Source: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2009/11/25/E9-27945/fuel-economy-regulations-for-automobiles-technical-amendments-and-corrections
Timestamp: 2018-08-18 11:28:10
Document Index: 104752245

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 600', 'art 600', 'art 86', 'art 600', 'art 600', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u2009600', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u200986', '§\u2009600', 'art 86', 'art 86', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', 'art 600', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', '§\u2009600', '§\u200986', '§\u200986', 'art 600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', 'art 51', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u200986', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', 'art 86', 'art 600', 'art 86', '§\u2009600', '§\u200986', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', '§\u2009600', 'art 533']

61537-61555 (19 pages)
E9-27945
https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E9-27945 https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E9-27945
This rule is effective on January 25, 2010 without further notice, unless EPA receives adverse comment by December 28, 2009. If EPA receives Start Printed Page 61538adverse comment, we will publish a timely withdrawal in the Federal Register informing the public that the rule will not take effect. The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in this rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of January 25, 2010.
Start Printed Page 61539
On December 27, 2006, EPA finalized a new fuel economy labeling rule.[2] Under this rulemaking, EPA regulations state that labeling requirements under Subpart D are applicable to 2008 and later model year cars and light-duty trucks and 2011 and later model year medium duty passenger vehicles (MDPVs).[3] Prior to the 2008 model year, labeling requirements in Subpart D were applicable to gasoline-fueled, diesel-fueled, alcohol-fueled, natural gas fueled, alcohol dual fuel and natural gas dual fuel light-duty vehicles.
“Commercial hybrids available today ultimately obtain all propulsion energy from liquid fuel stored in the fuel tank, while a plug-in hybrid uses a combination of liquid fuel and supplemental energy from the electric grid stored in the battery (i.e., overnight charge). Properly accounting for this supplemental electric energy is the central issue in assessing the performance of plug-in hybrids. Therefore, plug-in hybrids will require a more comprehensive assessment in order to determine the proper test procedures for fuel economy and emissions. Since plug-in hybrid technology is rapidly advancing, we will work with key stakeholders in the next few years to assess the appropriateness of the 5-cycle methodology in capturing the fuel economy impact of the plug-in technology. We agree strongly with those commenters urging against technology-specific adjustment factors. We are especially concerned that such an approach would create an uneven playing field across vehicles. We are aware that technologies are rapidly developing, and we intend to ensure, as part of our ongoing evaluation of the fuel economy test methods, that new and developing technologies are represented appropriately.” (Complete document available at http://www.epa.gov/​fueleconomy/​regulations.htm)
In this context, EPA is revising several regulatory provisions in 40 CFR Part 600 related to fuel economy testing, labeling and CAFE, to make appropriate modifications for use with advanced technology vehicles. EPA reviewed the various applicable regulations to determine where appropriate modifications were needed to address advanced technology vehicles. In large part this called for changes to regulations that address test procedures for test vehicles and calculation procedures to determine fuel economy for the test vehicle, as well as regulations that address what fuel economy value and other information the label is to include. The Agency's detailed analysis of the need for regulation changes to 40 CFR Part 600 regulations is outlined below.Start Printed Page 61540
The data derived from Part 86 emissions tests and Part 600 fuel economy tests (using test procedures outlined in Part 600 Subpart B) are used to calculate the fuel economy values for each vehicle model. The methods to calculate the test vehicle's fuel economy for the specific test are provided in 40 CFR 600.113-08. For example, this section specifies how to calculate the fuel economy for the test vehicle for FTP, HFET, US06, SC03 and cold temperature FTP tests. These calculation procedures are specified for vehicles fueled with gasoline, diesel, alcohol-based or natural gas fuel. There are specific calculations for automobiles fueled with natural gas, methanol-fueled automobiles and automobiles designed to operate on mixtures of gasoline and methanol.[4] Fuel economy for vehicles operated on other fuels not listed above may use calculations with advance approval from the Administrator.[5]
Currently, tests of conventional hybrids use the calculation methodology for the gasoline, diesel, or other fuel that they use, as EPA considers that the electric energy used by the hybrid originates in the combustion of the gasoline, diesel, or other fuel. Advanced technology vehicles however may need different calculation procedures. For example, plug-in hybrids may not be treated the same as conventional hybrids, as the plug-in hybrid operates in part on fuel such as gasoline and diesel, and in part on electric power that originates from the electricity grid and not from the combustion of the gasoline or diesel fuel. In that case, EPA would use the current provision at 40 CFR 600.113-08(l) to approve appropriate calculation procedures for use with plug-in hybrids. This same provision could be used for other advanced technology vehicles as well. Electric vehicles could also be covered by this provision, at least for purposes of calculating fuel economy of the test vehicle for later use in labeling. For purposes of CAFE, fuel economy calculation procedures are provided by the Department of Energy to determine the electric vehicles urban and highway fuel economy value.[6] Based on the discretion already provided in 40 CFR 600.113-08(l), EPA does not believe that further modification is needed to this provision for purposes of calculating fuel economy for advanced technology test vehicles.
