Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6577786?dq=%22peter+l+basel%22+%22lsi+logic%22
Timestamp: 2016-10-25 15:43:56
Document Index: 515440062

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 60', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09', 'Application No. 09']

Patent US6577786 - Device and method for optical performance monitoring in an optical ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsAn optical performance monitoring device and corresponding diffraction grating are disclosed for utilization within a fiber optic communications network. The diffraction grating includes a substrate and reflective material adjacent the substrate, wherein the diffraction grating is substantially polarization...http://www.google.com/patents/US6577786?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6577786 - Device and method for optical performance monitoring in an optical communications networkAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS6577786 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/724,804Publication dateJun 10, 2003Filing dateNov 28, 2000Priority dateJun 2, 2000Fee statusLapsedAlso published asCA2410928A1, EP1312181A2, WO2001095540A2, WO2001095540A3Publication number09724804, 724804, US 6577786 B1, US 6577786B1, US-B1-6577786, US6577786 B1, US6577786B1InventorsGregory G. Cappiello, Michael Sussman, Mikhail N. SokolskiyOriginal AssigneeDigital Lightwave, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (60), Non-Patent Citations (15), Referenced by (17), Classifications (52), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetDevice and method for optical performance monitoring in an optical communications network
US 6577786 B1Abstract
An optical performance monitoring device and corresponding diffraction grating are disclosed for utilization within a fiber optic communications network. The diffraction grating includes a substrate and reflective material adjacent the substrate, wherein the diffraction grating is substantially polarization insensitive over a wavelength range of approximately 30 nm.
This patent application is related to and claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/208,478, filed Jun. 2, 2000; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/208,482, filed Jun. 2, 2000; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/208,477, filed Jun. 2, 2000; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/208,483, filed Jun. 2, 2000. This application is also related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/382,492, filed Aug. 25, 1999; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/545,826, filed Apr. 10, 2000; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/724,771, filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “ATHERMALIZATION AND PRESSURE DESENSITIZATION OF DIFFRACTION GRATING BASED ON WDM DEVICES”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/724,770 filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “ATHERMALIZATION AND PRESSURE DESENSITIZATION OF DIFFRACTION GRATING BASED WDM DEVICES”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/724,638 filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “ATHERMALIZATION AND PRESSURE DESENSITIZATION OF DIFFRACTION GRATING BASED SPECTROMETER DEVICES”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/724,604 filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “ATHERMALIZATION AND PRESSURE DESENSITIZATION OF DIFFRACTION GRATING BASED SPECTROMETER DEVICES”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/724,717 filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “OPTICAL PERFORMANCE MONITOR WITH OPTIMIZED FOCUS SPOT SIZE”; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/724,803 filed Nov. 28, 2000, entitled “DIFFRACTION GRATING FOR WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING/DEMULTIPLEXING DEVICES”. The above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
The present invention relates generally to monitoring optical signals, more particularly, to a spectrometer and corresponding diffraction grating having improved performance.
The telecommunications industry has grown significantly in recent years due to developments in technology, including the Internet, e-mail, cellular telephones, and fax machines. These technologies have become affordable to the average consumer such that the volume of traffic on telecommunications networks has grown significantly. Furthermore, as the Internet has evolved, more sophisticated applications have increased data volume being communicated across telecommunications networks.
Gmλ=n(sin (α)+sin (β))
where, G=1/d is the groove frequency in grooves per millimeter and d is the distance between adjacent grooves, m is the diffraction order, λ is the wavelength of light in millimeters, α is the incident angle with respect to the grating normal, β is the exiting angle with respect to the grating normal, and n is the refractive index of the medium above the grooves.
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to an optical device for monitoring operating conditions of a multiplexed optical signal in an optical communications network. The optical device includes a diffraction grating in optical communication with input ports of the optical device so as to diffract multiplexed optical signals received at the input port as a demultiplexed optical signal having a plurality of narrowband optical signals over a wavelength range of at least approximately 30 nm. Within the wavelength range the optical device is substantially polarization insensitive. The diffraction grating may be a blazed diffraction grating or a sinusoidal diffraction grating.
The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which embodiments of the present invention are shown.
