Source: http://dccode.elaws.us/code?no=31-4701
Timestamp: 2019-12-14 14:15:26
Document Index: 630974555

Matched Legal Cases: ['§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 1', '§ 2', '§ 3', '§ 10', '§ 35', '§ 35', '§ 31', '§ 31', '§ 31']

§ 31-4701. Valuation of reserves by Commissioner.
(a)(1) The Commissioner shall annually value, or cause to be valued, the reserve liabilities (hereinafter called reserves) for all outstanding life insurance policies and annuity and pure endowment contracts of every life insurance company doing business in the District, except that in the case of an alien company such valuation shall be limited to its insurance transactions in the United States, and may certify the amount of any such reserves, specifying the mortality table or tables, rate or rates of interest and methods (net level premium method or other) used in the calculation of such reserves. All such valuations made by him or by his authority shall be made upon the net premium basis. In calculating such reserves, he may use group methods and approximate averages for fractions of a year or otherwise. In lieu of the valuation of the reserves herein required of any foreign or alien company, he may accept any valuation made, or caused to be made, by the insurance supervisory official of any state or other jurisdiction when such valuation complies with the minimum standard herein provided and if the official of such state or jurisdiction accepts as sufficient and valid for all legal purposes the certificate of valuation of the Commissioner when such certificate states the valuation to have been made in a specified manner according to which the aggregate reserves would be at least as large as if they had been computed in the manner prescribed by the law of that state or jurisdiction.
(2) Any such company which at any time shall have adopted any standard of valuation producing greater aggregate reserves than those calculated according to a minimum standard herein provided may, with the approval of the Commissioner, adopt any lower standard of valuation, but not lower than the minimum herein provided.
(b)(1) This subsection shall apply to only those policies and contracts issued prior to the operative date of § 31-4705.02 (the standard nonforfeiture law).
(2) The legal minimum standard for the valuation of life insurance contracts issued before January 1, 1935, shall be the method and basis of valuation heretofore applied by the Commissioner in the valuation of such contracts, and for life insurance contracts issued on and after said date shall be the 1-year preliminary term method of valuation, except as hereinafter modified, on the basis of the American Experience Table of Mortality with interest at 3 1/2% per annum; provided, that any life company may, at its option, value its insurance contracts issued on and after January 1, 1935, in accordance with their terms on the basis of the American Men Ultimate Table of Mortality with interest not higher than 3 1/2% per annum by the level net premium method or by the modified preliminary term method hereinafter described.
(3) If the premium charged for term insurance under a limited payment life preliminary term policy providing for the payment of all premiums thereon in less than 20 years from date of the policy, or under an endowment preliminary term policy, exceeds that charged for like insurance under 20-payment life preliminary term policies of the same company, the reserve thereon at the end of the year, including the 1st, shall not be less than the reserve on a 20- payment life preliminary term policy issued in the same year and at the same age, together with an amount which shall be equivalent to the accumulation of a net level premium sufficient to provide for a pure endowment at the end of the premium payment period, equal to the difference between the value at the end of such period of such a 20-payment life preliminary term policy and the full net level premium reserve at such time of such a limited payment life or endowment policy. The premium payment period is the period during which premiums are concurrently payable under such 20-payment life preliminary term policy and such limited payment life or endowment policy.
(4) Policies issued on the preliminary term method shall contain a clause specifying that the reserve thereof shall be computed in accordance with modified preliminary term method of valuation provided for herein.
(5) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (3) of subsection (c) of this section for group annuity and pure endowment contracts, the legal minimum standard for the valuation of annuities issued on and after January 1, 1935, shall be McClintock's Table of Mortality Among Annuitants, with interest at 4% per annum, but annuities deferred 10 or more years and written in connection with life insurance shall be valued on the same basis as that used in computing the consideration or premium therefor, or upon any higher standard at the option of the company.
