Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP4399773B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-12-06 08:37:10
Document Index: 473158375

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 52', 'art 52', 'art 42', 'art 43', 'art 44', 'art 45', 'art 50', 'art 52', 'art 52', 'art 53']

JP4399773B2 - Control system - Google Patents
JP2005149379A (en
2005-06-09 Publication of JP2005149379A publication Critical patent/JP2005149379A/en
2010-01-20 Publication of JP4399773B2 publication Critical patent/JP4399773B2/en
The present invention relates to a control system constructed via a network, and more particularly to a control system capable of changing a system configuration in a short time.
Control systems range from large-scale systems such as IA (Industrial Automaion) (for example, plant control and monitoring) to medium-scale systems such as BA (Building Automaion) (for example, building air conditioning and lighting) Control and monitoring), and small scales called LA (Laboratory Automaion) (for example, control and monitoring of a few to a few dozen devices in a laboratory) .
Such a control system displays various information necessary for system control and operation on the display screen of the display section of the management node that manages control of the entire control system, or when an abnormality occurs in the system. A warning is displayed and the operator is notified, and the operator operates the management node in response to the abnormality so that processing such as appropriate instruction and alarm confirmation can be performed on the system component node.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional control system in a plant. In FIG. 7, a management node 10 is connected to a network 100, and defines, monitors, and operates a plant, and manages control of the entire plant. The management node 10 includes a display unit such as a CRT screen or a liquid crystal screen. The network 100 may be wired or wireless.
The controllers 20 to 22 are distributed in the plant and communicate with the management node 10 via the network 100 (in FIG. 7, three units are connected as an example, but any number may be connected). The sensor 30 measures an object such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, and a switch. The actuator 31 is, for example, a valve, a motor, a pump, or the like. Here, the controller, sensor, and actuator are referred to as system component nodes.
Each of the controllers 20 to 22 is connected with a number of sensors 30 and actuators 31 necessary to control the plant. FIG. 7 shows an example in which two sensors 30 and one actuator 31 are connected to each of the controllers 20 to 22, but of course the necessary number is connected to each of the controllers 20 to 22. Good). The controllers 20 to 22 input signals from the sensor 30 and control the actuator 31.
Next, details of the management node 10 will be described.
The management node 10 includes a system configuration definition database (hereinafter abbreviated as DB) 11, a network definition DB 12, a tag definition DB 13, a control function definition DB 14, and an operation / monitoring screen definition DB 15. Here, the definition information stored in DB11 to DB15 is collectively referred to as a system definition information group. DB11 to DB15 are storage units.
First, before the plant is controlled, a system design for controlling the plant is performed.
The number of controllers 20 to 22, sensors 30, actuators 31, installation locations, etc. are designed. Then, position information for installing the controllers 20 to 22 is defined in the system configuration definition DB 11, and a network address assigned to the controllers 20 to 22 is defined in the network definition DB 12. Further, the names (tags) of the sensors 30 and actuators 31 connected to the controllers 20 to 22 and the positions to be connected are defined in the tag definition DB 13.
Then, a control function to be performed by the system component node is defined in the control function definition DB 14. For example, the controllers 20 to 22 define upper and lower limit monitoring programs for signals from the sensors 30 and 31, PID control parameters and control programs for controlling the actuator 31 based on signals input from the sensors 30, and the like. Is done. In the case of the sensor 30 and the actuator 31, the input / output method and format of the input / output signal are defined.
Furthermore, information for displaying the system configuration on the display unit of the management node and performing processing for the operator's operation is defined in the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 15.
In this way, the entire system is defined in advance in each of the DBs 11 to 15, and the system design is completed.
Then, system component nodes are sequentially installed in the plant based on the definition information of the system definition information group. For example, network addresses are set in the controllers 20 to 22 and installed at predetermined positions, and connected to the network 100. Further, the sensor 30 and the actuator 31 are installed and connected to predetermined positions of the controllers 20 to 22, respectively.
When the installation is completed, the management node 10 downloads the control function of the control function definition DB 14 to each system component node. When the download is completed for all the system component nodes, the control system can be operated and monitored from the management node 10 on the screen, and management for controlling the plant can be performed.
That is, the controllers 20 to 22 arranged in a distributed manner perform predetermined control calculations using signals from various sensors 30 and operate the actuators 31 to control the plant. Further, the controllers 20 to 22 monitor the upper and lower limit values for input data, output data, etc., and if these upper and lower limit value ranges are exceeded, an alarm (alarm) signal or the like indicating that is sent to the network 100. To the management node 10. Furthermore, various control functions handled by the controllers 20 to 22 are sent to the management node 10 side via the network 100, and the management node 10 displays the plant control functions, monitoring results, and the like on the display unit. Then, the operator monitors the display unit, resets the control function for operating and operating the plant in the management node 10 as necessary, and transmits the control function to the controllers 20 to 22 via the network 100.
In such a system, the system component node may be changed (added, deleted, replaced). The number, type, usage, control function, etc. of system component nodes are all designed in detail before the system is operated. Therefore, whenever the system component node is changed, the definition of the DBs 11 to 15 related to the change is changed again from the system design, and then the system component node is actually changed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-231927 (paragraph numbers 0002-0009, FIG. 1)
In recent years, in order to improve the quality of products manufactured in a plant, shorten delivery time, reduce production costs, etc., system component nodes in the plant are frequently changed.
