Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP5333067B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-11 00:21:26
Document Index: 106544222

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 13', 'art 14', 'art 14', 'art 16', 'art 14', 'art 16', 'art, 12', 'art, 14', 'art, 15', 'art, 17']

JP5333067B2 - Image display device and head-mounted display - Google Patents
Image display device and head-mounted display Download PDF
JP5333067B2
JP5333067B2 JP2009199568A JP2009199568A JP5333067B2 JP 5333067 B2 JP5333067 B2 JP 5333067B2 JP 2009199568 A JP2009199568 A JP 2009199568A JP 2009199568 A JP2009199568 A JP 2009199568A JP 5333067 B2 JP5333067 B2 JP 5333067B2
JP2009199568A
JP2011053267A (en
JP2011053267A5 (en
2009-08-31 Priority to JP2009199568A priority Critical patent/JP5333067B2/en
2011-03-17 Publication of JP2011053267A publication Critical patent/JP2011053267A/en
2012-08-30 Publication of JP2011053267A5 publication Critical patent/JP2011053267A5/ja
2013-11-06 Publication of JP5333067B2 publication Critical patent/JP5333067B2/en
The present invention relates to an image display device used for allowing an observer to observe a two-dimensional image formed by an image forming device, and a spectacle-type that incorporates such an image display device and is attached to an observer's head. The present invention relates to a head-mounted display (HMD) having a frame.
As shown in a conceptual diagram in FIG. 1, the image display apparatus 100 includes an image forming apparatus 111 having a plurality of pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, and collimated light emitted from the pixels of the image forming apparatus 111. A collimating optical system 112, and an optical device (light guiding means) 120 that receives the light that is collimated by the collimating optical system 112, is guided, and is emitted. The optical device 120 includes a light guide plate such that after incident light propagates through the interior through total reflection, the emitted light guide plate 121 and the light incident on the light guide plate 121 are totally reflected inside the light guide plate 121. First deflecting means 130 (for example, comprising a single layer of light reflecting film) that reflects the light incident on 121, and second light that causes light propagating through the interior of the light guide plate 121 to be emitted from the light guide plate 121. The deflecting unit 140 (for example, a light reflecting multilayer film having a multilayer laminated structure) is used. For example, if an HMD is configured by such an image display apparatus 100, the apparatus can be reduced in weight and size.
As shown in a conceptual diagram in FIG. 6, the image display apparatus 300 basically receives an image forming apparatus 111 that displays an image, a collimating optical system 112, and light displayed on the image forming apparatus 111. And an optical device (light guide means) 320 that guides to the pupil 41 of the observer. Here, the optical device 320 includes a light guide plate 321, and a first diffraction grating member 330 and a second diffraction grating member 340 made of a reflective volume hologram diffraction grating provided on the light guide plate 321. Then, light emitted from each pixel of the image forming apparatus 111 is incident on the collimating optical system 112, and parallel light is generated by the collimating optical system 112 and is incident on the light guide plate 321. Parallel light enters and exits from the first surface 322 of the light guide plate 321. On the other hand, a first diffraction grating member 330 and a second diffraction grating member 340 are attached to a second surface 323 of the light guide plate 321 that is parallel to the first surface 322 of the light guide plate 321.
A head-mounted display that detects the angle at which the head-mounted display is tilted from the horizontal using an attitude sensor and keeps the display image horizontal by a control drive device such as image processing or a motor is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2000. No. 312319. By using a head-mounted display having such a mechanism, the observer can observe a horizontal image even if the observer's head is tilted.
Special table 2005-521099 JP 2006-162767 A JP2007-94175 JP 2000-312319 A
By the way, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-312319, a rotation transmission mechanism such as a posture sensor or a motor is necessary, and the weight of the entire head-mounted display is increased, the manufacturing cost is increased, and the power consumption is reduced. There is a problem of increase. Furthermore, when the display image is rotated by image processing and the display image is held horizontally, the image forming apparatus having a large display area is required for such processing because the display image is rotated. In addition, since characters and the like are displayed obliquely, it is necessary to increase the resolution of the image forming apparatus in order to display beautiful characters.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to increase the weight, increase the manufacturing cost, increase the power consumption, and to prevent the observer wearing the head-mounted display from rotating the display image by image processing. To provide a head-mounted display that allows an observer to observe an image held horizontally even when the head is tilted, and an image display device suitable for use in such a head-mounted display. It is in.
In order to achieve the above object, an image display device of the present invention comprises:
(B) an optical system that collimates the light emitted from the image forming apparatus,
(C) an optical device in which a light beam converted into parallel light by the optical system is incident, guided, and emitted; and
(D) a support member that rotatably supports at least the image forming apparatus with respect to the optical device;
At least the assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member has a center of gravity at a position away from the rotation center axis of the support member, and rotates at least the image forming apparatus with respect to the optical device by gravity, thereby Hold the image forming apparatus horizontally.
The image display apparatus is composed of the above-described image forming apparatus of the present invention. The head mounted display according to the first aspect of the present invention may include one image display device of the present invention (one eye type) or two (both both). Eye type). There is no relative movement between the optical device and the frame. That is, the optical device is placed stationary with respect to the frame.
A head mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.
(B) an image forming apparatus that is rotatably attached to the frame by a support member;
The assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member has a center of gravity at a position away from the rotation center axis of the support member, and rotates the image forming apparatus with respect to the frame by gravity, whereby the image forming apparatus is Hold horizontally. The head mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention may include one image forming apparatus (one eye type) or two (binocular type). .
In the image display device of the present invention or the image display device in the head-mounted display according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least the assembly of the image forming device and the support member is from the rotation center axis of the support member. It has a center of gravity at a distant position, and at least the image forming apparatus is rotated with respect to the optical apparatus by gravity, so that the image forming apparatus is held horizontally. In the head-mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention, the assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member has a center of gravity at a position away from the rotation center axis of the support member, The image forming apparatus is rotated with respect to the frame by gravity, so that the image forming apparatus is held horizontally. Therefore, with a simple configuration and structure, the observer can observe an image held horizontally even when the head of the observer wearing the head-mounted display is tilted. In addition, there is no increase in weight, manufacturing cost, power consumption, and there is no need to rotate the display image by image processing, and an image forming apparatus having a large display area is unnecessary, and image formation is not necessary. There is no need to increase the resolution of the apparatus.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an image display apparatus according to the first embodiment. 2A and 2B are a diagram schematically illustrating light propagation in a light guide plate constituting the image display device of Example 1, and a conceptual diagram illustrating an arrangement state of the light guide plate and the like. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of Example 1 as viewed from above. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of Example 1 as viewed from the side. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the image display apparatus according to the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of the image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an arrangement state of light guide plates and the like that configure the image display apparatus according to the fifth embodiment. FIGS. 9A and 9B are a diagram schematically illustrating light propagation in the light guide plate constituting the image display device of Example 6, and a conceptual diagram illustrating an arrangement state of the light guide plate and the like. FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of Example 6 as viewed from the side. FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams schematically showing light propagation in the light guide plate constituting the image display apparatus of Example 7, and conceptual diagrams showing the arrangement state of the light guide plate and the like. FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of Example 8 as viewed from the side. FIGS. 13A and 13B schematically show that the observer can observe a horizontally held image even when the head of the observer wearing the head-mounted display of the embodiment is tilted. FIG. FIGS. 14A and 14B are conceptual diagrams illustrating arrangement states of modified examples of the light guide plate and the like constituting the image display devices of the first and fifth embodiments, respectively. FIG. 15 is a schematic view of one form of the head-mounted display of Example 1 viewed from the side.
