Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP2013181669A/en
Timestamp: 2020-08-07 16:32:34+00:00
Document Index: 65352382

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 41', 'art 70', 'art 51', 'art 11', 'art 11', 'art, 71']

JP2013181669A - Light condensing device, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar thermal power generation apparatus with light condensing device - Google Patents
Light condensing device, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar thermal power generation apparatus with light condensing device Download PDF
JP2013181669A
JP2013181669A JP2012043863A JP2012043863A JP2013181669A JP 2013181669 A JP2013181669 A JP 2013181669A JP 2012043863 A JP2012043863 A JP 2012043863A JP 2012043863 A JP2012043863 A JP 2012043863A JP 2013181669 A JP2013181669 A JP 2013181669A
rotation axis
JP2012043863A
Akira Furuya
明 古谷
Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
三菱重工業株式会社
2012-02-29 Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd, 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
2012-02-29 Priority to JP2012043863A priority Critical patent/JP2013181669A/en
2013-09-12 Publication of JP2013181669A publication Critical patent/JP2013181669A/en
Status Pending legal-status Critical Current
238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
238000004089 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
230000002354 daily Effects 0.000 description 1
150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound 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[Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with means for concentrating solar rays
F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with means for concentrating solar rays having a Rankine cycle
F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
F24S23/80—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors having discontinuous faces
G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
G02B7/1822—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors comprising means for aligning the optical axis
G02B7/1827—Motorised alignment
G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
F03G2006/062—Parabolic point concentrator
Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy
Y02E10/41—Tower concentrators
Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling solar thermal engines
A control system of a driving device in a light condensing device is simplified and energy saving is achieved.
An optical axis vector Vo indicating a direction of an optical axis Ao of a mirror structure 31 that directs light from the sun Ps at a certain time to a condensing position Pc is obtained for each of a plurality of times on a predetermined day. Next, a cone C having a generatrix along which a direction line segment of the optical axis vector Vo for each of a plurality of times is determined, and a cone center axis vector Va indicating the direction of the center axis of the cone C is obtained. And the 1st rotation axis A1 of a condensing device is set in parallel with the cone center axis vector Va.
[Selection] Figure 22
The present invention relates to a condensing device that reflects sunlight with a mirror and condenses the sunlight at a predetermined condensing position, a method for setting the rotation axis thereof, a heat collecting facility provided with the condensing device, and solar heat. It relates to power generation equipment.
In recent years, facilities using thermal energy obtained by concentrating sunlight at a predetermined position as environmentally friendly clean energy have been actively developed.
As a condensing device that condenses sunlight at a predetermined position, for example, there is a device described in Patent Document 1 below. This condensing device includes a mirror and a drive device that rotates the mirror around two rotation axes whose directions are different from each other. In this condensing device, one of the two rotation axes is set parallel to the ground axis. That is, in this condensing device, an equatorial ritual is adopted as a driving device.
JP 55-96910 A
In the light collecting device described in Patent Document 1, when the sun is simply tracked, the mirror may be rotated around a rotation axis parallel to the earth axis. However, in reality, it is necessary to direct the light from the sun moving in a diurnal direction to a fixed condensing position. Therefore, in order to cope with the diurnal movement of the sun, it is around the rotation axis parallel to the earth axis. In addition to rotating the mirror, it is also necessary to rotate the mirror around the remaining rotation axis.
That is, in the light collecting device described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to rotate the mirror around two rotation axes in order to correspond to the diurnal motion of the sun, so that the control system of the drive device is complicated. However, there is a problem that energy consumption for driving the mirror is large.
Therefore, the present invention provides a condensing device in which the control system of the driving device is simplified and energy consumption of the driving device can be suppressed, a method for setting the rotation axis thereof, a heat collecting facility equipped with the condensing device, and solar power generation The purpose is to provide equipment.
The light collecting device according to the invention for solving the above problems is
In a condensing device that includes a mirror structure having one or more mirrors, reflects sunlight at the mirror of the mirror structure, and condenses the sunlight at a predetermined condensing position. A first drive unit that rotates the mirror as a center, and a second drive unit that rotates the mirror about a second rotation axis perpendicular to the first rotation axis, the first rotation axis being The optical axis trajectory of the mirror structure for directing light from the sun moving in a diurnal direction to the condensing position is set parallel to the central axis of the cone drawn.
The direction of the optical axis of the mirror structure that directs light from the sun at a certain time to a fixed condensing position is the principal point of the sun and the mirror structure (a point on the reflective surface of the mirror, or an extended surface of the reflective surface) This is a direction that bisects the angle formed by the virtual line connecting the upper point and the virtual line connecting the principal point of the mirror structure and the condensing position. The trajectory of the optical axis accompanying the diurnal motion of the sun draws a side surface of a certain cone. For this reason, when the first rotation axis is set parallel to the central axis of the cone, the mirror structure is rotated once around the second rotation axis, and the sunlight reflected by the mirror structure Is irradiated to the condensing position, and thereafter the condensing position where the sun's light that moves in a diurnal motion is fixed simply by basically rotating the mirror structure around the first rotation axis. Can be irradiated.
Therefore, in the said condensing device, the control system of a drive device is simplified and the energy consumption of a drive device can be suppressed.
Here, in the light collecting device, the reflection surfaces of the one or more mirrors of the mirror structure form one rotationally symmetric surface, and the rotational symmetry axis of the rotationally symmetric surface is the light of the mirror structure. An axis may be formed.
The light collecting device may include an elevation angle changing unit that changes an angle of the first rotation axis with respect to a horizontal plane.
In a heat collection facility, a plurality of light collecting devices are often provided. In this case, the relative position with respect to the condensing position is different for each heat collecting device, and it is necessary to change the angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane. Since the said condensing device has an elevation angle change part, when providing a several concentrating device, the angle with respect to the horizontal surface of a 1st rotating shaft line can be changed for every heat collecting device.
Further, in the light collecting apparatus having the elevation angle changing unit, the second driving unit may be configured such that an angular range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis is a predetermined angle with respect to the first rotation axis. The elevation angle changing unit is a downward state in which one side of the first rotation axis is lower than the other side with respect to the second rotation axis, and an upward direction in which the one side is higher than the other side. The angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the first rotation axis may be changed between the states.
In the condensing device, even if the angle range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis is limited, the mirror is scheduled to be used within the angle range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis. An angular range can be included.
The heat collection facility according to the invention for solving the above problems is
It has the said condensing device and the heat receiver which heats a medium with the sunlight condensed with the said condensing device, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
The solar thermal power generation facility according to the invention for solving the above problems is
The light collecting device, a heat receiver that heats a medium by sunlight condensed by the light collecting device, a turbine that is driven by the medium heated by the heat receiver, and a generator that generates electric power by driving the turbine It is characterized by providing.
