa) actually shifted in the direction orthogonal to the connecting surface 18 relative to the second electrode 10', due to the fact that their coupling devices 12, 12' are superimposed on each other. The first and last coupling devices 12, 12' of the two electrodes 10, 10' are located at a distance from each other, and this distance corresponds to the thickness of the connecting device 12. Of course, it is possible to change terminals of electrical devices, extending their (terminal 66' Figa)to raise the corresponding connection. This solution, however, difficult to apply and could not be improved. In accordance with a variant implementation of the invention provided a lifting strip 76 of the terminal 66, in General, a suitable connection devices 12 without lengthening the connecting rod 34 (Fig 3).
In accordance with another preferred implementation of the invention, some of the s connecting electrodes 10 are made so that the two connecting devices are in the same plane (Figure 2), and the other connecting the electrodes 80 contain the rod 34 with the shoulder 82, that is, part of which is inclined relative to a plane defined by the connecting surface 26 (Figa). To resolve the problem, illustrated in Figa, the size of the shoulder 82 of the connecting rod 34 in the direction orthogonal to the connecting surfaces 16, 18, corresponds to the thickness of the connecting insert 24. The length of the shoulder 82 in the longitudinal direction of the rod 34 is optimized by dielectric resistance, conductivity, etc. Part 82, which is deflected with respect to the contact surfaces 16, 18, is located preferably in the center of the connecting rod 34, and its length may be, for example, about half the distance separating the two connecting insert 24. In a preferred embodiment, the rod 34 has two end parts 84, parallel to the connecting device 12, United inclined part 82.
Moreover, especially for modular electric apparatus, the total space required for the connection through the system according to the invention, can be minimized. Actually, if the previous decision was expected offset between the terminal 2 to accommodate rods 4, 8, thanks to the proposed flat is uedineniyu possible different orientations of the electrodes 10, in particular, for the implementation of the compounds, aligned parallel to the terminals 66, 66' electrical apparatus 1 (Fig 1).
In particular, by configuring the connecting electrodes 10, 80 (Figure 4) in a standard way, it is possible to overlay the connecting device 12 and to make three connections three aligned in-line terminals. The connecting rod 34 between the coupling device 12 of the electrode 10, 80 has the shape of a letter U, which allows the connecting device 12 of the other electrode 10, 80 between the ends of the aforementioned rod. The rod 34 (FIGU, 4B) has a Central portion 86 between the two end portions 38 that are attached to the inserts 24 of the connecting device 12. When viewed perpendicular to the connecting surfaces 16, 18, the Central portion 86 of the rod 34 is located outside the zone formed by the two connecting devices 12 at its ends, so that the other connecting electrode 10 in accordance with the present invention can be installed symmetrically and to cross the first electrode.
The preferred embodiment of the invention allows thus to reduce the total space required. In particular, for the connection (Figa and 4B) the space occupied by the width - direction in the plane (x, y) of the connecting surfaces 16, may not be more than two times greater than p is stranstvo, occupied by the terminals 66. Further, the space occupied in the direction of height z between the upper surface of the terminal 66 and the extreme ends of the stub 52, when imposed two electrodes 10, 10'may be less than 200 mm
Further, as described above, the location of the terminals 66, which will be connected, can be displaced from the ideal with increased tolerance. In the same execution of the tolerance is at least ±1.5 mm in the x direction for each connecting device 12, that is, the positioning error can be up to 3 mm in relation to the perfect location (Pigv). The shaft 34, due to its Central portion 86 provides almost equivalent to the difference of the length of the connection X. moreover, due To the flat shape of the rod 34 and the molding on top of the kernel adhesive elastomer can be compensated error location height z between the poles of the two compartments to be connected.
