Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/FR2815247A1/en
Timestamp: 2020-07-06 09:36:41
Document Index: 491522595

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 300', 'art 114', 'art 121', 'art 301', 'art 301', 'art 301', 'art 301', 'art 301', 'art 301', 'art 200', 'art 301', 'art 301', 'arts 200', 'art 112', 'art 301']

FR2815247A1 - Cornea surgery device for eye surgery has drive unit having two independent motors surmounting cutter head such that motors have parallel shafts perpendicular to trajectory plane of cutter head - Google Patents
Cornea surgery device for eye surgery has drive unit having two independent motors surmounting cutter head such that motors have parallel shafts perpendicular to trajectory plane of cutter head Download PDF
FR2815247A1
FR2815247A1 FR0013067A FR0013067A FR2815247A1 FR 2815247 A1 FR2815247 A1 FR 2815247A1 FR 0013067 A FR0013067 A FR 0013067A FR 0013067 A FR0013067 A FR 0013067A FR 2815247 A1 FR2815247 A1 FR 2815247A1
FR0013067A
FR2815247B1 (en
Jean Luc Aufaure
2000-10-12 Application filed by Moria SA filed Critical Moria SA
2000-10-12 Priority to FR0013067A priority Critical patent/FR2815247B1/en
2002-04-19 Publication of FR2815247A1 publication Critical patent/FR2815247A1/en
2002-12-20 Publication of FR2815247B1 publication Critical patent/FR2815247B1/en
238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
210000003128 Head Anatomy 0.000 title description 50
A cutter head (200) moves along a plane trajectory parallel to a base (100) to be fixed to the eye of a patient. A guide leads the cutter head. A drive unit (300) drives a cutter head blade to reciprocate parallel to a cutting edge. The drive unit has two independent motors (302,303) surmounting the cutter head with the parallel shafts (304,305) perpendicular to the trajectory plane of the cutter head.
The present invention relates to a corneal surgery device,
in particular a keratoma capable of carrying out a lamellar cutting of the cornea, total or
partial (that is to say to form a corneal flap).
There are many devices capable of performing this corneal operation (resection). The technique of lamellar resection was born more than fifty years ago and the devices have not stopped evolving since that date. This development focused mainly on two points: the means of cutting the corneal disc and the means of advancing the means
cutting of the cornea.
Today there are two main types of cutting means: blades with circular motion (such as the microkeratome of Professor DRAEGER) and blades with reciprocating rectilinear motion, with among these those which are placed in the cutting plane (WO 95/31143) and those, the most used, which are inclined relative to this plane like a blade
varlope (US 4,462,370 for example).
The source of the movement of the blade is identical, namely a motor or a turbine whose rotating output shaft is connected to the blade, either without modification of movement, the blade then being rotary, or with transformation of the continuous circular movement of the motor in a reciprocating linear movement by the play of a pin secured to the shaft and a groove secured to the blade which is then oscillating in one direction
perpendicular to the direction of its linear movement.
As regards the means for moving the cutting blade through the cornea to be resected, these have in common a ring for fixing a base of the apparatus to the eye which carries guide means cooperating with a blade head inside which the movement of the blade is maintained. These guide means are of two types, either slides
(generally straight) in which the head
blade is slidably mounted (see document US 4,662,370), ie a pivot around which the blade holder head is mounted so as to rotate (see document US 5,586,980). The movement of the blade head along these
fixed guide means is provided by the surgeon himself
even by hand. It is limited by a stop in the case where the corneal cut wants to be limited to the formation of a flap still connected to the cornea. Recently, it has been proposed to motorize this movement by making the rotating means cooperate on themselves and carried by the blade holder head with fixed means carried by the fixing ring so that the rotating means can roll without sliding on the fixed means. (see in this regard the documents US Re 35 421, US 5 624 456, US 5 980 543). Current devices with motorized advance are, for the surgeon, devices which are complicated to implement. It is indeed not simple to adjust the beginning and the end of the cutting path of the head, and there is no possibility of acting on a speed of movement of the blade head because there is no that only one motor to drive both the blade in its reciprocating movement and the sprockets in advance of the keratome with respect to the ring with a reducer which fixes the frequency of oscillation of the blade and the speed of advance in a ratio determined by construction. Finally, these keratomes cannot be used by surgeons who prefer to order
manually advance the keratome through the ring.
The present invention is intended to remedy these drawbacks with a microkeratome which is easy to use and which offers the advantage of meeting all
the needs expressed by surgeons.
To this end, the invention therefore relates to a corneal surgery device comprising: - an annular base for fixing the device to the eye of a patient, - a cutting head comprising a body and a blade and capable of to be moved along a flat path parallel to the annular base, - means for guiding the cutting head relative to the base, - means for driving the blade in the cutting head in a parallel reciprocating linear movement to its cutting line, - means for driving the cutting head relative to the annular base along the path
According to the invention, said drive means comprise two independent motor assemblies surmounting the cutting head, and whose shafts are parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the path
of the cutting head.
