Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6514504?dq=5,758,352
Timestamp: 2016-08-27 10:34:21
Document Index: 319929855

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'art 2', 'Application No. 2018551', 'Application No. 94924355', 'Application No 95915955', 'Application No. 95916790', 'Application No. 94931643', 'Application No. 95932065', 'Application No. 95932063', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09', 'application No. 09']

Patent US6514504 - Discontinuous films from skin care compositions - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsThe present invention relates to substantially uniform, discontinuous films of a skin care product having a defined average particle size, particle spacing and coverage value. The films provide improved skin appearance, e.g., good apparent coverage and a natural look. The films can be formed by any method...http://www.google.com/patents/US6514504?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6514504 - Discontinuous films from skin care compositionsAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6514504 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/628,631Publication dateFeb 4, 2003Filing dateJul 31, 2000Priority dateAug 18, 1999Fee statusPaidAlso published asCA2380712A1, CA2380712C, CN1379656A, CN100358487C, EP1204397A1, WO2001012137A1Publication number09628631, 628631, US 6514504 B1, US 6514504B1, US-B1-6514504, US6514504 B1, US6514504B1InventorsHelen Shu Ying Yen, Thomas Elliot Rabe, Jeffrey Keith Leppla, Robert Lawrence ProsiseOriginal AssigneeThe Procter & Gamble CompanyExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (53), Non-Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (21), Classifications (27), Legal Events (4) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetDiscontinuous films from skin care compositions
US 6514504 B1Abstract
What is claimed is: 1. A discontinuous film deposited onto skin, wherein said film is formed from the deposition onto said skin of an electrostatically sprayed topical cosmetic composition, the composition comprising one or more particulate materials dispersed in a carrier comprising at least one liquid diluent, wherein upon deposition onto said skin the film has an average particle size of from about 0.5 to about 150 microns, an average spacing between particles of at least about 3 microns, and a coverage value of about 80% or less.
This application claims priority under Title 35, United States Code 119(e) from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/149,586, filed on Aug. 18, 1999 and is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. Application Ser. No. 09/583,616, filed May 31, 2000.
The films further have a coverage value of less than about 80%, preferably less than about 70%, more preferably less than about 60.
1. Zeiss SV-11 stereomicroscope with a 1� lens (S1,0�) or the equivalent thereof—Magnification is 5.0 and the iris is completely open (“big dot”). This is a magnification of 5�.
Films of the product to be tested are prepared by uniformly depositing the test product onto clear acetate sheets 19�17 cm in size in the desired manner of application, e.g., electrostatic spraying or passing through a mesh as described herein or other desired method of application. The product is allowed to dry under ambient conditions (21 C, 1 atm) for at least 15 minutes prior to image analysis.
The camera brightness/contrast is calibrated upon starting the application, and is re-calibrated whenever the microscope lens or lighting is changed. Spatial calibration is also calibrated, however there is a default calibration that is valid when the microscope lens is 1.0� (S1, 0�) and the magnification is 5.0 (default calibration is 1 pixel=2.681 microns). If any other lens or magnification is used, spatial calibration must be conducted.
6. Use the following equation to calculate the percent area covered: (Foreground area/Total area)�100=Percent area covered. The percent area covered is the coverage value.
Suitable liquid conductive materials include polar solvents, polar aprotic solvents, glycols, polyols, and mixtures thereof. Preferred liquid conductive materials are selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols, glycols, polyols, ketones and mixtures thereof, more preferably alcohols, glycols, polyols (typically comprising about 16 or less carbon atoms) and mixtures thereof. More preferred conductive materials are propylene glycol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, phenyl ethyl alcohol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerin, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-propane diol, isoprene glycol, water, acetone, or a mixture thereof. Particularly preferred conductive materials are propylene glycol, butylene glycol, ethanol, glycerin, water, or a mixture thereof The conductive material is more preferably selected from propylene glycol, ethanol, and mixtures thereof, and is most preferably propylene glycol.