1. 1. General description of the image display apparatus of the present invention, and the head-mounted display according to the first and second aspects of the present invention Example 1 (the image display device of the present invention and the head-mounted display according to the first aspect of the present invention)
7). Example 6 (Modification of Examples 1 to 5)
8). Example 7 (another modification of Example 6)
9. Example 8 (head-mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention, etc.)
[Description of the Image Display Device of the Present Invention and the Head-Mounted Display According to the First and Second Aspects of the Present Invention]
The image display device of the present invention or the image display device in the head-mounted display according to the first aspect of the present invention (hereinafter, these are collectively referred to simply as “the image display device of the present invention”) The support member can be configured to rotatably support the image forming apparatus with respect to the optical device and the optical system. And in such a configuration,
The support member is disposed between the first cylindrical member, the second cylindrical member, and the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member, and rotates the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member relatively. A moving member,
An image forming apparatus is disposed in the first cylindrical member,
An optical system is disposed in the second cylindrical member,
The optical device can be configured to be attached to the second cylindrical member.
The image forming apparatus may be disposed in the first cylindrical member by attaching the image forming apparatus to the inner surface of the first cylindrical member by an appropriate mounting means / mounting method. In addition, the arrangement of the optical system in the second cylindrical member may be performed by attaching the optical system to the inner surface of the second cylindrical member by an appropriate attachment means / attachment method. Furthermore, the second cylindrical member may be attached to the optical device by an appropriate attachment means / attachment method. The support member, more specifically, the second cylindrical member may be attached to the frame, but such attachment may be performed using an appropriate attachment means / attachment method, and the support member, more specifically, the second cylindrical member may be attached. It may be fixed to the frame (more specifically, the temple part, the front part, or the rim part), or may be detachably attached to the frame (more specifically, the temple part, the front part, or the rim part). Good.
Alternatively, in the image display device or the like of the present invention, the support member can be configured to rotatably support the image forming device and the optical system with respect to the optical device. And in such a configuration,
An image forming apparatus and an optical system are disposed in the first cylindrical member,
In addition, the image forming apparatus and the optical system may be disposed in the first cylindrical member by attaching the image forming apparatus and the optical system to the inner surface of the first cylindrical member by an appropriate mounting means and mounting method. The second cylindrical member may be attached to the optical device by an appropriate attachment means / attachment method. The support member, more specifically, the second cylindrical member may be attached to the frame, but such attachment may be performed using an appropriate attachment means / attachment method, and the support member, more specifically, the second cylindrical member may be attached. It may be fixed to the frame (more specifically, the temple part, the front part, or the rim part), or may be detachably attached to the frame (more specifically, the temple part, the front part, or the rim part). Good.
In the image display apparatus or the like of the present invention, at least the assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member has a center of gravity at a position away from (centered from) the rotation center axis of the support member. The image forming apparatus or the like may be supported by the support member so that the center of gravity is not positioned on the rotation center axis of the support member. In the head-mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention, the image forming apparatus has a center of gravity at a position away (eccentric) from the rotation center axis of the support member. The image forming apparatus may be supported by the support member so that the center of gravity of the forming apparatus is not located on the rotation center axis of the support member. That is, in the image display apparatus of the present invention, more specifically, the center of gravity of the support member coincides with the rotation center axis of the support member, and the center of gravity of the image forming apparatus is located away from the rotation center axis of the support member. The center of gravity of the image forming apparatus coincides with the rotation center axis of the support member, and the center of gravity of the support member can be positioned away from the rotation center axis of the support member. The center of gravity of the entire assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member may be located away from the rotation center axis of the support member. In the head-mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention, specifically, the center of gravity of the support member coincides with the rotation center axis of the support member, and the center of gravity of the image forming apparatus is the rotation of the support member. The center of the image forming apparatus may be positioned away from the center axis, the center of gravity of the image forming apparatus may coincide with the center of rotation of the support member, and the center of gravity of the support member may be positioned away from the center of rotation of the support member. Alternatively, the center of gravity of the entire assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member may be positioned away from the rotation center axis of the support member.
In the image display device or the like of the present invention, the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member constituting the support member may be made of, for example, plastic or metal, and the size (diameter) of the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member. And the length) may be appropriately determined in consideration of the size of the image forming apparatus, the optical system, the optical apparatus, the entire head-mounted display, and the like. What is necessary is just to arrange | position a 1st cylindrical member and a 2nd cylindrical member in a nested form via a rotation member. The first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member may be disposed so that the first cylindrical member covers the second cylindrical member, or the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member are disposed so that the second cylindrical member covers the first cylindrical member. Two cylindrical members may be arranged. The rotating member disposed between the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member may be constituted by, for example, a ball bearing (ball bearing, ball bearing), a thrust bearing (thrust bearing), a roller bearing, or a sliding bearing. it can.
The support member in the head-mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention may also be composed of, for example, a first cylindrical member and a second cylindrical member made of plastic or metal. The size (diameter and length) of the cylindrical member may be appropriately determined in consideration of the overall size of the image forming apparatus and the head-mounted display. By disposing a rotating member similar to the above between the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member, the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member can be relatively rotated. What is necessary is just to arrange | position a 1st cylindrical member and a 2nd cylindrical member in a nested form via a rotation member. The first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member may be disposed so that the first cylindrical member covers the second cylindrical member, or the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member are disposed so that the second cylindrical member covers the first cylindrical member. Two cylindrical members may be arranged. The image forming apparatus may be disposed within the first cylindrical member. The image forming apparatus may be disposed within the first cylindrical member by attaching the image forming apparatus to the inner surface of the first cylindrical member with an appropriate mounting means / mounting method. Good. The image forming apparatus is attached to the frame by the support member so as to be rotatable with respect to the frame. Specifically, the second cylindrical member may be attached to the frame. More specifically, the second cylindrical member may be attached to the frame by an appropriate attachment means / attachment method. The support member may be fixed to a frame (more specifically, a temple part, a front part, or a rim part), or detachable from a frame (more specifically, a temple part, a front part, or a rim part). It may be attached.
In order to suppress excessive relative rotation between the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member, a configuration in which the rotation unit includes appropriate rotation control means (a kind of brake), or the first cylinder An appropriate rotation control means (a kind of brake) may be arranged between the member and the second cylindrical member.
In the image display device or the like of the present invention, the center point of the optical device that is incident on the optical device is a central ray that is emitted from the center of the image forming device and passes through the image forming device side node of the optical system. An axis passing through the optical device center point and parallel to the axial direction of the optical device is defined as an X axis, and an axis passing through the optical device center point and coincident with the normal line of the optical device is defined as a Y axis.
