Source: http://www.google.de/patents/US8110303
Timestamp: 2013-05-19 16:34:07
Document Index: 675762513

Matched Legal Cases: ['Application No. 2002', 'Application No. 10', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 2', 'Application No. 99', 'Application No. 2000', 'Application No. 99', 'Application No. 99']

Patent US8110303 - Non-aqueous secondary battery and its control method - Google PatenteSuche Bilder Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive Mehr » Erweiterte Patentsuche | Webprotokoll | Anmelden Erweiterte Patentsuche PatenteThe invention provides a non-aqueous secondary battery having positive and negative electrodes and non-aqueous electrolyte containing lithium salt which has an energy capacity of 30 Wh or more, a volume energy density of 180 Wh/l or higher, which battery has a flat shape and is superior in heat radiation...http://www.google.de/patents/US8110303?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US8110303 - Non-aqueous secondary battery and its control method Ver�ffentlichungsnummerUS8110303 B2PublikationstypErteilung Anmeldenummer11/504,362 Ver�ffentlichungsdatum7. Febr. 2012Eingetragen14. Aug. 2006 Priorit�tsdatum20. Mai 1998Auch ver�ffentlicht unterUS20060281004 ErfinderShiro KatoHaruo KikutaHajime KinoshitaHiroyuki TajiriShizukuni YataUrspr�nglich Bevollm�chtigterKri Inc. US-Klassifikation429/162429/176Internationale KlassifikationH01M10/0525H01M10/36H01M10/0585H01M10/02H01M4/133H01M10/05H01M4/02H01M10/42H01M10/48H01M2/02H01M2/30H01M4/50H01M2/16H01M4/58H01M4/505H01M10/38H01M10/40H01M10/04H01M4/583H01M4/131H01M10/50 UnternehmensklassifikationH01M2/1686H01M4/133H01M4/505H01M4/587H01M10/0413H01M2/30H01M2/021H01M2/162H01M2/0207H01M2004/027H01M10/5032H01M10/42H01M4/131H01M10/0585Y02E60/12H01M4/583H01M10/486H01M10/48H01M10/5016H01M2004/021H01M2/1673H01M10/5004H01M10/0468H01M10/0436H01M10/0525 Europ�ische KlassifikationH01M 4/133H01M 10/0525H01M 10/04FH01M 10/42H01M 10/0585H01M 10/04BH01M 2/30H01M 4/131H01M 10/48H01M 2/02B4H01M 4/505H01M 4/587H01M 10/50D4H01M 4/583H01M 10/50C2H01M 2/02B4BH01M 10/48DH01M 10/04LH01M 2/16LH01M 10/50H4ReferenzenPatentzitate (88)Nichtpatentzitate (19)Externe LinksUSPTO USPTO-Zuordnung EspacenetNon-aqueous secondary battery and its control methodUS 8110303 B2 Zusammenfassung The invention provides a non-aqueous secondary battery having positive and negative electrodes and non-aqueous electrolyte containing lithium salt which has an energy capacity of 30 Wh or more, a volume energy density of 180 Wh/l or higher, which battery has a flat shape and is superior in heat radiation characteristic, used safely and particularly preferably used for a energy storage system. The invention also provides a control method of the secondary battery.
at least one negative electrode made of a material capable of being doped or undoped with lithium;
a polyolefin separator, wherein the unit weight of the separator is not less than 5 g/m2 and not more than 30 g/m2;
a liquid or gel electrolyte containing lithium salt and an organic solvent; and
only one battery case in which said at least one positive electrode, said at least one negative electrode and the electrolyte are stored, wherein a material for the battery case is iron, stainless steel, or aluminum, and wherein a wall thickness of the battery case is not less than 0.2 mm and not more than 1 mm,
the battery being at least 30 Wh in energy capacity and at least 180 Wh/l in volume energy density, formed by a single cell covered by the battery case, and having a flat shape with a thickness of less than 10 mm and not less than 2 mm, such that heat produced in the battery is releasable via the front and back flat faces of the battery, wherein the battery case houses only one cell,
wherein a positive terminal to which said at least one positive electrode is connected and a negative terminal to which said at least one negative electrode is connected are mounted on a flat face of the battery case while being insulated from the battery case.