The method of setting the rotation axis in the light collecting device according to the invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
A mirror structure having one or more mirrors, and a driving device for rotating the mirror structure around a rotation axis to direct sunlight reflected by the mirror of the mirror structure to a predetermined light collection position; In the method for setting the rotation axis in the light collecting device, the position data on the earth of the mirror structure, the position data on the earth of the light collecting position, and a plurality of times on a predetermined day of the year A data acquisition step for acquiring solar position data based on the position of each mirror structure, and directing light from the sun at the time to the condensing position for each of the plurality of times on the predetermined day An optical axis vector calculating step for obtaining an optical axis vector indicating a direction of the optical axis of the mirror structure, a cone having a generatrix along which a direction line segment of the optical axis vector for each time is defined, and a central axis of the cone Conical center axis indicating the direction of And the conical center axis vector calculation step of calculating a torque, and executes a a rotation axis setting step of setting the axis of rotation parallel to the conical center axis vector.
In the setting method, as in the case of the light collecting device, once the sunlight reflected by the mirror structure is irradiated to the light collecting position, the mirror structure is basically set around one rotation axis. Only by pivoting the light, it is possible to irradiate the fixed condensing position with the light of the sun moving diurnally. Therefore, setting the rotation axis by the setting method simplifies the control of the drive device and suppresses the energy consumption of the drive device.
Here, in the setting method of the rotation axis, the drive device includes a first drive unit that rotates the mirror around the first rotation axis as the rotation axis, and a second drive unit that is perpendicular to the first rotation axis. A second driving unit that rotates the mirror about the rotation axis, and the rotation of the mirror about the second rotation axis in response to a change in the elevation angle of the sun accompanying a change in day. You may perform the step which changes an angle.
This setting method can cope with a change in the elevation angle of the sun accompanying a seasonal change.
In the rotation axis setting method, in the rotation axis setting step, the mirror structure is positioned at a position indicated by the position data of the mirror structure acquired in the data acquisition step, and the first rotation axis And the angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane is the angle of the cone central axis vector with respect to the horizontal plane so that the direction of the cone is the direction indicated by the cone central axis vector. The first rotation axis angle setting step for setting the first rotation axis may be included.
In this case, in the second drive unit, the angular range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis is a predetermined angle range with respect to the first rotation axis, and the first rotation axis angle setting is performed. In the step, the angle with respect to the horizontal plane on one side of the first rotation axis with respect to the second rotation axis is an angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the conical center axis vector, and the one side of the first rotation axis is below the other side. A downward state that is lowered, and an upward direction in which an angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane on the other side is an angle with respect to a horizontal plane of the conical central axis vector, and one side of the first rotation axis is higher than the other side Among the states, the predetermined angle range based on the first rotation axis can include an angle range in which the mirror is to be rotated about the second rotation axis. One rotation axis is set, and in the light collecting device installation step, the one with respect to the other side of the first rotation axis when the first rotation axis is set in the downward state in the first rotation axis angle setting step. The condensing device is installed so that the azimuth on the side and the azimuth on the one side with respect to the other side of the first rotation axis when the first rotation axis is set in the upward state are opposite to each other. May be.
In this setting method, even if the angle range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis is limited, the angle to be used is within the angle range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis. A range can be included.
Further, the light collecting device according to the present invention is:
In a heat collecting apparatus that includes a mirror structure having one or more mirrors, reflects sunlight at the mirror of the mirror structure, and collects the sunlight at a predetermined condensing position. A first driving unit for rotating the mirror as a center, a second driving unit for rotating the mirror about a second rotation axis perpendicular to the first rotation axis, and an angle of the first rotation axis with respect to a horizontal plane An elevation angle changing unit that changes the angle of rotation of the mirror around the second rotation axis is a predetermined angle range with respect to the first rotation axis. The elevation angle changing portion is between a downward state in which one side of the first rotational axis is lower than the other side with respect to the second rotational axis and an upward state in which the one side is higher than the other side. Thus, the angle of the first rotation axis can be changed.
In the condensing device, even if the angle range in which the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis is limited, the mirror is scheduled to be used within the angle range where the mirror rotates about the second rotation axis. An angular range can be included.
In the present invention, once the sunlight reflected by the mirror structure is irradiated to the condensing position, the mirror structure is basically rotated around one rotation axis, It is possible to irradiate the fixed light collection position with the sun's light that moves in a diurnal motion.
Therefore, according to the present invention, the control system of the drive device can be simplified, and the energy consumption of the drive device can be suppressed.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the heat collecting equipment in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the heat collection equipment in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view of the heliostat in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a rear view of the heliostat in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the heliostat in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the heliostat in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a figure which shows the mirror structure in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention, The figure (a) is a rear view of a mirror structure, The figure (b) is a bottom view of a mirror structure, The figure (c) is a mirror. It is a sectional side view of a structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mirror in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing around each rotating shaft in one Embodiment concerning this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mutual relationship of the optical axis of the mirror structure in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention, a gravity center, and each rotation axis. It is a rear view (rotation angle 0 degree of a 1st rotating shaft) of the 1st drive mechanism in one Embodiment concerning this invention. It is a rear view (rotation angle of the 1st rotating shaft 45 degrees) of the 1st drive mechanism in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a rear view (rotation angle of the 1st rotating shaft 90 degrees) of the 1st drive mechanism in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a rear view (rotation angle of a 1st rotating shaft -45 degrees) of the 1st drive mechanism in one Embodiment concerning this invention. It is a rear view (rotation angle of a 1st rotating shaft -90 degrees) of the 1st drive mechanism in one Embodiment concerning this invention. It is a side view of the 1st drive mechanism in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows 4 link mechanism in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of a support stand in one embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a rear view of the support stand in one Embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the setting procedure of the rotating shaft line in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing (the 1) which shows the setting method of the 1st rotating shaft line in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing (the 2) which shows the setting method of the 1st rotating shaft line in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing (the 3) which shows the setting method of the 1st rotating shaft line in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the direction of the 1st rotating shaft line for every several heliostat in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rotation angle range of the 2nd rotating shaft in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention, The same figure (a) shows the rotating angle range of the 2nd rotating shaft in a downward state, The same figure (b) is upward. The rotation angle range of the 2nd rotating shaft in a state is shown. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rotation angle change of the 2nd rotating shaft accompanying the seasonal variation in one Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a rear view of the mirror structure in the modification of one Embodiment concerning this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a heat collection facility including a light collecting device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the heat collection facility 1 of the present embodiment reflects sunlight with a heat receiver 10 to which sunlight is irradiated, a tower facility 20 to which the heat receiver 10 is fixed, and a mirror. The heat receiving device 10 is provided with a plurality of heliostats 30 as a light collecting device that irradiates sunlight, and a control device 2 that controls the plurality of heliostats 30.
