Source: https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title21/chapter12&edition=prelim
Timestamp: 2020-02-27 00:06:45
Document Index: 170902694

Matched Legal Cases: ['§401', '§1', '§1', '§3', '§6', '§6', '§1', '§403', '§11016', '§4', '§11016', '§618', '§626', '§101', '§641', '§201', '§14', '§643', '§203', '§14', '§644', '§204', '§14', '§645', '§205', '§14', '§661', '§301', '§15', '§1', '§8', '§672', '§402', '§16', '§673', '§403', '§16', '§1', '§674', '§404', '§16', '§675', '§405', '§16', '§676', '§406', '§16', '§403', '§403', '§403', '§403', '§677', '§407', '§16', '§410', '§918', '§2281', '§451', '§10808', '§332', '§680', '§411', '§410', '§16', '§411', '§918', '§501', '§11015', '§4', '§11015', '§691', '§17', '§8', '§692', '§693', '§694', '§2', '§10703']

[USC02] 21 USC Ch. 12: MEAT INSPECTION
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21 USC Ch. 12: MEAT INSPECTION
Post mortem examination of carcasses and marking or labeling; destruction of carcasses condemned; reinspection.
Examination of carcasses brought into slaughtering or packing establishments, and of meat food products issued from and returned thereto; conditions for entry.
Inspection and labeling of meat food products.
Labeling, marking, and container requirements.
Sanitary inspection and regulation of slaughtering and packing establishments; rejection of adulterated meat or meat food products.
Examination of animals and food products thereof, slaughtered and prepared during nighttime.
Devices, marks, labels, and certificates; simulations.
Plans and reassessments.
Inspection of carcasses, meat of which is intended for export.
Inspectors of carcasses, etc., meat of which is intended for export; certificates of condition.
Clearance prohibited to vessel carrying meat for export without inspector's certificate.
Delivery of inspectors' certificates, and of copies.
Marking, labeling, or other identification to show kinds of animals from which derived; separate establishments for preparation and slaughtering activities.
Inspectors to make examinations provided for; appointment; duties; regulations.
Bribery of or gifts to inspectors or other officers and acceptance of gifts.
Exemptions from inspection requirements.
Storage and handling regulations; violations; exemption of establishments subject to non-Federal jurisdiction.
Inapplicability of certain requirements to catfish.
Prohibition of subchapter I inspection of articles not intended for use as human food; denaturation or other identification prior to distribution in commerce; inedible articles.
Registration of business, name of person, and trade names.
Regulation of transactions, transportation, or importation of 4–D animals to prevent use as human food.
Federal provisions applicable to State or Territorial business transactions of a local nature and not subject to local authority.
Inspection services; refusal or withdrawal; hearing; business unfitness based upon certain convictions; other provisions for withdrawal of services unaffected; responsible connection with business; finality of Secretary's actions; judicial review; record.
Administrative detention; duration; pending judicial proceedings; notification of governmental authorities; release.
Seizure and condemnation.
Federal court jurisdiction of enforcement and injunction proceedings and other kinds of cases; limitations of section 607(e) of this title.
Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain persons; murder; protection of such persons.
Other Federal laws applicable for administration and enforcement of chapter; location of inquiries; jurisdiction of Federal courts.
Non-Federal jurisdiction of federally regulated matters; prohibition of additional or different requirements for establishments with inspection services and as to marking, labeling, packaging, and ingredients; recordkeeping and related requirements; concurrent jurisdiction over distribution for human food purposes of adulterated or misbranded and imported articles; other matters.
Application of Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
679a.
Safe Meat and Poultry Inspection Panel.
679b.
Pasteurization of meat and poultry.
679c.
Expansion of Food Safety Inspection Service activities.
Interstate shipment of meat inspected by Federal and State agencies for certain small establishments.
Inspection extended to reindeer.
Inspection of dairy products for export.
Payment of cost of meat-inspection service; exception.
Pub. L. 99–641, title IV, §401, Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3567, provided that: "This title [amending sections 606, 609, 621, 671, and 676 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 606, 609, 621, 671, and 676 of this title] may be cited as the 'Processed Products Inspection Improvement Act of 1986'."