(6) The legal minimum standard for the valuation of industrial policies issued after January 1, 1935, shall be the American Experience Table of Mortality with interest at 3 1/2% per annum; provided, that any life company may voluntarily value its industrial policies on the basis of the standard industrial mortality table or the substandard industrial mortality table by the level net premium method or in accordance with their terms by the modified preliminary term method hereinbefore described.
(7) The Commissioner may vary the standards of interest and mortality in the case of alien companies as to contracts issued by such companies in countries other than the United States, and in particular cases of invalid lives and other extra hazards.
(8) Reserves for all such policies and contracts may be calculated, at the option of the company, according to any standards which produce greater aggregate reserves for all such policies and contracts than the minimum reserves required by this subsection.
(c)(1) This subsection shall apply to only those policies and contracts issued on or after the operative date of § 31-4705.02 (the standard nonforfeiture law) except as otherwise provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection for group annuity and pure endowment contracts issued prior to such operative date.
(2) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection and subsection (d) of this section, the minimum standard for the valuation of all such policies and contracts shall be the Mayor's reserve valuation methods defined in paragraphs (4) and (5) of this subsection and in § 31-4720, 3 1/2% interest per annum, or in the case of policies and contracts, other than annuity and pure endowment contracts, issued on or after the October 13, 1978, 4 1/2% interest per annum, and the following tables:
(A) For all ordinary policies of life insurance issued on the standard basis, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such policies, the Commissioners 1941 Standard Ordinary Mortality Table for such policies issued prior to the operative date of paragraph (5) of § 31-4705.02(d), and the Commissioners 1958 Standard Ordinary Mortality Table for category of the policies issued on or after the operative date of the 5th paragraph in § 31- 4705.02(d) and before the operative date for the category of policies described in § 31-4705.02(e); provided that for any category of such policies issued on female risks all modified net premiums and present values referred to in this section may be calculated according to an age not more than 6 years younger than the actual age of the insured and for any category of the policies issued on or after the operative date for the category described in § 31- 4705.02(e), the Commissioners 1980 Standard Ordinary Mortality Table, or at the election of the company for any 1 or more specified plans of life insurance, the Commissioners 1980 Standard Ordinary Mortality Table with Ten-Year Select Mortality Factors or any ordinary mortality table adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standard for valuing the policies;
(B) For all industrial life insurance policies issued on the standard basis, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such policies, the 1941 Standard Industrial Mortality Table for such policies issued prior to the operative date of paragraph (6) of subsection (d) of § 31-4705.02, and for such policies issued on or after such operative date; provided, that for any category of such policies issued on female risks and evaluated by either the 1941 Standard Industrial Mortality Table or the Commissioners 1961 Standard Industrial Mortality Table, all modified net premiums and present values referred to in this section may be calculated according to an age not more than 6 years younger than the actual age of the insured, the Commissioners 1961 Standard Industrial Mortality Table or any industrial mortality table adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standard for valuing the policies;
(C) For individual annuity and pure endowment contracts, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such policies, the 1937 Standard Annuity Mortality Table or, at the option of the company, the Annuity Mortality Table for 1949, Ultimate, or any modification of either of these Tables approved by the Commissioner;
(D) For group annuity and pure endowment contracts, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such policies, the Group Annuity Mortality Table for 1951, any modification of such Table approved by the Commissioner, or, at the option of the company, any of the tables or modifications of tables specified for individual annuity and pure endowment contracts;
(E) For total and permanent disability benefits in or supplementary to ordinary policies or contracts, for policies or contracts issued on or after January 1, 1966, the tables of period 2 disablement rates and the 1930 to 1950 termination rates of the 1952 Disability Study of the Society of Actuaries, with due regard to the type of benefit, or any tables of disablement rates and termination rates adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standard for valuing the policies; for policies or contracts issued on or after January 1, 1961, and prior to January 1, 1966, either such tables or, at the option of the company, the Class (3) Disability Table (1926); and for policies issued prior to January 1, 1961, the Class (3) Disability Table (1926). Any such table shall, for active lives, be combined with a mortality table permitted for calculating the reserves for life insurance policies;
