Source: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Serbia_2006?lang=en
Timestamp: 2019-02-16 15:39:44
Document Index: 353925668

Matched Legal Cases: ['ART 1', 'ART 2', 'ART 3', 'ART 4', 'ART 5', 'ART 6', 'ART 7', 'ART 8', 'ART 9', 'ART 10']

Considering the state tradition of the Serbian people and equality of all citizens and ethnic communities in Serbia, Considering also that the Province of Kosovo and Metohija is an integral part of the territory of Serbia, that it has the status of a substantial autonomy within the sovereign state of Serbia and that from such status of the Province of Kosovo and Metohija follow constitutional obligations of all state bodies to uphold and protect the state interests of Serbia in Kosovo and Metohija in all internal and foreign political relations, the citizens of Serbia adopt
PART 1. CONSTITUTION PRINCIPLES
Article 1. Republic of Serbia
Article 2. Sovereignty holders
Article 3. Rule of law
Article 4. Division of power
Article 5. Political parties
Article 6. Prohibition of the conflict of interests
Article 7. Coat of arms, flag and national anthem
National anthem of the Republic of Serbia shall be official song "Boze pravde."
Article 8. Territory and border
Article 9. Capital City
Article 10. Language and script
Article 11. Secularity of the State
Article 12. Provincial autonomy and local self-government
Article 13. Protection of citizens and Serbs abroad
Article 14. Protection of national minorities
Article 15. Gender equality
Article 16. International relations
Article 17. Status of foreign nationals
PART 2. HUMAN AND MINORITY RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
Article 18. Direct implementation of guaranteed rights
Article 19. Purpose of constitutional guarantees
Article 20. Restriction of human and minority rights
Article 21. Prohibition of discrimination
Article 22. Protection of human and minority rights and freedoms
Article 23. Dignity and free development of individuals
Article 25. Inviolability of physical and mental integrity
Article 26. Prohibition of slavery, servitude and forced labor
Forced labor is prohibited. Sexual or financial exploitation of person in unfavorable position shall be deemed forced labor.
Labor or service of persons serving sentence of imprisonment if their labor is based on the principle of voluntarily with financial compensation, labor or service of military persons, nor labor or services during war or state of emergency in accordance with measures prescribed on the declaration of war or state of emergency, shall not be considered forced labor.
Article 27. Right to freedom and security
Article 28. Treatment of persons deprived of liberty
Article 29. Special Rights in Case of Arrest and Detention without Decision of the Court
Article 31. Duration of detention
Article 32. Right to a fair trial
Everyone shall have the right to a public hearing before an independent and impartial tribunal established by the law within reasonable time which shall pronounce judgment on their rights and obligations, grounds for suspicion resulting in initiated procedure and accusations brought against them.
Article 33. Special rights of persons charged with criminal offense
Any person prosecuted for criminal offense shall have the right to present evidence in his favor by himself or through his legal counsel, to examine witnesses against him and demand that witnesses on his behalf be examined under the same conditions as the witnesses against him and in his presence.
Any other natural person prosecuted for other offenses punishable by law shall have all the rights of a person charged with criminal offense pursuant to the law and in accordance with it.
Article 34. Legal certainty in criminal law
No person may be held guilty for any act which did not constitute a criminal offense under law or any other regulation based on the law at the time when it was committed, nor shall a penalty be imposed which was not prescribed for this act.
The penalties shall be determined pursuant to a regulation in force at the time when the act was committed, save when subsequent regulation is more lenient for the perpetrator. Criminal offenses and penalties shall be laid down by the law.
Everyone shall be presumed innocent for a criminal offense until convicted by a final judgment of the court.
No person may be prosecuted or sentenced for a criminal offense for which he has been acquitted or convicted by a final judgment, for which the charges have been rejected or criminal proceedings dismissed by final judgment, nor may court ruling be altered to the detriment of a person charged with criminal offense by extraordinary legal remedy. The same prohibitions shall be applicable to all other proceedings conducted for any other act punishable by law.
Article 35. Right to rehabilitation and compensation
Any person deprived of liberty, detained or convicted for a criminal offense without grounds or unlawfully shall have the right to rehabilitation and compensation of damage by the Republic of Serbia, as well as other rights stipulated by the law.
Article 36. Right to equal protection of rights and legal remedy
Article 37. Right to legal person
Article 38. Right to citizenship
Article 39. Freedom of movement
Article 40. Inviolability of home
Entering a person's home or other premises, and in special cases conducting search without witnesses, shall be allowed without a court order if necessary for the purpose of immediate arrest and detention of a perpetrator of a criminal offense or to eliminate direct and grave danger for people or property in a manner stipulated by the law.