Pub. L. 95–445, §1, Oct. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 1069, provided: "That this Act [amending sections 603, 610, and 620 of this title and sections 1902 and 1904 of Title 7, Agriculture, repealing sections 1903 and 1905 of Title 7, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 603 of this title] may be cited as the 'Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978'."
Pub. L. 90–201, §1, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 584, provided in part: "That this Act [enacting this section and sections 602, 624, 641 to 645, 661, 671 to 680, and 691 of this title, amending sections 603 to 623 of this title, repealing section 96 of this title and section 1306(b) of Title 19, Customs Duties, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the 'Wholesome Meat Act'."
1967—Pub. L. 90–201, §§3, 4, 12(a)–(d), struck out "interstate or foreign" before "commerce" and "of Agriculture" after "Secretary" in three places; struck out "for human consumption" before "at any slaughtering" and "for transportation or sale" after "District of Columbia" and inserted "which are capable of use as human food" after "commerce"; included horses, mules, and other equines in the list of animals; substituted "adulterated" for "unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or otherwise unfit for human food" after " 'Inspected and condemned,' all carcasses and parts thereof of animals found to be" and before ", it shall be destroyed"; substituted "not adulterated" for "sound, healthful, wholesome, and fit for human food"; and substituted "adulterated" for "unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or in any way unfit for human food" before "and if any carcass", respectively.
A prior section 606, acts Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title I, §6, formerly 4th par., 34 Stat. 1261; renumbered §6 and amended Pub. L. 90–201, §§1, 3, 12(e), Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 584, 588, 592; Pub. L. 99–641, title IV, §403(a), Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3567, was formerly classified to section 74 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 110–234, title XI, §11016(b)(1)(B), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1369, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XI, §11016(b)(1)(B), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2131. Prior to repeal, section read as follows: "For the purposes hereinbefore set forth the Secretary shall cause to be made, by inspectors appointed for that purpose, an examination and inspection of all meat food products prepared for commerce in any slaughtering, meat-canning, salting, packing, rendering, or similar establishment, and for the purposes of any examination and inspection and inspectors shall have access at all times, by day or night, whether the establishment be operated or not, to every part of said establishment; and said inspectors shall mark, stamp, tag, or label as 'Inspected and passed' all such products found to be not adulterated; and said inspectors shall label, mark, stamp, or tag as 'Inspected and condemned' all such products found adulterated, and all such condemned meat food products shall be destroyed for food purposes, as hereinbefore provided, and the Secretary may remove inspectors from any establishment which fails to so destroy such condemned meat food products: Provided, That subject to the rules and regulations of the Secretary the provisions of this section in regard to preservatives shall not apply to meat food products for export to any foreign country and which are prepared or packed according to the specifications or directions of the foreign purchaser, when no substance is used in the preparation or packing thereof in conflict with the laws of the foreign country to which said article is to be exported; but if said article shall be in fact sold or offered for sale for domestic use or consumption then this proviso shall not exempt said article from the operation of all the other provisions of this chapter."
§618. Delivery of inspectors' certificates, and of copies
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–465 effective, except as otherwise provided, on the date of entry into force of the World Trade Organization Agreement with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), see section 451 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3601 of Title 19, Customs Duties.
§626. Purchase of tags, labels, stamps, and certificates
The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to expend appropriations for meat inspection for the purchase of printed tags, labels, stamps, and certificates without regard to existing laws applicable to public printing.
(Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412, title I, §101(f), 58 Stat. 734.)
Section was formerly classified to section 431 of Title 7, Agriculture, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
Section was enacted as part of the Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944, and not as part of the Federal Meat Inspection Act which is classified to subchapters I to IV–A of this chapter.
Authorization of Appropriation
Authorization of appropriation of sums necessary for the purposes of this section, see note under section 395 of Title 7, Agriculture.
§641. Prohibition of subchapter I inspection of articles not intended for use as human food; denaturation or other identification prior to distribution in commerce; inedible articles
Inspection shall not be provided under subchapter I of this chapter at any establishment for the slaughter of cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, or other equines, or the preparation of any carcasses or parts or products of such animals, which are not intended for use as human food, but such articles shall, prior to their offer for sale or transportation in commerce, unless naturally inedible by humans, be denatured or otherwise identified as prescribed by regulations of the Secretary to deter their use for human food. No person, firm, or corporation shall buy, sell, transport, or offer for sale or transportation, or receive for transportation, in commerce, or import, any carcasses, parts thereof, meat or meat food products of any such animals, which are not intended for use as human food unless they are denatured or otherwise identified as required by the regulations of the Secretary or are naturally inedible by humans.
