Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/JP4910582B2/en
Timestamp: 2020-02-18 01:02:08
Document Index: 370215272

Matched Legal Cases: ['art 42', 'art, 28', 'art, 38', 'art, 40', 'art, 42', 'art, 43', 'art, 71']

JP4910582B2 - Information processing apparatus and method, and program - Google Patents
JP4910582B2
JP4910582B2 JP2006246877A JP2006246877A JP4910582B2 JP 4910582 B2 JP4910582 B2 JP 4910582B2 JP 2006246877 A JP2006246877 A JP 2006246877A JP 2006246877 A JP2006246877 A JP 2006246877A JP 4910582 B2 JP4910582 B2 JP 4910582B2
JP2008070959A5 (en
JP2008070959A (en
2006-09-12 Priority to JP2006246877A priority Critical patent/JP4910582B2/en
2008-03-27 Publication of JP2008070959A publication Critical patent/JP2008070959A/en
2009-10-22 Publication of JP2008070959A5 publication Critical patent/JP2008070959A5/ja
2012-04-04 Publication of JP4910582B2 publication Critical patent/JP4910582B2/en
The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus and method, and a program, and more particularly, to an information processing apparatus and method, and a program that can easily search for desired content.
In recent years, with the spread of digital broadcasting and the Internet, users can acquire a large amount of content through broadcast waves, the Internet, and the like, but as the amount of content increases, it becomes difficult to search for desired content. It is coming. Therefore, it is desired to realize a technique and a technique for easily searching for desired content.
Conventional content search methods include keyword search and genre search, which are generally performed in multimedia recording / playback apparatuses that record and play back content. In the keyword search, by specifying a keyword such as a title name or an artist name, it is possible to search for content related to the specified keyword using metadata or the like given to each content. In the genre search, by specifying a desired genre, content belonging to the specified genre can be searched based on the genre information given to the content.
Further, in order to appropriately provide information desired by the user in response to the user's preference, the user's preference for the information is determined based on the environment in which the information is used, the genre to which the information belongs, and the like. It has been proposed to manage as structure data (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Further, it has been proposed that thumbnails of each content are arranged and displayed on the screen in accordance with the degree of interest of the user with respect to each content and the similarity between each content (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2001-1555038 A JP 2001-229167 A
However, keyword search is effective when a user performs a search with a clear intention, but when performing a search with a vague interest or intention, it is associated with a keyword that represents one's interest or intention. In some cases, it is difficult to search for desired content using keyword search.
Further, in genre search, it is important that each content is appropriately classified. When the genre classification is inappropriate or rough, it is difficult to search for desired content. Furthermore, it is difficult to search for content classified into an abstract genre such as “other sports” by specifying the genre.
In addition, the invention of Patent Document 1 is effective when searching for information that the user likes, but information that is different from the user's preference is searched, or preference information such as information belonging to a new genre is not accumulated. It is difficult to be effective when searching for information.
Further, in the invention described in Patent Document 2, since only one level of classification is performed based only on the degree of content relevance, it becomes difficult to search for desired content as the number of content increases.
The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and makes it possible to easily search for desired content.
The information processing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an identification unit that identifies a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content, and a set of the content belonging to the category Clustering means for classifying the set of contents into clusters by performing clustering processing based on the metadata for the target, and in a hierarchical structure composed of the categories and the clusters, a cluster reflecting user preferences is And a hierarchical structure changing means for changing the hierarchical structure so as to be arranged at the same position .
The said clustering means, it is possible to perform the clustering process with an emphasis on the viewpoint of the taste of the user.
An information processing apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes: an identification unit that identifies a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing content content; and a set of the content belonging to the category Clustering means for classifying the set of contents into clusters by performing clustering processing based on the metadata for the target, and a cluster reflecting recent topics and trends in the hierarchical structure composed of the categories and clusters And a hierarchical structure changing means for changing the hierarchical structure so as to be arranged at a higher level.
The said clustering means, it is possible to emphasize the point of view of the recent topics and trends carried out the clustering process.
Using the hierarchical structure, a presentation control means for controlling so as to fall into each of the categories and the clusters presenting the content may be further provided.
Category metadata generating means for generating category metadata indicating a relationship between a keyword extracted from the metadata of a plurality of contents and used to identify a category to which the content belongs and the category; The identification unit can identify the cluster to which the content belongs based on a keyword included in the metadata and the category metadata.
The information processing method or program according to the first aspect of the present invention identifies a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content of the content, and sets a set of the content belonging to the category. A clustering process is performed on the target based on the metadata so as to classify the set of contents into clusters, and in the hierarchical structure including the categories and the clusters, a cluster reflecting the user's preference is arranged at a higher level. The step of changing the hierarchical structure .
The information processing method or program according to the second aspect of the present invention identifies a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content, and sets the set of content belonging to the category. By performing clustering processing on the target based on the metadata, the set of contents is classified into clusters, and a cluster reflecting recent topics and trends is placed higher in the hierarchical structure consisting of the categories and clusters. Changing the hierarchical structure to include:
In the first aspect of the present invention, a category to which the content belongs is identified from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content of the content, and the set of the content belonging to the category is targeted. By performing a clustering process based on data, the set of contents is classified into clusters, and the hierarchical structure is arranged such that a cluster reflecting user preferences is arranged higher in the hierarchical structure including the categories and the clusters. Be changed.
In the second aspect of the present invention, a category to which the content belongs is identified from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content of the content, and the set of the content belonging to the category is targeted. By performing a clustering process based on the data, the set of contents is classified into clusters, and in the hierarchical structure composed of the categories and the clusters, the hierarchy reflecting the latest topics and trends is arranged at a higher level. The structure is changed.