An optics device may be described as being “polarization insensitive” if the power levels of the polarization states of one or more optical signals emitted from the device is the same as the power levels of polarization states of corresponding optical input signal(s) to the device. In other words, the device provides equal efficiency for both of the polarization states of the output optical signal (s) emitted from the device. Relatedly, a device is “substantially polarization insensitive” if the power levels of the polarization states of output optical signal(s) emitted from the device are within approximately 20% of the power levels of the corresponding polarization states of input optical signal(s) to the device.
Further, the term “apolarized” is used below in describing the various embodiments of the present invention as meaning a signal condition in which the power of the transverse electric polarization state TE is equal to the power of the transverse magnetic polarization state TM at a pertinent wavelength or set of wavelengths. The term “substantially apolarized” is used below as referring to a signal condition in which the power of the transverse electric polarization state TE and the power of the transverse magnetic polarization state TM are within about 20% of each other at a pertinent wavelength or set of wavelengths. The term “efficiency” used below refers to a characteristic of an optical device. In particular, “efficiency” is used to mean the gain/loss of an optical signal or signal component generated from the optical device, relative to an optical signal received thereat. Relatedly, “polarization dependent loss” or “PDL” refers to a characteristic of an optical device, and is used below to mean the maximum deviation in gain/loss across all input polarization states.
In accordance with the embodiments of the present invention, the grating profile of diffraction grating 1 is characterized to provide enhanced optical communication. The enhanced optical communication performance of diffraction grating 1 is based upon a certain combination of parameters which define the grating profile of diffraction grating 1. As shown in FIG. 1A and in accordance with an embodiment “A” of the present invention, diffraction grating 1 is a blazed grating type. The blaze angle of diffraction grating 1 is between about twenty-seven (27) and about thirty-nine (39) degrees. The number of grooves g per millimeter of diffraction grating 1 may be generally defined by the equation
750 � 50 —
300 � 40 —
600 � 40 —
200 � 20 —
250 � 30 —
In accordance with another embodiment of the present diffraction grating invention, FIG. 1B shows the profile of embodiment “B” of a diffraction grating 1 of the sinusoidal grating type. The groove depth d of diffraction grating 1 of embodiment B may be generally defined by the equation
In accordance with another embodiment of the present diffraction grating invention, FIG. 1A illustrates the profile of embodiment “C” of a diffraction grating 1 of the blazed grating type The blaze angle of diffraction grating 1 is between about thirty-seven (37) and about forty (40) degrees. The number of grooves G per millimeter of diffraction grating 1 may be generally defined by the equation
In accordance with another embodiment of the present diffraction grating invention, FIG. 3A shows the profile of embodiment “D” of a diffraction grating 1 of the blazed grating type. The blaze angle of embodiment D of diffraction grating 1 is between about forty-one (41) and about forty-four (44) degrees. The number of grooves G per millimeter of diffraction grating 1 may be generally defined by the equation
In accordance with another embodiment of the present diffraction grating invention, FIG. 3A shows the profile of embodiment “E” of a diffraction grating 1 of the blazed grating type. The blaze angle of embodiment E of diffraction grating 1 is between about sixty-eight (68) and about seventy-six (76) degrees. The number of grooves G per millimeter of embodiment E of diffraction grating 1 may be generally defined by the equation
In accordance with another embodiment of the present diffraction grating invention, FIG. 3A shows the profile of embodiment “F” of a diffraction grating 1 of the blazed grating type. The blaze angle of embodiment F of diffraction grating 1 is between about fifty (50) and about fifty-six (56) degrees. The number of grooves G per millimeter of embodiment F of diffraction grating 1 may be generally defined by the equation