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title II, §201, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §14, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 593.)
§643. Registration of business, name of person, and trade names
No person, firm, or corporation shall engage in business, in or for commerce, as a meat broker, renderer, or animal food manufacturer, or engage in business in commerce as a wholesaler of any carcasses, or parts or products of the carcasses, of any cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, or other equines, whether intended for human food or other purposes, or engage in business as a public warehouseman storing any such articles in or for commerce, or engage in the business of buying, selling, or transporting in commerce, or importing, any dead, dying, disabled, or diseased animals of the specified kinds, or parts of the carcasses of any such animals that died otherwise than by slaughter, unless, when required by regulations of the Secretary, he has registered with the Secretary his name, and the address of each place of business at which, and all trade names under which, he conducts such business.
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title II, §203, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §14, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 594.)
§644. Regulation of transactions, transportation, or importation of 4–D animals to prevent use as human food
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title II, §204, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §14, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 594.)
§645. Federal provisions applicable to State or Territorial business transactions of a local nature and not subject to local authority
The authority conferred on the Secretary by section 642, 643, or 644 of this title with respect to persons, firms, and corporations engaged in the specified kinds of business in or for commerce may be exercised with respect to persons, firms, or corporations engaged, in any State or organized Territory, in such kinds of business but not in or for commerce, whenever the Secretary determines, after consultation with an appropriate advisory committee provided for in section 661 of this title, that the State or territory does not have at least equal authority under its laws or such authority is not exercised in a manner to effectuate the purposes of this chapter including the State providing for the Secretary or his representative being afforded access to such places of business and the facilities, inventories, and records thereof, and the taking of reasonable samples, where he determines necessary in carrying out his responsibilities under this chapter; and in such case the provisions of section 642, 643, or 644 of this title, respectively, shall apply to such persons, firms, and corporations to the same extent and in the same manner as if they were engaged in such business in or for commerce and the transactions involved were in commerce.
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title II, §205, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §14, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 594.)
§661. Federal and State cooperation
It is the policy of the Congress to protect the consuming public from meat and meat food products that are adulterated or misbranded and to assist in efforts by State and other Government agencies to accomplish this objective. In furtherance of this policy—
Whenever the Secretary determines that any State designated under this paragraph (c) has developed and will enforce State meat inspection requirements at least equal to those imposed under subchapters I and IV, with respect to the operations and transactions within such State which are regulated under paragraph (1), he shall terminate the designation of such State under this paragraph (c), but this shall not preclude the subsequent redesignation of the State at any time upon thirty days notice to the Governor and publication in the Federal Register in accordance with this paragraph, and any State may be designated upon such notice and publication at any time after the period specified in this paragraph whether or not the State has theretofore been designated upon the Secretary determining that it is not effectively enforcing requirements at least equal to those imposed under subchapters I and IV.
The Secretary shall promptly upon December 15, 1967, and periodically thereafter, but at least annually, review the requirements, including the enforcement thereof, of the several States not designated under this paragraph (c), with respect to the slaughter, and the preparation, storage, handling and distribution of carcasses, parts thereof, meat and meat food products, of such animals, and inspection of such operations and annually report thereon to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate in the report required under section 691 1 of this title.
As used in this section, the term "State" means any State (including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico) or organized Territory.
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title III §301, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §15, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 595; amended Pub. L. 98–487, §1, Oct. 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 2264; Pub. L. 103–437, §8(2), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588.)
In subsec. (c)(1), (4), "December 15, 1967" substituted for "enactment of the Wholesome Meat Act".
1994—Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 103–437 substituted "Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry" for "Agriculture and Forestry".
§672. Administrative detention; duration; pending judicial proceedings; notification of governmental authorities; release
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §402, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 598.)
