Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP5533727B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-10-16 00:44:18
Document Index: 723099905

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 22', 'art 41', 'art 41', 'art 41', 'art 41', 'art 42', 'art 42']

JP5533727B2 - Work picking system - Google Patents
Work picking system Download PDF
JP5533727B2
JP5533727B2 JP2011033086A JP2011033086A JP5533727B2 JP 5533727 B2 JP5533727 B2 JP 5533727B2 JP 2011033086 A JP2011033086 A JP 2011033086A JP 2011033086 A JP2011033086 A JP 2011033086A JP 5533727 B2 JP5533727 B2 JP 5533727B2
JP2011033086A
JP2012171027A (en
卓也 村山
純 後藤
伸二 小笠原
2011-02-18 Application filed by 株式会社安川電機 filed Critical 株式会社安川電機
2011-02-18 Priority to JP2011033086A priority Critical patent/JP5533727B2/en
2012-09-10 Publication of JP2012171027A publication Critical patent/JP2012171027A/en
2014-06-25 Publication of JP5533727B2 publication Critical patent/JP5533727B2/en
The present invention relates to a work picking system.
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a work picking system that performs an operation of gripping and moving a workpiece placed in a messy manner with a hand provided on a terminal movable portion of a multi-axis robot, that is, a pick operation.
In such a workpiece picking system, a workpiece to be gripped next is determined by measuring each position of the workpiece using a two-dimensional measuring instrument or a three-dimensional measuring instrument, and the multi-axis robot is held so as to grip the determined workpiece. Instruct. Then, the multi-axis robot transfers the gripped work to a predetermined position (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2010-120141 A
However, the conventional work picking system described above has a problem that the gripping posture of the work gripped by the hand varies. For this reason, in the conventional work picking system, it is difficult to perform the operation following the pick operation.
For example, when the gripping posture of the workpiece gripped by the hand is different, it is necessary to change the posture of the hand itself in order to change the workpiece to a predetermined posture, which complicates the operation of the multi-axis robot. .
The disclosed technology has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a workpiece picking system capable of keeping a workpiece gripping posture constant regardless of the posture of a workpiece to be gripped.
The work picking system disclosed in the present application includes a first arm and a second multi-axis robot as dual arms, and a double-arm robot having a trunk that rotates around a rotation axis substantially parallel to the vertical direction, and the first multi-axis robot. provided at the end movable part of the robot, the hand, including a mechanism for changing the mechanism to change the spacing of the gripping claws and forward-facing of the gripping claws is fixed independently of the double-arm robot, the second polyaxial orientation of the workpiece based on the three-dimensional shape of roses stacked been workpiece gripped container by the robot and three-dimensional measurement unit that be measured from above, the three-dimensional shape measured by the three-dimensional measuring unit a calculation unit for calculating a, a determination unit for determining a front end facing the gripping claws on the basis of the direction of the axis of rotation of the posture and the end movable part of the workpiece calculated by the calculation section, the three-dimensional measurement Wherein when the measurement by the three-dimensional measurement unit with a smaller state than the distance distance to ensure a working space of the first multi-axis robot of the container is completed, the relative double-arm robot, before Symbol pivot axis After instructing the operation of positioning the container to a position where the work space of the first multi-axis robot is secured by turning around, the direction of the rotation axis of the terminal movable unit and the determination unit determined by the determination unit An instruction unit for instructing an operation of gripping the workpiece while holding the tip of the gripping claw.
According to one aspect of the workpiece picking system disclosed in the present application, it is possible to perform a picking operation in which the gripping posture of the workpiece is kept constant regardless of the posture of the workpiece to be gripped.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a work picking method according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the work picking system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the work picking system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of each axis in the seven-axis robot. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a hand. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a hand. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a pick operation by a hand. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a measurement position and a pick position. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure executed by the work picking system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the arrangement of the three-dimensional measurement unit according to the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure executed by the work picking system according to the second embodiment.
Hereinafter, embodiments of a work picking system disclosed in the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by the illustration in each Example shown below.
In the following, an embodiment in which the three-dimensional measuring instrument is provided separately from the multi-axis robot is referred to as an embodiment 1, and an embodiment in which the three-dimensional measuring instrument is provided in the multi-axis robot is described as an embodiment 2. Each will be described.