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS4012843Dec 9, 1974Mar 22, 1977Hitachi, Ltd.Concave diffraction grating and a manufacturing method thereofUS4111524Apr 14, 1977Sep 5, 1978Bell Telephone Laboratories, IncorporatedWavelength division multiplexerUS4153330Dec 1, 1977May 8, 1979Bell Telephone Laboratories, IncorporatedSingle-mode wavelength division optical multiplexerUS4198117Dec 28, 1977Apr 15, 1980Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.Optical wavelength-division multiplexing and demultiplexing deviceUS4219933Jul 10, 1979Sep 2, 1980Hitachi, Ltd.Diffraction grating ruling engineUS4246338Mar 2, 1979Jan 20, 1981Kaplan Sam HAdditive color photographic film assembly with diffraction gratingUS4299488Nov 23, 1979Nov 10, 1981Bell Telephone Laboratories, IncorporatedTime-division multiplexed spectrometerUS4343532Jun 16, 1980Aug 10, 1982General Dynamics, Pomona DivisionDual directional wavelength demultiplexerUS4387955Feb 3, 1981Jun 14, 1983The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air ForceHolographic reflective grating multiplexer/demultiplexerUS4426130Feb 19, 1981Jan 17, 1984Rca CorporationSemi-thick transmissive and reflective sinusoidal phase grating structuresUS4652080Apr 5, 1985Mar 24, 1987Plessey Overseas LimitedOptical transmission systemsUS4736360Jul 21, 1986Apr 5, 1988Polaroid CorporationBulk optic echelon multi/demultiplexerUS4741588Aug 26, 1982May 3, 1988U.S. Philips CorporationOptical multiplexer and demultiplexerUS4846552Feb 9, 1988Jul 11, 1989The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air ForceMethod of fabricating high efficiency binary planar optical elementsUS4857726Feb 29, 1988Aug 15, 1989Allied-Signal Inc.Method to decode relative spectral dataUS4926412Feb 22, 1988May 15, 1990Physical Optics CorporationHigh channel density wavelength division multiplexer with defined diffracting means positioningUS4930855Jun 6, 1988Jun 5, 1990Trw Inc.Wavelength multiplexing of lasersUS5007708Jul 26, 1988Apr 16, 1991Georgia Tech Research CorporationTechnique for producing antireflection grating surfaces on dielectrics, semiconductors and metalsUS5026131Nov 13, 1989Jun 25, 1991Physical Optics CorporationHigh channel density, broad bandwidth wavelength division multiplexer with highly non-uniform Bragg-Littrow holographic gratingUS5061025Apr 13, 1990Oct 29, 1991Eastman Kodak CompanyHologon scanner with beam shaping stationary diffraction gratingUS5080465Feb 6, 1989Jan 14, 1992Instruments S.A.Diffraction grating and method of makingUS5085496Mar 28, 1990Feb 4, 1992Sharp Kabushiki KaishaOptical element and optical pickup device comprising itUS5216680Jul 11, 1991Jun 1, 1993Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas SystemOptical guided-mode resonance filterUS5233405Nov 6, 1991Aug 3, 1993Hewlett-Packard CompanyOptical spectrum analyzer having double-pass monochromatorUS5278687Apr 5, 1991Jan 11, 1994Physical Optics CorporationMultiwavelength data communication fiber linkUS5363220Jan 7, 1993Nov 8, 1994Canon Kabushiki KaishaDiffraction deviceUS5403040Mar 30, 1992Apr 4, 1995The Standard Register CompanyOptically variable and machine-readable device for use on security documentsUS5420719Sep 15, 1993May 30, 1995Lumonics Inc.Laser beam frequency doubling systemUS5422745Oct 30, 1992Jun 6, 1995The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The NavyPreparation of permanent photowritten optical diffraction gratings in irradiated glassesUS5450510Jun 9, 1994Sep 12, 1995Apa Optics, Inc.Wavelength division multiplexed optical modulator and multiplexing method using sameUS5450512Apr 5, 1994Sep 12, 1995Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Optical tapUS5457573Mar 10, 1994Oct 10, 1995Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Diffraction element and an optical multiplexing/demultiplexing device incorporating the sameUS5526155Nov 12, 1993Jun 11, 1996At&T Corp.High-density optical wavelength division multiplexingUS5555334Oct 7, 1994Sep 10, 1996Hitachi, Ltd.Optical transmission and receiving module and optical communication system using the sameUS5583683Jun 15, 1995Dec 10, 1996Optical Corporation Of AmericaOptical multiplexing