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Part 6: Effectiveness of residual current devices (RCD) in TT, TN and IT systems
The European Standard EN 61557-6:2007 has the status of a British Standard
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61557-6:2007. It is identical to IEC 61557-6:2007. It supersedes BS EN 61557-6:1998, which will be withdrawn on 1 October 2010. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/85, Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2007
ISBN 978 0 580 54796 6
Supersedes EN 61557-6:1998
Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures Part 6: Effectiveness of residual current devices (RCD) in TT, TN and IT systems (IEC 61557-6:2007)
Scurit lectrique dans les rseaux de distribution basse tension de 1 000 V c.a. et 1 500 V c.c. Dispositifs de contrle, de mesure ou de surveillance de mesures de protection Partie 6: Efficacit des dispositifs courant rsiduel (DCR) dans les rseaux TT, TN et IT (CEI 61557-6:2007) Elektrische Sicherheit in Niederspannungsnetzen bis AC 1 000 V und DC 1 500 V Gerte zum Prfen, Messen oder berwachen von Schutzmanahmen Teil 6: Wirksamkeit von FehlerstromSchutzeinrichtungen (RCD) in TT-, TN- und IT-Systemen (IEC 61557-6:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
2007 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61557-6:2007 E
The text of document 85/279A/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61557-6, prepared by IEC TC 85, Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61557-6 on 2007-10-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 61557-6:1998. The following changes were made with respect to EN 61557-6:1998: title and scope complemented; definitions complemented; revision of requirements; "tripping tests" and "non-tripping tests" subclauses complemented; "operating instructions" subclause complemented; addition of Annex A. This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 61557-1. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. __________
2008-07-01 2010-10-01
The text of the International Standard IEC 61557-6:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. __________
1 2 3 4 5 Scope ............................................................................................................................4 Normative references .....................................................................................................4 Terms and definitions .....................................................................................................4 Requirements .................................................................................................................5 Marking and operating instructions .................................................................................8 5.1 Marking .................................................................................................................8 5.2 Operating instructions ...........................................................................................8 Tests..............................................................................................................................8
Annex A (normative) Measuring equipment for residual current protective devices (RCDs) of type B ................................................................................................................10 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications ...........................................................................13 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................12 Table 1 Calculation of operating uncertainty .......................................................................6
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS UP TO 1000 V a.c. AND 1500 V d.c. EQUIPMENT FOR TESTING, MEASURING OR MONITORING OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES Part 6: Effectiveness of residual current devices (RCD) in TT, TN and IT systems
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC/TR 60755, General requirements for residual current operated protective devices IEC 60947-2, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 2: Circuit-breakers
IEC 61008 (all parts), Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs) IEC 61009 (all parts), Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) IEC 61010-1:2001, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements IEC 61557-1:2007, Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c and 1 500 V d.c Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures Part 1: General requirements
For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in IEC 61557-1 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 fault current I current flowing to earth due to an insulation fault
3.2 rated residual operating current I N fault current for which the residual current protective device is designed 3.3 residual operating current Ia fault current at which the residual current protective device is activated 3.4 test resistance Rp resistance by means of which a fault current for test purposes is produced 3.5 total earthing resistance RA resistance between the main earthing terminal and the earth [IEV 826-04-03 1) ]
The following requirements as well as those given in IEC 61557-1 shall apply. 4.1 4.1.1 Tests Tripping tests
The measuring equipment shall be capable of indicating that the residual operating current of the protective device is less than or equal to the rated residual operating current. The tests shall be carried out with a sinusoidal, or mains-derived quasi sinusoidal test current. The operating uncertainty of the calibrated test currents shall not exceed 0 % to +10 % of the rated residual current with the rated residual operating current as fiducial value determined in accordance with Table 1. The operating uncertainty of measurement of the residual operating current shall not exceed 10 % of the rated residual operating current as fiducial value determined in accordance with Table 1. If the measuring equipment is provided for the purpose of testing residual current protective devices of 30 mA or below, installed for supplementary protection, the measuring equipment shall be capable of providing a test of five times the rated residual operating current. The test period shall be limited to 40 ms. When measuring the trip time, this limit of test period need not be applied so long as the fault voltage remains below the touch voltage limit. If the measuring equipment is capable of producing half-wave test currents, testing of residual current protective devices (RCDs) Type A may alternatively be carried out using halfwave test currents according to the IEC 61008 and IEC 61009 series, IEC 60947-2 and IEC/TR 60755. In this case test equipment shall be able to test in both polarities.
