Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US20070282070
Timestamp: 2018-07-20 06:35:33
Document Index: 190639059

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US20070282070A1 - Highly productive coating composition for automotive refinishing - Google Patents
Highly productive coating composition for automotive refinishing Download PDF
US20070282070A1
US20070282070A1 US11804048 US80404807A US2007282070A1 US 20070282070 A1 US20070282070 A1 US 20070282070A1 US 11804048 US11804048 US 11804048 US 80404807 A US80404807 A US 80404807A US 2007282070 A1 US2007282070 A1 US 2007282070A1
US11804048
US7737243B2 (en )
One approach that has been used to improve the initial film hardness (i.e., film Tg) of a clearcoat composition involves replacing a portion of the conventional polyisocyanate crosslinking agent such as hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) trimer with a relatively hard or rigid material such as isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) trimer. Unfortunately, IPDI has a much slower curing rate than that of HDI. Consequently, much of the IPDI does not get crosslinked and incorporated into the crossl inked coating film, and the Tg of the coating is not significantly raised.
When dried at ambient temperatures or slightly elevated temperatures (such as 40° C. to 100° C.), the coating film produced therefrom exhibits a rapid dry-to-touch (dust-free) time and a much improved initial processability, resulting in a hard, tough film that is sandable and buffable shortly after application. The use of this technology reduces the processing time of similar coatings using conventional isocyanates by 20 to 40 minutes.
The polyisocyanate trimers, which are described in more detail hereinbelow, can be prepared from diisocyanate or triisocyanate monomers, preferably diisocyanate monomers. These products are commercially available under the Desmodur® trademark from Bayer and consist mainly of isocyanurate oligomers of a diisocyanate.
c) 0.01 to 0.15 moles of urea and/or biuret forming agents for each equivalent of isocyanate groups in the isocyanate trimers at a temperature of 50 to 180° C.
Polyisocyanate trimers containing isocyanurate groups and methods and catalysts for their preparation are known and may be prepared in accordance with the process and catalysts described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,324,879, herein incorporated by reference. Even though this reference is limited to the use of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, any aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer may be prepared. In the present invention, these trimers are generally preferred as the starting materials. Typically useful examples of such polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate groups are those formed from any of the conventional aliphatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates that are listed below. Preferred aliphatic trimers are those prepared from 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate which is sold under the tradename Desmodur® N-3300. Preferred cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimers are those prepared from isophorone diisocyanate which is sold under the tradename Desmodur® Z-4470.
Starting isocyanate trimers containing iminooxadiazine dione and optionally isocyanurate groups are also known and may be prepared in the presence of special fluorine-containing catalysts as described in U.S. Pat, Nos. 5,914,383, 6,107,484 and 6,090,939, herein incorporated by reference.
To prepare the polyisocyanate adduct mixtures according to the present invention the starting polyisocyanate trimers are reacted preferably in the presence of water as a biuretizing agent, optionally in an admixture with other known biuretizing agents. The other known biuretizing agents may be present in amounts of up to 50 mole percent, preferably up to 20 mole percent, based on the total moles of biuretizing agent. Most preferably water is used as the sole biuretizing agent. Suitable processes are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,124,605 and 3,903,127, the disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference. The biuretizing agent is used in an amount sufficient to provide 0.01 to 0.15 moles, preferably 0.025 to 0.12 moles and more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 moles of biuretizing agent for each equivalent of isocyanate groups in the starting isocyanate trimers. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50 to 180° C., preferably 60 to 160° C. and more preferably 70 to 140° C., until all of the biuretizing agent has reacted.
Typically useful acrylic polymers include acrylic polyols having a weight average molecular weight in the range from 2,000 to 50,000, preferably 3,000 to 20,000 and a Tg preferably in the range of 0° C. to 80° C., which are made from typical monomers such as acrylates, methacrylates, styrene and the like and functional monomers such as hydroxy ethyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, or gamma methacryloyl propyl trimethoxy silane, t-butyl amino ethyl methacrylate, and the like. The details of acrylic polymers suitable for use in this invention are provided in Lamb et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,286,782 issued Feb. 15, 1994, herein incorporated by reference.
The polyisocyanate curing agent used in the coating composition is the polyisocyanate adduct mixture described above. The polyisocyanate is generally provided in an effective amount to rapidly cure the coating under ambient conditions (about 20° C.). The isocyanate reactive and polyisocyanate components, respectively, are preferably employed in an equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to hydroxyl groups of 0.5/1 to 3.0/1, more preferably 0.8/1 to 2.0/1. As described above, the polyisocyanate may be blocked or unblocked.
