Source: http://www.google.ca/patents/US20080234768
Timestamp: 2017-12-11 15:27:29
Document Index: 394494394

Matched Legal Cases: ['art.\n4', 'art.\n8', 'art.\n9', 'art.\n12', 'art.\n13', 'art.\n15', 'art.\n19', 'art.\n20', 'art.\n23', 'art.\n24', 'art,\n25', 'art.\n29', 'art 102', 'art 102', 'art 102', 'art 102']

Patent US20080234768 - Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ ... - Google Patents
Electrode systems have been developed for use in perfusion systems to measure the electrical activity of an explanted heart and to provide defibrillation energy as necessary. The perfusion systems maintain the heart in a beating state at, or near, normal physiological conditions; circulating oxygenated,...http://www.google.ca/patents/US20080234768?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US20080234768 - Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ perfusion system
Publication number US20080234768 A1
Application number US 11/822,495
Also published as US9457179, US20160374332
Publication number 11822495, 822495, US 2008/0234768 A1, US 2008/234768 A1, US 20080234768 A1, US 20080234768A1, US 2008234768 A1, US 2008234768A1, US-A1-20080234768, US-A1-2008234768, US2008/0234768A1, US2008/234768A1, US20080234768 A1, US20080234768A1, US2008234768 A1, US2008234768A1
Inventors Waleed Hassanein, Ahmed Elbetanony, Richard Bringham, Robert Havener, Vincent Lambert, Burt Ochs
Patent Citations (101), Referenced by (25), Classifications (10), Legal Events (3)
Systems for monitoring and applying electrical currents in an organ perfusion system
US 20080234768 A1
1. An organ care system comprising:
a first electrode connected to the organ care system for receiving signals from an explanted heart;
a second electrode connected to the organ care system for receiving signals from the explanted heart and sending signals thereto; and
a third electrode connected to the organ care system for sending signals to the explanted heart,
wherein at least one of the second and third electrode is maintained in a sterile environment.
2. The organ care system of claim 1, wherein the first electrode is configured to be placed in the bloodstream.
3. The organ care system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the second electrode and third electrode is configured to be placed on the explanted heart.
4. The organ care system of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the second electrode and third electrode is covered with silicone.
5. The organ care system of claim 1, wherein the signals are at least one of ECG signals, defibrillation signals, and pacing signals.
6. The organ care system of claim 1, wherein the sterile environment further comprises a housing.
7. The organ care system of claim 6, wherein the housing further comprises a pad, wherein the pad is configured to receive an explanted heart.
8. The organ care system of claim 7, wherein at least one of the second electrode and the third electrode is held in place against the pad by the weight of the heart.
9. An organ care system comprising:
wherein the first electrode is configured to be placed in the aortic bloodstream of the explanted heart;
wherein the second electrode is configured to be placed on the explanted heart adjacent the right atria; and
wherein the third electrode is configured to be placed epicardially on the explanted heart adjacent the left ventricle.
10. The organ care system of claim 9, wherein at least a portion of the second and third electrode is covered with silicone.
11. The organ care system of claim 9, wherein the system further comprises a pad, wherein the pad is configured to receive the explanted heart.
12. The organ care system of claim 11, wherein at least one of the second electrode and the third electrode is held in place against the pad by the weight of the heart.
13. The organ care system of claim 9, wherein an electrical circuit is completed between the first electrode and the second electrode utilizing as a conductor at least one of a perfusion fluid and the heart.
a first electrode for placement in the aortic bloodstream of an explanted heart,
a third electrode for epicardial placement on the explanted,
wherein at least one of the second electrode and third electrode is comprised of stainless steel, and
wherein at least one of the first electrode, second electrode and third electrode is configured to send and receive signals to the explanted heart.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein at least one of the second and third electrode is held against in place against a pad by the weight of the explanted organ.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the pad is at least partially comprised of silicone, and wherein at least one of the second and third electrode is at least partially held in place by friction.
