Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN100511712C/en
Timestamp: 2020-04-05 08:30:30
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CN100511712C - Thin film transistor, semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Thin film transistor, semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF
CN100511712C
CN100511712C CNB2005100547137A CN200510054713A CN100511712C CN 100511712 C CN100511712 C CN 100511712C CN B2005100547137 A CNB2005100547137 A CN B2005100547137A CN 200510054713 A CN200510054713 A CN 200510054713A CN 100511712 C CN100511712 C CN 100511712C
CNB2005100547137A
CN1667840A (en
2004-03-12 Priority to JP2004071793 priority Critical
2004-03-12 Priority to JP71793/04 priority
2005-03-14 Application filed by 株式会社半导体能源研究所 filed Critical 株式会社半导体能源研究所
2005-09-14 Publication of CN1667840A publication Critical patent/CN1667840A/en
2009-07-08 Publication of CN100511712C publication Critical patent/CN100511712C/en
A semiconductor element is operated without being affected even when the substrate is largely affected by heat shrink such as a large substrate. Furthermore, a thin film semiconductor circuit and a thin film semiconductor device each having the semiconductor element. Also, a semiconductor element is operated without being affected even if there is slight mask deviation. In view of them, a plurality of gate electrodes formed so as to overlap a lower concentration impurity region of a semiconductor layer than drain regions on a drain region side. Also, source regions and the drain regions corresponding to the respective gate electrodes are formed so that current flows in opposite directions each other through channel regions corresponding to the gate electrodes. Further, the number of the channel regions in which a current flows in a first direction is equal to the number of the channel regions in which a current flows in a direction opposite to the first direction.
Thin-film transistor, semiconductor device and manufacture method thereof
The present invention relates to a kind of thin-film component that is formed on the glass substrate, also relate to the glass substrate that has formed thin-film component on it.
It is lower that glass substrate and quartz substrate are compared cost, is easy to form large scale.Glass substrate is through being usually used in the substrate of flat-panel monitor etc.
Yet therefore low the and easy heat damage of the heat distortion temperture of glass substrate exists many restrictions in the process of formation thin film semiconductor on glass substrate.Given this, when on glass substrate, forming polysilicon, adopt the technology of using laser crystallization, made substrate too not be heated.
Yet, must be heated to substrate to a certain degree, for example, with activator impurity.Therefore, as patent specification 1 and patent specification 2 are disclosed, various countermeasures have been designed to alleviate thermal contraction.
[patent document 1]: the Japan Patent spy opens No.2002-175984
[patent document 2]: the Japan Patent spy opens No.2003-335547
Along with the reduction of cost and the increase of display size, the size of glass substrate increases gradually, thereby causes by the considerable substrate distortion due to the thermal contraction.Therefore need further countermeasure.
In addition, along with reducing of design rule, it is littler that the leeway accepted of mask misalignment also becomes.Therefore, even the mask alignment precision is very high, sometimes still can cause deviation owing to misalignment or substrate distortion.
In view of foregoing problems, the invention provides a kind of semiconductor element, even form this element on such as the great substrate of the effect of contraction that is heated of large-sized substrate, its work is also unaffected.In addition, the invention provides thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that all contains this semiconductor element.
In addition,, provide a kind of semiconductor element, even the work of this element is also unaffected when slight mask misalignment occurring according to the present invention.In addition, the invention provides thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that all contains this semiconductor element.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a plurality of gate electrodes, formed gate electrode covers on the low concentration impurity zone of semiconductor layer, and this regional impurity concentration is lower than the drain region on the side of drain region.Also formed source region corresponding and drain region, made electric current flow through and the corresponding channel region of gate electrode with mutually opposite direction with each gate electrode.In addition, electric current equates with the channel region number that second direction flows through with electric current with the channel region number that first direction flows through.
According to another aspect of the present invention, thin-film transistor comprise a plurality ofly be formed on gate electrode on the semiconductor layer, with the corresponding channel region of these gate electrodes and be formed in the semiconductor layer and corresponding source region of each gate electrode and drain region, described source region and drain region comprise a kind of impurity element of conduction type.In addition, this semiconductor layer comprises the zone that impurity concentration is lower than the drain region at the part place of leaking side and gate electrode.In addition, when the direction that electric current is flow through one of them channel region called reference direction, electric current equated with the channel region number that the direction opposite with reference direction flows through with electric current with the channel region number that reference direction flows through.
According to another aspect of the present invention, thin-film transistor comprises a plurality of gate electrodes of being formed on a plurality of semiconductor layers, with the corresponding channel region of gate electrode and be formed in these a plurality of semiconductor layers and corresponding source region of each gate electrode and drain region, described source region and drain region comprise a kind of impurity element of conduction type.In addition, these a plurality of semiconductor layers comprise the zone that impurity concentration is lower than the drain region at the part place of leaking side and gate electrode.In addition, when the direction that electric current is flow through one of them channel region was called reference direction, electric current equated with the channel region number that the direction opposite with reference direction flows through with electric current with the channel region number that reference direction flows through.
According to another aspect of the present invention, thin-film transistor comprises the even number gate electrode that is formed on the semiconductor layer, with the corresponding channel region of each gate electrode and be formed in the semiconductor layer and corresponding source region of each gate electrode and drain region, described source region and drain region comprise a kind of impurity element of conduction type.In addition, this semiconductor layer comprises the zone that impurity concentration is lower than the drain region at the part place of leaking side and gate electrode.In addition, when the direction that electric current is flow through one of them channel region was called reference direction, electric current equated with the channel region number that the direction opposite with reference direction flows through with electric current with the channel region number that reference direction flows through.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of semiconductor device that comprises the first transistor and transistor seconds is provided, and wherein the first transistor and transistor seconds comprise semiconductor layer respectively, are used to cover the gate insulating film of semiconductor layer and are formed on gate electrode on the gate insulating film.In addition, this semiconductor layer doped p type or n type impurity element.In addition, the source region of the source region of the first transistor and transistor seconds is electrically connected mutually.According to identical mode, two transistorized drain regions and gate electrode are electrically connected mutually.In addition, gate electrode forms thereon semiconductor layer and comprises the zone that channel region and impurity concentration are lower than the drain region at least.In addition, electric current flows through this two transistors with the direction that is parallel to each other, the width of these two transistors gate electrode separately is identical, be of similar shape with the part of the semiconductor layer of two transistorized gate electrode, and the direction that two crystal intraductal electric currents flow through is opposite each other.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of semiconductor device that comprises the first transistor and transistor seconds, and the first transistor and transistor seconds comprise semiconductor layer respectively, cover the gate insulating film of semiconductor layer and are formed on gate electrode on the gate insulating film.In addition, this semiconductor layer is with the first doped in concentrations profiled p type or n type impurity element.In addition, gate electrode forms semiconductor layer on it and comprises the zone that channel region and impurity concentration are lower than the first concentration district at least.In addition, two transistorized inputs are all connected up from first and are exported second to and connect up, and are electrically connected each gate electrode between two transistors.In addition, electric current flows through this two transistors with the direction that is parallel to each other, the width of these two transistorized gate electrodes separately is identical, be of similar shape with the part of the semiconductor layer of two transistorized gate electrode, and the direction that two crystal intraductal electric currents flow through is opposite each other.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of semiconductor device that comprises the first transistor and transistor seconds, and the first transistor and transistor seconds comprise semiconductor layer respectively, are used to cover the gate insulating film of semiconductor layer and are formed on gate electrode on the gate insulating film.In addition, this semiconductor layer with first doped in concentrations profiled p type or n type impurity element.In addition, gate electrode forms thereon semiconductor layer and comprises the zone that channel region and impurity concentration are lower than first concentration range at least.In addition, the source region of the first transistor and the parasitic capacitance between the gate electrode equal the drain region of transistor seconds and the parasitic capacitance between the gate electrode.In addition, electric current flows through this two transistors with the direction that is parallel to each other, the width of these two transistors gate electrode separately is identical, be of similar shape with the part of the semiconductor layer of two transistorized gate electrode, and the direction that two crystal intraductal electric currents flow through is opposite each other.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of a plurality of transistorized transistors that comprise are provided, in these a plurality of transistors each comprises semiconductor layer, dielectric film and gate electrode, and these a plurality of transistorized gate electrodes are electrically connected mutually, each gate electrode comprises ground floor gate electrode and second layer gate electrode, these a plurality of transistorized drain regions are electrically connected mutually, these a plurality of transistorized source regions are electrically connected mutually, and these a plurality of transistors comprise electric current and flow through the transistor of raceway groove and electric current flows through raceway groove with the second direction opposite with first direction transistor with first direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the transistor with said structure has comprised the semiconductor layer by these a plurality of transistors share.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the transistor with said structure has comprised mutually different semiconductor layer between these a plurality of transistors.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the transistor with said structure has comprised with first doped in concentrations profiled source region and the drain region of n type or p type impurity element.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the transistor with said structure has comprised a part that only covers the semiconductor layer of second layer gate electrode, this part impurity identical that mixed with source region and drain region, and doping content is lower than first concentration.
According to another aspect of the present invention, having the transistorized of said structure is characterised in that, in these a plurality of transistors, the transistor size that electric current flows through with first direction equals the transistor size that electric current flows through with second direction, and each semiconductor layer edge in being parallel to the plane of substrate surface that covers on the second layer gate electrode is identical perpendicular to the direction width of first direction or second direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the transistor with said structure contains first, and in this first, wherein the semiconductor layer that flows through with first direction of electric current covers on the second layer gate electrode.In addition, this transistor contains second portion, and in this second portion, wherein the semiconductor layer that flows through with second direction of electric current covers on the second layer gate electrode.A plurality of these transistorized firsts equal in the plane that a plurality of these transistorized second portions are being parallel to substrate surface overall width perpendicular to second direction perpendicular to the overall width of first direction in being parallel to the plane of substrate surface.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of transistor is provided, this transistor comprised have first semiconductor layer, the first transistor of gate insulating film and first grid electrode and have the transistor seconds of second semiconductor layer, gate insulating film and second gate electrode.In addition, the first grid electrode and second gate electrode are electrically connected mutually, and the first grid electrode and second gate electrode all comprise ground floor gate electrode and second layer gate electrode.In addition, the drain region of the first transistor and the drain region of transistor seconds are electrically connected mutually, and the source region of the first transistor and the source region of transistor seconds are electrically connected mutually, and it is opposite each other that electric current flows through the direction of the raceway groove in the first transistor and the transistor seconds.
According to another aspect of the present invention, have the transistor of said structure, its source region and drain region with first doped in concentrations profiled n type or p type impurity element.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transistor with said structure, its cover the second layer gate electrode of first grid electrode but do not cover first grid electrode the ground floor gate electrode first semiconductor layer doped impurity identical with source region and drain region, doping content is lower than first concentration; Its cover the second layer gate electrode of second gate electrode but do not cover second gate electrode the ground floor gate electrode second semiconductor layer doped impurity identical with source region and drain region, doping content is lower than first concentration.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in having the transistor of said structure, if width is meant in being parallel to the plane of substrate surface, flow through length on the first transistor direction vertical with the direction of transistor seconds raceway groove with charge carrier, the width that covers first semiconductor layer of first grid electrode equals to cover the width of second semiconductor layer of second gate electrode.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transistor with said structure is provided, and this transistor comprises the first transistor that contains semiconductor layer, gate insulating film and first grid electrode and contains the first transistor of semiconductor layer, gate insulating film and second gate electrode.In addition, the first grid electrode and second gate electrode are electrically connected mutually, and the first grid electrode and second gate electrode all comprise ground floor gate electrode and second layer gate electrode.In addition, the drain region of the first transistor and the drain region of transistor seconds are electrically connected mutually, and the source region of the first transistor and the source region of transistor seconds are electrically connected mutually, and it is opposite each other that electric current flows through the direction of the raceway groove in the first transistor and the transistor seconds.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transistor with said structure, its cover the second layer gate electrode of first grid electrode but do not cover first grid electrode the ground floor gate electrode semiconductor layer doped the impurity identical with drain region impurity with the source region, doping content is lower than first concentration; Its cover the second layer gate electrode of second gate electrode but do not cover second gate electrode the ground floor gate electrode semiconductor layer doped the impurity identical with drain region impurity with the source region, doping content is lower than first concentration.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in having the transistor of said structure, if width is meant in being parallel to the plane of substrate surface, flow through length on the first transistor direction vertical with the direction of transistor seconds raceway groove with charge carrier, the width that then covers the semiconductor layer of first grid electrode equals to cover the width of the semiconductor layer of second gate electrode.
