j-chim/pii-pile-chunk3-250000-300000-tagged

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[ "Timing, it would appear, sometimes gets in the way of progress for Apple. ", "The company experienced failure with its personal digital assistant Newton in the early 1990s, only to find overwhelming success with the iPad in 2010.", "\n\nAnd now, recently unearthed concept art by Hartmut Esslinger — whose design firm frog helped conceptualize many successful Apple products — proves this observation true again. ", "It appears that Apple was dreaming of an iPhone way back in 1983 — meaning it took 24 years for the company to figure out the right timing for its flagship mobile device.", "\n\nOSXDaily, an Apple-focused blog, shared the photos from the concept art from Esslinger’s 1983 iPhone, which were published in an article on fudder.de, a German news site.", "\n\nThe concept art for the ’83 iPhone actually looks like an iPad crossed with a car phone. ", "It includes a stylus and shows off Apple’s vision for electronic banking, with a hand signing an electronic check.", "\n\nSo given that Apple first thought of the iPhone in 1980s and the iPad in the 1990s, its next breakthrough device has likely long been in the pipeline as well. ", "The question is, how long will we have to wait to actually hold it?" ]	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }	[ 0.013513513513513514, 0.006622516556291391, 0.0056179775280898875, 0.0058823529411764705, 0.011627906976744186, 0.01098901098901099, 0.008771929824561403, 0.018633540372670808, 0 ]	0.009073	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 167, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 152 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 224, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 220 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 286, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 269 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 466, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 462 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 493, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 485 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 666, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 662 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 732, "entity_type": "NRP", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 726 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1004, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 999 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1030, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 1021 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 722, "entity_type": "URL", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "UrlRecognizer_140094861343568", "recognizer_name": "UrlRecognizer" }, "score": 0.5, "start": 713 } ]
[ "Q:\n\nTYPO3 sys_language_mode = content_fallback not working as expected\n\nHere is a little follow-up question to this question of mine: Language switching in Typo3 v6.", "\nThis is my current setup:\nconfig {\n tx_realurl_enable = 1\n simulateStaticDocuments = 0\n sys_language_uid = 1\n language = de\n locale_all = de_DE\n htmlTag_langKey = de\n linkVars := addToList(L)\n uniqueLinkVars = 1\n sys_language_mode = content_fallback\n sys_language_overlay = 1\n}\n\n[globalVar = GP:L = 1]\nconfig.sys_language_uid = 1\nconfig.language = de\nconfig.locale_all = de_DE\nconfig.htmlTag_langKey = de\n[global]\n\n[globalVar = GP:L = 2]\nconfig.sys_language_uid = 2\nconfig.language = en\nconfig.locale_all = en_EN\nconfig.htmlTag_langKey = en\n[global]\n\nIn the backend, German has the ID 1 and English the ID 2. ", "Up to now, everything worked fine. ", "But now there is a site where some German content has no direct translated element in the English content. ", "In other words: I need an element only to appear on the German version.", "\nUp to now, the German content sat in the \"default\" column and the English content was added in the \"english\" column. ", "So I thought all I have to do is add a german translation to the site and add the element there. ", "But it is not working as expected:\n\nThis is the content I added. ", "The left column (marked green) is the default content. ", "The middle column (pink) is the German content. ", "The right column (blue) is the English content.", "\nBut in the frontend, on the English site the blue (English) content is show and on the German site, the green (default) content is shown, not the pink (German) content, as I would have expected and desired.", "\nWhere did I go wrong?", "\nI already confirmed that L=1 by messing around with the htmlTag_langKey. ", "It definitely is set by the first conditional block. ", "So why is sys_language_uid = not displaying the German content. ", "Is any additional configuration needed?", "\n\nA:\n\nYou are adding a german translation to a german text. ", "This can't go well.", "\nIf your main language is german, it should stay the default language. ", "You can rename the label via TSCONFIG in the Backend for editor's convenience. ", "\nmod.", "SHARED{\n defaultLanguageFlag = de.gif\n defaultLanguageLabel = Deutsch\n}\n\nThe default language has the ID 0, so you can call index.php without a language parameter. ", "So you just have to add the foreign languages on page 0, default is already there\nI think you will run into problems if you try to force another localisation to be the default language, so you might want to go back to 2 languages quickly. ", "\nBy the way, I find the most logical setup for TYPO3 language fallback to be:\nIn TS:\nconfig.sys_language_overlay =1\n// don't set sys_language_mode\n\nIn TSCONFIG:\nmod.web_layout.defLangBinding = 1\n\nwhich will bind each article with it's translations\n\n" ]	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }	[ 0, 0.0016129032258064516, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0058823529411764705, 0, 0.008032128514056224 ]	0.000621	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 250, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 223 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 306, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 296 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 749, "entity_type": "NRP", "recognition_metadata": 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[ "AutoGuide.com\n\nAudi is previewing more than its design future at the 2015 Geneva Motor Show.", "\n\nThe German automaker has spilled the details on its new Prologue Avant concept, which will make its official debut in Switzerland early next week. ", "Featuring a high-performance hybrid powertrain with 455 hp and 553 lb-ft of torque, Audi claims that the technology is “close to series production” and hints at the potential of what is already powering current Audi models. ", "The plug-in hybrid drive actually comes from the existing Q7 e-tron quattro, albeit with more power, using a 3.0-liter diesel engine with an electric motor to blast the concept to 62 MPH (100 km/h) in 5.1 seconds. ", "The concept also has an all-electric range of 33.6 miles.", "\n\nThe Prologue Avant concept measures in at 16.8 feet long and 6.5 feet wide while riding on a 10-foot wheelbase. ", "All in all, it’s a little larger than the two-door Prologue concept that debuted at the 2014 LA Auto Show but sports four individual seats, four doors and a large tailgate.", "\n\n2015 Geneva Motor Show Preview\n\nAudi is also previewing future technologies inside the concept with a full width front dashboard that is designed as a display surface that integrates three touch displays. ", "Aluminum frames the two driver-faced displays flanking the steering wheel with the left display controlling the assist functions and the right display for multimedia management. ", "Even in the rear, Audi is incorporating flexible OLED displays that can bend to adapt its angle to the rear seat backrests’ angle of inclination.", "\n\n“With our show car for Geneva, we now translate the design language of the Audi prologue into a new, dynamic and stretched form. ", "We are merging it with a concept of high variability,” Audi product development boss Ulrich Hackenberg said. “", "The Audi prologue Avant is progressive, emotion-filled and versatile, it reflects Audi’s technological competence and quality claim perfectly.”", "\n\nDiscuss this story at our Audi forum" ]	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }	[ 0.010869565217391304, 0.006711409395973154, 0.008928571428571428, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0.008771929824561403, 0.005813953488372093, 0, 0, 0.006896551724137931, 0.007633587786259542, 0.01818181818181818, 0.02097902097902098, 0.02631578947368421 ]	0.009318	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 73, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 69 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 