In the image display device or the like of the present invention, the central ray can be configured to intersect with the XY plane at an angle (θ) other than 0 degrees, thereby attaching the image display device to the attachment portion of the spectacle-shaped frame. The restriction on the mounting angle of the image display device is reduced, and a high degree of design freedom can be obtained. In this case, it is preferable that the central ray is included in the YZ plane from the viewpoint of handling and setting of the image display device and ease of attachment. Further, the optical axis of the optical system is included in the YZ plane and can intersect with the XY plane at an angle other than 0 degrees, or the optical axis of the optical system is parallel to the YZ plane. , And parallel to the XY plane, and can pass through a position off the center of the image forming apparatus. When it is assumed that the XY plane coincides with the horizontal plane, the angle θ at which the central ray intersects the XY plane can be an elevation angle. That is, the central ray is directed from the lower side of the XY plane toward the XY plane and collides with the XY plane. In this case, the XY plane preferably intersects with the vertical plane at an angle other than 0 degrees, and further, the XY plane preferably intersects with the vertical plane at an angle θ. Although the maximum value of θ is not limited, it can be 5 degrees. Here, the horizontal plane is a line of sight when an observer looks at an object positioned in the horizontal direction (for example, a horizontal object, an object at infinity, a horizon or a horizontal line) ("observer's horizontal line of sight"). And a plane containing two pupils of the observer positioned horizontally. The vertical plane is a plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Alternatively, when the observer looks at an object located in the horizontal direction (for example, a horizontal object, an object at infinity, a horizon or a horizontal line), a central ray emitted from the optical device and incident on the pupil of the observer Can be in the form of a depression. As the depression angle with respect to the horizontal plane, for example, 5 to 45 degrees can be exemplified.
In the image display device and the like of the present invention including the preferable configuration and form described above, the optical device is
It can be set as the structure provided with. The term “total reflection” means total internal reflection or total reflection inside the light guide plate. The same applies to the following. The center point of the first deflecting means corresponds to the center point of the optical device.
When color image display is performed by the image display device or the like of the present invention, the first diffraction grating member or the second diffraction grating member is divided into different P types (for example, P = 3, and three types of red, green, and blue). In order to cope with diffraction reflection of P types of light having a wavelength band (or wavelength) of P), a P-layer diffraction grating layer composed of a reflective volume hologram diffraction grating can be laminated. Each diffraction grating layer is formed with interference fringes corresponding to one type of wavelength band (or wavelength). Alternatively, in order to cope with diffraction reflection of P types of light having different P types of wavelength bands (or wavelengths), P is applied to the first diffraction grating member or the second diffraction grating member formed of one diffraction grating layer. It can also be set as the structure in which the kind of interference fringe is formed. Alternatively, for example, the angle of view can be divided into three equal parts, and the first diffraction grating member or the second diffraction grating member can be configured by laminating diffraction grating layers corresponding to each angle of view. By adopting these configurations, the diffraction efficiency increases when the light having each wavelength band (or wavelength) is diffracted and reflected by the first diffraction grating member or the second diffraction grating member, and the diffraction acceptance angle is increased. Increase and optimization of the diffraction angle can be achieved.
Alternatively, in the image display device or the like according to the present invention, the optical device is configured to include a semi-transmissive mirror that receives the light emitted from the image forming device and emits the light toward the observer's pupil. Can do. The light emitted from the image forming apparatus may be structured to propagate in the air and enter the semi-transmissive mirror. For example, a transparent member such as a glass plate or a plastic plate (specifically, described later) A structure may be adopted in which the light propagates through the inside of a member made of the same material as that of the light guide plate and enters the semi-transmissive mirror. The transflective mirror may be attached to the image forming apparatus via this transparent member, or the transflective mirror may be attached to the image forming apparatus via a member different from the transparent member.
In the image display apparatus and the like of the present invention including the various preferable forms and configurations described above, the image forming apparatus can have a plurality of pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. Note that such a configuration of the image forming apparatus is referred to as an “image forming apparatus having a first configuration” for convenience.
As an image forming apparatus having the first configuration, for example, an image forming apparatus including a reflective spatial light modulator and a light source; an image forming apparatus including a transmissive spatial light modulator and a light source; and organic EL (Electro Luminescence) An image forming apparatus composed of a light emitting element such as an inorganic EL or a light emitting diode (LED) can be given. Among them, an image forming apparatus composed of a reflective spatial light modulator and a light source is preferable. Examples of the spatial light modulator include a light valve, for example, a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display device such as LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon), and a digital micromirror device (DMD), and a light emitting element as a light source. be able to. Furthermore, the reflective spatial light modulator reflects a part of light from the liquid crystal display device and the light source to the liquid crystal display device, and passes a part of the light reflected by the liquid crystal display device. In this case, a polarization beam splitter that leads to the optical system can be used. Examples of the light emitting element that constitutes the light source include a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, a blue light emitting element, and a white light emitting element, or red light emitted from the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element. Alternatively, white light may be obtained by mixing green light and blue light with a light pipe and performing luminance uniformity. Examples of the light emitting element include a semiconductor laser element, a solid state laser, and an LED. The number of pixels may be determined based on specifications required for the image display device. Specific values of the number of pixels are 320 × 240, 432 × 240, 640 × 480, 1024 × 768, 1920 × 1080, and the like. Can be illustrated. By disposing the light source on the lower side, the center of gravity of the image forming apparatus can be positioned away from the rotation center axis of the support member.
Alternatively, in the image display device or the like of the present invention including the preferable modes and configurations described above, the image forming device is configured to include a light source and a scanning unit that scans the parallel light emitted from the light source. Can do. Note that such a configuration of the image forming apparatus is referred to as an “image forming apparatus having a second configuration” for convenience.
Examples of the light source in the image forming apparatus having the second configuration include a light emitting element, and specifically include a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, a blue light emitting element, and a white light emitting element, or a red light emitting element. White light may be obtained by mixing red light, green light, and blue light emitted from the light-emitting element, green light-emitting element, and blue light-emitting element, and using a light pipe for color mixing and luminance equalization. Examples of the light emitting element include a semiconductor laser element, a solid state laser, and an LED. The number of pixels (virtual pixels) in the image forming apparatus having the second configuration may also be determined based on specifications required for the image display apparatus. As a specific value of the number of pixels (virtual pixels), 320 * 240, 432 * 240, 640 * 480, 1024 * 768, 1920 * 1080 etc. can be illustrated. In addition, when color image display is performed and the light source is composed of a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, and a blue light emitting element, it is preferable to perform color composition using, for example, a cross prism. Examples of the scanning means include a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and a galvanometer mirror having a micromirror that can rotate in a two-dimensional direction. By disposing the light source on the lower side, the center of gravity of the image forming apparatus can be positioned away from the rotation center axis of the support member.
In the image forming apparatus having the first configuration or the image forming apparatus having the second configuration, an optical system (an optical system in which outgoing light is parallel light, which may be referred to as “parallel light outgoing optical system”) For example, collimated optical system or relay optical system) makes a plurality of parallel lights incident on the light guide plate. Such a request for the parallel light is that these lights are directed to the light guide plate. This is based on the fact that the light wavefront information at the time of incidence needs to be preserved even after being emitted from the light guide plate via the first deflecting means and the second deflecting means. In order to generate a plurality of parallel lights, specifically, for example, the light emitting part of the image forming apparatus may be positioned at the position (position) of the focal length in the parallel light emitting optical system, for example. . The parallel light emission optical system has a function of converting pixel position information into angle information in the optical system of the optical device. As the parallel light emitting optical system, an optical system having a positive optical power as a whole, which is a single lens or a combination of a convex lens, a concave lens, a free-form surface prism, and a hologram lens, can be exemplified. A light shielding member having an opening may be disposed between the parallel light emitting optical system and the light guide plate so that undesired light is emitted from the parallel light emitting optical system and does not enter the light guide plate.