Any of the conventional aromatic, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, diisocyanates, trifunctional isocyanates and isocyanate functional adducts of a polyol and a diisocyanate can be used. Typically useful diisocyanates include those listed above, such as 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4′-biphenylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, bis-cyclohexyl diisocyanate, tetramethylene xylene diisocyanate, ethyl ethylene diisocyanate, 2,3-dimethyl ethylene diisocyanate, 1-methyltrimethylene diisocyanate, 1,3-cyclopenthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, bis-(4-isocyanatocyclohexyl)-methane, diisocyanatodiphenyl ether and the like. Typical trifunctional isocyanates that can be used are triphenylmethane triisocyanate, 1,3,5-benzene triisocyanate, 2,4,6-toluene triisocyanate and the like. Trimers of diisocyanates can also be used such as the trimer of hexamethylene diisocyanate which is sold under the tradename Desmodur® N-3390, as well as any of the other trimers listed above. Isocyanate functional adducts can be used that are formed from an organic polyisocyanate and a polyol. Any of the aforementioned polyisocyanates can be used with a polyol to form the adduct. Polyols such as trimethylol alkanes like trimethylol propane or ethane can be used. One useful adduct is the reaction product of tetramethylxylidene diisocyanate and trimethylol propane and is sold under the tradename of Cythane® 3160.
In the application of the coating composition as a clear coating to a vehicle such as an automobile or a truck, the basecoat which may be either a solvent based composition or a waterborne composition is first applied and then dried to at least remove solvent or water before the clear coating is applied usually by conventional spraying. Electrostatic spraying may also be used. The dry film thickness of the clear coating is about 0.5 mils to 5 mils. The clear coating is dried at ambient temperatures generally in less than 5 minutes to a tack and dust free state. Moderately higher temperatures up to about 40° C. also can be used. As soon as the clear coating is sufficiently cured to be dust free and tack free the vehicle can be moved from the work area to allow for the refinishing of another vehicle.
Coating compositions of this invention can be applied by conventional techniques such as spraying, electrostatic spraying, dipping, brushing, flowcoating and the like. The preferred techniques are spraying and electrostatic spraying. In refinish applications, the composition is generally dried and cured at ambient temperatures but can be forced dried at elevated temperatures of 40° C. to 100° C. for about 5 to 30 minutes. For O.E.M. (original equipment manufacture) applications, the composition is typically baked at 100° C. to 150° C. for about 15 to 30 minutes to form a coating about 0.1 to 3.0 mils thick. When the composition is used as a clearcoat, it is applied over the color coat, which may be dried to a tack-free state and cured, or preferably flash dried for a short period before the clearcoat is applied. The color coat/clearcoat finish is then baked as mentioned above to provide a dried and cured finish. The present invention is also applicable to non-baking refinish systems, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
A 3-liter 3-necked flask equipped with a cold water condenser, thermocouple, heating mantle, mechanical stirrer and nitrogen inlet was charged with 539 parts (2.79 eq) of an HDI trimer (Polyisocyanate 3300), 770 parts (2.18 eq) of an IPDI trimer (Polyisocyanate 4470), and 488 parts of n-butyl acetate (BA). The mixture was stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen blanket until homogenous. 5.91 grams (0.99 eq) of distilled water and 0.54 grams of dibutyl phosphate (500 ppm of catalyst, based on polyisocyanate solids) were then added to the flask and the reaction mixture was heated to 140° C. After 8 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting product had an NCO content of 9.57% (determined by potentiometric titration and a viscosity of 158 cps at 60% weight solids in BA (determined on a Brookfield RS Rheometer at 25° C., 100 shear rate, for 4 minutes with a C50-1 spindle).
Examples 2-18 were prepared by the same method as Example 1 with the exception that in Examples 2-17 the reaction temperature varied between 120° C. to 140° C. and the reaction time varied between 8 to 9 hours and in Example 18 the reaction temperature varied between 100° C. to 110° C. and the reaction time was 10 hours. Details of Examples 1-18 are set forth in Table 1.