17. An organ care system comprising:
the chamber further comprising
wherein the pad is comprised of silicone;
an electrode for placement in a conduit containing a perfusion fluid; and
at least one electrode for placement adjacent an explanted organ,
wherein the at least one electrode is at least partially covered by silicone.
18. The organ care system of claim 17, wherein the at least one electrode for epicardial placement is configured to send and receive signals to an explanted heart.
19. The organ care system of claim 18, wherein the at least one electrode for epicardial placement is at least partially held in place against the pad by the weight of the explanted heart.
20. The organ care system of claim 17, wherein the at least one electrode for epicardial placement is at least partially held in place on the pad by friction.
21. An organ care system comprising:
an aortic electrode connected to the organ care system for placement in an aortic bloodpath of an explanted heart,
wherein the aortic electrode is configured to receive ECG signals from the explanted heart;
a right atrial electrode connected to the organ care system for epicardial placement on the explanted heart,
wherein the right atrial electrode is configured to receive ECG signal from the explanted heart, and
wherein the right atrial electrode is configured to send to the explanted heart at least one of defibrillation energy and pacing signals; and
a left ventricle electrode connected to the organ care system for epicardial placement on the explanted heart,
wherein the left ventricle electrode is configured to send to the explanted heart at least one of defibrillation energy and pacing signals.
22. The organ care system of claim 21, wherein the ECG signals received by the aortic electrode and the right atrial electrode are received by a circuit at least partially comprised of the aortic electrode, the right atrial electrode, a perfusion fluid and the explanted heart.
23. An organ care system comprising:
a circuit for receiving ECG signals from an explanted heart,
wherein the circuit comprises a first electrode placed in the aortic bloodpath of the explanted heart, a second electrode placed epicardially, a perfusion fluid and the explanted heart.
24. A method for measuring ECG signals in an organ care system,
receiving signals from a circuit measuring ECG signals produced by an explanted heart,
25. A method for sending and receiving signals in an organ care system,
receiving ECG signals from a first circuit measured from an explanted heart; and
sending at least one of defibrillation signals and pacing signals to a second circuit,
wherein the first circuit comprises a first electrode placed in the aortic bloodpath of the explanted heart, a second electrode placed epicardially, a perfusion fluid and the explanted heart, and
wherein the second circuit comprises the second electrode, a third electrode placed epicardially on the explanted heart and a defibrillation source.
26. An electrode comprising:
wherein the electrode is comprised of stainless steel, and
wherein at least one of the first side and the second side is at least partially covered by silicone, and
wherein the electrode is configured to be resistance welded to a wire, and
wherein the electrode is configured to be placed epicardially.
an electrically conductive pin for placement within a bloodpath of an organ care system;
28. An organ care system comprising:
a right atrial electrode connected to the organ care system for epicardial placement on the explanted heart.
29. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first electrode further comprises silicone.
30. An organ care system comprising:
at least one electrode configured to be placed in the bloodstream;
at least one electrode configured to be placed epicardially,
wherein the at least one electrode configured to be placed in the bloodstream and the at least one electrode configured to be placed epicardially are configured to receive ECG signals from the explanted heart.
FIG. 4 a illustrates an embodiment of an aortic electrode and interconnections for a an interface to a system for monitoring organ electrical activity;
FIG. 4 b illustrates an exploded view of an embodiment of an aortic electrode;
FIG. 5 a illustrates an embodiment of an electrode for epicardial placement;
FIG. 5 b illustrates a first side of an electrode for epicardial placement;
FIG. 5 c illustrates a perspective view of an electrode for epicardial placement;
FIG. 6 a-c illustrate an embodiment of a cable assembly for use with the electrodes of a system for delivering electrical energy to an organ;
With continued reference to FIG. 1, in both flow modes the perfusion fluid 108 flows from the pulmonary artery interface 166 into the oxygenator 114. The oxygenator 114 receives gas from an external or onboard source 172 through a gas regulator 174 and a gas flow chamber 176, which can be a pulse-width modulated solenoid valve that controls gas flow, or any other gas control device that allows for precise control of gas flow rate. A gas pressure gauge 178 provides a visual indication of amount remaining in the gas supply 172. The transducer 132 provides similar information to the controller 150. The controller 150 can regulate automatically the gas flow into the oxygenator 114 in dependence, for example, on the perfusion fluid oxygen content measured at the sensor 140. Subsequent to oxygenation, the oxygenator 114 returns the perfusion fluid 108 to the reservoir 160. In normal flow mode, the pulmonary vein interface 170 returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart 102. Blood leaves the left ventricle and enters the aorta interface 162. In retrograde flow mode, the aortic interface delivers oxygenated blood to the coronary arteries via the aorta.
