Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/KR20140003691A/en
Timestamp: 2020-01-27 02:46:55
Document Index: 33446891

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 142', 'arts 142', 'arts 142', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 142', 'art 142', 'art 144', 'art 144', 'art 142', 'art 144', 'arts 142', 'art 146', 'art 142', 'art 144']

KR20140003691A - Solar cell module and ribbon assembly - Google Patents
Solar cell module and ribbon assembly Download PDF
KR20140003691A
KR20140003691A KR1020120067536A KR20120067536A KR20140003691A KR 20140003691 A KR20140003691 A KR 20140003691A KR 1020120067536 A KR1020120067536 A KR 1020120067536A KR 20120067536 A KR20120067536 A KR 20120067536A KR 20140003691 A KR20140003691 A KR 20140003691A
KR1020120067536A
KR101890324B1 (en
문강석
2012-06-22 Application filed by 엘지전자 주식회사 filed Critical 엘지전자 주식회사
2012-06-22 Priority to KR1020120067536A priority Critical patent/KR101890324B1/en
2014-01-10 Publication of KR20140003691A publication Critical patent/KR20140003691A/en
2018-09-28 Publication of KR101890324B1 publication Critical patent/KR101890324B1/en
The solar cell module according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of solar cells including a first solar cell and the second solar cell; And a ribbon electrically connecting the first solar cell and the second solar cell. Each of the first and second solar cells may include a semiconductor substrate; First and second conductive regions formed on the semiconductor substrate; A first electrode positioned on a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate and electrically connected to the first conductivity type region; And a second electrode on a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate, spaced apart from the first electrode on a plane, and electrically connected to the second conductivity type region. Unevenness having an inclined surface is formed on at least one surface of the ribbon.
SOLAR CELL MODULE AND RIBBON ASSEMBLY}
The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a ribbon assembly applied thereto.
With the recent depletion of existing energy sources such as oil and coal, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing. Among them, solar cells are attracting attention as a next-generation battery that converts solar energy into electric energy.
A plurality of such solar cells are connected in series or in parallel by ribbons, and manufactured in a module form by a packaging process for protecting the plurality of solar cells. In order to prevent unnecessary short circuits when connecting a plurality of solar cells with a ribbon, an insulating film is used. Conventionally, an insulating film is formed of an opaque material to improve aesthetic characteristics.
In this case, the incident light can not be used as a portion where the opaque insulating film is located, so that the amount of light used is lowered, thereby lowering the efficiency of the solar cell.
The present embodiment is to provide a solar cell module and a ribbon combination that can be used to increase the amount of light to improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
The ribbon assembly according to the present embodiment includes: a ribbon formed to electrically connect a plurality of solar cells and having irregularities having an inclined surface on at least one surface thereof; And an insulating part positioned on one surface of the ribbon and having transparency.
In the solar cell module according to the present embodiment, irregularities are formed on one surface of the solar cell side of the ribbon, and the insulating film positioned between the ribbon and the solar cell has permeability. The light transmitted through the insulating film is reflected by the unevenness of the ribbon and totally reflected by the front substrate of the solar cell, so that light incident toward the insulating film can be used in the solar cell. Thus, the reflection effect can be improved and the efficiency of a solar cell can be improved. At this time, in consideration of the aesthetic characteristics, if the lower the transmittance of the insulating film within a range having a predetermined level or more, it may have an improved aesthetic effect while having a certain level of transmittance.
1 is a rear perspective view showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solar cell of FIG.
3 is a rear plan view of the solar cell of FIG.
4 is a rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in the solar cell module of FIG. 1.
5 is a perspective view illustrating a ribbon according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solar cell module taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 4.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a ribbon assembly applied to a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a rear plan view showing a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a rear plan view showing a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a rear plan view showing a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a partial rear plan view schematically illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a partial rear plan view schematically illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in the solar cell module according to the modification of FIG. 14.
16 is a partial rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
17 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can be modified into various forms.
In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts throughout the specification. In the drawings, the thickness, the width, and the like are enlarged or reduced in order to make the description more clear, and the thickness, width, etc. of the present invention are not limited to those shown in the drawings.
Wherever certain parts of the specification are referred to as "comprising ", the description does not exclude other parts and may include other parts, unless specifically stated otherwise. Also, when a portion of a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another portion, it also includes the case where another portion is located in the middle as well as the other portion. When a portion of a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "directly on" another portion, it means that no other portion is located in the middle.
Hereinafter, a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to FIG. 1, a solar cell module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar cell 150, a front substrate 110 positioned on a front surface of the solar cell 150, And a back sheet 200 positioned on the back surface. In addition, the solar cell module 100 may include a first sealant 131 between the solar cell 150 and the front substrate 110 and a second sealant 132 between the solar cell 150 and the rear sheet 200. It may include.
First, the solar cell 150 is a semiconductor device that converts solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell 150 may be, but is not limited to, a silicon solar cell. Accordingly, the solar cell 150 may have various structures such as a compound semiconductor solar cell, a tandem solar cell, and a dye-sensitized solar cell.