However, even if one system component node is changed at the site in the plant, for example, the DB 11 to 15 related to the system definition information group is corrected each time, and the display unit is displayed along with the corrected definition information. Screen generation, system component node address setting, and download are required, which requires a great amount of man-hours.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to realize a control system capable of changing (adding, exchanging, and deleting) system component nodes in a short time.
In a control system constructed via a network,
A plurality of system configurations including a communication unit that self-generates a unique global address when connected to the network, and transmits the generated global address, attribute information of the own node, and position information where the own node is installed to the network An element node;
Monitoring and operating the system component node via the network, and providing a management node for managing the control of the entire control system;
The management node is
A communication unit for communicating via the network;
A storage unit that stores, as definition information , a global address of the system component node, a position to be installed, a tag, a control function that defines an operation, and a configuration of an operation / monitoring screen ;
A display unit for displaying an operation / monitoring screen;
A definition information generating unit that generates definition information based on the global address, the attribute information, and the position information acquired via the network, and stores the definition information in the storage unit;
From the definition information related to the configuration of the operation / monitoring screen of the storage unit, a screen generating unit for displaying the operation / monitoring screen of the system component node on the display unit,
A control function providing unit that reads a control function that defines the operation of the system component node from the storage unit and outputs the control function to the communication unit ;
The attribute information includes at least one of the type, manufacturer, model, and serial number of the own node .
The system component node is at least one of a sensor, an actuator, or a controller.
The system component node has an attribute information holding unit for holding the attribute information of the own node .
The definition information generation unit includes an attribute information determination unit that determines the validity of the attribute information.
The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 1 ,
The definition information generation unit includes a position determination unit that determines a position where the system component node is installed based on position information acquired via the network .
The invention of claim 6 is the invention of claim 1,
The communication units of the system component node and the management node have an address generation unit that generates a unique global address.
The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 1,
The communication units of the system component node and the management node perform packet communication.
The communication unit includes an authentication unit that adds authentication data to the header of the packet and determines the validity of the packet based on the authentication data added to the received packet.
The invention according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 7,
The communication unit includes an encryption processing unit that encrypts a packet.
The invention of claim 10 is the invention of claim 7,
The communication unit of the system component node multicasts a packet including the generated global address as a transmission source address to all management nodes and system component nodes connected to the system,
The communication unit of the management node receives the multicast packet and sends a response to the system component node.
The invention according to claim 11 is the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 10,
The Internet protocol specification IPv6 is used as a communication protocol for connecting to the network.
The invention according to claim 12 is the invention according to claim 1,
The system component node has a position detection unit that detects a position where it is installed.
The invention of claim 13 is the invention of claim 12,
The position detection unit is characterized by detecting a position using radio waves or ultrasonic waves.
The invention according to claim 14 is the invention according to claim 1,
The network has a switching hub,
The invention according to claim 15 is the invention according to claim 2,
The controller has self-learning means for learning a more suitable control function by transmission / reception from the sensor and the actuator, and transmits the learned control function to the management node.
The definition information generation unit of the management node generates definition information by a control function from the controller.
The invention according to claim 16 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
The management node is characterized in that it communicates with system component nodes via the Internet.
According to the first to sixteenth aspects, the communication unit of the system component node generates a unique global address, establishes communication with the management node, and transmits position information and attribute information to the management node. Then, the management node changes the definition information of the storage unit from the position information and the attribute information, and the screen generation unit displays the latest operation / monitoring screen on the display unit. As a result, each time the system component node is changed, the operation can be started immediately after the system component node is connected without the need for the system designer or developer to change the storage unit with a great deal of man-hours. Therefore, the system configuration can be changed in a short time, and the efficiency of system construction, operation, and maintenance can be dramatically improved.
In addition, even if the actual installation status does not match the contents of the storage unit due to the addition, deletion, or replacement of system component nodes, the definition information generation unit automatically detects and corrects the contents of the storage unit. System inconsistencies can be suppressed.
Further, since the communication unit generates a unique global address, the address does not overlap between the management node and the system component node. Therefore, it is not necessary for the designer or developer to confirm the address stored in the storage unit and allocate the address.
According to claim 4 , since the attribute information determination unit determines the validity of the attribute information from the system component element node, even if a third party connects an unauthorized system component node, the unauthorized system component element Data from the node can be removed. Therefore, the reliability of the system is improved and installation errors can be prevented.
According to the seventh aspect, since the communication units of the system component node and the management node perform packet communication, they can be multiplexed and transmitted. As a result, communication can be performed efficiently even when the number of network lines is small. Communication can also be performed between nodes having different communication speeds and communication means.
According to claim 8, the authentication unit of the communication unit adds authentication data to the header of the packet. Further, since the validity of the received packet is determined based on the authentication data, the validity of the packet can be easily determined at the packet level, and the reliability of the system is improved.
According to the ninth aspect, since the encryption processing unit Tr3 of the communication unit Tr encrypts and transmits the packet, it is possible to prevent leakage or alteration of data in the packet, and security is improved.
According to the tenth aspect, the communication unit of the system component node multicasts a packet including the generated global address as a transmission source address to all of the management node and the system component node connected to the system, and the communication of the management node Since the unit receives the multicast packet and sends a response to the received packet to the system component node, the system component node can automatically recognize the management node.