§673. Seizure and condemnation
(5)(A) An article that is condemned under paragraph (1) may as the court may direct, after entry of the decree, be distributed without charge to nonprofit, private entities or to Federal, State, or local government entities engaged in the distribution of food without charge to individuals, if such article—
(i) has been inspected under this chapter and found to be wholesome and not to be adulterated within the meaning of paragraphs (1) through (7) and (9) of section 601(m) of this title and a determination is made at the time of the entry of the decree that such article is wholesome and not so adulterated; and
(ii) is plainly marked "Not for Sale" on such article or its container.
(B) The United States may not be held legally responsible for any article that is distributed under subparagraph (A) to a nonprofit, private entity or to a Federal, State, or local government entity, if such article—
(i) was found after inspection under this chapter to be wholesome and not adulterated within the meaning of paragraphs (1) through (7) and (9) of section 601(m) of this title and a determination was made at the time of the entry of the decree that such article was wholesome and not so adulterated; and
(ii) was plainly marked "Not for Sale" on such article or its container.
(C) The person from whom such article was seized and condemned may not be held legally responsible for such article, if such article—
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §403, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 598; amended Pub. L. 101–205, §1, Dec. 7, 1989, 103 Stat. 1829.)
1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–205 designated first sentence as par. (1) and redesignated cls. (1) to (3) as cls. (A) to (C), respectively, designated second sentence as par. (2) and inserted "(A) to be distributed in accordance with paragraph (5), or (B)" after "entry of the decree,", designated third and fourth sentences as pars. (3) and (4), respectively, and added par. (5).
§674. Federal court jurisdiction of enforcement and injunction proceedings and other kinds of cases; limitations of section 607(e) of this title
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §404, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 599.)
§675. Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain persons; murder; protection of such persons
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §405, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 599.)
§676. Violations
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §406, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 599; amended Pub. L. 99–641, title IV, §403(c), Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3570.)
1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–641, §403(c)(1), temporarily inserted provisions which related to factors required to be considered by Secretary in determining whether public interest is served by written notice of warning. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99–641, §403(c)(2), temporarily added subsec. (c). See Effective and Termination Dates of 1986 Amendment note below.
Pub. L. 99–641, title IV, §403(c), Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3570, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective only during the 6-year period beginning Nov. 10, 1986.
§677. Other Federal laws applicable for administration and enforcement of chapter; location of inquiries; jurisdiction of Federal courts
For the efficient administration and enforcement of this chapter, the provisions (including penalties) of sections 46, 48, 49 and 50 of title 15 (except paragraphs (c) through (h) of section 46 and the last paragraph of section 49 1 of title 15), and the provisions of section 409(l) 1 of title 47; are made applicable to the jurisdiction, powers, and duties of the Secretary in administering and enforcing the provisions of this chapter and to any person, firm, or corporation with respect to whom such authority is exercised. The Secretary, in person or by such agents as he may designate, may prosecute any inquiry necessary to his duties under this chapter in any part of the United States, and the powers conferred by said sections 49 and 50 of title 15 on the district courts of the United States may be exercised for the purposes of this chapter by any court designated in section 674 of this title.
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §407, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 599.)
There is established in the Department of Agriculture a permanent advisory panel to be known as the "Safe Meat and Poultry Inspection Panel" (referred to in this section as the "panel").
(1) Review and evaluation
The panel shall review and evaluate, as the panel considers necessary, the adequacy, necessity, safety, cost-effectiveness, and scientific merit of—
(A) inspection procedures of, and work rules and worker relations involving Federal employees employed in, plants inspected under this chapter;
(B) informal petitions or proposals for changes in inspection procedures, processes, and techniques of plants inspected under this chapter;
(C) formal changes in meat inspection regulations promulgated under this chapter, whether in notice, proposed, or final form; and
(D) such other matters as may be referred to the panel by the Secretary regarding the quality or effectiveness of a safe and cost-effective meat inspection system under this chapter.
The panel shall submit to the Secretary a report on the results of each review and evaluation carried out under paragraph (1), including such recommendations as the panel considers appropriate.
(B) Reports on formal changes
In the case of a report concerning a formal change in meat inspection regulations, the report shall be made within the time limits prescribed for formal comments on such changes.
Each report of the panel to the Secretary shall be published in the Federal Register.
Not later than 90 days after the publication of a panel report under subsection (b)(2)(C), the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register any response required of the Secretary to the report.