For example, in this embodiment, the first and second conductivity type regions (22 and 24 in FIG. 2) of different conductivity types are formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate (reference numeral 10 in FIG. 2) May be used as the solar cell 150. This will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. A plurality of such solar cells 150 are electrically connected in series, parallel or series-parallel by the ribbons 142 to form the solar cell strings 140. A detailed structure thereof will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.
The bus ribbon 145 alternately connects both ends of the ribbon 142 of the solar cell string 140 to electrically connect the solar cell string 140. The bus ribbon 145 may be disposed in a direction crossing the length direction of the solar cell string 140 at the end of the solar cell string 140. The bus ribbon 145 is connected to a junction box (not shown) that collects electricity generated by the solar cell 150 and prevents electricity from flowing backward.
The first seal member 131 may be positioned on the light receiving surface of the solar cell 150 and the second seal member 132 may be positioned on the back surface of the solar cell 150. The first seal member 131 and the second seal member 132 Are adhered by lamination to cut off moisture or oxygen which may adversely affect the solar cell 150, and allow each element of the solar cell to chemically bond.
The first sealing material 131 and the second sealing material 132 may be made of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), polyvinyl butyral, silicon resin, ester resin, olefin resin, or the like.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the first and second sealing materials 131 and 132 may be formed by a method other than lamination using various other materials.
The front substrate 110 is positioned on the first sealing member 131 to transmit sunlight, and is preferably tempered glass in order to protect the solar cell 150 from an external impact or the like. Further, it is more preferable to use a low-iron-content tempered glass containing a small amount of iron in order to prevent the reflection of sunlight and increase the transmittance of sunlight.
The rear sheet 200 protects the solar cell 150 from the back surface of the solar cell 150, and functions as a waterproof, insulating, and ultraviolet shielding function. The backsheet 200 may be of the TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar) type, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the rear sheet 200 may be made of a material having excellent reflectance so that sunlight incident from the front substrate 110 can be reflected and reused. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the rear sheet 200 may be formed of a transparent material from which solar light can enter, thereby realizing a double-sided solar cell module 100.
The structure of one solar cell 150 constituting a plurality of solar cells 150 in the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Next, a structure for electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells 150 Will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of FIG. 1 taken along a single cutaway of the solar cell, and FIG. 3 is a rear plan view of the solar cell of FIG.
2, each of the solar cells 150 in the present embodiment includes a semiconductor substrate 10 and first and second planar spaced apart planar surfaces (hereinafter referred to as "back surface" Conductive regions 22 and 24 and first and second electrodes 42 and 44 electrically connected to the first and second conductive regions 22 and 24, respectively. And a passivation film 32 for passivating the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24. This will be explained in more detail.
The semiconductor substrate 10 may include various semiconductor materials, for example silicon containing a first conductivity type impurity. As the silicon, single crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon may be used, and the first conductivity type may be n-type, for example. That is, the semiconductor substrate 10 may be made of single crystal or polycrystalline silicon including Group 5 elements such as phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), and antimony (Sb) However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the semiconductor substrate 10 may be p-type.
The front surface and the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 may be textured to have irregularities in the form of a pyramid or the like. If unevenness is formed on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 by such texturing and the surface roughness is increased, the reflectance of light incident through the front surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 may be lowered. Therefore, the amount of light reaching the pn junction can be increased, so that the optical loss can be minimized.
In the drawing, only the front side of the semiconductor substrate 10 is textured, but the present invention is not limited thereto. At least one of the front surface and the rear surface may be textured.
In this embodiment, a p-type first conductivity type region 22 and an n-type second conductivity type region 24 having different conductivity type dopants are formed on the rear surface side of the semiconductor substrate 10. The first conductive type region 22 and the second conductive type region 24 may be spaced apart from each other with an isolation region 36 therebetween to prevent shunt. The first conductive type region 22 and the second conductive type region 24 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance (e.g., several tens of 탆 to several hundreds of 탆) by the isolation region 36. The thicknesses of the first conductivity type region 22 and the second conductivity type region 24 may be equal to each other or may have different thicknesses. The present invention is not limited to the gap or the thickness of the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 described above.
The first conductivity type region 22 may be formed by ion implantation of p-type impurities, and the second conductivity type region 24 may be formed by ion implantation of n-type impurities, respectively. a Group 3 element (B, Ga, In, etc.) may be used as the p-type dopant, and a Group 5 element (P, As, Sb, etc.) may be used as the n-type dopant.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, a layer composed of amorphous silicon having a p-type impurity and a layer made of amorphous silicon having an n-type impurity are formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 so that the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 . It goes without saying that the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 can be formed by various methods.
The planar shape of the first conductivity type region 22 will be described with reference to FIG. 3. 2 is a rear plan view showing first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 and first and second electrodes 42 and 44 of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3, the illustration of the passivation film 32 is omitted for the sake of clarity.