Polyisocyanate A 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300
Polyisocyanate B 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470
A/B solids ratio 1/1 1/2 1/3 1/3.7 1/4 1/4.3 2/1 1/1 1/2
Polyisocyanate A, parts 539 360 150 492 420 439.5 700 200 130
Polyisocyanate A, eq 2.79 1.87 0.78 2.55 2.18 2.28 3.63 1.04 0.67
Polyisocyanate B, parts 770 1028.6 643 2600 2400 2700 500 285.7 371
Polyisocyanate B, eq 2.18 2.91 1.82 7.37 6.80 7.65 1.42 0.81 1.05
Butyl Acetate, parts 488 411.4 207 211 196 190 550 181.3 149
% Solids 60 60 60 70 70 70 60 60 60
Water, parts 5.91 5.85 3.26 12.58 11.25 12.66 5.85 2.78 2.65
Water, eq 0.99 0.98 0.54 2.10 1.88 2.11 0.98 0.46 0.44
Catalyst, parts 0.54 0.54 0.30 1.55 1.57 0.53 0.53 0.20 0.20
% NCO 9.57 9.01 9.20 10.01 9.94 9.90 9.91 9.33 9.67
Viscosity 158 247 46 3951 4058 5106 117 299 1528
Polyisocyanate A 3300 3600 2294 2294 2294 2294 2294 2294 2294
Polyisocyanate B 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 4470 —
A/B solids ratio 2/1 1/4 1/1 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/4 2/1 —
Polyisocyanate A, parts 267 402.5 530 350 175 245 385 350 108
Polyisocyanate A, eq 1.38 2.20 2.90 1.91 0.96 1.34 2.10 1.91 267.69
Polyisocyanate B, parts 190 2300 757 1000 750 1400 2200 250 —
Polyisocyanate B, eq 0.54 6.52 6.21 2.83 2.12 3.97 6.23 0.71
Butyl Acetate, parts 210 178 473.4 393.8 242 397 165 271.6 12
% Solids 60 70 60 60 60 60 70 60 90
Water, parts 2.84 10.96 6.60 6.20 4.05 6.93 11.44 3.43 0.77
Water, eq 0.47 1.83 1.10 1.03 0.68 1.16 1.91 0.57 58.21
Catalyst, parts 0.20 1.35 0.53 0.53 0.35 0.63 1.30 0.27 0.05
% NCO 9.44 10.19 10.06 9.31 8.96 8.90 10.01 10.39 17.32
Viscosity 259 3405 126 194 326 327 2268 89 3231
The ingredients for each example in table 2 of part 1 were combined and then the mixed ingredients of part 2 was added with mixing. Each clearcoat was then sprayed on basecoated (coated with Chroma System basecoat, available from DuPont®) hoods by a spray expert. Both systems applied well and had good appearance. Sanding and rating of the sample was done by an applications expert and was performed with commercially available 3M® brand 1500 grit microfinish sandpaper. The sanding performance of comparative example A was just below commercially acceptable, meaning that it was difficult to sand at 90 minutes and it had a tough feel when it was sanded. The coating of example 19 was sanded at 85 minutes and it was of commercial quality, with no tough feel.
Part Ingredients Example A 19
1 ChromaClear ® G2-4700S1 361.5 361.5
ChromaPremier ® Reducer 123751 196.1 106.1
2% DBTDL in ethyl acetate 1.33
2 ChromaClear ® G2-4508S medium 132.3
temperature activator1
Desmodur N 33002 84.91
Example 15 35.6
Methyl amyl ketone 15.6
Exxate 600 ®3 15.6
1Available from DuPont ®, Wilmington, DE
2Available from Bayer Material Science ®, Pittsburgh, PA
3Available from Exxon ®
All the ingredients in table 3 of part 1 were combined and all the ingredients of part 2 were combined, then part 2 was added to part 1 with mixing. A spray expert sprayed each of the primers onto electrocoated hoods at 76° F. Three coats of each of the primers was applied to a film build of 5 mils. All three primers sprayed well. The primers were allowed to cure for 1.5 hours then they were sanded. The results of the sanding are given in Table 4.
Part Ingredients B 20 21
1 ChromaPremier ® 812.2 812.2 812.2
32430S ™ 1
ChromaPremier 86.4 86.4 86.4
Reducer 12375S 1
2 Methyl amyl ketone 19.2 18.9 18.9
Desmodur Z 4470 BA 2 7.1
N-Pentyl propianate 3.8 3.8 3.8
ChromaPremier ® 11.8 11.8 11.8
Reducer 12375 1
Example 11 8.9
Example 5 8.9
Example 18 59.3 57.9 57.9
10% Dibutyl tin .24 .24 .24
dilaurate in methyl
1 Available from DuPont ®, Wilmington, DE
2 Available from Bayer MaterialScience ®, Pittsburgh, PA
Hand sanding was done with dry P400 grit sandpaper.