FIGS. 4 a and 4 b depicts an embodiment of an aortic electrode and various interconnections that may be used to connect to the system.
As best seen in FIG. 4 b, an aortic electrode 12 is comprised of a thermal well 80 comprised of 304 stainless steel and polycarbonate, into which a gold plated pin 82 has been potted using electrically conductive epoxy. In a preferred embodiment, the epoxy must cure for two hours at 65° C. to fully cure. In other embodiments, it is envisioned that the aortic electrode may be comprised of other electrically conductive and biocompatible materials.
Referring to FIG. 4 a, the aortic electrode is connected to a first wire 30. In a preferred embodiment, the first wire 30 and a third wire 34 are twisted together for approximately six inches and are covered in a heat shrink jacket 84.
FIGS. 5 a-c illustrate one embodiment of an electrode 60 for epicardial placement.
Referring to FIGS. 5 b and 5 c, in a preferred embodiment, the electrode 60 is provided with a first side 62 and a second side 64. In one configuration, a portion 66 of the first side of the electrode 60 is exposed such that an electrical connection may be made epicardially with the heart 102 by placing the heart 102 on the first side 62. The second side 64 of the electrode 60 is over-molded with silicone such that it is electrically insulated. In a preferred embodiment, the silicone is General Electric LIM 6050 silicone with 50 Shore A hardness, or other similar silicones from Wacker, Bayer or Dow Corning. 304 stainless steel and silicone are chosen for their biocompatibility as well as resistance to fluids. Further, the materials chosen are also sufficiently resistant to the sterilization process (ETO) and to vacuum. Specifically, other materials (e.g., non-pourous foams) used for electrode pads have experiences bending and deformation during an ETO sterilization process or biocompatibility issues (e.g. silver-silver chloride).
Referring to FIG. 6, a schematic view of the fourth wire 36 and sixth wire 40 is depicted. In an alternative embodiment, the wires are comprised of tinned soft copper wire 90 with PVC insulation or heat shrink tubing 92, illustrated in FIGS. 6 a and 6 b. Heat shrink tubing shown in exaggerated scale. Ring connectors 94 are provide to allow multiple connectors to the cabling. A connector 96 is provided for interconnection with the system 10. In a preferred embodiment, the connector 96 is the defibrillator connector 18. In a preferred embodiment, the cabling is modified for delivering defibrillation energy and/or pacing signals.
Operationally, according to one embodiment, the heart 102 is harvested from a donor and cannulated into the organ chamber assembly 104. The perfusion fluid 108 is prepared for use within system 10 by being loaded into the reservoir 160 via portal 774 and, optionally, being treated with therapeutics via portal 762. The pump 106 pumps the loaded perfusion fluid 108 from a reservoir 160 to the heater assembly 110. The heater assembly 110 heats the perfusion fluid 108 to or near a normal physiological temperature. According to one embodiment, the heater assembly 110 heats the perfusion fluid to between about 32° C. and about 37° C. The heater assembly 110 has an internal flow channel with a cross-sectional flow area that is approximately equal to the inside cross-sectional area of fluid conduits that carry the perfusion fluid 108 into and/or away from the heater assembly 110, so as to minimize disturbance of fluid flow. From the heater assembly 110, the perfusion fluid 108 flows to the flow mode selector valve 112.
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Cooperative Classification A01N1/0294, A61N1/0492, A01N1/0247, A61N1/046, A61N1/0488
European Classification A61N1/04E2L, A61N1/04E1S, A61N1/04E2P