Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20050021096A1/en
Timestamp: 2019-10-15 05:30:31
Document Index: 752758337

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 102', 'art 102', 'art 102', 'art 102', 'art 102', 'art 102']

US20050021096A1 - Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator - Google Patents
US20050021096A1
US20050021096A1 US10/625,526 US62552603A US2005021096A1 US 20050021096 A1 US20050021096 A1 US 20050021096A1 US 62552603 A US62552603 A US 62552603A US 2005021096 A1 US2005021096 A1 US 2005021096A1
US10/625,526
US7231249B2 (en
2003-07-24 Application filed by Mirowski Family Ventures LLC filed Critical Mirowski Family Ventures LLC
2003-07-24 Priority to US10/625,526 priority Critical patent/US7231249B2/en
2003-07-24 Assigned to MIROWSKI FAMILY VENTURES, L.L.C. reassignment MIROWSKI FAMILY VENTURES, L.L.C. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOWER, MORTON M.
2005-01-27 Publication of US20050021096A1 publication Critical patent/US20050021096A1/en
2007-06-12 Publication of US7231249B2 publication Critical patent/US7231249B2/en
210000001992 Atrioventricular Node Anatomy 0 description 11
210000002216 Heart Anatomy 0 abstract description 83
210000001308 Heart Ventricles Anatomy 0 description 77
230000001746 atrial Effects 0 claims description 23
239000011133 lead Substances 0 claims description 105
230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0 abstract description 7
201000002930 sinoatrial node diseases Diseases 0 description 11
230000000638 stimulation Effects 0 abstract description title 30
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a dual chamber cardiac pacemaker comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a signal generator, a first lead, a second lead, and a distributor circuit. The first electrode electrically is coupled to an atrial chamber. The second electrode is electrically coupled to a ventricular chamber. The signal generator generates a sequential pair of electrical pacing pulses. The first lead is coupled to the signal generator and to the first electrode and the second lead is coupled to the signal generator and to the second electrode. The distributor circuit is connected between the first lead and the signal generator and between the second lead and the signal generator. The distributor circuit receives the-pair of electrical pacing pulses, distributes a first pacing pulse from the pair at a first amplitude to the first lead and distributes a second pacing pulse from the pair at a second amplitude to the second lead after a delay period.
Right ventricle lead branch 134 of lead 128 provides a connection path for carrying signals associated with right ventricle 112 from heart 102 to controller 104 and for carrying stimulating electrical signals from controller 104 to right ventricle 112. Although right ventricle lead branch 134 is shown as a branch of lead 128, right ventricle lead branch 134 may be implemented using a separate lead from controller 104.
Right ventricle electrode 136 is provided at the tip of right ventricle lead branch 132 and physically contacts one or more sites in right ventricle 112. Right ventricle electrode 136 senses the electrical activity in heart 102 associated with right ventricle 112, such as electrical impulses from AV node 118 that are propagating over right bundle branch 122. In addition, right ventricle electrode 136 delivers the stimulating electrical signals from controller 104 to right ventricle 112. Right ventricle electrode 136 may be implemented, for example, as a helical coil of wire made of a metal, such as stainless steel. Right ventricle electrode 136 may be implemented using other known structures and may also comprise a plurality of electrodes.
In particular, controller 104 may suppress or clamp the electrical pacing pulses when processor 206 detects spontaneous depolarization in heart 102 and determines that heart 102 does not require assistance based on signals received from electrodes 132,136, and 140. The signals from electrodes 132,136, and 140 may also indicate that the electrical impulses of sinus rhythm in heart 102 are propagating normally. Accordingly, processor 206 may send one or more control signals to clamping circuits 400 a and/or 400 b. In response, camping circuits 400 a-b may then alter or suppress electrical pacing pulses output from distributor 214. Although clamping circuits 400 a-b are shown connected at the output of distributor 214, clamping circuits 400 a-b may be installed anywhere in controller 104, such as between signal generator 212 and distributor 214. Clamping circuits 400 a-b are also described in more detail with reference to FIG. 9
In order to trigger application of the electrical pacing pulses, distributor 214 may include diodes 716 and 718, which are biased based on the voltage output of the LC circuits. For example, in one embodiment, diodes 716 and 718 may be implemented as Zener diodes that discharge when the respective LC circuits for diodes 716 and 718 reach a threshold voltage. Alternatively, diodes 716 and 718 may provide electrical pacing pulses based on a local electrical state of electrodes, such as electrodes 132,136, and 140, within heart 102. In particular, diodes 716 and 718 may be implemented as silicon controlled rectifiers, which are gated based on control signals from processor 206. Processor 206 may generate the control signals in response to signals received from sense amplifiers 200, 202, and 204, which are coupled to electrodes 132,136, and 140 respectively.