According to the eleventh aspect, since the communication unit uses the Internet protocol specification IPv6 as a communication protocol for connecting to the network, packet encryption, addition of authentication data to the packet header, and generation of a global address are performed. Can be done according to specification.
According to Claims 12 and 13, since the position detection unit detects the position where the node is installed, even if the installation position is misunderstood, the installation position is displayed on the display screen of the display unit. Mistakes can be prevented.
According to the fourteenth aspect, since the switching hub is provided between the network system component nodes, only packets other than communication to the system component node in the same switching hub are transmitted to the network. Thereby, the communication amount of the network can be reduced.
According to the fifteenth aspect, since the self-learning means of the controller learns a more suitable control function by transmitting and receiving input / output signals from the sensor and actuator, and reflects them in the storage unit of the management node, the operator displays It is not necessary to obtain an optimal control function from the operation / monitoring screen of the unit and store it in the storage unit. Thereby, the man-hour concerning the change of the system configuration can be reduced.
According to the sixteenth aspect, since communication is performed using the Internet, it is necessary to perform communication by connecting management nodes and system components distributed over a wide area through a dedicated line and a public line charged according to the amount of communication. In addition, laying costs and communication charges can be reduced.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the system component node 40. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the management node 50. Here, the same components as those in FIG. 1-3, instead of the controllers 20 to 22, the sensor 30, and the actuator 31, the controllers C (1) to C (3), the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) is connected to the network 100 (in FIG. 1, three controllers, four sensors, and four actuators are connected as an example, but any number may be connected). Here, the controllers C (1) to C (3), SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are referred to as a system component node 40. The system component nodes 40 are not connected at a plurality of levels as in the apparatus shown in FIG. 7, but are connected to the network 100 at the same level.
The controllers C (1) to C (3), the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are respectively a communication unit Tr, a position detection unit 41, and an attribute information holding unit 42. A control function acquisition unit 43, a control function holding unit 44, and an execution unit 45.
The communication unit Tr includes an address generation unit Tr1, an authentication unit Tr2, and an encryption processing unit Tr3, and is connected to the network 100. The communication unit Tr uses the Internet protocol specification IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) as a communication protocol for connecting to the network 100, and performs packet communication.
When connected to the network 100, the address generation unit Tr1 generates a unique global address according to the IPv6 specification. The authentication unit Tr2 adds authentication data to the header of the packet according to the IPv6 specification. Further, the validity of the packet is determined based on the authentication data added to the received packet. The encryption processing unit Tr3 encrypts a plaintext packet to be transmitted, and returns the received encrypted packet to the original plaintext.
The position detection unit 41 is, for example, a GPS (Global Positioning System) that performs position measurement using radio waves from an artificial satellite. The position detection unit 41 detects the position where the node is installed in the plant and obtains the installed position information. Output to the communication unit Tr. The attribute information holding unit 42 holds attribute information unique to its own node (including at least one of its own node type (controller, sensor type, actuator type, etc.), manufacturer, model, and serial number). The attribute information is output to the communication unit Tr.
The control function acquisition unit 43 acquires the control function from the communication unit Tr and stores it in the control function holding unit 44. The execution unit 45 reads out and executes the control function stored in the control function holding unit 44 based on the data acquired by the communication unit Tr, and outputs the execution result to the communication unit Tr.
A management node 50 is provided instead of the management node 10. The management node 50 includes DBs 51a to 51e for storing definition information (DBs 51a to 51e are storage units), a communication unit Tr, a definition information generation unit 52, a control function providing unit 53, a screen generation unit 54, and a display unit 55. And is connected to the network 100 to define, monitor and operate the plant and manage the control of the entire plant.
The system configuration definition DB 51a stores, as definition information, an attribute including a position where the controllers C (1) to C (3) are installed. The network definition DB 51b stores global addresses of the controllers C (1) to C (3), sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and actuators AC (1) to AC (4). The tag definition DB 51c includes attributes including the tags of the controllers C (1) to C (3), the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4), and the sensors SN (1) to SN (1) to The SN (4) and the installation positions of the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are stored.
The control function definition DB 51d stores control functions that define the operations of the controllers C (1) to C (3), the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4). For example, in the case of the controllers C (1) to C (3), the monitoring program of the upper and lower limit values for the signals from the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4), the sensor SN ( 1) to SN (4), PID control parameters and control programs for controlling the actuators AC (1) to AC (4), sensors SN (1) to SN (4) for controlling and monitoring, Actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are defined. For the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4), the input / output method and format of the input / output signals are used.
The operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e stores configuration information of the operation / monitoring screen for displaying the system configuration on the display unit 55, displaying graphics for allowing the operator to perform operations, and the like. Here, the definition information stored in the DBs 51a to 51e is generically called a system definition information group.
The definition information generation unit 52 includes a position determination unit 52a and an attribute information determination unit 52b. The definition information generation unit 52 generates definition information of a system definition information group according to data from the communication unit Tr and stores the definition information in the DBs 51a to 51e. The position determination unit 52 determines the position where the system component node 40 is installed in the plant. The attribute information determination unit 53 determines the validity of the attribute information of the system component node 40.
The control function providing unit 53 reads the control function from the control function definition DB 51d and outputs it to the communication unit Tr. The screen generation unit 54 reads the operation / monitoring screen definition information from the operation / monitoring screen definition 51 e and causes the display unit 55 to display the operation / monitoring screen.