The heat receiver 10 includes a heat receiving portion 11 that is irradiated with sunlight, and a casing 12 that covers the heat receiving portion 11. A working fluid such as water or air is supplied into the heat receiving unit 11, and the working fluid is heated by heat from sunlight. When the working fluid is air, the heat collection facility 1 further includes a gas turbine that is driven by heated air and a generator that generates electric power by driving the gas turbine, thereby constituting a solar thermal power generation facility. be able to. In this example, the heat energy from the heat receiver 10 is used to generate electric energy. However, this heat energy may be used to generate steam, and further, electric energy is generated using this steam. You may use it.
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of heliostats 30 are scattered in a ring-shaped region around the tower facility 20. In other words, a plurality of heliostats 30 are arranged 360 ° in the circumferential direction around the tower facility 20, and a plurality of heliostats 30 are also arranged in the perspective direction with the tower facility 20 as a reference. Here, a plurality of heliostats 30 are arranged in a ring-shaped region with the tower facility 20 as the center, but a plurality of heliostats 30 are arranged in a fan-shaped region or a rectangular region requiring the tower facility 20. May be arranged.
As shown in FIG. 1, the tower facility 20 includes four support columns 21 extending in the vertical direction, a plurality of beams 22 connecting the four support columns 21, a storage chamber 23 for storing the heat receiver 10, have. The column 21 and the beam 22 of the tower facility 20 are arranged so that they do not exist on the optical path of sunlight reflected by the mirror of the heliostat 30 and directed toward the heat receiver 10.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the heliostat 30 includes a mirror structure 31 having a mirror 32 that reflects sunlight, a drive device 40 that directs the mirror 32 of the mirror structure 31 in a target direction, and these And a support base 80 for supporting. The drive device 40 is a device that rotates the mirror structure 31 around the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 that are orthogonal to each other, as will be described in detail later.
As shown in FIG. 7, the mirror structure 31 includes two mirrors 32, a back reinforcing plate 33 bonded to the back of each mirror 32, and a support frame 35 that supports the back of the back reinforcing plate 33. Have.
As shown in FIG. 8, the two mirrors 32 have the same size and the same rectangular plate shape. In the mirror structure 31 of this embodiment, the reflecting surfaces of the two mirrors 32 form one rotationally symmetric surface, specifically, a paraboloid of revolution. The top of this paraboloid is located at the midpoint between the two mirrors 32. Hereinafter, in this embodiment, the vertex of the paraboloid of revolution is the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31, and the axis extending through the principal point Q1 in the normal direction to the reflecting surface, that is, rotational symmetry of the rotationally symmetric surface. The axis is the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31.
As described above, the back reinforcing plate 33 is bonded to the entire back surface of the two mirrors 32. The back reinforcing plate 33 is formed of a thin steel plate, a thin aluminum alloy plate, a resin plate, or the like, and is formed so as to have an uneven shape in the plate thickness direction. The back reinforcing plate 33 is bonded to the back surface of the mirror 31 via an adhesive at the top of the convex portion of the concavo-convex shape. The adhesive that bonds at least a part between the mirror 32 and the back reinforcing plate 33 absorbs a difference in thermal expansion caused by the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mirror 32 and the thermal expansion coefficient of the back reinforcing plate 33. A silicon-based or modified silicon-based elastic adhesive having elasticity is preferable. On the other hand, a support frame 35 is joined to a portion of the back reinforcing plate 33 that is recessed relative to the convex portion by welding or adhesion.
The support frame 35 includes a plurality of support beam members 36 and a connecting member 37 that connects the plurality of support beam members 36 to each other. The cross section of the support beam member 36 has a groove shape or a square pipe shape. The plurality of support beam members 36 are joined to the back reinforcing plate 33 such that the longitudinal direction thereof faces the radial direction from the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31. Specifically, in this embodiment, two support beam members 36 are provided for one back reinforcing plate 33. One end portion of each support beam member 36 faces the optical axis Ao side, and the other end portion faces the corner side of the back reinforcing plate 33, that is, the corner side of the mirror 32. The back reinforcing plate 33 is provided so as to form a letter. Here, although two support beam members 36 are provided for one back reinforcing plate 33, that is, one mirror 32, three or more support beam members 36 may be provided from the viewpoint of strength.
The connecting member 37 includes a connecting beam 38 that interconnects the two support beam members 36 of one back reinforcing plate 33, a connecting beam 38 on the one back reinforcing plate 33 side, and a connecting beam on the other back reinforcing plate 33 side. A cylindrical shaft 42 that connects the shaft 38, a T-shaped tube 54 through which the shaft 42 is inserted, and an arm that has one end fixed to the connecting beam 38 and extends along the edge of the back reinforcing plate 33. A plate 39a, and an interval holding rod 39b for connecting the end of the arm plate 39a on the one back reinforcing plate 33 side and the end of the arm plate 39a on the other back reinforcing plate 33 side.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, the central axis of the shaft 42 that connects the connecting beams 38 passes through the principal point Q <b> 1 that is orthogonal to the optical axis Ao and that is the apex of the paraboloid of the mirror structure 31. Yes. As shown in FIG. 9, the shaft 42 enters a portion 54 a corresponding to the horizontal line of the T-shaped tube 54, and rotates around its own central axis by a bearing 43 provided inside the T-shaped tube 54. Supported as possible. In the present embodiment, the shaft 42 forms a second rotation axis, and the central axis of the shaft 42 forms a second rotation axis A2. Therefore, hereinafter, this shaft 42 is referred to as a second rotating shaft 42.
As shown in FIG. 7, each arm plate 39a extends in a direction perpendicular to the second rotation shaft 42, and one end thereof is fixed to the connecting beam 38 as described above. Of the two arm plates 39a, the other end of one arm plate 39a and the other end of the other arm plate 39a are connected by the spacing rod 39b as described above. The spacing rod 39b extends in a direction parallel to the second rotation shaft 42.
In the present embodiment, as described above, the shaft of the connecting member 37 forms the second rotation shaft 42, and the central axis of the shaft forms the second rotation axis A2. Further, the first rotation axis A1 orthogonal to the second rotation axis A2 is also a principal point that is the apex of the paraboloid of the mirror structure 31 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, as with the second rotation axis A2. I go with Q1. That is, in the present embodiment, the intersection of the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 coincide with each other.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the drive device 40 rotates the mirrors 32 around the first rotation axis A <b> 1 and the first drive unit 51 that rotates the mirrors 32 around the first rotation axis A <b> 1. It has the 2nd drive part 41 and the elevation angle change part 70 which changes the angle of the 1st rotating shaft with respect to a horizontal surface.
The second drive unit 41 includes the above-described second rotation shaft 42 having the second rotation axis A2 as the central axis, and the above-described bearing 43 (supporting the second rotation shaft 42 rotatably about the second rotation axis A2. 9) and a second drive mechanism 45 that rotates each mirror 32 about the second rotation axis A2. The second drive mechanism 45 includes a second rectilinear actuator 46. The second rectilinear actuator 46 includes a rod cover 46a and a rod 46b that is linearly driven with respect to the rod cover 46a. The second rectilinear actuator 46 is disposed at a position away from the second rotation shaft 42 in the radial direction so that the rectilinear direction of the rod 46b is perpendicular to the second rotation axis A2. The tip of the rod 46 b is pin-coupled to a receiving seat 57 provided on the mirror structure 31. The receiving seat 57 is provided on the back surface of the one back reinforcing plate 33 of the mirror structure 31 and at a position away from the second rotation axis A2 in the radial direction.
