Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP6288590B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-08-15 15:18:02
Document Index: 183738589

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 104', 'art 110', 'art 111', 'art 114', 'art 102', 'art 106', 'art 106']

JP6288590B2 - Vehicle control device, vehicle control method, and vehicle control program - Google Patents
JP6288590B2
JP6288590B2 JP2016051136A JP2016051136A JP6288590B2 JP 6288590 B2 JP6288590 B2 JP 6288590B2 JP 2016051136 A JP2016051136 A JP 2016051136A JP 2016051136 A JP2016051136 A JP 2016051136A JP 6288590 B2 JP6288590 B2 JP 6288590B2
JP2016051136A
JP2017165201A (en
政宣 武田
2016-03-15 Application filed by 本田技研工業株式会社 filed Critical 本田技研工業株式会社
2016-03-15 Priority to JP2016051136A priority Critical patent/JP6288590B2/en
2017-09-21 Publication of JP2017165201A publication Critical patent/JP2017165201A/en
2018-03-07 Publication of JP6288590B2 publication Critical patent/JP6288590B2/en
238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
Conventionally, a support start unit that starts lane change support, a detection unit that detects the relative distance and relative speed between the host vehicle and another vehicle, and a collision when the host vehicle changes lanes based on the relative distance and relative speed A deriving unit for deriving the degree of danger with respect to other vehicles, a first determining unit for determining whether or not the lane can be changed based on the relative distance, the relative speed and the collision risk, and the relative distance and the relative speed when the lane cannot be changed. A determination unit for determining a target space for changing lanes based on the second determination unit for determining whether there is a space in the target space where the lane can be changed, and a target toward the lane change standby position when there is no space. There is known a driving support device that includes a setting unit that sets a target speed toward a lane changeable position and a control unit that controls the speed of the host vehicle to be the target speed when the speed is set and there is a space. (E.g. , See Patent Document 1).
Even with conventional technology, a safe lane change can be realized. However, the higher the safety of the vehicle, the better. Here, in the generation of the target track for changing the lane, the safety of the vehicle may be further improved.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle control device, a vehicle control method, and a vehicle control program that can further enhance safety.
The invention according to claim 1 includes: a preceding vehicle that travels immediately before the host vehicle in the host lane; and a front reference vehicle that travels immediately before the lane change target position of the host vehicle in an adjacent lane adjacent to the host lane. A detection unit (DT) for detecting, an estimation unit (113) for estimating the positions of the preceding vehicle and the forward reference vehicle detected at a plurality of future times detected by the detection unit, and the estimation unit position before run a first position in which the vehicle provided with a rear margin, the future of the plurality of times of the forward reference vehicle estimated by the estimation unit on the rear side relative to the position at a future multiple times run before the vehicle The second position provided with a front reference vehicle rear margin on the rear side with respect to the vehicle is compared in one dimension along the vehicle traveling direction, and the first position and the second position are compared in the one dimension. Self The position closer to both With reference to the front side, the constraint positions of the lane change of the vehicle to the adjacent lane, deriving unit that derives on the one-dimensional for each of the plurality of times (115 ), And a target trajectory for changing the lane based on the restriction position of the lane change of the host vehicle to the adjacent lane derived on the one dimension for each of the plurality of times by the derivation unit A vehicle control device (100) comprising a track generation unit (116).
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the detection unit detects a rear reference vehicle traveling immediately after the lane change target position in the adjacent lane, and the estimation unit is configured to detect the rear reference. The position of the vehicle at a plurality of times at the future is estimated, and the deriving unit is a rear reference on the one-dimensional front side with respect to the position at the plurality of times at the future of the rear reference vehicle estimated by the estimation unit. a third position in which a vehicle front margins by the rear side of the reference is intended to derive the restriction position on the one-dimensional.
The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the preceding vehicle is based on at least one of the state of the host vehicle, the state of the preceding vehicle, and the state of the front reference vehicle. A setting unit (114) for setting at least one of a rear margin and a front reference vehicle rear margin is further provided, and the derivation unit has the front vehicle rear margin having a size set by the setting unit. And at least one of the front reference vehicle rear margin is provided to derive the constraint position for each of a plurality of future times of the host vehicle.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the setting unit includes a speed of the host vehicle, a speed of the preceding vehicle, a speed of the front reference vehicle, the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle . The size of at least one of the preceding vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin is set based on at least one of the relative speed of the vehicle and the relative speed between the host vehicle and the front reference vehicle. is there.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the setting unit determines an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle or the front reference vehicle in the vehicle traveling direction with the host vehicle. the first margin amount is derived based on the collision tolerable time obtained by dividing a relative speed between the front run the vehicle or the front reference vehicle, the in the vehicle traveling direction the vehicle and the front run the vehicle or the front A second margin amount is derived based on the vehicle head time obtained by dividing the inter-vehicle distance from the reference vehicle by the speed of the host vehicle, and at least one of the first margin amount and the second margin amount is obtained. Based on this, the size of the front vehicle rear margin or the front reference vehicle rear margin is set.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the fifth aspect of the invention, the setting unit compares the first margin amount with the second margin amount, and compares the first margin amount with the second margin amount. Based on whichever is larger, the size of the preceding vehicle rear margin or the front reference vehicle rear margin is set.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the setting unit is configured to determine whether the preceding running vehicle rear margin or the front reference vehicle is based on a weighted sum of the first margin amount and the second margin amount. Sets the size of the back margin .
Invention of claim 8, in the invention of any one of claims of claims 3 7, wherein the setting unit, the vehicle width of the vehicle required in order to avoid the vehicle run before the in the own lane The size of the forward vehicle rear margin is set based on the amount of direction movement.
The invention of claim 9, wherein, in the invention according to any one of claims 3 8, wherein the setting unit, based on said at least one of the behavior of the before and run the vehicle with the front reference vehicle before A size of at least one of the running vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin is set.
The invention according to claim 10 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the front vehicle rear margin is based on at least one of the front vehicle and the front reference vehicle. And a setting unit for setting at least one of the front reference vehicle rear margin, and the derivation unit includes the front running vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle having a size set by the setting unit. By providing at least one of the rear margin, the restriction position for each of a plurality of future times of the host vehicle is derived.
The invention according to claim 11 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the front running vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin are based on an environment in which the host vehicle travels. A setting unit configured to set at least one size, wherein the derivation unit provides at least one of the front vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin of a size set by the setting unit; Thus, the constraint position for each of a plurality of future times of the host vehicle is derived.
The invention of claim 12, wherein, in the invention of claim 11, wherein said setting unit, the front run vehicle rear margin on the basis of the magnitude relation between the average speed in the same lane, the average vehicle speed before Kitonari contact lane And at least one of the front reference vehicle rear margin is set.
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the in-vehicle computer travels immediately before the lane change target position of the host vehicle in a preceding vehicle that travels immediately before the host vehicle in the host lane and in an adjacent lane adjacent to the host lane. detecting a reference vehicle, and estimates the position of the detected future multiple times of the pre-run vehicle and the front reference vehicle relative to the position in the estimated future multiple times of the pre-run vehicle A first position in which a front vehicle rear margin is provided on the rear side, and a second position in which a front reference vehicle rear margin is provided on the rear side relative to the estimated positions of the front reference vehicle at a plurality of future times. Are compared in one dimension along the vehicle traveling direction, and the position closer to the host vehicle on the one dimension in the first position and the second position is used as a reference on the front side. Next to Constraint position of lane change of the vehicle to the lane, derived on the one-dimensional for each of the plurality of times, said to the adjacent lane, each being the derivation on the one-dimensional plurality of times This is a vehicle control method for generating a target track for changing a lane based on a restriction position for changing the lane of the host vehicle .