Similarly to the apparatus shown in FIG. 7, a plant designer, a developer, or the like can control the controllers C (1) to C (3), the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4 ) Design the number, specifications, installation location, etc. And the positional information etc. which install controller C (1) -C (3) are defined in system configuration definition DB51a. Note that it is not necessary to define the network addresses of the controllers C (1) to C (3), the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) in the network definition DB 51b.
And controller C (1)-C (3), sensor SN (1)-SN (4), tag of actuator AC (1)-AC (4), sensor SN (1)-SN (4), actuator The installation positions of AC (1) to AC (4) are defined in the tag definition DB 51c. The tag definition DB 51c is a system component such as which controller C (1) to C (3) controls the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) and actuators AC (1) to AC (4). Related information between nodes 40 is also defined.
Furthermore, a control function to be performed by the system component node 40 is defined in the control function definition DB 51d. Then, a system configuration and a configuration of an operation / monitoring screen for performing processing for an operator's operation are defined in the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e on the display unit 55 of the management node 50.
In this way, the entire system is defined in advance in each of the DBs 51a to 51e, and the system design is completed.
First, the management node 50 is connected to the network 100. Thereby, the address generation unit Tr1 of the communication unit Tr of the management node 50 generates a unique global address according to the IPv6 specification.
After the management node 50 is connected to the network 100 and installed, the system component nodes 40 are sequentially installed in the plant based on the definition information of the system definition information group. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the installation operation of the system component node 40.
When the system component node 40 is connected to the network 100, the address generation unit Tr1 of the communication unit Tr of the system component node 40 generates a unique global address (SQ1). Then, the communication unit Tr generates a packet with the address generated by the address generation unit Tr1 as a transmission source address. Further, the authentication unit Tr2 adds predetermined authentication data to the header of the packet. Now, the encryption processor Tr3 encrypts the packet to which the authentication data is added. Then, the communication unit Tr performs link-local multicast using the encrypted packet as a scope in the local area network installed in the plant (SQ2).
On the other hand, the communication unit Tr of the management node 50 receives the multicast packet. Then, the encryption processing unit Tr3 converts the packet encryption into plain text. Further, the authentication unit Tr2 determines validity at the packet level. That is, if the authentication data included in the packet header is authenticated by a predetermined authentication algorithm, the authentication unit Tr2 determines that a valid system component node 40 is connected. Then, the communication unit Tr of the management node 50 generates a packet using the address generated by the address generation unit Tr1 as a transmission source address, and the authentication unit Tr2 adds predetermined authentication data to the packet header. Further, the encryption processing unit Tr3 encrypts the packet to which the authentication data is added. Then, the communication unit Tr transmits the encrypted packet to the address included in the received packet (SQ4).
Then, the communication unit Tr of the system component node 40 receives the packet transmitted to the own node. Then, the encryption processing unit Tr3 converts the received packet into plain text, and the authentication unit Tr2 determines the validity of the authentication data. If the validity is confirmed, the communication unit Tr reads and holds the address of the management node 50 included in the packet. Further, the position detection unit 41 outputs the position information where the node 40 is installed to the communication unit Tr, and the attribute information holding unit 42 outputs the attribute information to the communication unit Tr. Then, the communication unit Tr creates a packet having the position information and the attribute information as data, adds authentication data to the header, encrypts the packet, and transmits the packet to the management node 50 with the address of the management node 50 held as a destination ( SQ5).
On the other hand, the communication unit Tr of the management node 50 extracts position information and attribute information from the received packet (of course, after confirming the normality of the packet and the packet) and outputs it to the definition information generation unit 52. Then, the attribute information determination unit 52b confirms whether the attribute information defined in advance in the DB (not shown) matches the attribute information of the received packet. Items to be checked may be determined by all of the type, manufacturer, model, and serial number of the system component node 40, or may be only desired items. If the attribute information does not match, the communication with the system component node 40 that has received the packet is cut off as invalid. If the attribute information is valid, the communication is not disconnected (SQ6). Then, the position determining unit 52a of the definition information generating unit 52 determines in which position of the plant the system configuration node 40 is installed (SQ7).
Further, the definition information generation unit 52 reads information defined in the system configuration definition DB 51a and the tag definition 51c. Then, from the position determined by the position determination unit 52a and the read definition information, it is confirmed whether the system component node 40 is installed at a correct position in the plant. If it is installed at the wrong position, the position where the system component node 40 is installed is stored in the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e. Then, the screen generation unit 54 may read the contents stored in the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e, and display the warning installed at the wrong position, the currently installed position, and the correct position on the display unit 55. . Then, after confirming that the system component node 40 is installed at the correct position, the global address of the system component node 40 is added to the network definition DB 51b (SQ8).
Further, the control function providing unit 53 reads the tag from the tag definition DB 41c, reads the control function from the control function definition DB 51d, and outputs it to the communication unit Tr. Further, the communication unit Tr creates a packet having the tag and the control function as data, adds authentication data to the header, and encrypts the packet. Then, it is transmitted to the system component node 40 and downloaded (SQ9).
Then, the addressed system component node 40 converts the packet received from the management node 50 into plain text, determines the validity of the authentication data, and outputs the control function included in the packet to the control function acquisition unit 43. . Then, the control function acquisition unit 43 converts the data into an executable format and stores it in the control function holding unit 44 (SQ10). Thereby, the initial installation at the time of system construction is completed.