(F) For accidental death benefits in or supplementary to policies, for policies issued on or after January 1, 1966, the 1959 Accidental Death Benefits Table or any accidental death benefits table adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standards for valuing the policies; for policies issued on or after January 1, 1961, and prior to January 1, 1966, either such table or, at the option of the company, the Intercompany Double Indemnity Mortality Table; and for policies issued prior to January 1, 1961, the Intercompany Double Indemnity Mortality Table. Either table shall be combined with a mortality table permitted for calculating the reserves for life insurance policies; or
(3)(A) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, the minimum standard for the valuation of all individual annuity and pure endowment contracts issued on or after the operative date of this paragraph and for all annuities and pure endowments purchased on or after such operative date under group annuity and pure endowment contracts shall be the Mayor's reserve valuation methods defined in paragraphs (4) and (5) of this subsection and the following tables and interest rates:
(i) For individual single premium immediate annuity contracts, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such contracts, the 1971 Individual Annuity Mortality Table, any individual annuity mortality table adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standard for valuing the contracts, or any modification of the tables approved by the Commissioner and 7 1/2% interest per annum;
(ii) For individual annuity and pure endowment contracts, other than single premium immediate annuity contracts, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such contracts, the 1971 Individual Annuity Mortality Table, any individual annuity mortality table adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standard for valuing the contracts, or any modification of the tables approved by the Commissioner and 5 1/2% interest per annum for single premium deferred annuity and pure endowment contracts and 4 1/2% interest per annum for all other such individual annuity and pure endowment contracts; or
(iii) For all annuities and pure endowments purchased under group annuity and pure endowment contracts, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits purchased under such contracts, the 1971 Group Annuity Mortality Table, any group annuity mortality table adopted after 1980 by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner for determining the minimum standard for valuing the annuities and the pure endowments, or any modification of the tables approved by the Commissioner and 7 1/2% interest per annum.
(B) After October 13, 1978, any company may file with the Commissioner a written notice of its election to comply with the provisions of this paragraph after a specified date before January 1, 1979, which shall be the operative date of this paragraph for such company, provided, a company may elect a different operative date for individual annuity and pure endowment contracts from that elected for group annuity and pure endowment contracts. If a company makes no such election, the operative date of this paragraph for such company shall be January 1, 1979.
(4)(A) Except as provided in paragraph (5) of this subsection and in § 31- 4720, and according to the reserve valuation method, reserves for life insurance and endowment benefits from policies providing uniform amounts of insurance and requiring uniform premium payments shall be the excess of the present value, on the valuation date, of the future guaranteed benefits from the policies over the then present value of any future modified net premiums.
(B) The modified net premiums shall be a uniform percentage of the respective premiums that makes the present value, on the issuance date, of all modified net premiums equal the sum of the then present value of the benefits and the excess of the amount described in sub-subparagraph (i) of this subparagraph over the amount described in sub-subparagraph (ii) of this subparagraph.
(i) Except as provided in subparagraph (C) of this paragraph, a net level annual premium equal to the present value, on issuance date, of the benefits provided after the first policy year, divided by the present value, on issuance date, of an annuity of one per year to be paid on every anniversary of the policy for which a premium becomes due.
(ii) A net 1-year term premium for the benefits provided in the first policy year.
(C) The net level annual premium described in subparagraph (B)(i) of this paragraph shall not exceed the net level annual premium or the 19-year premium whole life plan for insuring the same amount at an age one year higher than the age at issuance in the policy.
(4A)(A) This paragraph governs life insurance policies issued after December 31, 1986, when the policies have the following features:
(i) The premium for the first year of the life insurance policy exceeds the premium for the second year.
(ii) The policy does not provide an additional benefit in the first year of the policy for the amount that the 1st-year premium exceeds the premium for the second year.
(iii) The policy provides an endowment benefit or a cash surrender value that exceeds the difference in the first year and the second year premiums.
