Source: https://casebook.icrc.org/print/20527
Timestamp: 2019-08-23 09:53:44
Document Index: 38073575

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art. 45', 'Arts 33', 'Arts 56', 'Arts 35', 'Art. 11', 'Art. 12', 'Art. 23', 'Art. 14', 'ART/375']

Home > Protecting powers
A "Protecting Power" is a neutral State [1] or other State not a Party to the conflict which has been designated by a Party to the conflict and accepted by the enemy Party and has agreed to carry out the functions assigned to a Protecting Power under international humanitarian law.
In the absence of an agreement on a Protecting Power, the International Committee of the Red Cross or any other impartial humanitarian organization [2] should be designated as a substitute.
In practice, the Protecting Powers system has not been used in recent years. Instead, the International Committee of the Red Cross has come to be recognized as a substitute for the Protecting Power.
Chapter 13, IV. 1. The Protecting Power [3]
PI, 2c [4]
PI, 5/1-2 [5]
GCI, 10 [6] (see ICRC updated Commentary [7])
GCII, 10 [8] (see ICRC updated Commentary [9])
GCIII, 10 [10]
GCIV, 11 [11]
GC III, 126(1) [12]
GC IV, 76 [13] and 143 [14]
GC III, 71(1) [15] and 72(3) [16]
GC III, 65(2) [17] and 73(3) [18]
GC IV, 23(3) [19], 55(4) [20], 59(4) [21] and 61 [22]
P I, 11(6) [23] and 70(3) [24]
P I, 78 [25]
GC III, 78(2) [26]
GC IV, 30 [27], 52 [28] and 102 [29]
GC III, 105(2) [30]
GC IV, 42 [31], 71 [32], 72 [33], 74 [34]
P I, Art. 45 [35]
GC IV, 39 [36] and 98 [37]
GC I, 16 [38] and 48 [39] (see ICRC updated Commentary [40])
GC II, 19 [41] and 49 [42] (see ICRC updated Commentary [43])
GC III, 23(3) [44], 62(1) [45], 63(3) [46], 66(1) [47], 68(1) [48], 69 [49], 75(1) [50], 77(1) [51], 120(1) [52], 122(3) [53] and 128 [54]
GC IV, 83 [55] and 137 [56]
P I, Arts 33 [57], 45 [35] and 60 [58]
GC III, Arts 56(3) [59], 60(4) [60], 79(4) [61], 81(6) [62], 96(5) [63], 100(1) [64], 101 [65], 104(1) [66] and 107(1) [67]
GC IV, Arts 35 [68], 42 [31], 49(4) [69], 71 [32], 72 [33], 74 [34], 75 [70], 96 [71], 98 [37], 105 [72], 108 [73], 111 [74], 123(5) [75], 129 [76] and 145 [77]
GC I-III, common Art. 11 [78] (see ICRC updated Commentary [79])
GC IV, Art. 12 [80]
GC I, Art. 23 [81] (see ICRC updated Commentary [82])
GC IV, Art. 14 [83]
Switzerland Acting as Protecting Power in World War II [84]
United Kingdom/Germany, Sinking of the Tübingen in the Adriatic [85]
British Policy Towards German Shipwrecked [86]
United States Military Tribunal at Nuremberg, The Ministries Case [87]
ICRC, Iran/Iraq Memoranda [88]
Malaysia, Osman v. Prosecutor [89]
South Africa, S. v. Petane [90]
COULIBALY Hamidou, “Le rôle des Puissances protectrices au regard du droit diplomatique, du droit de Genève et du droit de La Haye”, in KALSHOVEN Frits & SANDOZ Yves (eds), Implementation of International Humanitarian Law, Dordrecht, M. Nijhoff, 1989, pp. 69-78.
DOMINICÉ Christian & PATRNOGIC Jovica, “Les Protocoles additionnels aux Conventions de Genève et le système
des puissances protectrices”, in Annales de Droit International Médical, No. 28, 1979, pp. 24-50.