The panel shall be composed of 7 members, not fewer than 5 of whom shall be from the food science, meat science, or poultry science profession, appointed to staggered terms not to exceed 3 years by the Secretary from nominations received from the National Institutes of Health and the Federation of American Societies of Food Animal Science and based on the professional qualifications of the nominees.
(1) Initial panel
In constituting the initial panel, the Secretary shall solicit 6 nominees from the National Institutes of Health and 6 nominees from the Federation of American Societies of Food Animal Science for membership on the panel.
Any subsequent vacancy on the panel shall be filled by the Secretary after soliciting 2 nominees from the National Institutes of Health and 2 nominees from the Federation of American Societies of Food Animal Science.
(3) Requirements for nominees
Each nominee provided under paragraph (1) or (2) shall have a background in public health issues and a scientific expertise in food, meat, or poultry science or in veterinary science.
The Secretary may require nominees to submit such information as the Secretary considers necessary prior to completing the selection process.
(4) Additional nominees
If any list of nominees provided under paragraph (1) or (2) is unsatisfactory to the Secretary, the Secretary may request the nominating entities to submit an additional list of nominees.
While away from the home or regular place of business of a member of the panel in the performance of services for the panel, the member shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at the same rate as a person employed intermittently in the Government service would be allowed under section 5703 of title 5.
The Secretary shall promulgate regulations regarding conflicts of interest with respect to the members of the panel.
The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) and title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to the panel.
From funds available to the Secretary to carry out this chapter and the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 451 et seq.), the Secretary shall allocate such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §410, as added Pub. L. 104–127, title IX, §918(a)(1)(B), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1188.)
The Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, referred to in subsec. (h), is Pub. L. 95–113, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 913, as amended. Title XVIII of the Act is classified generally to chapter 55A (§2281 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of Title 7 and Tables.
The Poultry Products Inspection Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is Pub. L. 85–172, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 441, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 10 (§451 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 451 of this title and Tables.
A prior section 410 of act Mar. 4, 1907, was renumbered section 411, and is classified to section 680 of this title.
For prohibition of use of funds appropriated by div. A of Pub. L. 113–235 or any other Act to carry out this section, see section 741 Pub. L. 113–235, set out as a note under section 471 of this title.
Effective beginning not later than 30 days after May 13, 2002, the Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct an education program regarding the availability and safety of processes and treatments that eliminate or substantially reduce the level of pathogens on meat, meat food products, poultry, and poultry products.
There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10808(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 530.)
Section was enacted as part of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, and not as part of the Federal Meat Inspection Act which is classified to subchapters I to IV–A of this chapter.
The Secretary of Agriculture may utilize existing authorities to give high priority to enhancing and expanding the capacity of the Food Safety Inspection Service to conduct activities to—
(1) enhance the ability of the Service to inspect and ensure the safety and wholesomeness of meat and poultry products;
(2) improve the capacity of the Service to inspect international meat and meat products, poultry and poultry products, and egg products at points of origin and at ports of entry;
(3) strengthen the ability of the Service to collaborate with relevant agencies within the Department of Agriculture and with other entities in the Federal Government, the States, and Indian tribes (as defined in section 5304(e) of title 25) through the sharing of information and technology; and
(4) otherwise expand the capacity of the Service to protect against the threat of bioterrorism.
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2002, and such sums as may be necessary for each subsequent fiscal year.
(Pub. L. 107–188, title III, §332, June 12, 2002, 116 Stat. 679.)
Section was enacted as part of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, and not as part of the Federal Meat Inspection Act which is classified to subchapters I to IV–A of this chapter.
§680. Authorization of appropriations
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title IV, §411, formerly §410, as added Pub. L. 90–201, §16, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 600; renumbered §411, Pub. L. 104–127, title IX, §918(a)(1)(A), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1188.)
(1) Appropriate State agency
The term "appropriate State agency" means a State agency described in section 661(b) of this title.
(2) Designated personnel
The term "designated personnel" means inspection personnel of a State agency that have undergone all necessary inspection training and certification to assist the Secretary in the administration and enforcement of this chapter, including rules and regulations issued under this chapter.
(3) Eligible establishment
The term "eligible establishment" means an establishment that is in compliance with—
(A) the State inspection program of the State in which the establishment is located; and
(B) this chapter, including rules and regulations issued under this chapter.