The first drive unit 51 includes a first rotation axis 52 having a first rotation axis A1 orthogonal to the second rotation axis A2 and passing through the principal point Q1 as a central axis, and a first rotation axis centered on the first rotation axis A1. Two bearings 55 and 56 which support 52 so that rotation is possible, and the 1st drive mechanism 60 which rotates each mirror 32 to the surroundings of 1st rotation axis A1 are provided.
The first rotating shaft 52 includes a first rotating shaft main body 53 having the first rotating axis A <b> 1 as a central axis, and a T-shaped tube 54 that is a part of the connecting member 37 in the mirror structure 31. As described above with reference to FIG. 9, the second rotation shaft 42 enters the portion 54 a corresponding to the horizontal line of the T-shaped tube 54, and the bearing 43 provided inside the T-shaped tube 54 causes the second rotation shaft 42 to enter the second rotational shaft 42. It is supported so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis A2. One end of the first rotary shaft main body 53 is fitted into a portion 54b corresponding to the vertical line of the T-shaped tube 54, and the first rotary shaft main body 53 is fixed. In other words, the T-shaped tube 54 serves as a shaft connecting member that connects the second rotating shaft 42 and the first rotating shaft main body 53.
As described above, in this embodiment, the shaft 42 and the T-shaped tube 54 of the connecting member 37 that are components of the mirror structure 31 are also components of the drive device 40.
One side of the first rotating shaft main body 53, that is, a position far from the T-shaped tube 54 is supported by a rear bearing 56 which is one of the two bearings 55 and 56 described above. Further, the other side of the first rotating shaft main body 53, that is, a position close to the T-shaped tube 54 is supported by the front bearing 55 which is the remaining one of the two bearings 55 and 56. Both the front bearing 55 and the rear bearing 56 are attached to a support base 80 or a member extending from the support base 80, as will be described later.
A second actuator support beam 58 is provided on one side of the first rotating shaft main body 53 and at an end further than the rear bearing 56. The rod cover 46a of the second rectilinear actuator 46 is connected to the end of the second actuator support beam 58 by a pin. For this reason, when the first rotary shaft 52 rotates about the first rotational axis A <b> 1, the second linear actuator 46 also includes the first rotary shaft 52 integrally with the first rotary shaft 52. It rotates around A1.
Here, the operation of the second drive unit 41 will be described.
As described above, the second rectilinear actuator 46 is arranged at a position away from the second rotation axis A2 in the radial direction so that the rectilinear direction of the rod 46b is perpendicular to the second rotation axis A2. For this reason, when the rod 46b is driven straight, the mirror structure 31 connected to the tip of the rod 46b rotates around the second rotation axis A2. At this time, the second rotation shaft 42 of the second drive unit 41 rotates around the second rotation axis A2.
In the case of the present embodiment, the mirror structure 31 is rotated around the second rotation axis A2 by the second rectilinear actuator 46 attached to the first rotation shaft 52. The rotation angle range around the second rotation axis A2, in other words, the rotation angle range of the second rotation shaft 42 is an angle range based on the first rotation shaft 52, and is less than 180 °. Specifically, the rotation angle range of the second rotation shaft 42 of the present embodiment is such that, for example, the optical axis Ao perpendicular to the second rotation shaft 42 is relative to the first rotation shaft 52 as shown in FIG. It is 90 ° from an angle of about 90 ° to an angle of about 180 ° with respect to the first rotation shaft 52.
Again, the 1st drive part 51 is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 11 to 16, the first drive mechanism 60 of the first drive unit 51 includes a first linear actuator 61 and a four-link mechanism 62.
The 4-link mechanism 62 includes a first link piece 63, a second link piece 64, a third link piece 65, and a fourth link piece 66 that are connected to each other. The first end 63a of the first link piece 63 is fixed to the rear bearing 56, and the first end 64a of the second link piece 64 is connected to the second end 63b of the first link piece 63 so as to be relatively rotatable by a pin. Has been. The first end 65a of the third link piece 65 is connected to the second end 64b of the second link piece 64 so as to be relatively rotatable by a pin, and the first end 66a of the fourth link piece 66 is connected to the third link. The second end portion 65 b of the piece 65 is connected to the second end portion 65 b by a pin so as to be capable of phase rotation, and the second end portion 66 b of the fourth link piece 66 is fixed to the first rotating shaft 52.
The first rectilinear actuator 61 includes a rod cover 61a and a rod 61b that is driven linearly with respect to the rod cover 61a. The rear bearing 56 is provided with a first actuator support beam 67 extending in a radial direction with respect to the first rotation axis A1. The rod cover 61a of the first rectilinear actuator 61 is connected to the end of the first actuator support beam 67 so as to be relatively rotatable by a pin.
The second link piece 64 is bent in an L shape, and an intermediate portion between the first end portion 64a and the second end portion 64b of the second link piece 64 is a first end portion 64a and a second end portion 64b. Is farther from the first rotation shaft 52 than the line segment connecting the two. The distance from the first end 66a to the second end 66b of the fourth link piece 66, that is, the link length of the fourth link piece 66 is from the first end 64a to the second end 64b of the second link piece 64. , That is, the link length of the second link piece 64 is shorter.
Here, the operation of the first drive unit 51 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 11, the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 52 when the fourth link piece 66 extends vertically upward from the first rotation shaft 52 is 0 °. From this state, when the rod 61b of the first rectilinear actuator 61 is linearly driven in a direction that fits within the rod cover 61a, as shown in FIG. 12, the second link piece 64 has its second end 64b rectilinearly moved by the rod 61b. As a result of displacement as a result of driving, it swings clockwise in FIG. The third link piece 65 connected to the second link piece 64 moves in a substantially clockwise direction by the swinging of the second link piece 64. When the third link piece 65 moves substantially in the clockwise direction, the first end portion 66a of the fourth link piece 66 is displaced in the clockwise direction as the third link piece 65 moves. The first rotating shaft 52 fixed to the second end 66b rotates in the clockwise direction around the first rotating axis A1.
From the state shown in FIG. 12, when the rod 61b of the first rectilinear actuator 61 is further linearly driven in a direction that fits within the rod cover 61a, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, it rotates in the clockwise direction. In the present embodiment, the state shown in FIG. 13 is a state in which the maximum rotation angle in the clockwise direction of the first rotation shaft 52 is formed. This maximum rotation angle is, for example, 90 °.
