Source: http://www.google.com/patents/US6384971?dq=7,346,545
Timestamp: 2016-08-26 03:54:49
Document Index: 793375542

Matched Legal Cases: ['arts 7', 'arts 7', 'arts 8', 'art 9', 'arts 11', 'arts 13', 'art 13', 'art 14', 'art 13', 'art 14', 'art 22', 'arts 22', 'arts 23', 'arts 30']

Patent US6384971 - Methods for manufacturing micropolarizers - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA method of mass producing a micropolarizer including the steps exposing films of predetermined polarization states to electromagnetic radiation through masks of predetermined patterns, etching away exposed parts of each film and aligning and laminating the films to one another to provide a micropolarizer...http://www.google.com/patents/US6384971?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6384971 - Methods for manufacturing micropolarizersAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS6384971 B1Publication typeGrantApplication numberUS 09/197,307Publication dateMay 7, 2002Filing dateNov 19, 1998Priority dateJun 11, 1990Fee statusLapsedAlso published asUS5327285, US5844717Publication number09197307, 197307, US 6384971 B1, US 6384971B1, US-B1-6384971, US6384971 B1, US6384971B1InventorsSadeg M. FarisOriginal AssigneeReveo, Inc.Export CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (63), Non-Patent Citations (26), Referenced by (62), Classifications (27), Legal Events (10) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethods for manufacturing micropolarizers
US 6384971 B1Abstract
A method of mass producing a micropolarizer including the steps exposing films of predetermined polarization states to electromagnetic radiation through masks of predetermined patterns, etching away exposed parts of each film and aligning and laminating the films to one another to provide a micropolarizer comprising alternating sets of microscopic polarizers with different polarization states.
What is claimed is: 1. A system for fabricating a micropolarization panel for use in stereoscopic viewing a 3-D object recorded in a spatially multiplexed image of said 3-D object, said system comprising:
film providing apparatus for providing a supply of film material characterized by an ability to either phase shift or polarize light passing therethrough; film coating apparatus for coating said film material with a protective mask having a predetermined pattern that exposes preselected parts of said film material; and film treating apparatus for treating said film material with said protective mask so as to permanently form first and second optically transparent patterns therein, wherein said first optically transparent pattern imparts a first polarization state, P1, to light emanating from pixels through said first optically transparent pattern, and said second optically transparent pattern imparts a second polarization state, P2, to light emanating from pixels through said second optically transparent pattern, and wherein said first optically transparent pattern is a logical inverse of said second optically transparent pattern; and film cutting apparatus for cutting said treated film material so as to form a micropolarization panel for use in stereoscopic viewing of a 3-D object recorded in a spatially-multiplexed image of said 3-D object. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said first and second polarization states are linear polarization states which are oriented 90� from one another.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein said film treating apparatus comprises apparatus for applying a caustic agent to said film coated with said protective mask.
4. The system of claim 1, which further comprises laminating apparatus for applying a lamination layer upon said treated film material.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein said film providing apparatus comprises first and second rotatable drums for supporting and transporting said film material.
6. A method for fabricating a micropolarization panel for use in stereoscopic viewing a 3-D object recorded in a spatially multiplexed image of said 3-D object, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a sheet of wave retarder film material; (b) applying a protective coating to said wave retarder film material; and (c) chemically treating said wave retarder film material to selectively remove portions thereof to produce first and second optically transparent patterns in said sheet of wave retarder film material so as to provide a micropolarization panel for use in stereoscopic viewing of a 3-D object recorded in a spatially-multiplexed image of said 3-D object, wherein said first optically transparent pattern imparts a first polarization state P1 to light emanating through said first optically transparent pattern, said second optically transparent pattern imparts a second polarization state P2 to light emanating through said second optically transparent pattern, and said second optically transparent pattern is the logical compliment pattern of said first optically transparent pattern. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said sheet of wave retarder film is a sheet of half-wave retarder.
8. A system for fabricating a patterned polarizer film, comprising:
film providing apparatus for providing a film; film coating apparatus for coating said film with a protective mask having a predetermined pattern that exposes preselected portions of said film; and film treating means for thereafter treating said film to affect the preselected parts of said film to provide a pattern of polarized and unpolarized portions of said film, the polarized parts of the film having a first polarization state, P1. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein said film comprises a polarized film having the first polarization state, P1; and wherein said film treating apparatus comprises polarization state removing apparatus for removing the polarization state of the preselected exposed portions of said film.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein said film comprises a polarized PVA film.