As described above, according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, contents can be classified. According to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily search for desired content.
The information processing apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention (e.g., the information processing apparatus 1 Fig. 1), based on the metadata describing the contents of a content identification identifying the category to which the contents belong from the given category Clustering means for classifying the set of contents into clusters by performing clustering processing based on the metadata for the set of contents belonging to the category (for example, the category identification unit 71 in FIG. 2) (For example, a clustering unit 72 in FIG. 2) and a hierarchical structure changing means (for example, a hierarchical structure changing means for changing the hierarchical structure so that a cluster reflecting the user's preference is placed higher in the hierarchical structure including the category and the cluster. 2) .
The information processing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention (for example, the information processing apparatus 1 in FIG. 1) identifies the category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content. Clustering means for classifying the set of contents into clusters by performing clustering processing based on the metadata for the set of contents belonging to the category (for example, the category identification unit 71 in FIG. 2) (For example, the clustering unit 72 in FIG. 2) and a hierarchical structure changing means for changing the hierarchical structure so that a cluster reflecting recent topics and trends is placed higher in the hierarchical structure including the category and the cluster ( For example, a hierarchical structure changing unit 73) of FIG.
The information processing apparatus of the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, using the hierarchical structure, presentation control means for controlling so as to fall into each of the categories and the clusters presenting the content (e.g., The content classification result display unit 43) of FIG. 1 is further provided.
The information processing device according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention is a keyword extracted from the metadata of a plurality of contents, and used for identifying a category to which the content belongs and the category Category metadata generating means (for example, the category metadata generating unit 31 in FIG. 1) for generating category metadata indicating the relationship is further provided, and the identifying means is based on the keyword included in the metadata and the category metadata. The cluster to which the content belongs is identified.
The information processing method or program according to the first aspect of the present invention identifies a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content (for example, step S21 in FIG. 8). By performing a clustering process based on the metadata for the set of contents belonging to the category, the set of contents is classified into clusters (for example, step S22 in FIG. 8), and from the categories and the clusters In the hierarchical structure, a step of changing the hierarchical structure so as to arrange a cluster reflecting the user's preference (for example, step S23 in FIG. 8) is included.
The information processing method or program according to the second aspect of the present invention identifies a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content (for example, step S21 in FIG. 8). By performing a clustering process based on the metadata for the set of contents belonging to the category, the set of contents is classified into clusters (for example, step S22 in FIG. 8), and from the categories and the clusters In the hierarchical structure, the step includes changing the hierarchical structure so that clusters reflecting recent topics and trends are arranged higher (for example, step S23 in FIG. 8) .
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an information processing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
The information processing device 1 is a device that records or reproduces content such as a television program broadcast from a broadcast station (not shown) and content transmitted from the server 4 via the Internet 3.
The information processing apparatus 1 includes a digital broadcast receiving unit 21, a network receiving unit 22, a video / audio decoding unit 23, a display 24, a speaker 25, a content information acquisition unit 26, a content information storage unit 27, a content keyword information generation unit 28, Dictionary data storage unit 29, content keyword information storage unit 30, category metadata generation unit 31, category metadata storage unit 32, remote controller interface (I / F) 33 , user operation processing unit 34, recorded content information storage unit 35 , Reserved content information storage unit 36, operation history storage unit 37, user preference metadata generation unit 38, user preference metadata storage unit 39, topic ranking metadata generation unit 40, topic ranking metadata storage unit 41, content classification processing Part 42 and content Configured to include a result display unit 43.
The digital broadcast receiving unit 21 receives content such as a television program broadcast by digital broadcasting from a broadcast station (not shown), and supplies the received content information to the content information acquisition unit 26. The digital broadcast receiver 21 receives an EIT (Event Information Table) transmitted from a broadcast station (not shown) to display an EPG (Electronic Program Guide), and represents metadata (hereinafter referred to as metadata). (Referred to as “content information”). The short format event descriptor defined in EIT describes the program title, detailed information, etc., the content descriptor describes the program genre, etc. As detailed content information, for example, in the case of movie content, an actor name or director name is described, and in the case of music content, a singer name or song name is described.
The network receiving unit 22 receives content transmitted from the server 4 via the Internet 3 and supplies the received content to the video / audio decoding unit 23. The network receiver 22 receives content information transmitted from the server 4 via the Internet 3 and supplies the content information to the content information acquisition unit 26. Note that content information received via the Internet 3 also includes information similar to the EIT described above.
Further, the network receiving unit 22 is information that is distributed from a portal site or a newspaper company site published on the server 4 and that indicates update information or summary of each site in RSS (Resource Description Framework Site Summary) format. Information including keywords indicating recent topics and trends (hereinafter, topic ranking information) such as ranking data of blogs and blogs is received, and the received topic ranking information is supplied to the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40.
The video / audio decoding unit 23 decodes the content acquired from the digital broadcast receiving unit 21 or the network receiving unit 22. The video / audio decoding unit 23 separates the decoded content into video data and audio data, supplies the video data to the display 24, and supplies the audio data to the speaker 25. Furthermore, the video / audio decoding unit 23 supplies the decoded content to the user operation processing unit 34 as necessary.
The display 24 displays a video based on the acquired video data.
The speaker 25 outputs sound based on the acquired sound data.
The content information acquisition unit 26 causes the content information storage unit 27 to store the content information acquired from the digital broadcast reception unit 21 or the network reception unit 22.
