Source: http://www.google.com/patents/USRE40669?dq=6480844
Timestamp: 2017-11-19 08:59:28
Document Index: 690051186

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3', 'art 3']

Patent USRE40669 - Blood pump - Google Patents
A pump especially designed for pumping blood comprises a bladder, the interior surface area and volume of which is changeable, i.e., it stretches and expands during the filling phase, and elastically contracts to its normal relaxed size during the ejection phase. The bladder has a fluid inlet and a fluid...http://www.google.com/patents/USRE40669?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent USRE40669 - Blood pump
Publication number USRE40669 E1
Application number US 11/156,362
Also published as CA2459543A1, DE60230876D1, EP1416877A2, EP1416877A4, EP1416877B1, US6579223, US20030032854, WO2003015841A2, WO2003015841A3
Publication number 11156362, 156362, US RE40669 E1, US RE40669E1, US-E1-RE40669, USRE40669 E1, USRE40669E1
Inventors Arthur Palmer
Original Assignee Arthur Palmer
Patent Citations (38), Non-Patent Citations (19), Referenced by (2), Classifications (13), Legal Events (2)
US RE40669 E1
an elastic bladder, at least a portion of the interior surface area of said bladder being changeable between a contracted state have having a first surface area and an expanded state having a second surface area that is substantially greater than said first surface area, said bladder having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;
means for causing substantially one-way fluid flow through said bladder;
a housing around at least a portion of said bladder, an annular a volume being defined in the space between said housing and said bladder, said annular volume being occupied by a driving fluid;
means for changing the pressure of said driving fluid in said annular volume to alternately expand and contract said bladder to change the interior surface area and volume of said bladder; and
a driving fluid flow regulating means in said annular volume space between said bladder and said housing for expanding and contracting selected areas of said bladder adapted, in a filling phase, to expand a selected area of said bladder adjacent said inlet and thereafter progressively expand the remaining areas of said bladder towards said bladder outlet substantially in the direction of fluid flow, and during an ejection phase, to initially contract said bladder adjacent said bladder inlet and thereafter progressively contract the remaining areas of the bladder towards said bladder outlet said bladder substantially in the direction of fluid flow.
2. A fluid pump as in claim 1, wherein said actuating driving fluid is a gas and said pressure changing means comprises a vacuum pump.
3. A fluid pump as in claim 1, wherein said actuating driving fluid is a liquid and said pressure changing means comprises a hydraulic pump.
4. A fluid pump as in claim 1, wherein said actuating driving fluid is a gel.
6. A fluid pump as in claim 1, further comprising means for controlling the expansion and contraction of said bladder in addition to said driving fluid flow regulating means.
7. A blood pump as in claim 6, further comprising wherein said means for controlling comprises at least one of an extensible strut spanning the interior of said bladder, a band on said bladder, and said bladder comprised of a plurality of different materials.
a housing around at least a portion of said bladder and defining a space between said housing and said bladder for receiving a bladder actuating fluid;
means for alternately increasing and decreasing the pressure of said actuating fluid for alternately expanding and contracting said bladder to change the interior surface area and volume of said bladder;
means for causing substantially one-way fluid flow through said bladder; and
wherein said bladder and said actuating fluid are a unitary body of semisolid material, the surface of said semisolid material functioning as said bladder interior surface.
11. A method of pumping blood in the circulatory system of a human in the need thereof comprising the steps of
(a) providing a blood pumping system having an extensible and contractible bladder, said pumping system having an inlet and a fluid outlet;
(b) connecting the inlet and outlet of said pumping system to the human's circulatory system;
(c) expanding a majority of the interior surface area of said pumping system by at least a few percent, including expanding the volume of the bladder to draw blood into the bladder through the inlet;
(d) contracting a majority of the interior surface area of said blood pumping system by at least a few percent, including contracting the volume of the bladder to pump blood out of the outlet of said system; and
(e) rhythmically repeating steps (c) and (d).
a bladder, at least a portion of the interior surface area of said bladder being changeable, said bladder having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, said bladder having thickness variations for controlling the expansion and contraction of said bladder, said bladder have having a thinner wall thickness at said inlet and a thicker wall thickness at said outlet;
means for alternately expanding and contracting said bladder to change the interior surface area and volume of said bladder; and
means for causing substantially one-way fluid flow through said bladder.
a bladder, at least a portion of the interior surface area of said bladder being changeable, said bladder having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;
means for alternately expanding and contracting said bladder to change the interior surface area and volume of said bladder;
at least one extensible strut spanning the interior of said bladder for controlling its expansion and contraction.
one or more bands on said bladder for controlling its expansion and contraction.