According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, an in-vehicle computer has a front-running vehicle that travels in front of the host vehicle in the host lane, and a front that travels in front of the lane change target position of the host vehicle in an adjacent lane adjacent to the host lane. A reference vehicle is detected, positions of the detected preceding vehicle and the forward reference vehicle are estimated at a plurality of future times, and the estimated positions of the preceding vehicle at a plurality of future times are estimated. A first position in which a front vehicle rear margin is provided on the rear side, and a second position in which a front reference vehicle rear margin is provided on the rear side relative to the estimated positions of the front reference vehicle at a plurality of future times. Are compared in one dimension along the vehicle traveling direction, and the position closer to the host vehicle on the one dimension in the first position and the second position is used as a reference on the front side. Previous Constraint position of lane change of the vehicle to the adjacent lane, for each of the plurality of times is derived on the one-dimensional, said each of the plurality of time is derived on the one-dimensional to the adjacent lane It is a vehicle control program for generating a target track for changing a lane based on a restriction position for changing the lane of the host vehicle .
According to the inventions of claims 1, 13, and 14 , the first position where a margin is provided on the rear side of the preceding vehicle traveling in the own lane, and the margin on the rear side of the front reference vehicle traveling in the adjacent lane. By comparing the provided second position with a one-dimensional comparison along the direction of travel of the vehicle, the constraint position of the lane change of the vehicle to the adjacent lane is calculated, and the situation of the lane with a relatively small calculation load The vehicle change control can be performed in consideration of the situation of the vehicle and the adjacent lane.
According to the invention described in claim 2, appropriate restriction positions are set at the rear of the preceding vehicle in the own lane, the rear of the front reference vehicle in the adjacent lane, and the front of the rear reference vehicle in the adjacent lane. For this reason, a target track having a margin is generated with respect to various peripheral vehicles traveling in the own lane and the adjacent lane, and the lane change safety can be further enhanced.
According to the invention described in claims 3 to 12, the state of the own vehicle (speed, acceleration, etc.), the state of the surrounding vehicle (speed, acceleration, behavior, etc.), the size of the surrounding vehicle (vehicle width, vehicle case, etc.), The size of the margin is set based on at least one of the environment in which the host vehicle travels (lane type, road gradient, curvature of curve, weather condition, road surface condition, visibility condition, etc.). Thereby, the size of the margin is flexibly set according to various situations, and a safer target trajectory is generated.
It is a figure which shows the component which the vehicle (own vehicle M) with which the vehicle control apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment is mounted. It is a functional lineblock diagram of self-vehicles M centering on vehicle control device 100 concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows a mode that the relative position of the own vehicle M with respect to a driving | running | working lane is recognized by the own vehicle position recognition part 104. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the action plan produced | generated about a certain area. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process for the lane change control part 110 which concerns on 1st Embodiment to perform track generation. It is a figure which shows a mode that the target position setting part 111 which concerns on 1st Embodiment sets the target position TA. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the own vehicle M and surrounding vehicle mA, mB, mC in the present time and several time in the future. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the collision margin time TTC, the vehicle head time THW, the moving amount | distance in a vehicle width direction, and the margin amount derived | led-out based on these elements. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow which the margin amount setting part 114 which concerns on 1st Embodiment sets the magnitude | size of the front running vehicle back margin MGA. It is a top view which shows the reference point P of the own vehicle M which the vehicle control apparatus 100 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment recognizes. It is a top view which shows the reference points P1 and P2 of the own vehicle M which the vehicle control apparatus 100 which concerns on the 1st modification of 2nd Embodiment recognizes. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between the reference points P1, P2 of the own vehicle M and the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC at the current time and a plurality of future times according to the first modification of the second embodiment. It is a top view which shows the reference points P1, P2, P3, P4 of the own vehicle M which the vehicle control apparatus 100 which concerns on the 2nd modification of 2nd Embodiment recognizes.
Hereinafter, embodiments of a vehicle control device, a vehicle control method, and a vehicle control program of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating components included in a vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a host vehicle M) on which the vehicle control device 100 according to the first embodiment is mounted. The vehicle on which the vehicle control device 100 is mounted is, for example, an automobile such as a two-wheel, three-wheel, or four-wheel vehicle. And a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Moreover, the electric vehicle mentioned above is driven using the electric power discharged by batteries, such as a secondary battery, a hydrogen fuel cell, a metal fuel cell, an alcohol fuel cell, for example.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle includes sensors such as finders 20-1 to 20-7, radars 30-1 to 30-6, and a camera 40, a navigation device 50, and the vehicle control device 100 described above. Installed. The finders 20-1 to 20-7 are, for example, LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) that measures scattered light with respect to irradiation light and measures the distance to the target. For example, the finder 20-1 is attached to a front grill or the like, and the finders 20-2 and 20-3 are attached to a side surface of a vehicle body, a door mirror, the inside of a headlamp, a side lamp, and the like. The finder 20-4 is attached to a trunk lid or the like, and the finders 20-5 and 20-6 are attached to the side surface of the vehicle body, the interior of the taillight, or the like. The above-described viewfinders 20-1 to 20-6 have a detection range of about 150 degrees in the horizontal direction, for example. The finder 20-7 is attached to a roof or the like. The finder 20-7 has a detection range of 360 degrees in the horizontal direction, for example.
FIG. 2 is a functional configuration diagram of the host vehicle M around the vehicle control device 100 according to the first embodiment. In the host vehicle M, in addition to the finder 20, the radar 30, and the camera 40, the communication device 45, the navigation device 50, the vehicle sensor 60, the operation device 70, the operation detection sensor 72, the changeover switch 80, the traveling A driving force output device 90, a steering device 92, a brake device 94, and a vehicle control device 100 are mounted.
The communication device 45 includes an antenna and a wireless circuit electrically connected to the antenna. For example, the communication device 45 performs wireless communication with a communication satellite or a communication device installed on a road, and acquires information related to the environment in which the host vehicle M travels, such as weather conditions, road surface conditions, and visibility conditions. Note that all or part of the communication device 45 may be realized by one function of a terminal device such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal held by the user. In this case, information is transmitted and received between the terminal device and the vehicle control device 100 by wireless or wired communication.
The navigation device 50 includes a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver, map information (navigation map), a touch panel display device that functions as a user interface, a speaker, a microphone, and the like. The navigation device 50 identifies the position of the host vehicle M using the GNSS receiver, and derives a route from the position to the destination specified by the user. The route derived by the navigation device 50 is stored in the storage unit 130 as route information 134. The position of the host vehicle M may be specified or supplemented by an INS (Inertial Navigation System) using the output of the vehicle sensor 60. In addition, the navigation device 50 guides the route to the destination by voice or navigation display when the vehicle control device 100 is executing the manual operation mode. The configuration for specifying the position of the host vehicle M may be provided independently of the navigation device 50. Moreover, the navigation apparatus 50 may be implement | achieved by one function of terminal devices, such as a smart phone and a tablet terminal which a user holds, for example. In this case, information is transmitted and received between the terminal device and the vehicle control device 100 by wireless or wired communication.
The vehicle sensor 60 includes a vehicle speed sensor that detects the speed (vehicle speed) of the host vehicle M, an acceleration sensor that detects acceleration, a yaw rate sensor that detects angular velocity around the vertical axis, a direction sensor that detects the direction of the host vehicle M, and the like. .
The operation device 70 includes, for example, an accelerator pedal, a steering wheel, a brake pedal, a shift lever, and the like. The operation device 70 is provided with an operation detection sensor 72 that detects the presence / absence and amount of operation by the driver. The operation detection sensor 72 includes, for example, an accelerator opening sensor, a steering torque sensor, a brake sensor, a shift position sensor, and the like. The operation detection sensor 72 outputs the accelerator opening, the steering torque, the brake depression amount, the shift position, and the like as detection results to the travel control unit 120. Instead of this, the detection result of the operation detection sensor 72 may be directly output to the travel driving force output device 90, the steering device 92, or the brake device 94.
The changeover switch 80 is a switch operated by a driver or the like. The changeover switch 80 may be a mechanical switch or a GUI (Graphical User Interface) switch provided in a touch panel display device of the navigation device 50. The change-over switch 80 is operated in a manual operation mode in which the driver manually operates and in an automatic operation in which the driver does not perform an operation (or the operation amount is smaller or the operation frequency is lower than that in the manual operation mode). A switching instruction with the mode is received, and a control mode designation signal for designating the control mode by the traveling control unit 120 as either the automatic operation mode or the manual operation mode is generated.