The independence of these drive means provides many advantages. It is thus easy, by means of simple electronics, to control the operation of each of the means to fixed or variable parameters determined and to conditions achieving a relationship.
Thus, it is possible for the surgeon to adjust the speed of advance of the cutting head along its trajectory thus allowing him to adjust this speed to his practice. The control electronics can provide a variable speed of advance of the cutting head depending for example on the variation of the cornea surface in contact with the blade. We can also expect the oscillation to be cut during the return stroke
It is also possible to provide safety devices on the drive of the head advance, namely neutralization of the advance if the oscillation stops or presents a failure, impossibility of starting in the event of system failure.
ring base suction ...
The double drive according to the invention makes it possible to fix with precision and without possible error for the surgeon, the starting point of the trajectory so that, at this point, the blade is always out of contact with the cornea and this whatever either the diameter of the
corneal hood that one wishes to obtain.
Finally, note that the independence of the drive means makes it possible to eliminate all the mechanical means of gears, wheel and worm which are necessary, and housed in the head to derive from the oscillation shaft a clean transmission. to ensure the advance of the cutting head. However, this derivative transmission can only be carried out by means of metal parts which alone make it possible to obtain the manufacturing precision required for this small-scale material belonging to micromechanics. This transmission then creates electrical continuity between the microkeratome's motor and the fixing ring or base which does not protect the patient from
electrical failure of equipment during operation.
The invention, having eliminated this derivative transmission, can implement at the output of the drive motor of the head advance a shaft of dielectric material (plastic material) which forms an insulating barrier between the electrical supply of the motor and the fixing ring (base) in contact with the patient's eye. Other features and benefits of
the invention will emerge from the description of the examples
of implementation given below without limitation.
Reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional representation of a microkeratome according to the invention, - Figure 2 is an external view of the end of the casing common to the two motors by which this housing is coupled to the cutting head, - Figure 3 is an external view of an embodiment of the body of the cutting head capable of being adapted to the end of the housing according to Figure 2, - Figure 3A illustrates a side view of a cutting head according to FIG. 3 equipped with a cutting blade, - FIGS. 3B and 3C are partial top views of a blade usable in a microkeratome according to the invention, - FIG. 4 is an external view of an alternative embodiment of the body according to FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a partial external view of the casing and of the cutting head assembled with a locking device for this assembly on the annular base (not represented e) of fixing the device to the patient's eye, - Figure 6 and Figure 7 illustrate by two bottom views of Figure 5, the inactive and active states of the locking device, - Figure 8 is a simplified top view of the device according to the invention illustrating two extreme points of the trajectory of the cutting head relative to the annular base of the device, - Figure 9 illustrates the cutting head coupled to its drive means, with a member for adjusting the end point of the cutting path, - Figure 10 is an external view of the annular base for fixing the device, with means for adjusting the end point of the path of the cutting head, - and Figure 11 is a bottom perspective view of the device according to the invention in which the annular base is an alternative embodiment to that shown in FIG. 10, and the cutting head coupled to its drive means is that
The corneal surgery device shown in the drawings essentially has three parts. The first part marked 100 in the figures forms an annular base for fixing the device to the eye of a patient. The second part marked 200 in the figures, constitutes a cutting head for, by means of a blade 201
it includes, cut a disc or a corneal flap.
The third part 300 of the apparatus according to the invention consists of the drive means on the one hand of the cutting head 200 and on the other hand of the cutting blade.
cut 201 inside the cutting head.
The annular base 100, shown in particular in Figures 1, 8, 10 and 11 comprises a ring 101 formed by an annular crown 102 fitted with a peripheral skirt 103. In known manner, the internal periphery of the annular crown 102 and the lower edge of the skirt 103 come into tight contact with the patient's eye and delimit with the latter an inner annular chamber which is connected to a suction source by an orifice 104 and a tube placed inside a handle 105. So the cornea to operate
it projects inside the ring 101.
This ring has, in one piece with it, a pivot 106 which is perpendicular to the plane of the annular crown 102. The upper end of this pivot 106 is provided with reliefs which are here produced 7 in the form of a mortise 107. In FIGS. 1, 10 and 11, this upper end has, under the mortise 107, a groove 108. In FIG. 8, the pivot shown has in the upper part a lateral surface of which a first zone 109 is of diameter less than one second zone 110, the zone 110 being in turn equipped with a groove 111, the bottom of which is the diameter of the zone 109. The pivot 106 is located in a zone of the ring 101 substantially diametrically opposite the handle 105. The handle 105 is connected to the ring 101 by a base piece 112 which offers a substantially radial abutment surface 113. In the case of FIG. 10, the handle 105 comprises a sliding part 114 equipped with a set of shims 115 formed by a star part whose branches are of different thicknesses. The piece 114 is applied to the piece 112 by means of a spring 116. It is understood that, when the piece 114 is raised against the spring 116 along the handle 105, the branches of the star piece are released 115 of the stop 113, thus making it possible to choose the branch of appropriate thickness to come into abutment against the surface 113. Each of the branches then offers a surface 115a in front of the surface 113 and distant from the latter by a value equal to the thickness of the branch. It will be noted that the part is mounted for rotation about an axis 117 carried by
Exhibit 114.
