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Patent US4226625 - Diatomaceous earth, silica-alumina filler, clays, wood glues, graphite ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign in<nobr>Advanced Patent Search</nobr>PatentsA composition for insulating or coating tundish materials useful in casting steel which comprises two forms: ______________________________________ Broad Medium Preferred (%) (%) (%)______________________________________(a) a troweling mixCelite 300 (diatomaceousearth) 5-50 5-25 10.0200M Mullite (refractorysilica-alumina...http://www.google.com/patents/US4226625?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4226625 - Diatomaceous earth, silica-alumina filler, clays, wood glues, graphite, colloidal silica, waterAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4226625 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 06/045,531Publication dateOct 7, 1980Filing dateJun 4, 1979Priority dateJun 4, 1979Also published asCA1128254A1Publication number045531, 06045531, US 4226625 A, US 4226625A, US-A-4226625, US4226625 A, US4226625AInventorsGuy A. Delcorio, Joseph V. GrothausOriginal AssigneeNalco Chemical CompanyExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (4), Referenced by (11), Classifications (25), Legal Events (3) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetDiatomaceous earth, silica-alumina filler, clays, wood glues, graphite, colloidal silica, waterUS 4226625 AAbstract A composition for insulating or coating tundish materials useful in casting steel which comprises two forms:
Broad Medium Preferred (%) (%) (%)______________________________________(a) a troweling mixCelite 300 (diatomaceousearth) 5-50 5-25 10.0200M Mullite (refractorysilica-alumina filler) 5-50 10-30 27.0M&D clay (refractoryfiller) 2-20 2-15 7.5Goulac (wood glue) 0.2-5 0.2-2.5 0.5Cerafiber 312 (silica-alumina fiber) 5-25 5-15 7.53216 Graphite (graphite) 1-25 5-20 10.0Nalgun #2 Binder(colloidal silica binder) 1-30 5-15 7.5Water 15-50 20-40 30.0(b) a gunning mixCelite 300 (diatomaceousearth) 5-50 5-25 15.0200M Mullite (refractorysilica-alumina filler) 5-50 10-30 36.8M&D clay (refractoryfiller) 2-20 5-15 10.0Goulac (wood glue) 0.5-5 0.5-2.5 0.7Cerafiber 312 (silicaalumina fiber) 5-25 5-15 10.03216 Graphite (graphite) 1-25 5-20 15.0Nalgun #2 Binder(colloidal silica binder) 1-30 5-15 10.0Water 1-10 1-5 2.5______________________________________
We claim: 1. A tundish composition useful in casting steel which has the range of components as a troweling mix as follows: ______________________________________               Percent______________________________________Diatomaceous earth    5-50Refractory silica-alumina filler                 5-50Clay                  2-20Wood glue             0.2-5Silica-alumina fiber  5-25Graphite              1-25Colloidal silica binder                 1-30Water                 15-50______________________________________ 2. The tundish composition according to claim 1 wherein the range of components as a troweling mix is as follows: ______________________________________             Percent______________________________________Diatomaceous earth  5- 25Refractory silica-aluminafiller              10- 30Clay                2- 15Wood glue           0.2- 2.5Silica-alumina fiber               5- 15Graphite            5- 20Colloidal silica binder               5- 15Water               20- 40______________________________________ 3. The tundish composition according to claim 1 wherein the percentages are as follows: ______________________________________             Percent______________________________________Diatomaceous earth  10.0Refractory silica-aluminafiller              27.0Clay                7.5Wood glue           0.5Silica-alumina fiber               7.5Graphite            10.0Colloidal silica binder               7.5Water               30.0______________________________________ 4. A tundish composition useful in casting steel which has the range of components as a gunning mix as follows: ______________________________________             Percent______________________________________Diatomaceous earth  5- 50Refractory silica-alumina filler               5- 50Clay                2- 20Wood glue           0.5- 5Silica alumina fiber               5- 25Graphite            1- 25Colloidal silica binder               1- 30Water               1- 10______________________________________ 5. The tundish composition according to claim 4 wherein the range of components as a gunning mix is as follows: ______________________________________             Percent______________________________________Diatomaceous earth  5- 25Refractory silica-aluminafiller              10- 30Clay                5- 15Wood glue           0.5- 2.5Silica alumina fiber               5- 15Graphite            5- 20Colloidal silica binder               5- 15Water               1- 5______________________________________ 6. The tundish composition according to claim 4 wherein the percentages are as follows: ______________________________________             Percent______________________________________Diatomaceous earth  15.0Refractory silica-aluminafiller              36.8Clay                10.0Wood glue           0.7Silica alumina fiber               10.0Graphite            15.0Colloidal silica binder               10.0Water               2.5______________________________________ 7. A tundish composition useful in casting steel which has the following components ______________________________________             Percent______________________________________Mullite             45.29Clay                6.66Wood glue           0.53Colloidal silica binder               10.66Water               10.12Acrylamide-acrylic acidcopolymer           0.02Wetting agent       0.06Alumina-silica fiber               26.64______________________________________ Description
The present invention is designed to provide an insulating composition or compositions for use in casting steel where one of the receptacles is called a tundish. A discussion of tundishes is set out in The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel, 9th edition, 1971, U.S. Steel, page 710, FIG. 23, etc. Also see Millot, "Clay," Scientific American, April, 1979, pages 109-118.