The traveling driving force output device 90 includes, for example, one or both of an engine and a traveling motor. When traveling driving force output device 90 has only an engine, traveling driving force output device 90 further includes an engine ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that controls the engine. For example, the engine ECU controls the driving force (torque) for the vehicle to travel by adjusting the throttle opening, the shift stage, and the like according to information input from the travel control unit 120. When travel drive force output device 90 has only a travel motor, travel drive force output device 90 includes a motor ECU that drives the travel motor. For example, the motor ECU controls the driving force for driving the vehicle by adjusting the duty ratio of the PWM signal applied to the driving motor. When the traveling driving force output device 90 includes both the engine and the traveling motor, both the engine ECU and the motor ECU cooperate to control the traveling driving force.
The steering device 92 includes, for example, an electric motor that can change the direction of the steered wheels by applying a force to a rack and pinion function or the like, a steering angle sensor that detects a steering steering angle (or actual steering angle), and the like. The steering device 92 drives the electric motor in accordance with information input from the travel control unit 120.
The brake device 94 includes a master cylinder to which a brake operation performed on the brake pedal is transmitted as hydraulic pressure, a reservoir tank that stores brake fluid, a brake actuator that adjusts a braking force output to each wheel, and the like. The brake device 94 controls the brake actuator and the like so that a desired magnitude of brake torque is output to each wheel in accordance with information input from the travel control unit 120. The brake device 94 is not limited to the electronically controlled brake device that operates by the hydraulic pressure described above, but may be an electronically controlled brake device that operates by an electric actuator.
Hereinafter, the vehicle control apparatus 100 will be described. The vehicle control apparatus 100 includes, for example, an external environment recognition unit 102, a vehicle position recognition unit 104, an action plan generation unit 106, a lane change control unit 110, a travel control unit 120, a control switching unit 122, and a storage unit. 130. Some or all of the external world recognition unit 102, the vehicle position recognition unit 104, the action plan generation unit 106, the lane change control unit 110, the travel control unit 120, and the control switching unit 122 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like. It is a software function unit that functions when a processor executes a program. Some or all of these may be hardware function units such as LSI (Large Scale Integration) and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). The storage unit 130 is realized by a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a flash memory, or the like. The program may be stored in the storage unit 130 in advance, or may be downloaded from an external device via an in-vehicle internet facility or the like. The program may be installed in the storage unit 130 by attaching a portable storage medium storing the program to a drive device (not shown).
Based on the outputs of the finder 20, radar 30, camera 40, etc., the external recognition unit 102 determines the state of the surrounding vehicle (position, speed, acceleration, behavior, etc.) and the size of the surrounding vehicle (vehicle width, vehicle case, etc.). recognize. The peripheral vehicle in the present embodiment is a vehicle that travels around the host vehicle M and travels in the same direction as the host vehicle M. The position of the surrounding vehicle may be represented by a representative point such as the center of gravity or corner of the other vehicle, or may be represented by a region expressed by the contour of the other vehicle. The “behavior” of the surrounding vehicle may include whether or not the surrounding vehicle is changing the lane (or whether or not it is about to change). For example, the external environment recognition unit 102 may change the lane of the surrounding vehicle based on the history of the position of the surrounding vehicle, the position of the surrounding vehicle relative to the boundary between the own lane and the adjacent lane, or the operating state of the direction indicator. Recognize whether or not (or whether or not). Further, the “behavior” of the surrounding vehicle may include whether or not the traveling state of the surrounding vehicle is stable. That the running state is stable means that the running of the surrounding vehicle is not staggered in the vehicle width direction, the brake is not stepped on frequently, and the like.
Further, the outside recognition unit 102 may detect the average vehicle speed of the surrounding vehicles traveling in the own lane and the average vehicle speed of the surrounding vehicles traveling in the adjacent lane based on the outputs of the finder 20, the radar 30, the camera 40, and the like. Good. In addition to the surrounding vehicles, the external environment recognition unit 102 may recognize the positions of guardrails, utility poles, parked vehicles, pedestrians, and other objects. Hereinafter, the combination of the finder 20, the radar 30, the camera 40, and the external recognition unit 102 is referred to as a “detection unit DT” that detects surrounding vehicles. The detection unit DT may further recognize the state of the surrounding vehicle (position, speed, acceleration, behavior, etc.) and the size of the surrounding vehicle (vehicle width, vehicle case, etc.) through communication with the surrounding vehicle.
Further, the external environment recognition unit 102 recognizes the state of the environment in which the host vehicle M travels based on information acquired through the communication device 45, for example. For example, the external environment recognition unit 102 is based on information acquired through the communication device 45, such as weather conditions (rain and snow conditions), road surface conditions (wet or frozen road surfaces, etc.), and visibility conditions (fog and smog conditions). Etc). In addition, the external environment recognition part 102 may recognize a weather condition, a road surface condition, a visibility condition, etc. based on the output of the camera 40 etc., for example. The detection unit DT of the present embodiment is also a detection unit that detects the state of the environment in which the host vehicle M travels. The communication device 45 constitutes a part of the detection unit DT.
The own vehicle position recognition unit 104 is based on the map information 132 stored in the storage unit 130 and information input from the finder 20, the radar 30, the camera 40, the navigation device 50, or the vehicle sensor 60. The state (position, speed, acceleration, etc.) is recognized. For example, the host vehicle position recognition unit 104 may recognize a representative point such as the center of gravity or corner of the host vehicle M as the position of the host vehicle M, or the area represented by the contour of the host vehicle M It may be recognized as a position. The own vehicle position recognizing unit 104 recognizes the lane in which the own vehicle M is traveling (the own lane) and the relative position of the own vehicle M with respect to the own lane based on the information of the various devices. The map information 132 is, for example, map information with higher accuracy than the navigation map included in the navigation device 50, and includes information on the center of the lane or information on the boundary of the lane. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating how the vehicle position recognition unit 104 recognizes the relative position of the vehicle M with respect to the travel lane. For example, the vehicle position recognition unit 104 automatically detects the deviation OS of the reference point (for example, the center of gravity) of the host vehicle M from the travel lane center CL and the line connecting the travel lane center CL in the traveling direction of the host vehicle M. The angle θ formed by the vehicle M is recognized as the relative position of the host vehicle M with respect to the traveling lane. Instead, the host vehicle position recognition unit 104 may recognize the position of the reference point of the host vehicle M with respect to any side edge of the traveling lane as the relative position of the host vehicle M with respect to the traveling lane. Good.
For example, the map information 132 (or the navigation map included in the navigation device 50) stored in the storage unit 130 includes a lane lane type (type of traveling lane, overtaking lane, climbing lane, etc.), road gradient, and curve curvature. Such information may be included. The own vehicle position recognition unit 104 is based on, for example, map information 132 (or a navigation map included in the navigation device 50) and information input from the finder 20, the radar 30, the camera 40, the navigation device 50, or the vehicle sensor 60. The lane type of the lane in which the host vehicle M travels, the road gradient, the curvature of the curve, and the like may be recognized. The own vehicle position recognition unit 104 constitutes a part of the detection unit DT that detects the state of the environment in which the own vehicle M travels.
The action plan generation unit 106 generates an action plan in a predetermined section. The predetermined section is, for example, a section that passes through a toll road such as an expressway among the routes derived by the navigation device 50. Not only this but the action plan production | generation part 106 may produce | generate an action plan about arbitrary sections.
The action plan is composed of, for example, a plurality of events that are sequentially executed. Examples of the event include a deceleration event for decelerating the host vehicle M, an acceleration event for accelerating the host vehicle M, a lane keeping event for driving the host vehicle M so as not to deviate from the traveling lane, and a lane change event for changing the traveling lane. In the overtaking event in which the own vehicle M overtakes the preceding vehicle, in the branch event in which the own vehicle M is changed so as not to deviate from the current driving lane, or in the lane junction point A merging event for accelerating / decelerating the vehicle M and changing the traveling lane is included. For example, when a junction (branch point) exists on a toll road (for example, an expressway), the vehicle control device 100 changes the lane so that the own vehicle M travels in the direction of the destination in the automatic driving mode. Need to maintain lanes. Therefore, when it is determined that the junction exists on the route with reference to the map information 132, the action plan generation unit 106 from the current position (coordinates) of the host vehicle M to the position (coordinates) of the junction. In the meantime, a lane change event is set for changing the lane to a desired lane that can proceed in the direction of the destination.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an action plan generated for a certain section. As shown in the figure, the action plan generation unit 106 classifies scenes that occur when traveling according to a route to a destination, and generates an action plan so that an event corresponding to each scene is executed. In addition, the action plan production | generation part 106 may change an action plan dynamically according to the condition change of the own vehicle M. FIG.
