Source: https://ecode360.com/8771899
Timestamp: 2019-07-20 03:50:11
Document Index: 90609428

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44', '§ 44']

Village of Old Field, NY Flood Damage Prevention
Village of Old Field, NY
Ch 7 Alternate Members of Planning and Zoning Boards
Ch 10 Auctioneers
Ch 15 Boats and Waterways
Ch 16 Old Field-Port Jefferson Harbor Complex Waterway
Ch 19 Coastal Erosion Hazard Areas
Ch 23 Environmental Conservation Commission
Ch 26 Environmental Quality Review
Ch 35 Excavations and Dredging
Ch 40 Fire Prevention
Ch 44 Flood Damage Prevention
§ 44-1 Findings.
§ 44-2 Statement of purpose.
§ 44-3 Objectives.
§ 44-4 Title.
§ 44-5 Definitions.
§ 44-6 Applicability.
§ 44-7 Basis for establishing areas of special flood hazard.
§ 44-8 Interpretation; conflict with other provisions.
§ 44-9 Penalties for offenses.
§ 44-10 Warning and disclaimer of liability.
§ 44-11 Designation of local administrator.
§ 44-12 Floodplain development permit.
§ 44-13 Application for a permit.
§ 44-14 Duties and responsibilities of local administrator.
§ 44-15 General construction standards.
§ 44-16 Construction standards for all structures.
§ 44-17 Construction standards for residential structures (except coastal high-hazard areas).
§ 44-18 Construction standards for residential structures (coastal high-hazard areas).
§ 44-19 Construction standards for nonresidential structures (except coastal high-hazard areas).
§ 44-20 Construction standards for nonresidential structures (coastal high-hazard areas).
§ 44-21 Construction standards for manufactured homes and recreational vehicles.
§ 44-22 Appeals board.
§ 44-23 Conditions for variances.
Ch 49 Hawkers, Peddlers and Solicitors
Ch 51 Hazardous Unoccupied Property
Ch 53 Hunting, Shooting and Trapping
Ch 58 Licenses
Ch 60 Littering
Ch 64 Noise
Ch 68 Outdoor Lighting
Ch 70 Parks and Beaches
Ch 75 Peace,and Good Order
Ch 80 Property Maintenance
Ch 84 Public Records, Access to
Ch 89 Refuse Collectors
Ch 91 Residency Requirements
Ch 93 Storage Units, Temporary
Ch 94A Streets and Sidewalks
Ch 99 Swimming Pools
Ch 106 Termination of Assessing Unit
Ch 108 Trees
Ch 116 Woodburning Stoves and Fireplaces
Ch 121 Zoning
Village of Old Field, NY / The Code
Chapter 44 Flood Damage Prevention
[HISTORY: Adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Village of Old Field 6-9-2009 by L.L. No. 1-2009.[1] Amendments noted where applicable.]
Coastal erosion hazard areas — See Ch. 19.
Environmental Conservation Commission — See Ch. 23.
Environmental quality review — See Ch. 26.
Excavations and dredging — See Ch. 35.
Stormwater management — See Ch. 94.
Zoning — See Ch. 121.
Editor's Note: This chapter also repealed former Ch. 44, Flood Damage Prevention, adopted 9-20-1994 by L.L. No. 4-1994, as amended.
The Board of Trustees of the Village of Old Field finds that the potential and/or actual damages from flooding and erosion may be a problem to the residents of the Village of Old Field and that such damages may include: destruction or loss of private and public housing, damage to public facilities, both publicly and privately owned, and injury to and loss of human life. In order to minimize the threat of such damages and to achieve the purposes and objectives hereinafter set forth, this chapter is adopted.
This chapter shall be known as the "Flood Damage Prevention Law" of the Village of Old Field.
The following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
The land in the floodplain within a community subject to a one-percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year. This area may be designated as Zone A, AE, AH, AO, Al-A30, A99, V, VO, VE, or V1-V30. It is also commonly referred to as the "base floodplain" or one-hundred-year floodplain. For purposes of this chapter, the term "special flood hazard area (SFHA)" is synonymous in meaning with the phrase "area of special flood hazard."