As an image forming apparatus in the head-mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention, for example, an image forming apparatus composed of a transmissive spatial light modulator and a light source, specifically, a transmissive liquid crystal display device is used. Can be mentioned. The number of pixels may be determined based on specifications required for the image forming apparatus. Specific values of the number of pixels include 320 × 240, 432 × 240, 640 × 480, 1024 × 768, 1920 × 1080, and the like. Can be illustrated.
With the image display device of the present invention, for example, a head-mounted display can be configured, the device can be reduced in weight and size, and discomfort when the device is mounted can be greatly reduced. In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
In the head-mounted display according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention including the preferred embodiment and configuration described above, the frame includes a front portion disposed in front of the observer, and both ends of the front portion. It is possible to adopt a structure comprising two temple portions rotatably attached to a hinge. A modern portion is attached to the tip of each temple portion.
Furthermore, in the head-mounted display of the present invention including the various configurations and forms described above, a configuration in which a nose pad is attached can be adopted. That is, when the entire head mounted display of the present invention is viewed, the frame and nose pad assembly has substantially the same structure as normal glasses. Note that the rim portion may or may not be provided. The material constituting the frame can be composed of the same material as that constituting normal glasses such as metal, alloy, plastic, and a combination thereof. The nose pad can also have a known configuration and structure.
In the head-mounted display of the present invention, from the viewpoint of design or ease of mounting, wiring from one or two image forming apparatuses (signal lines, power supply lines, etc.) is a temple part and is modern. It is desirable to extend from the tip of the modern part to the outside through the inside of the part and to be connected to an external circuit (control circuit). Furthermore, each image forming apparatus includes a headphone section, and the headphone section wiring from each image forming apparatus is routed from the tip of the modern section to the headphone section via the temple section and the interior of the modern section. It can also be made into the extended form. Examples of the headphone unit include an inner ear type headphone unit and a canal type headphone unit. More specifically, the headphone part wiring preferably has a form extending from the tip part of the modern part to the headphone part so as to wrap around the back side of the auricle (ear shell).
The head-mounted display of the present invention includes, for example, movie subtitle display, play and kabuki, Noh, kyogen, opera, music festival, ballet, various theaters, amusement park, museum, sightseeing spot, vacation Display of various explanations on the ground, sightseeing guides, etc .; Display of various explanations during operation, operation, maintenance, disassembly, etc. of various devices, symbols, signs, marks, marks, designs, etc .; Objects such as persons and articles It can be used to display various explanations, symbols, symbols, marks, marks, designs, etc .; closed captions.
Example 1 relates to the image display device of the present invention and the head mounted display according to the first aspect of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the image display device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A schematically illustrates light propagation in the light guide plate constituting the image display device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2B is a conceptual diagram showing an arrangement state of light guide plates and the like constituting the display device. Furthermore, the schematic diagram which looked at the head mounted display of Example 1 from upper direction is shown in FIG. 3, and the schematic diagram seen from the side is shown in FIG.
The image display devices 100, 200, 300, and 400 according to the first embodiment or the second to seventh embodiments described later are:
(B) Optical systems (parallel light emission optical systems) 112, 254 that make light emitted from the image forming apparatuses 111, 211 parallel light.
(C) The optical devices 120, 320 that the light beams converted into parallel light by the optical systems 112, 254 are incident, guided, and emitted, and
(D) Support members 500 and 600 that at least support the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 with respect to the optical devices 120 and 320, respectively.
Further, the head mounted display of Example 1 or Example 2 to Example 7 described later is:
(A) a glasses-type frame 10 mounted on the observer's head; and
(B) the image display devices 100, 200, 300, 400 attached to the frame 10;
It has. The head mounted display of the embodiment is specifically a binocular type including two image display devices, but may be a single eye type including one. Further, the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 display a monochrome image.
In Embodiment 1 or Embodiments 2 to 7 described later, at least the assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support members 500 and 600 is separated from the rotation center axis AX of the support members 500 and 600. It has a center of gravity CG at the position, and at least the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 are rotated with respect to the optical apparatuses 120 and 320 by gravity, thereby holding the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 horizontally. In FIGS. 2B, 8, 12, and 14A and 14B, the rotation center axis AX of the support members 500 and 600 is indicated by a dotted line and passes through the center of gravity CG. An axis parallel to the central axis AX is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
In Embodiment 1 or Embodiments 2 to 4 described later, the support member 500 supports the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 with respect to the optical devices 120 and 320 and the optical systems 112 and 254 so as to be rotatable. The support member 500 is disposed between the first cylindrical member 501, the second cylindrical member 502, and the first cylindrical member 501 and the second cylindrical member 502, and the first cylindrical member 501 and the second cylindrical member 502. And a rotating member 503 for relatively rotating the two. Further, the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 are arranged in the first cylindrical member 501, the optical systems 112 and 254 are arranged in the second cylindrical member 502, and the optical apparatuses 120 and 320 are arranged in the first cylindrical member 501. Two cylindrical members 502 are attached.
The first cylindrical member 501 and the second cylindrical member 502 are made of, for example, plastic or metal. The sizes (diameter and length) of the first cylindrical member 501 and the second cylindrical member 502 are the sizes of the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211, the optical systems 112 and 254, the optical apparatuses 120 and 320, and the entire head mounted display. These may be determined as appropriate in consideration of the above. The first cylindrical member 501 and the second cylindrical member 502 are arranged in a nested manner via a rotating member 503 including a ball bearing (ball bearing, ball bearing).
In addition, the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 may be arranged in the first cylindrical member 501 by attaching the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 to the inner surface of the first cylindrical member 501 with an appropriate mounting means and mounting method. Are attached by a method of fitting the casings 113 </ b> A and 213 </ b> A storing the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 to the inner surface of the first cylindrical member 501. Further, the optical systems 112 and 254 may be disposed in the second cylindrical member 502 by attaching the optical systems 112 and 254 to the inner surface of the second cylindrical member 502 with an appropriate mounting means and mounting method. The housings 113 </ b> B and 213 </ b> B storing the optical systems 112 and 254 were attached by a method of fitting to the inner surface of the second cylindrical member 502. Although the support member 500, more specifically, the second cylindrical member 502 is attached to the frame 10, specifically, the support member 500, more specifically, the second cylindrical member 502 is attached to the frame 10 (more specifically, Is fixed to the temple portion 13). In addition, you may attach to the temple part 13 so that attachment or detachment is possible. There is no relative movement between the optical devices 120, 320 and the frame 10. That is, the optical devices 120 and 320 are placed stationary with respect to the frame 10.