11. The system of claim 8, wherein said film comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal polarizer.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein said film comprises a half-wave retarder.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein said film comprises a quarter-wave retarder.
14. The system of claim 8, wherein said polarization state removing apparatus comprises means for applying an enchant or a solvent solution to the preselected exposed portions of said film.
15. The system of claim 8, which further comprises film laminating apparatus for laminating said film to a sheet of polarizer.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the film is a retarder, and wherein the sheet of polarizer comprises a sheet of linear polarizer material.
17. The system of claim 8, wherein the film comprises a polarized film having the first polarization state, P1; and
wherein said polarization state removing apparatus comprises means for etching away the preselected portions of said film to provide a pattern of polarized portions of said film.
18. A system for fabricating micropolarizing material for use in stereoscopic viewing a 3-D object recorded in a spatially multiplexed image of said 3-D object, said system comprising:
(a) apparatus for providing a film coated with a protective mask having a predetermined pattern that exposes preselected parts of the film; and (b) apparatus for treating said film to affect the preselected parts of said film to provide micropolarization material for use in stereoscopic viewing of a 3-D object recorded in a spatially-multiplexed image of said 3-D object, having a pattern of polarized and unpolarized parts of the film, wherein the polarized parts of said film have a first polarization state, P1. 19. A method of fabricating a micropolarization panel for use in stereoscopic viewing a 3-D object recorded in a spatially multiplexed image of said 3-D object, said system comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a sheet of wave retarder film; (b) applying a protective coating to said wave retarder film; and (c) for chemically treating said wave retarder film to selectively remove portions thereof to produce first and second optically transparent patterns in said sheet of wave retarder film so as to provide a micropolarization panel for use in stereoscopic viewing of a 3-D object recorded in a spatially-multiplexed image of said 3-D object, whereby said first optically transparent pattern imparts a first polarization state P1 to light emanating through said first optically transparent pattern, said second optically transparent pattern imparts a second polarization state P2 to light emanating through said second optically transparent pattern, and said second optically transparent pattern is the logical compliment pattern of said first optically transparent pattern.
This is a Continuation application of application Ser. No. 08/527,094, filed Sep. 12, 1995 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,844,717, entitled “Method And System For Producing Micropolarization Panels For Use In Micropolarizing Spatially Multiplexed Images Of 3-D Objects During Stereoscopic Display Processes (As Amended)”; which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/536,419, filed Jun. 11, 1990, entitled “METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING POLARIZERS”, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,327,285, issued on Jul. 5, 1994.
This invention is related to my co-pending application Ser. No. 07/536,190 entitled “A System For Producing 3-D Stereo Images” filed on even date herewith incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, which introduces a fundamentally new optical element called a micropolarizer. The function of the micropolarizer is to spatially multiplex and spatially demultiplex image elements in the 3-D stereo imaging and displaying system of the aforementioned co-pending application. As shown in FIG. 1, the micropolarizer (μPol) 1, 2 is a regular array of cells 3 each of which comprises a set of microscopic polarizers with polarization states P1 and P2. The array has a period p which is the cell size and is also the pixel size of the imaging or displaying devices.
FIG. 8 shows final alignment and lam ion processes for making circular micropolarizers by the etching method.
FIG. 14 illustrates an automated high through-put process for continuous production of micropolarizer sheets by direct application of bleaching ink or iodine-based ink.
Since its invention by E. Land in the 1930's, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been the polarizer material of choice. It is available from several manufacturers including the Polaroid Corporation. It comes as rolls 19 inches wide and thousands of feet long. The PVA, which is 10 to 20 micron thick, is stretched 2 to 5 times original length and treated with iodine to give it its dichroic (polarizing) property. The PVA treated in this manner crystallizes and becomes brittle. The processes below employ certain chemical properties of the PVA. These are: i) resistance to organic solvents and oils; ii) water solubility, 30% water and 70% ethyl alcohol; iii) bleaching of the dichroic effect in hot humid atmosphere and by means of caustic solutions; iv) manifestation of dichroic effect by painting the PVA in iodine/potassium iodide solution; and v) the stabilization of the dichroic effect in boric acid solution. The starting PVA material comes laminated to a clear plastic substrate which protects the brittle PVA and facilitates handling and processing. The substrate is made either of cellulose aceto bytyrate (CAB) or cellulose triacetate (CTA), and is typically 50 to 125 micron thick. CAB and CTA are ultra-clear plastics and at the same time they are good barriers against humidity. For some applications, large glass plates are also used as substrates. Although other polymers, when stretched and treated by dichroic dyes, exhibit similar optical activity to that of PVA and may be fabricated into micropolarizers following the methods taught here, only PVA is considered in the manufacturing processes described in the present invention.