An area of special flood hazard extending from offshore to the inland limit of a primary frontal dune along an open coast and any other area subject to high-velocity wave action from storms or seismic sources. The area is designated on a FIRM as Zone V1-V30, VE, VO or V.
A nonbasement building built, in the case of a building in Zones A1-A30, AE, A, A99, AO, AH, B, C, X, or D, to have the top of the elevated floor, or in the case of a building in Zones V1-30, VE, or V, to have the bottom of the lowest horizontal structure member of the elevated floor elevated above the ground level by means of pilings, columns (posts and piers), or shear walls parallel to the flow of the water and adequately anchored so as not to impair the structural integrity of the building during a flood of up to the magnitude of the base flood. In the case of Zones A1-A30, AE, A, A99, AO, AH, B, C, X, or D, "elevated building" also includes a building elevated by means of fill or solid foundation perimeter walls with openings sufficient to facilitate the unimpeded movement of floodwaters. In the case of Zones V1-V30, VE, or V, "elevated building" also includes a building otherwise meeting the definition of "elevated building," even though the lower area is enclosed by means of breakaway walls that meet the federal standards.
Flood or flooding also means the collapse or subsidence of land along the shore of a lake or other body of water as a result of erosion or undermining caused by waves or currents of water exceeding anticipated cyclical levels or suddenly caused by an unusually high water level in a natural body of water, accompanied by a severe storm, or by an unanticipated force of nature, such as a flash flood or an abnormal tidal surge, or by some similarly unusual and unforeseeable event which results in flooding as defined in Subsection (1) above.
Any combination of structural and non-structural additions, changes, or adjustments to structures which reduce or eliminate flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water and sanitary facilities, structures and their contents.
The lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement or cellar). An unfinished or flood-resistant enclosure, usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage in an area other than a basement area is not considered a building's lowest floor, provided that such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable nonelevation design requirements of this chapter.
The channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height as determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in a Flood Insurance Study or by other agencies as provided in § 44-14B of this chapter.
The date of permit issuance for new construction and substantial improvements to existing structures, provided that the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition placement, or other improvement is within 180 days after the date of issuance. The "actual start of construction" means the first placement of permanent construction of a building (including a manufactured home) on a site, such as the pouring of a slab or footings, installation of pilings or construction of columns.
Permanent construction does not include land preparation (such as clearing, excavation, grading, or filling) or the installation of streets or walkways, or excavation for a basement, footings, piers or foundations, or the erection of temporary forms, or the installation of accessory buildings such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main building. For a substantial improvement, the actual "start of construction" means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building.
A walled and roofed building, including a gas- or liquid-storage tank, that is principally above ground, as well as a manufactured home.
This chapter shall apply to all areas of special flood hazard within the jurisdiction of the Village of Old Field, Suffolk County.
The areas of special flood hazard for the Village of Old Field, Community Number 361545, are identified and defined on the following documents prepared by the Federal Emergency Management Agency:
Flood Insurance Rate Map Numbers 36103C0357H, 36103C0358H, 36103C0359H, 36103C0376H, 36103C0378H, 36103C0379H, whose effective date is September 25, 2009, and any subsequent revisions to these map panels that do not affect areas under our community's jurisdiction.
A scientific and engineering report entitled "Flood Insurance Study, Suffolk County, New York, All Jurisdictions," dated September 25, 2009.
The above documents are hereby adopted and declared to be a part of this chapter. The Flood Insurance Study and/or maps are on file at Village Hall, 207 Old Field Road, Village of Old Field, Suffolk County, East Setauket, New York 11733.
No structure in an area of special flood hazard shall hereafter be constructed, located, extended, converted, or altered and no land shall be excavated or filled without full compliance with the terms of this chapter and any other applicable regulations. Any infraction of the provisions of this chapter by failure to comply with any of its requirements, including infractions of conditions and safeguards established in connection with conditions of the permit, shall constitute a violation. Any person who violates this chapter or fails to comply with any of its requirements shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined no more than $250 or imprisoned for not more than 15 days, or both. Each day of noncompliance shall be considered a separate offense. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the Village of Old Field from taking such other lawful action as necessary to prevent or remedy an infraction. Any structure found not compliant with the requirements of this chapter for which the developer and/or owner has not applied for and received an approved variance under §§ 44-22 and 44-23 will be declared noncompliant, and notification will be sent to the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
The degree of flood protection required by this chapter is considered reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on scientific and engineering considerations. Larger floods can and will occur on rare occasions. Flood heights may be increased by man-made or natural causes. This chapter does not imply that land outside the area of special flood hazard or uses permitted within such areas will be free from flooding or flood damages. This chapter shall not create liability on the part of the Village of Old Field, any officer or employee thereof, or the Federal Emergency Management Agency for any flood damages that result from reliance on this chapter or any administrative decision lawfully made thereunder.