The formation method of thin-film transistor according to an aspect of the present invention, this method comprises following steps: form a plurality of semiconductor layers parallel to each other on substrate; Form gate insulating film to cover these a plurality of semiconductor layers; Form the ground floor gate electrode that correspondingly is electrically connected to these a plurality of semiconductor layers; With this ground floor gate electrode is that mask mixes p type or n type impurity with first concentration to these a plurality of semiconductor layers; Activate the impurity that is entrained in these a plurality of semiconductor layers by heat treatment, form each second layer gate electrode accordingly to cover ground floor gate electrode and these a plurality of semiconductor layers of part covering with these a plurality of ground floor gate electrodes; With second layer gate electrode is that mask mixes these a plurality of semiconductor layers to form source region and the drain region that impurity concentration is higher than first concentration in each layer of these a plurality of semiconductor layers; Form interlayer dielectric to cover these a plurality of semiconductor layers, second layer gate electrode and gate insulating film; In this interlayer dielectric, form the contact hole that arrives each source region and drain region; On this interlayer dielectric, form conducting film, and carry out graphical and etching connects up to form, source electrode and drain electrode, described source electrode is connected to each other between the source region of a plurality of semiconductor layers by contact hole, and described drain electrode interconnects between the drain region of a plurality of semiconductor layers by contact hole.In addition, the source region and the drain region of these a plurality of semiconductor layers are arranged in first configuration or second configuration, one of source region is placed on the right side of second layer gate electrode in first configuration, one of source region is placed on the left side of second layer gate electrode in second configuration, and first configuration is identical with the number of second configuration in these a plurality of semiconductor layers.In addition, to cover the shape of the semiconductor layer part on the second layer gate electrode identical for each layer in these a plurality of semiconductor layers.
The transistorized formation method of membrane according to the invention, this method comprises following steps: form semiconductor layer on substrate; Form gate insulating film to cover this semiconductor layer; The ground floor gate electrode that a plurality of formation are electrically connected mutually on this semiconductor layer is that mask mixes p type or n type impurity with first concentration to this semiconductor layer with the ground floor gate electrode; Activate the impurity that is entrained in this semiconductor layer by heat treatment; Form each second layer gate electrode accordingly to cover the ground floor gate electrode and partly to cover this semiconductor layer with these a plurality of ground floor gate electrodes; With second layer gate electrode is that mask mixes this semiconductor layer to form source region and the drain region that the impurity concentration of being mixed is higher than first concentration in this semiconductor layer; Form interlayer dielectric to cover this semiconductor layer, second layer gate electrode and gate insulating film; In this interlayer dielectric, form the contact hole that arrives each source region and drain region; On this interlayer dielectric, form conducting film with filling contact hole, and carry out graphical and etching connects up to form, the source electrode that is electrically connected mutually with the source region and the drain electrode that is electrically connected mutually with the drain region conducting film.In addition, the source region and the drain region of these a plurality of semiconductor layers are arranged in first configuration or second configuration, one of source region is placed on the right side of second layer gate electrode in first configuration, one of source region is placed on the left side of second layer gate electrode in second configuration, and first configuration is identical with the number of second configuration in these a plurality of semiconductor layers.In addition, in this semiconductor layer, the shape that covers the semiconductor layer part on the second layer gate electrode is identical.
The transistorized formation method of membrane according to the invention, this method comprises following steps: form first semiconductor layer and second semiconductor layer on substrate; Form gate insulating film to cover first semiconductor layer and second semiconductor layer; On gate insulating film, form first ground floor gate electrode to cover first semiconductor layer and to form second ground floor gate electrode to cover second semiconductor layer; Mix p type or n type impurity with first concentration to first semiconductor layer and second semiconductor layer as mask with the ground floor gate electrode; Activate the impurity that is entrained in first semiconductor layer and second semiconductor layer by heat treatment; Form first second layer gate electrode accordingly to cover first ground floor gate electrode and partly to cover first semiconductor layer with first ground floor gate electrode; Form second second layer gate electrode accordingly to cover second ground floor gate electrode and partly to cover second semiconductor layer with second ground floor gate electrode; With second layer gate electrode is that mask mixes impurity to form source region and drain region in first semiconductor layer and second semiconductor layer with the concentration that is higher than first concentration to this semiconductor layer; Form interlayer dielectric to cover first semiconductor layer, second semiconductor layer, first second layer gate electrode, second second layer gate electrode; In this interlayer dielectric, form the contact hole that arrives each source region and drain region; On this interlayer dielectric, form conducting film with filling contact hole, and carry out graphical and etching connects up to form, the source electrode that is electrically connected mutually with the source region and the drain electrode that is electrically connected mutually with the drain region conducting film.In addition, if in the middle of with the gate electrode being, the then source region of first semiconductor layer and drain region and the second semiconductor layer source region and drain region positioned opposite.In addition, first ground floor gate electrode and second ground floor gate electrode are electrically connected mutually, and it is identical to cover the shape of the semiconductor layer part on the second layer gate electrode in first semiconductor layer and second semiconductor layer.
The present invention can suppress because the variation of the transistor parasitic capacitance that substrate thermal contraction and mask misalignment cause.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transistor comprises first semiconductor island; Second semiconductor island; First grid electrode on first semiconductor island is inserted with dielectric film therebetween; And second second gate electrode on the semiconductor island, be inserted with dielectric film therebetween.In addition, first semiconductor island comprises first channel region between first source region, first drain region and first source region and first drain region, and second semiconductor island comprises second channel region between second source region, second drain region and second source region and second drain region.In addition, first source region and second source region are electrically connected mutually, and first drain region and second drain region are electrically connected mutually, and flow through first sense of current and second current opposite in direction that flows through second channel region of second semiconductor island of first channel region of first semiconductor island.In addition, each the comprised ground floor and the second layer in the first grid electrode and second gate electrode.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transistor comprises semiconductor layer; First grid electrode on the semiconductor layer is inserted with dielectric film therebetween; And second second gate electrode on the semiconductor layer, be inserted with dielectric film therebetween.In addition, semiconductor layer comprises first channel region between first source region, second source region, drain region, first source region and the drain region and second channel region between second source region and the drain region.In addition, first source region and second source region are electrically connected mutually, and flow through first sense of current and second current opposite in direction that flows through second channel region of this semiconductor layer of first channel region of this semiconductor layer.In addition, each the comprised ground floor and the second layer in the first grid electrode and second gate electrode.
According to another aspect of the present invention, transistor comprises a plurality of first semiconductor islands, a plurality of second semiconductor island, dielectric film and has ground floor and the gate electrode of the second layer.In addition, each first semiconductor island comprises first channel region between first source region, first drain region and first source region and first drain region.In addition, each second semiconductor island comprises second channel region between second source region, second drain region and second source region and second drain region, and each first source region of these a plurality of first semiconductor islands is electrically connected mutually with each second source region of these a plurality of second semiconductor islands.In addition, each first drain region of these a plurality of first semiconductor islands is electrically connected mutually with each second drain region of these a plurality of second semiconductor islands.In addition, flow through second current opposite in direction of first sense of current and second channel region that flows through each second semiconductor island of first channel region of each first semiconductor island.
Figure 1A and 1B are the schematic diagram of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 2 A and 2B show semiconductor device according to the invention respectively.
Fig. 3 A and 3B are the schematic diagram of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 5 has described an example of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 6 A to 6C shows the manufacturing process of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 7 A to 7D shows the manufacturing process of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 8 A to 8C shows the manufacturing process of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Fig. 9 A to 9C shows the manufacturing process of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Figure 10 A to 10C shows the manufacturing process of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Figure 11 is the plan view from above of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Figure 12 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of use semiconductor device according to the invention making.
Figure 13 is the sectional view of the light-emitting display device of use semiconductor device according to the invention making.
Figure 14 is the sectional view of the light-emitting display device of use semiconductor device according to the invention making.
Figure 15 A to 15C shows the structure and the light emission direction of luminescent device respectively.
Figure 16 A and 16B show the component structure of light-emitting component respectively.
Figure 17 A to 17F shows the image element circuit of luminescent device respectively.
Figure 18 shows the protective circuit of luminescent device.
Figure 19 A to 19E shows respectively and is suitable for electronic equipment of the present invention.
Figure 20 A to 20C shows the semiconductor device of correlation technique respectively.
Figure 21 is the plan view from above of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Figure 22 is the plan view from above of semiconductor device according to the invention.
Figure 23 shows semiconductor device according to the invention.
Although will and describe the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by Implementation Modes, should be appreciated that to those skilled in the art, various changes and modification are tangible.Therefore, unless depart from the scope of the present invention, otherwise think that this change and modification are included in the scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described thin-film transistor, yet the present invention can be applied to other transistor except thin-film transistor.
[Implementation Modes 1]
With reference to Figure 1A and 1B an Implementation Modes of the present invention is described.Figure 1A is the vertical view of semiconductor device according to the invention, and it comprises semiconductor layer 101a, semiconductor layer 101b, gate electrode 102, source electrode and wiring 103 and drain electrode and wiring 104.Figure 1B is the sectional view of Figure 1A A-B along the line, and it comprises substrate 110, basic dielectric film 111, gate insulating film 112 and interlayer dielectric 113.Gate electrode 102 is by ground floor gate electrode 102a and second layer gate electrode 102b structure.
The mixed identical impurity of n type or p type of semiconductor layer 101a and semiconductor layer 101b, they comprise the high concentration impurity 114 to 117 with high-concentration dopant, with low concentration impurity zone 118 to 121 and channel region 122 and 123 of low concentration doping.Gate electrode 102 covers respectively on semiconductor layer 101a and the 101b, has inserted gate insulating film 112 therebetween, makes ground floor gate electrode 102a cover respectively on channel region 122 and 123.Second layer gate electrode 102b covers ground floor gate electrode 102a, and covers low concentration impurity zone 118 to 121 at least in part respectively.That is to say that low concentration impurity zone 118 to 121 covers on the second layer gate electrode 102b, and insert gate insulating film 112 therebetween respectively.
Wiring 103 forms on interlayer dielectric 113 with wiring 104, and be electrically connected to high concentration impurity 114 to 117 respectively by source electrode 103 or drain electrode 104, wherein source electrode 103 and the drain electrode 104 aperture portion branch that all is formed in interlayer dielectric 113 is sentenced and is arrived high concentration impurity 114 to 117.Notice that source electrode 103a and 103b are connected respectively to wiring 103 and high concentration impurity (source region) 115,116, and drain electrode 104a and 104b are connected respectively to wiring 104 and high concentration impurity (drain region) 114,117.
That is to say, between the source region of two thin-film transistors, between the drain region, and gate electrode between be electrically connected.The input of two thin-film transistors is all connected up from first and is exported second wiring to, and gate electrode is electrically connected mutually.
According to said structure, use semiconductor layer 101a to form thin-film transistor 105a, and use semiconductor layer 101b to form thin-film transistor 105b; And when direction of current flow refers to length direction, and in being parallel to the plane of substrate surface during perpendicular to the direction finger widths direction of this length, channel region 122 and 123 width and length equate respectively mutually so, and the width in low concentration impurity zone 118 to 121 is equal to each other.In addition, semiconductor layer 101a and 101b are along being parallel to the length direction setting.Notice that for length direction and Width, the present invention has adopted above-mentioned definition.