deviceUS5748815Aug 28, 1996May 5, 1998France TelecomOptical component adapted to monitor a multiwavelength link and add-drop multiplexer using this component, application to optical networksUS5777763Jan 16, 1996Jul 7, 1998Bell Communications Research, Inc.In-line optical wavelength reference and control moduleUS5793912Dec 18, 1996Aug 11, 1998Apa Optics, Inc.Tunable receiver for a wavelength division multiplexing optical apparatus and methodUS5796479Mar 27, 1997Aug 18, 1998Hewlett-Packard CompanySignal monitoring apparatus for wavelength division multiplexed optical telecommunication networksUS5835458Mar 6, 1997Nov 10, 1998Gemfire CorporationSolid state optical data reader using an electric field for routing controlUS5907436Sep 29, 1995May 25, 1999The Regents Of The University Of CaliforniaMultilayer dielectric diffraction gratingsUS5912997Jun 16, 1997Jun 15, 1999Gemfire CorporationFrequency converter optical source for switched waveguideUS5914811Aug 30, 1996Jun 22, 1999University Of HoustonBirefringent grating polarizing beam splitterUS5937113Apr 17, 1998Aug 10, 1999National Research Council Of CanadaOptical grating-based device having a slab waveguide polarization compensating regionUS5946128Jul 27, 1998Aug 31, 1999The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of CommerceGrating assisted acousto-optic tunable filter and methodUS5970190Dec 2, 1997Oct 19, 1999Photonics Research OntarioGrating-in-etalon polarization insensitive wavelength division multiplexing devicesUS6002522Jun 10, 1997Dec 14, 1999Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaOptical functional element comprising photonic crystalUS20010046087Mar 23, 2001Nov 29, 2001John HooseOptical diffraction grating structure with reduced polarization sensitivityEP0297437A2Jun 23, 1988Jan 4, 1989Shimadzu CorporationFlexible replica grating and optical multiplexer/demultiplexer using itEP0323238A2Dec 28, 1988Jul 5, 1989Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Diffraction grating and manufacturing method thereofEP0540966A1Oct 26, 1992May 12, 1993Hewlett-Packard CompanyOptical spectrum analyzer having double-pass monochromatorEP0859249A1Feb 16, 1998Aug 19, 1998PhotoneticsOptical fiber wavelength multiplexer and demultiplexerEP1130422A1Jan 18, 2000Sep 5, 2001Acterna Eningen GmbHOptical reflection grating, method of optimizing such a grating and optical spectrometerWO1999041858A1Feb 10, 1999Aug 19, 1999Apa Optics, Inc.Multiplexer and demultiplexer for single mode optical fiber communication linksWO1999048197A2Mar 16, 1999Sep 23, 1999Trex Communications CorporationPiezoelectric difraction grating light steering deviceWO1999067609A1Jun 23, 1999Dec 29, 1999Ditech CorporationOptical network monitorWO2001007947A1Jul 26, 2000Feb 1, 2001Apa Optics, Inc.Multiplexer and demultiplexer for single mode optical fiber communication linksWO2001018577A1Aug 31, 2000Mar 15, 2001Zolo Technologies, Inc.Dense wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer based on echelle gratingWO2001073484A1Mar 26, 2001Oct 4, 2001Chromaplex, Inc.Optical diffraction grating structure with reduced polarization sensitivityWO2002006860A1Jul 11, 2001Jan 24, 2002Network Photonics, Inc.Diffraction grating with reduced polarization-dependent lossNon-Patent CitationsReference1Cappiello et al., Application No. 09/545,826, Apr. 10, 2000.2Cappiello et al., Application No. 09/724,770, Nov. 28, 2000.3Cappiello et al., Application No. 09/724,771, Nov. 28, 2000.4Cappiello et al., Application No. 09/724,803, Nov. 28, 2000.5Cappiello, Application No. 09/724,604, Nov. 28, 2000.6Cappiello, Application No. 09/724,638, Nov. 28, 2000.7Chua, et al., "Component Technology Enables High-Capacity DWDM Systems" Lightwave, Aug. 1998, pp. 64, 66, 68-69.8Garrett, et al. "Ultra-Wideband WDM Transmission Using Cascaded Chirped Fiber Gratings" AT&T Labs, Optical Fiber Communication, Optical Society of America, pp. PD15-1-PD15-3 No Date.9International Search Report, PCT/US01/17696, dated Nov. 6, 2002.10Laude, "Stable Monoblock Wavelength Division Multiplexers with Channel Spacings Down to 0.5 nm Usable as Practical Wavelength Reference Tools in Optical Fibre Communication Systems"; Pure and Applied Optics, Nov. 1994, pp. 963-974.11Patent Abstracts of Japan, Sep. 4, 1987, JP 62 200320 A, abstract.12Simova, et al., "A Complete System for Characterization of Spectrally Selective Fiber-Optic Devices" Part of the 18th Congress of the International Commission for Optics: Optics for the Next Millennium, SPIE vol. 3749, Aug. 1999, pp. 124-125.13Simova, et al., "Spectral Characterization and Chromatic Dispersion Measurements in Fiber Bragg Gratings for Dispersion Compression" IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, May 18-21, 1998, pp. 712-715.14Sussman et al., Application No. 09/724,717, Nov. 28, 2000.15Wade, Application No. 09/382,492, Aug. 25, 1999.