Source: http://www.google.ca/patents/US9601014
Timestamp: 2017-11-23 18:42:51
Document Index: 688660465

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 3', 'Application No. 2434756', 'Application No. 02770445', 'Application No. 02775735', 'Application No. 2461411', 'Application No. 2512689']

Patent US9601014 - Detecting roadway targets across radar beams by creating a filtered ... - Google Patents
The present invention extends to methods, systems, and computer program products for detecting targets across beams at roadway intersections. Embodiments of the invention include tracking a target across a plurality of beams of a multiple beam radar system in a roadway intersection and updating track...http://www.google.ca/patents/US9601014?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US9601014 - Detecting roadway targets across radar beams by creating a filtered comprehensive image
Publication number US9601014 B2
Application number US 14/962,377
Also published as EP2441065A1, EP2441065A4, US8665113, US9240125, US20100149020, US20140139361, US20160086485, US20160300487, WO2010144353A1
Publication number 14962377, 962377, US 9601014 B2, US 9601014B2, US-B2-9601014, US9601014 B2, US9601014B2
Inventors David V. Arnold, Bryan R. Jarrett, Thomas W. Karlinsey, Jonathan L. Waite, Brad Giles, Randy St. John
Original Assignee Wavetronic Llc
Patent Citations (187), Non-Patent Citations (179), Classifications (11), Legal Events (1)
US 9601014 B2
( x centroid , y centroid ) = ∑ n = 1 N ( x n , y n ) · M n ∑ n = 1 N M n
US3737857 19 Apr 1972 5 Jun 1973 Cameron Iron Works Inc Acoustic control system having alternate enabling and control signal
US3819919 8 Dec 1972 25 Jun 1974 Mc Gunigle R Tracking system for time-displaced signals
US4053741 29 Aug 1975 11 Oct 1977 The Japan Tobacco And Salt Public Corporation System for cyclic operation of self-running objects
US4167330 8 Jul 1977 11 Sep 1979 Bei Electronics, Inc. Velocity measuring system
US4244026 6 Nov 1978 6 Jan 1981 General Electric Company Velocity measuring correlation sonar
US4258351 21 Nov 1978 24 Mar 1981 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology System for collection and transmission of road traffic information
US4430636 29 Jun 1981 7 Feb 1984 Bruce Robert L Loop detector for traffic signal control
US4658334 19 Mar 1986 14 Apr 1987 Rca Corporation RF signal shielding enclosure of electronic systems
US4659982 5 Jun 1985 21 Apr 1987 Centre National De La Recherches Scientifique Microwave apparatus and method of operation to determine position and/or speed of a movable body or discontinuity or change in a material
US4914448 29 Nov 1988 3 Apr 1990 Sony Corporation Microwave antenna structure
US4914449 29 Nov 1988 3 Apr 1990 Sony Corporation Microwave antenna structure with intergral radome and rear cover
US4967201 22 Oct 1987 30 Oct 1990 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Multi-layer single substrate microwave transmit/receive module
US4977406 9 Dec 1988 11 Dec 1990 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Planar antenna
US5023551 19 Dec 1989 11 Jun 1991 Schlumberger-Doll Research Nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequences for use with borehole logging tools
US5204682 11 Feb 1992 20 Apr 1993 U.S. Philips Corporation Doppler radar speed sensor
US5278554 20 Apr 1992 11 Jan 1994 Marton Louis L Road traffic control system with alternating nonstop traffic flow
US5339081 9 Apr 1992 16 Aug 1994 Peek Traffic Limited Vehicle detection systems
US5446395 21 Sep 1993 29 Aug 1995 Nec Corporation Test circuit for large scale integrated circuits on a wafer
US5504490 31 Mar 1995 2 Apr 1996 Thomson-Csf Radar method and device for the measurement of distance
US5510990 7 Dec 1993 23 Apr 1996 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. System for distinguishing a vehicle traveling ahead based on an adjustable probability distribution
US5555036 26 Jan 1995 10 Sep 1996 Trw Inc. Passive millimeter wave traffic sensor
US5572450 6 Jun 1995 5 Nov 1996 Worthy; David G. RF car counting system and method therefor
US5581249 15 Feb 1996 3 Dec 1996 Nippondenso Co., Ltd Mobile communication system
US5621645 24 Jan 1995 15 Apr 1997 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Automated lane definition for machine vision traffic detector
US5793309 14 Aug 1996 11 Aug 1998 Lockheed Martin Corporation Short range electromagnetic proximity detection
US5793491 11 Oct 1996 11 Aug 1998 Schwartz Electro-Optics, Inc. Intelligent vehicle highway system multi-lane sensor and method
US5821879 5 Aug 1996 13 Oct 1998 Pacific Sierra Research Corp. Vehicle axle detector for roadways
US5828339 17 Nov 1995 27 Oct 1998 Dsc Communications Corporation Integrated directional antenna
US5862337 12 Jul 1996 19 Jan 1999 Microsoft Corporation Determining throughput dynamically
US5920280 20 Feb 1998 6 Jul 1999 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. FMCW radar and method for estimating distance and relative velocity
US5926114 17 Jun 1998 20 Jul 1999 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Intersection warning system