Article 41. Confidentiality of letters and other means of communication
Article 42. Protection of personal data
Article 43. Freedom of thought, conscience and religion
Article 44. Churches and religious communities
Article 45. Conscientious objection
Article 46. Freedom of thought and expression
Article 47. Freedom of expressing national affiliation
Article 48. Promotion of respect for diversity
Article 49. Prohibition of inciting racial, ethnic and religious hatred
Article 50. Freedom of the media
Article 51. Right to information
Article 52. Electoral right
Article 53. Right to participate in management of public affairs
Article 54. Freedom of assembly
Article 55. Freedom of association
Article 56. Right to petition
Article 57. Right to asylum
Article 58. Right to property
Article 59. Right to inheritance
Article 60. Right to work
Article 61. Right to strike
Article 62. Right to enter into marriage and equality of spouses
Article 63. Freedom to procreate
Article 64. Rights of the child
Article 65. Rights and duties of parents
Article 66. Special protection of the family, mother, single parent and child
Article 67. Right to legal assistance
Legal assistance shall be provided by legal professionals, as an independent and autonomous service, and legal assistance offices established in the units of local self government in accordance with the law.
Article 68. Health care
Article 69. Social protection
Article 70. Pension insurance
Article 71. Right to education
All citizens shall have access under equal conditions to higher education.
The Republic of Serbia shall provide for free tertiary education to successful and talented students of lower property status in accordance with the law.
Article 72. Autonomy of university
Article 73. Freedom of scientific and artistic creativity
Article 74. Healthy environment
Article 75. Basic Provision
Persons belonging to national minorities shall be guaranteed special individual or collective rights in addition to the rights guaranteed to all citizens by the Constitution.
Individual rights shall be exercised individually and collective rights in community with others, in accordance with the Constitution, law and international treaties.
Article 76. Prohibition of discrimination against national minorities
Specific regulations and provisional measures which the Republic of Serbia may introduce in economic, social, cultural and political life for the purpose of achieving full equality among members of a national minority and citizens who belong to the majority, shall not be considered discrimination if they are aimed at eliminating extremely unfavorable living conditions which particularly affect them.
Article 77. Equality in administering public affairs
Article 78. Prohibition of forced assimilation
Article 79. Right to preservation of specificity
Members of national minorities shall have a right to: expression, preservation, fostering, developing and public expression of national, ethnic, cultural, religious specificity; use of their symbols in public places; use of their language and script; have proceedings also conducted in their languages before state bodies, organizations with delegated public powers, bodies of autonomous provinces and local self-government units, in areas where they make a significant majority of population; education in their languages in public institutions and institutions of autonomous provinces; founding private educational institutions; use of their name and family name in their language; traditional local names, names of streets, settlements and topographic names also written in their languages, in areas where they make a significant majority of population; complete, timely and objective information in their language, including the right to expression, receiving, sending and exchange of information and ideas; establishing their own mass media, in accordance with the Law.
Article 80. Right to association and cooperation with compatriots
Article 81. Developing the spirit of tolerance
PART 3. ECONOMIC SYSTEM AND PUBLIC FINANCES
Article 82. Basic principles
The Republic of Serbia shall represent a unique economic area with a single commodity, labor, capital and services market.
Article 83. Freedom of entrepreneurship
Article 84. Status on the market
Foreign persons shall be equaled on the market with domestic persons.
Article 85. Proprietary rights of foreigners
Article 86. Equality of all types of assets
Article 87. State assets
Natural resources shall be utilized under the terms and in a manner stipulated by the Law.
Assets of autonomous provinces and local self-government units, method of its utilization and management shall be stipulated by the Law.
Article 88. Land
Utilization and management of agricultural land, forest land and municipal building land on private assets shall be permitted.
The Law may restrict the models of utilization and management, that is stipulate terms of utilization and management, in order to eliminate the danger of causing damage to environment or prevent violation of rights and legally based interests of other persons.
Article 89. Protection of heritage
Article 90. Protection of consumers
Article 91. Taxes and other revenues
Article 92. Budget
Realization of all budgets shall be audited by the State Audit Institution.