103, "entity_type": "NRP", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 97 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 222, "entity_type": "LOCATION", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 211 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 238, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 223 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 676, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 665 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 940, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 936 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1025, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 1021 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1579, "entity_type": "LOCATION", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 1573 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1781, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 1764 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 13, "entity_type": "URL", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "UrlRecognizer_140094861343568", "recognizer_name": "UrlRecognizer" }, "score": 0.5, "start": 0 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 524, "entity_type": "US_DRIVER_LICENSE", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "UsLicenseRecognizer_140094861023792", "recognizer_name": "UsLicenseRecognizer" }, "score": 0.3, "start": 522 } ]
[ "Running a successful Education Technology Project\n\nThat well-known expression applies as much to running an ed tech project successfully as to anything else. ", "In other words, for an ed tech project to succeed, you need to think about more than just the technology, or even the pedagogy. ", "You have to think about management as well.", "\n\nNext week at the Reform Symposium Conference I’ll be giving a presentation on this very topic. ", "How’s that for a coincidence?! ", "I’ll be looking at 14 factors that ought to be considered if a major project is to succeed.", "\n\nGet ready to be inspired! ", "Now? ", "Now! ", "by James Vauhn http://www.flickr.com/photos/x-ray_delta_one/" ]	{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }	[ 0.012658227848101266, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.03333333333333333 ]	0.004599	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 339, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 330 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 598, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 587 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 644, "entity_type": "URL", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "UrlRecognizer_140094861343568", "recognizer_name": "UrlRecognizer" }, "score": 0.6, "start": 599 } ]
[ "The response to stress in Brazilian children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.", "\nThis study assessed the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, during response to stress, through the measurement of salivary cortisol in 38 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its subtypes, who were matched to 38 healthy control subjects. ", "These measures were made at four time intervals: 15 min before exposing the subjects to a stressor - the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) - and 20, 40, and 60 min after such exposure. ", "The baseline cortisol levels were statistically similar in both groups. ", "The mean values of cortisol at the four time intervals were not statistically different between the three subtypes of ADHD (inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined); thus, the ADHD group was treated as a single group. ", "Following the stressor test, the ADHD group had significantly higher levels of salivary cortisol than the control group at time intervals of 20 and 40 min, whereas in this latter group exposure to the CPT did not induce an increase of cortisol. ", "These results suggest that the increased cortisol levels in the ADHD group could be due to the lack of comorbidities. ", "In addition, these patients, when facing a computerized test, might have responded with a motivational pathway with an increase of cortisol." ]	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }	[ 0, 0.003436426116838488, 0.005405405405405406, 0, 0, 0.004081632653061225, 0, 0 ]	0.001615	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 35, "entity_type": "NRP", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 26 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 453, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 447 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 549, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 547 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 561, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 555 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1035, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 1022 } ]
[ "Cardiovascular magnetic resonance: myocardial perfusion.", "\nThere is growing evidence that the noninvasive assessment of myocardial perfusion with cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a valid and accurate tool for the assessment of ischemic heart disease and its introduction into routine clinical evaluation of patients is rapidly expected. ", "Magnetic resonance measurements allow the evaluation of reversible and irreversible myocardial ischemia, the assessment of acute myocardial infarction, as well as the recognition and detection of viable myocardium. ", "Magnetic resonance perfusion measurements are mainly performed with T1-shortening contrast agents such as gadolinium-DTPA either by visual analysis or based on the analyses of signal intensity time curves. ", "For the detection of myocardial ischemia the first pass kinetics of a gadolinium-DTPA bolus and for the detection of myocardial necrosis and the definition of viable myocardium steady state distribution kinetics are assessed. ", "Quantitative analysis of myocardial perfusion can be performed but requires complex modeling due to the characteristics of gadolinium-DTPA. ", "Thus, semi-quantitative parameters are preferred. ", "There is accumulating evidence in the literature that magnetic resonance imaging can be used for the detection of coronary artery stenosis with high diagnostic accuracy both with semi-quantitative or visual analysis. ", "Myocardial infarction can be reliably detected and the infarcted area determined. ", "Non-reperfused infarcted myocardium can be differentiated from reperfused myocardium by different enhancement patterns that correlates with viability. ", "Cardiac magnetic resonance is a promising technique that can combine different functional studies during one examination, such as the assessment of wall motion and perfusion at rest and stress. ", "With further improvements in analysis software magnetic resonance perfusion measurement may rapidly become a routine tool for the assessment of patients with coronary artery disease." ]	{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005154639175257732, 0 ]	0.00043	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 624, "entity_type": "US_DRIVER_LICENSE", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "UsLicenseRecognizer_140094861023792", "recognizer_name": "UsLicenseRecognizer" }, "score": 0.3, "start": 622 } ]
[ "Q:\n\nWhy Kalki Avatar will come at the end of the yuga not in between like all other Avatars of Vishnu?", "\n\nAs there are 4 Yugas. ", "\nHow many Avatars in each yuga? ", "Why different in number of Avatars?", "\nWhy only one avatar in Kali Yug? ", "\nLike lord Rama and lord Krishna have come in between of those Yugas. ", "But why Kalki Avatar will come at the end?", "\nIt is said that whenever Papa increases then an Avatar comes to restore the Dharma. ", "And now also in Kali Yug many Papa are done by many Ravana and Kansas from each family. ", "In Ramayan there was only one Sita was abducted by one Ravan, in Kali Yug also many Sita are there who are abducted by many Ravans.", "\nso Is it not the time for Vishnu to take an Avatar to restore the Dharma? ", "\nIf Kalki Avatar comes at the end of Kali Yug and start of Satya Yug and no people of Kali Yug will have experience with this Avatar, then can we say Kalki is not an Avatar of Kali Yug but of Satya Yug And no Avatars in Kaliyuga?", "\n\nA:\n\nHow many Avatars in each yuga? ", "Why different in number of Avatars?", "\nAs Lord's incarnations are infinite, so hard to say but if you believe only in 24 or 10 incarnations then this can be answered. ", "Number of Avataras depends on incidents, in previous Yugas, Dharma was more but mighter Asuras were also more.", "\nThis is partially answered in What is chronological timeline (in Manvantara and Mahayuga) of Lord Vishnu incarnations?", "\nWhy only one avatar in Kali Yug?", "\nBuddha avatar already happened in Kali Yuga and Kalki is yet to be happened.", "\nLike lord Rama and lord Krishna have come in between of those Yugas. ", "But why Kalki Avatar will come at the end?", "\nWrong, Lord Krishna incarnated at the end of 28th Dwapara Yuga or in the conjunction time of Dwapara and Kali Yuga to be more correct.", "\nKaliyuga started from king Parikshit who was next king after Yudhisthira. - ", "as per Bhagvata Purana\nSo Is it not the time for Vishnu to take an Avatar to restore the Dharma?", "\nOpinion based question. ", "May be the pot of sins yet to be filled. ", "\nThis is partially answered in What is the apex of Adharma and When will the Kalki avatar be born?.", "\nIf Kalki Avatar comes at the end of Kali Yug and start of Satya Yug and no people of Kali Yug will have experience with this Avatar, then can we say Kalki is not an Avatar of Kali Yug but of Satya Yug And no Avatars in Kaliyuga?", "\nOne avatar (Budhdha) has already incarnated. 