WYLIE Neville, “Protecting Powers in a Changing World”, in Politorbis, revue de politique étrangère, No. 40, 2006, pp. 6-14
Source URL: https://casebook.icrc.org/glossary/protecting-powers
[1] https://casebook.icrc.org/glossary/neutral-state
[2] https://casebook.icrc.org/glossary/humanitarian-organisations
[3] https://casebook.icrc.org/law/implementation-mechanisms#iv_1
[4] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=696C11E357DC2C9AC12563CD0051D659
[5] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=618A63724ED44823C12563CD0051D6A6
[6] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=BEF79902B343C195C12563CD00519F09
[7] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Comment.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=85D4222674253FAAC1257F7D0035A6C7
[8] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=67403CAC2C6205ACC12563CD0051A58D
[9] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Comment.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=8A7A199E00B4B041C1258115003BAA5D
[10] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=0C498FD69BB810A4C12563CD0051AB2C
[11] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=7E1E884B4477A458C12563CD0051BA68
[12] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=7906C83A016D8A9EC12563CD0051B596
[13] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=076982CDB0849904C12563CD0051BFFD
[14] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=E902285DB5A35160C12563CD0051C602
[15] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=8067DFA54C1FB627C12563CD0051B05F
[16] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=5B6D33D75E95617AC12563CD0051B080
[17] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=F3B6AFDAE401E206C12563CD0051AFE4
[18] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/ART/375-590089?OpenDocument
[19] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=4FBC9DEAB064E2B7C12563CD0051BB76
[20] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=8803ECCAB8E2414BC12563CD0051BE3B
[21] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=EDA33BAD877F6183C12563CD0051BE90
[22] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=2E92F5892258BB6FC12563CD0051BEBC
[23] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=28D300B20C31500CC12563CD0051D79F
[25] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=AF6D036649078A20C12563CD0051E0C4
[26] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=85FAF2BA6EAB3A60C12563CD0051B116
[27] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=AD69C22B86FA520DC12563CD0051BC09
[28] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=758CBCF0A53FE435C12563CD0051BE09
[29] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=759B5D79CD8A83EAC12563CD0051C28F
[30] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=5CF3FFAD4325DDB6C12563CD0051B359
[31] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=CD09FF06E39FC75AC12563CD0051BD1A
[32] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=102B74614C048640C12563CD0051BF7E
[33] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=3C891729F943ABE6C12563CD0051BF9D
[34] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=321E17F2D83ABA49C12563CD0051BFC8
[35] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=DD198B7E9C5EE792C12563CD0051DBE5
[36] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=381B4142910B69A8C12563CD0051BCD3
[37] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=08FBE908A77095A1C12563CD0051C1FB
[38] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=799151C4C9C07C6EC12563CD00519FC4
[39] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=02FAC9D8D85DF789C12563CD0051A2A2
[40] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Comment.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=3C522B552C02FD91C1257F150049E0A8
[41] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=C49C775CB64507B9C12563CD0051A66A
[42] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=525C7B1B37D8D510C12563CD0051A8CC
[43] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Comment.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=9474A0FBD49EDD3DC1258115003C3557
[44] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=9DF27C33D9C0CD43C12563CD0051AC5A
[45] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=74214325D0325FE0C12563CD0051AF9E
[46] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=237F01643F9B614AC12563CD0051AFB6
[47] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=8D224C45409225D4C12563CD0051AFFB
[48] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=BD17CC8CA98A7E36C12563CD0051B020
[49] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=993D344EAEED3E3BC12563CD0051B03B
[50] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=E4C09F44E2C4B837C12563CD0051B0CC
[51] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=4859A3E957844B55C12563CD0051B101
[52] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=40E27CDD24CF64F3C12563CD0051B4D5
[53] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=D5DB08032EF1E670C12563CD0051B517
[54] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=0B690FCC53ACA47EC12563CD0051B5C4
[55] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=D400C40F626F6D95C12563CD0051C083
[56] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=4FCED73E65FB9732C12563CD0051C585
[57] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=B9AC1957F13CFC98C12563CD0051DA78
[58] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=1DA6804D318A5157C12563CD0051DE08
[59] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=9EFB0AC0B21AF357C12563CD0051AF15
[60] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=20A27E4768ED47CBC12563CD0051AF68
[61] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=CF7F1CB085627F32C12563CD0051B137
[62] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=8B1A13888029C23CC12563CD0051B16D
[63] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=C8A733B8DA660AFCC12563CD0051B298
[64] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=DC4FD1618DF61FECC12563CD0051B2F2
[65] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=FCECACB66847EAB3C12563CD0051B30A
[66] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=6B1814CEBB2CA6B4C12563CD0051B33C
[67] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=E3D5B98E9667D01AC12563CD0051B38C
[68] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=3ED6299567787851C12563CD0051BC67
[69] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=77068F12B8857C4DC12563CD0051BDB0
[70] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=2A1B5D75836400A8C12563CD0051BFE5
[71] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=869EFB6CB4CCBFF5C12563CD0051C1C9
[72] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=F479877CFD484B8CC12563CD0051C2CC
[73] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=979F9BEE196BF642C12563CD0051C30B
[74] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=8820F6F840EFB325C12563CD0051C35E
[75] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=55F0405F88FE15A1C12563CD0051C44C
[76] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=5C7C7C166D55893FC12563CD0051C4D6
[77] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=A6EB6B4F840AF8E0C12563CD0051C62B
[78] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=2E3726657E7D68D0C12563CD00519F2E
[79] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Comment.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=E8A0F12E48030B54C1257F7D003587D4
[80] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=BD570C6268FFC636C12563CD0051BA8E
[81] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=237F1A81D86D8B9AC12563CD0051A07F
[82] https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Comment.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=064AD4047D38D443C1257F7A0054F2E2
[83] https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&amp;documentId=89E3AD97A4E5117AC12563CD0051BAB2
[84] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/switzerland-acting-protecting-power-world-war-ii
[85] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/united-kingdomgermany-sinking-tubingen-adriatic
[86] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/british-policy-towards-german-shipwrecked
[87] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/united-states-military-tribunal-nuremberg-ministries-case
[88] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/icrc-iraniraq-memoranda
[89] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/malaysia-osman-v-prosecutor
[90] https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/south-africa-s-v-petane