Electrostatically sprayable compositions suitable for use herein may also contain one or more insulating components, more preferably volatile and liquid. By “nsulating” it is meant that a material would not itself be suitable for electrostatic spraying (that is, it would not be able to cause sufficient alignment of the dipole molecules in the field to result in the subsequent, necessary net force), typically having a resistivity of greater than about 2000 Mega-ohm-cm, more preferably greater than about 5000 Mega-ohm-cm. For electrostatically sprayable compositions, the total level of insulating materials is typically from about 0% to about 90%.
Suitable volatile silicones include cyclic polyalkylsiloxanes represented by the chemical formula [SiR2—O]n wherein R is an alkyl group (preferably R is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl) and n is an integer from about 3 to about 8, more preferably n is an integer from about 3 to about 7, and most preferably n is an integer from about 4 to about 6. When R is methyl, these materials are typically referred to as cyclomethicones. Commercially available cyclomethicones include Dow Corning� 244 fluid having a viscosity of 2.5 centistokes, and a boiling point of 172� C., which primarily contains the cyclomethicone tetramer (i.e. n=4), Dow Corning� 344 fluid having a viscosity of 2.5 centistokes and a boiling point of 178� C., which primarily contains the cyclomethicone pentamer (i.e. n=5), Dow Corning� 245 fluid having a viscosity of 4.2 centistokes and a boiling point of 205� C., which primarily contains a mixture of the cyclomethicone tetramer and pentamer (i.e. n=4 and 5), and Dow Corning� 345 fluid having a viscosity of 4.5 centistokes and a boiling point of 217�, which primarily contains a mixture of the cyclomethicone tetramer, pentamer, and hexamer (i.e. n=4, 5, and 6). Dow Coming� 244 fluid and Dow Coming� 344 fluid are preferred cyclomethicones.
Other suitable volatile silicones are linear polydimethyl siloxanes having from about 3 to about 9 silicon atoms and the general formula (CH3)3Si—O—[—Si (CH3)2—O—]—n—Si (CH3)3 where n=0-7. These silicones are available from various sources including Dow Coming Corporation and General Electric.
Suitable powders include various organic and inorganic pigments which color the composition or skin. Organic pigments are generally various types including azo, indigoid, triphenylmethane, anthraquinone, and xanthine dyes which are designated as D&C and FD&C blues, browns, greens, oranges, reds, yellows, etc. Inorganic pigments are generally insoluble metallic salts of certified color additives, referred to as lakes or iron oxides. Suitable pigments include those generally recognized as safe, and listed in C.T.F.A. Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, First Edition, Washington D.C. (1988). Specific examples are red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black iron oxide, brown iron oxide, ultramarine, FD&C Red, Nos. 2, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 30 and 34; FD&C Yellow No 5, Red 3, 21, 27, 28, and 33 Aluminum Lakes, Yellow 5, 6, and 10 Aluminum Lakes, Orange 5 Aluminum Lake, Blue 1 Aluminum Lake, Red 6 Barium Lake, Red 7 Calcium Lake, and the like.
Preferred powders for absorbing oil are spherical, non-porous particles, more preferably having a particle size less than 25 microns. Examples of some preferred oil absorbing powders are Coslin C-100 (a spherical oil absorber commercially available from Englehard), Tospearl (spherical silica commercially available Kobo Industries), ethylene acrylates copolymer such as noted above, and SPCAT 12.
Examples of these polymers and cosmetic compositions containing them are found in PCT publication Nos. WO96/33689, published Oct. 31, 1996; WO97/17058, published May 15, 1997; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,505,937 issued to Castrogiovanni et al. Apr. 9, 1996, all incorporated herein by reference. Additional film forming polymers suitable for use herein include the water-insoluble polymer materials in aqueous emulsion and water soluble film forming polymers described in PCT publication No. WO98/18431, published May 7, 1998. Examples of high molecular weight hydrocarbon polymers with viscosities of greater than about 50,000 mPas include polybutene, polybutene terephthalate, polydecene, polycyclopentadiene, and similar linear and branched high molecular weight hydrocarbons.