First, the work picking method according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a work picking method according to the first embodiment. In the following, a case where the workpiece 100 to be grasped is a “bolt” will be described, but the type of the workpiece 100 is not limited to this. For example, the workpiece 100 may be a nut or an electronic component.
FIG. 1 shows a case where the measurement direction by the three-dimensional measuring instrument is vertically downward (hereinafter referred to as “vertical direction”). In FIG. 1, an xy coordinate system, which is an orthogonal coordinate system, is provided on a horizontal plane for easy understanding of the explanation, and a reference axis (here, an axis connecting bolt axes) is projected onto the horizontal plane. The drawn line is the y-axis.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the work picking method according to the first embodiment, the work 100 is gripped and moved by a “hand” provided on a terminal movable portion (see “arm” shown in FIG. 1) of the multi-axis robot. Perform an operation (pick operation).
Here, the “hand” includes a pair of gripping claws whose tip orientation can be changed, and the gripping claws and the workpiece 100 are appropriately changed by appropriately changing the tip orientation of the gripping nails according to the posture of the workpiece 100 to be picked. Keep the relative posture constant.
Note that the pair of grip claws rotate about the axis AXp (hereinafter referred to as “pick axis AXp”) shown in FIG. 1 to change the tip direction of the grip claws to an arbitrary direction. Further, the arm to which the hand is attached rotates around the axis AXt shown in FIG. 1, but the axis AXt is controlled so as to maintain a posture substantially parallel to the vertical direction.
In other words, in the workpiece picking method according to the first embodiment, the angle between the tip direction of the gripping claw of the hand and the reference axis of the workpiece 100 is constant while keeping the rotation axis of the terminal movable portion of the multi-axis robot substantially parallel to the vertical direction. A picking operation (for example, 90 degrees) is performed.
Therefore, according to the work picking method according to the first embodiment, the posture of the work 100 with respect to the gripping claws can be kept constant throughout each picking operation. Easy to do).
In addition, according to the work picking method according to the first embodiment, the direction of the rotation axis of the arm provided with the hand can be kept substantially parallel to the vertical direction, so that the arm and the obstacle (for example, the work 100 are stacked in bulk). Contact) is less likely to occur.
Hereinafter, the procedure of the work picking method according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, in the workpiece picking method according to the first embodiment, the stacked workpieces 100 are three-dimensionally measured to determine the workpiece 100 to be picked and to acquire the position and orientation of the workpiece 100 ( (See (a) of FIG. 1). Here, it is assumed that the angle formed between the reference axis of the workpiece 100 and the horizontal plane is “θ” as shown in FIG.
In this case, in the work picking method according to the first embodiment, the arm is rotated around the axis AXt so that the pick axis AXp is substantially parallel to the x axis shown in FIG. 1 (see (b1) in FIG. 1). In the work picking method according to the embodiment, the gripping claw is rotated around the pick axis AXp according to the posture of the work 100 (see (b2) in FIG. 1).
Here, as shown in FIG. 1, if the angle formed between the tip direction of the gripping claw and the axis AXt that is the rotation axis of the arm is equal to the above-mentioned “θ”, the tip direction of the gripping claw and the reference axis of the workpiece 100 Can be orthogonal to each other.
1 illustrates a pick operation in which the tip direction of the gripping claw and the reference axis of the workpiece 100 are orthogonal to each other, but the picking operation is performed so that the tip direction of the gripping claw and the reference axis of the workpiece 100 are at a predetermined angle α. It is good also as performing operation | movement. In this case, the gripping claw may be rotated about the pick axis AXp so that the angle formed by the tip direction of the gripping claw and the axis AXt is “θ + α” or “θ−α”.
Here, regarding the execution order of the procedures (b1) and (b2) shown in FIG. 1, the procedure may be executed from either procedure, or the two procedures may be executed in parallel.
As described above, in the work picking method according to the first embodiment, the tip of the gripping claw is appropriately adjusted according to the posture of the work 100, and the work 100 is gripped by a gripping operation that narrows the distance between the pair of gripping claws. (See (c) of FIG. 1).
Next, the work picking system 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the work picking system 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the work picking system 1 includes a three-dimensional measuring unit 10, a hand 20, a robot 30, and a control device 40. The hand 20 refers to the “hand with a pick shaft” shown in FIG.