2. The lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode contains manganese oxide.
3. The lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises as active material double structure graphite particles formed with graphite based particles and amorphous carbon layers covering the surface of the graphite based particles, the graphite based particles having (d002) spacing of (002) planes of not more than 0.34 nm as measured by X ray wide angle diffraction method, the amorphous carbon layers having (d002) spacing of (002) planes of 0.34 nm or higher.
4. The lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises as active material a carbon material manufactured by mixing at least one of artificial graphite and natural graphite with a carbon material having volatile components on the surface and/or in the inside and baking the mixture.
5. The lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the front and rear sides of the flat shape are rectangular.
6. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein a safety vent is formed on a flat face of the battery case.
7. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein a safety vent is formed on either a front or back flat face of the battery case.
only one battery case in which said at least one positive electrode, said at least one negative electrode and the electrolyte are stored, wherein a material for the battery case is iron, stainless steel, or aluminum, and wherein a wall thickness of the battery case is not less than 0.2 mmm and not more than 1 mm, wherein the battery case has a flat shape with a thickness of less than 12 mm and not less than 2 mm, such that heat produced in the battery is releasable via the front and back flat faces of the battery case, wherein during battery operation, sufficient heat is releasable via the front and back flat faces of the battery case to achieve proper battery function,
wherein the battery has at least 30 Wh in energy capacity and at least 180 Wh/1 in volume energy density, formed by a single cell covered by the battery case, wherein the battery case houses only the single cell, and
9. The lithium ion battery of claim 8, wherein a portion of the battery case is formed by bending a thin plate.
10. The lithium ion battery of claim 8, wherein the battery case further comprises a vent hole.
11. The lithium ion battery of claim 8, wherein a safety vent is formed on a flat face of the battery case.
12. The lithium ion battery of claim 8, wherein a safety vent is formed on either a front or back flat face of the battery case.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/981,990, filed Nov. 5, 2004 now abandoned, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/700,988, filed Feb. 5, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,902,847, issued Jun. 7, 2005, which is the U.S. National Phase under 35 U.S.C. �371 of International Application PCT/JP99/02658, filed May 20, 1999, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-26012, filed Feb. 1, 2002, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 10-138347 filed May 20, 1998, No. 10-165373 filed Jun. 12, 1998, No. 10-369928 filed Dec. 25, 1998, No. 10-369936 filed Dec. 25, 1998, No. 10-369969 filed Dec. 25, 1998, No. 10-369986 filed Dec. 25, 1998, No. 10-373667 filed Dec. 28, 1998, and No. 11-65072 filed Mar. 11, 1999, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference it their entirety. The International Application was not published under PCT Article 21(2) in English.
Negative electrode formed by using graphite having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 μm as active-material particles, a resin as a binder, and a metal as a current collector and having a porosity of 20 to 3.5%, an electrode density of 1.40 to 1.70 g/cm3, and an capacity of electrode of 400 mAh/cm3 or higher.
The positive-electrode current collector of each positive electrode 101 a is electrically connected to a positive-electrode tab 3 via a positive-electrode tab 103 a and similarly, negative-electrode current collectors of the each negative electrodes 101 b and 101 c are electrically connected to a negative-electrode tab 4 via a negative-electrode tab 103 b. The positive-electrode tab 3 and negative-electrode tab 4 are mounted on the battery case, that is, the upper case 1 while insulated therefrom . The entire circumferences of the upper case 1 and the bottom case 2 are welded at the point A shown by the enlarged view in FIG. 1. The upper case 1 is provided with a safety vent 5 for releasing the internal pressure in the battery when the pressure rises. The non-aqueous secondary battery shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has, for example, a length of 300 mm, a width of 210 mm, and a thickness of 6 mm. A lithium secondary battery using LiMn2O4 for the positive electrode 101 a and graphite described below for the negative electrodes 101 b and 101 c has, for example, an energy capacity of 80 to 100 Wh and it can be used for a energy storage system.