Preferred film forming polymers include organosiloxane resins comprising combinations of R3SiO1/2 “M” units, R2SiO “D” units, RSiO3/2 “T” units, SiO2 “Q” units in ratios to each other that satisfy the relationship RnSiO(4−n)/2 where n is a value between 1.0 and 1.50 and R is a methyl group. Note that a small amount, up to 5%, of silanol or alkoxy functionality may also be present in the resin structure as a result of processing. The organosiloxane resins must be solid at about 25� C. and have a molecular weight range of from about 1,000 to about 10,000 grams/mole. The resin is soluble in organic solvents such as toluene, xylene, isoparaffins, and cyclosiloxanes or the volatile carrier, indicating that the resin is not sufficiently crosslinked such that the resin is insoluble in the volatile carrier. Particularly preferred are resins comprising repeating monofunctional or R3SiO1/2 “M” units and the quadrafunctional or SiO2 “Q” units, otherwise known as “MQ” resins as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,330,747, Krzysik, issued Jul. 19, 1994, incorporated herein by reference. In the present invention the ratio of the “M” to “Q” functional units is preferably about 0.7 and the value of n is 1.2. Organosiloxane resins such as these are commercially available such as Wacker 803 and 804 available from Wacker Silicones Corporation of Adrian, Mich., and G. E. 1170-002 from the General Electric Company.
Suitable silicones include alkyl siloxane gellants, high molecular weight dimethicones (fluids greater than 1000 mPas), and high molecular weight alkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, and/or fluoro- substituted dimethicones (fluids greater than 1000 mpas). Preferred silicone gellants are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362 and 5,880,210, and include cyclomethicone and dimethicone crosspolymers (e.g., Dow Corning 9040).
Waxes can be defined as lower-melting organic mixtures or compounds of high molecular weight, solid at room temperature and generally similar in composition to fats and oils except that they contain no glycerides. Some are hydrocarbons, others are esters of fatty acids and alcohols. Suitable waxes may be selected from the group consisting of natural waxes including animal waxes, vegetable waxes, and mineral waxes, and synthetic waxes including petroleum waxes, ethylenic polymers, hydrocarbon waxes (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch waxes), ester waxes, silicone waxes, and mixtures thereof. Synthetic waxes include those disclosed in Warth, Chcmistry and Technology of Waxes, Part 2, Reinhold Publishing (1956).
Specific examples of waxes include beeswax, lanolin wax, shellac wax, carnauba, candelilla, bayberry, jojoba esters, behenic acid waxes (e.g., glyceryl behenate which is available from Gattifosse as Compritol�, ozokerite, ceresin, paraffin, microcrystalline waxes, polyethylene homopolymers, polymers comprising ethylene oxide or ethylene (e.g., long chained polymers of ethylene oxide combined with a dihydric alcohol, namely polyoxyethylene glycol, such as Carbowax available from Carbide and Carbon Chemicals company; long-chained polymers of ethylene with OH or another stop length grouping at end of chain, including Fischer-Tropsch waxes as disclosed in Warth, supra, at pages 465-469 and specifically including Rosswax available from Ross Company and PT-0602 available from Astor Wax Company), C24-45 alkyl methicones, C8 to C50 hydrocarbon waxes, alkylated polyvinyl pyrrolidones (e.g., “Ganex” alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidines available from the ISP Company), fatty alcohols from C20 to C60 (e.g., “Unilins”, available from Petrolite Corporation), and mixtures thereof.