In thin-film transistor 105a and 105b, arrange each source region, drain region, source electrode and drain electrode, make direction that electric current flows through thin-film transistor 105a and 105b be parallel to each other and on the contrary.
Described above according to a kind of thin-film transistor of the present invention.Thin-film transistor 105 of the present invention comprises thin-film transistor 105a and thin-film transistor 105b.Thin-film transistor 105 and correlation technique thin-film transistor shown in Figure 20 A have much at one performance (although the width of the channel region 218 of thin-film transistor 205 is the twice of the width of the channel region 123 of the channel region 122 of thin-film transistor 105a among Figure 1A and the 1B or thin-film transistor 105b among Figure 20 A, perhaps be they with).
Conventional thin film transistor 205 among Figure 20 A to 20C comprises semiconductor layer 201, gate electrode 202 (ground floor gate electrode 202a and second layer gate electrode 202b), wiring and source electrode 203, wiring and drain electrode 204, substrate 210, basic dielectric film 211, gate insulating film 212, interlayer dielectric 213, high concentration impurity 214 and 215, low concentration impurity zone 216 and 217 and channel region 218.
Now, in the thin-film transistor that forms shown in Figure 1A and 1B or Figure 20 A to 20C, parasitic capacitance is formed by low concentration impurity zone and gate electrode.When the second layer gate electrode 202b of the thin-film transistor of making the correlation technique as shown in Figure 20 A, owing to some reasons (for example, mask misalignment, distortion and substrate shrink) and when having departed from the length direction of semiconductor layer, so 220 to 223 (grid cover lightly doped drain: occupied GOLD district) zone can be different from design section, and is wherein regional and second layer gate electrode 202b is overlapping at 220 to 223 place's low concentration impurities.Because the low concentration impurity zone dissimilates with second layer gate electrode 202b overlapping areas, the value of parasitic capacitance also changes, thereby cause a problem, promptly adopt the circuit load of the circuit of this thin-film transistor to dissimilate, and operational limits (operationmargin) is narrower.
Under the situation of the mask skew that causes owing to the substrate thermal contraction, particularly substrate shrinks to its center, thereby shrinks along different directions between the substrate two ends.Therefore, think that the parasitic capacitance of drain electrode one side is bigger at an end of substrate, and less at the other end of substrate.Therefore, may be different in the performance of the parasitic capacitance of the thin-film transistor at substrate two ends, although require their performance identical usually.In situations such as large-sized substrate, this phenomenon becomes a problem significantly.In addition, in the Source drive or gate driver of display device, form described driver by repeating identical figure, the circuit working difference at place, substrate two ends is very big when parasitic capacitor variations.
On the other hand, thin-film transistor 105 of the present invention (Figure 1A and 1B) has been described.Here, when supposing to make membrane according to the invention transistor 105, the length direction shown in second layer gate electrode 102b slip chart 20B and the 20C (Fig. 2 A and 2B).
In Fig. 2 A, when when this figure is seen in its place ahead, second layer gate electrode 102b is offset left from normal place.In two thin-film transistor 105a that constitute thin-film transistor 105 of the present invention and 105b, source region and drain region are positioned on the relative position of channel region 122 and channel region 123.Therefore, because second layer gate electrode 102b is offset left, second layer gate electrode 102b becomes big at the area that drain side covers semiconductor layer in thin-film transistor 105a, and this area diminishes in thin-film transistor 105b.
In addition, alignment film transistor 105a and 105b, it is opposite each other to make that electric current flows through the direction of each raceway groove, and the width of semiconductor layer 101a and 101b is equal to each other.Therefore, among the thin-film transistor 105a on the drain side area increase of second layer gate electrode 102b equal among the thin-film transistor 105b that the area of second layer gate electrode 102b reduces on the drain side.In addition, the variation of the overlapped area of changes in capacitance and extrinsic region and second layer gate electrode 102b is consistent.Therefore, in thin-film transistor of the present invention 105 by two thin-film transistor 105a and 105b structure since the parasitic capacitance that the GOLD zone causes be changed to 0.That is to say that membrane according to the invention transistor 105 is subjected to the influence of the capacitance variations due to the mask misalignment littler.
In Fig. 2 B, the direction of the second layer gate electrode 102b offset of making and opposite (being skew to the right when seeing this figure from the place ahead) shown in Fig. 2 A.At this moment, the area in the GOLD zone 303 among the thin-film transistor 105a diminishes, and the area in the GOLD zone 304 among the thin-film transistor 105b becomes big.In this case, the variation of total capacitance also is 0.Its description is identical with Fig. 2 A, so locate to omit.
That is to say, with semiconductor layer 101a be among the thin-film transistor 105a of active layer the area increase in GOLD zone 301 to equal with semiconductor layer 101b be that the area in GOLD zone 302 among the thin-film transistor 105b of active layer reduces, so total capacitance changes, and to be cancelled be 0.Electric capacity on the source therewith in like manner.In this manner, the influence that changed by the GOLD area capacitance that caused by the mask deviation due to the mask misalignment, distortion, substrate contraction etc. of membrane according to the invention transistor is littler.Therefore, the parasitic capacitor variations of thin-film transistor is littler, adopts the variation of circuit load of the circuit that this thin-film transistor makes also littler.
Therefore, provide a kind of semiconductor element, even when making on such as great substrates of the effect of contraction that is heated such as large-sized substrate, its work can not be affected yet.In addition, provide thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that is respectively equipped with this semiconductor element.
In addition, provide a kind of semiconductor element, even when the skew of slight mask occurring, its work can not be affected yet.In addition, provide thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that is respectively equipped with this semiconductor element.
In addition, preferably, length direction is set to the direction that identical figure is aligned, and this moment is by arranging that thin-film transistor of the present invention can form circuit load and change less circuit.
Note, in this Implementation Modes, for a thin-film transistor provides two gate electrodes, yet can provide the more gate electrode of more number, and it is desirable to provide the even number gate electrode.Simultaneously, preferably, the direction that electric current flows through each raceway groove in the semiconductor layer corresponding with gate electrode is first direction or the second direction opposite with first direction, and the number of the raceway groove that should be as far as possible flows through with second direction near electric current of the number of the raceway groove that flows through with first direction of electric current.That is to say, preferably, the number of the raceway groove that the number of the raceway groove that flows through with first direction for the crystal intraductal electric current and electric current flow through with second direction, the difference of these two kinds of raceway groove numbers should be one when forming the odd number raceway groove, these two kinds of raceway groove numbers should equate when forming the even number raceway groove.
Notice that in the slight mask skew that the present invention supposed, the influence of the skew on the broad ways is not too large, this is greater than the skew surplus that goes up along its length because of the skew surplus on the broad ways.
[Implementation Modes 2]
Describe transistor according to an Implementation Modes of the present invention in conjunction with Fig. 3 A and 3B, this Implementation Modes is different from Implementation Modes 1.Fig. 3 A is the vertical view of membrane according to the invention transistor 405, and it comprises semiconductor layer 401, gate electrode 402, drain electrode and wiring (comprising drain electrode 403a) 403 and source electrode and wiring (comprising source electrode 404a and 404b) 404.Thin-film transistor 405 by the thin-film transistor 405a that comprises source electrode 404a, drain electrode 403a with comprise source electrode 404b, drain electrode 403a (thin-film transistor 405b constitute.
Fig. 3 B is the sectional view of Fig. 3 A A-B along the line, and it comprises ground floor gate electrode 402a, second layer gate electrode 402b, substrate 410, basic dielectric film 411, gate insulating film 412, interlayer dielectric 413, high concentration impurity 414 to 416, low concentration impurity zone 417 to 420 and channel region 421 and 422.Gate electrode is made of ground floor gate electrode 402a and second layer gate electrode 402b.In addition, in the thin-film transistor 405a and in the thin-film transistor 405b, the width that overlaps each gate electrode on the semiconductor layer 401 equates.Other reference number among Fig. 3 B is identical with Fig. 3 A, therefore omits the description to it herein.
In the thin-film transistor 405 of this Implementation Modes, semiconductor layer 401 is corresponding to semiconductor layer 101a and 101b in the Implementation Modes 1, and thin-film transistor 405a and 405b are corresponding to thin-film transistor 105a and 105b.Thin-film transistor 405 in this Implementation Modes is provided with continuous semiconductor layer 401, and this is different from the thin-film transistor among Figure 1A and the 1B.The direction that electric current flows through the thin-film transistor 405a that constitutes thin-film transistor 405 and 405b is parallel to each other and on the contrary.
Therefore, even owing to some reasons produce offset, the area change of the second layer gate electrode 402b among the thin-film transistor 405a on one side of drain region equals the area change of the second layer gate electrode 402b on one side of source region among the thin-film transistor 405b when making second layer gate electrode 402b.The variation of the area that changes in capacitance and extrinsic region and gate electrode are overlapped is consistent.Therefore, in the thin-film transistor 405 that constitutes by two thin-film transistor 405a and 405b among the present invention, parasitic capacitance be changed to 0.That is to say that identical with the structure of the thin-film transistor 105 described in the Implementation Modes 1 basically according to the structure of the thin-film transistor 405 of this Implementation Modes, it is subjected to the influence of the capacitance variations that caused by the mask skew less.
Fig. 4 is different from the description in the Implementation Modes 1 in appearance, but it comprises semiconductor layer 501a and 501b, ground floor gate electrode 502a, second layer gate electrode 502b, drain electrode and the wiring 503 and the source electrode of common formation thin-film transistor 505 and connects up 504.Gate electrode is by ground floor gate electrode 502a and second layer gate electrode 502b structure.That describes in the structure of thin-film transistor 505 and the Implementation Modes 1 is identical, wherein drain electrode 503 is connected to public wiring, gate electrode is made of two-layer, channel region is formed on ground floor gate electrode 502a and the second layer gate electrode 502b position overlapped, only form the low concentration impurity zone in the zone that second layer gate electrode 502b covers, the remaining area in semiconductor layer 501a and the 501b is respectively high concentration impurity.According to this method, even it is Butut looks as if different, but can use structure of the present invention and can obtain similar effect.
Therefore, can provide a kind of semiconductor element, even when making on such as great substrates of the effect of contraction that is heated such as large-sized substrate, its work can not be affected yet.In addition, provide thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that is respectively equipped with this semiconductor element.
In addition, provide a kind of semiconductor element, even when the skew of slight mask occurring, its work can not be affected yet.In addition, provide thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that is provided with this semiconductor element.
[Implementation Modes 3]
In conjunction with the transistor of Figure 23 description according to an Implementation Modes of the present invention, this Implementation Modes is different from Implementation Modes 1 and Implementation Modes 2.Figure 23 is the vertical view of membrane according to the invention transistor 151, and it comprises semiconductor layer 150a, 150b and 150c, gate electrode 152 (being made of ground floor gate electrode 152a and second layer gate electrode 152b), drain electrode and wiring 154 and source electrode and wiring 153.Thin-film transistor 151 by the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 150a, comprise semiconductor layer 150b transistor, comprise the transistor configurations of semiconductor layer 150c.
In each semiconductor layer 150a to 150c, with the ground floor gate electrode 152a overlapping areas Doped n-type impurity p type impurity that also undopes neither basically, only mixed the impurity of low concentration with second layer gate electrode 152b overlapping areas, the impurity of high concentration has then been mixed in other zone.
Common source electrode and wiring 153 are connected to this three transistors by contact hole respectively with shared drain electrode and wiring 154, and when electric current flows through the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 150a with first direction, electric current is with parallel and flow through the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 150b in contrast to the second direction of first direction, and electric current flows through the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 150c with first direction.Equal width 159b with the overlapping semiconductor layer 150b of gate electrode 152 with the width 159a of the overlapping semiconductor layer 150a of gate electrode 152 with the summation of the width 159c of the overlapping semiconductor layer 150c of gate electrode 152.