(4) Meat item
The term "meat item" means—
(A) a portion of meat; and
(B) a meat food product.
(5) Selected establishment
The term "selected establishment" means an eligible establishment that is selected by the Secretary, in coordination with the appropriate State agency of the State in which the eligible establishment is located, under subsection (b) to ship carcasses, portions of carcasses, and meat items in interstate commerce.
Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary, in coordination with the appropriate State agency of the State in which an establishment is located, may select the establishment to ship carcasses, portions of carcasses, and meat items in interstate commerce, and place on each carcass, portion of a carcass, and meat item shipped in interstate commerce a Federal mark, stamp, tag, or label of inspection, if—
(A) the carcass, portion of carcass, or meat item qualifies for the mark, stamp, tag, or label of inspection under the requirements of this chapter;
(B) the establishment is an eligible establishment; and
(C) inspection services for the establishment are provided by designated personnel.
(2) Prohibited establishments
In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary, in coordination with an appropriate State agency, shall not select an establishment that—
(A) on average, employs more than 25 employees (including supervisory and nonsupervisory employees), as defined by the Secretary;
(B) as of the date of the enactment of this section, ships in interstate commerce carcasses, portions of carcasses, or meat items that are inspected by the Secretary in accordance with this chapter;
(C)(i) is a Federal establishment;
(ii) was a Federal establishment that was reorganized on a later date under the same name or a different name or person by the person, firm, or corporation that controlled the establishment as of the date of the enactment of this section; or
(iii) was a State establishment as of the date of the enactment of this section that—
(I) as of the date of the enactment of this section, employed more than 25 employees; and
(II) was reorganized on a later date by the person, firm, or corporation that controlled the establishment as of the date of the enactment of this section;
(D) is in violation of this chapter;
(E) is located in a State that does not have a State inspection program; or
(F) is the subject of a transition carried out in accordance with a procedure developed by the Secretary under paragraph (3)(A).
(3) Establishments that employ more than 25 employees
(A) Development of procedure
The Secretary may develop a procedure to transition to a Federal establishment any establishment under this section that, on average, consistently employs more than 25 employees.
(B) Eligibility of certain establishments
A State establishment shall be subject to the procedures established under subparagraph (A) beginning on the date that is 3 years after the effective date described in subsection (j).
The Secretary shall reimburse a State for costs related to the inspection of selected establishments in the State in accordance with Federal requirements in an amount of not less than 60 percent of eligible State costs.
The Secretary shall designate an employee of the Federal Government as State coordinator for each appropriate State agency—
(A) to provide oversight and enforcement of this subchapter; and
(B) to oversee the training and inspection activities of designated personnel of the State agency.
(2) Supervision
A State coordinator shall be under the direct supervision of the Secretary.
(3) Duties of State coordinator
A State coordinator shall visit selected establishments with a frequency that is appropriate to ensure that selected establishments are operating in a manner that is consistent with this chapter (including regulations and policies under this chapter).
A State coordinator shall, on a quarterly basis, submit to the Secretary a report that describes the status of each selected establishment that is under the jurisdiction of the State coordinator with respect to the level of compliance of each selected establishment with the requirements of this chapter.
(C) Immediate notification requirement
If a State coordinator determines that any selected establishment that is under the jurisdiction of the State coordinator is in violation of any requirement of this chapter, the State coordinator shall—
(i) immediately notify the Secretary of the violation; and
(ii) deselect the selected establishment or suspend inspection at the selected establishment.
(4) Performance evaluations
Performance evaluations of State coordinators designated under this subsection shall be conducted by the Secretary as part of the Federal agency management control system.
(1) Periodic audits conducted by Inspector General of the Department of Agriculture
Not later than 2 years after the effective date described in subsection (j), and not less often than every 3 years thereafter, the Inspector General of the Department of Agriculture shall conduct an audit of each activity taken by the Secretary under this section for the period covered by the audit to determine compliance with this section.
(2) Audit conducted by Comptroller General of the United States
Not earlier than 3 years, nor later than 5 years, after the date of the enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an audit of the implementation of this section to determine—
(A) the effectiveness of the implementation of this section; and
(B) the number of selected establishments selected by the Secretary to ship carcasses, portions of carcasses, or meat items under this section.