The control device 40 includes a control unit 41 and a storage unit 42. The control unit 41 includes a three-dimensional information acquisition unit 41a, a work posture calculation unit 41b, a gripping claw orientation determination unit 41c, and an instruction. A portion 41d. The storage unit 42 stores three-dimensional information 42a and work information 42b.
In FIG. 2, the hand 20 and the robot 30 are described as independent components. However, the robot 30 includes the hand 20, and the instruction unit 41 d of the control device 40 also instructs the robot 30 about instructions to the hand 20. It is good. In addition, although one control device 40 is illustrated in FIG. 2, the control device 40 may be configured as a plurality of independent devices, and the devices may communicate with each other.
The three-dimensional measuring unit 10 is a device (three-dimensional measuring instrument) that measures the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece 100. As the three-dimensional measurement unit 10, for example, a measurement unit that acquires a three-dimensional shape of an object by a scanning operation using laser slit light can be used.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hand 20 is a hand with a pick shaft that performs a gripping operation with a pair of gripping claws whose tip direction can be appropriately adjusted. A specific configuration example of the hand will be described later with reference to FIG. The robot 30 is, for example, a seven-axis multi-axis robot, and the hand 20 described above is provided in the terminal movable portion. That is, the robot 30 is a general-purpose robot that can exchange an end effector such as a hand.
Here, an arrangement example of the work picking system 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 3, and each axis of the robot 30 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the work picking system 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 is fixed via a stand 11 (support unit) so that the vertical direction (vertically downward) side is a measurement region.
As shown in FIG. 3, the robot 30 is a so-called double-arm robot having a right arm 30a and a left arm 30b as two arms. Here, each of the right arm 30a and the left arm 30b is a multi-axis robot (seven-axis robot in FIG. 3), and the above-described hand 20 (hand with a pick shaft) is provided as an end effector of the left arm 30b. .
The right arm 30a is provided with a predetermined end effector to hold the container 200 in which the workpieces 100 are stacked. Thus, the robot 30 performs an operation of picking out the workpiece 100 from the container 200 held by the right arm 30a with the hand 20 provided on the left arm 30b.
Note that the robot 30 has a mechanism for turning the trunk 30c provided with the right arm 30a and the left arm 30b along a horizontal plane with respect to a support 30d fixed to a floor surface or the like.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of each axis in the seven-axis robot. The direction of the rotation axis of each joint shown in FIG. 4 is perpendicular to the paper surface for the joint indicated by a circle, and is parallel to the paper surface for the joint indicated by a rectangle. In FIG. 4, the rotation direction of each joint is indicated by a double arrow. Further, each of the right arm 30a and the left arm 30b shown in FIG. 3 can be the seven-axis robot shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the rotation axes of the joints are an axis AXs, an axis AX1, an axis AXe, an axis AXu, an axis AXr, an axis AXb, and an axis AXt in order from the installation reference plane. The axis AXt corresponds to the rotation axis of the terminal movable part of the seven-axis robot, and the terminal movable part is provided with an end effector. The shaft configurations of the right arm 30a and the left arm 30b are not limited to the configuration illustrated in FIG.
Here, the left arm 30b (see FIG. 3) provided with the hand 20 (see FIG. 3) according to the first embodiment executes a picking operation by the hand 20 with the axis AXt being held substantially parallel to the vertical direction. .
Returning to the description of FIG. 2, the control device 40 will be described. The control unit 41 performs overall control of the control device 40. The three-dimensional information acquisition unit 41a receives measurement data from the three-dimensional measurement unit 10, and stores the received measurement data in the storage unit 42 as the three-dimensional information 42a. Here, the three-dimensional information 42 a is information indicating the three-dimensional shape of one or a plurality of workpieces 100.
The workpiece posture calculation unit 41b performs a process of calculating the posture of the workpiece 100 to be picked based on the three-dimensional information 42a and the workpiece information 42b. Here, the workpiece information 42b is information defining the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece 100 and the part to be grasped.
For example, when the workpiece 100 is a bolt, an axis near the head of the bolt is defined as the “part to be gripped”. The reason why the shaft in the vicinity of the head of the bolt is used as the gripped part is that a gap is likely to be generated in the vicinity of the head when the bolts are stacked.