From the state shown in FIG. 11, when the rod 61b of the first rectilinear actuator 61 is linearly driven in the direction protruding from the rod cover 61a, the second link piece 64 is centered on the first end 64a as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. The third link piece 65 connected to the second link piece 64 moves substantially counterclockwise by the swinging of the second link piece 64. When the third link piece 65 moves substantially counterclockwise, the first end portion 66a of the fourth link piece 66 is displaced counterclockwise as the third link piece 65 moves, resulting in the fourth link piece. The first rotating shaft 52 fixed to the second end portion 66b of the 66 rotates counterclockwise around the first rotating axis A1.
From the state shown in FIG. 14, when the rod 61b of the first rectilinear actuator 61 is further linearly driven in the direction protruding from the rod cover 61a, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, it rotates counterclockwise. In the present embodiment, the state shown in FIG. 15 is a state in which the first rotation shaft 52 forms the maximum counterclockwise rotation angle. This maximum rotation angle is, for example, −90 °.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the first rotation shaft 52 can be rotated within an angular range of ± 90, for example, an angular range of 180 °.
By the way, in this embodiment, when the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 52 shown in FIG. 11 is set to the reference state when the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 52 is 0 °, when the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 52 shown in FIG. Although the fourth link piece 66 is inclined 45 ° from the reference state, the second link piece 64 whose second end is displaced by the first linear actuator 61 is inclined only 22.5 ° from the reference state. Further, when the rotation angle of the first rotating shaft 52 shown in FIG. 13 is 90 °, the fourth link piece 66 is inclined 90 ° from the reference state, but the second end portion is displaced by the first rectilinear actuator 61. The second link piece 64 to be moved is inclined only 45 ° from the reference state.
That is, in the present embodiment, when the second link piece 64 is rotated by the first rectilinear actuator 61, the fourth link piece 66 is rotated by an angle twice the rotation angle of the second link piece 64. As shown in FIG. 17, this is because, in this embodiment, the ends of the links 64 and 66 on the rotation side (second end 64b in the second link piece 64 and first end in the fourth link piece 66). 66a), even if the displacement amount is substantially the same, the link length of the fourth link piece 66 is shorter than the link length of the second link piece 64, so that the rotation angle of the fourth link piece 66 is the rotation of the second link piece 64. This is because it becomes larger than the moving angle.
Therefore, in this embodiment, even if the second link piece 64 is slightly rotated by the rectilinear drive of the first rectilinear actuator 61, the fourth link piece 66 is relatively rotated and the first rotating shaft 52 is rotated. The rotation angle can be increased. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotation angle range of the first rotating shaft 52 can be widened.
In the present embodiment, as described above, the second link piece 64 has an intermediate portion between the first end portion 64a and the second end portion 64b of the second link piece 64 and the second end piece 64a. It is bent in an L shape so as to be farther from the first rotation shaft 52 than the line connecting the end portion 64b. For this reason, in this embodiment, the contact with the 1st rotating shaft 52 can be avoided and the rotation angle range of the 2nd link piece 64 can be expanded. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotation angle range of the first rotating shaft 52 can be widened also from this viewpoint. In the present embodiment, the relationship between the axial force and the torque and the relationship between the stroke and the rotation angle can be set to a predetermined relationship corresponding to one-to-one.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the first rotary shaft 52 is not rotated by the rotary motor, and the link piece connected to the first rotary shaft 52 is rotated by the first rectilinear actuator 61. Since the one rotation shaft 52 is rotated, an increase in the weight of the rotation drive source of the first rotation shaft 52 can be suppressed while securing a large rotation torque. Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the link piece is rotated by the first rectilinear actuator 61 to rotate the first rotating shaft 52, as described above, a special link mechanism is configured to perform the first rotation. The rotation angle range of the shaft 52 can be widened.
As shown in FIGS. 5, 18, and 19, the support base 80 includes a base plate 81 placed at the installation position of the heliostat 30, a support 82 fixed on the base plate 81, and a support 82. It has the some rib 83 provided along the bus-line, and the axis | shaft support stand 85 which supports the 1st rotating shaft 52. As shown in FIG.
The column 82 has a rotating body shape formed by rotating an isosceles trapezoid around the center axis of the isosceles trapezoid, that is, a head cone shape, and a portion corresponding to the bottom of the head cone is a portion of the column 82. At the bottom. The rib 83 is provided from the lower end to the upper end of the support 82 along the bus line of the support 82.
The shaft support base 85 has a pair of arm plates 86 facing each other with a space therebetween, and a connecting plate 87 for connecting the ends of the pair of arm plates 86 to each other. The connecting plate 87 of the shaft support base 85 is fixed to the support 82. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a front bearing 55 is disposed between the pair of arm plates 86 to support the first rotating shaft 52 so as to be rotatable around the first rotating axis A1. The front bearing 55 is provided with an elevation angle changing shaft 88 that is perpendicular to the first rotation axis A1 and extends in the horizontal direction. The elevation angle changing shaft 88 passes through the arm plate 86 of the shaft support 85 and is supported by the arm plate 86 so as to be rotatable about its own center. Therefore, the first rotating shaft 52 can change the angle with respect to the horizontal plane by rotating about the elevation angle changing shaft 88.
One end of a turnbuckle 71 (FIG. 5) is connected by a pin to the other rear bearing 56 that rotatably supports the first rotation shaft 52 around the first rotation axis A1. The other end of the turnbuckle 71 is connected to the intermediate portion in the height direction of the support 82 or the rib 83 of the support base 80 with a pin. The turnbuckle 71 includes a body frame 72 having female screws formed at both ends, and screw rods 73a and 73b that are screwed into the ends of the body frame 72. By rotating 72, the distance between the screw rods 73a and 73b can be changed.
The turnbuckle 71 rotates the body frame 72 to change the distance between the screw rods 73a and 73b, thereby changing the angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane and maintaining this angle at a target angle. It plays a role. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the turn angle 71, the elevation change shaft 88 provided on the rear bearing 56, and the shaft support 85 that supports the elevation change shaft 88 constitute the elevation change portion 70. Yes. Here, the turnbuckle 71 is used for the elevation angle changing unit 70 that changes the angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane. However, the turnbuckle 71 is not limited to this turnbuckle 71. A rack-and-pinion mechanism that converts to a mechanism and a rotary motor that rotates the pinion of this mechanism may be used.
By the way, in this embodiment, as mentioned above using FIG.3 and FIG.10, the intersection of 1st rotation axis A1 and 2nd rotation axis A2 and the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 correspond. For this reason, in this embodiment, even if the mirror structure 31 rotates around the first rotation axis A1 or the second rotation axis A2, the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 does not move. In other words, in this embodiment, the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 is a fixed point.
Thus, in this embodiment, even if the mirror structure 31 rotates about the first rotation axis A1 or the second rotation axis A2, the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 does not move. Therefore, the relative position between the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 and the heat receiving part 11 (heat collecting position) of the heat receiver 10 does not change.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle formed by the virtual line connecting the sun and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 and the virtual line connecting the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 and the condensing position is bisected. If the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 is directed in the direction, the sunlight reflected by the mirror 32 of the mirror structure 31 can be accurately irradiated to the heat receiving unit 11 of the heat receiver 10.