In Embodiment 1 or Embodiments 2 to 7 described later, at least the assembly of the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 and the support members 500 and 600 is separated from the rotation center axis AX of the support members 500 and 600 (eccentricity). The image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 are supported by the support member 500 so that the center of gravity CG of the assembly is not positioned on the rotation center axis AX of the support members 500 and 600. , 600.
In Example 1 or Examples 2 to 7 to be described later, the central ray CL emitted from the centers of the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 and passed through the image forming apparatus side nodes of the optical systems 112 and 254 is the optical apparatuses 120 and 320. Is the optical device center point O, passes through the optical device center point O, passes through the axis parallel to the axial direction of the optical devices 120 and 320, passes through the optical device center point O, and passes through the optical device center point O. The axis that coincides with the normal line of 320 is taken as the Y axis.
The optical devices 120 and 320 in Example 1 or Example 2 to Example 7 to be described later are:
It has. The center point of the first deflection means 130 and 330 is the optical device center point O. The optical devices 120 and 320 are a see-through type (semi-transmissive type).
Here, in the first embodiment, the first deflection unit 130 and the second deflection unit 140 are disposed inside the light guide plate 121. The first deflecting unit 130 reflects the light incident on the light guide plate 121, and the second deflecting unit 140 transmits and reflects the light propagated through the light guide plate 121 by total reflection over a plurality of times. To do. That is, the first deflecting unit 130 functions as a reflecting mirror, and the second deflecting unit 140 functions as a semi-transmissive mirror. More specifically, the first deflecting means 130 provided inside the light guide plate 121 is made of aluminum (Al), and is composed of a light reflecting film (a kind of mirror) that reflects light incident on the light guide plate 121. Has been. On the other hand, the second deflecting means 140 provided inside the light guide plate 121 is composed of a multilayer laminated structure in which a large number of dielectric laminated films are laminated. The dielectric laminated film is composed of, for example, a TiO 2 film as a high dielectric constant material and an SiO 2 film as a low dielectric constant material. A multilayer laminated structure in which a large number of dielectric laminated films are laminated is disclosed in JP-T-2005-521099. In the drawing, a six-layer dielectric laminated film is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. A thin piece made of the same material as that constituting the light guide plate 121 is sandwiched between the dielectric laminated film and the dielectric laminated film. In the first deflecting unit 130, the parallel light incident on the light guide plate 121 is reflected (or diffracted) so that the parallel light incident on the light guide plate 121 is totally reflected inside the light guide plate 121. . On the other hand, in the second deflecting unit 140, the parallel light propagated through the light guide plate 121 by total reflection is reflected (or diffracted) a plurality of times, and in the state of the parallel light from the light guide plate 121, the pupil 41 of the observer. It is emitted toward
Here, in Example 1 or Examples 2 to 7 to be described later, the light guide plates 121 and 321 made of optical glass or plastic material have a light propagation direction (X axis) due to total internal reflection of the light guide plates 121 and 321. It has two parallel surfaces (the 1st surface 122,322 and the 2nd surface 123,323) extended in parallel. The first surfaces 122 and 322 and the second surfaces 123 and 323 are opposed to each other. Then, parallel light enters from the first surfaces 122 and 322 corresponding to the light incident surface, propagates through the interior by total reflection, and then exits from the first surfaces 122 and 322 corresponding to the light emitting surface. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the light incident surface may be configured by the second surfaces 123 and 323, and the light output surface may be configured by the first surfaces 122 and 322.
In Example 1 or Example 3 described later, the image forming apparatus 111 is an image forming apparatus having a first configuration, and includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. Specifically, the image forming apparatus 111 includes a reflective spatial light modulator 150 and a light source 153 including a light emitting diode that emits white light. Each image forming apparatus 111 as a whole is housed in a housing 113A (indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 1), and the optical system 112 is housed in a housing 113B (indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 1). The housing 113B is provided with an opening (not shown), and light is emitted from the optical system (parallel light emitting optical system, collimating optical system) 112 through the opening. The reflective spatial light modulator 150 reflects part of the light from the liquid crystal display device (LCD) 151 composed of LCOS as a light valve and the light source 153 and leads it to the liquid crystal display device 151, and the liquid crystal The polarizing beam splitter 152 is configured to pass a part of the light reflected by the display device 151 and guide the light to the optical system 112. The liquid crystal display device 151 includes a plurality of (for example, 640 × 480) pixels (liquid crystal cells) arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. The polarization beam splitter 152 has a known configuration and structure. Unpolarized light emitted from the light source 153 collides with the polarization beam splitter 152. In the polarization beam splitter 152, the P-polarized component passes and is emitted out of the system. On the other hand, the S-polarized component is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 152, enters the liquid crystal display device 151, is reflected inside the liquid crystal display device 151, and is emitted from the liquid crystal display device 151. Here, among the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 151, the light emitted from the pixel displaying “white” contains a lot of P-polarized components, and the light emitted from the pixel displaying “black” is S-polarized light. Contains many ingredients. Accordingly, among the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 151 and colliding with the polarization beam splitter 152, the P-polarized component passes through the polarization beam splitter 152 and is guided to the optical system 112. On the other hand, the S-polarized component is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 152 and returned to the light source 153. The optical system 112 is composed of, for example, a convex lens, and the image forming apparatus 111 (more specifically, the liquid crystal display device 151) is disposed at a focal position (position) in the optical system 112 in order to generate parallel light. Has been. The light source 153 is disposed below the liquid crystal display device 151.
The frame 10 includes a front portion 11 disposed in front of the observer, two temple portions 13 rotatably attached to both ends of the front portion 11 via hinges 12, and tip portions of the temple portions 13. It consists of a modern part 14 (also called tip cell, ear pad, ear pad) attached. A nose pad (not shown) is attached. Further, the casings 113B and 213B are detachably attached to the temple portion 13 by the attachment member 18. The frame 10 is made of metal or plastic. The support members 500 and 600 may be attached in a state of being fixed to the temple portion 13 by the attachment member 18. For an observer who owns and wears glasses, a support member may be detachably attached to the temple portion of the frame of the glasses owned by the observer by the attachment member 18.
Furthermore, a wiring (a signal line, a power supply line, etc.) 15 extending from one image forming apparatus 111A extends from the distal end portion of the modern portion 14 to the outside via the temple portion 13 and the modern portion 14. . Further, each of the image forming apparatuses 111A and 111B includes a headphone unit 16, and a headphone unit wiring 17 extending from each of the image forming devices 111A and 111B is provided inside the temple unit 13 and the modern unit 14. It extends from the tip of the modern part 14 to the headphone part 16. More specifically, the headphone part wiring 17 extends from the tip part of the modern part 14 to the headphone part 16 so as to wrap around the back side of the auricle (ear shell). With such a configuration, it is possible to provide a clean head mounted display without giving an impression that the headphone unit 16 and the headphone unit wiring 17 are randomly arranged.