The content keyword information generation unit 28 extracts keywords related to content (hereinafter referred to as content keywords) from the content information stored in the content information storage unit 27. For example, when the content information is a text document such as EIT, the content keyword information generation unit 28 refers to the dictionary data stored in the dictionary data storage unit 29 and performs a morphological analysis on the content information to obtain the text. The character strings are classified for each word, and important words are extracted as content keywords. As will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, the content keyword information generation unit 28 generates content keyword information having a vector type data structure having the content keyword as an element for each content and stores the content keyword information in the content keyword information storage unit 30. Let
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, the category metadata generation unit 31 uses keywords (hereinafter referred to as “keywords”) to identify categories to which content belongs based on content keyword information stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30. , Which is referred to as a category determination keyword) and category metadata indicating the relationship between the category used for content classification. The category metadata generation unit 31 causes the category metadata storage unit 32 to store the generated category metadata.
The remote controller I / F 33 operates the remote controller 2 to receive various commands input by the user, and supplies information indicating the received commands to the user operation processing unit 34.
The user operation processing unit 34 processes various commands from the user. For example, when recording of content is instructed by the user, the user operation processing unit 34 stores the content decoded by the video / audio decoding unit 23 corresponding to the instructed content and the content information storage unit 26. The stored content information is read and stored in the recorded content information storage unit 35. In addition, for example, when a recording reservation for content is instructed by the user, the user operation processing unit 34 reads content information corresponding to the content for which recording reservation is instructed from the content information storage unit 26, and a reserved content information storage unit 36.
In addition, the user operation processing unit 34 causes the operation history storage unit 37 to store information indicating the content-specific ID indicating the content to be operated, the operation details instructed by the user, the operation date and time, and the like as the operation history.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, the user preference metadata generation unit 38 is based on the operation history stored in the operation history storage unit 38 and the content keyword information stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30. The content keyword related to the content that the user likes (hereinafter referred to as the user preference keyword) is extracted from the content keywords included in. In addition, the user preference metadata generation unit 38 assigns importance, which is a weight according to the degree of user preference, to the extracted user preference keywords. The user preference metadata generation unit 38 generates user preference metadata in which the user preference keyword and the importance are associated with each other, and causes the user preference metadata storage unit 39 to store the user preference metadata.
The topic ranking metadata generation unit 40, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, from the acquired topic ranking information, a keyword that briefly represents a recent topic or trend (hereinafter referred to as a topic ranking keyword). To extract. Further, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 assigns importance, which is a weight according to the degree representing recent topics and trends, to the extracted topic ranking keywords. The topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 generates topic ranking metadata in which the topic ranking keyword and the importance are associated with each other, and causes the topic ranking metadata storage unit 41 to store the topic ranking metadata.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 8, the content classification processing unit 42 includes content keyword information stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30, category metadata stored in the category metadata storage unit 32, and user preferences. Content information is stored in the content information storage unit 27 based on user preference metadata stored in the metadata storage unit 39 or topic ranking metadata stored in the topic ranking metadata storage unit 41. Classify content. Note that, when a range of content to be classified is specified by a user or the like, the content classification processing unit 42 classifies content included in the range.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 8, the content classification result display unit 43 acquires the result of content classification from the content classification processing unit 42, and uses the content information stored in the content information storage unit 27. Part or all of the content stored in the content information storage unit 27 is classified and displayed on the display 24.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing details of the content classification processing unit 42 of FIG. The content classification processing unit 42 is configured to include a category identification unit 71, a clustering unit 72, a hierarchical structure change unit 73, and a content classification information storage unit 74.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 8, the category identification unit 71 is based on the content keyword information stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30 and the category metadata stored in the category metadata storage unit 32. Then, by identifying the category to which the content belongs, the content is classified into the corresponding category. The category identifying unit 71 supplies information indicating the category to which the content belongs to the clustering unit 72.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 8, the clustering unit 72 is stored in the user preference metadata storage unit 39 as necessary based on the content keyword information stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30. By performing a clustering process on a set of contents belonging to the category classified by the category identification unit 71 while using topic ranking metadata stored in the user preference metadata or topic ranking metadata storage unit 41, The set of contents is classified into clusters. In addition, the clustering unit 72 extracts a content keyword representing the feature of each cluster and sets it as the cluster name of each cluster. The clustering unit 72 supplies the contents belonging to each cluster, the name of each cluster, and information indicating the attributes of each cluster to the hierarchical structure changing unit 73. The cluster attributes include, for example, a cluster that reflects user preferences, that is, a cluster to which content that the user likes belongs, or a cluster that reflects recent topics and trends, that is, recent clusters. Information indicating whether or not a cluster to which content related to a topic or a trend belongs is set.
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 8, the hierarchical structure changing unit 73 converts the hierarchical structure composed of categories and clusters into a hierarchical structure reflecting user preferences or recent topics and trends as necessary. change. The hierarchical structure changing unit 73 causes the content classification information storage unit 74 to store information indicating the result of classifying each content into categories and clusters (hereinafter referred to as content classification information).
Next, processing executed by the information processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 14.
First, metadata generation processing executed by the information processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step S1, the content information acquisition unit 26 acquires content information. Specifically, the content information acquisition unit 26 acquires content information transmitted from a broadcast station (not shown) via the digital broadcast reception unit 21. Further, the content information acquisition unit 26 acquires content information transmitted from the server 4 or the like via the Internet 3 via the network reception unit 22. The content information acquisition unit 26 causes the content information storage unit 27 to store the acquired content information.
In step S2, the content keyword information generation unit 28 generates content keyword information. Specifically, the content keyword information generation unit 28 reads content information stored in the content information storage unit 27. The content keyword information generation unit 28 refers to the dictionary data stored in the dictionary data storage unit 29 and performs morphological analysis on the read content information, thereby classifying the character strings in the content information for each word. The important words are extracted as content keywords.
