Source: http://www.bernaerts-unclos.de/_A/a/58.html
Timestamp: 2018-11-14 21:52:14
Document Index: 753234509

Matched Legal Cases: ['Art. 156', 'Art. 176', 'Art. 177', 'Art.156', 'Art. 1', 'Art. 157', 'Art. 157', 'Art. 137', 'Art. 153', 'Art. 171', 'Art. 160', 'Art. 171', 'Art. 13', 'Art. 171', 'Art.10', 'Art. 82', 'Art. 171', 'Art. 174', 'Art. 158', 'Art. 158', 'Art.153', 'Art. 170', 'Art. 158', 'Art. 160', 'Art. 3', 'Art. 6', 'Art. 22', 'Art. 168', 'Art. 187', 'Art. 168', 'Art. 168', 'Art. 156', 'Art. 176', 'Art. 177', 'Art.156', 'Art. 1', 'Art. 157', 'Art. 157', 'Art. 137', 'Art. 153', 'Art. 171', 'Art. 160', 'Art. 171', 'Art. 13', 'Art. 171', 'Art.10', 'Art. 82', 'Art. 171', 'Art. 174', 'Art. 158', 'Art. 158', 'Art.153', 'Art. 170', 'Art. 158', 'Art. 160', 'Art. 3', 'Art. 6', 'Art. 22', 'Art. 168', 'Art. 187', 'Art. 168', 'Art. 168']

Book page 58-59
THE SEA-BED AUTHORITY
The Convention provides for the establishment of the International Sea-Bed Authority[1] at the time the Convention goes into effect. As this date was not known at the time of the conclusion of the Conference, it was decided to establish a Preparatory Commission to make the necessary arrangements for the commencement of the functions of the Authority.[2] The Commission, which was established in December 1982, is to remain in existence until the conclusion of the first session of the Sea-Bed Authority Assembly.[3]
The Authority thus established has international legal personality and such legal capacity as may be necessary for the exercise of its functions and the fulfillment of its purposes.[4] The Authority and certain persons connected with it enjoy diplomatic status in the performance of their duties.[5] Members of the Authority are those states and entities which are �states parties.�[6] The Authority is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its members[7] and is the organization through which the States Parties organize and control activities in the Area with the view of administering the resources[8] for the benefit of mankind as a whole, on whose behalf the Authority is to act.[9]
[1] Art. 156, Para . 1,
[2] Final Act, Annex I, Resolution I,
[3] Ibid (Para. 13),
[4] Art. 176,
[5] Art. 177-183,
[6] Art.156, Para . 2; Art. 1, Para . 2; 306-307,
[7] Art. 157, Para.3,
[8] Art. 157, Para.1
[9] Art. 137, Para . 2; Art. 153, Para . 1, [10] Art. 171, Subpara. (a); Art. 160, Subpara. 2(e),
[11] Art. 171(b); Annex III, Art. 13,
[12] Art. 171(c); Annex IV, Art.10,
[13] Art. 82,
[14] Art. 171, Subpara. (d-f),
[15] Art. Art. 174, Para . 4,
[16] Art. 158, Para . 1
[17] Art. 158, Para . 2; Art.153, Para . 2; Art. 170, Para . 1, [18] Art. 158, Para . 3; Art. 160, Para . 2(d),
[19] Annex III, Art. 3; Art. 6,
[20] Annex III, Art. 22,
[21] Art. 168, Para . 3,
[22] Art. 187, Subpara. (e),
[23] Art. 168, Para . 2,
[24] Art. 168, Para . 3
The long-term goal is for the Sea-Bed Authority to become self-supporting. Until that time, the Authority is to receive contributions from its members, the amount of which is to be fixed in accordance with the regular budget of the United Nations.[10] Further funds necessary for operation are to come from activities in the Area, i.e., from royalties paid by operators in the Area,[11] from payments by the Enterprise,[12] or from coastal states for exploration of the outer shelf.[13] The Authority may also raise money by other means, particularly in the initial phase.[14] It also has the right to borrow funds, for which the States Parties are not liable.[15]
The Convention establishes four organs to enable the Authority to fulfil its tasks, three of which are the Assembly, the Council, and the Secretariat.[16] The fourth organ established by the Convention is the Enterprise, through which the Authority carries out activities in the Area directly in accordance with a formal written plan of work as well as transporting, processing, and marketing minerals recovered from the Area.[17] Further subsidiary organs may be established by the Authority as necessary.[18] Except for the Enterprise (which enjoys a special status), these organs act through the Authority. The Authority is the body which concludes contracts with mining operators[19] and which is liable for damage caused by wrongful acts or omissions by the organization[20] or its staff.[21] While actions against the Authority are to be submitted to the Sea-Bed Disputes Chamber[22] certain violations by staff members[23] are considered by a special tribunal of the Authority.[24]
[1] Art. 156, Para . 1, [2] Final Act, Annex I, Resolution I, [3] Ibid (Para. 13), [4] Art. 176, [5] Art. 177-183, [6] Art.156, Para . 2; Art. 1, Para . 2; 306-307, [7] Art. 157, Para.3, [8] Art. 157, Para.1, [9] Art. 137, Para . 2; Art. 153, Para . 1, [10] Art. 171, Subpara. (a); Art. 160, Subpara. 2(e), [11] Art. 171(b); Annex III, Art. 13, [12] Art. 171(c); Annex IV, Art.10, [13] Art. 82, [14] Art. 171, Subpara. (d-f), [15] Art. Art. 174, Para . 4, [16] Art. 158, Para . 1, [17] Art. 158, Para . 2; Art.153, Para . 2; Art. 170, Para . 1, [18] Art. 158, Para . 3; Art. 160, Para . 2(d), [19] Annex III, Art. 3; Art. 6, [20] Annex III, Art. 22, [21] Art. 168, Para . 3, [22] Art. 187, Subpara. (e), [23] Art. 168, Para . 2, [24] Art. 168, Para . 3,
Further Readings : - Developing States. (Commentary), - Measures to Close the Economic Gap. (Commentary)
Next page 60-61