US5995900 24 Jan 1997 30 Nov 1999 Grumman Corporation Infrared traffic sensor with feature curve generation
US6081226 10 Jul 1998 27 Jun 2000 Northrop Grumman Corporation Multi-mode radar exciter
US6094172 30 Jul 1998 25 Jul 2000 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army High performance traveling wave antenna for microwave and millimeter wave applications
US6160494 22 Jul 1997 12 Dec 2000 Sodi; Paolo Machine and method for detecting traffic offenses with dynamic aiming systems
US6177885 3 Nov 1998 23 Jan 2001 Esco Electronics, Inc. System and method for detecting traffic anomalies
US6195608 7 May 1998 27 Feb 2001 Lucent Technologies Inc. Acoustic highway monitor
US6198437 8 Jul 1999 6 Mar 2001 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Broadband patch/slot antenna
US6253162 7 Apr 1999 26 Jun 2001 Battelle Memorial Institute Method of identifying features in indexed data
US6266627 1 Apr 1997 24 Jul 2001 Tom Gatsonides Method and apparatus for determining the speed and location of a vehicle
US6272443 23 Dec 1996 7 Aug 2001 Friedrich Motzko Accurately measuring vehicle speed between fixed points of a path
US6366870 19 Jan 2001 2 Apr 2002 Battelle Memorial Institute Identification of features in indexed data and equipment therefore
US6373427 6 Aug 1998 16 Apr 2002 Mikrowellen-Technologie Und Sensoren Gmbh Radar distance measuring device
US6377191 22 May 2000 23 Apr 2002 Fujitsu Limited System for assisting traffic safety of vehicles
US6396437 12 Mar 1984 28 May 2002 Bae Systems Aerospace Inc. Radar multibeam velocity sensor
US6470262 10 May 2001 22 Oct 2002 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method for traffic situation determination on the basis of reporting vehicle data for a traffic network with traffic-controlled network nodes
US6614536 1 May 2000 2 Sep 2003 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement and method for simultaneous measurement of the speed as well as the surface shape of moving objects
US6657554 26 Jun 2000 2 Dec 2003 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Road antenna controlled on the basis of receiving rate
US6693557 27 Sep 2001 17 Feb 2004 Wavetronix Llc Vehicular traffic sensor
US6856876 13 Jan 2003 15 Feb 2005 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Methods for controlling a system in a vehicle using a transmitting/receiving transducer and/or while compensating for thermal gradients
US6876949 7 Mar 2003 5 Apr 2005 Inductive Signature Technologies, Inc. Normalization of inductive vehicle detector outputs
US6888474 18 Aug 2003 3 May 2005 Optisoft, Inc. System and method for configuring an electronically steerable beam of a traffic signal light
US7106073 27 May 2005 12 Sep 2006 Lsi Logic Corporation Method and system for area efficient charge-based capacitance measurement
US7227493 26 Jun 2003 5 Jun 2007 Cambridge Consultants Limited Methods and apparatus for obtaining positional information
US7324015 27 May 2005 29 Jan 2008 Jim Allen System and synchronization process for inductive loops in a multilane environment
US7408479 19 Aug 2004 5 Aug 2008 Door-Man Manufacturing Company Traffic detection and signal system and method therefor
US7501976 7 Nov 2006 10 Mar 2009 Dan Manor Monopulse traffic sensor and method
US7889097 21 Dec 2006 15 Feb 2011 Wavetronix Llc Detecting targets in roadway intersections
US7889098 24 Aug 2009 15 Feb 2011 Wavetronix Llc Detecting targets in roadway intersections
US7924170 24 Aug 2009 12 Apr 2011 Wavetronix Llc Detecting targets in roadway intersections
US7991542 21 Mar 2007 2 Aug 2011 Wavetronix Llc Monitoring signalized traffic flow
US8948995 28 Jun 2012 3 Feb 2015 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Preceding vehicle state prediction
US20010000948 8 Jan 2001 10 May 2001 Bta Technology, Inc. System, IC chip, on-chip test structure, and corresponding method for modeling one or more target interconnect capacitances
US20010046042 20 Mar 2001 29 Nov 2001 Horst Theile Device for speed measurement
US20020147534 31 Jan 2002 10 Oct 2002 Delcheccolo Michael Joseph Near object detection system
US20030212524 7 May 2002 13 Nov 2003 Jean-Francois Cote Test access circuit and method of accessing embedded test controllers in integrated circuit modules
US20040119633 26 Jun 2003 24 Jun 2004 Cambridge Consultants Limited Methods and apparatus for obtaining positional information
US20040227661 12 May 2003 18 Nov 2004 Godsy Robert C. Doppler radar system for measuring range, speed, and relative direction of movement of an object
US20050046597 18 Aug 2004 3 Mar 2005 Hutchison Michael C. Traffic light signal system using radar-based target detection and tracking
US20050168331 1 Apr 2005 4 Aug 2005 Altra Technologies Incorporated System and method for warning of potential collisions
US20050231384 14 Apr 2005 20 Oct 2005 Denso Corporation Vehicle information system for a loop intersection
US20050242306 29 Apr 2005 3 Nov 2005 Sirota J M System and method for traffic monitoring, speed determination, and traffic light violation detection and recording