1) IEC 60050-826:1982, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 826: Electrical installations of buildings (withdrawn and superseded by IEC 60050-826:2004, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 826: Electrical installations, in which this definition no longer appears).
Table 1 Calculation of operating uncertainty
Intrinsic uncertainty or influence quantity Reference conditions or specified operating range Designation code Requirements or test in accordance with the relevant parts of IEC 61557 Part 6, 6.1 Part 1, 4.2 Part 1, 4.2, 4.3 Part 1, 4.2 Part 6, 4.5 Part 6, 4.5 Part 6, 4.1 Part 6, 4.2 Part 6, 4.3 Type of test
Intrinsic uncertainty Position Supply voltage Temperature Resistance probes of the
Reference conditions Reference position 90 At the limits stated by the manufacturer 0 C and 35 C Within the limits stated by the manufacturer 85 % to 110 % of the nominal voltage
A E1 E2 E3 E5 E8
System voltage Operating uncertainty
2 2 2 2 2 B = ( A + 1,15 E 1 + E 2 + E 3 + E 5 + E 8 )
A En R T
Non-tripping tests
When a test at 50 % or less of the rated residual operating current to test the reliability of the RCD is included, the minimum test period for general type RCDs shall be 0,3 s and for type S RCDs it shall be 0,5 s. The protective device shall not open. When a no trip test at 50 % or less of the rated residual operating current is included, the operating uncertainty of the calibrated test current shall not exceed 0 % to 10 % of the specified no tripping test current in accordance with Table 1.
NOTE If the purpose of the test is to evaluate other parameters (e.g. fault voltage) the minimum test period may be shorter but not less than one cycle of the rated frequency.
4.2 The measuring equipment shall be capable of indicating whether the fault voltage at the rated residual current of the protective device is less than or equal to the conventional touch voltage limit. The test may be carried out with or without a probe.
NOTE Indication can be by displaying the value of the fault voltage or by the use of other clear indicators.
4.2.1 If a fault voltage is displayed or indicated for the residual operating current and not for the rated residual current, this shall be indicated in the display or on the measuring equipment, or calculated according to the following formulae. The following condition shall be fulfilled:
UF UL
U L is the conventional touch voltage limit. 4.2.2 The operating uncertainty during the measurement of the fault voltage shall not exceed 0 % to +20 % with the conventional touch voltage limit as fiducial value, determined in accordance with Table 1.
NOTE The internal resistance of the voltage measuring equipment should be at least 0,7 k/V of the full-scale value of the measurement range. The influence of the voltage measurement on the measurement of the fault current should be taken into consideration.
4.3 The measuring equipment shall be capable of measuring the trip time of residual current protective devices at the rated residual operating current or shall be capable of indicating the compliance with the maximum allowed trip time. When measuring the trip time, the operating uncertainty shall not exceed 10 % with the maximum permissible trip time as fiducial value and the influence quantities according to Table 1. 4.4 On measuring equipment with indicators, the switching value of the indicators shall be the conventional true value for the calculation of uncertainties, provided nothing to the contrary is stated. 4.5 The operating uncertainty applies under the rated operating conditions stated in IEC 61557-1 and the following: the protective conductor is free from extraneous voltages; the system voltage remains constant during the measurement; the circuit following the residual current protective device carries no leakage current;
the system voltage is within 85 % to 110 % of the nominal system voltage for which the equipment has been designed; the resistance of the probes is within the limits stated by the manufacturer; sinusoidal test current.