The lane change control unit 110 performs control when a lane change event included in the action plan created by the action plan generation unit 106 is performed. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the lane change control unit 110 includes, for example, a target position setting unit 111, a lane change availability determination unit 112, another vehicle position change estimation unit 113, a margin amount setting unit 114, and a constraint position derivation. Unit 115 and trajectory generation unit 116. The lane change control unit 110 may perform the processing described below when a branch event or a merge event is performed.
Hereinafter, a process for generating a lane change track will be described with reference to a flowchart. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process flow for generating a lane change track.
(Target position setting)
First, the target position setting unit 111 sets a lane change target position (lane change target position) (step S200). For example, the target position setting unit 111 refers to the position of the surrounding vehicle detected by the detection unit DT, and uses the target position for lane change (hereinafter simply referred to as a relative position with respect to the surrounding vehicle traveling in the adjacent lane adjacent to the own lane). (Referred to as target position).
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating how the target position setting unit 111 sets the target position TA. In the figure, L1 is a host lane on which the host vehicle M travels, L2 is an adjacent lane adjacent to the host lane L1, and d is a vehicle traveling direction. In the following description, it is assumed that the action plan instructs the lane change to the adjacent lane L2 adjacent to the right side of the own lane L1. In the figure, mA is a preceding vehicle that travels immediately before the host vehicle M in the own lane L1, mB is a forward reference vehicle that travels immediately before the target position TA in the adjacent lane L2, and mC is an adjacent vehicle. The rear reference vehicle travels immediately after the target position TA in the lane L2. Each of the preceding vehicle mA, the front reference vehicle mB, and the rear reference vehicle mC is an example of a surrounding vehicle.
For example, the target position setting unit 111 travels in the adjacent lane L2 and travels ahead of the host vehicle M (front reference vehicle mB), travels in the adjacent lane L2, and travels behind the host vehicle M. A traveling vehicle (rear reference vehicle mC) is specified, and a target position TA is set between these vehicles. Instead of the above, the front reference vehicle mB may be a vehicle that travels behind the host vehicle M.
(Determining whether to change lanes)
Next, the lane change possibility determination unit 112, for example, projects the host vehicle M onto the adjacent lane L2 that is the lane change destination, and sets a prohibited area RA that has a slight margin in the front and rear. For example, the prohibited area RA is set as an area extending from one end to the other end of the adjacent lane L2 in the vehicle width direction. Then, the lane change permission determination unit 112 determines whether or not a part of the surrounding vehicle exists in the prohibited area RA (step S202). If there is a part of the surrounding vehicle in the prohibited area RA (step S202: YES), the lane change permission determination unit 112 temporarily stops the lane change process. On the other hand, when there is no surrounding vehicle in the prohibited area RA (step S202: NO), the lane change process described below is performed. Note that the lane change possibility determination unit 112 further includes a collision margin time TTC (B) between the virtual front end portion that projects the host vehicle M onto the lane change destination and the front reference vehicle mB in the determination of step S202. In addition, it is determined whether or not the collision margin time TTC (C) between the virtual rear end portion of the vehicle M projected onto the lane change destination and the rear reference vehicle mC satisfies a preset condition. If at least one of the margin time TTC (B) and the collision margin time TTC (C) does not satisfy the above condition, the lane change process may be temporarily stopped. The collision margin time TTC will be described later.
(Estimation of changes in position of surrounding vehicles)
Next, the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113 estimates the positions of the preceding vehicle mA, the forward reference vehicle mB, and the backward reference vehicle mC at a plurality of future times (t1, t2, t3,...) (Step S204). ). In the following description, the preceding vehicle mA, the front reference vehicle mB, and the rear reference vehicle mC may be collectively referred to as surrounding vehicles mA, mB, and mC.
The positions of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, and mC at a plurality of future times are, for example, constant speed models that assume that the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, and mC travel while maintaining the current speed, or the surrounding vehicles mA, mB. , MC can be estimated based on various models such as a constant acceleration model that is assumed to travel while maintaining the current acceleration. In addition, the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113 may consider the steering angles of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, and mC, or assume that the vehicle travels while maintaining the current travel lane without considering the steering angle. Changes may be estimated. In the following description, it is assumed that the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC are assumed to travel while maintaining the traveling lane while maintaining the current speed.
FIG. 7 shows the own vehicle M and surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC at the time (hereinafter referred to as the current time) (t0) at which the lane change event is started (t0) and the future times (t1, t2, t3,...). FIG. In the figure, the vertical axis indicates the travel distance x in the vehicle traveling direction d based on the position of the host vehicle M at the current time (t0), and the horizontal axis indicates the elapsed time t from the current time (t0). Yes.
Here, the broken line eA indicates the position of the preceding vehicle mA estimated by the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113 at a plurality of times (t1, t2, t3,...) In the future. Similarly, a broken line eB indicates the position of the forward reference vehicle mB estimated by the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113 at a plurality of times (t1, t2, t3,...) In the future. A broken line eC indicates the position of the rear reference vehicle mC estimated by the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113 at a plurality of future times (t1, t2, t3,...). In FIG. 7, the positions of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC at a plurality of future times (t1, t2, t3,...) Are schematically shown as broken lines eA, eB, eC. It is an aggregate of a plurality of points on the broken lines eA, eB, eC.
(Margin setting)
In the present embodiment, the restriction position deriving unit 115 interferes with the target position TA with respect to the positions at a plurality of future times of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC estimated by the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113. A margin MG is set as a margin for the inter-vehicle distance. In other words, the margin MG is a margin for narrowing the area where the host vehicle M can exist with respect to the above-described broken lines eA, eB, eC. Then, the constraint position deriving unit 115 derives an area in which margins MG are provided for positions of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, and mC at a plurality of future times as possible areas of the host vehicle M at a plurality of future times. To do.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the margin MG includes a front vehicle rear margin MGA set on the rear side of the front vehicle mA, a front reference vehicle rear margin MGB set on the rear side of the front reference vehicle mB, and It includes a rear reference vehicle front margin MGC set on the front side of the rear reference vehicle mC. The preceding vehicle rear margin MGA is a margin set between the own vehicle M and the preceding vehicle mA in the own lane L1. For example, the front-running vehicle rear margin MGA is a margin for a distance that allows the host vehicle M to approach the rear of the front-running vehicle mA at the maximum. The front reference vehicle rear margin MGB is a margin set between the target position TA and the front reference vehicle mB in the adjacent lane L2. For example, the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB is a margin that provides an appropriate inter-vehicle distance between the front reference vehicle mB and the host vehicle M when the host vehicle M follows and travels behind the front reference vehicle mB. The rear reference vehicle front margin MGC is a margin set between the target position TA and the rear reference vehicle mC in the adjacent lane L2. For example, the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC is a margin for a distance that allows the host vehicle M to approach the front of the rear reference vehicle mC.
(Margin amount setting)
The flow of setting the margin MG will be described in more detail. First, the margin amount setting unit 114 sets the size of the margin MG (step S206). Note that step S206 for setting the size of margin MG may be performed substantially simultaneously with step S204, or may be performed prior to step S204.
The margin amount setting unit 114 includes the situation (speed, acceleration, etc.) of the host vehicle M detected by the detection unit DT, the situation (speed, acceleration, behavior, etc.) of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC, the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, Based on at least one of the size of mC (vehicle width, vehicle case, etc.) and the environment in which the vehicle M travels (lane type, road gradient, curve curvature, weather condition, road surface condition, visibility condition, etc.) , The size of the margin MG is set.
First, a method for setting the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA will be described in detail.