The Village Clerk is hereby appointed local administrator by the Board of Trustees to administer and implement this chapter by granting, denying, approving or disapproving floodplain development permits in accordance with its provisions and the provisions of other applicable chapters, following the review and approval of the Village Building Inspector and/or Village Engineer to ensure compliance with this chapter.
The Village Clerk.
The Village Clerk shall receive all applications under this chapter, together with all supporting documents required.
The Village Clerk shall maintain on file all maintenance and construction records and all records of appeal actions.
The Village Clerk shall maintain all certificates of compliance issued by the Building Inspector, by the applicant's engineer and/or architect, by the Village Engineer or by any other authorized inspector.
Upon completion of the project and final certification that the project is in complete compliance with all of the requirements of this chapter, the Village Clerk will issue a certificate of compliance, together with a certificate of occupancy, for the use of the structure. The applicant will provide all other additional documents required by the Village for a certificate of occupancy, including the required fee.
The Building Inspector or such other agent or agencies that the Board may designate:
Shall review all applications under this chapter to be sure that there is full compliance with the technical aspects of the chapter.
Shall make periodic inspections at appropriate times during construction to monitor compliance with permit conditions.
From time to time shall certify that the construction and development to date are in compliance with the requirements of this chapter, as required herein.
Purpose. A floodplain development permit is hereby established for all construction and other development to be undertaken in areas of special flood hazard in this community for the purpose of protecting its citizens from increased flood hazards and ensuring that new development is constructed in a manner that minimizes its exposure to flooding. It shall be unlawful to undertake any development in an area of special flood hazard, as shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Map enumerated in § 44-7, without a valid floodplain development permit. Application for a permit shall be made on forms furnished by the local administrator and may include but not be limited to: plans, in duplicate, drawn to scale, and showing the nature, location, dimensions, and elevations of the area in question, existing or proposed structures, fill, storage of materials, drainage facilities, and the location of the foregoing.
Fees. All applications for a floodplain development permit shall be accompanied by an application fee of $500. In addition, the applicant shall be responsible for reimbursing the Village of Old Field for any additional costs necessary for review, inspection and approval of more than $500 to cover these additional costs. The local administrator may require a deposit not to exceed $500 to cover these additional costs.
The applicant shall provide the following information as appropriate. Additional information may be required on the permit application form.
The proposed elevation, in relation to mean sea level, of the bottom of the lowest structural member of the lowest floor (excluding pilings and columns) of any new or substantially improved structure to be located in Zone V1-V30 or VE, or Zone V if base flood elevation data are available. Upon completion of the lowest floor, the permittee shall submit to the local administrator the as-built elevation, certified by a licensed professional engineer or surveyor.
The proposed elevation, in relation to mean sea level, to which any new or substantially improved nonresidential structure will be floodproofed. Upon completion of the floodproofed portion of the structure, the permittee shall submit to the local administrator the as-built flood-proofed elevation, certified by a professional engineer or surveyor.
A certificate from a licensed professional engineer or architect that any utility floodproofing will meet the criteria in § 44-16C, Utilities.
A certificate from a licensed professional engineer or architect that any nonresidential floodproofed structure will meet the floodproofing criteria in § 44-19, Construction standards for nonresidential structures.
A description of the extent to which any watercourse will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development. Computations by a licensed professional engineer must be submitted that demonstrate that the altered or relocated segment will provide equal or greater conveyance than the original stream segment. The applicant must submit any maps, computations or other material required by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to revise the documents enumerated in § 44-7, when notified by the local administrator and must pay any fees or other costs assessed by FEMA for this purpose. The applicant must also provide assurances that the conveyance capacity of the altered or relocated stream segment will be maintained.