Therefore, even when making second layer gate electrode 152b owing to some reasons produce along its length offset, comprise drain region one side in the transistor of semiconductor layer 150a only with the area of the overlapping semiconductor layer 150a of second layer gate electrode 152b and the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 150c in drain region one side only with total increase (minimizing) of the area of the overlapping semiconductor layer 150c of second layer gate electrode 152b, equal to comprise the minimizing (increase) of drain region one side second layer gate electrode 152b area in the transistor of semiconductor layer 150b.Capacitance variations is consistent with the variation of extrinsic region and the overlapped area of gate electrode.Therefore, in the thin-film transistor 151 that constitutes by three thin-film transistors among the present invention, parasitic capacitance be changed to 0.That is to say that identical with the structure of the thin-film transistor 105 described in the Implementation Modes 1 basically according to the structure of the thin-film transistor 151 of this Implementation Modes, it is subjected to the influence of the capacitance variations that caused by the mask skew less.
Therefore, can provide a kind of semiconductor element, even when making on such as great substrates of the effect of contraction that is heated such as large-sized substrate, it is also worked and can not be affected.In addition, provide thin film semiconductor's circuit and the thin-film semiconductor device that is respectively equipped with this semiconductor element.
Note, in this Implementation Modes, transistor 151 according to the present invention is made of three transistors, yet the present invention is not limited to this, constitute this transistorized transistor size without limits, as long as be electrically connected these transistors between the source region, between the drain region and between the gate electrode, and in the transistor that flows through with first direction of channel current with the width of the semiconductor layer of gate electrode equal generally channel current with in the transistor parallel and that flow through in contrast to the second direction of first direction with the width of the semiconductor layer of gate electrode.
Present embodiment has been described the negative circuit of a kind of employing bootstrapping method (bootstrap method), as using the transistorized example of membrane according to the invention.With Tr1, Tr2, represent three transistors with Tr3, C1 represents capacitor respectively, and C2 represents the parasitic capacitance that produced by the gate electrode of Tr2.
Fig. 5 shows the equivalent electric circuit of the negative circuit that adopts the bootstrapping method, and the work of this circuit is described below.Here suppose VDD=16V, VSS=0V, each transistorized threshold value is Vth=3V.When IN1 input 16V and IN2 input 0V, the Tr1 conducting, the voltage that A is ordered is charged to the threshold value (being 16V-3V=13V in the present embodiment) that input voltage deducts Tr1.When the A point voltage arrived 13V, Tr1 ended, and the A point becomes quick condition.
Simultaneously, when the A point was charged to threshold value (3V) greater than Tr2, Tr2 was unlocked, and B point voltage and output voltage also increase.The A point becomes after the quick condition, and when the B point voltage increased, because capacitive coupling makes the A point voltage increase, the gate voltage of Tr2 also increased.When the gate voltage of Tr2 during greater than 19V (16V+3V), the output voltage of Tr2 is 16V, and it equals the input voltage of Tr2.The voltage of ordering as B increases uses V BDuring expression, the voltage that A is ordered increases V ACan use following formulae express: V A=V B* C1/ (C2+C2).That is to say the effect of parasitic capacitance circuit working that the gate electrode of thin-film transistor causes.
In foregoing circuit, if the parasitic capacitance that the gate electrode of thin-film transistor Tr2 causes for some reason (for example substrate shrinks and because the mask skew that misalignment or distortion cause) change, the work of circuit is with influenced.Therefore, consider this point, need setting work tolerance limit.
Yet by use the membrane according to the invention transistor at least in the Tr2 of circuit, even there is slight mask skew, the parasitic capacitor variations between gate electrode and the low concentration impurity zone also can be suppressed.Therefore can form the circuit that is subjected to the mask bias effect less.
For because heat treatment etc. causes the mask skew due to the substrate thermal contraction, and particularly, substrate shrinks to its center, thereby is offset at different directions, this depends on the position.When mask when all directions are offset, the parasitic capacitance of some positions is little and parasitic capacitance other position is big, so the affected degree of the work of circuit is bigger.Yet, the circuit that adopts the membrane according to the invention transistor to form, it is less influenced by this, thereby is guaranteeing aspect the work tolerance limit very big advantage is arranged.In this case, since parasitic capacitor variations cause that the length direction of the Tr2 of problem is arranged to identify by substrate and shrink the direction that significantly changes that causes (promptly, the direction that identical figure is aimed to the substrate shrinkage direction), can form circuit load and change less circuit.
Therefore, can provide a kind of thin film semiconductor circuit and thin-film semiconductor device, even when making their semiconductor element on such as great substrates of the effect of contraction that is heated such as large-sized substrate, its work can not be affected yet.
In addition, provide a kind of thin film semiconductor circuit and thin-film semiconductor device, even when the skew of slight mask occurring, its work can not be affected.
Can realize present embodiment in conjunction with Implementation Modes 1 to 3.
In conjunction with Fig. 6 A to 9C the transistorized manufacture method of membrane according to the invention is described.
At first, on substrate 10, form basic dielectric film 11.Form amorphous silicon film subsequently, with laser this film is shone and make it become crystalline silicon film 12.
For substrate 10, at the bottom of can adopting dielectric substrate such as glass substrate, quartz substrate and glass ceramics, ceramic substrate, stainless steel lining, metal substrate (for example tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum), Semiconductor substrate, plastic (for example polyimides, acrylic acid, polyethylene terephthalate (polyethylene terephthalate), Merlon, polyacrylate, and polyether sulfone) etc., as long as it can bear the heat that manufacturing process produces.Can adopt CMP etc. that substrate is polished when needing in advance.Adopt glass substrate in this Implementation Modes.
Provide the purpose of basic dielectric film 11 to be, prevent that alkali metal or the alkaline-earth metal in the substrate 10 is diffused in the crystalline silicon film.This is because these elements have negative effect to the semiconducting behavior of crystalline silicon film.The basic dielectric film 11 that forms can be single layer structure, perhaps for adopting the sandwich construction of silica, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride (silicon oxynitride), silicon oxynitride (siliconnitride oxide) etc.Note, use when not having the substrate that alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal etc. scatter, unnecessaryly provide basic dielectric film 11.
In the present embodiment, the basic dielectric film 11 of formation is a sandwich construction, and wherein thickness is that the silicon oxynitride film of 50nm is the ground floor dielectric film, and thickness is that the silicon oxynitride of 100nm is a second layer dielectric film.Notice that the difference between silicon oxynitride film and the oxygen silicon nitride membrane is the wherein composition ratio of nitrogen and oxygen.The former nitrogen content is higher than the latter.These two kinds of films can be prepared by plasma CVD.
Subsequently, forming thickness on basic dielectric film is the amorphous silicon membrane of 25-100nm (thickness is preferably 30 to 60nm).Its manufacture method can be used the known method such as sputter, low pressure chemical vapor deposition and plasma CVD.In the present embodiment, it is the amorphous silicon membrane of 50nm that using plasma CVD forms thickness.Subsequently, dehydrogenation was carried out in heat treatment in 1 hour under 500 ℃ temperature.
Subsequently, use laser irradiation device to make the amorphous silicon membrane crystallization to form crystalline silicon film 12.For the laser crystallization in the present embodiment, use an optical system that the laser beam of excimer laser vibration is become the RECTANGULAR BEAM point and shine semiconductive thin film.
Perhaps,, can adopt heat treatment, use in the heat treatment to promote the element of its crystallization as method for crystallising.Be used to promote the element (being typically nickel) of crystallization, make and compare, can finish crystallization in the short time at low temperature with the crystallization that does not use this element.Therefore, under situation, preferably make in this way such as the heat labile relatively substrate of glass substrate.Be used to promote that the element of crystallization also comprises iron, palladium, tin, lead, cobalt, platinum, copper and gold except nickel.Can adopt in these elements one or more.In addition, after this, with irradiation substrates such as laser to improve its degree of crystallinity.
Perhaps, can form microcrystalline semiconductor film, make its crystallization with laser subsequently, with as crystalline semiconductor film by plasma CVD etc.
Subsequently, a spot of impurity that mixes is used for the threshold value of crystallization control silicon thin film 12 as requested to carry out so-called channel doping.In order to obtain suitable threshold, by doped with boron such as ion doping, phosphorus etc.
Subsequently, crystal silicon film 12 is patterned to predetermined shape, to obtain the island crystal silicon film 13a to 13c shown in Fig. 6 B.Patterned method is as follows: on crystal silicon film 12, apply photoresist, expose into the predetermined mask shape and with its baking on crystalline semiconductor film, to form mask, to use this mask to come etching crystal silicon film 12 by dry etching.Gas in the dry etching adopts CF 4, O 2Deng.Semiconductor layer 13a and 13b are the active layer of thin-film transistor of the present invention, corresponding to active layer 101a and the 101b among Figure 1B.The part shown in the A-B is corresponding to the sectional view of Figure 1A and 1B A-B along the line among Fig. 6 A to 9C.The thin-film transistor that forms in the A-B part has the structure described in the Implementation Modes 2.
Subsequently, form gate insulating film 14 to cover crystalline semiconductor film 13a to 13c.Using plasma CVD or sputter make thickness be 40 to 150nm and the dielectric film that contains silicon as gate insulating film.In the present embodiment, use by the thickness of plasma CVD preparation and form gate insulating film 14 as the silicon oxide film of 100nm.
Subsequently, on gate insulating film in the following order: stacked thickness be 30 to 60nm tantalum nitride (TaN) as first conductive layer, stacked thickness is that 200 to 400nm tungsten (W) is as second conductive layer.In the present embodiment, the thickness of TaN film is 30nm, and the thickness of W film is 370nm.TaN film and W film all are the method preparations of adopting sputter, and wherein the TaN film is the target preparation with Ta in nitrogen atmosphere, and the W film is target preparation (Fig. 6 C) with W.
Subsequently, adopt photoetching to form resist mask 17a to 17e, so that form electrode and wiring by the etching conductive layer by step of exposure.Subsequently, shown in Fig. 7 A, the first conducting film 18a to 18e and the second conducting film 19a to 19e are etched to taper, and photoresist mask 17a to 17e is an indent.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 7 B, use the resist figure 17a to 17e and the second conductive layer 19a to 19e to be mask, to semiconductor layer 13a to 13e with the high concentration ion for example n type impurity of phosphorus that mixes, with formation source, drain region 20 to 25 and capacitance electrode 26.The doping condition of phosphorus depends on the activation condition of the thickness of gate insulating film 14 and impurity and changes.In the present embodiment, used thickness is that the silicon oxide film of 100nm forms gate insulating film 14, so accelerating voltage is 40kV, and dosage is 1 * 10 15～8 * 10 15A toms/cm 2
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 7 C, use resist figure 17a to 17e to be mask, only the second conductive layer 19a to 19e is carried out selective etch.Handle the second conductive layer 19a to 19e on channel direction, to expose the length of first conductive layer 18a to the 18e1 μ m.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 7 D, use the resist figure 17a to 17e and the second conductive layer 19a to 19e to be mask, etching semiconductor layer 18a to 18e makes to form ground floor gate electrode 27a to 27e by the first conducting film 18a to 18e and the second conducting film 19a to 19e to remove the expose portion of the first conducting film 18a to 18e.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 8 A, remove resist figure 17a to 17e.Use ground floor gate electrode 27a and 27c to 27e as mask, to semiconductor layer 13a to 13c with the low concentration ion doping n type impurity of phosphorus for example, with formation LDD zone (low concentration impurity zone) 28-35.Therefore, the size of each channel region 36 to 39 of n type thin-film transistor equals the size of each gate electrode, and forms LDD zone 28 to 35 accordingly with self aligned mode and gate electrode.Also phosphorus is mixed in the zone that is used to form capacitor.Notice that one side forms the LDD zone in the drain region at least.