In addition, the center of gravity Q2 of the mirror structure 31 described above is on the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 and slightly from the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 to the support beam member 36 side with reference to the mirror 32. It exists in the position shifted to. However, the center of gravity Q2 exists in the intersection of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42. For this reason, in this embodiment, the position of the center of gravity Q2 hardly moves even if the mirror structure 31 rotates about the first rotation axis A1 or about the second rotation axis A2. The moment of trying to rotate the mirror structure 31 itself around the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 with the weight of the mirror structure 31 itself hardly occurs.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the driving force for rotating the mirror structure 31 can be reduced, the rigidity of the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42, and the rotating shafts 52 and 42 are rotated. The mirror structure 31 can be stably supported even when the rigidity of the support structure including the bearings that can be supported is somewhat small.
Thus, in this embodiment, since rigidity of the 1st rotating shaft 52, the 2nd rotating shaft 42, etc. can be made small, it is also possible to achieve size reduction and weight reduction of these.
Furthermore, the center of gravity Q <b> 2 of the mirror structure 31 according to the present embodiment exists on the support 82 that is a main component of the support base 80. More precisely, it exists on the upper surface of the truncated cone-shaped column 82. For this reason, in this embodiment, even if the mirror structure 31 rotates around the respective rotation axes A1 and A2, there is almost no overturning moment on the base plate 81 side of the support column 82 due to the weight of the mirror structure 31. .
Therefore, in this embodiment, the support stand 80 can be reduced in size and weight. The downsizing of the support base 80 is not to reduce the height of the support base 80, but to reduce the diameter of the support 82 constituting the support base 80, or the thickness and width of the rib 83. Or the rib 83 is omitted.
In the present embodiment, the first linear actuator 61 and the four-link mechanism 62 as a drive source for rotating the first rotation shaft 52 are far away from the intersection Q1 between the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2. Yes. Specifically, the distance from the intersection point Q1 to the first linear actuator 61 and the 4-link mechanism 62 is much larger than the distance from the intersection point Q1 to the front bearing 55 that rotatably supports the first rotary shaft 52. . Further, the second rectilinear actuator 46 as a drive source for rotating the second rotation shaft 42 is also far away from the intersection Q1 between the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2. Specifically, the distance from the intersection point Q1 to the second rectilinear actuator 46 is much larger than the distance from the intersection point Q1 to the bearing 43 that rotatably supports the second rotation shaft 42. That is, in the present embodiment, the first rectilinear actuator 61, the 4-link mechanism 62, and the second rectilinear actuator 46 are greatly separated from the intersection Q1 between the first rotating shaft 52 and the second rotating shaft 42.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the actuators 61 and 46 as drive sources do not exist in the vicinity of the intersection point Q1, so that the distance between the two mirrors 32 in which the intersection point Q1 is located in the middle can be reduced. The moment applied to the intersection Q1 between the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 when receiving a wind load can be reduced.
Next, the setting method of each rotation axis A1, A2 of the heliostat 30 demonstrated above is demonstrated.
In astronomical telescopes, equatorial mounts are used to facilitate tracking of stars and the sun. This equatorial mount has an ecliptic axis set parallel to the earth axis and an ecliptic axis perpendicular to the ecliptic axis. In this equatorial mount, the astronomical telescope is rotated about the ecliptic axis and the declination axis, the optical axis of the astronomical telescope is once directed to the target astronomical object, and thereafter the astronomical telescope is rotated about the ecliptic axis. Only can cope with the diurnal motion of celestial bodies.
Accordingly, in the heliostat, if the mirror structure drive device has two rotation axes orthogonal to each other, one rotation axis is set parallel to the ground axis, and the mirror structure is centered on the rotation axis. By turning the, the sun moving in a diurnal motion can be tracked. However, the heliostat needs to reflect light from the sun that moves in a diurnal motion and irradiate the fixed heat receiver 10 with the light. For this reason, as with the astronomical telescope, even if one of the two orthogonal rotation axes is set parallel to the ground axis, the mirror structure must be rotated around the two rotation axes. The fixed heat receiver cannot be irradiated with light from the moving sun.
Therefore, in the following description, the rotation axis that can irradiate the fixed heat receiver 10 with light from the sun that moves in a diurnal motion by basically rotating the mirror structure about one rotation axis. The setting method will be described according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
First, as shown in FIG.21 and FIG.22, the positional data on the earth which installs the mirror structure 31, the positional data on the earth of the heat receiving part 11 of the heat receiver 10 used as the condensing position Pc of sunlight, Solar position data based on the position of the mirror structure 31 at a plurality of times on a predetermined day of the year is acquired (S1).
The mirror structure 31 and the condensing position data are coordinate data on the earth, that is, data indicated by latitude and longitude. The position data of the mirror structure 31 is precisely the position data of the principal point Q1, which is a fixed point of the mirror structure 31, but here, since the data is not so accurate, the heliostat 30 is not necessary. It is sufficient if the position data for installing the.
The solar position data based on the position of the mirror structure 31 is data indicated by the azimuth angle of the sun Ps from the position of the mirror structure 31 and the elevation angle of the sun Ps. Further, the predetermined day of the year is, for example, a spring equinox day or an autumn equinox day. Moreover, the number of sun position data is the number which can specify the locus | trajectory of the sun Ps of the day in a predetermined day, and is specifically 3 or more.
Next, for each of a plurality of times on a predetermined day, an optical axis vector Vo indicating the direction of the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 that directs the light from the sun Ps at the time to the condensing position Pc is obtained (S2 ). The direction of the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 that directs the light from the sun Ps at a certain time to the condensing position Pc is the virtual line L1 connecting the sun Ps and the principal point Q1 of the mirror structure 31, and the mirror structure 31 This is a direction that bisects the angle formed by the virtual line L2 connecting the principal point Q1 and the condensing position Pc. In the present embodiment, a unit vector facing this direction is an optical axis vector Vo.
The locus of the direction line segment indicated by the optical axis vector Vo accompanying the diurnal motion of the sun Ps draws a side surface of a certain cone. That is, the trajectory of the optical axis Ao of the mirror structure 31 that directs the light from the sun Ps that moves in a diurnal direction toward the condensing position Pc describes the side surface of the cone. Therefore, next, a cone C having a generatrix along which a direction line segment indicated by a plurality of optical axis vectors Vo for each time is defined is determined, and a cone center axis vector Va indicating the direction of the center axis of the cone C is obtained (S3). This conical center axis vector Va is also a unit vector.