The margin amount setting unit 114 of the present embodiment is based on at least one of the speed of the host vehicle M, the speed of the preceding vehicle mA, and the relative speed of the host vehicle M and the preceding vehicle mA, for example. Sets the size of the rear margin MGA. For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 is one of a collision margin time TTC (Time-To Collision) of the own vehicle M with respect to the preceding vehicle mA and a head time THW (Time-Head Way) of the own vehicle M with respect to the preceding vehicle mA. , Or a combination thereof, the size of the front vehicle rear margin MGA is set. The collision margin time TTC is a value obtained by dividing the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle M and the preceding vehicle mA in the vehicle traveling direction d by the relative speed between the host vehicle M and the preceding vehicle mA. It is. On the other hand, the vehicle head time THW is a value obtained by dividing the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle M and the preceding vehicle mA in the vehicle traveling direction d by the speed of the host vehicle M.
Further, the margin amount setting unit 114 sets the size of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA based on the amount of movement of the host vehicle M in the vehicle width direction necessary for changing the lane while avoiding the preceding vehicle mA. The setting of the margin size based on a certain element in the present application is not limited to the case of setting the margin size based on only that element, and the margin based on another element in addition to that element. Means to set the size of. For example, “setting the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA based on the amount of movement in the vehicle width direction” means that the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA is set based only on the amount of movement in the vehicle width direction. The present invention is not limited to this, and includes the case where the size of the margin MGA is set by comprehensively considering the amount of movement in the vehicle width direction and other factors (for example, the collision margin time TTC and the vehicle head time THW). The same applies to other elements related to the setting of the margin MG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between the collision margin time TTC, the vehicle head time THW, the movement amount in the vehicle width direction, and the margin amount derived based on these elements.
FIG. 8A shows an example of the relationship between the collision margin time TTC and the margin amount derived based on the collision margin time TTC (hereinafter referred to as the first margin amount). As shown in FIG. 8A, for example, when the collision margin time TTC increases, the first margin amount may be small.
(B) in FIG. 8 shows an example of the relationship between the vehicle head time THW and a margin amount derived based on the vehicle head time THW (hereinafter referred to as a second margin amount). As shown in FIG. 8B, for example, when the vehicle head time THW increases, the second margin amount may be small.
(C) in FIG. 8 shows a remaining vehicle width direction movement time RTW (Remaining Time-moving in Width) corresponding to the amount of movement of the host vehicle M in the vehicle width direction necessary for changing the lane while avoiding the preceding vehicle mA. An example of the relationship between the direction) and the margin amount derived based on the vehicle width direction remaining movement time RTW (hereinafter referred to as a third margin amount) is shown. The vehicle width direction movement remaining time RTW is a remaining time of movement of the host vehicle M in the vehicle width direction necessary for avoiding the preceding vehicle mA. For example, the remaining movement time RTW in the vehicle width direction is the vehicle width of the preceding vehicle mA detected by the detection unit DT, the relative position of the preceding vehicle mA and the host vehicle M in the vehicle width direction, and the previous traveling in the vehicle width direction. It is derived based on the relative speed between the vehicle mA and the host vehicle M or the like. As shown in (c) of FIG. 8, for example, when the vehicle width direction movement remaining time RTW is large to some extent, the third margin amount is a predetermined constant value.
The first margin amount, the second margin amount, and the third margin amount are not limited to the example shown in FIG. 8, and may be derived based on various functions or a preset table.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a flow for setting the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA. As shown in FIG. 9, first, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives a first margin amount based on the collision margin time TTC (step S300). For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives the first margin amount using a function as shown in (a) of FIG. Next, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives a second margin amount based on the vehicle head time THW (step S302). For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives the second margin amount using a function as shown in (b) of FIG. Next, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives a third margin amount based on the vehicle width direction remaining movement time RTW (step S304). For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives the third margin amount using a function as shown in (c) of FIG. Note that step S300, step S302, and step S304 may be performed substantially simultaneously with each other, and any of them may be performed first.
Here, the margin amount setting unit 114 of the present embodiment compares the first margin amount and the second margin amount, and based on the larger one of the first margin amount and the second margin amount, the vehicle behind the preceding vehicle The size of the margin MGA is set.
More specifically, first, the margin amount setting unit 114 compares the derived first margin amount and second margin amount (step S306). Then, when the first margin amount is larger than the second margin amount (step S306: YES), the margin amount setting unit 114 adds the third margin amount to the first margin amount, and the first margin amount and the third margin amount are added. The total value with the amount is set as the basic value of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA (step S308). On the other hand, when the first margin amount is equal to or smaller than the second margin amount (step S306: NO), the margin amount setting unit 114 adds the third margin amount to the second margin amount, and the second margin amount and the third margin amount are added. The total value with the amount is derived as the basic value of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA (step S310).
That is, assuming that the first margin amount is f (TTC), the second margin amount is f (THW), and the third margin amount is f (RTW), the basic value BV of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA is expressed by the following equation (1). It is expressed as
Further, the margin amount setting unit 114 according to the present embodiment uses the derived basic value of the front vehicle rear margin MGA as the situation (behavior etc.) of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC detected by the detection unit DT, Based on at least one of the sizes of mA, mB, and mC (vehicle grade, etc.) and the environment in which the vehicle M travels (lane type, road gradient, curve curvature, weather condition, road surface condition, visibility condition, etc.) (Step S312).
For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 changes the size of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA based on the behavior of the preceding vehicle mA detected by the detection unit DT. For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 determines that the traveling state of the preceding vehicle mA is not stable (if the frequency of movement in the vehicle width direction is greater than a preset threshold value, or the frequency of braking operation (the frequency of deceleration)). ) Is larger than a preset threshold value), the size of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA is changed so that the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA becomes larger.
Further, the margin amount setting unit 114 is configured to increase the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA when the vehicle size of the preceding vehicle mA detected by the detection unit DT is larger than a predetermined size set in advance. The size of the vehicle rear margin MGA is changed. Thereby, it can suppress that the passenger | crew of the own vehicle M feels a feeling of pressure by approaching too much the preceding vehicle mA with a large vehicle case. For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 sets the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA when the vehicle size of the host vehicle M is larger than a predetermined size based on the information on the vehicle model of the host vehicle M stored in the storage unit 130, for example. You may make it set comparatively large. Thereby, it can suppress that the passenger | crew of front-running vehicle mA senses a pressure.
Further, the margin amount setting unit 114 detects the magnitude relationship between the average vehicle speed of the vehicle traveling on the own lane L1 detected by the detection unit DT and the average vehicle speed of the vehicle traveling on the adjacent lane L2 (or detected by the detection unit DT). Based on the lane type of the own lane L1 and the adjacent lane L2, the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA is changed. For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 determines that the average vehicle speed of the vehicle traveling in the adjacent lane L2 is higher than the average vehicle speed of the vehicle traveling in the own lane L1 (or the own lane L1 is the travel lane and the adjacent lane L2 In the case of a crossing lane), the size of the front vehicle rear margin MGA is changed so that the front vehicle rear margin MGA increases.
Furthermore, the margin amount setting unit 114 determines the margin of the preceding vehicle behind based on the environment (road gradient, curvature of the curve, weather condition, road surface condition, visibility condition, etc.) in which the host vehicle M detected by the detection unit DT travels. Change the size of the MGA.
For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 changes the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA so that the front running vehicle rear margin MGA becomes larger when the road gradient or the curvature of the curve is larger than a preset threshold. . Further, the margin amount setting unit 114 determines whether or not a condition that makes the braking distance of the host vehicle M worse is included in the weather situation, the road surface situation, the visibility situation, and the like. Then, the margin amount setting unit 114 increases the front vehicle rear margin MGA so that the front vehicle rear margin MGA increases when the condition that the braking distance of the host vehicle M is deteriorated is included in the weather condition, the road surface condition, the visibility condition, and the like. The size of the running vehicle rear margin MGA is changed. For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 may set the preceding vehicle so that the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA increases in a situation where it is raining or snowing, a situation where the road surface may be frozen, or a situation where visibility is poor. Change the size of the rear margin MGA.
Heretofore, an example of a method for setting the size of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA has been described. The method for setting the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC is substantially the same as the method for setting the size of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA. For example, the setting method of the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC is the same as the method for setting the size of the front vehicle rear margin MGA in the above description regarding “front vehicle mA” as “front reference vehicle mB”. Alternatively, “rear reference vehicle mC” and “front vehicle rear margin MGA” may be read as “front reference vehicle rear margin MGB” or “rear reference vehicle front margin MGC”. In setting the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC, the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC are set based on the host vehicle M virtually arranged at the target position TA. Derived.