4.6 When testing with the rated residual operating current, the following conditions shall be met: the current shall be switched on at a zero crossing; the test period shall be limited to the maximum allowed trip time of the residual current protective device under test. When measuring the trip time, these limits of the test periods need not be applied.
4.7 Prevention of danger during measurements by fault voltages exceeding 50 V within the system under test shall be ensured. This can be achieved as follows: automatic disconnection in accordance with Figure 1 of IEC 61010-1 when fault voltages with a magnitude >50 V occur; use of test resistances R p adjustable in steps, or continuously, in such a manner that the test is started with a resistance that permits current of a maximum of 3,5 mA to flow when all parallel-connected circuits are included. An unambiguous detection shall be ensured, for example by means of a voltmeter, as to whether this test resistance can be varied without producing a hazardous fault voltage.
4.8 The user shall not be exposed to danger and the equipment shall not be damaged when the measuring equipment is connected to 120 % of the nominal voltage of the distribution system for which the measuring equipment has been designed. Protective devices shall not be activated.
4.9 The user shall not be exposed to danger and the measuring equipment shall not be damaged when the measuring equipment is accidentally connected for 1 min with up to 173 % of its rated voltage to earth. Protective devices may be activated.
In addition to the marking in accordance with IEC 61557-1, the following information shall be provided on the measuring equipment. 5.1.1 Rated residual operating current or rated residual operating currents of the residual operating protective devices for which the measuring equipment has been designed. 5.2 Operating instructions
The operating instructions shall state the following in addition to the statements given in IEC 61557-1. 5.2.1 Where the measuring circuit has no probe and if a possible voltage between the protective conductor and earth will influence the measurements, a warning must be included. 5.2.2 Where the measuring circuit uses the N-conductor as a probe, a warning shall be given to test the connection between the neutral point of the distribution system and earth before the test is started; a possible voltage between the N-conductor and the earth may influence the measurements. 5.2.3 A warning that leakage currents in the circuit following the residual current protection device may influence the measurements.
5.2.4 Where the fault voltage is indicated by the test equipment, a clear statement shall be given as to whether the voltage relates to the rated residual current or to the residual operating current of the protective device. If applicable, a note to fulfil the conditions of 4.2.1 shall also be included. 5.2.5 The earth electrode resistance of a measuring circuit with a probe shall not exceed a value to be stated by the manufacturer. 5.2.6 A warning that the potential fields of other earthing installations may influence the measurement. 5.2.7 A warning that special conditions in residual current protective devices of a particular design, for example of S-type (selective and resistance to impulse currents) shall be taken into consideration. 5.2.8 A warning that equipment, which is connected downstream of a residual current protective device (RCD) may cause a considerable extension of the operating time. Examples of such equipment might be connected capacitors or running motors.
The following tests in addition to those required according to IEC 61557-1 shall be executed. These tests shall be carried out at all rated residual operating currents and also, if applicable, at 50 % and 500 % of the rated residual operating current.
The test circuit shall be adapted to test both at the limits of the fault voltage for which the equipment is designed and also at the appropriate R A = R Amax for each range. The test circuit shall be adapted to each test method employed. The manufacturers data shall be heeded.
R Amax =
where UL I N is the conventional touch voltage limit; is the rated residual operating current.
6.1 The operating uncertainty shall be determined in accordance with Table 1. In this process, the intrinsic uncertainty shall be determined under the following reference conditions: nominal voltage of the distribution system; nominal frequency of the distribution system; reference temperature (23 2) C; reference position in accordance with the manufacturer's statement; protective conductor free from extraneous voltages; 100 resistance of the auxiliary earth electrode in a TT system.
The operating uncertainty thus evaluated shall not exceed the limits specified in 4.1 to 4.3.