Then, the first rotation axis A1 of the heliostat 30 is directed in the direction indicated by the conical center axis vector Va (S4). As described above, when the direction of the first rotation axis A1 coincides with the direction of the conical center axis vector Va, the mirror structure 31 is rotated once around the second rotation axis A2 and reflected by the mirror structure 31. After that, if the sunlight is irradiated to the condensing position Pc, the actual rotation associated with the diurnal motion of the sun Ps is basically performed only by rotating the mirror structure 31 around the first rotation axis A1. The trajectory of the direction line indicated by the optical axis vector Vo forms the side peripheral surface of the cone C defined in step 3. That is, in the present embodiment, the mirror structure 31 is basically rotated around the first rotation axis A1 by matching the direction of the first rotation axis A1 with the direction of the conical center axis vector Va. The light P of the solar Ps that moves around can be irradiated to the fixed condensing position Pc.
Here, as described above, a plurality of heliostats 30 are installed in the installation area of the heat collection facility. Naturally, the relative position with respect to the heat receiver 10 is different for each of the plurality of heliostats 30. For this reason, the angle with respect to the horizontal surface of the first rotation axis A1 for each of the plurality of heliostats 30 is different as shown in FIGS. Further, the orientation of the first rotation axis A1 for each of the plurality of heliostats 30 is also different as shown in FIG. In the heliostat 30 depicted in a T shape in FIG. 24, the portion corresponding to the T-shaped horizontal line indicates the mirror structure 31, and the portion corresponding to the T-shaped vertical line indicates the first rotation shaft 52. Show.
Therefore, in step 4, first, the mirror structure 31 is located at the position indicated by the position data of the mirror structure 31 obtained in step 1, and the orientation of the first rotation axis A1 is the orientation indicated by the cone center axis vector Va. The heliostat 30 is installed so as to become (S5).
Next, the first rotation axis A1 is set so that the angle of the first rotation axis A1 with respect to the horizontal plane becomes the angle of the conical center axis vector Va with respect to the horizontal plane (S6). At this time, the turnbuckle 71 of the elevation angle changing unit 70 is operated to set the angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane.
Incidentally, in the present embodiment, as described above, the rotation angle range of the second rotation shaft 42 is 90 ° to 180 ° with the optical axis Ao perpendicular to the second rotation axis A2 being based on the first rotation shaft 52. It is 90 ° of °. For this reason, for example, as shown in FIG. 25A, one side A1a of the first rotation axis A1 is lower than the other side A1b, and the first rotation axis A1 is counterclockwise with respect to the horizontal plane H. In the downward state in which the angle is set to 340 ° (−20 °), the direction of the optical axis Ao is set to be 70 ° to 160 ° counterclockwise with respect to the horizontal plane H by rotating the second rotation shaft 42. Can be changed in range.
On the other hand, when the angle of the optical axis Ao that can irradiate sunlight to the condensing position Pc in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the horizontal plane H is in the range of 0 ° to 70 °, the heliostat installation step (S5) and the first rotation axis In the angle setting step (S6), the following processing is performed.
In the heliostat installation step (S5), as shown in FIG. 25 (b), the orientation of the one side A1a with respect to the other side A1b of the first rotation axis A1 is opposite to the orientation at the time of setting the downward state described above. The heliostat 30 is installed.
In the first rotation axis angle setting step (S6), one side A1a of the first rotation axis A1 is made higher than the other side A1b, and the angle of the first rotation axis A1 in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the horizontal plane H is 340 °. Set to the upward state (-20 °). That is, the one side A1a of the first rotation axis A1 is higher than the other side A1b, and the angle of the other side A1b of the first rotation axis A1 with respect to the horizontal plane H is the horizontal plane of the one side A1a of the first rotation axis A1 in the downward state. Set the angle to H.
As described above, when the heliostat 30 is installed and the direction of the first rotation axis A1 is set, the direction of the optical axis Ao is made counterclockwise with respect to the horizontal plane H by rotating the second rotation shaft 42. It can be changed within a range Rr of −20 ° to 70 °.
As described above, the angle of the first rotating shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane can be changed by rotating the body frame 72 of the turnbuckle 71 and changing the mutual distance between the screw rods 73a and 73b. Moreover, when it is desired to change the change range of the angle of the first rotation shaft 52 with respect to the horizontal plane, it is possible to cope with this by using different screw rods 73a and 73b of the turnbuckle 71.
As described above, in the drive device 40 of the present embodiment, the rotation angle range of the second rotation shaft 42 is within a predetermined range with respect to the first rotation axis A1, but the other side A1b of the first rotation axis A1. In the rotation angle range of the second rotation axis A2 after installation of the heliostat 30, by making the azimuth of the one side A1a with respect to the opposite direction and using the first rotation axis A1 downward or upward The rotation angle range that the second rotation axis A2 is scheduled to be used can be included.
This completes the installation of the heliostat 30 and the setting of the first rotation axis A1.
After the installation of the heliostat 30 and the setting of the first rotation axis A1, in order to irradiate the condensing position Pc with the mirror 32 of the heliostat 30, the second rotation shaft 42 is rotated and the mirror structure The second rotating shaft 42 is rotated so that the sunlight reflected by the body 31 is irradiated to the condensing position Pc, in other words, the mirror structure 31 around the second rotating axis A2 is rotated. In this way, if the sunlight reflected by the mirror structure 31 is irradiated to the condensing position Pc, as described above, the mirror structure 31 is basically basically rotated around the first rotation axis A1. It is possible to irradiate the fixed condensing position Pc with the light of the sun moving in a diurnal motion only by rotating the.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the control system of the drive device 40 is simplified and energy consumption can be suppressed.
The elevation angle of the sun changes as the season changes, even at the same time of day. When the elevation angle of the sun changes with this seasonal change, the optical axis vector Vo at the same time of the day also changes. As a result, the cone C defined when the first rotation axis A1 is set also changes with the seasonal change. Will change. However, the change of the cone C accompanying the seasonal change is only a change in the diameter of the bottom surface of the cone C, and there is no change in the direction of the central axis of the cone C. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the change in the rotation angle of the second rotation axis A2, in other words, the rotation angle of the mirror 32 around the second rotation axis 42 is changed for the change in the elevation angle of the sun accompanying the seasonal change. To respond.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, the rotation angle of the second rotation axis A2 at the winter solstice, the rotation angle of the second rotation axis A2 at the summer solstice, and the rotation angle of the second rotation axis A2 at the summer solstice, as shown in FIG. Change. The change of the rotation angle of the second rotation axis A2 due to seasonal variation may be performed every day or every several days. This change may be performed manually, but the rotation angle of the second rotation axis A2 every day is stored in the control device 2 in advance, and the second rotation shaft 42 is automatically set according to a daily instruction from the control device 2. May be rotated.
In the above embodiment, the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2 are orthogonal to each other, and the main point Q1 of the mirror structure 31 is on the intersection of the first rotation axis A1 and the second rotation axis A2. positioned. However, the first drive unit that rotates the mirror about the first rotation axis A1 and the second drive unit that rotates the mirror about the second rotation axis that is perpendicular to the first rotation axis. For example, in any type of drive device, by executing the above-described method for setting the rotation axis, the sun light that moves in a diurnal motion can be obtained by simply rotating the mirror structure around the first rotation axis. Can be applied to a fixed condensing position.