(Derivation of constraint position)
Next, the constraint position deriving unit 115 at the current time (t0) and a plurality of future times (t1, t2, t3,...) Of the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC estimated by the other vehicle position change estimation unit 113. A constraint position at the current time (t0) and a plurality of future times (t1, t2, t3,...) Of the host vehicle M with a margin MG provided for the position is derived (step S208).
For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the constraint position deriving unit 115 derives the own lane front constraint position, the adjacent lane forward constraint position, and the adjacent lane rearward constraint position as the constraint position. The own lane restriction position is a restriction at the current time of the own vehicle M and a plurality of future times at which the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA is provided on the rear side with respect to the current time of the preceding vehicle mA and positions at a plurality of future times. The position is represented by a solid line rA in FIG. In other words, the solid line rA is obtained by shifting the broken line eA to the side that interferes with the lane change target position TA by the margin MGA. Similarly, the adjacent lane front restriction position includes the current time of the host vehicle M provided with a front reference vehicle rear margin MGB on the rear side with respect to the current time of the front reference vehicle mB and positions at a plurality of future times. This is a restriction position at the time of, and is represented by a solid line RB in FIG. In other words, the solid line rB is obtained by shifting the broken line eB by the margin MGB to the side that interferes with the lane change target position TA. The adjacent lane rearward restricted positions are the current time of the host vehicle M provided with the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC on the front side relative to the positions of the rear reference vehicle mC at the current time and a plurality of future times, and at a plurality of future times. This is a restricted position and is represented by a solid line RC in FIG. In other words, the solid line rC is obtained by shifting the broken line eC to the side that interferes with the lane change target position TA by the margin MGC. And the area | region enclosed with these solid lines rA, rB, and rC becomes the area | region which can exist in the present | current time of the own vehicle M, and several future time. In FIG. 7, the own lane front restriction position, the adjacent lane front restriction position, and the adjacent lane rear restriction position are schematically shown as solid lines rA, rB, and rC, but actually, solid lines rA, rB, and rC. It is a collection of multiple points on the top.
(Generate target trajectory)
Next, the track generation unit 116 determines the constraint positions (the own lane forward constraint position, the adjacent lane forward constraint position, and the adjacent lane rearward constraint) at a plurality of current and future times of the host vehicle M derived by the constraint position deriving unit 115. Based on the position, a target track for changing lanes is generated (step S210). In other words, the track generation unit 116 enters a plurality of future times for entering the existence possible area defined by the restriction positions (the own lane front restriction position, the adjacent lane front restriction position, and the adjacent lane rear restriction position). The speed and acceleration of the host vehicle M at (t1, t2, t3,...) Are determined. For example, the track generation unit 116 uses the position of the host vehicle M at the current time as a reference, and every time a predetermined time Δt has elapsed from the current time, K (1), K (2), K (3),. The target position is generated as the target track of the host vehicle M.
[Running control]
The traveling control unit 120 sets the control mode to the automatic operation mode or the manual operation mode under the control of the control switching unit 122, and controls the control target according to the set control mode. The traveling control unit 120 reads the action plan information 136 generated by the action plan generation unit 106 in the automatic driving mode, and controls a control target based on an event included in the read action plan information 136. When this event is a lane change event, the traveling control unit 120 follows the target trajectory generated by the trajectory generating unit 116 and the control amount (for example, the rotational speed) of the electric motor in the steering device 92 and the traveling driving force output device 90. ECU control amount (for example, engine throttle opening, shift stage, etc.) is determined. The traveling control unit 120 outputs information indicating the control amount determined for each event to the corresponding control target. Accordingly, each device (90, 92, 94) to be controlled can control its own device according to the information indicating the control amount input from the travel control unit 120. In addition, the traveling control unit 120 appropriately adjusts the determined control amount based on the detection result of the vehicle sensor 60.
In addition, the traveling control unit 120 controls the control target based on the operation detection signal output from the operation detection sensor 72 in the manual operation mode. For example, the traveling control unit 120 outputs the operation detection signal output by the operation detection sensor 72 to each device to be controlled as it is.
Based on the action plan information 136 generated by the action plan generation unit 106, the control switching unit 122 automatically changes the control mode of the host vehicle M by the travel control unit 120 from the automatic operation mode to the manual operation mode or from the manual operation mode. Switch to operation mode. Further, the control switching unit 122 automatically changes the control mode of the host vehicle M by the travel control unit 120 from the automatic driving mode to the manual driving mode or automatically from the manual driving mode based on the control mode designation signal input from the changeover switch 80. Switch to operation mode. That is, the control mode of the traveling control unit 120 can be arbitrarily changed during traveling or stopping by an operation of a driver or the like.
Further, the control switching unit 122 switches the control mode of the host vehicle M by the traveling control unit 120 from the automatic driving mode to the manual driving mode based on the operation detection signal input from the operation detection sensor 72. For example, when the operation amount included in the operation detection signal exceeds a threshold value, that is, when the operation device 70 receives an operation with an operation amount exceeding the threshold value, the control switching unit 122 automatically sets the control mode of the travel control unit 120. Switch from operation mode to manual operation mode. For example, when the host vehicle M is automatically traveling by the traveling control unit 120 set to the automatic driving mode, when the driver operates the steering hole, the accelerator pedal, or the brake pedal with an operation amount exceeding a threshold value, The control switching unit 122 switches the control mode of the travel control unit 120 from the automatic operation mode to the manual operation mode. As a result, the vehicle control device 100 allows the driver or the like to jump out of the roadway, or when the vehicle in front of the vehicle suddenly stops, without the operation of the changeover switch 80 being performed by the driver. You can immediately switch to manual operation mode. As a result, the vehicle control device 100 can cope with an emergency operation by the driver, and can improve safety during traveling.
According to the vehicle control device 100 of the present embodiment described above, the target track for lane change is generated based on the constraint position where the margin MG is provided for the positions of the surrounding vehicles at a plurality of future times. For this reason, a target track with more margin is generated at a plurality of times in the future, and the safety of lane change can be further enhanced.
Further, according to the vehicle control device 100 of the present embodiment, the rear of the preceding vehicle mA in the own lane L1, the rear of the front reference vehicle mB in the adjacent lane L2, and the front of the rear reference vehicle mC in the adjacent lane L2. Appropriate constraint positions are set. For this reason, a target track with more margin is generated for various peripheral vehicles mA, mB, mC traveling in the own lane and adjacent lanes, and the safety of lane change can be further enhanced.
Further, according to the vehicle control apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the state of the host vehicle M (speed, acceleration, etc.), the state of surrounding vehicles (speed, acceleration, behavior, etc.), and the size of the surrounding vehicles (vehicle width, vehicle case) Etc.) and the environment in which the vehicle M travels (lane type, road gradient, curvature of curve, weather condition, road surface condition, visibility condition, etc.), the size of the margin MG is set. Thereby, the size of the margin MG is flexibly set according to various situations, and a safer target trajectory is generated. For example, when the behavior of surrounding vehicles is unstable, the safety can be further enhanced by providing a larger margin MG. Further, when the surrounding vehicle has a large vehicle size, it is possible to suppress a feeling of pressure or the like felt by the passenger of the host vehicle M by providing a larger margin MG. Further, when the lane is changed to the adjacent lane L2 whose average vehicle speed is faster than the own lane L1, a larger margin MG can be provided. For example, in this case, by setting a relatively large rear reference vehicle front margin MGC, it is possible to further improve safety against an increase in the speed of the rear reference vehicle mC. In addition, when the road gradient or the curvature of the curve is relatively large, the safety can be further enhanced by providing a larger margin. In addition, in the case of a weather condition, a road surface condition, a visibility condition, etc. where the braking distance tends to be long, the safety can be further enhanced by providing a larger margin.