1. A dual chamber cardiac pacemaker, comprising:
a first electrode electrically coupled to an atrial chamber;
a second electrode electrically coupled to a ventricular chamber;
a signal generator to generate a sequential pair of pacing pulses;
a first lead coupled to the signal generator and to the first electrode;
a second lead coupled to the signal generator and to the second electrode; and
a distributor circuit, connected between the first lead and the signal generator and between the second lead and the signal generator, to receive the pair of pacing pulses, distribute a first pacing pulse from the pair at a first amplitude to the first lead, and distribute a second pacing pulse from the pair at a second amplitude to the second lead after a delay period.
2. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, wherein the signal generator generates a sequential pair of electrical pacing pulses of the same amplitude.
3. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, further comprising:
an atrial circuit, connected to the first electrode, to sense depolarization in the atrial chamber; and
a ventricular circuit, connected to the second electrode, to sense depolarization in the ventricular chamber.
4. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 3, wherein the signal generator generates the sequential pair of electrical pacing pulses in response to a signal from the atrial circuit.
5. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, the distributor circuit further comprising:
a flip-flop connected between the signal generator and the first lead.
6. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 5, the distributor circuit further comprising:
an adjustable schmidt trigger connected to the flip-flop and configured to adjust the timing of at least one pulse of the sequential pair of pacing pulses.
7. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 5, the distributor circuit further comprising:
a zener diode connected to the flip-flop and configured to adjust the amplitude of at least one of the sequential pair of pacing pulses.
8. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 5, the distributor circuit further comprising:
an adjustable clamping circuit connected to the flip-flop and configured to adjust the amplitude of at least one of the sequential pair of pacing pulses.
9. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, the distributor circuit further comprising:
a bistable flip-flop connected between the signal generator and the first lead.
10. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, the distributor circuit further comprising:
a switch to intermittently couple the signal generator to the first and second leads.
11. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 10, the distributor circuit further comprising:
a shunt resistor, connected between the switch and the first lead, to provide the first pacing pulse at the first amplitude.
12. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 10, the distributor circuit further comprising:
a shunt resistor, connected between the switch and the second lead, to provide the second pacing pulse at the second amplitude.
13. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, further comprising:
a delay circuit coupled to the distributor circuit to delay at least one of the sequential pair of pacing pulses.
14. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 13, wherein the delay circuit comprises at least one inductor.
15. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 13, wherein the delay circuit comprises at least one capacitor.
16. The dual chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 1, the distributor circuit further comprising:
at least one Zener diode configured to distribute the sequential pair of pacing pulses to the first and second leads.
17. A bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker, comprising:
a first electrode electrically coupled to a left chamber;
a second electrode electrically coupled to a right chamber;
a signal generator to generate pacing pulses;
a lead, coupled to the signal generator and to the first electrode and including a distal end to be coupled to the second electrode;
the lead further including a delay element between the first electrode and the second electrode;
wherein the delay element prevents the second electrode from receiving a pacing pulse until after a predetermined delay period.
20. A bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker, comprising:
a signal generator to generate a sequential pair of electrical pacing pulses;
a distributor circuit, connected between the first lead and the signal generator and between the second lead and the signal generator, to receive the pair of electrical pacing pulses, distribute a first pacing pulse of the pair at a first amplitude to the first lead, and distribute a second pacing pulse of the pair at a second amplitude to the second lead after a delay period.
21. A bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker, comprising:
a signal generator to generate at least one electrical pulse;
a distributor circuit, connected between the first lead and the signal generator and between the second lead and the signal generator, to distribute pacing pulses to the first lead at a first amplitude and to the second lead at a second amplitude in response to the at least one electrical pulse generated by the signal generator.
22. The bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker of claim 21, further comprising:
a delay circuit, connected between the signal generator and the first lead and between the signal generator and the second lead, to prevent the second electrode from receiving the second pacing pulse until after a predetermined delay period.
24. A dual chamber cardiac pacemaker apparatus, comprising:
first means for electrically coupling the apparatus to an atrial chamber;
second means for electrically coupling the apparatus to a ventricular chamber;
signal generator means for generating a sequential pair of pacing pulses; and
distribution means for distributing a first pacing pulse from the pair at a first amplitude to the first means, and for distributing a second pacing pulse from the pair at a second amplitude to the second means after a delay period.
25. The apparatus of 24, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
a clamping means for adjusting the amplitude of at least one of the sequential pair of pacing pulses.
26. The apparatus of 24, wherein the distribution means further comprises:
a switching means for intermittently coupling the signal generator means to the first and second means.