The first conductive type region 22 includes a first line base portion 22a formed along the first edge (lower edge of the drawing) of the semiconductor substrate 10 and a second line base portion 22b extending from the line base portion 22a to the first edge And a plurality of first branch portions 22b extending toward the second edge (the upper edge of the drawing). The second conductive type region 24 includes a second stripe portion 24a formed along the second edge of the semiconductor substrate 10 and a second stripe portion 24b extending from the second stripe portion 24a toward the first edge, And a plurality of second branch portions 24b extending between the first branch portions 22b. The first branch portion 22b of the first conductivity type region 22 and the second branch portion 24b of the second conductivity type region 24 may be alternated with each other. This shape can increase the pn junction area.
At this time, the area of the p-type first conductivity type region 22 may be larger than the area of the n-type second conductivity type region 24. For example, the area of the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 may be larger than the area of the first and second line portions 22a and 24a of the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 and / And the widths of the second branch portions 22b and 24b are different.
In this embodiment, the carrier is collected only toward the rear side, and the distance in the horizontal direction of the semiconductor substrate 10 is relatively larger than the thickness of the semiconductor substrate 10. However, since the moving speed of holes is relatively lower than that of electrons, the area of the p-type first conductivity type region 22 may be larger than that of the second conductivity type region 24 of n-type in consideration of this. At this time, the area of the first conductivity type region 22 may be set to be twice to six times the area of the second conductivity type region 24 in consideration of the electron traveling speed: the hole traveling speed is about 3: 1 . That is, this area ratio is for optimizing the design of the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 in consideration of the electron and hole movement speeds.
Referring again to FIG. 2, a passivation film 32 may be formed on the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24. This passivation film 32 can pass recombination sites of minority carriers by immobilizing defects present on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 (i.e., the surfaces of the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24) . Accordingly, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cell 150 can be increased.
The passivation film 32 corresponding to the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 is formed as a single layer including the same material to form one type of passivation film 32 in the present embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include a plurality of passivation films including materials corresponding to the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24, respectively. At least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, MgF 2 , ZnS, TiO 2 and CeO 2 may be used as the passivation film 32.
A first electrode 42 connected to the first conductive type region 22 and a second electrode 44 connected to the second conductive type region 24 may be formed on the passivation film 32. [ More specifically, the first electrode 42 is connected to the first conductive type region 22 by the first through hole 32a passing through the passivation film 32, and the second electrode 44 is connected to the passivation film 32 may be connected to the second conductive type region 24 by a second through hole 34a passing through the second conductive type region 32. [
3, the first electrode 42 includes a stripe portion 42a formed corresponding to the stripe portion 22a of the first conductivity type region 22 and a stripe portion 42a formed corresponding to the stripe portion 22a of the first conductivity type region 22 And a branch portion 42b formed corresponding to the branch portions 22b of the branch portions 22b. Similarly, the second electrode 44 has a stripe portion 44a formed corresponding to the stripe portion 24a of the second conductive type region 24 and a stripe portion 44a formed corresponding to the stripe portion 24a of the second conductive type region 24, And an arm portion 44b formed corresponding to the first arm portion 44a. The first electrode 42 (more specifically, the stripe portion 42a of the first electrode 42) is located at one side (lower side of the drawing) of the semiconductor substrate 10 and the second electrode 44 (The stripe portion 44a of the second electrode 44) is located on the other side (the upper side of the drawing) of the semiconductor substrate 10. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first electrode 42 and the second electrode 44 may have various planar shapes.
Referring again to FIG. 2, the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may include various materials, for example, a plurality of metal layers may be stacked to improve various characteristics. Only the structure of the first electrode 42 is illustrated in FIG. 2 because the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 have substantially the same lamination structure. The following description of the lamination structure can be applied to the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 in common.
The first and second electrodes 42 and 44 are formed of a first metal layer 42a, a second metal layer 42b and a third metal layer 42c which are sequentially stacked on the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24, .
At this time, the first metal layer 42a may be a seed layer, for example. The first metal layer 42a may be a layer containing aluminum (Al), a layer containing titanium-tungsten alloy (TiW) or chromium (Cr), and a layer containing copper (Cu). Wherein the layer comprising aluminum can function as a back reflector with ohmic contact with the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24. A layer comprising a titanium-tungsten alloy or chromium can act as a barrier to prevent diffusion. The layer containing copper (Cu) can function as a seed layer of the subsequent plating process. In this case, the second metal layer 42b may be a layer formed by electrolytic or electroless plating of copper.
Alternatively, the first metal layer 42a, which is a seed layer, may include nickel (Ni), and the second metal layer 42b may include nickel silicide.
The third metal layer 42c may be a capping layer comprising a single layer comprising tin (Sn), a single layer comprising silver (Ag), or a layer comprising tin and a layer comprising silver Lt; / RTI &gt; At this time, the thickness of the first metal layer 42a may be 300 to 500 nm, and the thickness of the second metal layer 42b may be 10 to 30 占 퐉. And the third metal layer 42c may have a thickness of 5 to 10 mu m. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that the first and second metals 42 and 44 may be formed of a single layer or a plurality of layers including various metals.