Article 93. Public debt
Article 94. Balancing development
Article 95. National Bank of Serbia
Article 96. State Audit Institution
PART 4. COMPETENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Article 97. Competences of the Republic of Serbia
The Republic of Serbia shall organize and provide for:
1. sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and security of the Republic of Serbia, its international status and relations with other countries and international organizations;
2. exercise and protection of freedoms and rights of citizens; constitutionality and legality; proceedings before courts and other state bodies; liabilities and sanctions for violation of freedoms and rights of citizens stipulated by the Constitution and for violation of laws, other regulations and general acts; amnesty and pardon for criminal offenses;
3. territorial organization of the Republic of Serbia; system of local self-government;
4. defense and security of the Republic of Serbia and its citizens; measures in case of the state of emergency;
8. system in the area of labor relations, protection at work, employment, social insurance and other forms of social security; other economic and social relations of public interest;
12. development of the Republic of Serbia, policy and measures for spurring balanced development of particular areas of the Republic of Serbia, including the development of underdeveloped areas; organization and utilization of space; scientific and technological development;
16. organization, competences and work of the bodies of the Republic;
PART 5. ORGANIZATION OF GOVERNMENT
Article 98. Status of the National Assembly
Article 99. Competences
9. adopt defense strategy,
12. grant amnesty for criminal offenses.
Article 100. Constitution of the National Assembly
Article 101. Election of deputies and constitution of the National Assembly
Article 102. Status of Deputies
Article 103. Immunity of deputies
Deputy found in the act of committing any criminal offense for which the prison sentence longer than five years is not envisaged, may be detained without previous approval by the National Assembly.
Article 104. President and Vice Presidents of the National Assembly
Article 105. Method of decision making in the National Assembly
1. grant amnesty for criminal offenses,
15. also perform other election competences of the National Assembly.
Article 106. Sessions
Article 107. Right to propose laws
Article 108. Referendum
Article 109. Dissolution of the National Assembly
Article 110. Law on the National Assembly
Article 111. Status of the President of the Republic
Article 112. Competences
Article 113. Promulgation of laws
Article 114. Election
Article 115. Incompatibility of positions
Article 116. Term of office
Article 117. Resignation
Article 118. Dismissal
Article 119. Immunity
Article 120. Replacement of the President of the Republic
Article 121. Law on the President of the Republic
Article 122. Status of the Government
Article 123. Competences
Article 124. Responsibilities of the Government
Article 125. Prime Minister and members of the Government
Article 126. Incompatibility of functions
Article 127. Election of the Government
The candidate for the Prime Minister shall present to the National Assembly the Government's Program and propose its constitution.
The National Assembly shall simultaneously vote on the Government's Program and election of the Prime Minister and members of the Government.
Article 128. Commencement and termination of term of office of the Government and members of the Government
Article 129. Interpellation
Article 130. Vote of no confidence in the Government or the member of the Government
The proposal for the vote of no confidence in the Government or the particular member of the Government shall be discussed by the National Assembly at the next first session, not later than five days after the submission of the proposal.
After the discussion is concluded, they shall vote on the proposal.
The proposal for the vote of no confidence in the Government or the member of the Government shall be accepted by the National Assembly, if more than a half of the total number of deputies votes for it. If the National Assembly passes a vote of no confidence in the Government, the President of the Republic shall be obliged to initiate proceedings for election of the new Government. If the National Assembly fails to elect the new Government within 30 days from the passing of a vote of no confidence, the President of the Republic shall be obliged to dissolve the National Assembly and schedule elections.
Article 131. Vote of confidence in the Government
If the National Assembly fails to pass a vote of confidence in the Government, the term of office of the Government ends and the President of the Republic shall be obliged to initiate proceedings for election of the new Government.
If the National Assembly fails to elect the new Government within 30 days from the day of passing of vote of no confidence, the President of the Republic shall be obliged to dissolve the National Assembly and schedule elections.
Article 132. Resignation of the Prime Minister
Article 133. Resignation and dismissal of the member of the Government
Article 134. Immunity of the President and member of the Government
Article 135. The Law on the Government
Article 136. Status of the Public Administration
Internal organization of ministries and other public administration bodies and organizations shall be regulated by the Government.
Article 137. Delegation of public powers and public services
According to the Law, particular public powers may be delegated to enterprises, institutions, organizations and individuals.
Affairs or duties for which public services are established, their organization and work shall be stipulated by the Law.
The Civic Defender shall be independent state body who shall protect citizens' rights and monitor the work of public administration bodies, body in charge of legal protection of proprietary rights and interests of the Republic of Serbia, as well as other bodies and organizations, companies and institutions to which public powers have been delegated.