The physical principles on which the polarization of light and other electromagnetic waves, and the optical activity which produces phase retardation (quarter wave and half wave retarders) are described in books on optics, such as: M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, Pergamon Press, London, fourth edition, 1970; F. S. Crawford, Jr., Waves, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968; and M. V. Klein, Optics, Wiley, N. Y., 1970. There are several important facts used in this invention:
The process for producing the micropolarizers, μPols, 1, 2 in FIG. 1 is described in FIG. 2 which starts with a sheet of linear polarizer 5 laminated onto a clear substrate 4. The laminate is coated with photosensitive material 6 called photoresist. This can be one of several well known liquid photoresists marketed by Eastman Kodak and Shipley, or in the form of a dry photoresist sheet called Riston from the Du Pont Company. The latter is preferred because complete laminated rolls of the three materials 3, 5, 6 can be produced and used to start the μPols process. The photoresist is subsequently exposed and developed using a mask having the desired pattern of the μPols cell 3 producing a pattern with polarization parts protected with the photoresist 6 and unprotected parts 7 exposed for further treatment. These exposed parts 7 are treated for several seconds with a caustic solution e.g., a solution of potassium hydroxide. This bleaching solution removes the dichroic effect from the PVA so that the exposed parts 8 are no longer able to polarize light. The photoresist is removed by known strippers, which have no bleaching effect, thus the first part 9 of the μPols fabrication is produced. Alternatively, FIG. 3 shows a method for making linear μPols by starting with a laminate of PVA 10 which is stretched but does not yet have the dichroic effect, i.e., it has not yet been treated with iodine, and the substrate 4. Following identical steps as above, windows 7 are opened in the photoresist revealing part of the PVA. The next step is to treat the exposed parts with a solution of iodine/potassium iodide and subsequently with a boric acid stabilizing solution. The exposed parts 11 of the PVA become polarizers while those protected with the photoresist remain unpolarizers. Stripping the photoresist completes the first part of the process.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, a complete μPol is made using two parts 13, 14 produced by either the process of FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 except that part 13 has polarization axis oriented 90 degrees from that of part 14. The two parts are aligned 15 so that the patterned polarizer areas do not over lap, and then laminated together to from the final product 16. The μPol 16 is laminated with the PVA surfaces facing and in contact with each other. The μPol 17 is laminated with the PVA of part 13 is in contact with the substrate of part 14. The μPol 18 is laminated with the substrates of both parts are in contact with each other. Finally, it is possible to produce the μPol 19 with only one substrate onto which two PVA films are laminated and patterned according to the process described above. The above process leaves the patterned PVA film in place and achieves the desired result by either bleaching it or treating it with iodine solution. The processes described in FIGS. 5 and 6 achieve the desired result by the complete removal of parts of the PVA. In FIG. 5, the starting material is any PVA film 20 (linear polarizer, quarter wave retarder, or half wave retarder) or any non-PVA optically active material laminated to a substrate. As described above, windows 7 in the photoresist are opened. The exposed PVA 7 is removed 21 by means of chemical etching (30% water/70% ethyl alcohol solution), photochemical etching, eximer laser etching or reactive ion etching. Stripping the photoresist, the first part 22 of the μPols process is completed.
To complete making a whole μPol the parts 22, 71, 72 prepared by the PVA removal methods are used as in FIG. 7. If the PVA is a linear polarizer, then, parts 23, 24 have patterned polarizers which are oriented 90 degrees from each other, and when aligned 25, and laminated together, complete linear μPols 26, 27, 28, 29 result. If the PVA is quarter wave retarder, then the parts 30, 31 of FIG. 8 have patterned retarders with optical axes oriented 90 degrees from each other, and when aligned 32 and laminated to a sheet of linear polarizer 33, complete circular μPols 34, 35, 36 result.