(B) Except as provided in § 31-4702, and according to the reserve valuation method on any policy anniversary that takes place no later than the 1st year after a life insurance policy provides an endowment benefit or a cash surrender value that, together, exceeds the difference in the premiums described in subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph, the reserve shall be the greater of the following amounts:
(i) The reserve on the policy anniversary as described in paragraph (4) of this subsection.
(ii) The reserve on the policy anniversary as described in paragraph (4) of this subsection, but with the amount described in paragraph (4)(B)(i) of this subsection reduced by 15% of the excess first year premium, with present values of benefits and premiums determined without reference to premiums or benefits after the first year after a life insurance policy provides an endowment benefit or a cash surrender value that, together, exceeds the difference in the premiums described in subparagraph (A)(i) of this paragraph, with an assumption that the policy will mature as an endowment on that date; and with the cash surrender value provided on that date regarded as an endowment benefit.
(C) For the comparison described in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, the mortality and interest bases described in paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection and in subsection (d)(2) and (3) of this section shall apply.
(5)(A) This paragraph shall apply to all annuity and pure endowment contracts except those group annuity and pure endowment contracts for which reserves are to be calculated by a method consistent with the principles of paragraph (4) of this subsection.
(B) Reserves according to the Mayor's annuity reserve method for benefits under annuity or pure endowment contracts, excluding any disability and accidental death benefits in such contracts, shall be the greatest of the respective excesses of the present values, at the date of valuation, of the future guaranteed benefits, including guaranteed nonforfeiture benefits, provided for by such contracts at the end of each respective contract year, over the present value, at the date of valuation, of any future valuation consideration derived from future gross considerations, required by the terms of such contract, that become payable prior to the end of such respective contract year. The future guaranteed benefits shall be determined by using the mortality table, if any, and the interest rate, or rates, specified in such contracts for determining guaranteed benefits. The valuation considerations are the portions of the respective gross considerations applied under the terms of such contracts to determine nonforfeiture values.
(6) In no event shall a company's aggregate reserves for all life insurance policies, excluding disability and accidental death benefits, be less than the aggregate reserves calculated according to the method described in paragraph (4) of this subsection, in subsection (e) of this section, in § 31-4720, and in the mortality tables and rates of interest used to calculate nonforfeiture benefits for the policies.
(7) Reserves for any category of policies, contracts, or benefits, as established by the Commissioner, may be calculated, at the option of the company, according to any standards which produce greater aggregate reserves for such category than those calculated according to the minimum standard herein provided, but the rate or rates of interest used for policies and contracts, other than annuity and pure endowment contracts, shall not be higher than the corresponding rate or rates of interest used in calculating any nonforfeiture benefits provided for therein.
(d)(1) The calendar year statutory valuation interest rates shall be the interest rates used to determine the minimum standard for valuing the following:
(A) Life insurance benefits under § 31-4705.02 and issued no earlier than the operative date for policies under § 31-4705.02(e).
(B) All annuities and pure endowments purchased under group annuity and pure endowments contracts after December 31, 1983.
(C) Except as provided in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this paragraph, all life insurance benefits, individual annuity contracts, and pure endowment contracts issued after December 31, 1983.
(D) In a calendar year following December 31, 1983, the net increase of amounts held under guaranteed interest contracts.
(2) The calendar year statutory valuation interest rates shall be determined according to the equations described in this paragraph, and the results from the equations shall be rounded to the nearest 1/4%.
(A) For life insurance, the equation for determining the calendar year statutory valuation interest rates is the following:
I = .03 + W (R - .03) + W/2 (R2 - .09).
where R/1 is the lesser of R and .09,
R/2 is the greater of R and .09,
R is the reference interest rate described in paragraph (4) of this subsection,
and W is the weighting factor.
(C) Where cash settlement options are valued on an issue year basis, the formula in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph shall apply to annuities and guaranteed interest contracts with guarantee duration exceeding 10 years and the formula in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph shall apply to annuities and guaranteed interest contracts with guarantee duration of 10 years or less.