Once EPA or the manufacturer tests the vehicle, using appropriate test procedures, and calculates the fuel economy for the test vehicle over the tests, then 40 CFR 600.114-08 specifies how to calculate the 5-cycle city and highway fuel economy values for that Start Printed Page 61541test vehicle for purposes of labeling under Subpart D, including specific calculations for hybrid vehicles. 40 CFR 115-08 establishes criteria for determining the fuel economy label calculation method for 2011 and later model year vehicles, mpg-based or 5-cycle, for test groups. Assuming appropriate test and calculation procedures have been used under 40 CFR 600.113-08 and 600.114-08, then no changes are needed to these provisions for advanced technology vehicles.
Fuel economy values for vehicle configurations are calculated under the provisions of 40 CFR 600.206-08, for FTP-based and HFET-based fuel economy, and under 40 CFR 600.207-08, for vehicle-specific 5-cycle based fuel economy values for vehicle configurations. Fuel economy calculations to determine highway and city fuel economy for a model type are provided under 40 CFR 600.208-08, FTP-based and HFET-based fuel economy values for a model type, and section 40 CFR 600.209-08, vehicle-specific 5-cycle fuel economy values for a model type. These provisions apply to all 2008 and later model year light-duty automobiles.[7] No revisions are needed to these provisions for advanced technology vehicles, as these provisions do not specify whether and how to use these values, but only how to calculate them.
“Minivan means a light truck which is designed primarily to carry no more than eight passengers having an integral enclosure fully enclosing the driver, passenger, and load-carrying compartments, with a total interior volume at or below 180 cubic feet, and rear seats readily removed or folded to floor level to facilitate cargo carrying. A Start Printed Page 61542minivan typically includes one or more sliding doors and a rear liftgate.” [40 CFR 600.002-08.]
EPA is concerned that advanced technology vehicles (which are beginning to be introduced into commerce is relative small numbers) [8] may have fuel economy values which are an order of magnitude greater than conventional vehicles. Classifying these vehicles in the same comparable class of vehicles as conventional gasoline-fueled vehicles will tend to undermine the usefulness of providing the range of the highest and lowest mpg values within each vehicle class. For example, comparing mid-sized gasoline vehicles (mid-sized 2009 vehicles ranged from 11 to 46 combined city/highway mpg) to a mid-sized electric vehicle which gets 100 miles per gallon-equivalent makes all gasoline vehicles in the class appear to have very poor fuel economy. Furthermore, since the new technology vehicles may be available in such small Start Printed Page 61543numbers initially (and for other reasons) manufacturers have commented that the new technology vehicles should not be compared to conventional vehicles.
§ 86.132-00(n) Clarify the preconditioning cycle used for EPA US06 tests To make EPA preconditioning consistent with Industry practice.