In the case of FIG. 11 and of FIG. 1, the handle 105 has an outer sleeve 118, equipped at its base with several, for example three, protrusions 119, 120. This sleeve can be angularly indexed around the handle 105 so that one of the protrusions 119, 120 has an abutment surface 119a or 120a similar to the abutment surface 113 or that of 115a in FIG. 10. The protrusions 119 and 120 are of different circumferential dimensions so that the surfaces 119a and 120a form stops which are more or less angularly close to the pivot 106 depending on the dimension of the protuberance. The indexing of this sleeve 118 around the handle 105 can be effected by means of a grooved part 121 of this handle capped by a grooved part corresponding to the sleeve 118, a nut 122 screwing onto the handle 105 making it possible to apply the sleeve 118 on the installation part of the handle 112, in engagement with the grooves 121 or, when it is unscrewed, to slide this sleeve 118 to change the protuberance which must be in service. It is not departing from the invention to provide, as in FIG. 10, a spring at the head
of the sleeve 118 in place of the nut 122.
The cutting head 200 visible in Figures 1, 3, 3A, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 11, is of a general geometry already described in the prior art. This cutting head has a one-piece body 200a having an upper surface 203. A lower surface is that which will be
turned towards the fixing ring 101 to slide there.
In the case of figures reduced to a surface
220 and a surface 221, both in a common plane.
This body first of all has a through orifice 204 opening into the surfaces 220 and 203 which is intended to receive the pivot 106. This body further defines, perpendicular to the axis of this orifice 204, a plate 205 whose lower face is distant from surfaces 220 and 221 and whose role is to flatten the cornea just in front of the cutting blade. The body 200a also has, following the plate, an orifice 206 for housing and guiding the cutting blade 201 shown in FIGS. 1, 3A, 3B, 3C. This cutting blade 201 has a support 201a in the upper surface of which is formed a groove R perpendicular to the wire 201b of the blade, which is substantially parallel to the rear edge of the plate 205, this groove being intended to receive an eccentric finger
of the output shaft of the blade drive motor.
The housing 206 opens immediately behind the plate 205, to allow the blade to overflow and its wire 201b to be located below the underside of the plate 205 and behind its rear edge 205a at a calibrated distance (dl , d2) which is related to the thickness of the corneal flap to be produced. The body 200a has above this opening, and just behind the plate 205, a deflecting surface 207, itself also well known from the prior art, which forms a sliding surface for the shutter
corneal as it is cut.
An orifice 208, parallel to the orifice 204, opens into the interior of the housing 206 from the upper surface 203 of the body. In FIG. 3, it can be seen that the orifice 208 is extended by means 209, such as female bayonet coupling means, which allow the head to be coupled to the end of means 300 for driving the keratome. In FIG. 4, these bayonet means are represented in the form of a sleeve 210 whose lugs will penetrate and cooperate with female means provided in the drive means 300. This orifice 208 allows the drive finger of the blade to '' reach groove R
that includes its support 201a.
It will be noted that the body 200a comprises, in the vicinity of its upper surface 203, a lateral protuberance 211 which has a surface 211a substantially parallel to the axis of the orifice 204, this surface being intended to form a stop means for cooperating with one of the surfaces 113, 115a, 119a or 120a provided on the
annular base of the device.
The housing 206 for the blade 201 and its holder
blade 201a can either pass right through the body a of the cutting head 200, or be limited by an end partition. This partition could be a veil in continuity with the lateral surface of the head shown in FIG. 3 in the vicinity of bore 204. In the case of a through hole, mainly provided in a multi-use head, made of metal, the blade assembly 201 blade holder 201a should be prevented from escaping from its housing when it has been introduced therein and the head is not yet mounted on the engine assembly 300, during the
manipulations necessary for this assembly by the surgeon.
To do this, the housing 206 has a small cavity 206a for housing a lug 201c carried at the end of an elastic tongue 201d which is in one piece with the support 201a of the blade 201 (see FIGS. 3A, 3B and 4). When the blade is introduced into the cavity 206, the tongue 201d is elastically curved until the lug 201c lifts up and is housed in the housing 206. The blade is then retained in the housing 206. It can nevertheless oscillate in this housing 206 under the effect of the eccentric drive finger because the length of the cavity 206a measured in the direction of the oscillation is greater than the amplitude of this oscillation. The blade is also held in the housing in a position such that the groove R of the support is held in a region of the head which will necessarily be swept by the eccentric drive finger from the first rotation of the motor, or even from the mounting of head on the drive block 300. In this respect, it will be advantageous for the groove R to widen at the top so that the penetration of the finger
training will be facilitated.