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6859317 *Nov 28, 2000Feb 22, 2005Confluent Photonics CorporationDiffraction grating for wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing devicesUS7044444Feb 4, 2004May 16, 2006Mann & Hummel GmbhActuator element with position detectionUS7315370Dec 1, 2003Jan 1, 2008Measurement Microsystems A-Z Inc.Flash optical performance monitorUS7342659Jan 17, 2006Mar 11, 2008Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.Cross-dispersed spectrometer in a spectral domain optical coherence tomography systemUS7456957Aug 3, 2005Nov 25, 2008Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.Littrow spectrometer and a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system with a Littrow spectrometerUS8111988 *Jun 10, 2008Feb 7, 2012Lockheed Martin CorporationMethod for monitoring wavelength-division multiplexed signalUS8531646 *Sep 11, 2008Sep 10, 2013Kent State UniversityTunable liquid crystal devices, devices using same, and methods of making and using sameUS8548320Nov 10, 2011Oct 1, 2013Lockheed Martin CorporationMethod for monitoring wavelength-division multiplexed signalUS20040165886 *Dec 1, 2003Aug 26, 2004Andrzcj BarwiczFlash optical performance monitorUS20040189284 *Feb 4, 2004Sep 30, 2004Mann & Hummel GmbhActuator element with position detectionUS20040196556 *Feb 5, 2004Oct 7, 2004Cappiello Gregory G.Diffraction grating for wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing devicesUS20060018597 *Jul 22, 2005Jan 26, 2006Sioptical, Inc.Liquid crystal grating couplingUS20060164639 *Jan 17, 2006Jul 27, 2006Horn Jochen M MCross-dispersed spectrometer in a spectral domain optical coherence tomography systemUS20070030483 *Aug 3, 2005Feb 8, 2007Everett Matthew JLittrow spectrometer and a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system with a littrow spectrometerUS20090073331 *Sep 11, 2008Mar 19, 2009Lei ShiTunable liquid crystal devices, devices using same, and methods of making and using sameUS20120315048 *Dec 13, 2012Andrew, LlcMobile location in a remote radio head environmentUS20140086579 *Sep 27, 2012Mar 27, 2014Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. LtdOptical coupling system, an optical communications module that incorporates the optical coupling system, and a method of using the optical coupling system* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification385/24International ClassificationH04B10/213, G01J3/02, G02B6/34, G02B5/18, G02B7/02, H04B10/08, G01J3/28, G01J3/18, G02B27/10, G01J3/14, H04J14/02, G02B7/00Cooperative ClassificationG02B5/18, G02B27/108, G02B27/123, G02B6/4215, H04B10/077, G01J3/2803, G02B6/2931, G02B6/29385, G01J3/18, G01J3/02, G02B27/1086, G02B27/126, G02B7/028, G01J3/0208, H04J14/0201, H04B10/07955, G02B6/29397, G01J3/14, H04J14/02, G02B7/008European ClassificationH04B10/07955, H04B10/077, G02B27/10Z, G02B27/12L, G02B27/12P, G02B27/10S, G01J3/02B1, G01J3/18, G01J3/14, H04J14/02, G01J3/02, G01J3/28B, G02B5/18, G02B7/02T, G02B7/00T, G02B6/42C3W, G02B6/293D2R, G02B6/293W12, G02B6/293W2B4Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMay 7, 2001ASAssignmentOwner name: LIGHTCHIP, INC., NEW HAMPSHIREFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CAPPIELLO, GREGORY G.;SUSSMAN, MICHAEL;SOKOLSKIY, MIKHAIL N.;REEL/FRAME:011784/0151;SIGNING DATES FROM 20010323 TO 20010417Feb 6, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: DIGITAL LIGHTWAVE, INC., FLORIDAFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIGHTCHIP, INC.;REEL/FRAME:013729/0297Effective date: 20021011Dec 27, 2006REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedJun 10, 2007LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesJul 31, 2007FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20070610RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services