US20060152405 2 May 2005 13 Jul 2006 M/A Com, Inc. Vehicle sensor system and process
US20060155427 26 Feb 2004 13 Jul 2006 Shaopeng Yang Road traffic control method and traffic facilities
US20060287807 19 May 2004 21 Dec 2006 Teffer Dean W Method for incorporating individual vehicle data collection, detection and recording of traffic violations in a traffic signal controller
US20070016359 18 Jul 2005 18 Jan 2007 Eis Electronic Integrated Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for providing automatic lane calibration in a traffic sensor
US20070096943 31 Oct 2005 3 May 2007 Arnold David V Systems and methods for configuring intersection detection zones
US20070152869 30 Dec 2005 5 Jul 2007 Woodington Walter G Multichannel processing of signals in a radar system
US20080012726 25 Sep 2007 17 Jan 2008 Publicover Mark W Traffic management device and system
US20080263080 18 Apr 2008 23 Oct 2008 Fukuma Shinichi Group visualization system and sensor-network system
US20100214126 18 Dec 2009 26 Aug 2010 Publicover Mark W Traffic management device and system
US20130013179 6 Jul 2011 10 Jan 2013 International Business Machines System and Method for Self-Optimizing Traffic Flow Using Shared Vehicle Information
US20130286198 25 Apr 2012 31 Oct 2013 Xerox Corporation Method and system for automatically detecting anomalies at a traffic intersection
US20140104310 28 Dec 2012 17 Apr 2014 International Business Machines Corporation Detecting and Describing Visible Features on a Visualization
US20160300487 20 Jun 2016 13 Oct 2016 Wavetronix Llc Detecting roadway targets across beams
CA2512689C 9 Jan 2004 3 Jan 2012 Wavetronix Llc Systems and methods for monitoring speed
DE3414159C2 14 Apr 1984 22 Jul 1993 Deutsche Aerospace Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De Title not available
DE4223119A1 14 Jul 1992 3 Jun 1993 Telefunken Systemtechnik Road vehicle speed measurement for in vehicle use - having pair of microwave doppler sensor coupled to correlator to determine propagation delay related to true road speed
DE19530065A1 16 Aug 1995 9 Jan 1997 Bosch Gmbh Robert Monostatischer FMCW-Radarsensor
DE19820704C2 11 May 1998 26 Jul 2001 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Elektrische Einrichtung, insbesondere eine Abstandsregeleinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
EP0129251B1 19 Jun 1984 7 Sep 1988 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stripline doppler radar
EP0716949B1 7 Dec 1995 3 Mar 1999 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Apparatus and method for cruise control
EP0940690A3 18 Feb 1999 29 Nov 2000 The Whitaker Corporation Microwave sensor for object motion detection
EP0945715A3 17 Mar 1999 24 Jul 2002 EADS Deutschland Gmbh Arrangement for precise distance measurement, more particulary for level measurement
EP0954049B1 26 Apr 1999 22 Jun 2005 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Circuit board bonding method
EP1180758B1 17 Jul 2001 24 Jan 2007 Solutronic Method and device for acoustical detection of a mobile sound source
FR2812402B1 Title not available
GB1586305A Title not available
JP4084300B2 Title not available
WO1980001782A1 26 Feb 1980 4 Sep 1980 Collision Avoidance Systems Anti-collision vehicular radar system
WO1989006808A1 16 Jan 1989 27 Jul 1989 Paolo Alberto Paoletti Vehicular anticollision radar system
WO1999008128A1 6 Aug 1998 18 Feb 1999 Mikrowellen-Technologie Und Sensoren Gmbh Radar distance measuring device
WO2000045462A1 4 Jan 2000 3 Aug 2000 Robert Bosch Gmbh Housing for an electronic apparatus in microwave technology
WO2001013141A3 11 Aug 2000 23 Aug 2001 Automotive Systems Lab Neural network radar processor
WO2001013142A9 11 Aug 2000 29 Nov 2001 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc Nmr apparatus and methods for measuring volumes of hydrocarbon gas and oil
WO2003027985A3 29 Aug 2002 18 Dec 2003 Wavetronix Llc System and method for identification of traffic lane positions
WO2003027986A1 29 Aug 2002 3 Apr 2003 Wavetronix, Llc Vehicular traffic sensor
WO2004063682A3 9 Jan 2004 27 Oct 2005 Wavetronix Llc Systems and methods for monitoring speed
WO2007053350A3 23 Oct 2006 28 Jun 2007 Wavetronix Llc Systems and methods for configuring intersection detection zones
WO2007112284A2 22 Mar 2007 4 Oct 2007 Wavetronix Llc Monitoring signalized traffic flow
WO2007115218A3 30 Mar 2007 22 Nov 2007 Qualcomm Inc Integrated circuit with improved test capability via reduced pin count
WO2010103504A1 19 Jul 2009 16 Sep 2010 Yehuda Gore System and method for controlling traffic by coordination of intersection approaching flows
WO2010144349A1 7 Jun 2010 16 Dec 2010 Wavetronix Llc. Detecting targets in roadway intersections
WO2010144353A1 7 Jun 2010 16 Dec 2010 Wavetronix Llc. Detecting roadway targets across beams
1 "Duraline Introduces Roadway Lighting Break-Away Systems," Industry News, Aug. 9, 2002, available at http://news.thomasnet.com/fullstory/roadway-lighting-disconnects-if-knocked-over-13184.