In Zones V1-V30 and VE, and also Zone V if base flood elevation are available, for all new and substantial improvements to structures, floodplain development permit applications shall be accompanied by design plans and specifications, prepared in sufficient detail to enable independent review of the foundation support and connection components. Said plans and specifications shall be developed or reviewed by a licensed professional engineer or architect and shall be accompanied by a statement, bearing the signature of the architect or engineer, certifying that the design and methods of construction to be used are in accordance with accepted standards of practice and with all applicable provisions of this chapter.
Review all applications for completeness, particularly with the requirements of § 44-13, Application for a permit, and for compliance with the provisions and standards of this chapter.
Review subdivision and other proposed new development, including manufactured home parks, to determine whether proposed building sites will be reasonably safe from flooding. If a proposed building site is located in an area of special flood hazard, all new construction and substantial improvements shall meet the applicable standards of §§ 44-15 through 44-21, Construction standards, and, in particular, § 44-15B Subdivision proposals.
Determine whether any proposed development in an area of special flood hazard may result in physical damage to any other property (e.g., stream bank erosion and increased flood velocities). The local administrator may require the applicant to submit additional technical analyses and data necessary to complete the determination. If the proposed development may result in physical damage to any other property or fails to meet the requirements of §§ 44-15 through 44-21, Construction standards, no permit shall be issued. The applicant may revise the application to include measures that mitigate or eliminate the adverse effects and resubmit the application.
When the Federal Emergency Management Agency has designated areas of special flood hazard on the community's Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) but has neither produced water surface elevation data (these areas are designated Zone A or V on the FIRM) nor identified a floodway, the local administrator shall obtain, review and reasonably utilize any base flood elevation and floodway data available from a federal, state or other source, including data developed pursuant to Subsection G of this section, as criteria for requiring that new construction, substantial improvements or other proposed development meet the requirements of this chapter.
In Zones A1-A30 and AE, and also Zone A if base flood elevation data are available, upon placement of the lowest floor of a new or substantially improved structure, the permit holder shall submit to the local administrator a certificate of elevation, in relation to mean sea level, of the bottom of the lowest structural member of the lowest floor. The certificate shall be prepared by or under the direct supervision of a licensed land surveyor or professional engineer and certified by same. For manufactured homes, the permit holder shall submit the certificate of elevation upon placement of the structure on the site. An elevation certificate must also be submitted for a recreational vehicle if it remains on a site 180 consecutive days or longer (unless it is fully licensed and ready for highway use).
In Zones VI-V30 and VE, and also Zone V if base flood elevation data are available, upon placement of the lowest floor of a new or substantially improved structure, the permit holder shall submit to the local administrator a certificate of elevation, in relation to mean sea level, of the bottom of the lowest structural member of the lowest floor (excluding pilings and columns). The certificate shall be prepared by or under the direct supervision of a licensed land surveyor or professional engineer and certified by same. For manufactured homes, the permit holder shall submit the certificate of elevation upon placement of the structure on the site. An elevation certificate must also be submitted for a recreational vehicle if it remains on a site 180 consecutive days or longer (unless it is fully licensed and ready for highway use).
The local administrator shall issue, or cause to be issued, a stop-work order for any floodplain development found ongoing without a development permit. Disregard of a stop-work order shall subject the violator to the penalties described in § 44-9 of this chapter.
The local administrator shall issue, or cause to be issued, a stop-work order for any floodplain development found noncompliant with the provisions of this chapter and/or the conditions of the development permit. Disregard of a stop-work order shall subject the violator to the penalties described in § 44-9 of this chapter.
In areas of special flood hazard, as determined by documents enumerated in § 44-7, it shall be unlawful to occupy or to permit the use or occupancy of any building or premises, or both, or part thereof hereafter created, erected, changed, converted or wholly or partly altered or enlarged in its use or structure, until a certificate of compliance has been issued by the local administrator stating that the building or land conforms to the requirements of this chapter.
Issuance of the certificate shall be based upon the inspections conducted as prescribed in Subsection F, Inspections, and/or any certified elevations, hydraulic data, floodproofing, anchoring requirements or encroachment analyses which may have been required as a condition of the approved permit.