For this type of unit assemblies 1, 1', 1" it is also possible to change the number of modules at a later stage, in particular providing easy connection terminals 1s, due to the connecting electrodes 10, 80 in accordance with the present invention. Generally speaking, any modification of the design is simplified. In particular, the addition of the compartment 1s electrical panel to increase capacity, may consist of the following steps: the pressure of three of the caps 52 on the target compartment 1", install three connecting electrodes 10, 80, with the possible addition of spacers/disc 76 at terminal 66, then screw remote covers 52 back and the three screw covers on the connecting device 12 installed on the terminal 66 of the new target compartment 1s. It is no longer necessary to completely replace the rods 8 or to provide additional terminals 2s to ensure connectivity. It is also possible to replace the cover 52 glands cable 62, if required.
Thus, according to the invention, multiple nodes perform the functions of the main electrical connection. Contact and electrical connection is achieved by moving the conductive paste 24 relative to the elastomer 14 to the surface 16, while ensuring the specified deformation of the elastomer before you will reach the electrical contact. Intimate contact is achieved by elastic deformation and adhesion of molded insulating elastomer, which at the same time guarantees the dielectric insulation of the rod 34 and connecting the inserts 24. Tight fixation is provided by a simple screw. The control dielectric effort is obtained by suitable design of the relevant components and contact surfaces, in particular their shape, material and location with the depth of the conductors 14, 34 in the insulating layer 12, 42, and is also a possible placement of the screens 20, 46, all of this contributes to the stiffness of the system.
Other components of the connection system can be subjected to modifications similar to those described above, for example, can be attached to the flat terminal 66 and/or the connecting electrode 10 in accordance with the invention, in particular, by means of the connection bracket 52. It is also possible conical connection cables with the reference plane. Conical connection cables with the reference plane includes a connector portion, similar to the connecting device 12 or the gasket 76, described above, where a conductive paste 24 is transferred to the device connection cable, which is immersed in a deformable material 14 for forming the connecting device. The specified adapter can be shielded and may form a core with a passing hole and a hollow connecting device, so you can attach the cable electrode in the form of a clamp. For connecting one end of the cable is connected with the connecting clamp. It is inserted with force into the core of deformable material, until it reaches the connection between the connecting element and the connecting device to provide an airtight contact between the holes in the core and in box 24. Thus formed device with the unity of the cable can be installed in place of the terminals 66, another device cable connection and/or coupling devices 12 of the electrode 10 made in accordance with the present invention with orthogonal compression force while inserting two components will not come into contact with each other.
Among other advantages, the connecting electrodes 10, 10', 80, made in accordance with the present invention, provide:
- exclusion of many previously required connection components, such as intermediate coupling, thereby reducing the costs and risks of missing items;
- simplification of the interface, thereby improving the reliability of the connection;
- time savings during Assembly of the connection, in particular, due to the ease of contact and easy fixation, removal of air in the zone of contact without lubrication thanks to the flat and not tapered contact surface;
- elimination of the risks of occurrence of an electric arc even in the presence of the triple contact, by reducing the dielectric voltage;
- reduced installation time thanks to better compensate for the offset of the connected components. In particular, two degrees of freedom in the Assembly can be achieved by using flat and not tapered interface and a possible slide elements relative to each other. The third partial degree of freedom reaches the I thanks a metal rod flat shape and flexibility securely attached insulator, while it is possible to adjust the height and compensation for small angular displacements of the connecting elements at the output of the electrical apparatuses;
- decreased size, particularly height, allowing the imposition of electrodes without limitations by reducing the number of interfaces;
- improvement of the compact electric apparatus, due to the possibility of alignment of the poles when connecting compartments;
- the possibility of a large number of configurations with a limited number of items;
- ease of configuration changes or expansion of the structure.
Although the invention is described with reference to the connecting electrodes in the form of a rod, designed for medium voltage compartments, it is not limited to this application. The invention may also be applied in other systems.