2 Able, K.P., "A Radar Study of the Altitude of Nocturnal Passerine Migration," Bird-Banding, vol. 41, No. 4, Oct. 1970, 9 pages.
3 Applied Concepts, Inc., "Stalker Lidar Operator Manual," Copyright 2000.
4 Atlantic Scientific Coroporation: corporate overview. 6 pages.
5 Baker, "Grounding and Bonding-Part 3: Introduction and Resources," IMSA Journal, 2 pages.
6 Beard, Jeffrey C., Arnold, David V., "6GHz Range Finder Using Pulse Compression," IGARSS 2000 (Hawaii).
7 Berka, S. et al., "New Perspectives for ATMS: Advanced Technologies in Traffic Detection," Journal of Transportation Engineering, Jan./Feb. 1998, 7 pages.
8 Brennan, Thomas M., et al, "Visual Education Tools to Illustrate Coordination System Operation" TRB 2011 Annual Meeting, Nov. 15, 2010, 29 pages.
9 Buczowski, "Automatic Lane Detection" 4 pages.
10 Canadian Driver, "Automatic Collision Avoidance System Unveiled," Jun. 12, 2002, http://www.canadiandriver.com/news/020612.htm, 3 pages.
11 Carlson, Brian, "Autoscope Clearing the Congestion: Vision Makes Traffic Control Intelligent" Advanced Imaging, Feb. 1997 5 pgs.
12 Dailey, "A Statistical Algorithm for Estimating Speed from Single Loop Volume and Occupancy Measurements," Transportation Research Part B 33 (1999) p. 313-322.
13 Day et al., "Visualization and Assessment of Arterial Progression Quality Using High Resolution Signal Event Data and Measured Travel Time," Mar. 5, 2010, Purdue University, 31 pages.
14 Day, Christopher M., et al., "Computational Efficiency of Alternative Arterial Offset Optimization Algorithms" TRB 2011 Annual Meeting, Nov. 15, 2010, 31 pages.
15 Day, Christopher M., et al., "Reliability, Flexibility, and Environmental Impact of Alternative Arterial Offset Optimization Objective Functions" TRB 2011 Annual Meeting, Nov. 15, 2010, 32 pages.
16 Derneryd, Anders G., "Linearly Polarized Microstrip Antennas," IEEE Transactions of Antennas and Propagation, Nov. 1976, pp. 846-851.
17 Detection Technology for IVHS: 2. Synopsis of Final Report (1996) https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/operations/ivhs/chapter2.cfm.
18 Detection Technology: For IVHS-vol. 1: "Final Report Addendum," Publication No. FHWA-RD-96-100, Jul. 1995, 8 pages.
19 Detector User Needs from the Traffic Signals Workshop Held in Seattle, WA. circa Jul. 2003, 42 pages.
20 Diker, Ahmet Can, et al. "Estimation of Traffic Congestion Level via FN-DBSCAN Algorithm by Using GPS Data," IV International Conference, PCI'2012, 2012, retrieved on [May 6, 2014]. Retrieved from Internet: <URL:http://www.pci2012:science.az/1/19.pdf> entire document.
21 Diker, Ahmet Can, et al. "Estimation of Traffic Congestion Level via FN-DBSCAN Algorithm by Using GPS Data," IV International Conference, PCI'2012, 2012, retrieved on [May 6, 2014]. Retrieved from Internet: entire document.
22 Econolite Control Products, Inc. "Autoscope Automates 100% of Video Detection Set-Up: Introducing the Autoscope Wizard" Nov. 1, 2003, 2 pages.
23 Econolite Control Products, Inc. "Autoscope Solo Pro II Machine Vision Processor" 2003, 2 pgs.
24 EIS Electronic Integrated Systems, Inc, "RTMS Radar Traffic Detection- Traffic Detector Primer," pp. 1-4, Available at least as early as Jul. 21, 2001.
25 EIS Electronic Integrated Systems, Inc, "RTMS Radar Traffic Detection-General Information," pp. 1-6, Available at least as early as Jul. 21, 2001.
26 EIS Electronic Integrated Systems, Inc., "RTMS User Manual," Issue 3, Sep. 2000.
27 Electronique Controle Mesure, "LOREN Multi-Lane Microwave Detector," Available at least as early as Mar. 1, 2002, 2 pages.