Subsequently, under 550 ℃ temperature, heat-treat.Because gate electrode exposes, thus preferably in the atmosphere that contains a small amount of oxygen, heat-treat, to prevent the oxidation of gate electrode.By this heat treatment, the impurity in the semiconductor layer is activated.Note,, promote the element of crystallization to be introduced in high concentration impurity (source region and drain region), therefore can carry out air-breathing (gettering) simultaneously and handle for using the unit that promotes crystallization usually to carry out the situation of crystallization.
Activate heating in the processing, therefore substrate may take place shrink.If substrate shrank in this stage, subsequently can the off-design position with the second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c that forms.The variation that this can cause the grid parasitic capacitance, make this thin-film transistor performance and use the work of the circuit of this thin-film transistor may be influenced and may occur changing.Especially, in the driver of the display device by repeating the preparation of identical figure, this variation is tending towards being detected easily.In addition, because the direction of the skew that thermal contraction causes is opposite, this point influence is more great between an end of substrate and the other end.Yet, use the thin-film transistor of describing in the present embodiment of the present invention, this influence can be suppressed, and this makes display quality improve and defective reduces.Producing offset when in addition, making second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c may be owing to so simple reason: after forming the 3rd conducting film 40, occur alignment offset during etching the 3rd conducting film 40.Use thin-film transistor of the present invention or semiconductor device, also can alleviate this influence.In this case, shrink the direction (that is, the direction that identical figure is aimed to the substrate shrinkage direction) that causes significantly variation, can form circuit load and change less circuit when length direction is set to substrate.
In addition, under the situation of large-sized substrate, thermal contraction is subjected to mainly to influence, and can carry out multiexposure, multiple exposure (continuous exposure) to each part during the exposure photoresist.Therefore especially, under the situation of carrying out continuous exposure, be difficult to adjust mask alignment, use thin-film transistor of the present invention or semiconductor device is favourable.
After the heat treatment, shown in Fig. 8 B, comprising that the use low electrical resistant material forms the 3rd conducting film 40 on the whole surface of gate electrode.In the present embodiment, steps such as activator impurity finished in this stage, and therefore heat no longer in later step can use Al to make the 3rd conducting film 40.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 8 C, on the 3rd conducting film 40, apply photoresist film, it is exposed and develops to form resist figure 41a to 41d on the 3rd conducting film 40.Subsequently, use resist figure 41a to 41d as mask etching the 3rd conducting film 40, to form second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c on the gate electrode 27a to 27c of thin-film transistor in driving circuit section 42, and on high concentration impurity diffusion layer 26, form second capacitance electrode 44, wherein be inserted with gate insulating film 14 between this capacitance electrode and the high concentration impurity diffusion layer 26.Before forming second layer gate electrode, substrate is owing to the crystallization heat processing is shunk.In addition, owing to reasons such as misalignments, second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c may be respectively formed at the position that is different from the actual design position with second capacitance electrode 44.Yet,, can suppress the variation of the thin-film transistor parasitic capacitance that the influence by this position deviation causes by using the present invention.
Can use Cu, Ag etc. to make the 3rd conducting film 40.Because this metal heat resistanceheat resistant, so after forming the 3rd conducting film 40, can carry out such as the heat treatment that activates.In this case, can not take place because the second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c that causes of substrate thermal contraction and the skew of second capacitance electrode 44, and can suppress the influence that causes owing to mask misalignment according to the present invention.
In this manner, the n type thin-film transistor in the driving circuit section 42 can be made grid and cover the LDD structure, and the n type thin-film transistor 46 in the pixel portion 45 can be made the LDD structure.Have the thin-film transistor that grid cover the LDD structure and present good current drives performance, and its hot carrier degradation when supply voltage is 10 to 20V has the repellence of height.Simultaneously, the thin-film transistor of making simultaneously with LDD structure is effective for suppressing OFF leakage current really.That is to say, come in the liquid crystal display of display pixel by storage pixel signal in capacitor, preferably adopt OFF leakage current is suppressed good, has the switch element of the thin-film transistor of LDD structure as pixel, and in the drive circuit part of periphery, preferably adopt the current drives superior performance and to hot carrier degradation have high-resistance, have a thin-film transistor that grid cover the LDD structure.This is equally applicable to the situation of light-emitting display device.
Preferably, adopt low-resistance metal material to make second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c.Preferably, adopt individual layer Al or Al alloy, perhaps Al as the lamination of Main Ingredients and Appearance as this low-resistance metal material.
In the present embodiment, described a kind of manufacture method of thin-film transistor, wherein gate electrode has laminated construction, yet thin-film transistor of the present invention can be applied to be different from this other structure.For example, the present invention can be applied to the thin-film transistor that gate electrode is a single layer structure, described grid forms in the following manner: form photoresist mask on gate insulating film, carry out the doping in high concentration impurity and LDD zone, remove photoresist, activator impurity forms gate electrode subsequently.In this structure, also can alleviate since the mask skew when making gate electrode cause or shrink the shortcoming that causes etc. by substrate due to the heat treatment.
Capacitor 47 is by second capacitance electrode 44, gate insulating film 14, constitute with capacitance electrode 26.By constructing capacitor 47 with the similar mode of thin-film transistor, and in the layer identical with source region and drain region formation capacitance electrode 26, even can obtain stable electric capacity during for 0V at second capacitance electrode 44.By forming thin gate insulating film 14, can make the area of capacitor 47 littler.Therefore, in the step of the first conducting film 18a to 18e of the etching shown in Fig. 7 A to 7D and the second conducting film 19a to 19e, preferably, make the gate insulating film in forming the zone of capacitor 47 thin to reduce its thickness.Therefore, can reduce the area of capacitor 47 and not increase etch step.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 9 A, on the whole surface that comprises the second layer gate electrode 43a to 43c and second capacitance electrode 44, form hydrogeneous dielectric film, under 350 ℃ or higher temperature, carry out the heat of hydrogenation and handle such as silicon nitride film 48.By this heat treatment, the crystal defect of semiconductor layer (crystal silicon film) can be by hydrogen termination.Note, in the present embodiment, form hydrogeneous silicon nitride film 48, carrying out the heat of hydrogenation afterwards handles, yet also can obtain identical result by the following method: form silicon oxide film, under 350 ℃ or higher temperature, in hydrogen content is 3% to 100% atmosphere, heat-treat afterwards.In this case, compare with the situation that adopts silicon nitride film, it is littler that the load of circuit working can become, and can reduce the electric capacity between the electrode, and this is because the relative dielectric constant of silicon nitride film is about the twice of silicon oxide film.
Subsequently, use, on silicon nitride film 48, form interlayer dielectric 49 from leveling (self flattening) organic or inorganic dielectric film.Can use as inorganic insulating membrane, for example, the silicon oxide film of CVD preparation, apply the silicon oxide film made and by the film of making such as materials such as siloxanes etc. by SOG (spin-on-glass), wherein siloxanes is backbone structure with silicon-oxygen key and comprises as substituent hydrogen, perhaps further contains in fluorine, alkyl and the aromatic hydrocarbon at least a as substituting group.On the other hand, for organic insulating film, then can use polyimides, polyamide, BCB (benzocyclobutene), acrylic acid, positive photosensitive organic resin, minus photosensitive organic resin etc.In addition, preferably use low-k materials.In addition, can adopt the laminated construction of these materials.In the present embodiment, use light-sensitive polyimide to form interlayer dielectric 49.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 9 B, use nesa coating on interlayer dielectric 49, to form pixel electrode 50 such as ITO.
Subsequently, shown in Fig. 9 C, form the contact hole (being connected perforate) that arrives source region and drain region by etching in interlayer dielectric 49, silicon nitride film 48 and gate insulating film 14.Subsequently, use low electrical resistant material, in contact hole and on the interlayer dielectric 49, form and the etching conductive film.Therefore, in the n of driving circuit section 42 type thin-film transistor and in the n type thin-film transistor 46 of pixel portion, form respectively by conduction film formed source electrode and drain electrode 51 to 55.Drain electrode 55 is connected to pixel electrode 50.Notice that source electrode and drain electrode 51 to 55 can be made of the individual layer that Al, Cu etc. makes, yet they also can be sandwich construction.Especially, for the rat that prevents that electrode material is diffused in the semiconductor layer and prevents to be caused by stress migration, preferably use TiN, Al, TiN and Ti with the sandwich construction of this order from top layer stack.
In semiconductor device according to present embodiment, formed n type thin-film transistor but not the p thin-film transistor in driving circuit section 42 and pixel portion 45, yet, also can form p type thin-film transistor.In this case, it is inequality only to mix the step of impurity in each step.
Capacitor 47 act as storage by the pixel switch element transmission to the picture element signal of pixel, this capacitor is made of following part: have with n type thin-film transistor 46 in source region and drain region with the capacitance electrode of the high concentration impurity in one deck, the gate insulating film 14 and second capacitance electrode 44 of thin-film transistor 46.
According to present embodiment, can on same substrate, not increase step ground and form thin-film transistor and thin-film transistor with LDD structure with grid covering LDD structure.In addition, that second layer gate electrode can adopt is little with resistance, cheapness and the low Al of thermal resistance are the material of main component, this is to form by this way because of thin-film transistor: form the thin-film transistor with LDD structure, heat-treat with activator impurity, form second layer gate electrode subsequently to form the resistance that grid cover the LDD structure and reduce the gate electrode wiring.Therefore, can provide the large-size images display device of low price, this device can high speed operation and the image display performance superior.Notice that make the situation that LDD structure or grid cover the LDD structure for using such as photoresist as mask, gate electrode can have only one deck.
The present embodiment is described an example having used thin-film transistor of the present invention in conjunction with Figure 10 A to 10C, and it is different from Implementation Modes 2.Step before Figure 10 A is identical with the step shown in Fig. 6 A to 8A, has therefore omitted the description to it.Figure 10 A shows the state identical with Fig. 8 A.
After the state shown in Figure 10 A, on entire substrate, form dielectric film 700.Dielectric film 700 is individual layer or is the multilayer of using silicon nitride film and oxygen containing silicon nitride film.For the preparation method, can adopt for example known method of plasma CVD.
Subsequently, under 550 ℃ temperature, heat-treat.Here, because gate electrode and wiring have covered dielectric film 700, therefore can prevent that it is oxidized.By this heat treatment, the impurity in the semiconductor layer is activated, and it is air-breathing to carry out that the Ni in the while channel region is introduced in high concentration impurity (source region and drain region).Note, can adopt furnace annealing, lamp annealing, and laser annealing in any one heat-treat.Subsequently, use low electrical resistant material on dielectric film 700, to form the 3rd conducting film 701.Notice that the 3rd conducting film 701 can be formed or be formed by the layer that Al or Al alloy are made by lamination, the barrier film of making by titanium nitride etc. in the described lamination and by layer piling up that Al or Al alloy are made.
Subsequently, on the 3rd conducting film 701 of waiting to expose and developing, apply photoresist.Therefore, on the 3rd conducting film 701, form resist figure 702 to 705.Subsequently, with resist figure 702 to 705 as mask etching the 3rd conducting film 701, form second layer gate electrode 706 to 708 on the gate electrode with thin-film transistor in driving circuit section 710 respectively, and be inserted with dielectric film 700 therebetween, and on capacitance electrode 714, form second layer capacitance electrode 709, be inserted with dielectric film 700 therebetween.Capacitor 712 is made of second layer capacitance electrode 709, dielectric film 700 and capacitance electrode 714.Note reference number 711 remarked pixel thin-film transistors, reference number 713 remarked pixel parts.
Subsequently, carry out shown in Fig. 9 A the step before the step to make display device.According to present embodiment, dielectric film 700 is inserted between second layer gate electrode 706 to 708 and the ground floor gate electrode, and ground floor gate electrode 800 is connected by shown in Figure 11 with second layer gate electrode 801.Note reference number 802 expression semiconductor layers, reference number 803 expression contact holes.In addition, can use second layer gate electrode 706 to 708, dielectric film 700, and the ground floor gate electrode form auxiliary capacitor.