27. The apparatus of 24, wherein the distribution means further comprises:
a plurality of leads for coupling the signal generator means to the first and second means, respectively.
28. A bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker apparatus, comprising:
a first means for electrically coupling the apparatus to a left chamber;
a second means for electrically coupling the apparatus to a right chamber;
a signal generator means for generating pacing pulses;
a distribution means for electrically coupling the signal generator means to the first and second means and for delaying at least one of the pacing pulses for a predetermined delay period.
29. The apparatus of 28, wherein the distribution means further comprises:
a connection means for coupling the signal generator means to the first and second means.
30. The apparatus of 29, wherein the connection means further comprises:
a delay means for delaying at least one of the pacing pulses.
31. A bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker apparatus, comprising:
a signal generator means for generating a sequential pair of electrical pacing pulses;
a distribution means for receiving the pair of electrical pacing pulses from the signal generator means, for distributing a first pacing pulse of the pair at a first amplitude from the signal generator means to the first means, and for distributing a second pacing pulse of the pair at a second amplitude from the signal generator means to the second means after a delay period.
32. A bi-chamber cardiac pacemaker apparatus, comprising:
a signal generator means for generating at least one electrical pulse; and
a distribution means for distributing the electrical pacing pulses from the signal generator means to the first means at a first amplitude and to the second means at a second amplitude in response to the at least one electrical pulse generated by the signal generator means.
US10/625,526 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator Active 2025-01-15 US7231249B2 (en)
US10/625,526 US7231249B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
EP09158987.9A EP2085115B1 (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-26 Methods, apparatus and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
DE602004020900T DE602004020900D1 (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-26 A method, apparatus and system for multiple stimulation by a single stimulator
EP04755341A EP1654035B1 (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-26 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
PCT/US2004/019107 WO2005014106A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-26 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
AT04755341T AT429953T (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-26 A method, apparatus and system for multiple stimulation by a single stimulator
HK06111957.2A HK1092087A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2006-10-31 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US11/745,593 US8249725B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2007-05-08 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
HK10101349.4A HK1133611A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2010-02-05 Methods, apparatus and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US13/487,891 US8761905B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2012-06-04 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US14/272,730 US9566444B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2014-05-08 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US11/745,593 Division US8249725B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2007-05-08 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US20050021096A1 true US20050021096A1 (en) 2005-01-27
US7231249B2 US7231249B2 (en) 2007-06-12
US10/625,526 Active 2025-01-15 US7231249B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US11/745,593 Active US8249725B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2007-05-08 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US13/487,891 Active US8761905B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2012-06-04 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
US14/272,730 Active 2023-10-04 US9566444B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2014-05-08 Methods, apparatus, and systems for multiple stimulation from a single stimulator
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AT (1) AT429953T (en)
HK (2) HK1092087A1 (en)
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2003-07-24 US US10/625,526 patent/US7231249B2/en active Active
2004-07-26 EP EP04755341A patent/EP1654035B1/en active Active
2004-07-26 AT AT04755341T patent/AT429953T/en not_active IP Right Cessation
2004-07-26 DE DE602004020900T patent/DE602004020900D1/en active Active
2004-07-26 EP EP09158987.9A patent/EP2085115B1/en active Active
2004-07-26 WO PCT/US2004/019107 patent/WO2005014106A1/en active Application Filing
2006-10-31 HK HK06111957.2A patent/HK1092087A1/en unknown
2007-05-08 US US11/745,593 patent/US8249725B2/en active Active
2010-02-05 HK HK10101349.4A patent/HK1133611A1/en unknown
2012-06-04 US US13/487,891 patent/US8761905B2/en active Active
2014-05-08 US US14/272,730 patent/US9566444B2/en active Active
DE602004020900D1 (en) 2009-06-10
US7231249B2 (en) 2007-06-12
US8761905B2 (en) 2014-06-24
EP2085115A3 (en) 2011-11-02
US20070208387A1 (en) 2007-09-06
US9566444B2 (en) 2017-02-14
US8249725B2 (en) 2012-08-21
HK1092087A1 (en) 2009-07-24
HK1133611A1 (en) 2016-07-15
EP2085115A2 (en) 2009-08-05
WO2005014106A1 (en) 2005-02-17
EP1654035A1 (en) 2006-05-10
US20140243919A1 (en) 2014-08-28
AT429953T (en) 2009-05-15
EP2085115B1 (en) 2015-09-09
EP1654035B1 (en) 2009-04-29
US20120253418A1 (en) 2012-10-04
Owner name: MIROWSKI FAMILY VENTURES, L.L.C., DISTRICT OF COLU
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MOWER, MORTON M.;REEL/FRAME:014320/0719