28 European Search Report for EP02775735 dated Mar. 9, 2006.
29 European Search Report for EP04701207 dated Oct. 23, 2006.
30 European Search Report for EP1435036 dated Mar. 9, 2006.
31 European Search Report for EP1438702 dated Mar. 15, 2005.
32 Examination Report dated Mar. 29, 2007 from European Paten Appliation No. 04 701 207.5, 3 pages.
33 Examination Report for Canadian Paten Application No. 2434756 dated Dec. 19, 2006.
34 Examination Report for EPO Patent Application No. 02770445. dated May 30, 2005.
35 Examination Report for EPO Patent Application No. 02775735.0-2215 dated Jun. 12, 2006.
36 Examination Report from Canadian Patent Application No. 2461411 dated Oct. 10, 2006.
37 Examination Report from Canadian Patent Application No. 2512689 dated Sep. 30, 2010.
38 Executive Summary: Scope of the Study http://www.tfhrc.gov/advanc/ivhs/chapter1.htm.
39 FCC Federal Communications Commission, Consumer & Government Affairs Bureau, "Digital Radio-The Sound of the Future," http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/consumerfacts/digitalradio.html, Reviewed/Updated on Sep. 24, 2003, 3 pages.
40 Federal Register, Jun. 1, 2001, vol. 66, No. 106, Participation in the Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure Program, 2 pages.
41 Forman, Michael, and Popovic, Zoya, "A K-Band Ground-Backed CPW Balanced Coupler and Integrated Antenna Feed," European Microwave Conference, Oct. 2000, 4 pages.
42 Frederick, J.D., et al., "A Novel Single Card FMCW Radar Transceiver with On Board Monopulse Processing," Available at least as early as Mar. 1, 2002, 4 pgs.
43 Gern, Axel, et al., "Advanced Lane Recognition-Fusing Vision and Radar,:" Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2000, Dearborn (MI) USA, Oct. 3-5, 2000, 7 pages.
44 Giles, Bradley C. And Jarrett, Bryan R., "Benefits of Auto-Configuring Traffic Sensing Equipment," Aug. 2004, 17 pages.
45 Gille, Sarah T. and Llewellyn Smith, Stefan G. "Velocity Probability Density Functions for Altimetry," Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol. 30, Jan. 2000, 12 pages.
46 Gonzalez, Juan Pablo, et al., "Lane Detection Using Histogram-Based Segmentation and Decision Trees," 2000 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference Proceedings, Dearborn (MI) USA, Oct. 10, 2000, 6 pages.
47 Gresham, Ian, et al., "Ultra Wide Band 24 GHz Automotive Radar Front-end," 2003 IEEE MTT-S Digest, 4 pages.
48 Howard, Julie, "Venture Capitalists Break Cover; Stellar Tech Ends 4 Years of Keeping a Low Profile ," The Idaho Statesman, Sep. 9, 2003; http://www.idahostatesman.com/Business/story.asp?ID=48714, 2 pages.
49 Idaho Business IQ, "Stellar Opportunities; How One Idaho Investment Firm Views the State's Business Future," Idaho Business IQ, Nov./Dec. 2003, 5 pages.
50 IMSA Journal, "News Around the Industry, Spruce Meadows Partners," Nov./Dec. 2004, 4 pages.
51 International Preliminary Examination Report for PCT/US02/27682 dated Sep. 2, 2004.
52 International Preliminary Search Report for PCT/US02/27630 dated Aug. 16, 2004.
53 International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT/US2007/064711 dated Sep. 4, 2008.
54 International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT/US2010/037596 dated Aug. 19, 2010.
55 International Search Report for and Written Opinion PCT/US2014/013412 dated May 22, 2014.
56 International Search Report for PCT/US02/27630 dated Dec. 3, 2002.
57 International Search Report for PCT/US02/27682 dated Jun. 20, 2003.
58 International Search Report for PCT/US2004/00471 dated Aug. 31, 2005.
59 International Search Report for PCT/US2006/41324 dated May 1, 2007.
60 International Search Report for PCT/US2010/037602 dated Aug. 6, 2010.
61 ISS & Econolite at Wavetronix, "Dilemma Zone Detector (DZD): Summary Requirements" Jul. 18, 2003, 2 pages.
62 ITS Decision, Other Roadside Detectors, Intelligent Transporation Systems-Traffic Surveillance.
63 Jansson, Jonas, et al., "Decision Making for Collision Avoidance Systems," Copyright 2002, Society of Automotive Engineers Publication No. 2002-01-0403, 8 pages.
64 Kim, Ihn S., et al., "Two Novel Vehicle Detectors for the Replacement of a Conventional Detector," Microwave Journal (International ed.). Dedham: Jul. 2001 vol. 44, Iss. 7; http://proquest.umi.com/proxygw.wrlc.org/pqdlink?Ver. 7 pages.
65 Klein, Lawrence A., "Sensor Technologies and Data Requirements for ITS", Artech House, Norwood, MA, Jun. 2001, 739 pages.
66 Klotz, Michael, et al., "An Automotive Short Range High Resolution Pulse Radar Network," Jan. 2002.
67 Kolton, Greg, "Mobility Technologies Offers Exclusive Data and Technology with New Traffic Pulse Partner Program," Mobility Technologies, The Traffic.com People, Press Release, May 31, 2001, 6 pages.