The workpiece posture calculation unit 41b detects the workpiece 100 from the three-dimensional information 42a by performing a matching process using the workpiece information 42b. Then, the workpiece posture calculation unit 41b determines the workpiece 100 to be picked next from the detected workpieces 100, and calculates the determined posture of the workpiece 100. The workpiece posture calculation unit 41b also calculates the position of the gripped part in the workpiece 100.
Then, the gripping claw orientation determining unit 41c determines the tip direction of the gripping claw in the hand 20 based on the posture of the workpiece 100 calculated by the workpiece posture calculating unit 41b. Further, the gripping claw orientation determining unit 41c notifies the instruction unit 41d of the determined tip orientation.
Here, a schematic configuration of the hand 20 (hand with a pick shaft) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the hand 20. 5A shows a schematic configuration of the hand 20, FIG. 5B shows a state in which the tip direction of the gripping claw is changed, and FIG. 5C also shows a reference axis of the workpiece 100. The relationship between 101 and the tip direction of the gripping claw is shown.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the hand 20 includes a pair of moving units 22 each including a slider 21 a and a slider 21 b that can move along the slider shaft 21. A gripping claw 24 is attached to the moving unit 22 via a joint 23. The tip of the gripping claw 24 is a point 24a.
Here, by the operation in which the pair of moving parts 22 move in the direction of approaching each other along the slider shaft 21, the pair of gripping claws 24 sandwich the workpiece 100 and in the direction of moving away from each other, The workpiece 100 sandwiched between the pair of gripping claws 24 is released.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, the gripping claw 24 rotates in the direction indicated by the double-pointed arrow with the joint 23 as a fulcrum. The line connecting the two joints 23 is the pick axis AXp described above. 5A shows a state where the moving unit 22 and the gripping claw 24 are on one straight line, that is, the reference posture of the gripping claw 24. FIG.
FIG. 5B illustrates a state in which the pair of gripping claws 24 are rotated around the pick axis AXp by a predetermined angle from the reference posture shown in FIG. Here, a plane including the pick axis AXp and the two points 24a (each tip of the gripping claws 24) is defined as a plane 50, and a normal line of the plane 50 is defined as a normal line 51.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 5C, when the hand 20 grips the workpiece 100, the gripping claws 24 are arranged so that the normal line 51 and the reference axis 101 of the workpiece 100 are substantially parallel. Adjust the tip direction. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to hold | grip the workpiece | work 100 in the state in which the direction of the holding claw 24 is substantially orthogonal to the reference axis 101 of the workpiece | work 100. FIG.
5C shows a case where the orientation of the gripping claw 24 and the reference axis 101 of the workpiece 100 are substantially orthogonal to each other. However, the orientation of the gripping claw 24 and the reference axis 101 of the workpiece 100 is shown in FIG. The formed angle can be an arbitrary angle.
Returning to the description of FIG. 2, the description of the control device 40 will be continued. The instruction unit 41d instructs the hand 20 about the gripping claw orientation determined by the gripping claw orientation determining unit 41c. In addition, the instruction unit 41d instructs the robot 30 to move the hand 20 accompanying the pick operation.
Here, the instruction unit 41d instructs the robot 30 so that the rotation axis of the terminal movable unit to which the hand 20 is attached (see the axis AXt in FIG. 1) is held substantially parallel to the vertical direction. To do. In addition, the instruction unit 41d appropriately issues a measurement start instruction to the three-dimensional measurement unit 10, and the timing of the measurement start instruction will be described later with reference to FIG.
The storage unit 42 is a storage device such as a hard disk drive or a nonvolatile memory, and stores three-dimensional information 42a and work information 42b. Since the contents of the three-dimensional information 42a and the work information 42b have already been described, the description thereof is omitted here.
In FIG. 2, the control device 40 is described as one device, but the control device 40 may be configured as a plurality of independent devices. For example, a measurement control device that controls the three-dimensional measurement unit 10, a robot control device that controls the hand 20 and the robot 30, and a general control device that controls the measurement control device and the robot control device communicate with each other. Good.
Next, a configuration example of the hand 20 (hand with a pick shaft) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the hand 20. 6A shows the hand 20 attached to the left arm 30b (see FIG. 3), and FIG. 6B shows a configuration example of the hand 20.
As shown in FIG. 6A, the hand 20 is attached to the terminal movable portion 31 of the left arm 30b. Further, the above-described pick axis AXp in the hand 20 is substantially orthogonal to the axis AXt that is the rotation axis of the terminal movable portion 31.