Further, the content keyword information generation unit 28 sets a score in the content of the extraction source for the extracted content keyword based on the attribute of the extracted content keyword and the appearance frequency and appearance position in the content information. . For example, based on the appearance frequency of a content keyword, if the same content keyword appears three times in one piece of content information, a score that is three times the score given each time it appears is given to the content keyword . For example, when based on the appearance position of a content keyword, a higher score is given to the content keyword appearing in the title of the program than to the content keyword appearing in the outline of the program. Further, for example, when setting a score based on the attribute of the content keyword, a proper noun or person name keyword is given a higher score than a common noun or verb keyword.
The content keyword information generation unit 28 has, for each content, a content keyword having a vector type data structure with the content keyword extracted from the content information of the content as an element and a weight based on a score corresponding to each content keyword. Information is generated and stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30.
Note that the processes in steps S1 and S2 are executed each time new content information is acquired, for example.
In step S3, the category metadata generation unit 31 determines whether to generate category metadata. For example, content keyword information of a predetermined amount or more is newly stored in the content keyword information storage unit 30, a predetermined period has elapsed since the last generation of category metadata, or the remote controller 2 or the like is used. When the user inputs a category metadata generation command, the category metadata generation unit 31 determines to generate category metadata, and the process proceeds to step S4.
In step S4, the category metadata generation unit 31 generates category metadata. 4 to 7 show examples of category metadata. The category metadata is data indicating a relationship between a category used for content classification and a category determination keyword used for identifying a category to which the content belongs.
The category is composed of two layers, category category 1 and category category 2. Categories belonging to category category 1 (hereinafter referred to as major categories) are defined based on, for example, program genre major classification described in the content descriptor of EIT. A category belonging to category category 2 (hereinafter referred to as a small category) is a category obtained by further classifying a large category in more detail, and is defined based on, for example, a program genre medium category described in an EIT content descriptor. The
As the category determination keyword, for example, a content keyword that is recognized to be highly related to each category by processing such as text mining or pattern recognition on the content keyword information is set. Alternatively, the category determination keyword is set based on, for example, the relationship between each content keyword and the genre to which the content from which the content keyword is extracted belongs. For example, FIG. 4 shows an example in which “diplomatic”, “policy”, and “prime minister” are set as category determination keywords corresponding to the small category of “politics / national assembly” belonging to the large category of “news” . It is shown.
4 to 7 show an example in which the maximum number of category determination keywords per small category is three, the maximum number may be other than three.
The category metadata generation unit 31 causes the category metadata storage unit 32 to store the generated category metadata.
If it is determined in step S3 that category metadata is not generated, the process of step S4 is skipped, and the process proceeds to step S5.
In step S5, the user preference metadata generation unit 38 determines whether to generate user preference metadata. For example, when the user preference metadata is set to classify the content and a predetermined period has elapsed since the last time the user preference metadata was generated, or the remote controller 2 is When the user preference metadata generation command is input by the user, the user preference metadata generation unit 38 determines to generate user preference metadata, and the process proceeds to step S6.
In step S <b> 6, the user preference metadata generation unit 38 acquires the operation history accumulated in the user operation history accumulation unit 37.
In step S7, the user preference metadata generating unit 38 generates user preference metadata. Specifically, the user preference metadata generation unit 38, based on the operation history, content that has been operated by the user during a predetermined period (for example, the past month), for example, recording reservation, recording, playback, Content that has been erased (hereinafter referred to as operation target content) is detected, and content keyword information of the detected content is read from the content keyword information storage unit 30.
The user preference metadata generation unit 38 extracts the user's preference for each content based on the operation details for each operation target content. The user preference metadata generation unit 38 extracts the content keyword included in the content keyword information of each operation target content as the user preference keyword. The user preference metadata generation unit 38 assigns importance to the extracted user preference keyword based on the degree of user preference with respect to the operation target content as the extraction source. This importance is set to a higher value for a user preference keyword that more significantly represents a user's preference. The user preference metadata generation unit 38 generates user preference metadata in which each user preference keyword is associated with the importance, and accumulates the generated user preference metadata in the user preference metadata storage unit 39.
The method for extracting user preferences is not a specific method, and it is desirable to apply a method that can extract user preferences more accurately.
If it is determined in step S5 that user preference metadata is not generated, the processes in steps S6 and S7 are skipped, and the process proceeds to step S8.
In step S8, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 determines whether topic ranking metadata is generated. For example, when the content is set to be classified using the topic ranking metadata and a predetermined period has passed since the last generation of the topic ranking metadata, or the remote controller 2 is When the command for generating the topic ranking metadata is input by the user, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 determines to generate the topic ranking metadata, and the process proceeds to step S9.
In step S9, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 acquires topic ranking information. Specifically, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 uses the Internet 3 and the network reception unit 22 to distribute topic ranking information distributed from newspaper company sites or various portal sites registered in advance by the user. Is obtained from the server 4.
In step S10, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 generates topic ranking metadata. Specifically, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 extracts topic ranking keywords from the acquired topic ranking information. Also, the topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 assigns importance to the extracted topic ranking keywords based on the appearance frequency in the topic ranking information. The topic ranking metadata generation unit 40 generates topic ranking metadata in which the extracted topic ranking keyword and the importance are associated with each other, and causes the topic ranking metadata storage unit 41 to store the topic ranking metadata.
In the information processing apparatus 1, the topic ranking keyword may be acquired from a site on which a recent topic or trend ranking is posted without extracting the topic ranking keyword.
If it is determined in step S8 that topic ranking metadata is not generated, the processes in steps S9 and S10 are skipped, the process returns to step S1, and the processes after step S1 are executed.