In one form of this invention the tundish coating or tundish board which is utilized contains about 30% water in a troweling mix and a second form is the "non-aqueous" gunning mix which is used cold or at room temperature. The formulation of the recipe herein described is one of simplicity in that each composition or mixture is stirred from 10-15 minutes in a suitable container.
STATEMENT OF PRIOR ART The prior art in which this invention falls is shown by U.S. Pat. No. 4,014,704 Miller (Johns-Manville) which describes the difficulties of insulating where, as here, molten steel and molten metal are contacted.
THE INVENTION This invention relates to a composition for insulating or coating tundish materials useful in casting steel which comprises two forms:
______________________________________         Broad  Medium    Preferred         (%)    (%)       (%)______________________________________(a) a troweling mixCelite 300 (diatomaceousearth)          5-50     5-25      10.0200M Mullite (refractorysilica-alumina filler)           5-50     10-30     27.0M&amp;D clay (refractoryfiller)         2-20     2-15      7.5Goulac (wood glue)           0.2-5    0.2-2.5   0.5Cerafiber 312 (silica-alumina fiber)  5-25     5-15      7.53216 Graphite (graphite)           1-25     5-20      10.0Nalgun #2 Binder(colloidal silica binder)           1-30     5-15      7.5Water           15-50    20-40     30.0(b) a gunning mixCelite 300 (diatomaceousearth)          5-50     5-25      15.0200M Mullite (refractorysilica-alumina filler)           5-50     10-30     36.8M&amp;D clay (refractoryfiller)         2-20     5-15      10.0Goulac (wood glue)           0.5-5    0.5-2.5   0.7Cerafiber 312 (silicaalumina fiber)  5-25     5-15      10.03216 Graphite (graphite)           1-25     5-20      15.0Nalgun #2 Binder(colloidal silica binder)           1-30     5-15      10.0Water           1-10     1-5       2.5______________________________________
Both the troweling mix containing additional water and the gunning mix for utilization in a hand applicator have the unique advantage of insulating properties and the utilization of graphite. Both methods of applying are different from the conventional tundish board which has to be set in place when the tundish is cold and after one use must be discarded. Also, the gunning material can be utilized when the tundish is hot and the surface is restored to its original contour with enough insulating material. The gunning variety is more versatile in that, as above, it can be applied to the tundish in the stand when it is hot, which takes about 15-20 minutes, whereas previous procedures necessitated pulling the tundish out, letting it cool, relining it and putting it back up, which takes about 24 hours.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE INSTANT INVENTION The basic composition of most formulations of the instant invention although other ingredients can be utilized basically comprises:
(A) A refractory filler
(C) Wood glue
(D) A colloidal silica binder
(E) Wetting agent
(F) A refractory fiber
(G) Graphite
(A) The refractory filler utilized may include any number of well-known refractory grain materials. These refractory fillers are generally stable forms of aluminum-silicates and may either be synthetic or naturally occurring. A preferred form of refractory filler is mullite.
(B) The clay utilized in this invention may be any number of hydrated aluminum-silicates or mixtures thereof. Preferred forms of clay include those categorized as ball clays which while being hydrated aluminum-silicates have good plasticity, strong bonding power and high refractoriness. Clays of this type which may be utilized include kaolinite, montmorillonite and bentonite.
(C) The wood glues employed in this invention are generally either natural or modified materials obtained from the sap of trees. These materials are generally thermoplastic resin emulsions which act as a glue.
(D) The colloidal silica binders useful in this invention are generally aqueous silica sol materials available commercially from the Nalco Chemical Company under the trademark Nalcoag or from E. I. DuPont de Neumours and can be under the trademark Ludox. Example of silica sols which are useful in this invention are found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,184,813 which is hereinafter incorporated by reference. The sol utilized in this invention was an aqueous material containing approximately 37.5 weight percent of SiO2.
(E) The wetting agent employed may be either cationic, non-ionic or anionic. Preferred materials utilized in this invention are anionic water soluble materials. Due to the variety of materials employed, it is impossible to list all materials which will perform in this invention. A preferred material, however, is Aerosol OT available from the American Cyanimid Company which is described as the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid. It should be pointed out, however, that other wetting agents would also be expected to perform satisfactorily in this invention.
(F) The alumina-silica refractory fibers utilized are conventional alumina-silica refractory fibers. An example of a material of this type is Fiberfrax available commercially from the Carborundum Company. Of course, other materials may be utilized with the instant invention. These materials include thickening agents such as acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymers, biocides to prevent deterioration of the material during storage and the like.