§ 86.135-90(c); § 86.159-08(b)(9); § 86.230-90(e)(3); § 600.111-08(a)(9(ii) Revise extra cooling provisions to clarify that variable speed fan(s) may be used and/or the hood closed if approved in advance by the Administrator To provide flexibility in extra cooling provisions. EPA experienced several test vehicle problems in 2008 due to inherent undercooling of fixed speed fans.
§ 86.164-08 (c)(1)(i)(D)(2) and (c)(2)(i)(C)(2) Clarify US06 “highway” portion is 0-130 seconds * * * instead of 1-130 seconds. Clarify that the sampling system should be turned off 5 seconds after the engine stops running (e.g. 602 or 603 seconds) instead of 596 seconds Corrects errors to ensure consistent test procedures and measurement methods.
§ 86.210-08(a) The reference that reads “86.109-4” should read “86.109-94” Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.002-08 Revised definition of “Fuel.” Add hydrogen and LPG (propane) to the fuel definition.
§ 600.002-08 Revised definition of “Fuel Economy” for electric vehicles To be consistent with current EPA policy and ensure accurate interpretation of the regulations.
§ 600.008-08(b)(3)(i) Correcting a regulatory reference. “The manufacturer may * * * accept lower * * * fuel economy results for use in Subpart C or F * * *” is changed to read: “The manufacturer may * * * accept lower * * * fuel economy results for use in Subpart D or F * * *” Corrects an error.
§ 600.107-08(c) Add test fuel requirements for fuels not specifically covered in § 86.113, e.g. ethanol, hydrogen, LPG (propane) To ensure accurate interpretation of the regulations.
§ 600.111-08 Introductory paragraph Clarify that the applicable test procedures for fuel economy data vehicles are in accordance with Part 86 test procedures, including the provisions of 86.1840 Special Test Procedures and other Part 86 subsections To ensure accurate interpretation of the regulations.
§ 600.113-08(h)(1) Correct error by removing a meaningless term, (“x C” term) from the mpg equation Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.113-08(k) In the definition for DNG that follows the formula for mpg, the “3” in the term “ft3” should be superscripted, i.e., “ft3” Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.114-08(b)(2)(ii)(A) Revise a term in the equation for StartFC from 0.0055155 to 0.005515 Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.114-08(c)(1)(i)(B) Revise a term in the equation for Running FC from Bag 320 3 FE to Bag 320 FE Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.115-08 Introductory paragraph Add text that clarifies that alternative fuel vehicles and MDPVs may continue to base FE Label values on mpg-based derived 5-cycle calculations in 2011 and later model year Requirements were outlined in preamble to the Final Rule at 71 FR 77897-98 and 71 FR 77907, Dec 27, 2006, but were not clarified in regulatory text.
§ 600.115-08(a)(1)(i) Add “(c)” so the paragraph will read “is determined according to the provisions of § 600.114-08(a) or (c) * * * ” Paragraph (c) is used to calculate HEV 5-cycle FE values To ensure accurate interpretation of the regulations.
§ 600.115-08(a)(1)(ii) Replace “(a)(i)” with “(a)(1)(i)” in the sentence “Using the same FTP data as used in paragraph (a)(i) * * *” Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.210-08 (a) Clarify that dedicated alternative fueled vehicles and dual fueled vehicles when operating on alternative fuel may use the derived 5-cycle method of determining FE labels. Allow alternative label methods in paragraph (e) of this section” To ensure accurate interpretation of the regulations.
§ 600.210-08 (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(ii) Clarify rounding. Clarify that MT FTP FE and MT HFET FE should be rounded to 4 decimal places § 600.210-08(a)(2)(i) and (ii) specify rounding “to the nearest tenth;” however referenced paragraph 600.208-08(b)(3) already rounds model type city & highway values to 4 decimal places. Change is needed for regulatory consistency.
§ 600.210-08 (a)(2)(i) Insert a space in “MTFTP” to make it “MT FTP.” Correct reference from “600.208-08(a)” to “600.208-08(b)” Corrects typographical errors.
§ 600.210-08 (a)(3)(i) Correct a regulatory reference. Correct reference from “paragraph (a)(1) or (b)(2)” to “paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2)” Corrects a typographical error.