In the image display apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, the assembly of the image forming apparatus 111 and the support member 500 has the center of gravity CG at a position away from the rotation center axis AX of the support member 500. The image forming apparatus 111 is rotated with respect to the optical device 120 to hold the image forming apparatus 111 horizontally. Therefore, with a simple configuration and structure, the observer can observe an image held horizontally even when the head of the observer wearing the head-mounted display is tilted. FIGS. 13A and 13B schematically show that the observer can observe an image held horizontally even when the head of the observer wearing the head-mounted display is tilted. . In addition, there is no increase in weight, an increase in manufacturing cost, and an increase in power consumption, and there is no need to rotate the display image by image processing, and an image forming apparatus having a large display area is unnecessary, There is no need to increase the resolution of the image forming apparatus.
The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, a conceptual diagram of the image display device 200 in the head mounted display of the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the image forming device 211 is configured by the image forming device having the second configuration. ing. That is, a light source 251 and scanning means 253 that scans the parallel light emitted from the light source 251 are provided. More specifically, the image forming apparatus 211 is
It is composed of The light source 251, the collimating optical system 252, and the scanning unit 253 are housed in a housing 213A (indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 5), and the parallel light emitting optical system (relay optical system 254) is the housing 213B. (Indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 5), the housing 213B is provided with an opening (not shown), and light is emitted from the relay optical system 254 through the opening. The The support member 500 is detachably attached to the temple portion 13 by the attachment member 18. The light source 251 is disposed below the collimating optical system 252 and the scanning unit 253.
The optical device 120 in which the light beam that has been converted into parallel light by the relay optical system 254 is incident, guided, and emitted has the same configuration and structure as the optical device described in the first embodiment. Omitted. The head-mounted display of the second embodiment also has substantially the same configuration and structure as the head-mounted display of the first embodiment except that the image forming apparatus 211 is different as described above. The detailed explanation is omitted.
The third embodiment is also a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 6A shows a conceptual diagram of the image display device 300 in the head mounted display of the third embodiment. FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating. In the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the image forming apparatus 111 includes the image forming apparatus having the first configuration. The optical device 320 has the same basic configuration and structure as the optical device 120 of the first embodiment, except that the configuration and structure of the first deflecting unit and the second deflecting unit are different.
In the third embodiment, the first deflecting unit and the second deflecting unit are disposed on the surface of the light guide plate 321 (specifically, the second surface 323 of the light guide plate 321). The first deflection unit diffracts the light incident on the light guide plate 321, and the second deflection unit diffracts the light propagated through the light guide plate 321 by total reflection over a plurality of times. Here, the first deflecting unit and the second deflecting unit include a diffraction grating element, specifically a reflective diffraction grating element, and more specifically a reflective volume hologram diffraction grating. In the following description, the first deflecting means composed of the reflection type volume hologram diffraction grating is referred to as “first diffraction grating member 330” for convenience, and the second deflection means composed of the reflection type volume hologram diffraction grating is referred to as “first diffraction means for convenience. This is called “2 diffraction grating member 340”.
In the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment described later, the first diffraction grating member 330 and the second diffraction grating member 340 are configured by laminating one diffraction grating layer. Each diffraction grating layer made of a photopolymer material is formed with interference fringes corresponding to one type of wavelength band (or wavelength), and is produced by a conventional method. The pitch of the interference fringes formed in the diffraction grating layer (diffractive optical element) is constant, the interference fringes are linear, and are parallel to the Z axis. In addition, the axis line of the 1st diffraction grating member 330 and the 2nd diffraction grating member 340 is parallel to the X axis, and the normal line is parallel to the Y axis.
FIG. 6B is an enlarged schematic partial cross-sectional view of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating. In the reflection type volume hologram diffraction grating, interference fringes having an inclination angle φ are formed. Here, the inclination angle φ refers to an angle formed between the surface of the reflective volume hologram diffraction grating and the interference fringes. The interference fringes are formed from the inside to the surface of the reflection type volume hologram diffraction grating. The interference fringes satisfy the Bragg condition. Here, the Bragg condition refers to a condition that satisfies the following formula (A). In equation (A), m is a positive integer, λ is the wavelength, d is the pitch of the grating plane (the interval in the normal direction of the imaginary plane including the interference fringes), and Θ is the angle of incidence of the incident on the interference fringes To do. In addition, when light enters the diffraction grating member at the incident angle ψ, the relationship among Θ, the tilt angle φ, and the incident angle ψ is as shown in Expression (B).
As described above, the head mounted display of the third embodiment has substantially the same configuration and structure as the head mounted display of the first embodiment except that the optical device 320 is different. Omitted.
The fourth embodiment is a modification of the third embodiment. FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram of the image display device in the head mounted display of the fourth embodiment. The light source 251, the collimating optical system 252, the scanning unit 253, the parallel light emitting optical system (relay optical system 254), and the like in the image display device 400 of the fourth embodiment have the same configuration and structure (image of the second configuration) as the second embodiment. Forming apparatus). Further, the optical device 320 in the fourth embodiment has the same configuration and structure as the optical device 320 in the third embodiment. The head-mounted display according to the fourth embodiment has substantially the same configuration and structure as the head-mounted display according to the first embodiment except for the above differences, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
The fifth embodiment is a modification of the first to fourth embodiments. In the first to fourth embodiments, the support member 600 is configured to rotatably support the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 with respect to the optical devices 120 and 320 and the optical systems 112 and 254. On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 which is a conceptual diagram showing an arrangement state of the light guide plate and the like, the support member 600 includes the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 and the optical systems 112 and 254 as the optical apparatus 120,. 320 is supported so as to be rotatable. The support member 600 is disposed between the first cylindrical member 601, the second cylindrical member 602, and the first cylindrical member 601 and the second cylindrical member 602, and the first cylindrical member 601 and the second cylindrical member 602 are connected to each other. A rotation member 603 that relatively rotates is provided. The image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 and the optical systems 112 and 254 are disposed in the first cylindrical member 601. The optical devices 120 and 320 are the second ones. A cylindrical member 602 is attached.
The image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 and the optical systems 112 and 254 are arranged in the first cylindrical member 601 with respect to the first cylinder by an appropriate mounting means and mounting method. What is necessary is just to attach to the inner surface of the member 601. Specifically, the housing that stores the entire image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 and the optical systems 112 and 254 is attached by a method of fitting the inner surface of the first cylindrical member 601. Further, the second cylindrical member 602 may be attached to the optical device 120 or 320 by specifically attaching the second cylindrical member 602 to the optical device by an appropriate attachment means / attachment method. The support member 600, more specifically, the second cylindrical member 602 is attached to the frame 10, but such attachment may be performed by using an appropriate attachment means / attachment method, and the support member 600, more specifically, the second cylinder. The member 602 is fixed to the frame (more specifically, the temple portion 13), but may be detachably attached to the frame 10 (more specifically, the temple portion 13).
Except for the above points, the configuration and structure of the image display device and head-mounted display of Example 5 are the same as the configuration and structure of the image display device and head-mounted display of Examples 1 to 4. Detailed description will be omitted.
The sixth embodiment is a modification of the first to fifth embodiments. FIG. 9A schematically shows light propagation in the light guide plate constituting the image display device of Example 6, and the arrangement state of the light guide plate and the like constituting the image display device of Example 6 is shown in FIG. B) is shown as a conceptual diagram, and FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the head-mounted display of Example 6 as viewed from the side.