In the case where the housing 206 is closed by an end cover, this is mainly the case where the head is for single use in plastic material, it must be delivered equipped with its blade. The lug 201c then serves as a member for holding the blade in the head 200 for use
unique from its manufacture to its use.
In an alternative embodiment of the blade 201, shown in FIG. 3C, the support 201a is provided with a projecting point 201e beyond an edge of the blade 201 which serves as a guide for the introduction of the blade into the
housing 206.
When the cutting head 200 is pivotally mounted around the pivot 106, its trajectory is flat, perpendicular to the axis of this pivot 106 and therefore parallel
to the ring 101.
The drive means 300 comprise, in a casing 301, two motor groups 302, 303 whose carcasses are integral in rotation with the casing, and which have output shafts 304 and 305 respectively. On the group output shaft 304 motor 303, an extension shaft 306 has been locked in rotation, the end 307 of which is near the end 301a of the casing. The end 307 of this extension shaft 306 is in the shape of a tenon whose dimensions are adapted to a penetration without play in the mortise 107 located at the head
pivot 106.
It will be noted, in view of FIG. 2, that the end 301a of the casing 301 is a relatively complex machined part which has, in the extension of the shaft 306, a partially cylindrical recess 308, coaxial with the shaft 306 but of smaller diameter than the latter, so that one of the edges 309 of this recess forms an angular stop for the tenon 307. Indeed the tenon 307 does not have the length of the diameter of the shaft 306, but a shorter length so that one of its ends can freely rotate in the recess 308, while its other end is forced to abut on the edge 309 of the latter. It is understood that thus this edge 309 constitutes an abutment for angular indexing of the post 307
relative to casing 301.
The output shaft 305 of the motor 302 is also extended by a shaft 310 which has at its end an eccentric finger 311 for driving the blade 201. This shaft 310 is surrounded at its end by a sleeve 312 (only the sleeve 312 is shown in FIG. 2, the shaft 310 having been omitted for reasons of clarity of the drawing), this sleeve 312 being fixed in rotation relative to the end piece 301a of the casing 301, but being capable of slight displacement axial along the shaft 310 against an annular rubber spring 313 which tends to make it enter slightly inside the end piece 301a. This sleeve 312 is provided with a collar 314 whose shape, which is not of revolution, constitutes male means of bayonet coupling with the female means 209 of the body 200a of the cutting head 200 such that
In Figures 5, 6 and 7 there is shown the elements 300 and 301a equipped with a lock formed by a partial ring 315 rotatably mounted in a groove 316 of the part 301a. This ring 315 has a lower arm 317 provided with an inwardly facing tooth 318, this tooth extending at a slightly spaced level
from the stud 307 towards the free end of the part 301a.
As can be seen in Figures 6 and 7, when the ring 315 is in an inactive state (Figure 6), the tooth 318 is housed in a recess 319 of the end piece 301a. When it is in service (Figure 7), the tooth 318 comes to interfere with the recess 308 so, when the pivot is housed in this recess, enter the groove 108 of this pivot and prohibit any axial separation between the part 301a, which will of course carry the cutting head 200 and the base
annular 100.