As shown in FIG. 6B, the hand 20 includes a first servo motor 61a used for opening and closing the gripping claws 24 and a second servomotor 62a used for changing the tip direction of the gripping claws 24. Prepare. The hand 20 includes a pair of moving units 22 and a pair of gripping claws 24.
The driving force by the first servomotor 61a is transmitted to the left and right screw shaft 21 via the transmission mechanism 61b. Here, on the one end side and the other end side of the left and right screw shaft 21, screws in opposite directions (left and right screws) are formed, respectively.
Further, in the pair of moving portions 22, screws in the same direction are formed in holes through which the left and right screw shafts 21 are penetrated. Accordingly, the pair of moving portions 22 move in the opposite directions along the left and right screw shafts 21 as the left and right screw shafts 21 rotate.
The driving force by the second servo motor 62a is transmitted to a spline shaft (not shown) via the transmission mechanism 62b. Then, the link mechanism 62d that operates along with the rotation of the spline shaft rotates the disc 23 connected to the grip claw 24 by the pick shaft AXp. As a result, the grip claw 24 rotates around the pick axis AXp, and the tip direction of the grip claw 24 is changed.
As described above, since the distance between the pair of gripping claws 24 and the tip direction are changed by the servo motor, the workpiece 100 can be gripped with an appropriate posture and an appropriate gripping force. Further, the thickness (for example, the shaft diameter of the bolt) of the workpiece 100 at the gripped portion can be acquired.
Next, a picking operation by the hand 20 (hand with a pick shaft) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a pick operation by the hand 20. 7A shows an example of the operation of the gripping claw 24 that grips the workpiece 100, and FIG. 7B shows the positional relationship between the container 200 and the gripping claw 24, respectively.
7A and 7B, the pick axis AXp is illustrated to be perpendicular to the paper surface from the viewpoint of simplifying the description.
As shown in FIG. 7A, the gripping claw 24 is in a posture orthogonal to the reference axis 101 of the workpiece 100 with the axis AXt that is the rotation axis of the terminal movable portion 31 being substantially parallel to the vertical direction. The workpiece 100 is gripped. Therefore, if the tip direction of the gripping claw 24 that grips the workpiece 100 is changed so as to be substantially parallel to the axis AXt, the reference axis 101 of the workpiece 100 is substantially orthogonal to the axis AXt.
As described above, according to the hand 20, even if the workpiece 100 is stacked in various postures, the workpiece 100 can be gripped in a constant gripping posture while maintaining the posture of the terminal movable portion 31. Furthermore, according to the hand 20, the posture of the workpiece 100 after gripping can be changed to a certain posture (for example, a horizontal state) while maintaining the posture of the terminal movable portion 31.
Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, according to the hand 20, the left arm 30 b (see FIG. 3) and the workpiece 100 positioned near the wall surface of the container 200 without bringing the hand 20 into contact with the container 200. It can be picked out.
For example, when gripping the workpiece 100 near the left wall surface in FIG. 7B, after positioning the hand 20 at the position 71, the grip claw 24 is moved so that the tip side of the grip claw 24 approaches the left wall surface. Change the tip orientation. Further, when gripping the workpiece 100 near the right side wall surface in FIG. 7B, after positioning the hand 20 at the position 72, the gripping claw 24 is moved so that the tip side of the gripping claw 24 approaches the right side wall surface. Change the tip orientation.
Next, an example of an instruction given by the instruction unit 41d of the control device 40 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a measurement position and a pick position. 8A shows the case where the measurement position and the pick position are arranged on the vertical line, and FIG. 8B shows the case where the measurement position and the pick position are arranged on the horizontal line. ing. Further, FIG. 8 shows a measurement direction 81 by the three-dimensional measurement unit 10.
As shown in FIG. 8A, the instruction unit 41d positions the container 200 at the measurement position 82 provided in the measurement range of the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 with respect to the right arm 30a that holds the container 200. Instruct.
Subsequently, the instruction unit 41d instructs the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 to start measurement. When the measurement by the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 is completed, the instruction unit 41d instructs the right arm 30a to move the container 200 in the vertical direction (vertically downward) and position it at the pick position 83.
Here, the distance hs corresponding to the measurement position 82 (the distance from the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 to the reference position of the container 200) is smaller than the distance hp corresponding to the pick position 83. This is to secure a work space for the left arm 30b that performs the picking operation while performing measurement at a distance that ensures measurement accuracy by the three-dimensional measurement unit 10.