4—substantial clogging
4+—less clogging than a 4 rating
6—loading, but no clogging
7—no clogging no loading
Comparative B Example 20 Example 21
Hand sand Grabby - clogged Not grabby, Not grabby,
slight clog little clog
Sand through, 4- not commercial 4+ better not 6 - commercial
Wear index commercial
To a 2-liter flask fitted with an agitator, water condenser, thermocouple, nitrogen inlet, heating mantle, and addition pumps and ports was added 305.3 g. xylene which was agitated and heated to reflux temperature (137° C. to 142° C.). A monomer mixture comprising of 106.1 grams styrene, 141.4 grams methyl methacrylate, 318.3 grams isobutyl methacrylate, 141.4 grams hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 10.4 grams xylene was then added to the flask via the addition pumps and ports simultaneously with an initiator mixture comprising 17.0 grams t-butyl peracetate and 85.2 grams xylene. The monomer mixture was added over 180 minutes and the addition time for the initiator mixture was also 180 minutes. The batch was held at reflux (137° C. to 142° C.) throughout the polymerization process. An initiator mixture comprising of 4.3 g t-butyl peracetate and 57.8 grams methyl ethyl ketone was then immediately added to the reaction mixture over 60 minutes and the batch was subsequently held at reflux for 60 minutes. The batch was then cooled to below 90° C. and 13.0 grams of methyl ethyl ketone were added. The resulting polymer solution has weight solids of 60% and viscosity of 14,400 cps. The number average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer was 5,000 and weight average molecular weight was 11,000, as determined by gel permeation chromatography (polystyrene standard).
A 2-liter flask equipped with an agitator, water condenser, thermocouple, nitrogen inlet, heating mantle, and addition pumps and ports was added 200 grams methyl amyl ketone, 136 grams pentaerythritol, 4.27 grams 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrenel1, 3.14 grams tetraethylammonium bromide, and 490.2 grams of a methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride/hexahydrophthalic anhydride blend2. The mixture was heated to 140° C. Over a two-hour period, 253.22 grams of butylene oxide was added while maintaining the reaction at 140° C. The reaction was held at 140° C. until the acid number was below 2.0.
(1) Available from Sanko Chemical Company® as Sanko HCA.
(2) Available from Milliken Chemical Company® as Milldride MHHPA.
The clearcoat was prepared as follows: The components of Part 1 were mixed and were added to the previously mixed components of Part 2. The compositions were sprayed onto basecoated (coated with Chroma System basecoat, available from DuPont) hoods by an application expert and were allowed to air-dry at ambient conditions for 90 minutes before testing the attributes.
Example C ple 22 ple 23 ple 24
Hydroxy-Functional 42.70 42.53 42.51 42.52
Acrylic Copolymer #1
Methyl N-amyl ketone 4.00 4.00 4.01 4.00
Acetone 20.99 22.62 22.75 22.82
Methyl isobutyl ketone 5.92 5.92 5.92 5.92
Toluene 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26
Polyester #1 1.30 1.30 1.29 1.29
Tinuvin 384-2 1 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39
Tinuvin 292 1 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37
BYK-358 2 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28
BYK-306 2 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24
10% triethylene 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22
diamine in Xylene
Glacial Acetic Acid 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
2% dibutyl tin 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79
dilaurate in
Desmodur N3300A 3 9.23 9.12 9.14 9.13
Butyl Acetate 6.17 4.51 4.39 4.32
Xylene 2.80 2.80 2.80 2.80
Exxate 600 4 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11
Desmodur Z 4470 BA 3 1.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
Example #16 1.45 0.00 0.00
Example #5 1.45 0.00
Example #11 1.45
1 Available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals ®
2 Available from BYK Chemie ®
3 Available from Bayer MaterialScience ®, Pittsburgh, PA
4 Available from Exxon ®
Print rating provided by application specialist and is an assessment of the severity of the finger print damage after thumb pressure is applied by a spray expert to the coating.
4—deep print mark that is very slow to heal
5—just commercial—some print mark—heals faster (than for a 4 rating)
6—very little print mark, heals very quickly
Scale: 4—not commercial, surface exhibits resistance to sanding—not smooth
5—just commercial, easier sanding—less resistance
6—even easier sanding—
Scale: 4—not commercial, difficult to remove sand scratches, and/or severe marring of surface
5—just commercial, sand scratches easier to remove, less marring
6—even easier removal of sand scratches, very little if any marring
Example C Example 22 Example 23 4.5 (just
4+ (not 5 4.5 (just below below
Print (60 min) commercial) (commercial) commercial) commercial)
Time before sand/buff 90 90 90 90
Sand 6- 6 6 6
Buff 6 6- 6 6.5
Comments fast scratch Fair scratch fair scratch good scratch
removal; removal removal- removal
Tape print print mark initial print initial print initial print
never healed mark, but mark, but mark, but
healed healed healed
1. A urea- and/or biuret-containing polyisocyanate adduct mixture comprising the reaction product of;
c) a urea- and/or biuret-forming agent.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ratio of said non-cycloaliphatic to cycloaliphatic and/or aromatic isocyanurate trimer is in the range of from 3:1 to 1:10 and the reaction product has a molecular weight average of from 500 to 3000 and an isocyanate functionality of at least 4.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said aliphatic isocyanate trimer is prepared from hexamethylene diisocyanate.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein said cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer is prepared from isophorone diisocyanate.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein said polyisocyanate adduct has an average molecular weight of between 500 to 3000 and an average isocyanate functionality of at least 4.