6.2 Compliance with the permissible operating uncertainty when measuring the fault voltage shall be tested for measurements with and without a probe.
6.3 Compliance with the conditions for the internal resistance in accordance with 4.2 shall be tested in all measurement ranges (type test). 6.4 6.5 6.6 Compliance with the requirements under 4.6 and 4.7 shall be tested (routine test). The overload protection in accordance with 4.8 and 4.9 shall be tested (type test). Compliance with the tests in this clause shall be recorded.
Annex A (normative) Measuring equipment for residual current protective devices (RCDs) of type B
This annex specifies requirements for measuring equipment for testing the effectiveness of protective measures with disconnection by residual current protective devices (RCD) of type B.
The following requirements as well as those given in IEC 61557-1 shall apply. A.2.1 In addition to the verification of the residual operating current with sinusoidal- or half-wave test current, for testing a residual current protective device (RCD) of type B, it shall be verified, that the operating current with a smooth direct residual current, is smaller or equal to 2 times the rated residual operating current I N . If the value of the operating current is to be evaluated, a continuously increasing smooth direct test current starting with 0,2 times the rated residual current I N shall be applied
NOTE A smooth direct current is a current with less than 10 % a.c. ripple (peak-to-peak).
A.2.2 If the test current increases linearly, the increase shall not be greater than 2 times I N i n 5 s. If the test current increases in steps, the increase per step shall not be more than 2 times I N / 30 and the increase shall not be greater than 2 times I N i n 5 s. A.2.3 It shall be possible to perform verifications with smooth direct residual current in both directions of the test current. A.2.4 The operating uncertainty for the measurement of the residual operating current shall not exceed 10 % of the rated residual operating current and shall comply with the values given in Table 1 of this standard. A.2.5 The operating uncertainty according to 4.2 of IEC 61557-1 under rated operating conditions shall apply and the following: the protective conductor is free from extraneous voltages; the system voltage remains constant during the measurement; the circuit following the residual current protective device carries no leakage current; the system voltage is within 85 % to 110 % of the nominal system voltage for which the equipment has been designed;
the resistance of the probes is within the limits stated by the manufacturer; smooth direct current.
A.2.6 It is to be ensured that the measurements do not pose any risks within the system under test by fault voltages exceeding 120 V d.c. This may be achieved by: automatic disconnection in accordance with Figure 1 of IEC 61010-1, if the fault voltage exceeds 120 V d.c.; the use of test resistors R P , which are fixed or adjustable and where the test starts with a resistance which limits the test current to a maximum current of 15 mA d.c., included are parallel measuring circuits.
It must be clearly ascertainable, that the test resistance may be reduced, without producing a dangerous voltage, for example with the indication of the fault voltage.
In addition to the marking in accordance with IEC 61557-1 and this standard, the following information shall be provided on the measuring equipment. A.3.1 Explicit indication, that the measuring device is suitable for testing residual current protective devices (RCD) of type B.
A.3.2 The measuring equipment shall contain the indication that residual current protective devices (RCD) of type B shall be tested in both current directions. Where there is insufficient space, the warning symbol No. 14 according IEC 61010-1 shall be marked adjacent to the RCD function or a warning shall be given on the display.
The tests according to IEC 61557-1 and this standard apply.
IEC 60359:2001, Electrical performance
equipment Expression of
Harmonized as EN 60359:2002 (not modified).
IEC 61008-1:2002, Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs) Part 1: General rules
NOTE Harmonized as EN 61008-1:2004 (modified).
IEC 61009-1:2006, Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) Part 1: General rules
Publication IEC/TR 60755 IEC 60947-2 IEC 61008 (mod) IEC 61009 (mod) IEC 61010-1
Title General requirements for residual current operated protective devices Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 2: Circuit-breakers
EN/HD EN 60947-2 EN 61008
Year 2006 2) Series
Series Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs) Series Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) 2001 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements
EN 61010-1 + corr. June
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