In addition, the pick position 83 is provided in the vertical direction (vertically downward) of the measurement position 82 in order to prevent displacement of the workpiece 100 in the container 200.
Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the container 200 that has been measured by the three-dimensional measuring unit 10 at the measurement position 82 may be moved horizontally to be positioned at the pick position 84 or the pick position 85. Good. In this case, the instruction unit 41d instructs the robot 30 to turn the trunk 30c shown in FIG.
Thus, the work space of the left arm 30b for performing the picking operation can also be secured by moving the container 200 in the horizontal direction.
Next, a processing procedure executed by the work picking system 1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure executed by the work picking system 1 according to the first embodiment. 9, the “right hand” indicates the hand provided on the right arm 30a in FIG. 3, and the “left hand” indicates the hand 20 (hand with a pick shaft) provided on the left arm 30b in FIG. Point to each.
As shown in FIG. 9, the instruction unit 41d instructs the container 200 to be positioned at the measurement position with the right hand (step S101). The instruction unit 41d instructs the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 to perform three-dimensional measurement (step S102).
Subsequently, the workpiece posture calculation unit 41b determines whether there is a workpiece 100 that can be gripped (step S103). If there is a grippable workpiece 100 (step S103, Yes), the gripping claw orientation determining unit 41c determines the tip direction of the gripping claw in the hand 20 based on the workpiece posture (step S104).
Then, the instruction unit 41d instructs the right hand to position the container 200 at the pick position (step S105), and instructs the left hand (hand 20) to hold the workpiece 100 (step S106). Subsequently, the instruction unit 41d instructs to transfer the workpiece 100 with the left hand (step S107), and determines whether or not the transfer of the required workpiece is completed (step 108).
If the transfer of the required workpiece is completed (step S108, Yes), the process is terminated. On the other hand, when the transfer of the required workpiece has not been completed (No at Step S108), the processes after Step S101 are repeated. The “required work” refers to, for example, the total number for each type of work 100 to be transferred.
By the way, when it is determined that there is no work 100 that can be gripped in Step S103 (No in Step S103), whether or not the remaining work (the number and the total weight of the work 100) in the container 200 is less than a specified value. Is determined (step S109). If the remaining work is less than the specified value (step S109, Yes), an error notification is given (step S110), and the process is terminated.
On the other hand, when the determination condition of step S109 is not satisfied (step S109, No), the instruction unit 41d instructs the right hand to swing the container 200 (step S111), and the processing after step S102. repeat. In addition, since the position of the workpiece | work 100 in the container 200 shift | deviates by rock | fluctuating the container 200, the workpiece | work 100 which can be hold | gripped can be increased.
Note that the transfer of the workpiece 100 with the left hand (step S107) and the movement of the container 200 to the measurement position with the right hand (step S101) shown in FIG. 9 may be performed in parallel.
As described above, the workpiece picking system according to the first embodiment is provided in the three-dimensional measurement unit that measures the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece to be gripped and the terminal movable unit of the multi-axis robot, and changes the interval between the gripping claws. And a hand including a mechanism for changing the tip direction of the gripping claw. In addition, the workpiece picking system according to the first embodiment includes a calculation unit that calculates the posture of the workpiece based on the three-dimensional shape measured by the three-dimensional measurement unit, the workpiece posture calculated by the calculation unit, and the terminal movable unit. And a determining unit that determines the tip direction of the gripping claw based on the direction of the rotation axis. Furthermore, the workpiece picking system according to the first embodiment includes an instruction unit that instructs an operation of gripping the workpiece while maintaining the direction of the rotation axis of the terminal movable unit and the tip direction of the gripping claw determined by the determination unit.
Therefore, according to the workpiece picking system according to the first embodiment, the workpiece gripping posture can be kept constant without changing the posture of the hand itself regardless of the posture of the workpiece to be gripped.
In the first embodiment, the case where the three-dimensional measuring unit is provided separately from the multi-axis robot has been described. However, the three-dimensional measuring device may be provided in the multi-axis robot. In the second embodiment described below, a case where a three-dimensional measuring instrument is provided in a multi-axis robot will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 corresponds to FIG. 6A, and is the same as FIG. 6A except that the three-dimensional measuring unit 10 is provided on the terminal movable portion 31 of the left arm 30b. Therefore, the description common to both will be omitted below.