Suitable oil dispersible clays include organophilically modified bentonites, hectorites and attapulgites. Specific commercially available examples of these clays include Bentone 34 (Rheox Corp.)—Quaternium-18 Bentonite; Tixogel VP (United Catalysts)—Quaternium-18 Bentonite; Bentone 38 (Rheox Corp.)—Quaternium-18 Hectorite; Bentone SD-3 (Rheox Corp.)—Dihydrogenated Tallow Benzylmonium Hectorite; Bentone 27 (Rheox Corp.)—Stearalkonium Hectorite; Tixogel LG (United Catalysts)—Stearalkonium Bentonite; Claytone 34 (Southern Clay) Quatemium-18 Bentonite; Claytone 40 (Southern Clay) Quaternium-18 Bentonite; Claytone AF (Southern Clay) Stearalkonium Bentonite; Claytone APA (Southern Clay) Stearalkonium Bentonite; Claytone GR (Southern Clay) Quaternium- 18/Benzalkonium Bentonite; Claytone HT (Southern Clay) Quaternium-18/Benzalkonium Bentonite; Claytone PS (Southern Clay) Quaternium-18/Benzalkonium Bentonite; Claytone XL (Southern Clay) Quaternium-18 Bentonite; and Vistrol 1265 (Cimbar)—Organophilic Attapulgite. These organophilic clays can be purchased as pre-dispersed organophilic clay in either an oil or an organic solvent. The materials are in the form of a heavy paste that can be readily dispersed into the formulation. Such materials include Mastergels by Rheox, United Catalysts, and Southern Clay.
The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the emulsifier (herein referred to as HLB) is chosen so as to optimally lower the interfacial tension between two phases of significantly different surface tension. For a polar-in-non-polar system, HLB ranges are typically from about 4 to about 8. For a non-polar-in-polar system, HLB ranges are typically from about 12 to about 20. HLB factors are described in Wilkinson and Moore, Harry's Cosmeticology, 7th Ed. 1982, p. 738 and Schick and Fowkes, Surfactant Science Series, Vol. 2. Solvent Properties of Surfactant Solutions, p 607. Exemplary emulsifiers include those disclosed in the C.T.F.A. Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, 3rd Ed., Cosmetic and Fragrance Assn., Inc., Washington D.C. (1982) pp. 587-592; and Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15th Ed. 1975, pp. 335-337; and McCutcheon's Volume 1, Emulsifiers & Detergents, 1994, North American Edition, pp. 236-239.
Suitable electrostatically sprayable topical compositions are also described in copending, commonly assigned U.S. Patent Applications: Attorney's Docket Case 7730P, U.S. Ser. No. 60/149566, entitled “Electrostatically Sprayable Topical Compositions Having Insulating External Phase and Conductive Internal Phase”, Attorney's Docket Case 7731P, U.S. Ser. No. 60/149565, entitled “Stable, Electrostatically Sprayable Topical Compositions”, and Attorney's Docket Case 7732P, U.S. Ser. No 60/149585, entitled “Wear Resistant Topical Compositions Having Improved Feel”, all filed on Aug. 18, 1999 in the name of Thomas E. Rabe et al., and all incorporated herein by reference.
III) METHOD OF MAKING/USING THE INVENTION
For use in the present invention, the hardware and electrical componentry and circuitry may be of any suitable construction and design. The art of electrostatic spraying contains many examples of suitable apparatus which may be used in the present invention and such disclosures of such apparatus or particular features thereof may be applied either singly or in combination to the spray systems of the present invention. Examples of suitable electrostatic spraying hardware include those described in the following publications: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,549,243; 4,561,037; 4,663,639; 4,854,506; 4,846,407; 5,121,884; 5,222,663; 5,222,664; 5,221,050; 5,290,600; 5,337,963; 5,292,067; 5,490,633; 5,184,778; 5,503,335; 5,684,666; and 4,776,515; Japanese patent No. 1,932,551; JP-A-56-97214; Canadian Patent Application No. 2018551-1; GB-A-1393333; GB-A-15697007, GB-A-2092025; GB-A-2061769; GB-A-2073052; Taiwanese Patent No. NI-64734; EPO Application No. 94924355.4 (Publication No. 716626); EPO Application No 95915955.9 (Publication No. 748256); EPO Application No. 95916790.9 (Publication No. 748257); EPO Application No. 94931643.4 (Publication No 789626); EPO Application No. 95932065.6 (Publication No. 776253); EPO Application No. 95932063.1 (Publication No. 785823); EP-A-029301; EP-A-253539; EP-A-224352; EP-A-031649; EP-A-132062; EP-A-163390; EP-A-171184; EP-A-234842; EP-A-243031; EP-A-368494; EP-A-441501; EP-A-468735, EP-A-468736; PCT Application No. GB96/01286 (Publication No. 096/40441); PCT Application No. GB97/00376 (Publication No. 097/31718); PCT Application No. GB97/02746; and WO-A-85/00761. Preferred electrostatic spray devices are disclosed in copending, commonly assigned U.S. patent applications Attorney's Docket No. 7711, entitled “Hand-Held Electrostatic Sprayer Apparatus” filed in the names of Chinto B. Gaw et al. on Aug. 18, 1999; and Attorney's Docket No. 7712, entitled “Disposable Cartridge for Use in a Hand-Held Electrostatic Sprayer Apparatus” filed in the name of Chinto B. Gaw et al. on Aug. 18, 1999, both incorporated herein by reference.