The present embodiment is described the substrate that the method for using embodiment 2 is made, the method for making liquid crystal display device in conjunction with Figure 12.Formation is called the insulating barrier 56 of alignment thin film to cover pixel electrode 50.Note, can optionally form insulating barrier 56 by silk screen printing or offset printing.Rub subsequently and form sealant around the pixel region.
Subsequently, be connected on the component substrate 60 setting off by contrast the end 59 with liner, this sets off by contrast insulating barrier 57 that has contained the alignment thin film effect in the end and the conductive layer 58 that plays the counterelectrode effect, and provides liquid crystal layer setting off by contrast between the end and the component substrate, so just can produce display panels.Sealant can mix mutually with filler, and sets off by contrast the end 59 and can be provided with colour filter, block film (black matix) etc.Note, can use distribution type (dispenser type) (instillation type) method or immersion-type (pumping type) method to make liquid crystal layer, in the method, bonding set off by contrast the end 59 after, utilize a hair suction phenomenon injection liquid crystal.
Adopt the liquid crystal drop injection method of distribution method, using sealant to form a closed-loop, and the one or many liquid crystal that drips therein.Subsequently, bonding in a vacuum these two substrates, and use the space that obtains filling liquid crystal by ultra-violet curing.
Subsequently, provide the wiring plate that is used to connect, inserted anisotropic conductive layer therebetween.Wiring plate act as transmit outer signal and electromotive force.By above-mentioned steps, finished the making of display panels.
By above-mentioned steps, can produce liquid crystal display device with thin-film transistor of the present invention and semiconductor device.
The present embodiment is described the example that uses film crystal pipe manufacturer light-emitting display device of the present invention in conjunction with Figure 13.Similar with the description in the embodiment 2, form thin-film transistor in driving circuit section 150 on substrate 10 and the pixel portion 151.The layout of thin-film transistor and the impurity element that will be injected in the semiconductor layer are determined arbitrarily, specifically depend on its estimated performance.In the present embodiment, begin to be described from the step that forms interlayer dielectric 49, suppose to make by molybdenum and the driving transistors 152 of light-emitting component is the p transistor npn npn as second conductive layer of a gate electrode part.
In the present embodiment, interlayer dielectric 49 is made by siloxanes.For being coated in whole lip-deep siloxane polymer, heat treatment made its drying in 10 minutes under 50 to 200 ℃ temperature, carried out baking processing 1 to 12 hour subsequently to form interlayer dielectric 49 under 300 to 450 ℃ temperature.By this baking, forming thickness on whole surface is the siloxane film of 1 μ m.In this step, in the baking siloxane polymer, use hydrogen in the silicon nitride film 48 to carry out hydrogenation and carry out impurity activation in the semiconductor layer.
Subsequently, use CVD to prepare silicon oxynitride film or silicon oxynitride film to cover interlayer dielectric 49.This film serves as etching barrier layer, to prevent overetch interlayer dielectric when the conducting film that etching forms subsequently.Notice that preferably, it is enough that the thickness of silicon oxynitride film is wanted, so that can remove simultaneously when etching connects up, this reliability for the light-emitting component that forms subsequently has wholesome effect.
Subsequently, interlayer dielectric 49 is carried out graphical also etching to form the contact hole that arrives high concentration impurity 153 to 160 respectively.
Subsequently, the stacked metallic film of contact hole internal layer and with it graphically to form source electrode and drain electrode.In the present embodiment, form source electrode or drain electrode or the lead 161 to 167 with three-decker respectively, this three-decker is to pile up on substrate by the order of molybdenum, aluminium, molybdenum to form.
Then be to use above-mentioned semiconductor element to make the step of luminescent device subsequently.
In the luminescent device of Miao Shuing, the layer that comprises luminescent material is sandwiched between the pair of electrodes in the present embodiment, comes luminous element to be aligned to matrix by the electric current that flows between the electrode.
For the excitation state of light-emitting component, known have singlet to excite with three-state to excite, and think and can both obtain the light emission by any in these excitation state.Therefore, can in a luminescent device, be used in combination the element of singlet excitation state and the element of ternary excitation state, specifically depend on the performance of each element.For example, in RGB three looks, ternary excitation state element can be used for red emission, and singlet excitation state element can be used for blue and the green light emission.Notice that ternary excitation state element has high luminous efficiency usually, therefore help reducing of driving voltage.
For the material of light-emitting component, can adopt the luminescent material of low-molecular-weight luminescent material, HMW or the luminescent material of the intermediate molecular weight of performance between low-molecular-weight and high molecular weight material.In the present embodiment, adopted low-molecular-weight luminescent material.Can apply low molecular weight material or the high molecular weight material that is dissolved in the solvent by spin coated or ink-jet method.Note, not only can adopt organic material, but also can adopt the composite material of organic material and inorganic material.
First electrode 168 that forms light-emitting component covers the drain electrode 167 of the thin-film transistor that forms by abovementioned steps with part.First electrode 168 is as the male or female of light-emitting component.Under situation about using, preferably adopt the bigger metal of work function, alloy, conductive compound and these mixtures of material etc. as anode.The approximate index of work function is 4.0eV or bigger work function.As concrete material, can adopt ITO (indium tin oxide), in indium oxide, mix 2% to 20% zinc oxide (ZnO) IZO (indium-zinc oxide), in zinc oxide, mix the GZO of gallium, in indium oxide, mix 2% to 20% silica (SiO 2) ITSO, gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), palladium (Pd) and such as metal nitride materials of titanium nitride (TiN) etc.
On the other hand, under situation, preferably adopt the low metal of work function (suitable index is that work function is equal to or less than 3.8eV), alloy, conductive compound or its mixture etc. used as negative electrode.Particularly, can use 1 family that belongs in the periodic table of elements or the element of 2 families, promptly such as the alkali metal of lithium and caesium, such as the alkaline-earth metal of Mg, Ca, Sr,, comprise alloy (Mg-Ag or Al-Li) or compound (LiF, CsF or the CaF of these elements 2) or comprise the transition metal of rare earth metal.Yet, in the present embodiment, form second electrode, so this metal or the alloy phase that comprises this metal be when thin, and second electrode forms by piling up ITO, IZO, ITSO, GZO or other metal (comprising alloy) with transmitted ray.
In the present embodiment, first electrode 168 is as anode, and it uses ITSO.When using ITSO as electrode, can be by carrying out the reliability of vacuum bakeout raising luminescent device.
Note, in the present embodiment, make the source electrode or the drain electrode 161 to 167 of thin-film transistor earlier, make first electrode 168 again, yet, also can make first electrode 168 earlier, make the electrode of thin-film transistor subsequently.
Subsequently, form dielectric film 169 to cover the edge of first electrode 168.Dielectric film 169 is known as embankment or partition wall.Dielectric film 169 can adopt inorganic insulating membrane or organic insulating film.Can use silicon oxide film that CVD makes, silicon oxide film etc. by SOG (spin-on-glass) coating as inorganic insulating membrane.As organic insulating film, can adopt the film of making by following material: polyimides, polyamide, BCB (benzocyclobutene), acrylic acid or positive photosensitive organic resin, the minus photaesthesia organic resin of photosensitive or non-photosensitivity, or be called the material of siloxanes; Wherein siloxanes is a backbone structure with silicon-oxygen key, comprises as substituent hydrogen, perhaps further contains in fluorine, alkyl, the aromatic hydrocarbon at least a as substituting group.Perhaps, can use the laminated construction of these materials.When using photosensitive organic material dielectric film 169, the radius of curvature of hole shape changes continuously.Therefore, preferably use the photosensitive organic material, film can rupture hardly when its reason was to deposit electroluminescence layer.Present embodiment has adopted light-sensitive polyimide.
Subsequently, use a precipitation equipment and move its evaporation source simultaneously, deposition electroluminescence layer 170.Carry out this deposition in the film preparation chamber, this chamber is evacuated to 5 * 10 -3Torr (0.665Pa) or lower degree preferably are evacuated to 10 -4To 10 -6Torr.During deposition, the organic compound that is evaporated by resistance heating is in advance scattered to the substrate direction by opening shutter.The organic compound that the is evaporated scattering that makes progress, and be deposited on the substrate by the opening that is located in the metal mask, so just formed electroluminescence layer 170 (since a side of first electrode: hole injection layer, hole transport layer, luminescent layer, electron transport layer and electron injecting layer).Notice that the structure of electroluminescence layer 170 is not limited to this laminated construction, the number of lamination can be less, and can use two-layer compound layer with this function.In addition, can make electroluminescence layer 170 by individual layer or mixed layer.
In the present embodiment, be that the CuPc of 20nm makes hole injection layer by thickness, be that-NPB of 40nm makes hole transport layer by thickness, be that the A1q of 50nm makes luminescent layer by thickness, by thickness the Al-Li making electron injecting layer of 10nm.
Form after the electroluminescence layer 170, form second electrode 171 so that contact with electroluminescence layer 170.In the present embodiment, because first electrode 168 is as anode, therefore second electrode 171 forms negative electrode.Can use previous materials as negative electrode.In the present embodiment, forming thickness is that the aluminium film of 150nm is to form second electrode (negative electrode) 171.
In the present embodiment, have only first electrode 168 to be to use light transmitting material to make.Therefore, light is from the bottom surface outgoing of substrate.Figure 14 is the example of emission structure at top, wherein the pixel electrode 176 of thin-film transistor and source electrode or drain electrode 161 to 165,167, with 173 formation in different layers.Can use with Figure 13 in dielectric film 169 identical materials form first dielectric film 174 and second interlayer dielectric 175, and can arbitrarily determine the combination of these materials.In the present embodiment, these two layers all are to be made by siloxanes.The sequence stack of pressing Al-Si, TiN, ITSO on second interlayer dielectric 175 forms pixel electrode 176, yet pixel electrode also can or comprise two-layer, four layers or more multi-layered laminated construction for individual layer.
Figure 15 A to 15C shows end emission, two emission respectively, reaches the example of top emission.The end emitting structural of describing in the present embodiment is corresponding to structure shown in Figure 15 A.Two emission light-emitting device manufacture methods that can obtain light from two surfaces shown in Figure 15 B be: pile up the thin-material layers (thickness is enough thin with transmitted ray) that contains Li for 1200 times at second electrode, use such as ITO, ITSO, the light transmitting material that reaches IZO form second electrode.Note transmitted ray not when aluminium and silver are stacked into thick-layer, and transmit light when being stacked into thin layer.Therefore, use is made second electrode 1200 by aluminium or silver-colored film that thickness is enough to transmitted light, can realize two emitting structurals.
Figure 15 C shows the top emission light-emitting device corresponding with Figure 14.When the number of interlayer dielectric 1201 has increased for the moment with respect to the structure among Figure 15 A and the 15B, can also on thin-film transistor 1202, provide light-emitting component, on the angle of aperture ratio, this is the advantage of emission structure at top.
Adopt resistance heating to be difficult to deposit the transparency electrode of using in two emitting structurals or the emission structure at top, so this transparency electrode form by sputter or electron beam deposition such as ITO and ITSO.When adopting sputter or electron beam deposition to prepare second electrode 171, may damage the interface between electron injecting layer and the electron transport layer or the surface of electron injecting layer, therefore may have negative effect the performance of light-emitting component.In order to prevent this point, preferably use the littler material of degree that is subjected to this damage at the most close second electrode 171 places.Be subjected to the less and material that can be used for electroluminescence layer 170 of the degree of this damage to be for example molybdenum oxide (MoO x).Yet, because MoO xBe the preferred material of hole injection layer, therefore second electrode 171 is necessary for anode so that MoO xContact with second electrode 171.