(D) Where no cash settlement options apply, the formula for single premium immediate annuities stated in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph shall apply.
(E) Where cash settlement options are valued on a change in fund basis, the formula for single premium immediate annuities stated in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph shall apply.
(F)(i) If the calendar year statutory valuation interest rate for life insurance policies for a calendar year differs from the actual interest rate for similar policies issued in the preceding calendar year by less than 1/2%, the calendar year statutory valuation interest rate shall equal the corresponding actual interest rate for the preceding calendar year.
(ii) The calendar year statutory valuation interest rate shall be determined for each calendar year regardless of when § 31-4705.02(e) becomes operative.
(3) The weighting factors in the paragraph (2)(A) and (B) of this subsection equations are as follows:
For life insurance, the guarantee duration is the maximum number of years the life insurance can remain in force on a basis guaranteed in the policy or under options to convert to plans of life insurance with premium rates or nonforfeiture values, or both, which are guaranteed in the original policy.
(B) Weighting factor for single premium immediate annuities and for annuity benefits involving life contingencies arising from other annuities with cash settlement options and from guaranteed interest contracts with cash settlement options: .80.
(C) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, weighting factors for other annuities and for guaranteed interest contracts shall be specified in the following sub-subparagraphs:
(i) For purposes of this subsection, the following plan types apply:
"Plan Type A" means that, unless the company prohibits a withdrawal, the policyholder may withdraw funds with an adjustment to reflect changes in interest rates or asset values since the company received the funds; without adjustment, but in installments for 5 years or more; or as an immediate life annuity.
"Plan Type B" means that, before the interest rate guarantee expires, and unless the company prohibits a withdrawal, the policyholder may withdraw funds with an adjustment to reflect changes in interest rates or asset values since the company received the funds; without the adjustment, but in installments for 5 years or more; or, after the interest rate guarantee ends, in a lump sum without the adjustment or in installments lasting less than 5 years.
"Plan Type C" means that, before the interest rate guarantee expires, the policyholder may withdraw funds in a lump sum or in installments lasting less than 5 years, and either without the withdrawal being adjusted to reflect changes in interest rates or asset values since the company received the funds or with the withdrawal subject only to a fixed surrender charge stipulated in the contract as a percentage of the fund.
(ii) Weighting factors for annuities and guaranteed interest contracts valued on an issue year basis:
Guarantee Duration Weighting Factor for Plan Type
(iii) For annuities and guaranteed interest contracts valued on a change in fund basis, the factors shown in sub-subparagraph (ii) of this subparagraph increased by:
(iv) For annuities and guaranteed interest contracts valued on an issue year basis (other than those with no cash settlement options) and which do not guarantee interest on considerations received more than one year after issue or purchase, and for annuities and guaranteed interest contracts valued on a change in fund basis and which do not guarantee interest rates on considerations received more than 12 months beyond the valuation date, the factors shown in sub-subparagraph (ii) of this subparagraph or derived in sub-subparagraph (iii) of this subparagraph increased by:
(v) Where cash settlement options apply to annuities and guaranteed interest contracts, the guarantee duration is the number of years that the contract guarantees interest rates in excess of the calendar year statutory valuation interest rate for life insurance policies with guarantee duration in excess of 20 years.
(vi) Where no cash settlement options apply to annuities or guaranteed interest contracts, the guarantee duration is the number of years from the issuance or the purchase date that the policy has scheduled the annuity benefits to begin.
(D)(i) A company may elect to value guaranteed interest contracts with cash settlement options and annuities with cash settlement options on either an issue year basis or on a change in fund basis.
(ii) Guaranteed interest contracts with no cash settlement options and other annuities with no cash settlement options must be valued on an issue year basis.
(iii) An issue year basis of valuation refers to a valuation basis where the interest rate used to determine the minimum valuation standard for the annuity or the guaranteed interest contract is the calendar year valuation interest rate for the issuance year or purchase year.