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[ "Back to the Satoshi Nakamoto Bitcoin affair Rory Cellan-Jones\n\nTechnology correspondent\n\n@BBCRoryCJon Twitter Published duration 20 June 2016\n\nimage caption Craig Wright failed to deliver on his promise of \"extraordinary proof\" that we was Bitcoin's inventor\n\nAt the beginning of May, it seemed that a great mystery had been solved.", "\n\nAn Australian academic and entrepreneur, Craig Wright, identified himself as Satoshi Nakamoto, the creator of the crypto-currency Bitcoin.", "\n\nBut, over the following days, the proof he offered was torn apart, not just by angry people on the Bitcoin forums but by a number of authorities on cryptography.", "\n\nAfter first promising more evidence, Dr Wright then wrote a blog saying he did not have the strength to continue and retired from public view.", "\n\nNakamoto's true identity appeared as opaque as ever - the Australian had not proved his case, but nor had it been disproved.", "\n\nNow, though, we have a whole new collection of evidence, in the form of a 35,000-word article about the Nakamoto affair in the London Review of Books\n\nThe author is the journalist and novelist Andrew O'Hagan, whose work includes a fascinating and hilarious account of his time trying to be the ghost writer of Julian Assange's autobiography.", "\n\nIt seems Mr O'Hagan has an appetite for driven and difficult high-performing geeky types, because he spent six months with Craig Wright.", "\n\nimage copyright Getty Images image caption The value of Bitcoin has strengthened against \"real\" currencies since Dr Wright disappeared from view\n\nThat meant he was there right through the period when Dr Wright was first outed as a potential Nakamoto last December, then dismissed as a fraud, and later through his own \"self-outing\" and the aftermath.", "\n\nIt is a gripping and beautifully written tale, more a short novel than a magazine article.", "\n\nWe learn all sorts of new details about Dr Wright's career, his claims about his involvement in the creation of Bitcoin, and his reasons for choosing to identify himself as Nakamoto seven years after the currency was created.", "\n\nTo me, the key revelation is about this motivation.", "\n\nHe had told the BBC that he had not wanted to come out into the spotlight but needed to dispel damaging rumours affecting his family, friends and colleagues.", "\n\nBut O'Hagan shows us something rather different - a man under intense pressure from business associates who stood to profit from him if he could be shown to be Nakamoto.", "\n\nThese people had signed a deal with Dr Wright in June last year, which saw them pay off his debts, including legal fees incurred in a battle with the Australian tax authorities.", "\n\nThen, they had a plan for him.", "\n\n\"They would bring Wright to London and set up a research and development centre for him, with around 30 staff working under him,\" O'Hagan writes.", "\n\n\"They would complete the work on his inventions and patent applications - he appeared to have hundreds of them - and the whole lot would be sold as the work of Satoshi Nakamoto, who would be unmasked as part of the project.\"", "\n\nThe intellectual property, which he had already created and would now augment, would be worth as much as $1bn (£700m) with the Nakamoto name attached, so they would all end up very rich indeed.", "\n\nThat may sound fanciful, but Dr Wright's research was into the block chain, the technology underlying Bitcoin, and the world's big banks are rushing to invest in exploring its potential.", "\n\nNow, they may have had dollar signs in their eyes, but Dr Wright's backers certainly seemed to believe he was Nakamoto, and O'Hagan outlines some new evidence that supports that view.", "\n\nHe spends days talking to Dr Wright about his relationship with Dave Kleiman, an American who died in 2013 and is thought by many to have played a big part in the creation of Bitcoin.", "\n\nWith some reluctance, Dr Wright eventually supplies some emails that seem to suggest the two worked together on the 2008 Nakamoto white paper explaining the idea of the \"peer-to-peer electronic cash system\".", "\n\nimage caption Dr Wright gave interviews to only the BBC, the Economist and GQ magazine, in addition to speaking to Mr O'Hagan\n\nO'Hagan goes to meet Dr Wright's ex-wife, who stands up a story about the two men meeting at a conference in Orlando in 2009 - because she came along too.", "\n\nShe gives a detailed account of their meeting and the way Dr Wright hero-worshipped Mr Kleiman, which rings true coming from someone who has no reason to lie.", "\n\nThere is a document about a trust fund set up by Dr Wright to hold some bitcoins for Mr Kleiman, along with a promise not to reveal the identity behind Nakamoto's email address.", "\n\nAnd there are minutes of a meeting between the Australian tax authorities and Dr Wright's business, where his advisor appears to suggest that he possessed 1.1m bitcoins - worth nearly £600m at the current exchange rate.", "\n\nThere is also an intriguing tale about a meeting between Dr Wright and Ross Ulbricht, the man now serving a life sentence in the United States for setting up the Silk Road, the bitcoin-fuelled drug and gun trading site.", "\n\nAnd, then, we get a behind-the-scenes account of what happened when this brilliant, difficult, angry man - described by one colleague as \"like Steve Jobs but only worse\" - went public, in separate meetings with the BBC, the Economist and GQ, and the days afterwards, when everything fell apart.", "\n\nAs someone who played a part in that saga - and still asks himself whether he should have asked better questions of Dr Wright - I was just a little disappointed with this climax to the story.", "\n\nThe author seems more removed from the action at this point than in the months before the denouement.", "\n\nHere is an example: on the Wednesday after the big reveal on Monday 2 May, Dr Wright agreed to undertake a much simpler proof of his identity than he had offered before.", "\n\nHe asked me, and the two Bitcoin experts who had verified his story - Jon Matonis and Gavin Andresen - to send a small amount of bitcoins to an address known to be linked to Nakamoto.", "\n\nHe would then send it back, proving his claims to the identity.", "\n\nimage copyright Blockchain.info image caption Others have also transferred small amounts of bitcoins to Nakamoto's address without them being returned\n\nThe money was sent but never returned.", "\n\nWhat was going on in the hours between us being invited to take part in this proof and the moment when we were told it was \"on hold\"?", "\n\nThe only reason we get for Dr Wright's bizarre behaviour , which sabotaged everything he had worked for, comes in the form of an email to O'Hagan.", "\n\nHe sends the writer a news story that suggests the father of Bitcoin might be arrested for helping to facilitate terrorism by allowing people to buy weapons anonymously.", "\n\nDr Wright, it seems, decided he would prefer to be called a fraud than risk spending years in jail.", "\n\nThis seems unconvincing.", "\n\nAfter all, he had been planning to out himself for months - albeit under pressure from his backers - so why this sudden fear of the consequences now?", "\n\nThe other question left hanging is why the backers who had invested so much in their Nakamoto had not demanded more proof from him at an earlier stage.", "\n\nIn the end, we are left uncertain about Dr Wright's true role in the creation of Bitcoin.", "\n\nIt seems very likely he was involved, perhaps as part of a team that included Dave Kleiman and Hal Finney, the recipient of the first transaction with the currency.", "\n\nHe may have exaggerated his contribution, he may have constructed a very elaborate fantasy - or this fragile personality may have lost his nerve as he realised that his life would never be the same again once he was Craig \"Nakamoto\" Wright.", "\n\nIf you are expecting O'Hagan to reveal the truth behind Bitcoin's creation myth, you will be left disappointed.", "\n\nBut if you enjoy a ripping yarn - with some piercing insights into geek culture - then you will find the Satoshi Affair an engrossing way to spend a couple of hours." ]	{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }	[ 0.018072289156626505, 0.014285714285714285, 0, 0.006944444444444444, 0.007936507936507936, 0.011661807580174927, 0.014492753623188406, 0.005681818181818182, 0, 0.004405286343612335, 0, 0.006289308176100629, 0.005847953216374269, 0.00558659217877095, 0, 0.013605442176870748, 0.004424778761061947, 0, 0.010638297872340425, 0.010810810810810811, 0.010810810810810811, 0.009569377990430622, 0.02120141342756184, 0.0125, 0.0111731843575419, 0.004524886877828055, 0.00904977375565611, 0.010135135135135136, 0.0051813471502590676, 0, 0.005847953216374269, 0.005405405405405406, 0, 0, 0, 0.013513513513513514, 0, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0, 0, 0.01098901098901099, 0.012048192771084338, 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[ "Q:\n\nAlternate definition of singular homology.", "\n\nInstead of defining the spaces $\\Delta^n=\\{(x_0,...x_{n}) \\in \\mathbb R^{n+1}:\\Sigma_i x_i=1 \\ \\text{&} \\ x_m \\geq0\\ \\forall m\\}$ define $s\\Delta^n =\\{(x_0,...x_{n}) \\in \\mathbb R^{n+1}:\\Sigma_i x_i=1\\}$ with the face maps given by $d_i:(x_0,..x_n) \\mapsto (x_0,...x_{i-1},0,x_i...,x_n)$. Does this define an isomorphic version of homology? ", "As in if X is a space, do the two definitions coincide. ", "Not necessarily naturally.", "\nI've been struggling with this problem for over two weeks now. ", "I could elaborate on methods I have tried but none have been succesful so I don't see the point. ", "I really only need the result for open subsets of $\\mathbb R^n$ so make any assumptions you want about the space X. Thank you in advance!", "\n\nA:\n\nYes, this is naturally isomorphic to singular homology. ", " To prove it, first construct a sequence of retractions $r_n:s\\Delta^n\n\\to\\Delta^n$ which are compatible with the face maps. ", " For instance, $r_1$ will take the line $s\\Delta^1$ and contract the ends of it down to just the bounded interval $\\Delta^1$. Then $r_2$ will contract the plane $s\\Delta^2$ down to the triangle $\\Delta^2$, contracting each line bounding the triangle down to the edge of the triangle according to $r_1$. In general, having constructed $r_i$ for $i<n$, the existence of such an $r_n$ follows from the Tietze extension theorem (or more geometrically, from obstruction theory, if you triangulate $s\\Delta^n$ such that each of the faces are subcomplexes).", "\nThese maps $r_n$ will induce a map of chain complexes $r^:C_(X)\\to sC_(X)$ where $C_(X)$ is the ordinary singular chain complex and $sC_(X)$ is the singular chain complex using $s\\Delta^n$ instead of $\\Delta^n$. There is also a map $i^:sC_(X)\\to C_(X)$ given simply by restricting from $s\\Delta^n$ to $\\Delta^n$, and $i^r^=1$. To prove that $i^$ induces isomorphisms on homology, it thus suffices to show that $r^i^:sC_(X)\\to sC_(X)$ is chain-homotopic to the identity.", "\nTo construct the chain homotopy, we just extend the $r_n$'s to a sort of deformation retraction. ", " Specifically, let $P^n$ be the space obtained by gluing together $n$ copies of $s\\Delta^n$ the same way that $n$ copies of $\\Delta^n$ are glued together to form the standard triangulation of $\\Delta^n\\times[0,1]$. In particular, $P^n$ has two \"start and end\" faces which correspond to the faces $\\Delta^n\\times\\{0\\}$ and $\\Delta^n \\times\\{1\\}$ of $\\Delta^n\\times[0,1]$, and \"side\" copies of $P^{n-1}$ which correspond to $F\\times[0,1]$ for each face $F$ of $\\Delta^n$. We can now construct a sequence of maps $h_n:P^{n+1}\\to s\\Delta^n$ such that $h_n$ is given by $h_{n-1}$ on each side face (mapping to the corresponding face of $s\\Delta^n$), is given by the identity on the bottom face, and is given by $r_n$ on the top face. ", " Indeed, given $h_i$ for each $i<n$, the existence of $h_n$ with the required properties follows from the Tietze extension theorem.", "\nThese maps $h_n$ then induce maps $h_n^:sC_n(X)\\to sC_{n+1}(X)$, sending each simplex to the alternating sum of the $n+1$ simplices of $P^{n+1}$ which are mapped into $X$ by composing with $h_n$. Since $h_n$ is given by $h_{n-1}$ on the side faces, these maps $h_n^$ will define a chain homotopy between what the $h_n$'s do on the bottom and top faces, i.e. between the identity and $r^i^*$.\n\nMore generally, similar arguments show that if you replace the simplices $\\Delta^n$ with any sufficiently nice levelwise contractible cosimplicial space, the homology you get will be naturally isomorphic to singular homology (or more strongly, the \"singular set\" you get by mapping out of your cosimplicial space will be naturally weak equivalent to the usual singular set). ", " Here \"sufficiently nice\" turns out to mean \"Reedy cofibrant\"; more generally, if I'm not mistaken, then the following is true:\n\nLet $C$ be a model category and $A$ be a fibrant object in $C$. ", " Define $h_A:C^{\\Delta}\\to(\\mathtt{Set}^{\\Delta^{op}})^{op}$ by $h_A(X)_n=\\operatorname{Hom}(X_n,A)$. Then $h_A$ is a left Quillen functor for the Reedy model structure on $C^{\\Delta}$, and in particular it preserves weak equivalences between Reedy cofibrant objects.", "\n\nIn other words, working very generally in a model category, you could define a \"singular homology\" theory using maps out of a cosimplicial object, and then the singular homology theories given by weak equivalent Reedy cofibrant cosimplicial objects agree on fibrant objects.", "\n\n" ]	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }	[ 0, 0.014577259475218658, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0018115942028985507, 0, 0, 0, 0.007633587786259542, 0, 0.0051813471502590676, 0.007462686567164179, 0.0036231884057971015, 0 ]	0.002121	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 152, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 134 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 250, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 242 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 528, "entity_type": "DATE_TIME", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 514 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 1359, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 1353 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 2490, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 2482 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 2838, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 2834 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 2930, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 2924 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 3095, "entity_type": "LOCATION", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 3087 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 3771, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 3766 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 4014, "entity_type": "LOCATION", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 4010 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 4066, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 4061 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 4162, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 4157 }, { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 4399, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", "recognizer_name": "SpacyRecognizer" }, "score": 0.85, "start": 4394 } ]