For an operation, the surgeon begins by assembling the cutting head 200, previously equipped with the cutting blade 201 to the assembly 300 of the motor means. To do this, it proceeds to the fitting of the means 209 of the head 200 and of the means 314 of the end 301a of the assembly 300. The fixed angular orientation of the means 314 is such that this fitting can only be achieved if the head is
angularly offset from part 301a, that is
ie if the axes of the housing 204 and the shaft 306 are not in correspondence. Once the axial fitting has been performed, the surgeon pivots the head 200 around the axis of the shaft 310 housed inside the means 314 so that the latter cooperate like a bayonet coupling with the means 209, thus preventing any axial separation of the head 200 from the casing 301. This rotation takes place in the direction of the approximation of the axis of the orifice 204 with the axis of the shaft 306. The coaxiality of these axes is obtained when for example a stop (a pin) 320 bears on a surface 212 of the body 201 of the cutting head (see FIG. 5). An indexing of the head on the casing will also advantageously be provided by means, for example, of a flute 213 (FIG. 3) formed on the upper surface 203 of the head which receives a ball 321 (FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) making projection by means of a return spring from the end face of the
It is understood that the mounting of the head 200 of FIG. 4 on the casing body 301 is carried out in the same way, only the male and female bayonet coupling means being reversed with respect to the previous example. It will be noted in this regard that the means 210 which produce this bayonet coupling are not symmetrical, and constitute a key for assembling the head to the casing of the motor assembly preventing the carrying out of a false maneuver. Such asymmetry in these coupling means can also be implemented in the previous embodiment. The elements 200 and 300 being thus assembled and wedged axially and angularly one on the other, the orifice 204 of the head 200 is in alignment with the shaft 306. It will be noted that the shaft 306 has means of its control such that, after an operation, it is brought back to a fixed angular position which is that shown in FIG. 2, that is to say that the pin 307 is in abutment on the surface 309 of the part 301a . The surgeon places the annular base 100 on the patient's eye and maintains it there by suction as described above. He then presents the elements 200, 300 assembled so as to introduce the pivot 106 into the orifice 204. To obtain that the tenon 307 penetrates into the mortise 107, the surgeon must pivot all of the elements 200, 300 around the pivot 106, which determines a relative angular position and only one between the base 100 and all of the elements 200, 300. This position is the starting position of the operation. It is reached while the cutting blade is distant from the cornea to be operated by the very fact that the top of the tenon 307 rests on the top of the pivot 106 as long as the tenon has not penetrated into the mortise. This is a safety device which prevents any untimely injury to the cornea by the cutting blade. When the pin 307 has penetrated into the mortise 107 the motor 300 / cutting head 200 assembly rests on the annular base 100 by the two coplanar surfaces 220 surrounding the orifice 204 and 221 at the end of the side wall 222 of the body 200a of the cutting head 200 (see Figures 3 and 3A). It is understood that by varying the vertical distance D (FIG. 3A) which separates the underside of the plate 205 from these surfaces 220, 221, the crushing of the part of the cornea projecting at the center of the annular base 100 is varied by the plate 205. Thus the smaller this distance, the more the cornea is flattened; this results in obtaining a corneal hood with a larger diameter than for a larger D value. By providing, all other things being equal, a set of cutting heads 200 each having a different value of distance D, the surgeon is offered the possibility of choosing the diameter of the corneal cover which he wishes to obtain, the
better suited to the subject he is dealing with.
The trajectory of the cutting blade is therefore a circular trajectory centered on the axis of the pivot 106 and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of this pivot. By construction, the axes of the motors 302 and 303 are then parallel to the axis of the pivot 106 and therefore perpendicular to the path of the cutting blade. It will be noted that thus there is practically no overhang of the mobile assembly with respect to the fixed annular base during the whole procedure of cutting the cornea. Indeed, the weight of the motor 303 is exerted practically in the axis of the pivot, and the weight of the motor 302 is exerted along an axis which never exceeds the peripheral skirt 103 of the annular base. The result of these two gravity forces
is therefore always inside the annular base.
To make an axial safety connection between the annular base and the mobile assembly 200, 300, we
has provided according to the invention several devices.
It is primarily the lock shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 11. When in its state of Figures 6 and 11, this lock does not interfere with the pivot head which has passed through the orifice 204 and which is in engagement with the pin 307. By rotating the ring 315 to put the lock in its active state, the tooth 318 is passed under the head of the pivot 106 to accommodate it in the groove 108 of this pivot. It is then impossible to separate the mobile assembly 200, 300 from the ring 100, or for this mobile assembly to be accidentally raised during an operation. The figures have not shown the indexing and stop devices which are provided between the ring 315 and the part 301a, making it possible to make the surgeon aware of the two positions of the lock and of preventing this lock from being forced into a sense detrimental to the mechanical quality of the product. These devices can simply be elastic snap-in systems and pins coming into abutment on
suitable surfaces.
This locking function can be carried out otherwise, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 8. In this figure, the head 200 has been shown in solid lines at the end of its working stroke, and in dashed lines 200 ′ this head at the time when the tenon 307 penetrates into the mortise 107. The head body 200a carries a lug 214 which projects inside the orifice 204 in a well-defined angular position. When the pin 307 enters the mortise 107, this lug 214 is located opposite the lateral zone 109 of the pivot 106 which is of smaller diameter than the inside diameter of the orifice 204, which allows the projecting part of the lug 214 not to prevent the axial sliding of the head on the pivot 106. This lug is then in its position 214 ′, that is to say just at the entrance to the groove 111 which the zone carries 110 of the pivot which, for its part, is of diameter substantially equal to the internal diameter of the orifice 204. It is understood that, as soon as the pivoting of the head 200 begins around the pivot 106 to cause it to pass from its position 200 'to its position in solid lines in FIG. 8, the lug 214 engages in the groove 111. Throughout the duration of the cut and the return of the movable part around the pivot 106, no axial separation is possible between the mobile part 200, 300 and the fixed annular base. In the case of a microkeratome capable of being equipped, at the option of the surgeon, with heads which differ from one another by the value D indicated in FIG. 3A, means of connection have been provided according to the invention of axial safety which take into account in a simple way this
difference in geometry.