15. A fluid pump comprising:
an extensible and contractible bladder in said housing, a space defined between said housing and said bladder for receiving a bladder driving fluid, said bladder having an inlet and an outlet;
a check valve to at least one of said bladder inlet and outlet;
means for altering the pressure of the driving fluid to alternately expand and contract the interior surface area and volume of said bladder to define a pumping cycle, most of said interior surface area of said bladder adapted to expand and contract with each said pumping cycle; and
a driving fluid pressure regulator in said space to selectively control the rate of expansion or contraction of selected areas of said bladder.
16. A fluid pump as in claim 15 for pumping blood, wherein said bladder is has a curved configuration representative of a natural heart with said inlet being adjacent said outlet.
providing a blood pump having an elastic bladder having an interior and an interior surface area; and
changing said interior surface area by alternately elastically stretching said bladder and elastically contracting said bladder, said changing surface area operative to reduce the formation of blood clots on said interior surface area.
18. A method for reducing the formation of blood clots during blood pumping as defined by claim 17, wherein said elastic bladder is enclosed in a housing, a space defined between said bladder and said housing, and wherein the step of stretching and contracting said bladder includes elastically stretching said bladder by decreasing pressure in said space to below atmospheric, and contracting said bladder by increasing the pressure in said space.
20. A method of for reducing the formation of blood clots during blood pumping as in claim 17, wherein said stretching step is a filling phase comprising expanding a selected area of said bladder adjacent said inlet and thereafter progressively expanding the remaining areas of said bladder towards said bladder outlet substantially in the direction of flow; and said contracting step is an ejection phase, comprising initially contracting said bladder adjacent said inlet and thereafter progressively contracting the remaining areas of said bladder towards said outlet substantially in the direction of flow.
means for alternately expanding and contracting the bladder to change the interior surface area and volume of said bladder between a contracted state having a first surface area and an expanded state having a second surface area that is substantially greater than said first surface area;
wherein said changeable portion of said bladder is comprised of a plurality of different materials to control the rate of expansion or contraction of selected areas of said bladder.
FIGS. 1A through 1G schematically depict a first embodiment of the pump of the invention, and illustrate the pumping cycle of the same.
FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the invention similar to the second embodiment but with bands and a bladder of varying wall thickness. Parts and features of the blood pump of FIG. 5 that are the same as or similar to the parts and features of the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-2G are indicated by the same reference numerals but using numerals in the 400 series. The fourth embodiment includes optional elastic band 448 on the exterior of bladder 412. One or more such bands may be used to maintain the dimensional stability of the bladder in the same manner as the struts described in the previous embodiment. Further, bladder 412 is tapered in wall thickness. The bladder wall 452 is thinner adjacent inlet 416, becomes somewhat thicker at midpoints 452 and 454, and is thickest at 456, adjacent the outlet 418. By varying the thickness of the bladder in different areas, thin areas 452 of the bladder will stretch earlier to a greater degree than other areas during the filling phase of the pumping cycle. Some areas of the bladder such as thicker areas 456 will return to their neutral position more quickly than others during the ejection or discharge phase. By this means, the flow of blood can be directed, in a predetermined manner, through the pumping chamber. Areas of stagnation can be minimized or eliminated to decrease the potential for clotting, and areas of turbulence can be avoided to increase the efficiency of the pump and decrease damage to blood cells. Alternative variations will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art whereby the bladder may be designed to be thicker in some areas and thinner in others. The material composition of the bladder may also be varied to achieve similar results.
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US20030228350 Feb 27, 2003 Dec 11, 2003 The Research Foundation At State University Of New York Biodegradable and/or bioabsorbable fibrous articles and methods for using the articles for medical applications
US20040076661 Nov 21, 2003 Apr 22, 2004 The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York. Biodegradable and/or bioabsorbable fibrous articles and methods for using the articles for medical applications
US20040177750 Mar 11, 2003 Sep 16, 2004 Ingersoll-Rand Company Method of producing a pump
US20070197857 Apr 20, 2007 Aug 23, 2007 Arthur Palmer Method for making a blood pump and pumping blood
CH539203A Title not available
FR1439014A Title not available
GB2004331A Title not available
JPH02261465A Title not available
JPS532996A Title not available
JPS55113459A Title not available
JPS57156770A Title not available
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International Classification A61M1/10, A61M1/12, A61F2/00
Cooperative Classification A61M1/122, A61M1/1005, A61M1/1096, A61M1/1037, A61M1/1062, A61M1/1086, A61M1/1075