[ "Q:\n\nProgrammatically fireEvent in TextField - JavaFX\n\nLet's say a have a TextField\nTextField tf = new TextField();\n\nand I want to simulate the user pressing a key. ", "\nKeyEvent ke = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.", "KEY_RELEASED, \n KeyCode.", "A.toString(), KeyCode.", "A.toString(), \n KeyCode.", "A, false, false, false, false);\ntf.fireEvent(ke);\n\nif I examine the text contents of tf, I will see this state hold true\ntf.getText() == \"\"\n\nWhat happened to my KeyEvent and why didn't the text equal \"a\"? ", "I have tried this with KEY_RELEASED, KEY_PRESSED, and KEY_TYPED\nContained Example:\nimport org.junit.", "Assert;\nimport org.junit.", "Rule;\nimport org.junit.", "Test;\n\nimport javafx.scene.control.", "TextField;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyCode;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyEvent;\n\nimport java.util.concurrent.", "CountDownLatch;\n\nimport javax.swing.", "SwingUtilities;\n\nimport javafx.application.", "Platform;\nimport javafx.embed.swing.", "JFXPanel;\n\nimport org.junit.rules.", "TestRule;\nimport org.junit.runner.", "Description;\nimport org.junit.runners.model.", "Statement;\n\npublic class TextFieldExample {\n\n @Rule public JavaFXThreadingRule javafxRule = new JavaFXThreadingRule();\n @Test\n public void onlyAcceptValidInputs() {\n TextField tf = new TextField();\n KeyEvent ke = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.", "KEY_RELEASED, \n KeyCode.", "A.toString(), KeyCode.", "A.toString(), \n KeyCode.", "A, false, false, false, false);\n tf.fireEvent(ke);\n Assert.assertEquals(\"A\", tf.getText());\n }\n}\n\nclass JavaFXThreadingRule implements TestRule { \n /*\n Flag for setting up the JavaFX, we only need to do this once for all tests.", "\n /\n private static boolean jfxIsSetup;\n\n @Override\n public Statement apply(Statement statement, Description description) {\n\n return new OnJFXThreadStatement(statement);\n }\n\n private static class OnJFXThreadStatement extends Statement {\n\n private final Statement statement;\n\n private OnJFXThreadStatement(Statement aStatement) {\n statement = aStatement;\n }\n\n private Throwable rethrownException = null;\n\n @Override\n public void evaluate() throws Throwable {\n\n if(!jfxIsSetup) {\n setupJavaFX();\n\n jfxIsSetup = true;\n }\n\n final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);\n\n Platform.runLater(new Runnable() {\n @Override\n public void run() {\n try {\n statement.evaluate();\n } catch (Throwable e) {\n rethrownException = e;\n }\n countDownLatch.countDown();\n }});\n\n countDownLatch.await();\n\n // if an exception was thrown by the statement during evaluation,\n // then re-throw it to fail the test\n if(rethrownException !", "= null) {\n throw rethrownException;\n }\n }\n\n protected void setupJavaFX() throws InterruptedException {\n final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); \n SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {\n public void run() {\n // initializes JavaFX environment\n new JFXPanel(); \n latch.countDown();\n }\n });\n\n latch.await();\n }\n\n }\n}\n\nA:\n\nIt seems the text field is listening for KEY_TYPED events. ", "Note that for KEY_TYPED events, the text should be the empty string, and the code should be KeyCode.", "UNDEFINED.", "\nNote also that in your test case, the text field is never added to a live scene. ", "Because of this, it doesn't install its skin, which contains the logic for actually processing events. ", "So you need to force the installation of the skin by calling setSkin(...), passing in the result of the protected method createDefaultSkin():\nimport javafx.application.", "Application;\nimport javafx.geometry.", "Pos;\nimport javafx.scene.", "Scene;\nimport javafx.scene.control.", "Button;\nimport javafx.scene.control.", "TextField;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyCode;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyEvent;\nimport javafx.scene.layout.", "VBox;\nimport javafx.stage.", "Stage;\n\npublic class TextFieldFireEvent extends Application {\n\n @Override\n public void start(Stage primaryStage) {\n TextField tf = new TextField() {\n {\n setSkin(createDefaultSkin());\n }\n };\n\n Button button = new Button(\"A\");\n button.setOnAction(e -> {\n KeyEvent ke = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.", "KEY_TYPED, \n \"a\", \"\", \n KeyCode.", "UNDEFINED, false, false, false, false);\n tf.fireEvent(ke);\n System.out.println(tf.getText());\n });\n VBox root =new VBox(10, /tf,*/ button);\n\n root.setAlignment(Pos.", "CENTER);\n primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 400, 400));\n primaryStage.show();\n }\n\n public static void main(String[] args) {\n launch(args);\n }\n}\n\n" ]	{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }	[ 0.018292682926829267, 0, 0, 0.045454545454545456, 0.037037037037037035, 0.004878048780487805, 0.02, 0.04, 0, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0.02857142857142857, 0.02564102564102564, 0, 0, 0.027777777777777776, 0, 0.029411764705882353, 0.022727272727272728, 0.015503875968992248, 0.02564102564102564, 0.045454545454545456, 0.02564102564102564, 0.007782101167315175, 0.005439005439005439, 0.003305785123966942, 0.02, 0.1, 0, 0, 0.005952380952380952, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0.02857142857142857, 0.02702702702702703, 0, 0.008086253369272238, 0.014285714285714285, 0.004629629629629629, 0 ]	0.016074	5	[ { "analysis_explanation": null, "end": 947, "entity_type": "PERSON", "recognition_metadata": { "recognizer_identifier": "SpacyRecognizer_140094861343280", 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[ "Timing, it would appear, sometimes gets in the way of progress for Apple. ", "The company experienced failure with its personal digital assistant Newton in the early 1990s, only to find overwhelming success with the iPad in 2010.", "\n\nAnd now, recently unearthed concept art by Hartmut Esslinger — whose design firm frog helped conceptualize many successful Apple products — proves this observation true again. ", "It appears that Apple was dreaming of an iPhone way back in 1983 — meaning it took 24 years for the company to figure out the right timing for its flagship mobile device.", "\n\nOSXDaily, an Apple-focused blog, shared the photos from the concept art from Esslinger’s 1983 iPhone, which were published in an article on fudder.de, a German news site.", "\n\nThe concept art for the ’83 iPhone actually looks like an iPad crossed with a car phone. ", "It includes a stylus and shows off Apple’s vision for electronic banking, with a hand signing an electronic check.", "\n\nSo given that Apple first thought of the iPhone in 1980s and the iPad in the 1990s, its next breakthrough device has likely long been in the pipeline as well. ", "The question is, how long will we have to wait to actually hold it?" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Q:\n\nTYPO3 sys_language_mode = content_fallback not working as expected\n\nHere is a little follow-up question to this question of mine: Language switching in Typo3 v6.", "\nThis is my current setup:\nconfig {\n tx_realurl_enable = 1\n simulateStaticDocuments = 0\n sys_language_uid = 1\n language = de\n locale_all = de_DE\n htmlTag_langKey = de\n linkVars := addToList(L)\n uniqueLinkVars = 1\n sys_language_mode = content_fallback\n sys_language_overlay = 1\n}\n\n[globalVar = GP:L = 1]\nconfig.sys_language_uid = 1\nconfig.language = de\nconfig.locale_all = de_DE\nconfig.htmlTag_langKey = de\n[global]\n\n[globalVar = GP:L = 2]\nconfig.sys_language_uid = 2\nconfig.language = en\nconfig.locale_all = en_EN\nconfig.htmlTag_langKey = en\n[global]\n\nIn the backend, German has the ID 1 and English the ID 2. ", "Up to now, everything worked fine. ", "But now there is a site where some German content has no direct translated element in the English content. ", "In other words: I need an element only to appear on the German version.", "\nUp to now, the German content sat in the \"default\" column and the English content was added in the \"english\" column. ", "So I thought all I have to do is add a german translation to the site and add the element there. ", "But it is not working as expected:\n\nThis is the content I added. ", "The left column (marked green) is the default content. ", "The middle column (pink) is the German content. ", "The right column (blue) is the English content.", "\nBut in the frontend, on the English site the blue (English) content is show and on the German site, the green (default) content is shown, not the pink (German) content, as I would have expected and desired.", "\nWhere did I go wrong?", "\nI already confirmed that L=1 by messing around with the htmlTag_langKey. ", "It definitely is set by the first conditional block. ", "So why is sys_language_uid = not displaying the German content. ", "Is any additional configuration needed?", "\n\nA:\n\nYou are adding a german translation to a german text. ", "This can't go well.", "\nIf your main language is german, it should stay the default language. ", "You can rename the label via TSCONFIG in the Backend for editor's convenience. ", "\nmod.", "SHARED{\n defaultLanguageFlag = de.gif\n defaultLanguageLabel = Deutsch\n}\n\nThe default language has the ID 0, so you can call index.php without a language parameter. ", "So you just have to add the foreign languages on page 0, default is already there\nI think you will run into problems if you try to force another localisation to be the default language, so you might want to go back to 2 languages quickly. ", "\nBy the way, I find the most logical setup for TYPO3 language fallback to be:\nIn TS:\nconfig.sys_language_overlay =1\n// don't set sys_language_mode\n\nIn TSCONFIG:\nmod.web_layout.defLangBinding = 1\n\nwhich will bind each article with it's translations\n\n" ]