FIG. 11 shows the apparatus 42 used for contact printing of the laminate 46 made of photoresist, PVA, and its substrate. The apparatus consists of a vacuum box 47, and a vacuum pump 48 attached thereto. The top of box is flat surface with vacuum holes which hold the laminate flat during exposure. The mask 45 with its emulsion facing down, makes direct contact with the photoresist surface with the aid of the top glass cover 44. The very high intensity UV lamp 43 is then turned on for 30 to 60 seconds to expose the photoresist. The laminate is subsequently removed for development and the rest of the μPols fabrications processes as described in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5. This printing process using apparatus 46 is automated for large area μPols production as shown in FIG. 12. The laminate 46 is furnished in a large roll, is fed to apparatus 42 when the vacuum pump 48 is off and the mask and cover 44 are open. By means of an electronic controller, the following automatic sequences are carried out: (1) the vacuum is turned on; (2) the cover and mask are lowered; (3) the lamp is turned on for certain period of time; (4) the lamp is turned off; (5) the mask and cover are, lifted; (6) the vacuum is turned off; and (7) the laminate is advanced.
These steps are repeated until the whole roll is finished. The exposed roll 49 is then processed further. This exposure apparatus is simple and has no critical alignment requirements.
These steps have been eliminated by using the mechanical method described in FIG. 6. They are also completely eliminated by using the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14. This apparatus 57 promises to be the least expensive high volume manufacturing process for μPols. It consists of a plate drum 58 to which a plate a fixed, a blanket drum 59 which has a rubber surface, and an impression drum 60. The inks from ink fountains 62, 65, are transferred to the plate by means of rollers 63, 64. The pattern is transferred from the plate to the blanket drum which in turn it transfers to the PVA laminate 61. The rotation of the blanket drum and the impression drums draws in the laminate, and blanket rubber surface pressing on the laminate causes proper printing. Although the hardware is similar to that used in offset printing press, the process is different from offset printing. The principal difference is in the ink formulation. In offset printing slightly acidic water is used in fountain 65, and an oil-based paint (linseed oil, pigments, binder, and other additives) is used in fountain 62. These are not intended to interact w the paper. The pigments in the oil based solution will remain bonded to the paper, and the water evaporates. In the μPols printing process, on the other hand, the oil based solution is clear and is not intended to remain, while the water based solution is intended to interact with the PVA and permanently modify it, by bleaching it or by endowing it with the dichroic property. Another difference is the use of the negative image on the plate to print a positive image of the pattern on the PVA laminate, whereas in the offset printing, the opposite occurs. The plates are made by means which are well known in the offset printing industry.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS1435520Mar 2, 1921Nov 14, 1922Teleview CorpStereoscopic motion pictureUS2099694Mar 6, 1934Nov 23, 1937Sheet Polarizer Company IncPolarizing optical systemUS2301254Jul 7, 1938Nov 10, 1942Sylvania Electric ProdStereoscopic method and apparatusUS2317875Jun 28, 1940Apr 27, 1943Athey Skipwith WStereoscopic photographyUS2385687Aug 15, 1942Sep 25, 1945Sylvania Electric ProdLight polarizing screen and method of manufactureUS2417446Aug 1, 1941Mar 18, 1947Bell Telephone Labor IncStereotelevision and television range findingUS2571612Feb 24, 1948Oct 16, 1951Rines Robert HStereoscopic image reception by millimetric radiationUS2623433Sep 21, 1948Dec 30, 1952Stipek JohannStereoscopic projection system, including