Further, according to the vehicle control apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the first margin amount is derived based on the collision margin time TTC, the second margin amount is derived based on the vehicle head time THW, and the first margin amount and the second margin amount are calculated. The size of the margin MG is set based on at least one of the margin amounts. Here, since the collision margin time TTC and the vehicle head time THW are different in concept, the first margin amount derived based on the collision margin time TTC is determined according to the vehicle speed and relative speed of the host vehicle M and the surrounding vehicles. If it is assumed that the second margin amount derived based on the vehicle head time THW is larger than the second margin amount, conversely, the second margin amount may be larger than the first margin amount. Therefore, the vehicle control apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment derives both the first margin amount and the second margin amount, and covers a margin so as to cover at least one of the first margin amount and the second margin amount. Set the size of MG. Thereby, safety can be further enhanced in various situations of the host vehicle M and surrounding vehicles.
Note that the method for setting the size of the margin MG is not limited to the example of this embodiment.
For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 derives the first margin amount and the second margin amount, and then sets a value obtained by multiplying the first margin amount by the preset first coefficient α 1 and the preset second value. A total value (ie, a weighted sum of the first margin amount and the second margin amount) obtained by multiplying the coefficient α 2 by the second margin amount is derived as the basic value of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA. Also good.
That is, assuming that the first margin amount is f (TTC), the second margin amount is f (THW), and the third margin amount is f (RTW), the basic value BV of the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA is given by Equation (2). It may be derived as follows.
Also by such a setting method, it is possible to set the size of the margin MG appropriately considering both the first margin amount and the second margin amount. The first coefficient α 1 and the second coefficient α 2 may be “1”, respectively.
Further, according to the vehicle control device 100 of the present embodiment, the margin based on the amount of movement in the vehicle width direction of the host vehicle M that is necessary to avoid the preceding vehicle mA traveling immediately before the host vehicle M in the host lane L1. The size of MG is set. For this reason, for example, even when the position of the host vehicle M is modeled at one point such as the center of gravity, the amount of movement of the host vehicle M in the vehicle width direction can be appropriately considered, and safety can be further improved.
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a reference point P of the host vehicle M recognized by the vehicle control device 100 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the vehicle control device 100 according to the second embodiment considers the position of the host vehicle M as one mass point, and based on the margin amount derived based on the Minkowski sum concept, The size of the margin MG is set. Hereinafter, the difference will be mainly described.
(A) in FIG. 10 shows the basic concept of Minkowski sum. According to the basic idea of Minkowski sum, the host vehicle M is regarded as one reference point (mass point) P, and a virtual circle IC centered on the reference point P is arranged. The virtual circle IC is set to a size surrounding the outer shape of the host vehicle M. And when the distance between the own vehicle M and a surrounding vehicle becomes smaller than the radius of virtual circle IC, it determines with the own vehicle M and a surrounding vehicle contacting.
The margin amount setting unit 114 of the present embodiment sets the sizes of the front vehicle rear margin MGA, the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB, and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC based on the distance corresponding to the radius of the virtual circle IC. To do. For example, the margin amount setting unit 114 adds a distance corresponding to the radius of the virtual circle IC to the basic values of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA, the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB, and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC. The sizes of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA, the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB, and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC are set. Thereby, even when the host vehicle M is handled as one reference point P, a highly accurate margin MG can be set.
Next, a first modification of the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing reference points P1 and P2 of the host vehicle M recognized by the vehicle control apparatus 100 according to the first modification of the second embodiment.
A typical vehicle has a shape whose length in the vehicle traveling direction d is larger than the vehicle width. For this reason, it may not be said that the virtual circle IC centered on one reference point P set in the host vehicle M accurately represents the outer shape of the vehicle.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, the vehicle position recognition unit 104 of the vehicle control device 100 of the present modified example sets the position of the vehicle M to two reference points (mass points) that are arranged apart from each other in the vehicle traveling direction d. ) Assuming P1 and P2, two virtual circle ICs centered on these two reference points P1 and P2 are arranged. For example, the reference point P1 is located on the front side in the vehicle traveling direction d with respect to the reference point P2.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the reference points P1, P2 of the host vehicle M and the surrounding vehicles mA, mB, mC at the current time (t0) and a plurality of future times (t1, t2, t3,...). It is. (A) in FIG. 12 shows two reference points P1 and P2 separately, and the position of the reference point P2 at the current time (t0) is a zero point. On the other hand, (b) in FIG. 12 shows a case where two reference points P1 and P2 are virtually combined.
As shown to (a) in FIG. 12, in this embodiment, the own lane front restriction position (solid line rA) and the adjacent lane front restriction position (solid line rB) are set as restriction positions with respect to the reference point P1 of the own vehicle M. Is done. In this case, the sizes of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA and the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB are set based on a distance corresponding to the radius of the virtual circle IC centered on the reference point P1. On the other hand, the adjacent lane rearward restriction position (solid line rC) is set as a restriction position with respect to the reference point P2 of the host vehicle M. In this case, the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC is set based on a distance corresponding to the radius of the virtual circle IC centered on the reference point P2.
When two reference points P1 and P2 are set as in the present modification, the shape of the host vehicle M is recognized with higher accuracy than when one reference point is used. For this reason, the sizes of the front running vehicle rear margin MGA, the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB, and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC of the present embodiment are the same as the front running vehicle rear margin MGA and the front Even when the size is set smaller than the size of each of the reference vehicle rear margin MGB and the rear reference vehicle front margin MGC, high safety can be ensured.
In the generation of the target track for the lane change in this modification, interference with the constraint position is calculated for each of the two reference points P1 and P2 of the host vehicle M, and each of the two reference points P1 and P2 of the host vehicle M exists. A target trajectory for entering the possible area may be generated. However, in this case, since the calculation for each of the two reference points P1 and P2 is required, the processing load for the calculation of the trajectory generation may increase.
Therefore, the trajectory generation unit 116 of this modification sets a PA obtained by virtually combining the two reference points P1 and P2 of the host vehicle M, and generates a target trajectory for entering the area where the PA can exist. To do. For example, the trajectory generator 116 moves the reference point P1 so that the reference point P1 and the reference point P2 overlap as shown in (b) of FIG. 12, and between the reference point P1 and the reference point P2. A margin amount MS corresponding to the distance is added to the preceding vehicle rear margin MGA and the front reference vehicle rear margin MGB. Thus, by generating a target track for one reference point PA after synthesis, a target track for appropriate lane change can be generated. For this reason, the processing burden regarding calculation of lane change can be reduced.
In addition, the reference point set to the own vehicle M is not limited to the above example.
For example, FIG. 13 shows a case where four reference points P1, P2, P3, and P4 are set in the host vehicle M as a second modification of the second embodiment. The reference points P1, P2 are arranged on the front side in the vehicle traveling direction d with respect to the reference points P3, P4. For example, the reference points P1, P2 are arranged at the same position in the vehicle traveling direction d. For example, the reference points P3 and P4 are arranged at the same position in the vehicle traveling direction d.
Even in such a case, by adding an appropriate margin amount to the margin MG, a plurality of reference points P1, P2, P3, and P4 can be combined into one reference point PA to generate a target trajectory.
For example, the size of the margin MG may be a fixed value set in advance, or a value derived based only on the environment in which the host vehicle M is traveling, regardless of the collision allowance time TTC and the vehicle head time THW. .
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Finder, 30 ... Radar, 40 ... Camera, 50 ... Navigation apparatus, 60 ... Vehicle sensor, 70 ... Operation device, 72 ... Operation detection sensor, 80 ... Changeover switch, 90 ... Driving force output device, 92 ... Steering device , 94 ... Brake device, 100 ... Vehicle control device, 102 ... External world recognition unit, 104 ... Vehicle position recognition unit, 106 ... Action plan generation unit, 110 ... Lane change control unit, 111 ... Target position setting unit, 113 ... Others Car position change estimation unit 114 ... margin amount setting unit 115 ... restricted position derivation unit 116 ... track generation unit 120 ... running control unit 122 ... control switching unit 130 ... storage unit DT ... detection unit M ... Own vehicle.