On the other hand, the entire front layer 50 may be formed on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate 10. The front whole layer 50 is a region doped with impurities at a concentration higher than that of the semiconductor substrate 10 and functions similarly to a back surface field (BSF). That is, the electrons and holes separated by the incident solar light are prevented from being recombined and extinguished in the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate 10.
An antireflection layer 60 may be formed on the entire front layer 50. The anti-reflection film 22 may be formed on the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate 10. The anti-reflection film 22 reduces the reflectance of light incident on the front surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 and immobilizes defects existing in the surface or bulk of the front surface field layer 50.
The amount of light reaching the pn junction formed at the interface between the semiconductor substrate 10 and the first or second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 can be increased by lowering the reflectance of light incident through the entire surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 have. Accordingly, the short circuit current Isc of the solar cell 150 may be increased. And the open voltage (Voc) of the solar cell 150 can be increased by immobilizing the defects and removing recombination sites of the minority carriers. As described above, the conversion voltage of the solar cell 150 can be improved by increasing the open voltage and the short circuit current of the solar cell 150 by the anti-reflection film 22.
The anti-radiation film 60 may be formed of various materials. For example, the antireflection film 60 may be formed of any one single film selected from the group consisting of a silicon nitride film, a silicon nitride film containing hydrogen, a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, MgF 2 , ZnS, TiO 2 and CeO 2 , And may have a combined multilayer structure. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that the anti-reflection film 60 may include various materials.
4 is a rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in the solar cell module of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a ribbon according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a solar cell module taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 4.
A plurality of solar cells 150 according to the present embodiment are provided. 4 and the following description for clarity, the connection structure of the first solar cell 151 located above and the second solar cell 152 located below is illustrated and described as an example.
As shown in FIG. 4, the first electrode 42 of the first solar cell 151 (in particular, the stem portion 42a of the first electrode 42) and the second electrode of the second solar cell 152. 44 (particularly, the stem portion 44a of the second electrode 44 is adjacent to each other, and the first electrode 42 of the first solar cell 151 and the second electrode of the second solar cell 152). 44 is electrically connected by ribbon 142.
That is, the ribbon 142 may include a connection portion 142a connecting the first electrode 42 of the first solar cell 151 and the second electrode 44 of the second solar cell 152. In this case, a plurality of connection parts 142a may be provided, and the plurality of connection parts 142a may be symmetrically formed based on the center line C in the longitudinal direction of the solar cell string 140. That is, the plurality of connection parts 142a may be formed to be spaced apart from each other at regular intervals on the first electrode 42 and the second electrode 44. As a result, stress (eg, thermal stress) that may occur when the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 are bonded to the ribbon 142 may be minimized.
The connecting portion 142a of the ribbon 142 may have, for example, a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 5 to 30 mm, and a length of 5 mm to 30 mm. This is because the loss due to resistance between the solar cells 150 can be minimized within this range. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the thickness, width, length, etc. of the ribbon 142 may vary depending on the size, type, design matters, etc. of the solar cell 150.
The ribbon 142 of this embodiment includes a connection portion 142b connected to a plurality of connection portions 142a together with a plurality of connection portions 142a. Such a connection portion 142b can reduce the inconvenience of handling a plurality of connection portions 142a separately by connecting the plurality of connection portions 142a. Since the connection portion 142b is located on the insulating portion 144, an unnecessary electrical short circuit with the solar cell 150 does not occur.
The ribbon 142 may be made of various materials having excellent electrical properties and excellent physical properties. For example, the ribbon 142 may include a solder material, and may include a Sn / Ag / Cu system, a Sn / Ag / Pb system, a Sn / Ag system, and a Sn / Pb system. Or, it may include a metal material (for example, aluminum) of excellent conductivity. Alternatively, the ribbon 142 may be formed by stacking an anti-oxidation film on a solder material. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.
An insulating part 144 is disposed between the ribbon 142 and the solar cell 150 to prevent an electrical short between the ribbon 142 and the solar cell 150. The insulating portion 144 is at least between the semiconductor substrate 10 and the ribbon 144 between the first electrode 42 of the first solar cell 151 and the second electrode 44 of the second solar cell 152. It is located while filling the space located in. In this case, some portions of the insulating part 144 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may overlap with each other in consideration of the alignment tolerance.
In this embodiment, the insulating portion 144 has a transmission so that light can pass through to the ribbon 142. The light directed to the ribbon 142 may be reflected by the ribbon 142 and then reflected back toward the front substrate 110 to be used for photoelectric conversion, which will be described later with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
As an example, the transmittance of the insulating unit 144 may be 50 to 100%. In this case, in order to maximize the reflection effect and maximize the efficiency, the transmittance can be increased up to 100%. When considering the aesthetic characteristic with reflection effect, the transmittance is lowered to 50% so that the outline of the ribbon 142 can be seen from the front side .