In the first to fifth embodiments, in the image display apparatuses 100 and 300, the central ray CL that is emitted from the center of the image forming apparatus 111 and passes through the image forming apparatus side nodes of the optical systems 112 and 254 is guided. It is designed to collide with the optical plates 121 and 321 vertically. That is, the central ray CL is designed to enter the light guide plates 121 and 321 at an incident angle of 0 degree. In this case, the center of the displayed image coincides with the perpendicular direction of the first surfaces 122 and 322 of the light guide plates 121 and 321.
In such an image display apparatus represented by the image display apparatus 100, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the center of the image forming apparatus 111 on the optical axis of the collimating optical system 112 is used. The central light beam CL emitted from the light beam is converted into substantially parallel light by the collimating optical system 112 and then enters the first surface (incident surface) 122 of the light guide plate 121 perpendicularly. Then, the light travels along the propagation direction A while being totally reflected between the first surface 122 and the second surface 123 by the first deflecting means 130. Subsequently, the central ray CL is reflected and diffracted by the second deflecting unit 140, and is emitted vertically from the first surface 122 of the light guide plate 121 to reach the observer's pupil 41.
In the see-through head mounted display, in order to prevent the optical devices 120 and 320 from getting in the way when an observer looks at an object located in the horizontal direction, the observer's horizontal line of sight is displayed. It is necessary to arrange the optical devices 120 and 320 so as to be shifted downward from (observer's horizontal line of sight). In such a case, the image display devices 100 and 300 are disposed below the observer's horizontal line of sight. By the way, in such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 15, it is necessary to incline the entire image display device 100 by an angle θ ″, and a glasses-type frame for mounting on the observer's head. The angle θ ″ at which the image display device 100 can be tilted may be limited or the degree of freedom in design may be reduced due to the relationship with the attachment portion (temple portion). Therefore, it is more desirable to provide an image display device that can be arranged with a high degree of freedom and that has a high degree of design freedom so as not to obstruct the observer's horizontal line of sight.
In the sixth embodiment, the central ray CL intersects the XY plane at an angle (θ) other than 0 degrees. Further, the central ray CL is included in the YZ plane. Furthermore, in Example 6 or Example 7 described later, the optical axes of the optical systems 112 and 254 are included in the YZ plane and intersect with the XY plane at an angle other than 0 degrees, specifically, at an angle θ. (See FIGS. 9A and 9B). Further, in the head-mounted display of Example 6 or Example 7 described later, when it is assumed that the XY plane coincides with the horizontal plane, the angle θ at which the central ray CL intersects the XY plane is an elevation angle. That is, the central ray CL is directed from the lower side of the XY plane toward the XY plane and collides with the XY plane. The XY plane intersects with the vertical plane at an angle other than 0 degrees, specifically, at an angle θ.
In Example 6, θ = 5 degrees. More specifically, in such a configuration, the central ray CL (indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 10) is included in the horizontal plane. The optical devices 120 and 320 are inclined by an angle θ with respect to the vertical plane. In other words, the optical devices 120 and 320 are inclined by an angle (90−θ) degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. Further, the central ray CL ′ (indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 10) emitted from the optical devices 120 and 320 is inclined by an angle 2θ with respect to the horizontal plane. That is, when the observer looks at an object in the horizontal direction and at infinity, the central ray CL ′ emitted from the optical devices 120 and 320 and incident on the observer's pupil forms a depression angle θ ′ (= 2θ) ( (See FIG. 10). The angle formed by the central ray CL ′ and the normal line of the optical devices 120 and 320 is θ. In FIG. 9A or later-described FIG. 11A, the point where the central ray CL ′ is emitted from the optical devices 120 and 320 is indicated by “O ′”, and the X axis passing through the point O ′, Axis lines parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis are represented by the X ′ axis, the Y ′ axis, and the Z ′ axis. Note that the central ray CL emitted from the centers of the image forming apparatuses 111 and 211 is not limited to a form included in the horizontal plane, and may be a form that intersects the horizontal plane at a desired angle (a depression angle) other than 0 degrees. it can. In addition, when the observer looks at an object in the horizontal direction and at infinity, the central ray CL ′ that is emitted from the optical devices 120 and 320 and enters the observer's pupil can be configured to form an elevation angle.
In the image display device according to the sixth embodiment or the image display device constituting the head-mounted display according to the sixth embodiment, the central ray CL intersects the XY plane at an angle (θ) other than 0 degrees. Here, the central ray CL ′ emitted from the optical device and incident on the pupil of the observer forms a depression angle θ ′.
θ ′ = 2θ
Are in a relationship. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 15, in order to obtain the same depression angle, it is necessary to incline the entire image display apparatus by the angle θ ″. Here, the relationship between θ ″ and θ is
θ ”= 2θ
After all, in the example shown in FIG. 15, the optical device must be tilted by 2θ with respect to the vertical plane. On the other hand, in the sixth embodiment, the optical device may be inclined by θ with respect to the vertical plane, and the image forming apparatus may be held horizontally. Therefore, there are few restrictions on the attachment angle of the image display device when attaching the image display device to the attachment part of the spectacle-shaped frame, and a high degree of freedom in design can be obtained. Further, since the inclination of the optical device with respect to the vertical plane is smaller than that in the example shown in FIG. 15, a phenomenon that external light is reflected by the optical device and enters the observer's pupil is unlikely to occur. Therefore, a higher quality image can be displayed.
The seventh embodiment is a modification of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 11A schematically shows light propagation in the light guide plate constituting the image display device of Example 7, and a conceptual diagram showing the arrangement state of the light guide plate and the like constituting the image display device of Example 7. This is shown in FIG. Here, in Example 7, the optical axis of the optical system (parallel light emitting optical system, collimating optical system) 112 is parallel to the YZ plane, parallel to the XY plane, and the image forming apparatus 111. Passes a position off the center of the. With such a configuration, the central ray CL is included in the YZ plane and intersects the XY plane at an elevation angle θ.
Example 8 relates to a head mounted display according to the second aspect of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the head mounted display of Example 8 is a schematic diagram viewed from the side.
(B) an image forming apparatus 711 that is rotatably attached to the frame 10 by a support member 700;
The assembly of the image forming apparatus 711 and the support member 700 has a center of gravity CG at a position away from the rotation center axis AX of the support member 700, and rotates the image formation apparatus 711 with respect to the frame 10 by gravity. The image forming apparatus 711 is held horizontally. In the eighth embodiment, two image forming apparatuses 711 are provided (binocular type), but a single eye type may be provided. The image forming apparatus 711 is an image forming apparatus that includes a transmissive spatial light modulation device that displays a monochrome (white) image and a light source, specifically, a transmissive liquid crystal display device. The number of pixels was the same as in Example 1.
In the head mounted display according to the eighth embodiment, the image forming apparatus 711 has the center of gravity CG at a position away (eccentric) from the rotation center axis AX of the support member 700, but specifically, the image forming apparatus 711. The image forming apparatus 711 is supported by the support member 700 so that the center of gravity CG is not positioned on the rotation center axis AX of the support member 700.