68 Kotzenmacher, Jerry, et al., "Evaluation of Non-Intrusive Traffic Detection System," 2004 North American Travel Monitoring Exhibition & Conference (NATMEC), Jun. 27, 2004, 13 pages.
69 Kramer, Gerd, "Envisioning a Radar-Based Automatic Road Transportation System," Intelligent Transportation Systems, May/Jun. 2001, 3 pages.
70 Lawson, "Case Histories Keeping That Cargo Dry and Viable".
71 Liu, Henry X., et al., "Development of a Real-Time Arterial Performance Monitoring System Using Traffic Data Available for Existing Signal Systems" Minnesota Department of Tranportation Report, Dec. 2008, 117 pages.
72 Liu, Huan-Chang, et al., "Radiation of Printed Antennas with a Coplanar Waveguide Feed," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 43, No. 10, Oct. 1995, pp. 1143-1148.
73 Ma, Bing, et al., "Road and Lane Edge Detection with Multisensor Fusion Methods," IEEE Publication No. 0-7803-5467-2/99 Copyright 1999.
74 Manor, Daniel, "SPIDER: A Wireless Solution for Mid-block Detection," IMSA Journal, Mar./Apr. 2003, 6 pages.
75 McKeon, "John Foster: Stellar Technologies".
76 Mende, Ralph Dr., et al., "A 24 GHz ACC Radar Sensor," Smart Microwave Sensors GmbH, Feb. 28, 2005.
77 Mende, Ralph, "The UMRR 24GHz Radar Sensor Family for Short and Medium Range Applications," Smart Microwave Sensors GmbH, Apr. 8, 2004.
78 Mende, Ralph, "UMRR: A 24GHz Medium Range Radar Platform," Smart Microwave Sensors GmbH, Jul. 25, 2003.
79 Merlo, "Automotive Radar for the Prevention of Collisions," IEEE, Feb. 1964.
80 Metzler, T., "Microstrip Series Arrays," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. AP-29, No. 1, Jan. 1981, pp. 174-178.
81 Middleton, Dan and Parker, Rick, "Initial Evaluation of Selected Detectors to Replace Inductive Loops on Freeways, Report No. FHWA/TX-00/1439-7," Texas Transportation Institute, on behalf of the Texas Department of Transportation; Construction Division, Apr. 2000, 90 pages.
82 Millimeter Wave Radar Traffic Sensor AutoTrak, Transportation Systems, Aug. 17, 2004 2 pages.
83 MS Sedco, Motion Sensors, "TC26-B Microprocessor-Controlled Vehicle Detector," Available at least as early as Mar. 1, 2002, at www.microwavesensors.com/motionsensors.html 6 pages.
84 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory: California Institute of Technology, "Ocean Surface Topography from Space-Technology", available at https://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/technology/.
85 Naztec ATMS Solutions, "Accuwave LX-150 Microwave Detector," Sugar Land, Texas; Available at least as early as Mar. 1, 2002, 3 pages.
86 Nunez-Garcia, Javier, et al., "Random Sets and Histograms," Control Systems Center, UMIST, Fuzz-IEEE 2001:1183-1186, http://www.umist/ac.uk/csc 2001, 6 pages.
87 On-Bench Photographs of Detectors, pp. 1-9, Available at least as early as Jan. 16, 2002 at http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/96100/ch04/body-ch04-04.html.
88 Optisoft the Intelligent Traffic Signal Platform, "Red Light Hold Radar-based System Prevents Collisions from Red Light Runners" Available at least as early as Aug. 30, 2010, 2 pages.
89 Optisoft the Intelligent Traffic Signal Platform, "Transportation Sensors Optional Features for the OptiSoft ITS Platform" Available at Least as Early as Aug. 30, 2010 1 pages.
90 Palen, J. "A Watching Brief," Traffic Technology International Oct./Nov. 2001 p. 43-46.
91 Pilutti, Tom, et al., "Identification of Driver State for Lane-Keeping Tasks" IEEE Transaction on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A Systems and Humans, vol. 29, No. 5, Sep. 1999, 17 pages.
92 Pordage, P. et al., "Technology at the Crossroads: New Radar Sensor Allows Pedestrians and Traffic to Coexist," Cambridge Consultants Feb. 24, 2004.
93 Pumrin, S., et al., "Roadside Camera Motion Detection for Automated Speed Measurement," The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Sep. 30, 2002, Singapore, 5 pages.
94 Railway Grade Crossing Sensor,Transportation Systems, Aug. 17, 2004 1 page.
95 Reijmers, Han, et al., "Performance Analysis of Slotted Aloha on a Three Lane Motorway Using Measured Vehicle Positions," IEEE Publication No. 0-7803-3659-3/97, Copyright 1997 IEEE, 5 pages.
96 Reijmers, Han, et al., "The Influence of Vehicle Distribution Models on Packet Success Probability on a Three Lane Motorway," IEEE 1998.