§ 600.315-08(b)(1) In 600.315-08, paragraph (b)(1), delete the “A” in the word “Atwo”, to read “two seater” not “Atwo seater” Corrects a typographical error.
In April, 2006, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) promulgated final rules which established CAFE standards for 2008-2011 trucks.[9] In these rules, NHTSA included two sets of standards, the first called “Unreformed,” applicable for 2008 through 2010 model year trucks, and the second called “Reformed,” optional for 2008 through 2010 model year and required beginning with 2011 model year trucks. Then in March 2009, NHTSA promulgated a final rule which revised the 2011 truck “reformed” CAFE requirements and established new “reformed” CAFE standards for 2011 model year passenger automobiles.[10] NHTSA's 2008-2011 CAFE requirements include two requirements which are not covered by EPA's current regulations.
First, NHTSA is for the first time requiring trucks known as “medium duty passenger vehicles” (MDPVs) to be including in the manufacturers' fleet CAFE. NHTSA adopted the same criteria to define MDPVs as contained in EPA's Tier 2 emission regulations.[11] NHTSA regulations define MDPVs as follows:
In EPA's recent fuel economy labeling rule, we also adopted this same definition and added labeling requirements for new MDPVs beginning in 2011, at the same time as the new “reformed” CAFE requirements take effect. However, we made no changes to our CAFE regulations at that time, saying that we would instead do so via today's separate regulatory action. We finalized the NHTSA definition of MDPV's in our regulations at 40 CFR 600.002-08 in the 2006 fuel economy labeling rule.[12] NHTSA requires MDPVs to be included in CAFE starting in 2011, but in order to correctly implement NHTSA's new requirements we must make minor revisions to EPA regulations to enable MDPVs to be included in the CAFE calculations for 2011 and later.
The second change needed to EPA CAFE regulations is to add manufacturer reporting requirements to the CAFE “model year report” submitted to EPA every year.[13] Today's action will require the model year report to contain the applicable CAFE fuel economy standard (also called “required fuel economy level”) and the basis for determining that required fuel economy level. According to NHTSA requirements, the “required fuel economy level” for each manufacturer is based on the “footprint” of the vehicles which are introduced into commerce by that manufacturer. Thus, today's action adds NHTSA's footprint definition, and footprint reporting requirements, including the features used to determine footprint, such as wheelbase, front track width, and rear track width.
The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 extended the provision allowing CAFE incentives for alternate fuel vehicles to 2019, codified at 42 U.S.C. 32905. In today's direct final rule, we have amended our fuel economy regulations to be consistent with the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007.[14] The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 provides that the maximum increase in average fuel economy for a manufacturer attributable to dual fueled ethanol and duel-fueled natural gas vehicles is as follows:
In addition, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 modified 49 U.S.C. 32906(b), removing the “offsets” to the maximum increase in average fuel economy in the event that NHTSA were to reduce the CAFE standard for passenger automobiles below 27.5 mpg.Start Printed Page 61545
On April 4, 1994, NHTSA finalized regulations combining all domestic and imported trucks into a single truck class for CAFE purposes beginning with the 1996 model year.[15] Previously, NHTSA's regulations required the calculation and reporting of separate domestic and imported truck CAFE values and EPA's CAFE regulations likewise included separate calculations. However, EPA regulations were not modified at the time that NHTSA changed its regulations.[16] Thus, in today's action, we are removing the requirements for manufacturers to report separate import and domestic information and data for trucks. For consistency, today's action references NHTSA regulations for passenger car and light truck categories (although no change was needed to the domestic and import passenger car categories at this time).
§ 600.002-08 Revise light truck definition Clarify that MDPVs are included beginning in 2011.
§ 600.010-08(d) Revised CAFE minimum test requirements Clarify that city & highway tests are required for 2011 and later MDPVs.
§ 600.501-93 Revise Subpart F applicability Consistency with DOT; clarify that MDPVs are included in 2011 and later CAFEs.