Also in the eighth embodiment, the support member 700 includes a first cylindrical member 701 and a second cylindrical member 702 made of, for example, plastic or metal. The sizes (diameter and length) of the first cylindrical member 701 and the second cylindrical member 702 may be appropriately determined in consideration of the overall size of the image forming apparatus 711 and the head mounted display. . A rotating member 703 similar to that of the first embodiment is disposed between the first cylindrical member 701 and the second cylindrical member 702, and the first cylindrical member 701 and the second cylindrical member 702 are relatively rotated. Can be moved. The first cylindrical member 701 and the second cylindrical member 702 are arranged in a nested manner via a rotating member 703. The image forming apparatus 711 may be disposed in the first cylindrical member 701. The image forming apparatus 711 is disposed in the first cylindrical member 701 by the first cylindrical member by an appropriate mounting means and mounting method. It may be attached to the inner surface of 701. Specifically, the housing of the image forming apparatus 711 is attached by a method of fitting the inner surface of the first cylindrical member 701. Further, the image forming apparatus 711 is attached to the frame 10 so as to be rotatable with respect to the frame 10 by the support member 700. Specifically, the second cylindrical member 702 may be attached to the frame 10. More specifically, the second cylindrical member 702 may be fixed or detachably attached to the rim portion, the front portion 11 or the temple portion 13 by an appropriate attachment means / attachment method.
In the head-mounted display according to the eighth embodiment, the assembly of the image forming apparatus 711 and the support member 700 has the center of gravity CG at a position away from the rotation center axis AX of the support member 700, and due to gravity. The image forming apparatus 711 is rotated with respect to the frame 10 to hold the image forming apparatus 711 horizontally. Therefore, with a simple configuration and structure, the observer can observe an image held horizontally even when the head of the observer wearing the head-mounted display is tilted. In addition, there is no increase in weight, an increase in manufacturing cost, and an increase in power consumption, and there is no need to rotate the display image by image processing, and an image forming apparatus having a large display area is unnecessary, There is no need to increase the resolution of the image forming apparatus.
As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on the preferable Example, this invention is not limited to these Examples. The configurations and structures of the image display device, the support member, and the head-mounted display described in the embodiments are examples and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the structure of the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member in the support member described in the first embodiment or the fifth embodiment can be changed as shown in FIGS. That is, the bottom plates 504 and 604 are provided at the portions of the second cylindrical members 502 and 602 facing the observer, and the protrusions 505 and 605 are provided inward from the center of the bottom plates 504 and 604. A structure in which the first cylindrical members 501 and 601 rotate through the rotating members 503 and 603 can be used. In addition, as long as the two members constituting the support member are rotatable with respect to each other, the shape of these members may not be cylindrical. Further, a surface relief hologram (see US 20040062505A1) may be disposed on the light guide plate. In the optical device 320 according to the third or fourth embodiment, the diffraction grating element can be a transmission diffraction grating element, or any one of the first deflection means and the second deflection means. One may be configured by a reflection type diffraction grating element, and the other may be configured by a transmission type diffraction grating element. Alternatively, the diffraction grating element can be a reflective blazed diffraction grating element.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Frame, 11 ... Front part, 12 ... Hinge, 13 ... Temple part, 14 ... Modern part, 15 ... Wiring (signal line, power supply line, etc.), etc. Headphone part, 17 ... headphone part wiring, 18 ... mounting member, 41 ... pupil, 100, 200, 300,400 ... image display device, 111,711 ... image forming device, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 112 ... Optical system (collimating optical system), 113A, 113B, 213A, 213B ... Housing, 120, 320 ... Optical device (light guide means), 121, 321 ... Light guide plate, 122, 322: first surface of light guide plate, 123, 323: second surface of light guide plate, 124, 125: part of light guide plate, 130: first deflecting means, 140: second Deflection means 330 ... first deflection means (first diffraction case) Members), 340, second deflecting means (second diffraction grating member), 150, reflective spatial light modulator, 151, liquid crystal display (LCD), 152, polarizing beam splitter, 153 ... Light source, 251 ... Light source, 252 ... Collimating optical system, 253 ... Scanning means, 254 ... Optical system (relay optical system), 255 ... Cross prism, 256 ... All Reflective mirror, 500, 600, 700 ... support member, 501, 601, 701 ... first cylindrical member, 502, 602, 702 ... second cylindrical member, 503, 603, 703 ... rotation Members, 504, 604... Bottom plate, 505, 605... Projection, AX... Rotation center axis of support member, CG... Axis passing through center of gravity and parallel to rotation center axis AX
At least the assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member has a center of gravity at a position away from the rotation center axis of the support member, and rotates at least the image forming apparatus with respect to the optical device by gravity, thereby Hold the image forming device horizontally ,
The support member rotatably supports the image forming apparatus with respect to the optical device and the optical system,
The optical device is an image display device attached to the second cylindrical member .
At least the assembly of the image forming apparatus and the support member has a center of gravity at a position away from the rotation center axis of the support member, and rotates at least the image forming apparatus with respect to the optical device by gravity, thereby Hold the image forming device horizontally,
The support member rotatably supports the image forming apparatus and the optical system with respect to the optical apparatus ,
The optical device is a head-mounted display attached to the second cylindrical member .
The support member rotatably supports the image forming apparatus and the optical system with respect to the optical apparatus,
Frame, any one of claims 1 to 4 consisting of a front portion disposed in front of the observer, the opposite ends of the front portion and two temple portions pivotally attached to via a hinge Head-mounted display as described in 1.
JP2009199568A 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 Image display device and head-mounted display Active JP5333067B2 (en)
JP2009199568A JP5333067B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 Image display device and head-mounted display
EP20100008141 EP2290427B1 (en) 2009-08-31 2010-08-04 Image display apparatus and head mounted display
US12/805,636 US8570243B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2010-08-11 Image display apparatus and head mounted display
CN 201010261309 CN102004312A (en) 2009-08-31 2010-08-23 Image display apparatus and head mounted display
KR1020100081304A KR101662848B1 (en) 2009-08-31 2010-08-23 Image display apparatus and head mounted display
US13/971,897 US8964300B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2013-08-21 Image display apparatus and head mounted display
JP2011053267A JP2011053267A (en) 2011-03-17
JP2011053267A5 JP2011053267A5 (en) 2012-08-30
JP5333067B2 true JP5333067B2 (en) 2013-11-06
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JP2009199568A Active JP5333067B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 Image display device and head-mounted display
US (2) US8570243B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2290427B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5333067B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101662848B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102004312A (en)
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2009-08-31 JP JP2009199568A patent/JP5333067B2/en active Active
2010-08-04 EP EP20100008141 patent/EP2290427B1/en active Active
2010-08-11 US US12/805,636 patent/US8570243B2/en active Active
2010-08-23 CN CN 201010261309 patent/CN102004312A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
2010-08-23 KR KR1020100081304A patent/KR101662848B1/en active IP Right Grant
2013-08-21 US US13/971,897 patent/US8964300B2/en active Active
KR20110023769A (en) 2011-03-08
US20110050547A1 (en) 2011-03-03
US20130342914A1 (en) 2013-12-26
KR101662848B1 (en) 2016-10-05
CN102004312A (en) 2011-04-06
EP2290427A1 (en) 2011-03-02
EP2290427B1 (en) 2013-11-06
US8964300B2 (en) 2015-02-24
US8570243B2 (en) 2013-10-29
JP2011053267A (en) 2011-03-17