Next, content classification processing executed by the information processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This process is started when a content classification command is input by the user using the remote controller 2 or the like, for example.
In step S21, the category identifying unit 71 identifies the category to which the content belongs. Specifically, the category identifying unit 71 reads content keyword information of content to be classified from the content keyword information accumulating unit 30. The category identification unit 71 reads out category metadata from the category metadata storage unit 32.
The category identifying unit 71 extracts the content keyword that matches the category determination keyword set in the small category for calculating the relevance among the content keywords of the content, and the relevance between each content and each small category, Calculated by summing the scores of the extracted content keywords. The category identifying unit 71 extracts a small category whose relevance is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold as a small category to which each content belongs.
In addition, when there are a plurality of small categories having a relevance level equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold for one content, it may be determined that the content belongs to all of the small categories, or a predetermined number from the high relevance level. You may make it determine with belonging to a small category (for example, 1 piece). Further, when there is no small category whose relevance is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, the content is classified, for example, into the “other” large category.
In addition, for a large category for which there is no small category under its control, the degree of association between each content and the large category is calculated, and it is determined whether each content belongs to the large category based on the calculated degree of association.
In this way, all contents including contents for which the category to which the user belongs are not defined are classified into the respective categories.
The category identifying unit 71 supplies information indicating the category to which each content belongs to the clustering unit 72.
In step S22, the clustering unit 72 performs clustering processing. For example, the clustering unit 72 selects a small category on which clustering processing is performed, and calculates the similarity between contents belonging to the selected small category based on the Euclidean distance or cosine scale between the content keyword information. The clustering unit 72 classifies the set of contents belonging to the selected small category into clusters based on the calculated similarity. In addition, the clustering unit 72 extracts a content keyword representing the characteristics of each cluster, and sets the extracted content keyword as the name of the cluster.
At this time, for example, the clustering process may be performed for all the small categories to which the content belongs, or the clustering process may be performed only for the small categories in which the number of content items belongs to a predetermined value or more. May be.
Note that the clustering method used by the clustering unit 72 is not limited to a specific method. For example, a set of contents belonging to a small category may be classified into a cluster of a predetermined hierarchy using a hierarchical clustering technique. Also, for example, using a non-hierarchical clustering technique, a set of contents belonging to a small category is classified into a predetermined number of clusters, and if necessary, a clustering process is performed on the set of contents belonging to each cluster. By repeating, the set of contents belonging to the small category may be classified into clusters of a predetermined hierarchy.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the result of classifying content by the processing of steps S21 and S22. In the example of FIG. 9, the major category of “news” in the first hierarchy is classified into three subcategories of “regular / comprehensive”, “sports”, and “others” in the second hierarchy, and “sports” in the first hierarchy. Are classified into three subcategories of “baseball”, “soccer” and “news” in the second hierarchy, and the major category of “drama” in the first hierarchy is “player A” “ It is categorized into two subcategories of “period drama”. Further, the small category “baseball” in the second layer is classified into one cluster “MLB” in the third layer. Also, “MLB” clusters in the third hierarchy are classified into two clusters “player A” and “player B” in the fourth hierarchy.
In the example of FIG. 9, the content A belongs to the “scheduled / comprehensive” small category under the “news” large category, and the content B belongs to the “sports” small category under the “news” large category. , And belong to the small category of “news” under the large category of “sports”, the content C belongs to the small category of “others” under the large category of “news”, and the content D belongs to “sports” Belongs to the “player A” cluster under the “MLB” cluster under the “MLB” cluster under the “baseball” sub-category and the “player A” sub-category under the “drama” large category , Content E belongs to the cluster of “player A” under the “MLB” cluster under the “baseball” sub-category under the “sports” large category, and the contents F and G , Belonging to the “player B” cluster under the “MLB” cluster under the “baseball” sub-category under the “sports” large category, and the content H is under the “sports” large category “ The content I belongs to the small category of “baseball”, the content I belongs to the small category of “soccer” under the large category of “sports”, and the content J belongs to the small category of “period drama” under the large category of “drama” Content K belongs to the large category of “drama”.
In this way, the contents belonging to the large category or the small category are classified in more detail based on the characteristics of each content. In other words, as the hierarchy is traced, the content is classified according to a more detailed classification from a classification with a higher abstraction level. For example, the contents D to H belonging to the “baseball” category in the second hierarchy are classified into contents belonging to the more detailed “MLB” cluster and contents not belonging to the third hierarchy. The contents belonging to the “MLB” cluster in the hierarchy are classified into the contents belonging to the more detailed “player A” cluster and the contents belonging to the “player B” cluster in the fourth hierarchy.
In addition, when the clustering process is suddenly performed for a set of all contents, it is possible to grasp the relationship between each classified cluster, in other words, to identify which cluster each content is classified into. Sometimes it is difficult to search for desired content. On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, after each content is classified into a predetermined category, clustering processing is performed on a set of content belonging to each category, so that the tendency of the content belonging to each cluster can be grasped. As a result, it becomes easy to search for desired content.
Note that, when the user preference metadata is set to classify content, the clustering unit 72 uses the content keyword score that matches the user preference keyword stored in the user preference metadata storage unit 39. The clustering process is performed by setting a high value based on the weight of the user preference keyword. That is, the clustering unit 72 performs clustering processing with an emphasis on the user's preference. This increases the possibility that a cluster reflecting the user's preference will be generated.
Further, when the content is set to be classified using the topic ranking metadata, the clustering unit 72 sets the score of the content keyword that matches the topic ranking keyword stored in the topic ranking metadata storage unit 41. The clustering process is performed by setting a high value based on the weight of the topic ranking keyword. That is, the clustering unit 72 performs clustering processing with an emphasis on the viewpoints of recent topics and trends. This increases the possibility of generating a cluster reflecting recent topics and trends.