For improved even-ness of coverage, the device should be kept moving during application, preferably at a steady pace with a sweeping motion, without stopping in place while the device is operating. In general, the preferred pace is such that in one second one can usually transverse the forehead, or make two passes over a single cheek. depending on the facial size. The swath areas may be partially overlapped, such as occurs with a Zamboni smoothing ice. In a typical 60-90 second application, each facial area is typically passed over 2-8 times.
1) seeding mechanisms in which the pores are created by incorporating a physical material which is later extracted, destroyed, removed, or decays after the structure is formed, examples of such materials include elastomeric rubber structures manufactured by the Porelon and MicroFoam Companies such as Porlon and Microfoam brand materials which are described in U.S. Pats. No. 3,971,315 and 4,824,621, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety;
3) using emulsion chemistry and processing techniques to control the pore size and density—examples of such materials include polyurethane foams produced by the Lendell corporation, or flexible microcellular foams such as those cited in U.S. Pat. No. 5,260,345 and 4,522,953, both of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
Black lron Oxide
Ethylene Acrylates Copolymer1 3.00
Boron Nitride UHP 110722 3.00
1Ethylene Acrylates Copolymer available as EA-209 from Kobo Products. 2Boron Nitride UHP 1107 grade available from Carborundum. 3MQ Resin (0.7:1 ratio M:Q) available as SR 1000 from General Electric. Combine the Group A ingredients and mix well with a homogenizer set at 2000-4000 rpm. Add the Group B ingredients. During addition mix at 5000-7500 rpm; when addition is complete set mixing speed to 8000-10000 rpm. Do not let temperature rise above 40 C during mixing. After 30 minutes of mixing check the particle size with a Hegman gauge or glass slides. If the sample has an acceptable particle size (i.e. less than 30 microns). Mix in Part C at a mixing speed of 5000-7500 rpm. Keep temperature in 20 C-40 C range and assist with hand mixing if necessary. After 15 minutes of mixing, raise mixing speed to 7500-10000 rpm. Slowly add Part D ingredients at a rate of 30-40 g/minute, keeping the temperature at 45 C or below (ideally temperature should be from 20-40 C). After addition is complete mix at 5000 rpm-7500 rpm for about 10 minutes. Allow the product to reach ambient conditions and pour into appropriate container.