anaglyphic and polarizing filtersUS2631496Aug 8, 1947Mar 17, 1953Rehorn Miles PStereoscopic viewing method and apparatusUS2647440Aug 8, 1947Aug 4, 1953Miles P RehornMolecularly aligned sheet materialUS2949055Jul 9, 1954Aug 16, 1960Servo Corp Of AmericaStereoscopic scannerUS2983835Sep 3, 1958May 9, 1961American Optical CorpTelevision systems embodying fiber optical devices and method of making the sameUS3275745Dec 23, 1963Sep 27, 1966Var Robert EThree-dimensional television systemUS3371324Nov 25, 1964Feb 27, 1968Sinoto NoriLight-modulating information storage and retrieval system and methodUS3507549Sep 15, 1961Apr 21, 1970Polaroid CorpMethod for producing and viewing composite imagesUS3741626Aug 18, 1971Jun 26, 1973Westinghouse Electric CorpCommunicationUS3807831Jun 20, 1972Apr 30, 1974Beckman Instruments IncLiquid crystal display apparatusUS3821466May 25, 1973Jun 28, 1974Roese JLiquid crystal stereoscopic television systemUS3858001May 11, 1973Dec 31, 1974Honeywell IncStereoscopic display systemUS3944351Feb 26, 1974Mar 16, 1976Canon Kabushiki KaishaApparatus for superimposing a plurality of imagesUS4122484Oct 6, 1976Oct 24, 1978U.S. Philips CorporationDisplay device for three-dimensional televisionUS4281341Oct 24, 1979Jul 28, 1981The Marconi Company LimitedStereoscopic television systemUS4286286May 2, 1979Aug 25, 1981Honeywell Inc.Photo controlled stereoscopic television systemUS4406521 *Jan 29, 1981Sep 27, 1983Eastman Kodak CompanyLight valve imaging apparatus having improved addressing electrode structureUS4431265Dec 31, 1980Feb 14, 1984Polaroid CorporationApparatus for viewing stereoscopic imagesUS4504856Sep 29, 1982Mar 12, 1985Honeywell Inc.Stereo television systemUS4523226Jan 19, 1983Jun 11, 1985Stereographics CorporationStereoscopic television systemUS4562463May 15, 1981Dec 31, 1985Stereographics Corp.Stereoscopic television system with field storage for sequential display of right and left imagesUS4566758May 9, 1983Jan 28, 1986Tektronix, Inc.Rapid starting, high-speed liquid crystal variable optical retarderUS4582396May 9, 1983Apr 15, 1986Tektronix, Inc.Field sequential color display system using optical retardationUS4583117Jul 17, 1984Apr 15, 1986Stereographics CorporationStereoscopic video cameraUS4588259Jul 31, 1984May 13, 1986Bright & Morning Star CompanyStereoscopic optical systemUS4641178Aug 7, 1984Feb 3, 1987Brightad LimitedMethod and apparatus for producing stereoscopic imagesUS4670744Mar 14, 1985Jun 2, 1987Tektronix, Inc.Light reflecting three-dimensional display systemUS4692792Dec 8, 1986Sep 8, 1987Brightad LimitedMethod and apparatus for producing stereoscopic imagesUS4707081 *Sep 27, 1985Nov 17, 1987Eastman Kodak CompanyLinear light valve arrays having transversely driven electro-optic gates and method of making such arraysUS4709263Jan 28, 1986Nov 24, 1987John BrumageStereoscopic imaging apparatus and methodsUS4719507Apr 26, 1985Jan 12, 1988Tektronix, Inc.Stereoscopic imaging system with passive viewing apparatusUS4723159Jan 27, 1986Feb 2, 1988Imsand Donald JThree dimensional television and video systemsUS4781440Nov 17, 1986Nov 1, 1988Olympus Optical Company Ltd.Stereoscopic optical instruments utilizing liquid crystalUS4792850Nov 25, 1987Dec 20, 1988Sterographics CorporationMethod and system employing a push-pull liquid crystal modulatorUS4872750Aug 19, 1987Oct 10, 1989Nec Home Electronics Ltd.Image projection apparatusUS4873572Feb 24, 1988Oct 10, 1989Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.Electronic endoscope apparatusUS4877307Jul 5, 1988Oct 31, 1989Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics CorporationStereoscopic displayUS4902111 *Oct 26, 1988Feb 20, 1990Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaMethod and device for driving electro-optical light shutter arrayUS4943852Oct 6, 1988Jul 24, 1990Eclectica, Inc.Stereoscopic converter assembly for closed circuit 2-D television systemUS4984179Sep 7, 1989Jan 8, 1991W. Industries LimitedMethod and apparatus for the perception of computer-generated