FIG. 10 shows an example of a classification result when content is classified using user preference metadata or topic ranking metadata for the same content as the example shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, as compared to FIG. 9, a “World Cup” cluster is newly provided immediately below the “Baseball” subcategory, as shown in a portion surrounded by a dotted line in the drawing. Here, “World Cup” is assumed to be one of user preference metadata or topic ranking keywords. That is, when “World Cup” is a user preference keyword, the cluster of “World Cup” is a cluster that reflects user preference, and when “World Cup” is a topic ranking keyword, The cluster is a cluster that reflects recent topics and trends. Further, the contents M and N belonging to the “World Cup” cluster are contents not shown in FIG. 9, and belong to the subordinate category of the “baseball” subcategory or the “baseball” subcategory. It is assumed that the content has been stored.
As described above, since the content can be classified according to each user reflecting the user's preference, it becomes easy to search for the content preferred by each user. In addition, since contents can be classified by reflecting recent topics and trends, it becomes easy to search for contents related to recent topics and trends.
Note that content may be classified using both user preference metadata and topic ranking metadata.
The clustering unit 72 supplies the contents belonging to each cluster, the cluster name of each cluster, and information indicating the attributes of each cluster to the hierarchical structure changing unit 73. For example, the clustering unit 72 sets the cluster attribute in which one of the user preference keywords is set as the cluster name to the cluster in which the user preference is reflected, and the cluster ranking unit 72 sets one of the topic ranking keywords as the cluster name. Set attributes to clusters that reflect recent topics and trends.
Returning to FIG. 8, in step S23, the hierarchical structure changing unit 73 changes the hierarchical structure as necessary. Specifically, for example, the hierarchical structure changing unit 73 changes the hierarchical structure so that contents belonging to a small category with a small number of contents are grouped into a large category higher than the small category. For example, in the example of FIG. 9, in the second hierarchy, content A belonging to the “category / general” subcategory, content B belonging to the “sports” subcategory, and content C belonging to the “other” subcategory The hierarchical structure is changed so as to directly belong to the large category of “news” in the first hierarchy. As a result, the number of hierarchies to be traced until the contents A to C are searched can be reduced, and the contents A to C can be searched quickly.
Further, for example, the hierarchical structure changing unit 73 arranges a cluster reflecting the user's preference or a cluster reflecting a recent topic or trend at the top of the hierarchy. For example, in the hierarchical structure of FIG. 9, when the cluster of “player A” in the fourth hierarchy is a cluster that reflects user preferences, or a cluster that reflects recent topics and trends, as shown in FIG. 11. , A cluster of “player A” is newly provided in the first hierarchy, and a small category of “baseball” that is higher than the cluster of “player A” in FIG. 9 is provided immediately below the cluster of “player A”. Also, the contents D and E belong to the “baseball” subcategory under the “player A” cluster. Furthermore, a large category of “drama”, which is higher than the small category of “player A” in the second hierarchy of the same name, is newly provided immediately below the cluster of “player A” in the first hierarchy. Further, the content J belongs to a large category of “drama” under the cluster of “player A”.
As described above, the cluster of “player A” is arranged at the top and the route for searching for the content related to “player A” increases, so that the content related to “player A” can be easily searched. It becomes like this.
The hierarchical structure changing unit 73 causes the content classification information storage unit 74 to store content classification information indicating the result of classifying each content into categories and clusters.
Returning to FIG. 8, in step S24, the content classification result display unit 43 displays the content classification result. Specifically, the content classification result display unit 43 reads content classification information from the content classification information storage unit 74. Further, the content classification result display unit 43 reads content information of the content to be displayed from the content information storage unit 27. The content classification result display unit 43 classifies the content for each category and cluster based on the content classification information and the content information, and displays the classified content on the display 24.
FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 show examples of display screens for content classification results displayed on the display 24. FIGS. 12 to 14 show an example in which the result of classifying the content in the “video” folder in which the recorded content is accumulated is displayed. In FIG. 12 to FIG. 14, a range R surrounded by a dotted line is a range actually displayed on the display 24. Further, the auxiliary lines for indicating the columns L1 to L4 in FIGS. 12 to 14 are not actually displayed on the screen.
In the example of FIG. 12, an icon 101 representing a “video” folder is displayed in the column L1, and icons 102-1A to 102-1F representing major categories in the first hierarchy are vertically aligned above and below the icon 101. Has been displayed. Further, the large category represented by the icon 102-1C displayed in the cursor 104-1 among the icons 102-1A to 102-1F is the currently selected large category. That is, the large category of “Information / Wide Show” is currently selected.
Also, in the column L2 adjacent to the right of the column L1, icons 102-2A to 102-2I representing the second-level small categories that belong directly below the currently selected “information / wide show” large category are displayed in the vertical direction. Are arranged and displayed. The small category represented by the icon 102-2F displayed in the cursor 104-2 among the icons 102-2A to 102-2I is the currently selected small category. That is, the small category “Gourmet / Cooking” is currently selected. Further, a mark 105-1 is displayed indicating that the second category small category displayed in the column L <b> 2 belongs directly below the first category “information / wide show” major category.
In addition, when a cluster or content exists immediately below the currently selected first category of the first hierarchy, icons representing the cluster or content are displayed vertically aligned in the column L2 together with icons representing the small categories. The
Furthermore, in the column L3 adjacent to the right of the column L2, icons 102-3A and 102-3B representing clusters in the third hierarchy that belong to the currently selected “gourmet / cooking” small category are vertically aligned. Has been displayed. Further, of the icons 102-3A and 102-3B, the cluster represented by the icon 102-3A displayed in the cursor 104-3 is the currently selected cluster. That is, the small category “Cooker A” is currently selected. Further, a mark 105-2 indicating that the cluster of the third hierarchy displayed in the column L3 belongs to the subcategory of the subcategory “Gourmet / Cooking” of the second hierarchy is displayed.