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[ "AutoGuide.com\n\nAudi is previewing more than its design future at the 2015 Geneva Motor Show.", "\n\nThe German automaker has spilled the details on its new Prologue Avant concept, which will make its official debut in Switzerland early next week. ", "Featuring a high-performance hybrid powertrain with 455 hp and 553 lb-ft of torque, Audi claims that the technology is “close to series production” and hints at the potential of what is already powering current Audi models. ", "The plug-in hybrid drive actually comes from the existing Q7 e-tron quattro, albeit with more power, using a 3.0-liter diesel engine with an electric motor to blast the concept to 62 MPH (100 km/h) in 5.1 seconds. ", "The concept also has an all-electric range of 33.6 miles.", "\n\nThe Prologue Avant concept measures in at 16.8 feet long and 6.5 feet wide while riding on a 10-foot wheelbase. ", "All in all, it’s a little larger than the two-door Prologue concept that debuted at the 2014 LA Auto Show but sports four individual seats, four doors and a large tailgate.", "\n\n2015 Geneva Motor Show Preview\n\nAudi is also previewing future technologies inside the concept with a full width front dashboard that is designed as a display surface that integrates three touch displays. ", "Aluminum frames the two driver-faced displays flanking the steering wheel with the left display controlling the assist functions and the right display for multimedia management. ", "Even in the rear, Audi is incorporating flexible OLED displays that can bend to adapt its angle to the rear seat backrests’ angle of inclination.", "\n\n“With our show car for Geneva, we now translate the design language of the Audi prologue into a new, dynamic and stretched form. ", "We are merging it with a concept of high variability,” Audi product development boss Ulrich Hackenberg said. “", "The Audi prologue Avant is progressive, emotion-filled and versatile, it reflects Audi’s technological competence and quality claim perfectly.”", "\n\nDiscuss this story at our Audi forum" ]

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[ "Running a successful Education Technology Project\n\nThat well-known expression applies as much to running an ed tech project successfully as to anything else. ", "In other words, for an ed tech project to succeed, you need to think about more than just the technology, or even the pedagogy. ", "You have to think about management as well.", "\n\nNext week at the Reform Symposium Conference I’ll be giving a presentation on this very topic. ", "How’s that for a coincidence?! ", "I’ll be looking at 14 factors that ought to be considered if a major project is to succeed.", "\n\nGet ready to be inspired! ", "Now? ", "Now! ", "by James Vauhn http://www.flickr.com/photos/x-ray_delta_one/" ]

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[ "The response to stress in Brazilian children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.", "\nThis study assessed the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, during response to stress, through the measurement of salivary cortisol in 38 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its subtypes, who were matched to 38 healthy control subjects. ", "These measures were made at four time intervals: 15 min before exposing the subjects to a stressor - the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) - and 20, 40, and 60 min after such exposure. ", "The baseline cortisol levels were statistically similar in both groups. ", "The mean values of cortisol at the four time intervals were not statistically different between the three subtypes of ADHD (inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined); thus, the ADHD group was treated as a single group. ", "Following the stressor test, the ADHD group had significantly higher levels of salivary cortisol than the control group at time intervals of 20 and 40 min, whereas in this latter group exposure to the CPT did not induce an increase of cortisol. ", "These results suggest that the increased cortisol levels in the ADHD group could be due to the lack of comorbidities. ", "In addition, these patients, when facing a computerized test, might have responded with a motivational pathway with an increase of cortisol." ]

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[ "Cardiovascular magnetic resonance: myocardial perfusion.", "\nThere is growing evidence that the noninvasive assessment of myocardial perfusion with cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a valid and accurate tool for the assessment of ischemic heart disease and its introduction into routine clinical evaluation of patients is rapidly expected. ", "Magnetic resonance measurements allow the evaluation of reversible and irreversible myocardial ischemia, the assessment of acute myocardial infarction, as well as the recognition and detection of viable myocardium. ", "Magnetic resonance perfusion measurements are mainly performed with T1-shortening contrast agents such as gadolinium-DTPA either by visual analysis or based on the analyses of signal intensity time curves. ", "For the detection of myocardial ischemia the first pass kinetics of a gadolinium-DTPA bolus and for the detection of myocardial necrosis and the definition of viable myocardium steady state distribution kinetics are assessed. ", "Quantitative analysis of myocardial perfusion can be performed but requires complex modeling due to the characteristics of gadolinium-DTPA. ", "Thus, semi-quantitative parameters are preferred. ", "There is accumulating evidence in the literature that magnetic resonance imaging can be used for the detection of coronary artery stenosis with high diagnostic accuracy both with semi-quantitative or visual analysis. ", "Myocardial infarction can be reliably detected and the infarcted area determined. ", "Non-reperfused infarcted myocardium can be differentiated from reperfused myocardium by different enhancement patterns that correlates with viability. ", "Cardiac magnetic resonance is a promising technique that can combine different functional studies during one examination, such as the assessment of wall motion and perfusion at rest and stress. ", "With further improvements in analysis software magnetic resonance perfusion measurement may rapidly become a routine tool for the assessment of patients with coronary artery disease." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nWhy Kalki Avatar will come at the end of the yuga not in between like all other Avatars of Vishnu?", "\n\nAs there are 4 Yugas. ", "\nHow many Avatars in each yuga? ", "Why different in number of Avatars?", "\nWhy only one avatar in Kali Yug? ", "\nLike lord Rama and lord Krishna have come in between of those Yugas. ", "But why Kalki Avatar will come at the end?", "\nIt is said that whenever Papa increases then an Avatar comes to restore the Dharma. ", "And now also in Kali Yug many Papa are done by many Ravana and Kansas from each family. ", "In Ramayan there was only one Sita was abducted by one Ravan, in Kali Yug also many Sita are there who are abducted by many Ravans.", "\nso Is it not the time for Vishnu to take an Avatar to restore the Dharma? ", "\nIf Kalki Avatar comes at the end of Kali Yug and start of Satya Yug and no people of Kali Yug will have experience with this Avatar, then can we say Kalki is not an Avatar of Kali Yug but of Satya Yug And no Avatars in Kaliyuga?", "\n\nA:\n\nHow many Avatars in each yuga? ", "Why different in number of Avatars?", "\nAs Lord's incarnations are infinite, so hard to say but if you believe only in 24 or 10 incarnations then this can be answered. ", "Number of Avataras depends on incidents, in previous Yugas, Dharma was more but mighter Asuras were also more.", "\nThis is partially answered in What is chronological timeline (in Manvantara and Mahayuga) of Lord Vishnu incarnations?", "\nWhy only one avatar in Kali Yug?", "\nBuddha avatar already happened in Kali Yuga and Kalki is yet to be happened.", "\nLike lord Rama and lord Krishna have come in between of those Yugas. ", "But why Kalki Avatar will come at the end?", "\nWrong, Lord Krishna incarnated at the end of 28th Dwapara Yuga or in the conjunction time of Dwapara and Kali Yuga to be more correct.", "\nKaliyuga started from king Parikshit who was next king after Yudhisthira. - ", "as per Bhagvata Purana\nSo Is it not the time for Vishnu to take an Avatar to restore the Dharma?", "\nOpinion based question. ", "May be the pot of sins yet to be filled. ", "\nThis is partially answered in What is the apex of Adharma and When will the Kalki avatar be born?.", "\nIf Kalki Avatar comes at the end of Kali Yug and start of Satya Yug and no people of Kali Yug will have experience with this Avatar, then can we say Kalki is not an Avatar of Kali Yug but of Satya Yug And no Avatars in Kaliyuga?", "\nOne avatar (Budhdha) has already incarnated. ", "And if you believe in this theory then you should consider Lord Krishna as an avatara of Kali Yuga.