Information to be retained. The local administrator shall retain and make available for inspection, copies of the following:
Certifications of as-built lowest floor elevations of structures, required pursuant to Subsection D(1) and (2) of this section, and whether or not the structures contain a basement;
Floodproofing certificates required pursuant to Subsection D(1), and whether or not the structures contain a basement;
Variances issued pursuant to §§ 44-22 and 44-23, Variance procedures; and
Notices required under Subsection C of this section, Alteration of watercourses.
The following standards apply to new development, including new and substantially improved structures, in the areas of special flood hazard shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Map designated in § 44-7.
Coastal high-hazard areas. The following requirements apply within Zones V1-V30, VE and V:
Public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems, shall be located and constructed so as to minimize flood damage; and
The Village of Old Field agrees to apply to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for a conditional FIRM revision, FEMA approval is received and the applicant provides all necessary data, analyses and mapping and reimburses the Village of Old Field for all fees and other costs in relation to the application. The applicant must also provide all data, analyses and mapping and reimburse the Village of Old Field for all costs related to the final map revision.
On streams with a regulatory floodway, as shown on the Flood Boundary and Floodway Map or the Flood Insurance Rate Map adopted in § 44-7, no new construction, substantial improvements or other development in the floodway (including fill) shall be permitted unless:
The Village of Old Field agrees to apply to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for a conditional FIRM and floodway revision, FEMA approval is received and the applicant provides all necessary data, analyses and mapping and reimburses the Village of Old Field for all fees and other costs in relation to the application. The applicant must also provide all data, analyses and mapping and reimburse the Village of Old Field for all costs related to the final map revisions.
For enclosed areas below the lowest floor of a structure within Zones Al, A30, AE or AH, and also Zone A if base flood elevation data are available, new and substantially improved structures shall have fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are useable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement and which are subject to flooding, designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for meeting this requirement must either be certified by a licensed professional engineer or architect or meet or exceed the following minimum criteria:
A minimum of two openings having a total net area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding; shall be provided; and
Within Zones V1-V30 and VE, and also within Zone V if base flood elevation are available, new construction and substantial improvements shall have the space below the lowest floor either free from obstruction or constructed with nonsupporting breakaway walls, open wood lattice-work or insect screening intended to collapse under wind and water loads without causing collapse, displacement, or other structural damage to the elevated portion of the building or supporting foundation system. The enclosed space below the lowest floor shall be used only for parking vehicles, building access or storage. Use of this space for human habitation is expressly prohibited. The construction of stairs, stairwells and elevator shafts is subject to the design requirements for breakaway walls.
New and replacement electrical equipment, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, plumbing connections, and other service equipment shall be located at or above the base flood elevation or be designed to prevent water from entering and accumulating within the components during a flood and to resist hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses. Electrical wiring and outlets, switches, junction boxes and panels shall be elevated to or above the base flood elevation unless they conform to the appropriate provisions of the electrical part of the Building Code of New York State or the Residential Code of New York State for location of such items in wet locations.
Elevation. The following standards apply to new and substantially improved residential structures located in areas of special flood hazard, in addition to the requirements in § 44-15B, Subdivision proposals, and § 44-15C, Encroachments, and § 44-16, Construction standards for all structures.
Within Zone AO, new and substantially improved structures shall have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated above the highest adjacent grade at least as high as two feet above the depth number specified in feet on the community's Flood Insurance Rate Map enumerated in § 44-7 (at least two feet if no depth number is specified).
The following standards, in addition to the standards in § 44-15A, Coastal high-hazard areas, and § 44-15B, Subdivision proposals, and § 44-16, Construction standards for all structures, apply to new and substantially improved residential structures located in areas of special flood hazard shown as Zones V1-V30, VE or V on the community's Flood Insurance Rate Map designated in § 44-7:
Pilings shall have adequate soil penetration (bearing capacity) to resist the combined wave and wind loads (lateral and uplift) associated with the base flood acting simultaneously with typical structure (live and dead) loads and shall include consideration of decreased resistance capacity caused by erosion of soil strata surrounding the piles. The minimum penetration for foundation piles is to an elevation of five feet below mean sea level (msl) datum if the BFE is + 10 msl or less, or to be at least 10 feet below msl if the BFE is greater than + 10 msl.