The system component node whose installation has been completed periodically multicasts a packet including an identifier indicating that it is operating normally as data to the management component 50 and the related system component node 40. Alternatively, the management node 50 receives a packet including an identifier indicating normal operation from a specific system component node 40 by polling.
When the download is completed for all the system component nodes 40, the control system can be operated and monitored from the management node 50 on the screen, and the management for controlling the plant can be performed.
That is, in response to an instruction from the controllers C (1) to C (3), the execution unit 45 of the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) reads out the control function from the control function holding unit 44, and performs measurement or the own node SN ( 1) to SN (4) are controlled, and the results are output to the communication unit Tr. And the communication part Tr of sensor SN (1) -SN (4) produces | generates the packet which uses a result as data, adds authentication data to a header, encrypts controller C (1) -C ( Send to 3).
Similarly, the execution unit 45 of the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) reads out the control function from the control function holding unit 44 in accordance with an instruction from the controllers C (1) to C (3), and controls (valve) according to the instruction. The control result is output to the communication unit Tr. And the communication part Tr of sensor AC produces | generates the packet which makes a result data, adds authentication data to a header, encrypts and transmits to controller C (1) -C (3) which instruct | indicated.
Also, the controllers C (1) to C (3) arranged in a distributed manner send packets from the communication units Tr of the various sensors SN (1) to SN (4) to the controllers C (1) to C (3). Received by the communication unit Tr. Then, using the received packet data, a predetermined control calculation or the like is performed, and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are operated to control the plant. Controllers C (1) to C (3) monitor the upper and lower limit values for input data, output data, etc., and if these upper and lower limit value ranges are exceeded, an alarm (alarm) indicating that fact. The signal or the like is converted into a packet and transmitted to the management node 50 via the network 100. Furthermore, various control functions handled by the controllers C (1) to C (3) are sent to the management node 50 side via the network 100, and the management node 50 displays the plant control functions and monitoring on the display unit 55. Display the results. Then, the operator monitors the display unit 55, resets the control function for operating and operating the plant in the management node 50 as necessary, and the controllers C (1) to C (3) via the network 100. ).
Next, the operation when the system component node is changed (added, deleted, exchanged) will be described.
(1) A system component node 40 is added.
First, attribute information of system component nodes to be added (for example, sensors SN (1) to SN (4)) is stored in a DB (not shown) included in the attribute information determination unit 52b of the management node 50. Then, the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) are connected to the network 100. Hereinafter, similarly to the operation illustrated in FIG. 4, the management node 50 and the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) perform from the address generation (SQ1) to the determination of the installation positions of the sensors SN (1) to SN (4). (SQ7).
And the definition information generation part 52 confirms whether the network address of sensor SN (1) -SN (4) exists from network address definition DB51b, and when there is no sensor SN (1) -SN (4). Judge that it was newly added. Then, a network address is newly added and defined in the network definition DB 51b, and a tag is newly added to the tag definition DB 51c. For the tag, for example, a serial number may be created and a new number added. In addition, the types of sensors SN (1) to SN (4), installation positions, and the like are defined in the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e. As a result, the screen generation unit 54 reads new definition information from the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e, and displays an operation / monitoring screen in which the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) are added to the display unit 55.
Moreover, the definition information regarding the system component node 40 related to the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) is also changed from the installation position. For example, the system component node 40 included in the area where the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) are installed is targeted by dividing the area when designing the system. Further, the control functions of the controllers C (1) to C (3) perform control calculation based on the input signals of the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), and the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are controlled. Defined to operate. However, when the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) are added, the number of input signals increases, but the definition information generation unit 52 averages the output values of the neighboring sensors SN (1) to SN (4). Thus, it is preferable to define a control function that performs control calculation as an input signal. When a controller is added instead of the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), the position of the controller may be added to the system configuration definition DB 51a. Thus, the definition information generation part 52 produces | generates and stores the definition information of related DB51a-54e.
Then, similarly to the operation shown in FIG. 4, the control function providing unit 53 applies the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) and the system component node 40 related to the sensors SN (1) to SN (4). Then, the tag and the control function are downloaded (SQ9), and the control function acquisition unit 43 converts the received packet into executable data and stores it in the control function holding unit 44 (SQ10).
As described above, the system component node 40 that has been installed is periodically multicasted to the management component 50 and the system component node 40 related to the management node 50 by using a packet including an identifier indicating that the system component node is operating normally as data. is doing. Alternatively, the management node 50 receives a packet including an identifier indicating normal operation from a specific system component node 40 by polling. If the definition information generation unit 52 of the management node 50 does not receive a packet including this identifier for a predetermined period, the system component nodes (for example, the actuators AC (1) to AC (4)) are disconnected from the network 100 and deleted. Judge that it was done.
Then, the global addresses of the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) that do not reach the packet are deleted from the network definition DB 51b, and the definition information of the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) is deleted from the tag definition DB 51c. Further, definition information related to the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) stored in the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51e is also deleted. Accordingly, the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are not displayed from the operation / monitoring screen displayed by the screen generation unit 54. Also, definition information related to the system component node 40 related to the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) is changed from the installation positions of the actuators AC (1) to AC (4) included in the tag definition DB 51c.