1. The connecting electrode in the form of a rod (10), containing
at least two connecting device (12), each of which comprises a support (14)made of an insulating material which can be deformed and which may be limited by two parallel opposing connecting surfaces (16, 18), and a conductive connector insert (24)embedded in an insulating support (14) and an opening at the level of two connecting surfaces (16, 18) at the level of two parallel Loski connecting surfaces (26, 28), and the height of the insert (24) between the two connecting surfaces (26, 28) is less than the distance between the two connecting surfaces (16, 18), when the insulating material of the support (14) is not compressed, and is equal to or more than the specified distance, when the material is completely deformed by compression between its connecting surfaces (16, 18);
conductive rod (34)connecting the connecting insert (24) of the two connecting devices (12), and leaf items (38) a conducting rod is integrated into the insulating support (14) of the connecting device (12), and the remaining part (42) is integrated into the insulating cover (44);
while contacts between insulating supports (14), conductive inserts (24), a conductive rod (34) and an insulating coating (44) of the electrode (10) are airtight.
2. The electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling rod (34) is made integral with conductive inserts (24), and an insulating support (14) is made integral with the cover (44) connecting rod (34).
3. The electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that the insulating material (14, 44) is an elastomer and molded over the conductive elements (24, 34).
4. The electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that additionally at least part of the outer surface of the electrode (10) is molded elastomer with conductive filling (20, 46) and is electrostatics is their screen.
5. The electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an electrostatic screen (20, 46) on the outer surface of the connecting electrode (10), with the exception of the connecting surfaces (16, 18) and the connecting surfaces (26, 28) of the connecting device (12).
6. The electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises an electrostatic screen (20, 46) on the outer surface of the connecting electrode (10), with the exception of the connecting surfaces (16, 18) and the connecting surfaces (26, 28) of the connecting device (12).
7. The electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the two opposing connecting surfaces (16, 18) and two connecting surfaces (26, 28) at least one connecting device (12) is made in a form superimposed on each concentric disks.
8. The electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the isolation bearing (14) of the connecting device (12) forms a collar (30) at the ends (26, 28) of the connecting insert (24), so that said insert (24) is immersed in an insulating material.
9. The electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that the isolation bearing (14) of the connecting device (12) forms a collar (30) at the ends (26, 28) of the connecting insert (24), so that said insert (24) is immersed in an insulating material.
10. The electrode (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting surface is a surface (26, 28) inserts (24) of the two connecting devices (12) are parallel and lie in the same plane.
11. Electrode (80) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting surfaces (26, 28) of the inserts (24) of the two connecting devices (12) are parallel and offset axes, perpendicular to these surfaces (26, 28) between the two connectors (12)and connecting rod (34) includes a shoulder (82).
12. The electrode (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling rod (34) has a flat shape, with its two large surfaces (36) parallel to the connecting surfaces (26, 28) of the inserts (24) of the connecting device (12).
13. The electrode (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling rod (34) has a U-shaped form, and its Central portion (86) is located between the end portions (38) so that the view is perpendicular to the connecting surfaces (26, 28), the Central part (86) of the rod (34) is located outside containment, outlined two connection devices (12).
14. The electrode (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises fastening means (48, 50) of the connecting device (12), in the direction orthogonal to the connecting surfaces (26, 28).
15. The electrode 14, characterized in that the fastening means at least one connecting device (12) includes a hole (48) in unite is part of the insert (24).
16. The electrode (10) of clause 15, characterized in that it further comprises a locking device (52) for connecting the device (12)and locking device (52) includes a flat insulating surface, which can be mapped on the surface (18) of the support (14), for which it is intended.
17. The electrode according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises fastening means (48, 50) of the connecting device (12), in the direction orthogonal to the connecting surfaces (26, 28), and the locking device (52) for connecting the device (12)and locking device (52) includes a flat insulating surface, which can be mapped on the surface (18) of the support (14), for which it is intended.
18. The electrode according to item 16, characterized in that the locking device (52) is supplied with insert (54) with the screw hole (58)and the connecting insert (24) adjacent the connecting device (12) includes a hole (48), and the specified electrode is connected with the finger (50)working together with these holes (58, 48) for locking.