97 Reynolds, Desiccant City: Case Histories: Award Winners, "Technical Acheivements Shine Among FPA Winners".
98 Rivenq-Menhaj, et al., "Combining Two Radar Techniques to Implement a Collision Avoidance System," IOP Electronic Journals, Measurement Science and Technology, www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/09570233/9/8/030, from Meas. Sci Technol. 9 1343-1346, Aug. 1998, 2 pages.
99 Saito, Atsuchi, "Image Sensor for Measuring vols. By Direction" International Sales & Marketing Department Social Systems Solution & Service Business Company OMRON Corporation, Tokyo Japan ITS World Congress Oct. 2004 1 page.
100 Sakai, Yasunobu, et al., "Optical Spatial filter Sensor for Ground Speed," Presented at the International Commission of Optics Topical Meeting, Kyoto, 1994, Optical Review, vol. 2, No. 1 (1995), 3 pages.
101 Schoepflin, Todd N., et al., "Dynamic Camera Calibration of Roadside Traffic Management Cameras," The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Sep. 3-6, 2002, Singapore, 6 pages.
102 SCOOT Advice Leaflet 1: The "SCOOT" Urban Traffic Control System; http://www.scoot-utc.com/documents/1-SCOOT-UTC; Nov. 14, 2012.
103 Sensor Technologies & Systems, Inc. AutoTrak Intelligent Transportation Systems/Advanced Traffic Management Systems Aug. 17, 2004 2 pgs.
104 Sensys RS240 Radar Sensor, circa Oct. 2002.
105 Smarglik, Edward J., et al., "Event-Based Data Collection for Generating Actuated Controller Performance Measures" Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2035, 2007. pp. 97-106.
106 SmarTek Systems, Inc. "SmarTek Acoustic Sensor-Version 1 (SAS-1) Installation and Setup Guide;" Apr. 3, 2003.
107 SmarTek Systems, Sensing and System Integration Solutions, "The SAS 1 Passive Acoustic Vehicle Detector" Jan. 14, 2002, 2 pages.
108 SmartSensor Installation Guide WaveTronix Copyright 2004 pp. 1-26.
109 Smith, Ryan L., et al., "Development of a Low Cost, FM/CW Transmitter for Remote Sensing," IGARSS 2000 (Hawaii).
110 SpeedInfo less traffic, more time, "DVSS-1000 Installation Manual and Users Guide," Rev. 2.0, Feb. 18, 2004, 10 pages.
111 Stevenage, Herts, "IF Digital Generation of FMCW Waveforms for Wideband Channel Characterization," IEEE Proceedings-I, vol. 139, Jun. 1992 pp. 281-288.
112 Stewart, B.D., etal "Adaptive Lane Finding in Road Traffic Image Analysis" University, Edinburgh, Uk Road, Traffic Monitoring and Control, Apr. 26-28, 1994 Conference Publication No. 391, IEEE, 1994 pp. 133-136.
113 Swangnate et al., A Conductor-Backed Coplanar Waveguide Direction Coupler for Varactor-Tuned Phase Shifting, Journal of KMITNB, vol. 12, No. 2, Apr.-Jun. 2002, 5 pages.
114 Task Force L Final Report, Executive Summary, pp. 1-40, Available at least as early as Jan. 16, 2002.
115 Transportation Operations Group-Sensors, pp. 1-13, Available at least as early as Jul. 21, 2001.
116 Transportation Operations Group-Sensors, TTI Workshop on Vehicle Detection, TexITE Meeting, College Station, Texas, Jun. 22, 2000, 37pages, Available at: http://trasops.tamu.edu/content/sensors.cfm.
117 U.S. Appl. No. 09/964,668, Nov. 6, 2002, Office Action.
118 U.S. Appl. No. 09/964,668, Oct. 1, 2003, Notice of Allowance.
119 U.S. Appl. No. 09/966,146, Dec. 31, 2002, Notice of Allowance.
120 U.S. Appl. No. 09/966,146, Sep. 10, 2002, Office Action.
121 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Aug. 9, 2007, Notice of Allowance.
122 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Dec. 2, 2005, Notice of Allowance.
123 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Jan. 29, 2007, Office Action.
124 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Jun. 24, 2005, Office Action.
125 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Mar. 7, 2008, Notice of Allowance.
126 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Mar. 9, 2005, Office Action.
127 U.S. Appl. No. 10/744,686, Nov. 21, 2007, Notice of Allowance.
128 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Apr. 22, 2005, Office Action.
129 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Apr. 8, 2008, Notice of Allowance.
130 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Aug. 17, 2007, Notice of Allowance.
131 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Feb. 28, 2006, Notice of Allowance.
132 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Jan. 11, 2007, Office Action.
133 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Jun. 20, 2006, Office Action.
134 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Nov. 17, 2005, Office Action.