(3) When the system component node 40 is replaced.
The replacement of the system component node 40 is, for example, a temperature sensor that is a type of the sensors SN (1) to SN (4), not a case where the same type of thermocouple is replaced, but a temperature sensor that uses a thermocouple. Is replaced with a radiation temperature sensor. First, (2) the operation when the system component node 40 is deleted is performed, and (1) the operation when the system component node is added is performed.
As described above, the communication unit Tr of the system component node 40 generates a unique global address, establishes communication with the management node 50, and transmits position information and attribute information to the management node 50. Then, the management node 50 changes the definition information of the DBs 51 a to 51 e from the position information and the attribute information, and the screen generation unit 54 displays the latest operation / monitoring screen on the display unit 55. Thus, every time the system component node 40 is changed, it is not necessary for the system designer or developer to change the DBs 51a to 51e with a great amount of man-hours, and the operation is started immediately after the system component node 40 is connected. Can do. Therefore, the system configuration can be changed in a short time, and the efficiency of system construction, operation, and maintenance can be dramatically improved.
Even if the actual installation status and the contents of the DBs 51a to 51e become inconsistent due to addition, deletion, and replacement of the system component node 40, the definition information generation unit 52 self-detects the contents of the DBs 51a to 51e.・ Since this is corrected, system inconsistencies can be suppressed.
In addition, since the attribute information determination unit 52b determines the validity of the attribute information included in the received packet, even if a third party connects the unauthorized system component node 40, the unauthorized system component node 40 Data can be removed. System reliability is improved and installation errors can be prevented.
Since the communication units Tr of the system component node 40 and the management node 50 perform packet communication, they can be multiplexed and transmitted. Thereby, even when the network 100 has few lines, communication can be performed efficiently. Communication can also be performed between nodes 40 and 50 having different communication speeds and communication means.
The authentication unit Tr2 of the communication unit Tr adds authentication data to the header of the packet. Further, since the validity of the received packet is determined based on the authentication data, the validity of the packet can be easily determined at the packet level, and the reliability of the system is improved.
Since the encryption processing unit Tr3 of the communication unit Tr encrypts and transmits the packet, it is possible to prevent leakage of data in the packet, falsification, and the like, and security is improved.
Since the communication unit Tr generates a unique global address, the address does not overlap between the management node 50 and the system component node 40. Therefore, it is not necessary for the designer or developer to confirm the address stored in the network address definition DB 51b and allocate the address.
The communication unit Tr of the system component node 40 multicasts a packet including the generated global address as a transmission source address to all of the management node 50 and the system component node 40 connected to this system, and the communication unit Tr of the management node 50 However, since the multicast packet is received and a response to the received packet is sent to the system component node 40, the system component node 40 can automatically recognize the management node 50.
Since the communication unit Tr uses the Internet protocol specification IPv6 as a communication protocol for connecting to the network 100, packet encryption, addition of authentication data to the packet header, and generation of a global address are performed according to the specification. be able to.
Since the position detection unit 41 detects the position where the node is installed, even if the installation position is misunderstood, the installation position is displayed on the display screen of the display unit 55, so that an installation error can be prevented.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and illustration is also omitted. The network 100 is provided with switching hubs SH1 to SH3 having a plurality of ports. The switching hubs SH <b> 1 to SH <b> 3 are provided between the network 100 and the system component node 40. Among the system component nodes 40, the sensors SN (1) to SN (4) and actuators AC (1) to AC (4) that perform packet transmission / reception with the controllers C (1) to C (3) are the same. Are connected to the respective ports of the switching hubs SH1 to SH3. Further, the switching hubs SH1 to SH3 have an address table that holds addresses of system component nodes 40 connected to the ports. Further, each port of the switching hubs SH1 to SH3 has a bridge means having a bridge function.
The operation of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is almost the same as that of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 except that the switching hubs SH1 to SH3 read the address of the destination included in the header of the packet from the management node 50. To the destination system component node 40. When the system component node 40 connected to the same switching hub SH1 to SH3 as that of the system component node 40 among the packets from the system component node 40 is the destination, the switching hubs SH1 to SH3 are connected to the network 100. The packet is transmitted only to the destination system component node 40. Of course, if the destination is the system node 40 connected to the management node 50 and the different switching hubs SH1 to SH3, the packet is transmitted to the network 100.
Thus, since the switching hubs SH1 to SH3 are provided between the network 100 and the system component node 40, only packets other than communication to the system component node 40 in the same switching hub SH1 to SH3 are transmitted to the network 100. To do. Thereby, the communication amount of the network 100 can be reduced.
In addition, since each port has a bridging means, one-to-one communication can be performed between the ports, and other ports can communicate freely even if one set is communicating. Thereby, a collision can be reduced.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention, which is an example in which the present invention is applied to a BA. Here, the same components as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 6, controllers C (4) to C (6), sensors SN (5) to SN (7), actuators AC (5) to AC (8) are controllers C (1) to C (3), sensors SN (1) to SN (4) and actuators AC (1) to AC (4) are provided instead of the network 100. Here, the sensors SN (5) to SN (7), the controllers C4 to C6, and the actuators AC (5) to AC (8) are the system component nodes 40. For example, each of the sensors SN (5) to SN (7) is an authentication sensor, a human sensor, and a temperature sensor, and each of the actuators AC (5) and AC (8) is an electric lock of a door (not shown). , The air conditioner, and the actuators AC (6) and AC (7) are illuminations.