imageryUS4995718Nov 15, 1989Feb 26, 1991Honeywell Inc.Full color three-dimensional projection displayUS5007715Feb 21, 1989Apr 16, 1991U.S. Philips CorporationDisplay and pick-up device for stereoscopic picture displayUS5113285Sep 28, 1990May 12, 1992Honeywell Inc.Full color three-dimensional flat panel displayUS5327285 *Jun 11, 1990Jul 5, 1994Faris Sadeg MMethods for manufacturing micropolarizersUS5402191Dec 9, 1992Mar 28, 1995Imax CorporationMethod and apparatus for presenting stereoscopic imagesUS5537144Sep 23, 1993Jul 16, 1996Revfo, Inc.Electro-optical display system for visually displaying polarized spatially multiplexed images of 3-D objects for use in stereoscopically viewing the same with high image quality and resolutionUS5699133May 29, 1996Dec 16, 1997Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Liquid crystal shutter having a specified zero voltage time viscosity product or a specified driving frequencyUS5844717 *Sep 12, 1995Dec 1, 1998Reveo, Inc.Method and system for producing micropolarization panels for use in micropolarizing spatially multiplexed images of 3-D objects during stereoscopic display processesUS5886816Jun 7, 1995Mar 23, 1999Reveo, Inc.Method and system for recording spatially-multiplexed images of 3-D objects for use in stereoscopic viewing thereofGB489888A Title not availableGB1523436A Title not availableGB2111798A Title not availableGB2231754A Title not availableJPS5526802A Title not availableJPS61142642A Title not availableJPS62217790A Title not available* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference13-D Comes Home by Tom Waters, Personal Tech, 1988, pp. 30-32.23-D Flat Panel Color Display PRDA 89-9 Technical/Management and Cost by Phoenix Technology Center, Honeywell Inc., Systems & Research Center Phoenix , 1989.3A New Approach to Computer-Generated Holography by M.C. King, et. al., Applied Optics, vol. 9, No. 2, 1970, pp. 471-475.4A Real-Time Autostereoscopic Multiplanar 3D Display System by Rodney Don Williams and Felix Garcia, et. al., SID 88 Digest, 1988, pp. 91-94.5Article in NASA Tech Briefs by, NASA Tech Briefs, 1991, pp. 12-13.6Circular Polarization Image Selection for Timeplex Stereoscopic Video Display by Lenny Lipton, SPIE vol. 779, Display System Optics, vol. 778, 1987, pp. 41-44.7Compatibility of Stereoscipic Video Systems with Broadcast Television Standards by Lenny Lipton, SPIE, vol. 1083, 1989, pp. 95-101.8Experience with Stereoscopic Display Devices and Output Algorithms by James S. Lipscomb, SPIE vol. 1083, 1989, pp. 28-34.9Field-Sequential Stereoscopic Viewing Systems Using Passive Glasses by Philip Bos and Thomas Haven, Proceedings of the SID, vol. 30, No. 1, 1989, pp. 39-43.10Hard Copy for True Three-Dimensional Images by Larry F. Hodges, et. al., Information Display, vol. 3, No. 8, 1987, pp. 12-15, 25.11High-Performance 3D Viewing Systems Using Passive Glasses by Philip Bos et. al., SID 88 Digest, 1988, pp. 450-453.12Holographic Display of Three-Dimensional Images by Larry F. Hodges, et. al., Information Display, vol. 3, No. 9, 1987, pp. 8-11.13Holographic Micropatterns and the Ordering of Photographic Grains in Film System by James J. Cowan, et. al., ACTA Polytechnica Scandinavica, vol. 1, 1985.14Large Screen Electro-Stereoscopic Displays by Lenny Lipton, SPIE, vol. 1255, 1990, pp. 108-113.15Low Cost Universal Stereoscopic Virtual Reality Interfaces, Professional Product by Michael Starks, 3-D TV Corporation, San Rafael, CA, 1995.16Low-Cost 3-D TV by Edited by Alexander A. McKenzie, Electronics, 1953, pp. 196.17Optics, Ch. 10 by Miles V. Klein, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990.18Principles of Optics, Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Di by Max Born and Emil Wolf, Pergamon Press, 1970, pp. 716-718.19SGS 310 410 610 Stereoscopic 3-D Display Kits by , Tektronix Display Products, Beaverton OR, 1992.20Stereoscopic Real-Time and Multiplexed Video System by Lenny Lipton, SPIE, vol. 1915, 1993, pp. 6-11.21Three-Dimensional Projection with