Not later than 180 days after the effective date described in subsection (j), the Secretary shall establish in the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the Department of Agriculture a technical assistance division to coordinate the initiatives of any other appropriate agency of the Department of Agriculture to provide—
(A) outreach, education, and training to very small or certain small establishments (as defined by the Secretary); and
(B) grants to appropriate State agencies to provide outreach, technical assistance, education, and training to very small or certain small establishments (as defined by the Secretary).
The technical assistance division shall be comprised of individuals that, as determined by the Secretary—
(A) are of a quantity sufficient to carry out the duties of the technical assistance division; and
(B) possess appropriate qualifications and expertise relating to the duties of the technical assistance division.
The Secretary may provide grants to appropriate State agencies to assist the appropriate State agencies in helping establishments covered by subchapter III to transition to selected establishments.
Any selected establishment that the Secretary determines to be in violation of any requirement of this chapter shall be transitioned to a Federal establishment in accordance with a procedure developed by the Secretary under subsection (b)(3)(A).
Nothing in this section limits the jurisdiction of the Secretary with respect to the regulation of meat and meat products under this chapter.
This section takes effect on the date on which the Secretary, after providing a period of public comment (including through the conduct of public meetings or hearings), promulgates final regulations to carry out this section.
Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall promulgate final regulations in accordance with paragraph (1).
(Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, title V, §501, as added Pub. L. 110–234, title XI, §11015(a), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1362, and Pub. L. 110–246, §4(a), title XI, §11015(a), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2124.)
The date of the enactment of this section, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2)(B), (C)(ii), (iii), (3)(B)(i), (e)(2), and (j)(2), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–246, which was approved June 18, 2008.
Final regulations to carry out this section, referred to in subsec. (j)(1), were published in the Federal Register on May 2, 2011, eff. July 1, 2011; see 76 F.R. 24752.
§691. Omitted
Section, Pub. L. 90–201, §17, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 600; Pub. L. 103–437, §8(3), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4588, which required the Secretary of Agriculture to report annually to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate on the slaughter of animals and the processing and distribution of carcasses and products, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 46 of House Document No. 103–7.
§692. Inspection extended to reindeer
The provisions of the meat-inspection law may be extended to the inspection of reindeer.
(June 30, 1914, ch. 131, 38 Stat. 420.)
Section was enacted as part of the appropriation act cited as the credit to this section and not as part of the Federal Meat Inspection Act which is classified to subchapters I to IV–A of this chapter.
Section was formerly classified to section 94 of this title.
§693. Inspection of dairy products for export
§694. Authorization of appropriations
(June 30, 1906, ch. 3913, 34 Stat. 679; June 26, 1934, ch. 756, §2, 48 Stat. 1225.)
Section 2 of act June 26, 1934, which was classified to section 725a of former Title 31, Money and Finance, repealed the permanent appropriation under the title "Meat inspection, Bureau of Animal Industry (fiscal year) (3–114)" effective July 1, 1935, provided that such portions of any Acts as make permanent appropriations to be expended under such account are amended so as to authorize, in lieu thereof, annual appropriations from the general fund of the Treasury in identical terms and in such amounts as now provided by the laws providing such permanent appropriations, and authorized, in addition thereto, the appropriation of "such other sums as may be necessary in the enforcement of the meat inspection laws." In the original, the parenthetical "(U.S.C., title 21, secs. 71 to 96, inclusive)" followed the phrase "meat inspection laws". The "meat inspection laws" are classified generally to this chapter.
The cost of inspection rendered on and after July 1, 1948, under the requirements of laws relating to Federal inspection of meat and meat food products shall be borne by the United States except the cost of overtime and holiday pay paid pursuant to section 2219a of title 7.
(June 5, 1948, ch. 423, 62 Stat. 344; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10703(c)(2), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 517.)
Section 2219a of title 7, referred to in text, was in the original "section 10703 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002", meaning section 10703 of Pub. L. 107–171, which enacted section 2219a of Title 7, Agriculture, amended this section, section 468 of this title, and section 5549 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and repealed section 394 of Title 7.
Section was formerly classified to section 98 of this title.
2002—Pub. L. 107–171 substituted "overtime and holiday pay paid pursuant to section 2219a of title 7." for "overtime pursuant to section 394 of title 7."