The negative electrodes 101 b and 101 c thus obtained and having a density of 1.20 to 1.60 g/cm3 (more preferably having a density of 1.35 to 1.60 g/cm3) and a porosity of 20 to 35% are easily impregnated with electrolyte, in which lithium ions and electrons are smoothly moved. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a negative electrode having a high capacity of electrode of 400 mAh/cm3 or more. Use of the negative electrode having a high capacity of electrode of 400 mAhl/cm3 or more is more effective for the battery capacity and safety described below.
Embodiment 2- 1 (1) A positive-electrode mixture slurry was obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of spinel-type LiMn2O4 (made by SEIMI CHEMICAL, product No. M063), 10 parts by weight of acetylene black, and 5 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) with 100 parts by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode was obtained by applying the slurry to both sides of aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm and serving as a current collector, and by drying and pressing the foil. FIG. 6 is an illustration of an electrode. In the case of this embodiment, the coating area (W1�W2) of an electrode 101 was 268�178 mm2 and the slurry was applied to both sides of a current collector 102 of 20 μm thickness at a thickness of 128 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t was 276 μm. One of the edge portions of the shorter side of the current collector 102 was not coated in 1 cm width and a tab 103 (aluminum with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 6 mm) was welded.
[B-type Negative Eectrode]
Embodiment 3-1 (1) A positive-electrode mixture slurry was obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of spinel-type LiMn2O4 (made by SEIMI CHEMICAL; product No. M063), 10 parts by weight of acetylene black, and 5 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) with 100 parts by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode was obtained by applying the slurry to both sides of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm serving as a current collector, and drying and pressing the foil. FIG. 6 is an illustration of the electrode. In the case of this embodiment, the coating area (W1�W2) of the electrode 101 was 268�178 mm2 and slurry was applied to both sides of the current collector 102 of 20 μm thickness at a thickness of 128 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t was 276 μm. One of the edge portions of the shorter side of the current collector 102 was not coated in 1 cm width and a tab 103 (aluminum with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 6 mm) was welded.
Then, a negative electrode was used which was same as the above negative electrode 8 except for the coating thickness of the electrode. In the case of this comparative example, the coating area (W1�W2) of an electrode 101 was 270�180 mm2 and slurry was applied to both sides of the current collector 102 of 14 μm thickness at a thickness of 80 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t was 174 μm. A slurry was applied to only one side by the same method and a single-sided electrode of 94 μm was formed in w accordance with the same method except for the single-sided application of the slurry. Other points were the same as the case of the embodiment 3-1.
As a result of forming a battery in accordance with the same method as the case of the embodiment 3-1 and measuring the capacity, the capacity was 25.8 Ah. The energy capacity was 93 Wh and the volume energy density was 249 Wh/l which were lower than the case of the embodiment 3-1 .
A capacity test was performed in accordance with the above method by using the above negative electrodes. As an electrolyte, a solution was used which was obtained by dissolving LiPF6 having a concentration of 1 mol/kg in a mixed solvent consisting of a ratio of ethylene carbonate : dimethyl carbonate : methyl ethyl carbonate=7:6:6 (weight ratio). Table 3 shows obtained electrode densities, initial capacities, and initial efficiencies.
Embodiment 4- 1 (1) A positive-electrode mixture slurry was obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of spinel-type LiMn2O4 (made by SEIMI CHEMICAL; product No. M063), 10 parts by weight of acetylene black, and 5 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) with 100 parts by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode was obtained by applying the slurry to both sides of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm serving as a current collector, and drying and pressing the foil. FIG. 6 is an illustration of an electrode. In the case of this embodiment, the coating area (W1�W2) of the electrode 101 was 268�178 mm2 and slurry was applied to both sides of the current collector 102 of 20 μm thickness at a thickness of 128 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t was 276 μm. One of the edge portions of the shorter side of the current collector 102 was not coated in 1 cm width and a tab 103 (aluminum with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 6 mm) was welded.