§ 600.510-08(e) In section 600.510-08, paragraph (e), in the expression for “IW”, an extraneous letter “x” that appears to the left of a multiplication sign should be deleted To ensure accurate interpretation of the regulations.
§ 600.511-80(a) Added “Except with advance approval of the Administrator,” To allow exceptions per 49 U.S.C. 32904(b)(5); and 49 CFR 526.3.
§ 600.511-80(b)(5) Revise reference to U.S. Code per NHTSA request Correct errata due to a revision in U.S. Code.
This action does not impose any substantive new information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. for the changes to the minivan definition, the requirements to include medium-duty passenger vehicles (MDPVs) in CAFE calculations, the additional CAFE footprint reporting requirements, or any other certification, fuel economy labeling and CAFE changes contained in this direct final rule. Burden is defined at 5 CFR 1320.3(b). Note that the data submittal requirements to include MDPVs in 2011 and later CAFE data and to report footprint information for reformed CAFE have already been established by NHTSA in its final rules for new passenger automobile and truck CAFE standards,[17] and the accompanying NHTSA ICR (OMB 2127-00019).
Regarding the MDPV requirements for 2011 and later CAFEs, the following Start Printed Page 61546statement was made in EPA's Information Collection Request (ICR) for the 2008 Fuel Economy Labeling rule:
“Also beginning with model year 2011, medium-duty passenger vehicles (MDPVs) will be included in the labeling program. MDPVs essentially include SUVs and passenger vans that are between 8,500 and 10,000 lbs. “GVWR” (gross vehicle weight ratings). This change is congruent with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA's) expansion of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program to include MDPVs beginning the same model year (71 FR 17565; April 6, 2006). Because more vehicle testing is required under CAFE than under labeling, the impacts of increased testing for MDPVs will be in the ICR for the rule to implement EPA's role in the CAFE program, which will be finalized in a separate action, in time for model year 2011, or in the appropriate fuel economy program information collection renewal.” [18] (Emphasis added.)
After considering the economic impacts of this final rule on small entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Based on Small Business Administration size standards, small businesses in the automobile manufacturing industry are defined as those having less than 1000 employees per firm. Additionally, they are identified using the North America Industrial Classification System (NAICS) by NAICS code 336111. Out of a total of approximately 80 automotive manufacturers subject to this direct final rule, EPA estimates that approximately 10 of these could be classified as small entities based on SBA size standards. No new burden for fuel economy labeling is being imposed by this direct final rule. The new reporting requirement for the reform CAFE footprint data has already been established by NHTSA in its final rule for new truck CAFE standards,[19] and thus this direct final rule imposes no additional burden.
This action does not have Tribal implications, as specified in Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). The impacts of this direct final rule are limited to the regulated entities: the automotive manufacturing industry. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.Start Printed Page 61547
2. Amend § 86.132-00 by revising paragraph (n)(1)(i) and removing and reserving paragraph (n)(1)(ii) to read as follows:
§ 86.132-00
3. Amend § 86.135-90 by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:
(b) During dynamometer operation, a fixed speed cooling fan shall be positioned so as to direct cooling air to the vehicle in an appropriate manner with the engine compartment cover open. In the case of vehicles with front engine compartments, the fan shall be squarely positioned within 12 inches (30.5 centimeters) of the vehicle. In the case of vehicles with rear engine compartments (or if special designs Start Printed Page 61548make the above impractical), the cooling fan shall be placed in a position to provide sufficient air to maintain vehicle cooling. The fan capacity shall normally not exceed 5300 cfm (2.50 m3/sec). If however, the manufacturer can show that during field operation the vehicle receives additional cooling, and that such additional cooling is needed to provide a representative test, the fan capacity may be increased, additional fans used, variable speed fan(s) may be used, and/or the engine compartment cover may be closed if approved in advance by the Administrator. For example, the hood may be closed to provide adequate air flow to an intercooler through a factory installed hood scoop. Additionally, the Administrator may conduct certification, fuel economy and in-use testing using the additional cooling set-up approved for a specific vehicle.