Diagonal bracing between piles, consisting of two-inch by eight-inch (minimum) members bolted to the piles, shall be limited in location to below the lowest supporting structural member and above the stable soil elevation and aligned in the vertical plane along pile rows perpendicular to the shoreline. Galvanized steel rods (minimum diameter 1/2 inch) or cable-type bracing is permitted in any plane.
Knee braces, which stiffen both the upper portion of a pile and the beam-to-pile connection, may be used along pile rows perpendicular and parallel to the shoreline. Knee braces shall be 2 x 8 lumber bolted to the sides of the pile/beam, or 4 x 4 or larger braces framed into the pile/beam. Bolting shall consist of two five-eighths-inch galvanized steel bolts (each end) for 2 x 8 members, or one five-eighths-inch lag bolt (each end) for square members. Knee braces shall not extend more than three feet below the elevation of the base flood.
Column foundation design.
Masonry piers or poured-in-place concrete piers shall be internally reinforced to resist vertical and lateral loads and be connected with a moment-resisting connection to a pile cap or pile shaft.
Connectors and fasteners.
Galvanized metal connectors, wood connectors, or bolts of size and number adequate for the calculated loads must be used to connect adjoining components of a structure. Toe nailing as a principal method of connection is not permitted. All metal connectors and fasteners used in exposed locations shall be steel, hot-dipped galvanized after fabrication. Connectors in protected interior locations shall be fabricated from galvanized sheet.
Beam to pile connections.
The primary floor beams or girders shall span the supports in the direction parallel to the flow of potential floodwater and wave action and shall be fastened to the columns or pilings by bolting, with or without cover plates. Concrete members shall be connected by reinforcement, if cast in place, or (if precast) shall be securely connected by bolting and welding. If sills, beams, or girders are attached to wood piling at a notch, a minimum of two five-eighths-inch galvanized steel bolts or two hot-dipped galvanized straps 3/16 inch by four inches by 18 inches each bolted with two one-half-inch lag bolts per beam member shall be used. Notching of pile tops shall be the minimum sufficient to provide ledge support for beam members without unduly weakening pile connections. Piling shall not be notched so that the cross section is reduced below 50%.
Wood 2 x 4 inch (minimum) connectors or metal joist anchors shall be used to tie floor joists to floor beams/girders. These should be installed on alternate floor joists, at a minimum. Cross bridging of all floor joists shall be provided. Such cross bridging may be 1 x 3 inch members, placed eight feet on center maximum, or solid bridging of the same depth as the joist at the same spacing.
Plywood should be used for subflooring and attic flooring to provide good torsional resistance in the horizontal plane of the structure. The plywood should not be less than 3/4 inch total thickness and should be exterior grade and fastened to beams or joists with 8d annular or spiral thread galvanized nails. Such fastening shall be supplemented by the application of waterproof industrial adhesive applied to all bearing surfaces.
Exterior wall connections.
All bottom plates shall have any required breaks under a wall stud or an anchor bolt. Approved anchors will be used to secure rafters or joists and top and bottom plates to studs in exterior and bearing walls to form a continuous tie. Continuous 15/32 inch or thicker plywood sheathing--overlapping the top wall plate and continuing down to the sill, beam, or girder--may be used to provide the continuous tie. If the sheets of plywood are not vertically continuous, then 2 x 4 nailer blocking shall be provided at all horizontal joints. In lieu of the plywood, galvanized steel rods of 1/2 inch diameter or galvanized steel straps not less than one inch wide by 1/16 inch thick may be used to connect from the top wall plate to the sill, beam, or girder. Washers with a minimum diameter of three inches shall be used at each end of the 1/2-inch round rods. These anchors shall be installed no more than two feet from each corner rod, no more than four feet on center.
Gable roofs shall be additionally stabilized by installing 2 x 4 blocking on two-foot centers between the rafters at each gable end. Blocking shall be installed a minimum of eight feet toward the house interior from each gable end.
Projecting members.
All cantilevers and other projecting members must be adequately supported and braced to withstand wind and water uplift forces. Roof eave overhangs shall be limited to a maximum of two feet and joist overhangs to a maximum of one foot. Larger overhangs and porches will be permitted if designed or reviewed and certified by a registered professional engineer or architect.
Protection of openings.