In a first variant not shown, the annular base 100 has a removable pin 106 (for example due to implantation by screwing in
the ring) which can thus be matched to the head used.
Indeed, for a head with a low D, the tenon 307 and the tooth 318 of the ring 315 are closer to the upper surface of the ring 101. The corresponding pivot to be installed on the ring must therefore be shorter than for a head at D larger so that the tenon 307 does not abut on the bottom of the mortise 107 and that the groove 108 does not
not too high compared to tooth 318.
In another variant, a single base can be provided for all the heads, having made a mortise 107 sufficiently deep to accommodate a tenon 307 long enough to absorb the different heights of the cutting heads due to the different dimensions D. For adjustment of the link mechanism, an arm 317 of adjustable length is then provided by means of two telescopic parts and an adjustment indexing system matching the
length from arm to head chosen.
In a third variant, the keratom according to the invention comprises a head set 200 with for each a distance D determined as a function of the diameter of the corneal cover to be obtained and a set of complete annular bases 100 each of which corresponds to a head. These arrangements are advantageous, in particular in the case where single-use plastic cutting heads and bases are provided. We have seen that the starting point of the trajectory of the cutting head was fixed by the angular orientation of the pins in the part 301a. The surgeon can then control the supply of the motor 302 which causes the high frequency reciprocating movement of the blade 201. He then controls the supply of the motor 303. As the axis 306 linked to this motor cannot rotate because of the tenon-mortise connection between this shaft 306 and the fixed pivot 106, it is the carcass of this motor which will rotate around the shaft 306, and therefore the entire casing 301 and the cutting head 200 which is attached to it associated. The rotation of this mobile assembly is stopped when the lateral projection 211 integral with the cutting head 200 abuts against one of the surfaces 113, 115a, 119a or 120a, according to the embodiments shown, which they are carried by a part integral with the annular base 100. By an appropriate detector sensitive for example to the increase in the supply current to the motor 303, the supply to this motor is cut off, or even reversed, so as to cause the head to return to its initial position. It will be recalled that this initial position is obtained by the arrival in abutment of the stud 307 against a surface 309 carried by the part 301a. Here too, by a suitable sensor, the sudden increase in the torque resistant to the rotational movement is detected and the power supply to the motor 303 is cut off. The parts 200, 300 can then be removed from the annular base 101, and any intra-stromal ablation can be carried out while keeping the corneal hood raised, in particular by a
procedure known as LASIK.
It is understood that the final position of the cutting head determines the position, the length and therefore the mechanical qualities of the so-called hinge connection zone between the flap which has just been cut and the eye. The
surgeon must be able to act on this final position.
It must therefore be able to move the abutment surface 113 integral with the annular base 100. The invention proposes for this purpose several alternative embodiments for obtaining this result, illustrated respectively in FIGS. 10, 11 and 9. It will be recalled that the surgeon can, using the device of FIG. 10 already described, substitute for the abutment surface 113 a surface 115a chosen from four at its disposal which allow it to adjust the position of the end point of the trajectory of the head
In FIG. 11, it is the surfaces 119a and 120a which can be put into service selectively by rotation of the sleeve 118 which carries them to obtain the
Finally, in FIG. 9, a third alternative embodiment is proposed in which one no longer acts on the surface 113 secured to the annular base 100 but on the surface 211a secured to the protuberance 211 carried by the body 200a of the cutting head . When the head 200 is assembled to the casing 301, the latter has an external surface capable of receiving a sort of clip 215 which has a wedge 216 which can bear on the surface 211a of the projection 211 and thus present a surface 216a of abutment coming from cooperate with the surface 113 of the part 112 of the base 100. The surgeon will have a set of clips 215 to be able to benefit from wedges 216 of different thicknesses sufficiently varied to
that he can get the setting that suits him.
realization of the main means of the invention applied to a pivoting keratoma. It is not departing from the scope or the spirit of the invention to provide a double motorization of a keratom having a linear movement or even a pivoting movement obtained by the cooperation of pinions provided outside the head and fixed racks provided on the annular base. Indeed, while the motor intended to drive the blade in its reciprocating movement inside the cutting head remains substantially identical for all the variant embodiments, the motor 303 can by its output shaft 306 attack a transmission, by example with cogwheels, the last wheel of which meshes with a rack
straight or fixed curve.
It will be noted that the independence of the motorizations offers numerous advantages to the surgeon as regards the flexibility of use of the microkeratome. In addition to those already mentioned, it will be indicated that it is comfortable for the surgeon to initiate the oscillation movement of the blade before the cutting movement of the cutting head, and that it may be advantageous to maintain the oscillation movement. of the blade even as the movement of
the cutting head stops.