In addition, the management node 50 is newly provided with DBs 51f to 51h as storage units. The daily / monthly report definition DB 51f creates daily / monthly reports as definition information, such as the amount of power consumed by the system component node 40 in one day or one month and the number of people who have been authenticated by the authentication sensor SN (5). The necessary types are defined. The alarm definition DB 51g defines the type of alarm from the system component node 40 as definition information. In the schedule definition DB 51h, a schedule for operating the controllers C (4) to C (6) is defined as definition information.
The initial installation in such a device and the operations for adding, deleting, and changing the system configuration node 40 are substantially the same as those of the device shown in FIG. Different operations define definition information in the DBs 51f to 51h at the time of system design. That is, unlike IA, in the case of BA, DBs 51f to 51h are defined as definition information for allowing a user entering the building to spend comfortably or to control the building at a minimum cost. When the download from the management node 50 to all the system component nodes 40 is completed, the control system can be operated and monitored from the management node 50 on the screen, and management for building control can be performed.
For example, if the result of authentication by the authentication sensor SN (5) is correct by the controller C (4), the electric lock on the door (not shown) is opened. Further, when the human sensor SN (6) senses a person, the controller C (5) turns on the lighting AC (6) and AC (7). Furthermore, the controller C (6) operates the air conditioner AC (8) according to the temperature from the temperature sensor SN (7). Such input / output signals to the controllers C (4) to C (6) are transmitted to the management node 50 via the network 100. Further, data related to the events defined by the daily / monthly report DB 51g and the alarm definition 51g are also transmitted to the management node 50 via the network 100. The controllers C (4) to C (6) open / close the electric lock AC (5), turn on the lighting AC (6), AC (7), and the air conditioner AC (8) according to the schedule of the schedule definition DB. / Turn off. The screen generation unit 54 transmits / receives input / output signals from the operation / monitoring screen definition DB 51f and the controllers C (4) to C (6), thereby causing the display unit 55 to display the operation / monitoring screen and daily / monthly reports. As a result, alarms that occurred, current schedule progress, etc. should be displayed.
As described above, by applying the control system of the present invention to the BA, a change in the system component node 40 of each floor and each room can be easily detected and the system configuration can be changed in a short time. In general, in the case of IA, the system component node 40 is often installed under the direction of a system designer or developer. On the other hand, in the case of BA, there is a problem that the system component node 40 is independently connected to the network 100 according to the preference of the user who uses each floor and each room. There is also a problem that it is difficult for an operator who manages the management node 50 to freely enter each floor and each room.
However, the system component node 40 generates a unique global address, establishes communication with the management node 50, and transmits position information and attribute information to the management node 50. Then, the management node 50 changes the definition information of the DBs 51 a to 51 h from the position information and the attribute information, and the screen generation unit 54 displays the latest operation / monitoring screen on the display unit 55. Thereby, each time the system component node 40 is changed, the DB manager does not need to change the DBs 51a to 51h by entering the respective floors and rooms and spending a great amount of man-hours. Also, users on each floor and room can connect the system component node 40 without contacting the administrator. Furthermore, the operation can be started immediately after the system component node 40 is connected. Therefore, the system configuration can be changed in a short time, and the efficiency of system construction, operation, and maintenance can be dramatically improved.
In the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the management node 50 and the system component node 40 are configured to perform communication via the network 100 in one plant or building. Communication with the system component node 40 and communication between the system component nodes 40 may be performed via the Internet which is a kind of the network 100. That is, the management node 50 and the system component node 40 may be installed in a wide area.
Even in such a distributed case, the communication unit Tr can generate a global address according to the IPv6 specification and perform secure communication. That is, since the address generation unit Tr1 of the communication unit Tr generates a unique global address, it can be connected to the Internet. Further, since the authentication unit Tr2 adds the authentication data to the packet header and transmits it, and determines the validity of the received packet based on the authentication data, the validity of the packet can be easily determined at the packet level. System reliability is improved. Furthermore, since the encryption processing unit Tr3 encrypts and transmits the packet, it is possible to prevent data leakage or alteration in the packet.
For example, when communication is performed via the Internet, there is a problem that, for example, IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) cannot secure a sufficient global address. It is also necessary to limit unauthorized access from the Internet. Therefore, a private address is allocated to the system component node 40 for each plant or each building. Further, a gateway or a network address translation device (NAT) is provided between the Internet and the system component node 40 to enhance security. This makes it difficult to operate and monitor the system component node 40 from the outside. However, since the communication unit Tr generates a global address according to the IPv6 specification and performs secure communication, no gateway or NAT is required. Thereby, the system configuration can be simplified and the cost can be suppressed.
Since communication is performed using the Internet, there is no need to perform communication by connecting the management nodes 50 and system components 50 distributed over a wide area with a dedicated line and a public line charged according to the amount of communication. Costs and communication charges.
In addition, in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the configuration of IA is shown as an example of a large-scale control system, and the configuration of BA is shown as an example of a medium-scale control system. The present invention may be applied to a small control system (for example, LA).
Moreover, in the apparatus shown in FIG.1, FIG.5, FIG.6, although DB51a-51h was provided and the structure which defines definition information was shown, it is good to define required definition information according to the control system made into object.