All exterior glass panels, windows, and doors shall be designed, detailed, and constructed to withstand loads due to the design wind speed of 75 miles per hour. Connections for these elements must be designed to transfer safely the design loads to the supporting structure. Panel widths of multiple-panel sliding glass doors shall not exceed three feet.
Use of breakaway wall strengths in excess of 20 pounds per square foot shall not be permitted unless a registered professional engineer or architect has developed or reviewed the structural design and specifications for the building foundation and breakaway wall components, and certifies that (a) the breakaway walls will fail under water loads less than those that would occur during the base flood; and (b) the elevated portion of the building and supporting foundation system will not be subject to collapse, displacement, or other structural damage due to the effects of wind and water loads acting simultaneously on all building components (structural and nonstructural). Water loading values used shall be those associated with the base flood. Wind loading values shall be those required by the building code.
The following standards apply to new and substantially improved commercial, industrial and other nonresidential structures located in areas of special flood hazard, in addition to the requirements in § 44-15B, Subdivision proposals, and § 44-15C, Encroachments, and § 44-16, Construction standards for all structures.
Together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, be completely floodproofed to that level to meet the floodproofing standard specified in § 44-16C.
If the structure is to be floodproofed, a licensed professional engineer or architect shall develop and/or review structural design, specifications, and plans for construction. A floodproofing certificate or other certification shall be provided to the local administrator that certifies the design and methods of construction are in accordance with accepted standards of practice for meeting the provisions of § 44-19A(2), including the specific elevation (in relation to mean sea level) to which the structure is to be floodproofed.
In Zones V1-V30, VE and also Zone V if base flood elevations are available, new construction and substantial improvements of any nonresidential structure, together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, shall have the bottom of the lowest member of the lowest floor elevated to or above two feet above the base flood elevation. Floodproofing of structures is not an allowable alternative to elevating the lowest floor to two feet above the base flood elevation in Zones V1-V30, VE and V.
The following standards in addition to the standards in § 44-15, General construction standards, and § 44-16, Construction standards for all structures, apply, as indicated, in areas of special flood hazard to manufactured homes and to recreational vehicles which are located in areas of special flood hazard:
Recreational vehicles placed on sites within Zones A1-MO, AE, AH, V1-V30, V, and VE shall either:
Meet the requirements for manufactured homes in Subsections C, D and E of this section.
Within Zone A or V, when no base flood elevation data are available, new and substantially improved manufactured homes shall be elevated such that the manufactured home chassis is supported by reinforced piers or other foundation elements of at least equivalent strength that are no less than 36 inches in height above grade and are securely anchored to an adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse or lateral movement. Elevation on piers consisting of dry-stacked blocks is prohibited.
Within Zone AO, the floor shall be elevated above the highest adjacent grade at least as high as the depth number specified on the Flood Insurance Rate Map enumerated in § 44-7 (at least two feet if no depth number is specified). Elevation on piers consisting of dry-stacked blocks is prohibited.
The Board of Zoning Appeals as established by the Village of Old Field shall hear and decide appeals and requests for variances from the requirements of this chapter.
The Board of Zoning Appeals shall hear and decide appeals when it is alleged there is an error in any requirement, decision, or determination made by the local administrator in the enforcement or administration of this chapter.
Those aggrieved by the decision of the Board of Zoning Appeals may appeal such decision to the Supreme Court pursuant to Article 78 of the Civil Practice Law and Rules.
In passing upon such applications, the Board of Zoning Appeals shall consider all technical evaluations, all relevant factors, standards specified in other sections of this chapter, and:
The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood conditions, including search and rescue operations, and maintenance and repair of public utilities and facilities, such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems and streets and bridges.
Upon consideration of the factors of Subsection D and the purposes of this chapter, the Board of Zoning Appeals may attach such conditions to the granting of variances as it deems necessary to further the purposes of this chapter.
Generally, variances may be issued for new construction and substantial improvements to be erected on a lot of 1/2 acre or less in size contiguous to and surrounded by lots with existing structures constructed below the base flood elevation, provided that the items in § 44-22D(1) through (12) have been fully considered. As the lot size increases beyond the 1/2 acre, the technical justification required for issuing the variance increases.
Any applicant to whom a variance is granted for a building with the lowest floor below the base flood elevation shall be given written notice over the signature of a community official that the cost of flood insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the lowest floor elevation.