19. Many of electrodes containing multiple electrodes according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that each connecting device (12, 12') are superimposed on each other.
Actuator of electrical distributing device and electrical distributing device that contains it // 2470405
SUBSTANCE: actuator of an electrical distributing device comprises a handle (6) of manual control of a movable contact (contacts) (4) and a high-speed closing shaft (7), which comprises the first lever (13), operating in connection with an element forming a cam (14) of the handle (6), and at least one second lever (15), operating accordingly in connection with at least one limiter (16). Each limiter (16) is strongly fixed to a movable contact so that the movable contact (contacts) are retained by the second lever (levers) (15) in the start of the manual closure of the handle (6) and that the cam (14) acts at the first lever (13) after above displacement of the handle (6), in order to remove the above blocking of the second lever (levers) (15) on the movable contact (contacts) (4). Such blocking causes high-speed closure of contacts (4, 5).
EFFECT: higher reliability of disengagement kinematics, due to provision of movable contacts disengagement at a controlled distance from fixed contacts and reduced impact at it from industrial variation of part parameters participating in engagement.
Screening device for current-distribution unit // 2468482
SUBSTANCE: screening device (22; 45) for current-distributing unit (17) contains screening means to close facing detail (18, 19) with venting holes (20), door of distribution cabinet in particular. Screening devices are designed so that under normal operating conditions they provide air flow through venting holes (20) inside current-distribution unit or from it, and in case of trouble they close venting holes (20) under blast effect so that air blast and hot gases escape much weakened. In order to improve screening device resistance to mechanical damage at least one screening sheet (25; 49) is provided as screening means installed with possibility of turn between side screens (23, 24, 47, 48), this sheet is confined in inclined position due to its proper weight and under blast effect it moves to vertical position.
EFFECT: improving resistance to mechanical damage.
Cabinet for electrical equipment containing plate-base with hatch for cables entry // 2461934
SUBSTANCE: cabinet contains a plate-base (4) with a hatch for cables entry and it contains a unit (5) protruding from the plate-base (4). There is a hole (46) in upper panel of the unit (5) to attach cable tray (47), and in the side panel there is a through hole against the hatch of the plate-base (4).
EFFECT: simplifying attachment of the cabinet to the tray for cable routing.
Discharger, hv insulator with discharger and hv aerial power line using such insulator // 2457592
SUBSTANCE: discharger for lightning protection of equipment elements or aerial power line contains an insulation body made of a dielectric and a multi-electrode system consisting of m (m≥5) electrodes mechanically related to the insulation body and positioned between the ends thereof so that to enable generation of an eclectic discharge between adjacent electrodes under the impact of lightning overvoltage. The electrodes are positioned inside the insulator body separated from its surface with an insulation layer. Arranged between adjacent electrodes are discharge chambers reaching the insulation body surface. At least several discharge chambers consist of two interconnected parts; the first parts of the discharge chambers the electrodes project into are designed as holes within the insulation body while the second parts of the discharge chambers, connected to the first ones, are designed as slots on the insulation body surface. Additionally disclosed are an insulator containing the said discharge device and an HV aerial power line using this insulator.
EFFECT: reliability and manufacturability improvement, service life extension and discharger construction simplification.
Control and monitoring device of cubicle switchboard cell // 2454772
SUBSTANCE: device includes the first controller (1), the second controller (2) and the third controller (3). The controller (1) is equipped with analogue inputs (4) and discreet inputs (5) for connection to corresponding outputs of cubicle switchboard cell status sensor (6). The controller (2) is equipped with sequential port (7) that is connected to touch screen (8). The controller (3) is equipped with discreet inputs (9) for connection to cell status sensor (6) and discreet outputs (10) that are connected with relay signal conditioner (11) for cell (6) control. Controllers (1), (2) and (3) are interconnected by internal local area network (LAN) (12). Controllers (2) and (3) are equipped with Ethernet double ports: controller (2) - the first double port (13), controller (3) - the second double port (14) that are designed for connection to station bus (15) and bus (16) of digital substation process correspondingly.