(iv) The change in fund basis of valuation refers to a valuation basis where the interest rate used to determine the minimum valuation standard for each change in the annuity or the guaranteed interest contract fund is the calendar year valuation interest rate for the year that the fund changed.
(4) The reference interest rate referred to in paragraph (2) of this subsection shall be as follows:
(A) For all life insurance, the reference rate shall be the lesser between the average rate during a 36-month period and the average rate during a 12-month period ending June 30 of the calendar year preceding the issuance year.
(B) For single premium immediate annuities and for annuity benefits involving life contingencies arising where cash settlement options apply to other annuities and to guaranteed interest contracts, the reference rate shall be the average rate during a 12-month period ending June 30 of the calendar year of issue or purchase.
(C) Where guarantee duration exceeds 10 years and where cash settlement options for annuities and for guaranteed interest contracts have values based upon the issuance year, the reference rate shall be the least between the average rate during a 36-month period and the average rate during a 12-month period ending June 30 of the calendar year of issue or purchase.
(D) Where guarantee duration does not exceed 10 years and where cash settlement options for annuities and for guaranteed interest contracts have values based upon the issuance year, the reference rate shall be the average rate during a 12-month period ending June 30 of the calendar year of issue or purchase.
(E) For other annuities with no cash settlement options and for guaranteed interest contracts with no cash settlement options, the reference rate shall be the average rate during a 12-month period ending June 30 of the calendar year of issue or purchase.
(F) Where cash settlement options apply to annuities and to guaranteed interest contracts and have values based on a change in the fund, the reference rate shall be the average rate during a 12-month period ending June 30 of the calendar year of the change in the fund.
(5)(A) Moody's Corporate Bond Yield Average -- Monthly Average Corporate published by Moody's Investors Service, Inc., shall set the reference rates described in paragraph (4) of this subsection.
(B) If the National Association of Insurance Commissioners determines that Moody's Investors Service, Inc., is no longer an appropriate source for the reference rate, then an alternative method shall be adopted by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and approved by the Commissioner.
(e) For life insurance plans which require the company to fix future premium determination according to the then present estimates of future experience, and for life insurance plans or annuities with minimum reserves that cannot be determined by the methods described in subsection (c)(5) and (6) of this section and in § 31-4720, the reserves held under the plan shall:
(1) Be appropriated in relation to the benefits and the pattern of premiums for the plan.
(2) Be computed by a method consistent with the principles of the Standard Valuation Law and according to regulations promulgated by the Commissioner.
(June 19, 1934, 48 Stat. 1156, ch. 672, ch. V, § 1; Feb. 19, 1948, 62 Stat. 27, ch. 66, § 1; June 27, 1960, 74 Stat. 227, Pub. L. 86-530, § 1; Oct. 3, 1962, 76 Stat. 711, Pub. L. 87-738, § 1; Oct. 13, 1978, D.C. Law 2-120, §§ 2, 3, 25 DCR 1519; Mar. 14, 1985, D.C. Law 5-160, § 3(d), 32 DCR 39; May 21, 1997, D.C. Law 11-268, § 10(j), 44 DCR 1730.)
1981 Ed., § 35-501.
1973 Ed., § 35-701.
Law 2-120 was introduced in Council and assigned Bill No. 2-304, which was referred to the Committee on Public Services and Consumer Affairs. The Bill was adopted on first and second readings on June 27, 1978, and July 11, 1978, respectively. Signed by the Mayor on August 2, 1978, it was assigned Act No. 2-250 and transmitted to both Houses of Congress for its review.
For legislative history of D.C. Law 5-160, see Historical and Statutory Notes following § 31-4725.
References in D.C. Law 5-160 in this section and in § 31-4720 have been translated accurately to reflect the D.C. Code numbering system for § 31- 4701(c). It should be noted, however, that the numbering system used by the D.C. Code and the numbering system used by the Organic Law differ markedly.