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Back to the Satoshi Nakamoto Bitcoin affair Rory Cellan-Jones\n\nTechnology correspondent\n\n@BBCRoryCJon Twitter Published duration 20 June 2016\n\nimage caption Craig Wright failed to deliver on his promise of \"extraordinary proof\" that we was Bitcoin's inventor\n\nAt the beginning of May, it seemed that a great mystery had been solved.", "\n\nAn Australian academic and entrepreneur, Craig Wright, identified himself as Satoshi Nakamoto, the creator of the crypto-currency Bitcoin.", "\n\nBut, over the following days, the proof he offered was torn apart, not just by angry people on the Bitcoin forums but by a number of authorities on cryptography.", "\n\nAfter first promising more evidence, Dr Wright then wrote a blog saying he did not have the strength to continue and retired from public view.", "\n\nNakamoto's true identity appeared as opaque as ever - the Australian had not proved his case, but nor had it been disproved.", "\n\nNow, though, we have a whole new collection of evidence, in the form of a 35,000-word article about the Nakamoto affair in the London Review of Books\n\nThe author is the journalist and novelist Andrew O'Hagan, whose work includes a fascinating and hilarious account of his time trying to be the ghost writer of Julian Assange's autobiography.", "\n\nIt seems Mr O'Hagan has an appetite for driven and difficult high-performing geeky types, because he spent six months with Craig Wright.", "\n\nimage copyright Getty Images image caption The value of Bitcoin has strengthened against \"real\" currencies since Dr Wright disappeared from view\n\nThat meant he was there right through the period when Dr Wright was first outed as a potential Nakamoto last December, then dismissed as a fraud, and later through his own \"self-outing\" and the aftermath.", "\n\nIt is a gripping and beautifully written tale, more a short novel than a magazine article.", "\n\nWe learn all sorts of new details about Dr Wright's career, his claims about his involvement in the creation of Bitcoin, and his reasons for choosing to identify himself as Nakamoto seven years after the currency was created.", "\n\nTo me, the key revelation is about this motivation.", "\n\nHe had told the BBC that he had not wanted to come out into the spotlight but needed to dispel damaging rumours affecting his family, friends and colleagues.", "\n\nBut O'Hagan shows us something rather different - a man under intense pressure from business associates who stood to profit from him if he could be shown to be Nakamoto.", "\n\nThese people had signed a deal with Dr Wright in June last year, which saw them pay off his debts, including legal fees incurred in a battle with the Australian tax authorities.", "\n\nThen, they had a plan for him.", "\n\n\"They would bring Wright to London and set up a research and development centre for him, with around 30 staff working under him,\" O'Hagan writes.", "\n\n\"They would complete the work on his inventions and patent applications - he appeared to have hundreds of them - and the whole lot would be sold as the work of Satoshi Nakamoto, who would be unmasked as part of the project.\"", "\n\nThe intellectual property, which he had already created and would now augment, would be worth as much as $1bn (£700m) with the Nakamoto name attached, so they would all end up very rich indeed.", "\n\nThat may sound fanciful, but Dr Wright's research was into the block chain, the technology underlying Bitcoin, and the world's big banks are rushing to invest in exploring its potential.", "\n\nNow, they may have had dollar signs in their eyes, but Dr Wright's backers certainly seemed to believe he was Nakamoto, and O'Hagan outlines some new evidence that supports that view.", "\n\nHe spends days talking to Dr Wright about his relationship with Dave Kleiman, an American who died in 2013 and is thought by many to have played a big part in the creation of Bitcoin.", "\n\nWith some reluctance, Dr Wright eventually supplies some emails that seem to suggest the two worked together on the 2008 Nakamoto white paper explaining the idea of the \"peer-to-peer electronic cash system\".", "\n\nimage caption Dr Wright gave interviews to only the BBC, the Economist and GQ magazine, in addition to speaking to Mr O'Hagan\n\nO'Hagan goes to meet Dr Wright's ex-wife, who stands up a story about the two men meeting at a conference in Orlando in 2009 - because she came along too.", "\n\nShe gives a detailed account of their meeting and the way Dr Wright hero-worshipped Mr Kleiman, which rings true coming from someone who has no reason to lie.", "\n\nThere is a document about a trust fund set up by Dr Wright to hold some bitcoins for Mr Kleiman, along with a promise not to reveal the identity behind Nakamoto's email address.", "\n\nAnd there are minutes of a meeting between the Australian tax authorities and Dr Wright's business, where his advisor appears to suggest that he possessed 1.1m bitcoins - worth nearly £600m at the current exchange rate.", "\n\nThere is also an intriguing tale about a meeting between Dr Wright and Ross Ulbricht, the man now serving a life sentence in the United States for setting up the Silk Road, the bitcoin-fuelled drug and gun trading site.", "\n\nAnd, then, we get a behind-the-scenes account of what happened when this brilliant, difficult, angry man - described by one colleague as \"like Steve Jobs but only worse\" - went public, in separate meetings with the BBC, the Economist and GQ, and the days afterwards, when everything fell apart.", "\n\nAs someone who played a part in that saga - and still asks himself whether he should have asked better questions of Dr Wright - I was just a little disappointed with this climax to the story.", "\n\nThe author seems more removed from the action at this point than in the months before the denouement.", "\n\nHere is an example: on the Wednesday after the big reveal on Monday 2 May, Dr Wright agreed to undertake a much simpler proof of his identity than he had offered before.", "\n\nHe asked me, and the two Bitcoin experts who had verified his story - Jon Matonis and Gavin Andresen - to send a small amount of bitcoins to an address known to be linked to Nakamoto.", "\n\nHe would then send it back, proving his claims to the identity.", "\n\nimage copyright Blockchain.info image caption Others have also transferred small amounts of bitcoins to Nakamoto's address without them being returned\n\nThe money was sent but never returned.", "\n\nWhat was going on in the hours between us being invited to take part in this proof and the moment when we were told it was \"on hold\"?", "\n\nThe only reason we get for Dr Wright's bizarre behaviour , which sabotaged everything he had worked for, comes in the form of an email to O'Hagan.", "\n\nHe sends the writer a news story that suggests the father of Bitcoin might be arrested for helping to facilitate terrorism by allowing people to buy weapons anonymously.", "\n\nDr Wright, it seems, decided he would prefer to be called a fraud than risk spending years in jail.", "\n\nThis seems unconvincing.", "\n\nAfter all, he had been planning to out himself for months - albeit under pressure from his backers - so why this sudden fear of the consequences now?", "\n\nThe other question left hanging is why the backers who had invested so much in their Nakamoto had not demanded more proof from him at an earlier stage.", "\n\nIn the end, we are left uncertain about Dr Wright's true role in the creation of Bitcoin.", "\n\nIt seems very likely he was involved, perhaps as part of a team that included Dave Kleiman and Hal Finney, the recipient of the first transaction with the currency.", "\n\nHe may have exaggerated his contribution, he may have constructed a very elaborate fantasy - or this fragile personality may have lost his nerve as he realised that his life would never be the same again once he was Craig \"Nakamoto\" Wright.", "\n\nIf you are expecting O'Hagan to reveal the truth behind Bitcoin's creation myth, you will be left disappointed.", "\n\nBut if you enjoy a ripping yarn - with some piercing insights into geek culture - then you will find the Satoshi Affair an engrossing way to spend a couple of hours." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nAlternate definition of singular homology.", "\n\nInstead of defining the spaces $\\Delta^n=\\{(x_0,...x_{n}) \\in \\mathbb R^{n+1}:\\Sigma_i x_i=1 \\ \\text{&} \\ x_m \\geq0\\ \\forall m\\}$ define $s\\Delta^n =\\{(x_0,...x_{n}) \\in \\mathbb R^{n+1}:\\Sigma_i x_i=1\\}$ with the face maps given by $d_i:(x_0,..x_n) \\mapsto (x_0,...x_{i-1},0,x_i...,x_n)$. Does this define an isomorphic version of homology? ", "As in if X is a space, do the two definitions coincide. ", "Not necessarily naturally.", "\nI've been struggling with this problem for over two weeks now. ", "I could elaborate on methods I have tried but none have been succesful so I don't see the point. ", "I really only need the result for open subsets of $\\mathbb R^n$ so make any assumptions you want about the space X. Thank you in advance!", "\n\nA:\n\nYes, this is naturally isomorphic to singular homology. ", " To prove it, first construct a sequence of retractions $r_n:s\\Delta^n\n\\to\\Delta^n$ which are compatible with the face maps. ", " For instance, $r_1$ will take the line $s\\Delta^1$ and contract the ends of it down to just the bounded interval $\\Delta^1$. Then $r_2$ will contract the plane $s\\Delta^2$ down to the triangle $\\Delta^2$, contracting each line bounding the triangle down to the edge of the triangle according to $r_1$. In general, having constructed $r_i$ for $i<n$, the existence of such an $r_n$ follows from the Tietze extension theorem (or more geometrically, from obstruction theory, if you triangulate $s\\Delta^n$ such that each of the faces are subcomplexes).", "\nThese maps $r_n$ will induce a map of chain complexes $r^*:C_*(X)\\to sC_*(X)$ where $C_*(X)$ is the ordinary singular chain complex and $sC_*(X)$ is the singular chain complex using $s\\Delta^n$ instead of $\\Delta^n$. There is also a map $i^*:sC_*(X)\\to C_*(X)$ given simply by restricting from $s\\Delta^n$ to $\\Delta^n$, and $i^*r^*=1$. To prove that $i^*$ induces isomorphisms on homology, it thus suffices to show that $r^*i^*:sC_*(X)\\to sC_*(X)$ is chain-homotopic to the identity.", "\nTo construct the chain homotopy, we just extend the $r_n$'s to a sort of deformation retraction. ", " Specifically, let $P^n$ be the space obtained by gluing together $n$ copies of $s\\Delta^n$ the same way that $n$ copies of $\\Delta^n$ are glued together to form the standard triangulation of $\\Delta^n\\times[0,1]$. In particular, $P^n$ has two \"start and end\" faces which correspond to the faces $\\Delta^n\\times\\{0\\}$ and $\\Delta^n \\times\\{1\\}$ of $\\Delta^n\\times[0,1]$, and \"side\" copies of $P^{n-1}$ which correspond to $F\\times[0,1]$ for each face $F$ of $\\Delta^n$. We can now construct a sequence of maps $h_n:P^{n+1}\\to s\\Delta^n$ such that $h_n$ is given by $h_{n-1}$ on each side face (mapping to the corresponding face of $s\\Delta^n$), is given by the identity on the bottom face, and is given by $r_n$ on the top face. ", " Indeed, given $h_i$ for each $i<n$, the existence of $h_n$ with the required properties follows from the Tietze extension theorem.", "\nThese maps $h_n$ then induce maps $h_n^*:sC_n(X)\\to sC_{n+1}(X)$, sending each simplex to the alternating sum of the $n+1$ simplices of $P^{n+1}$ which are mapped into $X$ by composing with $h_n$. Since $h_n$ is given by $h_{n-1}$ on the side faces, these maps $h_n^*$ will define a chain homotopy between what the $h_n$'s do on the bottom and top faces, i.e. between the identity and $r^*i^*$.\n\nMore generally, similar arguments show that if you replace the simplices $\\Delta^n$ with any sufficiently nice levelwise contractible cosimplicial space, the homology you get will be naturally isomorphic to singular homology (or more strongly, the \"singular set\" you get by mapping out of your cosimplicial space will be naturally weak equivalent to the usual singular set). ", " Here \"sufficiently nice\" turns out to mean \"Reedy cofibrant\"; more generally, if I'm not mistaken, then the following is true:\n\nLet $C$ be a model category and $A$ be a fibrant object in $C$. ", " Define $h_A:C^{\\Delta}\\to(\\mathtt{Set}^{\\Delta^{op}})^{op}$ by $h_A(X)_n=\\operatorname{Hom}(X_n,A)$. Then $h_A$ is a left Quillen functor for the Reedy model structure on $C^{\\Delta}$, and in particular it preserves weak equivalences between Reedy cofibrant objects.", "\n\nIn other words, working very generally in a model category, you could define a \"singular homology\" theory using maps out of a cosimplicial object, and then the singular homology theories given by weak equivalent Reedy cofibrant cosimplicial objects agree on fibrant objects.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nProgrammatically fireEvent in TextField - JavaFX\n\nLet's say a have a TextField\nTextField tf = new TextField();\n\nand I want to simulate the user pressing a key. ", "\nKeyEvent ke = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.", "KEY_RELEASED, \n KeyCode.", "A.toString(), KeyCode.", "A.toString(), \n KeyCode.", "A, false, false, false, false);\ntf.fireEvent(ke);\n\nif I examine the text contents of tf, I will see this state hold true\ntf.getText() == \"\"\n\nWhat happened to my KeyEvent and why didn't the text equal \"a\"? ", "I have tried this with KEY_RELEASED, KEY_PRESSED, and KEY_TYPED\nContained Example:\nimport org.junit.", "Assert;\nimport org.junit.", "Rule;\nimport org.junit.", "Test;\n\nimport javafx.scene.control.", "TextField;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyCode;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyEvent;\n\nimport java.util.concurrent.", "CountDownLatch;\n\nimport javax.swing.", "SwingUtilities;\n\nimport javafx.application.", "Platform;\nimport javafx.embed.swing.", "JFXPanel;\n\nimport org.junit.rules.", "TestRule;\nimport org.junit.runner.", "Description;\nimport org.junit.runners.model.", "Statement;\n\npublic class TextFieldExample {\n\n @Rule public JavaFXThreadingRule javafxRule = new JavaFXThreadingRule();\n @Test\n public void onlyAcceptValidInputs() {\n TextField tf = new TextField();\n KeyEvent ke = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.", "KEY_RELEASED, \n KeyCode.", "A.toString(), KeyCode.", "A.toString(), \n KeyCode.", "A, false, false, false, false);\n tf.fireEvent(ke);\n Assert.assertEquals(\"A\", tf.getText());\n }\n}\n\nclass JavaFXThreadingRule implements TestRule { \n /**\n * Flag for setting up the JavaFX, we only need to do this once for all tests.", "\n */\n private static boolean jfxIsSetup;\n\n @Override\n public Statement apply(Statement statement, Description description) {\n\n return new OnJFXThreadStatement(statement);\n }\n\n private static class OnJFXThreadStatement extends Statement {\n\n private final Statement statement;\n\n private OnJFXThreadStatement(Statement aStatement) {\n statement = aStatement;\n }\n\n private Throwable rethrownException = null;\n\n @Override\n public void evaluate() throws Throwable {\n\n if(!jfxIsSetup) {\n setupJavaFX();\n\n jfxIsSetup = true;\n }\n\n final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);\n\n Platform.runLater(new Runnable() {\n @Override\n public void run() {\n try {\n statement.evaluate();\n } catch (Throwable e) {\n rethrownException = e;\n }\n countDownLatch.countDown();\n }});\n\n countDownLatch.await();\n\n // if an exception was thrown by the statement during evaluation,\n // then re-throw it to fail the test\n if(rethrownException !", "= null) {\n throw rethrownException;\n }\n }\n\n protected void setupJavaFX() throws InterruptedException {\n final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); \n SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {\n public void run() {\n // initializes JavaFX environment\n new JFXPanel(); \n latch.countDown();\n }\n });\n\n latch.await();\n }\n\n }\n}\n\nA:\n\nIt seems the text field is listening for KEY_TYPED events. ", "Note that for KEY_TYPED events, the text should be the empty string, and the code should be KeyCode.", "UNDEFINED.", "\nNote also that in your test case, the text field is never added to a live scene. ", "Because of this, it doesn't install its skin, which contains the logic for actually processing events. ", "So you need to force the installation of the skin by calling setSkin(...), passing in the result of the protected method createDefaultSkin():\nimport javafx.application.", "Application;\nimport javafx.geometry.", "Pos;\nimport javafx.scene.", "Scene;\nimport javafx.scene.control.", "Button;\nimport javafx.scene.control.", "TextField;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyCode;\nimport javafx.scene.input.", "KeyEvent;\nimport javafx.scene.layout.", "VBox;\nimport javafx.stage.", "Stage;\n\npublic class TextFieldFireEvent extends Application {\n\n @Override\n public void start(Stage primaryStage) {\n TextField tf = new TextField() {\n {\n setSkin(createDefaultSkin());\n }\n };\n\n Button button = new Button(\"A\");\n button.setOnAction(e -> {\n KeyEvent ke = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.", "KEY_TYPED, \n \"a\", \"\", \n KeyCode.", "UNDEFINED, false, false, false, false);\n tf.fireEvent(ke);\n System.out.println(tf.getText());\n });\n VBox root =new VBox(10, /*tf,*/ button);\n\n root.setAlignment(Pos.", "CENTER);\n primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 400, 400));\n primaryStage.show();\n }\n\n public static void main(String[] args) {\n launch(args);\n }\n}\n\n" ]

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Datasets:

j-chim
/

pii-pile-chunk3-250000-300000-tagged

Dataset Card for "pii-pile-chunk3-250000-300000-tagged"