6. The composition of claim 1, wherein said reaction is conducted at a temperature of between 50° C. and 180° C.
wherein said crosslinkable binder has functional groups that are crosslinkable with b) and said crosslinking component comprises a polyisocyanate adduct mixture which is the reaction product of at least one aliphatic isocyanate trimer and at least one cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer with a polyisocyanate adduct forming agent.
8. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein the mole ratio of said aliphatic isocyanate trimer to said cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer is in the range of from3:1 to 1:10.
9. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said crosslinking composition has an isocyanate functionality of at least 4.
10. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said crosslinking composition has a molecular weight of 500 to 3000.
11. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said aliphatic isocyanate trimer is the isocyanurate of hexamethylene diisocyanate.
12. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer is the isocyanurate of isophorone diisocyanate.
13. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a solvent borne or a waterborne primer.
14. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a solvent borne or a waterborne primer/surfacer.
15. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a pigmented solvent borne and/or waterborne basecoat used in a basecoat/clearcoat paint system.
16. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a clearcoat in a solvent borne and/or waterborne basecoat/clearcoat paint system.
17. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a solvent borne or waterborne single stage paint system.
18. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a waterborne coating composition.
19. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a solvent borne coating composition.
20. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is a powder coating.
21. The coating composition of claim 7 wherein said coating composition is suitable for the production of the basecoat or clearcoat or undercoat in a clearcoat/color coat finish for automobiles and trucks.
22. A substrate coated with a dried cured layer of the coating composition of claim 7.
23. An automotive substrate coated with a dried cured multi-layer coating, wherein at least one of the dried cured coating layers is the coating composition of claim 7.
24. A process for preparing a urea- and/or biuret- containing polyisocyanate adduct mixture having a functionality of at least 4 which comprises reacting an aliphatic isocyanate trimer and a cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer; wherein each of said aliphatic isocyanate trimer and cycloaliphatic isocyanate trimer has an average isocyanate functionality of at least 2.8; and contain at least 50 mole percent of isocyanurate and/or iminooxadiazine dione groups, based on the total moles of isocyanate adduct groups present in said isocyanate trimers, with 0.01 to 0.15 moles of water for each equivalent of isocyanate groups in the isocyanate trimers at a temperature of 50 to 180° C. to incorporate urea- and/or biuret- groups into the polyisocyanate adduct mixture.
US11804048 2006-05-16 2007-05-16 Highly productive coating composition for automotive refinishing Active 2027-07-17 US7737243B2 (en)
US80080706 true 2006-05-16 2006-05-16
US11804048 US7737243B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2007-05-16 Highly productive coating composition for automotive refinishing
US20070282070A1 true true US20070282070A1 (en) 2007-12-06
US7737243B2 US7737243B2 (en) 2010-06-15
US11804048 Active 2027-07-17 US7737243B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2007-05-16 Highly productive coating composition for automotive refinishing
WO (1) WO2007136645A3 (en)
US20140288218A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2014-09-25 Kia Motors Corporation Scratch self-recovering paint composition
CA2255717A1 (en) 1996-05-17 1997-11-27 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Mar-resistant oligomeric-based coatings
EP0998507A1 (en) 1997-07-24 2000-05-10 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Oligomeric epoxy/isocyanate systems
WO2007136645A2 (en) 2007-11-29 application
US7737243B2 (en) 2010-06-15 grant
CN101490123A (en) 2009-07-22 application
CN101490123B (en) 2012-06-27 grant
WO2007136645A3 (en) 2008-01-24 application
CA2652660A1 (en) 2007-11-29 application
EP2024455A2 (en) 2009-02-18 application
EP2024455B1 (en) 2018-04-04 grant
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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ADAMS, JEROME T.;MAGER, DIETER;SHAFFER, MYRON W.;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070629 TO 20070723;REEL/FRAME:019753/0128
Owner name: BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT,GERMANY
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