135 U.S. Appl. No. 10/754,217, Oct. 11, 2007, Office Action.
136 U.S. Appl. No. 11/264,339, Apr. 6, 2009, Notice of Allowance.
137 U.S. Appl. No. 11/311,103, filed Dec. 19, 2005, Arnold.
138 U.S. Appl. No. 11/614,250, Dec. 6, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
139 U.S. Appl. No. 11/614,250, Jun. 10, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
140 U.S. Appl. No. 11/614,250, Mar. 11, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
141 U.S. Appl. No. 11/614,250, Nov. 4, 2009, Office Action.
142 U.S. Appl. No. 11/614,250, Oct. 20, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
143 U.S. Appl. No. 11/689,441, Dec. 10, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
144 U.S. Appl. No. 11/689,441, Jan. 8, 2010, Office Action.
145 U.S. Appl. No. 11/689,441, Jun. 16, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
146 U.S. Appl. No. 11/689,441, Mar. 29, 2011, Notice of Allowance.
147 U.S. Appl. No. 11/689,441, Sep. 9, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
148 U.S. Appl. No. 12/502,965, Feb. 27, 2012, Notice of Allowance.
149 U.S. Appl. No. 12/502,965, Nov. 15, 2011, Notice of Allowance.
150 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,196, Dec. 6, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
151 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,196, Feb. 26, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
152 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,196, Jan. 27, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
153 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,196, Jun. 24, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
154 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,196, Nov. 5, 2009, Notice of Allowance.
155 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,196, Sep. 27, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
156 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,219, Dec. 6, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
157 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,219, Jun. 10, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
158 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,219, Mar. 11, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
159 U.S. Appl. No. 12/546,219, Oct. 22, 2010, Notice of Allowance.
160 U.S. Appl. No. 12/710,736, Mar. 26, 2013, Office Action.
161 U.S. Appl. No. 12/710,736, Oct. 15, 2013, Notice of Allowance.
162 U.S. Appl. No. 13/753,869, Aug. 25, 2015, Final Office Action.
163 U.S. Appl. No. 13/753,869, Mar. 30, 2016, Notice of Allowance.
164 U.S. Appl. No. 13/753,869, Nov. 6, 2014, Office Action.
165 U.S. Appl. No. 14/164,102, Sep. 25, 2015, Notice of Allowance.
166 U.S. Department of Transportaion Federal Highway Administration, "Field Test of Monitoring of Urban Vehicle Operations Using Non-Intrusive Technologies, Final Report," May 1997, 123 pages.
167 University Research in Support of the Department of Transportation Program on Remote Sensing Applications in Transportation (DTRS56-00-BAA-0004) Nov. 1999.
168 Veeraraghavan, Harini, et al., "Computer Vision Algorithms for Intersection Monitoring" IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 4, No. 2, Jun. 2003.
169 Waite, Jonathan L, and Arnold, David W. "Interferometric Radar Principles in Track Hazard Detection to Improve Safety," IGASRSS 2000 (Hawaii).
170 Walkenhorst, Brett T., et al., "A Low cost, Radio Controlled Blimp as a Platform for Remote Sensing," 2000 (Hawaii).
171 Waner, Stefan and Costenoble, Steven R., "Calculus Applied to Probability and Statistics," Calculus and Probability, Sep. 2, 1996, http://people/hofstra.edu/faculty/Stefan-Waner/cprob/cprob2.html, 13 pages.
172 Wang, et al. "Coordinated Vehicle Platoon Control: Weighted and Constrained Consensus and Communication Network Topologies," 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2012, retrieved on [May 6, 2014]. Retrieved from the Internet: <URL: http://www.cs.wayne.edu/-hzhang/group/publications/pltCDC.pdf> entire document.
173 Weil, et al., "Across-the-Road Photo Traffic Radar: New Calibration Techniques," Electromagnetics Division (818.02), National Institute of Standards and Technology, 4 pages.
174 Wilson, Christopher K.H., et al., "The Potential of Precision Maps in Intelligent Vehicles," Proceeding of IEEE Internaltion Conference on Intelligent Vehicles, IEEE Oct. 1998, 4 pages.
175 Written Opinion for PCT/US02/27630 dated Jun. 11, 2003.
176 Yang, Li, et al., "Bi-Mode Time-Space Multiplexing Antenna Array for Multi-Targets Detection in Automotive Application," IEEE Publication No. 0-7803-7070-8/01, Copyright 2001 IEEE, 4 pages.
177 Yellin, Daniel, et al., "An Algorithm for Dual-Chanel Noiseless Signal Reconstruction and its Performance Analysis," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 47, No. 6, Jun. 1999, 17 pages.
178 Yung, N.H.C., et al., "Vehicle-Type Identification through Automated Virtual Loop Assignment and Block-Based Direction biased Motion Estimation," IEEE Publication No. 0-7893-4975-X/98, Copyright 1999 IEEE, 5 pages.
179 Zaugg, David A., et al., "Ocean Surface and Landslide Probing with a Scanning Radar Altimeter," IGARSS 2000 (Hawaii).
International Classification G08G1/04, G08B21/00, G01S13/48, G01S13/91, G08G1/08, G01S13/72
Cooperative Classification G01S13/726, G01S13/48, G08G1/04, G08G1/08, G01S13/91