Therefore, in this case, different with the structural order shown in (anode 1210, hole injection layer 1211, hole transport layer 1212, luminescent layer 1213, electron transport layer 1214, electron injecting layer 1215, and negative electrode 1216) among Figure 16 A, in the present embodiment, earlier first electrode 168 is made negative electrode 1220, make electron injecting layer 1221, electron transport layer 1222, luminescent layer 1223, hole transport layer 1224, hole injection layer (MoO afterwards as shown in the figure in the following order successively x) 1225 and second electrode (anode) 1226.In addition, the drive thin film transistors of pixel is necessary for the n type.In the present embodiment, the drive thin film transistors of light-emitting component 152 is the p transistor npn npn.Yet, using said elements, all crystals pipe on the substrate also can be the n transistor npn npn.
Form MoO by deposition x, and preferred the employing satisfied x=3 or bigger MoO xIn addition, by with organic metal synthetic or organic material coevaporation, with MoO such as CuPc (CuPc) xLayer is made the organic and inorganic composite bed.Using wherein under the situation of first electrode 168 as the above-mentioned light-emitting component of negative electrode, preferably, using with a-Si:H to be the transistor of the semiconductor layer thin-film transistor as pixel portion, because can simplify technology like this, wherein a-Si:H originally was the n type.When driving circuit section is formed on the identical substrate with pixel portion, preferably, only use laser radiation to make the driving circuit section crystallization.
Subsequently, adopt nitrogenous silicon oxide film to form passivating film 172 with plasma CVD.For nitrogenous silicon oxide film, can using plasma CVD method, use SiH 4, N 2O and NH 3Form silicon oxynitride film, use SiH 4And N 2O forms silicon oxynitride film, perhaps uses the SiH that is diluted by Ar 4And N 2O forms silicon oxynitride film.Perhaps, passivating film 172 can adopt and use SiH 4, N 2O and H 2Form the hydrogenation silicon oxynitride film.Nothing is pointed out that passivating film 172 is not limited to single layer structure, and it can be for individual layer or by using the film formed sandwich construction of other siliceous insulation.In addition, can use the multilayer of carbon nitride films and silicon nitride film, the multilayer of the carbon film of styrene polymer, silicon nitride film or diamond like carbon substitutes nitrogenous silicon oxide film, perhaps can use the silicon oxynitride film that contains of sandwich construction form.
Subsequently, in order to prevent that electroluminescent cell is subjected to the infringement of the material that worsens such as the promotion of water, sealing display part.When sealing display part, the end is seted off by contrast in use, use the bonding component substrate of insulated enclosure agent and set off by contrast the end to expose the external connecting branch.Can fill the space of setting off by contrast between the end and the component substrate with the inert gas such as drying nitrogen, perhaps sealant is seted off by contrast the end with formation on whole pixel portion.For sealant, preferably use ultraviolet solidifiable resin etc.Can be in sealant hybrid desiccant or keep the particle in identical gap.Subsequently, flexible circuit board is bonded to the external connecting branch, has so just finished the making of electroluminescence panel.
This electroluminescence panel is with monochrome, field color, display image such as panchromatic.Panchromatic display packing is further divided into the process for selective deposition of RGB reflector.In the method, form RGB by using colour filter by white light source, use color conversion filter etc. become short wavelength's color conversion long wavelength's color.In addition, can use colour filter to improve colour purity.
Notice that the present invention has in the light-emitting display device of Presentation Function, can use analog video signal and digital video signal.For digital video signal, the vision signal of working voltage and the vision signal of use electric current are arranged.When light-emitting component was luminous, the vision signal that inputs to pixel was used constant voltage or constant current.When vision signal is used constant voltage, be applied to the electric current that flows through in voltage on the light-emitting component or the light-emitting component and remain unchanged.On the other hand, when vision signal was used constant current, the electric current that flows through in voltage that applies on the light-emitting component or the light-emitting component remained unchanged.The preceding a kind of situation that applies constant voltage on light-emitting component is called constant voltage driving, and the back a kind of situation that flows through constant current in the light-emitting component is called constant-current driving.In constant-current driving, the current constant that flows through, and be not subjected to the influence of light-emitting component resistance variations.Light-emitting display device of the present invention and driving method thereof can use any one in the following method: the vision signal driving method of the vision signal driving method of working voltage and use electric current.In addition, can adopt in constant voltage driving and the constant-current driving any one.
Therefore, can provide a kind of display device, even when its semiconductor element is made on such as great substrates of the effect of contraction that is heated such as large-sized substrate, its work can not be affected.
Present embodiment is described image element circuit, protective circuit and operation thereof.
In the pixel shown in Figure 17 A, arrange holding wire 1410 and power line 1411 and 1412 along the direction of row, the direction that follows is arranged scan line 1414.Pixel comprises switching TFT 1401, drive TFT 1403, Current Control TFT 1404, capacitor 1402 and light-emitting component 1405.
Follow the power line 1412 that direction arranges except the gate electrode of TFT 1403 is connected to, pixel shown in Figure 17 C has identical configuration with pixel shown in Figure 17 A.That is to say that the circuit diagram of the pixel shown in Figure 17 A and the 17C is equivalence mutually.Yet it is film formed by the conduction of different layers following power line 1412 (Figure 17 A) that direction arranges and the power line of arranging along column direction 1412 (Figure 17 C).Being routed in here of gate electrode that is connected to drive TFT 1403 assembled, and described separately among Figure 17 A and the 17C is in order to illustrate that these wirings are formed by the layer that differs from one another.
In the pixel shown in Figure 17 A and the 17C, TFT 1403 connects with 1404 in the pixel.The channel length L of TFT 1403 (1403) and channel width W (1403) and channel length L (1404) and the channel width W (1404) of TFT 1404 preferably are configured to satisfy L (1403)/W (1403): L (1404)/W (1404)=5-6000:1.
TFT 1403 works in the current value that saturation region and control flows are crossed light-emitting component 1405, and TFT 1404 works in the electric current that linear zone and control are provided to light-emitting component 1405.From the angle of making step, two TFT are preferably with a kind of conduction type, and they are n type TFT in the present embodiment case.In addition, TFT 1403 not only can adopt enhancement mode TFT, can also adopt depletion type TFT.According to the present invention with said structure, TFT 1404 works in linear zone, so the slight variation of the Vg of TFT 1404 can not influence the current value of light-emitting component 1405.That is to say, can determine the current value of light-emitting component 1405 by the TFT 1403 that works in the saturation region.Therefore, can provide a kind of display device, wherein change, thereby improve picture quality by improving the light-emitting component brightness that causes by the TFT performance change.
Shown in Figure 17 A to 17D in the pixel, TFT 1401 is the TFT that are used to control the vision signal input of pixel.When TFT 1401 conductings and vision signal input pixel, the store voltages of vision signal is in capacitor 1402.Figure 17 A to 17C shows the configuration that capacitor 1402 wherein is set respectively, yet, the invention is not restricted to this, when can be when being used for the capacitor alternative gate electric capacity etc. of stored video signal, the unnecessary capacitor 1402 that provides.
Except TFT 1406 and scan line 1416 were provided in addition, pixel shown in Figure 17 B had identical configuration with pixel shown in Figure 17 A.Similarly, except TFT 1406 and scan line 1416 are provided in addition, identical with shown in Figure 17 C of dot structure shown in Figure 17 D.
Conducting by the scan line that provides in addition 1416 control TFT 1406 and ending.When the TFT1406 conducting, the electric charge that keeps in the capacitor 1402 is discharged, thereby TFT 1404 is ended.That is to say, by TFT 1406 is provided, can forced interruption be supplied to the electric current of light-emitting component 1405.Therefore, TFT 1406 can be called erasing TFT.Therefore, in the configuration shown in Figure 17 B and the 17D, before signal write all pixels, light period can begin simultaneously with write cycle time or be later than write cycle time slightly, thereby can improve duty ratio.
In the pixel shown in Figure 17 E, arrange holding wire 1410 and power line 1411 along column direction, and scan line 1414 follows the direction arrangement.This pixel comprises switching TFT 1401, drive TFT 1403, capacitor 1402 and light-emitting component 1405.Except TFT 1406 and scan line 1415 were provided in addition, pixel shown in Figure 17 F had identical configuration with pixel shown in Figure 17 E.Note, in the configuration of Figure 17 F, also can provide duty ratio by TFT 1406 is provided.
As previously mentioned, can adopt various image element circuit.Especially, when thin-film transistor is when being made by amorphous semiconductor film, preferably form the semiconductor film of large-sized drive TFT.Therefore, above-mentioned image element circuit is preferred for forming top emission type, and wherein the light of electroluminescence layer emits from seal substrate one side.
The advantage of the active luminescent device of this active is, when picture element density increases, because for each pixel provides TFT, so can under low-voltage, the working of device.
Present embodiment has been described an active matrix light emitting device, and a TFT wherein is provided in each pixel, yet, also can make the passive matrix luminescent device, wherein provide this TFT for every row.In the passive matrix luminescent device, owing to, therefore can obtain big percent opening not for each pixel provides TFT.For the luminescent device of light, adopt the passive matrix luminescent device can improve the optical transmission ratio from the both sides outgoing of electroluminescence layer.
What describe below is to adopt the situation of equivalent electric circuit shown in Figure 17 E and the protective circuit of diode as scan line and holding wire is provided.
In Figure 18, in pixel portion 1500, provide TFT 1401 and 1403, capacitor 1402 and light-emitting component 1405.Provide diode 1561 and 1562 to holding wire 1410.Similar with TFT 1401 and 1403, diode 1561 and 1562 respectively based on above-mentioned embodiment structure, and each diode comprises gate electrode, semiconductor layer, source electrode, drain electrode etc.By gate electrode being connected to drain electrode or source electrode, thereby realize the work of diode 1561 and 1562 respectively.
Use the layer identical to form the common potential line 1554 and 1555 that is connected to diode with gate electrode.Therefore, in order to be connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode of diode, need in gate insulation layer, form contact hole.
The diode 1563 and 1564 that provides for scan line 1414 has identical structure.
The example that can use electronic device of the present invention comprises video camera, digital camera, goggle-type display (head-mounted display), navigation system, audio reproduction (for example automobile audio component system), notebook-sized personal computer, game machine, portable data assistance (mobile computer for example, mobile phone, portable game machine, e-book), the image-reproducing means (refer to reproduce especially and can show the device of reproduced image) of being furnished with recording medium such as the recording medium of digital multifunctional CD (DVD).Figure 19 A to 19E shows the object lesson of these application.
Figure 19 A shows the light-emitting display device such as television receiver, and this device comprises shell 2001, display part 2003 and speaker portion 2004.The present invention is applied to display part 2003.According to the present invention, when improving display quality, can improve output.Can provide the polarizer or the circular polarizer to improve contrast in pixel portion.For example, in seal substrate, 1/4 λ plate film, 1/2 λ plate film can be provided successively and play inclined to one side film.In addition, can on the polarizer, provide anti-reflective film.
Figure 19 B shows mobile phone, and it comprises: fuselage 2101, shell 2102, display part 2103, audio frequency importation 2104, audio output part divide 2105, operation keys 2106, with antenna 2108.Luminescent device of the present invention is applied to display part 2103.According to the present invention, can improve output when improving display quality.
Figure 19 C shows notebook, and it comprises: fuselage 2201, shell 2202, display part 2203, keyboard 2204, external connection port 2205 and pointer mouse 2206.The present invention can be applied to display part 2203.According to the present invention, can improve output when improving display quality.
Figure 19 D shows mobile computer, and it comprises: fuselage 2301, display part 2302, switch 2303, operation keys 2304 and infrared port 2305.The present invention can be applied to display part 2302.According to the present invention, can improve output when improving display quality.
Figure 19 E shows portable game machine, and it comprises: shell 2401, display part 2402, speaker portion 2403, operation keys 2404 and recording medium loading station 2405.The present invention can be applied to display part 2402.According to the present invention, can improve output when improving display quality.