The insulation portion 144 may include various materials having transparent and excellent insulation properties. For example, the insulating part 144 may be a resin material such as polyether terephthalate (PET) or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), a silicone resin, or may include a ceramic material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride. In this case, when the transmittance is to be lowered to a predetermined value of 50% or more, a white pigment such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, silver white, or the like may be added to the insulating part 144 so that the insulating part 144 may have a desired transmittance. . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the insulation unit 144 may have various materials, and various methods may be applied to the method of controlling the transmittance.
The method of fixing the ribbon 142, the insulating portion 144, and the solar cell 150 will be described later in detail.
Referring to FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the unevenness P is formed on a surface of the ribbon 142 adjacent to the solar cell 150. Such unevenness P has an inclined surface having an angle A of 20 to 45 degrees with a plane of the solar cell 150 as an example. This is limited to the angle at which light reflected from the inclined surface of the uneven surface P can be totally reflected at the interface between the front substrate 110 and the outside air. The total reflection etc will be described later. In this case, if the inclined surface has a concave-convex (P) of the ribbon 142 may have a variety of shapes.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the unevenness P may be formed together at the connecting portion 142b and the connecting portion 142a and may have a stripe shape extending along the length direction of the ribbon 142. . That is, the unevenness P may have a triangular pillar shape having inclined surfaces on both sides thereof and extend in the longitudinal direction of the ribbon 142. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5B, the unevenness P may be formed together at the connecting portion 142b and the connecting portion 142a and may have a stripe shape extending along the width direction of the ribbon 142. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5C, the unevenness P may be formed while having a pyramid shape.
5 (a) to 5 (c) illustrate that the unevenness P is formed in both the connecting portion 142b and the connecting portion 142a, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, as shown in (d) to (e) of FIG. 5, the unevenness P may be formed only at the connecting portion 142a positioned between the first solar cell 151 and the second solar cell 152. to be.
As such, when the insulating part 144 has a light transmitting property and the unevenness P having a predetermined angle with the front substrate 110 is formed on the ribbon 142, as shown in FIG. 6, the ribbon 142 is formed. Light incident to the portion (solid arrow in FIG. 6) passes through the insulating film 144 having transparency to reach the unevenness P of the ribbon 142. The light reaching the unevenness P of the ribbon 142 is reflected by the inclined surface formed on the unevenness P and directed to the front substrate 110 (dashed line arrow in FIG. 6). When the refractive index difference between the front substrate 110 and the outside air is greater than the critical angle, total reflection of light occurs at the interface between the front substrate 110 and the outside air, and the totally reflected light (one-dot ruled arrow in FIG. 6) is sun. It is directed towards the cell 150 and can be used within the solar cell 150.
That is, according to the present exemplary embodiment, the insulating part 144 has a light transmitting property, and the unevenness P having the predetermined angle A and the front substrate 110 is formed on the ribbon 142 to enter the ribbon 142. The light may be used in the solar cell 150 by reflection. In addition, the portion of the insulating portion 144 where the ribbon 142 is not formed may pass light toward the second sealing member 132 and the rear sheet 200. The light may be reflected at the interface between the second sealing member 132 or the back sheet 200 to be totally reflected by the front substrate 110 toward the front substrate 110. This effect can be doubled when the second seal member 132 or the back sheet 200 having excellent surface scattering characteristics is used. As described above, in this embodiment, the efficiency of the solar cell 150 can be improved by increasing the amount of light used.
However, unlike the present embodiment, in the prior art using an opaque insulating film considering only aesthetic characteristics, it is impossible to use solar light incident toward the insulating portion, and thus high efficiency cannot be expected.
As a result of the experiment, the solar cell module 100 according to the present embodiment has an output of about 2W increased based on the 260W class. Considering that the transmittance of the general glass is 91% and that of the antireflection glass is 94% or more, the effect of increasing the power of the present embodiment is expected to be further improved when the front substrate 110 is used as the antireflection glass.
In addition, in the present embodiment, since the unevenness P is formed at a portion of the ribbon 142 adjacent to the solar cell 150, the area of the ribbon 142 in contact with the insulating portion 144 may be increased. Thereby, the adhesive property of the ribbon 142 and the insulating part 144 can be improved.
Hereinafter, the fixing method of the solar cell 150, the ribbon 142, and the insulating unit 144 will be described in more detail.
In one embodiment, the ribbon 142 and the insulating portion 144 may be coupled to each other to form a ribbon assembly (141a, 141b) integrally formed. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7A, the ribbon assembly 141a may be formed by directly forming the insulating portion 144 on the ribbon 142 having the unevenness P. FIG. That is, the insulating portion 144 may be contacted and formed on the ribbon 142 by a method such as deposition or coating. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7B, the ribbon 142 is formed by the first adhesive layer 148a by placing the first adhesive layer 148a between the ribbon 142 and the insulating portion 144. And the ribbon assembly 141b integrating the insulating portion 144 may be formed. In addition, the second adhesive layer 148b may be formed on the other surface of the insulating unit 144 to facilitate fixing with the solar cell 150. As the first and second adhesive layers 148a and 148b, various adhesives, adhesive films, and the like may be used. In addition, the first and second adhesive layers 148a and 148b and the insulating part 144 may be formed of one double-sided tape.