(G) The graphite selected for use in our invention may be in any of the commercially available forms, including both an amorphous and crystalline materials. It is only important that the material be capable of being suspended in aqueous solutions and thus the particle size should not be so large as to prevent this from occurring. We have found it particularly expedient and commercially advantageous to use amorphous graphite due to its lower cost and the absence of the need for extremely high purity material.
NON-AQUEOUS PROPERTIES The present invention provides a tundish board or gunning mix which is insulating or in which the thermal conductivity is low. Experiments with comparative tundish boards have shown that the insulating comparison favors the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the FIGURE it is noted that a board formulated according to the preferred formula for the troweling mix provided less heat transfer than a commercial competing board shown in the FIGURE.
A test to determine the heat transfer of the troweling mix compared to a competing tundish board was conducted by inserting a 11/4" thick section of test material into a muffle furnace at 1000� F. and 1500� F. The muffle furnace was allowed to soak at temperature for one hour, inserting the test specimen (5.35"�4.50"�1.25") into the furnace door. The hot face temperature was measured using a thermal couple contacting the cold face of the test specimen. The cold face temperature was recorded over a one-hour period to determine the relative thermal conductivity between the two test specimens.
EXAMPLE A non-aqueous tundish composition was formulated from the percentiles of the following ingredients by thorough mixing in a 25.5 liter container for 15 minutes:
______________________________________               Percent______________________________________Mullite               45.29Clay                  6.66Wood glue             0.53Colloidal silica binder                 10.66Water                 10.12Water soluble acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer (thickener)                 0.02Wetting agent         0.06Alumina-silica fiber  26.64______________________________________
The above was utilized as a tundish lining composition in casting steel and exhibited superior insulating properties as well as being quickly useful in patching and repairing existing tundish board.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3184813 *Nov 7, 1963May 25, 1965Nalco Chemical CoMetal casting processUS3243397 *Aug 18, 1961Mar 29, 1966Gen Motors CorpMold and core coating composition from calcined hydrated aluminum silicate, mica, and bentoniteUS3962492 *Jul 30, 1974Jun 8, 1976Foseco International LimitedMethod of protecting refractory lining in containers for molten metalUS4014704 *Feb 2, 1976Mar 29, 1977Johns-Manville CorporationInsulating refractory fiber composition and articles for use in casting ferrous metals* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4307197 *May 15, 1980Dec 22, 1981Nalco Chemical CompanyRefractory insulating veneerUS5064787 *Nov 20, 1989Nov 12, 1991Magneco/Metrel, Inc.Ramming compositionsUS5147830 *Nov 21, 1991Sep 15, 1992Magneco/Metrel, Inc.Composition and method for manufacturing steel-containment equipmentUS5147834 *Aug 19, 1991Sep 15, 1992Magneco/Metrel, Inc.Gunning compositionUS5344800 *Jun 10, 1993Sep 6, 1994A.P. Green Industries, Inc.Plastic refractory compositions having improved flowabilityUS5418198 *Aug 23, 1993May 23, 1995Magneco/Metrel, Inc.Excellent flow, magnesium oxide, metallic powder, clayUS5494267 *Jul 26, 1994Feb 27, 1996Magneco/Metrel, Inc.Pumpable casting composition and method of useUS5944888 *Jan 9, 1998Aug 31, 1999North American Refractories Co.Mixture of lightweight aggregate, binder, fibers and foaming agentsUS6107350 *Aug 8, 1997Aug 22, 2000Cabot CorporationGel compositionsEP0077444A1 *Aug 13, 1982Apr 27, 1983Kennecott CorporationCeramic fiber boardWO2011104010A2 *Feb 23, 2011Sep 1, 2011Vatramaxx GmbhLight paste-like refractory adhesives and their use* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification106/38.22, 106/38.28International ClassificationC04B35/66, C04B33/13, B22D41/02Cooperative ClassificationC04B2235/3427, C04B33/13, C04B2235/9676, C04B35/80, C04B35/63444, C04B2111/00887, C04B2111/00482, C04B2235/422, C04B35/66, B22D41/02, C04B35/632, C04B2235/3463, C04B35/6316European ClassificationC04B35/632, C04B35/80, C04B35/63B4, C04B35/66, C04B33/13, B22D41/02, C04B35/634B20Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionJun 2, 1994ASAssignmentOwner name: MINTEQ INTERNATIONAL INC., NEW YORKFree format text: CHANGE OF ADDRESS EFFECTIVE AUGUST 30, 1993.;ASSIGNOR:MINTEQ INTERNATIONAL INC. 235 EAST 42ND STREET NEW YORK, NY 10017;REEL/FRAME:007011/0128Effective date: 19930830Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:SPECIALTY REFRACTORIES INC.;REEL/FRAME:007011/0124Effective date: 19940204Jan 25, 1993ASAssignmentOwner name: SPECIALTY REFRACTORIES INC., NEW YORKFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:QUIGLEY COMPANY INC.;REEL/FRAME:006396/0498Effective date: 19921201Jun 10, 1988ASAssignmentOwner name: QUIGLEY COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK, NY, A NY CORP.Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NALCO CHEMICAL COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004886/0253Effective date: 19880601RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services©2012 Google