Arlacel P135 surfactant (ICI)
Titanium Dioxide - Dimethicone Treated
Ethylene Acrylates Copolymer1 2.94
Compritol 888 ATO (glyceryl behenate)
Dow Corning 9040 silicone gel thickener
1Ethylene Acrylates Copolymer available as EA-209 from Kobo Products. 2Boron Nitride UHP 1107 grade available from Carborundum. 3MQ Resin (0.7:1 ratio M:Q) available as SR 1000 from General Electric. Combine Group A ingredients and mix well with a homogenizer set at 2000-4000 rpm. Add Group B ingredients. During addition mix at 5000-7500 rpm; when addition is complete set mixing speed to 8000-10000 rpm. Do not let temperature rise above 40 C during mixing. After 30 minutes of mixing check particle size with Hegman gauge or glass slides. If the sample has an acceptable particle size (i.e. less than 30 microns), raise mixing speed to 7500-10000 rpm. Slowly add Part C. After 15 minutes of mixing at 5000-7500 rpm, raise the temperature slowly to 35-40 C. When the temperature has equilibrated, slowly add Part D. The mixing speed should be 5000-7500 rpm for 10 minutes. Slowly decrease temperature to 20 C-35 C, then raise mixing speed to 7500-10000 rpm. Add Part E at approximately 30-40 g/min, keeping the temperature at 45 C or less (ideally temperature should be from 20-40 C). After addition is complete mix at 5000 rpm-7500 rpm for about 10 minutes. Allow to reach ambient conditions and pour into appropriate container,
1Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate availabie as Dry Flo from National Starch. Combine Group A ingredients and mix well with a homogenizer set at 2000-4000 rpm. Add Group B ingredients. During addition mix at 5000-7500 rpm; when addition is complete set mixing speed to 8000-10000 rpm. Heat batch to 75 C-85 C during mixing. After 30 minutes of mixing check particle size with Hegman gauge or glass slides. If the sample has an acceptable particle size (i.e. less than 30 microns), mix in Part C at a mixing speed of 5000-7500 rpm. Keep Temperature in 75 C-85 C window and assist with hand mixing if necessary. When batch appears uniform, mill at a mixing speed of 8000-10000 rpm for 5 minutes. Add Group D and mix in at a speed of 5000-7500 rpm for 5-10 minutes, assisting with hand mixing if necessary. Add Group E and mix at 5000-7500 rpm for 10 minutes. Adjust temperature to 50-65 C window.
While Groups A-E are being batched, premix Trihydroxystearin in Cyclomethicone 245 at room temperature until lump free. Also premix Propylparaben in Laureth-7 at room temperature until lump free. Ensure batch (Groups A-E) is at 50-65 C, then add premixes. Mix at 5000-7500 rpm for 15-20 minutes. Keep temperature at 50-65 C When complete, cool to room temperature while mixing at 2000-4000 rpm. Once batch is at room temperature, add Group G. Pour into final container.
1Ethylene Acrylates Copolymer available as EA-209 from Kobo Products. Combine Group A ingredients and mix well with a homogenizer set at 2000-4000 rpm. Add Group B ingredients. During addition mix at 5000-7500 rpm, when addition is complete set mixing speed to 8000-10000 rpm. Do not let Temperature rise above 40 C during mixing. After 30 minutes of mixing check particle size with Hegman gauge or glass slides. If the sample has an acceptable particle size (i.e. less than 30 microns), mix in Part C at a mixing speed of 5000-7500 rpm. Keep Temperature in 20 C-40 C window. Assist with hand mixing. After 15 mins of mixing prepare to add Part D. Raise mixing speed to 5000-7500 rpm. Slowly add Part D, keeping the temperature at 45 C or less (ideally temperature should be in 20-40 C window). After addition is complete mix at 5000 rpm-7500 rpm for about 10 minutes. After 10 minutes allow to reach ambient conditions. Add Group E and mix at 5000-7500 rpm for about 15 minutes. Maintain batch at ambient conditions. When complete, pour into final container.
Additional wear or transfer resistant products which can be applied, e.g., by silk screen techniques such as described herein to provide films according the invention are described in PCT Application Nos. WO97/17058, published May 15, 1997 and WO96/33689, published Oct. 31, 1996 and U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,800,816 and 5,505,937.
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KgaaSilicone-containing cosmetic agent* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification424/401, 424/490, 424/485, 424/484, 424/486, 424/501, 424/63International ClassificationA61K8/00, A61Q1/12, A61K8/02, A61Q1/00, A61Q1/08, A61Q19/00, A61M35/00, A61K8/81, A61Q1/02, A61Q19/08Cooperative ClassificationA61K8/8152, A61Q1/08, A61K2800/43, A61K2800/26, A61M35/00, A61Q1/02, A61K2800/805, A61Q19/08European ClassificationA61K8/81K4, A61Q1/02Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionAug 16, 2001ASAssignmentOwner name: PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, THE, OHIOFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:YEN, HELEN SHU YING;RABE, THOMAS ELLIOT;LEPPLA, JEFFREY KEITH;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:011864/0506;SIGNING DATES FROM 20001108 TO 20001116Jun 22, 2006FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4Jul 2, 2010FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Jul 25, 2014FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services