4. Amend § 86.159-08 by revising paragraph (b)(9) to read as follows:
§ 86.159-08
5. Amend § 86.164-08 by revising paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(D)(
§ 86.164-08
Supplemental Federal Test Procedure calculations.
(2) In the case of a 2-phase US06 test run according to the provisions of § 86.159-08(f)(2) and part 600 of this chapter:
6. Section 86.210-08 is amended by revising paragraph (a) introductory text to read as follows:
§ 86.210-08
(a) General applicability. The exhaust gas sampling system requirements of § 86.109-94 (which apply to Otto-cycle vehicles), also apply to diesel vehicles that are not required to undergo particulate measurement as allowed under § 600.111-08(e) of this chapter, except that heated flame ionization detector (HFID), probe, sample lines and filters are required as described as follows:
7. Section 86.230-11 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(3) to read as follows:
§ 86.230-11
8. Section 86.230-94 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(3) to read as follows:
§ 86.230-94
9. Section 86.1823-08 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(1)(iii)(B)(
(1) The equivalency factor may be determined by an evaluation of the SRC and the customized/alternative cycle Start Printed Page 61549using catalyst time-at-temperature data from both cycles with the BAT equation to calculate the required bench aging time of each cycle. Once the bench aging time is calculated for each cycle, the equivalency factor is the ratio described by dividing the bench aging time on the customized/alternative cycle by the bench aging time on the SRC.
10. The authority citation for part 600 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 32901-23919q, Public Law 109-58.
11. Section 600.002-08 is amended as follows:
a. In the definition of “Fuel,” paragraph (4) is amended by removing the period and adding in its place “; or”.
§ 600.002-08
12. Section 600.010-08 is amended by revising paragraph (d) to read as follows:
§ 600.010-08
Vehicle test requirements and minimum data requirements.
(d) Minimum data requirements for the manufacturer's average fuel economy. For the purpose of calculating the manufacturer's average fuel economy under § 600.510, the manufacturer shall submit FTP (city) and HFET (highway) test data representing at least 90 percent of the manufacturer's actual model year production, by configuration, for each category identified for calculation under § 600.510-08(a).
13. Section 600.011-93 is amended by revising paragraph (a) and by adding paragraph (b)(3) to read as follows:
§ 600.011-93
(a) Incorporation by reference. The documents in paragraph (b) of this section have been incorporated by reference. The incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies may be inspected at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460, phone (202) 272-0167, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/​federal_​register/​code_​of_​federal_​regulations/​ibr_​locations.html.
(3) SAE Material. The following table sets forth material from the Society of Automotive Engineers that has been incorporated by reference. The first column lists the number and name of the material. The second column lists the section(s) of this part, other than § 600.011-93, in which the matter is referenced. The second column is presented for information only and may not be all inclusive. Copies of these materials may be obtained from Society of Automotive Engineers World Headquarters, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, phone (877) 606-7323 (U.S. and Canada) or (724) 776-4970 (outside the U.S. and Canada), or at http://www.sae.org.
Motor Vehicle Dimensions—Recommended Practice SAE 1100a (Report of Human Factors Engineering Committee, Society of Automotive Engineers, approved September 1973 as revised September 1975) 600.315-08; 600.315-82.
14. Section 600.107-08 is amended by adding paragraph (c) to read as follows:
§ 600.107-08
(c) Test fuels which do not have fuel specifications provided in the provisions of § 86.113 of this chapter may be used if approved in advance by the Administrator.
15. Section 600.111-08 is amended as follows:
a. By adding introductory text to this § 600.111-08.
§ 600.111-08
This section provides test procedures for the FTP, highway, US06, SC03, and the cold temperature FTP tests. Testing shall be performed according to test procedures and other requirements contained in Part 86 and Part 600 of this Start Printed Page 61550chapter, including the provisions of Part 86, Subparts B, C, and S.