As previously mentioned, the present invention can quite be widely used in the electronic device in the various fields.In addition, show that the influence that be offset by mask is littler, make output be improved, product cheaply can be provided, and can provide picture quality high display device.
Figure 21 and 22 shows the picture that in fact adopts the semiconductor device that the present invention makes.
Picture shown in Figure 21 is an actual transistor of the present invention, and Fig. 4 illustrates its ideograph.Reference number among this figure is identical with reference number among Fig. 4.
Transistor 550 of the present invention is made of the transistor that the transistor AND gate that comprises semiconductor layer 501a comprises semiconductor layer 501b, wherein two transistorized each gate electrodes 502, source electrodes 504, be electrically connected mutually with drain electrode 503.Each drain electrode 503 among the figure does not connect, yet they are merged with mutual electrical connection outside the diagram scope.Semiconductor layer 501a equates with the width of 501b.When serving as the middle part with the gate electrode of semiconductor layer 501a, source electrode 504 is electrically connected to the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 501a by the contact hole that is positioned at the observer left side; And when serving as the middle part with the gate electrode of semiconductor layer 501b, source electrode 504 is electrically connected to the transistor that comprises semiconductor layer 501b by the contact hole that is positioned at the observer right side.On the opposite side of each semiconductor layer, connect drain electrode and wiring.
Gate electrode 502 is made of ground floor gate electrode and second layer gate electrode.Not with the ground floor gate electrode with each semiconductor layer doped of the second layer gate electrode p type or the n type impurity of low concentration.On the other hand, simultaneously neither mix p type impurity basically and also do not mix n type impurity with each semiconductor layer of ground floor gate electrode and second layer gate electrode.The remainder of each semiconductor layer is high-concentration dopant then.
By using this transistor to make circuit, the parasitic capacitor variations under second gate electrode and second gate electrode between the semiconductor layer of low concentration doping is suppressed, and can easily guarantee the work tolerance limit of this circuit.In addition, the reliability of the electronic device of circuit reliability and this circuit of use also can be improved.
The of the present invention transistorized picture of Figure 22 for adopting another kind of layout to form.In Figure 22, transistor 255 of the present invention is made of 60 transistors, and each transistor comprises semiconductor layer 251, by the two-layer gate electrode that constitutes 252, source electrode with connect up 253 and drain electrode and wiring 254.
Be electrically connected mutually between these 60 transistorized gate electrodes, between the electrode of source and between the drain electrode, and these 60 transistors are imported identical signal and are exported identical wiring to.In these 60 transistors, wherein the transistorized number that flows through with first direction shown in Figure 22 of electric current equals the transistorized number that electric current wherein flows through with second direction.In addition, electric current with flow through transistorized of first direction and only with the width summation of each semiconductor layer of second layer gate electrode and electric current with flow through transistorized of second direction and only probably equate with the overall width of each semiconductor layer of second layer gate electrode.Therefore, can make transistor of the present invention, wherein second layer gate electrode along first direction and second direction depart from allowable deviation greater than traditional structure, to guarantee the work tolerance limit.
The Japanese patent application No. No.2004-071793 that present patent application was submitted to Japan Patent office based on March 12nd, 2004, the full content of this patent application is referred to herein as a reference.
1. transistor comprises:
First semiconductor island;
Second semiconductor island;
First grid electrode on first semiconductor island is inserted with dielectric film between the first grid electrode and first semiconductor island; And
Second gate electrode on second semiconductor island is inserted with dielectric film between second gate electrode and second semiconductor island,
Wherein first semiconductor island comprises first source region, first drain region and first channel region between first source region and first drain region,
Wherein second semiconductor island comprises second source region, second drain region and second channel region between second source region and second drain region,
Wherein first source region and second source region are electrically connected mutually,
Wherein first drain region and second drain region are electrically connected mutually,
Wherein flow through first sense of current and second current opposite in direction that flows through second channel region of second semiconductor island of first channel region of first semiconductor island.
2. according to the transistor of claim 1, wherein each in the first grid electrode and second gate electrode all comprises the ground floor and the second layer.
3. according to the transistor of claim 1, wherein first source region, second source region, first drain region and second drain region all comprise a kind of in n type impurity element and the p type impurity element.
4. according to the transistor of claim 2,
Wherein the second layer of first semiconductor island and first grid electrode is overlapping but do not comprise a kind of in n type impurity element and the p type impurity element with the overlapping first of the ground floor of first grid electrode, and concentration is lower than the impurity concentration in first source region, second source region, first drain region and second drain region
Wherein the second layer of second semiconductor island and second gate electrode is overlapping but do not comprise a kind of in n type impurity element and the p type impurity element with the overlapping second portion of the ground floor of second gate electrode, and concentration is lower than the impurity concentration in first source region, second source region, first drain region and second drain region.
5. according to the transistor of claim 1, wherein the width of first channel region equals the width of second channel region.
6. according to the transistor of claim 1, wherein this transistor junction is combined at least a device that is selected from following group, and described group comprises: video camera, digital camera, goggle-type display, head-mounted display, navigation system, audio reproducing apparatus, automobile audio component system, personal computer, game machine, portable data assistance, mobile computer, mobile phone, portable game machine, e-book, be furnished with the image-reproducing means of recording medium.
7. transistor comprises:
Semiconductor layer;
First grid electrode on semiconductor layer is inserted with dielectric film between first grid electrode and semiconductor layer; And
Second gate electrode on semiconductor layer, described dielectric film are inserted between second gate electrode and the semiconductor layer,
Wherein semiconductor layer comprise first source region, second source region, drain region, at first channel region between first source region and this drain region and second channel region between second source region and this drain region,
Wherein flow through first sense of current and second current opposite in direction that flows through semiconductor layer second channel region of semiconductor layer first channel region.
8. according to the transistor of claim 7, wherein each in the first grid electrode and second gate electrode all comprises the ground floor and the second layer.
9. according to the transistor of claim 7, wherein first source region, second source region and drain region all comprise a kind of in n type impurity element and the p type impurity element.
10. transistor according to Claim 8,
Wherein the second layer of semiconductor layer and first grid electrode is overlapping but do not comprise a kind of in n type impurity element and the p type impurity element with the overlapping first of the ground floor of first grid electrode, and concentration is lower than the impurity concentration in first source region, second source region and drain region,
Wherein the second layer of the semiconductor layer and second gate electrode is overlapping but do not comprise a kind of in n type impurity element and the p type impurity element with the overlapping second portion of the ground floor of second gate electrode, and concentration is lower than the impurity concentration in first source region, second source region and drain region.
11. according to the transistor of claim 7, wherein the width of first channel region equals the width of second channel region.
12. transistor according to claim 7, wherein this transistor junction is combined at least a device that is selected from following group, and described group comprises: video camera, digital camera, goggle-type display, head-mounted display, navigation system, audio reproducing apparatus, automobile audio component system, personal computer, game machine, portable data assistance, mobile computer, mobile phone, portable game machine, e-book, be furnished with the image-reproducing means of recording medium.
13. a transistor comprises:
A plurality of first semiconductor islands;
A plurality of second semiconductor islands;
Be formed on the dielectric film on a plurality of first and second semiconductor islands; And
Be formed on the gate electrode on the dielectric film with ground floor and second layer,
Wherein each first semiconductor island comprises first source region, first drain region and first channel region between first source region and first drain region,
Wherein each second semiconductor island comprises second source region, second drain region and second channel region between second source region and second drain region,
Wherein each second source region of each first source region of these a plurality of first semiconductor islands and these a plurality of second semiconductor islands is electrically connected mutually,
Wherein each second drain region of each first drain region of these a plurality of first semiconductor islands and these a plurality of second semiconductor islands is electrically connected mutually,
Wherein flow through first sense of current and second current opposite in direction that flows through second channel region of each second semiconductor island of first channel region of each first semiconductor island.
14. according to the transistor of claim 13, wherein the width summation of first channel region equals the width summation of second channel region.
15. transistor according to claim 13, wherein this transistor junction is combined at least a device that is selected from following group, and described group comprises: video camera, digital camera, goggle-type display, head-mounted display, navigation system, audio reproducing apparatus, automobile audio component system, personal computer, game machine, portable data assistance, mobile computer, mobile phone, portable game machine, e-book, be furnished with the image-reproducing means of recording medium.
16. a method that is used to make thin-film transistor comprises the steps:
On substrate, form first semiconductor island and second semiconductor island;
On first semiconductor island and second semiconductor island, form gate insulating film;
On first semiconductor island and second semiconductor island, form the ground floor gate electrode that is electrically connected mutually;
Use the ground floor gate electrode to be mask, mix a kind of in p type impurity and the n type impurity to first semiconductor island and second semiconductor island with first concentration;
Activate a kind of in p type impurity and the n type impurity by heat treatment;
On the ground floor gate electrode, form second layer gate electrode;
Utilize second layer gate electrode to be mask, mix a kind of in p type impurity and the n type impurity with the higher concentration that is higher than first concentration to first semiconductor island and second semiconductor island, make in first semiconductor island to form first source region and first drain region, and make and in second semiconductor island, form second source region and second drain region;
Form interlayer dielectric to cover first semiconductor island, second semiconductor island, second layer gate electrode and gate insulating film;
In this interlayer dielectric, form the contact hole that arrives first source region, second source region, first drain region and second drain region respectively;
On this interlayer dielectric and in the contact hole, form conducting film; And
Carry out graphical and etching connects up, is electrically connected to the source electrode in first source region and second source region and is electrically connected to first drain region and the drain electrode in second drain region to form to conducting film,
Wherein arrange first source region to make its right side that is arranged on second layer gate electrode,
Wherein arrange second source region to make its left side that is arranged on second layer gate electrode,
Wherein the shape of the second portion of the shape of first semiconductor layer and the first of second layer gate electrode and second semiconductor layer and second layer gate electrode is identical.
17. a method that is used to make thin-film transistor comprises the steps:
On substrate, form semiconductor layer;
On semiconductor layer, form gate insulating film;
Be overlapped in first ground floor gate electrode of formation and second ground floor gate electrode on the gate insulating film of semiconductor layer;
Utilize first ground floor gate electrode and second ground floor gate electrode as mask, mix a kind of in p type impurity and the n type impurity to semiconductor layer with first concentration;
On first ground floor gate electrode, form first second layer gate electrode;
On second ground floor gate electrode, form second second layer gate electrode;
Utilize first second layer gate electrode and second second layer gate electrode as mask, mix a kind of in p type impurity and the n type impurity, make in semiconductor layer, to form first source region, second source region and the drain region that impurity concentration is higher than first concentration to semiconductor layer;
Form interlayer dielectric to cover semiconductor layer, first second layer gate electrode and second second layer gate electrode;
In interlayer dielectric, form the contact hole that arrives first source region, second source region and drain region respectively;
On interlayer dielectric and in the contact hole, form conducting film; And
Carry out graphical and the drain electrode of etching to conducting film to form wiring, to be electrically connected to the source electrode in first source region and second source region and to be electrically connected to the drain region respectively,
Wherein first source region is arranged on the right side in drain region,
Wherein second source region is arranged on the left side in drain region,
Wherein the shape of the second portion of the shape of semiconductor layer and the first of first second layer gate electrode and semiconductor layer and second second layer gate electrode is identical,
Wherein first ground floor gate electrode and second ground floor gate electrode are electrically connected mutually.
CNB2005100547137A 2004-03-12 2005-03-14 Thin film transistor, semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same CN100511712C (en)
JP2004071793 2004-03-12
JP71793/04 2004-03-12
CN1667840A CN1667840A (en) 2005-09-14
CN100511712C true CN100511712C (en) 2009-07-08
ID=34918598
CNB2005100547137A CN100511712C (en) 2004-03-12 2005-03-14 Thin film transistor, semiconductor device, and method for manufacturing the same
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CN (1) CN100511712C (en)
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