The Civic Defender shall not be authorized to monitor the work of the National Assembly, President of the Republic, Government, Constitutional Court, courts and Public Prosecutor's Offices.
Article 139. Competences
Article 140. Use of the Army outside the borders
Article 141. Control over the Army of Serbia
Article 142. Judiciary principles
Article 143. Types of courts
Establishing, organization, jurisdiction, system and structure of courts shall be regulated by the Law.
Article 144. President of the Supreme Court of Cassation
Article 145. Court decisions
A court decision may only be reconsidered by an authorized court in a legal proceedings prescribed by the Law.
Article 146. Permanent tenure of office
Article 147. Election of judges
Article 148. Termination of a judge's tenure of office
Article 149. Independence of judge
Article 150. Non-transferability of judge
Article 151. Immunity
A judge may not be held responsible for his/her expressed opinion or voting in the process of passing a court decision, except in cases when he/she committed a criminal offense by violating the Law.
A judge may not be detained or arrested in the legal proceedings instituted due to a criminal offense committed in performing their judicial function without the approval of the High Judicial Council.
Article 152. Incompatibility of judiciary function
Article 153. Status, constitution and election
The High Judicial Council shall be constituted of the President of the Supreme Court of Cassation, the Minister responsible for justice and the President of the authorized committee of the National Assembly as members ex officio and eight electoral members elected by the National Assembly, in accordance with the Law.
Article 154. Jurisdiction of the High Judicial Council
Article 155. Legal remedy
Article 156. Status and jurisdiction
Public Prosecutor's Office shall be an independent state body which shall prosecute the perpetrators of criminal offenses and other punishable actions, and take measures in order to protect constitutionality and legality.
Article 157. Establishment and organization
Establishment, organization and jurisdiction of Public Prosecutor's Office shall be specified by the Law.
Article 158. The Republic Public Prosecutor
The Republic Public Prosecutor shall be elected by the National Assembly, on the Government proposal and upon obtaining the opinion of the authorized committee of the National Assembly.
The Republic Public Prosecutor shall be elected for the period of six years and may be re elected.
Tenure of office of the Republic Public Prosecutor shall terminate if he/she is not re elected, at his/her own request, upon coming into force of legally prescribed conditions or upon relief of duty for reasons stipulated by the Law.
Article 159. Public Prosecutors and Deputy Public Prosecutors
Tenure of office of the Public Prosecutor shall last six years and he/she may be re elected.
Article 160. Responsibility
Article 161. Termination of Public Prosecutor and Deputy Public Prosecutor's tenure of office
A Public Prosecutor and Deputy Public Prosecutor may lodge an appeal with the Constitutional Court against the decision on termination of their tenure of office.
The lodged appeal shall not include the right to lodge a Constitutional appeal.
Article 162. Immunity
A Public Prosecutor and Deputy Public Prosecutor may not be held responsible for the expressed opinion while performing the function of prosecutors, except in cases when a Public Prosecutor or Deputy Public Prosecutor commits a criminal offense by violating the law.
A Public Prosecutor or a Deputy Public Prosecutor may not be detained or arrested in the legal proceedings instituted due to a criminal offense committed in performing the prosecutor's function or service without the approval of the authorized committee of the National Assembly.
Article 163. Incompatibility of prosecutor's function
Article 164. Status, constitution and election of the State Prosecutors Council
The State Prosecutors Council shall be constituted of the Republic Public Prosecutor, the Minister responsible for justice and the President of the authorized committee of the National Assembly as members ex officio and eight electoral members elected by the National Assembly, in accordance with the Law.
Article 165. Jurisdiction of the State Prosecutors Council
PART 6. THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT
Article 166. Status
Article 167. Jurisdiction
5. compliance of general acts of organizations with delegated public powers, political parties, trade unions, civic associations and collective agreements with the Constitution and the Law.
The Constitutional Court shall decide on the banning of a political party, trade union organization or civic association.
Article 168. Assessment of constitutionality and legality
Article 169. Assessment of constitutionality of the law prior to its coming into force
Article 170. Constitutional appeal
A constitutional appeal may be lodged against individual general acts or actions performed by state bodies or organizations exercising delegated public powers which violate or deny human or minority rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, if other legal remedies for their protection have already been applied or not specified..