Then, a negative electrode same as the above negative electrode 4′ except for the coating thickness of the electrode was used. In the case of this comparative example, the coating area (W1�W2) of an electrode 101 was 270�180 mm2 and slurry was applied to both sides of the current collector 102 of 14 μm thickness at a thickness of 80 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t was 174 μm. A slurry was applied to only one side by the same method and a single-sided electrode of 94 μm was formed in accordance with the same method except for the single-side application of the slurry. Other points were the same as the case of the embodiment 4- 1.
First, the condition required for the separator 104 is as follows: when pressing the separator 104 at a pressure of 2.500 kg/cm2, the thickness A of the separator 104 is in a range not less than 0.02 mm and not more than 0. 15 mm or preferably in a range not less than 0.02 mm and not more than 0.10 mm. Such a case in which the thickness A under pressure exceeds 0.15 mm is not preferable because the thickness of the separator 104 is too large, the internal resistance increases or the ratio of the separator 104 occupying the inside of the battery increases, and a sufficient capacity cannot be obtained. However, such a case in which the thickness A under pressure is less than 0.02 mm is not practically preferable because it is difficult to manufacture the separator.
It is preferable to use non-woven fabric as a separator meeting the above conditions. In this case, the separator can be easily manufactured. Because non-woven fabric for a battery is finally finished by using a technique such as thermal pressing in order to adjust the thickness. Non-woven fabric- has been frequently lost resiliency in the above thickness-adjusting step (some of non-woven fabrics used for clothing do not include the thickness-adjusting step and most non-woven fabrics are resilient). However, a separator used for a non-aqueous secondary battery of the present invention can be easily manufactured by properly setting a condition such as the thermal pressing.
Glass non-
[B-type Separator]
ene-poly-
ene micro-
[Positioning of Electrode Unit]
Embodiment 7- 1 (1) A positive-electrode mixture slurry was obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of LiCO2O4, 8 parts by weight of acetylene black, and 3 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) with 100 parts by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). A positive electrode was obtained by applying the slurry to both sides of aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 μm serving as a current collector, and drying and pressing the foil. FIG. 6 is an illustration of an electrode. In the case of this embodiment, the coating area (W1�W2) of the electrode 101 was 268�178 mm2 and slurry was applied to both sides of the current collector 102 of 20 μm thickness at a thickness of 95 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t was 210 μm. One of the edge portions of the shorter side of the current collector 102 was not coated in 1 cm width and a tab 103 (aluminum with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a width of 6 mm) was welded.
From the above viewpoints, a nickel-hydrogen battery or a lithium secondary battery provided with a rion-aqueous electrolyte containing lithium salt is preferable as a secondary battery of the present invention and particularly, a lithium secondary battery is optimum.
(2) Negative-electrode mixture slurry was obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of graphitized mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB: made by OSAKA GAS CHEMICAL Co., Ltd.; product No. 628) and 10 parts by weight of PVdF with 90 parts by weight of NMP. A negative electrode was obtained by applying the slurry to both sides of copper foil having a thickness of 14 μm and drying and pressing the foil. Because the shape of the negative electrode is the same as the above positive electrode, the negative electrode is described by referring to FIG. 15. In the case of this embodiment, the coating area (W1�W2) of the electrode 1101 was 135�200 mm2 and the slurry was applied to both sides of the copper foil 1102 at a thickness of 80 μm. As a result, the electrode thickness t is 174 μm. One of the edge portions of the current collector extending along the arrow W2 and having a width of 1 cm is not coated with the electrode, and a tab 1103 (nickel having a thickness of 0.1 �mm and a width of 6 mm) is welded thereto.
Slurry was applied to only one side by the same method and a single-sided electrode having a thickness of 94 μm was formed by the same method other than the side. The single-sided electrode is set to the outermost of the electrode-stacked body in the following Item (3) (1101 n in FIG. 17).
(3) Two electrode-stacked bodies were formed by alternately stacking nine positive electrodes 1101p and ten negative electrodes (eight both-sided electrodes 1101 n and two single-sided electrodes 1101 n′) obtained in the above Item (1) with a separator 1104 (made by TONEN TAPIRUSU Co., Ltd.; made of porous polyethylene) held between the electrode as shown in FIG. 17.
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