As shown in FIG. 10, the three-dimensional measuring unit 10 is provided in the terminal movable unit 31 to which the hand 20 is attached. Here, the three-dimensional measuring unit 10 may be provided in a part that rotates around the axis AXt together with the hand 20, or may be provided in a part that does not rotate around the axis AXt.
As shown in FIG. 10, the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 is fixed to the terminal movable unit 31 so that the measurement direction 81 faces the front end side of the hand 20. As described above, by providing the three-dimensional measuring unit 10 in the multi-axis robot including the hand 20, the operation of the robot 30 related to the picking operation can be further simplified.
Further, even when the measurement range of the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 is narrow, it is easy to put the workpiece 100 in the measurement range.
Next, a processing procedure executed by the work picking system 1 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure executed by the work picking system 1 according to the second embodiment. The “right hand” and the “left hand” in FIG. 11 are the same as those in FIG. 9, but the “left hand” is provided with the three-dimensional measuring unit 10 as shown in FIG. Shall.
As shown in FIG. 11, the instruction unit 41d instructs the container 200 to be positioned at the pick position with the right hand (step S201). In addition, the instruction unit 41d instructs the three-dimensional measurement unit 10 provided in the left hand to perform three-dimensional measurement (step S202).
Subsequently, the workpiece posture calculation unit 41b determines whether there is a workpiece 100 that can be gripped (step S203). If there is a grippable workpiece 100 (step S203, Yes), the gripping claw orientation determining unit 41c determines the tip direction of the gripping claw in the hand 20 based on the workpiece posture (step S204).
Then, the instruction unit 41d instructs to hold the workpiece 100 with the left hand (hand 20) (step S205). Subsequently, the instruction unit 41d instructs to transfer the workpiece 100 with the left hand (step S206), and determines whether the transfer of the required workpiece is completed (step 207).
If the transfer of the required workpiece is completed (step S207, Yes), the process is terminated. On the other hand, if the transfer of the required workpiece has not been completed (No at Step S207), the processes after Step S201 are repeated.
By the way, when it is determined in step S203 that there is no work that can be gripped (No in step S203), it is determined whether or not the remaining work (the number and the total weight of the work 100) in the container 200 is less than a specified value. Determination is made (step S208). If the remaining work is less than the specified value (step S208, Yes), an error notification is given (step S209), and the process is terminated.
On the other hand, when the determination condition of step S209 is not satisfied (step S209, No), the instruction unit 41d instructs the container 200 to be swung with the right hand (step S210), and the processing after step S202 is performed. repeat.
As described above, since the work picking system according to the second embodiment is provided with the three-dimensional measuring unit for the multi-axis robot to which the hand having the gripping claw capable of changing the tip direction is attached, the pick operation by the multi-axis robot is performed. Can be simplified. In addition, the posture of the workpiece can be reliably measured regardless of the measurement range of the three-dimensional measurement unit.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the case has been described in which the container is gripped by the right arm of the dual-arm robot and the workpiece in the container is picked up by the left arm. . Moreover, it is good also as performing a pick operation | movement with the one arm robot to which the hand provided with the pick axis | shaft was attached.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case has been described in which the container is swung when the remaining work in the container becomes less than the specified value. It may be done. Moreover, when there are a plurality of work pieces that can be held in the container, the picking operation may be continuously performed while omitting the measurement by the three-dimensional measurement unit.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the picking operation by a hand having a pair of gripping claws is illustrated, but the picking operation is performed by a hand having two or more pairs of gripping claws, that is, a hand having a plurality of pick axes. It is good also as performing. Moreover, it is good also as performing pick operation with the hand which provided the 3 or more holding nail | claw about one pick axis | shaft.
Note that the control device described above can be configured by a computer, for example. In this case, the control unit is a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and the storage unit is a memory. Each function of the control unit can be realized by loading a program created in advance into the control unit and executing the program.