Circular Polarizers by Vivian Walworth, et al., SPIE, vol. 462, 1984, pp. 64-68.22Three-Dimensional TV with Cordless FLC Spectacles by W.J.A.M. Hartmann and H.M.J. Hikspoors, Information Display, vol. 3, No. 9, 1987, pp. 15-17.23True Three-Dimensional CRT-Based Displays by Larry F. Hodges and David F. McAllister, Information Display, vol. 3, No. 9, 1987, pp. 18-22.24Varifocal Mirror Technique for Video Transmission of Three-Dimensional Images by M.C. King and D.H. Berry, Applied Optics , vol. 9, No. 9, 1970, pp. 2035-2039.25Waves, Berkeley Physics Course-vol. 3 (published circa 1989) by Frank S. Crawford, et. al., unknown, 1989, pp. 394-450.26Waves, Berkeley Physics Course—vol. 3 (published circa 1989) by Frank S. Crawford, et. al., unknown, 1989, pp. 394-450.Referenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS6653244Sep 19, 2001Nov 25, 2003Binoptics CorporationMonolithic three-dimensional structuresUS6813077 *Jun 19, 2001Nov 2, 2004Corning IncorporatedMethod for fabricating an integrated optical isolator and a novel wire grid structureUS7012291Jul 17, 2003Mar 14, 2006Binoptics CorporationMonolithic three-dimensional structuresUS7230717May 4, 2004Jun 12, 20074D Technology CorporationPixelated phase-mask interferometerUS7274412Aug 6, 2004Sep 25, 2007L3 Communications CorporationStereoscopic imaging assembly employing a flat panel displayUS7468838Nov 10, 2005Dec 23, 2008Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Stereoscopic display for switching between 2D/3D imagesUS7608474 *Feb 14, 2006Oct 27, 2009Seiko Epson CorporationMethod for manufacturing optical elementUS7796134May 31, 2005Sep 14, 2010Infinite Z, Inc.Multi-plane horizontal perspective displayUS7907167Mar 15, 2011Infinite Z, Inc.Three dimensional horizontal perspective workstationUS8072552Aug 18, 2006Dec 6, 2011Reald Inc.Stereoscopic eyewearUS8233103Mar 26, 2010Jul 31, 2012X6D LimitedSystem for controlling the operation of a pair of 3D glasses having left and right liquid crystal viewing shuttersUS8520176Feb 1, 2012Aug 27, 2013Industrial Technology Research InstituteStereoscopic display module, method for manufacturing the same and manufacturing system thereofUS8542326Mar 4, 2011Sep 24, 2013X6D Limited3D shutter glasses for use with LCD displaysUS8717360Jun 10, 2010May 6, 2014Zspace, Inc.Presenting a view within a three dimensional sceneUS8717423Feb 2, 2011May 6, 2014Zspace, Inc.Modifying perspective of stereoscopic images based on changes in user viewpointUS8786529May 18, 2011Jul 22, 2014Zspace, Inc.Liquid crystal variable drive voltageUS8797483 *May 22, 2011Aug 5, 2014Industrial Technology Research InstituteManufacturing methods of phase retardation film and stereoscopic display deviceUS8947780 *May 25, 2012Feb 3, 2015Sony CorporationPolarization module and image display apparatusUS9025091Dec 1, 2011May 5, 2015Reald Inc.Stereoscopic eyewearUS9097858 *Jun 29, 2011Aug 4, 20153M Innovative Properties CompanyRetarder film combinations with spatially selective birefringence reductionUS9134556Jul 18, 2014Sep 15, 2015Zspace, Inc.Liquid crystal variable drive voltageUS9202306May 2, 2014Dec 1, 2015Zspace, Inc.Presenting a view within a three dimensional sceneUS9292962May 2, 2014Mar 22, 2016Zspace, Inc.Modifying perspective of stereoscopic images based on changes in user viewpointUS20050078369 *Aug 6, 2004Apr 14, 2005Blanchard Randall D.Stereoscopic imaging assembly employing a flat panel displayUS20050219695 *Apr 4, 2005Oct 6, 2005Vesely Michael AHorizontal perspective displayUS20050264559 *May 31, 2005Dec 1, 2005Vesely Michael AMulti-plane horizontal perspective hands-on simulatorUS20050264857 *May 31, 2005Dec 1, 2005Vesely Michael ABinaural horizontal perspective displayUS20050275915 *May 31, 2005Dec 15, 2005Vesely Michael AMulti-plane horizontal perspective displayUS20050281411 *May 31, 2005Dec 22, 2005Vesely Michael ABinaural horizontal perspective displayUS20060126927 *Nov 28, 2005Jun 15, 2006Vesely Michael AHorizontal perspective representationUS20060185983 *Feb 14, 2006Aug 