A detection unit that detects a preceding vehicle that travels immediately before the host vehicle in the host lane, and a front reference vehicle that travels immediately before the lane change target position of the host vehicle in an adjacent lane adjacent to the host lane ;
An estimation unit that estimates positions of the preceding vehicle and the forward reference vehicle detected at a plurality of times in the future detected by the detection unit;
A first position in which a pre-run vehicle rear margin on the rear side relative to the position in the future of the plurality of times of the run before said estimated by the estimation unit vehicle, of the front reference vehicle estimated by the estimation unit A second position in which a front reference vehicle rear margin is provided on the rear side with respect to positions at a plurality of times in the future is compared on a one-dimensional basis along the vehicle traveling direction, and the first position and the second position are compared. By using the position closer to the vehicle on the one dimension as a reference on the front side, the restriction position for the lane change of the vehicle to the adjacent lane is set for each of the plurality of times. A derivation unit derived above ;
A trajectory generating unit that generates a target trajectory for changing lanes based on a restriction position for changing the lane of the host vehicle to the adjacent lane derived in one dimension for each of the plurality of times by the deriving unit. When,
The detection unit detects a rear reference vehicle that travels immediately after the lane change target position in the adjacent lane,
The estimating unit estimates positions of the rear reference vehicle at a plurality of times in the future;
The derivation unit has a third position provided with a rear reference vehicle front margin on the front side on the one-dimensional side with respect to the positions at a plurality of future times of the rear reference vehicle estimated by the estimation unit . By deriving the constraint position on the one dimension by using as a reference,
Wherein the vehicle state, the previous run vehicle state, and at least one of the magnitude of said forward reference vehicle rear margin and the front run vehicle rear margin based on at least one of the states of the forward reference vehicle It further includes a setting unit for setting,
The derivation unit provides at least one of the front running vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin of the size set by the setting unit, so that each of a plurality of future times of the host vehicle is set. Deriving the constraint position of
The setting unit includes a speed of the host vehicle, a speed of the preceding vehicle, a speed of the front reference vehicle, a relative speed between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle, and a relative relationship between the host vehicle and the front reference vehicle. Setting a size of at least one of the preceding vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin based on at least one of the speeds ;
The vehicle control device according to claim 3.
The setting unit is divided by the relative speed between the host vehicle and the front run the vehicle or the front reference vehicle vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the front run the vehicle or the front reference vehicle in the vehicle traveling direction A first margin amount is derived on the basis of the collision margin time obtained by dividing the distance between the host vehicle and the preceding vehicle or the front reference vehicle in the vehicle traveling direction by the speed of the host vehicle. A second margin amount is derived on the basis of the vehicle head time obtained by the step, and the front vehicle rear margin or the front reference vehicle rear margin is determined based on at least one of the first margin amount and the second margin amount. Set the size,
The vehicle control device according to claim 4.
The setting unit, the first margin amount and comparing the second margin amount, based on whichever is greater between the second margin amount and the first amount of margin, the front run vehicle rear margin or the Set the size of the front reference vehicle rear margin ,
The setting unit sets a size of the front vehicle rear margin or the front reference vehicle rear margin based on a weighted sum of the first margin amount and the second margin amount;
The setting unit sets the size of the vehicle rear margin run before on the basis of the vehicle width direction movement amount of the vehicle necessary to avoid run vehicle before the in the same lane,
The vehicle control device according to any one of claims 3 to 7.
The setting unit sets the size of at least one of the front vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin based on at least one behavior of the front vehicle and the front reference vehicle .
The vehicle control device according to any one of claims 3 to 8.
A setting unit that sets a size of at least one of the front vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin based on at least one of the front vehicle and the front reference vehicle ;
The vehicle control device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
A setting unit that sets a size of at least one of the front vehicle rear margin and the front reference vehicle rear margin based on an environment in which the host vehicle travels;
The vehicle control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
The setting unit includes an average speed in the same lane, at least one of the size of the front and rear of the vehicle margin run before on the basis of the magnitude relation between the average vehicle speed in Kitonari contact lane and the front reference vehicle rear margin Set,
The vehicle control device according to claim 11.
Detecting a preceding vehicle traveling immediately before the own vehicle in the own lane and a forward reference vehicle traveling immediately before the lane change target position of the own vehicle in an adjacent lane adjacent to the own lane ;
Estimating the positions of the detected preceding vehicle and the forward reference vehicle at a plurality of times in the future;
A first position in which a pre-run vehicle rear margin on the rear side relative to the position in the future of the plurality of times of the estimated the previous run vehicle, in the estimated future multiple times of the forward reference vehicle A second position in which a front reference vehicle rear margin is provided on the rear side with respect to the position is compared in one dimension along the vehicle traveling direction, and the first position and the second position are compared in the one dimension. By using a position closer to the own vehicle as a reference on the front side, a restriction position for changing the lane of the own vehicle to the adjacent lane is derived on the one dimension for each of the plurality of times ,
Generating a target trajectory for changing the lane based on a restriction position of the lane change of the host vehicle to the adjacent lane derived on the one dimension for each of the plurality of times ;
Detecting a preceding vehicle traveling immediately in front of the own vehicle in the own lane and a forward reference vehicle traveling immediately in front of the lane change target position of the own vehicle in an adjacent lane adjacent to the own lane ;
Estimating the positions of the detected preceding vehicle and the forward reference vehicle at a plurality of future times;
A first position in which a pre-run vehicle rear margin on the rear side relative to the position in the future of the plurality of times of the estimated the previous run vehicle was, in the future of the plurality of times of the forward reference vehicle obtained by the estimated A second position provided with a front reference vehicle rear margin on the rear side with respect to the position is compared in one dimension along the vehicle traveling direction, and the first position and the second position are compared in the one dimension. By using the position closer to the host vehicle as a reference on the front side, the constraint position of the lane change of the host vehicle to the adjacent lane is derived on the one dimension for each of the plurality of times ,
A detection unit for detecting a surrounding vehicle traveling around the host vehicle;
An estimation unit that estimates positions at a plurality of times in the future of the surrounding vehicles detected by the detection unit;
A first margin amount based on a collision margin time obtained by dividing an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle in a vehicle traveling direction by a relative speed between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle; The size of the margin is set based on at least one of the second margin amount based on the vehicle head time obtained by dividing the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle in the direction by the speed of the host vehicle. A setting section to
By providing the margin of the size set by the setting unit on the side that interferes with the lane change target position of the own vehicle with respect to the positions at a plurality of future times of the surrounding vehicle estimated by the estimation unit. A deriving unit for deriving a constraint position at a plurality of times in the future of the host vehicle;
A trajectory generating unit that generates a target trajectory for changing lanes based on the restriction positions at a plurality of times in the future of the host vehicle derived by the deriving unit;
Detect nearby vehicles traveling around your vehicle,
Estimating the position of the detected surrounding vehicle at a plurality of times in the future;
A first margin amount based on a collision margin time obtained by dividing an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle in a vehicle traveling direction by a relative speed between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle; The size of the margin is set based on at least one of the second margin amount based on the vehicle head time obtained by dividing the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle in the direction by the speed of the host vehicle. And
By providing the margin of the set size on the side that interferes with the lane change target position of the own vehicle with respect to the estimated positions of the surrounding vehicles at a plurality of future times, the future of the own vehicle Deriving constraint positions at multiple times,
Based on the derived constraint positions at a plurality of times in the future of the host vehicle, a target track for changing lanes is generated.
Estimating the positions of the detected surrounding vehicles at a plurality of times in the future;
A first margin amount based on a collision margin time obtained by dividing an inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle in a vehicle traveling direction by a relative speed between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle; The size of the margin is set based on at least one of the second margin amount based on the vehicle head time obtained by dividing the inter-vehicle distance between the host vehicle and the surrounding vehicle in the direction by the speed of the host vehicle. Let
By providing the margin of the set size on the side that interferes with the lane change target position of the host vehicle with respect to the estimated positions of the surrounding vehicle at a plurality of future times, the future of the host vehicle Deriving constraint positions at multiple times of
JP2016051136A 2016-03-15 2016-03-15 Vehicle control device, vehicle control method, and vehicle control program Active JP6288590B2 (en)
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US15/459,598 US10388166B2 (en) 2016-03-15 2017-03-15 Vehicle control system, vehicle control method, and vehicle control program
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JP2016051136A Active JP6288590B2 (en) 2016-03-15 2016-03-15 Vehicle control device, vehicle control method, and vehicle control program
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