16. Section 600.113-08 is amended by revising paragraphs (h)(1) and (k) to read as follows:
§ 600.113-08
Fuel Economy Calculations for FTP, HFET, US06, and cold temperature FTP tests.
(h)(1) For gasoline-fueled automobiles tested on test fuel specified in § 86.113-04(a), the fuel economy in miles per gallon is to be calculated using the following equation:
mpg = (5174 × 104 × CWF × SG)/[((CWF × HC) + (0.429 × CO) + (0.273 × CO2)) × ((0.6 × SG × NHV) + 5471)]
CO2 = Grams/mile CO2 as obtained in paragraph (g) of this section.
mpge = miles per equivalent gallon of natural gas.
CWFHC/NG = carbon weight fraction based on the hydrocarbon constituents in the natural gas fuel as obtained in paragraph (g) of this section.
DNG = density of the natural gas fuel [grams/ft3 at 68 °F (20 °C) and 760 mm Hg (101.3 kPa)] pressure as obtained in paragraph (g) of this section.
CH4, NMHC, CO, and CO2 = weighted mass exhaust emissions [grams/mile] for methane, non-methane HC, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide as calculated in § 600.113.
CWFNMHC = carbon weight fraction of the non-methane HC constituents in the fuel as determined from the speciated fuel composition per paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
CWFNG = the carbon weight fraction of the natural gas fuel as calculated in paragraph (f) of this section.
WFCO2 = weight fraction carbon dioxide of the natural gas fuel calculated using the mole fractions and molecular weights of the natural gas fuel constituents per ASTM D 1945-91 “Standard Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography” (incorporated by reference at § 600.011-93).
17. Section 600.114-08 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(2)(ii)(A) and (c)(1)(i)(B) to read as follows:
Vehicle-specific 5-cycle fuel economy calculations.
Bag y FE75 = the fuel economy in miles per gallon of fuel during the specified bag of the FTP test conducted at an ambient temperature of 75 °F.
BagYX FE = the fuel economy in miles per gallon of fuel during the specified bag Y of the FTP test conducted at an ambient temperature X of 75 °F or 20 °F.
18. Section 600.115-08 is amended as follows:
§ 600.115-08
This section provides the criteria to determine if the derived 5-cycle method for determining fuel economy label values, as specified in § 600.210-08 (a)(2) or (b)(2), as applicable, may be used to determine label values for 2011 and later model year vehicles. Separate criteria apply to city and highway fuel economy for each test group. The provisions of this section are optional. If this option is not chosen, or if the criteria provided in this section are not met, fuel economy label values for 2011 and later model year vehicles must be determined according to the vehicle-specific 5-cycle method specified in § 600.210-08(a)(1) or (b)(1), as applicable. However, dedicated alternative-fuel vehicles, dual fuel vehicles when operating on alternative fuel, and MDPVs may use the derived 5-cycle method for determining fuel economy labels for 2011 and later model years whether or not the criteria provided in this section are met.
(i) The vehicle-specific 5-cycle city fuel economy from the official FTP, HFET, US06, SC03 and Cold FTP tests for the test group is determined according to the provisions of § 600.114-08(a) or (c) and rounded to the nearest one tenth of a mile per gallon.
City Intercept = Intercept determined by the Administrator. See § 600.210-08(a)(2)(iii).
City Slope = Slope determined by the Administrator. See § 600.210-08(a)(2)(iii).
FTP FE = the FTP-based city fuel economy from the official test used for certification compliance, determined under § 600.113-08(a), rounded to the nearest tenth.