Further effects and modifications can be easily derived by those skilled in the art. Thus, the broader aspects of the present invention are not limited to the specific details and representative examples shown and described above. Accordingly, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
1 Work Picking System 10 3D Measurement Unit 20 Hand (Hand with Pick Axis)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 Robot 40 Control apparatus 41 Control part 41a 3D information acquisition part 41b Work posture calculation part 41c Grasping claw direction determination part 41d Instruction part 42 Storage part 42a 3D information 42b Work information
A double-arm robot having a first arm and a second multi-axis robot as double arms, and having a trunk portion that rotates around a rotation axis substantially parallel to the vertical direction;
A hand that is provided at a terminal movable portion of the first multi-axis robot and includes a mechanism for changing a gap between gripping claws and a mechanism for changing a tip direction of the gripping claws;
Said dual-arm is fixed independently of the robot, the three-dimensional measuring unit you measure the three-dimensional shape of roses stacked been workpiece gripped container from above by a second multi-axis robot,
A calculation unit that calculates the posture of the workpiece based on the three-dimensional shape measured by the three-dimensional measurement unit;
A determination unit that determines the tip direction of the gripping claw based on the posture of the workpiece calculated by the calculation unit and the direction of the rotation axis of the terminal movable unit;
When the measurement by the three-dimensional measuring unit is completed in a state where the distance between the three-dimensional measuring unit and the container is smaller than the distance that secures the work space of the first multi-axis robot, , after instructing the operation to adhere position to a position where the working space of the said container first multi-axis robot is ensured by turning around before Symbol pivot axis orientation and the determination of the rotation axis of the end movable portion A work picking system comprising: an instruction unit for instructing an operation of gripping the work while holding a tip direction of the gripping nail determined by the step.
The tip direction of the gripping claw is determined such that a normal direction of a surface including a rotation axis connecting the supporting points of the gripping claw and a tip of the gripping claw forms a predetermined angle with a reference axis of the workpiece. The work picking system according to claim 1.
The workpiece picking system according to claim 2, wherein the tip direction of the gripping claw is determined so that the normal direction is substantially parallel to an axial direction of the bolt.
The workpiece according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein when the calculation unit fails to calculate the posture of the workpiece, the second multi-axis robot is instructed to move the container. Picking system.
Instructing the pick operation of the workpiece by the first multi-axis robot without instructing a new measurement by the three-dimensional measurement unit when the remaining amount of the workpiece in the container is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold. The work picking system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
JP2011033086A 2011-02-18 2011-02-18 Work picking system Active JP5533727B2 (en)
JP2011033086A JP5533727B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2011-02-18 Work picking system
US13/313,012 US8948904B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2011-12-07 Work picking system
EP11193769.4A EP2489482A3 (en) 2011-02-18 2011-12-15 Work Picking System
CN 201110436049 CN102642201B (en) 2011-02-18 2011-12-22 Work picking system
JP2012171027A JP2012171027A (en) 2012-09-10
JP5533727B2 true JP5533727B2 (en) 2014-06-25
ID=45540744
JP2011033086A Active JP5533727B2 (en) 2011-02-18 2011-02-18 Work picking system
US (1) US8948904B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2489482A3 (en)
JP (1) JP5533727B2 (en)
CN (1) CN102642201B (en)
CN106915258A (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-07-04 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 Bearing support, pickup workpiece and vehicle dashboard
JPH04109815U (en) * 1991-02-28 1992-09-24
DE10080012B4 (en) * 1999-03-19 2005-04-14 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., Kadoma Three-dimensional method for recognizing objects and system for picking up an object from a container with use of the method
JP5489000B2 (en) 2010-08-31 2014-05-14 株式会社安川電機 Working device and component picking system
2011-02-18 JP JP2011033086A patent/JP5533727B2/en active Active
2011-12-07 US US13/313,012 patent/US8948904B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
2011-12-15 EP EP11193769.4A patent/EP2489482A3/en not_active Withdrawn
2011-12-22 CN CN 201110436049 patent/CN102642201B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
CN102642201A (en) 2012-08-22
US8948904B2 (en) 2015-02-03
CN102642201B (en) 2015-04-22
US20120215350A1 (en) 2012-08-23
JP2012171027A (en) 2012-09-10
EP2489482A2 (en) 2012-08-22
EP2489482A3 (en) 2014-11-19
WO2001069336A1 (en) 2001-09-20 Touch calibration system for wafer transfer robot
JP2009107043A (en) 2009-05-21 Gripping device and method of controlling gripping device
US9227321B2 (en) 2016-01-05 Method and device for controlling a manipulator
EP1722935B1 (en) 2014-07-16 Method for calibration of a working point for tools on industrial robots
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