Moreover, although the mirror structure 31 having the two mirrors 32 is illustrated in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the mirror structure 31 having one mirror may further include three sheets. It is applicable also to what has the above mirror. Moreover, although the mirror structure 31 which has the rectangular plate-shaped mirror 32 is illustrated in the above embodiment, this invention is not limited to this, For example, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a mirror structure 31A having a semicircular plate-like mirror 32A may be used. In addition, when the semicircular plate-like mirror 32A is employed, interference with the installation surface can be mitigated and the column can be shortened.
Q1 ... principal point, Q2 ... center of gravity, Ao ... optical axis, A1 ... first rotation axis, A2 ... second rotation axis, 1 ... heat collecting equipment, 2 ... control device, 10 ... heat receiver, 11 ... heat receiving section, 20 ... Tower facility, 30 ... Heliostat (light collecting device), 31 ... Mirror structure, 32 ... Mirror, 33 ... Back reinforcement plate, 35 ... Support frame, 36 ... Support beam member, 37 ... Connecting member, 40 ... Drive device , 41 ... second drive unit, 42 ... second rotary shaft, 45 ... second drive mechanism, 46 ... second linear actuator, 51 ... first drive unit, 52 ... first rotary shaft, 60 ... first drive mechanism, 61 ... 1st linear actuator, 62 ... 4 link mechanism, 63 ... 1st link piece, 64 ... 2nd link piece, 65 ... 3rd link piece, 66 ... 4th link piece, 70 ... Elevation angle change part, 71 ... Turn Buckle, 80 ... support, 82 ... support
In a heat collecting apparatus that includes a mirror structure having one or more mirrors, reflects sunlight at the mirror of the mirror structure, and collects the sunlight at a predetermined light collection position.
A first drive unit that rotates the mirror about a first rotation axis, and a second drive unit that rotates the mirror about a second rotation axis perpendicular to the first rotation axis,
The first rotation axis is set in parallel to the central axis of a cone drawn by the locus of the optical axis of the mirror structure that directs light from the sun moving in a diurnal direction to the light collection position.
A light condensing device.
The light collecting device according to claim 1,
The reflecting surface of the one or more mirrors of the mirror structure forms one rotationally symmetric surface, and the rotational symmetry axis of the rotationally symmetric surface forms the optical axis of the mirror structure.
The light collecting device according to claim 1 or 2,
An elevation angle changing unit that changes an angle of the first rotation axis with respect to a horizontal plane;
The light collecting device according to claim 3,
In the second drive unit, an angular range in which the mirror rotates around the second rotation axis is a predetermined angle range with respect to the first rotation axis,
The elevation angle changing portion is between a downward state in which one side of the first rotational axis is lower than the other side with respect to the second rotational axis and an upward state in which the one side is higher than the other side. The angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane can be changed.
The light collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A heat receiver for heating the medium by sunlight collected by the light collecting device;
A heat collecting facility characterized by comprising:
A turbine driven by a medium heated by the heat receiver;
A generator for generating electricity by driving the turbine;
A solar thermal power generation facility characterized by comprising:
A mirror structure having one or more mirrors, and a driving device for rotating the mirror structure around a rotation axis to direct sunlight reflected by the mirror of the mirror structure to a predetermined light collection position; In the setting method of the rotation axis in the heat collecting apparatus comprising:
Position data on the earth of the mirror structure, position data on the earth at the condensing position, and sun position data based on the position of the mirror structure at a plurality of times on a predetermined day of the year And a data acquisition step for acquiring
An optical axis vector calculation step for obtaining an optical axis vector indicating the direction of the optical axis of the mirror structure that directs light from the sun at the time to the condensing position for each of the plurality of times on the predetermined day;
A cone center axis vector calculation step for determining a cone having a generatrix along which a direction line segment of the optical axis vector for each time is determined, and obtaining a cone center axis vector indicating the direction of the center axis of the cone;
A rotation axis setting step for setting the rotation axis parallel to the conical center axis vector;
A method of setting a rotation axis, characterized in that
In the setting method of the axis of rotation according to claim 7,
The drive device rotates a first drive unit that rotates the mirror about a first rotation axis as the rotation axis, and rotates the mirror about a second rotation axis that is perpendicular to the first rotation axis. A second drive unit,
The step of changing the rotation angle of the mirror around the second rotation axis in response to a change in the elevation angle of the sun accompanying a change in the day,
A method for setting a rotation axis, which is executed.
In the setting method of the axis of rotation according to claim 8,
The rotation axis setting step includes:
The collecting structure is arranged such that the mirror structure is positioned at the position indicated by the position data of the mirror structure acquired in the data acquisition step, and the orientation of the first rotation axis is the orientation indicated by the cone center axis vector. A light collecting device installation step for installing an optical device;
A first rotation axis angle setting step for setting the first rotation axis so that the angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane is an angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the conical central axis vector;
A method for setting the rotation axis.
In the setting method of the axis of rotation according to claim 9,
In the first rotation axis angle setting step, an angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane on the one side with respect to the second rotation axis becomes an angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the conical center axis vector, and the first rotation axis The downward direction in which the one side is lower than the other side, and the angle of the first rotation axis with respect to the horizontal plane on the other side is the angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the conical center axis vector, and one side of the first rotation axis is on the other side The predetermined angle range based on the first rotation axis includes an angle range in which the mirror is to be rotated about the second rotation axis. Set the first axis of rotation to a ready state,
In the condensing device installation step, the orientation of the one side relative to the other side of the first rotation axis when the first rotation axis is set in the downward state in the first rotation axis angle setting step, When the one rotation axis is set in the upward state, the light collecting device is installed so as to be opposite in orientation to the one side relative to the other side of the first rotation axis.
A method for setting a rotation axis.
JP2012043863A 2012-02-29 2012-02-29 Light condensing device, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar thermal power generation apparatus with light condensing device Pending JP2013181669A (en)
JP2012043863A JP2013181669A (en) 2012-02-29 2012-02-29 Light condensing device, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar thermal power generation apparatus with light condensing device
PCT/JP2013/054724 WO2013129299A1 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-25 Optical condenser, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar thermal power generation apparatus equipped with optical condenser
US14/380,102 US9441616B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-25 Optical condenser, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar power generation apparatus equipped with optical condenser
AU2013227164A AU2013227164B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-25 Optical condenser, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar power generation apparatus equipped with optical condenser
JP2013181669A true JP2013181669A (en) 2013-09-12
ID=49082498
JP2012043863A Pending JP2013181669A (en) 2012-02-29 2012-02-29 Light condensing device, rotational axis setting method therefor, and heat collection apparatus and solar thermal power generation apparatus with light condensing device
US (1) US9441616B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2013181669A (en)
AU (1) AU2013227164B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013129299A1 (en)
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