This double motorization also has the advantage of providing a standard manufacture of two types of microkeratomas, either with motorized advance, or with manual advance. Indeed, for a keratom with manual advance, the only minor modification to be made to that described resides in the absence of mortise 107 at the top of the pivot 106. In this case, the surgeon can manually actuate all of the elements 200 , 300 around the pivot 106 after having locked them on this pivot. However, he loses the advantage of having a determined and fixed starting position. To keep this advantage, a simple modification of the keratom according to the invention consists in removing the motor 303 and replacing it with a part which has, like the shaft 306, an end stud. This part is subjected to a relatively low return torque around its longitudinal axis which presses the stud against the surface 309 of the part 301a as previously described. In this case, the assembly and assembly of the three parts of the keratome are carried out in the same way as that described above,
the manual feed movement of the cutting head
above the ring of the annular base being produced manually against the member exerting the above-mentioned return torque on the post. Finally, it will be indicated that this manual version can easily be motorized. It will then suffice to proceed to the reverse substitution of that described, that is to say the substitution of the pin stud with restoring torque by a motor group such as
that 303 described above.
RESELL I CATIONS
1. Corneal surgery device comprising: - an annular base (100) for fixing the device to the eye of a patient, - a cutting head (200) comprising a body (200a) and a blade (201) and capable of being displaced along a flat path parallel to the annular base
- guide means (106) of the cutting head (200) relative to the base (100), - drive means (302) of the blade (201) in the cutting head (200) according to a reciprocating linear movement parallel to its cutting line (201b), - drive means (303) of the cutting head (200) relative to the annular base (100) along the above-mentioned trajectory, characterized in that said means drive (302, 303) comprise two independent motor assemblies, surmounting the cutting head and whose output shafts (306, 310) are mutually parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the trajectory of the head
cutting (200).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two motor assemblies (302, 303) are housed in a common casing (301) having an end surface from which protrudes a drive shaft (310) of the cutting blade (201), the casing comprising means for coupling (312) the cutting head
section (200).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the coupling means (312) of the cutting head (200) comprise means for bayonet connection of this head to the casing to immobilize the body (200a) of the head and the housing (301) along the axis of the drive shaft (310) of the blade (201) and stop means (212, 320) between the housing (301) and the body (200a) of the head to index the latter and the casing in a determined angular position around the axis of the drive shaft (310) of the blade (201).
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bayonet coupling means comprise a sleeve (312) surrounding the projecting part of the drive shaft (310) of the blade and a recess (208, 209) of corresponding form
in the body (200a) of the cutting head (200).
5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bayonet coupling means comprise a recess coaxial with the drive shaft (310) of the blade formed at the end of the casing (301) and a sleeve ( 210) projecting from the body (200a) of the cutting head (200), designed to cooperate from the outside with said recess and to receive
inside the drive shaft (310) of the blade.
6. Device according to one of claims 2 to
, characterized in that the motor assembly (303) for driving the cutting head (200) relative to the annular base (100) comprises a shaft (306) the end of which is situated in the vicinity of the surface d end of the housing (301) and has reliefs (307) formed at the end of the shaft to cooperate by axial interlocking with reliefs (107) formed at the end of a fixed pivot (106) carried by the annular base ( 100) and
parallel to the axes of the motor assemblies (302, 303).
7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the body (200a) of the cutting head (200) has a cylindrical recess (204) passing through its entire thickness and coaxial with the shaft (306) provided with reliefs end (307) when the body (200a) of the cutting head is angularly indexed by
relative to the housing (301).
8. Device according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the shaft (306) with end reliefs and the housing (301) have stop means (307, 309) defining a determined angular position of the tree (306) with reliefs
end relative to the housing (301).
9. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises, between the pivot (106) and the casing (301) or the body (200a) of the cutting head (200), means (108, 111, 214, 318) of axial connection of the pivot (106) and the shaft (306) with end reliefs (307) during at least the movement of the cutting head
around the pivot.
10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the axial connection means comprise a member for controlling their activated / deactivated state formed by a ring (315) rotatably mounted on the casing (301) around a parallel axis
to the axes of the motors (302, 303).
11. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the angular position determined between the shaft (306) with end reliefs (307) and the housing (301) determines the position of the start of the trajectory of the cutting head (200) when linking
in rotation of the shaft (306) with the pivot (106).
12. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the annular base (100) comprises, in a zone substantially diametrically opposite the fixed pivot (106), a stop (113) for limiting the pivoting of the body (200a) of the head cutting (200) relative to the base (100), to cooperate with a radial projection (211) of this body (200a) of the cutting head.
13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the stop (113) and / or the radial projection (211) are in adjustable position on the annular base (100) and / or on the body (200a) of the head.
14. Device according to one of claims 1 to
13, characterized in that it comprises a set of cutting heads in which each cutting head comprises a flattening plate (205) remote from a surface (220, 221) for sliding of the head on the base of a D value
different from the other heads of the game.
above, characterized in that the cutting head (200) comprises a housing (206) for guiding the cutting blade (201) in its reciprocating linear movement, which housing has means (206a) for holding the blade
(201) inside the housing.