In this case, the solar cell 150, the ribbon 142, and the insulating part may be fixed by fixing the ribbon assemblies 141a and 141b to which the ribbon 142 and the insulating part 144 are bonded to the rear surface of the solar cell 150. 144 can be fixed.
At this time, the insulating portion 144 is positioned on the solar cell 150 side, and then the connecting portion 142a located on one side of the ribbon 142 is positioned on the first electrode 42 of the first solar cell 151 and the ribbon The connecting portion 142b located on the other side of the 142 may be positioned on the second electrode 44 of the second solar cell 152. The ribbon 142 may be electrically connected to the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 by various methods. For example, a bonding layer (not shown) may be formed between the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 for bonding thereof.
In the case where the ribbon 142 includes a solder material, the bonding layer may be flux. That is, the flux is applied on the first and second electrodes 42 and 44, the ribbon 142 is positioned over the plus, and then the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes are baked. The electrodes 42 and 44 can be connected.
Alternatively, the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may be connected using the conductive film or the tape as the bonding layer. For example, a conductive tape may be used between the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 and the ribbon 142. Alternatively, the conductive tape may be positioned between the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 and the ribbon 142, and then connected to each other by thermocompression bonding. The conductive film may be one in which conductive particles formed of gold, silver, nickel, copper or the like having excellent conductivity are dispersed in a film formed of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a polyimide resin, a polycarbonate resin or the like. When the conductive film is compressed while being heated, the conductive particles are exposed to the outside of the film, and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 and the ribbon 142 can be electrically connected by the exposed conductive particles. When the conductive tape or the film is used as described above, the process temperature is lowered and warping of the solar cell string 140 can be prevented. At this time, the conductive tape or film may be coated on the ribbon 142 and formed integrally with the ribbon 142.
Alternatively, the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may be connected using the conductive adhesive layer as a bonding layer. That is, the conductive adhesive layer is coated on the first and second electrodes 42 and 44, and the ribbon 142 is positioned on the conductive adhesive layer to form the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44. Can connect
Alternatively, the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may be connected to each other by using the metal layer obtained by baking the metal paste as a bonding layer. That is, a metal paste is applied on the first and second electrodes 42 and 44, and the ribbon 142 is positioned and baked on the metal paste to form the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44. Can connect At this time, a low-temperature baking paste such as silver (Ag) paste may be used as the metal paste.
Alternatively, the fixing part (reference numeral 146 of FIG. 12) is positioned on the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 and the ribbon 142 to connect the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44. Can be. This will be described again with reference to FIG. 12.
In another embodiment, the ribbon 142 and the insulation 144 may be formed separately from each other and fixed to the solar cell 150. In this case, the ribbon 142 is formed on the insulating part 144 and the first and the ribbons of the solar cell 150 with the insulating part 144 having a form of a sheet, a film, a paste, or the like placed on the rear surface of the solar cell 150. The plurality of solar cells 150 may be electrically connected by connecting the second electrodes 42 and 44. As described above, the insulating part 144 and the solar cell 150 may be fixed to each other directly or through an adhesive layer, and the ribbon 142 and the solar cell 150 may be directly or through a bonding layer, a fixing part, or the like. Can be fixed to each other. Since this has been described in detail above, the description thereof will be omitted.
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8 to 18. Details of the same or extremely similar parts as those of the above embodiment will be omitted, and the different parts will be described in detail.
Referring to FIG. 8, unlike the above-described embodiment in which the width of the connection portion 142b is uniform, in this embodiment, there is a portion where the width of the connection portion 142b changes. More specifically, the connection portion 142b is formed so that the width of the portion adjacent to the connection portion 142a and the width of the portion located far from the connection portion 142a are different from each other. More specifically, as the distance from the connection portion 142a increases, the width of the connection portion 142b gradually decreases. Accordingly, the connection part 142b corresponding to one connection part 142a may have a substantially rhombus shape.
In the present embodiment, the through hole 1244 is formed at the portion of the connection portion 142a that overlaps the insulation portion 144. That is, the ribbon 142 according to the present exemplary embodiment may minimize the difference in width by forming the through hole 1244 in a portion having a relatively wide first width. Thereby minimizing thermal stresses and minimizing thermal shock when the ribbon 142 is expanded and contracted by heat. Therefore, the durability of the ribbon 142 can be improved. In addition, the through hole 1244 may further improve the adhesive property with the insulating part 144.
In FIG. 8, one through hole 1244 is formed in a portion overlapping the insulating part 144 in each connection part 142a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto and various modifications are possible. That is, as illustrated in FIG. 9, a plurality of through holes 1244 may be formed at portions of the connection portions 142a that overlap with the insulation portions 144. Accordingly, the thermal stress due to the difference in width of the ribbon 142 may be minimized, and the adhesive property of the insulating part 144 may be further improved.