Note that, when content exists immediately below the currently selected second-level sub-category, icons representing the content are displayed along with the icons representing the clusters in the column L3 in the vertical direction.
In addition, an icon 103 representing content belonging to the currently selected cluster of “cooker A” is displayed in a column L4 on the right side of the column L3. In addition, a mark 105-3 indicating that the content displayed in the column L <b> 4 belongs to the “cooker A” cluster in the third hierarchy is displayed.
When there are a plurality of contents belonging to the currently selected third layer cluster, icons representing the respective contents are displayed in the column L4 in the vertical direction. In addition, when there are more clusters immediately below the currently selected third layer cluster, icons representing the clusters are displayed vertically aligned in the column L4.
Further, on the right side of the icons 102-1A to 102-3B, the category name of the large category or the small category represented by each icon, or the cluster name of the cluster, and the large category, the small category, or the cluster belong. The number of content titles is displayed. Further, an underline is displayed in the character string on the right side of the currently selected icon to distinguish it from other icons. Instead of the underline, the color of the character string, the typeface, the background color, etc. may be changed.
Further, on the right side of the icon 103, information related to the content such as the title name of the content represented by the icon 103 and the broadcast date is displayed.
In the screen shown in FIG. 12, the user uses the remote controller 2 or the like to move the icons 102-1A to 102-1F displayed in the row L1 in the vertical direction, and moves the icon in the cursor 104-1 to By changing, a desired large category can be selected. Further, along with the change of the selection of the large category, columns L2 to L4 are displayed with icons representing the small categories, clusters, and contents belonging to the newly selected large category. If the number of major categories in the first hierarchy is large and cannot be displayed on one screen, icons representing major categories that are not displayed on the screen are displayed on the screen by moving the icons up and down. Can be made.
In addition, the user uses the remote controller 2 or the like to display the icons on the column where the marks 105-1 to 105-3 are displayed. In this case, the icon 102-1C, the icon 102-2F, the icon 102-3A, The icon 103 can be moved in the left-right direction. FIG. 13 shows an example of the display screen when the icon 102-3A displayed in the column L3 in FIG. 12 is moved to the column L1, that is, the display screen when the third layer icon is moved to the column L1. Is shown. The user can select an icon of the hierarchy by moving the icon of a desired hierarchy to the column L1. In the case of the example of FIG. 13, it is possible to select a cluster in the third hierarchy. When the number of layers is large and not all can be displayed in one screen, icons belonging to layers not displayed in the screen can be displayed in the screen by moving the icons in the left-right direction.
In this way, content is classified and presented using a hierarchical structure that is classified from a higher level of abstraction to a more detailed classification as it progresses from the top to the bottom, so a list of content is displayed in the form of a table or list Even if the user's interest is vague, compared to the case where the user is interested, by following the hierarchy, it is possible to narrow down the content of the candidate while intuitively narrowing down the user's interest. You can search easily.
FIG. 14 shows the result of classifying content using user preference metadata or topic ranking metadata when “cooker A” as a content keyword is registered as a user preference keyword or topic ranking keyword. The example of the display screen to show is shown.
14 is significantly different from FIG. 12 in that the cluster of “cooker A” is arranged in the first layer together with the large category. In other words, in addition to the icons 102-1A to 102-1F representing the large category, the icon 102-11 representing the cluster of “cooker A” is displayed in the column L1. FIG. 14 shows an example in which the cluster of “cooker A” is selected in the first hierarchy.
Further, in FIG. 14, the large category and the small category that are arranged above the “cooker A” cluster in FIG. 12 are arranged under the “cooker A” cluster. That is, the icons 102-12A to 102-12D representing the large categories that belong directly below the cluster of “cooker A” are displayed in the column L2 and arranged in the vertical direction, and are selected in the column L3 in the second hierarchy. An icon 102-13A representing a small category that is directly below the large category of “Information / Wide Show” is displayed. Further, an icon 103 representing a content belonging to a cluster of “cooker A” under the small category of “gourmet / cooking” under the large category of “information / wide show” is displayed in the column L4.
This makes it easier to search for content related to “cooker A”, which is a content keyword representing a user's preference or a recent topic or trend.
In FIG. 12 to FIG. 14, an icon representing a category in which no content exists may not be displayed or may be displayed.
As described above, it is possible to easily search for desired content.
The present invention is an apparatus or system for classifying, managing, or presenting various contents, such as a computer, a television receiver, various recording / playback apparatuses, a mobile phone, and a PDA (Personal Digital Assistants). Or, it can be applied to software.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, even if content is not actually stored in the information processing apparatus 101, any content that can acquire content information can be classified. For example, content stored in other devices on the home network in the home is classified and distributed in content distribution services such as video-on-demand services using digital broadcasting and the Internet. It is possible to classify content that is scheduled to be recorded, or content that is stored in another device connected via a network such as the Internet.
Furthermore, the number of layers for classifying content is not limited to the above-described example, but may be a value other than four layers. However, considering that the user searches for content while following the hierarchy, it is considered that the third to fifth hierarchy is appropriate.
In the above description, the example in which the content to be searched and classified is a television program has been described. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, generally referred to as content, for example, a movie, Software, hardware, etc. that can be used by users such as photographs, music, etc. (moving images, still images, audio, or combinations thereof), various information, documents, products (including articles), conversations, etc. Can be searched and classified using metadata representing the content. However, in the case where the content is hardware, for example, data obtained by projecting the article onto a moving image, a still image, or the like is used as an object to be searched and classified as content data.
FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a personal computer 300 that executes the above-described series of processing by a program. A CPU (Central Processing Unit) 301 executes various processes according to a program stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) 302 or a recording unit 308. A RAM (Random Access Memory) 303 appropriately stores programs executed by the CPU 301 and data. The CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are connected to each other by a bus 304.
An input / output interface 305 is also connected to the CPU 301 via the bus 304. To the input / output interface 305, an input unit 306 including a keyboard, a mouse, and a microphone, and an output unit 307 including a display and a speaker are connected. The CPU 301 executes various processes in response to commands input from the input unit 306. Then, the CPU 301 outputs the processing result to the output unit 307.
The recording unit 308 connected to the input / output interface 305 includes, for example, a hard disk, and stores programs executed by the CPU 301 and various data. The communication unit 309 communicates with an external device via a network such as the Internet or a local area network.
A program may be acquired via the communication unit 309 and stored in the recording unit 308.
A drive 310 connected to the input / output interface 305 drives a removable medium 311 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, and drives the program or data recorded therein. Get etc. The acquired program and data are transferred to the recording unit 308 and stored as necessary.
As shown in FIG. 15, a program recording medium for storing a program that is installed in a computer and is ready to be executed by the computer includes a magnetic disk (including a flexible disk), an optical disk (CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only). Memory, DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), a magneto-optical disk, a removable medium 311 which is a package medium composed of a semiconductor memory, or the like, a ROM 302 in which a program is temporarily or permanently stored, or a recording unit 308 It is comprised by the hard disk etc. which comprise. The program is stored in the program recording medium using a wired or wireless communication medium such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting via a communication unit 309 that is an interface such as a router or a modem as necessary. Done.
It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the information processing apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is a block diagram which shows the detail of the content classification process part of FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining metadata generation processing executed by the information processing apparatus of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the example of category metadata. It is a figure which shows the example of category metadata. It is a figure which shows the example of category metadata. It is a figure which shows the example of category metadata. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the content classification process performed by the information processing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the classification result of a content. It is a figure which shows the other example of the classification result of a content. It is a figure which shows the further another example of the classification result of a content. It is a figure which shows the example of the display screen of the classification result of a content. It is a figure which shows the other example of the display screen of a content classification result. It is a figure which shows the further another example of the display screen of a content classification result. And FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a personal computer.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Information processing apparatus, 26 Content information acquisition part, 28 Content information generation part, 38 User preference metadata generation part, 40 Topic ranking metadata generation part, 42 Content classification process part, 43 Content classification result display part, 71 Category identification part , 72 Clustering unit, 73 Hierarchical structure changing unit
Identification means for identifying a category to which the content belongs from a predetermined category based on metadata representing the content content;
Clustering means for classifying the content set into clusters by performing a clustering process based on the metadata for the content set belonging to the category ;
An information processing apparatus comprising: a hierarchical structure changing unit configured to change the hierarchical structure so that a cluster reflecting a user's preference is arranged at a higher level in the hierarchical structure including the category and the cluster .
The clustering means, the information processing apparatus according to claim 1 for emphasis to clustering processing aspects of the preference of the user.
Clustering means for classifying the content set into clusters by performing a clustering process based on the metadata for the content set belonging to the category;
Hierarchical structure changing means for changing the hierarchical structure so that a cluster reflecting recent topics and trends is arranged at a higher level in the hierarchical structure composed of the categories and the clusters.
The clustering means, the information processing apparatus according to claim 3 for clustering process with an emphasis on the viewpoint of the recent topics and trends.
Using the hierarchical structure, the information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 grouped by the category and the cluster further comprises a presentation control means for presenting the content.
Category metadata generating means for generating category metadata indicating a relationship between a keyword extracted from the metadata of a plurality of contents and used to identify a category to which the content belongs, and the category,
The information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the identification unit identifies the cluster to which the content belongs based on a keyword included in the metadata and the category metadata.
Based on the metadata representing the content content, the category to which the content belongs is identified from a predetermined category,
By performing a clustering process based on the metadata for the set of contents belonging to the category, the set of contents is classified into clusters ,
An information processing method including a step of changing the hierarchical structure so that a cluster reflecting a user's preference is arranged higher in the hierarchical structure including the category and the cluster .
The categories and the hierarchical structure consisting of the clusters, the program for executing a process including a step of changing the hierarchical structure so as to place the cluster that reflects the preference of the user at a higher level.
By performing a clustering process based on the metadata for the set of contents belonging to the category, the set of contents is classified into clusters,
In the hierarchical structure composed of the category and the cluster, the hierarchical structure is changed so that clusters reflecting recent topics and trends are arranged at the upper level.
A program for executing processing including steps.
JP2006246877A 2006-09-12 2006-09-12 Information processing apparatus and method, and program Expired - Fee Related JP4910582B2 (en)
JP2006246877A JP4910582B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2006-09-12 Information processing apparatus and method, and program
US11/900,165 US7769760B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2007-09-10 Information processing apparatus, method and program thereof
JP2008070959A JP2008070959A (en) 2008-03-27
JP2008070959A5 JP2008070959A5 (en) 2009-10-22
JP4910582B2 true JP4910582B2 (en) 2012-04-04
JP2006246877A Expired - Fee Related JP4910582B2 (en) 2006-09-12 2006-09-12 Information processing apparatus and method, and program
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2006-09-12 JP JP2006246877A patent/JP4910582B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20080065659A1 (en) 2008-03-13
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US7769760B2 (en) 2010-08-03