24, 2006Seiko Epson CorporationMethod for manufacturing optical elementUS20060221443 *Nov 10, 2005Oct 5, 2006Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.Stereoscopic display for switching between 2D/3D imagesUS20060250391 *May 8, 2006Nov 9, 2006Vesely Michael AThree dimensional horizontal perspective workstationUS20060252978 *May 8, 2006Nov 9, 2006Vesely Michael ABiofeedback eyewear systemUS20060252979 *May 8, 2006Nov 9, 2006Vesely Michael ABiofeedback eyewear systemUS20060269437 *May 31, 2005Nov 30, 2006Pandey Awadh BHigh temperature aluminum alloysUS20060285026 *Aug 18, 2006Dec 21, 2006Colorlink, Inc.Stereoscopic EyewearUS20070040905 *Aug 7, 2006Feb 22, 2007Vesely Michael AStereoscopic display using polarized eyewearUS20070043466 *Aug 7, 2006Feb 22, 2007Vesely Michael AStereoscopic display using polarized eyewearUS20100245998 *Sep 30, 2010Microcontinuum, Inc.Stereoscopic Image Formation TechniquesUS20110122130 *May 26, 2011Vesely Michael AModifying Perspective of Stereoscopic Images Based on Changes in User ViewpointUS20110187706 *Jun 10, 2010Aug 4, 2011Vesely Michael APresenting a View within a Three Dimensional SceneUS20120307359 *Dec 6, 2012Matsuyama NorihiroPolarization module and image display apparatusUS20130094085 *Jun 29, 2011Apr 18, 20133M Innovative Properties CompanyRetarder film combinations with spatially selective birefringence reductionUSD616486Oct 27, 2009May 25, 2010X6D Ltd.3D glassesUSD646451Oct 4, 2011X6D LimitedCart for 3D glassesUSD650003Dec 6, 2011X6D Limited3D glassesUSD650956Dec 20, 2011X6D LimitedCart for 3D glassesUSD652860Jan 24, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD662965Jul 3, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD664183Jul 24, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD666663Sep 4, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD669522Oct 23, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD671590Nov 27, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD672804Dec 18, 2012X6D Limited3D glassesUSD692941Jun 3, 2011Nov 5, 2013X6D Limited3D glassesUSD711959Aug 10, 2012Aug 26, 2014X6D LimitedGlasses for amblyopia treatmentUSRE45394May 16, 2011Mar 3, 2015X6D Limited3D glassesCN102692663A *Mar 21, 2011Sep 26, 2012财团法人工业技术研究院Methods for manufacturing phase difference film and stereoscopic display device and phase difference filmEP1922583A2 *Aug 18, 2006May 21, 2008Colorlink, Inc.Stereoscopic eyewearEP2511758A1 *Aug 18, 2006Oct 17, 2012RealD Inc.Stereoscopic eyewearWO2003025981A1 *Jul 15, 2002Mar 27, 2003Binoptics CorporationMonolithic three-dimensional structures* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification359/486.02, 348/E05.141, 348/E05.145, 359/489.07, 359/489.17, 359/486.03, 359/487.06International ClassificationG06F1/16, H04N5/74, G06F3/048, G03B21/132, G02B27/26, G06F3/00, G06F3/01, G02B27/00, G06F3/033Cooperative ClassificationG03B21/132, H04N5/7491, G02B27/26, G06F3/011, G02B27/0093, H04N5/7441European ClassificationG06F3/0488, G02B27/26, G03B21/132, G02B27/00T, G06F3/01BLegal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionMay 27, 2003ASAssignmentOwner name: ARISAWA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD., JAPANFree format text: LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:VREX INCORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:014102/0766Effective date: 20030324Nov 23, 2005REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedMay 5, 2006FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4May 5, 2006SULPSurcharge for late paymentDec 14, 2009REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedMay 7, 2010SULPSurcharge for late paymentYear of fee payment: 7May 7, 2010FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Dec 13, 2013REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedMay 7, 2014LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesJun 24, 2014FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20140507RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services