In addition, although FIG. 8 illustrates that the through hole 1244 is rectangular, the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the through hole 1244 may have a circular shape, or as illustrated in FIG. 11, the through hole 1244 may have an elliptical shape. Alternatively, the through hole 1244 may have a shape of a triangle, a rhombus, and various other polygons.
Referring to FIG. 12, in the present exemplary embodiment, only a plurality of connection parts 142a spaced apart from each other are provided without the connection part (reference numeral 142b of FIG. 4). Then, the thermal stress can be minimized, and the impact when the connecting portion 142a is expanded and contracted by heat can be minimized. Thus, the durability of the ribbon 142 can be improved.
In FIG. 12, as an example, the fixing part 146 fixing the ribbon 142 to the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 is formed on the connection part 142a of the ribbon 142. The fixing portion 146 may include various materials such as a film, a tape, a paste, and the like, and may include a material capable of fixing the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44. In this case, positioning the fixing portion 146 on the first and second electrodes 42, 44 and the ribbon 142 with the ribbon 142 placed on the first and second electrodes 42, The first and second electrodes 42 and 44 and the ribbon 142 can be connected to each other. Alternatively, a plurality of the connecting portions 142a and the fixing portions 146 may be formed integrally with each other, and then the integrated connecting portion 142a and the fixing portion 146 may be fixed to the back surface of the solar cell 150. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that the fixing portion 146 may be omitted.
Referring to FIG. 13, in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 have only the stem portions 42a and 42b without the branch portions (the same reference numerals 42b and 44b in FIG. 3). do. Having such a structure may simplify the structures of the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 and may be advantageous in the manufacturing process.
14 is a partial rear plan view showing a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, the first and second conductivity-type regions 22 and 24 are illustrated in schematic form for clarity.
Referring to FIG. 14, a width of another portion of the first electrode 42 and the second electrode 44 according to the present exemplary embodiment may be smaller than a portion corresponding to the connection portion 142a of the ribbon 142. As a result, the width of the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 is reduced in a portion that does not correspond to the connecting portion 142a of the ribbon 142, and thus the portion of the first and second conductivity-type regions 22 and 24 may be reduced to this portion. The first and second branch portions 22b and 24b may be formed to extend.
In more detail, when the width of portions other than the portion corresponding to the connection portion 142a in the first electrode 42 located on one side of the semiconductor substrate 10 (lower side of the semiconductor substrate 10) is reduced, The second branch portion 24b may be extended to the portion. In addition, when the width of the portion other than the portion corresponding to the connecting portion 142a in the second electrode 44 located on the other side of the semiconductor substrate 10 (upper side of the semiconductor substrate 10) is reduced, One branch 22b can be extended to be formed.
As a result, the areas of the first and second conductivity-type regions 22 and 24 participating in the photoelectric conversion may be increased, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the solar cell.
In FIG. 14, the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 respectively extend along the road from one side of the semiconductor substrate 10 and have a large width at the portion corresponding to the connection portion 142a of the ribbon 142 to connect them. It is illustrated that this has a small width. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may have an island shape formed only at a portion corresponding to the connection portion 142a of the ribbon 142. .
In addition, in FIGS. 14 and 15, the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 have only stem portions (see reference numerals 42a and 44a of FIG. 4, which are the same below) located on one side of the semiconductor substrate 10. Although illustrated, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the branch portions corresponding to the branch portions 22b and 24b of the first and second conductivity-type regions 22 and 24 are referred to by the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 (see reference numerals 42b and 44b of FIG. 4). And the same below). In this case, the stem portions 42a and 44a may have a smaller width than other portions than the portions corresponding to the connection portions 142a of the ribbon 142. The first and second branch portions 22b and 24b of the first and second conductivity type regions 22 and 24 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 are formed at portions where the connection portion 142a is not formed. The branch portions 42b and 44b can be extended.
16 is a rear plan view illustrating a connection structure of two solar cells in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 16, the ribbon 142 according to the present embodiment is formed to have a uniform width. That is, one side (the upper side of the drawing) of the ribbon 142 is in contact with the first electrode 42 of the first solar cell 151 as a whole, and the other side (the lower side of the drawing) of the ribbon 142 is entirely the second. In contact with the second electrode 44 of the solar cell 152. Accordingly, the contact area between the ribbon 142 and the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 can be increased to efficiently collect electrons or holes.
17 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 17, the insulating part 144 according to the present exemplary embodiment may include the first solar cell 151 between the semiconductor substrate 10 and the ribbon 142 of the first and second solar cells 151 and 152. Located between the first electrode 42 and the second electrode 44 of the second solar cell 152, not between the side surfaces of the semiconductor substrate 10 of the first and first solar cell 151. . This is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in which the insulation 144 is also located between the first and second solar cells 151 and 152 (particularly between the side surfaces of the semiconductor substrate 10).