19. Section 600.210-08 is amended as follows:
§ 600.210-08
(a) General Labels. Except as permitted in paragraph (e) of this section, fuel economy for general labels can be determined by two methods. The first is based on vehicle-specific model-type 5-cycle data as determined in § 600.209-08(b). This method is optional beginning in the 2008 model year for all vehicles, including medium-duty passenger vehicles, and required beginning in the 2011 model year (except for dedicated alternative-fuel vehicles, dual fuel vehicles when operating on alternative fuel, and medium duty passenger vehicles) unless otherwise indicated according to the provisions in § 600.115-08. The second method is the derived 5-cycle method, and is based on fuel economy that is derived from vehicle-specific 5-cycle model type data as determined in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. This method is required for 2008 through 2010 model years (except for medium-duty passenger vehicles, in which case it is optional), and is permitted beginning in 2011 model year under the provisions of § 600.115-08. If the manufacturer determines that the resulting label values from either of these methods are not representative of the fuel economy for that model type, they may voluntarily lower these values. All 2011 and later model year medium-Start Printed Page 61552duty passenger vehicles, dedicated alternative-fueled vehicles, and dual fuel vehicles when operating on alternative fuel must be labeled for fuel economy, using the derived 5-cycle method or, at the manufacturer's option, the vehicle-specific 5-cycle method. Fuel economy label values for dual fuel vehicles operating on alcohol-based or natural gas fuel are calculated separately.
MT FTP FE = the model type FTP-based city fuel economy determined under § 600.208-08(b), rounded to the nearest 0.0001 mpg.
MT HFET FE = the model type highway fuel economy determined under § 600.208-08(b), rounded to the nearest 0.0001 mpg.
FEalt = The unrounded FTP-based model-type city or HFET-based model-type highway fuel economy from the alternate fuel, as determined in § 600.208(b)(5)(ii).
FEgas = The unrounded FTP-based city or HFET-based model type highway fuel economy from gasoline (or diesel), as determined in § 600.208(b)(5)(i).
20. Section 600.307-08 is amended by adding new paragraph (k) to read as follows:
§ 600.307-08
21. Section 600.315-08 is amended as follows:
§ 600.315-08
Classes of comparable automobiles.
(c) All interior and cargo dimensions are measured in inches to the nearest 0.1 inch. All dimensions and volumes shall be determined from the base vehicles of each body style in each car line, and do not include optional equipment. The dimensions H61, W3, W5, L34, H63, W4, W6, L51, H201, L205, L210, L211, H198, W201, and volume V1 are to be determined in accordance with the procedures outlined in Motor Vehicle Dimensions SAE J1100a (Report of Human Factors Engineering Committee, Society of Automotive Engineers, approved September 1973 and last revised September 1975), as incorporated by reference as specified in § 600.011-93, except as noted herein:
22. Section 600.501-93 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:
§ 600.501-93
(a) The provisions of this subpart are applicable to 1993 and later model year passenger automobiles and light trucks, and to the manufacturers of passenger automobiles and light trucks as determined by the Secretary of Transportation in 49 CFR 531.3 and 49 Start Printed Page 61554CFR 533.3. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to medium-duty passenger vehicles manufactured in 2011 model year and later model years and to the manufacturers of such vehicles.
23. Section 600.502-81 is amended by adding a new paragraph (a)(4) to read as follows:
§ 600.502-81
24. Section 600.510-08 is amended as follows:
§ 600.510-08
IW = (9.2917 × 10−3 × SF3IWC × FE3IWC)−(3.5123 × 10−3 × SF4ETW × FE4IWC).
1993-2014 1.2
2020 and later 0
25. Section 600.511-80 is amended as follows:
§ 600.511-80
26. Section 600.512-08 is amended by adding new paragraphs (c)(8) and (c)(9) to read as follows:
§ 600.512-08
(8) For 2008-2010 light truck model year reports, the average fuel economy standard or the “required fuel economy level” pursuant to 49 CFR Part 533, as applicable. Model year reports for light trucks meeting required fuel economy levels pursuant to 49 CFR 533.5(g) and (h) shall include information in sufficient detail to verify the accuracy of the calculated required fuel economy level. Such information is expected to include but is not limited to, production information for each unique footprint Start Printed Page 61555within each model type contained in the model year report and the formula used to calculate the required fuel economy level. Model year reports for required fuel economy levels shall include a statement that the method of measuring vehicle track width, measuring vehicle wheelbase and calculating vehicle footprint is accurate and complies with applicable Department of Transportation requirements.