FR0013067A 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Corneal surgery device Active FR2815247B1 (en)
FR0013067A FR2815247B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Corneal surgery device
AT01976413T AT311839T (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Device for corneal surgery
CZ20021915A CZ20021915A3 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Device for surgery of the cornea
CA 2393873 CA2393873C (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
US09/974,816 US6641594B2 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Device for surgery of the cornea
JP2002533792A JP2004510549A (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
EP20010976413 EP1324731B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
AU95695/01A AU771709B2 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
PCT/FR2001/003160 WO2002030344A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
CNB018030890A CN1162131C (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
BR0107313A BR0107313B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 corneal surgery device.
DE2001615681 DE60115681T2 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Device for corneal surgery
US10/148,634 US7029485B2 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Corneal surgery device
ES01976413T ES2253429T3 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Cornean surgery device.
US10/294,884 US6840947B2 (en) 2000-10-12 2002-11-15 Device for surgery of the cornea
FR2815247A1 true FR2815247A1 (en) 2002-04-19
FR2815247B1 FR2815247B1 (en) 2002-12-20
ID=8855271
FR0013067A Active FR2815247B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Corneal surgery device
US (3) US7029485B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1324731B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004510549A (en)
CN (1) CN1162131C (en)
AT (1) AT311839T (en)
AU (1) AU771709B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0107313B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2393873C (en)
CZ (1) CZ20021915A3 (en)
DE (1) DE60115681T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2253429T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2815247B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002030344A1 (en)
FR2815247B1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-12-20 Moria Sa Corneal surgery device
CN100446738C (en) * 2004-09-30 2008-12-31 尼德克株式会社 Corneal surgical apparatus and blade unit attached to corneal surgical apparatus for use in corneal surgery
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CN102836032A (en) * 2012-08-31 2012-12-26 北京大学第三医院 Corneal trephine
EP1027873A2 (en) * 1999-02-10 2000-08-16 Sis Ltd. A microkeratome for performing LASIK surgery
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FR2767054B1 (en) * 1997-08-05 1999-09-10 Khalil Hanna Surgical apparatus for performing a lamellar corneal cut
FR2767677B1 (en) * 1997-09-04 1999-11-05 Moria Sa Microkeratome for optalmological surgery
JP3869607B2 (en) * 2000-01-06 2007-01-17 株式会社ニデック Cornea surgery device
2000-10-12 FR FR0013067A patent/FR2815247B1/en active Active
2001-10-12 ES ES01976413T patent/ES2253429T3/en active Active
2001-10-12 CN CNB018030890A patent/CN1162131C/en active IP Right Grant
2001-10-12 EP EP20010976413 patent/EP1324731B1/en active Active
2001-10-12 DE DE2001615681 patent/DE60115681T2/en active Active
2001-10-12 JP JP2002533792A patent/JP2004510549A/en active Pending
2001-10-12 US US10/148,634 patent/US7029485B2/en active Active
2001-10-12 CZ CZ20021915A patent/CZ20021915A3/en unknown
2001-10-12 BR BR0107313A patent/BR0107313B1/en active IP Right Grant
2001-10-12 WO PCT/FR2001/003160 patent/WO2002030344A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
2001-10-12 US US09/974,816 patent/US6641594B2/en active Active
2001-10-12 AT AT01976413T patent/AT311839T/en not_active IP Right Cessation
2001-10-12 CA CA 2393873 patent/CA2393873C/en active Active
2001-10-12 AU AU95695/01A patent/AU771709B2/en active Active
2002-11-15 US US10/294,884 patent/US6840947B2/en active Active
CA2393873C (en) 2005-06-28
CZ20021915A3 (en) 2002-10-16
DE60115681D1 (en) 2006-01-12
US20030060840A1 (en) 2003-03-27
EP1324731B1 (en) 2005-12-07
BR0107313B1 (en) 2011-06-14
FR2815247B1 (en) 2002-12-20
CN1162131C (en) 2004-08-18
US6840947B2 (en) 2005-01-11
ES2253429T3 (en) 2006-06-01
DE60115681T2 (en) 2006-08-17
AU771709B2 (en) 2004-04-01
CA2393873A1 (en) 2002-04-18
CN1392790A (en) 2003-01-22
US20020183773A1 (en) 2002-12-05
JP2004510549A (en) 2004-04-08
EP1324731A1 (en) 2003-07-09
WO2002030344A1 (en) 2002-04-18
AT311839T (en) 2005-12-15
AU9569501A (en) 2002-04-22
US6641594B2 (en) 2003-11-04
US7029485B2 (en) 2006-04-18
US20020045910A1 (en) 2002-04-18
BR0107313A (en) 2002-08-27
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