Referring to FIG. 18, the ribbon 142 according to the present embodiment may be disposed on not only surfaces adjacent to the first and second solar cells 151 and 152 but also opposite surfaces thereof (that is, the surfaces positioned toward the rear sheet 200). Unevenness P having an inclined surface is formed. That is, the concave-convex (P) is formed on both sides of the ribbon 142 may reflect the light incident from the back of the solar cell module to reuse. This can be usefully applied to bi-facial solar cells.
Features, structures, effects and the like according to the above-described embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to only one embodiment. Further, the features, structures, effects, and the like illustrated in the embodiments may be combined or modified in other embodiments by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments belong. Therefore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to these combinations and modifications.
100: solar module
150: solar cell
142: ribbon
144: Insulation film
A plurality of solar cells comprising a first solar cell and the second solar cell; And
A ribbon electrically connecting the first solar cell and the second solar cell
First and second conductive regions formed on the semiconductor substrate;
A first electrode located on a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate and electrically connected to the first conductive type region; And
And a second electrode electrically connected to the second conductivity type region, the second electrode being spaced apart from the first electrode in a plane on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate,
The solar cell module is formed with irregularities having an inclined surface on at least one surface of the ribbon.
And a solar cell module positioned between the plurality of solar cells and the ribbon and having an insulating property.
Solar cell module having a transmittance of 50 to 100% of the insulation.
A solar cell module having irregularities formed on both surfaces of the ribbon or one surface adjacent to the plurality of solar cells on the ribbon.
The unevenness is a solar cell module extending in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the ribbon.
The unevenness is a solar cell module having a pyramid shape.
The inclined surface of the uneven solar cell module to form an angle of 20 to 45 degrees with the front surface of the solar cell module.
And the ribbon includes a connection portion connecting the first electrode of the first solar cell and the second electrode of the second solar cell.
At least a portion of the first conductivity type region and the second conductivity type region is located at a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate,
The first electrode is located on a first side of the semiconductor substrate,
The second electrode is located on a second side of the semiconductor substrate opposite to the first side,
The first conductivity type region includes a plurality of branch portions extending from the first electrode toward the second electrode,
The second conductivity type region includes a plurality of branches extending from the second electrode toward the first electrode,
The plurality of branch portions of at least one of the first conductive type region and the conductive type region are formed longer in a portion where the connecting portion is not located than a portion where the connecting portion is located.
The solar cell module is provided with a plurality of the connection portion, the connection portion is formed symmetrically with respect to the center line of the solar cell.
The solar cell module is spaced apart from each other.
And a connection part connected to the connection part and positioned to correspond to the insulation part.
And the width of the connecting portion gradually decreases as the distance from the connecting portion increases.
The ribbon includes a portion having a first width and a portion having a second width smaller than the first width.
And at least one through hole is formed in the portion having the first width.
Wherein the ribbon has a uniform width as a whole.
And a fixing part fixing the ribbon to the first electrode or the second electrode on the ribbon.
The solar cell module wherein the insulating portion comprises a resin or a ceramic material.
The solar cell module wherein the insulating portion further comprises a white pigment.
A ribbon formed to electrically connect the plurality of solar cells and having irregularities having an inclined surface on at least one surface thereof; And
Insulation part positioned on one surface of the ribbon and having transparency
Ribbon assembly comprising a.
KR1020120067536A 2012-06-22 2012-06-22 Solar cell module and ribbon assembly KR101890324B1 (en)
KR1020120067536A KR101890324B1 (en) 2012-06-22 2012-06-22 Solar cell module and ribbon assembly
US13/644,425 US20130340804A1 (en) 2012-06-22 2012-10-04 Solar cell module and ribbon assembly applied to the same
EP12007047.9A EP2677554A1 (en) 2012-06-22 2012-10-11 Solar cell module and ribbon assembly applied to the same
CN201210398907.9A CN103515360B (en) 2012-06-22 2012-10-19 Solar module and the band assembly being applied to solar module
JP2013083899A JP2014007384A (en) 2012-06-22 2013-04-12 Solar cell module and ribbon assembly applied to the same
KR20140003691A true KR20140003691A (en) 2014-01-10
KR101890324B1 KR101890324B1 (en) 2018-09-28
ID=47172203
US (1) US20130340804A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2677554A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2014007384A (en)
KR (1) KR101890324B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103515360B (en)
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2012-06-22 KR KR1020120067536A patent/KR101890324B1/en active IP Right Grant
2012-10-04 US US13/644,425 patent/US20130340804A1/en active Pending
2012-10-11 EP EP12007047.9A patent/EP2677554A1/en active Pending
2012-10-19 CN CN201210398907.9A patent/CN103515360B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
2013-04-12 JP JP2013083899A patent/JP2014007384A/en active Pending
EP2677554A1 (en) 2013-12-25
CN103515360B (en) 2016-12-21
KR101890324B1 (en) 2018-09-28
CN103515360A (en) 2014-01-15
JP2014007384A (en) 2014-01-16
US20130340804A1 (en) 2013-12-26
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2017-11-06 AMND Amendment
2018-03-29 E601 Decision to refuse application
2018-05-28 X701 Decision to grant (after re-examination)