Article 171. Ensuring the enforcement of decisions
Article 172. Organization of the Constitutional Court. Election and appointment of the Constitutional Court justices
Article 173. Conflict of interest. Immunity
Article 174. Termination of the tenure of office of the Constitutional Court justice
A justice of the Constitutional Court shall be relieved of duty if he/she violates the prohibition of the conflict of interest, permanently loses the ability to discharge the function of a justice of the Constitutional Court, or is convicted of a penalty of imprisonment or criminal offense which makes him/her ineligible for the post of the Constitutional Court justice.
The National Assembly shall decide on the termination of a justice's tenure of office, on request of movers authorized for election, as well as on appointment for election of a justice of the Constitutional Court. An initiative to institute the proceedings of relieving of duty may be submitted by the Constitutional Court.
Article 175. The manner of deciding in the Constitutional Court. The Law on the Constitutional Court
Organization of the Constitutional Court and the proceedings before the Constitutional Court, as well as the legal effect of its decisions shall be regulated by the Law.
PART 7. TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION
Article 176. Concept
Article 177. Definition the competences
Local self-government units shall be competent in those matters which may be realized, in an effective way, within a local self-government unit, and autonomous provinces in those matters which may be realized, in an effective way, within an autonomous province, which shall not be the competence of the Republic of Serbia.
Article 178. Delegation of competences
Article 179. The right to autonomous organization of bodies
Autonomous provinces, in accordance with the Constitution and the Statute, and local self-government units, in accordance with the Constitution and the Law, shall autonomously regulate the organization and competences of its bodies and public services.
Article 180. The Assembly of an autonomous province and local self-government unit
Article 181. Cooperation of autonomous provinces and local self-government units
Article 182. Concept, establishment and territory of autonomous province
New autonomous provinces may be established, and already established ones may be revoked or merged following the proceedings envisaged for amending the Constitution.
The proposal to establish new, or revoke or merge the existing autonomous provinces shall be established by citizens in a referendum, in accordance with the Law.
Article 183. Competences of autonomous provinces
Autonomous provinces shall, in accordance with the Constitution and their Statutes, regulate the competences, election, organization and work of bodies and services they establish.
2. agriculture, water economy, forestry, hunting, fishery, tourism, catering, spas and health resorts, environmental protection, industry and craftsmanship, road, river and railway transport and road repairs, organizing fairs and other economic events,
Article 184. Financial autonomy of autonomous provinces
The budget of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina shall amount to at least 7% in relation to the budget of the Republic of Serbia, bearing in mind that three-sevenths of the budget of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina shall be used for financing the capital expenditures.
Article 185. Legal acts of autonomous province
Article 186. Monitoring the work of bodies of autonomous province
Article 187. Protection of the provincial autonomy
Article 188. General provisions
Article 189. Status of local self-government units
Article 190. Competence of municipality
The municipality shall autonomously, in accordance with the Law, adopt its budget and annual balance sheet, the urban development plan and municipal development program, establish the symbols of the municipality, as well as their use.
The municipality shall, in accordance with the Law, prescribe offenses related to violation of municipal regulations.
Article 191. Municipal legal acts and bodies
Article 192. Monitoring the work of municipality
Article 193. Protection of local self-government
PART 8. CONSTITUTIONALITY AND LEGALITY
Article 194. Hierarchy of domestic and international general legal acts
Ratified international treaties and generally accepted rules of the international law shall be part of the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. Ratified international treaties may not be in noncompliance with the Constitution.
Article 195. Hierarchy of domestic general legal acts
All by-laws of the Republic of Serbia, general acts of organizations with delegated public powers, political parties, trade unions and civic associations and collective agreements must be in compliance with the Law.
Statutes, decisions and other general acts of autonomous provinces and local self government units must be in compliance with the Law.
Article 196. Publication of laws and other general acts
Article 197. Prohibition of retroactive effect of laws and other general acts
A provision of the Penal Code may have a retroactive effect only if it shall be more favorable for the perpetrator.
Article 198. Legality of administration
Individual acts and actions of state bodies, organizations with delegated public powers, bodies of autonomous provinces and local self-government units must be based on the Law.
Article 199. Language of proceedings
Everyone shall have the right to use his/her language in the proceedings before the court, other state body or organization performing public powers, when his/her right or duty is decided on.
Article 200. State of emergency
Article 201. The state of war
Article 202. Derogation form human and minority rights in the state of emergency and war
PART 9. AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION
Article 203. Proposal to amend the Constitution and adoption of the amendment to the Constitution
Article 204. Prohibition to amend the Constitution
Article 205. Constitutional law
PART 10. FINAL PROVISION