Moreover, although the apparatus shown in FIG.1, FIG.5, FIG.6 showed the structure which uses Internet protocol specification IPv6 as a communication protocol for connecting to the network 100, what kind of communication protocol may be used.
1, 5, and 6, the configuration using the authentication unit Tr <b> 2 and the cryptographic processing unit Tr <b> 3 has been shown. However, the reliability and security of the system component node 40 connected to the network 100 are ensured. In such a case, it is not necessary to provide both or one of the authentication unit Tr2 and the encryption processing unit Tr3.
Further, in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the configuration in which the attribute determination unit 52b for determining whether the system component node 40 is valid is provided. However, there is an installation error and reliability of the system component node 40. If it is secured, the attribute determination unit 52b may not be provided.
1, 5, and 6, the position detection unit 41 is configured to perform position measurement by GPS using radio waves from a satellite to detect the position. May be provided, the system component node 40 may receive radio waves transmitted by these radio base stations, and detect the position of the own node based on the received radio wave intensity. This is particularly effective in places where radio waves from satellites do not reach or are difficult to reach (for example, underground or valleys of buildings). Further, position detection may be performed using ultrasonic waves instead of radio waves.
1, 5, and 6, the position detection unit 41 has shown a configuration for self-detecting the installation position. However, before the installation, the position detection unit 41 stores the position information in advance. It is not necessary to perform self-detection.
Furthermore, in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1, 5, and 6, the execution unit 45 of the controllers C (1) to C (6) is configured to execute according to the control function defined by the definition information generation unit 52. Self-learning means (for example, a neural network) for learning a more suitable control function by transmitting / receiving input / output signals from the sensors SN (1) to SN (7) and actuators AC (1) to AC (8) It may be provided. And it is good to transmit the control function which the self-learning means learned to the management node 50 via the communication part Tr. Furthermore, the definition information generation unit 52 of the management node 50 may generate control function definition information by the control functions from the controllers C (1) to C (6) and store them in the control function definition DB 51d.
Thus, the self-learning means of the controllers C (1) to C (6) transmits and receives input / output signals from the sensors SN (1) to SN (7) and actuators AC (1) to AC (8). Thus, a more suitable control function is learned and reflected in the control function DB 51d of the management node 50, so that the operator does not need to obtain an optimal control function from the operation / monitoring screen of the display unit 55 and store it in the control function DB 51. . Thereby, the man-hour concerning the change of the system configuration can be reduced.
It is the block diagram which showed the 1st Example of this invention. It is the figure which showed the example of a structure of the system component node 40 of the system shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the example of a structure of the management node 50 of the system shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed the operation example of the system shown in FIG. It is the block diagram which showed the 2nd Example of this invention. It is the block diagram which showed the 3rd Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the control system in the conventional IA.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 System component node 41 Position detection part 42 Attribute information holding part 43 Control function acquisition part 44 Control function holding part 45 Execution part 50 Management node 51a-51h Database 52 Definition information generation part 52a Position judgment part 52b Attribute information judgment part 53 Control Function providing unit 54 Screen generating unit 55 Display unit 100 Network Tr Communication unit Tr1 Address generating unit Tr2 Authentication unit Tr3 Cryptographic processing unit C (1) to C (6) Controller SN (1) to SN (7) Sensor AC (1) -AC (8) Actuator SH1-SH3 Switching hub
A control function providing unit that reads out a control function that defines the operation of the system component node from the storage unit and outputs the control function to the communication unit ;
The attribute information includes at least one of a type, a manufacturer, a model, and a serial number of the own node .
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the system component node is at least one of a sensor, an actuator, and a controller.
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the system component node includes an attribute information holding unit that holds attribute information of the own node .
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the definition information generation unit includes an attribute information determination unit that determines validity of the attribute information.
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the definition information generation unit includes a position determination unit that determines a position where the system component node is installed based on position information acquired via the network .
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit of the system component node and the management node includes an address generation unit that generates a unique global address.
The control system according to claim 1, wherein communication units of the system component node and the management node perform packet communication.
The control system according to claim 7, wherein the communication unit includes an authentication unit that adds authentication data to a header of the packet and determines validity of the packet based on the authentication data added to the received packet.
The control system according to claim 7, wherein the communication unit includes an encryption processing unit that encrypts the packet.
8. The control system according to claim 7, wherein a communication unit of a management node receives the multicast packet and sends a response to the system component node.
11. The control system according to claim 6, wherein Internet Protocol specification IPv6 is used as a communication protocol for connecting to the network.
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the system component node includes a position detection unit that detects a position where the system component node is installed.
The control system according to claim 12, wherein the position detection unit detects a position using radio waves or ultrasonic waves.
The control system according to claim 1, wherein a system component node is connected to the switching hub.
3. The control system according to claim 2, wherein the definition information generation unit of the management node generates definition information by a control function from the controller.
The control system according to claim 1, wherein the management node communicates with a system component node via the Internet.
JP2003389345A 2003-11-19 2003-11-19 Control system Active JP4399773B2 (en)
JP2005149379A JP2005149379A (en) 2005-06-09
JP4399773B2 true JP4399773B2 (en) 2010-01-20
JP2003389345A Active JP4399773B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2003-11-19 Control system
EP2140617A2 (en) 2010-01-06 Routing packets on a network using directed graphs