EFFECT: improvement of digital processing efficiency and stability of cubicle switchboard cell control.
Electric breaker with contact element installed as capable of rotation // 2444080
SUBSTANCE: breaker comprises a contact element and a displacement device. As the breaker closes and opens, the displacement device moves the contact element, and to open and close the breaker, it rotates the contact element (44) around the axis. The contact element (44) is installed on the shaft (D). The drive rotates the shaft (D) to open and close the breaker. The contact element has two contact surfaces (45, 46). In the closed position of the breaker one contact surface (45) is in contact with a bus bar (S), and the other contact surface (46) - with a conductor (43) installed in a case (41). The contact element (44) is installed radially on the shaft (D) with capability of displacement.
EFFECT: provision of reliable removal of the contact from the bus bar in case of sticking.
Electric switching device with contact element movable along movement axis // 2437179
SUBSTANCE: electric switching device includes movable contact element (5) located inside and outside insulating housing (1) and insulated gas-tightly from it. For formation of gas-tight transition there provided is the first and the second sealing elements (12a, 13a) that are pressed in turn as axial sealing elements to insulating housing (1) with enveloping shoulders (12, 13) of contact element (5). Besides, there provided is the third sealing element (11) that seals contact element (5) in radial direction.
EFFECT: creation of inexpensive switching device the service life of which is increased owing to reducing the wear of the first and the second alternately acting sealing elements.
Power switch with body // 2420847
SUBSTANCE: power switch (1) has a body (3) with a longitudinal axis (A), where a contact device (5) is installed, being in a conducting connection with the first electric conductor (9), passing through the body (3), and with the second electric conductor (15), passing through the body. The body (3) has the first (31) and the second (33) body parts. The first electric conductor (9) passes through the first body part (31), and the second electric conductor (15) passes through the second body part (33). Both body parts (31, 33) are joined to each other with the possibility of rotation relative to each other around the longitudinal axis (A) of the body.
EFFECT: making it possible to use the switch directly in the electric items to cut off the reserve power supply.
Single-side service combined chamber // 2406200
SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in three-phase a.c. distribution grids with voltage 6(10) kV and frequency 50(60) Hz and neutral being insulated and grounded through ground-fault neutraliser. This chamber consists of metal structures, bus bar elements, secondary connection circuits, power switch, current transformers and breaker. The circuit breaker is comprised of current-conductive interruption keys with base insulator drive mechanism and bushing insulator with current-conductive buses and installed so that its bushing insulators with current-conductive buses are the elements of combined chamber buses. Besides the chamber is provided with low power transformer, having primary winding connected at combined buses voltage for supplying power to secondary connection circuits of the chamber. The said transformer may be installed at the angle to horizontal plane.
EFFECT: reduced dimensions, simplified structure and dependent power supply of secondary connections circuits.
Device for sectioning air and cable lines for 35 kv power supply systems // 2406199
SUBSTANCE: device is represented as unit container having high-voltage compartment (A) where vacuum switch (4), pressure relief valve (11), measuring current transformers (14), measuring voltage transformers (13), in-house transformer (12) are installed. Telemechanics and relay protection devices (2) are installed inside control compartment (B). The following equipment is installed on the rood of unit container: overvoltage restrictors (8), horizontal swinging type breakers (7) having their blades (main and grounding) arranged so that they can be actuated from the drive (3). Input contact of vacuum switch (4) is coupled with one of breakers through restrictors (8) and bushing insulator 9. Output contact of vacuum switch (4) is connected with the other breaker (7) through measuring current transformers (14), voltage transformers (13), in-house transformers (12) and overvoltage restrictors (8) connected sequentially.
EFFECT: simplified design, improved comfort of maintenance, protection from unauthorised access and reduced material consumption and prime cost.